U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
CONNEAUT LAKE
CRAWFORD COUNT/
PENNSYLVANIA
EPA REGION III
WORKING PAPER No, 417
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•&GPO 697-O32
-------
REPORT
ON
CONNEAUTLAkE
CRAWFORD COUNTY
PENNSYLVANIA
EPA REGION III
WORKING PAPER No,
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
AND THE
PENNSYLVANIA NATIONAL GUARD
JUNE, 1975
-------
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword i i
List of Pennsylvania Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 4
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 5
IV. Nutrient Loadings 9
V. Literature Reviewed 14
VI. Appendices 15
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FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation- .
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)]> water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)]» clean lakes [§314(a,b)]s
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
Ill
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophi cation Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S, Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Resources for professional involvement and to
the Pennsylvania National Guard for conducting the tributary
sampling phase of the Survey.
Walter A. Lyon, Director of the Bureau of Water Quality
Management, Richard M. Boardman, Chief of the Division of Water
Quality, and James T. Ulanoski, Aquatic Biologist of the Division
of Water Quality, provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the•Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and
provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this Working
Paper series.. .
Major General Harry J. Mier, Jr., the Adjutant General of
Pennsylvania, and Project Officer Major Ronald E. Wickard, who
directed the volunteer efforts of the Pennsylvania National
Guardsmen, are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance
to the Survey.
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NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA
LAKE NAME
Allegheny Reservoir
Beaver Run Reservoir
Beltzville
Blanchard Reservoir
Canadohta
Conneaut
Conewago (Pinchot)
Greenlane
Harveys
Indian
Naomi
Ontelaunee
Pocono
Pymatuning Reservoir
Shenango River Reservoir
Stillwater
Wallenpaupack
COUNTY
McKean, Warren, PA;
Cattaraugus, NY
Westmoreland
Carbon
Centre
Crawford
Crawford
York
Montgomery
Luzerne
Somerset
Monroe
Berks
Monroe
Crawford, PA;
Ashtabula, OH
Mercer
Monroe
Pike, Wayne
-------
Conneout
Lolie
* " I A"-*-' .-!-. Pork
CONNEAUT LAKE
Tributary Sampling Site
x Lake Sampling Site
2Km.
Scale
Map Location
-------
CONNEAUT LAKE*
STORE! NO. 4204
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data and a report by others (Ketelle and Uttormark,
1971) indicate that Conneaut Lake is eutrophic. It ranked
eleventh in overall trophic quality when the 17 Pennsylvania
lakes sampled in 1973 were compared using a combination of
six lake parameters**. Nine of the lakes had less median
total phosphorus, nine had less and one had the same median
dissolved phosphorus, seven had less median inorganic nitrogen,
seven had less mean chlorophyll a_, and five had greater mean
Secchi disc transparency. Marked depression of dissolved
oxygen with depth occurred at both sampling stations in July
and at station 1 in October, 1973.
Survey limnologists did not observe any algal concentrations
but noted the occurrence of submerged and emergent aquatic
vegetation in the cove to the east of sampling station 2.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
There was a significant loss of phosphorus between the time
of sample collection and the beginning of the assay and the
results are not representative of conditions in the lake at
the time the sample was taken.
* Table of metric conversions—Appendix A.
** See Appendix B.
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The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in April but
nitrogen limitation in July and October.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources--There were no known phosphorus point
sources during the sampling year. Shoreline dwellings are
served by a wastewater treatment plant which discharges to
the outlet stream.
Wild ducks and geese were estimated to have contributed
less than 2% of the phosphorus load.
The present loading rate of 0.51 g/m2/yr is well below
that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon, 1974)
as a eutrophic rate (see page 13). Nonetheless, the lake is
eutrophic, and all phosphorus inputs should be minimized to
the greatest practicable degree.
2. Non-point sources—The phosphorus load from non-point
sources, including precipitation, amounted to 98.4% of the
total load reaching the lake during the sampling year. The
unnamed streams B~l and D-l contributed 39.2% of the total
while minor tributaries and immediate drainage were estimated
to have contributed 55.8% of the total phosphorus load. The
ungaged drainage area of Conneaut Lake includes a major portion
of the total drainage area (58%); consequently, the load is
quite large (sampling at station C-l was complicated by high
-------
water levels of the lake during the year, and the drainage area
for this station was included in the "ungaged area").
The non-point phosphorus export rates of the sampled tribu-
taries ranged from 22 to 31 kg/km2/yr during the sampling year
(see page 12). These rates are somewhat higher than those of
unimpacted Pennsylvania streams sampled elsewhere and may be
due to unidentified point source discharges.
-------
II.
LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 3.78 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 7.3 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 20.1 meters.
4. Volume: 27.594 x 106 m3.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 106 days (based on outlet flow).
B. Tributary and Outlet:
{See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name
Unnamed Stream (B-l)
Unnamed Stream (D-l)
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage -
Totals
2. Outlet -
Conneaut outlet
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 116.0 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 102.8 centimeters.
Drainage
area (km2)*
4.6
20.8
40.5
65.9
69.7**
Mean flow
(m3/sec)*
0.1
0.5
2.0
2.6
3.0
t Ulanoski, 1975.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods,
1973-1976".
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Conneaut Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1973 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from two
stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station (see
map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (4.6 m to
surface) sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton
identification and enumeration; and during the first visit, a single
18.9-liter depth-integrated sample was composited for algal assays.
Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of
the stations for chlorophyll a. analysis. The maximum depths sampled
were 14.6 meters at station 1 and 9.1 meters at station 2.
The lake sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and
are summarized in the following table.
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ft. SUMMAkf OF PHYSICAL AND
CHEMICAL CHAKACIEKISTICS FOH CONNEAUI LAKE
STOrtET CODE
PARAMETER
TEMP
DISS OXC (MG/L)
CNDCTVr (MCROMO)
PH (STAND UNITS)
TOT ALK
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
04/21/73
07/27/73
10/05/73
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flagellates
Asterionella
Cyclotella
Stephanodiscus
Fragilaria
Other genera
Total
Anabaena
Stephanodiscus
Cryptomonas
Dinobryon
Flagellates
Other genera
Total
Anabaena
Stephanodiscus
Flagellates
Cryptomonas
Ceratium
Other genera
Algal Units
per ml
335
22Q
176
132
97
27
987
228
178
152
127
102
204
991
145
105
105
53
26
79
Total
513
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8
2. Chlorophyll a_ -
Chlorophyll a_
(yg/1)
3.1
5.0
7.5
7.4
16.5
5.9
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
There was a 16% loss of orthophosphorus between the time
of sample collection and the beginning of the assay, and the
results are not representative of conditions in the lake at
the time the sample was taken.
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in April {the
N/P ratio was 41/1), nitrogen limitation in July {N/P = 12/1),
and a borderline nitrogen limitation in October (N/P = 13/1).
Sampling
Date
04/21/73
07/27/73
10/05/73
Station
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Pennsylvania
National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each
of the tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the
high runoff month of February when two samples were collected. Samp-
ling was begun in May, 1973, and was completed in April, 1974.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the Pennsylvania District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were deter-
mined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loads shown are
those measured minus point-source loads, if any.
Nutrient loads for unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate
drainage" ("II" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated using the means of the
nutrient exports, in kg/km2/year, at stations B-l and D-l and multi-
plying the means by the ZZ area in km2.
Nutrient loads for station C-l were not calculated because of
inundation of the sampling site during part of the year when high lake
water levels occurred; however, the analytical data are included in
Appendix E.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
Estimates of nutrient contributions by wild ducks and geese were
based on the following numbers of waterfowl using Conneaut Lake as
provided by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources
{Ulanoski, 1975):
Summer resident ducks 50
Summer resident geese 50
Migratory ducks 1,000
Migratory geese 300
In calculating the nutrient loads, the following assumptions were
made:
1. Each wild duck contributes 0.45 kg total nitrogen and
0.20 kg total phosphorus per year (Paloumpis and Starrett,
1960).
2. Each wild goose contributes the same amount as one duck
since geese typically feed in fields away from the lake
several hours each day.
3. Summer or winter resident waterfowl are at the lake for
six months of the year.
4. Migratory waterfowl spend a total of one month per year
at the lake; i.e., 15 days during Spring migration and 15
days during Fall migration.
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11
A. Point Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 100 5.2
Unnamed Stream (D-l) 655 34.0
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 1,075 55.8
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - None
e. Known industrial - None
f. Ducks and geese - 30 1.6
g. Direct precipitation* - 65 3.4
Total 1,925 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Conneaut outlet 1,345
3. Net annual P accumulation - 580 kg.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
-------
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 2,310 4.7
Unnamed Stream (D-l) 17,885 36.6
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 27,580 56.4
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - None
e. Known industrial - None
f. Ducks and geese - 70 0.1
g. Direct precipitation* - 4,080 8.2
Total 48,925 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Conneaut outlet 65,515
3. Net annual N loss - 16,590 kg.
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km2/yr kg N/km2/yr
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 22 502
Unnamed Stream (D-l) 31 860
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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13
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollen-
weider and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his "dangerous" rate
is the rate at which the receiving water would become eutrophic
or remain eutrophic; his "permissible" rate is that which would
result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming
oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m2/yr 0.51 0.15 12.9 loss*
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(9/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Conneaut Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 0.96
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.48
* There was an apparent loss of nitrogen during the sampling year. This
may have been due to nitrogen fixation in the lake, solubilization of
previously sedimented nitrogen, recharge with nitrogen-rich ground water,
unknown and unsampled point sources discharging directly to the lake, or
underestimation of the minor tributary and immediate drainage load.
Whatever the cause, a similar nitrogen loss has occurred at Shagawa Lake,
Minnesota, which has been intensively studied by EPA's National Eutrophi-
cation and Lake Restoration Branch (Malueg, et al., 1975).
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14
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Ketelle, Martha J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971. Problem lakes of
the United States. EPA Water Poll. Contr. Res. Ser., Proj.
#16010 EHR, Washington, DC.
Malueg, Kenneth W., D. Phillips Larsen, Donald W. Schultz, and
Howard T. Mercier; 1975. A six-year water, phosphorus, and
nitrogen budget for Shagawa Lake, Minnesota. Jour. Environ.
Qua!., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 236-242.
Paloumpis, A. A., and W. C. Starrett, 1960. An ecological study
of benthic organisms in three Illinois River flood plain lakes.
Amer. Midi. Nat., vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 406-435.
Ulanoski, James, 1975. Personal communication (lake morphometry;
waterfowl numbers). PA Dept. Env. Resources, Harrisburg.
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Natl. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
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15
VII. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
-4
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX B
LAKE RANKINGS
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE UAKE NAME
1
2 4220
3 4222
4 4228
5 4227
6 4223
7 3641
8 4229
9 4221
10 4219
11 4204
12 4226
13 4213
14 421o
15 4225
16 4201
17 4207
LAKE NAOMI
BELTZVILLE DAM
HARVEY'S LAKE
STILLWATER LAKE
POCONO LAKE
INDIAN LAKE
ALLEGHENY RESERVOIR
LAKE WALLENPAUPACK
CANADOHTA LAKE
BEAVER RUN RESERVOIR
CONNEAUT LAKE
PINCHOT LAKE
PYMATUNING RESERVOIR
SHENANGO RIVER RESERVOIR
ONTELAUNEE DAM
BLANCHARD RESERVOIR
GREENLANE DAM
INDEX NO
445
423
413
401
339
388
385
371
369
360
307
256
206
157
101
85
53
-------
or LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES
HIGHEK VALUES)
LAKE
CuOE
3o41
4201
4204
4207
<.213
4216
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
(.228
LAKE NAME
ALLEGHENY RESERVOIR
BLANCHARD RESERVOIR
CONNEAUT LAKE
GREENLANE 0AM
PYMATUNING RESERVOIR
5HENANGO RIVER RESERVOIR
BEAVER RUN RESERVOIR
BELT2VILLE DAM
CANADOHT'A LAKE
HARVEY'S LAKE
INDIAN LAKE
LAKE NAOMI
ONTELAUNEE 0AM
PINCHOT LAKE
POCONO LAKE
STILLWATER LAKE
LAKE WALLENPAUPACK
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
56 (
13 (
44 (
6 (
0 (
19 (
94 <
88 (
50 <
63 <
100 (
31 (
25 <
31 (
38 (
72 <
72 (
9)
2)
7)
1)
0)
3)
15)
14)
8)
10)
16)
13)
4)
5)
6)
11)
11)
MEDIAN
1KOHG N
38
13
63
6
72
44
19
25
97
81
31
88
0
56
97
7?
50
( 6)
( 2)
< 10)
< 1)
( 11)
( 7)
t 3)
( 4)
( 15)
I 13)
( 5)
( 14)
( 0)
( 9)
< 15)
( 11)
< 8)
500-
MEAN SEC
63 1
25 (
69 1
19 <
6 1
13 1
88 I
94 (
56 I
100 (
75 1
44 1
0 I
31 i
50 i
38 1
81 I
! 10)
[ 4)
I ID
I 3)
1 1)
1 2)
; 14)
! 15) .
' U \
: 16)
: 12)
; . 7)
[ 0)
; 5)
[ 3)
[ 6)
I 13)
MEAN
CHLCHA
100
31
56
13
0
6
31
94
19.
63
75
69
44
38
88
25
50
< 16)
1 5)
1 9)
( 2)
I 0)
( 1)
t 13)
t 15)
( 3)
( 10)
( 12)
( 11)
< 7>
I 6)
( 14)
( 4)
< 8)
15-
MIN DO
69 <
3 I
34 (
3 <
100 (
47 (
19 (
34 (
59. (
47 (
19 (
83 (
19 <
81 (
75 (
94 (
59 (
ID
0)
5)
0)
16)
7)
2)
5)
9)
7)
2>
14)
2)
13)
12)
15)
9)
MEDIAN
D1SS H
59 <
0 (
41 (
6 (
23 <
28 <
59 (
88 (
86 (
59 (
88 (
75 (
13 (
19 (
41 I
100 (
59 (
8)
0)
6)
1)
4)
4)
8)
13)
13)
8) '
13)
12)
2)
3)
6)
16)
8)
INDEX
NO
3d5
85
307
53
206
157
360
423
369
413
388
445
101
256
3B9
401
371
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
3641 ALLEGHENY RESERVOIR
4201 BLANCHARD RESERVOIR
4204 CONNEAUT LAKE
4207 GrtEENLANE HAM
4213 PYMATUNING RESERVOIR
4216 SHENAMGO RIVER RESERVOIR
4219 BEAVER RUN RESERVOIR
4220 BELTZVILLE DAM
4221 CANAOOHTA LAKE
4222 HARVEY'S LAKE
4223 INDIAN LAKE
4224 LAKE NAOMI
4225 ONTELAUNEE DAM
4226 PINCHOT LAKE
4227 POCONO LAKE
4228 ST1LLWATER LAKE
4229 LAKE WALLENPAUPACK
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.016
0.064
0.023
0.066
0.070
O.ObB
0.009
0.010
0.020
O.OIS
0.008
0.014
0.040
0.027
0.024
0.015
0.015
MEDIAN
INGrtG N
0.380
1.300
0.1H5
1.475
0.180
0.340
0.835
0.315
0.130
0.160 .
0.520
0.135
2.150
0.245
0.130
0.180
0.250
500-
MEAN SEC
414.250
453.143
402.000
460.222
467.750
463.555
384.833
362.444
436.000
338.000
400.222
443.333
470.667
453.000
438.000
449.000
394.583
MEAN
CHLORA
3.700
15.187
7.567
24.011
56.333
26.800
5.183
4.856
19.167
5.967
5.211
5.533
11.783
13.950
4.960
18.233
9.617
15-
MIN DO
13.300
14.900
14.600
14.900
7.700
14.500
14.800
14.600
14.100
14.500
14.800
8.000
14.800
11.500
13.200
7.900
14.100
MEDIAN
DISS P
0.006
0.046
0.007
0.020
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.006
O.OOS
0.005
0.011
0.008
0.007
0.004
0.006
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
(-LU*
1/27/75
C00£
TOTAL
K'-U
4204A1
4204C1
KM)
NLWMALlZLU |-LO*b(CMb>
JA,J
3. 40
U. IH
U .Ij
C » "J^
2. 1:3
KlH "lAhi
3.bi a.lii
0.1 'S U.2b
O.o •-' • 0
0,fa"3 1.JS
2.J5 J..^J
AKK
3. ^b
U. Itt
0. u
U. 7fc
£,-?£
MAr
2.bv
O.wd
u.O
0.37
1 . 7j
JUM
t.tl
0.06
O.b
U.2f
1.4
3
7
H
10
11
1
3
?j
/j
/j
7J
73
73
7-*
74
7J
/ J
7 i
7*
7-*
d.i".
1 .ti9
O.v)
1 .j.J
Hi nj
0 .4u
f * A
5.1'J
4.nl
0.13
J. «l
C • j w
0 . w 2
U.-;^
J. 1J
t.l 7
lu
VI
if.
u.i I
l.'jj
I.d7
l.-i?
U .04
0 .L.2
u.Ul
U.u
U .f 1
J.U J
U.Ub
u .L/o
U.HU
-------
(-LIM lt'*FOr
7
B
9
10
1 1
12
\
2
.1
4
s
<1
7
H
9
lu
11
1?
1
p
3
S
b
7
4
^
lu
1 1
12
1
y
3
YuAr
73
7J
73
/ 3
73
73
73
/3
74
74
74
74
73
73
73
73
73
/„'
73
73
74
74
74
73
7 j
73
7 j
73
73
73
73
7<-
7t
!l
••ItAij FLo«
0 . .1
y . v
u . x>
O.'J
0 . ll
t .J
u ,i-
Q , L,
0. ii
0 . '.
•j. J
l.-J
U . b4
D. 34
U. 14
0. !.'T
U.Jl
a.u/
0.40
0 . H 0
0 . 74
0 • ^*i
'*•!!)
2. 1-3
1 . 6-+
1 . n ~J.
O.ii 7
a . ! ri
I' .cb
i . 7 ^i
I . i \
,; . .J D
1 .-Jj
3!^
j .A I
1 4
^
b
lu
o
f.
3
/
ij
i
iil
du
14
9
b
lo
^
b
3
7
3
V
51
i v
4
o
lu
(H
•J
3
7
3
>
2U
u.O
0.0
u . J
ll.t
J . u
O.J
U. J
u.O
u. j
u.O
u. Id
J,u3
0.13
1.13
U.31
1.^3
u. 11
U.4L.
l.Ji*
3.^6
OAC
DAY
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
rttTRltVAL
/b/01/d7
3b.O urtu Id
LAt\E
CIATL TIME I
r'rfUM OF
Tu liAV f
73/04/21 09 30
09 ja
09 JO
u9 30
73/07/27 16 25
16 ?b
16 2b
16 25
16 25
73/111/04 16 30
16 30
16 30
16 3u
16 30
X^Tn
uoao
U0u4
uOilJ
0035
(jOOO
UOC'b
OJ15
u025
004ti
uUOO
COlb
UU3J
OCJ3
•JU44
CtNT
12.6
12.rt
35.0
2b.o
16.9
12.3
lb.1
17.9
16.0
13.7
12. H
00
Mb/L
11.5
1U.9
10.V
f*.U
7.9
1..7
/.b
7.2
3.2
00077
THANSH CMUoCTvr
btCCHI FltLO
INCHES M1CKOMHO
lud
9t)
7H
200
190
Ib5
Jrtb
195
190
190
155
151
170
167
174
lltPALtS
3
004UO
HH
S(J
7. So
7.flo
7.9(1
W.OO
a.4u
a. 20
M.JO
7.0u
7.50
7.30
7.JJ
7.2u
7.00
7.10
OOtlo
T ALK
CAC03
Mb/L
59
b9
60
60
73
73
74
72
rtl
64
6b
71
91
B4
2111202
0052
00610
NHJ-N
TOTAL
MCi/L
0.030
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.090
0.560
0.090
0.110
0.320
0.920
1.420
FEET DEPTH
00625
TOT KJEL
N
M6/L
0.500
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.600
0.400
0.400
0.400
1.200
0.800
0.800
1.200
1.700
2.100
00630
N02fcH03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.200
0.210
0.210
0.210
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.040
0.04b
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.020
0.030
00671
PhOb-DlS
ORTrtO
MG/L P
0.007
0.011
O.OOB
O.OOS
0.004
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.062
0.005
0.010
0.014
0.087
0.111
UATE
Tu
TIME DtfTn
OF
JAY l-'dtl
u9 JO UOOO
U9 30 JOO"*
U-* 30 0020
l>9 30 U03b
73/U?/?7 16 ?b iiOOO
16 ?5 OOOb
16 25 0015
16 ?5 0025
16 ?5 t)04H
Iti JO uOOO
16 30 0015
16 JO U033
1& 30 l/OJi
C0665 J3217
O( CrILKPrtfL
A
Mb/L P UG/L
0.013
0.024
J.U23
0.02".
J.Oiu
J.U 21
J.022
j.OiJ
J.I
-------
tl Jb 22.u U80 IV 57.
COhHiiAUT LAl\t
PENNSYLVANIA
OOOU 00300
DA Ft
FfJOM
TU
7J/04/21
7j/ u7/27
73/10/05
F IME DEPTH
OF
DAY
10
10
10
iO
16
16
io
17
17
17
15
15
15
15
50
50
50
05
OS
05
FEET
0000
OU04
OOlb
0030
0000
0005
U016
0000
UI>!D
0027
WAI'EK
ftMP
CtNT
lu
U
9
a
2t
2«
19
17
17
17
.5
.7
. 3
.7
.6
.0
.7
.6
.d
.H
DO
MG/L
11
11
11
7
u
7
7
7
.7
t1*
.3
.6
.6
.4
.£
.2
00077
TKANSP
bECCrll
INCHES
10,;
108
9ft
000^4
CNOUCFVY
FIELL)
M1CKOMHO
lab
19o
190
19u
Id9
18fl
167
lt>8
167
Ibh
004
Ph
5u
a
B
8
«
d
7
7
7
7
00
.1(J
.10
* 3u
• ^0
.OJ
.90
.00
.40
.30
llLPALES
3
•0400
Ph
Su
a. lo
tS.iO
8.3u
B.20
d.OJ
7.90
7.00
7.40
7.30
2111202
0022 FEET DEPTH
OUtlO
1 ALK
CAC03
M(i/L
by
59
60
60
73
In
75
66
66
66
00610
NH3-N
T01AL
Mb/L
0.030
O.U30
o.Oto
0.040
U.040
0.0<+0
0.040
0.100
0.110
O.luO
00&2S
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
0.500
0.500
0.600
0.500
0.500
0.600
0.500
U.riOO
0.900
0.900
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.200
0.210
0.210
0.220
0.020
0.040
0.040
0.030
0.030
0.030
00671
PHOS-UIS
OP-TMO
MG/L P
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.007
0.010
0.003
0.007
0.01S
0.008
32217
OAFE TIME
FHOM OF
TO UAf FEET
7J/04/21 10 IS JOOO
10 IS 0004
10 150016
lu IS 0030
73/07/27 16 SO 0000
16 50 OuOa
i& SO Oulo
7j/lu/ii5 17 05 OOJJ
l 7 Ob UOlb
HO/t. K
U.OJ9
U.016
0.017
t,
u.016
A
UO/L
7.<*
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
OATc. fb/02/03
4l 3b 12.0 060 ItJ 00.0
CONNtAUf UUTLtT
-+202/ /.S CONNEAUT LK
0/CONNEAJT LAKE
Ub rl*M 6 bHDO AT UUTLET t OF TOWN
ile^ALES 2111204
4 0000 FEE! DEPTH
DATE TIMF UL^TH 'M02N^03
FrVOM Oh
TO UAY F'LET
09 10
09 30
73/07/Oh 0^ 40
73/08/ 11 0^ Sb
73/10/20 10 DO
73/ll/Ob Ib 00
00
45
45
NMJ3
OTAL
G/L
0.126
o . 0 ? H
0.019
(1 .0 iOK
O.OiOK
J .ObO
u .Obd
0 .20
0.4-10
0.-360
O.dHO
0.600
0.600
0.8UO
o.-*oo
O.bOO
0.300
0.400
0.300
OOblu
NH3-N
FOTAL
M(i/L
-J . 0 1 4
0.048
0 .020
J .02y
0.037
0.0/1
;} . 124
0.072
0.060
O.ubO
'J.Obb"
0.020
0 . 0 1 b
Oub71
PHOS-DIb
U.-iTHO
MG/L H
o . oo^
0 . 005i\
0 .005^
O.OOSK
O.Olb
0.008
u.OObK
O.Olb
O.JObK
0.005K
0 .O0bi\
0.010
y .OObK
OObbb
PHOb-TJT
MG/L H
0.020
0.010
u .u 15
0 .u2b
0.040
0 .l>2b
O.OOb*
0 . 0 1 o
u.olo
0 . U0r>
O.OODiS
0.03U
u.OOb
K VALUE KNO*N TO dE
LESS TH«N INDICATED
-------
H! J6 •* 7.0 \jti>\) Ito 30.0
UNNAMED CritEK
<+t? 7.b CO'MNEAUf LK,
1/CUNNtAUT LAKE
ri[) bnJO . b Ml N OF TOWN OF CONNtrtUT
0000 FEET UtPTH
OAFE FIM^ UtyTrl
•i OF n-fuTAL
ID U«\Y KtEI HIJ/L
U . C 31
u . luu
0,170
73/Ofa/Ov 09 40
10 00
10 00
10 15
09 10
IS 00
/A/jl/01) i/y 15
| 3 1 :i 00
1 1H 1b 00
lb' 00
lb 00
0.012
U i
u,
U i
0,
O.C^t*
U ,0-iJ?
u , I lo
TOT KJf.L Nri3-N
Mi.,/L
0.016
U,
O.c.00
0 . h><*0
O.H90
O.BBO
O.nbO
O.SOO
O.f
u,
u,
u.voo
i,' « 6 C 0
0,
•j.033
0.032
'J. 0 2**
0.033
C.I
'j.i>
j
M6/L
006/1
HHOS-UIS HrtOb-TOT
MG/L
0. J30
0 . vJDu
o . i> 6 u
J . i 0 0
U .(
u.udb
0 .u 15
u.OlO
u . u
O.J13
U.0£3
0. J IV
0 . 0 'd J
0 . U
-------
KtlftlL'VAL OATti 7b/ bib tJRUG JUiT N OFCOUNEAUT LK
oooo FILET DEPTH
DAft
FKUM
ro
TIME
UF
OAT
ov
09
73/0//Ob
73/OU/ll
73/J9/OH
10
10
10
SO
00
10
05
30
0-) 10
la Ib
09 30
Ib Ib
Ib Ib
74/04/20 JD Ib
1/0 -j
'>l-TOTAL
0.336
0.220
0.130
0.3^0
0062s
IDT KJEL
N
MG/L
u.^OQ
0.780
0 .d20
0 , b40
0 .rf'+O
O.bOO
0.3SO
0 . ?0 U
O.-JOy
1.000
0.300
O.fiOu
0. Jl'O
o a 6 1 o
ND3-N
IOIAL
MG/L
J.02*
0.130
0.0 bb
U.033
0.036
0.017
a .020
J .02U
U.060
0 .03n
0.020
0 . C 1 ^
Out)71
PHOS-OIS
OKJHO
HG/L P
0.006
0.0 Ib
O.Olb
0.015
0.036
O.OObK
0 .uOn
J.UUn
0 .OObK
C.OObK
O.OObK
0.010
'j.OOb
OU66b
PHOa-TJT
Mw/L ^
0.0e>u
0.035
O.Obo
u.075
0.070
o.o^o
0.020
0.020
u . 0 2u
0.02s
0.02=>
U.030
0 .U IS
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
bTOWLT KETKIEVAL DATE
DATE
FKUM
ro
e: OLPTH
OF
UAY
FEET
lu lb
10 00
73/07/Qo 10 03
73/OB/ll 1J 20
10 15
10 J
1.1 HO
U .330
'j . 320
0 ,<+t>0
U . 0 I1 <+
U.i»HO
U.630
0.700
O.^^J
0* V40
1.10U
0 • ^00
0.300
0.300
U.^00
0.^*00
O.hoO
o. JOO
ujblO uGb71
Nn3-N PhUS-Ulb
IOTAL UrtPTh
r>
0.020
O.U^b
O.lOO
O.i
J.UO^K
ii.U65
U . U 1 0
K VALUt MMOWN TO dE
LESS THAN INDICATEU
------- |