U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
LDOKXJT SHOALS LAIC
ALEXANDER, CATAWBA
AND IREDELi COUNTIES
NORTH CAROLINA
EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 385
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
"&GPO 697-O32
-------
REPORT
ON
LOOIWT SHOALS LAKE
ALEXANDER, CATAWBA
AND IREDELL COUNTIES
NORTH CAROLINA
EPA REGION IV
WORKING PAPER No, 385
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES
AND THE
NORTH CAROLINA NATIONAL GUARD
JUNE, 1975
804
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword 1i
List of North Carolina Study Lakes 1v
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 4
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 5
IV. Nutrient Loadings 9
V. Literature Reviewed 14
VI. Appendices 15
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds,
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b}] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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iii
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations {and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the North Carolina Department
of Natural and Economic Resources for professional involvement
and to the North Carolina National Guard for conducting the
tributary sampling phase of the Survey.
Lewis R. Martin, Director of the Division of Environmental
Management; Darwin L. Coburn, Chief of the Water Quality Section;
and Julian R. Taylor, Supervisor of the Monitoring Program Unit;
provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during the
Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and provided critiques
most useful in the preparation of this Working Paper series.
Major General William M. Buck, formerly Adjutant General of
North Carolina, and Project Officer Colonel Arthur 0. Bouchard,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the North Carolina National
Guardsmen, are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance
to the Survey.
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1v
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
LAKE NAME
Badln
Blewett Falls
Chatuge
Fontana
Hickory
High Rock
Hiwassee
James
John H. Kerr (Nut Bush Creek)
Junaluska
Lookout Shoals
Mountain Island
Norman
Rhodhiss
Santeetlah
Tillery
Waccamaw
Waterville
Wylie
COUNTY
Montgomery, Stanly
Anson, Richmond
Clay, NC; Towns, GA
Graham, Swain
Alexander, Caldwell,
Catawba
Davidson, Rowan
Cherokee
Burke, McDowell
Granvilie, Vance, Warren,
NC; Halifax, Mecklenburg,
VA
Haywood
Alexander, Catawba, Iredell
Gaston, Mecklenburg
Catawba, Iredell, Lincoln,
Mecklenburg
Burke, Caldwell
Graham
Montgomery, Stanly
Columbus
Haywood
Gaston, Mecklenburg, NC;
York, SC
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LOOKOUT SHOALS
LAKE
Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Plant
? " 1 ?
LOOKOUT
SHOALS
LAKE
N.C.
Map Location
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LOOKOUT SHOALS LAKE
STORE! NO. 3710
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Lookout Shoals Lake is eutrophic.
However, because the lake has a mean hydraulic retention time of
only seven days, it is nearly a free-flowing stream; and the term
"over-enriched" may be a more appropriate description of the
condition of the lake.
Lookout Shoals Lake ranked eighth in overall trophic quality
when the 14 North Carolina lakes sampled in 1973 were compared
using a combination of six parameters*. Seven of the lakes had
less median total phosphorus, seven had less and two had the
same median dissolved phosphorus, eight had less median inorganic
nitrogen, five had less mean chlorophyll a_, and six had greater
mean Secchi disc transparency.
Survey limnologists observed submerged aquatic vegetation
along the shoreline. Dissolved oxygen depression and a four-
to six-fold increase in chlorophyll iju along with significant
increases in phytoplankton numbers (see page 7), occurred in
July and September.
* See Appendix A.
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B. Rate-Liming Nutrient:
The algal assay results indicate that Lookout Shoals Lake
was limited by phosphorus at the time the sample was collected
03/30/73). The lake data substantiate phosphorus limitation;
i.e., the mean N/P ratios were 27/1 or greater at all stations
and sampling times.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, the only known
point source, the Taylorsville wastewater treatment plant,
contributed 1.8% of the total phosphorus load to Lookout Shoals
Lake.
The present phosphorus loading rate of 18.52 g/m2/yr is 4.5
times that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon,
1974) as a eutrophic rate (see page 13). Although Vollenweider's
model may not be applicable to lakes with short hydraulic reten-
tion times, the existing trophic condition of the lake is evidence
of excessive nutrient loads.
Since Lookout Shoals Lake is phosphorus limited, any reduction
of phosphorus inputs should result in at least some improvement
in the trophic condition of the lake. However, it is likely
that a significant improvement is dependent on point-source
phosphorus control upstream in the Catawba River drainage {see
Working Paper No. 380 "Report on Lake Hickory").
-------
An apparent loss of phosphorus occurred during the
sampling year (see page 11). This would not be expected to
occur and may be indicative of unmeasured point sources
discharging directly to the lake. Also note that the
apparent loss amounts to less than 0.5% of the total load
and is within the error range of the loading calculations.
Since the reservoir has a mean hydraulic retention time of
only 7 days, a high retention of phosphorus would not be
expected in any case.
2. Non-point sources—The phosphorus contribution of
non-point sources accounted for 98.2% of the total input to
Lookout Shoals Lake. The Catawba River contributed 93.1%,
the Lower Little River contributed 3.5%, and the remaining
tributaries contributed 0.7% of the total phosphorus load,
collectively. Ungaged tributaries were estimated to have
contributed a total pf 0.8%.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS1"
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 4.14 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 9.3 meters.
3. Maximum depth: >18.3 meters.
4. Volume: 38.5 x 106 m3.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 7 days (based on outlet flow)
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Drainage Mean flow
Name ' area (km2)* (m3/sec)*
Catawba River 3,392.9 53.0
Elk Shoal Creek (B-l) 13.7 0.2
Lower Little River 259.0 2.6
Elk Shoal Creek (E-l) 41.4 0.4
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 44.4 0.7
Totals 3,751.4 56.9
2. Outlet -
Catawba River 3,755.5** 60.5
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 148.9 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 119.9 centimeters.
t Table of metric conversions—Appendix B.
ft Park, 1974.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods,
1973-1976".
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Lookout Shoals Lake was sampled three times during the open-water
season of 1973 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each
time, samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
two stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station
(see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated
(4.6 m or near bottom to surface) sample was composited from the sta-
tions for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and during the
first visit, a single 18.9-liter depth-integrated sample was composited
for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was col-
lected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a_ analysis. The
maximum depths sampled were 18.3 meters at station 1 and 3.4 meters at
station 2.
The lake sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and
are summarized in the following table.
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A. SUMMARY OF PHYSICAL AND
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS fOW LOOKOUT SHOALS
STORET CODE 3710
PARAMETER
TEMP
DISS OXY (MG/LI
CNDCTVY (MCROMO)
PH (STAND UNITS)
TOT ALK (MG/L)
TOT P (MG/L)
ORTHO P (MG/L)
N02+N03 (MG/L)
AMMONIA (MG/L)
KJEL N (MG/L)
INORG N (MG/L)
TOTAL N (MG/L)
CHLRPYL A (UG/D
SECCHI (METERS)
1ST SAMPLING ( 3/30/73)
2 SITES
RANGE
11.8
8.6
50.
7.2
10.
0.059
0.011
0.260
0.110
0.300
0.370
0.560
1.5
0.5
- 12.6
9.0
50.
7.7
10.
- 0.072
- 0.019
- 0.270
- 0.140
- 0.6«0
- 0.410
- 0.860
1.7
0.5
MEAN
12.2
8.8
50.
7.5
10.
0.065
0.013
0.267
0.132
0.362
0.400
0.630
1.6
O.S
MEDIAN
12.2
8.8
50.
7.6
10.
X>.065
0.012
0.270
0.140
0.300
0.410
0.570
1.6
0.5
2ND SAMPLING ( T/ 7/73)
2 SITES
RANGE
22.6
1.2
55.
6.3
12.
0.019
0.005
0.160
0.090
0.208
0.260
0.380
2.0
1.0
- 26.9
7.5
60.
7.1
23.
- 0.044
- 0.009
- 0.200
- 0.330
- 0.5*0
- B. 490
- 0.660
3.6
1.5
MEAN
24.0
4.7
57.
6.6
17.
0.025
0.007
0.184
• .169
».3»e
0.352
0.484
2.H
1.3
MEDIAN
23.4
4.8
55.
6.5
18.
0.023
0.006
0.180
0.160
• .250
0.350
0.440
2.8
1.3
3RD SAMPLING 1 9/24/73)
2 SITES
RANGE
23.2
3.4
46.
6.4
15.
0.018
».0»6
0.120
0.1M
0.400
0.240
0.520
6.0
0.9
- 25.3
8.2
49.
7.7
19.
- 0.03*
- 0.011
- 4.140
- »,21*
- 1.500
- 0.330
- 1.640
- 10.4
l.S
ME AM
23.8
5.0
48.
6.8
18.
0.024
• .•Oft
0.130
0.155
0.6*3
0.285
0.813
a. 2
1.4
MEDIAN
23.6
4. a
4«.
6.6
18.
0.025
0-»»7
0.130
0.155
0.500
0.280
0.630
8.2
1.4
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
03/30/73
07/07/73
09/24/73
2. Chlorophyll a_ -
Sampling
Date
03/30/73
07/07/73
09/24/73
Dominant
Genera
1. Meloslra
2. Lyngbya
3. Pennate diatoms
4. Mallomonas
5. Scenedesmus
Other genera
Total
1. Cyclotella
2. Lyngbya
3. Flagellates
4. Chlamydomonas
5. Klrchneriella
Other genera
Total
1. Raphidiopsis
2. Chroococcus
3. Microcystis
4. Lyngbya
5. Kirchneriella
Other genera
Total
Station
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
Algal units
per ml
613
123
46
46
15
93
936
2,440
6,303
Chlorophyll a_
1.7
1.5
3.6
2.0
10.4
6.0
-------
0.020
0.070
0.070
0.020
0.492
0.492
1.492
1.492
1.6
8.8
22.3
1.1
8
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N Maximum yield
Spike (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) (mq/1-dry wt.)
Control
0.050 P
0.050 P + 1.0
1.0 N
2. Discussion -
The control yield of the assay alga, Se1enastrum c a p r i -
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
of Lookout Shoals Lake was moderate at the time the sample
was collected (03/30/73). Also, the five-fold increase in
yield when phosphorus was added indicates that the body of
water was limited by phosphorus at that time. Note that the
addition of only nitrogen resulted in a yield not significantly
different than that of the control.
The lake data substantiate phosphorus limitation; i.e.,
the mean N/P ratios were 27/1 or greater at all stations
and sampling times.
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the North Carolina
National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each
of the tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the
high runoff months of January and February when two samples were col-
lected. Sampling was begun in March, 1973, and was completed in
February, 1974.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the North Carolina District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for
the tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were deter-
mined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loads shown are
those measured minus point-source loads, if any.
Nutrient loads for unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate
drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated using the means of the
nutrient loads, in kg/km2/year, at stations B-l and E-l and multiply-
ing the means by the ZZ area in km2.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Pop. Mean Flow Receiving
Name Served Treatment (m3/d) Water
Taylorsville* 1,231 trickling 465.9** Stirewalt Creek
2. Known industrial - None
* Anonymous, 1971; population shown is 1970 census.
** Flow estimated at 0.3785 m3/capita/day.
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11
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg P/ % of
Source ^r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Catawba River 71,355 93.1
Elk Shoal Creek (B-l) 245 0.3
Lower Little River 2,690 3.5
Elk Shoal Creek (E-l) 325 0.4
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 575 0.8
c. Known municipal STP's -
Taylorsville 1,395 1.8
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 70_ 0.1
Total 76,655 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Catawba River 77,025
3. Net annual P loss - 370 kg.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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12
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Catawba River 1,155,610 91.8
Elk Shoal Creek (B-1) 6,105 0.5
Lower Little River 65,980 5.3
Elk Shoal Creek (E-l) 8,195 0.6
b. Minor tributaries & imediate
drainage (non-point load) - 14,275 1.1
c. Known municipal STP's -
Taylorsville 4,185 0.3
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None - .. -
f. Direct precipitation* - 4.470 0.4
Total 1,258,830 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Catawba River 1,242,605
3. Net annual N accumulation - 16,225 kg.
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tri butary kg P/km2/yr kg N/km2/yr
Catawba River 21 341
Elk Shoal Creek (B-1) 18 446
Lower Little River 10 255
Elk Shoal Creek (E-l) 8 198
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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13
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenwelder (Vollen-
weider and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his "dangerous" rate
is the rate at which the receiving water would become eutrophic
or remain eutrophic; his "permissible" rate is that which would
result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming
oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
TptaT_ Accumulated Total Accumulated^
grams/m2/yr 18.52 loss* 304.1 3.9
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/ro2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Lookout Shoals Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 4.10
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 2.05
* There was an apparent loss of phosphorus during the sampling year.
This would not be expected even in a lake with a retention time of
only seven days. The loss may be have been due to solubilization
of previously sedimented phosphorus, unknown and unsampled point
sources discharging directly to the lake, or may have been within
the error of the loading estimates since the difference is very
smal1.
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14
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Anonymous, 1971. Inventory of municipal waste facilities. EPA
Publ. OWP-1, vol. 4, Washington, DC.
Park, Dave, 1974. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
NC Dept. of Nat. & Econ. Resources, Raleigh.
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Natl. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
Weiss, Charles M., 1972. A proposal to the Water Resources
Research Institute of the University of North Carolina. The
trophic state of North Carolina lakes, covering the period
July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973. U. of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill.
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VI. APPENDICES
15
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKES RANKED BY INOEA -M
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE. NAME
INDEX NO
1 3719
2 3716
3 3711
4 3707
5 3704
6 3713
7 3708
8 3710
9 3715
10 370S
11 3717
12 370V
13 3702
14 371d
IS 3701
16 3706
LAKE rtACCAMAW
SANTEELAH LAKE
MOUNTAIN ISLAND LAKE
HIWASSEE LAKE
FONTANA LAKE.
LAKE NORMAN
LAKE JAMES
LOOKUUT SHOALS
RHODHISS LAKE
LAKE HICKORY
LAKE T1LLEKY
LAKE JUNALUSKA
8LEWETT FALLS LAKE
WATEKVILLE RESERVOIR
8A01N LAKE
HIGH ROCK LAKE
446
419
414
392
346
334
327
296
283
246
220
200
140
124
76
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LAKE UAfA TO BE UStiJ iN
LrtKE
COOE LAKE MAM£
3701 tiAUiN LAKE
3702 HLEwETT FALLS LAKt.
3704 FUNTANA LAKE
3705 LAKE HICKOur
370b HIGH HOCK LAKt
3707 HlwASSfE LAKE
3708 LAKE JAMES
370^ LAKE JONALUSKA
3710 LOOKOUT SnOALS
3711 MOUNTAIN 1SLANO LAKE
3713 LAKE NO«MAN
3715 rtnOUdlSS LAKE
3716 SANTEF.LAH
3717 LA(\t
371d WATtKVILLE
LAKt WACOMAW
rtEUi AN
TOTAL K
0.04?
o.ovo
0.011
0.0*7
0.09C
0.015
0.020
0.031
0.026
O.OlH
0.019
0.001
0.011
0.041;
0.103
O.OH
Mt.01 AN
0.680
0.665
0.550
0.320
O.SMO
0.2*0
0.160
0.560
0.370
0.270
0.330
0.305
O.lbO
0.470
0.860
0.120
MtAN StC
4bt> * 75 0
4 7to. 88*j
392.650
461.000
477.454
420. bb5
428.8^
4&2.000
4b*.167
462.000
44b.b67
4b2.111
3bh.400
468. bOO
4bb.j33
4S5.667
MEAN
CrlLOKA
7.1*0
t.167
3.438
7.275
It. 283
S.678
7.660
7.233
4.200
5,580
S.B07
3.578
b.300
b.827
3.817
3.583
HIM (JO
14.-JOO
10.800
14.900
13.400
14.800
14.200
14.800
It. 200
13.800
12.800
14.800
13.600
14. HOG
13.600
1<*.HOO
9.800
MLlJlAN
OISS OKfrlU P
O.OU
0.1.3'+
O.OO/
0.008
0.01 I
0.007
O.OOb
0.004
0.008
O.OOb
0.005
0.01*
O.OOb
O.ooa
0.041
0.004
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PERCENT OF LAKES KITH HlGhtH VALUES (NUMbEk OF LAKES WITH HIGHEK VALUtS)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
3701 6ADIN LAKE
37U2 6LEWETT FALLS LAKE
3704 FONTANA LAKE
3705 LAKE HICKORr
370b HIGH ROCK LAKE
3707 HIWASSFE LAKE
370B LAKE JAMES
37U9 LAKE JUNALUSKA
3710 LUOKOUT SHOALS
3/11 MOUNTAIN ISLAND LAKE
3713 LAKE NOKMAiM
3715 RMODHIS5 LAKE
3716 SANTEELAH LAl\E
3717 LAKE TILLEKY
3718
3719 LAKE
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
33
7
100
37
13
87
60
47
53
73
h7
20
93
40
0
rtO
< 5)
( 1)
( 15)
( 4)
< ?>
( 13)
( 9)
( 7)
< to
< 11)
( 10)
( 3)
( 14)
< 6)
( 0)
( 121
MEDIAN
INOW(i N
7 <
13 (
J3 (
60 <
20 <
60 (
87 1
21 (
47 (
73 (
b3 I
fc>7 (
93 <
40 (
0 (
100 <
I)
2)
5)
9)
3)
12)
13)
4)
7)
11)
6)
10)
14)
6)
0)
lb!
500-
MEAN SEC
27 (
7 (
V3 (
53 (
0 (
87 (
60 (
43 (
60 (
43 <
73 <
J3 (
100 (
13 <
ao <
67 (
4)
1)
14)
d)
0)
13)
12)
6)
•>)
6)
11)
5)
Ib)
2)
j)
10)
MEAN
CHLO^A
27 (
73 (
100 (
13 (
0 (
47 (
7 (
20 (
67 (
53 (
40 (
93 (
60 <
J3 (
(30 (
87 <
4)
11)
15)
2)
0)
7)
1)
3)
10)
B)
b)
14)
9)
5)
12)
13)
15-
MIN DO
3 (
93 (
3 (
80 <
23 (
50 <
23 (
50 <
60 (
87 (
23 (
70 (
23 <
70 (
40 (
100 (
0)
14)
0)
12)
2)
7)
2)
7)
9)
13)
2)
10)
2)
10)
6)
15)
MEDIAN
OISS OKTHO P
27
7
63
50
20
63
77
33
40
90
90
13
77
50
0
100
( 4)
( 1)
< 9)
< 7)
( 3>
( 9)
( 11)
( 5)
( 6)
( 13)
( 13)
( 2)
< 11)
{ 7)
( 0)
< 15)
INUEX
NO
124
200
392
283
76
414
334
220
327
419
346
296
446
246
140
534
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSIONS FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Moters x 3.281 = feet
-4
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR NORTH CAROLINA
10/21/75
LAKE CODE 3710
LOOKOUT SrlOALS RESERVOIR
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKEiSQ Ml) 1450.00
FE8
SUB-DRAINAGE
TklHUTARY AREA
-------
LAKE CODE 3710
TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR NORTH CAROLINA
LOOKOUT SHOALS RESERVOIR
10/21/75
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CFS>
TRIBUTARY MONTH YEAR
3710B1
371001
3710E1
3710ZZ
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12
1
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
1?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12
1
2
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
74
74
MEAN FLOW DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW
25.00
20.00
19.00
11.00
8.00
7.00
5.00
5.60
4.60
14.00
14.00
13.00
325.00
370.00
260.00
160.00
110.00
130.00
72.00
77.00
78.00
200.00
195.00
175.00
52.00
61.00
41.00
25.00
16.00
20.00
11.00
12.00
12.00
34.00
21.00
19.00
70.00
70.00
55.00
35.00
24.00
25.00
16.00
17.00
15.00
35.00
50.00
40.00
24
15
20
23
2*
19
9
21
16
16
5
9
24
15
20
23
24
19
9
21
IB
11
5
9
24
15
20
23
24
19
9
21
18
16
5
9
15.00
14.00
11.00
12.00
8.00
6.70
4.60
4.00
3.90
7.20
14.00 19
16.00 24
19S.OO
190.00
160.00
165.00
105.00
220.00
70.00
6S.OO
65.00
128.00
195.00 19
225.00 24
30.00
29.00
25.00
19.00
16.00
35.00
11.00
10.00
10,00
10.00
30.00 19
35.00 24
6.80
1S.OO
100.00
180.00
14.00
28.00
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
bTWET KtTNltVAl,
371UH1
35 47 4S.O 081 05 45.0
LOOKUUf IjMiMLS
37C35 NtWTH CAROLINA
DATE
FSOM
TO
73/OJ/3U
73/07/07
73/09/2**
Ti^e OE^TH »
UK
DAY FEET
15
15
IS
15
15
09
U9
09
1)9
09
11
11
11
11
50
50
50
60
50
30
30
30
30
30
10
10
10
10
0000
0004
0015
0030
0050
0000
0005
0015
0040
U060
uooo
0013
U03t>
0055
TEMP
CtNT
12
12
12
1 1
11
26
?5
24
23
22
25
23
23
33
.6
.3
.U
.9
.3
.9
.7
.4
.7
.6
.3
.9
.6
.2
00
MG/L
a.
8.
8.
8.
7.
5.
4.
1.
8.
4.
4.
J.
7
8
b
9
5
1
7
2
2
ti
0
^
C0300 00077 COO1
TfirtMSH CNDUC
SECCHl FltLO
INCHES MI CHOI
18
60
72
lltPALES
14
VV
IHU
SDK
50K
50K
50K
50K
60
bS
57
55
60
46
47
47
49
J
00400
HH
su
7.30
7.20
7.60
7.60
7.70
7.10
6,ao
6.50
6.50
6.30
7.70
6.90
6.70
6.50
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
10K
10K
10K
10K
10*
18
17
18
19
23
18
16
15
18
2111202
0055
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
Mu/L
0.120
0.140
0.140
0.140
0.140
0.090
0.090
0.130
0.1SO
0.3JO
0.100
0.140
0.160
0.210
FEET DEPTH
0062S
TUT KJEL
N
MG/L
0.400
0.300
0.400
0.300
0.300
0.400
0.200K
0.200K
0.300
0.500
l.SOO
0.500
0.500
0.500
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.270
0.270
0.270
0.270
0.270
0.170
0.1SO
0.180
0.160
0.160
0.140
0.130
0.130
0.120
00671
PHOS-UIS
UHTrlO
MG/L P
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.012
0.011
0.009
O.OOS
O.OOS
0.009
0.006
0.011
0.007
0.007
0.007
00<36b J?217
U>\Te TIME OEPIH HMOS-UT CHLHPHl-L
Ff)UM OF" k
TO DAY FEET MG/L H UC./L
1.7
73/03/30
73/0//07
73/09/2^
IS
IS
15
It.
15
09
t'9
09
U9
1)9
11
11
11
1 1
50
'.O
50
50
50
30
30
30
30
30
10
10
10
10
ouou
OOU4
UOlS
0033
0050
OUOJ
OoOb
0(115
UU4U
0060
OUOO
0015
(1035
u'Ca^s
C
ft
•J
ti
ii
0
k
0
it
0
j
u
0
U
.Cb4
.Ot>7
.06H
.Ubb
.07t>
.0?4
.0?4
.oaj
.023
.Uit
.0?b
.020
.01.-)
,u?r
10.4
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
RETRIEVAL OATt
371002
35 45 30.0 OBI 08 00.0
LOOKOUT SHOALS
37035 NORTH CAROLINA
11EPALES
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/30
73/07/07
73/09/24
DATE
FHOM
TO
73/03/30
73/07/07
73/OS»/24
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
16 25 0000
16 25 0004
16 25 0011
10 ?5 0000
10 25 0005
10 25 0011
11 45 0000
11 45 0004
TIME DEPTH
OF
OAT FEET
16 25 0000
Ib 25 0004
16 25 0011
10 25 0000
10 25 OOOb
10 25 0011
11 45 0000
11 45 0004
00010
riATEk
TEMP
CENT
12.2
12.3
12.2
23.2
22. ti
22.7
23. to
23.5
00665
PH05-TOT
HG/L P
0.0 bb
0.062
0.061
C.024
0.019
0.02G
0.030
0.0?5
003UO
DO
MG/L
9.
8.
4.
4.
4.
5.
32217
0
9
ti
8
8
0
00077 00094
THANSP ClMDUCTtfY
SECCH1 FIELD
INCHES M1CSOMHO
18 50K
SO*
SOtv.
4u 55
55
55
37 48
49
3
00400
PH
SU
7.60
7.60
7.60
6.70
6.50
6.50
6.60
6.40
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
10K
10K
10K
20
12
12
19
19
2111202
0015
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.140
0.110
0.130
0.210
0.180
0.170
0.170
0.150
fEET DEPTH
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
0.300
0.300
0.600
0.400
0.200K
0.200
0.700
0.400
00630
N02tN03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.270
0.260
0.260
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.140
0.120
00671
PMOS-OIS
OHTHO
MG/L P
0.019
0.012
0.013
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.006
ChLHPHVL
A
UG/L
1.
2.
6.
b
0
0
K VALUE KNOMN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
RETRIEVAL. DATE fb/lu/20
371UA1 L:>3Y10A1
35 45 30.0 Odl 05 30.0
CATAWdA rilVh'R
37087 MAP IKEUELL CO
0/LOOKUUT SHOALS KESvK
UNAMEU rtU tWOu btLU LUOKOUI SHOALS DAM
11EHALES 2111204
4 0000 FtET DEPTH
DATE
FkOM
TO
73/03/24
73/04/15
73/05/20
73/06/23
73/07/24
73/08/19
73/10/21
73/li/lH
73/12/16
74/01/Ob
7^/01/1^
7^/02/04
7^/02/2^
OC63U J06P5
TIME DEPTH (^02f.N03 TOT KJEL
OF "j- TOTAL N
DAY FEEI
10
12
11
09
I4*
09
1C
I-*
10
10
0^
U9
09
15
00
S5
20
^0
<«5
05
35
?0
00
15
?0
00
Mb/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
u
0
0
0
c
0
.220
.2tl
.161
. !:><•
.150
.1^0
.132
.140
.Ufa
.168
.300
.252
.2*0
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
?70
350
230
SOO
480
970
tso
350
300
900
400
200
400
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-DIS PHOb-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
c.
c.
0.
0.
070
066
063
132
140
231
072
040
066
076
oae
075
Ob5
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
021
017
012
OOSK
005K
005K
014
012
012
008
020
022
015
MG/L P
0.050
0.045
0.045
0.02C
0.025
0.033
0.01S
0.040
0.030
0.030
0.070
0.06b
0.055
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STOrtEf RETRIEVAL DATE 75/10/20
3710A2 LS3710A2
35 49 30.0 OBI 11 30.0
CATAwtiA KIVER
37 MAP CATAWBA CU
I/LOOKOUT SHOALS RESVK
HidY 16 BHDG JUST BELU LAKE HICKCW UAM
HEVALES 2111204
300
BOO
400
300
300
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-DIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0
0
0
c
0
0
c
0
0
0
0
0
0
.087
.063
.084
.230
.273
.150
.154
.080
.109
.232
.088
.085
.065
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
o.
0.
0.
0.
0*
0.
0.
0.
p
022
022
013
OObK
005K
005K
013
012
016
012
024
025
020
MG/L P
0.065
0.045
0.040
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.032
0.035
0.040
0.065
0.065
0.055
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STOKET HETtflEVAL DAFti
371UH1 LS3710H1
Jb 47 30.0 J81 Od 30.0
ELK SHOALS CRttK (CATAWBA CO)
37 MAP CATAWBA CO
T/LOOKOUT briOALS KtSVH
BHDO ON UNAMEO RL) 3 MI E OF'HWY
UEPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET
DATE
FHOM
TO
73/03/24
73/04/15
73/05/20
73/06/23
73/07/2".
73/Ori/ 14
73/IU/21
73/11/18
73/12/16
7*+/U 1/05
74/01/14
74/U2/U*
74/02/24
00630 0062S
TIME DEPTrl NOV*1N03 TOT KJEL
OF M- TOTAL N
U*O
10
12
12
09
20
10
10
14
10
11
OS)
u9
09
r FEET
*5
?0
15
3S
05
10
?5
55
35
00
35
45
30
M(j/L ^G/L
0
0
0
0
(j
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
il
.250
.160
.105
.260
.2S*0
.240
.lla
.052
.2<+0
.600
.300
* 2** J
.290
0.
0.
u*
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
u.
0.
u.
180
580
320
270
4?0
600
900
100K
100
700
fOO
100K
600
1)0610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-DIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL ORTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
u.
c.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
n.
0.
0.
013
020
018
050
066
072
042
016
052
276
044
020
060
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
Olb
026
008
00
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 7S/1U/20
3710D1 LS371001
35 51 00.0 OHl 11 00.0
LOWER MIDDLE HIVER
JJ MAP ALEXANDER CO
T/LOOKOUT SHOALS KESVK
drtUG ON UNNAMED CO RD IN MILLEKSV1LLE
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FRDM
TO
73/03/24
73/04/15
73/05/20
73/06/23
73/07/2<*
73/OH/19
73/10/21
73/ll/ia
73/12/11
74/01/05
74/01/H
74/02/09
74/02/24
OOb3(J 0062S
IIME DEPTH IM026.N03 TOT KJEL
OF H-TOTAL N
DAY F££T
10
11
11
09
20
09
09
15
13
14
U9
13
10
00
30
30
30
30
10
30
00
30
00
30
30
00
MG/L
0
u
0
u
0
u
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.294
.250
.250
.273
.2^4
.2YA
.231
.1S>2
.312
.<4lU
.3E.2
.2ea
.2S*0
MG/L
0.
0.
2.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
330
250
100
J70
340
200
500
2SO
400
100
100K
700
300
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-OIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL OKTHO
MG/L
0.
U.
0.
0.
0.
0.
u.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
075
088
090
066
064
425
054
04Q
056
044
056
450
005
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0*
0.
0.
0.
P
010
015
019
014
015
023
048
032
028
005K
020
020
020
MG/L P
0.030
0.035
0.050
0.045
0.055
0.070
0.055
0.015
0.050
0.060
0.070
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STOKET KtTKIEVAL DATE 75/10/2U
3710E1 LS371CE1
35 48 JO.O 081 06 00.0
ELK bHOALS CKEiK (ALEXANDER CO)
37 MAP ALEXANDER CO
T/LOOKOUT SHOALS HESVK
brtDG ON HO 1.9 NW IKEOELL-ALEXANDEk CO L
11EPALES 2111204
^ 0000 FEtT DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
73/03/24
73/04/15
73/05/20
73/06/23
73/u7/24
73/Orf/19
73/10/21
73/11/ld
73/12/16
7^/01/05
74/01/14
7^/02/0^
7
------- |