U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
LAKE KISSIitEE
OSCEOLA COUNTY
FLORIDA
EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 261
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•&G.P.O. 699-440
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REPORT
ON
LAKE KISSIMME
OSCEDLA COUNTY
| EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 261
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF BWIRONMENTAL REGULATION
AND THE
FLORIDA NATIONAL GUARD
DECEMBER, 1977
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword ii
List of Florida Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 4
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 5
IV. Nutrient Loadings 9
V. Literature Reviewed 14
VI. Appendices 15
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
V
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)3, water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)3» clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Florida Department of Environ-
mental Regulation for professional involvement and to the Florida
National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling phase of the
Survey.
Joseph W. Landers, Jr., Secretary of the Department of Environ-
mental Regulation; John A Redmond, former Director of the Division
of Planning, Technical Assistance, and Grants; and Dr. Tim S. Stuart,
Chief of the Bureau of Water Quality, provided invaluable lake docu-
mentation and counsel during the survey, reviewed the preliminary
reports, and provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this
Working Paper series.
Major General Henry W. McMillan (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Florida, and Project Officer Colonel Hugo F. Windham,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Florida National Guard,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
LAKE NAME
Alligator
Apopka
Banana
Crescent
Doctors
Dora
East: Tohopekaliga
Effie
Eloise
George
Gibson
Glenada
Griffin
Haines
Hancock
Horseshoe
Howel1
Istokpoga
Jessie
Ocsr.up
Kissinnnee
Lav;ne
Lulu
Marion
Minnehaha
Hinneola
Monroe
Munson
Okeechobee
Poinsett
Reedy
Seminole
Seininole
South
Talquin
Tarpon .
Thonotosassa
Tohopekaliga
Trout
Weohyakapka
Yale
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF FLORIDA
COUNTY
Columbia
Lake, Orange
Polk
Flagler, Putnam
Clay
Lake
Osceola
Polk
Polk
Putnam, Volusia
Polk
Highlands
Lake
Polk
Fclk
Seminole
Orange, Senrincle
Highlands
Polk
Seminole
Osceola
Orange
Polk
Polk
Orange
Lake
Seminole, Volusia
Leon
Glades, Hendry, Martin,
Okeechobee, Palm Beach
Brevard, Orange, Osceola
Polk
Jackson, FL; Decatur,
Semi no!e, GA
Pinellas
Brevard
Gadsden, Leon
Pinellas
Hillsborough
Osceola
Lake
Polk
Lake
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LAKE KISSIMMEE
Tributary Sampling Site
x Lake Sampling Site
f Sewage Treatment Facility
Lake East
Tohopekaliga
Map Location
KISSIMMEE
Hesperides j|
^Jackson
Canal
Lake
Weohyakapka
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LAKE KISSIMHEE
STORE! NO. 1224
CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Lake Kissimmee is eutrophic, but
McCaffrey et al. (1976) consider the lake to be between rnesotro-
phic and mesoeutrophic.
This lake ranked eighth in overall trophic quality when the
41 Florida water bodies sampled in 1973 were compared using a
combination of six lake parameters*. None of the lakes had less
but one had the same median dissolved phosphorus, three had less
and one had the same median total phosphorus, 15 had less median
inorganic nitrogen, 14 had less mean chlorophyll a_, and 11 had
greater mean Secchi disc transparency.
Survey limnologists noted that emergent and floating vege-
tation occupied the shoreline shallows at all stations in
September and November, and blue-green algae were dominant in
all of the phytoplankton samples (see page 7).
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
Results of the algal assay are not considered representa-
tive of conditions in the lake at sampling time (03/14/73)
due to nutrient losses in the sample during shipment from the
field to the laboratory.
* See Appendix A.
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The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in March
and September and nitrogen limitation in November.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—No known point sources directly impac-
ted Lake Kissimmee during the sampling year. Direct and in-
direct point sources contributing nutrients to Reedy Creek
and upstream lakes Tohopekaliga* and Weohyakapka* (see map,
page v) may affect Lake Kissimmee; but because of nutrient
retention in the receiving lakes and probable sedimentation
and/or biological assimilation in the intervening water bodies,
streams, and canals, it is questionable whether those indirect
sources had a significant impact during the sampling year. The
nutrient export rates and N/P ratios of the connecting streams
(see page 13) tend to support this assessment. However, below-
normal precipitation occurred during the sampling year and the
effect of those sources during different hydrologic conditions
should be evaluated.
The sampling year phosphorus loading of 0.49 g/m2 is a little
less than that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon,
1974) as a eutrophic loading (see page 13). However, the differ-
ence is small (0.05 g/m2/yr) and very likely is the result of un-
certainty as to the mean depth of the lake (estimated-) and, there-
fore, lake volume and hydraulic retention time, as well as the limits
of accuracy of stream flow estimates provided by the U.S. Geological
Respectively, Working Paper No. 277 and 279.
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Survey (at best, plus or minus 10%). The trophic condition of
the lake per se is evidence of excessive nutrient inputs.
2. Non-point sources—Non-point sources accounted for essen-
tially all of the phosphorus load to Lake Kissimmee during the
sampling year. The Kissimmee River, including the unknown but
presumably insignificant contributions of the distant point
sources, accounted for almost 70% of the total. The Kissimmee
River drains predominantly agricultural land upstream of the
lake, and it appears that any significant reduction of nutrient
inputs to the lake would involve control of nutrient losses from
cropland in the river basin.
Reedy Creek and Short Canal were not sampled during the
Survey. However, other data indicate that minimal amounts of
phosphorus are contributed to Lake Kissimmee via these tribu-
taries (Herndon, 1975).
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS'1'
A. Morphometr.y ':
2
1. Surface area: 141.40 kilometers •
2. Mean depth: 1-..8 meters..
3. Maximum depth: 2'..4 meters.
4. Volume: 254,520 x 106 m3.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 88 days (based on outflow).
B. Tributary and Outlet:.
(See Appendix C for flow data.)
1. Tributaries -
Drainage Mean flow
Name- area, (km2)* (m3/s.ec)*
Kissimmee River 2r988.9 22.96
Tiger Creek and
Unnamed Creek C.-T 396.3 3.51
Jackson CanaT 264.2 2.34
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 358.4 5.09
Tota.ls 4,007.8 33.90
2. Outlet -
Kissimmee River 4,149.2** 33.39
C. Precipitation***:.
1., Year of sampling: 122.9 centimeters.
2. Mean-annual: 134.1 centimeters.
t Table: of metric conversions—Appendix B.
ft Surface area from FL Game & Fresh Water Fish Comm. (Anonymous, 1972);
depths estimated from soundings reported in Appendix D.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods,
1973-1976".-
** Includes area of Take.
*** See Working, Paper No. 175.
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III. WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Lake Kissimmee was sampled three times in 1973 by means of a pon-
toon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time, samples for physical and
chemical parameters were collected from four stations on the lake and
from one or more depths at each station (see map, page v). During each
visit, a single depth-integrated (near bottom to surface) sample was com-
posited from the stations for phytoplankton identification and enumeration;
and during the first visit, a single 18.9-liter depth-integrated sample
was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated
sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a^ analysis.
The maximum depths sampled were 1.8 meters at station 1, 2.4 meters at
station 2, 2.4 meters at station 3, and 1.5 meters at station 4.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and are
summarized in the following table.
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TEMP (C)
DISS OXY (MG/L)
CNDCTVY (MC^OMO)
PH (STAND UNITS)
TOT ALK (MG/L)
TOT P (MG/L)
ORTHO P (MG/L)
N02»N03 (MG/L)
AMMONIA (MG/D
KJEL N (MG/L)
INORG N (MG/L)
TOTAL N (MG/L)
CHLRPYL A (Uf,/L)
SECCHI (MtTEWS)
A. SUMMARY Of i-^YSICAL AND
1ST SAMPLING ( 3/1-4/73)
4 SITLb
RANGE
23.M - 24.7
6.2 - 8.7
115. - 150.
7.2 - 8.U
11. - 23.
0.026 - 0.041
O.C04 - 0.007
0.060 — 0.0 ft 0
0.060 - 0.100
1.000 - 1.400
0.120 - U.18J
1.060 - 1.480
12.0 - 19.9
O.d - l.l
MEAN MEDIAN
24.1 24.0
131.
7.6
20.
7.3
135.
7.6
22.
0.032 0.031
0.005 0.004
0.0&7 0.065
0.080
1.23u 1.22U
IS.9 15.9
O.V 0.9
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS KOR LAKE KISSIMMEE
STOKET CODE 1224
2NO SAMPLING ( 9/ 5/73)
4 SITES
KANGE
28.0 - 29.2
6.8 - 8.2
136. - 145.
7.2 - 8.5
17. - 24.
0.02H - 0.081
O.OOb - 0.013
0.100 - 0.140
0.100 - 0.130
1.600 - 2.800
0.200 - 0.270
1.700 - 2.930
30.2 - 42.4
0.9 - 0.9
3RO SAMPLING <
4 SITES
7/73)
MEAN
28.8
7.7
140.
7.8
20.
0.043
0.008
0.122
0.120
2.050
0.242
2.172
37.5
0.9
MEDIAN
28.8
7.8
139.
7.9
20.
0.037
0.007
0.120
0.120
2.000
0.245
2.120
38. 1
0.9
RANGE
22.8
7.4
107.
7.0
15.
0.031
0.010
0.040
0.050
1.300
0.090
1.340
11.9
0.9
- 23.2
8.0
- 115.
7.3
19.
- 0.054
- 0.015
- 0.090
- 0.070
- 1.700
- 0.160
- 1.750
- 22.4
1.0
MEAN
23.1
7.7
112.
7.1
18.
0.037
0.011
0.054
0.057
1.500
0.111
1.554
19.0
0.9
MEDIAN
23.1
7.7
113.
7«1
18.
0.035
0.010
0.050
0.060
1.500
0.105
1.550
20.8
0.9
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
03/14/73
09/05/73
11/07/73
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Anabaenopsis sp.
Dactylococcopsis sp.
Lyngbya s>£.
Rhizosolenia sp.
Coelastrum sp.
Other genera
Total
Dactylococcopsis sp.
Lyngbya sp.
Anabaenopsis sp.
Coelastrum sp.
Chroococcus sp.
Other genera
Total
Lyngbya s£.
Dactylococcopsis
Coelastrum sp.
Pennate diatoms
Microcystis sp.
Other genera
SfJ.
Algal units
per ml
4,048
3,303
2,451
2,237
1,705
4,687
18,431
18,634
6,930
6,160
2,926
2,722
10.318
47,740
7,828
4,363
2,823
2,823
2,310
10,870
Total
31,017
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8
2. Chlorophyll a -
Sampling
Date
Q3/T4/73
Q9/05./73
11/07/73,
Station
Number
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Chlorophyll a
(yg/D
12.0
16.8
19.9
15.0
30.2
42 ..4
36.6
40.9
TU9
19.4
22. .2
22.4
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
The algal, assay results are not considered representative
of conditions in. the lake, at sampling; time due to a decrease
in inorganic, nitrogen and. an increase: in orthophosphorus in
the sample during; shipment from the. field; to the laboratory.
However, the- lake data indicate phosphorus limitation, in March
and September (the mean1 inorganic nitrogen/orthophosphorus ratios
were 17/1 or greater at. all stations), and nitrogen limitation
in No.vember (.the mean N/P ratios, were 11/1 or less, at all
stations,)..
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Florida National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the
tributary sites indicated on the map (page v). Sampling was begun in
March, 1973, and was completed in February, 1974.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the Florida District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were
calculated using mean annual concentrations and mean annual flows.
The combined loads of Tiger Creek and Unnamed Creek C-l were cal-
culated using the means of the nutrient concentrations in both
streams and the combined mean annual flow.
Nutrient loads for unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate
drainage" ("II" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated using the means of the
nutrient concentrations at stations A-l and D-l and the mean annual
II flow.
No known point sources directly impacted Lake Kissimmee during the
sampling year.
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10
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Pop. Mean Flow Receiving
Name Served Treatment (m3/d) Water
Lake Wales River Ranch Shores*
Plant #1 200 , evaporation- 18.9 , No
Plant #2 300 ' percolation 106.0 ' discharge
ponds
Walt Disney - act. sludge 6661.6 Land disposal (60%)
World** and Reedy Creek
(40%)***
2. Known industrial - None***
* Lubin, 1975.
** Nichols, 1973; flow shown estimated by operator.
*** McCaffrey et al., 1976.
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11
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Kissimmee River 47,870 69.6
Tiger Creek and
Unnamed Creek C-l 3,310 4.8
Jackson Canal 2,900 4.2
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 8,505 12.4
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks* - 5 <0.1
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 6,220 9.0
Total 68,810 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Kissimmee River 36,865
3. Net annual P accumulation - 31,945 kg.
* Estimate based on 17 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 175.
** Brezonik and Shannon, 1971.
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12
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Kissirnmee River 1,399,855 70.6
Tiger Creek and
Unnamed Creek C-l 146,250 7.4
Jackson Canal 96,105 4.8
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 259,075 13.1
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks* - 180 <0.1
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 82,010 4.1
Total 1,983,505 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Kissimmee River 1,478,835
3. Net annual N accumulation - 504,670 kg.
* Estimate based on 17 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 175.
** Brezonik and Shannon, 1971.
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13
D. Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km2/yr kg N/km2/yr N/P ratio
Kissimnee River 16 468 29/1
Tiger Creek and Unnamed
Creek C-l 8 369 46/1
Jackson Canal 11 364 33/1
E. Yearly Loads:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loadings
are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider
and Dillon, 1974). Note, however, that Florida lakes may assi-
milate phosphorus at a somewhat higher level than that suggested
by Vollenweider (Shannon and Brezonik, 1972).
Essentially, Vollenweider:s "dangerous" loading is one
at which the receiving water would become eutrophic or remain
eutrophic; his "permissible" loading is that which would re-
sult in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming
oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic loading
would be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m2/yr 0.49 0.23 14.0 3.6
Vollenweider phosphorus loadings (g/m2/yr)
based on estimated mean depth and
hydraulic retention time of Lake Kissimmee:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic loading) 0.54
"Permissible (oligotrpphic loading) 0.27
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14
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Brezonik, Patrick L. and Earl E. Shannon, 1971. Trophic state
of lakes in north central Florida. Publ. No. 13, FL Water
Resources Res. Ctr., U. of FL, Gainesville.
Federico, Anthony C, and Patrick L. Brezonik, 1975. Survey of
water quality in the Kissimmee-Okeechobee watershed. Rept.
to FL Dept. Env. Reg., Tallahassee.
Herndon, Albert, 1975. Personal communication (draft basin
plan for Lake Kissimmee). EPA Region IV, Atlanta, GA.
Lubin, Gary, 1975. Personal communication (River Ranch Shores
STP). EPA Region IV, Atlanta, GA.
McCaffrey, Patrick M., William W. Hinkley, Rotha A. MacGill, and
Gordon D. Cherr; 1976. Report of investigations in the
Kissimmee River-Lake Okeechobee watershed. FL Dept. of Env.
Reg. Techn. Series, vol. .2, no. 2.
Nichols, Charles, 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Walt
Disney World STP). Orlando.
Shannon, Earl E., and Patrick L. Brezonik, 1972. Relationships
between lake trophic state and nitrogen and phosphorus load-
ing rates. Env. Sci. & Techn. 6_(8):719-725.
Vo.llenweider, R.A., and P.J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Natl. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
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VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
CODE
1201
1202
1203
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
121<*
1215
1217
1219
1220
1221
122J
1224
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
123-*
1236
1238
LAKE NAME
ALLIGATOR LAKE
LAKE APOPKA
LAKE 6ANANA
LAKE CRESCENT
DOCTORS LAKE
LAKE DORA
LAKE EFFIE
LAKE GEORGE
LAKE GIdSON
GLEN ADA LAKE
LAKE GRIFFIN
LAKE HAIMES
LAKE HANCOCK
LAKE HORSESHOE
LAKE HOirfELL
LAKE ISTOKPOGA
LAKE JF.SSUP
LAKE KISSIMMLt
LAKE LIM.U
LAKE MARION
LAKE MINNEHAHA
LAKE MINNEOLA
LAKE MONROE
LAKE OKEECHOBEE
LAKL POINSETT
LAKE PFEOY
LAKE SOUTH
«l OH IN
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.62C
0.10?
0.660
0.065
0.084
0.102
1.480
0.129
0.167
0.134
0.119
0.063
0.772
0.034
1.26C
0.039
0.49?
0.034
1.490
0.044
0.038
0.018
0.138
0.063
0.085
0.03J
0.074
0.085
MEDIAN
INO^G N
0.260
0.230
0.260
0.130
0.120
0.240
0.410
0.165
0.115
0.165
0.260
0.115
0.195
0.130
0.285
0.120
0.290
0.145
1.065
0.260
O.OBO
0.070
0.300
0.185
0.150
0.330
0.130
0.290
500-
MEAN StC
474.000
484.1 76
482.667
473.889
465.555
482.889
489.000
469.308
470.000
454.167
481.333
462.667
483.500
459.000
464.000
464.222
487.000
463.667
483.000
468.833
43b.OOO
406.333
474.555
47^.366
"69.000
468. bOO
464,000
462.167
MEAN
CiLCHA
67.733
46.611
208.600
10.211
27.100
59.978
261.433
35.000
19.675
27.667
66.855
26.567
97.900
12.067
54 . 1 1 7
6.594
7b.550
24.142
276.566
29.967
8.733
3.333
14.225
14.524
6.500
34.837
23.167
9.483
15-
MIN DO
13.100
8.200
3.600
10.200
10.600
7.400
15.000
11.000
10.200
14.700
6.600
10.600
5.600
11.500
9.000
8.600
7.600
8.800
14.300
7.600
7.700
7.400
10.800
9.800
10.600
10.000
9.000
14.400
MEDIAN
DliS O-cT.iO
0.3ti6
0.019
0.293
0.033
0.028
0.022
0.950
0.063
0.069
0.072
0.038
0.014
0.158
0.023
1.175
0.010
0.288
0.007
1.030
0.016
0.012
0.009
0 . 1 2H
0.010
0.031
O.OOb
0.028
0.031
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CODE
12*0
12*1
12*2
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE NAME
LAKE THONOTOSASSA
LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA
TROUT LAKE
LAKE WEOHYAKAPKA
LAKE YALE
LAKE MUNSON
LAKE SEMINOLE
LAKE LA*NE
LAKE TARPON
LAKE ELQISE
LAKE JESSIE
EAST LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA
PAVNE'S PWAIRIE LAKE (NO
12*6
12*7
12*8
12*9
1250
1252
125b
126|
126*
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.695
0.2*6
1.110
0.0*7
0.027
l.*75
0,23*
?.560
0.0*1
0.*86
Q.051
0,0*2
1.260
MEDIAN
IMOC,000
MEAN
CrILORA
37.700
30.633
76.967
7.767
25.367
140.317
102.000
84.900
6.867
70.233
26.300
5.167
38.200
15-
MIN 00
10.200
10.500
12.900
8.200
7.600
12.200
8.600
10.400
9.000
12.200
10.800
9.400
7.400
MEUI A
oiss O^TH
0.565
0.152
0.970
0.011
0.014
0.852
0.026
o.\n
O.U27
0.339
0.011
0.007
1.210
-------
OF LAKES
NO
130
2oO
200
346
341
297
31
256
324
276
273
396
213
<+06
201
477
1*4
4=5
34
366
517
b79
215
36*
3-*2
33/
3d6
294
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
1240 LAKE THONOTOSAbSA
1241 LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA
1242 TROUT LAKE
1243 LAKE WEOHYAKAPKA
1246 LAKE YALE
1247 LAKE MUNSON
1248 LAKE SEMINOLE
1249 LAKE LAWNE
1250 LAKE TAMPON
1252 LAKE ELOISE
1258 LAKE JESSIE
1261 EAST LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA
1264 PAYNE'S PHAIWIE LAKE (
nlGHEH VALUES (NUMBED OK LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
,«EOUN
TOTAL V
20
33
15
75
9P
8
35
0
83
30
73
80
11
< 8)
( 13)
( 6)
( 30)
( 39)
( 3)
( 14)
< 0)
( 33)
I 12)
( 29)
( 32)
( 4)
MEDIAN
INOKG N
65 (
40 (
8 (
VI (
58 (
5 (
48 <
0 (
98 (
50 (
68 (
98 <
65 (
34)
16)
3)
36)
23)
2)
19)
0)
38)
20)
35)
38)
26)
500-
MEAN SEC
58
38
43
83
90
8
35
0
100
63
88
93
25
( 23)
( 15)
( 17)
( 3J)
( 36)
( 3)
( 14)
( 0)
( 40)
( 25)
( 35)
( 37)
( 10)
MEAN
CHLO^A
40
48
23
88
63
8
10
20
90
2rt
60
98
15
( 16)
( 19)
( 9)
( 35)
( 25)
( 3)
( 4)
( 8)
( 36)
( 11)
( 24>
( 39)
( 6)
15-
MIN DO
48
. 40
13
74
83
16
69
43
60
16
26
55
90
( 18)
( 16)
( 5)
f 29)
( 32)
( 6)
( 27)
( 17)
( 23)
( 6)
( 10)
( 22)
( 35)
MEOUN
oiss OKTHO f
15
30
8
84
75
13
63
35
60
20
84
99
0
( 6)
( 12)
( 3)
( 33)
( 30)
( 5)
( 25)
( 14)
( 24)
( 8)
( 33)
( 39)
( 0)
INDEX
NO
266
229
110
495
4b7
58
2bO
98
491
207
419
523
206
-------
LAKES RANKED Br INDEX NOS.
WAMK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
1 1230 LAKE MINNEOLA 579
2 1261 EAST LAKE TOHOPEKALlGA 523
3 1229 LAKE MINNEHAHA 517
4 1243 LAKE WEOHYAKAPivA 495
5 1250 LAKE TARPON 491
6 1221 LAKE ISTOKPOGA <.77
7 1346 LAKE YALE 467
8 1224 LAKE KISSIMMEE 455
9 125b LAKE JESSIE 419
10 1219 LAKE HORSESHOE 406
11 1215 LAKE HAINES 396
12 1238 LAKE SOUTH 386
13 1232 LAKE OKEECHUBEE 368
14 1228 LAKE MARION 366
15 1206 LAKE CRESCENT 346
16 1234 LAKE POINSETT 342
17 1307 DOCTORS LAKE 341
18 1236 LAKE RtEDt 337
19 1211 LAKE GIBSON 324
20 1208 LAKE DORA 297
21 12J9 LAKE TALQUIN 294
22 1202 LAKE A»OPKA 280
23 1212 GLENADA LAKE 276
24 1214 LAKE GRIFFIN 273
25 1240 LAKE THONOTOSASSA 266
26 124B LAKE SEMINOLE 260
27 1210 LAKE GEORGE 256
2y 1241 LAKE TOHOPEKALIGA 229
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INOEX NO
29 1231 LAKE MONROE 215
30 1217 LAKE HANCOCK 213
31 1253 LAKE EL01SE 207
32 1264 PAYNE'S PRAIRIE LAKE (MO 206
33 1220 LAKE HOWELL 201
3<» 1203 LAKE BANANA 200
35 1223 LAKE JESSUP 184
36 1201 ALLIGATOR LAKE 130
37 1242 TROUT LAKE 110
38 1249 LAKE LAWNE 98
39 1247 LAKE MUNSON 58
40 1227 LAKE LULU 34
41 1209 LAKE EfFIE 31
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.621-4 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 - cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 - Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION! FOR FLORIDA
8/25/75
LAKE CODE 1224
LAKE KISSIMMEE
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA QF LAKE(SO KM) 4J49.2
SUB-DRAINAGE
TRIBUTARY AREAfSQ KM)
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CMS)
JUN JUL AUG SEP QCT NOV
JEC
MEAN
122tAl
122442
122ftCl
1224D1
122*iZ
2988.9
41ft9.2
396.3
264.2
360.0
21.80
3K69
3l2o
2. la
ft. 81
23.67
33.05
3.20
2.12
5.13
25.26
36.08
3^31
2.2l
5.44
23.84
32.73
3.00
2.01
5.10
15.60
22.91
2.0ft
1.36
3^37
15. 6J
21.46
2.18
1.44
3.ftO
18.ft9
23,28
3.26
2.18
4.22
22.85
27.75
3.71
2.ft6
5^13
27.10
37.46
4.90
3.26
6.23
33.ftft
63.71
5.ft7
3.65
7.50
25.82
35.62
ft. 25
2.83
S.dO
22.06
34.69
3.5ft
2.35
ft. 93
22.96
33.39
3.51
2.3ft
5.09
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA QF LAKE =
S.UM OF SU8=ORAINAGE AREAS =
NOTE *«« bl AND Cl OhAINAGE AREAS COMBINED
MEAN M.ONTHLY FLOWS AND UAILY FLO*lS(CMS)
TRIBUTARY MPN.TH YEAR MEAN fLP# DAY
1224A2
3
ft
5
6
7
8
9
10
ii
)2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
7ft
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
23.33
49.07
28.83
-3.20
-5.58
24.4.1
41.37
6,20
-fU86
-8,50
-2.38
0.82
41.48
68.13
43.69
0.91
0.03
22.63
47.37
14.92
0.17
0.48
2.41
18.49
17
14
ift
23
21
19
9
13
10
9
27
3
17
1,4
1ft
23
21
19
9
13
10
9
27
3
13ft. 28
'56,86
86.79
19i26
14.05
ft3.27
40.4ft
-28.37
S4.88
-33.3,4
7.76
"0.57
40.78
127.71
76.17
0.08
0.08
37.94
52.39
0.11
O.lft
0.11
9.7ft
6.51
SUMMARY
ft.lft9.2
ft009.3
TOTAL FLOW IN = ft06.79
TOTAL FLOW OUT = ft6o.ft3
FLOW DAY
FLO*! DAY
FLQW
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR FLORIDA
d/25/75
LAKE CODE 1224
LAKE KISSIMMEE
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND OAILY FLOWSCCMS)
TRIBUTARY MONTH YEAR MEAN FLOW DAY
122401
1224ZZ
3
4
5
6
7
&
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
2.49
2.61
1.90
1.50
2.21
2.83
4.08
3.94
3.00
2.49
2.24
.76
.64
.76
.27
0.99
.47
.87
2.69
2.63
2.01
1.64
1.50
1.16
4.08
4.45
3.14
2.35
2.86
3.91
5.18
5.41
4.13
3.45
3.31
2.83
17
14
14
23
21
19
9
13
10
9
27
3
17
14
14
23
21
19
9
13
10
9
27
3
17
14
14
23
21
19
9
13
10
9
27
3
FLOW DAY
2.38
2.60
2.15
1.25
2.46
2.63
4.16
4.11
3.17
2.52
2.04
2.01
1.59
1.87
1.44
0.82
1.67
1.76
2.78
2.75
2.12
1.67
1.36
1.33
3.91
4.73
3.57
1.93
3.20
3.65
5.30
b.64
4.36
3.51
3.03
3.23
f LOW DAY
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
27 56 53.0 081 18 54.0
LAKE KISSIMMEE
12097 FLORIDA
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/Ob
73/11/07
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/05
73/11/07
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
09 30 0000
09 30 0006
16 30 0000
09 14 0000
09 14 0001
09 14 0006
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
09 30 0000
09 30 0006
16 30 0000
09 14 0000
09 14 0006
00010
«ATER
TEMP
CENT
24.7
24.5
29.2
23.2
23.2
23.2
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.041
0.040
0.037
0.035
0.034
00300
DO
MG/L
6.2
7.4
7.4
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
12.0
30.2
11.9
00077 00094
TRANSP CNDUCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
32
36
40
150
120
137
107
107
107
11EPALES
3
00400
PH
SU
7.20
7.30
8.20
7.10
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
11
15
17
16
2111202
0008
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.100
0.080
0.100
0.060
FEET DEPTH
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.400
1.200
1.600
1.400
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.080
0.070
0.100
0.040
00671
PHOS-OIS
ORTriO
MG/L P
0.006
0.004
0.006
0.010
7.00
15
0.050
1. 300
0.040
0.010
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
122402
27 57 01.0 081 1
LAKE KISSIMMEE
12097 FLORIDA
43. 0
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/05
73/11/07
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/05
73/11/07
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 00 0000
10 00 0007
16 45 0000
16 45 0008
09 03 0000
09 03 0001
09 03 0007
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 00 0000
10 00 0007
16 45 0000
16 45 0008
09 03 0000
09 03 0007
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
24.2
24.1
28.7
28.6
22.9
22.9
22. b
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.026
C.026
0.026
0.081
0.0 Jl
0.034
00300
DO
MG/L
8.0
8.0
7.6
8.0
7.4
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
16.8
42.4
19.4
00077 00094
TRANSP CNOUCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
37 120
115
36 137
136
36 113
113
114
11EPALES 2111202
3 0008 FEET DEPTH
00400 00410 00610 00625 00630
PH T ALK NH3-N
CAC03 TOTAL
SU MG/L MG/L
7.50 22 0
7.60 22 0
8.00 22 0
7.40 24 0
7.30 19 0
7.20 18 0
.070
.060
.120
.120
.060
.060
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.100
1.000
2.200
2.800
1.600
1.500
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
.060
.060
.120
.130
.060
.050
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
P
004
004
006
013
Oil
010
-------
STOREF RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
122403
27 54 15.0 081 17 00.0
LAKE KISSIMMEE
12097 FLORIDA
DATE TIME DEPTH
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
73/03/14 10 30 0000
10 30 0005
73/09/05 16 05 0000
16 05 0003
73/11/07 08 49 0000
08 49 0001
08 49 0007
DATE TIME DEPTH
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
73/03/14 10 30 0000
10 30 0005
73/09/05 16 05 0000
16 05 0008
73/11/07 08 49 0000
08 49 0007
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
23.9
23.8
29.1
28.0
23.2
23.2
23.2
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.033
0.034
0.038
0.045
0.054
0.039
00300
DO
MG/L
.
6.7
8.2
6.8
8.0
8.0
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
19.9
36.6
22.2
00077 00094
TRANSP CNOUCTVY
SECCMI FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
36 135
135
34 145
140
36 114
114
115
11EPALES 2111202
3 0008 FEET DEPTH
00400 00410 00610 00625 00630
PH T ALK NH3-N
CAC03 TOTAL
SU MG/L MG/L
7.60 22 0.080
7.60 22 0.080
8.50 20 0.130
7.20 20 0.130
7.00 19 0.050
7.00 17 0.060
TOT KJEL N02&N03
N N-TOTAL
MG/L MG/L
1.100 0.060
1.200 0.060
1.900 0.120
1.700 0.140
1.400 0.050
1.700 0.050
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.007
0.010
0.010
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/35
27 51 15.0 081 12 56.0
LAKE KISSIMMEE
12097 FLORIDA
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/05
73/11/07
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/14
73/09/05
73/11/07
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 50 0000
10 50 0005
15 45 0000
08 35 0000
08 35 0001
08 35 0005
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 50 0000
10 50 0005
15 45 0000
08 35 0000
08 35 0005
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
2
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/35
1224A1
27 So 30.0 081 22 00.0
KISSIMMEtL RIVER
12117 7.5 LK wEOrtYAKAP
I/LAKE KISSIMMEE
FERRY LANDING N OF BUSTER ISLAND
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/17
73/04/14
73/05/14
73/07/21
73/08/19
73/09/09
73/10/13
73/11/10
73/12/09
74/01/27
74/02/03
TIME
OF
DAY
10 30
10 00
12 00
13 00
12 00
13 00
12 00
11 00
12 00
11 45
12 30
FEET
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.027
0.014
0.018
0.037
0.0 10*
0.029
0.105
0.038
O.U2
0.088
0.120
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
2,200
1.750
1.760
1.000
1.150
4.700
0.950
0.900
0.850
3.400
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.059
0.336
0.120
0.054
0.089
3.700
0.290
0.060
0.030
0.052
0.155
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.015
0.105
0.021
0.012
0.029
0.042
0.028
0.024
0.016
0.025
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.118
0.105
0.070
0.050
0.063
0.060
0.110
0.035
0.040
0.032
0.045
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
1224A2
27 48 30.0 081 12 00.0
KISSIMMEE RIVtR
12 7.5 LK MARIAN Surf
0/LAKE KISSIMMEE
Sr H*r 60 BRDG OVER S FINGER OF LAKE
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
73/03/17
73/04/14
73/05/14
73/07/21
73/08/19
73/09/09
73/10/13
73/11/10
73/12/09
74/01/27
74/02/03
13
09
10
10
08
10
09
09
09
10
10
15
00
00
00
00
00
30
00
30
00
00
0630
&N03
OTAL
G/L
0.011
0.010K
0.010K
0.010K
0.010K
0.010K
0.014
0.012
0.016
0.012
0.008
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.900
1.470
2.000
0.890
1.260
2.700
1.250
0.800
1.350
0.900
0.800
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.062
0.015
0.022
0.018
0.031
0.110
0.044
0.024
0.052
0.016
0.020
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.011
0.010
0.007
0.006
0.015
0.020
0.014
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.055
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.020
0.030
0.020
0.015
K VALUE KNOrtN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/06/25
27 55 30.0 081 21 OO.Q
TIGE* CHEEK
12 7.5 LK WEQHYAKAP
t/LAKE KISSI.MMEE .
FROM dOAT OFF DJHT RD IN THAT REGION
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DESTH
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/17
73/04/14
73/05/14,
73/06/23
73/07/21
73/08/19
73/09/09
73/ JQ/ 1 3
73/1 1/10
73/12/09
74/6 J/27
74/02/03
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF ' NT-TOTAL N
DAY FEET MG/L
11
12
10
11
12
11
12
10
IP
11
n
n
40
00
*5
00
IP
00
00
30
45
00
15
30
0.010N
0.023
0,050
0.063
P,013
O.P2P
o.pao
0.013
ttjbis
p.OlQiv
MG/L
0.
960
00610 00671 00665
NH3-rN PHOS-DiS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0.020
1.050 0.042
0.
i.
0.
0.
3.
2.
0.
2?
750
IQO
750
720
990
100
725
30Q
O.P35
0.105
0.035
Qf Q39;
3. JOQ
0.251
0.036
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
Q
0
6
o
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
.
P
008
012
020
Q25
Q12
027
Q21
017
MG/L P
0
0
6
0
P
0
b
p
P
.020
• 035
.0^5
.055
• Q40
»P2'7
•Q5Q
• PIS
Ut330 0.020 0.025
0.032 0,600 0.02Q O.OJ2 O.U30
Ofb'pa ' "" u " " ' "
* VALUE KNRrt
LES§ THAN IN
0.
N TO
PJCA
6.00
BE
0.925
P
•
f
9.20
g
•030
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&.N03
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
73/04/14
73/05/14
73/06/23
73/07/21
73/08/19
73/09/09
73/10/13
73/11/10
73/12/09
74/01/27
74/02/03
11 00
11 00
12 00
12 00
11 30
12 30
11 00
10 30
11 15
11 30
11 45
1224C1
27 56 30.0 081 21 30.0
UNNAMED CREEK
12 7.5 LK WEOHYAKAP
T/LAK.E KISSIMMEE
DIRT KO 6ROG ON HUSTER ISLAND
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
0630
I&.N03
OTAL
IG/L
0.012
0.026
0.015
0.011
0.013
0.029
0.034
0.010*
0.024
0.020
0.008
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.300
0.900
0.800
1.150
0.950
1.200
3.700
1.2bO
1.800
0.700
0.600
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.038
0.097
0.019
0.042
0.072
0.170
0.294
0.032
0.084
0.020
0.025
00671
PHOS-OIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.013
0.009
0.013
0.006
0.013
0.019
0.016
0.008
0.012
0.008
0.010
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.040
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.020
0.030
0.025
0.015
0.012
0.020
0.020
K VALUE KNOWN TO 8E
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/25
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
73/04/14
73/05/14
73/06/23
73/07/21
73/08/19
73/09/09
73/10/13
73/11/10
73/12/09
74/01/27
74/02/03
13
11
10
11
09
10
10
09
10
10
10
00
00
00
00
30
30
00
30
00
30
30
122401
27 53 00.0 081 11 00.0
JACKSON CANAL
12 7.b LK MARION NM
T/LAKt KISSIMMEE
BRQG ON RD S OF LAKE JACKSON
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET
0630
'&N03
OTAL
IG/L
0.020
0.032
0.011
0.031
0.010K
0.017
U.010K
0*012
0.014
0.010K
0.004
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.320
1.200
1*150
1.800
1.150
1.380
1.000
1.900
1.900
0.900
0.700
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.082
0*050
0.054
0.110
0.030
0.078
0*033
0.068
0.056
0.012
0.005
00671
PriOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.022
0.021
0.020
0.010
0*016
0*025
9.015
0.008
0.010
0.006
0.010
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.034
0.065
0.065
0.050
0*045
0.050
0.050
0.015
0.020
0.030
0.020
DEPTH
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
------- |