U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
KEPORT
ON
PIGEON LAKE
STEUBEN COUNTY
INDIANA
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 340
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•&G.P.O. 699-440
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REPORT
ON
PIGEON LAKE
STEIJBEN COUNTY
INDIANA
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No,
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH
AND THE
INDIANA NATIONAL GUARD
MARCH, 1976
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword ii
List of Indiana Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Sumnary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning {§303(e)>, water
quality criteria/standards review {§303(c)>, clean lakes {§314(a,b)>,
and water quality monitoring {§106 and §305(b)} activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
Ill
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, I). S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Indiana State Board of
Health for professional involvement, to the Indiana National
Guard for conducting the tributary sampling phase of the Survey,
and to those Indiana wastewater treatment plant operators who
provided effluent samples and flow data.
The staff of the Division of Water Pollution Control, Indiana
State Board of Health, provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and
provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this Working
Paper series.
Major General Alfred F. Ahner, Adjutant General of Indiana,
and Project Officers Lt. Colonel Charles B. Roberts (Retired)
and Colonel Robert L. Sharp, who directed the volunteer efforts
of the Indiana National Guardsmen, are also gratefully acknowledged
for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF INDIANA
LAKE NAME
Bass
Cataract
Crooked
Dallas
Geist
Hamilton
Hovey
James
James
Long
Marsh
Mississinewa
Maxinkuckee
Monroe
Morse
01 in
Oliver
Pigeon
Syl van
Tippecanoe
Versailles
Wawassee
Webster
Westler
Whitewater
Winona
Witmer
COUNTY
Starke
Owen, Putnam
Steuben
LaGrange
Hamilton, Marion
Steuben
Posey
Kosciusko
Steuben
Steuben
Steuben
Grant, Miami, Wabash
Marshall
Brown, Monroe
Hamilton
LaGrange
LaGrange
Steuben
Noble
Kosciusko
Ripley
Kosciusko
Kosciusko
LaGrange
Union
Kosciusko
LaGrange
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4T44'—
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PIGEON LAKE
STORE! NO. 1855
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Pigeon Lake is eutrophic. It
ranked 20th in overall trophic quality when the 27 Indiana lakes
sampled in 1973 were compared using a combination of six param-
eters*. Sixteen of the lakes had less and one had the same median
total phosphorus, 19 had less median dissolved phosphorus, 24 had
less median inorganic nitrogen, 14 had less mean chlorophyll a^
and 14 had greater and one had the same mean Secchi disc trans-
parency. Depletion or near-depletion of dissolved oxygen with
depth occurred at both sampling stations in August and October.
Survey limnologists reported a small algal bloom in August
and emergent macrophytes in August and October.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The algal assay results indicate that Pigeon Lake was phos-
phorus limited at the time the sample was collected (05/03/73).
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in August as well
but nitrogen limitation at station 2 in October.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—No known point sources impacted Pigeon
Lake during the sampling year.
See Appendix A.
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2
The present phosphorus loading of 8.32 g/m2/yr is over four
times that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon,
1974) as a eutrophic loading (see page 11). However, the mean
hydraulic retention time of the lake is only 17 days, and Vol-
lenweider's model probably does not apply. Nonetheless, the
trophic condition of the lake is evidence of excessive nutrient
loads, and phosphorus inputs should be reduced to the greatest
practicable extent.
2. Non-point sources—All of the phosphorus input to Pigeon
Lake was contributed by non-point sources during the sampling
year. Pigeon Creek contributed 61.3%; Ewing Ditch, 16.1%; and the
ungaged tributaries were estimated to have contributed 22.4% of
the total load.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICSf
A. Lake Morphometry:
1. Surface area: 0.25 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 4.6 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 11.6 meters.
4. Volume: 1.143 x 10s m3.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 17 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Drainage Mean flow
Name . area (km2)* (m3/sec)*
Pigeon Creek 54.6 0.51
Ewing Ditch 10.9 0.10
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 17.2 0.15
Totals 82.7 0.76
2. Outlet -
Pigeon Creek 82.9** 0.76
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 111.6 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 91.3 centimeters.
t Table of metric conversions—Appendix B.
tt Winters, 1975.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods,
1973-1976".
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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4
III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Pigeon Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1973 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from a
number of depths at two stations on the lake (see map, page v). During
each visit, a single depth-integrated (4.6 m or near bottom to surface)
sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton identification
and enumeration; and during the first visit, a single 18.9-liter depth-
integrated sample was composited for algal assays. Also each time,
a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of the stations
for chlorophyll a_ analysis. The maximum depths sampled were 10.4
meters at station 1 and 4.6 meters at station 2.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and are
summarized in the following table.
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PARAMETER
TEMP (C)
DISS OXY (MG/L)
CNDCTVY (MCROMO)
PH (STAND UNITS)
TOT ALK (MG/L)
TOT P (MG/L)
ORTHO P (MG/L)
N02*N03 (MG/L)
AMMONIA (MG/L)
KJEL N (MG/L)
INORG N (MG/L)
TOTAL N (MG/L)
CHLRPYL A (UG/L)
SECCHI (METERS)
1ST SAMPLING ( 5/
2 SITES
RANGE MEAN
8.0 - 13.2 10.9
5.1 - 8.8 7.0
600. - 660. 626.
7.5 - 8.0 7.8
200. - 235. 212.
0.023 - 0.042 0.033
0.002 - 0.008 0.005
2.600 - 3.000 2.775
0.080 - 0.380 0.145
1.200 - 1.400 1.312
2.680 - 3.170 2.920
3.800 - 4.400 4.087
2.3 - 2.6 2.5
1.5 - 1.5 1.5
ilCAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR PIGEON LAKE
STORET CODE 1855
3/73) 2ND SAMPLING ( 8/ 6/73)
2 SITES
MEDIAN
11.4
6.9
620.
7.7
205.
0.033
0.005
2.700
0.095
1.300
2.940
4.000
2.5
1.5
RANGE
9.7 -
0.0 -
453. -
7.4 -
262. -
0.029 - 0
0.005 - 0
0.700 - 1
0.070 - 0
1.700 - 2
1.510 - 2
3.100 - 4
4.6 -
1.5 -
22.1
9.2
642.
8.7
300.
.086
.052
.810
.950
.500
.020
.010
38.8
1.7
MEAN
IS. 9
1.8
541.
7.7
277.
0.062
0.022
1.415
0.365
2.075
1.780
3.490
21.7
1.6
MEDIAN
15.9
0.4
517.
7.4
278.
0.065
0.015
1.600
0.240
2.000
1.735
3.490
21.7
1.6
3RD SAMPLING (10/15/73)
2 SITES
RANGE
8.3
0.0
462.
7.1
180.
0.052
0.028
0.030
0.050
0.900
0.080
0.950
11.0
1.2
- 16.9
- 8.0
- 575.
8.3
- 305.
- 0.497
- 0.348
- 0.110
- 3.700
- S.900
- 3.750
- 5. 950
- 11.9
1.3
MEAN
13.1
2.0
522.
7.6
258.
0.162
0.094
0.066
1.057
2.700
1.124
2.766
11.4
1.2
MEDIAN
' 14.0
0.3
528.
7.5
264.
0.076
0.030
0.055
0.440
1.950
0.525
2. 035
11.4
1.2
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
' Sampl i ng
Date
05/03/73
08/06/73
10/15/73
2. Chlorophyll a^ -
Sampling
Date
05/03/73
08/06/73
10/15/73
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flagellates
Cryptomonas sp.
Asterionella sp.
Trachelomonas s^.
Gymnodinium sp.
Other genera
Total
Melosira sj>.
Ceratium sp.
Dinobryon sp.
AjDhanizomenon sp.
Cryptomonas sp.
Other genera
Total
Cryptomonas sp.
Cyclotella sp.
Chlorella sj>.
Dinobryon sp.
Fragilaria sp.
Other genera
Algal Units
per ml
1,259
4,232
Total
Station
Number
1
2
1
2
1
2
3,662
Chlorophyll
(ug/D
2.8
2.3
4.6
38.8
11.9
11.0
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7
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N Maximum yield
Spike (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) (nig/1-dry wt.)
Control 0.010 2.850 1.8
0.050 P 0.060 2.850 19.7
0.050 P + 1.0 N 0.060 3.850 20.6
1.0 N 0.010 3.850 1.5
2. Discussion -
The control yield of the assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
of Pigeon Lake was moderately high at the time the sample
was collected (05/03/73).
The results also indicate the lake was phosphorus limited
at that time. A significant increase in yield resulted with
the addition of orthophosphorus alone, but the addition of
only nitrogen did not result in increased yield.
The lake data indicate limitation by phosphorus in August
as well (the mean inorganic nitrogen/orthophosphorus ratio
was 81/1). In October, however, the data indicate station 1
was phosphorus limited (the N/P ratio was 14/1), but station
2 was nitrogen limited (the N/P ratio was 10/1).
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Indiana National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the
tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the high
runoff months of February and March when two samples were collected.
Sampling was begun in June, 1973, and was completed in May, 1974.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the Indiana District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were
determined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Note that the outlet nutrient
loads are those measured at station A-l minus the Berlien Ditch loads
measured at station D-l.
Nutrient loads for unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate
drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated using the means of the
nutrient loads, in kg/km2/year, at stations A-2 and B-l and multiplying
the means by the ZZ area in km2.
No known point sources impacted Pigeon Lake during the sampling year.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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9
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Pigeon Creek 1,275 61.3
Ewing Ditch 335 16.1
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 465 22.4
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 5_ 0.2
Total 2,080 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Pigeon Creek 1,660
3. Net annual P accumulation - 420 kg.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Pigeon Creek 64,910 61.2
Ewing Ditch 17,090 16.1
b. Minor tributaries & immediate .
drainage (non-point load) - 23,710 22.4
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 270 0.3
Total 105,985 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Pigeon Creek 92,695
3. Net annual N accumulation - 13,285 kg.
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km2/yr kg N/km2/yr
Pigeon Creek 23 1,189
Ewing Ditch 31 1,568
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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11
E. Yearly Loads:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loadings
are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider
and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his "dangerous" loading is
one at which the receiving water would become eutrophic or
remain eutrophic; his "permissible" loading is that which
would result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic
or becoming oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A meso-
trophic loading would be considered one between "dangerous"
and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m2/yr 8.32 1.68 423.9 53.1
Vollenweider phosphorus loadings
(g/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Pigeon Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic loading) 1.84
"Permissible" (oligotrophic loading) 0.92
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Natl. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
Winter, John, 1975.
IN Div. of Water
Personal communication (lake morphometry).
Poll. Contr., Indianapolis.
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VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
1805 CATARACT LAKE
1811 GEIST RESERVOIR
1617 JAMES LAKE
1827 MISSISSINEWA RESERVOIR
1828 MONROE RESERVOIR
1829 MORSE RESERVOIR
1836 HAWASEE LAKE
1837 WEBSTER LAKE
1839 WHITEWATER LAKE
1840 WINONA LAKE
186 OLIN LAKE
1847 OLIVER LAKE
1848 SYLVAN LAKE
1849 HOVEY LAKE
1850 VERSAILLES LAKE
1851 BASS LAKE
1852 CROOKED LAKE
1853 LAKE JAMES
1854 LONG LAKE
1855 PIGEON LAKE
1856 MARSH LAKE
1857 HAMILTON LAKE
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.058
0.074
0.024
0.107
0.025
0.084
0.012
0.035
0.084
0.03S
0.035
0.035
0.020
0.019
0.029
0.012
0.009
0.170
0.062
0.139
0.040
0.019
0.016
0.204
0.058
0.093
0.033
MEDIAN
INORG N
1.660
1.080
1.030
2.400
0.325
3.325
0.210
0.790
1.62C
1.250
0.860
0.900
0.220
0.195
0.830
1.460
0.920
0.130
1.050
1.090
0.250
0.120
0.190
1.920
1.945
0.270
0.720
500-
MEAN SEC
466.667
472.500
434.000
473.444
438. B23
473.222
364.500
431.000
470.167
444.667
427.125
440.333
400.400
391.500
413.333
403.333
392.000
469.833
489.333
482.000
471.375
410.111
352.444
442.667
442.067
451.333
413.167
MEAN
CHLORA
10.744
45.950
11.533
15.778
6.947
56.167
5.000
11.500
33.083
11.211
10.712
11.917
5.483
6.050
10.067
4.867
3.767
47.480
84.267
25.078
29.367
5.578
4.856
16.100
11.900
34.467
17.450
15-
MIN DO
15.000
11.600
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
14.600
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
14.900
14.800
14.800
7.600
14.500
7.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
MEDIAN
DISS ORTtiO P
0.013
0.009
0.008
0.029
0.00?
0.009
0.003
0.005
0.012
0.011
0.013
0.011
0.003
0.005
0.014
0.003
0.004
0.017
0.024
0.019
0.012
0.005
0.005
0.150
0.015
0.055
0.018
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE
1805
1811
1817
1837
1838
1829
1836
1837
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
LAKE NAME
CATARACT LAKE
GEIST RESERVOIR
JAMES LAKE
MISSISSINEWA RESERVOIR
MONROE RESERVOIR
MORSE RESERVOIR
WAWASEE LAKE
WEBSTER LAKE
WHITEWATER LAKE
WINONA LAKE
WESTLER LAKE
WITHER LAKE
LAKE MAXIKIKUCKEE
TIPPECANOE LAKE
DALLAS LAKE
OLIN LAKE
OLIVER LAKE
SYLVAN LAKE
HOVEY LAKE
VERSAILLES LAKE
BASS LAKE
CROOKED LAKE
LAKE JAMES
LONG LAKE
PIGEON LAKE
MARSH LAKE
HAMILTON LAKE
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
37 (
27 (
73 <
12 (
67 (
23 (
94 (
67 (
19 (
50 (
50 (
50 (
77 (
85 (
62 <
94 (
100 (
4 (
31 (
8 (
42 (
81 (
88 I
0 (
37 <
15 <
58 I
9)
7)
19)
3)
17)
6)
24)
17)
5)
12)
12)
12)
20)
22)
16)
24)
26)
1)
8)
2)
11)
21)
23)
0)
9)
4)
15)
MEDIAN
INORG N
15
35
42
4
69
0
85
62
19
27
54
50
81
88
58
23
46
96
38
31
77
100
92
12
8
73
65
< 41
( 9)
( 11)
( 1)
( 18)
( 0)
< 22)
I 16)
t 5)
( 7)
( 14)
< 131
( 21)
( 23)
( 15)
( 6)
( 12)
( 25)
( 10)
( 8)
( 20)
( 26)
( 24)
< 3)
( 2)
( 19)
( 17)
SOO-
MEAN SEC
31
15
58
8
54
12
96
62
23
38
65
50
85
92
69
81
88
27
0
4
19
77
100
44
44
35
73
( 8)
( 4)
( 15)
( 2)
( 14)
( 3)
< 25)
( 16)
( 6)
( 10)
< 17)
< 13)
( 22)
( 24)
( 18)
( 21)
( 23)
( 7)
( 0)
( 1)
( 5)
( 20)
( 26)
( 11)
< 11)
( 9)
( 19)
MEAN
CHLORA
62 (
12 (
50 (
38 (
73 (
4 (
88 (
54 (
19 (
58 I
65 (
42 <
85 (
77 (
69 (
92 (
100 I
8 I
0 I
27 (
23 (
81 (
96 (
35 (
46 I
15 (
31 (
16)
3)
13)
10)
19)
n
23)
14)
5)
15)
17)
11)
22)
20)
18)
24)
26)
2)
0)
7)
6)
21)
25)
9)
12)
4)
B)
15-
MIN oo
35
92
35
35
35
35
85
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
73
79
79
96
88
100
35
35
35
35
35
35
( 0)
( 24)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 22)
( 01
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
< 0)
( 19)
( 20)
( 20)
I 25)
( 23)
( 26)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
( 0)
< 0)
( 0)
MEDIAN
DISS ORTHO P
37 (
62 (
65 (
8 (
69 (
58 (
98 (
81 (
42 (
52 (
37 (
52 (
98 (
85 (
31 (
92 (
88 (
23 <
12 I
15 (
46 <
75 (
75 (
0 (
27 (
4 (
19 (
9)
16)
17)
2)
18)
15)
25)
21)
11)
13)
9)
13)
25)
22)
8)
24)
23)
6)
3)
4)
12)
19)
19)
0)
7)
1)
5)
INUEX
NU
217
243
323
105
367
132
546
361
157
260
306
279
461
462
324
455
501
237
177
173
307
449
486
126
197
177
281
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
1 1836 WAWASEE LAKE 546
2 18*7 OLIVER LAKE 501
3 1853 LAKE JAMES 486
4 1844 TIPPECANOE LAKE 462
5 1843 LAKE MAXINKOCKEE 461
6 1846 OLIN LAKE 455
7 1852 CROOKED LAKE 449
8 1828 MONROE RESERVOIR 367
9 1837 WEBSTER LAKE 361
10 1845 DALLAS LAKE 324
11 1817 JAMES LAKE 323
12 1851 BASS LAKE 307
13 1841 WE5TLER LAKE 306
14 1857 HAMILTON LAKE 281
15 1842 WITHER LAKE 279
16 1840 WINONA LAKE 260
17 1811 GEIST RESERVOIR 243
18 1848 SYLVAN LAKE 237
19 1805 CATARACT LAKE 217
20 1855 PIGEON LAKE 197
21 1856 MARSH LAKE 177
22 1849 HOVEY LAKE 177
23 1850 VERSAILLES LAKE 173
24 1839 WHITEWATER LAKE 157
25 1829 MORSE RESERVOIR 132
26 1854 LONG LAKE 126
27 1827 MISSISSINEWA RESERVOIR 105
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
-4
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds '
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR INDIANA
03/29/76
LAKE CODE 18S5
PIGEON LAKE
81.6
MAR
APR
MAY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE(SO KM)
SUB-DRAINAGE
TRIBUTARY AREA(SO KM) JAN FEB
1855A1
1855A2
I855B1
1855D1
1855ZZ
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE = 81.6
SUM OF SUB-DRAINAGE AREAS = 89.6
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CMS)
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CMS)
JUN JUL AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
MEAN
82.9
54.6
10.9
8.3
15.8
1.02
0.66
0.122
0.093
0.181
1.19
0.78
0.156
0.116
0.224
1.68
1.12
0.227
0.173
0.326
1.58
1.04
0.210
0.159
0.303
1.03
0.67
0.133
0.102
0.193
0.78
0.51
0.102
0.079
0.150
0.47
0.31
0.059
0.045
0.088
0.17
0.11
0.018
0.013
O.A27
0.16
0.10
0.018
0.014
0.027
0.17
0.11
0.019
0.014
0.028
0.41
0.27
0.054
0.040
0.076
0*74
0*49
0.102
0.079
0.147
0.76
O.S1
0.101
0.077
0.147
SUMMARY
TOTAL FLOW IN
TOTAL FLOW OUT
10.09
9.40
TRIBUTARY MONTH YEAR
1855A1
MEAN FLOW DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW
185SA2
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
74
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
74
74
74
0.719
0.564
0.362
0.162
0.114
0.120
0.300
0.697
0.855
0.736
0.691
0.595
0.481
0.377
0.243
0.108
0.077
0.081
0.201
0.467
0.572
0.493
0.462
0.399
9
15
12
19
15
11
8
17
10
10
7
5
9
15
12
19
IS
11
a
17
10
10
7
5
1.133
0.906
0.368
0.153
0.142
0.116
0.280
0.311
0.765
0.991
0.878
0.425
0.765
0.623
0.266
0.136
0.127
0.099
0.221
0.246
0.538
0.651
0.595
0.283
24
27
24
27
1.019
0.425
0.680
0.311
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR INDIANA
03/29/76
LAKE CODE 1855
PIGEON LAKE
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CMS)
TRIBUTARY MONTH YEAR MEAN FLOW DAY
1855B1
1855ZZ
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
I
2
3
4
5
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
74
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
74
74
74
0.182
0.142
0.091
0.041
0.029
0.030
0.076
0.176
0.215
0.185
0.175
0.150
0.264
0.207
0.133
0.059
0.042
0.044
0.110
0«255
0.314
0.269
0.255
0.218
9
15
12
19
15
11
8
17
10
10
7
5
9
15
12
19
15
11
8
17
10
10
7
5
FLOW DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW
0.091
0.071
0.025
0.003
0.0
0.0
0.017
0.020
0.059
0.079
0.065
0.031
0.130
0.102
0.037
0.003
o.@
0.0
0.025
0,028
0.085
0.116
0.093
0.045
24
27
24
27
0.082
0.031
0*119
0.045
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
185501
41 38 19.0 084 56 30.0 3
PIGEON LAKE
18151 INDIANA
083291
11EPALES 2111202
0033 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
73/05/03
73/08/06
73/10/15
00010
TIME DEPTH WATER
OF TEMP
DAY FEET CENT
11
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
17
17
17
17
17
05 0000
05 0006
05 0015
05 0022
05 0029
15 0000
15 0005
15 0010
15 0015
15 0020
15 0024
30 0000
30 0010
30 0015
30 0020
30 0034
12.7
12.7
10.6
8.7
8.0
22.1
21.3
16.8
12.3
10.7
9.7
16.7
15.7
12.7
9.3
8.3
00300 00077 00094
DO TRANSP CNDUCTVY
SECCHI FIELD
MG/L INCHES MICROMHO
8.8
7.5
5.8
5.1
9.2
0.6
0.0
0.2
7.2
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
60 615
600
615
615
625
66 642
612
520
480
462
453
50 556
555
494
467
462
00400 00410
PH T ALK
CAC03
SU MG/L
7.90
7.90
8.00
7.70
7.70
8.50
7.50
7.50
7.40
8.20
7.80
7.50
7.40
7.30
210
200
200
200
200
278
264
262
272
294
266
274
245
180
00610 00625 00630 00671
NH3-N TOT KJEL N02&N03 PHOS-OIS
TOTAL N N-TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P
0.090
0.090
0.100
0.170
0.380
0.080
0.180
0.300
0.920
0.080
0.060
0.560
1.680
2.010
1.400
1.300
1.200
1.400
1.400
1.900
2.000
1.700
2.SOO
l.SOO
0.900
1.800
3.100
4.600
r
3.000
3.000
2.700
3.000
2.700
1.430
1.S70
1.710
J"
0.800
0.050
0.050
0.060
0.090
0.090
0.004
o.ooa
0.004
0.002
0.007
0.005
0.015
0.012
0.028
0.029
0.028
0.031
0.072
0.183
00665
DATE TIME DEPTH PHOS-TOT
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET MG/L P
73/05/03 11 05 0000 0.023
11 05 0006 0.042
11 05 0015 0.035
11 05 0022 0.036
11 05 0029 0.028
73/08/06 10 15 0000 0.048
10 15 0010 0.040
10 15 0015 0.029
10 15 0024 0.084
73/10/15 17 30 0000 0.052
17 30 0010 0.074
17 30 0015 0.066
17 30 0020 0.088
17 30 0034 0.497
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
2.B
4.6
11.9
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
DATE
FROM
TO
73/05/03
73/08/06
73/10/15
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
11 40 0000
11 40 0006
11 40 0014
10 50 0000
10 50 0005
10 50 0010
10 50 0015
17 55 0000
17 55 0010
17 55 0015
00010
MATER
TEMP
CENT
13.2
12.3
9.2
20.6
20.1
15.0
10.1
16.9
15.3
9.7
185502
41 38 23.0 084 56 59.0 3
PIGEON LAKE
18151 INDIANA
083291
11EPALES
2111202
0018 FEET DEPTH CLASS
00300
DO
MG/L
8.4
6.4
2.2
1.8
0.2
0.2
8.0
0.6
0.0
00077
TRANSP
SECCHI
INCHES
60
60
48
00094
CNDUCTVY
FIELD
MICROHHO
660
650
625
640
614
513
470
565
575
500
00400
PH
SU
7.50
7.80
7.70
8.70
7.40
7.40
7.40
8.30
7.60
7.10
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
235
235
215
278
300
278
284
222
254
305
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.080
0.090
0.160
0.070
0.070
0.350
0.950
0.050
0.320
3.700
00
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.300
1.300
1.200
2.000
2.200
1.900
2.400
1.700
2.100
5.900
00630
NO2&N03
N- TOTAL
MG/L
2.600
2.600
2.600
1.630
1.810
1.670
0.700
0.030
0.110
0.050
00671
PHOS-OIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.004
0.006
0.007
O.OOS
0.015
0.042
0.052
0.030
0.029
0.348
00665 32217
DATE TIME DEPTH PHOS-TOT CHLRPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET MG/L P UG/L
73/05/03 11 40 0000 0.028 2.3
11 40 0006 0.039
11 40 0014 0.031
73/08/06 10 50 0000 0.064 38.8
10 50 0005 0.076
10 50 0010 0.066
10 50 0015 0.086
73/10/15 17 55 0000 0.065 11.0
17 55 0010 0.078
17 55 0015 0.375
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
1855A1
41 38 00.0 084 56 15.0 4
PIGEON CREEK
18 7.5 E ANGOLA
0/PIGEON LAKE 083291
US 20 BRDG 2.5 MI E OF ANGOLA
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
73/06/09
73/07/15
73/08/12
73/09/19
73/10/15
73/11/11
73/12/08
74/01/17
74/02/10
74/02/24
74/03/10
74/03/27
74/04/07
74/05/05
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 05
11 45
10 50
16 25
10 12
11 45
12 00
10 40
12 30
11 20
10 45
11 30
10 10
13 55
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
2.400
2.100
0.850
0.176
0.023
0.168
1.360
3.010
3.700
0.080
3.800
2.200
3.100
1.280
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
2.150
3.400
1.470
0.900
0.750
1.000
1.100
0.900
1.900
2.100
1.700
0.900
2.300
1.500
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.115
0.140
0.126
0.027
0.067
0.252
0.232
0.120
0.090
0.100
0.065
0.065
0.090
0.025
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.038
0.052
0.022
0*012
0.020
0.024
0.020
0.016
0.020
0.065
0.085
0.020
0.030
0.010
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.085
0.195
0.050
0.045
0.025
0.035
0.045
0.035
0.050
0.185
0.175
0.030
0.125
0.052
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
1855A2
41 38 48.0 084 55 39.0 4
PIGEON CREEK
18 7.5 E ANGOLA
I/PIGEON LAKE 083291
RO BROG 2.5 MI E OF ANGOLA
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
73/06/09
73/07/15
73/08/12
73/09/19
73/10/15
73/11/11
73/12/08
74/01/17
74/02/10
74/02/24
74/03/10
74/03/27
74/04/07
74/05/05
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 25
11 35
10 40
16 30
10 05
11 15
11 40
10 26
12 50
11 10
09 50
11 30
09 40
15 35
00630
NO 2*. NO 3
N-TOTAL
MG/L
2.800
1.820
0.600
0.340
0.180
0.260
3.080
2.400
3.300
0.540
5.000
2.300
3.300
1.120
00625
TOT KJEL •
N
MG/L
2.550
2.100
0.720
0.500
0.350
0.300
1.050
0.800
1.500
2.300
2.500
1.200
2.200
1.100
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.078
0.063
0.031
0.025
0.016
0.024
0.076
0.072
0.095
0.075
0.080
0.075
0.100
0.025
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.024
0.033
0.013
0.009
0.012
0.012
0*016
0.012
0.010
0.045
0.050
0.015
0.025
0.005
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.070
0.185
0.035
0.025
0.075
0.015
0.035
0.035
0.039
0.140
0.170
0.080
0.150
0.035
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
1855B1
41 38 40.0 084 56 44.0 4
EH ING DITCH
18 7.5 E ANGOLA
T/PIGEON LAKE 083291
BR 2 MI E OF ANGOLA JUST N OF PIGEON LK
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
73/06/09
73/07/15
73/08/12
73/09/19
73/10/15
73/11/11
73/12/08
74/01/17
74/02/10
74/02/24
74/03/10
74/03/27
74/04/07
74/05/05
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
12 40
11 50
10 30
16 00
10 00
11 00
11 30
10 15
10 00
11 09
11 00
11 30
09 30
15 30
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
3.600
2.900
2.300
5.100
3.500
5.800
5.200
4.620
1.500
0.720
2.900
4.100
3.960
3.200
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.760
2.900
1.700
1.260
1.300
0.950
1.300
1.200
1.300
1.500
2.000
1.400
2.000
1.400
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.069
0.088
0.036
0.040
0.037
0.028
0.040
0.112
0.200
0.055
0.045
0.040
0.145
0.030
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.048
0.078
0*026
0.021
0.026
0.016
0.020
0.012
0.060
0.045
0.170
0.020
0.040
0.012
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.095
0.240
0.075
0.055
0.070
0.050
0.070
0.040
0.095
0.120
0.255
0.052
0.180
0.060
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/03/30
185501
41 38 15.0 084 55 30.0 4
BERLIER DITCH
18 7.5 ANGOLA EAST
T/PIGEON LAKE 083291
CO RD 350E BROG 3.5 HI E OF ANGOLA
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
73/06/09
73/07/15
73/08/12
73/09/19
73/10/15
73/11/11
73/12/08
74/01/17
74/02/24
74/03/10
74/03/27
74/04/07
74/05/05
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 15
11 40
10 45
16 20
10 10
11 20
11 50
10 50
11 15
09 45
11 30
09 00
15 15
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
1.180
0.660
0.410
0.640
3.510
©.700
1.600
1.340
o.ioo
40,800
9o68®
1.760
0*430
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
2.100
1.980
1.400
0.546
0.625
3.000
1.300
0.90G
2,10®
1.600
1.300
1.600
1.100
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.065
0.063
0.050
0.044
0.032
@»028
@0@28
®o©4>8
®o2§5
@0©§@
®s@4@
0.060
©.055
00671
PHOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.092
0.085
0.082
0.052
0.063
0.116
0»©32
0«®I6
0«JL@5
0.@4®
0.02®
0.063
0.040
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
. 00155
00140
0.115
0a®95
©all©
®o46<9
@ol4>0
@o®«>©
©ol^S
©ol?©
©oOSffl
0.032
0.110
------- |