U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
GLENADALAKE
HIGHLANDS COUNTY
FLORIDA
EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 253
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•&G.P.O. 699-440
-------
c
REPORT
ON
GLfNADA LAKE
HIGHLANDS COUNTY
FLORIDA
EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 253
o
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
AND THE
FLORIDA NATIONAL GUARD
OCTOBER, 1977
-------
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword 11
List of Florida Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Introduction 1
II. Conclusions 1
III. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
IV. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
V. Literature Reviewed 8
VI. Appendices 9
-------
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey v/as initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey v/as designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshv/ater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be n0.de.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [S303(c)]» clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Hater Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
iii
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships betv/een land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT '
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Florida Department of Environ-
mental Regulation for professional involvement and to the Florida
National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling phase of the
Survey.
Joseph W. Landers, Jr., Secretary of the Department of Environ-
mental Regulation; John A Redmond, former Director of the Division
of Planning, Technical Assistance, and Grants; and Dr. Tim S. Stuart,
Chie^ of the Bureau of Water Quality, provided invaluable lake docu-
mentation and counsel during the survey, reviewed the preliminary
reports, and provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this
Working Paper series.
Major General Henry W. McMillan (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Florida, and Project Officer Colonel Hugo F. Windham,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Florida National Guard,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
-------
1v
LAKE NAME
Alligator
Apopka
Banana
Crescent
Doctors
Dora
East Tohopekaliga
Effie
Eloise
George
Gibson
Glenada
Griffin
Hatnes
Hancock
Horseshoe
Howe!1
Istokpoga
Jessie
Jcssup
Kissimmee
Lawne
Lulu
Marion
Minnehaha
Mtnneola
Monroe
Munson
Okeechobee
Poinsett
Reedy
Senvinole
Semi nole
South
Talquin
Tarpon
Thonotosassa
Tohopelcaliga
Trout
Weohyakapka
Yale
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF FLORIDA
COUNTY
Columbia
Lake, Orange
Polk
Flagler, Putnam
Clay
Lake
Osceola
Polk
Pol k
Putnam, Volusia
Polk
Highlands
Lake
Polk
Pol k
Seminole
Orange, Seminole
Highlands
Polk
Seminole
Osceola
Orange
Polk
Polk
Orange
Lake
Seminole, Volusia
Leon
Glades, Hendry, Martin,
Okeechobee, Palm Beach
Brevard, Orange, Osceola
Polk
Jackson, FL; Decatur,
Seminole, GA
Pinellas
Brevard
Gadsden, Leon
Pinellas
Htllsborough
Osceola
Lake
Polk
Lake
-------
LAKE GLENADA
X Lake Sampling Site
-------
GLENADA LAKE
STORE! NO. 1212
I. INTRODUCTION
Glenada Lake was included in the National Eutrophication Survey as
a water body of interest to the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation. Tributaries and nutrient sources were not sampled, and
this report relates only to the lake data.
The city of Avon Park operates a treatment plant with an average
flow of 1,135.6 m3/day which discharges to a polishing pond then to
Glenada Lake*. The plant is scheduled to discharge to a percolation
pond by the fall of 1976.
II. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Glenada Lake is eutrophic.
It ranked twenty-third in overall trophic quality when the 41
Florida lakes sampled in 1973 were compared using an index of
six parameters**. Twenty-three of the lakes had less median total
phosphorus, 25 had less median dissolved phosphorus, 18 had less
and one had the same median inorganic nitrogen, 19 had less mean
chlorophyll a^, and six had greater mean Secchi disc transparency.
Marked depression of dissolved oxygen with depth occurred at both
sampling stations in March.
Survey limnologists observed floating and emergent vegetation
at both sampling stations.
* Anonymous, 1971.
** See Appendix A.
-------
2
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The algal assay results indicate Glenada Lake was limited by
nitrogen at the time the sample was collected (03/13/73). The
lake data indicate nitrogen limitation at all sampling stations
and times.
-------
III. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS1
A. Lake Morphometry*:
1. Surface area: 0.72 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 4.5 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 8.4 meters.
4. Volume: 3.240 x 106 m3.
B. Precipitation**:
1. Year of sampling: 126.9 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 143.5 centimeters.
t Table of metric conversions—Appendix B.
* No bathymetric map available; surface area obtained from D.S.G.S. quad-
rangle map; depths estimated from soundings reported in Appendix D.
** See Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods, 1973-1976".
-------
4
IV. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Glenada Lake was sampled three times in 1973 by means of a pontoon-
equipped Huey helicopter. Each time, samples for physical and chemical
parameters were collected from a number of depths at two stations
on the lake (see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-
integrated (4.6. m or near bottom to surface) sample was composited
from the stations for phytoplankton identification and enumeration;
and during the first visit, a single 18.9-liter depth-integrated
sample was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-
integrated sample was collected from each of the stations for chloro-
phyll a_ analysis. The maximum depths sampled were 8.5 meters at
station 1 and 6.4 meters at station 2.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix C and
are summarized in the following table.
-------
PARAMETER
TEMP
DISS OXY (MG/L)
CNDCTVY
-------
B. Biological Characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
03/13/73
09/05/73
11/07/73
2. Chlorophyll a_ -
Sampl i ng
Date
03/13/73
09/05/73
11/07/73
Dominant
Genera
1. Flagellates
2. Scenedesmus sp_.
3. Chroococcus sp.
4. Nitzschia sp.
5. Anabaena sp.
Other genera
Total
1. Microcystis sp.
2. Kirchneriella sp.
3. Flagellates
4. Dactylococcopsis sp_.
5. Chroococcus sp.
Other genera
Total
1. Qscillatoria sp.
2. Dactylococcopsis sp.
3. Chroococcus sp_.
4. Ankistrodesmus sp.
5. Microcystis sp_.
Other genera
Total
Station
Number
1
2
1
2
1
2
Algal Units
per_m]_
1,144
1,114
783
602
512
1.959
6,114
4,312
2,002
1,386
1,232
924
8,008
17,864
16,940
12,980
8,800
4,248
3,960
9,900
56,828
Chlorophyll a
61.9
20.8
6.5
32.3
24.0
20.5
-------
7
. C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N Maximum yield
Spike (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) (mg/1-dry wt.)
Control 0.138 0.508 6.3
0.050 P 0.188 0.508 6.1
0.050 P + 1.0 N 0.188 1.508 18.8
1.0 N 0.138 1.508 18.8
2. Discussion -
The control yield of the assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
of Glenada Lake was high at the time the sample was collected.
The results also indicate nitrogen limitation. Note that the
addition of orthophosphorus alone did not result in an increase
in yield, but the addition of nitrogen alone resulted in a
yield significantly greater than that of the control.
The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation at all sampling
times; i.e., the mean inorganic nitrogen to orthophosphorus
ratios were 11 to 1 or less, and nitrogen limitation would be
expected.
-------
8
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Anonymous, 1971. Inventory of municipal waste facilities. EPA
Publ. OWP-1, vol. 4, Wash., DC.
-------
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
1201 ALLIGATOR LAKE
1303 LAKE APOPKA
U03 LAKE BANANA
1206 LAKE CRESCENT
1207 DOCTORS LAKE
1203 LAKE DORA
1209 LAKE EFFIE
1210 LAKE GEORGE
1211 LAKE GIBSON
1212 GLENADA LAKE
1214 LAKE GRIFFIN
1215 LAKE HAINES
1217 LAKE HANCOCK
1219 LAKE HORSESHOE
1220 LAKE HOHELL
1221 LAKE ISTOKPOGA
1223 LAKE JESSUP
122* LAKE KISSIMMEE
1227 LAKE LULU
1228 LAKE MARION
1229 LAKE MINN£HAHA
1230 LAKE MINNEOLA
1231 LAKE KONROE
1232 LAKE OKEECH03EE
123* LAKE POINSETT
1236 LAKE REEOY
1233 LAKE SOUTH
1239 LAKE TALCUIN
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.620
0.102
0.660
0.065
0.084
0.102
1.480
0.129
0.167
0.134
0.119
0.063
0.772
0.034
1.260
0.039
0.492
0.034
1.490
0.044
0.038
0.018
0.1SS
0.063
0.085
0.033
0.074
0.085
MEDIAN
INOrtG N
0.260
0.230
0.260
0.130
0.120
0.240
0.410
0.165
0.115
0.165
0.260
0.115
0.195
0.130
0.285
0.120
0.2.90
0.14S
1.065
0.360
0.060
0.070
0.300
0.185
0.150
0.330
0.139
3.290
500-
MEAN SEC
474.000
484.176
482.667
473.889
465.555
482.889
489.000
469.308
470.000
454.167
- 481.333
462.667
483.500
459.000
464.000
464.222
487.000
463.667
483.000
463.833
435.000
406.333
474.555
472.366
469. OCO
468.500
464.005
462.167
MEAN
CHLORA
87.733
46.611
208.600
10.211
27.100
59.978
261.433
35.000
19.675
27.667
66.855 .
26.567
97.900
12.067
54.117
6.594
76.550
24.142
276.566
29.967
8.733
3.333
14.225
14.524
6.500
34.837
23.167
9.483
15-
HIN DO
13.100
8.200
3.600
10.200
10.600
7.400
15.000
11.000
10.200
14.700
6.600
10.600
5.600
11.500
9.000
8.600
7.600
8.800
14.300
7.600
7.700
7.400
lo.eoo
9.800
10.600
10.600
9.000
14.400
MEDIAN
OISS ORTHO P
0.336
0.019
0.293
0.033
0.028
0.022
0.950
0.063
0.069
0.072
0.038
0.014
0.158
0.023
1.175
0.010
0.288
0.007
1.030
0.016
0.012
0.009
0.128
0.010
0.051
0.008
0.028
0.031
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
LAKE THONOTOSASSA
1241 LAKE TOHCPEKALIGA
1242 TROUT LAKE
1243 LAKE WEOHYAKAPKA
1246 LAKE YALE
12*7 LAKE MUNSON
1248 LAKE SfMINOLE
1249 LAKE LAWNc
1250 LAKE TARPON
1252 LAKE ELOISE
1258 LAKE JESSIE
1261 EAST LAKE TCMOPEXALIGA
1264 PAYNE'S PRAIRIE LAKE (NO
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.695
0.246
1.110
0.047
0.027
1.475
0.234
2.560
0.041
0.466
0.051
0.042
1.260
MEDIAN
INORG N
0.095
0.200
0.650
0.080
0.160
0.925
0.175
1.3SO
0.070
0.170
0.-.090
0.070
O.'l40
500-
MEAN sec
466.167
472.917
472.000
458.667
441.000
466.667
473.833
494.667
400.889
465.333
452.667
. 440.833
476.000
MEAN
CKLORA
37.700
30.633
76.967
7.767
25.367
140.317
102.000
84.900
6.857
70.233
26.300
5.167
86.200
15-
MIN DO
10.200
10.500
12.900
8.200
7.600
12.200
8.600
10.400
9.000
12.200
10.890
9.400
7o400
MEDIAN
OISS ORTHO P
0.565
0.152
0.970
0.011
0.014
0.852
0.026
0.117
0.027
0.339
0.011
0.007
1.210
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES
-------
DE«CF.NTPE9CENTtOFalA'KESl*IT.H HIGHER VAL'UES* 0 IJigfcOK' CAKEOIflONOTOSASSA
L1.2<1 KLAKEKTOIilCREKALIGA
LIROUT LAKE
J2<.6 Lt2S6Y£LAKE YALE
12<>7 LfcB*'7KL't,'AISB HUNSON
12'«*fOlAv MEDIANLJI.*^
TOTAL PTOTAIi\B>TG-
20 f
33 (
15 (
75 (
93 (
a (
35 J
0 (
83 (
30 (
73 (
GO (
11 (
•. 820
1333
615
3075
399B
3)8
1^35
010
3383
1230
2-773
3280
411
I 88) >
( 13) (
( 6) (
( 30) !
( 39) (
( 3) (
( »«><
( 0) (
( 33) (
( 12) (
( 89) (
( 32) (
( 64) (
. MEDIAN..,!)-
NlNORGtNM if
3*85
Ift40
jta
3691
21,58
3)5
1948
0)0
3398
2050
3563
3J98
2665
( 34) (
( £6) 1
( O) «
( 36) <
( 23) (
< B) (
( £9) (
( 0) (
(138) (
'. 23) (
( 35) <
( 33' (
< 26) (
500- SKAN MEAN
:HEAN SEC-.LOH . CHLORA
2358 1
1538 (
17*3 (
3383 <
3690 1
3)8 <
1435 I
0)0 I
4100 <
2563
3588
3793
1025
: 23) t
1 15) 1
I IT) (
t 33) (
! 3d) (
1 3) (
1 !«)(
1 20) <
I 40) t
( 23) (
( 35) <
( 338) (
I 10) (
1640
1948
923
3588
2563
3)8
410
820
3690
1128
2460
3998
615
( 16)
< 19)
( 9)
( 35)
< 25)
( 3)
( 4)
( 8)
(36)
(11)
33)
39)
0)
INDEX
NO
266
229
110
495
467
58
260
98
491
207
419
523
206
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME • INDEX NO
i 1230 LAKE MINNEOLA . 579
Z 1261 EAST LAKE TCHOPEKALIGA 523
3 1229 LAKE MINNEHAHA 517
4 1243 LAKE toEOHYAKAPKA 495
5 1250 LAKE TARPON 491
6 1221 LAKE ISTOKPOGA 477
7 1246 LAKE YALE 467
8 1224 LAKE KISSIHKEE 455
9 1258 LAKE JESSIE 419
10 1219 LAKE HORSESHOE 406
11 1215 LAKE HAINES 396
12 1238 LAKE SOUTH 386
13 1232 LAKE OKEECHOBEE 368
14 1228 LAKE MARION 366
15 1236 LAKE CRESCENT 346
16 1234 LAKE POIJs'SETT 342
17 1207 DOCTORS LAKE 341
18 1236 LAKE REEDY 337
19 1211 LAKE GIBSON 3?4
20 1208 LAKE DORA 297
21 1239 LAKE TAUQUIN 294
22 1202 LAKE APOPKA 280
23 1212 GLENADA L'AKE 276
24 1214 LAKE GRIFFIN 273
25 1240 LAKE TKONOTOSASSA 266
26 1248 LAKE SEHINOLE 260
27 1210 LAKE GEORGE 256
28 1241 LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA 229
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
29 1231 LAKE MONROE . 215
30 1217 LAKE HANCOCK 213
31 1252 LAKE ELOISE 207
32 1264 PAYNE'S PRAIRIE LAKE (NO 206
33 1220 LAKE HOWELL 201
34 1203 LAKE BANANA 200
35 1223 LAKE JESSUP 134
36 1201 ALLIGATOR LAKE 130
37 1242 TROUT LAKE 110
38 U-49 LAKE LAWNE 98
39 1247 LAKE MUNSON 58
40 1227 LAKE LULU 34
41 1209 LAKE EFrlE 31
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet v
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 ~4 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 ~ square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 - cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 - inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 - Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
121201
27 33 53.0 081 30 35.0
GLENAOA LAKE
12055 FLORIDA
11EPALES
3
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/13
73/09/05
73/11/07
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/13
73/09/05
73/11/07
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
14 15 0000
1* 15 0004
14 15 0010
14 15 0015
14 15 0020
14 05 0000
14 05 0015
If 05 0028
12 15 0000
12 15 0005
12 15 0015
12 15 0027
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
14 15 0000
14 15 0004
14 15 0010
14 15 0015
14 15 0020
14 05 0000
14 05 0015
14 05 0028
12 15 0000
12 15 0005
12 15 0015
12 15 0027
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
28.1
24.5
18.9
17.4
16.1
29.2
28.5
28.3
24.1
24.1
23.7
23.6
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.162
0.127
0.134
0.182
0.185
0.067
0.074
0.064
0.135
0.131
0.132
0.164
00300
DO
MG/L
2.5
2.7
1.7
8.0
5.4
4.4
7.2
5.8
3.6
32217
CHLrtPHYL
A
UG/L
61.9
6.5
24.0
00077 00094
THANSP CNDUCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
50 170
135
135
130
140
42 112
111
110
46 100
100
100
104
00400
PH
SU
7.
6.
10.
8.
7.
6.
6.
6.
7.
7.
6.
6.
50
80
00
50
80
40
20
20
60
20
90
60
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
13
13
17
19
21
14
16
16
14
14
13
14
211
0025
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.100
0.060
0.060
0.350
0.420
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.060
0.050
0.060
0.180
1202
FEET DEPTH
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.500
0.900
0.800
1.200
1.200
• 1.300
1.100
1.100
1.300
1.200
1.600
1.400
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.060
0.060
0.140
0.140
0.090
0.100
0.080
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.060
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.066
0.067
0.087
0.115
0.122
0.015
0.023
0.018
0.075
0.084
0.077
0.090
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
121202
27 33 45.0 081 30 08.0
GLENAOA LAKE
12055 FLORIDA
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/13
73/09/05
73/11/07
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/13
73/09/05
73/11/07
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
14 50 0000
14 50 0004
14 50 0010
14 50 0014
14 35 0000
14 35 0005
14 35 0015
14 35 0021
12 00 0000
12 00 0005
12 00 0016
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
14 50 0000
14 50 0004
14 50 0010
14 50 0014
14 35 0000
14 35 0015
14 35 0021
12 00 0000
12 00 0005
12 00 0016
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
26.5
24.3
18.4
17.9
29.1
29.0
28.1
28.1
24.0
23.9
23.7
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.155
0.129
0.155
0.233
0.076
0.065
0.132
0.134
0.136
0.143
00300
00
MG/L
8.5
1.4
0.3
7.8
4.4
4.0
6.0
4.8
32217
CHLRPHVL
A
JG/L
20.8
32.3
20.5
00077 00094
TRANSP CNDUCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
54 145
135
120
120
41 112
112
111
110
42 101
101
102
11EPALES
3
00400 00410
PH
SU
10.20
9.20
8.40
7.70
7.20
6.50
6.30
6.80
6.70
6.70
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
20
20
22
24
14
15
14
15
15
16
2111202
0020 FEET DEPTH
00610 00625 00630
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.060
0.050
0.080
0.330
0.100
0.130
0.150
0.050
0.050
0.100
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.200
0.800
0.700
1.200
1.300
1.400
1.700
1.300
1.100
1.200
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.060
.050
.060
.070
.110
.090
.080
.040
.050
.050
00671
PHOS-OIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.068
0.067
0.105
0.149
0.017
0.008
0.025
0.069
0.075
0.087
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