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         A PILOT STUDY
               OF
   DRINKING WATER SYSTEMS
               AT
    BUREAU OF RECLAMATION
        DEVELOPMENTS
      WATER SUPPLY DIVISION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
           June 1973

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                         ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  The complete cooperation and assistance of the Bureau of Reclamation was provided at
every  step  during  the study.  The  Kansas, California,  and Nevada  State Health
Departments also contributed to the study. The work of these agencies is acknowledged
with appreciation  for  their efforts.  Thanks also must  go to the local Bureau of
Reclamation  personnel,   park  officials, irrigation  districts, and sanitarians  who
accompanied us during our field surveys and gave freely of their time.
                         EPA-430-9-73-004

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                             CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION   	     3
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS	     7
     Water Quality    	     7
     Facilities and Operation	     7
     Surveillance   	     8
SCOPE OF SYSTEMS STUDIED	    11
EVALUATION CRITERIA       	    19
     Water Quality Criteria	    20
     Facilities Criteria   	    20
     Bacteriological Surveillance Program Criteria    	    20
PROCEDURES   	    23
     Field Survey	    23
     Sampling Program	    23
     Laboratory Procedures    	    24
FINDINGS	    27
     Water Quality    	    27
     Bacteriological Surveillance	    30
     Chemical Surveillance	    31
     Operation and Control    	    31
     Raw Water  Quality	    32
DISCUSSION	    35
     General	    35
     Water Quality and Source    	    35
     Facilities and Operation	    36
     Surveillance   	    37
PARTICIPANTS	    41
APPENDICES    	    45
     A.   Environmental Protection Agency Drinking Water	    45
          Standards 1973 Revision
     B.   Individual Sanitary Survey Results	    51
                                  m

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                                   TABLES
 1.  Summary of Reservoirs Included in Study   .          	     11
 2.  Summary of Water  System Types        ...      	     12
 3.  Summary of Water Treatment         ...       ...      ....     12
 4.  Criteria for Evaluating Bacteriological, Chemical, and Physical Quality
      of Water Systems Studied  .   .            .       	     19
 5.  Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards
      Limits Not  Met      	     27
 6.  Maximum Concentration Found in Physical and
      Chemical Constituents Failing to Meet Limits for Systems Surveyed   ...     29
 7.  Systems Failing to Meet Limits, by Source        	     29
 8.  Comparison of Well Water Systems in Kansas for
      Those Systems Failing to Meet Constituent Limits  ....      ...     30
 9.  Comparison of Well Water Systems in Kansas for
      Bacteriological Contamination                	     30
10.  Chlorination Practices and Their Effectiveness	     31
11.  Bacteriological Quality of Raw Water at Water Systems
       Surveyed        •            ...       	     32
                                    FIGURES
 1.   Reservoirs Studied in Kansas    .      	     14
 2.   Reservoirs Studied in California.         	     15
 3.   Reservoirs Studied Along the Colorado River    .      	     16
 4.   Number of Systems Failing to Meet Standards    .            	     27
 5.   Systems Failing to Meet a Constituent Limit	     28
                                       IV

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                                INTRODUCTION
  While the quality of the water delivered in the cities and towns to the citizens of the
United  States has received increasing attention in the last couple of years, very  little
information has been gathered concerning the quality of drinking water  available to the
public using water systems constructed at Federal facilities. This study is the second in a
series on these water  systems, the first of  which concerned water  systems serving
recreational facilities operated by the Corps of Engineers.'
  The  purpose of  this  pilot  study  is  to  assess  the  water  quality,  construction,
maintenance, operation, and surveillance of water systems around Bureau of Reclamation
reservoirs. The  findings of this report will hopefully focus more attention on  these facets
of water systems to help improve the overall health protection of the public.
  The problem  of waterborne disease outbreaks was addressed  in a paper presented by
Gunther Craun and Leland McCabe.2 In this paper they reported that "the size of
outbreaks in" nonmunicipal water "systems increased to 93 illnesses per outbreak during
1966-1970 t(the last 4 years of the reporting period), primarily due to a number of large
outbreaks associated with recreational areas." The significance of this study  can be seen
in the  fact that people using recreation  facilities at  Bureau  of Reclamation projects
number more than 55 million per year.
  The  Bureau of Reclamation  and the  State  and local health departments  having
jurisdiction over the water  supplies cooperated with the Water  Supply  Division of the
Environmental  Protection Agency to conduct a pilot study of 58 water  systems around
26 Bureau of Reclamation reservoirs. These reservoirs represent  a use of more than 12.3
million  visitor-days per year. This report is based on field investigations that took place in
October and November 1971.
  1 "Sanitary Survey of Drinking Water Systems on Federal Water Resource Developments, A Pilot
Study." Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 50 pp. (1971).
  2Craun, G.F., and McCabe, L.J., 1971. Review of the Causes of Waterborne  Disease Outbreaks.
American Water Works Association Annual Meeting, June 1971, Denver, Colorado.

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                           SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
   This pilot survey included  58 drinking water supply
systems at 26  Bureau of Reclamation reservoirs. The
field  work, completed in October  and November  of
1971, was divided between flood control and irrigation
reservoirs in Kansas,  and  California,  and  along  the
Colorado River.  At  each  water  system  surveyed,
bacteriological  samples of the  distribution-system water
were  collected; also a bacteriological sample of the raw
water was taken if the water was treated in any way.
One   bacteriological  sample  was  collected  at   all
hand-pumped wells. Samples of the  water  were also
taken for a complete chemical and physical analysis, and
chlorine residuals were measured at each sampling point.
The distribution system pressure was also determined.
   The findings  of the  study  indicate  that  33 (57
percent) of the systems delivered water that violated one
or  more  constituent limits  of the  Drinking Water
Standards; 14 systems (24 percent) did not meet at least
one  mandatory chemical or  bacteriological  limit; and
seven of  the systems  (12 percent) were contaminated
with  coliform bacteria. The contaminated systems either
did not practice disinfection or did not properly operate
the   disinfection equipment  available. Only four  (7
percent)  of  the  systems practiced  a bacteriological
surveillance program that met the criteria in  the Public
Health Service Drinking Water  Standards.
   In  order to  rectify the problems highlighted by this
study, the  following  general  recommendations  are
offered:
   1.   The State and county governmental agencies are
primarily  responsible for the  surveillance  of the  water
systems. These agencies should devote a higher priority
to initiating and maintaining an acceptable program of
bacteriological  and  chemical surveillance and  to
providing regular sanitary surveys of the water systems.
The cost  of an adequate surveillance program, which
would typically include a complete chemical analysis of
the water every third year,  two bacteriological samples
per  month,  and  one  sanitary  survey  each  year,
approaches $200 per system. This  is the amount that
State  and county  agencies  should  be  spending  in
professional  time,  expenses,  and laboratory costs  to
provide the needed surveillance.
    1.  The Bureau of  Reclamation should maintain
closer control  of  the  water systems  around  their
reservoirs. An identifiable organizational unit or specific
positions in an existing office should be established at
the regional  office  level, headquarters level, and  the
Bureau of  Reclamation's Engineering and  Research
Center  in  Denver,  Colo.,  with  well  defined
responsibilities  for water  systems  adjacent  to  the
reservoirs. This group  of personnel would control  the
centralized  approval of construction  plans  for new
systems, including water systems to be built by others,
and should  provide for the monitoring and operational
review  of all systems on Reclamation projects.  Where
water  quality problems are indicated, the Bureau  of
Reclamation should promote the use of a better source
of water and/or provision for additional treatment. The
Bureau  should make sure that those people responsible
for the  operation and maintenance of the water systems
have  the  appropriate  training  to execute their
responsibilities.
    The specific  findings and recommendations of the
study are:

Water Quality
    1.    Thirty-three (57  percent)  of  the  systems
delivered water  that  failed to  meet  some  physical,
chemical, or  bacteriological constituent  limit  of  the
Drinking Water Standards. Thirty  systems (52 percent)
failed  to meet at least one recommended limit,  and six
(10 percent)  failed  to meet at least  one mandatory
chemical limit.  The  water  from  10  reservoirs  where
water is withdrawn for drinking purposes was analyzed
for  12  specific chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides.
None of these insecticides was detected in any of the
water  supplies.   The  six  systems  failing  mandatory
chemical limits also failed to meet the constituent limits
for selenium.  One system failed to meet the chromium
limit. Those systems failing mandatory chemical limits
should be provided with proper treatment equipment to
produce water meeting the Drinking Water Standards, or
another raw water source should be found.
   1.    Bacteriological  analysis  of  the  distribution
system  water showed that four  (16 percent)  of the
systems  using ground water and three (11 percent)  of
the  systems using  surface  water  were  contaminated.
Where   contamination  was  found,  the appropriate
authorities  were  notified  immediately.  To  prevent
bacteriological contamination  of the source, improved
source protection is necessary. Disinfection should be a
mandatory  requirement  for all systems  using surface
water.  Other treatment should be employed as necessary
to ensure that the turbidity level does not fail to meet
the limit established in the Drinking Water Standards.
Disinfection should be a mandatory requirement for all
drinking water systems  using  ground  water  unless  a
history  of satisfactory  bacteriolgical sampling and
sanitary surveys has been developed.

Facilities and Operation
   3.  Of the 24 wells studied, four (17 percent) lacked
adequate protection  against surface contamination. The

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protection for four other wells could not be determined
because  of  the absence  of records concerning  their
construction. The source protection of a water system is
vital to the  maintenance of a safe  water supply. More
attention should be given to proper source protection in
well construction.
   4.   Cisterns  should be  replaced by other  water
systems if at all possible because of the many avenues of
contamination  of cistern water.  If the use of cisterns is
continued, the  water should be chlorinated when placed
in the  cistern and daily chlorine  residual determinations
(of water in the cistern) should be taken to assure that a
chlorine residual is maintained.
   5.   Thirty-four  systems (59  percent)  were
chlorinated  to  disinfect the water.  Six (17 percent) of
these systems  did not have  a  chlorine residual in the
distribution  system or  storage tank, and 24 (67 percent)
of the systems did not have a chlorine residual at the
dead ends of the distribution lines. Daily inspection of
the chlorine feed  equipment and daily records of the
chlorine residuals  should  be  maintained.  Chlorine
residuals  should  be  present  at  the  ends  of the
distribution  systems.
    6.   Operation and control were not adequate at 31
(53  percent) of the water systems studied. Treatment
equipment and/or chlorine residuals were not checked
daily  at these  systems.  The  study  shows that while
personnel are available for  water system maintenance,
many  of the  individuals responsible  for the  water
systems  do  not have  a  full knowledge  of what they
should be doing and the reasoning behind these  duties.
The Bureau  of Reclamation should ensure that all
persons responsible for the operation of a water system
on  Bureau  of Reclamation projects are adequately
trained.
Surveillance
    7.   Records of the bacteriological surveillance for
the 12 months  preceding the study were investigated for
each water system. The results of this investigation show
that 54 (93  percent) of the water systems surveyed were
not  sampled with a frequency  meeting the  Drinking
Water  Standards. Records could not be  found  for any
bacteriological testing within the  preceding 12 months at
23 (40 percent) of the water systems studied. Ten water
systems (17  percent)  had  bacteriological samples that
were contaminated with coliform bacteria during at least
1 month in the past year, and eight systems (14 percent)
showed contamination in 2 months or more. There is
great need to expand the sampling procedures.
A  bacteriological sampling program that will meet the
minimum requirements of the Drinking Water Standards
should be required at each system. This program should
be continued at all times the  system is operational. The
results  of the  study showed that surveillance  is not
provided at  many systems during  the winter months,
 even though sportsmen and employees may continue to
 use the water system.
    8.  Chemical surveillance, especially at well systems,
 was very inadequate. The water from all drinking water
 systems should be tested for all chemical constituents
 listed in the Drinking Water Standards before the water
 is made available to the public. Regular chemical analysis
 is recommended for all systems served by a surface water
 source, and periodic chemical analysis is recommended
 for systems  supplied by  wells when there is reason  to
 believe the chemical quality may be deteriorating.
    9.  The  sanitary deficiencies  found  by this study
 could have been identified and corrected with a program
 of  frequent  and  thorough  sanitary surveys by  the
 appropriate  State   or  county  governmental agency.
 Yearly sanitary surveys of and continuing attention to
 each  water  system  should  be  provided. For  water
 systems that are not operated during the winter months,
 the sanitary surveys ideally would be performed when
 the system is placed in operation in the spring. No water
 system  should  be  placed  in  operation  until  two
 satisfactory bacteriological samples have been obtained.

    The preceding  recommendations address problems
 that can be best solved by the Bureau of Reclamation
 and  the State and local  governments.  The  following
 recommendations  relate  to problems that  should be
 considered by appropriate Federal agencies and  others
 having broad water-supply responsibilities and interests.

    1.  The  problems inherent in the operation of small
 water  systems at  recreational areas are  unique.  One
 example is the extreme fluctuation in use  over a period
 of a week. Criteria and standards should be developed
for the construction, operation, and health surveillance
 of small  public drinking water  systems serving
 recreational  areas.  There is a need to  reevaluate the
 bacteriological sampling frequency as required by the
 Drinking Water Standards.

    2.  Chlorination  as  a  means  of disinfection for
 small,  isolated water systems has several problems. The
 feed system  can easily become inoperable, the chlorine
 residual dissipates during periods of low use, and needed
 maintenance  and  daily  inspections  are not  always
 performed. In order to rectify some of the problems in
 disinfection  by  chlorination,  alternative  means of
 disinfection should  be reviewed.

    3.  Since this  project was only a pilot study  that
 involved isolated areas, the  results indicate the need for
 further study. This study should be extended to other
 Federally related small water systems to fully assess the
 ability of these systems  to continuously produce safe
 and esthetically pleasing water.

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                                       SCOPE OF SYSTEMS STUDIED
  The Bureau of Reclamation has 134 projects in the 17
Western States. These projects include 280 storage dams
and 136 diversion dams. Boating, fishing, and swimming
in reservoirs,  and   camping,  hiking,  picnicking, and
sightseeing are provided for, and are considered a part of
the justification for  the  construction of Reclamation
lakes. People using recreation facilities at these  projects
number more than 55 million per year, and the number
is steadily increasing. 1
  This pilot study  covered  26 Bureau of Reclamation
reservoirs and 58 drinking water supply systems at these
reservoirs. A water supply  system as defined by this
study included  the  works and auxiliaries for collection,
treatment, and distribution of water from the sources of
supply to the  free-flowing  outlet of the  distribution
system.
   1 From "Answering Your  Questions About Reclamation,"
Bureau of Reclamation, GPO:1970 0-381-322
                            TABLE 1.—Summary of reservoirs included in study
Reservoir
Kansas:
Glen Elder
Lovewell
Norton
Kirwin
Cedar Bluff
Webster
Total, Kansas
California:
Berryessa
Contra Loma
Stony Gorge
Red Bluff
Folsom
Camp Far West
Merle Collins
Millerton
San Luis
Los Banos
O'Neill
Woollomes
Cachuma
Casitas
Amador
Jenkinson
Total, California
Lower Colorado River:
Mead
Mohave
Havasu
Imperial
Total, Colorado River
Calendar year
completed

1969
1957
1964
1955
1951
1956


1957
1967
1928
1968
1956
1964
1963
1942
1967
1967
1967
1959
1953
1959
1965
1955


1936
1950
1938
1938

Visitor
days (1971)

106,911
154,660
136,232
219,619
153,435
95,242
1,482,044

1,845,570
185,965
Unknown
5,049
2,068,073
Unknown
Unknown
573,754
117,438
21,613
124,406
154,501
996,880
1,367,596
Unknown
235,501
7,696,346

642,951
25,315
1,787,795
668,046
3,124,107
Source of
visitors percent
Local

65
60
60
75
70
75
77

5
90

90
80


80
40
80
60
85
27
25

32
43

10
10
10
28
14
Other

35
40
40
25
30
25
23

95
10

10
20


20
60
20
40
15
73
75

68
57

90
90
90
72
86
       Grand Total
                                                                 12,302,497
                               40
60
  Source:  Data from the Bureau of Reclamation.
                                                     11

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  The study was centered in three geographic areas: (1)
Kansas, (2) California, and (3) the lower Colorado River
(bordering  the   States  of  Nevada, Arizona,  and
California). Table  1 is a summary of those  reservoirs
sampled. Of  the  26 reservoirs, six were in Kansas, 16
in California, and four along the Colorado River.
   As  shown  by  Table 1, the  26  reservoirs  had  a
visitation rate  of  12.3 million  visitor days per year.
Twelve percent of this visitation occurred at the Kansas
reservoirs, 63 percent at the California reservoirs, and 25
percent at the Colorado River reservoirs. The California
and Colorado River reservoirs had the majority of their
visitors from nonlocal sources. Overall, 60 percent of the
visitor-days  (7.4 million  visitor-days) involved in this
study were nonlocal. Therefore, the quality of drinking
water available to visitors can affect a wide cross section
of the  population. The location of each reservoir studied
is shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
                                 TABLE 2.-Summary of water-system types


Area
Kansas
California
Colorado River
Total
Number of systems by type
Surface
water
0
24
4
28
Ground
water
17
6
2
25
Wholesale
finished water
1
4
0
5


Total
18
34
6
58
  Table  2 summarizes the water  systems studied by
three categories: (1) the source of raw water is the lake
or river associated with the dam (surface water); (2) the
raw water comes from a well or spring (ground water);
or (3) wholesale finished water is used in the system. In
the ground water category, only one spring was studied.
Wholesale  finished  water is defined as  water treated at
another  location and piped or hauled  by  truck to the
distribution system. The  source and treatment of this
water is  beyond  the scope  of  this  study  and  no
investigation  of  the  wholesale  water  sources  was
attempted.
  All systems studied  in Kansas had wells as raw water
sources.  The  water  at  Glen  Elder  Reservoir  was
purchased from the city of Glen  Elder and piped to the
reservoir. A total of 18 water systems were studied in
Kansas.
  In  California, 34 water systems were  surveyed, of
which 24 were surface sources and one was a spring. Of
the  four  systems using wholesale finished water,  three
were located at Lake Millerton with "piped-in" water.
The other supply using wholesale finished water was at
Contra Loma where the water is hauled by truck to the
reservoir from the nearby town of Antioch. All systems
along the Colorado River used surface water  for their
water  source  except  for two wells  around  Imperial
Reservoir.
   The water treatment practices of the systems studied
are enumerated in Table 3. Nineteen of the systems (36
percent) provided no treatment for the water, including
one system using surface water as a source. No treatment
other than disinfection was found at any ground water
system.  Seven  (28  percent) of the 25  ground water
systems disinfect their water. Twenty-eight (53 percent)
of the water systems used surface water as a raw water
source.  Of these systems, nine  (32 percent)  provided
only disinfection for the water,  and  18  (65  percent)
provided both disinfection and  clarification  as water
treatment.  In every case, the method of disinfection
used was chlorination, usually with an automatic feeder
                           TABLE 3.-Summary of water treatment of systems surveyed
Treatment
Do not disinfect
or clarify
Disinfection only
Clarificationt and
disinfection
System totals
(by number)
Type of system (number)*
River or
lake water

1
9

18

28
Spring or
well water

18
7

0

25
System totals
Number

19
16

18

53
Percent

36
30

34

100
   Distributors of wholesale water not considered (5 systems).
  t Clarification means coagulation, sedimentation, and/or filtration.
                                                    12

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and either chlorine gas or a hypochlorite solution. One     clarification  at nine  (50  percent)  of  those  systems
supply  at Webster  Reservoir  depended  on  manual     practicing clarification.  The other 50 percent of these
chlorination  (pouring bleach into tanks by hand) to     systems  practiced some form of coagulation. Eighteen
maintain  a  chlorine  residual.  Rapid  sand  filters or     (34 percent) of the water systems  sampled practiced
diatomaceous earth filters were used as the sole form of     both clarification and disinfection.
                                                     13

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    Reservoirs  in Kansas
            Phillipsburg
Norton
       Webster
            Hays
    Cedar Bluff
                         Lovewell
                             Concordia
                        Elder
           Salina
                                Wichita
                                          TopekaI
                                                      Kansas City
      I CITY
    RESERVOIR




Figure 1

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     Reservoirs  in  California
             Redding

             i Red Bluff
Stoney Gorge*
          • Merle Collins

                   I
            Camp Far West
            Folsom  >.
Berryessa     •   0     X
      •   •     Jenkinson
  Sacramento *Amador

      • Contra  Loma
                                      RESERVOIR

                                      CITY
San Francisco
      San Luis & O'Neill,

            Los Banos
                              Woollomes
                                Bakersfield
                 Santa Barbara'
                       Figure 2


                         15

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Reservoirs Along the Colorado River
       Boulder City •;!* Hoover
               Dam
                 MEXICO
                Figure 3


                 16

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             •
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                   f .'
           Evaluation
              Criteria

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                                           EVALUATION CRITERIA
  The  water  systems  evaluated  by  this  study  were
assessed from three different but related approaches:
  1.  A sanitary survey of the source, treatment  and
      distribution facilities, and operation of the systems
      was conducted  by  engineers  from  the Water
      Supply Division of EPA.
2.  Analysis of the water quality  was performed by
    EPA Water Supply Division laboratories.

3.  The  results of the bacteriological surveillance of
    each  system  for  the  12 months  preceding the
    study were evaluated.
      TABLE 4.-Criteria for evaluating bacteriological, chemical, and physical quality of water systems studied
Recommended
Constituent t
Arsenic
Boron
Chloride
Color
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
MBAS
Manganese
Nitrate
Sulfate
Total dissolved solids
Turbidity
Zinc





















Limits*
Limit
0.01
1
250
15
1
0.01
0.3
0.5
0.05
45
250
500
5
5























mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
s.u.
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
s.u.
mg/1





















Mandatory
Constituent J
Arsenic
Boron
Cadmium
Chromium
Coliform organisms















Cyanide
Lead
Mercury §
Selenium
Silver
Aldrin §
Lindane §
Chlordane §
DDT(p,pO §
Dieldrin §
Endrin §
Heptachlor §
Heptachlor-epoxide §
Methoxychlor §
Toxaphene §
Limits*
Limit
0.05
5 mg/1
0.01 mg/1
.05 mg/1
Fails standards in any
one month if:
a. Arithmetic
average of
samples col-
lected greater
than 1 per 100
ml;
b. Two or more
samples (5 per-
cent or more if
more than 20
examined)
contain den-
sities more than
4/1 00 ml.
0.2 mg/1
0.05 mg/1
0.002 mg/1
0.01 mg/1
0.05 mg/1
0.001 mg/1
0.005 mg/1
0.003 mg/1
0.05 mg/1
0.001 mg/1
0.0005 mg/1
0.0001 mg/1
0.0001 mg/1
1.0 mg/1
0.005 mg/1
 * 1962 U.S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.
 tlf the concentration of any of these constituents is exceeded, a more suitable supply should be sought.
 {The  presence of these substances in excess of  the concentrations listed shall constitute grounds for the rejection of the supply;
therefore, their continued presence should be carefully measured and evaluated by health authorities and a decision should be made
regarding corrective measures or discontinuing use of the supply.
 § Proposed for inclusion in the Drinking Water Standards.
                                                        19

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Water Quality Criteria
  The water quality  was judged by the following three
criteria:
  1.  No constituent limit of the PHS Drinking Water
      Standardsi was met.
  2.  At least one "recommended" constituent limit was
      not met, but  no "mandatory"  constituent limit
      was not met.
  3.  At least one "mandatory" constituent limit was
      not met.
  Table 4 lists the constituents for which an analysis was
conducted.  The limits are taken from  the  1962 USPHS
Drinking Water Standards, except for  mercury and the
 12 chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides.  These limits
were  taken  from  a proposed revision  to the  1962
Standards.  Appendix  A  summarizes the  significant
changes that are proposed.

Facilities Criteria
  Source,  treatment, operation,  and  distribution
facilities were judged either:
  1.  To be essentially  free from major deficiencies, or
  2.  To be  deficient  in one  or  more of the following
      (where applicable):
      a.    Source protection
      b.    Control  of disinfection (if practiced or if
           purchasing chlorinated water)
      c.    Control  of  clarification (if  clarification
           practiced)
      d.    Pressure  (20 psi) in the distribution system
Bacteriological-Surveillance Program Criteria

  The  bacteriological-surveillance  program  over the
water  supply  system  was judged  on  the  following
criteria:
  1.   Collection   of  the  required numbers  of
      bacteriological samples during the period of the
      year  the  water  system  is  in  operation.  This
      required  number  is  based  on  the  resident
      population  using  the  water  system with  a
      minimum of two samples per month.
  2.   Meeting the  bacteriological quality  standard as
      stated in the Drinking Water Standards.
 1"1962 USPHS Drinking Water Standards." PHS Publication    	
No. 956,  Superintendent of Documents, U.S.  Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 61 pp. (1962).                 2lbid., pp. 3-6.


                                                     20

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Proce

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                                              PROCEDURES
 Field Survey
  The water systems to be studied were agreed upon in
 meetings with regional and field personnel of the Bureau
 of  Reclamation in McCook,  Nebr., Sacramento, Calif.,
 and Boulder City, Nev. An  effort was made  to select
 States or geographical areas where diverse water systems
 would probably be found. The determination  of which
 systems would be studied in a geographical  area was
 influenced by the time necessary  to transport the water
 samples  to the laboratories. Each system was  given
 advance notice and an explanation of the  survey through
 letters from the  Bureau of  Reclamation or the Water
 Supply Division to a Bureau  of Reclamation contact at
 each  reservoir. Appointments for  the field survey were
 made  from 1 to 4 weeks in advance  of the proposed
 visit.
  The field surveys were  performed by engineers from
 the  regional  and  headquarters   offices  of the  Water
 Supply   Division  of  the Environmental  Protection
 Agency. State and local health officers were invited to
 take  part  in the inspection and  in some cases they  did
 participate. This inspection included a sanitary survey of
 the source, treatment plant,  and  distribution system of
 the  water  system as  well as an examination of  the
 bacteriological records of the system for the year prior
 to  the survey. The results of the sanitary  survey were
 recorded on PHS  and EGA  standard  forms and other
 forms developed especially for use in  this  study. Field
 determinations of the  pH  (using  phenol red indicator),
 pressure, and chlorine residual at chlorinated systems
 (using the  orthotolidine method) were  made at each
 point where a water sample was taken.
  The summary of findings  for  each  water  system is
 shown in  appendix B.  These individual  sheets were
 circulated  to  the appropriate water  systems,  health
 officers,  and  Bureau  of Reclamation  personnel when
 completed.

 Sampling Program
  During the  field study,  the following samples were
 taken at each water system:
 1.    Raw  Water
      Where possible,  one bacteriological  sample  was
      taken of the  raw water before  treatment. This
      sample was omitted if the water in the system  did
      not  undergo any  treatment. In many systems, a
      raw  water sample could not be obtained because
      of the physical arrangement of the  piping system.

2.    Finished Water.
      a. A 1-gallon grab sample was taken  and sent to
   the EPA Northeast Water Supply Laboratory in
   Narragansett, R.I.,  to  be analyzed  for  the
   following:
    Boron              Selenium
    Chloride            Sulfate
    Color              Total dissolved solids
    pH                 Turbidity
b. A 1-quart grab sample was taken and preserved
   by the addition of  1 ml  of a 20,000  ppm
   solution of mercury (2.71grams  HgCl2 per 100
   ml) in the field. The sample was sent to the
   EPA   Laboratory  in   Narragansett,  R.I.,  and
   analyzed  for nitrates  and MBAS (methylene
   blue - active substances).
c. A 1-quart sample was taken and preserved in
   the field by the addition of 1  1/2 ml of 2N
   sodium hydroxide  solution. The  sample was
   sent to the Narragansett, R.I., Laboratory and
   analyzed for the presence of cyanide.
d. A 1-quart sample was taken and preserved in
   the  field  by the addition  of 1  1/4 ml  of
   concentrated nitric acid. The  sample  was sent
   to the Water Supply Laboratory in Cincinnati,
   Ohio,  to  be analyzed for  the presence of the
   following trace metals:
    Arsenic             Lead
    Barium             Manganese
    Cadmium          Mercury
    Chromium          Nickel
    Cobalt             Silver
    Copper             Zinc
    Iron
e. Bacteriological samples were taken at a rate of
   at least 10 percent of the  number required by
   the  Drinking Water Standards  (based  on the
   resident population  served by the system) or
   generally  a minimum of two from any water
   supply. At some supplies, only one sample was
   taken  from the system (i.e., hand pumps).
    These samples were taken at different points
   in the  distribution system, one close  to the
   treatment  plant and  one near the end of the
   distribution line.  They  were taken  from
   hosebibs  in camping  areas,,  restrooms, or
   drinking fountains.  A bacteriological  sample
   was taken only after  flushing for at least 30
   seconds; the  chemical samples were taken after
   the bacteriological samples.
    Bacteriological samples  were  collected  in
   8-ounce  sterile,  plastic,  wide-mouth,
   screw-capped bottles that contained 0.2 ml of a
   10-percent sodium thiosulfate solution. These
                                                    23

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        samples were  refrigerated after collection and
        during transportation to the  Northwest Water
        Supply  Laboratory in Gig Harbor, Wash. The
        time between  collection and the  start of the
        analysis of the samples  did not  exceed  30
        hours.
     f. A 1-gallon  grab sample was taken at 10 of the
        surface  supplies where pesticide contamination
        was most likely to be a problem and sent to the
        Gulf Coast  Water  Supply  Laboratory  at
        Dauphin Island, Ala., for pesticide analysis.
          The  water samples were  analyzed for the
        following chlorinated insecticides:
           Aldrin             Dieldrin
           Lindane           Endrin
           Chlordane         Heptachlor
           DDD              Heptachlor-epoxide
           DDE              Methoxychlor
           DDT (p, pi)       Toxaphene
Laboratory Procedures
  The  bacteriological quality  examination  procedures
used in  this  study were  those  listed in  Standard
Methods, i  The  membrane filter  procedure  was used to
examine  water  samples  for  total  coliforms. The
procedure  involved  using  M-Endo  MF  broth and
incubating at  35°C for 20-24 hours. Coliform colonies
detected were verified  further by transfer to phenol red
lactose  broth  for  24  and 48-hour  periods  at 35°C
incubation. All positive phenol red lactose broth tubes
were then confirmed in brilliant green lactose broth at
35°C for  verification of  total  coliforms and  in  EC
medium at 44.5°C for detection of fecal coliforms.
  A general bacteriological  population  count was also
made on all bacteriological samples. Sample portions of
1   ml   and   0.1  ml  in   plate  count   agar
(Tryptone-Glucose-Yeast Agar) were incubated 48 hours
at 35°C for this examination.
  The  laboratory  procedures  for  the  chemical and
physical  analyses of the  water samples were  those of
Standard Methods, 2 except for the use of a variation of
the  potentiometric titration procedure for the chloride
analysis.  Gas chromatography was used for the pesticide
analysis.

  1 Standard Methods for the Examination  of Water and
Wastewater, 13th ed., (APHA, AWWA, WPCF. American Public
Health Association. New York, N.Y. 769 pp. (1971).
                                                   24

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-

        ^ *  i * -
       findings



                     «.
                   i
                     , ,j

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                                                FINDINGS
 Water Quality
   Thirty-three of the 58 water systems studied did not
 meet one  or more of the  constituent  limits of the
 Drinking Water  Standards. Thirty-one systems failed to
 meet at least one  recommended limit and 14  systems
                                    distributed water  that  failed to  meet  at  least one
                                    mandatory chemical  or  bacteriological  limit.  These
                                    figures are shown in graphic form in Figure 4. Figure 5
                                    shows the relative  numbers of each limit that  was not
                                    met.
                          FIGURE 4.-Number of systems failing to meet standards
 Number of
 water systems
 sampled
60
                  40
                   20













Tntal


of


58


Number of
systems
f 3! line to meet


DWS limits
14












Number of
systems
ailing to meet
recommended
DWS limits
30















Number of
systems

constituent
DWS limits
33















                     TABLE 5.—Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards limits not met
Constituent
Color
Iron
Manganese
Nitrate
Sulfate
TDS
Turbidity
Zinc
Chromium
Coliform organisms
Selenium
Kansas (18)
Number
Percent

2
6
3
3
4
14
4
3
11
33
17
17
22
78
22
17
California (34)
Number
Percent
Colorado River (6)
Number | Percent
Recommended limits not met
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
0
3
3
3
3
6
6
6
0
0
0
0
6
6
1
1
0
0
0
0
100
100
17
17
Mandatory limits not met
1
2
6
6
11
33
0
4
0
0
12
0
0
1
0
0
17
0
  Table 5 is a summary of those limits which were not
met.  The  Drinking  Water Standards limits  for  total
dissolved solids (TDS) and sulfate were not met in all six
systems sampled along the Colorado River. Four of these
six  systems used  water from  the Colorado River as a
                                    water source  while two supplies used wells. These two
                                    wells were at  Imperial Reservoir and are 80 to 100 feet
                                    deep. Water flows into the wells at  various levels and
                                    could  be  lake water. Table 6 shows the  maximum
                                    concentrations for the limits exceeded.
                                                    27

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                                  Figure 5

                  Systems Falling to Meet a Constituent Limit

                       of the Drinking  Water Standards
                                                              I   I Recommended I imit
to
CO
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1 1 3°-
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q> t
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3
C q,
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c E
° o
'e *" 10 -
c O)
• ^
0-
<






385
[22






£
)







195
(11)





R$$^ Mandatory limit
'Q
12% 12% 12%
(7) (7) (7) 10% 10%
|H (6) (6) 7% /%
Hi ^H ^ ^ 3^ 2F
W ^ (2) . *
mm ^
                        3
                        to
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-------
      TABLE 6.-Maximum concentration found
 in physical and chemical constituents failing to meet
             limits for systems surveyed
        Constituent
 Chromium
 Color
 Iron
 Manganese
 Nitrate
 Selenium
 Sulfate
 Total dissolved solids
 Turbidity
 Zinc
                                 Concentration
 0.067 mg/1
   100 s.u.
   5.53 mg/1
   1.3  mg/1
   82.9 mg/1
 0.041 mg/1
   575 mg/1
1,775.5 mg/1
   195 s.u.
   18.3 mg/1
  The  water systems  in  Kansas proved  to  have the
highest  rate  for  not  meeting  the Drinking  Water
Standards. Fourteen (78 percent) of these systems failed
to  meet the  TDS  standard.  High  levels  of  iron,
manganese,  turbidity,  sulfate,  and  nitrate  were  also
found  in these systems producing objectionable water.
Six (33 percent) of the wells in Kansas produced water
that failed to meet the mandatory limit for selenium.
The maximum  concentration found in physical  and
chemical  constituents  failing to  meet  the limits  is
presented in Table 6.
  Table  7  shows  those systems failing to  meet  the
Drinking Water Standards as a function of source. Most
of the  systems failing  to meet Drinking Water Standards
limits depended on ground water. Most of the problems
with the surface water came from  systems  using the
Colorado River, due  to its  mineral content. Four (17
percent) of the systems using wells as a raw water source
were bacteriologically contaminated, while three  (11
percent) of the systems using  surface water  showed
coliform contamination. The system using spring water
and those systems using wholesale finished water were
free from coliform contamination.
  Three of the water  systems used cisterns filled with
water  treated  elsewhere and delivered by  truck to a
storage  tank. Gross bacteriological  contamination  was
found in one of these cisterns.
            TABLE 7.—Water systems surveyed failing to meet drinking water standards limits, by source
Constituent
Color
Iron
Manganese
Nitrate
Sulfate
Total dissolved
solids
Turbidity
Zinc
Chromium
Coliform organisms
Selenium
Well (24)
Number
Percent
Spring (1)
Number
Percent
Surface (28)
Number
Percent
Wholesale finished
water (5)
Number
Percent
Recommended limits
2
7
3
3
6

17
6
4
8
29
13
13
25

71
25
17
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
100
0
1
1
0
5

5
1
1
0
4
4
0
18

18
4
4
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

20
0
0
Mandatory limits
1
4
5
4
17
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
11
0
0
0
1
0
0
20
  Table 8 compares  water systems in Kansas that take
water from similar types of aquifers. There were more
systems failing to meet the constituent limits for color,
iron, and turbidity in those systems where hand pumps
are used rather than power pumps. There  were  also
fewer hand-pumped  systems  failing  to  meet the TDS
standard. The bacteriological quality  was essentially the
same for these types of systems.
                         A  high standard plate count  in this study  was
                      considered to be  anything  over  1,000  organisms/ml.
                      Laboratory results show that  27 (47 percent) of the
                      systems studied had  a high standard plate count in the
                      distribution  system.  Many of  these were quite  high,
                      exceeding 10,000 organisms/ml.
                        Table 9 compares  the disinfection practices  of those
                      systems in which large bacterial populations were found.
                                                    29

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   TABLE 8.-Comparison of well water systems in Kansas for those systems failing to meet constituent limits
Constituent
Color
Iron
Manganese
Nitrate
Sulfate
Total dissolved solids
Turbidity
Zinc
Chromium
Coliform Organisms
Selenium
Power-pumped wells (10)
Number
Percent
Hand-pumped wells (7)
Number
Percent
Recommended limits
0
2
2
1
2
10
0
1
0
20
20
10
20
100
0
10
2
5
1
1
2
4
4
2
29
71
14
14
29
57
57
29
Mandatory limits ,
0
1
4
0
10
40
1
1
1
14
14
14
   TABLE 9.—Comparison of disinfection practices and bacteriological contamination at water systems surveyed
Number of Systems

7 systems
with coliform
contamination
28 systems
with high
standard
plate count
No chlorination
practiced
Number
4

13

Percent
57

46

Chlorination practiced
Number
3

15

Percent
43

54

Chlorination practiced,
no residual found
Number
3

12

Percent
100

80

Chlorination practiced,
residual found
Number
0

3

Percent
0

20

Thirteen (46  percent),  of those systems with a high
standard plate count  did not  practice any  type of
disinfection. Of the 15  (54 percent)  that did practice
disinfection  (chlorination in all cases)  12 (80  percent)
did not show a detectable chlorine residual on the day of
the field survey. For those systems contaminated with
coliform bacteria, four (57  percent) did not disinfect in
any way. Of those systems which chlorinated, none had
a detectable chlorine residual in the distribution system
at the time of the field survey.
  Water samples were collected  from 10 reservoirs for
chlorinated  insecticide  analysis.  Water was withdrawn
from each of these reservoirs for drinking water. The 10
reservoirs from which these water samples were taken
are:
      1.    Lake Berryessa
      2.    Lake Amador
      3.    Lake Folsom
      4.    Lake Jenkinson
      5.    Lake Casitas
      6.    Lake San Luis
      7.    Lake Havasu
      8.    Lake Imperial
      9.    Lake Cachuma
     10.    Lake Mead
None of the 12 chlorinated insecticides for which tests
were  made were found in the water from any of these
reservoirs.

Bacteriological SurveUlance
  Since bacteriological samples collected at the time of
the field  survey  can  only give  an indication  of the
quality  of water at a given time and not a complete
picture of water quality over a period of time, an effort
was  made  to  gather the records  of  bacteriological
examinations made in the 12 months before the field
survey. Records of tests made by the State and county
health  departments,   and  sometimes  by private
laboratories,  were  examined, and the  bacteriological
quality  and  the  number of  bacteriological samples
                                                    30

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collected each month from the distribution system were
recorded.
  Although the bacteriological surveillance varied widely
from 0 to 32 samples per month,  it generally did not
meet the  Drinking Water Standards. In fact, only four
systems (7 percent) were sampled frequently enough to
meet the Drinking Water Standards.
  The eight systems studied at Lake Berryessa in Napa
County,  Calif.,  have the   two samples  per  month
minimum required by the Drinking Water Standards, but
this frequency generally was  maintained only during the
summer  months  (June-September)  with  infrequent
sampling  the  remainder of the  year.  The  required
number of samples were taken at  Boulder  City, Nev.,
and at San Luis, Cachuma, and Casitas, Calif. The Kansas
State Health Department collects a maximum  of one
water sample per  month for bacteriological tests while
the  pressure systems  are  operational in the  summer.
However, samples were  skipped during  many months.
No surveillance was maintained in Kansas on  the hand
pumped wells or on those systems built and operated by
concessions.  All  other water  systems studied  in  this
survey had only sporadic bacteriological surveillance.
   Overall,  records  could  not  be  found  for   any
bacteriological testing within the preceding 12 months at
23, (40 percent) of the water systems studied. Of the 35
systems for which some  records were  available, 10 (28
percent) showed coliform contamination  during at least
1  month  in the past  year.  Eight  systems  showed
contamination  in  2  months  or more.  These  figures
become even more significant with the realization that
many  of  these  systems  take  only two or  three
bacteriological  samples  per  year.  These  10  systems
represent  the minimum number that would fail to meet
the  Drinking Water Standards. If the water quality was
accurately determined (i.e., the required  number of
bacteriological samples were taken), there  might be more
systems violating the Drinking Water Standards.

Chemical Surveillance
  Chemical surveillance generally is not maintained on
any  of the drinking water systems that were examined.
The   Bureau  of  Reclamation  does routinely  require
chemical analysis of the  water in its reservoirs.  In this
way, an indirect check of chemical constituents in those
water systems using reservoir water is maintained. This
chemical analysis however, does not  include all of the
constituents in the Drinking Water Standards.

Operation and Control
  Adequate operation and control, as defined  in  this
study,  means  that  the  operator  maintains daily
surveillance  of all  aspects of  his  water  system. This
surveillance includes, in the case of chlorination, daily
checks on chlorine  residuals in the distribution system.
Sand filters should be checked to see that  they  are
operating  properly  and  whether  backwashing  is
necessary. Fifty-five (95 percent) of the water systems
studied were under  the direct control  of local personnel
and did not buy wholesale finished water. Of these, only
26 (47 percent) had good operation and control.
   Records of the  chlorine  residuals taken  each day
should be maintained and the records of past chemical,
physical, and bacteriological examinations and sanitary
surveys should be retained. Twenty-nine of the systems
studied  did keep  records of past performance. One of
the systems that  practiced some form of clarification
had high turbidity in the finished water. The Diamond
Springs Main system  at  Jenkinson  Reservoir  had
turbidity of 3.6  s.u. (standard units) on the day of the
field  inspection, indicating  a  failure  of the
coagulation-sedimentation  treatment process being
practiced. All of the other  systems that practiced some
form of clarification had acceptable turbidity levels in
the distribution system.
   As previously stated, 34 systems practice chlorination
to disinfect the water. Table 10 presents a breakdown of
which types of systems chlorinate  and how  well they
maintain a chlorine residual. Twenty-two (79 percent) of
those systems  which chlorinate use surface water.  Six,
(17 percent) of the  systems which  chlorinated did not
have a chlorine  residual in the distribution system or
storage tank at the time of the survey, indicating a major
failure  in the chlorination process.  Twenty-four (67
percent)  of the  systems did not  maintain a chlorine
residual at the ends of the distribution lines.
  An investigation of source  protection was attempted
at all the  systems studied.  All of the surface water
sources  were  adequately  protected.   No   information
               TABLE lO.-Chlorination practices and their effectiveness at water systems surveyed
Source
Surface water
Ground water
Total
Number of
supplies that
chlorinate
28
8
36
Systems with chlorine
residual found in
storage tank
Number
22
8
30
Percent of those which
chlorinate
79
100
83
Systems with chlorine
residual found in
distribution system
Number
7
5
12
Percent of those which
chlorinate
28
63
33
                                                     31

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could be obtained concerning the well construction for
four  of the  wells  studied.  Four  other  wells  were
considered  not  to  have adequate  protection, one  in
Kansas and three in California. The deficiencies generally
were related to  the absence of a sanitary well seal (i.e.,
there  was usually an  open casing). The remainder of the
wells had good protection.
  Adequate  pressure  (greater than  20  psi) in  the
distribution   systems of  the  water  systems was
maintained in  every  case. Generally, elevated  tanks
and/or  pressure tanks  were employed to  sustain the
required pressure.
Raw Water Quality
  Table 11 provides a summary of the raw water quality
found. Water systems for which  raw water data were
unavailable  or from which a  raw water  sample  for
bacteriological  analysis  could  not  be  taken are not
included in  this   table.  The  figures  show  that the
bacteriological  quality, of  water  obtained  from
groundwater  sources  is far better than that of surface
water sources in  the  total coliform and fecal coliform
categories.  The standard plate count was essentially the
same  for ground  and surface water with surface water
having a slight edge  in quality.
                   TABLE 11.—Bacteriological quality of raw water at water systems surveyed
                                                Total coliform
Density
< 1/100 ml
1/100 ml- 4/100 ml
5/100 ml -10/100 ml
11/100 ml -50/100 ml
> 50/1 00 ml
Ground water (12)
83%
0
0
0
17
Surface water (20)
25%
35
10
20
10
                                                Fecal coliform
< 1/100 ml
1/100 ml- 4/100 ml
5/100 ml -10/100 ml
11/100 ml -50/100 ml
> 50/1 00 ml
92%
8
0
0
0
45%
45
0
5
5
                                             Standard plate count
< 1 ml -100 ml
101 ml -500 ml
501 ml -1,000 ml
1,001 ml -10,000 ml
> 10,000 ml
0%
17
8
25
50
20%
30
30
15
5
                                                     32

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                                                DISCUSSION
General
  The efforts of the Bureau of Reclamation to provide
recreational  facilities  at its  reservoirs  can  only  be
applauded. The  fact that these reservoirs are visited by
55 million people a year is prima facie evidence that the
public  accepts these  recreational opportunities and  is
willing to  make use of them. The public assumes and
rightly expects that the drinking water made available to
them is  safe for consumption and will be esthetically
pleasing. The recommendations  included  in this report
are presented with these objectives in mind.
  One of the problems is in applying established criteria
and  standards for municipal systems  to the small types
of water  systems  found in  this  study.  These  small
systems have water  demands that vary to a large degree
during the week. Also, due to economic considerations,
small systems have a  difficult time  providing the full
water  treatment that  large water  systems  routinely
employ.  Criteria and standards should be developed for
the construction and operation of small public drinking
water systems serving recreational areas.
  This project  was a pilot  study  involving a small
number  of systems in isolated  geographic areas. The
study illuminated enough health hazards to cast doubt
on  the  ability  of these  small  systems  as  presently
operated to continuously produce water that is both safe
and esthetically pleasing. The study should, therefore, be
extended to  other Federally related small water supplies
to fully  assess the ability of these systems to produce
this type of water.

Water Quality and Source
  Since 57 percent of the water  systems failed to  meet
some constituent limit of the Drinking Water Standards,
this  study  shows  that  there  is a  general  need for
improvement in water quality for the supplies studied.
This need for improvement is not as critical  for those
supplies  which  failed  to  meet only  recommended
standards as it  is  for  those  which failed to  meet the
mandatory limits, but  improvement is important for all
these systems.
  At the time of the field survey, four (17 percent) of
the well water  systems  and three (11  percent) of the
systems using surface water as a  raw  water source were
contaminated with  coliform bacteria. The meaning of
these statistics in relation to the facilities and operation
of each system and the surveillance of each system will
be discussed later. Immediate steps should be taken to
determine the source of contamination and to separate
this source from the  water  supply. Disinfection of the
water may need to  be instituted. Check samples should
be taken until the water supply can be guaranteed to be
safe.
  All systems that used finished water bought wholesale
from  municipal  systems  were   free  from  coliform
contamination. This is  in  general agreement  with the
findings of the community water supply study,1  which
show that water produced by larger systems is generally
of higher quality than that produced by smaller systems.
In this  study  of Bureau of Reclamation-related water
systems, only  one other constituent limit was not met
by a system using wholesale finished water.
  Twenty-seven  (47  percent)  of the water  systems
studied  evidenced  a  high  standard  plate  count. The
standard plate count is another parameter  that reflects
on  the  quality of the  water system.  Although a high
standard plate  count  does not  usually have a  direct
health significance, it does relate  to the quality control
of  water  treatment  processes  and  sanitation  of
distribution  line sections and storage tanks. The results
of  recent  research  also  suggest  that the inhibitory
influence  of various  organisms may  be an important
factor that could  suppress the detection of the coliform
group.
  The standard plate  count of the raw water examined
in this  study  was higher for the water systems using
ground water than for the systems using surface water as
a raw water source. The  reason for  this unexpected
variance is not clear at this time.
  Two mandatory chemical limits were not met  in the
study, chromium  and selenium. The chromium limit was
not met in  only  one  water system,  a hand  pump at
Norton  Reservoir  in Kansas. The cause of this problem is
not known. The system should be resampled to provide
more information.
  The standard for selenium was surpassed for  one-third
of the systems in  Kansas, indicating the probability of
high concentrations of selenium in all the aquifers in the
area.  Selenium cannot  be  easily removed  by  known
water treatment  methods. There  are  rather expensive
methods available, such as reverse osmosis;but these are
not  now  practical  for  small water systems. New raw
water sources should  be developed.  The  water from
other wells in this area  is also  likely to contain high
concentrations of  selenium, so  the use of the water in
the existing reservoir with proper treatment (disinfection
and clarification)  may be needed, despite the difficulties
and  costs  inherent  in  developing and  maintaining a
surface supply for a small system.

  JMcCabe, L. J., Symons, J. M.,  Lee, R. D., Robeck, G. G.,
 "Survey of Community  Water  Supply  Systems,"  Journal
 American Water Works Association
                                                     35

-------
  The results of this study show that 31 (53  percent)
systems produced  water that did not meet at least one
recommended limit  of the Drinking Water  Standards.
These  recommended  limits are primarily  esthetic in
nature and are divided  into  chemical  and  physical
characteristics.  They  relate  to materials that impart
objectionable taste, appearance, and odor to the water,
and are important because a consumer may reject a safe
water supply if its taste or appearance is unsatisfactory
to him. Therefore, these limits should not be exceeded
when  a  more  suitable  water source  can  be  made
available.
  Of the  seven water systems that did not meet the
5 s.u. limit for turbidity, six obtained their water from
wells and one used  a  lake for  a source. None of these
systems provided any form of clarification. A high level
of turbidity is  not acceptable  for esthetic reasons; this
condition  can  also  interfere  with  the disinfection
process. The presence  of high turbidity can be classified
as a possible health hazard. It suggests  a poor quality
source or  construction  and either poor operation or
inadequate treatment. For these reasons, consideration is
now being given to  lowering the turbidity limit  in the
revised  Drinking  Water Standards  from 5  to  1  s.u.
Nineteen  (33 percent) of  the systems  studied  had a
turbidity in excess of 1 s.u.
  The other recommended limits exceeded with greatest
frequency were total dissolved solids (TDS), sulfate, and
iron. "Recommended  limit" means that water supplies
containing high levels  of these materials should not be
used  if other  more  suitable  supplies  can be  made
available.  These  limits were   not  met  principally in
Kansas where all  the  systems  studied were  wells.  The
level of sulfates and TDS were also quite high in those
systems along the  Colorado River.  The water for these
systems is taken either directly from the river or from a
well very close to the river.

Facilities and Operation
  The  cisterns  used  for  drinking water systems have
presented  many problems in the past, as found in the
Corps  of  Engineers study. One of the  three cisterns
found  in  this study was grossly contaminated.  When
water is transported by truck,  there are many avenues
available  for contamination of the  supply.  If  at  all
possible,  another  water system should be developed. If
the use of cisterns is continued,  the water should be
adequately chlorinated when placed in the cistern. Also,
daily  chlorine residual determinations of water in the
cistern should be made to assure that the water retains
its chlorine residual.
  One  of  the major problems  noted in  this  study was
with disinfection. For those systems contaminated with
coliform bacteria, four (57 percent) did not disinfect in
any  way.  All  disinfection  that   was  practiced  was
chlorination. Of those systems which chlorinated, 12 (80
percent)  had  no  detectable  chlorine residual in the
distribution system on  the  day of the survey. None of
those  systems with coliform  contamination carried a
detectable  chlorine residual on the  day of the study.
These  results are similar to  those found in the study of
drinking water supplies around  Corps of  Engineers
reservoirs.
  Chlorination  of a   water  system  involves  several
operating  problems.  Quite often  the  chlorine  feed
system  becomes  clogged   or the chlorinator  is
inadvertently turned off. Some consumers also complain
about the taste and odor of chlorinated water. The fact
that a  chlorinator has been  placed in the water system
does not guarantee a safe supply. If chlorinators are used
for disinfection, daily inspections of the feed equipment
and  determinations of  the  chlorine  residuals  must  be
conducted.
  Another  problem faced by many small systems is that
during periods of low  water use, the chlorine residual
disappears  in the distribution system and sometimes in
the storage tank. In order to help  rectify some of these
problems,  alternative  means of disinfection should  be
reviewed.
  A problem  with operation  and control, except  for
chlorination practices,  was  with  clarification. As was
discussed in the preceding  section, a turbidity unit  of
1  s.u. has  been proposed  for inclusion  in  the 1973
Drinking Water Standards.  In  addition, any  properly
operated clarification   process  should  easily  produce
water  within this  1 s.u. limit.  The finished water from
one water  system practicing clarification exceeded this
limit. The  turbidity level of the distributed water should
be  checked  daily  on  water  systems  that  practice
clarification.
  All of the foregoing  operational problems emphasize
the necessity for some type of operator  training. Most of
the individuals responsible for the  water systems do not
have a full knowledge of what they should be doing and
the reasoning  behind these  duties.  A  short course  or
booklet should be developed that would explain why the
required maintenance  and surveillance practices  are
important.
  The  Bureau' of Reclamation should maintain closer
control of  the water systems around their reservoirs. An
identifiable organizational unit or specific positions in an
existing  office should  be  established  at  the regional
office  level, headquarters  level,  and  the Bureau  of
Reclamation's  Engineering  and  Research  Center  in
Denver,  Colo., with well  defined  responsibilities  for
water  systems  adjacent to the  reservoirs. This group of
positions would control the  centralized approval  of
construction plans for new systems,  including  water
systems  to be built by others, and should provide for the
monitoring and  operational review  of all systems  on
Reclamation projects. Where water quality problems  are
indicated,  the Bureau  of  Reclamation should  seek a
better  source of  water  and/or  provide  additional
                                                     36

-------
treatment.  The  Bureau  should make sure that those
people responsible for the operation and maintenance of
the water  systems  have the  appropriate  training  to
execute their responsiblities. The State and local health
departments  are also  essential  in this  process  of
disseminating information and their activities in this area
need to be expanded.

Surveillance
  The Environmental Protection Agency requires that all
water systems approved for  use on  interstate carriers
meet  the  criteria  specified  in   the  Drinking  Water
Standards.  This  provision is  for  the  protection of the
traveling public. If these standards were applied to the
water systems in this study, only 7 percent would  be
approved for use with respect to bacteriological sampling
frequency.  There is a great need for the initiation of a
bacteriological sampling program at these systems.
  Napa County, Calif.,  has a good sampling program
during the warm summer months and the larger supplies
in Kansas have a periodic sampling system (usually once
a month) during the warm  months. These  should  be
expanded to include the entire time that the systems are
operational.  Surveillance  is important  for even  the
smallest hand pump because the consumer will assume
that the  water is safe if it is available. Any system can
become contaminated at any time.
  Chemical surveillance is  generally not practiced, the
only exception being the periodic testing of the reservoir
water by the  Bureau of Reclamation. Well water should
be tested at least once for all chemical constituents listed
in the Drinking Water Standards before the water is
made available  to  the public. More frequent chemical
analysis is  recommended for all systems  served by  a
surface water source, and periodic chemical  analysis is
recommended for systems supplied by wells when there
is reason  to believe  the  chemical quality may be
deteriorating.
                                                    37

-------

Participants
      9

-------
                            PARTICIPANTS
  The following persons and/or agencies contributed to the successful completion of this
pilot study:

     PROJECT DIRECTOR
     Curtis F. Fehn

     PROJECT ADVISORS
     Frank A. Bell, Jr.
     Thomas N. Hushower

     PROJECT CONSULTANT
     John A. Cofrancesco

     FIELD EVALUATION
     Keith A. Boyd
     Frank A. Bell, Jr.
     Gale A. Wright
     Curtis F. Fehn

     LABORATORY SUPPORT
     National Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
     Northwest Water Research Laboratory
     Northeast Water Research Laboratory
     Gulf Coast Water Research Laboratory

     REPORT PREPARATION
     Curtis F. Fehn
     Linda Vennemann
     Brenda Farmer
                                    41

-------
Appendices

-------
                        APPENDIX A
             ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                 DRINKING WATER STANDARDS
                      1973 Revision
     The 1962 Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards
are currently under revision by the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).  The responsibility for establishment of
standards for potable water was transferred to the EPA under
the authority of the Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3
in 1970.   Recommended revisions to the 1962 Standards were
completed in December 1971 by a technical committee of Fed-
eral experts under the sponsorship of the EPA.  Their recom-
mendations are currently under review by an advisory committee
composed of representatives of public and private organizations
concerned with the problems of public health protection for
drinking water supplies.
     The Technical Committee recommended the following changes
to the 1962 Standards:

BACTERIOLOGICAL SAMPLE SIZE

     Coli form - Standard sample for membrane filter technique
raised from 50 ml  to 100 ml.
                             45

-------
DEFINITIONS
    To change the designated maximum allowable limits from
"Recommended Concentration" to "Approval Limit (Esthetics)"
and "Mandatory Concentration" to "Approval Limit (Health)".

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL APPROVAL LIMITS
                               1962
1973
Item
Turbidity, T.U.
Threshold odor number
Arsenic, mg/1
Organics-Carbon Adsorbable, mg/1
carbon chloroform extractable
carbon alcholhol extractable
Phenols, mg/1
T.D.S., mg/1
Mercury, mg/1
Sodium, mg/1
Mandatory Recommended Health Esthetic
i

0.05






5
3
0.01

0.2
0.001
500


ll/

0.1

3'


0.005^
27<£/

2I/

I





                            46

-------
I/  The Advisory Committee recommended restricting the 1
    turbidity unit limit to the point where the water enters
    the distribution system.
2_l  The Advisory Committee recommended the threshold odor
    number remain 3.
3/  Determination by using an improved miniaturized sampler
    and extraction technique.
4/  The Advisory Committee recommended lowering the maximum
    allowable limit to .002 mg/1.
5/  The Technical Committee recommended 270 mg/1 as a "health"
    limit—with special provision for notifications at the
    20 mg/1 level.   The Advisory Committee recommended the
    elimination of sodium as a designated limit but the inclu-
    sion of the words and warnings prepared by the Technical
    Committee.
                              47

-------
      PESTICIDE -  HERBICIDE APPROVAL LIMITS  (HEALTH)-l973

      (These compounds  were not included  in  the  1962 Standards)



                Item                                 Concentration

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides                       mg/1

   Aldrin                                                0.001
   Chlordane                                             0.003
   DDT                                                   0.05
   Dieldrin                                              0.001
   Endrin                                                0.0005
   Heptachlor                                            0.0001
   Heptachlor epoxide                                    0.0001
   Lindane                                               0.005
   Methoxychlor                                          1 .0
   Toxaphene                                             0.005

Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides,  total   0.1 (parathion
                                                         equi valent)

Chlorophenoxy Herbicides:

   2,4-D  r-,                                             0.02
   2,4,5-T-'                                             0.002
   2,4,5-TP (Silvex)                                     0.03
   RADIOLOGICAL APPROVAL  LIMITS (HEALTH)


   Activity  (pCi/1)      1962                        1973

Alpha

   Gross                                              0.5
                                       (5 when Ra  226 is less than 0.5)
   Radium 226              3                          0.5
Beta
   Gross                1000 in                       5
                     absence of
                     Strontium 90      (50 plus Potassium 40
                                         when Sr 90 is less than  5)
   Strontium 90           10                     5
6/ The Advisory Committee has recommended the deletion  of 2,4,5-T from the
   Standards because of recent restrictions imposed on  its use  in this
   country.

                                   48

-------
    Further research is needed to expand present information
before standards can be developed for (1) emergency situa-
tions, (2) the direct use of wastewaters as drinking water
sources,  and (3) hazardous materials such as nickel, tin,
vanadium, lithium, boron, beryllium, antimony, molybdenum,
uranyl ion, viruses, hormones, adhesives, coatings, solvents,
asbestos, and carcinogenic and/or teratogenic organic com-
pounds.   The Technical  Committee also recognized the need for
standards for new synthetic organic compounds that may be
introduced into the environment in substantial amounts, such
as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB), and considered the inclusion of a value for tritium.
Standards for these three materials were discussed by the
Technical Committee, but were deferred until more definitive
toxicological information becomes available.
                             49

-------
     APPENDIX  B






INDIVIDUAL SANITARY




  SURVEY RESULTS
            51

-------
The individual  sanitary survey results on the succeeding pages
were produced for each supply studied and copies were sent to
the individuals involved with each supply.  In the few cases where
not all  of the chemical results are listed, the data was not
available from the laboratory.
                                   52

-------
                      REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF  RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE            KANSAS                        SOURCE   »el1
NAME OF AREA     Cedar Bluff                   PUMP     Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY   North Side Pressure  System    STORAGE  Ground level tank
PATE OF SURVEY   10-7-71
TREATMENT        Chlorlnatlon

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE    None in the past year.

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY         High Standard Plate  Count
                                                                                                                    REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                             STATE            KANSAS                        SOURCE   Well
                                                                                             NAME OF  AREA    Cedar Bluff                    PUMP     Submersible
                                                                                             NAME OF  SUPPLY  Headquarters  System
                                                                                             DATE OF  SURVEY  10-7-71
                                                                                             TREATMENT       None
                                              PUMP
                                              STORAGE  Pressure Tank
                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   Two samples taken in the past year

                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        Good
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED      None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Total Dissolved Solids,  Manganese

OPERATION, CONTROL £• SANITARY DEFECTS

  1,  The chlorine residual  should be checked daily.
  2.  On the day of the survey,  a chlorine residual was found in  the storage  tank
  but not in the distribution  system.
COMMENTS

  Bacteriological samples should be  taken as prescribed in the DWS.

  A chlorine residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should  be maintained at all times
   in the  distribution system.
                                                                                              CHEMICAL  QUALITY
                                                                                                   DUS  MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                                                                                                                    None
                                                                                                    DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED Total Dissolved Solids,   Sulfate

                                                                                              OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                                              COMMENTS

                                                                                                 Bacteriological  sampling should be increased to meet the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5-0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
< .05
0.103
0.00
21.0
0.00



< 5
•PECOSHEHOED L1HIT ••HAMATORY LIUlT
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*



NICKEL
0.031
0.0

0.023
0.00
0.036
1.3

< .0005

0.012
*LL VALUES A3E
NITRATE (45)*
pH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

8.9
7.4
0.003
0.00
350.0
799.0


)* O.A2

1.9

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**



COLOR (15 s.u.)*
-£. .05
< 0.1
0.00
< 5.0
0.00
0.00

< 5


COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGAMESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.11
0.0

0.060
0.00
0.020





NITRATE (45)*
pH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

0.3
7.6
0.002
0.00
285.0
707.2


)* 0.9

0.018

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
                          COL I FORM/100 ml

                               ^ 1

                              <  1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml

                                                    ^ 1

                                                   <:  i
                                                                          S.P.C./ml
                                                                         35°C  -  48 hr.
                                                                          34,000
RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION ft\

DISTRIBUTION #2
                         COLIFORH/100 ml
< 1
                                                   FECAL
                                               COLIFORM/100 ml
                                            S.P.C./ml
                                           35° C - 48 hr.
                                             1,000

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY

 STATE           KANSAS                          SOURCE   Well
 NAME OF AREA   Cedar Bluff                     PUMP     Submersible
 NAME OF SUPPLY South Side Pressure System      STORAGE   Ground level storage  tank
 DATE OF SURVEY 10-7-71
 TREATMENT      Chlorination

 BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE    Less than one sample per month is examined.

 BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY         Good
                                                                                                                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                               STATE           KANSAS                         SOURCE   Well
                                                                                               NAME OF AREA    Glen Elder                     PUM?     Unknown
                                                                                               NAME OF SUPPLY  Visitors Center                STORAGE  Elevated  Tank
                                                                                               DATE OF SURVEY  10-5-71
                                                                                               TREATMENT       Chlorination

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   Unknown

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        High standard plate count.
 CHEMICAL  QUALITY
      DWS  MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED      None

      DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Nitrate

 OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
   1.  The chlorine residual should be checked daily.
   2.  A chlorine residual was found on the day of the survey.
                                                                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                    DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED    Selenium

                                                                                                    DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED  Total Dissolved Solids

                                                                                               OPERATION,  CONTROL  fc  SANITARY DEFECTS  N° chlorine residual was found
COMMENTS

  Bacteriological sampling should be increased as recommended by the  DWS.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                                                  Water comes  from  the Glen Elder Municipal Supply.  These treatment
                                                                                                  facilities were not inspected.

                                                                                                  A  chlorine residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should be maintained at all times in
                                                                                                  the distribution  system.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)* <
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*

DATA
0.005
.13
0.130
0.00
6.8
n nr\
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (O.O*
0.071
0.0

0.021
0.013
0.020
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
48.3

7.6
0.006
0.00
73.5
469.5
CHROMIUM  (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
                       0.00

                     < 5

•BECQgltHPEO liall  *'«AHOA10lir UUIT
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
                                                               SOLIDS  (500)*
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAVI WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
 „ Q0

^ .0005    TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*   °-27

 0 00      ZINC (5.0)*           °'73
 AU VAluEi Mi miLiBarjs PEH UIER UHLESS OTHEHIISE KOTEP.
                          COLIFORH/100 ml
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                    <1
                     S.P.C./ml
                    35°C - 48 hr.
PHYSICAL AMD CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** .16
BORON (1.0)* 0.191
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** -000
CHLORIDE (250)* 11-9
CHROMIUM (.05)** -000

COBALT -000

COLOR (IS s.u.)* <5
•RECOiBEHDEO LiaiT ••BAWUTOHY tlUIT
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
.54
0.000

.11
.000
0.020
.000

< .0005

NITRATE (45)* 32i8
pH 7.3
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.020
SILVER (0.05)** -Off
SULFATE (250)* 101. n
TOTAL DISSOLVED-Z3JL2.
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*. 33

ZINC (5.0)* .17
.020
AU. VALUES WE IIUI&ftAilS PCM LITER UHUM OTMEXJISE NOTED.
                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



                                                              RAW WATER

                                                              DISTRIBUTION #1

                                                              DISTRIBUTION #2
COLIFORH/100 ml
                          FECAL
                       COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                                                   < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                                                           1700

-------
STATE
NAME OF AREA
NAME OF SUPPLY   Boy Scout
DATE OF SURVEY   10-6-71
TREATMENT        Sone
     REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL  WATER SUPPLIES
         BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY

KANSAS                         SOURCE   Wel1
Kirwin                        PUMP     Submersible
                              STORAGE  Ground level storage tank
BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   None

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        High Standard Plate Count


CHEMICAL QUALITY
      DUS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED     Selenium

      DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   Total Dissolved Solids

OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                                                                    REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL UATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE            KANSAS
NAME OF AREA     Kirwin
NAME OF SUPPLY   Concession
DATE OF SURVEY   10-6-71
TREATMENT        None
                                                                     SOURCE    "eH
                                                                     PUMP      Submersible
                                                                     STORAGE   Pressure  tank
                                                                             BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   None

                                                                             BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        H18h Standard Plate Count


                                                                             CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                  DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED     Selenium

                                                                                  DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   Total Dissolved  Solids,   Sulfate

                                                                             OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
 COMMENTS


   Bacteriological sampling should be practiced  according to the DWS.
                                                                             COMMENTS


                                                                               Bacteriological  sampling should be practiced according  to  the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)* *

CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT
^
COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•PJCOSKIHOED LtUIT ••HAWATORY
.15
0.1
0.00
5.0
Onn
. uu
0.00

5

LIU)T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*

MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.097
0.0

0.029
0.00
0.020

0.00
^ . 0005

0.00
AIL VALUES HE
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*

ZINC (5.0)*
9.3
7.5
0.025

0.00
131.0
554.5


0.4

0.051
HILLIGHtJS PER LITER UNLESS OTHEMISE NOTED.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
         COLIFORM/100 ml
              < 1
                                   FECAL
                               COLI FORM/100 ml
                                 < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                                         8,500
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
DATA
0.005
.13
0.895
0.00
CHLORIDE (250)* 122-°
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT
s
COLOR (15 s.u.)*
0.00
0.00

5

•EECOSNEHDEU LIUIT ••BAHOATORY LIMIT
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIOE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.009
0.0

0.014
0.00
0.058
0 .00
^ 0005

0.003

NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZIHC (5.0)*

16.9
7.5
0.041
0.00
575.0
1775.5


)* 0.5

0.079

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION ff2
COLIFORM/100 ml
                          FECAL
                      COL I FORM/100
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                                    22,000

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE            KANSAS                         SOURCE   Well
NAME OF AREA    Kirwin                         pUH?      Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY  Headquarters                   STORAGE   Pressure Tank
DATE OF SURVEY  10-6-71
TREATMENT       None

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   Tests made only once every six months

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        High Standard Plate Count
                                                                                                                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                               STATE            KANSAS                         SOURCE
                                                                                               NAME OF AREA     Lovewell                       PUMP
                                                                                               NAME OF SUPPLY   Concession                    STORAGE
                                                                                               DATE OF SURVEY   10-5-71
                                                                                               TREATMENT        None
                                                                                                                                                        Well
                                                                                                                                                        Centrifugal
                                                                                                                                                        Pressure  Tank
                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE  None

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY       Tests  showed the water contained 130 coliform/100 ml
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DV/S MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED      Selenium

     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED    Manganese,   Total  Dissolved Solids

OPERATION, CONTROL  &  SANITARY DEFECTS
  There is a possible cross connection at the well in the form  of  a hose from
  an overhead pipe which is used for filling trucks.
                                                                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                    DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    None

                                                                                                    DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  Total Dissolved Solids,  Nitrate

                                                                                               OPERATION.  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS
   Bacteriological  sampling should be increased according to the DWS.
                                                                                               COMMEN
                                                                                                  1.  The  system consisted of a well , pressure tank, and distribution system.
                                                                                                  2.  The  bacteriological analysis indicated strong contamination.  The source
                                                                                                  of  contamination should be found and some type of disinfection system installed.
                                                                                                  3.  The  bacteriological sampling frequency should meet be increased to meet  the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC  (0.01)*        0.014
         (0.05)**
BARIUM  (1.0)**
BORON  (1.0)*
       (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
 CHLORIDE  (250)*

 CHROMIUM  (.05)**

 COBALT

 COLOR (15  s.u.)*

•PECOimHOEO LIHIT  ••BAHCATORY HU1T
                        .09

                       0.142

                       0.00

                      10.0

                       0.00

                       0.00

                       7
                                 COPPER (1.0)*

                                 CYANIDE (0.01)*
                                         (0.2)**
                                 FLUORIDE (1.4 to

                                 IRON (0.3)*

                                 LEAD (0.05)**

                                 M.B.A.S.  (0.5)*

                                 MANGAMESE (0.05)*

                                 MERCURY

                                 NICKEL
                                                      0-013     NITRATE (45)*

                                                      0.0
                   20.4

pH                  7.4

SELENIUM (0.01)**   0.054

SILVER (0.05)**     0.00
  0.022

  0.013

  0.030

  0.059

*  .0005   TURBIDITY  (5  s.u.)* 0.27

  0.00     ZINC  (5.0)*          0.601
 ALL VALUES A3E SILLIEam PER LITER UHLE» OTHERWISE NOTEO.
SULFATE (250)*    187.5

TOTAL DISSOLVED   625-5
SOLIDS (500)*
BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION ii\

DISTRIBUTION //2
                          COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                         S.P.C./ml
                                                                        35°C - 48 hr.
                                                                          1,900
PHYSICAL
ARSENIC
AND CHEMICAL DATA
(0.01)* 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1
(5
CADMIUM
CHLORIDE
CHROMIUM

COBALT

.0)*
.0)**
(0.01)**
(250)*
(.05)**



COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•RECdaaiHOED
< 0.
0,
6.
0,
0.


< 5
.27
.1
.00
.5
.00
.00



LltilT ••MANDATORY HUM
BACTERIOLOGICAL


RESULTS



COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE
FLUORIDE
IRON (0.
LEAD (0.
M.B.A.S.
(0.01)*
(0.2)**
(1.4 to
3)*
05)**
(0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
0.017
0.000
NITRATE
PH
(45)* 82.9

SELENIUM (0.01)**
0.069
0.00
0.040
0
.00
SILVER
SULFATE
(0.05)**
(250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS

(500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*
MERCURY

NICKEL


COLIFORM/100 ml
<






0

F
.0005

•AlP.ALOE, ,

:ECAL
COLIFORM/100

ZINC (5



ml

.0)*


S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48
7.
0.
0.
68.
707.


0.

0.



hr.
,4
.005
,00
,5
0


,33

.320




                                                                                               RAW WATER

                                                                                               DISTRIBUTION #1

                                                                                               DISTRIBUTION f/2
                                                                                                                             130
                                                                                                                                                                             190
                                                                                             56

-------
                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE            KANSAS                         SOURCE   Well
NAME OF AREA     Lovewell                      PUMP     Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY   Park Pressure System          STORAGE  Pressure Tank
DATE OF SURVEY   10-5-71
TREATMENT        Chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY
                               One sample per month
                                                                                                                    REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                                                                              STATE          KANSAS
                                                                                              NAME OF AREA   Lovewell
                                                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY Scout Area
                                                                                              DATE OF SURVEY 10-5-71
                                                                                              TREATMENT      None
                                                                     SOURCE   Well
                                                                     PUMP     Handpump
                                                                     STORAGE  None
                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  N° record of anv tests  in  past year

                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       Good at cime o£  vislt
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED

OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                          None
                                                 Total Dissolved Solids
  A chlorine residual was found at all points in the distribution system during
  the survey.
                      CHEMICAL QUALITY
                           DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED      Hone

                           DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Total Dissolved  Solids, Color
                                                              Sulfate,  Manganese,  Iron, Turbidity
                      OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS
  1.  The chlorine residual should be checked daily.
  2.  The bacteriological sampling frequency should be increased to  meet  the DWS.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                                                1.  The Scout Area is served  by  an old handpump which was apparently in place
                                                                                                before the reservoir was completed.
                                                                                                2.  No records were available concerning well construction or quality testing.
                                                                                                3.  Bacteriological surveillance should be practiced according to the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)* *
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROHIUH (.05)**

COBALT

DATA
0.005
.54
' 0.1
0.00
13.3
0.00



COLOR (15 s.u.)* < 5
•p.ECoimnoED nun ••tuniuTOi
«Y LIMIT
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.020
0.0

0.043
0.00
0.030
0.012

< .0005

°.tP9»l»K '
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

31.0
7.5
0.006
0.00
21.4
538.5


)*1.0

2.4

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUH (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*

26
0.135
.003
13.0
.000



> 100


COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
.013
0.000

5.53

.000
0.026
.26

< .0005

.007
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

0.8
7.1
0.002
.000
270.0

895.5


)*52.0

.48

BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION H2
                          COLIFORM/100 ml
                             < 1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                   <  1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS


RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION //2
                                                                                                                        COLIFORH/100 ml
    FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                                                 < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                                                         640

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE           KANSAS                          SOURCE   "ell
NAME OF AREA    Norton                          PUMP     Handpump
NAME OF SUPPLY  Handpump  #1  (Numbering E to W)  STORAGE  None
DATE OF SURVEY  10-6-71
TREATMENT       None
BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY
        None

        High Standard Plate Count
                                            REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                                                BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                      STATE          KANSAS                          SOURCE   Wel1
                      NAME OF AREA   Norton                          pu»p    Handpump
                      NAME OF SUPPLY Handpump #2 (Numbering  E to W)   STORAGE  None
                      DATE OF SURVEY 10-6-71
                      TREATMENT      None

                      BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE   None

                      BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        High Standard Plate  Count
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                       None
     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED  Zinc

OPERATION, CONTROL  £.  SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                     CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                          DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED      Chromium, Selenium

                                                                          DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Iron, Total Dissolved Solids

                                                                     OPERATION,  CONTROL fc SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS

   The bacteriological sampling frequency should be practiced according
   to  the  DWS.
                                                                     COMMENTS

                                                                       Bacteriological sampling  should be practiced in accordance with the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

"COLOR (15 s.u.)* <
DATA
0.005
.17
0.1
.001
6.0
.000

.000

5
•PECO'JSEHBED LIMIT ••BAHBATORY L1U1T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
.000
0.000

.17
.004
0.040
.021

< .0005

.003
M.L VALUES A3E
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

0.1
7.6
0.002
.000
10.2
297.5

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 2-8

71 Mr (5-f>)*

6.6
• ILLieiUilS flU LITER UNLESS OTHERWISE HOTEP.
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION it\

DISTRIBUTION #2
COL I FORM/100 ml
                          FECAL
                      COL I FORM/100 ml
                         < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
                                                 13,000
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
.13
< 0.1
0.002
13.3
0.067

COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
0.047
0.0

0.52
0.00
0.055
n rins
NITRATE (45)* 41.6
pH 7.5
SELENIUM (O.on** 0.019

SILVER (0.05)** °-00
SULFATE (250)* 177-5
TOTAL DISSOLVED 742'5
SOLIDS (500)*
                                                                                                                     0.009

                                                                                                                  < 5

                                                                                               ReCOSaEHOED LIUIT  ••aAHOATOHY UU1T
                                                                     COBALT

                                                                     COLOR (15 s.u.)*
                                                      MERCURY            *  •°005

                                                      NICKEL              2;°«
                                                              TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)*  1.2

                                                              ZINC  (5.0)*          1.0
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION lt\

DISTRIBUTION f/2
COLIFORH/100 ml
                                                                                                  < 1
                          FECAL
                      COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                       <1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                              22,000

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL MATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE          KANSAS                          SOURCE    Wel1
NAME OF AREA   Norton                          pUHj>      Handpump
NAME OF SUPPLY Handpump #3 (Numbering E to W)   STORAGE   None
DATE OF SURVEY 10-6-71
TREATMENT      K°ne

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE   None

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY        High Standard  Plate  Count
                                                                                          REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                              BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                                                    STATE          KANSAS                          SOURCE
                                                                    NAME OF AREA   Norton                          PUMP     Kandpump
                                                                    NAME OF SUPPLY Handpump #4 (Numbering  E  to W)   STORAGE   None
                                                                    DATE OF SURVEY 10-6-71
                                                                    TREATMENT      None

                                                                    BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE    None

                                                                    BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY         H18h Standard Plate Count
 CHEMICAL QUALITY
      DVIS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED      None

      DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Turbidity

 OPERATION,  CONTROL S. SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                    CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                         DV/S MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED

                                                                         DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED

                                                                    OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                              None

                                                              Turbidity, Color,  Zinc,  Iron
 COMMENTS

   Bacteriological sampling should be practiced in accordance  with  the DWS.
                                                                    COMMENTS

                                                                       Bacteriological sampling should be practiced according to the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5-0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT
COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•PECOSalHOCD U«IT ••HAHflUO
DATA
0.005
.27
< 0.1
0.00
7.3
0.00
0.00
< 5
»< UU1T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY
NICKEL
0.012
0.0

0.14
0.00
0.076

< .0005
»ft-flfi»t. .;
NITRATE (45)*
pH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.
ZINC (5.0)*

37.2
7.6
0.003
0.00
20.2
357.5
)* 5.3
4.5

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT
COLOR (15 s.u.)*
.19
0.001
0.00
< 5.0
0.00
0.00
> 100

COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUOR1DE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY
NICKEL
0.076
0.0

0.77

0.021
0.026
0 018

0 00
ALL VM.UES JUE
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.
ZINC (5.0)*

10.2
7.6
< 0.001
0.007
17.5
331.5
)*195.0
_7..Z_

 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



 RAW WATER

 DISTRIBUTION #1

 DISTRIBUTION ttl
COLIFORM/100 ml
    < 1
                          FECAL
                      COL1FORM/100 ml
                         < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                              21,000
                      RAVI WATER

                      DISTRIBUTION ti\

                      DISTRIBUTION #2
COLIFORM/100 ml
                          FECAL
                      COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                      < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                            28,000

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE           KANSAS                         SOURCE   Well
NAME OF AREA    Norton                         PUMP     Handpump
NAME OF SUPPLY  Handpump #5 (Numbering E  to W)  STORAGE  None
DATE OF SURVEY  10-6-71
TREATMENT       None

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE   None

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY        High Standard Plate Count
                                                                                           REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                               BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                     STATE           KANSAS                         SOURCE   Wel1
                                                                     NAME OF  AREA   Norton                         PUMP     Submersible
                                                                     NAME OF  SUPPLY Pressure System                STORAGE  Ground level storage tank
                                                                     PATE OF  SURVEY 10-6-71
                                                                     TREATMENT      Chlorination

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  One sample analyzed per month

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL OJJALITY       High Standard Plate Count
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                      None
     DUS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED Total Dissolved Solids, Nitrate,  Iron

OPERATION, CONTROL  &  SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS

  Bacteriological sampling should  be practiced according to the DWS.
                                                                     CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                          DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED     None

                                                                          DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   T°tal Dissolved  Solids

                                                                     OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

                                                                        1.  Chlorine  residual is checked weekly instead of  daily.
                                                                        2.  A trace of  chlorine was found in the distribution system.

                                                                     COMMENTS

                                                                        1.  The  bacteriological sampling frequency should meet the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)* <
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*

CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)* <
•BECOSSEHilEt I III It ••mWMORY
DATA
0.005
.11
0.1
0.00
6.8

0.00
0.00



Liulr
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*

MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.
,016
0.0

_0.
0.
0,

0,

^ .

.,°<

.78
.00
.026

.030

.0005

.00
IH.UE! ME
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL Dl SSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.i,.)*

ZINC (5.0)*
56.
7.
0.
0,
85,
547,


4.

0
,5
.5
,007
.00
.0
.1


.2

.76
MILLIGRAMS PER LITER UHLESS OTHERWISE VOTED.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAVI WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION tfi
COL I FORM/100 ml
     < 1
                          FECAL
                      COLI FORM/100 ml
                         < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
                                                 7,300
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**

C03ALT
DATA
0.005
.17
0.1
.000
10.0
.000
.000

COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIOE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
H.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

.097
0.000

.017
.000
0.030
.000

NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.]
26.6
7.4
0.007
.000
112.5
707.7

I* 0.53
                                                                                               COLOR  (15  s.u.)*
                                                                                                                   < 5
                                                                                                      P Hill?  "alMATORr LIUlT
                                                                                                     MERCURY            -^.0005

                                                                                                     NICKEL              .L^fuur,
                                                                                                                                                             ZINC (5.0)*
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
COLI FORM/100 ml

    < 1

    < 1
    FECAL
COL I FORM/100 ml

   < 1

   •C 1
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.

    3,900

   45,000

-------
                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE          KANSAS                          SOURCE  Wel1
NAME OF AREA   Webster                         PUMP    Centrifugal
NAME OF SUPPLY North Side Pressure System      STORAGE Ground  level storage tank
PATE OF SURVEY 10-7-71
TREATMENT      Manual Chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE  One sample per  month  is  analyzed.

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY  Raw water is contaminated.  Water in  the distribution
   system has been contaminated in the past.  Water quality in the distribution system
   was  good at the time of the survey.
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED      Selenium

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED    Total Dissolved  Solids, Iron, Zinc

OPERATION, CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS
   1.   Chlorine residual should be checked daily.
   2.   At the time of the survey, the distribution system  did not show a chlorine
  residual.  However, the storage tank had  a  strong  chlorine residual.
  3.  While the well is being pumped,  half  of the  distribution system re.
  water.  This should be corrected,  and the needed work  is planned.  4.
COMMENTS   equipment on hand should  be installed.  This  work is planned.
                                                                          .      .
                                                                        The disinfection
   1.  The bacteriological surveillance should be increased  to meet  the DWS.
   2 .  If the source of contamination of the well is not found , other  sources
   of raw water should be explored.
   3 .  A chlorine residual of 0.1  to 0.2 ppm should be maintained at all  times
   in  the distribution system.
                                                                                                                     REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                         BUREAU Of RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                              STATE           KANSAS                           SOURCE Well
                                                                                              NAME OF  AREA   Webster                          PUMP   Handpump
                                                                                              NAME OF  SUPPLY South Side  Handpump              STORAGE None
                                                                                              DATE OF  SURVEY 10-7-71
                                                                                              TREATMENT      None
                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE

                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY
                                                      Coliform, fecal coliform,  and a high  standard
                                                      plate count were found.
                                                                                               CHEMICAL  QUALITY
                                                                                                    DWS  MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    Hone

                                                                                                    DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids,
                                                                                                                                     Sulfate, Iron
                                                                                               OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                                               COMMENTS

                                                                                                 1.  The pump is  old  and was  installed before the reservoir was constructed.
                                                                                                 2.  Bacteriological  tests  should be made at a frequency prescribed by the DWS.
                                                                                                 3.  The source of  contamination of the well should be found and the problem
                                                                                                 resolved.   An alternative  would be to remove the pump or post a sign warning
                                                                                                 potential  users  of the water about its quality.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* ^ 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLOR1DE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*

.11
< 0.1
0.002
6.0
0.00


j


COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.28
0.0

0.49

0.00


< .0005

0 00

NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

24.4
7.4
0.015

0.00
175.0
766.0


)* 1.7

5.2

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)*-*
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)*-*

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*

< 0

•£. 0.
0
17
0
0




.005
.09
.1
.005
.5
.00
00



LIU1T
COPPER (1.0)* 0.031
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.0
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* J-2

LEAD (0.05)** °-00
M.B.A.S. (0.5)* °-020
MANGANESE (0.05)* °'°53
^ .0005
MERCURY
0 00
NICKEL uimui. M
NITRATE (45)*
pH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

3.0
7.2
0.005
0.007
305.0

879.0


H- 5.3

2.1

BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION 1/2
                          COLIFORM/100 ml

                              520

                             <  1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.

   25,000

      290
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION f/2
COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                             260
                      COLIFORM/100 ml
 S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
                                                                                                                                                                       1,500

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE CALIFORNIA                               SOURCE  -  Lake
NAME OF AREA  - Berryessa                       PUMP   Centrifugal
NAME OF SUPPLY - Lake Berryessa Marina         STORAGE  - Ground level storage tanks
PATE OF SURVEY - 11/9/71
TREATMENT   Sand filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE - Feb.-l,  June-3,  July-3, Aug.-4, Sept.-2 .samples  taken.

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      Good
                                                                                    REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY

                                                              STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE - ^^
                                                              NAME OF AREA - Berryessa                       pUHj> . Submersible
                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY - Markley Cove                   STORAGE - Ground level storage tank
                                                              DATE OF SURVEY - 11/9/71
                                                              TREATMENT - Sand filtration, chlorination

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE 2 samples/month,  June-Sept.

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY- One sample each  in August and Sept. showed coliform contamination
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED
                                       None
     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED  None

OPERATION, CONTROL fr SANITARY  DEFECTS Chlorine residual  found  at all  points




COMMENTS The  frequency of bacteriological sampling should be increased to meet
         the  DWS during the entire time the system is operational.
                                                              CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED  - None

                                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED' None

                                                              OPERATION, CONTROL 6- SANITARY  DEFECTS
                                                                     1. No chlorine residual found in distribution system.
                                                                     2. Chlorine residuals not checked daily.
                                                                     3. The  top of the storage tank was not covered at  the  time  of  the  field inspection.

                                                              COMMENTS 1.   The frequency of bacteriological sampling should be  increased  to meet
                                                                            the DWS during  the entire time the system is operational.
                                                                       2.  A chlorine residual of  0.1 to 0.2  ppm should be maintained  at
                                                                           all times in the distribution system.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*<0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** < 0.05

BORON (1.0)*      0.402
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  °-00

CHLORIDE (250)*   35.5

CHROMIUM (.05)**  0.00

COBALT            0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*   <5
COPPER (1.0)*   0.007

CYANIDE (0.01)*  0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     0.052

LEAD (0.05)**   °-00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  0.017

MANGANESE (0.05)*  0.004

MERCURY .£0.0005

          0.008
NITRATE (45)*    0-1

pH  7.8

SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.001

SILVER (0.05)**    0.00

SULFATE (250)*   17-4

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*   176'°

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*    0.8

ZINC (5.0)*    0.005
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  <0.05

BORON (1.0)*      0.484
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE (250)* 
-------
                      REPORT  ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF  RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   California                             SOURCE   Lake
NAME OF AREA - Berryessa                       PUHP     Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY - Putah Creek Park              STORAGE  Ground  level tank and surge  tank
DATE OF SURVEY 11-8-71
TREATMENT  - Sand filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE- 2 samples/month,  June - September

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY- Good


CHEMICAL  QUALITY
      DWS  MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED- NONE

      DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - NONE

OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS  -  1. Chlorine  residuals found at all points.
                                          2. Chlorine  residuals are not checked daily.
COMMENTS
                The frequency of bacteriological  sampling should be increased to
                meet the DWS during the  entire  time  the system is operational.
                                                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                               STATE  CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE  - Lake
                               NAME OF AREA   Berryessa                       PUMP  -  Submersible
                               NAME OF SUPPLY  - Rancho Monticello            STORAGE - Ground level storage tank
                               DATE OF SURVEY  - 11/8/71
                               TREATMENT  '- S&nd filtration, chlorination

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE 2 samples/month,  June-Sept.

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY - Two samples taken  in June  showed coliform contamination.
                                                          Remainder of  samples are good.

                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                    DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

                                    DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED -  None

                               OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS   - 1. Chlorine  residuals were found in the
                                                                            distribution system.
                                                                         2, Not known if daily chlorine residuals
                                                                            are taken.

                               COMMENTS  - 1-  The frequency of bacteriological sampling should be increased to
                                               meet the DWS during the  entire  time the system is operational.
 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
 ARSENIC  (0.01)* <• 0.005
         (0.05)**
 BARIUM (1.0)** •*• 0.05

 BORON (1.0)*   < 0.1
       (5.0)**
 CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

 CHLORIDE (250)*  47.0

 CHROMIUM (.05)**   0.00

 COBALT            0.00

 COLOR (15 s.u.)*   <  5
                                COPPER (1.0)*    0.012

                                CYANIDE  (0.01)*  0.000
                                         (0.2)**
                                FLUORIDE (1.4 to
                                         2.4)**
                                IRON  (0.3)*      0.010

                                LEAD  (0.05)**    0.00

                                M.B.A.S.  (0.5)*  0.020

                                MANGANESE (0.05)*  0.00

                                MERCURY  ^ 0.0005
NITRATE (45)*  0.3

pH             8.2

SELENIUM  (0.01)** 0.001

SILVER (0.05)**  °-003

SULFATE (250)*  18-8

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*    196.5

TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)* °-83
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*-to.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (l.0)**<0.05

BORON (1.0)*   <0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00

CHLORIDE (250)*    30.0

CHROMIUM (.05)**  0.00

COBALT    0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*  <5
COPPER (1.0)*   0.007

CYANIDE (0.01)*   °-000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*    0.022

LEAD (0.05)**  0.00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*    0.020

MANGANESE (0.05)*   0.00

MERCURY < 0.0005
NITRATE (45)*  0.2

pH  8.0

SELENIUM  (0.01)** 0.001

SILVER (0.05)**  °-003

SULFATE (250)*   2-3

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*   404.5

TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)* 0.45

ZINC (5.0)*  0.18
•P£CO?HIHDEO LIMIT •
BACTERIOLOGICAL

RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION H\
DISTRIBUTION #2
•MWIATORV UM1T NICKEL 0
RESULTS
COLIFOPJ1/100 ml
1
^ 1
< 1
'•°° lU YM.OES «f IIU.I
FECAL
COLIFORM/ 100 ml
1
f. 1

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE  CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE  . ^^
NAME OF AREA  - Berryessa                      PUMP   - Centrifugal
NAME OF SUPPLY  - South Shore                  STORAGE - Elevated or ground level
DATE OF SURVEY  - 11/9/71                                storage tanks
TREATMENT  '- Sand filtration, chlorlnation

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE 1 Sample  in May,  2/month in June-Aug., 1 in Sept.

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY     Good
                                                                                    REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                              STATE      CALIFORNIA                         SOURCE  Well
                                                              NAME OF AREA - Berryessa                      PUMP  - Submersible
                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY   South Shore Well              STORAGE - Ground level storage tank
                                                              PATE OF SURVEY   10/9/71
                                                              TREATMENT '- Chlorination

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE May -  1,  June  -  4, Aug.-2, Sept. - 2  samples taken.

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      G°°d
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED
      None
     DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  None

OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS
       1.  Chlorine  residual found in storage tank but not distribution system.
       2.  Chlorine  residuals not checked daily.


COMMENTS  1-   The  frequency of bacteriological sampling should be  increased  to
              meet the DWS during the entire time the system is operational.
          2.  A chlorine residual of  0.1 to  0.2 ppm should be maintained  at  all
              times  in the distribution system.
                                                              CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                                                                                     None
                                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   Turbidity

                                                              OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS  Chlorine  residuals  found at all points
                                                              COMMENTS The frequency of bacteriological  sampling should be  increased to meet the DWS
                                                                       the entire time the system is operational.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  <0.005

BORON (1.0)*      0.248
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  °-°°

CHLORIDE (250)*   21.0

CHROMIUM (.05)**  °-°°

COBALT            °-00
COPPER (1.0)*     °-°ls

CYANIDE (0.01)*  °-°°°
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     0.052

LEAD (0.05)**   °-00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  °-°3°

MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-003
NITRATE (45)*   0.4

pH  7.5

SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.001

SILVER (0.05)**    0.00

SULFATE (250)*  17.4

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*   172-5
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM  (1.0)**  <0.05

BORON (1.0)*      0.450
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.002

CHLORIDE  (250)*     37.2

CHROMIUM  (.05)**  0.00

COBALT            0.00
COPPER (1.0)*   o.Oll

CYANIDE (0.01)*   0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     0.059

LEAD (0.05)**   °-13

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*   °-026

MANGANESE (0.05)*  °'024
NITRATE (45)*  12.0

pH  7.5

SELENIUM  (0.01)**    0.005

SILVER (0.05)**  0.00

SULFATE (250)*   91.5

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*    400.5

TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)*   7-9
MERCURY < 0.0005
COLOR (15 s.u.)*<5 ZINC
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS

RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION IK
COLIFORM/100 ml
2
< 1
< 1
FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml
£ 1
± i

-------
                                               SOURCE -  Lake
                                               PUMP  - Submersible
                                               STORAGE  -  2 concrete  tanks, one pressure
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA  - Berryessa
NAME OF SUPPLY - Spanish Flat
DATE OF SURVEY 11/9/71
TREATMENT- Filtration  through diatomaceous
           earth, chlorination
BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE - Feb.-l sample, June - 3 samples,  July-3  samples, Aug.-3
                                samples, Sept. - 2 samples.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY
                             Coliform contamination found in 3 of the above  samples.

CHEMICAL  QUALITY
      DVIS  MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED     None

      DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS i. No chlorine residuals found in system.
                                       2. Chlorine residuals not checked daily.
                                                                                                                     REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                         BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                                             SOURCE  - Lake
                                                                                                             PUMP   - Centrifugal
                                                                                                             STORAGE - Underground tanks at plant
                               STATE   CALIFORNIA
                               NAME OF AREA   -  Berryessa
                               NAME OF SUPPLY  -  Steele Park
                               DATE OF SURVEY  -  11/9/71
                               TREATMENT     coagulation,  floculation, sedimentation,
                                       filtration,  carbon, chlorination
                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE  2 samples/month, June-Sept.

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY  - 2 o£ the samples in the past year showed coliform contamination.


                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                    DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                                    DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                               OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

                                      Chlorine residual found at treatment plant but not in distribution system.
COMMENTS  I-  The  frequency of bacteriological sampling should be  increased  to meet
             the  DWS during the entire time the system is operational.

          2.  A chlorine residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should be maintained at  all
             times  in  the distribution system.
                                                              COMMENTS
                                                                    The frequency of bacteriological  sampling  should be increased to meet the DWS
                                                                    during the entire time the system is  operational.

                                                                    A chlorine residual of 0.1 to  0.2 ppm should be maintained at all times
                                                                    in the distribution system.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (o.oi)* < 0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**    0.28

BORON (1.0)*      0.446
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE (250)*   15.2

CHROMIUM (.05)**  0.00

COBALT   0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*  < 5
COPPER (l.O)-*  0.005

CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*  °-008

LEAD (0.05)**  0.00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  0.013

MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.005

MERCURY •* 0.0005
NITRATE (45)* <0.1

pH    7.4

SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.001

SILVER (0.05)**  0.00

SULFATE (250)*  25.5

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*  401.5

TURBIDITY (5 s.b.)*  0.2

ZINC (5.0)*    0.051
                                                                                               PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
                                                                                               ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
                                                                                                       (0.05)**
                                                                                               BARIUM (1.0)**    < 0.005

                                                                                               BORON (1.0)*       0.390
                                                                                                     (5.0)**
                                                                                               CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00

                                                                                               CHLORIDE (250)*  17.7

                                                                                               CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.00

                                                                                               C03ALT           °-°°

                                                                                               COLOR (15 s.u.)*  <5
COPPER (1.0)*   0.021

CYANIDE (0.01)*  0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*   0.027

LEAD (0.05)**   0.00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  °-020

MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-004

MERCURY < 0.0005
NITRATE  (45)*   0.2

pH   7.8

SELENIUM  (0.01)**   0.001

SILVER  (0.05)**  0.00

SULFATE  (250)*    17.9

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS  (500)*       '5

TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)*  o.9

ZINC (5.0)*      0.007
•P.ECOSaEHOEO LIMIT "W&WHTORV U
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION //2
ult NICKtL u-u
COL 1 FORM/1 00 ml
27
< 1
•£. 1
^ ui «u.«s .» niuie.,
FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml
•£ \
< 1
£ 1

S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
240
4
13

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION HZ
m, NICKEL 
-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE  - Lake
NAME OF AREA  -  Cachuma                         PUMP  - Centrifugal pump
NAME OF SUPPLY  -  Park Supply                   STORAGE  -  Ground level concrete  tank
DATE OF SURVEY  -  11/17/71
TREATMENT   -  Sand filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  -  Excellent  (average  8  samples/month)

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY  -  Standards  not met  one  month  in  past year.
                                                                                                                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                               STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE - Lake
                                                                                               NAME OF AREA   Camp Far West                    PUMP - Submersible
                                                                                               NAME OF SUPPLY  -  Recreation  Area               STORAGE - Pressure tank
                                                                                               PATE OF SURVEY- 11/12/71
                                                                                               TREATMENT  •  Chlorination,  sand  filtration, carbon filtration

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE -  2  samples taken in year prior to survey

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      Good at time of survey
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  -  None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  -  Total Dissolved Solids,  Sulfate

OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

      Chlorine residual found in distribution system.
                                                                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                    DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED - None

                                                                                                    DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

                                                                                               OPERATION. CONTROL fr  SANITARY DEFECTS

                                                                                                       No chlorine residual  found  in  distribution system
COMMENTS
               1.  System is well maintained
               2.  Recommend placement of gas masks outside  the  door of
                   the treatment plant.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                                                       1.   Chlorinator  should  be moved to outlet of the carbon filter so
                                                                                                           that a chlorine  residual can be maintained in the distribution system.
                                                                                                       2.   Bacteriological  surveillance should be increased to meet the DWS.
 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC  (0.01)* < 0.005
         (0.05)**
 BARIUM  (1.0)*-*   <0.05

 BORON (1.0)*   0.119
       (5.0)**
 CADMIUM  (0.01)**  0.00

 CHLORIDE (250)* < 5.0

 CHROMIUM (.05)**  0.02

 COBALT          °-00

 COLOR (15 s.u.)*<5

•eECOlHEHDED UUIt  ••»«M»II)BY llllll
                                 COPPER (1.0)*  0.019

                                 CYANIDE (0.01)*   0,000
                                         (0.2)**
                                 FLUORIDE (1.4 to
                                         2.4)**
                                 IRON (0.3)*    0-023

                                 LEAD (0.05)**  °-025

                                 M.B.A.S. (0.5)*   0.036

                                 MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-°°

                                 MERCURY  0.0010

                                 NICKEL   °-00
                                                               NITRATE (45)*  0.3

                                                               pH        7.7

                                                               SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.004

                                                               SILVER (0.05)**  0.00

                                                               SULFATE (250)* 385.0

                                                               TOTAL  DISSOLVED
                                                               SOLIDS (500)*  694.0
                                                               TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*0.35
                                                               ZINC (5.0)*   0.027
                                                     >U VALUES A3E HUlieiUUS ?ER LITER UMUM OTHE»ISC HDTEO.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAVI WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION ill
                          COLIFORM/100 ml

                              5

                            *L 1

                            < 1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

     31

     15

      7
                      PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL DATA
                      ARSENIC (0.01)*<0.005
                              (0.05)**
                      BARIUM  (1.0)**  < 0.05

                      BORON  (1.0)*    < 0.1
                             (5.0)**
                      CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

                      CHLORIDE  (250)* < 5.0

                      CHROMIUM  (.05)**   0.00

                      COBALT    0.00

                      COLOR  (15  s.u.)*<5

                      •BECOKUHOED iiait  "mummy UIIIT
                                COPPER  (1.0)*  0.016

                                CYANIDE  (0.01)*  0.000
                                         (0.2)**
                                FLUORIDE (1.4  to
                                         2.4)**
                                IRON  (0.3)*    0.00

                                LEAD  (0.05)**  0.00

                                M.B.A.S.  (0.5)*   0.020

                                MANGANESE (0.05)*  0.00

                                MERCURY        0.0010

                                NICKEL   0.00
                                     NITRATE  (45)*   0.7

                                     pH     7.3

                                     SELENIUM (0.01)**<0.001

                                     SILVER (0.05)** 0.00

                                     SULFATE  (250)* 5.8

                                     TOTAL  DISSOLVED
                                     SOLIDS (500)*   80-5

                                     TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)* 0.47

                                     ZINC  (5.0)*    0.020
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAV) WATER

DISTRIBUTION ff\

DISTRIBUTION #2
COLIFORM/100 ml

  * 1

  < 1

  < 1
                          FECAL
                      COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                                                                                                                  *- 1

                                                                                                                                                  < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

    190

     26

     51

-------
                       .REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
STATE  California
NAME OF AREA  -  contra
NAME OF SUPPLY  - Picnic Area
DATE OF SURVEY    11/10/71
TREATMENT - Chlorination
SOURCE - Unknown
PUMP   - Unknown
STORAGE - Ground level tank
BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - No records of any tests could be  found at  the
                                 Contra Costa County Health Department.
BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY - Good at time of survey
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA  - Casitas
NAME OF SUPPLY  - Water District
PATE OF SURVEY  - 11/18/71
TREATMENT  '- Chlorination
                                                                   SOURCE - Lake
                                                                   PUMP  - None at intake
                                                                   STORAGE - Ground level storage tanks
                                                BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - Excellent  (average 32 samples/month)

                                                BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY  -  High standard plate  count
 CHEMICAL QUALITY
      DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

      DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

 OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS - No chlorine residual found in storage
                                         tank or distribution system.
 COMMENTS   1-  Water is delivered by truck from Antiock, California
            2.  Due to the large number of avenues of contamination, a chlorine
               residual should be maintained at all times and   frequent bacteriological
               tests should be made.
                                                CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED - None

                                                     DUS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED - None

                                                OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY  DEFECTS


                                                     Chlorine residual found  in distribution  system.


                                                COMMENTS

                                                               Treatment  facilities  are in good condition.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA copp£R (, 0)^ 0 00?
ARSENIC (0.01)* o.oo,
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** <
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•PECKmHDED USI1 ••»»
0.05
0.1
0.00
29.0
0.00

0.00

< 5
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* 0.047
LEAD (0.05)** 0.00
M.B.A.S. (0.5)* °-013
MANGANESE (0.05)* °-0°6

MERCURY <• 0.0005

•wuion ii.li NICKEL 0.008
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS


FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml COLIFORM/100
NITRATE (45)* 0.2
PH 7.1
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0.00
SULFATE (250)* 43.0
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)* 229'°

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 0.47

ZINC (5.0)* 1.3
ME HIUIGfUUS ttJt tITER UNLESS OTHEN9ISE NDTEI
S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.
RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION ff2
    ^ 1

    < 1
 48

140
                                                                                                PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
                                                                                                ARSENIC (0.01)*< 0.005
                                                                                                        (0.05)**
                                                                                                BARIUM (1.0)** ^ 0.009

                                                                                                BORON (1.0)*
                                                                                                      (5.0)**
                                                                                                CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

                                                                                                CHLORIDE (250)*

                                                                                                CHROMIUM (.05)**   0.00

                                                                                                COBALT        0.006

                                                                                                COLOR (15 s.u.)*

                                                                                                •RECOH3EHOED LIUH  ••UAHiUTDBY LttllT
                                                                                COPPER  (1.0)*  0.023

                                                                                CYANIDE (0.01)*
                                                                                         (0.2)**
                                                                                FLUORIDE (1.4  to
                                                                                         2.4)**
                                                                                IRON  (0.3)*   0.026

                                                                                LEAD  (0.05)**  0.016

                                                                                M.B.A.S.  (0.5)*

                                                                                MANGANESE (0.05)*  0.008

                                                                                MERCURY     * 0.0005

                                                                                NICKEL         0.009
                                                                                   NITRATE (45)*

                                                                                   pH             7.7

                                                                                   SELENIUM  (0.01)**

                                                                                   SILVER (0.05)**   0.003

                                                                                   SULFATE (250)*

                                                                                   TOTAL DISSOLVED
                                                                                   SOLIDS (500)*

                                                                                   TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*
                                                                                   ZINC (5.0)*     0.16

                                                                         »U muES «E UlLLIEIUiJi PEB UIEa UHUSS OTHEiOtSE HOUO,
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
COLIFORM/100 ml

    1

  •£ 1

  <  1
    FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

      1

   <1  1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

    170

     1

   1,500

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE  CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA  - Folsom
NAME OF SUPPLY - Beals Point
DATE OF SURVEY - 11/11/71
TREATMENT  : Unknown
                                               SOURCE  -  Lake
                                               PUMP -  Unknown
                                               STORAGE -  Unknown
BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE - 2 samples taken in year prior to survey of water
                               treated by the San Juan Water District
BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY - Good
                                                     REPORT  ON  INDIVIDUAL  WATER SUPPLIES
                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                               STATE  CALIFORNIA                               SOURCE  Lake
                               NAME OF AREA  -  Folsom                          PUMP    Centrifugal pump
                               NAME OF SUPPLY  - Brown's Ravine                STORAGE  2  pressure  tanks
                               DATE OF SURVEY   nmm
                               TREATMENT  ' Chlorination

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  None on record

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       High standard plate  count  on day  of survey.
CHEMICAL QUALITY  -
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED- None

OPERATION, CONTROL  S  SANITARY DEFECTS - No chlorine residual found
                                                                                              CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                                                                                                                     None
                                                                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   None

                                                                                              OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                                                     1.  Chlorinator was leaking and not working on day of  visit.
                                                                                                     2  Chlorine  residuals should be checked daily.
COMMENTS
               1-   Water  purchased from San Juan Water District
               2.   Booster  chlorination should be installed if a chlorine
                   residual cannot be maintained.
               3.   A bacteriological surveillance program should be practiced
                   in accordance with the DWS.
                                                                                                     1.  With evidence of fecal contamination in the raw water,  strict  control
                                                                                                        over the  chlorination is a necessity.
                                                                                                     2  A bacteriological surveillance program should be practiced in  accordance
                                                                                                        with the  DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (O.OI)-^O.OOS
        (0.05)**
BARIUM  (1.0)** < 0.05

BORON (1.0)* <0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE (250)*<5-0

CHROMIUM (.05)**  °-°°

COBALT    0.00
                                 COPPER  (1.0)*  0.006

                                 CYANIDE (0.01)*  0.000
                                         (0.2)**
                                 FLUORIDE (1.4 to
                                         2.4)**
                                 IRON  (0.3)*   0.053

                                 LEAD  (0.05)** 0-016

                                 M.B.A.S.  (0.5)* O-013

                                 MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.00

                                 MERCURY     < 0.0005
NITRATE (45)*   0.1

pH    9.0

SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.002

SILVER (0.05)**   0.00

SULFATE (250)*  4.9

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*  70.0

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  2.5
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0 005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  <0 01

BORON (1.0)*    ^0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE  (250)* 
-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE -  Lake
NAME OF AREA  ' F°lsom                          PUMP  - None  from intake  to chlorinator
NAME OF SUPPLY - Dam SuPPly                    STORAGE  -  Elevated storage tank
PATE OF SURVEY - ll/H/71
TREATMENT- Chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE None on record

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY       Hi8h standard Plate count at  tlme o£ surveV-
                                                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                               STATE   CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE  " Lake
                               NAME OF AREA -  Folsom                          PUHi>    Unknown
                               NAME OF SUPPLY  - Granite Bay                   STORAGE . Unknown
                               BATE OF SURVEY  - 11/11/71
                               TREATMENT  - Unknown

                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE- 2 samples taken In year prior to survey of  water
                                                              treated by the San Juan Water District.
                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY - Good
 CHEMICAL QUALITY
      DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  - Non<2

      DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

 OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS - No chlorine residual found in distribution
                                         system.
                                CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                                     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                                OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS - No chlorine residual found
 COMMENTS - 1.  A bacteriological  surveillance  program should be practiced in
               accordance with the  DWS.

           2.  Chlorine residuals should  be  checked daily.

           3.  A chlorine residual  of 0.1 to 0.2  ppm should be maintained at
               all times in the distribution system.
                                COMMENTS      1.   Water  purchased from San Juan Water District
                                              2.   Booster  chlorination should be installed if a chlorine
                                                  residual cannot be maintained.
                                              3.   A bacteriological surveillance program should be practiced
                                                  in accordance with the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*
-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE   Lake
NAME OF AREA   - Folsom                         PUMP     Unknown
NAME OF SUPPLY - Negro Bar                     STORAGE  Unknown
DATE OF SURVEY - u/um
TREATMENT  Unknown

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  2 samples taken in year prior  to  survey of water
                               treated by the San Juan Water  District.
                                                              STATE     CALIFORNIA
                                                              NAME OF AREA   Folsom
                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY -  Pennisula  Campground
                                                              OATE OF SURVEY 11/11/71
                                                              TREATMENT   -  Chlorination,  Filtration
                                                      REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY

                                                                               SOURCE  -  La1*
                                                                               PUMP      Submersible
                                                                               STORAGE    Ground  level  storage  tank
BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY
                             Good
                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE   None  on  record

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY      High standard plate count on day of survey.
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    None

     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED  None

OPERATION, CONTROL &  SANITARY DEFECTS N° chlorine residual found
                                                              CHEMICAL  QUALITY
                                                                   DWS  MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED     None

                                                                   DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   None

                                                              OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                     1  Chlorine residuals not  taken daily
                                                                     2.  A chlorine residual was found  in  the distribution system.
       1  Water purchased  from  San Juan Water District.
       2.  Booster chlorination  should be installed if a chlorine residual cannot
          be maintained.
       3.  A bacteriological  surveillance program should be practiced in accordance
          with the DWS.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                     1. A bacteriological  surveillance  program should be practiced in accordance
                                                                        with the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**    0 05

BORON (1.0)*    < 0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE (250)* < 5.0

CHROMIUM (.05)**  °-°°

COBALT            0 00

COLOR (15 s.u.
COPPER (1.0)*   0.006

CYANIDE (0.01)*   °-000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     0.052

LEAD (0.05)**   °-016

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  °-010

MANGANESE (0.05)* °-°°

MERCURY <0.0005
NITRATE (45)*  0.1

pH             7.2

SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.001

SILVER (0.05)**   °-°°

SULFATE (250)*    5-2

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*
0.78
                                                               ZINC (5.0)*  0.027
                                NICKEL  °-00
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  <0.05

BORON  (1.0)*
       (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE  (250)* ^10

CHROMIUM  (.05)**   0.00

COBALT            0 00

COLOR  (15  s.u.)*    5

• BECOWEHDED HSIt   "»AHOAT r[« LIIH WlLtJJ OTHtOISC KOIED.
S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

200
48
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION in.
COLIFORM/100 ml

•<• 1
< 1
FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

< 1
< 1
S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

47,000
25

-------
                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE          CALIFORNIA                      SOURCE   Lake Amador
NAME OF AREA   Lake Amador                     PUMP     Power
NAME OF SUPPLY Lake Amador                     STORAGE  Large hydro pneumatic  tank
DATE OF SURVEY 11/10/71
TREATMENT      Filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  9 samples per year.

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        High standard plate count at time of survey;
     sampling  for  last year showed 33% having 3 or more positive tubes for coliform.

CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED     None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED  Manganese

OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS Chlorine residual was not maintained  in the
     distribution  system; records were negligible or not available.
                                                                                            REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                     STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE - Water is hauled from the
                                                                     NAME OF AREA  - Los Banos                       PUMP     San Uiis-O'Neil Pressure System
                                                                     NAME OF SUPPLY -  Large Campground              STOPAGE - Small steel tank
                                                                     DATE OF SURVEY -  11/15/71
                                                                     TREATMENT

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  -  None

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      Fecal  contamination found in water.
                                                                                                   High standard plate count.

                                                                     CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                          DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED - None

                                                                          DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                                                                     OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

                                                                             No chlorine residual  found  in  system
COMMENTS
     1.   Improvements should be made to maintain a chlorine residual of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm
     at  all points  in the distribution system; this should be regularly measured.

     2.   The rate of bacteriological sampling should be increased to twice per month.

     3.   Regular records should be kept for treatment operations, chlorine residual
     determinations, bacteriological results, etc.
                                                                     COMMENTS
                                                                             1.   Due to the  many  possible avenues of contamination, the chlorine residual
                                                                                 should be kept up  and  checked daily.
                                                                             2.   Care should be taken in the transport of the water.  The source of
                                                                                 the water must be  safe.
                                                                             3.   A bacteriological  surveillance program should be instituted in accordance
                                                                                 with the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.0005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5-0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•x 0.05
0.169
0.00
•e. 5.0
0.00
0.00

15
OkTORY UU1T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0 2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2 4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*

NICKEL
0.012
0.0
—
0.13
0.00
0.030


0.008
NITRATE (45)*
PH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*
0.3
7.3
0.004
0.00
17.8
144.5
)* i.o

0.048
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** <0.05
BORON (1.0)*<0.1
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00
CHLORIDE (250)* 21.5
CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.00
COBALT 0.00

COLOR (15 s.t,.)* 
-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE  CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE  Well
NAME OF AREA  -  Merle Collins                 PUMP - Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY - Campground                    STORAGE - Pressure tank
DATE OF SURVEY - 11/12/71
TREATMENT -' None

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE - 1 sample  taken  in year prior to survey

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      Good at time of  survey
                                                                                                                    REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                                                                              STATE   CALIFORNIA
                                                                                              NAME OF AREA  - Millerton
                                                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY - Dam Supply
                                                                                              PATE OF SURVEY - 11/15/71
                                                                                              TREATMENT  '-  Chlorination
                                                                                                                                             SOURCE  -  Lake
                                                                                                                                             pUMp    -  Type  unknown
                                                                                                                                             STORAGE -  Ground  level  storage tank
                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - Unknown

                                                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       Good at time of survey
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DUS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED  -  None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED  -  None

OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY  DEFECTS

       Well, pump, and pressure tanks  are  in  good  condition.
                                                                                              CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

                                                                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

                                                                                              OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

                                                                                                      Chlorine residual found  in distribution system.
COMMENTS
       Bacteriological surveillance program should  be increased to meet the DWS.
                                                                                              COMMENTS
                                                                                                      Bacteriological  surveillance should meet the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** < 0.05
BORON (1.0)* <0.1
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.006
CHLORIDE (250)* <5-0

CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.00

COBALT 0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*<5
•EECOSaEHOED LiaiT "BAmATOR* HUH
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
COPPER (1.0)* 0.025
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* °-°°
LEAD (0.05)** 0-051
M.B.A.S. (0.5)* °-010

MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.035

MERCURY < 0.0005

NICKEL 0.00 ,umM!
FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml COLIFORM/100
NITRATE (45)* <0.1
PH 7.5
SELENIUM (0.01)**<0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0.00
SULFATE (250)* 10.1
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)* 233-0

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 0.22

ZINC (5.0)* 0.071
A3E KtUimaS PER LITER UHIESS OTHER9ISE NOTED.
S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.
                                                                                              PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
                                                                                              ARSENIC (0.01)*   0.005
                                                                                                      (0.05)**
                                                                                              BARIUM (1.0)**    0.05

                                                                                              BORON (1.0)* T0.1
                                                                                                    (5.0)**
                                                                                              CADMIUM (0.01)**   0.00

                                                                                              CHLORIDE (250)*  < 5.0

                                                                                              CHROMIUM (.05)**  °-000

                                                                                              COBALT         0.00

                                                                                              COLOR (15 s.u.)*  <5
                                                                                                                              COPPER  (1.0)*  0.020

                                                                                                                              CYANIDE  (0.01)*   0.000
                                                                                                                                       (0.2)**
                                                                                                                              FLUORIDE (1.4 to
                                                                                                                                      2.4)**
                                                                                                                              IRON  (0.3)*    0.071

                                                                                                                              LEAD  (0.05)**  °'016

                                                                                                                              M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  0.013

                                                                                                                              MANGANESE  (0.05)*  0.011

                                                                                                                              MERCURY  <0.0005
                                                                                                                                                             NITRATE (45)*  0.5

                                                                                                                                                             pH     6.9

                                                                                                                                                             SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.001

                                                                                                                                                             SILVER (0.05)**   °-°°

                                                                                                                                                             SULFATE (250)*   1.2

                                                                                                                                                             TOTAL DISSOLVED
                                                                                                                                                             SOLIDS (500)*   50.5

                                                                                                                                                             TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  2.2

                                                                                                                                                             ZINC (5.0)*  °-092
•EECOSaEHOED Liail •
BACTERIOLOGICAL
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION #2
•utautm LIUII NICKEL u.u
RESULTS
COLIFORM/100 ml

£. 1
*L 1
ALL VALUES A3E HtUIGflJUS PER
FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

^ 1
^ 1
LITER UHIESS DTHEFOISE WOTED.
S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

180
19
•RECOSSEHOEU LltMT ••UAKOATORV LIU
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION #2
IT musti. «•"'
COLIFORM/100 ml

^ 1
1

FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

•^ 1
•c. 1

S.P.C./nl
35° C - 48 hr.

150
3
                                                                                            72

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE  - Lake
NAME OF AREA  -  Millerton                       pUMp   . Submersible
NAME OF SUPPLY  -  Ft-  Miller                    STORAGE  - Ground level concrete tank
PATE OF SURVEY  -  11/16/71
TREATMENT  - Chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE -  Unknown

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY -  High  standard  plate count at time of survey
                                                                                                                     REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                                                                                                                         BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                                                               STATE   CALIFORNIA
                                                                                               NAME Of AREA - Millerton
                                                                                               NAME OF SUPPLY - Meadow
                                                                                               DATE OF SURVEY 11/16/71
                                                                                               TREATMENT - Chlorination
                                               SOURCE -  Lake
                                               PUMP  -  Submersible
                                               STORAGE ~ Ground  level concrete tank
                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE -  Unknown

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY  -  High standard  plate count at  time of survey
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  -  None

     'DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - Turbidity,  Iron,  ?inc

OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

        Chlorinator was  turned off at time of survey.  No chlorine residual found,
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED  - None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

        No  chlorine residual found in distribution system.
COMMENTS
        Chlorine  residuals should be checked daily.
        Bacteriological  surveillance should meet the DWS.
        A chlorine  residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should be maintained at all
        times in  the  distribution system.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
               1.  Chlorine residual should be checked daily

               2.  Bacteriological surveillance should meet the DWS.


               3.  A chlorine residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should be maintained
                  at all times in the distribution system.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* 0.016
(0.05)-**
BARIUM (1.0)** 0.08
BORON (1.0)* < 0.1
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.007
CHLORIDE (250)* <5.0
CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.007
COBALT 0.0
COLOR (15 S.u.)* 15
• PECO^iEHOEO UUIT ••VlttOlTORV UH1T
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
COPPER (1,0)* 0.068
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* 4'3
LEAD (0.05)** 0'16
M.B.A.S. (0.5)* 0,017
MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.069
MERCURY* 0.0005

FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml COLIFORM/100
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
hi CTBI RIITI ON #?

1 1
1 1
NITRATE (45)* 1.1
pH 6.7
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.001
SILVER (0.05)** °-°°
SULFATE (250)* 2.1
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)* 45.0
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 5.7
ZINC (S.OH 18-3

S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.

63,000
200
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** < 0.05
BORON (1.0)* < 0.1
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00
CHLORIDE (250)* <5.0
CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.00
COBALT 0.00
COLOR (15 s.u.)*<5

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
COPPER (1.0)* 0.027
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* °-081
LEAD (0.05)** °-°l6
M.B.A.S. (0.5)* °-013
MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.004
MERCURY < 0.0005

FECAL
COL1FORH/100 ml COLIFORM/100
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION #2
12 14
< 1 ^ 1
< i <: i
NITRATE (45)* 0,3
pH 6.9
SELENIUM (0.01)**^0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0-°°3
SULFATE (250)* < 1.0
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)* 47.0
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 1.0
ZINC (5.0)* 0.37

S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.
890
220
5,100
                                                                                            73

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER  SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA                             SOURCE  - Water Is hauled from  the
NAME OF AREA -  O'Neil                          pUHj>      San Luis O'Neil Pressure System
NAME OF SUPPLY  -  Campground                    STORAGE - Small Steel   Tank
DATE OF SURVEY  -  11/15/72
TREATMENT   -

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - None

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      Good at time o£ survey
                                                                                    REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                        BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                                              STATE  CALIFORNIA
                                                              NAME OF AREA -  Red  Bluff
                                                              NAME OF SUPPLY Campground
                                                              PATE OF SURVEY 11/11/71
                                                              TREATMENT - None
                                                                              SOURCE Well
                                                                              PUMP   Jet pump
                                                                              STORAGE - Pressure tank
                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  1 sample collected in past  year

                                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY     Good
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED  - None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS

        No  chlorine residual found  in system
                                                              CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    None

                                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  None

                                                              OPERATION,  CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS
               1.   Due to the  many  possible avenues of contamination, the chlorine
                   residual  should  be kept up and checked daily.

               2.   Care should be taken  in the  transport of the water.  The source  of
                   the water must be safe.

               3.   A bacteriological surveillance program should be instituted in
                   accordance  with  the DWS.
                                                              COMMENTS
                                                                     1. Should collect samples for bacteriological examination at the rate
                                                                       specified in the DWS.
                                                                     2. Should install chlorination equipment and maintain a chlorine residual
                                                                       throughout the system.
                                                                     3. The well and distribution system were properly constructed and well maintained.
PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* •£ 0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**   <0.05

BORON (1.0)*  <0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**   0.00

CHLORIDE  (250)*    17-7

CHROMIUM  (.05)**  0-00

COBALT      0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)* <5
COPPER (1.0)*    0-010

CYANIDE (0.01)*   0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     °-011

LEAD (0.05)**   °-°°

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*    °-026

MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-°°

MERCURY ^0.0005
NITRATE (45)*   1.2

pH    7.S

SELENIUM (0.01)**<0.001

SILVER (0.05)**   0.006

SULFATE (250)*   56.0

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*   270.0

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  0.55
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*<0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  <0  05

BORON (1.0)*      0.218
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE  (250)*   <5.0

CHROMIUM  (.05)**    0.00

COBALT            0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*  8
COPPER (1.0)*   0.008

CYANIDE (0.01)*  0.0
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*     0.080

LEAD (0.05)**   °-00

M.B.A.S. (0.5)*  0.013

MANGANESE  (0.05)*  °-004

MERCURY   0-0022

NICKEL   °-003
NITRATE (45)*   0.2

pH         6.9

SELENIUM (0.01)**  0.002

SILVER (0.05)**   0.00

SULFATE (250)*   3.7

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*   94-5

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  4.7

ZINC (5.0)*    o.093
•RECOSaEHOEU LIUIT ••HAHOATORY LIUlT NICKEL O.C
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
COL 1 FORM/1 00 ml
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1 1
DISTRIBUTION in
ALL VALUES A3E NILLI6RJ
FECAL
COL I FORM/ 100 ml

< 1

US PER LITER UNLESS OTHERWISE NO]
S.P.C./ml
35" C - 48 hr.

600

£„ •RECOSHEHOEO LIUII ••B»H{UTO»Y IIU17 HltNtL
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
COLIFORM/100 ml
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION il\ *• 1
DISTRIBUTION f/2 < l

FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

•* 1
•C 1

S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

640
780

-------
                                               SOURCE  -
                                               PUMP  -  No  pump at  source
                                               STORAGE  -  Pressure tank
                       REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF  RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA  San Luis
NAME OF SUPPLY - Pressure  System
BATE OF SURVEY  11/15/71
TREATMENT  - Coagulation,  floculation,  setting,  filtration, chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - 32  samples/year

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY
                                                                                           REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL  WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                               BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                                                     STATE              CALIFORNIA                  SOURCE  Springs
                                                                     NAME OF AREA       S1V Park Dam                PUMP    PoweT
                                                                     NAME OF SUPPLY     Campground #1              STORAGE 4'°°° Sal
                                                                     PATE OF SURVEY     11/12/71
                                                                     TREATMENT          None at time  of survey; chlorination in the summer

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  6  per year

                                                                     BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       High standard plate count
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED  - None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS  EXCEEDED - None

OPERATION, CONTROL 6 SANITARY  DEFECTS

       No chlorine residual found
                                                                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                                                     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                                                                                                                       None
                                                                                                     DWS  RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   Zinc

                                                                                               OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS

                                                                                                   The springs were inadequately protected;  records were inadequate.
 COMMENTS

        The system is in good condition

        A chlorine residual of 0.1 to 0.2 ppm should be maintained at all
        times in the distribution system.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                                                   1.   This system should be chlorinated at all times.
                                                                                                   2.  The bacteriological sampling rate should  be  increased  to twice a month.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC  (0.01)* <0.005
         (0.05)**
BARIUM  (1.0)**  ^ 0.05

BORON  (1.0)*<0.1
       (5.0)**
CADMIUM  (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE  (250)*  17.8

CHROMIUM  (.05)**  0.00

COBALT         0.00

COLOR  (15  s.u.)*<5

• EtECOlmHOEO UUIT   *'UfcmiHTO«Y UlIU
       COPPER (1.0)*  0.009

       CYANIDE (0.01)*  0.000
               (0.2)**
       FLUORIDE (1.4 to
               2.4)**
       IRON (0.3)*    0.011

       LEAD (0.05)**  0.017

       M.B.A.S. (0.5)*   0.013

       MANGANESE  (0.05)*  0.006

       MERCURY^ 0.0005

       NICKEL  0.00
                                                               NITRATE (45)*   1.4

                                                               pH    7.7

                                                               SELENIUM (0.01)***0.001

                                                               SILVER (0.05)**   0.006

                                                               SULFATE (250)*  45.0

                                                               TOTAL DISSOLVED
                                                               SOLIDS (500)*  240.5

                                                               TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)*  °-59
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION ff\

DISTRIBUTION itZ
          ZINC (5.0)*   0.016
MA VM.IHI m • luiciuus n« uua umm OTHEHJUSE HDUO.
COLIFORM/100 ml

    100



  < 1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                  < 1
                    S.P.C./rol
                   35° C - 48 hr.
                        1,800

                           36

                           90
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** 
-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE            CALIFORNIA                    cniiDrF    ...
alrtlt                                          SOURCE   Jenkinson Reservoir
NAME OF AREA     Sly Park Dam                  PUMP     Power
NAME OF SUPPLY   Diamond Springs Main          STORAGE  Unknown but large
DATE OF SURVEY   11/12/71
TREATMENT        Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE 34 samples  per year
BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY
                              Review of  annual results indicate that coliform
                              limits were  exceeded on two months (3/71 and 4/71).
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED    None

     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS EXCEEDED  N°ne

OPERATION, CONTROL  &  SANITARY DEFECTS Chlorine residual was not maintained to all
                                       points  in  the distribution system.
                      REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                          BUREAU OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                               SOURCE  Jenkinson Reservoir
                                               pUHj»    Power
                                               STORAGE Unknown but large
STATE          CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA   Sly Park Dam
NAME OF SUPPLY E1 Dorado Main
DATE OF SURVEY 11/11/71
TREATMENT      Chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE    37  samples/year

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY         H18h  standard plate count; review of annual records
    shows that coliform limits were exceeded for one month (10/70)
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED

OPERATION, CONTROL t SANITARY DEFECTS
    all points in the distribution system.
                                         None

                                         None

                                         Chlorine residual was not maintained at
COMMENTS
    1.  Improvements should be instituted  to assure maintenance of chlorine residual
    of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm to all points  in  the  distribution system (with regular checking).

    2.  Estimated populations  of  the service area  (8,000) would call for bacteriological

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA COPPER (1 0)*
ARSENIC (0.01)* < Q.003
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** ^
BORON (1.0)* <
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)* <
CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•PECOHSEHOED LIHIT ••HAH0ATO
CYANIDE (0.01)*
0.05 (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
0-1 2. it)**
0 Q0 IRON (0.3)*
5 Q LEAD (0.05)**
0.00 H.B.A.S. (0.5)*
Q 00 MANGANESE (0.05)*
*
8 MERCURY

„, 11U1I NICKEL
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
0.015
0.000

0.00
0.00
0.030
0.00

0.0006

0.00
FECAL
COL1FORH/100 ml COLIFORM/100
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #\
DISTRIBUTION ifi
2,000
< 1
<1
1,800
*. 1
<1
NITRATE (45)* 0.4
pH 6.9
SELENIUM (0.01)** £.0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0.00
SULFATE (250)* 1.5
TOTAL DISSOLVED 70.6
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 3-6

ZINC (5.0)* °-020

S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.
22,000
19
24
COMMENTS
    1.  Improvements should be instituted  to assure maintenance of chlorine
    residuals of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm to  all  parts of  the distribution system  (with regular
    checking).

    2.  Estimated population of the service area  (8,000) excluding town of Placerville
    would call for a bacteriological sampling frequency of 9 per month  (108/yr);
    this would require an increase in rate.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
< 0.05
< 0.1
0.00
< 5.0
0.00
0.00

8
•RECOJHEHDED iisii "sAmiAToin inn
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY

NICKEL
0.037
0.000
—
0.00
0.013
0.020
Om H
. uj.o
Onnfi
. UUD
0. 00

NITRATE (45)* 0.9
pH 8.7
SELENIUM (O.Ol)**^ 0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0.00
SULFATE (250)* ^1-°
TOTAL DISSOLVED 74'5
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*1'6

ZINC (5.0)* 0.12

                                                                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



                                                                                               RAW WATER

                                                                                               DISTRIBUTION #1

                                                                                               DISTRIBUTION ff2
                         COLIFORM/100  ml

                              < 1

                              < 1

                                1
                                                    FECAL
                                                COLIFORM/100 ml
                                                   <: i
                                                   < i

                                                   < i
 S.P.C./ml
35"C - 48 hr.

   120

 2,900

     1
                                                                                            76

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE          CALIFORNIA                      SOURCE  American River,  Jenkinson Reservoir
NAME OF AREA   Sly Park Dam                    PUMP    Power
NAME OF SUPPLY PQE El Dorado Canal             STORAGE Unknown but large
PATE OF SURVEY 11/11/71
TREATMENT      Coagulation, Sedimentation, and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE  23 samples per year.

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY        H18n standard plate count; review of annual results
   indicates  that coliform limits were exceeded for two months (10/70 and  7/71).

CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DUS MANDATORY  LIMITS  EXCEEDED    None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  None

OPERATION, CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS Chlorine residual was not maintained to all
   points in  the  system.
                                                                     REPORT OH  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                         BUREAU.OF RECLAMATION  STUDY
                                               STATE           CALIFORNIA                      SOURCE  Jenkinson Reservoir
                                               NAME OF  AREA   Sly Park Dam                    PUM?    Power
                                               NAME OF  SUPPLY Saxby Residence-Campground      STORAGE  5,000 gal
                                               BATE OF  SURVEY 11/11/71
                                               TREATMENT      None

                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  5 samples per year

                                               BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       Coliform. fecal coliform,  and high standard  plate count.


                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                   DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED     N°ne

                                                   DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED   None

                                               OPERATION,  CONTROL t SANITARY DEFECTS  Use of a surface water with no  chlorination
                                                                                      or other treatment.
COMMENTS
   1.   Improvements should be instituted to assure maintenance of chlorine residuals
   of 0..1 - 0.2 pptn to all parts of the distribution system (with regular checking).

   2.   Estimated population of the service area (4,000) would call for bacteriological
   sampling frequency of 4 per month  (48/yr); this would require an increase in rate.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                  1.  This water supply should be chlorinated to a residual of  0.1  -  0.2  ppm
                                                  in the distribution system.

                                                  2,  The rate of bacteriological sampling should be increased  to twice per month.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* ^0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5-0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*

CHROMIUM (.05)**

COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
<. 0.05
< 0.1
0.00
•£ 5.0

0.00

0.00

<' 5
• PECO'JSEHOED LIHIT ••HAWATORY LIMIT
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*

MANGANESE (0.05)*

MERCURY

NICKEL
0.013
0.000
"
0.016
0.00
0.013

0. 00
•t 0.0005

0.00
ALL VALUES ME
NITRATE (45)*
pH
SELENIUM (0.01)**
SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*
VILLieRAUS flu LITER UHUSS
0.3
7.1
<. 0.001
0.00
^ 1.0
51.0


)* 0-5

0.008
OTH£«JISe NOTED.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION  #\

DISTRIBUTION  #2
                          COL I FORM/100 ml

                                62

                               < 1

                               •£ 1
    FECAL
COL I FORM/100 ml

     60

   <£ 1

   < 1
 S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.

   1,500

      50

   1,600
                                                                                               PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL DATA
                                                                                               ARSENIC (0.01)*    < 0.005
                                                                                                       (0.05)**
                                                                                               BARIUM  (1.0)**
                                                                                               BORON  (1.0)*
                                                                                                      (5.0)**
                                                                                               CADMIUM  (0.01)**
                                                                  •*. 0.05

                                                                  ^ 0.1

                                                                    0.00

                                               CHLORIDE (250)*    •*• 5.0

                                               CHROMIUM (.05)**

                                               COBALT

                                               COLOR (15 s.u.)*     8

                                               •P.ECOyUEHOEO LIMIT  *«BAW)ATOR» LIIHT
                                                                                                                     0.00


                                                                                                                     0.00
                                                       COPPER (1.0)*

                                                       CYANIDE (0.01)*
                                                               (0.2)**
                                                       FLUORIDE (1.4 to
                                                               2.4)**
                                                       IRON (0.3)*

                                                       LEAD (0.05)**

                                                       M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
0.020

0.000



0.016

0.00

0.013
                                                       MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-046

                                                       MERCURY            °-0007
                                                                                                                                NICKEL
                                                                                                                                                   0.006
NITRATE (45)*      ^ o.l

pH                   6.8

SELENIUM  (0.01)**  < 0.001

SILVER (0.05)**      0.00

SULFATE (250)*    <  1.0

TOTAL DISSOLVED     50.0
SOLIDS (500)*

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  1-2

ZINC (5.0)*          °-008
                                                                                                                                                                                OTHEMISE vorfp.
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION in
COLIFORH/100 ml



       1

    <  1
                                                                                                                                                   FECAL
                                                                                                                                               COLIFORM/100 ml
   1

 < 1
                     S.P.C./ml
                    35" C - 48  hr.
          2,372

            370

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE   CALIFORNIA
NAME OF AREA    Stony Gorge
NAME OF SUPPLY  Campground
DATE OF SURVEY  11/10/71
TREATMENT  None
                 SOURCE   Well
                 PUMP     Jet pump
                 STORAGE  Ground level  storage  tank
BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  Random sampling by County Health Dept. (1 in past year)
                             does not meet sampling frequency rate of DWS
BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY - High standard  plate  count.
       At the  time  of  survey, 1 sample contained coliform organising.  Bacteriological
       records showed  4  of  6  samples  in the past 3 years containing coliform organisms.
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    "one

     DWS RECOMMENDED  LIMITS  EXCEEDED  Total dissolved solids.

OPERATION, CONTROL ft  SANITARY  DEFECTS
       1. No  sanitary  well  seal
       2. Water shortages occur in the dry season.
                                                      REPORT ON  INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                          BUREAU OF  RECLAMATION STUDY
                                STATE  CALIFORNIA                              SOURCE - Well
                                NAME OF AREA - Woollomes                       PUMP   - Jet pump
                                NAME OF SUPPLY - Recreation Area               STORAGE  - Ground level  storage  and
                                DATE OF SURVEY - 11/16/71                                 pressure tank.
                                TREATMENT   - None

                                BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  - None

                                BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY - Good at time of survey


                                CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED - None

                                     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED - Nitrate

                                OPERATION, CONTROL £• SANITARY DEFECTS
COMMENTS  1.  The frequency of  bacteriological sampling should be increased to meet
             the DWS during the entire time  the system is operational.

          2.  Should seek an extra source of  supply to compensate for water shortages.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                               A bacteriological surveillance program should be practiced in
                                                                               accordance with the DWS.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL  DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* <0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** <0.05

BORON (1.0)*      0.580
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**  0.00

CHLORIDE (250)*   15.5

CHROMIUM (.05)**  ° °°

COBALT            0.00

COLOR (15 s.u.)*   <5

       D (.HIT  »'»AHCATOM LHII
  COPPER  (1.0)*  0.010

  CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.0
           (0.2)**
  FLUORIDE (1.4 to
           2.4)**
  IRON  (0.3)*    0.026

  LEAD  (0.05)**  °-00

  H.B.A.S.  (0.5)* ° 01°

  MANGANESE (0.05)* 0.040

< MERCURY   0.0005

  NICKEL  0.014
NITRATE (45)*   0.3

pH     7.6

SELENIUM  (0.01)** 0.004

SILVER (0.05)**    °-°°

SULFATE (250)*  188.0

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*     558,0

TURBIDITY  (5 s.u.)* 0.55

ZINC (5.0)*    0.085
PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)*-e 0.005
        (0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**  •* 0.05

BORON (1.0)* ^0.1
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**   0.00

CHLORIDE (250)*    U-5

CHROMIUM (.05)**   0.00

COBALT         0.00

COLOR (15  s.u.)* <5
                                                     us. mail «i »in isms rit tna UHUSI onanrsc mute.   •EECQgiimEc LHII  "»»no»Tom null
COPPER (1.0)*    0.023

CYANIDE (0.01)*    0.000
        (0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
        2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*      0.011

LEAD (0.05)**    0-017

H.B.A.S. (0.5)*  0.050

MANGANESE (0.05)*  0.00

MERCURY< 0.0005

NICKEL   0.00
NITRATE (45)*   *8.8

pH     7.9

SELENIUM  (0.01)**  0.002

SILVER (0.05)**   °-°°3

SULFATE (250)*   36.0

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*    308.0

TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*  0.17
                                                               ZINC  (5.0)*     0.18
                                                     tu. mats /at iiiuma; tu unti roiim CHEMISE noun.
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION //2
COLIFORH/IOO ml
< 1
5
FECAL
COLI FORM/1 00 ml
< 1
< 1
S.P.C./ml
35°C - 48 hr.
16,000
25,000
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION ff2
COLI FORM/1 00 ml
<: i
4. 1
FECAL
COLIFORH/IOO ml
^ 1
*. 1
S.P.C./ml
35° C - 48 hr.
130
570
                                                                                            78

-------
                      REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE             NEVADA                       SOURCE  Lake Mead
NAME OF AREA      Boulder City                 PUMP    Power
NAME OF SUPPLY    Boulder City                 STORAGE 4.0 MG
DATE OF SURVEY    11/16/71
TREATMENT         Coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE   76 finished and 75 raw water samples  in  a year.

BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY        No positive samples for either  raw or finished
     over the period of a year; and none in this field test.

CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED    "one

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  Total Dissolved Solids,  Sulfate

OPERATION,  CONTROL S. SANITARY DEFECTS
     Treatment records were adequate.  However,  no chlorine residual was
     found in the distribution system.
                                                                                         REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                                             BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDV
                                                                  STATE         ARIZONA                          SOURCE    Lake Mohave
                                                                  NAME OF AREA  Davis Dam                        PUMP      Power
                                                                  NAME OF SUPPLYD3"18 Dam                        STORAGE   265,000 gals.
                                                                  DATE OF SURVEY u/1?/?!
                                                                  TREATMENT     Chlorination

                                                                  BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  20 samples per year

                                                                  BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY        Annual results show  DWS  to have been exceeded in
                                                                      October 1970.   High standard plate count in inspection sampling.

                                                                  CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                                       DWS MANDATORY LIMITS  EXCEEDED    None

                                                                       DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  Total Dissolved  Solids,  Sulfate

                                                                  OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS chlorine residual  was  not maintained in
                                                                                                         the distribution system.
 COMMENTS
    1.  It is puzzling that no positive coliform results  have ever  been  found  in the
    raw water samples.  It is recommended that check samples  be run by the  State or
    local health department and/or review of bacteriological  techniques  be  conducted.

    2.  Improvements should be made to obtain a 0.1 - 0.2 ppm residual at all  parts of
    the distribution system and confirmed by regular measurements.
                                                                  COMMENTS
                                                                      1.  Improvements should be made to  maintain  chlorine residual of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm
                                                                      at all points in the distribution system;  this  should be regularly measured.

                                                                      2.  The bacteriological sampling rate  should be increased to two per month.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* ^0 005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** ^ 0.05
BORON (1.0)* ^01
(5-0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00
CHLORIDE (250)* 41.0
CHROMIUM (.05)** 0.00
COBALT 0.00
COLOR (15 s.u.)* *5
'uctsmana unit ••MHOMOCT LIIIU
COPPER (1.0)* 0.12 NITRATE (45)* 3.
CYANIDE (0.01)* 0.000 pH 7.
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to — SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)* 0.024 SILVER (0.05)** 0.
LEAD (0.05)** °-°° SULFATE (250)* 322.
H B A.S. (0.5)* 0.026 TOTAL DISSOLVED 802.
SOLIDS (500)*
MANGANESE (0.05)* °-00
^n nnns TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 0.
MERCURY ^0.0005
0.017 ZINC (5-0)* °"
NICKEL ,Ll VU.OH «E iiuisuai ni tu» men OIHOI
1
7
005
006
6
0
37
005
ISE KOItO.
 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS
 RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION  tl
 DISTRIBUTION 12
DISTRIBUTION  #3
                          COLIFORM/100 ml
*.  1
-£  1
•e.  1
•*.  1
                                                     FECAL
                                                 COLIFORM/100 ml
                       •£. 1
                                             S.P.C./ml
                                            35°C - 48 hr.

                                                 3
                                                11
                                                25
                                                                                               PHYSICAL AND  CHEMICAL DATA
                                                                                               ARSENIC (0.01)*     o.OOS
                                                                                                       (0.05)**
                                                                                               BARIUM (1.0)**   ^.o.OS
BORON (1.0)*
      (5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
                                                                                                                   0.1

                                                                                                                   0.00

                                                                                               CHLORIDE  (250)*    35.0

                                                                                               CHROMIUM  (.05)**    0-°°

                                                                                               COBALT              0.007

                                                                                               COLOR (15  s.u.)*  ^ 5

                                                                                               •pEtoasiHOEo unit  ••mi»»TO»Y uuli
       COPPER (1.0)*      0.005

       CYANIDE (0.01)*    0.00
               (0.2)**
       FLUORIDE (1.4 to   —
               2.4)**
       IRON (0.3)*        0.059

       LEAD (0.05)**      0.018

       M.B.A.S. (0.5)*    °-020

       MANGANESE (0.05)*  °-006

       MERCURY         •* °-0005

       NICKEL
                                                                                                                                 NITRATE (45)*      1.1

                                                                                                                                 pH                 7.6

                                                                                                                                 SELENIUM  (0.01)**  0.006

                                                                                                                                 SILVER (0.05)**    0.006

                                                                                                                                 SULFATE (250)*   335.0

                                                                                                                                 ToTAL DISSOLVED  818.0
                                                                                                                                 SOLIDS (500)*

                                                                                                                                 TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* 0.7
                                                                                                                     0 017
                                                                                                                      '»ii tmti
                                                                                                                                                              •iiiiMiat m tutu must umimst Holm.
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
COLIFORM/100 ml

     1

  <  1

  <  1
    FECAL
COLIFORH/IOO ml

    •*• 1

    *. 1

    *. 1
 S.P.C./nl
35°C - 48 hr.

   4,300

      33

   9,500

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE         NEVADA
NAME OF AREA  Hoover Dam
NAME OF SUPPLYHoover Dam
DATE OF SURVEY 11/16/71
TREATMENT     Chlorination
                                               SOURCE      Lake Mead
                                               PUMP        Power
                                               STORAGE     40,000 gals.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  SURVEILLANCE 20 samples/year;  analysis  by  Boulder City
                              treatment laboratory.
BACTERIOLOGICAL  QUALITY      No positive collform  results in  a year or in
                              the inspection sampling.

CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED   None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED Total Dissolved  Solids, Sulfate

OPERATION,  CONTROL S- SANITARY DEFECTS  1.  Chlorine residual was not maintained
     in  the  distribution system.  2.  Records were inadequate.
                                                                     REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                                                                         BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
                                              STATE           CALIFORNIA                      SOURCE     Well
                                              NAME OF AREA   Imperial Dam                    PUMP       Power
                                              NAME OF SUPPLY Camp System                     STORAGE    30,000  gals.
                                              DATE OF SURVEY 11/18/71
                                              TREATMENT      None

                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE Once per year

                                              BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY      No contamination noted in samples taken.
                                               CHEMICAL QUALITY
                                                    DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED

                                                    DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED
                                                                                                                                      None

                                                                                                                                      Sulfate,  Total  Dissolved  Solids
                                                                                              OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS
                                                                                                   Well  appears to be adequately protected;
COMMENTS
    1.  Improvements should be made to maintain a chlorine residual of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm
    at all points in the distribution system;  this should be regularly measured.
    2.  Samples should be increased to two per month.  The bacteriological analytical
    procedure should be reviewed and double checked by the State or local health
    laboratory as mentioned in the Boulder City summary  sheet.
                                                                                               COMMENTS
                                                                                                   1.   Levels of TDS and sulfate appear to indicate that the well water  come
                                                                                                   principally from the Colorado River.

                                                                                                   2.   Bacteriological sampling should be increased to twice per month.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* -£0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**

BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*

< 0.05

< 0.1
0.003
41.0
0.00
0.007

^5
•RECOMEHOED IISII ••I1H01TDIIV IIU1T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY "^

NICKEL
0.013
0.000

—

0.060
0.018
0.026
0.006
0.0005
0 017
. . lit VM.UU ME
NITRATE (45)*
PH

SELENIUM (0.01)**

SILVER (0.05)**
SULFATE (250)*
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.

ZINC (5.0)*

3.0
7.6

0.006

0.006
322.6

775.6

)*°.4

0.061

BACTERIOLOGICAL  RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION ffi
                         COLIFORM/100 ml

                               10

                              •£ 1

                              -£ 1
    FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml

   <£ 1

   •e. l

   < l
 S.P.C./ml
35" C - 48 hr.

    420

     25

     40
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* < o.OOS
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)**
BORON (1.0)*
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)**
CHLORIDE (250)*
CHROMIUM (.05)**
COBALT

COLOR (15 s.u.)*
•BECOS3EHOED nail "BAB
0.09
0.131
0.002
92.0
0.00
0.012

"*5
OATORY IIU1T
COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY *

NICKEL
0.019
0.000
—
0.048
0.018
0.013
Onnfi
. uuo
0 . 0005

0 021

NITRATE (45)* 1.3
PH 7.7
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.004
SILVER (0.05)** 0.003
SULFATE (250)* 430.0

TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS (500)* 1128.5
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)*°-26

ZINC (5.0)* °.°07

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS



RAW WATER

DISTRIBUTION #\

DISTRIBUTION #2
COL I FORM/100 ml



     •< 1

     < 1
                                                                                                                                                  FECAL
                                                                                                                                              COLIFORM/100 ml
•£.  1

<  1
                                                S.P.C./ml
                                               35° C - 48 hr.
 9

73

-------
                       REPORT ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE         CALIFORNIA                       SOURCE    Well
NAME OF AREA  Imperial Dam                     Pmp      Power
NAME OF SUPPLY Imperial Dam                     STORAGE   50»000 sals.
PATE OF SURVEY11/18/71
TREATMENT  '   Chlorinatlon

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE One  sample per year

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       High standard plate count, conforms and fecal collform
                      REPORT  ON INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLIES
                           BUREAU OF RECLAMATION STUDY
STATE          CALIFORNIA                      SOURCE   Lake  Havasu
NAME OF AREA   Parker Dam                      PUMP     Power
NAME OF SUPPLY Parker Dam                      STORAGE  500,000  gals.
PATE OF SURVEY 11/17/71
TREATMENT      Add coagulants, filtration and chlorination

BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE  3 samples per year

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY       No contamination shown
 CHEMICAL QUALITY
      DWS MANDATORY LIMITS EXCEEDED   None

      DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED Total Dissolved Solids, Sulfate,
                                      Zinc, Turbidity
 OPERATION, CONTROL & SANITARY DEFECTS  1-  Chlorine residual was not maintaine
     in  the distribution system.   2.   Inadequate records.
CHEMICAL QUALITY
     DWS MANDATORY  LIMITS EXCEEDED    None

     DWS RECOMMENDED LIMITS EXCEEDED  Total Dissolved  Solids,  Sulfate

OPERATION,  CONTROL  & SANITARY DEFECTS No chlorine  residual  found near treatment
    point or in the distribution system;  records  were negligible or not available.
 COMMENTS
     1.  Improvements should be made to maintain chlorine residual of 0,1 - 0.2 ppm
     at all points in the distribution system;  this  should be regularly measured.

     2.  The rate of bacteriological sampling should be  increased to twice per month.
 COMMENTS
    1.   Improvements should be made to maintain a  chlorine residual of 0.1 - 0.2 ppm
    at all points in the distribution system;  this should be regularly measured.

    2.   The rate of bacteriological sampling should be  increased to twice per month.
3. Regular records should be kept for chlorination, chlorine residual
measurements, bacterial
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* ^ 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** 0.10
BORON (1.0)* 0.128
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.006
CHLORIDE (250)* 56.0
CHROMIUM (.05)** °-°°
COBALT °-010
COLOR (15 s.u.)* 8
results, etc.
COPPER (1 .0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY
NICKEL

0.040
0.000
0.52
0.095
0.028
0.78
0.0005

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS FECAL
COLIFORM/100 ml COLIFORM/100
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1

DISTRIBUTION #2
*1
< 1

2
^ 1
"^ 1



NITRATE (45)* 1.4
pM 7.5
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.001
SILVER (0.05)** 0.006
^JLFATF MqoW- 425.0

SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* lil
ZINC (5.0)* -^1
S.P.C./ml
ml 35" C - 48 hr.
230
26,000


3. Regular r
measurements,

bacterial results, etc.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
ARSENIC (0.01)* ^ 0.005
(0.05)**
BARIUM (1.0)** -C 0.05
BORON (1.0)* •*. 0.1
(5.0)**
CADMIUM (0.01)** 0.00
CHLORIDE (250)* 54.0
CHROMIUM (.05)** °-°°
COBALT °-°°
COLOR (15 s.u.)* •* 5
BACTERIOLOGICAL
RAW WATER
DISTRIBUTION #1
DISTRIBUTION ifi


COPPER (1.0)*
CYANIDE (0.01)*
(0.2)**
FLUORIDE (1.4 to
2.4)**
IRON (0.3)*
LEAD (0.05)**
M.B.A.S. (0.5)*
MANGANESE (0.05)*
MERCURY ^
NICKEL
operation

0.019
0.000
0.025
0.00
0.028
0.00
0.0005
, chlorine residual

NITRATE (45)* 1.5
pH 7.8
SELENIUM (0.01)** 0.004
SILVER (0.05)** 0.00
SULFATE (250)* 350.0
TOTAL DISSOLVED 811.5
SOLIDS (500)*
TURBIDITY (5 s.u.)* o 73
0.015 Z'NC (5-0)* »•"
RESULTS FECAL
COL 1 FORM/ 100 ml COLIFORM/100
*
•*•
<

1
1
1

•^ 1
-£ 1
^ j

S.P.C./ml
ml 35° C - 48 hr.
2,200
340
77


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