74-GRN-6
(REPORT NUMBER)
AIR POLLUTION EMISSION TEST
KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
(PLANT NAME)
Kansas City, Missouri
(PLANT ADDRESS)
U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Water Programs
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Emission Standards and Engineering Division
Emission Measurement Branch
Research Triangle Park, N. C. 27711
-------
\
Emission Testing Report
EMB Project No..74-GRN-6
KANSAS C I T Y TERMINAL EL E V A TO R
Kansas City, Missouri
Project Officer:
Clyde E, Riley
1" Environmental Protection Agency
.Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
May 1974
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Number(s)
I. INTRODUCTION 1-3
II. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS ......... 4-10
TABLE I - Summary of .Results for Grain Loading Operations (English)
TABLE I-A - Summary of Results for Grain Loading Operations (Metric)
TABLE II - Summary of Results for Grain Cleaning Operations (English)
TABLE II-A - Summary of Results for Grain Cleaning Operations. (Metric).
III. PROCESS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . 11-12
IV. PROCESS OPERATION . . . ...-.-.-'. .-..-.-,... . . 13-16. . .
TABLE III - R.ailcar Loading Process Data : ,
TABLE IV - Process Feed Rates During Tests
V. LOCATION OF,SAMPLING PORTS . , . . .... ... . . 17-20
Figure 1 - Car Loading .
Figure 2 - Grain Cleaning
Figure 3 - Sample Traverse Points
VI. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES ... ..... . . 21-24
Figure 4 - Particulate Sampling Train ,
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - Particulate Results
APPENDIX B - Record of Visible Emissions
APPENDIX C - Process Operational Log
APPENDIX D - Field Data
APPENDIX E - Test Log :
APPENDIX F - Sample Identification Log
APPENDIX G - Project Participants and Titles
APPENDIX H - Preliminary Survey Report
-------
I. INTRODUCTION
In accordance with Section 111 of the Clean Air Act of 1970, the
Environmental Protection Agency is charged with the establishment of
performance standards for new installations or modifications of existing
installations in stationary source categories which may contribute
significantly to air pollution. A performance standard is a standard
for emissions of air pollutants which reflects the best emission reduction
systems that have been adequately demonstrated, taking into account
economic considerations. r- - -- -^-*-:
The development of realistic performance standards requires that -
representative data for pollutant emissions be supported by testing the
various existing source categories. In the grain milling and handling
industry, the emissions control systems (baghouses) of the Kansas City
Terminal Elevator Company, Kansas City, Missouri, were designated by EPA
as representing well-controlled grain handling emission collectors. These
baghouses were therefore selected for the emission testing program. This
* '
report presents the results of the testing which was performed at the
Kansas City installation.
The Kansas City Terminal Elevator Company purchases grain from
nearby, farms and smaller country el evators ~- The grain'is~ graded*, cl eaned
and stored before being sold to processing facilities. Emissions from
the grain elevator are controlled by two separate control systems. One
system associated with the cleaning operation which removes impurities and
foreign matter from the grain while the other system collects fugitive.
dust emissions from the railcar loading operation. The exhaust gases from
each control system are directed to separate baghouse collectors and then
'passed outward to the atmosphere through induced draft fans.
\ ' '
1
-------
Modifications of the test sites were required before conducting the
testing program. A sixty foot duct.extension was installed on the
exhaust outlet of the grain cleaner baghouse and a twenty foot duct
extension was added to the exhaust output of the loading operations
baghouse. .
Testing at the grain cleaning baghouse included the-determination . .
of filterable and total .particulate; matter using EPA sampling-Methods-1,
2, and 5. The detailed procedures for these methods may be found in the
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources, Federal Register,
Vol. 36, No. 247, December 23, 1971. Tests at the loading-operation --
included the determination of filterable and total particulate matter
and particle size measurements using a Brinks Cascade Impactor. Each
particulate test was designed to measure average'emission rates during
specified process operations.
During the Week of October 16, 1973, Midwest Research Institute
collected three particulate samples and one particle size sample at the
outlet of the loading operation baghouse along with .one particulate
sample from the grain cleaning baghouse outlet. Three particulate tests
were planned along with one particle^size test at-each of the .two con-
trol system baghouses. Problems occurred with plant operating schedules
and at the end of the week only three particulate tests had been obtained
at the loading collector and only a segment of one test at the cleaner
collector, however, this segment was later completed during the week
-------
of October 22, 1973. A single particle size sample was collected at
the loading baghouse but did not yield any results due to the extremely
low grain loadings. Visible emissions of process and fugitive dust
discharges were observed on October 16 through 19, 1973, and the results
are reported in Appendix B. The particulate and particle size samples
were returned to the MRI laboratories in Kansas City, Missouri for
analysis and evaluation.
-------
. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
Tables I and II summarize the results of the particulate sampling
at the railcar loading and grain cleaning baghouse collectors. Addi-
tional data are presented in the Appendices to this report. Gas .
temperatures, moistures and velocities appeared relatively uniform during
the testing periods. The cumulative results from each of the runs are
reasonably consistent, particularly for this type of process.
Railcar Loading Operation .
Tables I and IA-contain the stack gas and particulate emission data
for the railcar loading tests. Average particulate emissions for the
three runs indicate negligible variations between the individual test- -
results.
Two values are reported for the particulate concentrations and
emissions. The value designated as "partial" represents the particulate
collected in the front half of the sampling train, namely, the probe and
filter. The "total" value is the amount of particulate collected in the
entire train, which includes the front half plus the particulate collected
in the impingers. The-particulate collected in the impingers amounted to
an average of 35% of the total particulate collected for the three tests. .'..
Isbkinetic sampling rates ranged between 103 and 106.
- The average "front" particulate concentration -for the three tests was
0.00781 grains per dry standard cubic foot and the average emission rate
was 0.34 pounds per hour. Averaging the results for the "total" particu-
late indicates a concentration of 0.0125 grains per dry standard cubic foot
-------
\
TABLE I
Summary of Results for
Grain Loading Operations
PLANT: KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
LOCATION: KANSAS CITY MISSOURI
OPERATOR: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
PART ICULATE SUMMARY IN ENGLISH UNITS
DESCRIPTION
DATE OF RUN
STACK AREA
NET TIME OF RUN
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
AVG ORIFICE PRES DROP"
VOL DRY GAS-METER COND:
AVG GAS METER TEMP
VOL DRY GAS-STD COND
TOTAL H20 COLLECTED
VOL H20- VAPOR-STD COND
PERCENT MOISTURE BY VOL
MOLE FRACTION DRY GAS
PERCENT C02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT 02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT CO BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT N2 BY VOL, DRY
MOLECULAR WT-DRY STK GAS
MOLECULAR WT-STK GAS
AVG STACK TEMPERATURE
NET SAMPLING POINTS
STACK PRESSURE, ABSOLUTE
AVG STACK GAS VELOCITY
STK FLOWRATE, DRY,STD CN
ACTUAL STACK FLOWRATE
PERCENT 1 SDK 1 NET C
PARTI CULATE WT-PARTIAL
PARTI CULATE WT-TOTAL
PERC IMPINGER CATCH
PART. LOAD-PTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-TTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-PTL,STK CN
PART. LOAD-TT4_,STK CN
PART 1C EM IS- PART AL
PART 1C EMIS-TOTAL
PART EMIS/V/T PRO; FD PTL
PART EMIS/WT PRO FD TTL
>.i
i i
'
! '
\ ;
UNITS
FT2
MIN
IN.HG
IN.H20
DCF
DEG.F
DSCF
ML
SCF
DEG.F
IN..HG
~FPS
DSCFM
ACFM
MG
. MG
GR/DSCF
GR/DSCF
GR/ACF
GR/ACF
LB/HR
LB/HR
LB/TON
, LB/TON
5
: 1
10-16-73
1.187
160.0
29.66
0.670
72.79
72.0
71.99
12.1
0.57
0.8
0.992
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.82
65.0
1
29.70
86.180
6099.
6136.
102.7
19.20
26.10
26.4
0.00411
0.00558
0.00408
0.00555
0.21
0.29
O.OOOfil
0.00084
2
10-17-73
1.187
160.0
29.58
0.465
61.46
79.0
59.80
9.9
0.47
0.8
0.992
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.82
75.0
1
,29.62
71.124
4926.
5064.
105.7
32.00
54.80
41.6
0.00824
0.01411
0.00801
0.01372
0.35
0.60
0.00112
0.00193
.
3
10-17-73
1.187
160.0
29.53
0.455
59.28
81.0
57.37
12.3
. 0.58
1.0
0.990
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.79
80.0
1
29.57
69.970
4782.
4982.
-104.4
41.30
66.90
38.3
0.01109
0.01796
0.01064
0.01723
0.45
0.74
0.00098
0.00158
AVERAGE
. '
-
.' 75.758
'5269.
5394.
104.3
30.83
49.27
35.4
0.00781
0.01255
0.00758
0.01217
0.34
0.54
0.00091
0.00145
-------
TABLE I-A
Summary of Results for
Grain Loading Operations
PLANT: KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
LOCATION: KANSAS CITY MISSOURI
OPERATOR: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
PARTICULATE SUMMARY IN METRIC UNITS
DESCRIPTION
DATE OF RUN
STACK AREA
NET TIME OF RUN
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
AVG ORIFICE PRES DROP"
VOL DRY GAS-METER COND
AVG GAS METER TEMP
VOL DRY GAS-STD COND
TOTAL H20 COLLECTED
VOL H20 VAPOR-STD COND
PERCENT MOISTURE BY VOL
MOLE FRACTION DRY GAS
PERCENT C02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT 02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT CO BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT N2 BY VOL, DRY
MOLECULAR WT-DRY STK GAS
MOLECULAR WT-STK GAS
AVG STACK TEMPERATURE
NET SAMPLING POINTS
STACK PRESSURE, ABSOLUTE
AVG STACK GAS VELOCIT-Y
STK FLOWRATE, DRY, STD "CN
ACTUAL STACK FLOWRATE
PERCENT ISOKINETIC
PARTICULATE WT- PARTIAL
PARTICULATE WT-TOTAL
PERC IMPINGER CATCH
PART. LOAD-PTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-TTL,STD CN
PART/TOAD-PTL/STK CN "
PART. LOAD-TTL7STK CN
PART 1C EMIS-PARTIAL
PART 1C EMIS-TOTAL
UN: ITS
M2
MIN
MM.HG
MM.H20
DM3
DEG.C
DNM3
ML
NM3
PART
PART
EMIS/WT
EMIS/WT
PRO
PRO
FD
FD
PTL
TTL
DEG.C
MM.HG
M/S
' DNM3/M
AM3/M
MG
MG
MG/NM3
MG/NM3
MG/AM3
MG/AM3
KG/HR
KG/HR
KG/MTON
KG/MTON
1
10-16-73
0.110
160.0
753.36
17.018
. 2.06
22.2
2. 04
12.1
0.02
0.8
0.992
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.82
18.3
1
754.38
26.268
173.
174.
102.7
19.20
26.10
26. 4
9.40
12.78
9.34
12.69
0.10
"0.13
0.00031
0.00042
-_2 -~
10-17-73
0.110
160.0
751.33
11.811
1.7U
26.1
1.69
9.9
0.01
0.8
0.992
O.U
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.82
23.9
1
752.35
21.. 6 7.9
139.
. 143.
105.7
32.00
54.80
41.6
18.86
32.29
18.34
31.40
0.16
0.27
0.00056
0.00096
3
10-17-73
0.110
160.0
750.06
11.557
1.68
27.2
1.62
12.3
0.02
1.0
"0.990.
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.79
26.7
1
751.08
21.327
135.
141.
104.4
.41.30-
66.90
38.3
25.37
41.10
24.34
39.43
0.21
0.33
0.00049
0.00079
AVERAGE..
23.091
149.
153.
104.3
30.83
49.27
35.4
17.88
28.72
17.34
27.84
0.15
- 0.25
0.00045
0.00072
-------
and an emission rate of 0.54 pounds per hour. No major testing problems
occurred during sampling although brief delays were experienced due to
exchanging railcars at the loading spout. Further detailed information
pertaining to the sampling and analytical procedures used during the testing
. ' ' * '
is presented in Section VI, "Sampling and Analytical Procedures." - -
Observations of the rail car loading collection system during the testing
indicated that emissions were, control led adequately. Visible emissions.....
-of fugitive dust from the loading area did-not-exceed' 201.opac.rty-.for. more
than three minutes, .per hour.. ,
Grain Cleaning Operation . . .
Due to limited plant operation, only one test was conducted at this
site. The results for this test are!presented in Tables II and IIA.
Sampling was carried out intermittently over a period of several days,
however, the test results are considered to be representative of the grain
cleaning process.
Since the air entering both collection systems experiences no change
(i.e., combustion) an assumption of atmospheric properties (air) was made
for the calculations.
During the sample analysis volumetric measurements of the solvent
blanks and sample washes were not recorded prior to evaporation, as a
result the quantity of wash solvent could not be determined exactly.
MRI offered to retest the facility at their expense to correct this error.
An attempted retest during the week of January 28, 1974, proved futile
as only half of the required number of.grain cars needed for the test were
available thus preventing the collection of representative samples.
-------
TABLE II
Summary of Results for
Grain Cleaning Operations
PLANT: KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
LOCATION: KANSAS CITY MISSOURI
OPERATOR: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
PARTICULATE SUMMARY IN ENGLISH UNITS
DESCRIPTION
DATE OF RUN
STACK AREA
NET TIME OF RUN
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
AVG ORIFICE PRES DROP
VOL DRY GAS-METER COND
AVG GAS METER TEMP
VOL "DRY GAS-S.TD CON.D
TOTAL H20 COLLECTED
VOL H20 VAPOR-STD COND
PERCENT MOISTURE BY VOL
MOLE FRACTION DRY GAS
PERCENT C02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT 02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT CO BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT N2 BY VOL, DRY
MOLECULAR WT-DRY STK GAS
MOLECULAR WT-STK GAS
AVG STACK TEMPERATURE
NET SAMPLING POINTS
STACK PRESSURE, ABSOLUTE
AVG STACK GAS VELOCITY
STK FLOWRATE, DRY,STD CN
ACTUAL STACK FLOWRATE
PERCENT ISOKINETIC
PART ICULATE WT-PARTIAL
PART ICULATE WT-TOTAL
PERC IMPINGER CATCH
PART. LOAD-PTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-TTL, STD_CN
UNITS
AVERAGE
PART. LOAD-PTL,STK CN
PART. LOAD-TTL,STK CN
PART 1C EM IS-PARTIAL
PART 1C EMIS-TOTAL
PART EMIS/WT PRD FD'PTL
PART EMIS/WT PRD FD TTL
FT2
MIN .
IN.HG
1 IN.H20
ID DCF
DEG.F
.DSCF
. ML
ID SCF
'OL
iRY
1Y
1Y .-
:Y
GAS
! DF.G.F
.UTE IN.HG
'Y FPS
1 CN DSCFM
ACFM
iL MG
MG
1 GR/DSCF
I GR/DSCF
GR/ACF
GR/ACF
LB/HR
LB/HR
TL LB/TON
TL LB/TON
10-16-73
10-23-73
2.182
105.0
29.70
1.170
61.29
74.0
60.55
29.5
1.40
2.3
0.977
0.4
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.66
59.0
1
29.74
29.467
3826.
3857.
96.5
10.90
15.60
30.1
- 0.00277
0.00397
0.00275
0.00393
0.09
0.13
0.00325
0.00465
' /"
- . - '
-----
1
29.467
3826.
3857.
96.5
10.90
15.60
30.1
0.00277
0.00397
0.00275
0.00393 --:- '
0.09
0.13
0.00325
0.00465
8
-------
TABLE II-A
Summary of Results for
Grain Cleaning Operations
PLANT: KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
LOCATION: KANSAS CITY MISSOURI
OPERATOR: MIDWEST RESEAR-CK INSTITUTE
PARTICULATE SUMMARY IN METRIC UNITS
-DESCRIPTION
UNITS
AVERAGE,
DATE OF RUN
STACK AREA .
. NET TIME OF RUN
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
AVG ORIFICE PRES DROP'
VOL DRY GAS-METER COND
AVG GAS METER TEMP
VOL DRY GAS-STD COND
TOTAL H20 COLLECTED
VOL H20 VAPOR-STD COND
PERCENT MOISTURE BY VOL
MOLE FRACTION DRY GAS
PERCENT C02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT 02 BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT CO BY VOL, DRY
PERCENT N2 BY VOL, DRY
MOLECULAR WT-DRY STK GAS
MOLECULAR WT-STK GAS
AVG STACK TEMPERATURE
NET SAMPLING POINTS
STACK PRESSURE, ABSOLUTE
AVG STACK GAS VELOCITY
STK FLOWRATE, DRY, STD CN
ACTUAL STACK FLOWRATE
PERCENT ISOKINETIC
PART ICU LATE WT- PARTIAL
PARTICULAT-E WT-TOTAL
PERC IMPINGER CATCH
PART. LOAD-PTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-TTL,STD CN
PART. LOAD-PTL,STK CN
PART. LOAD-TTL,STK CN
PART 1C EM IS- PARTIAL
"PART 1C EMIS-TOTAL
PART EMIS/WT PRO FD PTL
PART EMIS/WT PRO FD TTL
M2
MIN .
MM . HG
MM.H20
DM3
DEG.C
DNM3
ML
NM3
DEG.C
MM.HG
M/S
- DNM3/M
AM3/M
MG
MG
MG/NM3
MG/NM3
MG/AM3
MG/AM3
KG/HR
KG/HR
KG/MTON
KG/MTON
10-16-73
10-23-73
0.203
105.0
751*. 38
29.718
I. 7k
23.3
1.71
29.5
O.OU
2.3
0.977
O.I*
21.0
0.0
78.6
28.90
28.66
15.0
1
755. UO
8.982
108.
109.
96.5
10.90
15.60
30.1
6.3U
9.08
6.29
9.00
0. OU
0.06
0.00162
0.00232
. .~f
8.982
108.
109.
96.5
10.90
15.60
30.1
6.34
9.08
6.29
9.00
O.OI*
0.06 ' '
0.00162
0.00232
-------
Consultations with MRI personnel and Gene Riley of EMB produced
the conclusion that acceptable test results could be obtained from the
initial tests. This was achieved by calculating the average level of
particulate residue in the acetone blanks (0.001 grams/100 milliliters)
and estimating the volume of acetone from past experience to determine
the sample residue values.
10
-------
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
The Kansas City Terminal Elevator Company purchases corn, soybeans,
wheat and milo from nearby farms and elevators. They are subsequently
sold to a variety of users and shipped primarily by railcar to the
desired destination. ,
When^an order of-soybeans or corn is received, several grades with . _.
sclffferent percentages of foreign-mater-tal--are-b-l-ended-to--ob^^
desired for shipping. Before corn is shipped, it may be necessary to -_....:
clean a portion of it to reduce the percentage of foreign material to
the desired level. >'
The grains are transported from their unloading points to,scales-in
the headhouse where they are weighed. They drop from the scale into a
surge bin which continuously feeds one of two parallel-loading chutes.
The grain then falls about 50 feet down the loading chute into a railcar.
The loading area is covered by an overhead shed which is open at both ends.
Railcar Loading
"Boxcars and hopper cars are Toaded-on the same track through separate
loading chutes. The last 10 feet of the hopper car loading chute is a
round flexible hose enabling-the flow of grain to be directed into the
car. Filling is started at one-end of the car and continued while the
car is moved forward until it is full (190,000 pounds of grain).
A dust aspiration hood is located next to the loading spout. Fugitive
dust which boils out of the openings at the top of the car is aspirated to
11
-------
. \
a fabric filter baghouse. A "grain door" of wood or reinforced paper is
installed over the bottom half of the side openings in the boxcars. The
loading chute protrudes into the top portion of the door opening and
has a deflector on the end.to direct the.grain to both ends of the car.
An aspirator hood is located next to the track to collect any fugitive
dust that escapes from the car door. This dust stream is then directed to
the same baghouse that is used for.the-top-loading rail.cars. ... ,. . ;
Baghouse for Railcar Loading: "Mikro Pul"
Model 4858-20 .
"4,000 cfm
AP across filter 3.5" water gauge
16 ounce polypropylene bags
A/C ratio 12:1
Grain Cleaning
Foreign materials are separated from the corn as they are routed by
three inclined cleaning screens. The maximum operating capacity of the .
grain cleaner is 1000 bushels of corn -per hour. The top of the cleaner
is enclosed thus allowing the air to-be.aspirated through-a fabric filter
baghouse. ,
Baghouse for Grain Cleaning: "Mikro Pul"
Model 130S8-30 ' '. '
' I
i . i
;;. 12,000 cfm ; ..
AP across filter 3.5" water gauge
'.";,, 16 ounce polypropylene bags.
i'' . . ' .
;, , v A/C ratio 12:1
12
-------
PROCESS OPERATION
Emission tests at the car loading filter exhaust were conducted
October 16-19, 1973. The process cycle was timed before testing began.
While filling hopper cars, grain flowed for five minutes, flow dis-
continued for about two minutes while the scales weighed a second draught, .
then grain flowed for another five minutes. Boxcars required only one
draught of grain from.the scales, therefore, grain flowed into each car
for about five minutes. No boxcars were loaded during the first two test
runs* but five were loaded during the third run. .
The hopper car dust collection hood is most effective"when loading
center-hatch cars. The hood-cannot be clamped to the car, however, since
the car is moved during the loading process. While the last (three feet
of the hopper car are being filled, the hood is not over the car,-.there- .
fore, it is ineffective. When loading round hatch type hopper cars all
of the hatches are opened before the car enters the loading shed. Dust
boils out of the openings that grain is not flowing-into; This hood-is also
not very effective since it is in the center of the car and not directly
over any openings. Currently, few round hatch-type cars are used for
transporting grains. : :
Rail car Loading
During the first test 10 hopper cars-were loaded. One car .was filled
with 200,000 pounds of wheat, three cars were-filled-with 554,000 pounds
of corn and six cars were filled with 1,110,000 pounds of milo. Sampling
was discontinued during the lull between cars.
13
-------
After each car was filled, readings of the amount of dust weighed
by the automatic weigher were recorded to determine the amount of dust
collected.
' « ' '
Visible emissions of fugitive dust from the loading shed were read
continuously between 9:45 a.m. and 12:00 noon and between 12:53 p.m. and
1:43 p.m. . Visible emissions exceeded 20 percent opacity for approximately
"-15 minutes-between 12:53 p.m.n.and,-J/.A3 p,.nw.cThis,.was v.due- to^an, J-ncr.eas,e .;
in wind velocity and the fact that several round hatch .type cars were
being loaded.
During the second test run, nine hopper cars were loaded with;1,650,000
pounds of milo. Visible emissions-of-fugitive dust from the loading shed
were read continuously between 11:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon. Visible emissions
did not exceed 20 percent opacity for more~than three minutes during the
hour. The filter outlet was observed continuously from 10:14 a.m. to
10:43 a.m., from 12:45 p.m. to 1:44 p.m., and from 2:15 p.m. to 3:14 p.m.
No visible emissions were seen throughout this time.
During the third test run, seven hopper cars were filled with 1,300,000
pounds of milo, seven..boxcars^ and. two hopper cars were filled with 1,000,000
pounds of wheat and one hopper car was filled with 180,000 pounds of soybeans.
The filter outlet was observed continuously for one hour during the test and
no visible emissions were seen. Visible.emissions of fugitive dust from
the loading shed were read.continuously between 1:28 p.m. and 2:34 p.m. on
October 18 and between 9:32 a.m. and 10:19 a.m. on October 19, 1973.
14
-------
Visible emissions exceeded ten percent opacity for less than three
minutes during each of the two periods. .The following table summarizes
the railcar loading data for the individual test runs.
" '. ' ' ' ' '.
TABLE III. RAILCAR LOADING PROCESS DATA
Test"" Run Grain
#1-B Wheat
2Y Corn
2Y Milo
#2-B 2Y Milo
#3-B 2Y Milo
Wheat
Soybeans
Avg. Test
Weight
Ib/biT-. '
61.0
57.0
55.4
55.9
55.7
61.0
56.5
Average % .
" Moisture -
13.4
13.6
14.2
13.5
14.0
13.4
14.0
Averaqe %
;:-. FM1U .
0.5
3.2
6.0
TOTAL
7.0
1
6.0
0.5
2.4
TOTAL
Amount
Shipped-(lb-)
200,000
554,000
1,110,000
1,864,000
1,650,000
~~ ' '
1,300,000
1,000,000.
180,000
2,480,000
(1) Foreign matter
15
-------
Grain Cleaning
The grain cleaner was operated for about one hour between 9:30 a.m.
and 70:30 a.m. on October 16, 1973. Sampling was conducted during this
period. The cleaner was not operated again until October 23, 1973. At
that time, MRI sampled at the filter outlet for about 45 minutes. Both
sample periods were added together and considered as one test run. The
following table presents the operating process data for the individual
test runs. -- . .
TABLE IV. PROCESS FEED RATES DURING TESTS
Date '
10-16-73
10-17-73 -
10-18-73
10-19-73
10-16-73
10-23-73
Test
Grain loading
- Grain loading
.Grain loading
Grain loading
Grain cleaning
Grain cleaning
Feed Rate
349.5 tons per hour
309.4 tons per hour
465 tons per hour ,
465 tons per hour
28 tons per hour
28 tons per hour
16
-------
LOCATION OF SAMPLE PORTS
Grain Loading Baghouse
In order to meet the requirements of .Method 1, Federal Register,
Vol. 36, No. 247, it was necessary to install a duct extension on the
exhaust outlet of the grain loading baghouse as shown in Figure 1.
This located the port approximately 11 feet (9 stack diameters) down--- :
-"stream from the nearest disturbance-and approx-rma:tevly~'30' -i-nch-es' (-2--stack'-'
diameters) from the exit end of the extension.
The sample port location for conducting the particle size measure-
ments was two stack diameters upstream from the particulate sampling
port on the grain loading baghouse outlet duct.- : -
Grain Cleaning Baghouse
Sample location requirements for this control device were satisfied
by the installation of a duct extension on the exhaust outlet. The
resulting sample port was located approximately 15 feet (9 stack diameters)
downstream of the nearest disturbance and approximately 40 inches (2
stack diameters) upstream from the extension exit end as shown in Figure 2.
Traverse point locations and duct cross sections are shown in Figure 3.
17
-------
SAMPLE PORT
HOPPER CAR
LOADING CHUTE
oo
HOPPER CAR HOOD
MWRO-PUL
FILTER
RG. UCAR LOADING-KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
-------
GRAIN CLEANER
M\KRO -PUL
FILTER
DUST BIN
PORT
FIG. e. GRAIN CLEANING-KANSAS CITY TERMINAL ELEVATOR
-------
\
FIG. 3_ SAMPLE TRAVERSE POINTS
WEST PORT
PORT
GRAIN C.LEA.NIM& DUGT
NORTH PORT
SOUTH PORT
GRA\N
DUCT
20
-------
SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
The procedures for measuring particulate emissions were in accordance
with Method 5 of the Federal Register. Vol. 36, No. 247. Contractor
personnel conducted all testirig, sample recovery and sample analysis. The
sampling crew consisted of two meter and two probe operators, one Brinks
sample operator and a field laboratory technician.
Preliminary Testing Procedures'; ^ 1' ~ " "_!;_;
Preliminary velocity traverses at sampling locations"determined
approximate nozzle sizes and isokinetic sampling conditions. A 0.125 inch
I.D. nozzle was used-for the grain.loading testing and a 0.25 inch I.D:.~ -
nozzle was used for the grain cleaning testing. Velocities were measured
at each sample port for determination of flow rates as prescribed in the
Federal Register. The moisture content and molecular weight of the gas
stream were assumed to be the same as ambient air.
Particulate Sampling
Particulate matter was sampled isokinetically during the grain loading
and cleaning operations with a sample train as described in Method 5 of the
Federal Register. The loading baghouse sampling was conducted .for 20 minutes
at each point with data being recorded at 5 minute intervals. The cleaning
baghouse samp.ling. was conducted for .15 minutes at each, point with data being
recorded every 5 minutes. In all cases sampling was conducted isokinetically
during the test periods.
21
-------
Sample Train Description
The sample train consisted of a stainless steel nozzle, a heated
glass probe, a heated glass fiber filter, and four impingers connected
in series with glass ball joint fittings. The first two impingers were
"charged with 100 milliliters of water each, the third was left empty
and the fourth charged with approximately 200 grams of preweighed silica
gel. (See Figure 4.):
Sample Cleanup and Analysis --: " - - -----
Sample train cleanup consisted of measuring the water collected and
transferring this to a glass container. The silica gel was removed and
weighed to determine the moisture content. The particulate filter was
placed in a marked container. The probe and front half of the train were
rinsed with analytical grade acetone and all washings collected in a glass
.container. The rear half of the-train-was-first rinsed with distilled
water which was added to the impinger contents and then was rinsed with
acetone-which was collected in a separate container. Sufficient portions
of the acetone and water were prepared for subsequent use as analysis
blanks. Volumetric measurements of the acetone sample washes and acetone
blanks were not recorded prior to evaporation, hence the quantity of
acetone used for the washes had' to be estimated-. Acceptable"test results...-
were achieved by using this estimate based on past experience to calculate
the volume contained in the washes. An average blank value was obtained
by averaging ten (TO) acetone blank values which yielded 0.001 grams/100
milliliters.
22
-------
PROBE
fi^
THERMOMETER
STACK WALL
HEATED
REVERSE TYPE x
P1T07 TU3S
ro
CO
PITOT
* J=f FlUf ER HOLDER
-I >
CHECK VALVE.
ORIF\CE
(OPTIONAL')] I
L» - - ' i
cfcLcas j ,f
ICE WATER BATH
.THERMO METERS,
BY-PWS VALVE ; VACUUM
_J
_J£
o
MAIN VALVE
9
1
UMi
DRY TEST MEtER ' AIR TlG-HT PUWP
FIG. 4. PARTICUL^E SAMPLING TRAIN
-------
This method was felt to be representative because the mass weighing
error in this case is at least ± 0.005 grams/100 milliliters, and all
washes were estimated to within ± 100 milliliters of the actual volume.
Further information pertaining to these procedures may be found in
Appendix F.
All sample containers were sealed and marked with EPA identification
labels as listed in Appendix F. Analyses-were conducted by MRL personnel
who later shipped the samples to EPA for subsequent .storage.- -
Particle Size Measurement Procedures
A description of the procedure used and field data obtained is
located in Emission Measurement-Branch's file under No. 74-GRN-6.
24
------- |