&EFK
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EMB Report 80-BOF-6
September 1980
Air
Steel Processing
Fugitive Emissions
Emission Test Report
Inland Steel Company
East Chicago, Indiana
-------
FUGITIVE EMISSION EVALUATION REPORT
NOS. 2 and 4 EOF SHOPS
INLAND STEEL CORPORATION
East Chicago, Indiana
Prepared for the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Emission Measurement Branch
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
Prepared by
Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc,
25711 Southfield Road
Southfield, Michigan 48075
EMB REPORT NO. 80-BOF-6
Work Assignment 30
Contract No. 68-02-2817
-------
INTRODUCTION TO REPORT
Two firms prepared this report under contract to the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; therefore, it is
presented in two sections.
Section I was prepared by Clayton Environmental
Consultants, Inc., Southfield, Michigan, and includes
test results for the following:
No. 2 EOF Shop:-vessel operations
-roof monitor emissions (in addition
to those obtained by York Research)
-velocity traverse
No. 4 EOF Shop:-hot metal transfer and desulfurization
emissions
-roof monitor emissions
-velocity traverse
Section II was prepared by York Research Corporation,
Stamford, Connecticut, and presents visible and fugitive
emission data collected at the No. 2 EOF roof monitor.
Section II immediately follows Appendix F of Section I.
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I - CLAYTON ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
Page
List of Figures i
List of Tables ii
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Discussion of Results 3
3.0 Observation Locations and Emission Points 21
4.0 Observation Procedures 30
APPENDICES
A. Project Participants
B. Field Data Sheets
B-l. No. 2 BOF Shop
B-l.l. Basic Oxygen Furnace
(Method 22)
B-l.2. Roof Monitor Emissions
(Methods 9 and 22)
B-l.3. Velocity Traverse
B-2. No. 4 BOF Shop
B-2.1. Hot Metal Transfer and
Desulfurization (Method 22)
B-2.2. Roof Monitor Emissions
(Methods 9 and 22)
B-2.3. Velocity Traverse
C. Calibration Data
D. Method 9
E. Method 22
F. Visible Emission Certifications of Observers
-------
SECTION II - YORK RESEARCH CORPORATION
Page
List of Figures i
List of Tables i
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Testing Procedures and Emissions 1
Observations Locations
3.0 Summary and Discussion of Test Results 2
APPENDICES 8
4.1. Certifications: EPA Method 9
4.2. EPA Reference Methods
4.3. EPA Method 9 Field Data Sheets
4.4. EPA Method 22 Field Data Sheets
-------
SECTION I - CLAYTON ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
-------
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Summary of Fugitive Emissions - Vessel 4
Operation - No. 2 EOF
2.2 Roof Monitor Emissions No. 2 EOF - 7
Method 9 (24 consecutive readings)
2.3 Roof Monitor Emissions No. 2 EOF - 8
Method 9 (6-minute averages)
2..4 Roof Monitor Emissions, No. 2 EOF - 10
Method 22
2.5 Methods 9 and 22 Averages, No. 2 EOF 11
2.6 Stack Gas Parameters - Nos. 2 and 4 12
EOF
2.7 Fugitive Emission Evaluations of 14
Hot Metal Transfer - No. 4 EOF
2.8 Fugitive Emission Evaluations of the 15
Desulfurization Station - No. 4 EOF
2.9 Roof Monitor Emissions No. 4 EOF - 16
Method 9 (24 consecutive readings)
2.10 Roof Monitor Emissions No. 4 EOF - 17
Method 9 (6-minute averages)
2.11 Roof Monitor Emissions, No. 4 EOF - 19
Method 22
2.12 Methods 9 and 22 Averages, No. 4 EOF 20
-------
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
3.1 Plan view of the No. 2 EOF shop and 22
observation points
3.2 Roof monitor observation locations - 23
No. 2 EOF shop
3.3 No. 2 EOF sampling location of secondary 25
scrubber inlet
3.4 Hot metal transfer and desulfurization 26
observation locations - No. 4 EOF shop
3.5 No. 4 EOF sampling location of secondary 28
baghouse outlet
3.6 Roof monitor observation locations - 29
No. 4 EOF shop
11
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Clean Air Act mandates that Standards of Performance
be established for new stationary air pollution sources.
Establishment of these standards requires that an emission
data base be developed for each source category. This
data base is used as a guide for the establishment of
Performance Standards which will minimize air quality
degradation and yet not be impossible to attain.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
retained Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. to
evaluate both visible and fugitive emissions at the Nos.
2 and 4 basic oxygen furnace (EOF) shops at Inland Steel
in East Chicago, Indiana.
The results of this study will be used as part
of the field sampling data .for supporting New Source
Performance Standards for fugitive process emissions
\
in the iron and steel industry. This study was commissioned
as Project No. 80-BOF-6, Contract No. 68-02-2817, Work
Assignment 30.
At the No. 2 EOF shop the vessel operation was
observed using Method 22. This included the scrap charge,
hot metal charge, oxygen blow, turndown, reblow, tapping/
and deslagging. Simultaneously with the emission observa-
tions a velocity traverse was conducted at the secondary
scrubber inlet and roof monitor observations were conducted
by York Research using both Methods 9 and 22. Additional
-------
roof monitor data was collected by Clayton and EPA.
Two observers read simultaneously opposite the York
observers to document possible interfering emissions.
At the No. 4 EOF shop, desulfurization and hot
metal transfer stations were observed using Method 22.
A velocity traverse of the secondary baghouse outlet
was conducted simultaneously with these observations.
Clayton conducted the roof monitor observations at the
No. 4 shop using both Methods 9 and 22. The two shops
were evaluated during the week of May 12, 1980.
-2 -
-------
2.0 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
NO. 2 EOF SHOP
Basic Oxygen Furnace
Table 2.1 presents the results of the fugitive emis-
sion readings taken during the various vessel operations
of the No. 2 EOF. Each run constitutes one heat.
Since the first three runs (except Run 2) indicated
0-percent emissions during oxygen blowing, this period
was eliminated from the test plan. During the second run,
the secondary exhaust hood was not operating during the
onset of the oxygen blowing. Subsequent runs included
the scrap and hot metal charges, and the period from
the first turndown to the end of deslagging.
Emissions from the scrap charge ranged from 0 to
93-percent on the charging side and were consistently
0-percent on the tap side. Emissions during the hot
metal charge ranged from 12 to 98-percent on the charging
side and were 0-percent on the tap side.
During turndown, fugitive emissions ranged from 72
to 99-percent on the charge side, and from 0 to 12-
percent on the tap side.
Tapping emissions ranged from 59 to 100-percent
on the charge side and from 64 to 100-percent on
the tap side.
Deslagging resulted in fugitive emissions ranging
from 45 to 100-percent on the charge side and from 0 to
16-percent on the tap side of the furnace.
- 3 -
-------
TABLE 2.1. SUMMARY OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS - VESSEL OPERATION, - NO. 2 EOF
Date
Time
Run No.
5-12
1152
1
5-12
1301
2
5-12
1355
3
5-12
1646
4
5-12
1734
, a Fun
Cycle Nun
SC
HMC
02
02 20
TD
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
02
TD
02 10
TD
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
02
TD 10
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD 10
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD
TD 10
TApd
DS
Emission Frequency, Percent
lace Charge Side
toer
Obs.
1
_
-
-
94
11
88
96
96
24
75
12C
92
0
97
97
96
37
57
o
86
94
63
32
43
97
91
83
60
63
93
89
78
87
Obs.
2
22
12
0
90
8
94
94
100b
33
68
10°
97
0
99
89
lOOb
27
48
o
87
74
62
42
37
96
98
lOOb
40
69
90
89
59
45
SC = scrap charge INT(SA) =
HMC
02
TD =
hot metal charge
oxygen blow TAP =
turndown
DS
Tap
Obs.
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
93
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
82
0.
0
0
o
0
64
0
0
0
0
76
0
0
0
0
0
86
0
Interim
Side
Obs.
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
82
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
91
0
0
0
_
0
65
0
0
0
0
79
0
0
0
0
0
91
14
- sulfu
addition
tapping
= deslagging
1980
Date
Time
Run No.
5-13
1100
6
5-13
1143
7
5-13
1302
8
5-13
1421
9
5-13
1540
10
5-13
1626
_ , a Fun
Cycle
Num
SC
HMC
Emission Frequency, Percent
lace charge
ber
Obs.
1
0
07
TD 20 96
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD
96
61
0
72
94
TD 20 88
INT(SA)
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
0
85
88
32
82
TD 10 96
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
97
64
10
77
TD 92
INT(SA) 0
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
85
78
72
71
TD 95
TD 82
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
99
93
45
71
TD 20 85
TAP
DS
96
88
Side
Obs.
2
0
89
96
98
91
0
79
98
88
0
100
99
47
82
99
97
94
25
86
76
0
100
81
37
58
93
89
92
95
43
85
86
93
74
Tap
Obs.
3
0
0
0
98
0
0
0
0
0
24
96
2
0
0
Oe
99
0
0
0
0
20
95
0
0
0
0
0
88
11
0
0
. 0
94
0
Side
Obs.
4
0
0
0
98
0
0
0
0
0
22
92
0
0
0
Oe
98
0
0
0
0
6
73
0
0
0
0
0
87
12
0
0
0
-
0
Indicates emission frequencies greater than 100-percent.
Intricacies in observing procedures could be responsible
for these discrepancies.
The secondary hood was not operating for about 15-minutes
of the 18-minute 46-second oxygen blow.
Furnace doors open during tap.
The view of the furnace was blocked by the scrap charger
during part of the tap cycle.
Observers: Dusanka Lazarevic
Donna Opthoff
Justine Schroeder
John Holm
-------
TABLE 2.1. SUMMARY OP FUGITIVE EMISSIONS - VESSEL OPERATION, - NO. 2 EOF (CONTINUED)
I
Ul
I
1 Qflfi
J. yO\J
Date
Time
Run No.
5-13
1728
12
5-14
1153
13
5-14
1258
14
5-14
1342
15
5-14
1427
1 £
AO
5-14
1513
17
, a Fun
Cycle
* Nun
SC
HMC
11 10
.TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD
TD 10
TD
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD 10
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TO 10
TD
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD 10
BIT(SA)
TAP
DS
SC
HMC
TD
TAP
DS
Emission Frequency, Percent
lace Charge Side
iber
Obs.
1
47
77
89
90
88
96
44
68
80
90
89
98
97
59
81
89
706
97
68
69
91
89
80e
94
73
75
94
11
88
85
46
72
84
86
96
91
Obs.
2
_
80
89
87
83
lOOb
15
79
83
90
88
93
95
33
98
88
63e
84
93
67
92
92
88e
lOQb
90
88
94
9
85
89
23
73
87
72
98
100b
Tap
Obs.
3
0
0
0
0
88
10
0
0
0
0
0
96
9
0
0
0
84
1
0
0
6
0
81
1
0
0
12
0
84
0
0
0
0
0
94
0
Side
Obs.
4
0
0
0
0
92
16
0
0
0
0
0
10013
3
0
0
0
65
0
0
0
0
0
98
1
0
0
-
14
80
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
1980
Date
Time
Run No.
Cycle
Furnace
Number
Emission Frequency, Percent
Charge Side
Obs.
1
Obs.
2
Tap Side
Obs.
3
Obs.
4
5-14
1625
18
SC
HMC
TD
TAP
DS
20
0
48
96
96
85
32
78
97
100b
77
5-14
1727
19
SC
HMC
TD
TAP
DS
20
0
50
93
96
93
0
83
92
99
97
0
0
0
85
0
0
0
0
99
0
0
0
0
94
0
0
0
0
96
0
-------
Roof Monitor
Visible emission data were reduced using two methods.
In Table 2.2, percent opacities were averaged for 24 consec-
utive readings, excluding any interferences. This method
does not permit direct comparison of simultaneous observa-
tions. Table 2.3 presents the percent opacities in 6-minute
averages, which includes all interferences.
Results of the Method 22 roof monitor readings
are presented in Table 2,4. Any corresponding interference
times noted on the Method 9 data sheets were subtracted
from each observer's accumulated observation time. Overall
and unobscured averages for both Methods 9 and 22 are
presented in Table 2.5.
The degree of agreement between the east and
west side simultaneous roof monitor observations at
the No. 2 EOF shop indicates that emissions seen from
the west side originate in the No. 2 BOF shop. There
was an average difference of 4-percent between sides
for EPA Method 22 and 11-percent for EPA Method 9 during
the period of overcast sky when improper sun-angle
adversity was minimal for the alternate observers.
Differences ranged up to 78-percent during periods
when the alternate observers had to face the sun.
Velocity Traverse
Table 2.6 presents the flowrates and temperatures
from velocity traverses conducted simultaneously with
the fugitive emission evaluations for Nos. 2 and 4 BOF
- 6 -
-------
TABLE 2.2. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 2 EOF - METHOD 9
(24 consecutive readings)
Date
1980 Time
5/13 1100-1105
W6St 1106-1111
1112-1117
1118-1123
1124-1129
1130-1135
1136-1141
1142-1149
1155-1211
1211-1217
1217-1223
1223-1229
1229-1235
1235-1241
1241-1247
1247-1253
1253-1259
1259-1305
1305-1321
1321-1327
1327-1333
1333-1339
1339-1345
1345-1351
1351-1357
1357-1403
1403-1409
1409-1415
5/13 1540-1547
ESSt 1547-1555
1555-1604
1604-1620
1620-1638
1638-1648
1649-1656
Observer
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
High
0
0
15
5
0
10
5
10
40
35
5
15
10
5
5
5
0
0
10
5
0
0
10 .
15
15
5
5
5
15
0
5
15
0
0
5
1 Date
1980
Avg.
0 5/13
0 East
4.2
0.6
0
1.9
0.6
1.7
6.7 5/14
5.4
0.6
2.9
6.7
2.9
0.4
0.6
0
0
2.9
0.4
0
0
1.5
1.7
0.8 5/14
0.8
0.4
1.7
2.7
0
0.2
3.5
0
0
0.6
Time
1657-1702
1703-1711
1711-1719
1719-1737
1737-1744
1745-1753
1753-1801'
1801-1809
. 1150-1159
1159-1210
1210-1216
1216-1222
1222-1228
1228-1236
1237-1242
1243-1303
1303-1311
1311-1320
1320-1326
1328-1333
1334-1339
1340-1345
1346-1351
1352-1357
1450-1455
1456-1501
1502-1507
1508-1513
1514-1519
1520-1525
1526-1531
1532-1537
1538-1543
1544-1549
1600-1608
1608-1614
Observer 1 (continued)
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
High
30
15
0
0
0
5
0
10
10
20
20
0
10
10
10
40
10
15
0
15
15
10
5
5
15
10
10
5
5
5
5
15
10
10
45
10
Avg.
5.8
2.9
0
0
0
1.3
0
2.7
0.6
8.8
3.8
0
3.3
2.1
1.0
19.6
1.7
7.7
0
3.8
2.9
0.8
0.4
0.4
6.9
2.5
4.4
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.2
3.1
3.5
1.9
11.4
4.8
- 7 -"
-------
TABLE 2.3. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 2 BOF - METHOD 9
(6-minute averages)
5/13
Date
1980
Time
Observer 1
No. of
Inter-
ferences
Low
High
Avg.
Date
1980
Time
Observer 1 (continued)
No. of
Inter-
ferences
Low
High
Avg.
1100-1105
1106-1111
1112-1117
1118-1123
1124-1129
1130-1135
1136-1141
1142-1147
1148-1153
1154-1159
1210-1215
1216-1221
1222-1227
1228-1233
1234-1239
1240-1245
1246-1251
1252-1257
1258-1303
1304-1309
1320-1325
1326-1331
1332-1337
1038-1343
1344-1349
1350-1355
1356-1401
1402-1407
1408-1413
1414-1419
1540-1545
1546-1551
1552-1557
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
8
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
. 5
0
10
5
10
0
10
40
5
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
10
10
0
0
10
0
15
5
5
5
5
15
0
0
0
0
4.2
0.6
0
1.9
0.6
1.7
0
1.3
11.0
0.6
1.7
6.5
4.2
0.2
1.0
0
. 0
1.7
1.7
0
0
1.5
0
2.5
0.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
3.4
0
0
5/13 1558-1603
1604-1609
1620-1625
1626-1631
1632-1637
1638-1643
1644-1649
1650-1655
1656-1701
1702-1707
1708-1713
1714-1719
1730-1735
1736-1741
1742-1747
1748-1753
1754-1759
1800-1805
5/14 1150-1155
1156-1161
1162-1107
1108-1113
1114-1119
1120-1125
1126-1131
1132-1137
1138-1143
1144-1149
1300-1305
1306-1311
1312-1317
1318-1323
1324-1329
4
0
8
16
23
13
6
8
0
6
3
9
7
5
8
5
6
4
4
18
.13
0
0
0
2
7
0
10
15
0
4
8
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
30
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
10
0
10
10
20
0
10
10
0
20
40
10
10
15
0
0
0
3.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.5
7.8
0
0
0
0
0
1.6
0
3.3
0
4.2
2.7
10.8
0
2.1
3.6
0
4.2
27.9
2.8
2.1
7.8
0
0
- 8 -
-------
TABLE 2.3. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 2 EOF - METHOD 9 (CONTINUED)
(6-minute averages)
Date
1980
Time
Observer 1 (continued)
No. of
Inter-
ferences
Low
High
Avg.
5/14
1330-1335
1336-1341
1342-1347
1348-1353
1354-1359
1450-1455
1456-1501
1502-1507
1508-1513
1514-1519
1520-1525
1526-1531
1532-1537
1538-1543
1544-1549
1600-1605
1606-1611
1612-1617
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
15
5
10
. 0
5
15
10
10
5
5
5
5
15
10
10
45
5
10
6.0
0.6
1.3
0
0.4
6.9
2.5
4.4
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.2
3.1
3.5
1.9
16.1
3.5
3.1
- 9 -
-------
TABLE 2.4. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 2 EOF - METHOD 22
Date
1980
Time
Accumulated
Observation
Time
(sec)
Accumulated Emission
Time (sec)
Emission Frequency
Percent
5/13
1140-1209
1220-1249
1300-1329
1340-1409.
1540-1609
1620-1649
1700-1729
1740-1809
1725
1800
1800
1800
1440
900
1380
1200
150
792
309
194
298
0
210
177
8.7
44.0
17.2
10.8
20.7
0
15.2
14.8
- 10 -
-------
TABLE 2..5 METHODS 9 AND 22 AVERAGES, NO. 2 EOF
EPA METHOD OVERALL UNOBSCURED1 24 CONSECUTIVE READINGS
Method 9 2.3 '2.1 2.3
Method 22 16.4 24.0
Excludes any 6-minute or 30 minute or full set data with periods of
obscured view.
- 11 - .
-------
TABLE 2.6. STACK GAS PARAMETERS
Secondary Scrubber Inlet - No. 2 EOF
Test
Number
i.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Date
1980
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
. 5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
5/12
Flowrate
scfm
123,400
111,300
120,600
120,900
123,100
123,000
117,600
121,100
124,500
123,000
121,600
121,900
132,700
127,600
131,400
127,600
129,700
130,100
130,400
130,700
125,000
129,200
129,800
129,000
Temp
F
98.4
99.2
122.0
122.0
116.0
114.0
129.0
111.0
109.0
109.0
107.0
105.0
89.3
85.0
119.0
121.0
94.3
90.9
105.0
122.0
122.0
116.0
101.0
98.7
Secondary Baghouse Outlet - No. 4 EOF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
130,600
128,500
125,600
128,800
125,000
124,100
137,700
124,100
132,300
136,300
140,800
141,600
81.3
84.1
95.4
97.3
91.8
98.7
92.6
95,3
79.9
95.8
82.0
89.2
- 12 -
-------
shops. The flowrates are expressed in standard cubic
feet per minute (scfm) and temperatures in degrees
Fahrenheit (F). Velocities at the No. 2 EOF ranged
from 111,300 to 132,700 scfm. The 24 runs averaged
125,200 scfm.
NO. 4 EOF SHOP
Hot Metal Transfer
Table 2.7.presents the results of the fugitive
emissions from the hot metal transfer station at the
No. 4 EOF. Twelve runs of the transfer process were
observed. Emissions ranged from 41.5 to 98.7-percent.
Desulfurization
Table 2.8 presents the results for the fugitive
emissions evaluations of the desulfurization station.
Three test runs were conducted after which observations
were discontinued due to high emission frequencies.
Emission frequencies ranged from 61.1 to 99.7-percent.
Roof Monitor
Visible emission data were reduced using two methods.
In Table 2.9, percent opacities were averaged for 24 consec-
utive readings, excluding any interferences. This method
does not permit direct comparison of simultaneous observa-
tions. Table 2.10 presents the percent opacities in 6-minute
averages, which includes all interferences.
- 13 -
-------
TABLE 2.7. FUGITIVE EMISSION EVALUATIONS OF HOT METAL TRANSFER - NO. 4 EOF
Test
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Date
1980
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
5/15
a
Observer 1
Accum.
Obser.
0:58
0:27
0:37
1:13
1:42
0:43
0:34
1:16
1:23
1:12
2:00
2:39
Accum.
Emission
0:30
0:17
0:18
0:58
1:35
0:29
0:21
0:44
1:18
1:02
1:37
2:09
Emission
Frequency
51.7
63.0
48.6
79.5
93.1
67.4
61.8
57.9
94.0
86.1
80.8
81.1
Observer 2
Accum.
Obser.
0:53
0:28
0:37
1:15
1:42
0:41
0:20
1:12
1:24
1:10
1:58
2:40
Accum.
Emission
0:22
0:18
0:22
1:14
1:38
0:32
0:13
0:37
1:19
1:08
1:50
2:36
Emission
Frequency
41.5
64.3
59.5
98.7
96.1
78.0
65.0
51.4
94.0
97.1
93.2
97.5
Observers are as follows: (1) John C. Holm, (2) Donna L. Opthoff.
-------
TABLE 2.8. FUGITIVE EMISSION EVALUATIONS OF THE DESULFURIZATION STATION - NO. 4 EOF
Test
Number
Date
1980
a
Observer 1
Accum.
Obser.
1 5/15 6:14
2 5/15 6:36
3 5/15 5:44
Accum.
Emission
4:34
4:02
5:43
Emission
Frequency
Observer 2
Accum.
Obser.
73.3 6:15
61.1 6:29
99.7 5:43
Accum.
Emission
4:36
4:26
5:40
Emission
Frequency
73.6
68.4
99.1
Observers are as follows: (1) John C. Holm, (2) Donna L. Opthoff.
ui
I
-------
TABLE 2.9. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 4 EOF - METHOD 9
(24 consecutive readings)
Date
1980 . Time
1005-1011
1011-1017
1017-1023
1023-1030
1030-1047
1047-1053
1053-1100
1100-1106
1106-1112
1112-1128
1128-1136
1136-1144
5/15 1144-1150
1150-1206
1206-1212
1212-1218
1218-1224
1224-1341
1341-1348
1348-1356
1356-1413
1413-1419
1419-1425
1425-1432
1432-1438
Observer
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
55
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
High
50
0
10
0
45
45
50
45
15
25
15
100
100
45
5
.100
80
100
0
5
30
35
20
15
0
1 Date
. _ Tintfi
1980
Avg.
9.2 0950-0955
0 0955-1002
2.7 1002-1008
0 1008-1014
11.3 1014-1030
17.9 1030-1037
8.3 1037-1043
11.9 1043-1050
6.5 1050-1056
11.0 1056-1112
4.4 1113-1119
20.2 1119-1125
21.9 5/15 1125-1131
19.4 1131-1137
0.2 1137-1154
90.2 1154-1200
56.2 1200-1206
23.5 1206-1212
0 1212-1218
0.4 1218-1248
3.5 1249-1357
4.2 1357-1403
1.4 1403-1415
1.9 1415-1437
0
Observer 2
Low High Avg.
0 5 2.3
. 0 10 2.1
0 45 17.3
0 30 4.0
0 0 0
0 5 0.2
0 30 5.6
0 15 4.2
0 t 30 12.5
0 45 13.5
0 40 11.9
0 20 3.3
0 45 7.1
0 5 1.7
5 20 10.6
0 25 12.1
0 5 1.9
000
0 100 72.9
0 80 29.6
0 100 33.1
0 10 1.2
0 10 0.4
0 10 1.0
- 16 -
-------
TABLE 2.10. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 4 EOF - METHOD 9
(6-minute averages)
Date
Time
1980
1005-1010
1011-1016
1017-1022
1023-1028
1029-1034
1045-1050
1051-1056
1057-1102
1103-1108
1109-1114
1125-1130
1131-1136
1137-1142
1143-1148
1149-1154
5/15
1205-1210
1211-1216
1217-1222
1223-1228
1229-1234
1330-1335
1336-1341
1342-1347
1348-1353
1354-1359
1410-1415
1416-1421
1422-1427
1428-1433
1434-1439
Observer 1
No. of
Inter-
ferences
1
0
0
4
2
2
0
4
0
0
6
4
6
1
0
0
0
0
18
17
21
9
2
8
2
2
0
2
4
1
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
35
35
45
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
High
50
0
10
0
45
Date
Avg. 1980
9.6
0
2.7
0
6.4
45 23.2
50 10.4
45 10.5
15
5.4
25 11.5
25
15
25
6.47
4.8
9.7
100 31.3
45 22.9
5
0.8
100 73.8
80 59.8 5/15
75 51.7
100 70.0
25 25.0
0
0
5
30
0
35
20
0
0
0
0
G.6
3.9
0
4.2
3.6
0
0
- 17 -
Time
0950-0955
0956-1001
1002-1007
1008-1013
1014-1019
1030-1035
1036-1041
1042-1047
1048-1053
1054-1059
1110-1115
1116-1121
1122-1127
1128-1133
1134-1139
1150-1155
1156-1201
1202-1207
1208-1213
1214-1219
1230-1235
1236-1241
1242-1247
1248-1253
1254-1259
1315-1320
1321-1326
1327-1332
1333-1338
1339-1344
1355-1400
1401-1406
1407-1412
1413-1418
1419-1424
Observer 2
No. of
Inter- Low
ferences
0 0
2 0
0 5
1 0
0 0
2 0
0 0
3 0
2 5
1 0
1 5
1 0
1 0
0 0
3 0
0 5
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 60
22 30
18 0
16 5
18 20
24
17 80
24
24
23 25
24
0 0
0 0
18 0
8 0
20 0
High Avg.
5 2.3
10 1.4
45 17.9
30 4.3
0 0
5 0.2
30 5.4
5 1.2
30 16.1
45 8.7
40 18.0
5 0.9
45 10.4
5 1.5
15 3.3
25 14.0
15 6.5
5 1.9
100 4.2
100 88.5
40 35.0
10 2.5
20 16.3
20 20.0
_
100 90.7
- _
_ _
25 25.0
-
25 2.7
0 0
10 1.7
10 1 .6
0 0
-------
Results of the Method 22 roof monitor readings
are presented in Table 2.11. Any corresponding interference
times noted on the Method 9 data sheets were subtracted
from each observer's accumulated observation time. Overall
and unobscured averages for both Methods 9 and 22 are
presented in Table 2.12.
Velocity Traverse
Velocities at the No. 4 BOF (Table 2.6) ranged from
132,300 to 141,600 scfm, averaging 131,300 scfm over 12
runs.
- 18 -
-------
TABLE 2.11. ROOF MONITOR EMISSIONS, NO. 4 EOF - METHOD 22
Date
1980
5/15
Time
0950-1009
1020-1039
1050-1109
1120-1140
1150-1209
1220-1239
1315-1334
1345-1404
1415-1444
Accumulated
Observation
Time
(sec)
1170
1095
1140
1065
1200
360
105
1020
1095
Accumulated Emission
Time (sec)
843.
326
819
668
742
987
294
98
101
Emission Frequency
Percent
72.1
29.7
71.9
62.8
a
61.9
b
>.'100.0
b
> 100.0
9.6
9.2
Based on a 20-minute observation period.
Periods of interferences during Method 9 observations were eliminated from
accumulated times, this would occasionally cause emission frequencies
to be greater than 100-percent.
- 19 -
-------
TABLE 2.12 METHODS 9 AND 22 AVERAGES, NO. 4 EOF
EPA METHOD OVERALL UNOBSCURED1 24 CONSECUTIVE READINGS
Method 9 13.9 15.3 11.7
Method 22 96.8 61.9
Excludes any 6-minute or 30 minute or full set data with periods of
obscured view.
- 20 -
-------
3.0 OBSERVATION LOCATIONS AND EMISSION POINTS
NO. 2 EOF SHOP
Basic Oxygen Furnace
Figure 3.1 presents a plan view of the BOF observation
area and respective observation locations.
The observation location for the tap side was
approximately 15-feet southwest and northwest of furnace
Nos. 10 and 20, respectively. The charge side observa-
tion location was approximately 25-feet southeast and
northwest of furnace Nos. 10 and 20, respectively.
Both furnaces were observed during the study.
All observation points permitted optimum and rel-
atively safe viewing of the furnaces.
Roof Monitor
The morning through early afternoon observation
location (for both observers, Methods 9 and 22) was
approximately 250-feet west, of the BOF building at
ground level. The position was moved in the afternoon
to a location about 1000-feet east of the building.
Figure 3.2 depicts these locations.
Velocity Traverse
The secondary scrubber inlet was a 95-inch I.D.
duct located approximately 75-feet above ground level.
The duct was accessed through a 3-inch sampling port
which was about 8 duct diameters downstream and 2 duct
- 21 -
-------
Pulpit
X
Tap side
Observer
location
N
t
Calderon charger
N)
I
Charge side _
Observer
location
X
Figure 3.1. Plan view of the No. 2 EOF shop and observation points
-------
Coke
N
AM
U)
I
No. 2 EOF
Merchant mills
PM
Figure 3,. 2. Roof monitor observation locations - No. 2 EOF shop.
-------
diameters upstream from any flow disturbances. Velocity
pressures and temperatures were measured at 12 traverse
points. Figure 3.3 presents a plan view of the sampling
location and a stack cross-section.
NO. 4 EOF SHOP
Hot Metal Transfer and Desulfurization Processes
Observation points for the hot metal transfer
process were approximately 20 to 28-feet from the station
(Figure 3.4). An observer was located at each end of the
exhaust shed. Observation location for the desulfuriza-
tion process was on a catwalk about 30-feet above ground
level at the south end of the EOF shop. These locations
permitted optimum viewing of the processes at a safe
distance.
Velocity Traverse
At the No. 4 EOF shop the secondary baghouse outlet
was a 96-inch I.D. duct, located approximately 50-feet
above ground level. The duct was accessed through one of
two existing 3-inch ports spaced at 90-degrees opposed. The
other port could not be opened at the time of the traverse.
The ports were located about 80-feet downstream from a
bend and 20-feet upstream from another bend, providing
adequate upstream/downstream distances to disturbances.
The traverse consisted of 18-points. Velocity pressures
and temperatures were measured at each point. Figure
- 24 -
-------
Plan View
No. 2 EOF shop
(Stack )
7 5-ft >
300-ft
Stack Cross-section
This port was not
traversed
Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Distance
(Inches)
2.
6.
11.
16.
23.
33.
61.
71.
78.
83.
88.
93.
0
4
2
8
8
8
2
2
2
8
6
0
Figure 3.3.
No. 2 EOF sampling location of secondary
scrubber inlet.
- 25 -
-------
Desulfurization
observation
location
No. 4 BOF shop
Torp
X
r Torp
Retractable
desulfurization
hoods
Hot metal
transfer
hood
Hot metal transfer observation locations
Figure 3.4. Hot metal transfer and desulfurization observation locations -
No. 4 BOF shop.
-------
3.5 presents a plan view of the sampling location and
a stack cross-section.
Roof Monitor
The morning observation location was approximately
800-feet south of the No. 4 EOF shop at ground level.
The position was moved in the afternoon to a location
about 500-feet west of the building. Figure 3.6
depicts these locations. Even though the morning and
afternoon locations had several interferences from the
teaming roof monitors and other stacks, they were the
only locations available for viewing the EOF building.
- 27 -
-------
Plan View
.;::' n
Ports
To \
atm
Fan
From
Baghouse
Stack Cross-section
This port was not
traversed
Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Distance
(Inches)
1.3
4.2
7.2
10.5
14.0
18.0
22.7
28.4
36.7
59.3
67.6
73.3
78.0
82.0
85.5
88.8
91.8
94.7
Figure 3.5.
No. 4 EOF sampling location of secondary
baghouse outlet.
- 28 -
-------
I
to
No. 4 EOF shop
Figure 3.6. Roof monitor observation locations - No. 4 EOF shop.
-------
4.0 OBSERVATION PROCEDURES
Visible emissions were performed in accordance
with EPA Method 22, Visible Determinations of Fugitive
Emissions from Material Processing Sources, and EPA
Method 9, Visual Determination of the Opacity of
Emissions from Stationary Sources.
No. 2 EOF SHOP
Basic Oxygen Furnace
The entire heat of the furnace was observed. A
single heat, which was also considered one test run,
included the scrap charge, hot metal charge, oxygen blow,
turndown, any additional blows and turndowns, tapping,
and deslagging. Two persons observed the charge side
and two observed the tap side, simultaneously, using
Method 22. Radio communications provided coordination
between the observers during each test. The designated
start and stop times for the above sequences were keyed
to the following activities.
Scrap and hot metal charges - from start of ladle
tilt to its return to an upright position.
0
2 blow - the sound of a depressurization discharge
at the onset and completion of the blow. Observers
on the charging side could also see the lance being
lowered and raised.
Turndown - from start of furnace tilt to its return
to an upright position.
Tapping - from start of furnace tilt (backwards toward
tapping side) to its return to an upright position.
- 30 -
-------
Deslagging - from the start of furnace tilt to its
return to an upright position. The furnace may be
dumped 2 or 3 times before the entire deslagging is
completed.
An entire heat usually lasted from 30 to 50 minutes.
The heats were generally back to back extending the observa-
tion period to two or more hours. This exceeds the recommended
Method 22 observation time which specifies that the
observer take a 5 to 10 minute break for every 15 to
20 minutes of observations. .After three heats with no
significant emissions during the oxygen blow, this sequence
was eliminated from the test plan. Therefore, the
observation period included scrap and hot metal charging
and the period from the first turndown to the end of
deslagging. A total of 19 heats were observed.
Velocity Traverse
Exhaust gas sampling was conducted in accordance
with procedures outlined in the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's "Standards of Performance for
New Stationary Sources" (Federal Register 40CFR60,
December 23, 1971, as amended through August 18, 1977).
The duct was divided into equal areas and exhaust
gas velocities were measured at each midpoint. Velocity
pressures were obtained using an S-type Pitot tube and
inclined 0 to 10-inch water gauge manometer, in
accordance with EPA Methods 1 and 2.
- 31 -
-------
Roof Monitor
Two observers recorded emissions from the roof
monitor in addition to the observations made by York
Research. One observer used Method 9 while the other
used Method 22. Both viewed the entire length of the
roof monitor. The No. 2 BOF shop roof monitor is
open on only one side. Since the open side is not
visible from the afternoon viewing location, the
observers could not see the source of emissions rising
over the top edge of the monitor. In order to document
possible interferring emissions, the two additional
readers read simultaneously from the opposite side of
the shop.
NO. 4 BOF SHOP
Hot Metal Transfer and Desulfurization
Two observers recorded emissions at the hot metal
transfer and the desulfurization stations using Method 22.
There are two exhaust sheds at the hot metal transfer
station, however, during this study only one torpedo
car was poured at a time. The observers located themselves
at opposite sides of the shed. Elapsed time was measured
from the time the metal began to pour until metal stopped
pouring. Inside at the desulfurization station an exhaust
hood would move to the ladle during the process. Elapsed
time was measured from the time the lance contacted the
metal until the ladle was returned to the hot metal transfer
station. During the period after lance removal, emissions
- 32 -
-------
remained high. Therefore, this time was included in the
cycle, however, the time of lance removal was also recorded,
breaking the entire cycle into two segments.
Velocity Traverse
The same procedure was used as at the No. 2 EOF
location.
Roof Monitor
Three observers were employed to record emissions
from the roof monitor. Two persons read Method 9 while
one read Method 22. One Method 9 and one Method 22 reader
started reading at the same time, the Method 9 for 30-minutes
with a 10-minute break and the Method 22 for 20 minutes
with a 10-minute break. The second Method 9 reader
began observations 15 minutes later, therefore, no lapse
times occurred between the two Method 9 readers. The
entire length of the roof monitor was viewed by all three
observers.
- 33 -
-------
SECTION II - YORK RESEARCH CORPORATION
-------
INLAND STEEL PLANT N0._ 2
INDIANA HARBOR WORKS
EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA
VISIBLE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
MEASUREMENT PROGRAM
FINAL REPORT
CONTRACT NUMBER: 68-02-2819
TASK ASSIGNMENT: 26
YRC PROJECT NUMBER: 01-9517-26
Prepared by
YORK RESEARCH CORPORATION
ONE RESEARCH DRIVE
STAMFORD, CT 06906
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paqe
LIST OF FIGURES -!
LIST OF TABLES ~i
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 TESTING PROCEDURES AND EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS 1
LOCATIONS
3.0 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS 2
4.0 APPENDIX 8
4.1 Certifications: EPA Method 9
4.2 EPA Reference Methods
4.3 EPA Method 9 Field Data Sheets
4.4 EPA Method 22 Field Data Sheets
-------
-1-
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Inland Steel Plant No. 2,
Observation Locations
Page
4
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.0
1.1 Summary of Opacity Observations: 5-12-80
1.2 " " 5-13-80
1.3 " " " 5-14-80
1.4 " " 5/15/80
1.5 " " 5/16/80
Table 2.0
2.1 Summary of Fugitive Emissions Observations:5-12-80
2.2 " " ' " " 5-13-80
2.3 " " " 5-14-80
2.4 " " " 5-15-80
2.5 " " " " 5-16-80
Table 3.0 Numerical Average Results
-------
-1-
1.0 INTRODUCTION
York Research Corporation (YRC),contracted by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (.USEPA) , under EPA Contract No.68-02-2819 ,
performed visual emissions tests at the Inland Steel Plant No. 2,
Indiana Harbor Works, East Chicago, Indiana. These tests were
conducted from May 12, 1980 through May 16, 1980. The source of
the emissions investigated was the No. 2 Basic Oxygen Furnace
(EOF) roof monitor. -The objective of the tests were to provide data for
determining standards of performance for new stationary Sources.
The test team consisted of the following individuals'.
Name Affliation Title
John W. Brown USEPA Technical Manager
Laurie Behr YRC Project Scientist
Bruce Wuebber YRC Project Scientist
Maria Denaro YRC Project Scientist
Sabina Strautman YRC Project Scientist
These individuals are certified (see Appendix 4.1) to conduct EPA
Method 9 (Visual Determination of the Opacity of Emissions from
Stationary Sources).
2.0 ' TESTING. PROCEDURES AND EMISSIONS OBSERVATION LOCATIONS
The visible emissions were determined in accordance with guidelines
described in EPA Method 9 (Visual Determination of the Opacity of
Emissions from Stationary Sources) and EPA Method 22 (Visual
Determination of Fugitive Emissions from Material Processing Sources)
(see Appendix 4.2).
-------
-2-
Figure 1 indicates the points of observation for the tests. The
positions were selected for the best possible view of the Basic
Oxygen Furnace Roof Monitor. Difficulties encountered in finding
the appropriate observation points were due to the sun location,
emissions from other sources, vehicle traffic of the steel plant
and other buildings obstructing the view. The observation sites
selected permitted visible emissions testing within the prescribed
requirements of the EPA test methods.
Two individuals read emissions simultaneously for each method.
For EPA Method 9, one test consisted of readings taken for 1 hour
at 15 second intervals and readings for EPA Method 22 were taken
continuously for 30 minutes. A 10 minute break* was taken between
each test.
Beginning at observation point A, Csee Figure 1) 2 to 3- tests were
taken per day. Positions were then changed to observation point B,
due to shifting of sun location, for further readings of 2 to 3 tests
A total of 24 hours of readings were accumulated for each method.
The field data sheets are presented- in Appendix 4.3 and 4.4.
3.0 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS
Tables 1.1 through 1.5 and Tables 2.1 through 2.5 summarize the
results of the emissions tests for EPA Method 9 and EPA Method 22
respectively. Numerical averages are presented in Table 3.0 for
both methods.
* Shorter breaks were taken voluntarily
-------
-3-
The majority of the observations were conducted under good weather
conditions; clear to party cloudy skies with winds varying from
5-15 miles per hour. However, on Tuesday afternoon, May 13, 1980,
due to a change in wind direction and poor weather conditions, the
EOF emission area was obscured by steam plumes. Visible emissions
observations were discontinued during these periods of obscuring
interference.
Times when the visibility was blocked are indicated both on the
field data sheets and the summary tables. Averages given for the
periods including blocked visibility are calculated using first
all data obtained and then using only the unobscured readings in
the affected set. Also, emissions were exceedingly high, both in
opacity and frequency, on Thursday, May 15, 1980.
-------
COKE
Inland Steel
plant *2
East Chicago, Indiana
B
settling
tanks
NO.2 B.O.F.
PLANT 2 MILLS
MERCHANT MILLS
south gate
roadways
observation pts.
76" HOT STRIP
no.6 pump station
FIG. 1
-------
-5-
TABLE 1.0
-------
AVERAGE OPACITY %
TABLE 1.1
SUMMARY OF OPACITY OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5/12/80
Six
Minute
Intervals
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Test 1
(1150-1250)
Obs. 1 Obs. 2
...6 ''
0
2
4
0
5
14
1
0
0
5
1
0
5
0
7
14
0
0
1
Test 2
(1304-1404)
Obs. 1 Obs. 2
5
1
2
0
0
0
5
1
0
3
4
0
2
0
0
0
3
1
0
4
Test 3
(1420-1646)
Obs. 1 Obs. 2
0
2
12
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
11
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
Test 4
(1650-1750)
Obs. 1 Obs. 2
0
4
14
5
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
5
13
5
0
0
0
0
2
4
Obs. = Observer
-------
TABLE 1.2
SUMMARY OF OPACITY OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 BOF, INLAND STEEL
5-13-80
AVERAGE OPACITY %
Six Test 5
Minute (1100-1200)
Intervals Obs.l Obs.2
1 0
2 0
3 2
4 1
5 0
6 0
7 1
8 0
9 3*
10 0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
3*
0
Test 6
(1214-1314)
Obs.l Obs.2
0
0
8
12
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
8
13
1
0
0
0
0
1
Test 7
(1324-1424)
Obs . 1 Obs . 2
2
0
1*
5
4
3
3
1
4*
0 ;
2
0
1*
6
5
4
4
0
5*
0
Test 8
(1515-1615)
Obs.l Obs.2
0
0
0
0
0
2*
0*
0*
0*
0
0
0
0
0
0
2*
0*
0*
0*
0
Test 9
(1630-1730) .
Obs.l Obs.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Test 10
(1750-185
Obs.l Obs
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0*
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Vision Obscured for some of the
readings in the time interval
Obs. = observer
-------
TABLE 1.3
SUMMARY OF OPACITY OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5-14-80
AVERAGE OPACITY %
Six Test 11
Minute (1100-1200)
Intervals Obs.l Obs . 2
1 0
2 2
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 1
7 5
8 5
9 5
10 1
1
3
0
0
0
0
8
4
6
1
Test 12
(1210-1310)
Obs.l Obs. 2
5
1
0
3
2
0
14
4
5
2
2
0
1
4
2
0
13
1
7
3
Test 13
(1320-1420)
Obs.l Obs. 2
0
0
6
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
5
4
1
0
0
0
0
3
Test 14
(1501-1601)
Obs.l Obs. 2
4
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
5
5
3
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
5
Test 15
(1610-1710)
Obs.l Obs. 2
5
2
6
3
2
0
0
1
5
3
7
2
5
4
3
0
0
2
5'
3
Test 16
(1720-182
Obs.l Obs
0
0
2
0
0
o
0
5
0
6
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
7
1
0
Obs. = Observer
-------
*:
TABLE 1.4
SUMMARY OF OPACITY OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5/15/80
AVERAGE OPACITY %
Six Test 17
Minute (1125-1225)
Interval Obs.l Obs.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
10
6
18
2
3
8
1
0
0
3
11
7
19
4
4
8
4
0
0
Test 18
(1235-1335)
Obs . 1 Obs . 2
2
7
3
0
. 2*
0
19
5
8
2
4
9
3
0
.3*
0
16
5
10
3
Test 19
(1345-1445)
Obs.l Obs.2
9
12
5
29*
18
10
8
5
0
6
9
12
6
27*
23
13
8
9
1
8
Test 20
(1515-1615)
Obs . l Obs . 2
0
3
2
?
12
0
0
0
2
7
0
4
4
8
17
0
0
0
2
31
Test 21
(1625-1725)
Obs . i Obs . 2
0
0
0
. 18
2
2*
38
. 12*
2
4*
0
0
0
28
1
4*
40
13*
2
3*
Test 22
(1735-1835)
Obs.l. Obs.2
4
2
0
3
0
10
14
1
2*
7
5
3'
0
3
0
10
15
2
3*
6
* Vision obscured for some of the readings in the time interval
Obs. = Observer
-------
Six Minute
Interval
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Obs. = Observer
TABLE 1.5
SUMMARY OF OPACITY OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5/16/80
AVERAGE OPACITY %
Test 23
Obs. 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(1100-1200)
Obs. 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Test 24 (1205-1305)
Obs. 1 Obs. 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-------
-6-
TABLE 2.0
-------
TABLE 2.1
SUMMARY OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5-12-80
Accumulated Accumulated Emission
Observation Time (sec.) Emission Frequency
Time Time (sec.) Observer 1 Observer 2 Observer 1 Observer 2
1150-1340
1350-1420
1430-1500
1628-1658
1710-1740
5400
1800
1800
1800
1800
1103
207
602
85
82
1259
165
349
87
52
20
11
33
4
4
.4
.5
.4
.7
.6
23.3
9.2
19.4
4.8
2.9
-------
TABLE 2.2
SUMMARY OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5-13-80
Time
1104-1134
1143-1213
1225-1255
1302-1332
1347-1417
1427-1457
1515-1545
*
1550-1620
1630-1700
1705-1735
1742-1812
1816-1846
Accumulated
Observation
Time (sec.)
1800
1740
1800
1800
1680
1800
1800
1590 '
1800
1800
1800
1785
Accumulated Emission
Time (sec . )
Observer 1 Observer 2
96
84
609
760
844
658
0
70
0
87
237
0
116
90
612
774
839
569
0
85
0
79
95
0
Emission
Observer 1
5.3
4.8
33.8
42.2
50:2
36.6
0
4.4
0
4.8
13.2
0
Frequency
Observer 2
6.4
5.2
34.0
43.0
49.9
31.6
0
5.4
0
4.4
5.3
0
Note; Vision obscured for some of the readings in the time intervals
-------
Time
1100
1135
1210
1245
1330
1405
1501
1535
1611
1647
1722
1752
-1130
-1205
-1240
-1315
-1400
-1435
-1531
-1605
-1641
-1717
-1752
-1822
Accumulated
Observation
Time (.sec, L
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
TABLE 2.
3
1 11 1 1 --r-*- ~ L J_LI» r - - --- -- - - - . -
1 FUGI.TI.VE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
2 BQF, INLAND STEEL
5-14-80
Accumulated Emission
Time Csec , ).
Observer 1 Observer 2
98
687
363
820
270
427
309
459
628
414
130
449
95
741
320
7*4
30-1
390
286
442
632
427
118
393
En)is.aio.n
Observer 1
5,4
38,2
20,2
45,6
15,0
23.7
17.2
25,5
34,9
23,0
7,2
24,9
Frequency
Observer 2
5,3
41.2
17,8
44,4
16,7
21,7
15.9
24.6
35.1
23.7
6.6
2i, 8
-------
TABLE 2.4
SUMMARY OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
NO. 2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5-15-80
Time
Accumulated
Observation
Time (sec.}
Accumulated Emission
Time (sec.)
Observer 1 Observer 2
Emission Frequency
Observer 1 Observer 2
1125-1155
1200-1230
1236-1306*
1311-1340
1349-1419*
1429-1459
1515-1545
1550-1620
1625-1655
1700-1730*
1735-1805
1810-1840 V
1800
1800
1710
1800
1725
1800
1800
1800
1800
1740
1800
1785
1152
675
484
1028
1238
823
748
403
415
1068
309
607
1181
480
413
1,054
1238
827
719
465
450
1083
325
610
64.0
37.5
28.3
57.1
71.8
45.7
41.6
22.4
23.1
61.4
17.2
34/0
65.6
26.7
24.2
58.6
71.8
45.9
39.9
25.8
25.0
; 62.2
18.1
34.2
Vision obscured for some of the readings in the time interval.
-------
SUMMARY OF
NO.
Accumulated
Observation
Time Time (sec.)
1100-1130 1800
1135-1205 1800
1210-1240 1800
1245-1315 1800
1320-1350 1800
TABLE 2.5
FUGUTIVE EMISSIONS OBSER
2 EOF, INLAND STEEL
5-16-80
Accumulated Emission
Time (sec.)
Observer 1 Observer 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Emission Frequency
Observer 1 Observer 2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-------
-7-
TABLE 3.0
-------
EPA
Method 9
TABLE 3 .0
NUMERICAL AVERAGE RESULTS
OVERALL
UNOBSCURED
EPA
Method 22
22.5
20.6
Excludes any 6 minute or 30 minute data set with periods of obscured view.
-------
PROJECT: 01-9517-26
REVIEW FORM
Prepared by:
Y.
Sabina Y. Strautman
Project Scientist
Reviewed by:
Rog-gy A. Kniskern
Manager
Emission Measurement Dept.
Approved by:
Peter L. Cashman
Vice President
------- |