U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
LONG LAKE
ST, JOSEPH COUWY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 211
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
tf GPO 697-O32
-------
REPORT
ON
LONG LAKE
ST, JOSEPH COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 211
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
FEBRUARY, 1975
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword ii
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 13
VI. Appendices 14
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identfying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constant!'ne Res,
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwin
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
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Tributary Sampling Site
Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Facility
Direct Drainage Area Limits
-------
LONG LAKE
STORE! NO. 2692
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data show that Long Lake is eutrophic. Of the 35
Michigan lakes sampled in November, when essentially all were
well-mixed, only four had greater mean total and dissolved
phosphorus, but 15 had greater mean inorganic nitrogen*.
Survey limnologists observed an algal bloom in progress
in June and noted heavy growths of rooted aquatic vegetation
in the shallower areas of the lake.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The results of the algal assay show that Long Lake was
nitrogen limited in September, 1972. The lake data indicate
nitrogen limitation at the other sampling times as well.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Long Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate over three times
that proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous"; i.e.,
three times the eutrophic rate (see page 12). Of this load,
it is calculated the community of Bronson contributed nearly
76%.
See Appendix A.
-------
Reportedly (Eyer, 1973), phosphorus removal facilities
were under construction during the 1973 construction season.
However, it is evident the facilities were not operational
during the Survey sampling year (see data in Appendix D); the
phosphorus load from the plant was equivalent to 2.9 Ibs/capita/
year.
It is calculated that 80% removal of phosphorus at Bronson
would reduce the loading to Long Lake to about 16 Ibs/acre/yr
2
or 1.82 g/m /yr. This rate would still exceed the dangerous
2
rate of 1.48 g/m /yr but, in view of the relatively short
hydraulic retention time of Long Lake, should result in reduced
incidence and severity of algal blooms.
2. Non-point sources (see page ll)--It is calculated that
non-point sources contributed about 20% of the total phosphorus
load during the sampling year. However, the phosphorus exports
of the Long Lake tributaries do not appear to be excessive as
compared to other Michigan streams sampled.
-------
II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 211 acres.
2. Mean depth: 17 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 32 feet.
4. Volume: 3,587 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 31 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
2
Swan Creek 70.8 mi 54.7 cfs
Lepley Lake outlet (B-l) 1.2 mi2 0.9 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 2.6 mi 2.2 cfs
Totals 74.6 mi2 57.8 cfs
2. Outlet -
Swan Creek 74.9 mi2** 57.9 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 37.1 inches.
2. Mean annual: 34.1 inches.
t MI Dept. Cons, lake inventory map (1949); mean depth by random-dot method.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Long Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season of
1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time, samples
for physical and chemical parameters were collected from two stations on
the lake and from a number of depths at each station (see map, page v).
During each visit a single depth-integrated (15 feet to surface) sample
was composited from the stations for phytoplankton identification and
enumeration; and during the second visit, a single five-gallon depth-
integrated sample was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a
depth integrated sample was collected from each of the stations for
chlorophyll a_ analyses. The maximum depths sampled were 20 feet at
station 1 and 27 feet at station 2.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
is based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix C.
-------
Physical and chemical characteristics:
FALL VALUES
Parameter
Temperature (Cent.)
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1)
Conductivity (ymhos)
pH (units)
Alkalinity (mg/1)
Total P (mg/1)
Dissolved P (mg/1)
N02 + N03 (mg/1)
Ammonia fmg/1)
(11/12/72)
Minimum Mean
7.3
8.4
440
7.7
184
0.122
0.119
0.200
0.350
Secchi disc (inches) 36
Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton* -
7.4
8.7
456
7.8.
187
0.163
0.148
0.300
0.449
ALL VALUES
82
Sampling
Date
09/17/72
11/12/72
Dominant
Genera
1. Microcystis
2. Kirchneriella
3. Lyngbya
4. Oscillatoria
5. Flagellates
Other genera
Total
1. Lyngbya
2. Asterionella
3. Fragilaria
4. Synedra
5. Cyclotella
Other genera
Median
7.4
8.6
460
7.8
186
0.160
0.141
0.330
0.450
48
Maximum
7.6
9.0
470
7.8
190
0.184
0.167
0.330
0.500
144
Total
Number
per ml
3,219
832
723
633
416
1.681
7,504
3,707
416
217
163
72
253
4,828
The June sample was lost in shipment.
-------
Sampling
Date
06/13/72
09/17/72
11/12/72
Station
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
2. Chlorophyll a^ -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Chlorophyll a
(yg/1)
5.5
6.0
22.6
10.6
5.1
10.6
Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N Maximum yield
Spike (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) (mg/l-dry wt.)
Control
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P + 5.0 N
0.050 P + 10.0 N
10.0 N
2. Discussion -
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
of Long Lake was quite high at the time the sample was col-
lected (09/12/72). Also, the lack of significant increases
in yield with increased increments of orthophosphorus,
until nitrogen was also added, shows the lake was nitrogen
0.176
0.186
0.196
0.226
0.226
0.226
0.176
eld of the
0.784
0.784
0.784
0.784
5.784
10.784
10.784
assay alga, Selenastrum
17.4
17.6
18.7
19.3
34.4
35.2
47.8
capri-
-------
limited. Note the significant increase in yield when only
nitrogen was added.
The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation at all
sampling times (N/P ratios were 6/1 or less, and nitrogen
limitation would be expected).
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8
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu-
tary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the high runoff
months of March and April when two samples were collected. Sampling
began in October, 1972, and was completed in September, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the Michi-
gan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary sites
nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were determined
by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer program for
calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for unsampled "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated
2
by using the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, at station B-l and multi-
2
plying by the ZZ area in mi .
The operator of the Bronson wastewater treatment plant provided
monthly effluent samples and corresponding flow data. In this report,
it is assumed that all of the nutrients from the Bronson STP reached
Long Lake during the sampling year.
In the following loading tables, the loads attributed to Swan Creek
at station A-2 are those measured there minus the Bronson loads.
* See Working Paper No. 1.
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A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal* -
Pop. Mean Receiving
Name Served Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
Bronson 2,300 trickling 0.378 Swan Creek
filter
2. Industrial - Unknown
* Eyer, 1973.
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10
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Swan Creek 1,670 19.2
Lepley Lake outlet (B-l) 110 1.3
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 240 2.8
c. Known municipal STP's -
Bronson 6,580 75.7
d. Septic tanks* - 60 0.7
e. Industrial - Unknown
f. Direct precipitation** - 30 0.3
Total 8,690 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Swan Creek 7,890
3. Net annual P accumulation - 800 pounds
* Estimated 100 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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11
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs N/ % of
Source yjr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Swan Creek 125,790 76.9
Lepley Lake outlet (B-l) 4,600 . 2.8
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 9,970 6.1
c. Known municipal STP's -
Bronson 18,750 11.5
d. Septic tanks* - 2,350 1.4
e. Industrial - Unknown
f. Direct precipitation** - 2.030 1.3
Total 163,490 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Swan Creek 175,010
3. Net annual N loss - 11,520 pounds
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary Ibs P/mi2/yr Ibs N/mi2/yr
Swan Creek 24 1,777
Lepley Lake outlet (B-l) 92 3,833
* Estimated 100 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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12
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
Ibs/acre/yr 41.2 3.8 774.8 loss*
grams/mz/yr 4.62 0.42 86.8
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m^/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Long Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 1.48
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.74
* The apparent nitrogen loss may have been due to nitrogen fixation in the
lake, resolubilization of previously sedimented nitrogen, or unmeasured
ground-water inputs. However, it could also have been due to insufficient
outlet sampling in relation to the relatively short hydraulic retention
time (note that the mean total N concentration at the Swan Creek outlet,
A-l, was 1.495 mg/1; but the mean T-N concentration at the Swan Creek
inlet, A-2, was only 1.312 mg/1).
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13
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Eyer, Frederick T., 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Bronson
STP). MI Dept. Publ. Health, Lansing.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz.
Z. Hydrol.
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VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOARDMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
3606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORO LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
26<>0 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
2648 LAKE MACATAWA
26*9 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS PONO
2673 ROSS RESEHVOIK
2674 SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.044
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.180
0.040
0.197
0.018
0.087
0.027
0.246
0.026
0.034
0.016
0.042
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
-r«LL VALU&2
MEAN
1MSS P
0.0*3
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.0*8
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.01*
0.008
0.058
0.3*2 '
0.1**
0.015 .
0.120
0.010
0.0*3
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
C.008
0.032
0.064
0.019
U.241
0.148
MEAN
INORG N
1.461
3.835
0.358
1.168
1.489
1.420
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
1.406
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.304
0.469
0.496
0.816
0.183
0.460
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.7*9
500-
MEAN SEC
439.375
473.000
363.500
470.222
456.167
465.250
461.667
456.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
441.667
427.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
457.333
435.500
465.333
458.750
4*2.833
455.500
417.778
451.667
418.400
MEAN
CHLORA
10.678
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
44.233
3.008
13.483
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.9*4
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
10.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIN 00
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
8.200"
1 7.400
7.500
9.240
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.380
14.800
14.800
8.020
9.600
8.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.601)
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 MIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGMTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MAROUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
-r ALL VAl.UC.3-
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
0.050
MEAN
INOWG N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLOHA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN DO'
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOARDMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHAHLEVOIX
26ia LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTlNE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
2648 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGtRS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
26B5 UNION LAKE
26B8 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
......... rALL VflLUtb--
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
I 16)
< 10)
( 34)
( 7)
I 8)
( 9)
( 271
( 11)
( 32)
I 17)
( 25)
( 12)
( 0)
( 4)
I 20)
1 3)
( 28)
( 13)
I 24)
I 2)
( 26)
< 21)
I 30)
I 19)
( 14)
I 23)
( 1)
( 5)
43
54
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
14
74
4-0
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
< 15)
I 19)
( 34)
( 11)
( 7)
( 13)
1 27)
( 8)
< 32)
( 25)
( 29)
( 10)
( 0)
( 4)
( 24)
( 5)
( 26>
( 14)
I 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
I 9)
I 21)
( 1)
( 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
( 0)
I 24)
( 11)
( 5)
( 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
( 4)
( 8)
( 2)
( 22)
( 1)
( 27)
( 19)
< IB)
( 15)
I 301
( 20)
( 26)
( . 3)
( 9)
( 23)
I 131
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
( 20)
( 1)
I 32)
< 2)
( 9)
I 4)
( 6)
( 12)
I 33)
( 30)
I 9)
( 9)
( 19)
( 24)
I 14)
< 0)
( 16)
I 21)
( 23)
I 8)
I 22)
1 3)
( 7)
1 18)
1 13)
( 28)
I 15)
( 27)
"ALL VALUtb
MEAN
CHLOHA
60
49
94
29
14
11
86
0
89
46
3
37
9
26
6
23
80
69
31
20
77
63
43
40
34
74
17
66
I 21)
( 17)
I 33)
( 10)
( 5)
( 4)
I 30)
( 0)
( 31)
( 16)
f U
I 13)
( 3)
( 91
I 2)
( 8)
( 28)
( 24)
( 11)
( 7)
( 27)
( 22)
( 15)
( 14)
1 12)
( 26)
( 6)
( 23)
15-
MIN DO
63
54
97
40
3
79
94
90
60
11
90
23
11
0
36
43
46
11
U
86
51
79
71
49
79
31
20
27
( 22)
< 19)
< 34)
( 14)
( 1)
( *26)
( 33)
1 31)
( 21)
( 2)
1 31)
1 B)
( 2)
( 0)
( 12)
( 15)
( 16)
( 2)
( 2)
1 30)
( 18)
I 26)
( 25)
t 17)
( 26)
I 11)
< 7)
( 9)
INOEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
508
357
316
163
97
123 •
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
123
239
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MAROUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P OISS P
17
89
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
(. 3D
( 33)
( 29)
< 18)
( 22)
( IS)
17 <
89 (
94 (
06 (
49 (
51 (
34 (
6)
31)
33)
30)
17)
18)
12>
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
( 25)
( 17)
bOO-
MtAN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( b)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN 15-
CHLORA MIN UO
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( <>4)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
< 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
219
483
536
481
305
354
284
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR MICHIGAN
2/3/75
LAKE CODE 2692
LONG LAKE
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE(SQ MI)
SUB-DRAINAGE
TRIBUTARY AREA(SQ MI)
JAN
F£B
74.90
MAR
APR
MAY
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CFS)
JUN JUL AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
MEAN
2692A1
2692A2
2692B1
2692ZZ
74.90
70.80
1.20
2.90
02.20 77.00 84.70 102.00
58.8U 72.80 80.20 96.80
1.00 1.23 1.3b 1.64
2.41 2.98 3.28 3.97
77
72
1
2
.00
.80
.23
.98
50
47
0
1
.60
.90
.81
.96
37
35
0
1
.80
.70
.61
.46
29.
27.
0.
1.
10
50
47
13
25.00
23.60
0.40
0.97
33.40
31.60
0.54
1.29
46.50
43.90
0.74
1.80
SUMMARY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE =
SUM OF SUB-DRAINAGE AREAS =
74.90
74.90
TOTAL
TOTAL
FLOW
FLOW
IN =
OUT =
696.
695.
51
90
70.60 57.86
66.80 54.74
1.11 0.93
2.74 2.24
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CFS)
TRIBUTARY MONTH YEAR
2692A1
2b92A2
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
N FLOW
39.00
71.00
89.00
124.00
75.00
112.00
118.00
93.00
100.00
52.00
49.00
30.00
37.00
67.00
84.00
118.00
71.00
106.00
112.00
88.00
94.00
49.00
46.00
29.00
DAY
29
2
27
20
10
14
12
10
26
25
29
2
27
20
10
14
12
10
26
25
FLOW DAY
b2.00
70.00 30
93.00
67.00
90.00 31
100.00 28
78.00
133.00
52.00
26.00
49.00
66.00 30
88.00
64.00
Sb.OO 31
9b.OO 28
74.00
126.00
49.00
25.00
FLOW
106.00
142.00
122.00
100.00
134.00
116.00
FLOW
-------
FLOW INFORMATION Fu*
2/3/75
LAKE CODE 2692
LONG LAKE
MEAN MONTHLY FLOfcS ANO LiMlLY FLOWS(CKS)
TRIriOTAKY MONIH YEA* MEAiN FLOW OAY
2692B1
10
11
12
1
2
3
t*
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
t>
7
R
9
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
0.60
1. 10
1.4Ci
1.90
1.20
1.70
1 .Ovl
1.40
1.60
0.80
0.80
0.50
1 .50
2.70
3.4C
4.80
2.90
4.30
4.50
3.60
3. HO
2.00
1.90
1.20
29
2
3
10
14
12
10
2o
25
FLU* OAY
0.80
1.10 3J
1.40
1.6U
1.20
2.10
0.80
0.40
20
31
28
KLUrt OAY
1.60
l.uO
2.20
1.90
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
269201
41 54 43.0 085 20 48.0
LONG LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE
FROM
TO
72/06/13
72/09/17
72/11/12
OC010
TIME DEPTH WATER
OF TEMP
DAY FEET
15
Ib
15
15
15
13
13
13
08
08
08
06
06
06
06
06
13
13
13
55
55
55
0000
0010
0013
0015
0020
0000
0004
0015
0000
0004
0015
CENT
21
20
16
13
11
20
19
7
7
.0
.6
.7
.9
.8
.0
.0
.5
.6
00300
DO
MG/L
12.
11.
2.
1.
0.
9.
5.
8.
8.
8
2
6
6
0
S
3
6
6
00077 00094
TRANSP CNDUCTVY
StCCHI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
440
440
36
144
410
460
410
420
425
460
440
440
11EPALES
3
00400
PH
SU
8.75
8.65
7.75
7.65
8.60
8.55
7.82
7.80
7.80
7.80
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
184
185
184
131
137
138
143
186
184
185
2111203
0020
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAU
MG/L
0.030
0.020
0.020
0.070
0.040
0.040
0.060
0.200
0.330
0.330
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.050
0.040
0.070
0.840
0.070
0.060
0.460
0.500
0.480
0.480
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.041
0.026
0.075
0.230
0.110
0.081
0.108
0.184
0.180
0.182
00666
PHOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.030
0.020
0.058
0.221
0.031
0.021
0.089
0.167
0.166
0.164
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLRPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET UG/L
72/06/13 15 06 0000 5.5J
72/C9/17 13 13 0000 22.6J
72/11/12 08 55 0000 5.1J
J-VALUE K,'\/0*N TO HE IN cKROR
-------
STOrttT RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/0**
269202
41 55 30.0 085 21 00.0
LONG LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE
FrtOM
TO
72/06/13
72/09/17
72/11/12
J0010
TIME DEPTH waTER
OF TEMP
UAlT FEET
15
15
15
15
15
13
13
13
13
13
09
09
09
09
30
30
30
30
30
24
24
?4
24
24
10
10
10
10
0000
0010
0016
0020
0025
0000
0004
0015
0020
0027
0000
0004
0015
0023
CENT
20
18
14
12
11
19
18
15
11
7
7
7
.8
.7
.4
.3
.8
.3
.3
.2
.2
.4
.4
.3
U030U
DO
MG/L
11.
6.
1.
1.
0.
6.
3.
0.
0.
9.
9.
8.
6
7
4
e>
0
1
5
0
0
0
0
4
00077 00094
TKA.MSP CuouCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
INCHEb HICKOMHO
48
36
1<*4
480
500
<»90
500
430
430
420
500
460
460
460
470
11EPALES
*
00400
PH
SU
8.60
8.10
7.70
7.70
8.00
7.98
7.68
7.40
7.10
7.80
7.80
7.80
7.70
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
187
193
186
199
188
145
146
149
175
222
185
190
189
188
2111202
0025
00630
N02MM03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.040
0.080
0.040
0.120
0.070
0.080
0.070
0.080
0.100
0.100
0.330
0.290
0.290
0.330
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.150
0.140
0.220
0.810
0.220
0.210
0.420
1.840
9.140
0.430
0.450
0.450
0.350
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.036
0.078
0.092
0.145
0.304
0.123
0.111
0.143
0.464
1.430
0.157
0.160
0.157
0.122
00666
PHOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.034
0.071
0.070
0.145
0.272
0.081
0.072
0.115
0.408
1.380
0.136
0.141
0.141
0.119
DATE TIME DEPTH
FXOM OF
TO DAY FEET
72/06/13 15 30 OOOu
72/09/17 13 24 0000
72/U/12 09 10 0000
Uo/L
6.0 J
10.bJ
10.6 J
J Vi.LUE KlMliwM TO Si I.M
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY and WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT DATA
-------
STUȣT
DATE 75/G2/o4
2692A1 LS2692A1
41 53 30.0 Oa4 20 00.0
b'.«/AN CHEEK (LONG LK/PALME* LK CN
^t> /.a COLON
U/LONG LAKE
CO KU BKOb 2 MI bSw OF COLON
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FP.OM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/02
72/12/30
73/01/27
73/02/20
73/U3/10
73/03/31
73/04/14
73/04/28
73/05/12
73/06/10
73/06/30
73/08/26
73/09/25
0 C 6 3 0 o 0 6 ?. 5
flHF DcPfH N026.N03 TOT KJt'L
OF N-TOTAL N'
DAY FEET
09
06
OH
OB
09
09
10
OB
Ob
09
09
07
20
40
59
?0
00
10
30
50
27
45
05
30
MG/L
0
l>
1
0
1
0
n
j
j
j
j
u
J
C
.221
.730
.20J
.900
.040
.820
.620
.510
.Ib9
.Olo
.011
.02e
.0?^
,0c9
MG/L
1.
0.
1.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
'J •
.- .
0.
1.
1.
1.
250
h30
260
460
** 0 0
t) ^i 0
HOO
300
'H J.'S
1 Go
«40
lr>o
2^0
200
00610 0 0 6 7 1
K'H3-N PHOS-01S P
TOTAL OkfHO
Mb
u
0
J
L'
0
a
;>
v/
;;
.\
•J
J
„
.;,
/L
."+60
.067
.Ofc>0
.030
.052
.105
.044
.031
.036
.099
. o £_ j
.044
.022
.32o
MG/L P
0 . 19M
0 .050
0.016
C.014
o .0 10
G.035
0.012
o .0 10
0 .005l\
0.013
o .033
0.048
'.'.016
U.052
00665
riui-TOT
MG/L P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
J
0
0
0
0
.220
.077
.029
.025
.030
.055
.0 Jtj
.025
.035
. o40
• UdJ
.100
.Od5
.100
K VALOE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THMN INDICATED
-------
STOP.ET KtlkfEVAU DAlc 75/02/04
US.2b92.A2
00..0 OH4 21 30.0
£?6 ?.5 COLON
I/LONO tAK.it
SECONDARY KO bKUG. .,5
DATE
FKGM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/02
72/12/30
73/01/27
73/02/20
73/03/10
73/03/31
73/01*/ 1<*
73/04/28
73/05/12
7j/0b/10
73/06/30
73/08/2h
73/09/25
TIME OLPTr
OF
DAY FtET
08
08
oy
08
08
08
10
06
OB
09
04
07
45
15
40
00
00
S2
18
30
15
15
35
00
^ nO?sN03 1
IN-TOTAL
luT KJtL
N
MG/L |V1G/L
o
0
1
1
1
0
i;
u
0
'J
I;
0
I/
0
.440
.?4<+
.200
.020
.100
.8-+0'
.670
.430
.220
.120
. 16d
.26J
.150
.340
0 .
0.
1.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1 i
0 .
y.
o .
750
4?0
600
4<+0
500
70U
820
6^0
b'-'O
Slu
1 ')Li
SsO
5^vy
.ni+0
•J-C610' 00671 Oi)b65
NH3-N PnO-S-li)lS PriOb-TOI
loTAL OKfriO'
MG/L
a.
0.
0.
0 .
J .
v .
0.
\j •
'J .
I..
L> »
0.
0.
o.
110
008
063
024
054
03sy
o2a
05^
020
J /O
044
0 J O
y ^ *+
066
MG/L P
O.ObV
0.024
0.0 1H
0.019
0.019
0.023
0.016
O.o20
O.Ol/
0.0 lo
0.076
0 • 16d
0.110
0 .099
MG/U P
u
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.Od4
.036
.032
.030
.040
.040
.03a
.03/
.045
. u 55
.12u
,23'J
.135
.115
MI NE KINOUEY
211120.4
6000 FEET DEPTH
-------
STOP-ET KETKIF.VAL UAft 7s/02/04
2b92A3 LS26*2A3
41 54 00. 0 Odb 13 00.0
25 /.b BrtONbON N
1/LONO LAI\t ST JOSEPH CO
CO rtu bRDG Nrt OK DHONbON bELO STP
iltPALES 2111204
<* 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
F'rtOM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/02
72/12/30
73/01/27
73/02/2U
73/03/10
73/03/31
73/04/14
73/04/28
73/05/12
73/06/10
73/06/30
73/08/26
73/09/25
00630 t'0625
TIME DtPFH ,*U2NN03 TOT KJ^L
OF N- TOTAL U
DAY FEET
10
10
09
10
09
11
11
OSi
09
10
09
OS
00
13
26
?0
30
10
10
45
35
30
SO
10
MG/L
0
U
1
1
1
1
1
1
J
j
0
0
0
0
.790
.250
.760
. <* u 0
.340
. 2t'0
.120
.020
.rtJO
,67j
.510
,49'J
.430
.810
TOTAL
HG/L Hij,/L
U.
0.
2.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0.
0.
1.
1.
G .
G.
900
900
700
660
5HO
650
'39U
MOo
d8u
*V2J
10'J
"^ 1 j i)
£4 *\ 0
n90
0
0
0
i.:
•j
u
0
y
ii
J
u
..1
\J
;.i
.Id9
.138
.Ibt
.060
.115
.069
.052
. u fb
.'J66
.Obb
.1 lu
.100
.0*p
.?40
00671 00665
'M0b-..)ib PHOb-UT
OK FHO
Mb/L P
U
0
0
0
0
u
0
J
,J
0
0
j
o
u
.130
.058
.Obo
.032
.052
.032
.331
.036
.021
.007
.u4b
.075
. 126
.231
MG/L P
U. 168
0.087
0. 1>+0
0.050
G.u95
0.060
0.055
u . 055
0 . 0 l(j
0.065
u .OdO
.u . 1 1 0
0.155
0.2dO
-------
STORET nETrtlEVAL
E. 7S/0?/Jt
2692A<+
tl SH 00.0 nob 12 UO.O
bWAN CHEEK
2o /.a b^ONSOiM N
T/|_UiMG LrtKt Sr JOSEPH CO
CO KU drtLKj 2 Ml N dKONSON ABUV STP Trtid
HEHALtS 211120^
<+ 0000 FEE! DEPTH
DATE
F^OM
fj
72/10/29
72/12/02
72/12/30
73/01/27
73/02/20
73/03/10
73/03/31
73/01*/ 1*»
73/0^/2H
73/05/12
73/06/10
73/06/30
73/08/26
73/09/25
TIMfc. 1
OF
DAY 1
09 <»5
10 ?0
09 ?0
10 15
09 lb
10 25
11 02
09 35
09 ?5
10 15
09 35
OH 00
FEET
N-TOTAL
MG/L
U.d30
0.330
1.660
i.;
i.:
1.16)
1.060
0.<
0 .'
0.61 )
o.3^7
J . '-»U U
0.410
TOf NJtL
N .
O.oOo
0 . 730
1. 100
\J .6uo
0 . ^BO
0.6BO
l.OSO
0 .fc- JO
0 . b60
1.260
u. 590
0.3 JO
0.3V 0
Nnj-iM
for ML
0.065
I.. 020
0.073
0 . u 3 1
0.0 HO
t/.o33
•j.056
./ • 0 C
M!GI.O
y.0br>
•j . 0 2 2
u . 'J 1 M
o . J 3n
00671
HhOS-UlS
U(i665
MG/L H
0.009
O.OObK
0.009
0 . 0 0 5K
u.007
0.007
0.007
0 . JOo
u .0 J5i\
j . u 1 3
0.011
0 . 0 0 7
0 . 0 0 c
MG/L
0 . 0 1 y
0.013
o.ol?
0.015
0.020
0.025
u.O 1 j
0.020
O.u 15
0.035
0 .025
0.02^
0 . 0 1 u
K VALUE MMOw'N TO •:)£.
LESS THAN IiMOICATEU
-------
STOkET RETRIEVAL DATt 7b/0?/'«t
Li>2bSi2di
tl 5b oO.u 08<» 20 30.0
LEPLtf LAiSE/LONG LAKu CONNECTON
26 /.5 COLOix
LAKt
KO dKOG £1.5 MI SSd COLON
iltPALES 2111204
H 0000 FEfcT DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/02
73/02/03
73/02/20
73/03/10
73/03/31
73/04/14
73/04/28
73/05/12
73/06/10
7J/06/30
73/08/21
73/09/2^
00630 U u 6 ? b
TIME OtPTH 'NiO?MN03 TOT t\Jt~L
OF M- TOTAL ivj
DAY FEET
09
08
08
08
09
10
0.1
08
09
ob
07
00
31
10
45
03
?6
38
21
30
SO
15
M(i/L
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
•J
1
u
U
0
u
.2^S
.91^+
.540
.8uO
.460
.300
.370
. S 0 -j
.040
.38J
,7?0
.630
.570
Ml)/L
1.650
1.350
1 .H7u
0 .S^O
u .841!
1 .4 f J
2.?00
1 . ? 0' v)
1.380
3.600
1 . 'i^O
1 . 4 £ U
U'.;olo Ou67i OJbbD
i\H3-N PHUS-OIS PHOb-IOT
TOTAL 'OUTHU
MG/L M(i/L
u.333
0 . 3v«+
J .'Jo8
•j.027
(' .082
:.i .03t>
0.10 '-
1 . .') 2 2
J . u 3 7
u . 0 3o
0.115
.; . 1 0 b
u . 2 L> U
0
0
J
0
0
u
0
u
u
0
j
j
j
.
.
.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
P
098
005K
Oil
OObK
OOb
Oil
JlU
007
012
uo 7
110
OObK
003
MG/L P
' u
0
•J
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
« 1 3*3
. 0 1 -)
.020
.02v/
.020
. O'+O
.o2S
.ub'j
.027
.041,
.220
.030
.llu
K VALOc KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN IMDICuTtU
-------
STOKcF kETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
269250 TF2&92SO
•»! 52 30.0 ud5 12 00.0
P002300
<:6 7.5 BWONSON N.
T/LONu LAKE
SWAN CHEEK
11EPALES 2141204
<* 0000 FEET DEPTH
OATE
FROM
TO
73/01/08
CP(T)-
73/01/08
73/02/08
CP(T)-
73/02/OH
73/03/06
CP(T)-
73/03/00
73/04/25
CP IT) -
73/04/25
73/05/31
CP-
73/05/31
73/06/22
CP(T>-
73/06/22
73/07/30
CP-
73/07/30
73/08/29
CPU1-
73/08/29
73/09/26
CP-
73/09/26
73/10/Od
CP(T)-
73/10/08
73/11/27
CP(T)-
73/11/27
73/12/27
CPIT1-
73/12/27
OJ630 00b?i 011610 00671 00665 50051 50053
TIME DEPTM N02oNU3 TOT KJtL Nn3-N PhOb-OIS PriOS-TOT FLOW CONOUIT
OF N-TOTAL N TOTAL 0*TlO RATE FLO«(-MGU
OAY FEET Mli/L MO/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P INST MOO MONTHLY
08
15
07
15
07
15
07
15
07
15
07
15
07
15
07
IS
07
15
J7
15
08
16
07
15
00
00
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
.10
30
30
30
00
00
30
30
1.000 5.300 0.054 3.800
5.300 7.700 0.064 j.000 3.800
H.foO lu.500 1.160 4.200 3.100
4.60u 8.500 O.OoSK 2.400 3.300
n.lUO 10.750 .1.280 3.900 5.400
7.900 8.800 0.048 4.0CO 5.000
7.400 12.000 0.500 4.600 6.000
10.100 0.2oO 5.600 7.350
9. Ode 11.000 1.320 5.HOO 8. 750
9.7i,C lfc.500 J.OOO /.030 ll.bOO
7.20u lo.i.'OO 3.JJO 5.900 10. 000
f.Hl/O 15.b-.'0 4.200 5.70« 6. /OO
0.578
0.408
0.408
0.697
0.428
0.409
0.423
0.294
0.251
0.252
0.297
0.251
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
299
502
404
494
608
458
438
386
330
280
235
234
K VALUE KNO"N TO bt
LESS THAN IMOICATEO
-------
STOKET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
00630
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03
FROM OF N-TOTAL
TO DAY FEET MG/L
74/01/30 08 30
CP(T>-
74/01/30 15 30
S.300
14.000
26*250 TF269250 P002300
41 t>2 30.0 085 12 00.0
bKONSON
£6 7.5 BKONSON N.
1YLONG LAKE
ba/AN C«EE^
11EPALES 2141204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00b£5
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
00b71
PhOS-DIS
OKTHO
MG/L P
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
50051
FLOW
RATE
INST MGD
50053
CONDUIT
FLO^-MGD
MONTHLY
'j.860
4.400
5.500
0.407
0.240
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