§EPA
           United States
           Environmental Protection
           Agency
           Environmental Monitoring
           Systems Laboratory
           P.O. Box 93478
           Las Vegas NV 89193-3478
EPA/600/R-93/076
AorU1993
           Research and Development
Environmental Monitoring
Report

Radiation Monitoring
On and Around the
Tatum Dome Test Area,
Lamar County, Mississippi
April 1992
                                        1391ex92nrd.rpt

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    Radiation Monitoring On and
Around the Tatum  Dome Test Area,
      Lamar County, Mississippi
                April 1992
                      by

                   D. J. Thome"
                   D. J. Chaloud
             Environmental Protection Agency
                  P.O. Box 93478
               Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478
          prepared for the U.S. Department Of Energy
               under Interagency Agreement
                DE-A108-91NV10963
      ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS LABORATORY
          OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
         U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
              LAS VEGAS, NV 89193-3478

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                                        NOTICE
       The information in this document has been funded wholly or in pan by the United States Environ-
mental Protection Agency through Interagency Agreement DE-A108-91NV10963 from the United States
Department of Energy. It has been subject to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been
approved for publication as an EPA document
       Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.

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                                        ABSTRACT
       In 1964, and again in 1966 a nuclear explosive was detonated approximately 2700 feet underground
in the Tatum Salt Dome located in Lamar County, Mississippi. Drilling and clean-up activities have resulted
in tritium contamination in close proximity to the surface ground zero.  The Long-Term Hydrological
Monitoring Program conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency consists of annual water
sampling on and around the Tatum Salt Dome.
       As in past years no radioactive materials from the Tatum Salt Dome were detected in any water
samples collected offsite. The highest tritium concentration found in water collected in the offsite area was
59 pCi/L. This is from natural sources and is 0.30 percent of the National Interim Primary Drinking Water
Regulations (40CFR141) which places the maximum level of tritium in drinking water to be 20,000 pCi/L.
The highest tritium concentration found onsite was 14,000 pCi/L. This concentration was detected in a water
sample collected from Well HMH-1. This well is less than 10 feet deep and it is located very near the surface
ground zero. The water from this well is not available to the public nor is it suitable for drinking due to its
brackishness.
                                               iii

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                                      CONTENTS
                                                                                   Page
Abstract	iii
Figures	vi
Acronyms and Abbreviations	vii
Acknowledgments	viii

Introduction	1
History	1
Monitoring Results: Historical Summary	1
Calendar Year 1992 Monitoring Results	;	5
Water	5
Sample Analysis Procedures	8
Water Analysis Results	8
Conclusion	11
References	12
Glossary of Terms	13

Appendices

A. Summary of Analytical Procedures	'.	14
B. Results for Water Samples Collected in April, 1992	15

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                                       FIGURES
Figure Number	Page


1    General site location of Project Dribble	2
2    Topographic map of the Tatum Dome Test Area showing the Surface Ground Zero and
     outline of Salt Dome at 2,700 feet below land surface	,	3
3    Test cavity and aquifers	,	4
4    Plots of tritium concentrations vs. time	6
5    Locations on the Tatum Dome Test Area sampled in 1992	9
6    Offsite locations sampled in 1992	10
                                            vi

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                         ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
DOE       U.S. Department of Energy            PHS
EMSL-LV  Environmental Monitoring Systems     SGZ
            Laboratory - Las Vegas              3H
EPA       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency   3H+
g          gram                              "Sr
Ge(Li)     lithium-drifted germanium gamma de-   238Pu
           tCCtOr                              ZWtMOpu -
Ge(Hp)     High purity germanium gamma detec-
           tor
keV        kilo electron volts = thousand electron   HMH-1
            volts                                thru 16
kg         kilogram, 1000 grams                HM-L,
kt         kiloton (TNT equivalent)              HM-L2
LTHMP    Long-Term Hydrological Monitoring    HM-S
            Program
L          liter                               HM-1
m         meter
min        minute                             HM-2a
MDC      minimum detectable concentration
MeV       million electron volts                 HM-2b
mL        milliliter = one thousandth of a liter
pCi/L      picocuries per liter =  10"12 curies per     HM-3
            liter = 1/1,000,000,000,000 curies
            per liter                           HT-2c, 4,5
U.S. Public Health Service
surface ground zero
tritium
enriched tritium
strontium-90
plutonium-238
plutonium-239 and plutonium-240 (in-
 dividual isotope not distinguished in
 analysis)
Hydrological Monitoring Hole

Hydrological Monitoring Well - Local
 Aquifer
Hydrological Monitoring Well -
 Surficial Aquifer
Hydrological Monitoring Well -
 Aquifer 1
Hydrological Monitoring Well -
 Aquifer 2a
Hydrological Monitoring Well -
 Aquifer 2b
Hydrological Monitoring Well -
 Aquifer 3
Hydrological Test Hole
                                           vii

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                                 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. M.G. Davis and the staff of the hydrological monitoring
group for their dedication to quality and their tireless work in the design and execution of the sampling effort.
Also, we wish to thank Mr. Richard Deshler, International Technologies Corp., for the use of his figure of the
Tatum Dome aquifers, water wells and text cavity (Figure 3).
                                             viii

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                                      INTRODUCTION
     Under an Interagency Agreement with the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), the Environmental
Monitoring Systems Laboratory (EMSL-LV) of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) located
in Las Vegas, NV, conducts a Long-Term Hydro-
logical Monitoring Program (LTHMP) to measure
radioactivity concentrations in water sources near
the sites of underground nuclear explosions. The
results of the LTHMP provide assurance that radio-
active materials from the tests have not migrated into
drinking water supplies.  This report presents the
results for the samples collected in April  1992, on
and around the Tatum Salt Dome, in Lamar County,
Mississippi.

History

     Project Dribble, consisting of two nuclear ex-
plosions, and Project Miracle Play, consisting of two
non-nuclear gas explosions, were conducted in the
Tatum Salt Dome, near Baxterville, Lamar County,
Mississippi, between  1964 and 1970. The general
area is depicted in Figure 1. This area is called the
Tatum Dome Test Area (Figure  2) and  contains
approximately 1,470 acres  located in Sections 11,
12,13 and 14, Township 2 North, Range 16 West.
Event Date Name
Ixpe
10-22-64   Salmon        Nuclear
12-03-66   Sterling        Nuclear
02-02-69   Diode Tube    Gas
04-19-70   Humid Water   Gas
Yield Hctt

 5.3
 0.38
 0.32
 0.32
     These tests were part of the Vela Uniform
program of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
(now the DOE). The purpose of the tests was to
measure and evaluate  the  phenomena  of seismic
waves that are induced from the explosions as com-
pared to those that occur naturally from earthquakes.
     The first explosion, the Salmon Event, created
a cavity in the Tatum Salt Dome that was used for the
other three explosions. The top of the cavity is 1,160
feet (360 m) below the top of the salt dome. The top
of the salt dome is another 1,500 feet (460 m) below
the land surface (Figure 3).
     At the Project Dribble site, disposal of drilling
muds and fluids near surface ground zero (SGZ)
resulted in onsite tritium (3H) contamination of shal-
low ground water and the  surficial aquifer.  The
shallow ground water, between 4 and 10 feet (1.2 and
3 m) deep, and the surficial aquifer that is  approxi-
mately 30 feet (9 m) below the surface both consist
of non-potable water.
     Tritium contamination has also been  detected
in the potable water Local Aquifer which is at a depth
of 200 feet (62 m). The 3H appears to be migrating
down the  exterior of the sampling well  (HM-L)
casing from the surficial aquifer above. Well HM-L
is located very close to the SGZ and the well casing
penetrates the contaminated surficial aquifer.  No
contamination has been detected in a second Local
Aquifer sampling well (HM-L2), located  approxi-
mately 1600 feet  (480 m) from HM-L.   All 3H
contamination is less than the concentration speci-
fied in the National Interim Primary Drinking Water
Regulations  (40CFR141).  There is no indication
from ground and surface water monitoring that any
radioactivity is presently escaping  from  the
test cavity.
     Following each explosion event, the near-off-
site area was closely monitored by the U.S. Public
Health Service (PHS). The radiological monitoring
became the responsibility of EPA at its inception in
1970. The EPA radiological monitoring is a continu-
ing responsibility. From 1964 to the present, neither
the EPA nor the PHS has detected any contamination
offsite resulting from the Tatum Dome experiments.

Monitoring Results: Historical Summary

     After site cleanup activities  in 1971-72, the
LTHMP was instituted. In this program, all potable
aquifers, many individual wells, public water sup-
plies, and some surface waters in the Tatum Salt
Dome  area have been sampled and analyzed for

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                             Prentiss
                             •*«.•

                          Monticello
Brookhaven
                                                     Seminary


                                        Bassfield      \       J Moselle
                                                         Eatonyille

                                                                      Runnelstown
                                     Bunker   Sumral!
                                     Hill
                                                                    Hattiesburg       Richton


                                                                            *~<
                                                                            98


                                                                                Beaumont


                                                                          Brooklyn
           MISSISSIPPI

      "   'Touis'lANA
                             Varnado 4  •
                           Bogalusa ^ •
                                         \   A  Picayune
                    Major Highway
                    Test Site, SGZ
Figure 1. General site location of Project Dribble.

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           All tritium contamination is found
            within this circle with a radius of
                  1400 feet (430m)
         TATUM DOME TEST AREA
                BOUNDARY
     T
       en
      JD

      1
      CVJ
       X
       2
       Q.
       Q.
       CO
     I
  — r  Overflow
      I     Pond
                  300
                        approx.  1  1/2 miles
                                           SCALE IN FEET
                                      1000   2000   3000
                  4000    5000
        N
  500        1000
SCALE IN METERS
                                                                       51S4gr93NRD-a
Figure 2. Topographic map of the Tatum Dome Test Area showing the Surface Ground Zero and outline of
Salt Dome at 2,700 feet (830 m) below land surface.

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            CITRONELLE
             AQUIFER
     HALF MOON CREEK
     ALLUVIALAQUIFER
    WELL
    HT-2
                                                                               GROUND
                                                                               SURFACE
                                             •-•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••^^ili^i LOCAL AQUIFER
                                                  r.:.;.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:I;T;T;!;;;;::;i;i;;:i::;:;;;;: AQUIFER 2A
                                              ::;:;:::;:::;:;:;;;:;:;rennn:!:;ii:i:!:i = ; = : = ::i:i:i = il AQUIFER 2B
                                                                               AQUIFER 3A
                                                                               AQUIFER 3B
                       ANHYDRITE
                                                                     PS-1
                                                                       PS-1W
                                                                         PS-2W
  TEST CAVITY
  SALT DOME*
                                                                               AQUIFER 5
                                           HIGHLY
                                         RADIOACTIVE,
                                          MATERIAL
                                                                          FLUID LEVEL
                                             RECRYSTALLIZED
                                               MELT PUDDLE
           LIMESTONE

           SANDSTONE
*The test cavity contains fission and activation products from the detonations plus
 10,770 cubic yards of radioactive, contaminated soils and 1,305,000 gallons of
 contaminated fluids and water from surface cleanup.
                                                                                      5154gr93NRO-3
Figure 3. Test cavity and aquifers.

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tritium and for any detectable gamma-emitting ra-
dioisotopes.
     A special study was conducted in 1977-78
because of irregularities in tritium results in onsite
samplings from a pond near SGZ (Half Moon Creek
Overflow). To determine the source and extent of
contamination, a grid design was used to locate 171
shallow holes that were drilled into the Surficial
Aquifer ground water. From the tritium results of the
samples collected from these holes, a set of LTHMP
holes was selected and added to the LTHMP sam-
pling design.  Tritium levels in the Surficial Aquifer
ground water have shown large fluctuations due to
local rainfall.  In general, the concentrations con-
tinue to decrease. Decreasing trends, representative
of those sampling wells with the highest tritium
concentrations from the Local Aquifer (HM-L), the
Surficial Aquifer (HM-S) and the surface ground
water (HMH-1, HMH-2, HMH-5) are shown in
Figure 4.
     Concern regarding possible  health effects at-
tributable to the two nuclear detonations conducted
in the Tatum Salt Dome caused EPA to increase the
scope of the  radiological monitoring activities in
1990 to include the following:

   a.  Urine samples from nearby residents.
   b.  Vegetables and soil samples from local
       gardens.
   c.  Water samples from additional residen-
       tial wells.
   d.  Milk  samples from goats and cows.
   e.  Atmospheric moisture monitoring.
   f.   Atmospheric particulate monitoring.
   g.  Deer, turkey, catfish, and turtle tissue samples
       from  the vicinity of SGZ.
   h.  Soil, sediment, and vegetation sampling
       in the vicinity of SGZ.
   i.   Water samples for non-radiological analysis
       (volatile  organics,  semi-volatile organics,
       pesticides, and heavy metals).
   j.   Cow tissue samples.
   k.  Goat  tissue samples.
   1.   Five additional onsite shallow ground-
       water monitoring holes.

     In all of the 1990 off site samples, including the
human bipassay, no radioactive materials from the
Tatum Dome Test Area were  detected.  Tritium
contamination was detected in some water samples
taken close to SGZ.  Although the water samples
were collected from non-potable  sources, the con-
centrations met the EPA radionuclide  criteria for
drinking water. No other radioactive material above
background was detected in any sample. All tritium
contamination was detected within a 1,400-foot
(430 m) radius of SGZ. The analysis of water samples
taken in the vicinity of SGZ for nonradioactive
hazardous materials revealed very low-level concen-
trations of a few organic chemical contaminants of
unknown origin.  No health effects would be ex-
pected from the contaminants at the concentrations
found.
     The 1990 study is described in the EPA report,
"Onsite and Offsite Environmental Monitoring Re-
port:   Radiation  Monitoring Around Tatum Salt
Dome, Lamar  County, Mississippi,  April  1990"
(Thom6 et al.,  1990). All analytical data resulting
from the LTHMP and other radiological monitoring
programs are published annually in EPA's "Offsite
Environmental Monitoring Report: Radiation Moni-
toring Around  United States Nuclear Test
Areas	" These reports have been published each
calendar year since the tests were conducted.

Calendar Year 1992 Monitoring Results

     In April 1992, EMSL-LV conducted environ-
mental sampling on  and around the Tatum  Dome
Test Area.  The locations of all sampling  sites are
shown in Figures 5 and 6. Sampling also  included
three locations  in Columbia, MS, not shown in Fig-
ure 6.  The sampling results are discussed in the
following sections.

Water

     Much emphasis is placed on tritium analysis of
ground-water samples. Following an underground
nuclear test, most of the radioactive materials that are
created decay very quickly. Most of those remaining
are captured in the molten rock created by the explo-
sion and in the surrounding  rock itself.  Tritium,
which is naturally occurring and is also a product of
nuclear explosions, is a radioactive form of hydro-
gen. It becomes incorporated into water molecules
and moves with the ground water flow.  For this
reason, tritium is used as an indicator of the possible
migration of radioactive materials created from
nuclear explosions.
     In April 1992,  the HMH holes were sampled
and then pumped dry. On the following day tritium
samples were again collected. Also, according to
standard  procedure, the HM wells  were pumped
steadily with a sample being collected at the initia-
tion of pumping and then at one-half hour intervals
until the pH and conductivity stabilized. One-half
hour after reaching stability, one additional sample
was collected.  Two  samples were taken on succes-
sive days from  Half Moon Creek, Half Moon Creek
Overflow, and the Pond West of SGZ.  All other
locations were sampled once. Additional residential
water samples  were  collected at the request of five
residents.

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                   Tritium in Water, Well HMH-1
                         Tatum Dome Test Area



3*
0

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c
to
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£
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450000 -
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•
150000-

100000-
50000 -


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1978

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DD--D--D' b-'*" "^ D "~B 	 •B"""B"B
	 1 1 f 1 1
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992
                                  Year


                      Tritium in Water, Well HMH-2
                            Tatum Dome Test Area
20UUUU
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--A B— -a' Q-- p— .n.— B— a
a %°a-"" 'a-* ° i5 D a H
i i t i i i i i i i i i i i i
0 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992
                                   Year
Figure 4. Plots of tritium concentrations vs. time. (Replicate sampling in a given year is represented by
multiple squares.)

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 o
 U
                   Tritium in Water, Well HM-L
                        Tatum Dome Test Area



5
o
fl

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c
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1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1!














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                                 Year
                             (Depth = 200')


                  Tritium in Water, Well HM-S
                       Tatum Dome Test Area
   30000
   25000 -
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C
•2  15000
2
c
8  10000
    5000 ~
                        fl
                                              ..... o..
             i    i    i    i    i    i    r   i    i    i    i    i
            1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989  1990 1991  1992
                                 Year
                             (Depth = 30')
Figure 4. (Continued)

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                       Tritium in  Water, Well HMH-5
                                Tatum Dome Test Area





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la



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Figure 4. (Continued)


Sample Analysis Procedures

    The  procedures for analyzing samples col-
lected for this report were described by Johns et al.
(EPA  1979) and are summarized in Appendix A.
These include gamma spectral analysis and radio-
chemical analysis for strontium, tritium, and pluto-
nium and uranium.  The procedures are based on
standard methodology for given analytical proce-
dures. Two methods for tritium analysis were per-
formed—conventional and electrolytic enrichment
The samples were initially analyzed by the conven-
tional method. If the tritium result was less than 700
pCi/L, the sample was then analyzed by the electro-
lytic enrichment method which lowers the minimum
detectableconcentration(MDQ from approximately
300 pCi/L to 10 pO/L. In the data tables (Appendix
4), results obtained using the conventional method
are denoted by 
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^
                        Well HM-L2
     HMH-16g
     Former
 Decontamination
  Pad Location
     HMH-15    HMH-14 H"H.
                            HMH-12   \  Bridge

                                      \
                                       i

                                HMH-5 \
                                                            Half

                                                 HMH-101\ M0c?enek
                                                              Overflow
                                                    X^^P • 11*11 i i
                                               HM-3JKHM-2B
                                              HM-LWP-1   1HMH-11

                                                           HMH-2  BHMH-9
Hunting
Club Well
                                                          Scale in Meters
                                                               *=
                                                               100

                                                                              \

                                                                               *
                                                           200
                                                     • Location/water sample
                                                     0 Surface Ground Zero
                                                                N
         IWellHT-2C
                                                                              1391grNR093-S
Figure 5. Locations on the Tatum Dome Test Area sampled in 1992.

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  • B. Dennis
  • M. Dennis
  • Columbia City  Little Creek #1 _,
      Well 64B   Lee Anderson -,
                Tim L. Bilbo -,
            Yancy Saucier—|
           Philip Gibson -|
       Hewie Gipson
  Lower Little Creek #2
            Gil Ray's Crawfish Pond


            G. Kelly
                                          i—Willie Burge
                                          I  r~Joe Burge
    Herman Gipson
   Howard Smith
    Howard
    Smith Pond
                          Salt Dome Timber Co.
           A.C.
            Mills
           Roy Mills
B.Chambliss  R.King
      Anderson's Pond 3
         B.R. Ande'rson"

   Dennis
  Saucier
                                                 P.T. Lee
                                                  R.H. Anderson
                                                     E.Cox
                                                     W.H. Noble Jr.
                                                       G.W. Anderson
                                                        Noble's Pond
Sylvester Graham
         . Rushing
Purvis City Well
          **>
          G.Ray
  "E.J. Smith
        Lee L. Saul
                                          S. Powers and
                                     _   B. Bond (2)

                                     Noble's Quail
                                     House
                           Tatum Hunting Club
                                 Regina Anderson
                       Ray Danielsp    R.L.Anderson Sr.

                       Daniel's Rsh
                       Pond Well #2
                      R.L. Anderson Jr.

              W. Daniel Jr.
                 Baxterville
                 City Well
                                                                                              Lumberton
                                                                                              City Well 2
                          Surface Ground Zero

                     •  Water Sampling Locations

                     j£f:j  Tatum Dome Test Area
                                                                            Scale in Miles
                                                                               1      2
                                                01234

                                                  Scale in Kilometers
Figure 6. Offsite locations sampled in 1992.
                                                        10

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                                      CONCLUSION


     No radioactive materials from the Tatum Dome   wells located near SGZ. Although this water is not
Test Area were detected in any of the offsite water   available to the public nor is it fit for human con-
samples.  Onsite, tritium was  the only radioactive   sumption because of its brackishness, the tritium
contaminant detected.  The tritium contamination   concentrations are well below those defined in the
was found in brackish water collected from shallow   EPA National Interim Primary Drinking WaterRegu-
                                               lations (40CFR141).
                                             11

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                                      REFERENCES
1.    A Guide for Environmental Radiological Sur-
veillance at U.S. Dept. of Energy Installations, July
1981, Office  of Operational Safety Report, U.S.
DOE(DOE/EP-0023).

2.    Federal Register, Vol. 41, title 40, Part 141,
July 9, 1976, National Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations.

3.    Johns,?. 1979. Radiochemical and Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples.
U.S. EPA, (EMSL-LV-0539-17-1979).
4.    Shleien, B. and M. Terpilak. 1984. The Health
Physics and Radiological Health Handbook. Nucleon
Lectern Associates.

5.    Thome", D. J., C. F. Fontana, and C. F. Costa.
1990. Onsite and off site environmental monitoring
report: radiation monitoring around Tatum Salt Dome,
Lamar County, Mississippi. Las Vegas, NV:  U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental
Monitoring Systems Laboratory; EPA/600/4-91/005.
                                             12

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                                  GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Background Radiation

     The radiation in man's natural environment,
including cosmic rays and radiation from naturally-
occurring radioactive elements, both outside and
inside the bodies of humans and animals.  It is also
called natural radiation. The usually quoted average
individual exposure from background radiation is
125 millirem per year in mid-latitudes at sea level
(Shleien and Terpilak 1984).

Curie (Ci)

     The basic unit  used  to describe the rate  of
radioactive disintegration.  The curie is equal to 37
billion disintegrations per second, which is approxi-
mately the rate of decay of 1 gram of radium; named
for Marie and Pierre Curie, who discovered radium
in 1898.

Isotope

     One of two or more atoms with the  same
number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons
in their nuclei. Thus 12C, I3C, and 14C are isotopes of
the element carbon, the numbers  denoting the ap-
proximate atomic weights. Isotopes have very nearly
the same chemical properties,  but often  different
physical properties (for example 12C and 13C are
stable, I4C is radioactive).

Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC)

     The smallest amount of radioactivity that can
be reliably detected with a probability of Type I and
Type n errors at 5 percent each (DOE 1981).
Offsite

     All areas exclusive of the Tatum Dome Test
Area.

Onsite

     In this report refers to the area within the Tatum
Dome Test Area.

Shallow ground water

     Water found near the soil surface, caused by
precipitation infiltration of the soil. This shallow
ground water is not an aquifer.

Surficial Aquifer

     The ground water layer located closest to the
surface, generally at a depth of approximately 30 feet
at SGZ.

Tritium

     A radioactive isotope of hydrogen that decays
by beta emission.  Its half-life is about 12.5 years.

Type I Error

     The statistical error of accepting the presence
of radioactivity when none is  present. Sometimes
called alpha error.

Type II Error

     The statistical error of failing to recognize the
presence of radioactivity when it is present. Some-
times called beta error.
                                              13

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APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
 TYPE OF
 ANALYSIS
               ANALYTICAL
                EQUIPMENT
 COUNTING
PERIOD (MIN)
    ANALYTICAL
   PROCEDURES
   SAMPLE
     SIZE
     APPROXIMATE
   DETECTION LIMIT1
 Ge(Hp)or     IG or GE(Li) detector   Individual air        Radionudide concen-
 Ge(U)        calibrated at 0.5 keV/   filters, 30 min; 100   (ration quantified from
 Gamma       channel (0.04 to 2     min for milk, water,   gamma spectral data
 Spedrometryb   MeV range).          suspended solids,   by on-line computer
                                                    program. Radionu-
                                                    dides in air filer com-
                                                    posite samples are
                                                    identified only.
                                                                          3.5 L for liquids and   Generaly 5 pCM. for most
                                                                                             common fallout
                                                                                             radionudides in routine
                                                                                             mlk and water samples in
                                                                                             a simple spectrum.
*>St
             Low background
             thin-window, gas-
             flow, proportional
             counter.
      50         Chemical separation by
                 ion exchange. Separated
                 sample counted succes-
                 sively; activity calculated
                 by simultaneous solution
                 of equations.
                       LOLformilkor
                       water; 0.1 to 1 kg
                       for tissue.
                   2pCi/L
              Automatic liquid
              scintillation counter
              with output printer.
                                        300        Sample prepared by
                                                   distillation.
                                         4 ml for water; 10     300to700pCi/l
                                         ml for urine; 50 g
                                         for tissue.
3H+           Automatic liquid
(Enrichment)   scintillation counter
              with output printer.
                                        300        Sample concentrated by   250 ml for water.
                                                   electrolysis followed by
                                                   distillation.
                                                           10pCil
234.23S.a8u
              AJpha spectrometer
              with siicon surface
              barrier detectors
              operated in vacuum
              chambers.
  1000(04000
Water sample or acid-
digested filter or tissue
samples separated by ion
exchange, electroplated
on stainless steeU
planchet
1.0L for water; 0.1
to1 kg for tissue.
In water samples
0.08 pCi/L for ^Pu, and
0.05 pCM. for 2H23MMU
 '  The detection limit is defined as the smattest amount of radioactivity that can be reliably detected, i. e.. probability of Type I and
   Type II error at 5% each.
 "  Gamma spectrometry using either an intrinsic germanium (Ge(Hp)), or Ihhkim-drifted germanium diode (Ge(LJ)) detector.
                                                          14

-------
APPENDIX B
RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992
                                                        CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
                                                 (MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
 SAMPLE
LOCATION
COLLECTION
 DATE 1992
»Sr
2MP|J
Anderson, Billy Ray            04/27

 Anderson Pond               04/27

Anderson, Regina        "      04/27

Anderson, Robert Harvey        04/27

Anderson, Robert Lowell, Sr      04/27

Anderson, Robert Lowell, Jr  .    04/27

Bilbo, Timothy L               04/28

Burge, Joe                   04/27

Chambliss, B.                 04/28

Daniels, Ray                  04/29

Daniels, Webster, Jr.            04/29


Daniels -Well #2 Rsh Pond      04/29

Half Moon Creek               04/26

                           04/27

Half Moon Creek Overflow        04/26

                           04/27

Kelly Gertrude                04/27

King, Rhonda                 04/27
                        Baxterville, MS

                             16 ±3*
                             (5)

                             9±3*
                             (4)

                      Not Sampled - no one home

                             17±4*
                             (6)

                             20 ±3*
                             (5)

                             17±3*
                             (4)

                             24 ±4*
                             (6)

                             18 ±4'
                             (6)

                             -1±3
                             (5)

                             15 ±5*
                             (7)

                             18±3*
                             (5)

                             19 ±4*
                             (5)

                             15±3*
                             (4)
                             27 ±4*
                             (6)

                             690110*
                             (5)
                             587 ±9*
                             (5)

                             -1±3
                             (5)

                             20 ±4*
                             (6)
                                                                                                (Continued)
                                                   15

-------
APPENDIX B Continued
RESULTS FOR WATER
SAMPLES
COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992

CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
(MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
SAMPLE
LOCATION

Lee.P.T.
Little Creek #1
Lower Little Creek #2
Mills, A. C.
Mills, Roy
Nobles Pond
Nobles Quail House
Noble, W.H., Jr.
Pond West of GZ
REECo Pit Drainage-A
REECo Pit Drainage-B
REECo Pit Drainage-C
Salt Dome Hunting Club
Salt Dome Timber Co.
Saucier, Dennis
COLLECTION
DATE 1992 5H 3H+ "Sr

04/27
04/28
04/28
04/27
04/29
04/27
04/27
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/26
04/26
04/29
04/27
04/28
Baxterville, MS (Cont)
45 ±4*
(6)
20 ±3*
(5)
18±3*
(4)
-1±3
(5)
18 ±4*
(6)
18±4*
(6)
59 ±11*
(17)
37 ±4*
(5)
14 ±4*
(6)
16 ±4*
(6)
31 ±3*
(5)
1320 ±230*
(350)
556 + 8*
(5)
24 + 3*
(5)
27 + 4*
(5)
41 ±5*
(7)
23>pi| 23&*440p|j
















                                                 (Continued)
16

-------
APPENDIX B Continued
RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992
                                                    CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
                                              (MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])

 SAMPLE             COLLECTION
LOCATION             DATE 1992       JH          JH+             "Sr         °»Pu

                                         Baxterville,MS(Cont)


Saucier, Wilma&Yancy        04/28                    3 ±3
                                                  (6)

Well Ascot 2                04/28             Not Sampled - No Access

Well City                   04/29                   26 ±5*
                                                  (7)

WellE-7                   04/28                    6 ±4*
                                                  (6)

WellHM-1                  04/27                    2 ±3
                                                  (5)
                         04/27      .              0±3
                                                  (5)

WellHM-2A                 04/27                    -2 ±4
                                                  (7)
                         04/27                    -2 ±3
                                                  (5)

WellHM-2B                 04/27                    2 ±4
                                                  (6)
                         04/27                    -4 ±3
                                                  (5)

WellHM-3                  04/27                    3 ±4
                                                  (6)
                         04/27                    3±3
                                                  (6)
                         04/27                    -1±3
                                                  (5)
                         04/27                    -1±3
                                                  (5)

WellHM-L                  04/27     1310 ±230*
                                    (350)
                         04/27                   611 ±9'
                                                  (5) .
                         04/27                   733 ±10'
                                                  (6)
                         04/27                   727±11'
                                                  (7)
                                                                                           (Continued)
                                                 17

-------
APPENDIX B Continued
RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992
 SAMPLE
LOCATION
COLLECTION
 DATE 1992       *H
                                                     CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
                                              (MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
                3H+
Well HM-L2
Well HM-S
Well HMH-1
Well HMH-2
Well HMH-3
Well HMH-4
Well HMH-5
Well HMH-6
Well HMH-7
    04/27

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27


    04/26

    04/27
    04/26
    04/27
        Baxterville,MS(Cont.)

                2±4
                 (7)
                -3±4
                 (6)
 7070 ±290*
   (350)
 67201280*
   (350)

 58301280*
   (350)
14,4001350*
   (350)

 51201270*
   (350)
12,8001340*
   (350)
 18601230*
   (350)
 20601240*
   (350)
               1113*
                 (4)
               2714*
                 (5)

               1313*
                 (5)
               1513*
                 (4)
               7214*
                 (4)
               57 + 5*
                 (6)

        Not Sampled - Under Water
Well HMH-8
    04/26

    04/27
               1313*
                 (5)
               2014*
                 (6)
                                                                                           (Continued)
                                                 18

-------
APPENDIX
B Continued
RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES

COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992


CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
(MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
SAMPLE
LOCATION

Well HMH-9
WellHMH-10
WellHMH-11
Well HMH-12
Well HMH-13
Well HMH-14
WellHMH-15
WellHMH-16
Well HT-2C
Well HT-4
Well HT-5
COLLECTION
DATE 1992 JH JH+ "°Sr

04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/26
04/27
04/28
04/28
04/28
Baxterville,MS,(Cont.)
87 ±4'
(5)
91 ±5*
(6)
298 ±7*
(5)
256 ±8*
(7)
23±4'
(6)
28 ±4*
(6)
12 ±3'
(5)
12 ±5'
(8)
11 ±3*
(5)
8±4*
(6)
Not Sampled -Well Dry
12 ±4'
(6)
9±5'
(7)
75 ±5*
(6)
117±6*
(6)
9 ±3*
(5)
6±5
(8)
1±3
(6)
23tpij 23ft*240p(j












                                                 (Continued)
19

-------
APPENDIX B Continued
RESULTS FOR
WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED
IN APRIL, 1992

CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.O. IN pCI/L
(MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
SAMPLE
LOCATION

Dennis, Buddy
Dennis, Marvin
Well 64B City

Anderson, G. W.
Anderson, Lee L
Bond, Bradley K.
Cox, Eddie
COLLECTION
DATE 1992 3H

04/28
04/28
•. 04/28

04/27
04/29
04/29
04/27
Gil Ray's Crawfish Pond 04/27
Gipson, Herman
Gipson, Howie'"
Gipson, Phillip'"
Graham, Sylvester
Hartfield, Ray*
Powers, Sharon
Rushing, Debra
Saul, Lee L
04/28
04/27
04/27
04/28
04/28
04/29
04/28
04/28
5H+ "Sr ^Pu
Columbia, MS
21 ±5*
(9)
14 ±6*
0)
7±4*
(7)
Lumberton, MS
19 ±5*
(8)
20 ±3*
(4)
16 ±5*
(8)
28 ±4'
(5)
7±3*
(5)
-2 ±3
(5)
23 ±5* -0.1 2 ± 0.56 -0.0067 ± 0.01 35
(8) (1.27) (0.0271)
21 ±7' -0.2610.66 -0.01 07 ±0.01 29
(11) (1.44) (0.0265)
-2 ±4
(6)
-3 ±8 0.8910.65 -0.002010.0070
(13) (1.37) (0.0094)
1315'
(8)
27 ± 4*
(5)
013
(6)
a».2«pu











-0.003410.0067
(0.0157)
-0.002210.0043
(0.0100)

0.004010.0081
(0.0094)



                                                   (Continued)
20

-------
 APPENDIX B Continued
 RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL, 1992
  SAMPLE
 LOCATION
                                                         CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
                                                  (MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
COLLECTION
 DATE 1992
3H
3H+
"Sr
Smith, E.J.I*


Smith, Howard


Smith, Howard - Pond


Thompson, Roswell1"
    04/28


    04/28


    04/29


    04/28
    Lumberton, MS, (Cont.)

            18 ±8*
             (13)

            2±4
             (7)

            12 ±6*
             (10)

            28 ±9*
             (15)
             0.38 ±0.67
               (1.42)
             0.29 ±0.70
               (1.34)
        -0.0044 ±0.0152    0± 0.0062
            (0.0270)        (0.0102)
         0.0034 ±0.0116  0.0070 ±0.0164
            (0.0156)        (0.0221)
Well 2 City                   04/29
Surge, Willie Ray & Graco       04/27
City Supply                  04/27
Gil, Ray-House Well           04/27
                               2 + 4
                               (6)

                           Purvis, MS

                              15 ±5*
                               (8)

                               3±4
                               (6)

                               -3 ±3
                               (5)
* Concentration is greater than the minimum detectable concentration (MDC).
<•> Uranium analysis results were as follows:
 SAMPLE
LOCATION
COLLECTION
 DATE 1992
                              CONCENTRATION ± 2 S.D. IN pCI/L
                         (MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTRATION [MDC])
Gipson, Hewie      04/27    0.038 ±0.0237*     -0.0021 ±0.0125    0.0209 ±0.0145*
                 (0.0257)  (0.0217)  (0.0097)

Gipson, Phillip      04/27    -0.0030 ± 0.0324    0'.0150 ±0.0200    0.0180 ±0.0171*
                 (0.0542)  (0.0243)  (0.0140)

Hartfield, Ray       04/28    0.0989 ± 0.0358*    -0.0020 ± 0.0088    0.0573 ± 0.0223*
                 (0.0357)  (0.0160)  (0.0092)

Smith, E.J.        04/28    0.0234 ± 0.0237     -0.0085 ±0.0104    0.0170±0.0159
                 (0.0313)  (0.0222)  (0.0172)

Thompson, Roswell  04/28    0.1380 ±0.0352*    0.0041 ± 0.0083    0.1170 ±0.0324*
                 (0.0096)  (0.0096)  (0.0096)
                                                     21

-------