U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
.
REPORT
ON
WHITE LAKE
rUSKEGON COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 217
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
WGPO 697.032
-------
REPORT
ON
WHITE LAKE
MUSKEGON COUN1Y
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 217
204
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
MARCH, 1975
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CONTENTS
N
Page
Foreword i i
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 7
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identifying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwin
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
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LAKE
MICHIGAN
WHITE LAKE
8 Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
f Sewage Treatment Facility
(s~~\ Direct Drainage Area Limits
^ Indirect Drainage Area
o 234 5 Mi.
Scale
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WHITE LAKE
STORE! NO. 2688
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data and the records of others (Robinson et al.,
1967) show that White Lake is eutrophic. Of the 35 Michigan
lakes sampled in November when essentially all were well-mixed,
nine had less mean total phosphorus, 12 had less mean dissolved
phosphorus, and 11 had less mean inorganic nitrogen; of all 41
lakes sampled, six had greater Secchi disc transparency, and
eight had less mean chlorophyll a*. Marked depression of dis-
solved oxygen at and below 27 feet occurred at stations 2 and
3 in September, 1972.
Ketelle and Uttormark (1971) reported that excessive algal
and aquatic weed growths occur regularly in White Lake.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
There was a significant loss of phosphorus in the algal assay
sample, and the results are not representative of conditions in
the lake at the time the sample was taken. The lake data indi-
cate nitrogen limitation in June and September but phosphorus
limitation in November.
* See Appendix A.
-------
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, White Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate about 1.5 times
the rate proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous";
i.e., a eutrophic rate (see page 11). However, White Lake
has a relatively short mean hydraulic retention time of 56
days, and Vollenweider's model may not be applicable.
The City of Whitehall no longer impacts White Lake, and
the other point sources considered in this report either have
or soon will terminate their discharges (Bastian, 1974).
It is calculated that elimination of these discharges will
reduce the phosphorus loading rate to 14.6 Ibs/acre/yr or 1.64
2
g/m /yr. While this rate will still exceed the eutrophic rate,
in view of the short hydraulic retention time and the question-
able applicability of Vollenweider's model, it is believed the
lower loading rate will at least reduce the incidence and
severity of nuisance algal blooms as well as provide additional
protection for Lake Michigan.
2. Non-point sources (see page ll)--During the sampling year,
the phosphorus export of the White River was somewhat high as
compared to the exports of Michigan streams studied elsewhere.
This relatively high export and the export N/P ratio indicate a
possible point source in the drainage beyond the 25-mile limit of
the Survey*.
See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 2,571 acres.
2. Mean depth: 22.5 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 70+ feet.
4. Volume: 57,940 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 56 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
White River ' 481.0 mi2 495.1 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 24.0 mi 27.2 cfs
Totals 505.0 mi2 522.3 cfs
2. Outlet -
White River 509.0 mi2** 522.3 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 31.0 inches.
2. Mean annual: 31.4 inches.
t Robinson, Cosens, & Mills, 1967.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
drainage areas are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
White Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
three stations on the lake and from two or more depths at each sta-
tion (see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated
(15 feet to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phyto-
plankton identification and enumeration; and during the second visit,
a single five-gallon depth-integrated sample was composited for algal
assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from
each of the stations for chlorophyll ^analysis. The maximum depths
sampled were 21 feet at station 1, 54 feet at station 2, and 34 feet
at station 3.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
is based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix C.
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A.
B.
Physical and chemical characteristics:
FALL VALUES
Parameter Minimum
Temperature (Cent.) 6.9
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1) 10.2
Conductivity (ymhos) 460
pH (units) 7.8
Alkalinity (mg/1) 131
Total P (mg/1) 0.026
Dissolved P (mg/1) 0.018
N0? + NO, (mg/1) 0.130
Ammonia frng/l) 0.210
Secchi disc (inches) 60
Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton* -
Sampling
Date
09/18/72
(11/14/72)
Mean Median
Maximum
7.0
10.3
471
7.9
135
0.027
0.019
0.141
0.226
7.0
10.4
470
7.9
135
0.027
0.019
0.140
0.230
7.1
10.4
480
7.9
138
0.031
0.021
0.160
0.230
ALL VALUES
82
11/14/72
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Fragilaria
Melosira
Anabaena
Flagellates
Microcystis
Other genera
Total
Melosira
Fragilaria
Synedra
Aphanothece
Cyclotella
Other genera
72
108
Number
per ml
1,135
961
376
202
103
629
3,406
Total
4,576
* The June sample was lost in shipment.
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2. Chlorophyll a_ -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a_
Date Number (yg/1)
06/13/72 01 15.5
02 18.9
03 14.8
09/18/72 01 6.9
02 16.0
03 7.2
11/14/72 01 1.2
02 1.2
03 1.2
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
More than half of the dissolved phosphorus in the algal assay
sample was lost between the time of collection and the beginning
of the assay, and the results are not representative of conditions
in the lake at the time the sample was collected (09/18/72).
The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation in June and Sep-
tember (N/P ratios were 10/1) but phosphorus limitation in Nov-
ember (N/P = 19/1).
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the
tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the months
of April and June, when two samples were collected, and November when
samples were omitted. Sampling was begun in October, 1972, and was
completed in September, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the Michigan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for the White River were deter-
mined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("II" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated
by using the mean concentrations in Cleveland Creek at station B-l and
the mean II flow.
The operation of the Whitehall primary wastewater treatment plant
was discontinued in July, 1973, when the Whitehall/Montague land dis-
posal system became operative; however, only two effluent samples were
submitted for analysis during the 10-month operating period of the
plant. Therefore, the nutrient loads attributed to the Whitehall STP
See Working Paper No. 1.
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8
were estimated at 2.5 Ibs P and 7.5 Ibs N/capita/year and were adjusted
for the ten months of operation during the sampling year.
The Whitehall Leather Company and Hooker Chemical Company continued
discharging to White Lake throughout the sampling year. Reportedly
(Robinson, Cosens, & Mills, 1967), the Whitehall Leather Company
discharges about three pounds of total phosphorus and 193 pounds of
inorganic nitrogen daily, while the Hooker Chemical Company discharges
about one pound of total phosphorus per day and essentially no inorganic
nitrogen. These values were used to estimate the annual loads from
these sources.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Name
Pop.
Served
Treatment
Whitehall 3,017* land disp.
2. Known industrial*** -
Name
Product
Hooker chems.
Chem. Co.
Whitehall leather
Leather Co.
Treatment
?
?
Mean Receiving
Flow (mgd) Water
0.431** None
Mean Receiving
Flow (mgd) Water
9.200
1.190
White Lake
White Lake
* 1970 Census.
** Based on limited flow data provided by operator.
*** Robinson, Cosens, & Mills, 1967.
t Wetzel, 1973.
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B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Sampling Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yj; total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
White River 36,520 80.5
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 480 1.1
c. Known municipal STP's -
Whitehall (10 mos.) 6,290 13.9
d. Septic tanks* - 230 0.5
e. Known industrial -
Hooker Chemical Company 360 0.8
Whitehall Leather Company 1,100 2.4
f. Direct precipitation** - 400 0.8
Total 45,380 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - White River 35,230
3. Net annual P accumulation - 10,150 pounds
* Estimate based on 375 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Sampling Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs N/ % of
Source y_r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
White River 851,020 83.7
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 35,390 6.4
c. Known municipal STP's -
Whitehall (lOmos.) 18,860 1.5
d. Septic tanks* - 8,810 0.7
e. Known industrial -
Hooker Chemical Company
Whitehall Leather Company 70,440 5.7
f. Direct precipitation** - 24,770 2.0
Total 1,009,290 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - White River 802,730
3. Net annual N accumulation - 206,560 pounds
* Estimate based on 375 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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11
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
2 2
Tributary Ibs P/mi /yr Ibs N/mi /yr
White River 76 1,769
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units
Ibs/acre/yr
grams/mVyr
Total
17.7
1.98
Accumulated
3.9
0.44
Total
392.6
44.0
Accumulated
80.3
9.0
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of White Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 1.28
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.64
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Bastian, Robert K., 1974. Personal communication (Muskegon County
wastewater management systems). EPA Proj. Support Off., Muskegon.
Ketelle, Martha J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971. Problem lakes of
the United States. EPA Water Poll. Contr. Res. Ser., Proj.
16010 EHR.
Robinson, John, John Cosens, and Blanchard Mills; 1967. White Lake
nutrient survey, Muskegon County. MI Dept. Nat. Resources,
Lansing.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz.
Z. Hydro!.
Wetzel, Michael, 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Whitehall
STP). MI Dept. Nat. Resources, Lansing.
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13
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26A1 CARD RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAROMAN HYDRO PONO
2603 ALLE6AN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOU
2618 LAKE CHEHUNG
2621 CONSTANT INE RESERVOIR
2629 FORO LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
2643 KENT LAKE
26<>8 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
26B3 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
26BS WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
— FALL VALUES
MEAN MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P DISS P INORG N
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
6.02S
0.109
0.007
0.044 '
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.180
0.040
0.197
0.01B
0.087
0.027
0.246
0.026
0.034
0.016
0.042
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
0.043
0.022
O.OOS
0.057
0.086
0.048
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.014
0.008
0.058
0.342 '
0.144
0.015
0.120
0.010
0.043
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
0.008
0.032
0.064
0.019
U.241
0.148
1.461
3.835
0.358
1.168
1.489
1.420
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
, 1.536
1.406
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.304
0.469
0.496
0.618
0.183
0.460
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.749
500-
MEAN SEC
439.375
473.000
363.500
470.222
456.167
465.250
461.667
456.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
441.667
427.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
.457.333
435.500
465.333
4SB.750
442.833
455.500
417.778
451.667
418.400
-ALL VALUES--
MEAN
CHLORA
10.67H
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
44.233
3.008
13.483
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.944
25.600 -
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
10.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIN 00
' 9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
8.200
7.400
7.500
9.240
14. BOO
7.500
14.000
14.600
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.380
14.800
14.800
8.020
9.600
B.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.600
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
26V5 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
rAt-u VAt.ut.3-
MEAN
OISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
0.050
MEAN
INORG N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
SCO-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLORA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN DO
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES
: 24)
: in
5)
7)
: 28)
; 12)
: 29)
33)
: 14)
: 4>
; a)
1 2)
I 22)
1 1)
I 27)
1 19)
I 18)
1 15).
! 30)
I 20)
( 26).
( 3)
I 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
I 20)
( 1)
( 32)
( 2)
( 9)
( 4)
< 6)
< 12)
( 33)
( 30)
( 9)
( 9)
( 19)
( 24)
( 14)
( 0)
( 16)
( 21)
( 23)
( 8)
( 22)
( 3)
( 7)
( 18)
( 13)
( 2tt>
( 15)
( 27)
— ALL VALUtb
MEAN
CHLORA
60 I
49 <
94 {
29 (
14 (
a (
86 1
0 (
89 1
46 I
3 1
37 1
9 I
26 1
6 1
23 1
80 1
69 1
31 1
20 1
77 1
63 i
43 i
40
34 i
74
17
66
21)
17)
1 33)
10)
5)
4)
30)
: o)
: 3D
: 16)
: i)
; 13)
; 3)
: 9>
[ 2)
! 8)
I 28)
I 241
I 11)
1 7)
I 27)
1 22)
1 15)
( 14)
( 12)
( 26)
( 6)
( 23)
15-
M1N 00
63
54
97
40
3
79
94
90
60
11
90
23
11
0
36
43
46
11
11
86
51
79
71
49
79
31
20
27
( 22)
( 19)
( 34)
( 14)
( 1)
<" 26)
( 33)
( 31)
( 21)
( 2)
( 31)
( a>
( 2)
I 0)
( 12)
( 15)
( 16)
( 2)
( 2)
( 30)
( 18)
( 26)
( 25)
( 17)
( 26)
( ID
( 7)
< 9)
1NUEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
508
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
123
2J9
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P DISS P
17
89
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
(31)
( 33)
( 29)
( 18)
( 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
86
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
( 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
( 25)
( 17)
bOO-
MEAN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
1 26)
MEAN 15-
CHLORA MIN DO
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
< 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
2*9
483
536
481
305
354
2d4
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLO* INFORMATION FOR MICHIGAN
LAKE CODE 26S8
wiire LAKE
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKEISU Ml) 509.00
FEb MAR
SUB-DRAINAGE
TRIbUTARY AREAtSQ MI)
J«N
MAf
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CFS)
JUN ML AUG
2/3/75
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
MEAN
2688A1
2688A2
268B2Z
509.00
481.00
28.00
502.41 502.41 712.25 879.72
<»72.00 472. C-0 669. uO 827.00
26.00 26.00 37.00 45.00
623.46
565.00
33.00
449.
<*23.
23.
95
00
00
3.54.
3b3.
18.
10
00
00
359.15 412.62
338.00 387.00
18.00 22.00
430.78
405.00
22.00
533.68
502.00
27.00
blO.48
531.00
29.00
522.24
495.09
27.15
SUMMARY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE =
SUM OF SOB-DRAINAGE AREAS =
509.
509.
00
00
TOTAL FLOW IN =
TOTAL FLO* OUT =
6270
6271
.00
.00
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS (Cf-S)
TRIBUTARY
2688A1
2688A2
2688ZZ
MONTH
YEAR
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
7?
n
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
M FLOW
478.00
<«97.00
500.00
859.00
623.00
872.00
760.00
823.00
582.00
377.00
343.00
322.00
453.00
471.00
474.00
H14.00
591.00
827.00
720.00
780.00
551.00
357.00
325.00
305.00
25.00
26.00
26. uO
<*5.CO
32.00
45.00
40.00
31 .uO
20.00
1 H . 0 0
17.00
DAY
29
3
7
4
4
4
10
5
10
25
27
29
3
7
4
4
4
10
5
10
25
27
I-LOW DAY
728.00
45U.OO
697.00
807.00
1070.00
839.00 26
1180.00
74V.OO 24
364.00 22
338.00
334.00
690.00
434. OJ
660.00
765.00
1020.00
79S.JO 26
1120.00
?10. 00 24
3t5.00 22
320.00
316.00
FLOW
838.00
442.00
334.00
794.00
419.00
310.00
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL UATt 75/08/04
2bd801
43 24 00.U 086 21 30.0
wHITt LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE TIME DEPTH
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
72/06/13
72/09/18
72/11/14
16 35 0000
16 35 0015
15 05 0000
15 05 0004
15 05 0015
10 0000
10 0004
10 0015
10 0021
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
19.4
18.3
21.2
19.b
6.9
6.9
6.9
00300
DO
MG/L
10.7
10.4
7.2
1
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/U4
268802
43 22 30.0 085 25 00.0
•vHITE LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE
FROM
TO
72/06/13
72/09/18
72/11/14
OC010
TIME DEPTH UATtR
OF TtMP
DAY FEET
17
17
17
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
10
10
10
10
10
10
00
00
00
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
20
20
20
20
?0
20
0000
0015
0030
0000
0004
0015
0020
0026
0033
U040
0047
0000
0004
0015
0025
0040
0054
CENT
18
17
12
19
19
19
18
17
16
16
7
7
7
7
6
.3
.6
.3
.3
.1
.0
.9
.3
.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.00300
DO
MG/L
9'
9
6
9
8
7
1
2
2
1
10
lu
lo
10
10
.6
.7
.3
.4
.0
.6
.<+
.2
.8
.6
.^
.4
.3
.3
.4
UEPALtS
.00300
DO
MG/L
9'. 6
9.7
6.3
9.4
8.0
7.6
7.<+
2.2
2.8
1.6
10. ^
10.4
10.3
10.3
10.4
U0077 '00094
TriANSH CNDUCTVY
SECCHI flELL)
INCHES MICtWMHG
80 470
420
4tO
72 400
400
<»10
42u
400
<»3u
<»00
42b
108 470
470
47u
470
480
480
6
00400
PH
su
tt.55
8.55
8. Id
B.9j
8.90
8.70
8.65
8.6u
7.9b
8.00
7.90
7.90
7.9u
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.9u
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
146
146
140
128
128
128
127
125
126
126
126
133
135
135
136
138
. 138
2111202
0040
00630
N02e>NU3
N-TUTAL
MG/L
0.070
0.050
0.120
0.020
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.040
0.070
0.070
0.070
0.140
0.140
0.140
0.140
0.140
0.140
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.080
0.220
0.040
0.030
0.050
0.070
0.100
0.410
0.370
0.430
0.230
0.230
0.220
0.220
0.230
0.230
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.023
0.0.17
0.020
0.021
0.019
0.021
0.020
0.022
0.064
0.057
0.097
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.026
0.028
00666
PHOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.015
0.010
0.016
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.011
0.014
0.051
0,047
0.061
0.019
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.020
0.018
DATE TIME DEPTH
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
72/06/13 17 00 0000
72/09/18 15 45 0000
72/11/14 10 20 uOOO
A
Ub/L
18. 9j
16. JJ
1.2J
J V/JL'JE KN'On'N TO
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
268603
43 23 00.0 086 22 00.0
WHITE LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE
FROM
TO
72/06/13
72/09/18
72/11/14
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
17 40
17 40
0000
0015
15 25 0000
15 25 0004
15 25 0015
15 25 0020
15 25 0027
15 25 0034
10 50
10 50
10
10
0000
0004
50 0015
50 0020
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
19.4
16.8
19.9
19.1
18.9
18.2
17.4
7.1
7.1
7.1
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLRPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET UG/L
72/06/13 17 40 0000 14.8J
72/09/18 15 25 0000 7.2J
72/11/14 10 50 0000 1.2J
00300
DO
MG/L
10.5
8.9
9.3
7.5
7.3
3.9
3.7
10.4
10.4
10.4
00077
TRANSP
SECCHI
INCHES
72
72
108
00094
CNDUCT\/Y
FIELD
MICWOMHO
440
460
415
405
flu
430
420
420
460
460
460
460
11EPALES
b
00
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY and WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
2688A1 LS2688A1
43 22 30.0 08fa 25 30.0
WHITE RIVER
26 15 MONTAGUE
O/WHITE RIVER
SAMPLE OUTLT CHANL N EDGE OF rfABANINGO
ilEPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/03
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/04/04
73/04/26
73/05/10
73/06/05
73/06/24
73/07/10
73/07/22
73/08/25
73/09/27
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
10
15
10
18
07
09
18
13
14
07
10
18
45
30
45
10
45
15
20
10
30
00
00
30
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.130
.270
.310
.330
.231
.105
.147
.056
.023
.040
.017
.084
.105
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.500
.850
.960
.330
.540
.540
.540
.480
.460
.800
.050
.580
.640
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 0
.176
.075
.086
.072
.126
.014
.017
.039
.028
.066
.009
.011
.080
00671 00665
PHOS-DIS PHOS-TOT
ORTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
' 0.
—0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
P
016
Oil
Oil
016
005K
005K
005K
006
010
012
012
009
009
MG/L P
0.035
0.024
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.020
0.035
0.030
0.030
0.050
0.060
0.035
0.040
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
268bA2 LS2688A2
43 25 30.0 086 19 30.0
WHITE KIVEK
26 15 MONTAGUE
I/WhITE LAKE
brtDG ON US31 NE WHITEHALL
HEPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET
DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/03
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/04/04
73/04/26
73/05/10
73/06/05
73/06/24
73/07/10
73/07/22
73/08/25
73/09/27
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
11
10
15
10
09
17
06
08
19
11
12
07
10
17
05
00
00
15
40
30
00
45
25
50
00
30
15
30
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.068
.280
.260
.320
.399
.063
.025
.022
.080
.010K
.168
.093
.168
.105
• MG/L
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.600
.910
.630
.310
.500
.420
.880
.700
.600
.500
.340
.980
.390
.340
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOb-DIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0.
' 0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
160
078
027
024
052
U46
048
044
042
036
034
198
032
089
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
012
Oil
010
010
014
010
Oil
012
027
032
018
016
022
016
MG/L P
0.029
0.018
0.022
0.030
0.035
0.025
0.025
0.035
0.060
0.077
0.050
0.030
0.045
0.040
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
2668A3 LS2688A3
43 28 00.0 086 14 00.0
WHITE KIVEK
26 Ib TWIN LAKE
T/vuHiTE LAKE
CO RD BRDG 1 MI NX BIG BLUELAKE
HEPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/03
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/04/04
73/04/26
73/05/10
73/06/05
73/06/24
73/07/10
73/07/22
73/08/25
73/09/27
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02S.N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
10
09
14
09
09
17
08
08
18
12
12
07
10
17
30
35
30
45
15
25
45
00
55
10
35
45
30
10
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.117
.280
.300
.340
.490
.176
.098
.100
.176
.240
.189
.120
.220
.110
MG/L
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
600
360
990
440
800
340
600
320
520
520
980
380
460
210
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-DIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.105
.026
.056
.063
.138
.036
.025
.058
.032
.046
.084
.050
.026
.038
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
U.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
012
010
Oil
012
020
009
016
018
027
030
015
012
019
010
MG/L P
0.028
0.017
0.021
0.025
0.060
0.020
0.040
0.047
0.065
0.07S
0.050
0.030
0.050
0.025
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
2b8881 L52688B1
«*3 2b 30.0 Ofcl6 It 00.0
CLEVtLANU WEEK
26 15 TWIN LAKE
T/wHlTE LAKE
CO RD BRUG 4 Ml N OF LAKEWOOD
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/03
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/04/04
73/04/26
73/05/10
73/06/05
73/06/24
73/07/10
73/07/22
73/08/25
73/09/27
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH (M02&N03 TUT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
10
09
14
09
08
17
08
07
19
12
12
08
10
17
40
30
30
15
45
20
30
30
10
20
50
00
50
00
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
067
020
072
026
035
019
010K
013
013
015
018
034
010K
023
MG/L
1.
2.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
650
000
580
100K
190
100K
240
150
660
5?0
230
770
340
330
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-DIS PHOb-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12u
.067
.032
.015
.029
.014
.011
.Ola
.017
.022
.02ft
.032
.024
.054
MG/L P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
G
0
0
.005K
.005K
.005K
.005K
.006
.005*
.005K
.005K
.005K
.Ou5K
.005K
.006
.OOb
MG/L P
0.007
0.009
0.003
0.005K
O.OlU
0.010
0.005K
0.015
O.Olb
0.01G
0.010
0.005K
O.UlO
0.010
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
00630
DATE TIME DEPTH N026.N03
FROM OF N-TOTAL
TO DAY FEET MG/L
73/02/12 00 00
CP
------- |