ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY


            OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
                    REPORT ON
      WATER QUALITY  INVESTIGATIONS IN THE


       SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN,COLORADO


                    1971-72
t

•
                           ,
                          m m  P
NATIONAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS CENTER-DENVER
                      AND
         REGION
 DENVER. COLORADO
                    JUNE 1972
                                         C.EA

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       ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY




            OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
                  Report on








     WATER QUALITY INVESTIGATIONS IN THE




     SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLORADO




                  1971 - 72
NATIONAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS CENTER - DENVER




                     and




        REGION VIII DENVER, COLORADO







                  June 1972

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                   Page
LIST OF APPENDICES	      ii

LIST OF FIGURES	     ill

LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES	      vi

GLOSSARY OF TERMS	      xi

I.   INTRODUCTION	       1

     A.  Studies Prior to 1970	       1
     B.  Water Quality Investigations 1971-72 	       2

II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS	       5

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA	      17

     A.  Physical Description 	      17
     B.  Climate	      20
     C.  Hydrology	      21
     D.  Population and the Economy	      22

IV.  STREAM SURVEYS	      25

     A.  Bear Creek	      25
     B.  Clear Creek	      26
     C.  Boulder Creek	      28
     D.  St. Vrain. Creek	      30

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)   	      30
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      32

     E.  Little Thompson River  	      33

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)   	      33
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      35

     F.  Big Thompson River	      36

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)	      36
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      38

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                   Page
LIST OF APPENDICES	      ii

LIST OF FIGURES	     ill

LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES	      vi

GLOSSARY OF TERMS .,	      xi

I.   INTRODUCTION „	       1

     A.  Studies Prior to 1970	       1
     B.  Water Quality Investigations 1971-72 	       2

II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS  	       5

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA	      17

     A.  Physical Description 	      17
     B.  Climate	      20
     C.  Hydrology	      21
     D.  Population and the Economy	      22

IV.  STREAM SURVEYS	      25

     A.  Bear Creek	      25
     B.  Clear Creek	      26
     C.  Boulder Creek	      28
     D.  St. Vrain. Creek	      30

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)  	      30
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      32

     E.  Little Thompson River  	      33

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)  	      33
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      35

     F.  Big Thompson River	      36

              Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)	      36
              Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)  	      38

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                    TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
     G.  Cache la Poudre River  	

              Summer Survey (September 13-16, 1971)  .  .  .  .
              Fall Survey (December 6, 7 and 13-15,  1971)  .

     H.  South Platte River 	

              Summer Survey (August 30-September 6,  1971)  .
              Fall Survey (November-December 1971)  ....

VI.  WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS 	

     A.  South Platte River and Tributaries - Waterton
              to Platteville  	
     B.  St. Vrain Creek Basin  	
     C.  Big Thompson River Basin 	
     D.  Cache la Poudre River Basin  	
     E.  South Platte River - Fort Morgan to the
              State Line  	

REFERENCES	

APPENDICES

     A         WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR
                 COLORADO AND NEBRASKA
     B

     C

     D


     E

     F

     G

     H

     I
LIST OF STREAM STATIONS

STUDY METHODS

CHEMICAL AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS
  FOR STREAM SURVEYS

BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS

AQUATIC GROWTHS

BENTHOS

FISH

DATA FOR WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                                    Page

                                                      39

                                                      39
                                                      42

                                                      45

                                                      45
                                                      54

                                                      65
                                                      65
                                                      69
                                                      70
                                                      71

                                                      72

                                                      73
A-l


B-l

C-l

D-l


E-l

F-l

G-l

H-l

1-1
                                  ii

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                           LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No.                      Title                         Follows Page

     1              Location Map Water Quality
                      Investigation,  South Platte
                      River Basin 1971                              18

     2              Sampling Location - South
                      Platte River Basin Water
                      Quality Investigations,
                      Waterton to Henderson (1971)                   26

     3              Sampling Locations - South
                      Platte River Basin Water
                      Quality Investigations,
                      Henderson to Kersey (1971)                     26

     4              Sampling Locations - South Platte
                      River Basin Water Quality
                      Investigations, Weldona to
                      Nebraska State  Line (1971)                     26

     5              Bacterial Densities, Bear Creek,
                      Colorado August-September 1971                 26

     6              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates, Bear  Creek, Colorado
                      September 1971                                 26

     7              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates Clear  Creek, Colorado
                      September 1971                                 26

     8              Bacterial Densities, Clear Creek
                      Colorado August-September 1971                 28

     9              Bacterial Densities, Boulder
                      Creek, Colorado September 1971                 28

    10              Populations of Benthic Inverte-
                      brates St. Vrain and Boulder
                      Creeks, Colorado September  1971               30

    11              Bacterial Densities, St.  Vrain
                      Creek, Colorado September 1971                 32
                                 iii

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                     LIST OF FIGURES (continued)
Figure No.                      Title                         Follows Page

    12              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates, Big Thompson and
                      Little Thompson Rivers,
                      Colorado September 1971                       34

    13              Bacterial Densities, Little
                      Thompson River, Colorado
                      September 1971                                34

    14              Bacterial Densities, Big
                      Thompson River, Colorado
                      September 1971                                38

    15              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates, Cache la Poudre
                      River, Colorado September 1971                40

    16              Bacterial Densities, Cache la
                      Poudre River, Colorado
                      September 1971                                42

    17              Attached Algae (chlorophyll a)
                      Cache la Poudre River,
                      Colorado 1966 and 1971                        42
                                            2
    18              Attached Algae (cells/in )
                      Cache la Poudre River,
                      Colorado 1966 and 1971                        42

    19              Fish Populations, Cache la
                      Poudre River, Colorado
                      1966 and 1971                                 42

    20              Periphyton from Glass-Slide
                      Substrates - Cache la Poudre
                      River at Greeley, Colorado
                      November 1971                                 44

    21              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates, South Platte River
                      (Waterton to Brighton)                        46
                                  iv

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                     LIST OF FIGURES (continued)
Figure No.                      Title                         Follows Page

    22              Benthos and Suspended Solids,
                      Waterton to Bowles Avenue,
                      South Platte River, Colorado
                      1966 and 1971                                 46

    23              Fish Populations and Suspended
                      Solids,  Waterton to Bowles
                      Avenue,  South Platte River,
                      Colorado 1966 and 1971                        46

    24              Bacterial  Densities, South Platte
                      River from Water to Kersey,
                      Colorado September 1971                       50

    25              Populations of Benthic Inver-
                      tebrates South Platte River
                      (Brighton to Kersey)                          52

    26              Periphyton from Glass-Slide
                      Substrates, South Platte
                      River at Brighton, Colorado
                      November 1971                                 56


    27              Extracted  Chlorophyll a-Volatile
                      Solids Ratio from Glass-Slide
                      Substrates - South Platte
                      River at Brighton, Colorado
                      November 1971                                 56

    28              Periphyton from Glass-Slide Sub-
                      strates  - South Platte River
                      at Fort  Morgan, Colorado
                      November 1971                                 60

    29              Periphyton from Glass-Slide Sub-
                      strates  - South Platte River
                      at Sterling, Colorado November 1971           60

    30              Periphyton from Glass-Slide Sub-
                      strates  - South Platte River,
                      Colorado-Nebraska State Line
                      November 1971                                 62

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                      LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES
Table No.                       Title                             Page

  A-l          Stream Classifications, South Platte
                 River Basin, Colorado                            A-13

  B-l          Stream Sampling Locations in the
                 South Platte River Basin, 1971                   B-l

  D-l          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data for Stream Surveys
                 on Tributaries in the Denver Metro-
                 politan Area - Bear Creek, Cherry
                 Creek, Sand Creek, and Clear Creek
                 August 30-September 2, 1971                      D-l

  D-2          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on St. Vrain and Boulder Creeks
                 September 7-10, 1971                             D-2

  D-3          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on St. Vrain Creek, December 6-10, 1971          D-3

  D-A          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on the Big and Little Thompson
                 Rivers, September 7-10, 1971                     D-4

  D-5          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on the Big and Little Thompson
                 Rivers, December 6-10, 1971                      D-5

  D-6          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on the Cache la Poudre River,
                 September 13-16, 1971                            D-6

  D-7          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Chemical Data at Selected Stations
                 on the Cache la Poudre River
                 December 6-7, and 13-15, 1971                    D-7
                                  vi

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                LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (continued)


Table No.                       Title

  E-5          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 at Selected Stations on the Big
                 and Little Thompson Rivers,
                 December 6-10, 1971                              E-8

  E-6          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 at Selected Stations on the Cache
                 la Poudre River, December 6-7 and
                 13-15, 1971                                      E-9

  E-7          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 at Selected Stations on the South
                 Platte River, November 17-21, 1971               E-10

  E-8          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses at
                 Selected Stations on the South Platte
                 River from Brighton Downstream to
                 Kersey, December 6-15, 1971                      E-ll

  E-9          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses at
                 Selected Stations on the South Platte
                 River from Upstream of Ft. Morgan to
                 1-80 Bridge in Nebraska, November 29-
                 December 3, 1971                                 E-12

  F-l          Aquatic Growths from Glass-Slide
                 Substrates, Cache la Poudre River
                 Ten Day Exposure, Recovered in
                 September 1971                                   F-l

  F-2          Aquatic Growths from Glass-Slide
                 Substrates, South Platte River
                 Basin, Colorado, 14-Day Exposure
                 Recovery in November 1971                       F-2

  G-l          Benthos, Bear Creek, Colorado,
                 August 30, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-l

  G-2          Benthos, Clear Creek, Colorado,
                 August 30, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-3

  G-3          Benthos, Boulder Creek, Colorado,
                 September 7, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-5
                                           I

                                vii

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                LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (continued)


Table No.                       Title                             Page

  G-4          Benthos, St. Vrain Creek, Colorado,
                 September 9, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-8

  G-5          Benthos, St. Vrain Creek, Colorado,
                 November 29, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-ll

  G-6          Benthos, Little Thompson River,
                 Colorado, September 8, 1971
                 (Numbers per square foot)                        G-12

  G-7          Benthos, Little Thompson River,
                 Colorado, November 29, 1971
                 (Numbers per square foot)                        G-13

  G-8          Benthos, Big Thompson River, Colorado,
                 September 8, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-14

  G-9          Benthos, Big Thompson River, Colorado
                 November 29, 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-17

  G-10         Benthos, Cache la Poudre River,
                 Colorado, September 13, 1971
                 (Numbers per square foot)                        G-19

  G-ll         Benthos, Cache la Poudre River,
                 Colorado, November 30, 1971
                 (Numbers per square foot)                        G-22

  G-12         Benthos, South Platte River and
                 Selected Tributaries, Colorado,
                 Collected in August, September,
                 and October 1971 (Numbers per
                 square foot)                                     G-23

  G-13         Benthos, South Platte River, Colorado,
                 Collected November 29 and 30, 1971
                 (Numbers per square foot)                        G-27

  H-l          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 Bear Creek, Colorado, September 1971             H-l
                                  Vlll

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                LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (continued)


Table No.                       Title                             Page

  H-2          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 Clear Creek, Colorado, September 1971            H-2

  H-3          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 Boulder Creek, Colorado, September 1971          H-3

  H-A          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 St. Vrain Creek, Colorado,  September  1971        H-4

  H-5          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 Big Thompson River, Colorado,
                 September 1971                                   H-5

  H-6          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort
                 Cache la Poudre River, Colorado,
                 September and October 1971                        H-6

  H-7          Fish Captured Per Unit of Effort,
                 South Platte River, Colorado,
                 August and September 1971                        H-8

  1-1          Summary of Analytical Data for
                 Industrial Waste Source Evaluations,
                 South Platte River Basin                         1-1

  1-2          Summary of Industrial Waste
                 Sources in the South Platte River                1-3

  1-3          Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Analytical Results of Effluent
                 Discharge from the Great Western
                 Sugar Company Plants                             1-6

  1-4          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 on Sugar Beet Mill Discharges
                 in the South Platte River Basin,
                 November-December 1971                           1-9

  1-5          Summary of Waste Treatment for the
                 Great Western Sugar Plants  in  the
                 South Platte River Basin,
                 November-December 1971                           1-11
                                 ix

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                LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (continued)
Table No.                       Title                             Page

  1-6          Summary of Analytical Data for
                 Municipal Waste Source Evaluations -
                 South Platte River Basin,
                 August 1971 - February 1972                      1-15

  1-7          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 on Municipal Waste Treatment Plant
                 Discharges in the South Platte
                 River Basin, August and September 1971           1-20

  1-8          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 of Selected Municipal Waste Treatment
                 Plant Discharges, South Platte River
                 Basin Survey, November-December 1971             1-2*3

  1-9          Summary of Bacteriological Analyses
                 on Municipal Waste Treatment Plant
                 Discharges in the South Platte River
                 Basin, January-February 1972                     1-24

  1-10         Summary of Findings Municipal Waste
                 Source Evaluations in the South
                 Platte River Basin, August 1971-
                 February 1972                                    I-2i5

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                     GLOSSARY OF TERMS


BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 5-Day

COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand

DO - Dissolved Oxygen

MPN - Most Probable Number

NH-N - Ammonia Nitrogen

N02-N0 -N - Nitrite Nitrate Nitrogen

P - Phosphorus

PO, - Orthophosphate

SS -  Suspended Solids

TOC - Total Organic Carbon
RM - river mileage measured from stream mouth.  Multiple numbers
     (e.g. 311.1/6.7) denote distance from junction of North and
     South Platte River to confluence with a tributary stream and
     second value indicating distance upstream from mouth of
     tributary stream
cfs - flow rate given in cubic feet per second

gpm - flow rate given in gallons per minute

mgd - flow rate given in million gallons per day

mg/1 - concentration given in milligrams per liter

urahos/cm - unit of specific conductance (mho — the inverse of
           the standard unit of electrical resistance, the ohm)
           measured over a 1-centimeter distance, conventionally
           made at 25°C

Municipal waste - combination of domestic and industrial waste-
                  waters discharged to waterways by governmental
                  units, such as cities or sanitary districts
                            xi

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Industrial waste - spent process waters discharged to waterways
                   by industries.

Agricultural waste - irrigation return waters, feedlot drainage,
                     and erosion (Commodity wastes, such as sugar,
                     meat, and canned produce, are considered as
                     industrial or municipal wastes, based upon
                     disposal jurisdiction.)
                             xii

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                          I.  INTRODUCTION



A.  STUDIES PRIOR TO 1970



     Federal documentation of water pollution in the South Platte River



Basin began in 1950.—   By 1963, it was apparent that water pollution was



a serious problem affecting beneficial water uses at a number of locations



in Colorado.  At the request of the Governor of Colorado, the first ses-



sion of the Conference in the Matter of Pollution of the South Platte



River Basin (Colorado) was held on October 29, 1963, under the provisions


                                           2/
of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.—   As a result of this confer-



ence, a Federal-State study was Initiated to define sources of pollution,



delineate water quality conditions, and recommend appropriate abatement



measures.  The South Platte River Basin Project was formed to provide



the Federal technical staff for carrying out the study.



     From 1963 to 1966, the Project, in cooperation with the State of



Colorado, conducted studies of various aspects of the pollution problem



in the Basin and published a total of 13 technical reports.  Results



of the studies indicated that the principal water pollution problems were



lack of adequate treatment for municipal and industrial waste discharges;



bacterial contamination of surface streamflow and irrigation supplies;



high organic loadings in some stream reaches, resulting in severe dissolved



oxygen depletion; contamination of subsurface water supplies by municipal



and industrial wastes; and a severe odor problem at Barr Lake.  Both water



quality objectives to protect beneficial water uses and pollution abate-



ment measures to meet these objectives were set forth in the reports.



     On April 27, 1966, a second session of the enforcement conference

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                                                                        3/
was held to review the progress that had been made in abating pollution.—



The Project recommendations concerning water quality objectives and abate-


                                              4/
ment measures were presented to the Conferees.—   The session was adjourned,



without formulating recommendations, in order to allow the newly formed



Colorado Water Pollution Control Commission time to review these recom-



mendations.



     At a reconvened second session held on November 10, 1966, the Con-



ferees agreed that "all discharges into the South Platte River shall have



adequate remedial or control facilities in full operation by June 30,



1971, so as to comply with water quality standards [to be] established by



the Colorado Water Pollution Control Commission as approved by the Secre-



tary of the Interior'1.—



     Water quality standards were established by the Commission and ap-



proved as Federal standards [Appendix A].  No additional sessions of the



Conference have been held.  Thus, the recommendations of the reconvened



second session ar?. the prsssnt conference requirements for pollution



abatement.  Since 1966 no basin-wide water quality investigations have



been conducted to evaluate the status of compliance with the Conference



recommendations.





Z.   WATER QUALITY INVESTIGATIONS 1971-72



     In 1971 the Enforcement Division, Region VIII, Environmental Protec-



tion Agency (EPA), Denver, Colorado, requested the National Field Investi-



gations Center-Denver (KFIC-D), EPA Office of Enforcement, to conducte a



comprehensive water quality investigation in the South Platte River Basin.

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The basin-wide water quality studies began in August 1971 and were com-




pleted in February 1972.  Objectives of these studies were:




     1.  To define water quality conditions in the South Platte River and




         its principal tributaries and resultant effects on aquatic life




         and other beneficial water uses;




     2.  To evaluate water pollution abatement practices and abatement



         needs at municipal and industrial waste sources and to determine




         the effects of waste discharges from these sources on receiving




         waters;




     3.  To evaluate progress toward compliance with the 1966 Conference




         recommendations;




     4.  To determine whether Colorado Water Quality Standards have been




         violated;




     5.  To determine the need for abatement proceedings.




     Studies were conducted in an area including the South Platte River




and its principal tributaries from the Metropolitan Denver area downstream




to the Colorado-Nebraska state line.  Physical, chemical, and biological




parameters were evaluated for major stream reaches.  Municipal and indus-




trial waste sources were inventoried and studied to characterize waste




loads and to evaluate the effectiveness of waste treatment.




     Although these studies document technical, legal, and institutional




problems related to the water quality conditions in the South Platte




River Basin, only the technical aspects of pollution are summarized in




this report.  Water quality and biological conditions observed during




the stream survey are discussed in Section V.  Water quality standards

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established by Colorado and Nebraska for the South Platte River and its

tributaries are summarized in Appendix A.  Sampling locations and study

methods are discussed in Appendices B and C, respectively.  Physical,

chemical, bacteriological, and biological data are presented in Appen-

dices D through H.  Waste source evaluations and pollution abatement

needs are discussed in Section VI.  Waste source data are summarized  in

Appendix I as well as proposed waste load limitations for major industrial

waste discharges.

     Additional information on the studies is contained in the following

reports entitled:

     1.  Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of South Platte
         River - Denver Metropolitan area.  June 1972.

     2.  Technical Appendix on Municipal Waste-Source Evaluations, Water
         Quality Investigation in the South Platte River Basin Colorado
         1971-72.  June 1972.

     2.  Technical Appendix on Industrial Waste-Source Evaluations, Water
         Quality Investigations in the South Platte River Basin Colorado
         1971-72.  June 1972.

     4.  Investigations of the Effects of the Waste Discharges from
         the Great Western Sugar Mil at Ovid, Colorado, on Water
         Quality Conditions of the South Platte River.  June 1972.

     5.  Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of the Cache
         la Poudre and South Platte Rivers - Greeley Area.  June 1972.


     Technical information contained in the latter two reports was used

as a basis for informal public hearings regarding the 180-day notices

issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to the Great Western Sugar

Company for its mills at Greeley and Ovid, Colorado pursuant to Section

10(c)(5) of the Federal Uater Pollution Control Act.  The hearings were

held on March 28 and 29, 1972, respectively.

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                    II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS






     1.  Stream surveys were conducted in the South Platte River Basin,




Colorado, during August, September, November, and December 1971.  Bear




Creek and Boulder Creek upstream of Coal Creek, St. Vrain Creep upstream




of Longmont, and the South Platte River upstream of the Littleton, Colorado,




waste discharge, have better water quality than was observed during the South




Platte River Basin Project studies in 1964-65, although still degraded by




point- and area-pollution sources.  In the reach of the South Platte River




from the Littleton waste discharge downstream to the Metropolitan Denver




Sewage Disposal District No. 1 Plant (Metro) discharge and in Clear Creek,




from Wheatridge (Colorado) to its confluence with the South Platte River,




water quality has improved since 1964-65; but the water quality remains




degraded.




     2.  Water quality in Bear Creek, Clear Creek, Boulder Creek, St. Vrain




Creek, Big Thompson River, Little Thompson River, and in the Cache la Poudre




River as well as the South Platte River upstream of Denver, is acceptable




for fisheries and all other uses — with the exception of isolated reaches




affected by pollutional sources.




     3.  The South Platte River from the Metro discharge to Fort Lupton




(Colorado) is severely degraded by the organic pollutant load from the




Denver Metro area.  Water quality of Sand Creek at the mouth, Boulder




Creek downstream from Coal Creek, the Little Thompson River downstream




from Johnstown, and the Cache la Poudre River downstream from Greeley




was found to be as polluted during the 1971 survey as during the 1964-




65 surveys.

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     4.  The results of the evaluations of twenty-three municipal waste-




water treatment facilities made in November and December 1971 and




January 1972 are as follows:



     a.  Providing 80 percent removal of BOD and adequate disinfection:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
b . Less
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
Arvada
Clear Creek Valley
Fort Collins #2
Fort Lupton
Lyons
than 80 percent BOD removal:
Metro
Greeley
Baker WSD
Boulder #1
Boulder //2
Brighton
Coors-Golden
Englewood
Fort Collins #1
Fort Morgan
Julesburg
Littleton
Longmont
Loveland
South Adams WSD
South Lakewood
Sterling
Wheatridge
c. Inadequate disinfection:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
- (12)
(13)
Metro
Greeley
Brush (no disinfection)
Brighton
Englewood
Fort Collins #1
Fort Morgan (no disinfection)
Julesburg
Longmont (inoperative)
Loveland
South Adams WSD
Sterling
Wheatridge

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     Since the time of this survey, Coors-Golden has expanded its faci-




lities to provide at least 80 percent BOD removal; and expansion and modi-




fications are underway or planned at the Brighton, Boulder #2 (75th Street),




Greeley, Metro, South Lakewood, Englewood, and Fort Morgan waste treatment




facilities.




     5.  Since the 1964-65 study the organic load from industrial wastes




has been reduced from approximately 400,000 Ib/day of BOD, measured in




1964-65, to approximately 52,500 Ib/day, measured during the 1971 survey




through either the connection to municipal systems or the construction of




industrial wastewater treatment facilities.  The processing of sugar beets




is the largest single source of industrial pollution in the South Platte




River Basin.  The Great Western Sugar Company is providing the additional




pollution control facilities needed to reduce their BOD load from the




341,600 Ib/day measured in 1964-65 to 12,800 Ib/day by the 1973-74 cam-




paign.  Improvements are presently being made at the Greeley, Ovid,




Johnstown, Longmont, Fort Morgan, and Sterling beet-sugar factories.




Proposed facilities at the Johnstown plant will require further evaluation




to determine their effectiveness.  Other industrial sources requiring




additional pollution abatement, as determined from effluent sampling, are




the Continental Oil Company and the Refinery Corporation of Commerce City




and the Weld County By-Products Company and the Loveland Packing Company




of Loveland.  Although effluent sampling was not performed, additional




pollution abatement is required for the Burlington-Northern Railroad, Inc.,




of Denver and the Floyd Haag Sand and Gravel Company of Loveland.

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     6.  Water quality of Bear Creek has Improved since 1965; the previ-




ously reported conditions of sewage odors and suspended fecal and organic




particles were not found in 1971.  Treated domestic sewage from the cities




of Evergreen and Morrison and approximately 30 storm sewers discharge into




the Creek.  The stream from Morrison to the South Platte River confluence




remains biologically enriched.  This reach has been classified by the




State of Colorado as a warm-water fishery and for irrigation use.  Bear




Creek was in compliance with approved water quality standards.




     7.  Cherry Creek receives pollutants from numerous sources in the




Denver metropolitan area.  The Creek, described as severely polluted by




sewage in 1965, was moderately polluted by organic material in 1971.




Although the Creek is not classified for specific uses, the water was




contaminated by total- and fecal-coliform bacteria densities as high as




120,000 and 3,000 per 100 ml, respectively.




     8.  Sand Creek, at the confluence with the South Platte River, was




severely polluted by sewage; contamination was shown by average total-




coll form bacteria counts that exceeded 110,000 per 100 ml and fecal-




coliform bacteria densities of 8,800 per 100 ml.  This creek which carries




municipal and industrial wastes and storm-water runoff has not been clas-




sified by the State of Colorado for specific uses.  Sand Creek has un-




sightly, putrescent, and odorous bottom deposits; there was objectionable




odor and turbidity in the water.  These conditions are in violation of




the Basic Standards applicable to all waters of Colorado.




     9.  Clear Creek at RM 18.7 was damaged by mine drainage, as evidenced




by a toxic concentration of zinc (0.36 mg/1) and severely restricted

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aquatic life.  At RM 15.A wastes were discharged into Clear Creek from

the Adolph Coors Company treatment facility, which also treats domestic

wastes from the City of Golden.  These wastes, wastes from the Wheatridge

and Baker Sanitary District waste treatment plants, and storm-water run-

off contributed to the pollution of Clear Creek.  From Golden to the

mouth, the creek is classified for use as a potable water supply.  Down-

stream from the Coors discharge at RM 14.1, the water was turbid and

smelled of sewage.  Unsightly, putrescent, and odorous sludge deposits

blanketed portions of the stream bed.  The creek contained an average
                                                                 X
fecal-coliform bacteria density of 5,800 per 100 ml.  Dissolved oxygen

concentrations ranged as low as 3.4 mg/1.  These conditions are in vio-

lation of approved Water Quality Standards of Colorado.

     In 1971, Clear Creek, from RM 10.4 to the mouth, contained higher

dissolved oxygen concentrations and lower bacterial densities than it did

in 1965.  Although this lower reach showed improvement, it remained in

violation of the Colorado Standards that prohibit sludge deposits.

     10.  Boulder Creek is classified by the State of Colorado for use as

a warm-water fishery.  The creek was polluted by wastes from the Pearl

Street (RM 21.3) and 75th Street (RM 17.8) treatment plants in Boulder.

In this reach the dissolved oxygen concentration ranged as low as 4.7 mg/1,

and the water was murky and smelled of sewage.  Sludge blanketed portions

of the stream bed.  These conditions are prohibited by approved Colorado

Standards.  From RM 14.2 to the mouth of Boulder Creek, Water Quality

Standards were not: violated.  Coal Creek, which flows into Boulder Creek

at RM 7.9, receives treated municipal wastes from Erie, Lafayette, and

Louisville, and was polluted with respect to coliform bacteria.

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10
     11.  Prior to the sugar-beet campaign St. Vrain Creek which is



classified by the State of Colorado for industrial and irrigation uses



was polluted by inadequately treated wastes from the Longmont Wastewater



Treatment Plant.  Sludge deposits, odors, and turbidity were observed.



These conditions are prohibited by approved Colorado Water Quality Standards.



     During the sugar-beet campaign wastes discharged from the Great Western



Sugar Company mill, at RM 22.5, in combination with Longmont domestic wastes,



severely polluted St. Vraln Creek.  Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged



from 0.3 to 3.7 rag/1, violating the 3.0 mg/1 criterion approved for this
                                                                 \


stream reach.  Organic solids, partly composed of putrefying slimes, formed



large sludge beds; these conditions also violated Colorado Standards.



     12.  Water quality of the Little Thompson River has not changed sub-



stantially since 1964.  The stream receives wastes from a combination of



sources including animal feedlot drainage, irrigation return water, unre-



stricted livestock watering in the river, and domestic wastes from the



Berthoud Wastewater Treatment Plant.  At RM 11.1 no violations occurred of



approved Colorado Standards for water classified as industrial supply and



for irrigation; however, damage was indicated by a sparse population of



pollution sensitive invertebrates (7 percent) and fecal-coliform bacteria



numbering 1,900 per 100 ml.



     Municipal wastes discharges, both from Johnstown (RM 1.15) and



Milliken (RM 0.6), and the discharge from the Great Western Sugar Company



Monosodium Glutamate and Sugar Recovery Plant (RM 2.8) severely polluted



the Little Thompson River downstream from Johnstown.  The formation of



sludge deposits; production of objectionable odor and turbidity; and the

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                                                                     11
development of slime growths were in violation of the Colorado Water


Quality Standards.


     13.  The Big Thompson River, from Loveland to the mouth,  is classi-


fied by the State of Colorado for industrial and irrigation uses.  In


this reach the major source of pollution is inadequately treated wastes


discharged from the Loveland Wastewater Treatment Plant (RM 24.5).  One


mile downstream, the water was trubid and smelled of sewage, and the stream


bed was covered with organic sludge.  These conditions are not in accord-


ance with approved Colorado Water Standards.  Although there are no
                                                                 X

bacterial standards for the river downstream from Loveland, fecal-coliform


bacteria counts averaging 1,300 per 100 ml indicated contamination.


     Additional waste sources include the Loveland Packing Company (RM 25.6)


and seasonal discharges from the Great Western Sugar Company (RM 22.0).


Great Western at Loveland has substantially improved its wastewater treat-


ment since 1964, reducing the mill effluent BOD from 50,000 (510 mg/1) to


800 (13 mg/1) Ib/day.  At RM 16.5 water quality improved; no Standards


violations occurred.


     Inflow of the polluted waters of the Little Thompson River severely


degraded the Big Thompson River from RM 7.0 to the mouth.  The water was


turbid and sludge deposits and slimes blanketed the river bed.  This was


a violation of Colorado Water Quality Standards.  Contamination was also


indicated by an average fecal-coliform bacteria density of 2,600 per 100 ml.


     14.  The State of Colorado has classified the Cache la Poudre River,


from Fort Collins to Greeley, for use as a warm-water fishery.  From

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12
Greeley to the mouth the river is classified for industrial and irrigation




uses.  Principal waste sources discharging to the Cache la Poudre River




include:  the Fort Collins (RM 44.1 and 40.2) and Greeley (RM 5.3) waste-




water treatment plants; and the Great Western Sugar Company mill at Greeley




(RM 4.3).  Since 1964 there has been a reduction in the waste loads dis-




charged to the Cache la Poudre River.  The Great Western mill at Windsor




which formerly discharged 74,000 Ib BOD day closed in 1966; the Eaton




Great Western mill installed pollution control measures that reduced the




BOD of its wastes from 20,800 Ib/day in 1965 to 490 Ib/day in 1971.




     Downstream from Fort Collins the Cache la Poudre River was degraded




by sewage.  Summertime production of dense mats of algae constituted vio-




lations of approved Colorado Water Quality Standards.  During the summer




and fall of 1971 the river was severely polluted from RM 5.3 to the mouth.




Inadequately treated wastes were discharged from the Greeley Wastewater




Treatment Plant and the Great Western Sugar Company mill at Greeley.  There




is no bacteriological standard for this lower reach, but severe contami-




nation was indicated by total- and fecal-coliform bacteria densities as



high as 1,500,000 and 100,000 per 100 ml, respectively.  The dissolved




oxygen content of waters classified for industrial use must not be less




than 3 mg/1.  This standard was violated at RM 0.5 where concentrations




ranged as low as 2.7 mg/1.  Additional water-quality standards violations




included the development of sludge banks and objectionable odors and




turbidity in the water.

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                                                                    13
     15.  The State of Colorado has classified the South Platte River,




from its headwaters to Exposition Avenue (RM 321.9) in Denver, for use




as cold-water fishery.  Major waste sources in this reach include the




municipal treatment plants at Littleton (RM 327.6) and Englewood (RM 325.1).




Other sources include storm-water runoff and minor discharges.  No violations




of the approved Colorado Water Quality Standards occurred in this reach.




     The South Platte River, from Exposition Avenue to York Street




(RM 313.4), is classified as a warm-water fishery.  Waste sources include:




numerous storm sewers; minor industrial discharges; South Lakewood Sanita-




tion District; occasional bypassing from sanitary sewers and the inflow




from Cherry Creek.  Raw sewage which entered the South Platte River at




47th Avenue (RM 315.1) and at Franklin Street (RM 314.3) resulted in




fecal-coliform bacteria densities that averaged more than 13,000 per 100 ml;




sludge banks built up downstream from each of these discharges.  These con-




ditions were in violation of Colorado Water Quality Standards.




     The South Platte River, from York Street to the Colorado-Nebraska




State Line, is classified for industrial and irrigation uses.  The major




waste source in this reach is the Metro plant.  Adequate treatment was




not being provided by the Metro plant for BOD and suspended solids removal.




The BOD removals ranged from 63 to 96 percent and were below the State




requirement of 80 percent BOD removal 20 percent of the time.  Suspended




solids removal ranged between 39 and 95 percent.  Adequate disinfection




was not provided, as shown by the low chlorine residuals and the high




bacteria densities in the effluent.  Fecal-coliform bacteria densities




in the effluent were as high as 430,000/100 ml.  The Colorado Department

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of Health recommendation for a residual chlorine value of 1 mg/1 after




15 minutes at maximum hourly flow was not maintained during the study.




     The Denver Northside Waste Treatment Plant provides primary treat-




ment prior to discharge to Metro.  Wastes from the Northside plant con-




stitute about 75 percent of the total hydraulic load and more than 70




percent of the organic load received by Metro.  During the study-period




the Denver Northside Waste Treatment Plant had BOD removal efficiencies




ranging from minus 11 percent (an increase in BOD) to 58 percent and




suspended solids removal efficiencies ranging from 6 percent to 96 percent.




Inadequate primary treatment at Denver Northside significantly affects




removal efficiencies at the Metro facility.




     The Colorado Department of Health and EPA are working with the staff




at the Denver Northside waste treatment plant to improve treatment methods




at this plant, thereby reducing the wasteload contributed to the Denver




Metro facility.




     Official State-Federal Water Quality Standards in the South Platte




River will not be met by the attainment of a minimum 80 percent removal




of five-day BOD at the Metro facility.  The South Platte River water




quality criteria for dissolved oxygen could be met by the expansion of the




Metro plant and improvement in plant operation in order to produce an




average effluent of 10,000 Ib/day of BOD with a maximum Instantaneous




limit equivalent to 15,000 Ib/day.  This average limit is equivalent to




an effluent concentration of 10 mg/1 and would require an estimated 95




percent BOD reduction, based on present influent values.




     Other principal waste sources in the South Platte River, downstream




from York Street, include:  municipal discharges from South Adams

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                                                                     15
(RM 306.7), Brighton (RM 295.8), Fort Morgan (RM 195.2), Brush (RM 185.6),




Sterling (RM 148.6), and Julesburg (RM 86.9); inflows from Sand Creek,




Clear Creek, St. Vrain Creek, the Big Thompson River, and the Cache la




Poudre River; and seasonal discharges from the Great Western Sugar Company




mills at Brighton (RM 295.7), Fort Morgan (RM 196.2), Sterling (RM 150.4),




and Ovid (RM 94.8).




     At Henderson (RM 301.7), during the summer, the 3 mg/1 dissolved




oxygen standard was  violated.  From the Metro discharge (RM 312.2), down-




stream to Fort Lupton (RM 288.2), dissolved oxygen concentrations were




often below 4 mg/1 in the summertime, and sludge beds blanketed tt\e stream




bottom.  Odor, turbidity, and the development of these sludge beds were in




violation of the Colorado Standards.




     During the sugar-beet campaign violations of the Colorado Standards




occurred downstream from the Great Western Company mills at Fort Morgan,




Sterling, and Ovid.   Sludge banks and slime growths developed; odor and




turbidity were imparted to the water.  Although there are no bacterio-




logical standards applicable to the South Platte River from York Street




(RM 313.4) to the Colorado-Nebraska State Line (RM 83.7) severe contami-




nation was indicated by fecal-coliform bacteria densities as high as




910,000 per 100 ml and by the presence of pathogenic Salmonella.  Both




Colorado and Nebraska bacterial criteria were grossly violated at the State




Line by waste discharged from the Great Western mill at Ovid, Colorado.




     The Colorado Water Pollution Control Commission is in the process of




re-evaluating water quality standards for the South Platte River.  Public




hearings have been held concerning the establishment of effluent standards




to enhance water quality in the South Platte River.

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16

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                                                                   17
                III.  DESCRIPTION OP THE STUDY AREA






A.  PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION



     The South Platte River basin lies in northeastern Colorado, south-



eastern Wyoming, and southwestern Nebraska and is part of the headwaters



of the Missouri River [Figure 1].  More than 80 percent of the Basin's



24,300 square miles are in Colorado.  This report is concerned only with



the South Platte River and its principal tributaries within Colorado.



     The South Platte River, rising along the eastern slope of the Con-



tinental Divide, in areas northwest of Fairplay, flows south and then



east across the broad area known as South Park and through Eleven Mile



Canyon.  Near Lake George the river flows northward through mountainous



country to emerge from the foothills about 15 miles south-southwest of



the Metropolitan Denver area and then to continue in a northward direction



to the vicinity of Greeley.  There, the river turns and follows an irreg-



ular east-northeast course, joining with the North Platte River at North



Platte, Nebraska.  The length of the river from its source to the mouth is



approximately 442 miles.



     The study area lies within two types of land formation, mountains



and plains.  In the. mountainous areas, exposed bedrock or thin soil de-



posits bound the streams.  The cool, crystal-clear headwaters are formed



primarily from snow melt and rainfall runoff and contain a minimum of nu-



trients.  Steep stream gradients (up to 1,000 feet per mile) cause the



water to cascade over large boulders.  The resulting turbulence not only

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18
 helps maintain a desirable balance of dissolved gasses but  also  causes




 erosion.  Dissolved materials are added  to  the stream in this process.




 Environmental conditions are adequate to support  a variety  of inverte-




 brates, which are  food  for fish.  Water  quality is suitable for  cold water




 fishery,  including rainbow and brown trout.  With the exception  of  stream




 reaches affected by mine drainage, water quality  problems are minor.




 For this  reason, the study area extended upstream only to the foothill




 reaches of the river and tributaries.




      In the plains, channels of the river and lower reaches of tributaries




 cut through deep alluvial gravel and soil deposits.  Sparse vegetation




 does not  hold the  soil  so that erosion is common.  Because  of this  condition




 there is  rapid runoff;  rain storms temporarily muddy the streams.   Ground




 water seepage carries dissolved salts and nutrients leached from the soils




 into the  stream.   This  increases the hardness and biological productivity




 in the river.  Stream gradients in the plains area are from eight to




 twenty feet per mile and the water turbulence is  thereby reduced.   During




 the summer, low-water conditions prevail because  of increased evaporation,




 lack of rainfall,  and the various uses made of the river water (e.g. irri-




 gation diversions).  The shallow mainstream water and isolated pools are




 warmed by the sun.  After rain storms, pooled water mixes with the  main




 stream as the river rises and often increases the water temperature.  Addi-




 tionally, in these pools and elsewhere,  organic materials accumulate.




 Decomposition of this organic matter alters the balance of  dissolved gasses.

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                                                                 19
In combination, these conditions often cause a decrease in the invertebrate




variety and an increase in the biological productivity.  The waters of




the plains are suitable for warmwater fishery which includes such game-




fish as bass and catfish.




     Water quality conditions in the plains streams are substantially




affected by municipal and industrial waste discharges, feedlot drainage,




irrigation return flows, and other agricultural activities.  Irrigation




diversions also exert a major influence on water quality.  They reduce




the stream flow available for assimilation of pollutants carried into




the streams from the above sources.  Water quality degradation is most



severe downstream from urban areas.




     Principal tributary streams in the study area, in downstream order,




are:  Bear, Clear, Boulder and St. Vrain Creeks, and the Big Thompson




and Cache la Poudre Rivers.  These streams originate along the Continental




Divide and in drain areas similar in character to the watershed of the




South Platte main stem.




     Bear Creek, the uppermost principal tributary in the study area, flows




northeastward past the towns of Evergreen and Morrison to join the South




Platte at River Mile (RM) 326.4 in south Denver.




     Clear Creek, whose water quality is influenced by old mining activities




near the mountain communities of Central City and Idaho Springs, flows




down from the mountains through Golden and enters the river at RM 311.1,




in the northern part of Denver, downstream from the Metropolitan Denver




Sewage Disposal plant.

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 20






     Boulder Creek, a major tributary of St. Vrain Creek, flows easterly




through the city of Boulder and across the southern portion of Boulder




County.  The creek enters the St. Vrain River 17.4 miles upstream of its




confluence with the South Platte River.




     The St. Vrain River rises from two small tributaries in the foothills




of northwestern Boulder County.  This creek flows easterly through the city




of Longmont, then across the high plains of northern Boulder County into




Weld County, and joins the South Platte at RM 270.




     The Little Thompson River, a principal tributary of the Big Thompson




River, arises in south-central Larimer County and flows eastward, passing




through Boulder County, into Weld County, joining the Big Thompson River




at RM 7.0.  The latter stream flows easterly across the highlands of




southern Larimer County into Weld County and joins the South Platte River




at RM 260.4.




     The northernmost and largest tributary to the South Platte River is




the Cache la Poudre River.  Its headwaters begin north of Rocky Mountain




National Park, converge and flow northeast along the eastern slope of




the Rocky Mountains.  The river turns east, about 20 miles from the



Colorado-Wyoming state line, and flows past the communities of Ft. Collins,




Windsor, and Greeley, where it joins the South Platte River at RM 249.






B. CLIMATE




     Climate in the study area is primarily a function of elevation and




landform.   Elevations in the main river valley range from about 3,500 feet

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                                                                  21
above sea level near the eastern edge of the study area to about 5,000 feet

at Denver.  Foothills and mountain areas range between 6,500 and 11,000

feet with some mountain peaks reaching 14,000 feet.

     The plains are characterized by low relative humidity, light rainfall,

warm summers, mild winters, considerable wind, and large annual variations
                                               • *
in precipitation.  Mountain areas have lower temperatures and some snowfall.

The foothill areas present a transitional climatological zone.

     Precipitation is greatest in the mountain headwater areas, exceeding

30 inches per year.  Downstream, the annual precipitation decreases to

15 inches in the foothills and to about 12 inches near Greeley and then

increases again to about 19 inches at the lower end of the basin.

     Temperature extremes range from -30 to 110°F.  The frost-free period

ranges from about 165 days in the Denver area to about 133 days in the

northern plains.


C.  HYDROLOGY

     The primary source of water in the study area is runoff from melting

snowpack.  Numerous reservoirs have been constructed in the mountain

and foothill areas to store this runoff.  As a result, all of the princi-

pal streams in the study area are regulated to some degree.  During the

irrigation season diversions and return flows cause major changes in

stream flow within relatively short stream reaches.

     High intensity summer rainstorms may produce flash floods in the

plains streams and several major floods have occurred in the Metropolitan

Denver area.

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22
     The basin is a water short area and water use far exceeds the natural



supply.  Re-use of water Is practiced In a nuaber of areas, notably the



use of portions of the treated waste effluent from the Metropolitan Denver



area for Irrigation purposes.  The natural surface runoff In the basin



averages about 1,244,000 acre-feet annually.  An additional 500,000 acre-



feet are Imported annually from the Colorado River Basin, primarily by



Denver for municipal and industrial purposes and by the Bureau of Reclama-



tion Colorado-Big Thompson Project for irrigation uses.  Extensive use



of ground water is also made for irrigation in the plains areas.






D.  POPULATION AND THE ECONOMY



     Population growth in the basin has been rapid in recent years, with



an increase of at least 52 percent occurring since 1960, mostly in urban



areas.  The Metropolitan Denver urban area population increased from



855,000 in 1960 to 1.3 million in 1970.  Other urban areas and their 1970



populations are:  Greeley, 38,900; Fort Collins, 45,000; Longmont, 23,200;



Loveland, 16,200; and Boulder, 66,900.



     The plains and mountain areas are sparsely populated.  Most of the



urban areas are concentrated along the eastern edge of the foothills.



     Agriculture is the primary Industry in the plains area.  The produc-



tion of crops is primarily dependent upon irrigation.  The principal



crops are alfalfa, Small grains, corn, and sugar beets.  Important agri-



cultural related industries Include sugar beet processing mills, live-



stock feedlots, meat packing plants, and canneries.



     Mining and livestock grazing were historically the major industrial



activities in mountain areas.  Recreational land use including skiing,

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                                                                  23
camping and hiking has recently achieved major importance.



     The Metropolitan Denver area supports a large number of diverse indus-



trial and related activities including aerospace; light manufacturing;



electronics; computer and data processing; educational and scientific com-



plexes; Federal and State government offices and laboratories; and the



manufacturing of rubber products.

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24

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                                                                 25
                        IV.  STREAM SURVEYS



     In August and September 1971 the South Platte River and its principal



tributaries were studied from Waterton through the Denver metropolitan



area downstream to Kersey, Colorado [Figures 2 and 3].  [A tabulation of



the stream stations, analyses performed, and study methods are contained



in Appendices B and C.]  The data, presented in the sections titled Summer



Survey, represent river conditions prior to the 1971 sugar beet campaign.



     In November and December selected stations in the South Platte River



and in the subbasins of St. Vrain Creek, Big Thompson River, and Cache



la Poudre River within the State of Colorado were studied [Figures 2, 3



and 4].  Results are presented in the sections titled Fall Survey and



represent river conditions during the 1971 sugar beet campaign.





A.  BEAR GREEK



     In the mountainous area near the community of Morrison (RM 13.0), Bear



Creek had good water quality.  The BOD averaged 2.5 mg/1 [Appendix D,



Table D-l] and the fecal-coliform bacteria log mean number was 720/100 ml

                                                               2
of water [Figure 5].  The benthos consisted of 670 organisms/ft   [Figure 6],



and were represented by 19 kinds.  Rainbow trout comprised 14 percent of



the total fish population of this reach [Appendix 11, Table 11-1].



     Downstream, at RM 5.9, the waters of Bear Creek were fertilized by



waste discharged from the Morrison area.  An estimated 29 storm sewers



and outfalls (of unknown origin) discharge to Bear Creek between Morrison


              6/                                                        2
and the mouth.—   The density of benthic organisms increased to 1,634/ft



[Figure 6] and diversity increased to 21 kinds by the addition of facul-



tative and pollution-tolerant organisms [Appendix G, Table G-l].

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 26
     Wastes entering Bear Creek between RM 5.9 and 0.7 sustained the en-


riched conditions.  Nutrients  [Appendix D, Table D-l] in this reach


stimulated the production of dense algal mats that caused DO levels to


fluctuate between 5.7 and 11.3 mg/1 at different times of the day.  The


variety of benthos was reduced to 16 kinds, mostly facultative and pol-


lution-tolerant forms.  Pollution-intolerant forms decreased from 67


percent, upstream at RM 5.9, to 11 percent at RM 0.7.  Fish populations


near the Bear Creek mouth consisted of non-game species.


     The quality of Bear Creek waters has improved since 1964.  The creek


was enriched with nutrients from Morrison downstream to the South Platte


River confluence.  Bear Creek was, at the time of the survey, in com-


pliance with approved water quality standards.




B.  CLEAR CREEK


     In the portion of Clear Creek immediately upstream of Golden (RM 18.7)


the water contained little organic matter [Appendix D, Table D-l] and


acceptably low numbers of bacteria [Appendix E, Table E-l].  Benthos con-


sisted of only nine kinds of organisms; however, 84 percent of these were


mayflies and caddisflies, forms intolerant of organic pollution, and pol-


lution-tolerant forms numbered less than one percent of the benthos com-

                                           2
munity [Figure 7].  The low density (112/ft ) and restricted variety


of benthic organisms probably resulted from the influence of mine drainage


[Tables G-2 and D-12].  Fish populating this reach consisted of longnose


suckers and brown trout in very low numbers.


     The Coors wastewater treatment plant (domestic and industrial wastes)


discharges to Clear Creek (RM 15.4).   Analyses of the plant effluent durinp

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1,000,000  _
  100,000 _
   10,000 .
    1000 _
     100 -
                 20
18
                                 16
                                              K E Y:
                                                               TOTAL COLIFORMS
                                                               FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                               FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
                14
I       T
10       8
                                                    RIVER MILES
1
6
1
4
                                            13 0
                                                                     0.7
                      Figure 5  Bacterial  Densities,  Bear Creek, Colorado


                                  August  -  September, 1971

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                                                                  27
September 21-24, 1971 Indicated that the average wastewater discharge


of 7.2 mgd contained 6,000 Ib of BOD.

                            47
     It was reported in 1966-1  that Clear Creek downstream from Golden


supplied nine municipal water systems and numerous irrigation ditches.


These various diversions account for the extreme low-flow conditions that


occur In the summer months.  During the summer 1971 stream survey the


average flow at the USGS station (BM 18.7) upstream of Golden was 185 cfs.


Downstream from Golden the flow was reduced by diversions to 21 cfs at


York Street (RM 0.3).  At times, flow in the lower reaches of Clear


Creek is almost entirely wastewater from sewage treatment plants and


the Coors brewery.


     At Mclntire Road (RM 14.1), downstream from the Coors wastewater


treatment plant, the log mean fecal-coliform bacteria density was


5,800/100 ml [Figure 8], a violation of the bacterial standards for a pot-


able water supply [Appendix A].  The DO decreased to 3.4 mg/1, which was


a violation of the oxygen criterion (4.0 mg/1).


    . At Kipling Street (RM 10.4) organic materials had settled on the


stream bed, forming sludge beds that were damaging to aquatic biota.  The

                                                2
density of benthos increased to 536 organisms/ft ; 89 percent were pol-


lution-tolerant sludgeworms and snails and. only seven percent were


intolerant organisms [Figure 7].


     Upstream of this station residual wastes from small treatment plants,


storm sewers, and urban runoff contributed to the pollution of Clear


Creek.  Violations of Sections B and D of the Basic Standards Applicable


to All Waters of the State occurred.  However, quality conditions observed

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  28
during this survey are in marked contrast to conditions observed during


                                               4/
studies by the South Platte River Basin Project-  in 1964 which showed,



under similar flow conditions, BOD and DO values of 95 and 1.8 mg/1,



respectively.  Dissolved oxygen levels in 1971 were greater than 5 mg/1.



     Effluents from both the Baker and Clear Creek Sanitation Districts,



and from the Arvada and Wheatridge wastewater treatment plants enter



Clear Creek upstream of RM 0.3.  These four plants discharge about 6.5 mgd



of wastewater, with a dally BOD load of 3,600 Ib, to the creek.



     Near the mouth of Clear Creek (RM 0.3) the DO levels were similar to



those observed at RM 10.4.  Fecal-coliform bacteria densities of 780/100 ml


                                                                    2
did not exceed the standards.  Benthic organisms decreased to 127/ft , but



the variety Increased to 14 kinds and pollution-intolerant organisms made



up 17 percent of the total.  Most of the Increase in the variety was due



to the presence of additional facultative forms.  All of the fish col-



lected near the mouth of Clear Creek were non-game species.



     In summary, there has been an improvement since 1964 in the water



quality of Clear Creek, from RM 10.4 continuing downstream.  However,



violations of the standards for bacteria, dissolved oxygen, and sections B



and D of the Basic Standards were observed.





C.  BOULDER CREEK



     At RM 27.6, upst'ream of the city of Boulder, Boulder Creek had good



water quality [Table D-2, BOD 0.8-1.0], was free from serious bacterial



contamination [Figure 9 and Table E-2], and supported a good biotic com-



munity.  Algal growth provided food and a habitat for 17 kinds of aquatic



insects and crustaceans.  The fish population in this reach included trout,



suckers, and minnows.

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          N ^^F WP^ft R ^^FA L
FOR BACTERIA ( 1OOO  FECAL C O L IFO RM S/1OO ML  )
    1,000,000 «J
      100,000 J
       10,000
        1,000 -i
         100 J
             22
                           18.7
                                            14.1
A
12
                           TOTAL COLIFORMS
             KEY :     H  FECAL COLIFORMS
10        86
     RIVER MILES
                                                                                        FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
                                                                                      4
                                                                                                     0.3
                          Figure  8  Bacterial  Densities, Clear Creek, Colorado
                                       August - September, 1971

-------
VIOLATION OF WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
FOR BACTERIA (1OOO  FECAL C O L IF O RM S/1 OOm I)
                                                                                          KEY  :
                                                                                       TOTAL  COLIFORMS
IT 1,000,000-j

K   loo.oooj
£         1
z    10,000_j
 C9
         1000..
          100-
             30
                            24
                                         COAL CREEK INFLOW TO  BOULDER CREEK
                                                        100,000  _|

                                                        10,000  «

                                                          1000  -

                                                           100  —I
 16   14    12
RIVER  MILES
10
                                                                                        FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
                                                                                        FECAL  COLIFORMS
                                                                                       GREATER  THAN VALUE
                                                                                         LESS  THAN VALUE
                                                                             BOULDER  CREEK
                                                                        7.9
                                                                         7.3
                         Figure 9  Bacterial  Densities. Boulder  (.reck.  Colorado
                                             September.  1971

-------
                                                                  29
     Boulder has two municipal wastewater treatment plants that dis-




charge to the creek.  The outfall of the Pearl Street plant is located




at RM 21.3 and the 75th Street plant discharges at RM 17.8.  During an




evaluation of these plants in August 1971 an average BOD of 4,400 Ib




per day was being discharged.




     Downstream from the Pearl  Street plant outfall, at RM 19.9, the.




bacteriological quality [Table E-2] of Boulder Creek remained acceptable,




thus indicating adequate disinfection of the city sewage.  The BOD was




14 mg/1.  The stream in this reach was murky and smelled of sewage.




The stream bed was blanketed with sludge and supported a bottom




community indicative of organic pollution [Figure 10 and Table G-3].




These conditions were in violation of Sections B and D of the Water




Quality Standards.




     Streamflows at RM 27.6 averaged 56 cfs while near the mouth (RM 1.9)




they averaged 7 cfs because of numerous irrigation diversions.  Flows




were affected between these two points by tributary and waste inflows,




and upstream of the irrigation diversions it is estimated the flow




reached 100 cfs.




     In the lower reach the effects of Coal Creek (RM 7.3) were evident.




Coal Creek receives municipal wastewater effluents from the communities




of Erie, Lafayette, and Louisville.  Degradation from these sources was




shown by poor bacterial and chemical water quality in Coal Creek




(FC-1,300/100 ml, FS=72,000/100 ml and BOD-13 mg/1).




     Boulder Creek water quality and substrate were sufficiently improved




at RM 1.9 to support a diverse bottom community (19 kinds, including

-------
 30
mayflies and caddisflies) and a fish population of smallmouth bass and




various non-game fish.




     In summary, the severe effects of organic pollution reported in 1967—




as originating from the municipal plant at Boulder were less evident in




this study.  Water quality and the stream bed environment of Boulder Creek




were degraded by Boulder municipal wastewater effluents, but conditions suc-




cessively Improved downstream to Coal Creak.  Inflow from Coal Creek chem-




ically and bacteriologically degraded lower Boulder Creek.






D.  ST. VRAIN CREEK




Summer Survey - (September 2.~1P_» 1971)



     The flow of St. Vrain Creek was affected by diversions and by inflows




from tributaries and waste sources.  The flow rate was estimated at 25-30




cfs upstream of Longmont (RM 26.6) and averaged 211 cfs at a gaging sta-




tion (RM 1.3) near the mouth.




     Upstream of Longmont the creek was shallow and swift, with good water




quality [Table D-2] and with a sand and rock-rubble bottom.  Attached




algae provided aquatic animals with food and shelter.  Game fish, Including



trout and largemouth bass, were collected in St. Vrain Creek upstream of




Longmont.  Other fish found inhabiting this area were carp, suckers, chubs,




dace, and minnows.  A variety (29 kinds) of invertebrates were found




inhabiting the stream bed, especially in the algae.  Among the inverte-




brates found were immature mayflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies [Table G-4].




The presence of these insects in diverse communities reflected an unpol-




luted aquatic environment.




     Wastewater (approximately 4.0 mgd) from the Longmont treatment plant

-------
                             -N-
                      Numbers per. Square Foot
Figure 10. Populations of Benthic Invertebrates
          St.Vrain  and Boulder Creeks,Colorado.
             September,1971

-------
                                                                  31





enters St. Vrain Creek at RM 22.5.  At the point of discharge the effluent




was essentially the entire flow of St. Vrain Creek because upstream, the




creek was diverted to the water supply pond of the Great Western Sugar




Company, with excess flow diverted back to St. Vrain Creek at RM 22.0.




Evaluations of the Longmont plant showed that it discharged from 1,750




to 2,100 Ib of BOD per day.  Downstream, at RM 20.8, the effect of the




Longmont plant discharge was evident.  The fecal coliform densities in-




creased to 1,400/100 ml [Figure 11].  These wastes and wastes from feed-




lots and other agricultural activities degraded the creek from Longmont




downstream to its confluence with the South Platte River [Table D-2].




At RM 14.6 the creek carried large amounts of solids (mean total solids




value of 1,020 mg/1), giving the water a murky appearance.  In slack areas




of this stream reach the heavier solids settled to the creek bed, forming




sludge deposits.  Effects of the suspended solids and putrifying bottom




sludge were reflected by changes in the creek bottom animal community




[Figure 10].  Pollution-sensitive forms, found in abundance upstream




(RM 26.6), were reduced in number or eliminated by pollution at RM 14.6.




Violations of section B and D of the Basic Water Quality Standards,




applicable to all Colorado waters, occurred.




     Water quality improved near the St. Vrain Creek mouth at RM 1.3.




Although the water was still murky (mean total solids value ranged from




630-920 mg/1), sludge deposits were less evident and fecal bacteria were




reduced, as compared to upstream at RM 20.8  [Table E-2],  Benthic organisms




reflected the improved stream-bed condition by an increase in their




variety, including a fex* pollution-sensitive invertebrates, e.g. stone-




flies, caddisflies, and mayflies [Figure 10].  Stream conditions remained

-------
 32
unsuitable for a game-fish population.  The fish community was composed




of carp, shad, and various minnows.




     Comparison of the 1964 and 1971 surveys revealed a trend toward Im-




proved environmental conditions downstream from Longmont.  The closure




of a Longmont cannery contributed to this Improvement.  The Kuner-Empson




cannery had polluted St. Vraln Creek In previous years by discharging




wastewater containing solid pieces of vegetables.  The resultant waste




was reported scattered over the creek bottom and along its banks for




several miles downstream from the cannery discharge.—   These conditions




were not observed during the 1971 survey.




     Other evidence of improvement since 1964 included:  better water




quality; reduction in algal mass; less bacterial contamination; and an




increase in the diversity of bottom organisms, especially near the creek




mouth.






Fall Survey (December 6-10. 1971)




     Upstream of the Great Western Sugar Company mill and the municipal




waste treatment plant at Longmont (RM 22.5), St. Vrain Creek had good



water quality [Table D-3].  The log mean number of fecal coliform bacteria




was 190/100 ml of water [Table E-4].  The sandy stream bed provided a re-




latively poor habitat for benthos as compared to the rubble area (RM 26.6)




sampled in September; nevertheless, the benthos collected in December




included organisms considered intolerant to organic pollution, such as




caddisflies and mayflies.  Conditions were indicative of clean water.




     As in September, the entire flow of the St. Vrain Creek near RM 22.5




was diverted to the water supply pond at the Great Western mill.  The

-------
                                                                                     KEY:
   1,000,000 _
_   100,000 _
ta
     10,000 _,
       1000 —
        100 _
            30
18
I
12
                    26.6
                                   20.8
16    14

 RIVER  MILES
10
i
8
                       Figure 11  Bacterial Densities, Si. Vrain  (ireek,  Colorado

                                            September,  1971
                                                                                        TOTAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                        FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                        FECAL STREPTOCOCCI

-------
                                                                  33
pond overflow joins the mill condenser water, and is discharged to the


creek at KM 22.0.  A few feet downstream from the water supply is the


Longmont municipal waste treatment plant outfall.  As was the case in


September, this effluent constituted the flow of the St. Vrain Creek from


RM 22.5 to 22.0.


     Approximately 5,000 Ib of BOD per day were discharged into the stream


from these two waste sources.  The effects of the discharges from the


mill and the Longmont treatment plant were evident downstream (RM 20.6).


The BOD values ranged from 45 to 65 rag/1 and the DO values ranged from


0.3 to 3.7 mg/1, indicating that violations of the DO criteria (3.0 mg/1)


were occurring.  At this same location the fecal coliform densities


increased to greater than 1,300/100 ml as a result of the discharge from


the Longmont waste treatment plant.  Other types of bacteria were sus-


tained by the nutrients contained in sugar beet wastewaters; Sphaerotilus,


a filamentous bacterium, covered much of the stream bottom with dense

                                     2
growths (about 4 million filaments/in ).  Organic solids, partly composed


of putrifying slimes, formed large sludge beds in this reach of the creek.


The intensity of the pollution was sufficient to eliminate virtually all


intolerant benthos, such as mayflies and caddisflies, and to greatly re-


duce the numbers of tolerant sludgeworms and bloodworms [Table G-5].



E.  LITTLE THOMPSON RIVER


Summer Survey (September 7_-J.O_, 1971)


     The Little Thompson River was surveyed from near Berthoud (RM 18.9)


downstream to its mouth.  The BOD at the upstream station was 3.6 mg/1,


with the DO varying from 6.0 to 8.1 mg/1.  Downstream, at RM 11.1, the

-------
34
  river was moderately polluted.  Possible sources included: animal feedlot



  drainage, irrigation return water, unrestricted livestock watering in the



  stream, and wastes from the Berthoud wastewater treatment plant.  Stream



  damage was indicated by the sparse population of pollution-sensitive



  invertebrates (seven percent) collected from the stream bed at KM 11.1



  [Figure 12],



       Downstream at KM 0.1 pollution was more severe than at RM 11.1.



  Conditions at this station were affected by municipal waste discharges



  both from Johnstown (RM 1.15; BOD of the effluent ranged from 20 to 40



  mg/1)  and Milliken (RM 0.6; effluent BOD averaged about 20 mg/1)  and



  the discharge (RM 2.8) from the Great Western Sugar Company monosodium



  glutamate production factory at Johnstown.  During the survey the facil-



  ities (production operation and sugar recovery plant) were closed for



  maintenance, but the residual effects of previous discharges were evi-



  dent.   Treated wastewater from this Great Western plant is discharged



  to the Little Thompson River.  A study in 1970 reported "the discharge



  to the Little Thompson was septic — and contributed a gray color and


                                      8/
  hydrogen sulfide odor to the river."—   The sustained bacterial contam-



  ination [Figure 13] and alterations to the river biota, at RM 0.1, were



  caused by upstream pollution.  The most conspicuous biotic change was



  the vast development of slime growths.  These slimes covered rocks and



  much of the stream bottom, virtually eliminating the habitable area for



  many desirable fish-food organisms [Table F-5].  In the Little Thompson



  River the river-bottom-dwelling animal populations [Figure 12] revealed
  * These values are based on information obtained from officials of the

    Colorado State Health Department.

-------
JOHNSTOWN
                                                                                     -N-
                                                                               Numbers per. Square Foot
                                       Figure 12. Populations of Benthic  Invertebrates,Big Thompson and
                                                  Little  Thompson  Rivers,Colorado September,1971

-------
                                                                               KEY:
1,000,000-
 100,000 —
  10,000
    1000
     100
                       I
                      16
 I
14
       12
10      8

 RIVER MILES
T
4
T
2
                                                                                   TOTAL  COLIFORMS
                                                                                   FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                   FECAL  STREPTOCOCCI
                                                                                   GREATER THAN VALUE
                                       11.1
         FigurelS   Bacterial  Densities, Little Thompson  River. Colorado

                                  September. 1971

-------
                                                                       35
the adverse effects of pollution including the increase in its severity


downstream from the Great Western plant at Johnstown (RM 0.1).


     Comparison of the 1971 findings with earlier reported data (1964 and


1966) does not reveal any substantial change in the water quality of the


Little Thompson River.  Violations, of Sections B and D of the Basic


Standards, occurred.




Fall Survey (December 6-10, 1971)


     The Great Western Sugar Company at Johnstown was in operation at the


time of survey.  Upstream from the plant, at RM A.O, the Little Thompson


River was turbid because of sediments transported by the stream.  Log


mean fecal coliform densities were 360/100 ml and the DO value remained


near saturation, with a range of 10.4 to 10.7 mg/1 [Table D-5], indicating


relatively clean water.  The stream bed of shifting sand, at RM 4.0, pro-


vided a limited habitat for benthos; a low diversity of eight kinds, with

                               2
a population of 12 organisms/ft  was found.  Benthos intolerant of organic


pollution (e.g., stoneflies) were among the invertebrates collected.


     Downstream (at RM 1.15) from the Great Western complex the Little


Thompson River was severely polluted.  Both the BOD and the fecal coliform


bacteria increased by a factor of 20 and the DO was reduced from 10.4 mg/1


to 4.0 mg/1.  Dense slime growths, including Sphaerotilua , covered rocks


and logs submerged in the stream.  Some of the filamentous bacteria were


observed floating downstream in the river currents.  Near the shoreline


and in other slack areas these filaments settled to the stream bed,


contributing to the formation of sludge banks.  The bottom animal community

-------
36
   was affected and was limited to a few mollusks, fly larvae, beetles, and



   sludgeworms  [Table G-7],



        Sections B and D of the Basic Standards were being violated.  More-



   over, conditions in the Little Thompson River have not improved since 1965


                              4/
   when studies by the Project—  showed high BOD (22-114 mg/1) and fecal-coliform



   bacteria densities exceeding 10,000/100 ml downstream from Johnstown.





   F.  BIG THOMPSON RIVER



        Stream flow in the study reach fluctuated because of irrigation di-


                                               97

   versions and return flows.  Previous studies—  indicated that the flows



   in certain reaches are practically depleted during the irrigation season.





   Summer Survey (September 7-10, 1971)



        At RM 37.9, upstream of Loveland, the Big Thompson River was small,



   shallow, swiftly flowing, and had numerous gravelly riffles.  Bacteriolog-



   ical and chemical analyses of the water indicated that the area was free



   from major organic waste sources [Table D-4].  However, nutrients were



   sufficient to stimulate growth of attached algae covering large boulders



   submerged in the stream.  Diverse invertebrate fauna (22 kinds), including



   numerous pollution-sensitive mayfly and stonefly nymphs, were found among



   the algae and on the stream bed.  These organisms are basic food items



   for trout and other fish that inhabited this area.



        The Loveland Packing Company (RM 25.6) and the Loveland municipal



   wastewater treatment plant (RM 24.5) discharge into the Big Thompson



   River.  Subsequent investigations of these two waste sources indicated



   that the packing plant discharges about 80 Ib BOD/day and the treatment



   plant about 1,400 Ib/day.  Downstream from Loveland (RM 23.5) effects

-------
                                                                    37
of these waste loads were evident.  The water was murky (average SS


570 mg/1), smelled of sewage (fecal coliform 1,300/100 ml) [Figure 14]


and contained excessive amounts of nutrients (average values 0.7 mg/1


total P and 0.90 mg/1 NO -NO -N).  Chemical and physical changes in the


stream-bed environment adversely affected the biota.  Some sensitive


invertebrate organisms, such as immature stoneflies, were found in un-


polluted upstream habitats (RM 37.9), but were not present in bottom sam-


ples taken at KM 23.5.  There was a proportional deoo-nse in sensitive or-


ganisms and an increase in tolerant animals, such as sludgeworms, with an

                                                    2
overall increase in the total number of organisms/ft  [Figure 12].  Coupled


with an increase in BOD, TOC, and solids [Table D-4], these changes re-


flected organic pollution.


     Further downstream, at RM 16.5, the water became clear, but plant


nutrients remained in high concentrations (average values for total P of


0.5 mg/1 and N02~NO_-N of 1.2 mg/1).  These conditions provided an ideal


environment for a development of periphyton growth.  The stream bed and


algae provided a satisfactory habitat for a variety of invertebrates  (18

                                                                   2
kinds) including numerous pollution-sensitive mayfly nymphs (830/ft ) and


caddisfly larvae (34/ft2).


     At RM 8.2 the river transported silt (SS as high as 60 mg/1) that


originated from upstream, irrigation-return water.  The turbid water con-


tained a sparse amount of algae and, in low-velocity areas, the silt


settled over the original sand and gravel bottom.  The bottom animal re-


sponse to these changes, e.g., a reduction in both variety (four less

                                        2
kinds) and number of organisms (1,019/ft  less) is illustrated in


Figure 12.

-------
38
        The polluted waters of Little Thompson River enter at RM 7.0.  This




    tributary  transported suspended solids  [Table D-4], some in the form of




    drifting slimes, and high densities of  fecal-coliform bacteria  [Figure 11




    and Table  E-2] into the Big Thompson River.  Downstream at RM 0.9 the




    Big Thompson River was extremely turbid and had a SS value of. 140 mg/1.




    Fecal-coliform bacteria densities were  2,600/100 ml in this reach.  Sludge




    deposits were conspicuous; these were principally composed of slime




    filaments  that had settled to the bottom and destroyed the benthic habitat.




    Sludgeworms and fly larvae tolerated the bottom conditions and accounted




    for 99 percent of the animals that were recorded.  The fish population re-




    flected the adverse effects of pollution.  Game-fish were absent, and




    suckers dominated the population, e.g.  137 of 141 fish captured were




   white suckers.  Comparison between the  1971 and 1964 studies did not




    show any marked improvement in the environmental conditions of the Big




   Thompson River.  Sections B and D of the Basic Standards were violated.






    Fall Survey (December jv-10, 1971)




        Upstream of the Great Western Sugar Company waste source at Loveland




    (RM 25.6)  the quality of the Big Thompson River was good.  Except for ex-




   pected seasonal changes, the biological conditions were similar to those




    recorded for the area upstream of Loveland during the summer survey (RM




    37.9) [Tables G-8 and G-9],  The diverse invertebrate community (22




   kinds) included stoneflies, mayflies, and several other kinds of pollution-




   sensitive  organisms.




        Water from the Loveland municipal waste treatment plant enters the




   Big Thompson River at RM 23.5.  Downstream from this point effects of

-------
                                                                                  KEY:
  1,000,000 -
    100,000 -
     10,000 _
ta
      1000 -
        100 „
            40
               37.9
 I
32
 I
28
 I
20
   16       12

RIVER MILES
                                              23.5
                                                                                     TOTAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                     FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                         FECAL  STREPTOCOCCI
                                                         LESS  THAN VALUE
I
4
                                                                  0.9
                            Figurel4  Bacterial  Densities,  Big Thompson River, Colorado

                                                     September. 1971

-------
                                                                    39
the waste discharge were evident, as was the case during September.  The


dominance of sludgeworms (63 percent) in the bottom-dwelling animal com-

                                                            2
munity and the excessive algal growths (7.4 million cells/in ) were biotic


responses to organic wastes.


     The Great Western mill at Loveland (RM 22.0) discharged (one outfall)


an average of 800 Ib BOD/day from the lagoons.  An unknown amount of seep-


age from the lagoons was also entering the Big Thompson River.  Water


quality downstream (RM 21.0) from the Great Western discharge was similar


to that observed at RM 23.5.


     Comparison of the December data with the study results of January


1964—Indicated that there has been a substantial improvement in the qual-


ity of effluent discharged by the sugar mill.  The effluent BOD in 1964


averaged 510 mg/1, whereas the recent survey showed an average of 13 mg/1.



G.  CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER


     Numerous diversions caused flow in the Cache la Poudre River to vary


from station to station in September 1971.  For example, the river flowed


at 218 cfs as it came out of the canyon (RM 55.5).  A flow of 311 cfs from


a storage reservoir increased total flow to more than 500 cfs.  However,


this flow was reduced to about 45 cfs along its course through Fort


Collins.  Fluctuations continued downstream as water was added through


seepage, irrigation returns, and tributaries, and was reduced through di-


versions.  Near the mouth of the Cache la Poudre, the flow was 110 cfs.



Summer Survey (September 13-16., 1971)


     Upstream of Bellvue, at RM 53.6, the river was clear and swift-flow-


ing, with sparse growths of algae.  Chemically [Table D-6] and bacterio-

-------
40
    logically  [Table E-2], the water was of good quality.  A diverse inverte-




    brate  community was  found inhabiting the stream bed.  Immature stone-




    flies, mayflies, and other pollution-sensitive invertebrates were a common




    constituent  [Figure  15].  The environment was suitable for existing pop-




    ulations of  rainbow  and brown trout.




        The effluent from the Fort Collins Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 1




    entered downstream at RM 44.10.  This plant discharged to the stream




    about  1,900  Ib BOD and 3,500 Ib of SS/day.  At RM 41.2 effects of the




    waste  discharge on the river were evident.  Dense mats of algae and pond




    weeds  covered much of the stream bottom.  The aquatic growths were sus-




    tained by high concentrations of nutrients  [Table D-6] originating from




    the treatment plant.  Additional changes in the stream biota were observed




    at this station.  Several pollution-sensitive Invertebrates were elimi-




    nated while  facultative and tolerant invertebrates increased in numbers.




    This community change is the classical response of bottom-dwelling animals




    to organic pollution [Figure 15].  The fish population in this area was




    composed of  bullheads, sunfish, suckers, carp, and various minnows.




        At RM 40.2 Ft.  Collins Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 2 discharged




    approximately 1,200  Ib BOD and 1,000 Ib of SS/day into the river.




        Stream  improvement at RM 36.3 was limited by wastewater contamination




    from the Fort Collins plant No. 2, and irrigation return water.  Signs of




    improvement  included a reduction in the algal growth  [Figures 17 and 18],




    compared to  RM 41.2,  and a fish population of largemouth bass, pumpkinseed,




    bullhead, and yellow perch [Figure 19].




        Downstream, at  RM 26.5, optimum conditions existed for the production

-------
                                -N-
Niikers
                                       Flit
 FigurelS.Populations  of BeHthie Invertebrates
Cache LaPoudre River,Colorado.September,1971

-------
                                                                  41
                                                          2
of black fly larvae.  Nearly 6,000 of the 6,724 animals/ft  were immature


black flies.  These larvae feed by filtering bacteria (total coliforms


equalled 4,600/100 ml) and microscopic organic matter from the flowing


stream.  Upon emergence the terrestrial adults are a blood-feeding nui-


sance and disease-vector to man and livestock.  The BOD at this station


was 3.9 mg/1 and DO levels were above saturation.


     Stream enrichment stimulated algal growth at RM 17.9.  Prevalence of


facultative and pollution-tolerant bottom animals [Figure 15] and a toler-


ant fish population, primarily composed of minnows and suckers, reflected


the adverse effects of organic enrichment in this river stretch.


     At RM 9.4 the BOD was 1.9 mg/1 and the log mean fecal coliform den-


sity was 640/100 ml, which is within the bacterial standard (1,000/100 ml


log mean) established for this reach [Figure 16].  Immediately downstream


from this station an irrigation drain discharged about 300 Ib BOD/day,


almost doubling the load carried by the river.


     At 6th Avenue in the city of Greeley (RM 6.3) the stream showed the


effects of several irrigation drains and Eaton Draw.  The DO values


were below saturation levels, but well above the DO criterion of 5.0 mg/1.


The fecal coliform standard was violated at this station (log mean density


3,200/100 ml).


     Effects of the Greeley municipal wastewater treatment plant (RM 5.3)


were evident at RM 5.2 and 0.5.  The Greeley plant discharged from 10,000


to 22,000 Ib of BOD per day into the river (treatment efficiency varying


from 25-60 percent).  At these stations DO levels ranged from 32 to 84


percent of saturation and the DO standard (3.0 mg/1) was violated at RM 0.5.

-------
42
          Chemical  [Table  D-6]  and bacteriological  findings  [Figure  16]  indica-


     ted  that  the Cache  la Poudre was  grossly  polluted  downstream  from the


     Greeley discharge.  The  murky water  smelled  of sewage,  and  rich organic


     sludge  beds blanketed most of the stream  bottom.   These sludge  beds con-


     stituted  a violation  of  sections  B and  D  of  the Basic Standards. Sludge-

                                  2
     worms were numerous (22,810/ft )  because  of  large  amounts of  available


     food in the sludge  bed habitat.   Fish populations  near  the  mouth of the


     Cache la  Poudre  consisted  of forage  species; no game-fish were  found.


          During September, 1965, studies conducted in  the Cache la  Poudre


     River revealed that water  quality was good at  Bellvue but deteriorated


     downstream.  As  the river  flowed  through  Greeley,  this  degradation  in-


     creased because  of  the waste discharge  from  the municipal treatment


     plant.  Additional  causes  of this degradation  stem from numerous runoffs


     from irrigation  and other  agricultural  operations.   Comparison  of the


     1964-66 survey findings  with those of the 1971 survey indicated that


     the  quality of the  river has not  substantially improved in  six  years.


     [In  Figures 17 to 19  are summarized  the net  pollutional effect  on the


     algae in  1966, and  these results  are compared  with conditions in 1971.]




     Fall Survey (December £, ]_ and 13.-15, 1971)


          The  Cache la Poudre River was surveyed  from upstream of  Eaton  Draw


     (RM  7.0)  downstream to the mouth  in  order to ascertain  the  combined effect


     caused  by waste  discharges from both the  Great Western  Sugar  Company


     (Greeley)  mill and  the Greeley municipal  treatment plant.


          Upstream of Eaton Draw, the  Cache  la Poudre River  was  moderately

                                                                        2
     polluted  [Table  D-7],  Dense growths of algae  (3.8 million  cells/in )  were

-------
1,000,000 -
 100,000 -
  10,000 -
    1000 —
     100 -
        56
            53.6
46.8
          36      32     28
             RIVER  MILES
41.2    36-3                26.5
                                           24     20
                                                                                            KEY:
                                                                                              TOTAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                              FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                              FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
                                                                                             GREATER THAN VALUE
                                                                                             LESS THAN VALUE
                                                                            17.9
                                                                         6.1 5.2
                     Figurel6.Bacterial Densities, Cache La  Poudre  River, Colorado

                                              September, 1971

-------
   40—
   30'
CM
    20—
    10—I
              50
                                                     ,
                                           RIVER MILES
    Figure 17  Attached Algae (chlorophyll  «fe) Cache La  Poudre River,  Colorado 1966 and 1971

-------
    80-
    60-
    40—
<-»   20 —
          X-
                                        30           20,



                                        RIVER MILES
10
  Figurel8Allached  Algae (cells/in^)  Cache La Poudre  River, Colorado.  1966 and 1971

-------
   15 _
         1966
CJ

t/>
LU
    5 -
      60
            51.7
                                                              KEY


                                                      •    GAME FISH
                                                      D
                                        TOTAL SPECIES OF  FISH
42.5  36.3            20'. 0      10'.3

        RIVER MILES
                                                                           15 -
                                                                            5 -
                                                                 1971
                                                          60
53.6
41.
  0

o's
                                                                                                    RIVER MILES
                        Figurel9. Fish Populations,Cache  La Poudre River,Colorado. 1966 and  1971

-------
                                                                   43
found at RM 7.0.  Bacteriological studies showed log mean total- and fecal-




coliform bacteria densities of 1,800 and 150/100 ml, respectively [Table E-6]




Although DO and coliform levels were well within the established standards,




organic enrichment affected the benthos.  Sludgeworms and facultative or




pollution-tolerant fly larvae accounted for 95 percent of the bottom




animals collected.




     Eaton Draw was surveyed from upstream of the Great Western mill at




Eaton (RM 6.9/7.2) and downstream to its mouth (RM 6.9/0.1) from November




30 to December 4, 1971.  The upstream station had an average BOD value of




3.4 mg/1 [Table D-7] with the DO ranging from 8.3-10.5 mg/1.  The log




mean bacterial densities were 920/100 ml fecal coliform and 16,000/100 ml




fecal streptococci.  At the time of the survey the Great Western mill




(Eaton) and the community waste treatment plant (RM 6.6) discharged




approximately 600 Ib BOD (500 and 100, respectively) into Eaton Draw.




     Effects of these waste discharges to Eaton Draw were evident at




RM 6.5.  There the DO was found to be 3.0 mg/1 and the BOD as high as




36 mg/1.  At the mouth of the draw the DO neared saturation levels




(9.1 - 10.0) and the BOD averaged 14 mg/1 (range — 12 to 18 mg/1).




Bacterial densities were 500 fecal coliform and 6,800/100 ml fecal




streptococci.  Flows from Eaton Draw, during December 6-7 and 13-15, 1971,




averaged about 11 cfa.




     The poor water quality of the Cache la Poudre River at 6th Avenue




(Greeley) was similar to that observed upstream of Eaton Draw.  Changes




in the benthos community were limited primarily to a reduction in numbers




[Table G-ll] because of different substrate (more sand and less sludge).

-------
44
   The BOD levels had  Increased slightly  (5.0 mg/1 to 8.5 mg/1), attributable




   to inflows  from Eaton Draw.  Log mean  total coliform densities were




   1,900/100 ml.  DO levels and fecal coliform densities met the criteria.




        As a result of the Great Western  (Greeley) discharge (RM 4.3) severe




   pollution conditions continued to exist near the mouth of the river




   (RM 0.5).   This Great Western sugar-beet processing mill discharged about




   26,000 Ib of BOD dally into the stream.  The fecal coliform bacteria had




   increased by five times, to 19,000/100 ml.  The river was murky and




   covered with slimes, primarily Sphaerotilus.  There was an increase in




   Sphaerotilua growth downstream from the municipal (Greeley) treatment




   plant and the mill wastewater discharge [Figure 20].  Effects of the




   Great Western mill wastes on the benthos were masked by the upstream




   sewage discharge; sludge deposits cover much of the stream the year




   around.  These sludge deposits were attributable to sugar beet processing




   wastewater  discharges and sewage; no specific waste sources could be




   isolated as the principal contributor.




        The BOD in the Cache la Poudre River near the mouth varied from 30




   to 135 mg/1.  The swift and shallow nature of the Cache la Poudre River




   prevented DO depletion.  Dissolved oxygen saturations varied from 48 to




   63 percent  (5.1 - 7.1 mg/1) but exceeded the minimum requirements of the




   Standards.



                        4/
        A 1963-64 survey—  revealed that the river in the Greeley area was




   degraded by residual wastes.  In its course through Greeley, the river




   water quality was markedly affected; the BOD increased from approximately




   200 to 350 mg/1 (measured at both RM 9.4 and 2.9, respectively).  The lower

-------
   400-
   300-
CD
   200-
   100-
                      KEY
                   D   I
                 ALGAE  SPHAEROTILUS

                 A SUGAR  BEET PLANT
SEWAGE TREATMENT
      PLANT
      8.0
6.0
                                RIVER MILES
                          4.0
2.0
Figure 20  Periphyton from Class-Slide Substrates -  Cache  La  Poudre River
                      at  Creeley,Colorado Nov.* 1971

-------
portion of the Cache la Poudre River represented the most severe case of




surface water pollution existing in the entire South Platte River Basin




in 1964.




     Since the closure of the Great Western mill at Windsor (1966), the




mill at Eaton has installed pollution control measures; the Monfort




plant presently diverts all wastes to the Greeley wastewater treatment




plant.  In spite of the significant reduction in waste loads, the lower




reach (RM 5.3 to the mouth of the Cache la Poudre) remained severely




polluted.  In order to protect and enhance the water quality of the lower




river and if existing water quality standards are to be met, the present




waste loads from both the Greeley treatment plant and the Great Western




mill must be substantially reduced.






H.  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER




     The section of the South Platte River studied lies between Waterton




(RM 339.2), and the 1-80 Bridge (RM 81.1) near the Colorado-Nebraska




state line.





Summer Survey (August 30-September 16, 1971)




     The South Platte River at Waterton (RM 339.2) was of good quality




and did not have high numbers of coliform bacteria.  The benthos consisted




of a variety (15 kinds) of organisms, in low numbers [Figure 21], most




of which were intolerant of organic pollution.  The river had a game-fish




population of rainbow and brown trout.  Flows at this station (USGS Gage)




averaged 320 cfs during the (August 30 to September 3, 1971) sampling




period.

-------
46
        Downstream, at Blakeland Highway (RM 336.5), the river continued to



   have good water quality  [Table D-8].  The diversity of benthos increased



   to 21 kinds; pollution-sensitive and facultative forms were prevalent.



   Game-fish, such as rainbow trout and black bullheads, inhabited this



   reach.



        At the time of the  1966 studies,-  the Peter Kiewit and the Cooley



   sand and gravel companies (RM 335 and 332.5, respectively) were discharging



   highly turbid wash water directly to the South Platte River.  Levels of



   suspended solids as high as 3,586 mg/1 were recorded in the river at



   RM 335.9 in 1966 and adversely affected aquatic biota for six miles down-



   stream [Figures 22 and 23].  Since  then, both companies have constructed



   settling ponds that effectively reduced the solids content in the river



   and damages to the biota.  Game-fish did not inhabit this reach in 1966,



   but they are now present.



        At RM 334.9 no damages to aquatic biota from gravel washing were



   evident.   Suspended solids levels ranged as high as 50 mg/1.  Benthos com-



   munities were relatively diverse (14 kinds) and consisted of congruous


                                            2
   assemblages in moderate densities (337/ft ).  Game-fish (black bullheads



   and channel catfish) were collected from this reach.



        Damages to river biota from past gravel operations were still evident



   at RM 332.3 and 329.8 (Bowles Avenue).  The river was not turbid (maximum



   suspended solids detected was 40 mg/1) and the bed of the South Platte



   River reach was covered with sand.  This shifting sand provided poor



   habitat for benthic invertebrates, which are important as food for fishes.



   Benthos intolerant of organic pollution were found; brown trout inhabited

-------
 PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
DIGITALLY

-------
CM
                                1966
                                                        I
                                                        D
 KEY



TOLERANT



FACULTATIVE



SENSITIVE
                             1971
360 _
330 -
300 -
270 -
240 -
210 -
180 -

150 -
120 -
90 -
60 -
30 -



















*4
O*
«.
o
I—
1
1





1




















3600-
"£j 3300-
x 3000-
^
H-
K 2700 -
u 2400 -
oo 2100 -
1 1800-
il 1






33
«


•
i
J
I i
S39 338 337
1.2 336
«









J
n
m
.5





1

33.




(,-
1
in
n
n
i.
335.9



a 1500-
o.
oo 1200 -
900 -
600 -
•
•
H
•
1
1 1
334 339
33*-9
2 33
RIVER MILE
• 300 -
•











m
.
332 331 330
2.3 339













AUGUSTS!, 1971
^^^™^^^^^^^^^^
1 ^^^
339 338 337
.2 33








	
336 33!
t.5 33











	 a 	 1
334 333 332 331 330|
4.9 332.3 329.8
RIVER MILE
     'VALUES PLOTTED ARE FOR DAY HIGHEST READING  OCCURED
         Figure 22.  Benthos  and Suspended Solids*,Waterton to Bowles  Avenue,South Platte River,Colorado.1966 and 1971.

-------
  8 -
  7 -i
  6 -
  5-
                                1966
 I     I    I   .  .
339   338  337  2
                                        332  331   330
                 336.5
                                      332.3
                    335.9 335.2
                   RIVER MILE
 VALUES PLOTTED ARE FOR DAY HIGHEST READING OCCURED
                                                           CO

                                                           CO
                                                                  KEY


                                                                i   GAME


                                                                D   NON-GAME
3600-



3300-



3000-



2700-



2400-



2100-


1800-



1500-



1200-



 900-



 600-



 300-
                               1971
                                                                                         AUG  31,1971
                       339 338  337  336  335
                     339.2
                                                                                          336.5    334.9
                                     RIVER MILE
332.3
329.8
Figure 23.  Fish Populations and Suspended  Solids*,Waterton to  Bowles Avenue,South  Platte River,Colorado.1966 and 1971;

-------
                                                                    47
the upatream reach (RM 332.3).  However, the numbers and varieties of




benthic organisms were severely reduced in these reaches [Figure 21],




Thus, an important source of fish-food continued to be damaged in




September, 1971.




     Downstream the effluent from the Littleton Waste Treatment Plant




enters the South Platte River at RM 327.6.  An evaluation of this plant




revealed that approximately 1,500 Ib of BOD and 2,100 Ib of suspended




solids were being discharged into the river dally.  At RM 326.A Bear




Creek joins the South Platte.  Earlier in this report this creek was




described as being enriched at its mouth.




     Waste from the Englewood Waste Treatment Plant discharges to the




river at RM 325.1.  A previous investigation of this plant indicated that




about 4,000 Ib of BOD and 5,600 Ib of SS were being discharged daily.




The effects were evident at the Florida Avenue bridge (RM 323.2).  The




BOD increased on all sampling days and measured as high as 7.8 rag/1.




Suspended solids increased to as high as 120 mg/1.  Because these organic




materials did not settle immediately to the river bottom, benthos were




not severely affected in this reach.  The benthos consisted of 15 kinds




of organisms including several intolerant forms in low numbers [Figure 21].




     During the studies—  in 1964-65, more than 130 wastewater outfalls




were found along the South Platte River from Florida Avenue to the mouth




of Cherry Creek (RM 317.7); nineteen of these were sampled and, of these,




seven contained BOD in excess of 100 mg/1 (four were greater than




400 mg/1).  In combination, these various sources were contributing sever-




al thousand pounds of BOD to the river daily.  It has been reported that

-------
48
   the majority of these waste sources have (since the 1964-65 studies) been




   controlled through their connection to the Metro treatment plant.—




        Organic materials settled on the river bottom, at BM 317.8, producing




   a habitat suitable for pollution-tolerant species.  Caddisflies were eli-




   minated; other intolerant forms constituted only three percent of benthic




   invertebrates (as compared with 23 percent at RM 323.2).  Conversely,




   pollution-tolerant invertebrates increased from 21 to 75 percent of the




   total population.




        Cherry Creek, described as severely polluted during the 1964-65




   studies,—  appeared moderately polluted at the mouth in 1971 [Tables D-l




   and E-l].  Bacterial contamination was evident (log mean fecal coliform den-




   sity was 780/100 ml).  The benthic community was dominated by pollution-




   tolerant and facultative organisms, such as sludgeworms and midges.




   Intolerant caddisflies and mayflies constituted about one percent of




   the benthos.




        The South Flatte River remained degraded downstream from Cherry




   Creek.  The benthos at RM 317.3 (19th Street bridge) were dominated by




   pollution-tolerant forms; the density of organisms did not increase




   materially.  Flows, at this station, ranged from 291 to 344 cfs  (average




   307) from August 30 to September 3.




        During the 1964-65 studies—  there were about 100 storm sewers and out-




   falls located in the reach from Cherry Creek (RM 317.7) downstream to York




   Street (RM 313.4); twenty-five of these were sampled; several were found




   to contain BOD in excess of 250 rag/1 and fecal coliform densities greater




   than three million MPN/100 ml, thus indicating that these discharges con-




   tained raw sewage.  One of these outfalls was located at 47th Avenue.

-------
                                                                    49
On several occasions, during August and September 1971, raw sewage was




observed being discharged from this outfall.  Raw sewage was also ob-




served overflowing at a manhole near Franklin Street (RM 314.3).  It




was evident from the huge sludge bank just downstream that there had




been large overflow volumes entering the river for a prolonged period.




Water samples collected at the York Street-South Platte station were




severely contaminated by fecal matter.  The number of fecal coliform bac-




teria was greater than 13,000/100 ml (log mean) which is in violation




of the standard of 1,000/100 ml established for this reach.  The levels




of suspended solids were high in this reach.  Levels of DO at the York




Street station ranged from 5.6 to 7.4 mg/1.




     Downstream (RM 312.5) the Cherokee Plant of the Public Service Company




of Colorado discharged about 10 mgd of cooling water into the South Platte




River.  Suspended solids in the discharge were measured at SO mg/1.




     The Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District #1 Plant (RM 312.2)




treats the majority (more than 80 percent) of the Denver area domestic




wastes and is one of the most significant pollution sources in the South




Platte River Basin.  Wastewaters discharged daily from August 30 to Sep-




tember 3, 1971 contained about 60 mg/1 BOD (62,000 Ib/day) and 85 mg/1 sus-




pended solids (88,000 Ib/day).  During an in-plant survey in early August,




bacteriological analyses of the effluent Indicated total coliforms ranged




from 6,600 to 14,000,000/100 ml, 230 to 430,000/100 ml of which were  fecal




coliform bacteria.  Adequate disinfection was not being practiced at  this




plant.




     During the August 1971 survey the flow in Sand Creek (RM 312.1/0.1)




was primarily overflow from the Burlington Ditch which contained raw

-------
50
   sewage  discharges.  The  creek smelled of sewage and was gray in color.


   Densities  of  total  coliform bacteria were greater than 110,000/100 ml


   (log mean  value), and the log mean level of fecal coliform bacteria was


   8,800/100  ml  [Table E-l].  Benthic invertebrates, dominated by pollution-


   tolerant sludgeworms, inhabited the creek bottom in dense populations

           2
   (1,494/ft  ).  The diversity of organisms was limited to six kinds; most


   were pollution-tolerant  or facultative forms.


       The South Platte River became severely polluted downstream from


   Metro and  Sand Creek.  At RM 311.5 the odor of sewage was strong and the


   water was  gray, turbid,  and covered with foam.  The river bed was .blan-


   keted with organic  sludge.  The benthic community was limited to seven  .


   kinds and  consisted mostly of pollution-tolerant sludgeworms and snails.


   Violations of Sections B and D of the Basic Standards were evident.


       Pollutants discharged to the South Platte River by Clear Creek


   (RM 311.1) additionally  degraded the water quality of the South Platte


   River.  Pollutants  from  all these sources (Metro, Sand Creek, and


   Clear Creek) had settled to the river bottom, forming sludge beds that


   were evident  from Clear  Creek to Ft. Lupton — approximately 23 river


   miles.  The densities of coliform.bacteria were equivalent to those of


   many sewers;  fecal  coliform bacteria numbered more than 7,900/100 ml and


   total coliform bacteria numbered more than 320,000/100 ml [Figure 24].


   Dissolved  oxygen values were depressed to levels that cannot be tolerated


   by fish for extended periods [Table D-8].


       Downstream from the Metro discharge, the DO approached the criterion


   of 3.0 mg/1 at 88th Avenue, Brighton, and Fort Lupton and fell below the

-------
VIOLATION  OF WATER QUALITY




STANDARDS FOR BACTERIA




(1OOO FECAL COLIFORMS/1OO ML)
                                     100,000 -
                                      10,000 -
                                        1000 -





                        CHERRY Cr. § MOUTH




                                         100
           1,000,000
            100,000
             10,000
               1000 -
                100
                   342
                    339.2
                                                                                                      KEY:
                                                              SAND  Cr. @ MOUTH
                                            i.o
     326      318
                                                                                                            TOTAL COLIFORMS
                                                                           FECAL COLIFORMS
                                                                                                            FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
                                                                           GREATER THAN VALUE
                                                                           LESS THAN VALUE
329.8
   313.4


317.3
    RIVER MILES
                 i

301.7           288.2
276.7   270.1  264.7
256.1 252.5   246.5


       250.6
            Figure24   Bacterial  Densities,  South Platte River From Waterton  to  Kersey, Colorado  September,  1971

-------
                                                                  51
criterion at Henderson (dissolved oxygen levels were measured during a


24-hour period at these stations).  The concentrations of suspended solids


were extremely high; much of this material was in the form of organic


compounds.  Total organic carbon levels were highest when river flows


were greatest, thus indicating that settled materials were being re-


suspended by high-flow turbulence.  These pollutants were damaging to


South Platte River biota.


     At 88th Avenue (RM 308.8) the number of benthic invertebrates in-

                 2
creased to 732/ft  with a variety of only eight kinds.  Ninety-two percent


of these organisms were pollution-tolerant sludgeworms.  This condition


persisted at Henderson (RM 301.7).  Downstream from this station the


effluent from the South Adams Water and Sanitation District plant (RM


306.7) discharged to the South Platte River.  An in-plant evaluation re-


vealed that the effluent had daily BOD and SS loads of 940 and 2,200


pounds, respectively.  The waste load from this plant and the residual


wastes from the Metro Denver plant sustained pollution conditions at

                                                              2
Henderson (RM 301.7).  Benthic organisms increased to 1,424/ft  with


a diversity of six kinds.  Pollution-tolerant sludgeworms accounted for


more than 90 percent of the benthos.  Fish collected at Henderson con-


sisted of the non-game species.  Flows at this station ranged from 275


to 794 cfs (average, 489) during this study period (from August 30 to


September 3, 1971).


     Effluent from the Brighton waste treatment plant enters the stream


at RM 295.8.  The plant discharged approximately 600 Ib BOD and 900 Ib


suspended solids per day during the in-plant survey.  The Fort Lupton

-------
52
   plant (RM 288.6) discharged negligible amounts of BOD and suspended


   solids.  A large feedlot (Manein! Feedlot) borders the South Platte


   River between Brighton and Fort Lupton.  The extent of pollution from


   this source was not determined.


        Conditions at Brighton (RM 296.1) and Fort Lupton (RM 288.2) were


   similar to those noted at Henderson.  Benthlc organisms Increased to

           o                         2
   2,292/ft  at Brighton and 3,268/ft  at Fort Lupton.  Pollution-tolerant


   sludgeworms accounted for more than 90 percent of the benthos.


        At Plattevllle (RM 276.7) the quality of the South Platte River


   remained degraded.  Fecal-collform bacteria densities were less than


   values recorded upstream, but averaged 4,700/100 ml.  The BOD values


   ranged from 5.4 to 9.6 mg/1, but DO levels (4.0-6.6 mg/1) were not severely

                                                                       2
   depressed.  The density of benthlc Invertebrates decreased to 409/ft  and


   tolerant forms made up 57 percent.  Only ten kinds of Invertebrates In-


   habited this reach; most were tolerant and facultative forms [Figure 25].


   All fish collected were of the non-game species.


        The reach of river from Plattevllle (RM 270.1) to just downstream


   from the mouth of the Big Thompson River (RM 256.1) was surveyed during


   September 7 to 10, 1971.  The chemical quality was similar to that pre-


   viously recorded upstream [Table D-8] at RM 276.1.  However, the number


   of fecal collform bacteria Increased to 11,000/100 ml and the DO level


   was below 4.0 mg/1 on one occasion.


        St. Vraln Creek enters the river at RM 270.0.  Downstream from the


   St. Vraln confluence at the Colorado Highway 60 bridge, the quality of the


   river Improved because of the diluting effect of the St. Vraln waters.

-------
BRIGHTON
                                                                             -N-
                                                                      Numbers pir.Square Foot
                                                    Figure 25 Populations of Benthic Invertebrates



                                                               South  Plalte  River,(Brighton to Kersey)

-------
The South Platte River contained less suspended solids (10-130 mg/1) at

RM 264.7 than at 270.1 (20-200 mg/1) and DO levels exceeded 5 mg/1.  The

community of benthic invertebrates, although dominated by facultative

organisms and consisting of only twelve kinds, contained several kinds

of intolerant organisms.  The density of benthos decreased to only 69
            2
organisms/ft  in this reach.

     The South Platte River was degraded, but not severly polluted, from

RM 264.7 to downstream from the mouth of Big Thompson River RM 256.1.

Log mean coliform bacteria levels were excessive (total greater than

34,000, fecal; 2,400/100 ml) at RM 256.1, between LaSalle and Evans.

The BOD ranged from 3.1 to 12 mg/1 at the latter station; the DO levels

ranged from 5.6 to 7.5 mg/1, i.e., above the criterion of 3.0 mg/1.

     From September 13 to 16, 1971, the reach of the South Platte River

extending from RM 252.5 (east of Evans) downstream to Kersey (RM 246.5)

was surveyed.  Flow conditions were affected by precipitation (an increase

from 50 to 150 cfs) during the survey period.  The quality of the South

Platte River east of Evans (RM 252.5) was generally better than at

RM 256.1.  Because of high flows, only six kinds of benthic invertebrates
                                     2
were collected, at: a density of 74/ft .  Of these, approximately equal

proportions (13 percent) were tolerant and sensitive forms.  Fish popu-

lations consisted of non-game species, such as longnose suckers, minnows,

and carp.  The BOD was low (2.0 mg/1 average) and the DO levels ranged

from 7.6 to 8.8 mg/1.

     At RM 250.6 the quality of the river was similar to that recorded at

RM 252.5.  The DO levels were well above the Basic Standard (range 6.9 to

8.5 mg/1).

-------
54
        At Kersey (RM 246.5) the South Platte River again became severely


   polluted as a result of the Cache la Poudre River inflow.  The total


   coliform (33,000/100 ml) and fecal coliform bacteria (2,000/100 ml) were


   excessive.   Because of a shifting sand substrate the density of benthic

                                       2
   organisms was recorded at only 58/ft .  Pollution-tolerant sludgeworms


   increased to 37 percent of the population and intolerant forms decreased


   to three percent.


        A limited survey, during September 27-29, 1971, was conducted from


   Ovid, Colorado (RM 95.4) to the 1-80 bridge in Nebraska (RM 81.1) in order


   to ascertain bacteriological conditions prior to the seasonal operation of


   the Great Western Sugar Company mill at Ovid.  Bacteriological analyses


   indicated that the log mean total and fecal coliform bacterial densities


   were less than 2,000 and 250/100 ml respectively, at all stations.


        In summary,  the water quality of the South Platte River in 1971 was


   similar to that found in 1964 and 1966, with the exception of one area.


   In the reach near the Cooley and the Kiewit sand and gravel companies


   (RM 335 and 332.5, respectively) the loads of suspended solids have de-


   creased; the layer of sand on the river bed should eventually dissipate


   sufficiently for the establishment of a desirable benthic biota and more


   game-fish.



   Fall Surveys (November - December, 1971)


        From November 17 to 21, 1971, a bacteriological survey was conducted


   from the 19th Street (RM 317.3) location to the Colorado Highway 224 (RM


   310.9) crossing.   Effects of waste discharges, primarily that from the


   Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal Plant (Metro), on the quality of the

-------
                                                                    55
                                                            127
South Platte River were ascertained [Table E-7].  The survey—Indicated



that violations of the bacteriological standard (1,000/100 ml log mean)



were occurring at the York Street location.  Downstream from the Metro



discharge the log mean fecal-coliform bacteria densities exceeded 7,000/



100 ml.  Salmonella, a pathogenic bacterium, was isolated in both the



river and Burlington Ditch at York Street and in the South Platte down-



stream from Metro.



     Flow in the river during December was about one-fourth of that ob-



served during the August-September stream survey.  From December 13 to



17, 1971, water samples were collected for chemical analyses in the reach



from 19th Street to 88th Avenue.  Findings [Table D-9] illustrated the



effects of the Metro discharge on receiving water quality.  To improve


                                                   127
water quality in this reach it has been recommended-^—  that the Metro



plant discharge an effluent which contains not greater than 10 mg/1 each



of BOD and suspended solids.



     Four Great Western Sugar Company mills discharge treated wastewater



directly into the South Platte River.  These plants are located in or



near the cities of Brighton (RM 295.7), Fort Morgan (RM 196.2), Sterling



(RM 150.4), and Ovid (RM 94.8).  Sampling stations were established up-



stream of and downstream from each of these sugar beet processing mills



in order to evaluate the impact of mill waste discharges on the water



quality and biota in the river.



     Upstream (RM 296.1) of the Great Western Company mill at Brighton



the South Platte River was polluted by waste discharges from metropolitan



Denver.  The stream was murky and sludge deposits blanketed portions of



the bottom.  Water samples from this reach were seriously contaminated

-------
56
  with bacteria  (log mean  of >760,000 total coliform; 31,000  fecal coliform,


  and 22,000  fecal  streptococci/100 ml of water).  Benthic invertebrates


  consisted of eight kinds, with 95 percent being pollution-tolerant sludge-


  worms  [Table G-13].  Dissolved oxygen  (5.1 to 5.4 mg/1) in  this reach was


  depressed by the  residual wastes from  upstream discharges.


       The effluent  from the Brighton wastewater treatment plant enters the


  river  at RM 295.8.  Bacterial densities (total coliform >910,000/100 ml,


  fecal  coliform 31,000/100 ml) downstream from this discharge (RM 295.7


  upstream of the Great Western mill discharge) were similar  to those at


  RM 296.1.


       Nutrients discharged by this municipal treatment plant stimulated


  dense  growths  of Sphaerotilus and algae [Figure 26],  The number of ben-

                                       2
  thic invertebrates decreased to 71/ft  ; of the five kinds found, 90 per-


  cent were sludgeworms.   Dissolved oxygen was depressed; it  ranged from


  4.5 to 5.0  mg/1.


       Downstream (RM 294.4) from the Great Western mill (Brighton) dis-


  charge (RM  295.7) degradation of the South Platte water quality continued.


  The effluent from the sugar mill was low in BOD (230 Ib/day BOD) and in


  bacterial contamination  (>110 and 1,700/100 ml fecal coliform and fecal

                                                                *
  streptococci,  respectively).  However, nutrient concentrations  were


  adequate to stimulate massive growths  of slimes and algae [Figures 26


  and 27].


       Bacterial contamination values of the South Platte River, downstream
  * Data, reported by the Great Western Company for October-December  1971,
    show phosphorus in the range of 0.05 to 0.25 mg/1 and nitrogen  ranging
    from 17.5 to 20.4 mg/1.

-------
  4.0 -i
   3.fl-
ex*
 '  2.0
CO
                                                  KEY
                    ALGAE   SPHAEROTILUS

                      ASUGAR BEET PLANT

                      ASEWAGE TREATMENT
                               PLANT
     297
295'
                              RIVER MILES
293
 I
291
      Figure 26 Pcriphyton from Class-Slide  Sublrates -  South Plalle River

                       al Brighton,Colorado Nov.  1971

-------
                                                 KEY
   0.6H
   0.4'
C4
   0.2-
A SUGAR BEET  PLANT

A SEWAGE TREATMENT
         PLANT
     297
295
      293
291
                                RIVER  MILES
  Figure 27Kxlracled Chlorophyll 2&-Volalile Solids Ratio from Class-Slide

         Substrates -  South  Platte  River  at  Brighton,Colorado Nov. 1971

-------
                                                                  57
from all municipal and industrial waste discharges in the Brighton area,




were similar to those often found in sewers; fecal-coliform bacteria den-




sities were 77,000/100 ml and fecal streptococci were 51,000/100 ml, while




total coliform bacteria numbered more than one million/100 ml of water.




Benthos collected from the sludge-covered river bed were dominated by




sludgeworms (86 percent).  The DO ranged from 4.5 to 5.3 mg/1.  During




the December 6 to 10, 1971 survey, flows increased from an average of



200 cfs at Henderson (RM 301.7) to an average of 322 cfs at Fort Lupton



(RM 288.2).




     Studies conducted both in January 1964 and January 1965 indicated



that the South Platte River, upstream from the Great Western mill (Brigh-


                                                4/
ton), was polluted by organic waste from Denver.—   The river near Brighton




carried over 42,000 Ib of BOD (flow of approximately 100 cfs), with the




Great Western mill adding about 27,000 Ib.  The DO upstream of this sugar




beet processing mill was as low as 3.1 mg/1; downstream the DO was reduced




to 1.7 mg/1.  Waste loads carried by the South Platte upstream of Brighton,




as determined during the 1971 survey, were of the same magnitude as in 1964




and 1965; however, with the waste load reduction at the sugar beet mill,




there was only a minor increase in the waste load carried downstream.




     Water quality conditions were examined (during December 6-7, and 13-15,




1971) on the South Platte River, both upstream and downstream from the Cache




la Poudre River, in order to determine the effects of the discharges from




the municipal waste treatment plant and the Great Western Sugar Company



mill — both in Greeley.  These two sources discharged a combined BOD load




of about 35,000 Ib/day.  Upstream (RM 250.6) of its confluence with the




Cache la Poudre River, the South Platte River appeared moderately polluted

-------
58
  by  residual wastes. ' Bacterial  densities  (log mean) were  greater  than




  140,000/100 ml  total coliform,  4,300/100  ml  fecal  coliform,  and




  11,000/100 ml fecal streptococci.  Downstream,  at  RM  246.5,  the fecal




  coliform  densities increased by a  factor  of  about  four.   Dense growths




  of Sphaerotilus developed.  Sludgeworms increased  in  numbers, replacing




  the pollution-sensitive insects observed  upstream  of  the  Cache la Poudre




  River confluence.—



                                4/
       A comparison with studies— conducted in both January of 1964 and




  of 1965 indicated that although there has been  some restoration of quality,




  additional improvement is necessary.  During the time of  the earlier




  studies the Cache la Poudre was carrying  each day more than  150,000 pounds




  BOD to the South Platte River.   At that time three sugar-beet processing




  mills and the Monfort of Colorado packing plant were  all  discharging to




  the Cache la Poudre River.  The daily residual waste  carried by the South




  Platte River upstream of the mouth of the Cache la Poudre River was about




  80,000 pounds BOD.  The BOD level upstream ranged  from 43 to 54 mg/1,




  while downstream (RM 246.6) it  ranged from 73 to 99 mg/1  and DO decreased




  to 3.0 mg/1.



       In 1971, water quality improvement in the  South  Platte had been




  achieved by additional treatment at the Longmont (St. Vrain  Creek Basin),




  Loveland and Johnstown (Big Thompson River Basin), and at the Eaton (Cache




  la Poudre River Basin) Great Western sugar mills,  and by  the closure of




  the Windsor mill.  The BOD level upstream ranged from 7.5 to 15 mg/1,




  while downstream (RM 246.5) it  ranged from 16 to 36 mg/1  and the  DO




  ranged from 7.6 to 9.1 mg/1 [Table D-10].  However, further  improvement




  is necessary to prevent water-quality degradation  in  the  South Platte River.

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                                                                    59
     From upstream of Fort Morgan (RM 196.6) downstream to the 1-80


bridge in Nebraska (RM 81.1) the river was surveyed at selected stations


(upstream and downstream from Great Western Fort Morgan, Sterling, Jules-


burg and Ovid sugar mill discharges) during the period November 29 to


December 3, 1971.  Stream flows were measured at the USGS gages located


at Weldona, Balzac and Julesburg [Table D-ll].  Irrigation diversions and


accretions caused flow variations between these points. During the survey


the flows at Kersey (RM 246.6) and at Weldona (RM 203.9) averaged 874 and


288 cfs, respectively.  The decrease in flow between these two points was


attributed to diversions for storage.


     Water quality of the South Platte River upstream of Fort Morgan was


improved over that observed at Kersey.  Bacterial densities were reduced


to a log mean total coliform of 500, fecal coliform of 53, and fecal strepto-


cocci of 950/100 ml.  Algal and slime growths were minor [Table F-2]


and the sandy stream bed was free from sludge deposits.  The bottom-


dwelling animals were limited to nine kinds of organisms due to the shift-


ing sand bottom.  The presence of mayflies and caddisflies indicated the


absence of the severe pollution.


     During the time of the survey, the Great Western sugar mill at Fort


Morgan (RM 196.2/0.80) discharged approximately 2,300 Ib per day of BOD.


(Company data indicated that effluent loads up to 26,000 Ib per day of BOD


were discharged during the 1971-72 campaign).  Nutrients from the mill dis-


charge sustained slimes and algae in this river reach [Figure 28].


Although pollution did not result in serious bacterial contamination


[Table E-9] or sludge accumulation, it did have an adverse affect on ben-

                                                    2
thos.  Bottom-dwelling invertebrates numbered 257/ft  and were represented

-------
60
  by five, kinds of which sludgeworms accounted for about 83 percent.



       At Sterling, upstream of the Great Western mill (BM 151.6), the


  bacterial densities were low (log mean densities of 150 total colifonn,


  less than 22 fecal colifonn, and 150/100 ml fecal streptococci) and



  excessive slime or algal growths were absent [Table F-2],  Of the six



  kinds of organisms collected 95 percent were pollution-tolerant sludge-



  worms, while intolerant forms were limited to a few caddisflies and a


  single type of mayfly [Table G-13].  The benthic invertebrate community



  indicated that this river reach was degraded.  The BOD was low  [Table D-ll]


  and the DO level was adequate (10.2 to 11.5 mg/1).


       The Great Western Sugar Company mill at Sterling discharged about



  1,450 Ib per day of BOD during the time of the survey.  Bacterial den-


  sities (log mean) measured 370/100 ml fecal-coliform bacteria and more


  than 860,000/100 ml fecal streptococci.  The low-fecal colifonn densities


  were attributed to the toxic effect of high pH (range 8.4 to 8.6).


       Downstream from the Sterling mill discharge (BM 150.0) the South


  Platte River was severely polluted.  Massive growths of slimes and algae


  covered logs, rocks, and other submerged objects [Figure 29].  Fecal-


  coliform bacteria density was 63/100 ml (log mean), but other more


  tolerant forms of bacteria survived, resulting in total collform and


  fecal streptococci densities of greater than 350,000 and 31,000/100 ml,


  respectively.  Pollution was so intense at RM 150.0 that the pollution-

                                                                     2
  tolerant sludgeworms were virtually eliminated (reduced from 752/ft  at

                  2                    :            .  '
  RM 151.6 to 6/ft ).  Sections B and D of the Basic Standards were vio-



  lated in this reach of the river.

-------
    2.0-1
    1.5 -
CD
    1.0-
    0.5-
       197
                                        D
                                            KEY
           ALGAE   SPHAEROTILUS
              A SUGAR BEET  PLANT
195                  193
      RIVER MILES
191
      Figure  28  Periphylon from Glass-Slide Substrates - South Plalle River

                      at Fort  Morgan,Colorado  Nov.  1971

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  4.0-n
   3.
-------
                                                                  61
     Water quality was good in the South Platte River at RM 95.4 (up-



stream of the Great Western sugar mill at Ovid).  Coliform bacteria



numbered 1,900/100 ml total and 140/100 ml fecal.  The BOD was 3.5 mg/1.



Growths of algae and slimes were low [Table F-2].  The river water was



clear and the sand bottom free from sludge deposits.  Benthos were limited



to eight kinds because the shifting sand was a poor habitat.  However,



the invertebrates included sensitive forms such as caddisflies and may-



flies indicating this stream reach was free from serious pollution.



(A survey, conducted by the South Platte River Basin Project during Decem-



ber 1963, showed fecal coliform concentrations of more than 300/100 ml and


                                                          4/
a BOD of more than 3 mg/1 during similar flow conditions.)—



     Downstream (RM 94.0) from the Great Western sugar mill (Ovid) dis-



charge the log mean fecal coliform densities increased by a factor of



2,000 times, and the BOD increased to 13 mg/1.  This discharge stimulated



algal and slime growth.  Sludge deposits blanketed portions of the sandy



stream bed.  These deposits, composed of organic materials, provided hab-



itat and food for the sludgeworm-dominated benthic community [Table G-13].



In this reach violations of Sections B and D of the Basic Standards were



observed.



     At Julesburg (RM 86.9), upstream of the municipal waste treatment



plant discharge, the quality of the South Platte River, although improved,



was degraded.  Algal and slime growths were reduced [Figure 30].  Bacterial



contamination remained high, with a log mean fecal coliform level of



93,000/100 ml and a fecal streptococci density of more than 150,000/100 ml.



The water was clear.  The sandy bottom supported a limited amount of

-------
62
                                        2

   benthos (seven kinds,  13 organisms/ft )  including a few pollution-sensitive



   forms (i.e.  caddisflies) .



        The Julesburg waste treatment plant discharges at  KM 86.6.   Flow



   was estimated at 0.2 mgd and  the fecal coliform density (log mean)  in the



   effluent was 160,000/100 ml,  at least one order of magnitude less than the



   density at the Great Western  mill discharge (>1.9 X 10  /100 ml).   However,



   the contribution from  the Julesburg plant was  not meeting the  disinfection



   requirements of the State of  Colorado.



        The South Platte  River,  downstream  from the Colorado-Nebraska state



   line (RM 81.1), was polluted.  Although  the water was clear, it was bac-



   terially contaminated.  It contained total and fecal coliform  densities



   (log mean) of 610,000  and 120,000/100 ml, respectively, and these densities



   were 60 times greater  than those allowed by the Nebraska bacterial cri-


          14/
   terion.—'   In this reach dense algal growth bordered the stream  bed.


                                  2

   Benthos numbered about 5,900/ft  of which 83 percent were pollution-



   tolerant sludgeworms.


                                              4/
        Studies conducted during December 1963—  from Fort Morgan to the



   Colorado-Nebraska state line  were compared with the 1971 findings.   During



   the earlier  survey the sugar  mills at Fort Morgan, Sterling, and  Ovid



   daily discharged more  than 93,000 pounds of BOD to the  South Platte



   River (Fort  Morgan mill, 16,000 Ib/day;  Sterling mill,  42,000; and



   Ovid mill, 35,000).  Very high bacterial counts (total-and fecal-coliform)



   were observed downstream from these discharges.  At times a complete lack



   of  oxygen was observed.   At the Colorado-Nebraska state line,  total and



   fecal coliform bacteria densities were about 750,000 and 35,000 MPN/100 ml,



   respectively.

-------
  2.0-1
  !.§••
I
LU
I
r,
CO
.0.
GO
  0.5
                                               n
                                                  KEY
                                          ALGAE  SPHAEROTILUS
                                          A SUGAR BEET PLANT
                                          ASEWAGE TREATMENT
                                                  PLANT
                                  90
                                  RIVER MILES
                                                  85
80
      FigureSO  Periphyton  from  Class-Slide  Substrates  - South Platte River,
                     Colorado-Nebraska Slate Line  Nov. 1971

-------
     In summary, the November and December 1971 survey of the South Platte




River showed that water pollution control measures in operation at the




Brighton Great Western mill have reduced the amount of degradation of water




quality downstream.  Residual wastes from the Metropolitan Denver area have




continued to pollute the river.  Conditions in the river upstream and down-




stream from the Cache la Poudre River were improved over those observed in




1964 and 1965; however, additional treatment is required in the Greeley area.




Water quality conditions have improved in the reach from Fort Morgan to




the Colorado-Nebraska state line by additional pollution control at the




three sugar mills.  However, additional measures are necessary if the




water quality standards in the South Platte River are to be met.

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64

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                                                                       65
                     V.  WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS






     A total of 44 industrial and 23 municipal waste sources were investi-




gated during the period August 1, 1971 to February 5, 1972.  Nine indus-




trial sources were sugar-beet-processing mills owned by the Great Western




Sugar Company.  Individual municipal-waste-sources reports are contained




in the report entitled  Technical Appendix on Municipal Waste-Source




Evaluations, Water Quality Investigation in the South Platte River Basin,




Colorado, 1971-72.   Industrial-investigation reports are contained in




the report entitled  'Technical Appendix on Industrial Waste-Source Evalua-




tions,  Water Quality Investigations in the South Platte River Basin,




Colorado, 1971-72.   Waste treatment recommendations for municipal and




industrial waste sources were based on the following factors:




     1.  Expected low flows In the receiving stream determined by an




     examination of available flow records;




     2.  Compliance with applicable water quality standards;




     3.  Installation, at industrial sources, of best practicable treat-




     ment technology currently available;




     4.  Pretreatment of industrial wastes, where applicable, prior to




     discharge to municipal treatment plant, to levels comparable with that




     expected of untreated domestic sewage (250 mg/1 biochemical oxygen




     demand and suspended solids);




     5.  Effluent limits for municipal discharges consistent with those




     established for industries using best practicable treatment technology.

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66
       Of the 44 industries visited, twenty-three were selected for in-plant

  sampling to determine the waste loads discharged and the adequacy of

  present pollution control practices.  [A summary of the analytical results,

  and abatement needs for the industrial waste sources, are contained in

  Tables 1-1 through 1-5.]  The following industries require additional

  pollution abatement measures:

              Adolph Coors Company — Golden, Colorado
              Great Western Sugar Company plants at Greeley, Ovid,
               Johnstown, Longmont, Fort Morgan and Sterling
              Continental Oil Company — Commerce City, Colorado
              Refinery Corporation — Commerce City, Colorado
              Weld County By-Products Company — Greeley, Colorado
              Loveland Packing Company — Loveland, Colorado

       Pollution abatement needs were apparent at the following industries

  which were not sampled:

              Burlington Northern Railroad, Inc. — Denver, Colorado
              Floyd Haag Sand and Gravel Company — Loveland, Colorado

       The twenty-three municipal waste treatment plants that were investi-

  gated discharged more than 95 percent of the municipal wastes generated

  in the South Platte River Basin.  The following plants were not meeting the

  80 percent minimum BOD removal requirement of the State of Colorado:

       Baker Water and Sanitary District
       Boulder Pearl Street
       Boulder 75th Street
       Brighton ^
       Englewood
       Fort Collins Plant #1
       Fort Morgan
       Greeley
       Julesburg
       Longmont
       Loveland
       Littleton
       Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District //I Plant (Metro)
  * The Englewood plant was being expanded at the time of the evaluation.
    Operational procedures had been modified to accomodate the construction
    activities.

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                                                                     67


     South Adams Water and Sanitation District
     South Lakewood Sanitation District
     Sterling
     Wheatridge

     [A summary of the analytical results and abatement needs for the

municipal plants is contained in Tables 1-6 through 1-10.]  A brief dis-

cussion of the waste sources discharging into selected reaches of the

South Platte River and its tributaries follows.


A.   SOUTH PLATTE RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES-WATERTON TO PLATTEVILLE

     Within this portion of the basin the discharges from municipal waste

treatment plants and Adolph Coors Brewery were the major sources of
                                   *
pollution.  The 11 municipal plants  evaluated in this portion of the

basin discharged more than 140 mgd of which approximately 115 mgd (82 per-

                               127
cent) were discharged by Metro.—  The Metro plant also discharged about
                                    LI
75 percent of the BOD load.  Studies-  in 1964-65 indicated that the BOD

load discharged by municipal plants in the study reach was about 135,000

Ib/day.  During the 1971-72 surveys, an estimated 55,000 Ib/day (including

the wastes from Coors) originated from waste sources in this reach.

     Industrial discharges in the reach totaled approximately 45 mgd in

1971 of which 75 percent was cooling water discharged by the plants of

the Public Service Company of Colorado.  During an in-plant survey in

February the Coors brewery (Golden) was discharging about 7,900 Ib per

day of BOD to Clear Creek.  The brewery discharge constitutes the largest
                                                                  21
single waste source to this stream.  South Platte Project studies,—
* The Littleton, Englewood, South Lakewood Sanitation District, Metro,
  South Adams Water and Sanitation District, and Brighton and Ft. Lupton
  plants discharge directly to the South Platte River.  The Wheatridge
  Sanitation District, Clear Creek Valley Sanitation District, Arvada,
  and Baker Water and Sanitation District plants discharge to Clear Creek.

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68


 conducted in 1964-65, showed that the brewery discharged less than 700


 pounds/day of BOD (2.7 mgd at 30 mg/1).  Coors was reported to have been


 operating its plant at 96 percent efficiency.  An in-plant survey (see


 Technical Appendix on Industrial Waste Source Evaluations) revealed


 that the Company was providing about 81 percent removal of BOD.  However,


 the waste discharge from this plant has increased by a factor of ten


 since 1964.


      Downstream from Golden four municipal plants discharged about 6.5


 mgd containing 3,600 Ib BOD/day to Clear Creek or one of its tributaries.


 Studies—  (in 1964) indicated that approximately 22,000 Ib per day of


 BOD were being discharged to the stream from nine plants, including


 Coors.  With the construction of the Metro plant and the diversion of all


 or a portion of the flow from some of these plants to Metro, there has


 been a substantial BOD reduction.  Total loads now discharged daily by


 the combination of the Adolph Coors Brewery and the four municipal plants


 are about 11,000-12,000 pounds.  The four municipal plants treat less than


 five percent of the total municipal waste flow in the Denver Metropolitan


 area.  Three of these plants — Wheatridge Sanitation District, Arvada,


 and Baker Water & Sanitation District — are connected to the Metro system.


 The latter two divert a major portion of their flows to Metro.  It appears


 feasible for the total wastes of all four plants to be treated by Metro.


      The South Adams Water and Sanitation district plant located down-

        •*
 stream from Metro and Clear Creek was not providing adequate treatment


 during the survey.  At Brighton (RM 295.8) inadequate treatment was


 provided.  An expansion of the facilities was underway.  The Great Western


 Sugar Company mill (Brighton) was discharging an effluent containing

-------
                                                                 69
230 Ib per day of BOD.  This mill exemplified the effective pollution




control that is achievable in a sugar beet processing mill.  The Ft. Lupton




Wastewater Treatment Plant (RM 287.6) was providing adequate treatment




and disinfection.






B.  ST. VRAIN CREEK BASIN




     The two waste treatment plants at Boulder constitute the major dis-




charges to Boulder Creek, a tributary of St. Vrain Creek.  In-plant




evaluations carried out during 1971 (Technical Appendix on Municipal




Waste-Source Evaluations) indicated that these two plants were not pro-




viding adequate treatment.  However, the planned plant expansion and




improved methods of operation should alleviate treatment problems.




     The major discharges to St. Vrain Creek were effluents from the




Longmont Wastewater Treatment Plant and, during the sugar beet campaign,




the Longmont Great Western mill.  An in-plant evaluation of the Longmont




Wastewater Treatment Plant revealed that adequate treatment (80 percent




BOD removal) was not provided.  The combined effect of discharges from




both this plant and the Great Western mill was detrimental to the




receiving waters.  The Longmont wastewater plant should be discharging




an effluent containing no more than 25 mg/1 each of BOD and suspended




solids; the Great Western mill should be discharging no greater than




one-half Ib each of BOD and suspended solids per ton of beets sliced,




not to exceed 1,650 Ib of each per day, whichever is less.  The latter




is attainable in the sugar-beet processing industry using available




waste treatment technology.

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70
 C.  BIG THOMPSON RIVER BASIN


      Major waste sources in this basin were the Loveland waste treatment


 plant and the Great Western mills at Loveland and Johnstown.  Treatment


 at the municipal plant was not adequate.  A 3-day, in-plant survey re-


 vealed that the BOD removal efficiency ranged from 59-71 percent.


      In 1964 the daily waste load from the Loveland Great Western mill


 was about 50,000 Ib BOD.—1—   During a three-day survey, in December


 1971, the waste loads amounted to less than 1,000 Ib per day.  This


 Great Western plant discharged 0.33 Ib BOD and 2.66 Ib suspended solids


 per ton beets sliced during the 1971-72 campaign.—   Solids concentrations


 were higher than levels attainable through present treatment technology


 for the sugar-beet processing industry, i.e., one-half Ib per ton of


 beets sliced.


      The major discharge to the Little Thompson River was from the Great


 Western sugar recovery and monosodium glutamate factory, located near


 Johnstown.  This plant operates on a continuous basis.  In December 1971,


 a 3-day survey of the effluent revealed that the plant discharged each


 day more than 7,000 Ib BOD.  The effluent had a strong sulfide odor and


 discolored the receiving water.  Further treatment of this effluent


 is required.


      Three small municipal plants (Berthoud, Johnstown, and Milliken)

                                                                     *
 discharged to the Little Thompson River.  These plants were reported


 to have adequate treatment.
 * This information was provided by officials of the Colorado State Depart-
   ment of Health.

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                                                                   71
D.  CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER BASIN




     The major discharges in this basin were the two municipal waste




treatment plants in Fort Collins (Plants No. 1 and 2), the Greeley waste




treatment plant, and the Great Western mills (Eaton and Greeley).  Other




potential industrial sources were the Farr Farms and the Monfort of




Colorado feedlots and packing plant (all in the Greeley area).




     The two municipal plants at Fort Collins discharged about 3,200




Ib of BOD and 4,500 Ib of suspended solids daily to the Cache la Poudre




River in January 1972.  Treatment efficiency at Plant No. 1 was less than




80 percent during a 3-day plant evaluation.




     The Greeley waste treatment plant and the Greeley Great Western mill




discharged 35,000 Ib of BOD each day to the Cache la Poudre during a




survey in December 1971.—   Company data for the 1971-72 beet campaign




showed that the BOD load from the mill varied from 9,100 Ib per day,




in October, to more than 37,000 in January.  The Greeley waste treatment




plant was grossly overloaded by the Monfort packing plant wastes.  A new




plant is proposed to handle the Monfort wastes and activated sludge




from the existing plant.  This will alleviate the overloaded condition.




     The Farr Farms and Monfort feedlots have installed holding ponds




with the effluent either employed for irrigation or diverted to evaporation




lagoons.  No contamination from animal wastes was apparent during the 1971




stream surveys (September and November-December).




     Since the 1964-65 studies the Great Western mill at Eaton has instal-




led pollution control facilities.  Waste loads discharged by this plant




were less than one-half Ib each of BOD and suspended solids per ton of

-------
72
   beets processed; these figures are considered to be the .upper limit for waste




   loads discharged from sugar-beet processing mills.  The Eaton waste treat-




   ment plant discharged an effluent containing 72 mg/1 BOD.  The removal




   efficiency was not determined, but visual observations indicated a poor




   quality effluent.  Disinfection was inadequate.'





   E.  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER - FORT MORGAN TO THE STATE LINE




        Three sugar-beet processing mills and four municipal plants were




   evaluated in this reach.  (Findings of the sugar beet mill evaluations




   are summarized in Tables 1-3 through 1-5.)  Treatment at all four municipal




   plants was less than the 80 percent BOD removal level required by the State.




   Moreover, the Fort Morgan and Brush plants provided no disinfection




   during the survey and disinfection practices at Sterling and Julesburg




   were inadequate.




        The three mills were exceeding the one-half-pound BOD per ton sliced




   beets achievable by best practicable treatment practices for the sugar




   beet industry.  Additional or improved treatment is necessary at these




   mills.  The mill located at Ovid was recently the subject of a 180-day




   notice hearing called by EPA, Region VIII, for the purpose of discussing




   violations of interstate stream standards.

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                                                                 73
                             REFERENCES
1.   Report of South Platte Basin Water Pollution Investigation.   Federal
     Security Agency, U. S. Public Health Service, Environmental  Health
     Center, Cincinnati, Ohio and Missouri River Basin Office,  Water
     Pollution Control Division, Kansas City, Missouri, (1950).

2.   Conference in the Matter of Pollution of the South Platte  River
     Basin in the State of Colorado,  Proceedings, First Session.   Denver,
     Colorado.  U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
     Federal Water Pollution Control  Administration,  South Platte River
     Basin Project.  October 1963.

3.   Conference in the Matter of Pollution of the South Platte  River
     Basin in the State of Colorado,  Proceedings, Second Session.   Denver
     Colorado, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Federal
     Water Pollution Control Administration. (3 vol)  April 27,  1966.

4.   Report to the Second Session of the Conference in the Matter of Pol-
     lution of the South Platte River Basin.  U. S. Department  of Health,
     Education, and Welfare.  Federal Water Pollution Control Administration,
     South Platte River Basin Project.  Denver, Colorado.  April  1966.

5.   Conference in the Matter of the  Pollution of the South Platte River
     Basin in the State of Colorado.   U. S. Department of the Interior,
     Federal Water Pollution Control  Administration,  South Platte River
     Basin Project, Denver, Colorado.  November 10, 1966.

6.   A Study of Industrial Waste Pollution in the South Platte  River Basin.
     U. S. Department of the Interior, Federal Water  Pollution  Control
     Administration, South Platte River Basin Project, PR-6C.  Denver,
     Colorado.  December 1966.

7.   Effects of Pollution on Aquatic  Life Resources of the South  Platte
     River Basin in Colorado.  U. S.  Department of the Interior,  Federal
     Water Pollution Control Administration, South Platte River Basin
     Project, Denver, Colorado, and Technical Advisory and Investigation
     Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio.  Report PR-11 XVII + 149 pp. December 1967.

8.   Water Pollution Survey of the Great Western Sugar Company  and the
     Kuner-Empson Canning Company of  Colorado, Colorado State Final
     Report.  November 24, 1969 to March 11, 1970.

9.   Water Quality, Middle Basin Tributary Streams, South Platte  River
     Basin, Summer 1965.  U. S. Department of the Interior, Federal Water
     Pollution Control Administration, South Platte River Basin Project.
     PR-8.  Denver, Colorado.  December 1967.

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74
   10.  The Beet Sugar Industry—The Water Pollution Problem and Status of
        Waste Abatement and Treatment.  U. S. Department of the Interior,
        Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, South Platte River
        Basin Project.  Denver, Colorado.  Report PR-8, XII + 142 pp.  June 1967,

   11.  Water Quality Investigations in the South Platte River Basin 1971.
        Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement, Division of
        Field Investigations-Denver Center, Denver, Colorado.  June 1971.

   12.  Report on Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of South Platte
        River - Denver Metropolitan area.  Environmental Protection Agency,
        Office of Enforcement, National Field Investigations Center-Denver, and
        Region VIII.  Denver, Colorado.  February 1972.

   13.  Report on Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of the Cache la
        Poudre and South Platte Rivers - Greeley Area.  Environmental Pro-
        tection Agency,  Office of Enforcement, National Field Investigations
        Center-Denver, and Region VIII.  Denver, Colorado.  February 1972.

   14.  Report on Investigation of the Effects of the Waste Discharges from
        the Great Western Sugar Mill at Ovid, Colorado on Water Quality Condi-
        tions in the South Platte River.  Environmental Protection Agency,
        Office of Enforcement, Division of Field Investigations-Denver Center,
        Denver, Colorado.  December 1971.                                  .

   15.  Criteria Used in the Review of Waste Water Treatment Facilities.
        Colorado Department of Health, Water Pollution Control Division.
        Denver, Colorado.  September 1969.

   16.  Municipal Waste Report Metropolitan Denver Area, South Platte River
        Basin^ PR-3, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
        Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control, South Platte River
        Basin Project.  Denver, Colorado.  December 1965.

   17.  R. W. Brenton Memorandum—Condenser Water Survey-1971-72 Campaign,,
        Great Western Sugar Company.  Denver, Colorado.  March 1972.

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                  APPENDIX A
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR COLORADO AND NEBRASKA

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                                                                      A-l
                                                  March 4, 1971
Honorable John A. Love
Governor of Colorado
Denver, Colorado 80203
Dear Governor Love:

     I am pleased to inform you that I am now approving Colorado's
water quality standards in their entirety, based upon my deter-
mination that they are consistent with the protection of the
public health and welfare, the enhancement of the quality of the
water and the purposes of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
as provided by Section 10(c)(3) of that Act.  These consist of
the standards approved by the Secretary of the Interior on October 21,
1968 and October 9, 1969, and the additions and revisions adopted by
the Water Pollution Control Commission on June 10, July 14, August 11,
October 13 and November 10, 1970, and submitted to the Water
Quality Office, Environmental Protection Agency, on December 4,
1970.  The standards as approved are those applicable under the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act to the interstate waters of Colorado.

We are all aware that water quality criteria and stream classifications
are subject to change as we acquire new knowledge and understanding of
the factors that affect water quality and as existing conditions are
improved.  The Water Quality Office will continue to maintain close
contact with Colorado's Water Pollution Control Commission regarding
the important matter of water quality standards.
                                  Signed by:

                                  William D. Ruckelshaus
This letter has been retyped for
microfilming purposes only and
corrections made regarding
approval dates.

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A-2
                            TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
                               AS PRESENTED BY
                  COLORADO WATER POLLUTION  CONTROL  COMMISSION
        BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN
        DEMAND
        BIOCIDE
     3.   CLASSIFICATION
    4.  CONDUCTIVITY
     5.  CONTROLLABLE SOURCES
    6.  DISINFECTION
    7.  DISSOLVED OXYGEN
    8.  MF
    9.  MPN
A measure of the amount of oxygen necessary to
satisfy the biochemical oxidation requirements
of pollution in a sample that is maintained at
a temperature of 20° Centigrade for a period of
five days.

A toxic, chemical substance or mixture intended
to abate or destroy noxious forms of life, such
as vermin, insects, viruses and fungi harmful
in agriculture, fisheries, and forestry.

The application of a standard or standards to
a segment or segments of the waters of the State.

A measure of the ability of water to conduct
an electric current, which may be used for
approximating the salinity in water.

A source of waste discharge that can be con-
trolled by physical means.

A method of reducing the organisms pathogenic
to man.

A measure of the amount of free oxygen (oxygen
which is not chemically combined with other
substances) available in water to oxidize
oxygen demanding materials.

Refers to the membrane filter technique of
water analysis.  This technique involves the
passing of a certain volume of water through
a cellulose ester filter which is then im-
pregnated with a food product for the bacteria
that are retained on the surface of the filter.

An abbreviation of "Most Probable Number" -
a test of bacterial density derived from mul-
tiple tube fermentation techniques.  It is
expressed as a number of organisms per hundred
milliliters.  It is a number most likely to
occur, in statistical theory, under the given
circumstances or conditions of the test.

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                                                                      A-3
10.  MILLIEQUIVALENT
     PER LITER
11.  MILLIGRAMS PER LITER  -
                        A unit for expressing the concentration of
                        chemical constituents in terras of inter-
                        reacting values of electrically charged
                        particles or ions in solution.  One milli-
                        equivalent per liter of a positively charged
                        ion will react with one milliequivalent per
                        liter of a negatively charged ion.

                        Also referred to as "parts per million".  This
                        is a unit for expressing the concentration of
                        any substance by weight, usually as grams of
                        substance per million grams of solution.  Since
                        a liter of water weighs one kilogram, one
                        milligram per liter is equivalent to one part
                        per million.
12.  MILLILITER
13.  NATIONAL BUREAU OF
                        One-thousandth of a liter.
                        to 1.06 quarts.
One liter is equal
14.
                      - A reference book published by the U. S. Depart-
STANDARDS HANDBOOK 69,  ment of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards.
LATEST EDITION          It contains recommendations as to the maximum
                        permissible concentrations of radio nuclides
                        in the human body, air, and water.

pH                    - The pH value indicates the relative intensity
                        of acidity or alkalinity of water, with the
                        neutral point at pH 7.0.  Values lower than
                        7.0 indicate the presence of acids; above 7.0,
                        the presence of alkalies.
15.  SECONDARY TREATMENT
16.  SODIUM ADSORPTION
     RATIO
                      - A method of treatment in which a minimum of
                        80% of the biochemical oxygen consuming
                        material is removed.

                      - An index of hazard to physical condition of
                        soil due to sodium in irrigation water.
17.  STANDARD METHODS FOR  -
     THE EXAMINATION OF
     WATER AND WASTE WATER,
     LATEST EDITION
                        A publication prepared jointly by the American
                        Public Health Association, American Water Works
                        Association, and the Water Pollution Control
                        Federation, accepted by Federal, State, and
                        local authorities in the field of water pollu-
                        tion control as the authority for analytical
                        procedures to be utilized in the examination
                        or analysis of waters and waste waters.

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A-4
     18.  STANDARDS
    19.  TURBIDITY
    20.  EPILIMNION
    .21.  EUTROPHICATION
    22.  HYPOLIMNION
    23.  NATURAL CAUSES
    24.  THERMOCLINE
An official limiting value used to determine
the quality of water for a classified use as
established by the Water Pollution Control
Commission.

A measure of the clarity and the light pene-
tration of water as affected by suspended and
colloidal matter.

In a thermally stratified lake, the layer of
water that extends from the surface to the
thermocline, (adopted November 10, 1970)

The process of a lake becoming rich in dis-
solved nutrients, thereby enhancing the growth
of aquatic plants leading to possible seasonal
oxygen deficiencies and accelerating the rate
of lake aging, (adopted June 10, 1970)

The region below thermal stratification in a
lake or reservoir,  (adopted August 11, 1970)

(as applied to temperature fluctuation standards)
- Temperature fluctuations due to effluents
from domestic sewage treatment plants and
identifiable irrigation return flows shall be
considered as originating from natural causes.
(adopted August 11, 1970)

In thermally stratified lakes, the layer below
the epilimnion.  It is the stratum in which
there is a rapid rate of decrease in temperature
with depth; a minimum of one degree Centigrade
per meter in depth, (adopted November 10, 1970)

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                                                                          A-5
                WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR COLORADO
     The Second Session of the Forty-Fifth General Assembly of the State
of Colorado passed Water Pollution Control Legislation for the State of
Colorado as set out in Chapter 66, Article 28, C.R.S. 1963 (1967 Pern.
Cum. Supp.).  In adopting this legislation, the following legislative
declaration was made, which also was adopted on July 14, 1970 by the
Colorado Water Pollution Commission as its policy statement on nondegra-
dation:

     "Whereas the pollution of the waters of this state constitutes
     a menace to public health and welfare, creates public nuisances,
     is harmful to wildlife, fish and other aquatic life, and impairs
     domestic, agricultural, industrial, recreational, and other
     beneficial uses of water; and whereas the problem of water
     pollution of this state is closely related to the problem of
     water pollution in adjoining states; and whereas it is the public
     policy of this state to conserve the waters of the state and to
     protect, maintain, and improve the quality thereof for public
     water supplies, for the progagation of wildlife, fish and other
     aquatic life, and for domestic, agricultural, industrial, recrea-
     tional, and other beneficial uses, and to provide that no wastes
     be discharged into any waters of the state without first being
     given the degree of treatment necessary to protect the beneficial
     uses of such water, it is hereby declared that the prevention,
     abatement, and control of the pollution of the waters of this state
     are affected with a public interest, and the provisions of this
     act are enacted in the exercise of the police powers of this state
     for the purpose of protecting the health, peace, and safely, and
     general welfare of the people of this state."  Relevantly, the
     Commission will keep the Federal Government, from time to time,
     advised and informed with the information required for the discharge
     of its responsibilities under the Federal Water Pollution Control
     Act, as amended.

These standards are the foundation for the classification of the waters
of the State of Colorado, as defined in the Water Pollution Control Act
of 1966, as amended.  (adopted June 10, 1970)*

     Standards are subject to revision as technical data, surveillance
programs, and technological advances make such revisions desirable.
*  Underscored material represents changes and/or additions to the
   original (May 1968) Colorado Water Quality Standards.

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A-6
         For  the purposes  of  enforcement of  these standards, sampling will
    be  done at  a point where  these  standards  can be  evaluated.

         For  purposes of enforcement of water classification standards,
    sampling  of the waters will be  done at any point, except for  areas
    immediately adjacent to outfalls and except as may be noted in  the
    text  of the standards. In such areas, cognizance will be given to the
    opportunity for admixture of waste effluents with receiving water.

         Tests  or  analytical  procedures to determine compliance with standards
    will,  insofar  as practicable and applicable, be made in accordance with
    the methods given in the  latest edition of "Standard Methods  For The
    Examination of Water And  Waste  Water" published by the American Public
    Health Association, or in accordance with tests or analytical procedures
    that  have been found to be equal or more  applicable and satisfactory
    and accepted and approved by the Commission.

         In areas  where a  body of water is classified for more than one
    use,  the  standards applicable to each use shall apply and in  case of  a
    conflict, the  more restrictive  standards  shall prevail in each  instance.

         Where  and when additional  waters become available, hearings will
    be  held on  the possible classification or reclassification of such
    waters for  further enhancement.  The quality of water will be maintained
    as  high as  possible and in no case shall  stream standards be  violated.

         It is  expected that  the present uses of the waters of Colorado will
    continue  but if other  uses develop, streams may be classified or
    reclassified after public hearings.

        Waters of the state, the quality of which exceeds the limits set
    in  these  standards, will  be maintained at existing quality unless and
    until  it  can be demonstrated to the State that a change in quality is
    justified to provide necessary  economic or social development.  In that
    case,  the best practicable degree of waste treatment to protect the
    current classification of such  waters will be required.  The  appropriate
    Federal authority will be provided with information, from time  to'.time,
    required  to discharge  his responsibilities under the Federal  Water Pollution
    Control Act, as amended,  (adopted October 13, 1970)

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                                                                         A-7
I.  BASIC STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO ALL WATERS  OF THE STATE (adopted
      June 10, 1970)

    A.  All wastes capable of treatment or control prior to  discharge
        into any waters of the state, shall receive secondary treatment
        with disinfection or its industrial waste equivalent, as
        determined by the State Water Pollution Control  Commission.
        Lesser degrees of treatment or control may be permitted only
        where it can be demonstrated that the standards  applicable to
        the classified use of the water can be attained.  Greater
        degrees of treatment or control will  be required where it can
        be demonstrated that it is necessary  to comply with  the
        standards applicable to the classified use of the water.

    B.  Free from substances attributable to  municipal,  domestic, or
        industrial wastes, or other controllable sources that will either
        settle to form unsightly, putrescent, or odorous bottom deposits,
        or will interfere with the classified use of the water.

    C.  Free from unsightly floating debris,  oil, grease, scum, and
        other floating material attributable  to municipal, domestic, or
        industrial wastes, or other controllable sources.

    D.  Free from materials attributable to municipal, domestic, or
        industrial wastes or other controllable sources  that will produce
        objectionable odor, color, taste, or  turbidity in the water, or
        objectionable aquatic life which may  result in eutrophication
        or other conditions that interfere with the classified use of
        the water,  (adopted June 10, 1970)

    E.  Free from high temperatures, biocides, toxic, or other deleterious
        substandes attributable to municipal, domestic,  or industrial
        wastes, or other controllable sources in levels, concentrations,
        or combinations sufficient to be harmful to human or animal life.

    F.  Radioactive materials attributable to municipal, industrial or
        other controllable sources will be minimum concentrations that
        are physically and economically feasible to achieve.  In no case
        shall such materials in the stream exceed the limits established
        in the current edition of the U.S. Public Health Service
        Drinking Water Standards or the limits approved  by the Federal
        Radiation Council, or, in the absence of any limits  specified
        by the U.S. Public Health Service or  the Federal Radiation
        Council, 1/30 of the 168-hour-week values for other  radioactive
        substances specified in the National  Bureau of Standards Handbook
        69.

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A-8
    II.  ADDITIONAL WATER QUALITY  STANDARDS FOR BODIES OF WATER THAT HAVE
        BEEN  CLASSIFIED FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING USES:
    CLASS A.
        1.  The  following standards shall apply to water withdrawn for
            treatment as a potable supply.

            a.   Bacteria;  Wastes or substances from controllable sources
                 shall not be discharged into these waters in amounts which
                 will cause the number of organisms of the fecal coliform
                 group, as determined by either multiple tube fermentation
                 or membrane filter technique to exceed a log mean of 1,000
                 per 100 milliliters or exceed 2.000 per 100 milliliters in
                 more than 10Z of the samples collected in any 30 day period.

            b.   Dissolved Oxygen:  Dissolved oxygen shall not be less than
                 4 milligrams per liter.

            c.   pH;  The pH shall be maintained between 6.0 and 9.0.

            d.   Taste and Odor;  Free from materials attributable to
                 municipal, domestic, and industrial wastes, or other con-
                 trollable sources that will produce taste or odor in the
                 water.

            e.   Dissolved Solids;  Total dissolved solids, annual volume
                 weighted average, should be less than 500 milligrams per
                 liter.

            f.   Selected Chemical Constituents;  The following substances
                 shall not be present in such amounts as to exceed the
                 specified concentrations in a potable water supply according
                 to the mandatory requirements of the latest edition of the
                 U. S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards:

                     Substances                      Concentration - rag/I

                     Arsenic	0.05
                     Barium	1.00
                     Cadmium	0.01
                     Chromium (Hexavalent) ---------0.05
                     Cyanide	0.20
                     Lead	0.05
                     Selenium	0.01
                     Silver	0.05

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                                                                      A-9
CLASS B.
     1.  The following standards shall apply to waters classified for
         fish and wildlife (Cold Water Fishery):

         a.  Bacteria:  Wastes or substances from controllable sources
             shall not be discharged into.these waters in amounts which
             will cause the number of organisms of the fecal coliform
             group, as determined by either multiple tube fermentation
             or membrane filter techniques, to exceed a log mean of
             1,000 per 100 milliliters or exceed 2,000 per 100 milliliters
             in more than 10% of the samples collected in any 30 day
             period.

         b.  Dissolved Oxygen:  In cold water fisheries, the dissolved
             oxygen content shall in no case go below 6 milligrams per
             liter.

         c.  p_H_;  pH shall be maintained between 6.5 and 8.5.  No con-
             trollable pH change will be permitted which will interfere
             with fish and aquatic life.

         d.  Turbidity;  No turbidity shall exist in concentrations that
             will impair natural and developed fisheries.

        *e.  Temperature:  In cold water fisheries the temperatures shall
             not exceed 70 F.  No controllable temperature change will be
             permitted which will interfere with the spawning and other
             aspects of fish life,  (adopted October 13, 1970)

         f.  Toxic Material:  Free from biocides, toxic, or other
             deleterious substances attributable to municipal, domestic,
             or industrial wastes, or other controllable sources in
             levels, concentrations, or combinations sufficient to be
             harmful to aquatic life.

         g.  Other Material:  Free from materials attributable to
             municipal, domestic, or industrial wastes, or other con-
             trollable sources that will produce off-flavor in the flesh
             of fish.

     2.  The following standards shall apply to waters classified for
         fish and wildlife (Warm Water Fishery):

         a.  Bacteria;  Wastes or substances from controllable sources
             shall not be discharged into these waters in amounts which
             will cause the number of organisms of the fecal coliform
             group, as determined by either multiple tube fermentation
             or membrane filter techniques  to exceed a log mean of 1,000
             per 100 milliliters or exceed  2,000 per 100 milliliters in
             more than 10% of the samples collected in any 30 day period.
             (adopted June 10, 1970)

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A-10
             b.   Dissolved  Oxygen;   In warm water  fisheries, dissolved
                 oxygen  content  shall in  no case go below  5 milligrams per
                 liter.

             c.   pH;   pH shall be maintained between 6.5 and 8.5.  No control-
                 lable pH change will be  permitted which will  interfere with
                 fish  and aquatic life.

             d.   Turbidity:   No  turbidity shall exist  in concentrations that
                 will  impair  natural and  developed fisheries.

            *e.   Temperature;  In warm water fisheries the temperatures shall
                 not exceed 90 F.   No controllable temperature change will be
                 permitted which will interfere with spawning  and other aspects
                 of fish life.   *Note;  See additional temperature criteria....
                 (adopted Oct. 13.  1970)

             f.   Toxic Material;  Free from biocides,  toxic, or other deleterious
                 substances attributable  to municipal, domestic, or  industrial
                 wastes,  or other controllable sources in  levels, concentrations,
                 or combinations sufficient to be  harmful  to aquatic life.

             g.   Other Material;  Free from materials  attributable to municipal,
                domestic, or  industrial wastes, or other controllable sources
                that will produce off-flavor in the flesh  of fish.

    *Note;   Limits on  temperature change  in fisheries have not been  established
       due  to lack of historical temperature data and lack of conclusive
       temperature change criteria for the aquatic biota  of waters  of the
       state.   These  factual data  are being collected, however, to  serve
       as a basis for setting limits.  In the meantime, the following
       tentative criteria will  be  used as administrative  policy;

             In  cold water fisheries an abrupt change  in temperature must be
             avoided and  the normal pattern of diurnal and seasonal  fluctua-
             tions must  be preserved.  The maximum allowable temperature
             increase  due to waste  discharges in streams and in the  epilimnion
             of  lakes  shall be 2 F.  No warming waste discharge shall be
             permitted to the hypolimnion of lakes.

        In  warm water fisheries an abrupt change  in temperature must be
        avoided and the normal  pattern of diurnal and seasonal changes must
        be  preserved.   The maximum allowable temperature  increase due to
        waste discharges in streams will be 5 F;  in the epilimnion  of lakes
        the maximum increase will  be 3 F.  No warming waste discharge shall
        be  permitted  in  the hypolimnion  of lakes.

        In  temperature measurement, allowance shall be made for a mixing
        zone.   Provisions shall be  made  for adequate mixing and no  thermal
        barrier to migration and free movement of aquatic biota shall be
        permitted in  any water  of  the state,  (adopted October 13,  1970)

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                                                                       A-ll
     3.  The following standards shall apply to recreational waters
         classified for body contact sports such as, but not limited to,
         swimming and water skiing:

         a.  Bacteria;  Total coliform bacteria shall not exceed 1,000
             per 100 milliliters as a monthly average (either MPN or MF
             count); nor exceed this number in more than 20% of the
             samples examined during any month; nor exceed 2,400 per 100
             milliliters in a single sample.  In addition, the fecal
             coliform count shall not exceed 100 per 100 milliliters,
             and the fecal streptococcus count shall not exceed 20
             per 100 milliliters, both of these limits to be an average
             of five (5) consecutive samples within a month.

         b.  pH:  pH shall be maintained between 6.5 and 8.5.

CLASS C.

     1.  The following standards shall apply to waters classified for
         industrial uses:

         a.  Dissolved Oxygen;  Dissolved oxygen content shall not go
             below 3 milligrams per liter.

         b.  pH:  pH shall be maintained between 5.0 and 9.0.

         c.  Turbidity;  No turbidity shall exist in concentrations that
             will interfere with established levels of treatment.
         d.  Temperature;   The temperature shall not exceed 90°F.
CLASS D.
     1.  The following standards shall apply to waters classified for
         irrigation:

         a*  Total Dissolved Solids (Salt) Concentrations;   A time-weighted
             monthly  mean at a monitoring station which exceeds the time-
             weighted monthly mean for a base period established by
             the Commission by more than two standard deviations shall
             be subject to review by the Commission.

         b.  Sodium Adsorption Ratio;  A time-weighted monthly mean at
            a monitoring station which exceeds the time-weighted monthly
            mean for  a base period established by the Commission by
            more than two standard deviations shall be subject to review
            by the Commission.

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A-12
             c.   Toxic Material;  Free  from biocides, toxic, or other
                 deleterious  substances attributable to municipal, domestic,
                 industrial wastes, or  other controllable sources in con-
                 centrations  or combinations which are harmful to crop life.

         2.   The  following standards shall apply  to waters classified for
             livestock watering:

             a.   Soluble  Salts;  The soluble salts shall not exceed 3,000
                 milligrams per liter.

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                                                                    A-13
Table A-l—Stream Classifications, South Platte River Basin, Colorado
               Stream Reach
 Quality Class
   Effective
September. 1971
Middle Fork & Main Stem of South Platte,
  including Montgomery, Eleven Mile Canyon
  & Lake George Reservoirs, from source
  above Fairplay to 1.000 feet below
  Englewood Union Avenue Water Treatment
  Plant Intake

Lake Chessman Reservoir from inlet to outlet

Main Stem of South Platte River from 1.000
  feet below Englewood Union Avenue Water
  Treatment Plant Intake to Exposition
  Avenue. Denver

Main Stem of South Platte from Exposition
  Avenue, Denver to York Street, Denver

Sloan's Lake, Denver, from inlet to outlet

Main Stem of South Platte from York Street.
  Denver, to Colo-Nebr. State line

Main Stem of South Platte at State line

South & North Forks of South Platte,
  Tarryall Creek & Goose Creek, including
  Antero & Tarryall Reservoirs

Bear Creek including Evergreen Lake from
  source to Town of Morrison

Bear Creek from Town of Morrison to
  confluence with South Platte

Cherry Creek Reservoir from inlet to outlet

Main Stem of Clear Creek from source to
  point of diversion of Farmers Highline
  Canal (about 1 mile upstream of Golden)

Main Stem of Clear Creek from point of
  diversion of Farmers Highline Canal to
  confluence with South Platte
A, BI, C,
BI, C, D-L



62, C, D!


B3

c, D!


B2, D!

A, Blf C, D


A, BI, D!


B2, D!


B2> B3

A, BL C, D


A, c, D!

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A-14
      Table A-l—Stream Classifications, South Platte River Basin, Colorado
                                (Continued)
                     Stream Reach
 Quality Class
   Effective
September. 1971
      South Fork of Clear Creek, Chicago Creek,
        Soda Creek, Beaver Brook, Elk Creek,
        Guy Gulch & Mill Creek from sources to
        mouths

      Coal Creek from source to intersection
        with State Highway #93

      Coal Creek from intersection with State
        Highway #93 to mouth

      South Boulder Creek including Gross
        Reservoir from source to intersection
        with State Highway #93

      South Boulder Creek from intersection
        with State Highway #93 to mouth

      North Boulder Creek and James Creek
        from sources to mouths

      Middle Boulder Creek including north and
        south forks, Barker Reservoir and main
        stem of Boulder Creek, from sources to
        intersection with State Highway //119 at
        mouth of Boulder Canyon

      Main Stem of Boulder Creek, from inter-
        section with State Highway //119 at mouth
        of Boulder Canyon to mouth

      North and South St. Vrain Creeks from
        sources to point of confluence at Lyons

      Main Stem of St.  Vrain Creek, from point
        of confluence of North & South St. Vrain
        Creeks at Lyons to confluence with South
        Platte
A, BI, C,
A, Blt C,


B2, D!


A, Blt C,



B2, C, D!


A, Blf c,


A, Blt C,
B2, Cl, D



A, Blt C,


C, D,
      Middle St. Vrain Creek from source to mouth
A, B,

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                                                                 A-15
Table A-l—Stream Classifications, South Platte River Basin, Colorado
                       (Continued)
                                                   Quality Class
               Stream Reach                          Effective
                	September. 1971
Lefthand Creek from source to intersection        A, B-p C,
  with State Highway #7

Lefthand Creek from intersection with State       C, D^
  Highway #7 to mouth

Main Stem of Big Thompson River including         A, B]_, C,
  Lake Estes, from source to Town of Love-
  land 's water treatment plant

Main Stem of Big Thompson River from Town         C, DI
  of Loveland's water treatment plant to
  confluence with South Platte River

Little Thompson River from source to point        A, Bj, D^
  of diversion for Culver Ditch

Little Thompson River from point of               C, DI
  diversion for Culver Ditch to confluence
  with Big Thompson River

Glacier Creek, Fall River, North Fork of          A, B]_, C,
  Big Thompson River and Buckhorn Creek
  from source to mouth

Carter Lake Reservoir from inlet to outlet        A

Main Stem of Cache La Poudre River,               A, B-^, DI
  including Horsetooth Reservoir from
  source to point of diversion for City
  of Greeley's water treatment plant

Main Stem of Cache La Poudre from point           82, C, D^
  of diversion for City of Greeley's
  water treatment plant to Second Avenue
  Bridge, Greeley

Main Stem of Cache La Poudre River from           C, D^
  Second Avenue Bridge, Greeley to
  confluence with South Platte

-------
A-16
          Table A-l —Stream Classifications, South Platte River Basin, Colorado
                                 (Continued)
                                                             Quality Class
                         Stream Reach                          Effective
                        _____	September, 1971
          North and South Forks of Cache La Poudre          A, B]_
            River from source to mouth
          Notes:

            Water Classification A - Public Water Supply
            Water Classification B - Fisheries and Body Contact Recreation
                                 B-j^- Cold Water Fisheries
                                 82- Warm Water Fisheries
                                 83- Body Contact Recreation (Swimming, Water
                                       Skiing, etc.)
            Water Classification C - Industrial Water Users
            Water Classification D - Irrigation (& Stock Watering)

-------
                                                                        A-17
                WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR NEBRASKA
                          CLASS "C" WATERS
Temperature -

     Trout Waters - Allowable change 5°F (maximum list 65°F).

     Warm Waters - Allowable change 5°F, May-October; 10°F, November-
          April; maximum limit 90°F; maximum rate of change limited
          to 2° per hour.

pll -

     The hydrogen iron concentration expressed as pll shall be maintained
     between 6.5 and 9.0, with a maximum total change of 1.0 pll unit from
     the value in the receiving stream.

Dissolved Oxygen -

     Shall not be lower than 5 mg/1 in warm waters and 6 mg/1 in trout
     waters.

Bacteria -

     Coliform group and fecal coliform organisms shall not exceed a
     geometric mean of 10,000 total coliform organisms or 2,000 fecal
     coliform organisms per 100 ml.  No more than 20 percent of the
     samples shall exceed 20,000 total or 4,000 fecal coliform bacteria.

-------
      APPENDIX B




LIST OF STREAM STATIONS

-------
                                                                        TABLE B-l
                                                STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS  IN  THE  SOUTH  PLATTE RIVER BASIN, 1971
                                                                                                  Type of Analysis Performed
Map Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Figure
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Station Description
South Platte River at Waterton
Bridge east of water treatment plant.
South Platte River at Blakeland Road.
South Platte River at Colorado "470"
Bridge.
South Platte River downstream from
Cooley Sand and Gravel Company.
South Platte River at Bowles Avenue
in Littleton, Colorado.
Bear Creek near Mouth (at Federal
Boulevard)
Bear Creek at Kipling.
Bear Creek upstream of Morrison along
Colorado 74 (Second Suspended Walkway
across Creek) .
South Platte River at Florida Avenue
South Platte River upstream of
Cherry Creek.
Cherry Creek at Mouth.
South Platte River at "19th"
River
Miles
339.2
336.5
334.9
332.3
329.8
326.4/0.7
326.4/5.9
326.4/13.0
323.2
317.8
317.7/0.1
317.3

Chemical
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
August-September Surveys November-December Surveys
Bacteriological Biological Chemical Bacteriological Biological
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X XX X X
13
Street Bridge.

South Platte River at North Denver
Waste Water Treatment Plant Crossover.
                                                             314.5
14
                 South Platte River at York Street.
                                                             313.4

-------
                                                       TABLE  B-l (Continued)
                             STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS  IN  THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN,  1971
                                                                                Type of  Analysis Performed
Map Key
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
. 30
31
Figure
2
2
"2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
. 3 .
3
Station Description
Burlington Ditch at York Street.
Sand Creek at 'Mouth.
South Platte River at 1-270.
South Platte River at 1-80.
Clear Creek at York Street.
Clear Creek at Kipling.
Clear Creek at Mclntyre Road.
Clear Creek upstream of Golden
South Platte River at Colorado 224.
'South Platte River at 88th Avenue.
South Platte River at Henderson.
South Platte River at Brighton.
South Platte' River downstream from
Waste Water Treatment Plant at
Brighton.
South Platte River downstream from
Great Western at Brighton.
South Platte River at Ft. Lupton.
South Platte River at Platteville.
South Platte River upstream of Mouth
River
Miles

312.1/0.1
312.0
311.5
311.1/0.3
311.1/10.4
311.1/14.1
311.1/18.7
310.9
308.8
301.7
296.1
295.7
294.4
288.2
276.7
270.1
August-September Surveys November -December Surveys
Chemical Bacteriological Biological Chemical Bacteriological Biological
XXX
XX X
X XX
X
X X XX X X
X X
X X
XXX
X X X
X XXX X
XXX
X X XX
X X
X X
X ' X X
XXX X X
x . x • • .
of St. Vrain Creek.

-------
                                                                        TABLE B-l (Continued)
                                               STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN,  1971
40



41


42


43

44
                                                                                                  Type  of  Analysis Performed
Map Key
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Figure
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Station Description
South Platte River downstream from
St. Vrain Creek.
St. Vrain upstream of Longmont.
St. Vrain upstream of Great Western
Sugar Company.
St . Vrain downstream from Longmont
County Line Road.
St . Vrain downstream from Longmont
County Line Road .
St. Vrain at 1-25.
St. Vrain near Mouth.
Boulder Creek upstream of Boulder
River
Miles
264.7
270.0/26.6
270.0/22.5
270.0/20.8
270.0/20.6
270.0/14.6
270.0/1.3
270.0/17.4/27.6

August-September Surveys
Chemical Bacteriological Biological
X
X

X

X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
November-December Surveys
Chemical Bacteriological Biological
XXX
X
X
X
X



State Highway 119.

Boulder Creek downstream from Boulder   270.0/17.4/21.0
at 55th Street downstream from Pearl
Street Waste Water Treatment Plant.

Boulder Creek downstream from South     270.0/17.4/19.9
Boulder Creek, 1/2 mile north of Valmont.
Boulder Creek County Road 19 near
Liggett.

Coal Creek just upstream of Mouth.

Boulder Creek downstream from Coal
Creek at Highway 52.
270.0/17.4/14.2     X


270.0/17.4/7.9/1.0  X

  270.0/17.4/7.3    X
45
                 Boulder Creek near Mouth.
                                                           270.0/17.4/1.9

-------
                                                                          TABLE B-l  (Continued)
                                                 STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, 1971
Map Key   Figure   Statin Description
                                                                                                    Type of Analysis Performed
                                             River
                                             Miles
                                                                                                  	     November-December Surveys	
                                                               Chemical   Bacteriological   Biological   Chemical   Bacteriological   Biological
August-September Surveys
  46



  47


  48



  49


  50



  51


  52

  53


  54

  55


  56
South Platte River downstream from
Big Thompson'River between Evans and
LaSalle at Highway U.S. 85.
                                                                256.1
Big Thompson'River West of Loveland       260.4/37.9
on U.S. Highway 34 (3rd Bridge)Fawn Hollow.
                                          260.4/23.5
3     Big Thompson River Two Miles West of
      1-25 on Colorado State Highway 402
      1/4 mile north on Road 9E.-

3     Big Thompson River downstream from;
      Great Western at Loveland.

3     Big Thompson River South of Officer
      one mile; east 1/2 mile on Weld County
      Road 54.   =••',.

3     Big Thompson River at Route 257,
      Milliken.

3     Big Thompson River at Mouth.

3     Little Thompson River South and West
      of Berthoud '.   ' • •  •-

3     Little Thompson River at 1-25.

3     Little Thompson River upstream of
      Great Western at Johnstown. '
Little Thompson River downstream from   260.4/7.0/1.15
Great Western at Johnstown on Colorado
60 Bridge.
260,4/21.0 .
• 260.4/16.5
.-260.4/8.2
260.4/0.9
260.4/7.0/18.9
260.4/7.0/11.1
260.4/7.0/4.0
X
.X
x
X X
X X
X X
X

X
X
X
X
X

  57
                   Little Thompson'River at Mouth.
                                         260.4/7.0/0.1

-------
                                                       TABLE B-l  (Continued)
                              STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, 1971
                                                                                 Type of Analysis Performed
Map Key
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
Figure
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Station Description
South Platte River upstream of Cache
la Poudre River near Evans.
South Platte River 1 Mile upstream of
Mouth of Cache la Poudre River.
Cache la Poudre River upstream of
Bellvue off Highway 287 at Highway 54E.
Cache la Poudre River upstream of Fort
Collins at Shields Avenue Bridge.
Cache la Poudre River at Prospect Avenue
in Fort Collins.
Cache la Poudre River at Timnath Road.
Cache la Poudre River upstream of
Windsor.
Cache la Poudre River downstream from
Windsor and South of Bracewell.
Cache la Poudre River at Spanish Colony.
Irrigation return -near Spanish Colony.
Cache la Poudre River upstream of
Eaton Draw.
Eaton Draw at Mouth.
Eaton Draw downstream from Eaton
Waste Water Treatment Plant.
Eaton Draw upstream of sugar factory.
Cache la Poudre River at 6th Avenue,
River
Miles
252.5
250. &
249.0/53.6
249.0/46.8
249.0/41.2
249.0/36.3
249.0/26.5
249.0/17.9
249.0/9.4
249.0/9.35
249.0/7.0
249.0/6.9/0.1
249.0/6.9/6.5
249.0/6.9/7.2
249.0/6.3
August-September Surveys November-December Surveys
Chemical Bacteriological Biological Chemical Bacteriological Biological
XXX
XX XXX
XXX
X X
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
X
X XXX
X XX
X XX
X XX
CO
XX X X X ^
Greeley.

-------
                                                                        TABLE  B-l (Continued)
                                                STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS  IN  THE  SOUTH  PLATTE  RIVER  BASIN,  1971
 78


•79


 80


 81

 82

 83


 84


 85
                                                                                                   Type  of  Analysis  Performed
Map Key
73
74
75
76
77
Figure
3
3
3
3
4
Station Description
Cache la Poudre River downstream of
Greeley Waste Water Treatment Plant.
Cache la Poudre River on County Road
' South of Greeley Airport.
Cache la Poudre River near mouth at
'Davis Ranch. '
South Platte River at Kersey.
South Platte River at Weldona,
River
Miles
249.0/5.2
249.0/12.9
249.0/0.5
246.5
203.9
August-September Surveys
Chemical Bacteriological Biological
X X

XXX
X X -, X
— Gaging
November-December Surveys
Chemical
X

X
X
Station
Bacteriological
X
X
X
X
Only--
Biological



X

     "South on Highway.

4    • South Platte River upstream of Great         197.0
      Western Discharge at Fort Morgan.

4     South Platte River at Fort Morgan            196.6
      (Colorado 52 Bridge).

4     South Platte River downstream from           195.4
      Great Western Discharge at Fort Morgan.

4     South Platte River at Balzac.                174.0

4     South Platte River - South Sterling.         151.6

4     South Platte River downstream from           150.0
      Great Western Discharge at Sterling.

4     South Platte River at Ovid (Bridge on         95.4
      Colorado 23) .

4     Liddle Ditch downstream from Lodgepole        95.1
      Creek at Overflow Structure.
              X            ^  X


—Gaging   Station   Only—

  X-/         X              X

              X              X
 Electroshock for fish at river mile 158.1

-------
                                                                        TABLE B-l (Continued)
                                               STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN,  1971
                                                                                                  Type of Analysis Performed
Map Key
86
87
Figure
A
4
Station Description
River August-September Surveys November-December Surveys
Miles Chemical Bacteriological Biological Chemical Bacteriological
South Platte River downstream from Ovid.
South Platte River at Julesburg (Bridge
94.0
87.0
X X
X X
Biological
X
X
88
on U.S. 385X

South Platte River downstream from
Nebraska-Colorado State Line (1-80 Bridge).
                                                               81.1

-------
 APPENDIX C




STUDY METHODS

-------
                                                                    C-l
WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS




     Twenty-three municipal and 45 industrial sources were investigated.




Background data on these sources were collected from existing files




(South Platte River Basin Project records and reports), municipal and




industrial inventories, Colorado implementation plans, State and local




pollution control authorities, and industrial officials.




     Where possible, the municipal waste sources were sampled for three




days.  The Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District //I Plant (Metro)




was sampled for eight days.  Influent and effluent sampling was generally




conducted; however, intermediate points were sampled at some plants—e.g.,




Metro.  Water samples were collected manually or by the use of automatic




sampling equipment (SERCO) and composited on a 24-hour, flow-weighted




basis.  Chemical analyses included BOD, TOC, solids, and, at selected




stations, COD, metals, and nutrients.  Periodic measurements were made




for pH, conductivity, temperature, and chlorine residual (effluent only).




Grab samples of water were collected for bacteriological analyses several




times each day.  When flow measuring devices were not available at a




plant, such equipment was installed.  In most instances a Parshall flume




was available.  When necessary, continuous flow recorders (Stevens Model




F) were used.




     Of the 45 industries visited, 23 were selected for sampling of which




nine were Great Western Sugar Company plants.  Automatic sampling equip-




ment was used at the nine Great Western plants and at the Adolph Coors




Company.  These samples were composited on an equal volume basis.

-------
C-2
  Water samples  at  the other industries were generally collected over an




  eight-hour period as grab samples and then composited.  Measurements




  were made for  pH,  conductivity, and temperature during the sampling




  period.  Bacteriological samples were collected periodically at the




  Great Western  plants and Coors.  Where possible flows were measured




  and recorded continuously; otherwise, estimates were made.




       After collection all samples were iced and transported to the




  NFIC-Denver laboratory  for analyses.  Laboratory personnel split the




  samples and added the necessary preservatives.






  STREAM SURVEYS




  Chemical, Physical, and Bacteriological Parameters                :




       The stream surveys were conducted during August-September and




  November-December 1971.  Eighty-six stations  [Table B-l] were sampled.




  The sampling for  chemical and bacteriological analyses was generally




  four to five days  in duration.  The time of sampling at each station




  was varied to  obtain the maximum time spread.  During the summer survey,




  a dissolved oxygen profile was conducted over a 24-hour period at se-




  lected stations in the  following reaches:




       1.  South Platte River, Waterton to Platteville.




       2.  South Platte River from upstream of mouth of St. Vraih




  Creek to downstream from the mouth of the Big Thompson River.




       3.  Cache la Poudre River from Bellvue downstream to the mouth




  including the  South Platte River upstream and downstream from the




  mouth of the Cache la Poudre.

-------
                                                                  C-3
     All samples were collected using established sampling procedures.

Samples for chemical analyses were collected in clean, unused containers;

those for bacteriological analyses were collected in sterile glass con-

tainers.  The dissolved oxygen samples were collected in 300 ml bottles

using a Sargent sampler.  All samples were iced and transported to the

NFIC - Denver laboratory in Denver.  The chemistry samples were then

split and preserved for specific analyses by laboratory personnel.

     The pH, conductivity, and temperature were measured in the field

at the time of sampling.  Flow data were collected from existing gaging

stations where possible.  In addition, stream flow measurements were
                               «
made at selected stations.

     Bacteriological analyses for total and fecal coliform and for

streptococcus were performed, according to the method prescribed in

the 13th Edition, Standard Methods for the Examination'of Water and

Wastewater, 1971* using the membrane filter technique.

     The BOD and dissolved oxygen tests were determined, according

to the method prescribed in the 13th Edition, Standard Method for the

Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1971* using the azide modifica-

tion of the Winkler method.

     All other laboratory analyses and field measurements used were

conducted in accordance with Methods for Chemical Analyses of Water

and Wastes, July 1971.**
*Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 13th
Edition, American Public Health Association, New York, New York, 1971.

**Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, Environmental
Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center, Analytical
Quality Control Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1971.

-------
C-4

     BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

     Algae                                        '

          Periphyton or attached algal growths were sampled using artificial

     substrates, 1 X 3-inch glass microscope slides.   The substrate assemblies

     consisted of five slides attached to building bricks with glazier's putty.

     After a 10-day exposure in the stream,  four slides from each substrate

     assembly were placed in 90 percent acetone for subsequent chlorophyll

     analysis.   The fifth slide was placed in 5 percent formalin to determine

     periphyton density and to identify prevalent algal types.

          In the laboratory, the slides preserved in acetone were scraped

     and rinsed off into the acetone solution.   The chlorophyll-bearing

     acetone was centrifuged to remove suspended particulate matter and

     concentrations of chlorophyll were determined with a recording spectro-

     photometer.  Previous studies revealed  little or no chlorophyll b_ or c^

     in South Platte River Basin periphyton  samples;  therefore,  only chlorophyll

     ji  was measured and recorded in this report.   The equation used for ex-

     pressing chlorophyll on an areal basis  from the  substrate was:

     Chlorophyll A = C x S = micrograms/sq.  inch
       1             .   A

     where:   C  = concentration of  chlorophyll in acetone solute (ug/ml)

             S  = milliliters of acetone solute

             A  = square inches of  substrate

          The slide preserved in 5 percent formalin solution was used to

     determine  periphyton density  and prevalent algal types.   Attached algae

     were  scraped and  rinsed off into a formalin solution.   A one-milliliter

     aliquot  was counted in a Sedgwick-Rafter counting cell and the cells

     per unit area computed.   Prevalent types of  algae were identified and

     recorded.

-------
                                                                   C-5
Benthos




     Bottom-dwelling invertebrates were sampled using Hester-Dendy




artificial substrates and standard quantitative bottom sampling gear.




The artificial substrates were placed in situ for 42 to 49 days.  The




sample collected was brushed off the plates and preserved in 5 percent




formalin.  Two kinds of quantitative bottom samplers were used:  (1)




Surber square-foot sampler and (2) Petersen grab (dredge).  The sampled




streams were generally shallow, so the majority of quantitative sampling




was done with the Surber sampler.  A qualitative sample was taken at




each biological stream station also.  All samples were preserved in




10 percent formalin.  In the laboratory, the preserved organisms were




separated from debris, identified and counted.  Results from the artificial




substrates were expressed as number of animals per substrate; results




from Petersen and Surber samplers were expressed "as number of animals




per square foot.  Organisms collected in qualitative samples only were




arbitrarily assigned values of one per square foot of stream bed, and




were counted with the quantitative samples.




     In the report macroinvertebrates were classified into three




categories depending upon their reaction to environmental stress:*




1.  Intolerant - organisms that live in a restricted range of environ-




mental conditions.  They exhibit a negative reaction to enriched conditions.




Included in this category were immature stoneflies, caddisflies and mayflies.




2.  Facultative - organisms that can withstand a wide range of environ-




mental conditions and that thrive in moderate organic enrichment.  These




forms are not commonly found in grossly polluted conditions; e.g. immature




dragonflies, damselflies, midges (except Chironomus), scuds, etc.

-------
C-6
  3.   Tolerant - organisms  that can withstand adverse environmental




  conditions.   Commonly found in clean to polluted streams,  but  they




  often exhibit a positive  reaction to gross  organic enrichment  by a




  drastic increase in numbers;  e.g. sludgeworms,  leeches,  midges




  (Chironomus), etc.






  Fish




       Quantitative sampling of fish was  done with modified  trap nets




  in  the South Platte River (RM 339.2 to  332.3)  and in the Cache la




  Poudre River.  Four nets  were fished at each location for  24-hour




  periods and  data were expressed as the  equivalent catch  for four




  net days.  Fish were collected also in  the  South Platte  River  Basin




  by  electroshocking.

-------
                    APPENDIX D




CHEMICAL AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR STREAM SURVEYS

-------
                                                                                                        TABLE  D-l

                                                      SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA  FOR STREAM SURVEYS ON TRIBUTARIES IN THE DEaVfi! iCTROPOLITAN AREA
                                                                                   BEAR CREEK,  CHERRY  CREEK, SAND  CREEK AND CLEAR CREEK
                                                                                                AUGUST  30-SEPTEMBER 2, 1971
Mapa/
Key^X

8


7

6



11


16


22


21


20


19


Station Description
Bear Creek
Bear Creek upstream
of Morrison
(RM 326.4/13.0)
Bear Creek at Kipling
(RM 326.4/5.9)
Bear Creek at Mouth
(at Federal Blvd.)
(RM 326.4/0.7)
Cherry Creek
Cherry Creek at Mouth
(RM 317.7/0.1)
Sand Creek
Sand Creek at Mouth
(RM 312.1/0.1)
Clear Creek
Clear Creek upstream
of Golden
(RM 311.1/18.7)
Clear Creek at
Mclntire Road
(RN 311.1/14.1)
Clear Creek at Kipling
Street
(RM 311.1/10.1)
Clear Creek at York
Street
(RM 311.1/0.3)
	 FTS5 	
CFS


AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE 21 .8
RANGE 21.7-21.8


AVERAGE
RANGE 9.01-17.8

AVERAGE 102.7
RANGE 95.9-109.5


AVERAGE 185
RANGE 172-204

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE 21
RANGE 16-28
Temp.
°C


_
13.5-20.0
_
15.0-24.0
_
15.0-23.0


-
16.5-24

_
17-19


-
13.5-18.0

-
16-22.5

_
16.5-25.0

_
16-21
	 Cond.
umhos/cm


_
60-80
_
335-450
_
460-625


-
560-850

_
420-600


-
180-210

-
220-300

_
215-340

_
470-600
pH • Dissolved
S.U. mg/1.


7.6
7.4-8.3 .7.2-8.2
6.8
7.5-8.2 5.7-8.2
8.5
7.8-8.8 6.0-11.3


8.2
7.7-9.7 5.5-11.4

6.8
7.5-8.0 6.4-7.3


8.2
7.9-8.4 7.2-9.1

5.2
7.4-7.9 3.4-7.0

6.5
6.8-8.0 5.2-7.5

6.7
7.3-8.4 4.81-8.6
Oxygen
% Sat.


95
85-105
91
72-114
110
72-150


110
75-155

89
86-95


98
92-105

66
42-86

84
65-93

88
62-115
' ' BOD
mg/1


2.5
0.7-5.0
1.3
1.2-1.3
1.9
1.1-2.6


4.3
2.0-7.6

7.8
6.3-9.4


1.2
0.9-1.8

8.0
5.0-13

5.9
4.5-7.6

4.0
2.9-5.2
tot -
mg/1

c/
r

_
-
2
1-2


3
1-4

7
2-14


2
1-3'

.
-

_
-

3
1-4
Sol ids
Total


80
60-110
273
220-320
360
300-400


585
530-660

572
380-1 ,300


170 .
120-260

272
180-450

258
200-420

379
300-469
mg/1 -
Suspended


25
18-32
2C
10- 3C
19
12-26


34
18-60

203
28-830


57
21-130

92
32-270

35
15-55

35
10-60
Alkalinity
mg/1


30
29-30
162
160-164
215
212-318


192.
192-193

126
125-127


44
43-45

66^


64
63-64

b/
-

NH3 - N


0.2
0.1-6.2
_
-
0.2
0.1-0.2


0.2
0.2-0.3

0.3
0.2-0.5


0.2
0.2-0.3

_
-


-

0.4
0.3-0.5'
mg/1 as
Kj - N


.2
.1-.3
_
-
.3
.1-.5


.£/
-

2.8
1.0-5.4


.3
.2-. 3

_
-


-

7-
.6-. 9
"R 	
NU2 + NOi


0.18
0.10-0.27
_
-
0.33
0.12-0:54


1.6
1.5-1.7

1.06
.98-1.10


0.18
0.16-0.20

.
-

_
-

1.3
1.0-1.5
Total
(mq/1)


0.3
P 	



0.2-0.3
.
-
Q.-fJ
-


0.4^
-

0.6
0.5-0.

c/
o.r1
-

.
-

_
-

0.7^











,7













a/ See Figure 2.
E/ One value.
c/ All values the same.

-------
                                                                                            TABLE  D-2

                                               SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL  DATA AT  SELECTED STATIONS ON ST. VRAIN AND BOULDER CREEKS
                                                                                       SEPTEMBER 7-10,  1971
Map,,
Key^/

33


35



39



40



41



42


43


44



45


37


38


Station Description
St. Vrain Creek
St. Vrain Creek
upstream of Longmont
(RM 270.0/26.6)
St. Vrain Creek
downstream of.
Longmont (City Line
Road) (RM 270.0/20.8)



AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow Temp.
CFS °C


-
16.0-25.0


_
14.5-24.0
Cond.
ymhos/cm


-
260-340


_
520-1 ,200
PH
S.U.


-
6.9-7.9


.
7.6-8.1
Dissolved
mg/1


7.8
6.9-8.7


8.4
6.5-9.7
Oxygen
* Sat.


99
85-115


111
86-1 34
BOD
mq/1


1.3
1.2-1.5


5.4
1.3-10
TOC Solids
mg/1 Total


5 205
1-7 170-260


630
390-710
mg/1
Suspended


8
4-12


16
8-30
Alkalinity mg/1 as N Total P
mg/1 NH3 - N K.I - N NOj + N03 mg/1

b/
67 0.2 0.3 0.39 O.r'
60-80 0.1-0.3 0.2-0.3 0.09-1.6


65 ....
64-67 ....
Boulder Creek upstream
of Boulder State
Highway 119
(RM 270.0/17.4/27.6)
Boulder Creek down-
stream from Boulder
at 55th Street
(RM 270.0/17.4/21.0)
Boulder Creek down-
stream from South
Boulder Creek
(RM 270.0/17.4/19.9)
Boulder Creek County
Road 19 near Liggett
(RM 270.0/17.4/14.2)
Coal Creek' upstream
of Mouth
(RM 270.0/17.4/7.9/1.
Boulder Creek down-
stream from Coal
Creek at Highway 52
(RM 270.0/17.4/7.3)
Boulder Creek near
Mouth
(RM 270.0/17.4/1.9)
St. Vrain Creek at
1-25
(RM 270.0/14.6)
St. Vrain Creek near
Mouth
(RM 270.0/1.3)

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
0) RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

56
39-67 11.0-16.5


_
13.5-21.0


_
14-22.5

_
14.0-22.0

2.8
2.5-3.1 12.0-24.5


.
14.5-25.0

6.7
5.9-7.9 14.0-25.5

•
16.0-24.0

211
178-232 17.0-23.5

_
70-440


_
200-480


_
260-400

_
400-470

_
1 ,100-1 ,200


..
490-650

_
1 ,200-1 ,400

_
1,100-1,450

.
1,100-1,500

_
7.3-7.5


_
6.8-7.4


_
6.7-7.8

_
7.5-8.0

_
6.2-8.3


-
6.5-8.9

-
7.9-8.6

_
7.5-8.3

_
6.5-8.2

8.5
8.0-8.9


7.1
6.4-8.2


6.7
4.7-8.3

7.6
6.4-8.6

8.3
7.5-9.4


10.6
8.4-13.7

12.1
9.4-14.6

8.8
6.6-10.5

7.2
4.3-8.7

97
92-102


88
79-102


85
65-106

95
73-110

102
81-125


145
99-196

154
110-209

120
86-148

91
60-110

0.9
0:8-1.0


14
13-14


8.8
-

6.5
6.4-6.6

9.0
6.5-13


6.1
SiO-S.O

1.7
1.4-4.3

3.9
3.4-4.4

3.7 ..
2.3-5.6

<2 65

-------
                                                                          TABLE  D-3

                                  SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL  DATA AT  SELECTED  STATIONS ON ST. VRAIN CREEK
                                                                     DECEMBER 6-10, 1971
                                                              Flow     Temp.       Cond.        pH
                                                              CFS	°C       ymhos/cm     S.U.
                                                    Dissolved Oxygen   BOD
                                                    mg/1	% Sat,  mg/1
                                                     Alkalinity
                                                       ma/1
       a/
Map Key~    Station Description
  36        St. Vrain River downstream
            from Great Western at
            Longmont, Colorado
            (RM 270.0/20.6)

  34        St. Vrain River upstream of
            Great Western at Longmont,
            Colorado
            (RM 270/22.5)
AVERAGE   56.0         -           -                2.1           -     55
  RANGE   52.0-57.8 5.0-13.0  1,200-1,380  7.7-8.4   0.3-3.7      3-33   45-65
AVERAGE   38.6
  RANGE   34.5-40.3 0.0-1.0
                    11.3         -      3
825-1,350  7.7-8.3  10.4-12.6  85-106   2-6
                                                      251
                                                      230-265
                                                                                                                                       214
                                                                                                                                       198-230
a/ See Figure 3.

-------
                                                                                          TABLE D-4

                                           SUMMARY OF  FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE BIG AND LITTLE THOMPSON RIVERS
                                                                                     SEPTEMBER 7-10, 1971
Mapa/
Key5/
Station Description
Flow
CFS
Temp.
°C
Cond.
umhos/cm
PH
S.U.
Dissolved Oxygen
mg/1
* Sat.
BOD
mg/1
TOC
mg/1
Solids mg/1 Alkalinity
Total Suspended mq/1
NH-, - N
mg/1 as N
K, - N
NO, + NO-)
Total P
mg/1
Big Thompson River Basin
47
48



50



51


53



54

57

52

Big Thompson River
(BTR) west of Love-
land on U.S. 34
Fawn Hallow
(RM 260.4/37.9)
BTR two miles west
of 1-25 on Colorado
402 1/4 mile north
on Road 9E
(RM 260.4/23.5)
. BTR south of Officer
one mile east 1/2 mile
on Weld County- 54
(RM 260.4/16.5)
BTR at Route 257.
Milliken
. (RM 260.4/8.2).
Little Thompson River
(LTR) south and west
of Berthoud
(RM 260.4/7.0/18.9)
LTR at 1-25
(RM 260.4/7.0/11.1)
LTR at Mouth
(RM 260.4/7.0/0.1)
BTR at Mouth
(RM 260.4/0.9)
AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE 25
RANGE 81-28


AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE 63
RANGE 54-72"
AVERAGE 93
RANGE 92-108
15-17

-
15-21


-
15-20

-
14-19


_
17-25
_
15-22
.
14-18.5
.
14-21
60-100

-
800-1,100


-
675-1 ,300

-
1,600-2,000


_
2,400-3,750
• '
2,700-3.500
_
2,600-4,000

1,700-3,000
7.2-7.7

-
7.5-8.5


-
7.8-8.6

-
7.8-8.3


-
7.9-8.3
_
7.9-8.1
.
7.9-8.1'
.
7.4-8.0
8.2
7.7-8.7

8.5
6.5-9.8


11.9
8:9-15.7

9.3
7.7-10.8


7.1
6.0-8.1
6.9
5.3-8.4
6.8
6.4-7.0
7.5
7.0-8.0
88
83-93

98
76-118


135
103-150

110
79-115


84
66-115
80
65-89
75
72-77
86
76-98
2.0
1.6-2.5

5.8
5.2-6.8


2.4
1.2-3.1

i.6 '-
1.0-2.7


3.6
2.0-6.8
6.1
3.7-8.4
4.1
3.8-4.2
3.1
2.6-3.7
f,.,

8
7-8


5
3-9

5
2-9


6
5-8
-
-
12
11-13
8
6-11
377
50-820

570
480-710


788
670-950

1,370
1,120-1,670


1,970
1,880-2,130
3,210
2,770-4,190
2,520
2,250-2,940
1,760
1,050-2,160
13
8-30

30
6-48


18
7-35

21
8-59


9
7-19
378
61-1,250
225 ,
132-440
140 26
90-1 fi? . "25-26
0.2
0.1-0.3

0.5
0.2-0.8


0.2
0.2-0.3

0.3
0.2-0.4


0.2
0.2-0.3
.
-
0.4
0".3-O.S
0.3
0.2-0.4
0.3
0.1-0.4

1.5
1.1-2.1


0.6
0.3-0.8

0.4
-


0.7
0.4-0.8
_
-
1.0
0.4-1.6
0.7
0.5-0.'8
0.17 0.3
0.03-0.50 0.1-0.4

0.90
0.53-1.4


1.2
0.85-1.6

1.4
0.87-2.2


2.0
0.9-2.7
-
-
3.0
2.9-3.2
2.3
2.2-2.4

0.7
0.5-1.0


0.5
0.4-0.5

0.3
0.2-0.5


0.3
0.1-0.4
-

0.8
0.7-1.0
0.6
0.4-1.0
a/ See Figure 3.
B/ Al1 values the same

-------
                                                                          TABLE D-5

                         SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE  BIG  AND  LITTLE THOMPSON  RIVERS
                                                                     DECEMBER 6-10, 1971
Map Key
Station Description
Flow
CFS
                                                                        Temp.
                                                                         °C
  Cond.
limbos/cm
 pH
S.U.
DissolvedOxygen     BOD
 ing/1     % Sat.'     mg/1
Alkalinity
   mq/1
  48        Big Thompson River upstream of
            Great Western at Loveland,
            Colorado
            (RM 260.4/23.5)

  49        Big Thompson River downstream
            from Great Western at Loveland,
            Colorado
            (RM 260.4/21.0)

  56        Little Thompson River down-
            stream from Great Western
            at Johnstown, Colorado
            (RM 260.4/7.0/1.15)

  55        Little Thompson River upstream
            of Great Western at Johnstown,
            Colorado
            (RM 260.4/7.0/4.0)
                                 AVERAGE    12.4            -           -           -      9.7          -      17
                                   RANGE    12.4-12.4    0.0-4.5   1,350-1,500  7.4-8.2   7.6-11.0   62-104   12-24
                                 AVERAGE    18.2            -          -           -     8.4          -      16
                                   RANGE     9.3-25.3    0.0-4.5    975-1,200   7.8-8.1  7.9-8.9    65-75    11-24
                                 AVERAGE    25.1
                                   RANGE    24.9-25.4
                                 AVERAGE    20.7
                                   RANGE    20.7
                                          5.8          -       82
           0.5-4.5  1,400-3,250  7.9-8.3  4.0-7.0    37-58    46-148
                                         10.6          -        4
           0.0-2.5  2,750-3,500  7.9-8.4 10.4-10.7    86-87      2-7
                                                                           203
                                                                           196-215
                                                                           238
                                                                           223-248
                                                      354
                                                      322-403
                                                      317
                                                      299-338

-------
                                                                                              TABLE  D-6

                                                    SUMMARY OF  FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER

                                                                                         SEPTEMBER 13-16, 1971
Key ^
60


61



62



63


64

65



66


67


69

72


73


75


Station Description
Cache la Poudre River
(CLPR) upstream of
Bellevue off Highway
287 at Highway 54E
(RM 249.0/53.60)
CLPR upstream of
Fort Collins at
Shields Avenue Bridge
(RM 249.0/46.80)
CLPR at Prospect .
Avenue in Fort
Collins
(RM 249.0/41.2)
CLPR at Timnath
Road
(RM 249.0/36.3)
CLPR upstream of
Windsor
(RM 249.0/26.5)
CLPR downstream from
Windsor and south of
Bracewel 1
(RM 249.0/17.9) '
CLPR at Spanish
Colony
(RM 249.0/9.4) .
Irrigation return near
Spanish Colony
(RM 249.0/9.35)
Eaton Draw -at Mouth
(RM 249.0/6.9/0.1) '
CLPR at 6th Avenue,
Greeley
(RM 249.0/6.3)
CLPR downstream
from Greeley STP
(RM 249.0/5.2)
CLPR near Mouth at
David Bridge
(RM 249.0/0.5)
Flow Temp. Cond. pH
CFS °C umhos/cm S.U.


AVERAGE 266
RANGE 230-302 11-14 60-85 7.1-7.3


AVERAGE - - - -
RANGE - 10.0-14.5 130-160 7.2-8.0


AVERAGE 55.5
RANGE 35.8-79.5 11.0-15.0 430750 7.3-8.3

AVERAGE - - -
RANGE - 11.0-14.0 1,600-2,000 7.5-7.7
AVERAGE
RANGE - 11.5-14.5 1,300-1,450 7.8-8.2


AVERAGE -
RANGE - 11.5-15 1 ,500-.! ,700.. 7.8-8.0

AVERAGE 39.7
RANGE 32.4-45.1 11-14 1,750-2,100 7.6-8.1

AVERAGE 7.49
RANGE .6.05-8.61 10.5-12.0 1,350-2,600 7.9-8.-1
AVERAGE 1.53^ - - - b/ '
' -'(ANGE 1.32-1.74 10.5-14.0 1,650-1,900 8.5~

AVERAGE - - - -
XANGE - 11-14 -2,000-2,500 7.9-8.2

AVERAGE - - - -
~ANGE - 12-14 1,900-2,600 7.7-8.1

AVERAGE 85.1
RANGE 69.2-101.1 11-15 1,900-2,000 7.7-7.8
Dissolved Oxygen
mg/1


9.6
9.2-10.4


12.3
10-14.5


7.7
7.4-10.1

5.5
3.7-6.5
9.4
8.7-10-.1


8.9 .
8.0-10.4

10.9
8.7-13.9

9.0
8.6-9.4
8.2
7.6-9.3

7.6
6.9-8.5

5.5
3.9-6.8

5.1
2.7-6.1
% Sat.


106
100-114


102
95-111


86
48-120

61
41-71
108
103-112


101
90-116

121
96-155

99
-96-103
92
85-101

86
75-100

62
43-80

57
32-68
BOD,
mg/T


0.9
0.9-1.0


1.2
1.1-1.4


7.4
6.6-8.2

5.3
4.0-6.6
3.9
3.8-4.0


3.4 .
3.1-3.8

1.9
1.5-2.3

7.0
5.2^8.8
11
10-11

3.4
3.2-3.5

27
20-34

10
9.2-11
TOC Solids mg/1
mg/1 Total


<1 65
<1-1 30-120


90
60-150

b/
3 ... 422
320-570

4 1 ,620
2-5 1 ,560-1 ,700
5 1,120
4-6 1,010-1,260


1,360
1,200-1,460

3 1,780
2-4 1 ,690-1 ,940

1 ,820
1,380-2,810
10 1,370
8-12 1,270-1,550

1 .400
620-1,720

1,470
1,410-1,550

8 1,440
6-9 1,320-1,520
Susp.


7


8
5-15


13
9-19

9
7-15
38
30-50


35 -
29-41

8
4-12

310
250-350
100
42-170

50
43-73

78
38-142

35
31-50
Turbidity Alkalinity mg/1 as N Total P
J.T.U.


3.9
3.2-4.5


3.6
2.6-4.5


8.4
2.8-17

4.0
2.5-4.8
14
7.3-18


8.9
2.6-16

4.8
4.5-5.0

120
85-140
42 • -
22-60

20
7.3-30

31
17-50

12
4.5-23
mg/1 NH3 - N K.I - N NO? + NOj mg/1


30 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1^
26-36 0.2-0.3 0.2-0.3


43 . . . .
39-46 ...

b/
142 0.3^ 1.1 . 0.76 1.2
113-171 - - 0.69-0.84 1.0-1.3

252 1.7 3.0 2.7 1.0
247-257 1.0-2.4 2.9-3.0 - 0.7-V.3'.
195 0.3^ 1.0 1.2 0.4^
187-209 - 1.0-1.1 1.1-1.3


230 ' -
222-248

275 0.2 0.6 4.5 0.1
260-290 0.2-0.3 0.5-0. i 4.3-4.7 0.1-. 0.2

206
162-315 - ' - . -
201 0.2 - 1.4 3.8 0.4
200-202 0.2-0.3 1.3-1.6 3.7-3.8 0.3-0.5

256 -
247-282

251
237-275 -
b/ b/
254 0.4 1.7 3.7- 0.5^
238-267 0.4-0.5 1.4-2.0
a/ See Figure 3.
B/ All values the same.
£/ No flow on September 13 and 16.'1971.

-------
                                                            TABLE  D-7

                   SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS  AND  CHEMICAL  DATA AT  SELECTED STATIONS ON THE CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER
                                                     DECEMBER  6-7, and 13-15, 1971


Map a/FlowTemp.Cond.pHDissolved OxygenBODTOCAlkalinity
Key ~   Station Description	CFS	^C	umhos/cm	S.U.	mg/1    %  Sat.    mg/1     mg/1     mg/1

 75     Cache la Poudre River
        (CLPR) near Mouth at
        Davis Range           AVERAGE  144            -             -            -           -        -       59                271
        (RM 249.0/0.5)          RANGE   -          0.5-5.0     1,400-1,700   7.4-7.8      5.1-7.1  48-63     30-135            259-284

 73     CLPR downstream
        from STP at
        Greeley               AVERAGE  132 (est)       -             -            -        9.1         -       29                253
        (RM 249.0/5.2)          RANGE   -          0.0-3.5     1,050-1,700   7.6-7.9      8.2-9.6  72-81     22-38             249-257

 72     CLPR at 6th Avenue
        in Greeley            AVERAGE  122 (est)       -             -            -      11.0        -       8.5               253
        (RM 249.0/6.3)          RANGE   -          0.0-2.5     1,000-1,800   7.8-8.1    10.6-12.189-108    6-12             250-257

 68     CLPR upstream of
        Eaton Draw            AVERAGE  111            -             -            -      11.1      91        4.8               247
        (RM 249.0/7.0)          RANGE   -          0.0-2.5     1,300-1,725   7.5-8.0    10.6-12.789-96     3-10             242-252

 69     Eaton Draw- at
        Mouth                 AVERAGE   22.5          -             -            -           -        -       14      10        325
        (RM 249.0/6.9/0.1)      RANGE   -          4.0-8.0     1,500-1,850   7.8-8.3      9.1-10.094-109    12-18  9.0-11.0   324-325

 71     Eaton Draw upstream
        of Great Western      AVERAGE  1.8            -             -            -        9.4        -     3.4        8       348
        (RM 249.0/6.9/7.2)      RANGE  1.71-2.07      2-7       1,400-1,520   8.0-8.3      8.3-10.575-100    2-6.6    5-10    341-355

 70     Eaton Draw down-
        stream from STP       AVERAGE   -             -             -            -        3.5        -       26        13       331
        (RM 249.0/6.9/6.5)      RANGE  6.0 (est)     15-19      1,450-3,000   7.8-8.2      3.0-4.0  38-50     12-36     7-19    266-395
                                                                                                                                      o
a/ See Figure 3.
b/ These stations sampled during the period November 30-December 4, 1971.

-------
                                   TABLE  D-8
SUMMARY OF SELECTED STUDIES ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER, WATERTON TO KERSEY,
                           AUGUST 30-SEPTEMBER 16, 1971
Mai/
Key&/
1


2


3


5


9


10


12


14


24


25

26


29


30


31


32


Flow
Station Description CFS
South Platte River at
Waterton Bridge east
. of Water Treatment AVERAGE 320
Plant (RM 339.2) RANGE 291-345
South Platte River
at Blakeland Road AVERAGE
(RM 336.5) RANGE
South Platte River
at Colorado 470 AVERAGE
Bridge (RM 334.9) RANGE
South Platte River
at Bowles Avenue • AVERAGE
(RM 329.8) RANGE
South Platte River at
Florida Avenue AVERAGE
(RM 323.2) RANGE
South Platte River up-
stream of. Cherry Creek AVERAGE
(RM 317.8) . ' ". RANGE
South Platte River at
19th Street Bridge AVERAGE 307
(RM 317.3) RANGE 291-344
South Platte River at
York Street - AVERAGE
(RM 313.4) ' RANGE
South Platte River at
88th Avenue AVERAGE
(RM 308.8) RANGE
South Platte River at
(RM 301.7) RANGE • 275-7.94
South Platte River at .
Brighton, Colorado AVERAGE
(RM 296.1) . RANGE
South Platte River at
Fort Lupton, Colorado AVERAGE 738
(RM 288.2) RANGE 630-895
South Platte River at
Platteville, Colorado AVERAGE
(RM 276.7) RANGE
South Platte River up-
stream of Mouth of St. AVERAGE
Vrain Creek (RM 270.1) RANGE
South Platte River
downstream from St. AVERAGE
Vrain Creek (RM 264.7) RANGE
Temp.
°C

-
15.0-20.0

-
16.0-18.0

-
17.0-20.0

-
16.7-21.5

-
16.0-22.0

-
17.0-24.0

-
16.7-24.0

-
17.2-22.5

_
18.0-22.0

18.5-23.0

-
18.5-24.0

- -
18.5-23.5

-
18.7-25.0

_
15-22.5

-
15.0-21.5
Cond.
umhos/cm

-
330-540

-
350-360

-
320-440

-
320-470

-
375-540

-
360-675

-
325-600

-
360-580

-
640-800

600-900

-
620-990

-
750-1,050

-
650-1,010

_
900-1 ,310

-
1,000-1 ,400
pH
S.U.

-
7.3-8.7

-
8.1-8.3

-
8.0-8.3

-
7.1-8.3

-
7.2-8.0

-
7.7-8.6

-
7.2-8.3

-
7.4-8.1

-
7.3-7-6

7.2-7.6

-
7.3-7.8

-
7.3-7.6

-
7.4-8.0

-
6.2-7.8

-
7.0-8.0
Dissolved Oxygen
mg/1

7.6
7-3-8.2

8.2
7.7-9.0

7.7
7.3-8.4

7.9
7.3-9-9

7.0
6.5-7.6

7.0
5.0-8.5

7.0
6.0-7-7

6.9
5.7-7.4

4-5
3-3-5-7
3f
.6
2.4-4.6

3-7
3.0-4.6

"3.8
3.2-4.1

4.9
4.0-6.5

5.0
3-8-5.7

6.8
5.7-7.3
% Sat.

95-8
84.0-100

102
94-110

98
91-107

102
90-135

93
87-97

96
70-114

92
85-100

90
80-100

60
45-75
47
31-60

49
39-63

51
45-56

67
55-85

64
49-77

88'
67-97
BOD;
mg/1

1.0
0.7-1.3

1.0
0.9-1-1

1.5
1.0-2.0

2.8
0.9-6.2

5.1
3.3-7.8

5.1
3.0-6.7

6.1
4.4-7.7

7.4
4.9-13

6.2£/
-
5.2
4.9-5.4

8.1
5.6-13

5.2
4.3-6.2

7
5.4-9:6

6.8
2.9-9.4

6.7
3.2-11
TOC Solids mg/1 Turbidity
mg/1 Total Susp. J.T.U.

<1 250
<1-1 190-320

216
180-250

.283
200-1,070

<\-' 270
230-300

<2 348

-------
                                                                       TABLE D-8 cont.
                                     SUMMARY OF SELECTED STUDIES ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER,  WATERTON TO KERSEY,  COLORADO
                                                                AUGUST 30-SEPTEMBER 16, 1971
Map
Key2/
1)6



58



59



76


Station Description
Flow
CFS
Temp. Cond.
°C ymhos/cm
pH
S.U.
Dissolved Oxygen
mg/l
% Sat.
BOD 5
mg/l
TOC Solids mg/l Turbidity
mg/l Total
Susp.
J.T.U.
Alkal inity
mg/l
South Platte River down-
stream from Big
Thompson River be-
tween Evans and
La Sal le at Highway
U.S. 85 (RM 256.1)
South Platte River
upstream of Cache la
Poudre River near
Evans (RM 252.5)
South Platte River
upstream of Mouth of
Cache la Poudre
River (RM 250.6)
South Platte River
at Kersey
(RM 21)6.5)

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE 1)38
RANGE 1)00-1)85

-
18-22 1,100-1,700


-
11-11) 1,500-2,000


-
11-15 1,800-2,000

-
11-15 1,600-1,850

-
6.8-8.1


-
8.0-8.2


_
8.1-8.2

-
8.1-8.2

6.9
5.6-7.5


8.1
7.6-8.8


7.7
6.9-8.5

7.7
7.2-8.2

88
65-95


87
87-91)


83
76-91

86
80-89

6.3
3.1-12


2.0
1.8-2.2


1.9
1.7-2.0

l).l
3. l)-i>. 9

12 1,170
l>-23 990-1,290


<2 1,230
-!>. 6


-
-

6 3.8
5-0.7 3.6-3.9
Total
mg/l


1.0
0.6-1.3


0.1)
0.3-0.5


-
-

0.6
0.6-0.7
— See Figures 2 and 3.
— All values the same.

-------

/
Map Key5-'
12


13



14

- 15

M-10


17 .


19


TABLE D-9
SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL RESULTS AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS FOR THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
19th Street to 88th Avenue
December 13-17, 1971
Flow Temperature pH Cond. DO Percent BOD Total Solids
CFS °C S.U. ymhos/cm mg/1 Saturation mg/i me/1
Station Avg. Range Range Range Range Avg. Range Average Average
SPR at 19th Street 107 3-6 7.6-7.9 775-875 8.5-10.0 9.4 76-93 18 675
(RM 317.3)
b/
SPR at Denver 135~ 3-6 7.4-7.9. 825-1,000 .7.8-9.8 8.9 70-91 14 750
Northside plant
(RM 314.5)
b/
SPR at York Street 2~ 3-5 7.7-7.8 750-1,000 7.8-9.4 8.7 68-86 9 755
(RM 313.2)
Burlington Ditch 1422- 3-5 7.5-7.8 850-1,000 7.7-9.6 8.8 69-91 14 . 725
at York Street
Denver Metro 153 . . ... 44
effluent • ' •
(RM 312.2)
SPR at 1-270 160^ 15-15 7.1-7.4 1,000-1,100 6.0-6.4 6.1 71-76 44 890
bridge
(RM 312.0 " . . '"..'.• 	
Clear Creek at 54 0.5-2 7.7-8.0 825-1,000 9.2-10.5 9.8 77-89 15
York Street - • .•••••'..
(RM 311.1/0.3)
o
h-
O
Susp. Solids
mg/1
Average
38


29



29

35




95


45



-------
                                                             TABLE D-9 (Continued)

                                SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL RESULTS AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS FOR THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
                                                          19th Street to 88th Avenue
                                                             December 13-17, 1971
Map Key^
23
24

SPR
224
(RM
SPR
Station
at Colorado
(70th Avenue)
310.9)
at 88th Avenue
Flow
CFS
Avg.
b/
220-
b/
200-
Temperature
°C
Range
8-9
3-12
PH
S.U.
Range
7.3-7.6
7.4-7.7
Cond .
umhos/cm
Range
950-1,050
775-1,100
DO
mg/1
Range
7.4-8.
6.7-7.
.0
,3
Avg.
7.8
7.0
Percent BOD Total Solids
Saturation mg/1 mg/1
Range Average Average
77-83 40 820
60-81
Susp. Solids
rag/1
Average
68
            (RM 308.8)
a/  See Figure 2.
b/  Estimated flow.

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                                                                        TABLE  D-10

                               SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL  DATA  AT  SELECTED  STATIONS ON THE SOUTH  PLATTE  RIVER
                                                          UPSTREAM OF BRIGHTON  DOWNSTREAM TO  KERSEY
                                                                     DECEMBER 6-10,  1971
       a/
Map Key-
Description
Flow
CFS
Temp.       Cond.      pH     Dissolved Oxygen     BOD     TOC     Alkalinity
 °C	yimhos/cm    S.U.     mg/1      % SatT    mg/1    mg/1	mg/1
25        South Platte River (SPR) at
          Henderson, Colorado
          (RM 301.7)

26        SPR at Colorado 7 bridge
          west of Brighton, Colorado
          (RM 296.1)

27        SPR downstream from STP
   "••     • at-Brighton, Colorado
          (RM 295.7)

28        SPR downstream from Great
          Western at Brighton-,
          Colorado
          (RM 294.4)

29        SPR at Fort Lupton, Colorado
          (RM 288.2)
                                  b/
59        SPR one mile upstream of~~
          mouth of Cache la Poudre
          River
          (RM 250.6)

76        SPR at Kersey, Colorado
          (Colorado 37 bridge)
          (•RM 246.5)
                                               AVERAGE
                                                 RANGE
                                               AVERAGE
                                                 RANGE
                                               AVERAGE
                                                 RANGE
                                               AVERAGE
                                                 RANGE
                                               AVERAGE
                                                 RANGE

                                               AVERAGE
                                                 .RANGE
a/ See Figure 3.
b/ These stations sampled December 6-7 and 13-15, 1971.
                                   200
                                   168-250
                                   322
                                   307-339

                                   670(est)
                                               AVERAGE    842
                                                 RANGE  .  806-887
            FLOW MEASUREMENTS ONLY FROM USGS GAGE
                                                                               5.2
                                                3.0-9.0    950-1,100  7.3-7.5   5.1-5.4
                                                                37      61         227
                                                                20-48   20-87     226-229
                                                                         -      4.8           -        39       66         234   .
                                                2.0-9.0   1,100-1,200  7.3-7.5   4.5-5.0    41-49      14-67    25-94      232-236


                                                                               4.7           -        37       67         273
                                                2.0-9.0     775-1,300  7.3-7.6   4.5-5.3    41-55      22-56    22-100     222-362
            FLOW MEASUREMENTS ONLY FROM USGS GAGE
                                     -     9.4          -       12
            0.0-2.0  1,300-1,400  7.4-7.8  -8.9-10.0   83-74    7.5-15
                                                                               8.3          -        26
                                                0.0-2.5  1.300-K500  7.5-7.8  7.7-9.1   <  61-72     16-36
                                                                     244
                                                                     244-244
                                                                                  254
                                                                                  209-300

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                                                                         TABLE D-ll

                                 SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT  SELECTED  STATIONS ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
                                      UPSTREAM OF GREAT WESTERN SUGAR-FORT MORGAN DOWNSTREAM  TO  1-80 BRIDGE, NEBRASKA
Map Key-/  Station Description     Date of Survey
                                                  Flow
                                                  CFS
                                    Temp.       Cond.       pH      Dissolved Oxygen    BOD      TOCAlkalinity
                                     °C	ymhos/cm    S.U.      mg/1     % Sat.    mg/1     mg/1      mg/1
  88
  87
  86
  84
  83
  82
South Platte River      11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
(SPR) downstream from                     RANGE
Nebraska-Colorado
state line (1-80
bridge)
(RM 81.1)
                                                                11.0         -     3.5       7
                                   .5-2.0   1,500-1,6508.1      10.5-11.6  85-92   3.0-5.4   5-12
SPR at Julesburg
(bridge on US 385)
(RM 86.9)
11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE  340                     -         -     10.8         -     3.8       8
                  RANGE  329-352   .5-2.5    1,500-1,6508.0-8.2  10.4-11.4  82-93   3.0-5.4   5-11
SPR downstream from     11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
Ovid, Colorado                            RANGE
(RM 94.0)
SPR at Ovid,
Colorado (bridge
on Colorado 23)
(RM 95.4)
11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
                  RANGE
SPR downstream from     11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
Great Western dis-                        RANGE
charge at Sterling,
Colorado
(RM 150.0)
SPR upstream of
Sterling, Colorado
(RM 151.6)
11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
                  RANGE
                                                                 9.9         -      13      10
                                  2.0-4.0   1,550-1,6007.6-8.1   9.5-10.0  82-87    10-23    8-13
                               11.3          -      2.0       6
0.5-2.5   1,500-1,7008.0-8.2  10.8-11.6   89-95    2.0-2.4   4-9
                               11.0         -
2.5-6.0   1,600-1,9008.1-8.4  10.2-11.5   82-102
                                                                                                                                          264-271
                                                                     264
                                                                     254-271
                                                                     264
                                                                     262-275
                                                                     268
                                                                     262-273
                                                                10.0         -     9 0       9         267
                                  2.5-9.0    1,550-1,8008.2-8.5   9.1-10.5  74-91   7.0-14    4-18      260-275
                                                    n       5         267
                                                   .0-5.0   4-6       262-271

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                                                                   TABLE  D-11  (Continued)

                               SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT  SELECTED  STATIONS ON THE  SOUTH  PLATTE  RIVER
                                       UPSTREAM OF GREAT WESTERN SUGAR-FORT  MORGAN DOWNSTREAM TO  1-80 BRIDGE,  NEBRASKA
        ,                                                    Flow      Temp.       Cond.        pH       Dissolved  Oxygen    BOD       TOCAlkalinity
Map Key^-'   Station Description     Date of Survey            CFS	°C       pmhos/cm     S.U.    ~ mg/1      %  Sat.    mg/1      mg/1	mg/1

  81       SPR at Balzac           11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE   97       (FLOW  ONLY  -  USGS  GAGE)
           (RM 174.4)                                RANGE   92-102

  80       SPR downstream from     11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE              -           --           -     8.8           -      5.0        6         273
           Great Western dis-                        RANGE           3.5-8.0   1,400-1,800  8.1-8.4  8.4-9.4     71-89    3.0-6.0    4-8       264-279
           charge at Fort'Morgan,
           Colorado
           (RM 195.4)

  78       SPR upstream of         11/29/12/3/71    AVERAGE              -            -           -     11.0           -      2.0        6         273
           Great Western dis-                        RANGE           1.0-5.0   1,500-1,750  8.1-8.3  9.8-11.5    85-99    2.0-3.0    4-8       264-279
           charge at Fort Morgan,
           Colorado
           (RM 196.6)
                                                            288       (FLOW  ONLY  -  USGS.GAGE)
  77      -SPR-at Weldona          11/29-12/3/71    AVERAGE
           (RM1203.9)                                RANGE  273-292
a/ See Figure 4.

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                                                  TABLE  D-12

                 SUMMARY OF HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS  AT  SELECTED  STATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
 Ma p^/
Key     Station Description
Dates of Survey
         Mercury   Cadmium   Chromium    Copper    Lead    Zinc
          ug/1	mg/1	mg/1	mg/1	mg/1    mg/1
  1      South Platte River
        at Waterton Bridge
        east of water treat-
        ment plant
        (RM 339.2)

  5     South Platte River
        at Bowles Avenue
        (RM 329.8)

  6     Bear Creek near
        Mouth (at Federal
        Blvd)
        (RM 326.4/0.7)

  8     Bear Creek upstream
        of Morrison along
        Colorado 74 (second
        suspended walkway
        across the creek)
        (RM 326.4/13.0)

  9     South Platte River
        at Florida Avenue
        (RM 323.2)
August 30, 1971
September 2, 1971
AVERAGE  <.2
  RANGE
August 30, 1971
September 2, 1971   AVERAGE  <.2
                      RANGE

August 30, 1971
September 2, 1971   AVERAGE  <.2
                      RANGE
August 30, 1971
September 2, 1971   AVERAGE  <.2
                      RANGE
August 30, 1971
September 2, 1971   AVERAGE  <.2
                      RANGE  <.2-.2
<.02
                   <.02
                   <.02
                   <.02
<.02
          <.02
          <.02
          <.02
<.02
           <.02
           <.02
           <.02
<.03    <.02
          <.03    <.04
           .04    <.02
          <.03    <.02
                             <.02       <.02      <.03    <.02
                             <.02-.02   <.02-.02  <.03-.03<.02-.03

-------
                                             TABLE  U-12 (Continued)

                 SUMMARY OF HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS AT SELECTED STATIONS  -  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                                                                                  0
                                                                                                                   I
Mapa/
Key -
11
12


19


22


25


29


Station Description
Cherry Creek at
Mouth
(RM 317.7/0.1)
South Platte River at
19th Street Bridge
(RM 317.3)
Clear Creek at York
Street
(RM 311.1/0.3)
Clear Creek upstream
of Golden
(RM 311.1/18.7)
South Platte River
at Henderson, Colo.
(RM 301.7)
South Platte River
at Fort Lupton, Colo.
(RM 288.2)
Dates of Survey
August 30
September
August 30
September

August 30
September

August 30
September

August 30
September

August 30
September

, 1971 -
2, 1971
, 1971 -
2, 1971

, 1971 -
2, 1971

, 1971 -
2, 1971

, 1971 -
2, 1971

, 1971 -
2, 1971

Mercury
uq/1
AVERAGE <.2
RANGE

AVERAGE <.2
RANGE

AVERAGE <.2
RANGE

AVERAGE <.2
RANGE

AVERAGE 0.3
RANGE

AVERAGE .4
RANGE
Cadmium Chromium
mg/1 mg/1
<.02 <.02

<.02 <.02
-

<.02 <.02
<.02-.02

<.02 <.02
_
b/
<.02-/ .04
.04-. 05
b/ b/
<.02~ .04-
-
Copper
rng/1
<.02

.02
-

.02
.02-. 03

.05
-

.06
.04-. 08

.08
.06-. 09
Lead
mg/1
.03

<.03
-

<.04
<.03-.04

<.03
•

<.10
<.03-.16

.05
.03-. 07
Zinc
mg/1
.04

.09
-

.04
.04-
-
.36
-

.18
.07-

.14
.10-







.05





.29


.17
33      St. Vrain Creek up-
        stream of Longmont
        (RM 270.0/26.6)
September 7-10,
1971
AVERAGE  <.6
  RANGE   .2-.9
    b/        b/
<.02-     <.03~    <.

-------
                                             TABLE D-12 (Continued)

                 SUMMARY OF HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS AT SELECTED STATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Map .
Key *
38
39
40
Station Description
St. Vrain near Mouth
(RM 270.0/1.3)
Boulder Creek up-
stream of Boulder
State Highway 119
(RM 270.0/17.4/27.6)
Boulder Creek down-
stream from Boulder
at 55th Street (1/2
Dates of
September
1971
September
1971
September
1971
Survey
7-10,
7-10,
7-10,

AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
Mercury Cadmium Chromium
yg/1 mg/1 mg/1

,02*
<.02
<.02-.02
Lead
mg/1
<.04
<.03-.04
•y
...#
Zinc
mg/1
<.02
<.02-
<.02^
<.03
<.02-

.02
/
.04
43
46
mile north of
Valmont)
(RM 270.0/17.4/21.0)

Coal Creek upstream    September 7-10,
of Mouth               1971
(RM 270.0/17.4/7.9/1.0)
South Platte River
downstream from the
Big Thompson River
between Evans and
LaSalle at Hwy US-85
(RM 256.1)
September 7-10,
1971
                                           AVERAGE  <.5       <.02
                                             RANGE  <.2-.7
                                                   AVERAGE  <.5
                                                     RANGE  <.2-.7
                                           b/
                                           ~~
                                                                                <.02
                                                                            b/
    b/        b/
<.02~     <.02-
    b/
                                            b/
                                                            <.02      <.03     <.02
                                                                      <.03-.03
<.04       .09      .1.0
<.02-.07   .08-.10  .05-.16
                                                                                                                     o

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                                             TABLE  D-12 (Continued)

                 SUMMARY OF HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS  AT  SELECTED  STATIONS - SOUTH  PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                                                                           n

                                                                                                           h-1
                                                                                                           00
 Map
Key -
        Station Description    Dates of Survey
Mercury
 ug/1
Cadmium
 mg/1
          Chromium
            mg/1
                                        Copper
                                         mg/1
                                                                      Lead
                                                                      mg/]
                                                                                                     Zinc
                                                                                                     mg/1
47      Big Thompson River
        west of Loveland on
        US 34 (third bridge)
        Fawn Hollow
        (RM 260.4/37.9)

48      Big Thompson River
        two miles west of
        t-25 on-Colo. 402
        T/4 mile north on
        Road 9E,
                       September 7-10,
                       1971
                       September 7-10,
                       1971
                    AVERAGE  <.3
                      RANGE  <.2-.4
AVERAGE  <.5
  RANGE  <.2-.7
    b/
<.02~
          <.«*
                                                      b/
                                                  <.03
                                                            <.02       <.04      <.02
                                                            <.02-,02   <.03-.04 <.02-.02
52
53
57
60
Big Thompson River
at Mouth
(RM 260..4/0.9)

Big Thompson River
south and west of
Berthoud
CRM 260.4/7.0/18.9)
September 7-10,
1971
September 7-10,
T971
Little Thompson River  September 7-10,
at Mouth               1971
(RM 260.4/7.0/0.1)

Cache la Poudre River  September 13-16,
upstream of Bellevue   1971
off Hwy 285 at Hwy 54E
(RM 249.0/53.6)
                                                   AVERAGE   T.O
                                                     RANGE   ..2-1.8
                                                   AVERAGE   <.3
                                                     RANGE   <.2-.4
                                                   AVERAGE  <.5
                                                     RANGE  <.2-.7
                                                   AVERAGE  <.2-
                                                     RANGE
    b/        b/         b/
  IT     <.02~      <.®r
                                        <.03
                                        <.02-.04
                                                   .06
                                                   .05-. 07
                                .06
                                .03-. 10
                                                             .04       .06
                                                             .02-.07   .03-.10
                                                              - b/        b/
                                                            <.02-     <.03-
                                          .03
                                          ..02-. 04
                                                            .03
                                                            .02-.04

-------
                                              TABLE D-12 (Continued)

                  SUMMARY OF HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS AT SELECTED STATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Map .
Key *
62
63
65
69
75
Station Description
Cache la Poudre River
at Prospect Avenue in
Fort Collins
(RM 249.0/41.2)
Cache la Poudre River
at Timnath Road
(RM 249.0/36.3)
Cache la Poudre River
downstream from Windsor
& south of Bracewell
(RM 249.0/17.9)
Eaton Draw at Mouth
(RM 249.0/6.9/0.1)
Cache la Poudre River
near Mouth at Davis
Ranch
Dates of
September
1971
September
1971
September
1971
September
1971
September
1971
Survey
13-16,
13-16,
13-16
13-16,
13-16,
Mercury
AVERAGE <.2^
RANGE
AVERAGE < . 2-
RANGE
AVERAGE <.2~
RANGE
AVERAGE <.2~
RANGE
AVERAGE <.2~
RANGE
Cadmium Chromium Copper
mg/1 mg/1 mg/1
•••* •••* ••«"
b/ b/ b/
<.02^ <.02~~ <.02~~
<•«& ^ <-°^
<.02^ <.0^ <.0^
b/ b/ b/
<.02~ <.02~ <.02~
Lead
mg/1
<.04
<.03-.04
<.04
<.03-.04
<.03
<.03-.03
<.04
<.03-.04
<.04
<.03-.04
Zinc
mg/1
•y
-!"
...»
<.02-
<.o^
         (RM 249.0/0.5)
a/ See Figures 2, 3, and 4.
b/ All values the same.
                                                                                                                     a

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      APPENDIX E




BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS

-------
                                                                          TABLE  E-l
                                             SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT SELECTED
                                                     STATIONS ON THE MAJOR TRIBUTARIES IN THE DENVER
                                                                     METROPOLITAN AREA
Station Description
Bear Creek upstream of Morrison,
Colorado (river mile 326.4/13.0)
Bear Creek near mouth at Federal
Blvd (river mile 326.4/0.7)
Clear Creek upstream of Golden
(river mile 311.1/18.7)
Clear Creek at Mclntyre Street
(river mile 311.1/14.1)
Clear Creek at York Street
(river mile 311.1/0.3)
Total Coliform Fecal Coliform
Dates MF Count/100 ml MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum Maximum Log Mean Minimum
8/30, 31 39,000 20,000 10,000 1,400 720 380
9/2/71
8/30, 31 14,000 9,100 4,200 460 330 250
9/2/71
8/30 5,100 2,600 1,300 370 120 39
9/2/71
8/30 240,000 120,000 56,000 13,000 5,800 2,600
9/2/71
8/30, 31 89,000 51,000 30,000 2,000 640 310
9/2/71
Fecal Streptococcus
MF Couut/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
4,000 1,200 580
880 550 390
1,100 610 340
59,000 16,000 4,600
3,800 1,800 680
Cherry Creek at mouth
 (river mile 317.7/0.1)

Sand Creek at mouth
 (river mile 312.1/0.1)
8/30, 31 (2)   120,000
  9/2/71
             33,000    7,200     3,000
                                                                                                    .780
                                                                                                             180
  8/31
160,000    >110,000  >80,000    10,000      8,800    7,800
 5,400     1,900      650
26,000    11,000    4,500
       No.  in ( )  indicates number of samples collected that date.

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                                                                          TABLE E-2
                                             SUMMARY OF  BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT SELECTED
                                                     STATIONS IN THE ST.  VRAIN CREEK,  BIG THOMPSON RIVER
                                                               AND CACHE  LA POUDRE RIVER BASIN
Station Description .
Boulder Creek upstream of
Boulder, Colorado
(river mile 270.0/17.4/27.6)
Boulder Creek downstream from
Boulder, Colorado
(river mile 270.0/17.4/19.9)
Boulder Creek downstream from
mouth of Coal Creek
. Dates
9/7, 9, 10/
71

9/7, 9, 10/
71

9/7, 9, 10/
71
Total Coliform
MF Count/ 100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
680 370


5,500 3,100


15,000 2,300

210


1,400


480

Fecal Coliform
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
32


58


820

<19 <10


18 6


150 37

Fecal
MF
Maximum
260


310


6,500

Streptococcus
Count/100 ml
Log Mean Minimum
160


170


4 ,500 3

96


90


,300

 (river mile 270.0/17.4/7.3)

Boulder'Creek near mouth
 (river.mile 270.0/17.4/1.9)

Coal Creek, inflow to Boulder Creek
 (river mile 270.0/17.4/7.9/1.0)

St. Vrain Creek upstream  of
 Longmbnt, Colorado
 (river mile 270.0/26.6)

St. Vrain Creek downstream from
 Longmont, Colorado
 (river mile 270.0/20.8)

St. Vrain Creek near mouth
 (river mile 270.0/1.3)

Little Thompson River south and west
 of Berthoud (river mile 260.4/18.9)

Little Thompson River 0.5 miles east
 of 1-25 (river mile 260.4/7.0/11.1

Little Thompson River at mouth
 (river mile 260.4/7.0/0.10)
9/7, 9, 10/      2,600
    71
              2,200    1,800     2,300
                                              790
9/7, 9, 10/     49,000      16,000    2,400     2,000      1,300
    71
9/7, 9, 10/     14,000
    71
9/7, 9, 10/     37,000
    7.1
              7,600    3,800
                                   420
                                              290
                                                       360
                                                       610
                                                       240
             19,000    5,500     4,400      1,400      510
9/7, 9, 10/
    71

9/7, 9, 10/
    71

9/7, 9, 10/
    71

9/7, 9, 10/
    71
 38,000


>80,000


 48,000


 48,000
13,000    3,600     1,600
                                              510
                                                                       54
>8,900    2,300    10,000      3,500    1,700
38,000   27,000     2,700      1,900    1,400
41,000   35,000     3,500      2,300    1,300
                                                           40,000      4,400      810
                                                           12,000     72,000   26,000
                                                            2,100
                                                                                      780      450
                                                           26,000     11,000    6,100
 7,400   .   5:,500 .   3,100
 6,100      5,200    4,600
80,000     25,000    9,600
22,000     14,000    6,100

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                                                                          TABLE E-2 (Continued)
                                             SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT  SELECTED
                                                    STATIONS IN THE ST. VRAIN CREEK, BIG THOMPSON RIVER
                                                              AND CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER BASIN
Station Description
                       Total Coliform                Fecal Coliform
    Dates              MF Count/100 ml               MF Count/100 ml
    	Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                                                             Fecal  Streptococcus
                                                               MF  Count/100 ml
                                                         Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum
Big Thompson River upstream of
 Loveland, Colorado
 (river mile 260.4/37.9)

Big Thompson River 2 miles west of
 1-25 on Colorado Hwy 402, 1/4 mile
 north on Hwy 9E (river mile 260.4/23,

Big Thompson River near mouth
 (river mile 260.4/0.9)

Cache la Poudre River upstream of
 Bellvue, Colorado
 (river mile 249.0/53.6)

Cache la Poudre River upstream of
 Ft. Collins, Colorado
 (river mile 249.0/46.8)

Cache la Poudre River downstream
 from Ft. Collins, Colorado
 (river mile 249.0/41.2)

Cache la Poudre River at Inter-
 state Hwy 25 (river mile 249.0/36.3)

Cache la Poudre River upstream of
 Windsor, Colorado (river mile
 249.0/26.5)

Cache la Poudre River downstream
 from Windsor, Colorado (river
 mile 249.0/17.9)
  9/7,  9,  10/         500
     71
  9/7,  9,  10/     120,000
      71
•5)

  9/7,  9,  10/     41,000
      71

  9/13, 14, 15/    6,400
      71
   450
            400
                       26
62,000   24,000     2,800      1,300      380
18,000    4,900     4,300      2,600    1,400
   450       50
                       10
 9/13, 14, 15/    3,200       1,500      390       310        130       70
      71
 9/13, 14, 15/   15,000      14,000   13,000       290
      71
  9/13,  14,  15/    80,000       25,000    12..000
      71
                      930
  9/13,  14,  15/    18,000        4,600     1,500     1,200
      71
  9/13,  14, 15/    9,000       3,100    1,700     1,600
      71
150       60



840      770


470      120



750      410
                                                              170
                             840
                                                              100
                                                            5,700
                                                            4,700
                                                                         140      100
                                        580      280
                           7,900      6,900    5,300
                                                                          65        30
                                                                         720      190
                                                           29,000      5,900    2,200
3,000      1,600      900
                                                            5,600      2,400    1,300
           3,800    2,900

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                                                                         TABLE E-2  (Continued)
                                            SUMMARY  OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT SELECTED
                                                    STATIONS IN THE ST. VRAIN CREEK, BIG THOMPSON RIVER
                                                              AND CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER BASIN
Station Description
                      Total Coliform                Fecal Coliform
   Dates              MF Count/100 ml               MF Count/100 ml
  	Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                                                            Fecal Streptococcus
                                                               MF Count/100 ml
                                                         Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
Cache la Poudre River near Spanish
 Colony, Colorado (river mile
 249.0/9.4)

Cache la Poudre River, at 6th
 Avenue, Greeley, Colorado
 (river mile- 249,0/6 ..3)

Cache la Poudre River downstream
 from Greeley,. Colorado
 (river mile 249..0/5.2)

Cache la Poudre River near mouth
 (river mile 249.0/0..50.)
9/13, 14, 15/   11,000
    71
9,600    8,000
890
           640
                    520
9/13, 14, 15/   37,000      20,000    9,000     7,300      3,200      650
    71
9/13, 14, 15/  >80,000     >38,000    9,000     5,400      2,500      780
    71
9/13, 14, 15/   52,000      27,000   12,000     3,300      2,100    1,400
    71
                                      3,400      1,100      440
                                                          57,000     16,000    1,500
                                                          32,000     20,000   12,000
                                                     •      7,200      2,600    1,000

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                                                                     TABLE  E-3
                                             SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT SELECTED
                                                          STATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Station Description
                      Total Coliform                Fecal Coliform
   Dates              MF Count/100 ml               MF Count/100 ml
   	Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                                                                           Fecal Streptococcus
                                                                              MF Count/100 ml
                                                                        Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
South Platte River at Waterton,
 Colorado (river mile 339.2)

South Platte'River at Bowles
 Avenue, Littleton, Colorado
 (river mile 329.8)

South Platte River at 19th Street
 Bridge, Denver, Colorado
 (river mile 317.3)

South Platte River at York
 Street, Denver, Colorado
 (river mile 313.4)

South Platte River at Henderson,
 Colorado (river mile 301.7)
8/30, 31, 9/2/     890         580      460        45        <20      <10
    71

8/30, 31, 9/2/  90,000      12,000    3,100       480        280      140
    71
8/30, 9/2 (2)   120,000
    71
              73,000   52,000     1,900
900
         580
8/30, 31, 9/2/ 150,000    >100,000  >80,000   >60,000    >13,000    4,600
    71
8/31, 9/2 (2) >800,000    >320,000  140,000    73,000      7,900    1,700
    71
                                                                            360
                                                                            580
                                                                                       280       210
                                                                                      470       350
                           1,800      1,300      920
                                                                         23,000      6,200    1,200
                                                                        42,000      2,300      400
South Platte River at Fort
 Lupton, Colorado (river
 mile 288.2)

South Platte River at Platte-
 ville, Colorado (river
 mile 276.7)

South Platte River upstream of
 mouth of St. Vrain Creek
 (river mile 270.1)

South Platte River downstream
 from mouth of St. Vrain
 Creek (river mile 264.7)
8/31, 9/2(2) 1,200,000    >540,000 >160,000    37,000     13,000    7,500
    71
8/31. 9/2(2)  >800,000    >460,000   300,000   10,000      4,700    1,600
    71
9/7,9,10
    71
9/7,9,10
    71
 200,000    >130,000   73,000    32,000     11,000    2,700
>800,000    >100,000    5,000    >6,000     >1,800      230
                                                                                                                               8,300      5,600     3,700
                                                                          5,400      3,600     2,700
                          18,000     14,000   11,000
                          10,000      4,700    2,400

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                                                                       TABLE E-3 (Continued)
                                               SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES  FOR STREAM SURVEYS AT SELECTED
                                                            STATIONS .IN THE  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Station- Description
                      Total Coliform                Fecal Colifom
   Dates              MF Count/100 ml               MF Count/100 ml
  	Ma»1min    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                              Fecal Streptococcus
                                 MF Count/100 ml
                           Maximum  . Log Mean  Minimum
South Platte.River downstream          9/7,9 (2)
 from mouth of Big Thompson                71
 River (river mile 256.1)                   ,    .
South Platte River upstream of
 mouth of Cache la Poudre River
 (river mile 252.5)

South Platte River downstream
 from mouth of Cache la Poudre
 River (river mile 250.6)
South Platte;River at Kersey,          9/13,14,15
 Colorado (river mile 246.5)               71
               >80,000     >34,000   21,000    20,000
2,400
           480
9/13,14,15      25,000      18,000   15,000       900        450      220
    71.
9/13,14,15      22,000      18,000   16,000     1,000     .   620      250
    71  .,            .                                      • "    . .
                90,000      33,000   13,000     8,200      2,000      840
7,500      2,900    1,200
                             3,400      2,400    1,300
                             2,800      1,800    1,500
                            11,000      2,700      880
     No.  in (  )  indicates  number of samples  collected' that  date.

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                                                                          TABLE E-1*
                                         SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON ST.  VRAIN  CREEK
                                                                     December &-10, '971
Station Description
                     Total  Coliform                Fecal  Coliform
 Map Key             MF Count/100 ml                MF  Count/100  ml
	Maximum	Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log  Mean   Minimum
   Feca! Streptococcus
     MF Count/100 ml
Maximum  Log Mean  Minimum
St. Vrain Creek upstream from Great        33          2,100       1,200      570       270        190       8*t
 Western at Longmont (river mile 270/22.5).

St. Vrain Creek downstream from Great      35        7*10,000      1)0,000      9^0    96,000      1,300       10
 Western at Longmont (river mile 270/20.6).
                                                                                           2,300
              930
                                                                                          81,000     12,000
560
                       810

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                                                                          TABLE E-5
                               SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE  BIG AND  LITTLE  THOMPSON RIVERS
                                                                     December 6-10,  1971
Station Description
                     Total  Coliform                Fecal Coliform
 Map Key             MF Count/100 ml                MF Count/100 ml
	Maximum	Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
   Fecal Streptococci
     MF Count/100 ml
Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
Big Thompson River upstream from           '(S
 Great Western at Loveland
 (river mile 260.it/23:. 5) .

Big Thompson River downstream from         ^9
 Great Western at Loveland
 (ri'ver mile. 260.V21 ..0)'.

Little Thompson' River upstream from        55
 Great Western at Johnstown
 (river mile 260.4/7.0/it.O) .

Little Thompson River' downstream from      56
 Great Western at Johnstown
 (river mile 260'.4/7.0/1 .1 5) ..
                            1,000      290       200         13
               39,000      17,000    6,100        88         25
               15,000       3,000      700       800        360       160
              500,000     210,000   88,000    19,000      6,900     1,500
    1*30
180       90
 51,000      9,100    3,000
  2,200      1,300      660
 86,000     60,000   1(2,000

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                                                                          TABLE E-6
                                    SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE CACHE LA POUORE RIVER
                                                                December 6-7 and 13-15, 1971
Station Description
Cache la Poudre River upstream
of Eaton Draw (river mile 249/7.0).
Eaton Draw upstream of Sugar
factory (river mile 21*9/6.9/7.2).
Eaton Draw downstream from
Map Key
68
71
70
Total Coliform Fecal Coliform
MF Count/100 ml MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum Maximum Log Mean .Minimum
3,800 1,800 1,100 690
>6,000
8,900
150
>920
1,700
50
180
780
Fecal Streptococci
MF Count/ 100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
2,600
98,000
130,000
1,500 600
16,000 4,200
47,000 16,000
 Eaton Waste Water Treatment
 Plant (river mile 21(9/6.9/6.5).

Eaton Draw at the Mouth                    69
 (river mile 21*9/6.9/0.10).

Cache la Poudre River upstream             72
 at 6th. Avenue (river mile 21*9/6.3).

Cache la Poudre River just downstream      73
 from Greeley Waste Water Treatment
 Plant, upstream of Great Western
 (river mi le 21(9/2.9).

Cache la Poudre River just upstream
 of Mouth (river mile 249/0.5).             75
    3,700
1 ,900
                           660
                                     720
650
                                500     .360
                                                220
                                                         120
1,1(00,000      30,000    4,900   150,000      3,400      200
1,500,000     180,000   50,000   100,000     19,000    4,800
                                         18,000
3,900
           6,800    2,900
1,900    1,100
                                                           1,500,000     19,000    2,600
                                                           1,400,000    420,000 >100,000

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                                                     TABLE  E-7
                              SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS
                                              ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
                                                November 17-21 ,  1971
                                                                                                           PI
                                                                                                           I—1
                                                                                                           o
Map
Keyg/
                     Total  Coli form
                      Count/100  ml
                           Fecal  Coli form
                            Count/100 ml
Stat ion
Range
Log Mean	Range	Log Mean
                                                  Fecal Streptococci
                                                    Count/100 ml
Range
Log Mean
 1.2 ..South Platte River
   •   at -19th St.'bridge. 3,800->90,000   >11,000

 13   South Platte River
      at Denver Northside
      plant.            : 3,000-440,000    15,000

 1-4  '.South Platte River
      at York Streetb/    5,000-270,000    21,000
                                          170-4,000      490
                                          310-2,600      620
                                           61-10,000     790
 15   Burl ington Ditch
 ..;  ,at Ybr.k Street^/ '   3,200-210,000
                                 16,000   410-6,500      850
 17   South Platte River
   '   at J-270 Bridge: '   7,000-6,200,000 340,000

 2k   South Platte River
      at Colorado 22k.    7,100-5,400,000200,000
                                           70-70,000  >7,000
                                          160->60,000 >3,300
 •1:9   Clear Creek at
      York Street.

M-9   Denver Metro
      effluent.£/
                  600-190,000     7,100   <10-5,300     <190
                9,200-14,000,000
                       230-^30,000
 f/See Figure 2 for location.
 —'Isolated salmonella at this station.
 £/Data from in-plant survey August 1-9, 1971.
                                                            160-27,000       1,600
                                                            330-39,000      2,100
                                                            360-87,000      3,800
                                                            570-77,000      3,500
                                                            150-160,000     14,000
                                                            980-98,000      8,200
                                                            220-190,000      1,800

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                                                                          TABLE E-8
                   SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER FROM BRIGHTON DOWNSTREAM TO KERSEY
                                                                     December 6-15, 1971
Station Description
                     Total  Coliform                Fecal  Coliform
 Map Key             MF Count/100 ml                MF Count/100 ml
	Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                                                                              Fecal  Streptococci
                                                                                MF Count/100 ml
                                                                           Maximum   Log Mean Minimum
South Platte River at Colorado 7
 West of Brighton (river mile
 296.10).

South Platte River downstream from
 Brighton Waste Water Treatment
 Plant (river mile 295.7).

South Platte River downstream from
 Great Western at Brighton
 (river mile 294.4).

South Platte River upstream of the
 Mouth of Cache la Poudre River
 (river mile 250.6).

South Platte River at Kersey
 (river mile 246.5)•
    26      2,000,000    >760,000  >80,000    64,000     31,000   15,000
    27      2,100,000    >910,000  >80,000    6*1,000     31,000    15,000
    28      3,000,000  >1,100,000  >80,000   140,000     77,000    40,000
    59
960,000    >140,000   48,000    36,000      4,300      890
    76      1,000,000    >160,000   59,000    72,000     15,000     4,400
                                                                            57,000     22,000    9,300
                                                                            57,000     22,000    7,500
                                                                            73,000     51,000   25,000
33,000     11,000    4,800
                                                                           520,000      95,000    12,000

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                                                                          TABLE E-9
          SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER FROM UPSTREAM OF FT. MORGAN TO I-80 BRIDGE  IN NEBRASKA
                                                                November 29 - December 3, 1971
Station Description
                     Total  Coliform                Fecal  Coliform
 Map Key             MF Count/100 ml                MF Count/100 ml
	Maximum    Log Mean  Minimum   Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
                                                                Fecal Streptococci
                                                                  MF Count/100 ml
                                                             Maximum   Log Mean  Minimum
South Platte River upstream of             78
 Great Western Discharge at Fort
 Morgan (river mile 197.00).

South Platte River downstream from         80
 Great Western Discharge at Fort
 Morgan (river mile 195-50).

South Platte River upstream of             82
•Sterling (river mile 151.6).

South Platte River downstream.from         83
 Great Western Discharges at
 Sterling (river'mile 150.0).

South Platte River upstream of Ovid        81)
 at Colorado 23 Bridge (river mile 95-1)).

Liddle Ditch downstream from Lodgepole     85
 Creek at Overflow Structure
 (river mile 95.1).

South Platte River downstream from         86
 Ovid (river mile 9*1.0).

South Platte River at Julesburg            87
 (river mile 87.0)

South Platte River at 1-80                 88
 (river mile 81 . 1) .
                1,200
                6,900
                  6*10
  500
3'tO
1),800    3,000
                              150
            30
            1,500,000    >350,000   92,000
               51,000
1,900
190
 172
          160
                      1(1)
                     150
.21)0
53
             56
                                                            <22
                      63
                                                            11(0
                                                                      20
                               20
                      36
         70
               39,000      20,000    2,700     MOO
                                980      760
            2,500,000  >1,1)00,000  580,000   910,000    290,000  160,000
            1,800,000     790,000  1)00,000   210,000     93,000   1(5,000
            1,600,000     610,000  370,000 1,000,000    120,000   1(0,000
1,700
                              1 ,800
                                                       190
950      670
             980
         670
                                                        150      130
                            360,000    >31,000      780
6,000      2,100      920
                                                    5,900      l(,900    3,900
                                                           6,1)00,000   >680,000   110,000
                                                            >800,000   > 150', 000    15,000
                                                            >800,000   >150,000   36,000

-------
  APPENDIX F




AQUATIC GROWTHS

-------
                            TABLE F-l
AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM GLASS-SLIDE SUBSTRATES, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER
         TEN DAYS EXPOSURE, RECOVERED IN SEPTEMBER, 1971
Station
(River Mile)
53.6
41.2
36.3
26.5

17.9

9.4



0.5



Chlorophyll A
(VB/in2)
-0-
39
9
14

27

24



33



Total Algae
(cells/in2)
13,597,040
17,551,908
2,268,760
11,852,040

49,018,213

14,548,183



95,731.918



Pinnate
(Type)
Navicula
Navicula
Navicula
Navicula
Nitzchia
Navicula
Nitzchia
Navicula
Nitzchia


Navicula
•itzchla


Diatoms
(cells/in2)
195,440
2,462,544
889,252
1,591,440

3,638,906

2,635,648



4.414,152



Greet
(Type)
Nannochloris
Nannochloris
Nannochloris
Nannochloris
Crucigenia
Nannochloris
Protococcus
Nannochloris
Scenedeemus
Protococcus
Euglena
Nannochloris
Protococcus
Euglana
Unknown
i Coccoid 7
(cells/in )
13,401,600
15,076,800
1,379,508
10,260,600

45,379.307

11,912,535



91.317,766



Filamentous B
^Tvpe)
-
Oscillatoria
-
-

-

_



-



lue Green
(cells/in2)
-
12,564
-
-

-

_



-



Slimes
(Type) (filaments/in2!
-
Sphaerotilus
' "-
_

Sphaerotilus

_



Sphaerotilus



-
25,128
-
-

171,242

_



775,361




-------
F-2
                                  TABLE F-2
                AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM GLASS-SLIDE SUBSTRATES
                    SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLORADO
                14-Day Exposure Recovered in November, 1971
Station
Location (River Mile)
St. Vrain
Longmont
Longmont
Little Thompson
Johnstown
Johnstown
Big Thompson
Loveland
Loveland
Cache la Poudre River
Greeley
Greeley
Greeley
Platte River
Brighton
Brighton
Brighton
Ft. Morgan
Ft. Morgan

22.5
20.6

4.0
1.15

25.6
21.0

7.0
6.3
2.9

296.1
295.7
294.4
196.6
195.4
Sphaerotilus Algae
(filaments/in2) (cells/in2)

* *
4,048,400 1,256,400

* *
7,147,520 69,800

* *
* 7,398,800

218,125 3,839,000
4,900 977,200
355,040,000 13,960,000

152,560 146,580
678,000 544,440
1,221,500 3,664,500
34,900 104,700
1,647,280 474,640

-------
                                                                      F-3
                           TABLE F-2;cont.
            AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM GLASS-SLIDE SUBSTRATES
                SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLORADO
            14-Day Exposure Recovered in November, 1971
Location
  Station
(River Mile)
                                       Sphaerotilus,
                      Algae
(filaments/in^)     (cells/in )
Platte River cont.

  Sterling              151.6

  Sterling              150.0

  Ovid                   95.4

  Ovid                   94.0

  Julesburg              87.0

  Nebraska               81.1
                      22,685

                   2,326,667

                       9,307

                     314,100

                     100,512

                      41,800
                         102,112

                       2,792,000

                          39,553

                         889,950

                         122,848

                         446,720

-------
APPENDIX




  BENTHOS

-------
                                                                        G-l
                              TABLE G-l
           BENTHOS, BEAR CREEK, COLORADO, AUGUST 30, 1971
                      (Numbers per square foot)
ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)

AQUATIC EARTHWORMS  (OLIGOCHAETA)

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)

SOWBUGS (ISOPODA)

    Asellus

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

    Pseudocloeon

    Tricorythodes

    Baetis

    Stenonema

DRAGONFLIES (GOMPHIDAE)

STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

    Isogenus

    Isoperk

    Acroneuria

    Pteronarcella

WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES (HYDROPHILIDAE)

ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

    Stenelmis

CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

    Hydropsyche

    Cheumatopsyche
                                               Station  (River Miles)
                                             13.0
          5.9
102



338

 17
            1

            2

            8
 34

  4

384

137
           0.7

            Q

            29

            Q
Q
12
129
7

Q
558
1

6
12

Q

 1

11



38

 6

-------
G-2
                               TABLE G-l cont.
              BENTHOS, BEAR CREEK, COLORADO, AUGUST 30, 1971
                          (Numbers per square foot)

                                                  Station  (River Miles
                                                13.0       5.9       0.7

   CADDISFLIES  (TRICHOPTERA) cont.

       Brachycentrus                               6        Q

       Macronemum                                 Q

       Rhyacophila                                 3

       Agraylea                                   Q         Q

   BLACK FLIES  (SIMULIBDAE)                       11        41

   CRANE FLIES  (TIPULIDAE)                         1        Q

   HORSEFLIES (TABANIDAE)                         Q          7          1

   SNIPE FLIES  (RHAGIONIDAE)

       Atherix                                    19         Q          1

   MIDGES  (ORTHOCLADIINAE)                        15       445        446

   POUCH SNAILS  (PHYSIDAE)

       Physa                                                Q          Q

   ROUNDWORMS (PARASITENGENOA)                  	      	1       	

       Number of kinds                            19        21         16

       Numbers per square foot                   670     1,634        557

       Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned

           a value of 1 for computing.

-------
                                                                        G-3
                              TABLE  G-2
           BENTHOS, CLEAR CREEK, COLORADO, AUGUST 30, 1971
                       (Numbers per square foot)

                                               Station  (River Miles)
                                             18.7       10.4        0.3

ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)                                                 1

SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFICIDAE)                      Q        477         11

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)                                                 Q

WATER FLEAS (CLADOCERA)                                              1

SOWBUGS (ISOPODA)                                                   Q

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)                                                   Q

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

    Pseudocloeon                                         Q          Q

    Tricorythodes                                        Q

    Baetis                                     59        34         21

WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                                            1

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                            1

CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

    Hydropsyche                                13         1

    Cheumatopsyche                             21

    Ochrotrichia                                1

FLIES (DIPTERA)                                 2

BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)                                 Q          20

SOLDIER FLIES (STRATIOMYIIDAE)                            1

SNIPE FLIES (RHAGIONIDAE)

    Atherix                                     9

-------
G-4
                                 TABLE  G-2 cont.
              BENTHOS,  CLEAR CREEK,  COLORADO, AUGUST  30,  1971
                          (Numbers per  square foot)

                                                  Station (River Miles)
                                                18.7       10.4        0.3

   BLOODWORMS  (CHIRONOMIDAE)                       5                   11

   MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE)                                   19         36

   POUCH SNAILS  (PHYSIDAE)

       Physa                                                 Q          20

       Lymnaea                                  	       	         Q


       Number  of  kinds                             9         9         14

       Numbers per  square foot                   112       536        127

       Q =  Organisms  collected  qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned

           a value  of 1  for  computing.

-------
                                                                        G-5
                              TABLE  G-3
           BENTHOS, BOULDER CREEK, COLORADO,SEPTEMBER 7, 1971
                       (Numbers per square foot)

                                           Station  (River Miles)
FLATWORM  (TURBELLARIA)

ROUNDWORMS  (NEMATA)

SLUDGEWORMS  (TUBIFICIDAE)

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)

SOWBUGS (ISOPODA)

SCUDS  (AMPHIPODA)

MAYFLIES  (EPHEMEROPTERA)

    Ephemerella

    Pseudocloeon

    Tricorythodes

    Baetis

    Choroterpes

    Heptagenia

    Cloeon

DAMSELFLIES  (COENAGRIONIDAE)

DRAGONFLIES  (GOMPHIDAE)

STONEFLIES  (PLECOPTERA)

    Isogenus

    Acroneuria

    Pteronarcella

    Neophasganophora capitata

WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)

BROAD-SHOULDERED WATER STRIDERS
 (VELIIDAE)
27.6 20.8 19.9 14.2
2
Q 86 103
4
1
Q Q
22
156
Q 2 7 11
43 25
7
7.3
2
4
11
5
Q
3
55
17
22
1.9
184
2
33
8
167
109
57
 3

 3

10

Q

-------
G-6
                                TABLE  G-3 cont.
              BENTHOS,  BOULDER CREEK, COLORADO,  SEPTEMBER 7, 1971
                         (Numbers per square foot)

                                      	Station  (River Miles)
                                     27.6    20.8   19.9    14.2    7.3   1.9

  WATER  STRIDERS  (GERRIDAE)

      Gerris                                                            Q

  BEETLES  (COLEOPTERA)                        1                         1

  ELMID  BEETLES  (ELMIDAE)

      Stenelmis                       15                    2

  WATER  SCAVENGER BEETLES  .
    (HYDROPHILIDAE)                                  Q              1

  CADDISFLIES  (TRICHOPTERA)

      Hydropsyche                    498                   29

      Cheumatopsyche                                                    14

      Brachycentrus                    1

      Rhyacophila                      1

      Lepidostoma                      3

  MICROCADDISFLIES  (HYDROPTILIDAE)                                      10

      Agraylea                                       2             8

  BLACK  FLIES  (SIMULIIDAE)            21             2    145    213     5

  BITING MIDGES  (CERATOPOGONIDAE)            99

  SOLDIER FLIES  (STRATIOMYIIDAE)                                        1

  SNIPE  FLIES  (RHAGIONIDAE)

      Atherix                          6

  MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE)              2     91    181     72    130  1,000

  MIDGES (TANYPODINAE)                              Q            Q     14

-------
                                                                         G-7
                               TABLE G-3  cont.
            BENTHOS, BOULDER CREEK, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER  7, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                   	Station  (River Miles)
                                   27.6   20.8   19.9   14.2    7.3    1.9

SNAILS AND LIMPETS  (GASTROPODA)

     Ferrissia                                              1

     Physa                                         Q       Q     89     17

     Gyraulus                                        1                   1

CLAMS (PELECYPODA)                                                      2

ROUNDWORMS (PARASITENGONA)            1

     Number of kinds                 IT      5   ~TT      T6~     IF     I9~

     Numbers per square foot        688    194    284    561    563 1,571

     Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned  a value

         of 1 for computing.

-------
G-8
                                 TABLE  G-4
          BENTHOS, ST. VRAIN CREEK, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 9/1971
                         (Numbers per square foot)

                                                  Station (River Miles)
                                                26.6      14.6        1.3

  FLATWORM (TURBELLARIA)                          Q

  ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)                             Q          2          2

  SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFICIDAE)                       16        34         35

  MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

       Tricorythodes                              36         6          2

       Baetis                                    436         1         15

       Choroterpes                                Q

       Heptagenia                                  2         2         Q

       Cloeon                                     Q

  DAMSELFLIES (COENAGRIONIDAE)                              Q          Q

  DAMSELFLIES (LESTIDAE)

       Lestes                                                1

  DRAGONFLIES (GOMPHIDAE)                                    1         Q

  STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

       Isogenus                                   Q

       Acroneuria                                  2

       Pteronarcella                               2                    1

  WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                                 Q

  BROAD-SHOULDERED WATER STRIDERS(VELIIDAE)       Q

  ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

       Stenelmis                                  10

  WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES (HYDROPHILIDAE)         Q                    Q

-------
                                                                         G-9
                               TABLE G-4  cont.
        BENTHOS, ST. VRA1N CREEK, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 9, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                                Station  (River Miles)
                                              26.6      14.6        1.3

CADDISFLIES  (TRICHOPTERA)

     Hydropsyche                               798         1         15

     Cheumatopsyche                             88                    5

     Helicopsyche                                8

     Brachycentrus                               2

     Macronemum                                 Q

     Glossosoma                                  6                   Q

     Agraylea                                             Q

AQUATIC CATERPILLARS (LEPIDOPTERA)

     Elophlla                                    2

BLACK FLIES  (SIMULIIDAE)                                   3          9

CRANE FLIES  (TIPULIDAE)                         Q

HORSEFLIES (TABANIDAE)                           2                    5

SNIPE FLIES  (RHAGIONIDAE)

     Atherix                                     2

MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE)                        438       339         86

MIDGES (TANYPODINAE)                            14         4          2

SNAILS AND LIMPETS (GASTROPODA)

     Physa                                       8        12         Q

     Gyraulus                                   26

-------
G-10
                                   TABLE  G-4 Cont.
            BENTHOS,  ST. VRAIN  CREEK,  COLORADO,  SEPTEMBER 9,  1971
                           (Numbers per square foot)
                                                    Station  (River Miles)
                                                  26.6       14.6         1.3
         ROUNDWORMS  (PARASITENGONA)
        Number  of kinds                             29         15          17

        Numbers per  square  foot                  1,909        409         183

        Q  - Organisms  collected  qualitatively  only; arbitrarily  assigned

            a value  of 1  for  computing.

-------
                                                                          G-ll
                                TABLE G-5
         BENTHOS, ST. VRAIN CREEK, COLORADO, NOVEMBER 29, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                                 Station (River Miles)
                                                  22.5           20.6

AQUATIC EARTHWORMS (OLIGOCHAETA)                                    3

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

     Pseudocloeon                                   60

     Tricorythodes                                 146             Q

     Baetls                                          1

DAMSELFLIES (COENAGRIONIDAE)                         2

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                                 2

WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES (HYDROPHILIDAE)             Q               1

CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

     Cheumatopsyche                                  4

     Agraylea                                        2

BLACK FLIES (STMULIIDAE)

     Simulium                                        1

BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)                                    23

CRANE FLIES (TIPULIDAE)                              2

BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)                          103              4

SNAILS AND LIMPETS (GASTROPODA)

     Physa                                          Q               1
     Number of kinds                                12              6

     Numbers per square foot                       325             33

     Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a

         value of 1 for computing.

-------
G-12
                                 TABLE
        BENTHOS,  LITTLE THOMPSON RIVER,  COLORADO,  SEPTEMBER 8,  1971
                         (Numbers per  square foot)

                                                  Station  (River Miles)
                                                   11.1            0.1

  SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFICIDAE)                            6            204

  SCUDS  (AMPHIPODA)                                                  Q

  MAYFLIES  (EPHEMEROPTERA)

      Baetis                                                        1

      Heptagenia                                     1

  DRAGONFLIES (ANISOPTERA)

      Ophiogomphus                                   86

      Hetaerina                                      Q

  WATER  SCAVENGER BEETLES  (HYDROPHILIDAE)             Q              Q

  CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

      Hydropsyche                                    2

      Agraylea                                       13

  BLACK  FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)                           108              89

  BITING MIDGES  (CERATOPOGONIDAE)                                   Q

  HORSEFLIES  (TABANIDAE)                                             Q

  MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE)                                          131

  MIDGES (TANYPODINAE)                                10               2

  SNAILS AND  LIMPETS  (GASTROPODA)

      Physa                                           2              Q

      Lymnaea                                    	            	1

      Number of  kinds                                11              11

      Numbers per square foot                       231            433

      Q = Organisms  collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily  assigned

          a  value of 1 for computing.

-------
                                                                          G-13
                                TABLE G-7
     BENTHOS, LITTLE THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO, NOVEMBER 29, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                                 Station  (River Miles)
                                                   4.0           1.15

AQUATIC EARTHWORMS (OLIGOCHAETA)                                   Q

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

     Gammarus                .                        1

DAMSELFLIES  (COENAGRIONIDAE)                        Q

STONEFLIES (AGRIONIDAE)                             Q

DAMSELFLIES  (NEMOURIDAE)

     Perlomyia                                      Q

ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

     Stenelmis                                                      1

BLACK FLIES  (SIMULIIDAE)

     Simulium                                        2

BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)                            4              2

CRANE FLIES  (TIPULIDAE)                             Q

SNAILS AND LIMPETS (GASTROPODA)

     Physa                                          Q               1

CLAMS (PELECYPODA)                                	           	1

     Number of kinds                                 8              5

     Numbers per square foot                        12              6

     Q = Organisms collected qualitatively; arbitrarily assigned a value

         of 1 for computing.

-------
G-14
                                 TABLE G-8
         BENTHOS,  BIG THOMPSON RIVER,  COLORADO,  SEPTEMBER 8,  1971
                         (Numbers per  square foot)

                                                 Station (River Miles)
                                            37.9    23.5    16.5    8.2    0.9

  HYDROIDS (COELENTERATA)                      Q

  ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)                                               1

  SLUDGEWORMS  (TUBIFICIDAE)                    Q      52      50     33    102

  LEECHES  (HIRUDINEA)                                  1      Q

  SOWBUGS  (ISOPODA)                                   Q

  SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

       Hyalella azteca                                 1      Q      4     Q

  CRAYFISH (CAMBARINAE)                               Q            Q

  MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

       Ephemerella                            Q      Q

       Pseudocloeon                            15     139     270     32      4

       Tricorythodes                           Q       8     542      7     Q

       Baetis                                  15      13      18     Q     Q

       Heptagenia                              3             Q     Q     Q

       Paraleptophlebia                        Q

  DAMSELFLIES  (COENAGRIONIDAE)                               Q     Q     Q

  DRAGONFLIES  (ANISOPTERA)

       Ophiogomphus                             1

  DRAGONFLIES  (AESCHNIDAE)                            Q

  STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

       Isoperla                                1

       Acroneuria                              4

       Pteronarcella                            1

-------
                                                                         G-15
                               TABLE G-8  Cont.
       BENTHOS, BIG THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 8, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                          	Station (River Miles)
                                          37.9   23.5   16.5   8.2   0.9

WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                          Q      Q

WATER STRIDERS (GERRIDAE)                                 Q

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                         2

ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

     Stenelmis                               2     Q

PREDACEOUS DIVING BEETLES (DYTISCIDAE)

     Hydrocanthus                                         Q

CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

     Hydropsyche                            32     25      2

     Cheumatopsyche                          1      1     14

     Brachycentrus                           6

     Macronemum                                    Q            Q

     Glossosoma                              1

MICROCADDISFLIES (HYDROPTILIDAE)                          18

     Agraylea                                       4

BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)                    35      5     24   203   278

BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)                                       Q

CRANE FLIES (TIPULIDAE)                     Q

HORSEFLIES (TABANIDAE)                             Q

SNIPE FLIES (RHAGIONIDAE)

     Atherix                                       Q

-------
G-16
                                TABLE  G-8 cont.
         BENTHOS,  BIG THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO,  SEPTEMBER  7,  1971
                         (Numbers per square  foot)

                                                 Station  (River Miles)
                                           37.9   23.5   16.5    8.2    0.9

 MIDGES  (ORTHOCLADIINAE)                     34    270    462    106    418

 MIDGES  (TANYPODINAE)                               Q       41

 SNAILS AND LIMPETS  (GASTROPODA)

      Physa                                         Q      Q      Q

 CLAMS (PELECYPODA)                        	1   	   	    	    	

      Number of kinds                        22     22     18     14    10

      Numbers per square foot               160    530  1,412    393    808

      Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a

          value of 1 for computing.

-------
                                                                         G-17
                                TABLE G-9
        BENTHOS, BIG THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO, NOVEMBER 29, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                                 Station  (River Miles)
                                                  25.6           23.5

AQUATIC EARTHWORMS (OLIGOCHAETA)                     5            504

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

     Gammarus                                       Q               2

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

     Pseudocloeon                                    1

     Stenonema                                      Q

STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

     Isoperla                                        2

     Perlomyia                                      Q

WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                           Q

AQUATIC CATERPILLARS (LEPIDOPTERA)

     Elophila                                        1

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                                 8

ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

     Stenelmis                                       7

CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

     Agraylea                                        5

     Hydropsyche                                    93            244

     Cheumatopsyche                                  8

     Brachycentrus                                   1              2

     Pychopsyche                                     Q

-------
G-18
                                 TABLE  G-9 cont.
         BENTHOS,  BIG THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO NOVEMBER 29,  1971
                         (Numbers per square  foot)

                                                  Station  (River Miles)
                                                   25.6           23.5

 BLOODWORMS  (CHIRONOMIDAE)                            68             36

 BLACK FLIES  (SIMULIIDAE)

      Simulium                                         1

 BITING MIDGES  (CERATOPOGONIDAE)                                     10

 HORSEFLIES  (TABANIDAE)                               Q

 CRANE FLIES  (TIPULIDAE)                               7

 SNIPE FLIES  (RHAGIONIDAE)

      Atherix                                         8

 CRANEFLIES  (LIMONIINAE)

      Antocha                                         6

 SNAILS AND LIMPETS  (GASTROPODA)

      Physa                                           Q              Q

      Number  of kinds                                 22             7

      Numbers per  square foot                       228            799

      Q = Organisms  collected qualitatively;  arbitrarily assigned  a value

         of  1 for computing.

-------
                                                                          G-19
                                TABLE G-10
     BENTHOS, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 13, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                  	Station (River Miles)
                                53.6   41.2   36.3   26.5  17.9   9.4   0.5

FLATWORM (TURBELLARIA)            Q                    Q           Q

ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)                       6            24

SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFICIDAE)                64     16     24   492    21 22,810

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)                      Q       4      2

SOWBUGS (ISOPODA)                 Q             Q      Q      4    Q      10

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)                               Q      Q     Q     Q

CRAYFISH (DECAPODA)

     Orconectes                                               1

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)
Pseudocloeon
Tricorythodes
Baetis
Heptagenia
Rithrogenia
Cloeon
Paraleptophlebia
5
9
25
6
46
132
Q
Q
4 34
118 126
Q 2
Q Q
Q
6
10
2
DAMSELFLIES (COENAGRIONIDAE)

DRAGONFLIES (GOMPHIDAE)

-------
G-20
                                 TABLE G~10  cont.
      BENTHOS, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 13, 1971
                         (Numbers per square foot)

                                       	Station (River Miles)
                                 53.6   41.2   36.3   26.5  17.9   9.4   0.5

 STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

      Isogenus                      3

      Pteronarcys                   5

      Alloperla                     2

 WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                       Q            Q     Q

 BROAD-SHOULDERED WATER
  STRIDERS (VELIIDAE)                                   Q

 BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                      2

 ELMID BEETLES (ELMIDAE)

      Stenelmis                     8     Q

 PREDACEOUS DIVING BEETLES
  (DYTISCIDAE)                                                      Q

 CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

      Hydropsyche                  81             6    116           2

      Cheumatopsyche                3      4           224

      Brachycentrus               193            10      2

      Macronemum                                 56

      Glossosoma                   24

      Lepidostoma                   1

      Agraylea                                           6     6

 BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)            3           108  5,918   112    15

 BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)           Q

-------
                                                                          G-21
                                TABLE G-10  cont.
     BENTHOS, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 13, 1971
                        (Numbers per square foot)

                                	Station  (River Miles)
                                53.6   41.2   36.3   26.5  17.9   9.4   0.5

SNIPE FLIES (RHAGIONIDAE)

     Atherix                       2     Q

HORSEFLIES (TABANIDAE)                                       Q

BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)                    1,054

MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE)           11    958           228   546   786   460

MIDGES (TANYPODINAE)                                   12

SNAILS AND LIMPETS (GASTROPODA)

     Ferrissia                           Q      18           14

     Physa                      	   	  	2   	Q_  	34_    Q     Q

     Number of kinds              19     15     17     19    16    13     4

     Numbers per square foot     394  1,220  1,420  6,7241,232   83323,281

     Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a

         value of 1 for computing.

-------
G-22
                                 TABLE G-ll
      BENTHOS,  CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER,  COLORADO,  NOVEMBER 30,  1971
                         (Numbers per  square  foot)

                                                  Station (River Miles)
                                                7.0        6.3         2.9

 AQUATIC EARTHWORMS (OLIGOCHAETA)               318        148         531

 WATER FLEAS (CLADOCERA)                                                2

 MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

      Pseudocloeon                                                      1

 WATER BOATMEN  (CORIXIDAE)                         1

 CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

      Agraylea                                              Q

 BLOODWORMS  (CHIRONOMIDAE)                       182         4         16

 BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)

      Simulium                                    50         5           4

 SNAILS AND  LIMPETS (GASTROPODA)

      Physa                                       28         2
     Number  of  kinds                              55            5

     Numbers per  square  foot                    579        160          554

     Q = Organisms collected  qualitatively; arbitrarily assigned a value

         of  1 for computing.

-------
                           TABLE  G-12
BENTHOS, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER  ATO SELECTED TRIBUTARIES, COLORADO
               (Numbers per square foot)
      Collected in August, September and October, 1971

                          Station (River Miles)
339.2 336.5 334.9 332.3 329.8 323.2 317.8 317.7/0.1 317.3 313.4 312.1/0.1 308.8 301.7 296.1 288.2 276 7
FLATWORM(TURBELLARIA) Q Q Q
ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA) Q 4 1
AQUATIC EARTHWORMS
(OLIGOCHAETA) 6 2 8 8 70 43 151 96 1,060 678 1,316 2,228 3,180 232
LEECHES (HIRUDINEA) Q Q Q Q Q Q
SCUDS (AMPHIPODA) Q q
SPRINGTAILS
(SMINTHURIDAE) Q
MAYFLIES
(EPHEMEROPTERA)
Ephemeral la 0
Pseudocloeon 43 Q Q 1
Tricorythodes 1 3 101 0151 11 q q q i
Cinygmula 3
Baetis 7971112 14 31
Caenis 2
Heptagenia 6101 q q
Rithrogenia Q
Iron 2
Ironodes 1
Stenonema 2 2
Cloeon q
264.7 252.5 246.5
2 10 23
Q
10
Q Q
Q
o
i
ho
u>

-------
                                                                          TABLE G-12  (Continued)
                                               BENTHOS, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES, COLORADO
                                                              (Numbers per square foot)
                                                     Collected in August, September and October, 1971

                                              	Station (River Miles)	
                  339.2  336.5  334.9  332.3  329.8  323.2  317.8  317.7/0.1  317.3  313.4  312.1/0.1  308.8  301.7  296.1  288.2   276.7   264.7  252.5   246.5

MAYFLIES (LEPTOPHLEBIIDAE)         16                    1

     Chnroterpes     Q      Q      Q

DAMSELFLIES (ZYGOPTERA)                                                  1                                                     Q

DAMSELFLIES
(COENAGRIONIDAE)                                                                 Q                                             Q

DRAGONFLIES
(GOMPHIDAE)                 QQQ12                 1Q                                                            1

STONEFLIES
(PLECOPTERA)

  Isogenus                  Q

  Isoperla            1      2      3     Q

  Acroneuria                 1

  Pteronarcys               Q             Q

BUGS
(HEMIPTERA)           1

WATER BOATMEN (CORIXIDAE)                                                                                                      Q

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)                                     1                                                                              3

WATER SCAVENGER
BEETLES (HYDROPHILIDAE)                                .                                                                                Q

CRAWLING WATER BEETLES
(HALIPLIDAE)

  Brychius                                                                                                                     Q             Q

-------
                           TABLE G-12  (Continued)
BENTHOS, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES, COLORADO
               (Numbers per square foot)
      Collected in August, September and October, 1971

                          Station (River Miles)
339.2 336.5 334.9 332.3 329.8 323.2 317.8
CADDISFLIES
(TRICHOPTERA)
Hydropsyche 1 21 7 Q Q 2
Cheumatopsyche 29 5
Glossosoma
Agraylea
Rhyacophila 1
Brachycentrus
BLOODWORMS
(CHIRONOMIDAE) 7 145
MIDGES (ORTHOCLADIINAE) 178 2 8 20 14
MIDGES (TANYPODINAE) 2
BLACK FLIES
(SIMULIIDAE) 5 Q Q
BITING MIDGES
(CERATOPOGONIDAE) 3 2
HORSEFLIES
(TABANIDAE) Q Q Q 1
CRANE FLIES
(TIPULIDAE 1
SOLDIER FLIES
(STRATIOMYIIDAE) 1
317.7/0.1 317.3 313.4 312.1/0.1 308.8 301.7 296.1 288.2 276.7 264.7 252.5 246.5
1 Q 2
1
3 Q
32 6 2
1
125 86 152 384 39 105 54 73 108 23 34 22
3 20
Q 3-17 9
1
en
i

-------
                                                                        TABLE G-12 (Continued)
                                             BENTHOS, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES, COLORADO
                                                            (Numbers per square fooc)
                                                   Collected in August, September and October, 1971

                                                                       Station (River Miles)
339.2 336.5 334.9 332.3 329.8 323.2 317.8 317.7/0.1 317'.3
ANTHOMYIIDS
(ANTHOMYIIDAE)
Limnophora
SHORE FLIES
(EPHYDRIDAE)
SNIPE FLIES
(RHAGIONIDAE)
Atherix 11 Q
SNAILS AND LIMPETS
(GASTROPODA)
Ferrissia 1
Physa Q 1 Q 2 12
Lymnaea 1
Number of kinds 15 21 14 11 10 15 10 8 13
Numbers per
square foot 37 229 337 13 24 48 96 175 288
313.4 312.1/0.1 308.8 301.7 296.1 288.2 276.7 264.7 252.5 246.5
2
60 30
Q
Q
46 28 2 Q 9 7 Q Q
76 8 6 5 11 10 12 6 7
299 1,494 732 1,424 2,292 3,268 409 69 74 58
Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a value of 1 for computing.

-------
                                                                          TABLE G-13
                                                            BENTHOS,  SOUTH PIATTE RIVER, COLORADO
                                                                   (Numbers per square foot)
                                                             Collected November 29 and 30, 1971
                                                                                      Station  (River Miles)
FLATWORM  (TURBELLARIA)

ROUNDWORMS  (NEMATA)

SLUDGEWORMS  (TUBIFICIDAE)

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)

WATER FLIES  (CLADOCERA)

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

     Gammarus

MAYFLIES  (EPHEMEROPTERA)

     Pseudocloeon

     Tricorythodes

     Baetis

DAMSELFLIES  (COENAGRIONIDAE)

STONEFLIES (AGRIONIDAE)

DRAGONFLIES  (GOMPHIDAE)

WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES (HYDROPHILIDAE)

PREDACEOUS DIVING BEETLES (DYTISCIDAE)
296.1   295.7   294.4   264.7   252.5   250.6   246.5   196.6   195.4   151.6   150.0   95.4   94.0   87.0   81.1

           Q

                                    5                                                      51

  213      64     128   1,864     566   7,088   8,776       1     213     752       6            67         4,916

   Q               Q

    3
                                           20
Q
Q




Q

Q Q
Q
8
8
4



-------
CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

     Hydropsyche

     Cheumatopsyche

     Agraylea

BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)

     Simulium

BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)

ANTHOMYIID FLIES (ANTHOMYIIDAE)

     Llmnophora

CRANE FLIES (TIPULIDAE)

BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)

SNAILS AND LIMPETS

     Physa

     Number of kinds

     Numbers per square foot
                                                                          TABLE G-13  (Cont)
                                                            BENTHOS, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER, COLORADO
                                                                  (Numbers per square foot)
                                                             Collected November 29 and 30, 1971
                                                                                     Station (River Miles)
                                           296.1   295.7   294.4   264.7   252.5   250.6   246.5   196.6   195.4   151.6   150.0   95.4   94.0   87.0   81.1
223
                 14
                                         12
                                        228

                                          4
                                                                         20
                                                                                 12
                                                                                               15
                                                                                                            556

Q

5
71

3 13 51
Q 1
7 3 10
148 1,881 633

489
4
7
7,845

88
8
5
8,882
3
Q 32 20 11 24 26 5
Q Q
9 5 6 5 8 10 7
9 257 795 31 39 117 13

400
Q
11
5,907
     Q = Organisms collected qualitatively; arbitrarily assigned a value of 1 for computing.

-------
APPENDIX H




   FISH

-------
                                                                       H-l
                            TABLE  H-l
                FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT
                      BEAR CREEK, COLORADO
                          September, 197L§/

  Species                        Station  (River Mile)
                                    13.0        0.7
                                  No.  Wt.-'  No.  Wt.~
GAME FISH

  Rainbow trout                     7   807

FORAGE FISH

  Longnose dace                                46   250

  Creek chub                                   64   402

  Longnose sucker                  37 1,310    24    60

  White sucker                    	6_   578   	   	

  TOTAL                            50 2,695   134   712
— Unit of effort:  electroshocked 200 feet.
b/Weight in grams.

-------
H-2
        Species
            TABLE H-2
FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT
      CLEAR CREEK, COLORADO
         September, 1971-'

                   Station (River Mile)
      GAME  FISH

        Brown  trout

      FORAGE FISH

        Creek  chub

        Longnose sucker

        White  sucker

        Green  sunfish

        TOTAL
                                         0.3
                                      No.
                       Wt.-'
                                                b/
1
5
14
2
22
23
433
2,166
5
2,627
                                   18.7
No.
                                           b/
                                          399
                                          322
                                          661
     -'Unit of effort:   electroshocked  200  feet.

     k/Weight in grams .

-------
                                                                       H-3
  Species
            TABLE  H-3
FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT
     BOULDER CREEK, COLORADO
        September, 197Li/

                 Station (River Mile)
                                 1.9
                            No.
                     Wt.i'
                                        b/
GAME FISH

  Rainbow trout

  Smallmouth bass             1        340

FORAGE FISH

  Gizzard shad                1          5

  River shiner               62         75

  Fathead minnow              5         -

  Longnose dace               6         11

  Creek chub                  6         70

  Longnose sucker

  White sucker              115      4,420

  Plains killifish            1

  Green sunfish               3         50

ROUGH FISH

  Carp                       22     12.520

  TOTAL                     222     17,491


-'Unit of effort:  electroshocked 200 feet.
                                 27.6
No.
                               22
                               27
                                         b/
Wt.i'
        1,323
                                        733
        2,064
—'Weight in grams.

-------
H-4
        Species
            TABLE H-4

FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT

    ST. VRAIN CREEK, COLORADO

       September, 1971JL/



                Station (River Mile)
      GAME FISH



        Brown trout



        Largemouth bass



      FORAGE FISH



        Gizzard shad



        Brassy minnow



        River Shiner



        Fathead minnow



        Longnose dace



        Creek chub



        Longnose sucker



        White sucker



        Plains killifish



        Green sunfish



        Johnny darter



      ROUGH FISH



        Carp



        TOTAL
                                      1.3
                                   No.
              25
              93
                    Wt.-'
                                             b/
                               26.6
        No.





          7



          4
                                       b/
                       81
5,415



6,023
        Wt.-'





          162



           20
12
1

49




1

82
-
18
425 120
68

108
10
20 10
1


140
338
248
I
1,178
192
441
2
347
2,722
      a/
      -'Unit of effort:  electroshocked 200 feet.
      — Weight in grams.

-------
                                                                       H-5
                            TABLE  H-5
                FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT
                  BIG THOMPSON RIVER, COLORADO^/
                         September, 1971

  Species                         Station (River Mile)
                                     0.9     ,   37.9
                                   No.  Wt.-7 No.  Wt^b-/
GAME FISH

  Rainbow trout                                 1     8

FORAGE FISH

  Longnose dace                      1     8   15    90

  Creek chub                         3    10

  Longnose sucker                              15 1,474

  White sucker                     137 1,670  	

  TOTAL                            141 1,688   31 1,572
a/
-Unit of effort:  electroshocked 200 feet.
—'Weight in grams.

-------
c/
  Species

GAME FISH

  Rainbow trout

  Brown trout

  Black bullhead

  Pumpkinseed

  Largemouth bass—'

FORAGE FISH

  Brassy minnow

  River shiner

  Fathead minnow

  Longnose dace

  Creek chub

  Longnose sucker

  White sucker

  Brook stickleback

  Green sunfish

  Ye 1 low perch
                53.6
                                                        TABLE H-6
                             FISH  CAPTURED  PER UNIT OF EFFORT, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, COLORADO^/
                                                September and October, 1971

                                                              (Riwar Milo)
                                                             TTT
                                                          36.3
                              2575
                                                                                                     17.9
 Trap Net-7   Electroshock-7   Trap Net-   Trap Net-    Trap NetS^   Trap Net
No.      Wt.
                                                                                     ITT
                           No.
                                   Wt.   No.
                                                  Wt. No.
                                                               Wt. No.
                                                                            Wt. No.
                                                    Trap Net^
                                                                                                               0.5
                                                                                                                            Trap  Net^"
             28   5,7*2

              *   1,356
                             2      375

                             8    2,136
                                                 672
               5

               1

              11
                                                  329

                                                    2

                                                  261
                                                  20
                                                                    30
333
  9     226

 16   1,479    1       66

123  15,5*7  309   19,525    59   9,333
                                                                                         Wt.  No.
                                                                                                      Wt.  No.
                                               **
                                           11     327   27     5**    1        68     2*8    3      76    3

                                                        1      30    1       82   60  12,107
                                                                                                                   Wt .
                                                         1       5

                                                                     8*     213   *0     112

                                                                82    3       63       7

                                                         1      11

                                                        19     150   13     385    7     552

                                                                                                3     560

                                                                                 1*3  *7,292   11   3,983

                                                                              3

                                                                                                       *0
                                                                                   0.5
                                                                                                                        Electroshock-7
                                                                                                                         No.
                                                                                                                                 Wt.

-------
                                                                          TABLE H-6 (Cont)
                                            FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT, CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, COLORADO!'
                                                                September and October, 1971

                                                                              (Rivpr Milpl	
                                 53.6           53.6           41.2         36.3         26.5         17.9          9.4          0.5           0.5
                               Trap Netk/  Electroshockk/   Trap Netk/   Trap Net^./   Trap Net^/   Trap Net^/   Trap Net^/   Trap Net^./   Electrosftock-
                              No.      Wt.  No.      Wt.   No.      Wt. No.      Wt. No.      Wt. No.      Wt. No.      Wt. No.      Wt.   No.      Wt.
ROUGH FISH

  Carp                        	  	   	   	      7   6,647  	  	    1  	32    1  	\J_    5   1,441  	   	     15  15,510

  TOTAL                       33   7,109      10   2,511    179  24,gl8  355  20,757   116  10,034  173  13,023  201  49,480   17   4,583     15  15,510
2/Unit of effort 4 trap net days or equivalent or electroshocked 200 feet.

i>/Weight in grams.

— Young-of-the-year.

-------
GAME  FISH


  Rainbow trout


  Brown trout


  Black bulIhead


  Channel catfish


FORAGE FISH


  Gizzard shad


  River shiner


  Red shiner


  Mimic shiner


  Fathead minnow


  Longnose dace


  Creek chub


  Longnose sucker


  White sucker


  Brook stickleback


  Green sunfish


  Yellow perch


  TOTAL

yUnjt  of effort:
b/Weight  Jn grams.
                                                                          TABLE H-7
                                               FISH CAPTURED PER UNIT OF EFFORT,  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER,  COLORADO!'
                                                                August and September 1971

                                              	Station (River hile)	
                              339.2
                       336.5
         33^.9
332.3
301.7
276.7
252.5
158.1
95. 4
                           Trap Nets^  Trap Nets-7'  Trap Nets-''  Trap Nets-''  Electroshock-/  Electroshock-/  Electros hock-7'   Electroshock-/   Electros hock^
                          No.
               WtT No.




                3

              333
                                                WtT NoT
520
              WtT NoT
                                                                          WtT
                          360
                                                                                No.
                    WtT
            NoT
      WtT
                           200
                                  7     511

                                  1   1 ,200
Four trap net days or equivalent;  or electroshocked  200  feet.
                                                                                                                Wo.
                                                                                                                         Wt.
55
11 32
3 61 19
76 4,907 30
21 1,995 20


13
113 7,331 141
453

804
1,890
2,973


123
6,963


20
59
61

3
25
176
55 183 6 )
11 39 1 } 22
3 )
26 24
12 120 2 6
369 92 1,464
2,207 76 2,748 16 22 19 444
5,965 32 6,139 8 456 6 631 3 904
2 1
132 1 10 6 72.5
645
11,029 216 10,831 37 518 80 .845 38 1,442.5
                                                                                                                                No.
                                                                                                                                         WtT
                                                                                                 NoT
                                                                                                              3  )
                                                                                                                )
                                                                                                             14  }    346      146

                                                                                                              4  )
                                                                                    WtT
                                                                                                        290
                                                                                                                             48    1,583
                                                                                                                                     83

-------
           APPENDIX I




DATA FOR WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS

-------
                                                        TABLE  1-1

                            SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                                SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Name of Industry, Address .
and Dates Sampled
Adolph Coors Company
Golden, Colorado
(2/3-5/72) S/
American Smelting & Refinery
Company, 495 E. 51st Avenue
Denver, Colorado
(9/28-29/71)
City of Denver Asphalt
Plant, 3600 Fox Street,
Denver, Colorado
(9/28-29/71)
Continental Oil Company
5801 Brighton Blvd.
Commerce City, Colorado
(9/22-23/71)
Asphalt Plant
Refinery

Gates Rubber Company
Denver, Colorado
(8/17-19/71)
Mississippi Avenue Outfall

Settling Pond Outfall


Loveland Packing Company
1000 South Lincoln Street
Loveland, Colorado
(9/28-30/71 )
Martin Marietta
Littleton, Colorado
(9/29-30/71)
Monfort Packing Company
Greeley, Colorado
fR/?S-77/7l^
Discharge To
Clear Creek

AVERAGE
(RM 311.1/15.3) RANGE
Storm sewer
to South
Platte River
(RM 314.48)
South Platte
River
(RM 316.14)





Sand Creek
(RM 312.1/1.1)
Burlington
Ditch



South Platte
"$Me322.50)
South Platte
River
(RM 322.25)
AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE






AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE




AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE

Big Thompson AVERAGE
River RANGE
(RM 260.4/25.5)

Brush Creek
(RM 341.1/2.0)

Greeley waste-
water treat-

AVERAGE

RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
(mqd)
4.79
4.13-5.42
0.25 (est)



0.032(est)







0.172
0.576




0.65(est)

1.02


0.05

0.03mg/
release

No. and Type pH5/ Temp.s/
of Sample S.U. °C

3

2



2






8
2
8
2



9
3
9
3

4

2


1.6 12
3

Composite 6.3-7.5 3.0-14.5

Grab 9.0-9.1 15-16



Grab 6.5-6.7 54-60






Grab rf/
Composite5' 7.3-7.8 25.5-28.0
Grabs A/
Composite- 7.1-8.0 20.0r26.0



Grab .
Composite^/ 7.0-8.0 27-30
Grab .,
Composite? 7.0-9.0 22-27

Grab 7.5-7.7 14.5-15.0

Grab

7.2-7.3 23-26
Grab^
Composite
Cond.S' BOD
umhos/cm (mq/1)
190
400-1,950 118-262
N.A.5/
650-700


N.A5/
360-500





,
N-A.5/
950-1 ,400
N.A.5/
1,400-2,100



f/
725-850
U
440-550

105
1,200-1,600 40-240

90
C. 3
1,000-1,700 5.0-40
1,170
810-1,480
COD
(mg/1 )
205
200-213
25



N.A5/







50
110



c/
N.A.

N.A.5/


135
120-145

66


1,800
Total Solids
(mg/1 )
820
800-839
415
400-430


3,850
1,860-5,840






685
660-710
1,300
1 ,220-1 ,390



500
430-550
350
330-370

890
650-1 ,730

1 ,110

1,080-1,140
6,610
2,430-10,100
Susp. Solids
(mq/1 )
17
10-24
45
30-60


2,260
1,400-3,170






20
60




28
18-42
32
20-54

94
22-198

65

50-80
1,040
940-1,150
Oil & Grease Phenol
(mq/1) (mq/1)


N.A. N.A. .



<1 N.A.







5 0.39
4-10 0.18-0.60
4 <0.9
3-9 <0. 01-0. 18


c/
' 19 N.A.
14-23
6 N.A.
4-9

17 N.A.5/
14-22

c/
N.A.

250 N.A.5/
ment plant

-------
                                                                                   TABLE 1-1. (Continued)

                                                              SUMMARY Of ANALYTICAL DATA FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                                                                 SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
Name of IndustryjAddress
and Dates Sampled
Public Service Company
Metropolitan Denver Area
(9/22-23/71)
Arapahoe Plant
Littleton, Colorado
Cherokee Plant
Denver, Colorado

Zuni Plant
Denver, Colorado
Pond Discharge


Cooling Tower Blow-
down Discharge

Major Cooling Water
Discharge

Refinery Corporation
5800 Brighton Blvd.
Commerce City, Colorado
(8/17-19/71)
Sigman Meat Company
Discharge To



South Platte
River
South Platte
River
(RM 312.5)


South Platte
River
(RM 319.06)
South Platte
River
(RM 319.08)
South Platte
River
(RM 319.12)
Sand Creek
(RM 312.1/0.9)


Clear Creek




AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
Flow
(mqd)



1.2
9.86



0.141


0.150


23.7


Unknown


0.36
No. and Type pH ^
of Sample S.U.



11 Grab „.
2 Composite- 3/7. 4-9. 9
11 Grab ,
2 Composite1 7.5-8.2



10 Grab ,,
2 Composite-' 7.0-7.9

10 Grab .-,
2 Composite- 10.0-10.4

10 Grab .,
2 Composite1' 7.6-7.9

9 Grab
7.6-8.0


72 Grab. .-/
Temp."'
°C



14-18
15-21




15-22


22-28


11-17

29-32



CondA' BOD
umhos/cm (mg/1)


c/
N.A.-
1 ,600-1 ,900
950-1,100


c/
N.A.57
510-750
c/
N.A.-7
1,100-1,290
c/
N.A.
590-725

2,400-2,600


1,200
COD
(mg/1)



187
N.A.17



262


187

„ c/
N.A.

c/
N.A.


N.A.^
Total Solids
(mg/1)



1.400
1,310-1,500
790
760-820



630
510-740

660
580-740

530
480-580

1,580
1,530-1,620


4,130
Susp. Solids
(mg/1)



38
80



69


30


120


41
22-68


585
Oil & Grease
(mq/1)


r /
N.A.-
N.A.£/


r /
N.A.17

c/
N.A.-

c/
N.A.-'


14
7-21


N.A.-7
Phenol
(mg/1 )


r /
N.A.£/
N.A.^


r I
N.A.-7

c/
N.A.57

c/
N.A.^7

, ,
N.A.


N.A.57"
6000 West 54th Avenue
Arvada, Colorado
(8/11-14/71)
Weld Co. By-Products Co.
1012 North llth Avenue
Greeley, Colorado
(9/26-29/71)
Valley Sani-     RANGE            3 Composite^  7.1-10.3   24-29
tation waste
water treat-
ment plant
                                                                                                    2,400-  8,000  1,000-1,400
Drain to Cache AVERAGE Unknown
laPoudre River   RANGE
 (RM  249.0/7.4)
                                                                 2 Grab
                                                                               7.3
                                                                                         12
                                                                                                    4,000
                                                                                   105
                                                                                    90-120
                                                                                                         3,900-4,300      390-780
N.A.^    15,300         3 120
         12,700-17,900
                                                                                                                                                                   N.A.-
 a/  Measurements made  from grab samples.
 b/  Data  from February 3,  1972, not  used.
 c/  Not analyzed.
 3/  Four  grab samples  collected each day to make daily composite.
 e/  Three grab samples collected  each day  to make daily composite.
 f/  Samples  were toxic to  BOD  seed;  therefore,  no dissolved oxygen depletion observed.
 £/  Four  grab samples  on September 22, and seven on  September 23, to make up daily composite.
 h/  Five  grab samples  on September 22, and six  on September 23, to make up daily composite.
 T/  Four  grab samples  on September 22, and six  on September 23, to make up daily composite.
 j/  Twenty-four grab samples each day to make up daily composite.
                                                                                                                                                  N.A.^

-------
                                                         TABLE 1-2
                                                                                              a/
                           SUMMARY OF  INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-
     Name of Industry
 Discharge To
  Treatment Facilities
           Remarks
Adolph Coors Company
Golden
Burlington Northern
Railroad, Inc.
Denver
Continental Oil Company
Refinery and Asphalt
Plant, Denver
Clear Creek
South Platte
River
Burlington
Ditch
Activated sludge with
chlorination
None
(See Remarks)
Oil separators and
aeration units
Floyd Haag Sand and Gravel
Company
Loveland
Big Thompson
River
None
Plant is organically overloaded.
All wastes except those from the
brewery are to be diverted to
Metro facility on or about
Oct, 1, 1972

Spillage of oil in the refinery
area is allowed to seep into
the ground; these spilled oils
enter the South Platte River.

As a result of the Project studies
in 1965,—  it was recommended that
phenol concentrations be reduced
to less than 25 ppb in the dis-
charge to Sand Creek.  In Dec. 1971
asphalt wastes were diverted to
refinery treatment plant which
now discharges all wastes to
Burlington Ditch.

Previous studies by the South
Platte River Basin Project indi-
cated this condition existed and
recommended adequate treatment
facilities be constructed.

-------
                                                   TABLE 1-2 (Continued)
                           SUMMARY OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN—
                                                                                              a/
     Name of Industry
 Discharge To
  Treatment Facilities
            Remarks
Gates Rubber Company
Denver
Loveland Packing Company
Loveland
Monfort Packing Company
Greeley
sanitary sewer
and South
Platte River
Big Thompson
River
Greeley
municipal
wastewater
treatment plant
Part to oil separators,
part to sanitary sewers, and
remainder to South Platte
River
Aeration basin, secondary
clarifier, and final
polishing basin
Grease skimming and primary
clarification
Refinery Corporation
Denver
Sand Creek
Oil separators, aerated
lagoon, settling pond
As a result of the Project
studies—' it was recommended that
all wastewater be diverted to
sanitarey sewers.  Wastes from
5 to 6 collection sumps are still
discharged to the South Platte
River without treatment.

Even though BOD and suspended
solids removal efficiencies were
90 and 81 %, respectively, exist-
ing facilities did not provide
treatment in accord with "best
treatment" practices.

These wastes are causing gross
organic overloading of the Greeley
municipal waste treatment plant.
The City and Company with an EPA
grant, are constructing new faci-
lities for treatment of Company
wastes and the activated sludge
from the present municipal plant.

During the 1971 survey it was ob-
served that the discharge of oil
and grease caused discoloration
of Sand Creek.

-------
                                                   TABLE 1-2 (Continued)

                           SUMMARY OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN2-'
                                                              a/
     Name of Industry
 Discharge To
  Treatment Facilities
            Remarks
Sigman Meat Packing Company
Arvada
Weld County By-Products
Company, Greeley
Process wastes go
to Clear Creek
Wastewater Treat-
ment Plant

Natural drain to
Cache la Poudre
River
Primary treatment of process
wastes
Septic tank and then evapor-
ation lagoon  -
During the 1971 survey the .ef-
fluent contained 1200 mg/1 of
BOD and 587 mg/1 suspended solids,
A survey, conducted Sept. 28-29,
1971, indicated that the lagoon
seepage was reaching the Cache la
Poudre River.
aj This group does not include Great Western mill [Table 1-3],

-------
                                                            TABLE  1-3

      SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE FROM THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY PLANTS
Map Key Station Description Date of Survey
1-2^ Great Western Sugar 12/6-10/71
Brighton, Colorado
Treatment System Effluent
(RM 295.7)
a/
1-3 Great Western Sugar 12/6-10/71
Longmont, Colorado
Condenser Water Effluent
(RM 270.0/22.0)
a/
I-3~ Great Western Sugar 12/6-10/71
Longmont, Colorado
Seepage From Lime Ponds
(RM 270.0/20.8)
a/
1-4 Great Western Sugar 12/6-11/71
Johnstown, Colorado
Water Treatment System
Effluent
(RM 260.4/7.0/2.8)
I-5~ Great Western Sugar 12/6-11/71
Loveland, Colorado
Waste Treatment Pond
Effluent
(RM 260.4/22.0)
1-^ Great Western Sugar 12/6-11/71
Loveland, Colorado

AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE
Fl ow Temp .
CFS °C
3.6
3.3-4.3 7.0-15.0


c/
11.3
30.0-46.0



1.0 (est)
0.0-6.5



4.4
4.20-4.75 5.0-11.0



11.7
10.4-14.5 0.0-5.0



.2 (est)
3.5-10.0
Cond. pH BOD
umhos/cm S.U. mg/1
12
850-1,400 7.2-8.4 6.0-20



46
950-1,300 8.1-9.2 30-54



6.7
1,400-2,200 7.5-8.4 5.0-8.0



297
1,050-2,550 7.3-8.5 267-320



13
520-650 7.9-8.25 6.0-18



51
1,350-1,650 7.2-7.8 14-100
TOC
mg/1
84
84-85



61
25-84



217
210-220



205
88-430



56
38-75




220
Alkalinity
mg/1
273
253-288



213
205-225



498
197-661



-
140



_
130




658
Seepage from Lime Pond
(RM 260.4/22.22/0.1)

-------
                                                       TABLE I ,-3 (Continued)

     SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE FROM THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY PLANTS
Map Key
I.6a/




1-6^




1-7^



1-f



l-7~



I-S*

Station Description Date of Survey
Great Western Sugar 12/13-15/71
Greeley, Colorado
Effluent From Serpentine
Ditch
(RM 249.0/4.5)
Great Western Sugar 12/13-15/71
Greeley, Colorado
Ash Disposal and
Boiler Slowdown Effluent
(RM 249.0/5.2)
Great Western Sugar 11/29-12/3/71
Eaton, Colorado
Condenser Water Effluent
(RM 249.9/6.9/7.0)
Great Western Sugar 11/29-12/3/71
Eaton, Colorado
Lime Kiln Effluent
(RM 249.9/6.9/6.9)
Great Western Sugar 11/29/12/3/71
Eaton, Colorado
Boiler Slowdown
(RM 249.9/6.9/6.85)
Great Western Sugar 11/29-12/3/71
Ft. Morgan, Colorado

AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow Temp.
CFS °C
7.6
7.1-7.8 20.0-24.0



0.9
0.5-1.5 5.0-46.0



4.28
4.23-4.34 24.0-25.0


0.026
0.024-0.034 13.0-23.0


_
48.0-55.0


18.4
17.0-22.3 28.0-32.0
Cond. pH BOD
umhos/ciii S.U. rng/1
615
1,500-1,800 6.7-7 A 480-765



1,230
1,650-2,150 8.1-10.2 1,650-2,150



21
1,400-1,500 7.7-8.1 13-25


15
1,350-2,000 7.5-10.5 10-24


-
400-570 8.2-9.2


23
1,250-2,150 8.2-8.6 12-34
TOC
nig/1
580
400-890



1,190
1,160-1,210



10
6-15


54
10-140


-
-


11
8-16
Alkalinity
mg/1
.
-



_
-



398
390-410


1,260
480-2,050.


-
-


275
270-280
Condenser Water Discharge
(RM 196.2)

-------
                                                                   TABLE I-3(Continued)

                 SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE FROM THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY PLANTS
Map Key
j.gb/



1-10*

Station Description
Great Western Sugar
Sterling, Colorado
Main Discharge Canal
(RM 150.4/0.4)
Great Western Sugar
Ovid, Colorado
Date of Survey
11/29-12/3/71



11/29-12/3/71


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE

17
16


7
7
Flow
CFS
.9
.93-18.86


.47
.33-7.69
Temp.
°C

11.0-15.0



27.0-30.0
Cond.
iiinhos/cm

1,400-1,900



1,500-1,750
pH
S.U.

8.4-8.6



6.3-7.1
BOD
mg/1
24
19-26


250
180-290
TOC
mq/1
17
11-25


130
81-170
Alkalinity
mg/1
283
279-288


260
233-304
             Lagoon Effluent
             (RM 94.8)
a/ See Figure 3 for location.
b/ See Figure 4 for location.
c/ All values approximately the same during the survey.

-------
                                          TABLE  1-4
SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES ON  SUGAR  BEET  MILL  DISCHARGES  IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                     November-December,  197'
Station Description Map
Waste Drain for Lime and Surge
Pond Seepage from Great Western
at Longmont (river mile 270. 0/20. 90/. 01 ) .
Condenser Water Discharge from Great
Western at Longmont (river
mile 270. 0/22. 15/. 01).
Effluent from Treatment System,
Great Western at Johnstown
(river mile 260.4/7.0/2.8).
Waste Drain for Lime and Mud Pond
Seepage, Great Western at
Loveland (river mile 260.4/22.5/0.10).
Waste Treatment Pond Discharge for
Key No.£/
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-5
Fecal Coliform
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
440
250
150,000
20
32
<33 <10
38 10
38,000 9,000
<9 <4
<8 <4
% of Samples
>2,000
-0-
-0-
100
-0-
-0-
Fecal
MF
• Maximum
53,000
39,000
350,000
4,700
1 10,000
Streptococci
Count/100 ml
Log Mean Minimum
7,500 2
9,700 1
290,000 270
1,400
2,200
,300
,200
,000
550
310
 Great Western at Loveland
 (river mile 260.4/22.25/0.10).

Condenser Water Discharge from
 Great Western, Eaton, Colorado
 (river mile 249/6.9/7.0).

Lime Kiln Scrubber Discharge from
 Great Western, Eaton (river
 mile 249/6.9/6.9).

Effluent from Great Western
 Serpintine Ditch (river mile
 249/5.4-249/4.5).

Effluent from Ash Disposal and
 Boiler Slowdown System (river
 mile 249/5.4-249/5.2).
              1-7
              1-7
              1-6
              1-6
                                       120
    900
                                                   21
<47
780,000    210,000   130,000
710,000    >60,000  >310,000
                                       -0-          19,000       7,900      5,200
-0-         58,000      4,100       220
                       100       8,300,000 >2,400,000>1,000,000
                       100      12,000,000 >3,100,000   >100,000

-------
                                                                          TABLE 1-4 continued
                                SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES ON SUGAR BEET  MILL DISCHARGES IN  THE  SOUTH PLATTE  RIVER  BASIN
                                                                     November-December,  1971
Station Description
Map Key No.!/
       Fecal  Coliform
       MF Count/100 ml            % of Samples
Maximum   Log Mean   Minimum	> 2,OOP
                Fecal Streptococci
                  MF Count/100 ml
           Maximum   Log Mean   Minimum
Water Supply  Intake at Diversion               1-2
 Point - Great Western Brighton
 (river mile  295.70).

Condenser Water Discharge from Great           1-2
 Western at Brighton  (river mile
 295.70).

Condenser Water only for Great Western         1-8
 at Fort Morgan (river mile 196.20).

Main Discharge Canal from the Sterling         1-9
 Great Western Plant (river mile
 150.20/. 4).

Effluent from Transport Water Treat-           l~9
 ment System at Sterling (river
 mile 150.20/.40/.30).

Condenser Water Discharge from                 l~9
 Great Western Mill at Sterling
 (river mile  150.20/.70).

Lagoon Effluent from Great                     l~10
 Western Mill  at Ovid, Colorado
 (river mi le 94.94/.20).
                          >6,000       >330        140
                          >6,000       >110        20
                              48
                             810
                             110
               370       150
                           6,300      3,700       900
                                        <42
                          28
                       4,300,000 >1,900,000  >600,000
                                       20
                                       20
                                                                -0-
                                                                -0-
             5,400
                                                                 810
                                                                                                                                              100
             8,700      1,700       500
                                                   13,000       1,900        180
-0-      3,600,000   >860,000  >100,000
                                       80       7,900,000 >1,000,000   >100,000
            60,000      5,500       490
                                      100     >10,000,000 >5,000,000>1,000,000
— Map  Key No.  1-2  to  1-7 shown on Figure 3;  1-8 to 1-10 shown on Figure 4.

-------
                                                        TABLE 1-5
                                                                                                           a/
              SUMMARY OF WASTE TREATMENT FOR THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR PLANTS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN—
                                                 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1971
Plant Location
Receiving Water
        Present Treatment
             Remarks
Brighton
(RM 295.7)
South Platte
River
Johnstown
(RM 260.4/7.0/2.8)
Little Thompson
River
The mill recycles all flume water.
Treatment of flume water consists
of screening, primary sedimentation,
two secondary settling basins in
series. The water is then reused.
Muds are removed from the settling
ponds periodically and placed on
periphery for drying. Lime mud
wastes are discharged into a 6-8
acre pond adjacent to South Platte
River. A surge pond (20 acres)
receives excess flume water from
recycle pond.
General plant wastes flow to an
aeration basin. A third aerator
was being installed at the time
of the evaluation. Sludge from
the aeration basin flox?s to a
settling chamber from which
settled sludge will be returned
to the aeration basin. The aer-
ation pond effluent flows to the
stabilization ponds.
1. Adequate BOD and suspended solids
removals were accomplished during
the 1971-72 campaign.
2. A three-fold rise in water tem-
perature existed between McCann
Ditch water source and treated mill
effluent. However, no significant
temperature change occurred in the
South Platte River.
3. According to company data^
nutrients in the effluent were high.
Total phosphates and inorganic
nitrogen ranged from 0.05-0.25 mg/1
and 15.7-17.7 mg/1, respectively.
The water supply contributes the
major portion of these nutrients.
4. The lime mud pond is located
close to the South Platte River and
represents a potential pollution
problem in case of dike failure.
5. The Company should be commended
for water conservation and the sig-
nificant improvements in waste
treatment attained since the 1966
conference.

1. At time of visit, construction
on aeration basin caused wastes to
be bypassed to the stabilization
ponds. Company officials anticipate
80 percent removal when the facili-
ties are completed.
2. The Johnstown factory discharge
caused violation of the Colorado
water quality standards.

-------
                                                  TABLE 1-5 (Continued)
                                                                                                           a/
              SUMMARY  OF WASTE TREATMENT FOR THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR PLANTS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-
                                                 NOVEMBER- DECEMBER 1971
Plant Location
Receiving Water
        Present Treatment
         Remarks
Johnstown (Continued)
Longmont
(RM 270.0/22.0)
St. Vrain Creek
Condenser waters are conveyed
directly to the stabilization ponds.
Acid boilouts, chemical spill, and
kiln scrubber overflow are conveyed
to a nonoverflow chemical pond.

Recirculation of flume waters with
33 percent diverted into primary
and secondary lime settling basins.
Overflow from the settling basin
mixes with recycled flume water.
Excess overflow is discharged to
the anaerobic surge basin. Settled
lime muds are sluiced to a nonover-
flowing lime basin.  Condenser
water receives no treatment.
1. The mill discharged 2,520 Ib /day
of BOD (0.80 Ib /ton of sugar beets
sliced) to St. Vrain Creek. This
contributed in depressing the dis-
solved oxygen levels to below the
standard of 3.0 mg/1.
2. The condenser water discharge
raised the temperature of St. Vrain
Creek as much as 13°C.
3. Waste loads from a) Longmont
Great Western Mill and b) Longmont
treatment plant caused violation in
St. Vrain Creek of basic standards
applicable to all waters of the
State.
Loveland
(RM 260.4/22.0)
Big Thompson
River
Mechanical clarification of flume
waters with the effluent recycled.
Clarifier muds are discharged to a
non-overflow 40-acre pond. Con-
denser waters are treated by two
cooling ponds in series and are the
only discharges to the Big Thompson
River. Lime wastes are discharged to
a non-overflowing. 20-acre pond.
1. The effluent quality achieved
during the 1971-72 campaign was
0.22 Ib.  BOD/ton of beets sliced.
Treatment of surface.discharges was
adequate.
2. Excessive seepage (0.13 mgd)
from wastewater ponds was noted
during the inplant evaluation in
December.
3. Lime mud BOD levels from the
lime mud ponds were higher (100
mg/1) than from main discharge
(65 mg/1).

-------
                                                  TABLE 1-5 (Continued)
                                                                                                           a/
              SUMMARY OF WASTE TREATMENT FOR THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR PLANTS  IN THE  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN2-'
                                                 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1971
Plant Location
Receiving Water
        Present Treatment
      Remarks
Eaton
(RM 249.0/6.9/7.0)
Eaton Draw
Greeley
(RM 5.25)
Cache la Poudre
River
Fort Morgan
(RM 196.2)
South Platte
River
Flume water has closed recirculation-
screened to primary settlers to
secondary settlers back to plant.
Surge ponds provided for overflow.
Lime mud goes to a separate pond
with no overflow. Condenser water
goes to a spray pond with constant
overflow. Lime kiln scrubber and
boiler blowdown go to Eaton Draw.

Separate waste ponds for lime muds.
Boiler blowdown and the ashes and
unburned coal and coke residues from
the boilers and lime kiln are dis-
charged to the river (RM 5.25). Some
condenser water is returned to water
supply pond. Waste flume waters,
excess condensates, leaks, spills,
boilouts and miscellaneous wastes go
to a serpentine shaped ditch which
discharges to the river at RM 4.3.
Mechanical clarification of flume
waters with the effluent recycled.
Clarifier muds are discharged to
mud ponds. The mud pond overflow
mixes with recycled flume water.
Lime wastes are discharged to the
non-overflowing lime pond, and acid
wastes are discharged to the non-
overflowing acid waste pond. Con-
denser water receives no treatment.
1. Adequate treatment of surface
discharges is being provided at
this plant. A plant evaluation
showed that about 500 Ib BOD/day
(0.2 Ib/ton) were discharged.
2. Suspended solids discharged
during the 1971-72 campaign exceeded
the limits set by Refuse Act Permit
Program for this plant.

1. The discharges from the mill in
combination with those from the
Greeley treatment plant cause gross
pollution in the lower reach of the
Cache la Poudre River. The company
has publicly stated that adequate
treatment will be provided by the
start of the 1972-73 campaign if the
plant stays in operation.
2. The December 13-15, 1971, survey
findings indicate that Great Western
Mill is discharging about 25,000
Ib  BOD/day to the Cache la Poudre
River (10.7 Ib  of.BOD/ton of sliced
beets).
3. Fecal coliform density (log mean)
was 210,000/100 ml during the survey.

1. Effluent sampling data indicate a
substantial reduction in the waste
loads discharged by the plant since
1963.
2. However, company data showed dis-
charges during 1971-72 campaign to
exceed 26,000 Ib  BOD/day (7.4 Ib /
ton of beets sliced). The possible
cause of high BOD levels of the con-
denser water were being investigated
by company officials.

-------
                                                  TABLE 1-5 (Continued)
                                                                                                        a/
           SUMMARY OF WASTE TREATMENT FOR THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR PLANTS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-
                                                 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1971
Plant Location
Receiving Water
        Present Treatment
          Remarks
Sterling
(RM 150.A)
South Platte
River
Ovid
(RM 94.8)
South Platte
River
A "partial" recycle flume water
system is used. About 25 percent
of the flume water, after settle-
ment in the mud ponds, is treated
by aerated lagoons and settling
basins. The settled muds are
hauled away. Lime wastes are dis-
charged to the non-overflowing
lime pond; acids and caustic boil-
outs are discharged to a non-
overflowing pit. Condenser water
receives no treatment.

Separate ponds for lime muds. Flume
waters, condenser waters and other
plant wastes, after screening, are
passed through two settling ponds
(approximately 750 feet by 75) and
then discharged to the South Platte
River.
The EPA data indicated 0.9 Ibs
BOD/ton of beets was discharged
during the survey. Company data
show that during the 1971-72 cam-
paign the BOD ranged from 0.23-4.7
Ibs/ton.
Company has publicly stated they
plan to install necessary treatment
by the start of the 1973-74 campaign.
a/ Individual reports on each Great Western Company Mill are contained in the report entitled "Technical Appendix on
   Industrial Waste Source Evaluations", except for the Greeley and Ovid Mills which are discussed in the reports
   entitled "Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of the Cache la Poudre and South Platte Rivers - Greeley
   Area" and "Investigation of the Effects of the Waste Discharges from the Great Western Sugar Mill at Ovid, Colorado
   on Water Quality Conditions in the South Platte River," respectively.
b_/ The Region VIII, Permits Program, has set special permit conditions for each Great Western plant in the basin.
£/ An effluent containing 0.5 Ibs each of BOD and suspended solids or less is achievable by the installation of the
   best practicable control technology currently available for the sugar beet industry.

-------
                                                          TABLE 1-6

                   SUMMARY  OF ANALYTICAL DATA  FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST  1971-FEBRUARY 1972
BOD
Map Key— Facility and Dates Sampled

M-l


M-2


M-3




M-4


M-5



M-6

South Platte River Main Stem
Littleton, City of
(September 20-24)
(RM 327.6)
Englewood, City of
(September 20-24)
(RM 325.1)
South Lakewood Sanitation
District
(August 17-20)
(RM 318.9)
Clear Creek Drainage
Wheatridge Sanitation District
(February 3-5)
(RM 311.1/7.7)
Clear Creek Valley
Sanitation District
(August 11-14)
(RM 311.1/7.0)
Arvada, City of
(August 11-14)

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE



AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD

5.2
4.8-5.6

8.6
8.2-8.8

1.8
1.7-1.8



2.1
2.1-2.2

2.5
2.4-2.6
.

1.09
1.06-1.10
Influent
(mg/1)

158
150-170

115
70-160

103
100-110



328
213-532

285
220-350


190
150-230
Effluent
(mg/1 )

33
30-40

87
80-90

33
13-60



135
118-162

17
15-19


29
15-44
Suspended Solids
Influent
(mq/1)

353
140-710




113
90-150



171
126-227

143
100-170


147
90-190
Effluent
(mq/1)

40^


135
120-150

60
40-90



87
54-116

<40
<20-70


50
40-60
Total Solids
Influent Effluent
(mq/1) (mq/1)

885
830-1,000

895
880-910

717
640-820



872
630-1,165

973
960-990


693
670-720

650
590-690

877
870-900

600
540-660



611
601-622

860
840-870


600
590-620
Chlorine
Residual
(mg/1)

0.9


0.4


0.8




<0.1


0.8



1.4

(RM 311.1/6.7/0.2)

-------
                                                    TABLE 1-6  (Continued)

                   SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
BOD
a/
Map Key
M-7
M-8
M-10
M-ll
M-12

M-13
Facility and Dates Sampled
Clear Creek Drainage
Baker Water and Sanitation
District (August 11-14)
(RM 311.1/3.4)
South Platte River Main Stem
Metropolitan Denver Sanitation
District (August 1-9)
(RM 312.2)
South Adams Sanitation
District
(January 31 -February 2)
(RM 306.7)
Brighton, City of
(August 31 -September 2)
(RM 295.8)
Fort Lupton, City of
(August 31-September 2)
(RM 287.6)
St. Vrain River Drainage
Boulder - Pearl Street
(August 17-20)

AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD
1.00
0.97-1.03
116
104-124
1.8
1.8-1.9
1.3
1.2-1.4
0.032

4.0
3.6-4.3
Influent
(mq/1)
330^
187
160-210
223
200-241
156
100-230


140
130-170
Effluent
ftnq/1 )
^
31
10-100
62
50-70
53
50-60
30
20-40

48
30-75
Suspended Solids
Influent
(mq/1)
287
140-540
95
50-140
236
89-400
175
160-200


130
120-150
Effluent
(mg/1)
40
30-50
122
30-240
145
48-298
80
60-100
116
80-140

36
18-50
Total Solids
Influent
(mq/1)
1,800
1,300-2,700
828
780-890
1,380
1,190-1,620
1,880
1,810-1,960


925
750-1,060
Effluent
(mq/1 )
1,170
1,100-1,200
745
660-830
1,160
1,110-1,190
1,550
1,500-1,590
1,660
1,640-1,670

355
220-370
Chlorine
Residual
(mq/1 )
2.1
<0.2
2.3
0
No Facility

1.3
(RM 270.0/17.4/21.3)

-------
                                                     TABLE  1-6  (Continued)

                   SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL  DATA  FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE  SOURCE EVALUATIONS  - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
Map Key-^

M-14


M-15


M-16



M-17



M-18



M-19

i
Facility and Dates Sampled
St. Vrain River Drainage
Boulder - 75th Street
(August 17-20)
(RM 270.0/17.4/17.8)
Lyons, City of
(August 31 -September 2)
(RM 270.0/34.3)
Longmont, City of
(January 31 -February 3)
(RM 270.0/22.3)
Big Thompson River Drainage
Loveland, City of
(January 31 -February 2)
(RM 260.4/24.5)
Cache la Poudre River Drainage
Fort Collins, City of
(Plant #1)
(January 31 -February 2)
(RM 249.0/44.1)
Fort Collins, City of
(Plant #2)(RM 249.0/40.2)


AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD

7.8
7.7-8.0

0.05
-

3.7
3.4-4.1


2.7
2.6-2.8


3.9
3.6-4.


3.9
3.4-4.1
BOD
Influent
(mg/1)

173
160-190




188
172-218


174
148-210


193
185-200


218
200-230
Effluent
(mg/1 )

41
16-75

20^


57
20-78


62
60-66


59
52-66


39
35-42
Suspended Solids
Influent
(mq/1 )

120
110-130




229
154-372


260
232-318


454
202-940


346
324-376
Effluent
(mg/1)

<30
<20-40

65
50-80

65
36-104


53
46-64


110
41-240


30
21-42
Total Solids
Influent
(mq/1 )

497
400-560




925
811-1,080


933
839-1 ,050


1,164
872-1 ,440


717
609-793
Effluent
(mq/1)

433
370-490

1,030
200-1 ,850

1,047
781-1,540


679
671-692


495
378-586


339
315-353
Chlorine
Residual
(mg/1)

2.8


1.S*


.
-


.7
-


.4
-


.9
-
(January 31-February 2)

-------
                                                     TABLE  1-6  (Continued)

                   SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL  DATA  FOR  MUNICIPAL WASTE  SOURCE  EVALUATIONS  -  SOUTH  PLATTE  RIVER  BASIN
                                                   AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
a/
Map Key"
M-20
M-21

M-22

M-23

Facility and Dates Sampled
Eaton, Colorado
(November 30-December 2)
(RM 249.0/6.9/6.6)
Greeley, City of
(January 26-28)
(RM 249.0/5.3)
Monfort Meat Packing Company
discharges to City of
Greeley plant
(January 26-28)
South Platte River Main Stem
Fort Morgan, City of
(January 26-29)
(RM 195.2)
American Beef Packers Co.,
discharges to City of Fort
Morgan plant
(January 26-28) .
Brush, City of
(January 26-29)
(RM 185.6)
Sigman Meat Packing Co.,
discharges to City of Brush

AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD
0.16
0.15-0.17
7.0
6.9-7.1
1.7
1.7-1.8
2.6
2.3-2.8
l.O(est)
1.11
1.07-1.21
0.6
0.5-0.7
BOD
Influent Effluent
(mq/1) (mq/1)
72
46-100
493 282
480-510 200-355
1 ,290
1,160-1,400
697 190
600-790 160-220
1 ,640
1,100-2,700
860 140
610-1,320 100-220
1,140
1,030-1,200
Suspended Solids Total Solids
Influent Effluent Influent
(mq/1) (mq/1) (mq/1)
-
450 356 1,180
376-514 168-506 1,050-1,270
1,210
616-1,560
834 94 3,820
304-1,570 66-129 3,380-4,070
12,600
3,140-29,840
1,118 45 2,256
535-1,580 29-74 1,200-3,320
1 ,080
664-1 ,780
Effluent
(mq/1)
-
894
811-957
3,570
2,840-3,980
2,900
2,860-2,950
31 ,400
7,630-53,740
773
698-920
2,280
1,720-3,220
Chlorine
Residual
(mg/1 )
-
Trace
-
No Facility
-
No Facility
-
plant (January 26-28)

-------
                                                                 TABLE !-6 (Continued)

                               SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS - SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                               AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
BOD
Map KeiT
M-24





M-25

i
Facility and Dates Sampled
Sterling, City of
(January 26-29)
(RM 148.6)
Sterling Packing Co., dis-
charges to City of Sterling
plant (January 26-28)
Julesburg, City of
(September 28-October 1)

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD
2.53
2.29-2.74

0.5
0.3-0.8

0.20
0.19-.21
Influent
(mg/1 )
903
800-970

_
-

155
140-180
Effluent
(mg/1)
288
175-480

1,270
910-1,800

45
30-80
Suspended
Influent
(mq/1 )
2,230
1,200-3,400

_
'


690^
-
Solids
Effluent
(mq/1 )
269
112-512

870
250-1,610

60^
-
Total Solids
Influent
(mg/1)
5,650
4,110-6,460

-
-

1,410^
-
Effluent
(mq/1)
2,830
2,520-3,270

3,550
2,840-4,040

b/
1.47CT
-
Chlorine
Residual
(mg/1 )
<0.1.
-

-
-

No Facilit:
-
            (RM 86.9)
a/ M-l through M-10 see Figure 2.
   M-ll through M-21 see Figure 3.
   M-22 through M-25 see Figure 4.

b/ Based on one days data.

£/ All values the same.

-------
                                                   TABLE I~7
                             SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL  ANALYSES ON MUNICIPAL WASTE
                                            TREATMENT PLANT DISCHARGES
                                           IN THE  SOUTH  PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                           August  and September, 1971
Station Description
Baker Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Brighton Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Boulder-East Pearl Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Boulder-75th Street Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Fort Lupton - North Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Fort Lupton - South Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Longmont Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Lyons Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Loveland Waste Water
Dates
8/11 (3), 12 (3),
13(2)
9/27(1), 28(2),
29(1)
8/17(3), 18(3),
19(2)
8/17(3), 18(3),
19(2)
9/27(1), 28(2),
29(1)
9/27(1), 28(2),
29(1)
9/27(1), 28(2),
29(1)
9/27(1), 28(2),
29(2)
8/23(2), 24(3),
Total Coliform
MF Count /100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
830
8,900,000 >2
1,300
>80,000
190,000
77,000
550,000
500,000
180,000
<66
,700,000
290
>1,600
43,000
40,000
800
>66,000
17,000
8
>800,000
120
170
2,700
23,000
9
>8,000
1,800
Maximum
<20
1,900,000
62
>6,000
18,000
33,000
8,400
55,000
1,000
Fecal Coliform
MF Count /100 ml
Log Mean
<7
860,000
16
>40
8,200
8,900
34
6,100
210
Minimum
<2
340,000
2
<2
1,900
3,100
<4
730
32
Treatment Plant
25(2)

-------
                      TABLE  1-7  continued
SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES ON MUNICIPAL WASTE
TREATMENT PLANT DISCHARGES
IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
August and September, 1971
Station Description
Littleton Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Englewood Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Denver Metro Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Coors Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Clear Creek Valley Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Arvada Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Wheat Ridge Waste
Water Treatment Plant
Lakewood Waste Water
Treatment Plant
South Adams Waste Water
Treatment Plant
Dates
1971
9/21(3),22(3),
23(2)
9/21(3), 22(3),
23(2)
8/2(5), 3(6), 4(7)
5(3), 6(7), 31(1),
9/2(1)
9/21(3), 22(3),
23(2)
8/11(3), 12(3),
13(2)
8/11(3), 12(3),
13(2)
8/11(3), 12(3),
13(2)
8/17(3), 18(2),
19(3)
8/17(3), 18(2),
15(3)
Total Coliform
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
100,000 9,800 170
>800,000 > 15, 000 <10
14,000,000 130,000 6,600
>800,000 >330,000 73,000
6,600,000 87,000 1,100
53,000 <1,600 <100
220,000 54,000 7,600
340,000 >1,800 30
52,000 650 19
Fecal Coliform
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Log Mean Minimum
2,600 <96 <10
6,000 <240 <10
430,000 <4,700 230
330,000 >19,000 1,200
57,000 380 6
400 <39 16
160,000 700 82
48,000 <140 <4
3,900 <48 <4
H
1
ho

-------
                                                    TABLE  1-7 continued
                               SUMMARY OF  BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES  ON MUNICIPAL WASTE
                                               TREATMENT PLANT DISCHARGES
                                             IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                               August  and September,  1971
 Station Description
   Dates
    1971
         Total Coliform
         MF Count/100 ml
  Maximum   Log Mean   Minimum
            Fecal Coliform
            MF Count/100 ml
     Maximum   Log Mean    Minimum
 Ft.  Collins  Waste Water
  Treatment Plant  No. 1

 Ft.  Collins  Waste Water
  Treatment Plant  No. 2

-Greeley Waste Water
  Treatment Plant
8/23(2),24(3),
    25(3)

8/23(3),24(3),
    25(1)

8/23(3),24(3),
    25(2)
   71,000     20,000     1,600
1,900,000    >10,000
       3,200
 >800,000    >32,000     2,700    550,000
<240
9    670,000     >1,200
                  4,200
18
             81
        No.  in ( ) indicates number of samples collected that date.

-------
                                                                          TABLE 1-8
                                                 SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF SELECTED MUNICIPAL
                                                             WASTE TREATMENT PLANT DISCHARGES
                                                              SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN SURVEY
                                                                  November-December, 1971
Station Description
         Fecal  Coliform
         MF Count/100 ml          %  of  Samples
  Maximum   Log Mean    Minimum	> 2,000
                                          Fecal  Streptococci
                                            MF Count/100 ml
                                     Maximum	Log  Mean   Minimum
Outfall from Longmont Waste Water Treatment
 Plant to St. Vrain Creek (river mile
 270.0/22.5).

Eaton Waste Water Treatment Plant
 Effluent (river mile 249/6.9/6.6).

Effluent from Greeley Waste Water
 Treatment Plant (river mile 249/5.3).

Julesburg, Colorado Waste Water
 Treatment Plant Effluent (river
 mile 86.9).
1,100,000
14,000
                                                                                                20
 >60,000   > 12,000     5,900
  770,000     1*6,000   < 1,000
  310,000    160,000    53,000
                                                                                                          80
                       100
                        60
                       100
  ONE   VALUE- 4,600
930,000    < 100,000    < 1,000

-------
                                                                       TABLE 1-9

                    SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL  ANALYSES ON  MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT  PLANT DISCHARGES  IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                                JANUARY-FEBRUARY,  1972
Total Coliform MF Count/100 ml
Station Description
Coors Effluent
Wheatridge STP Effluent
South Adams
Longmont STP
Love! and STP
Fort Collins
Plant No.
Fort Collins
Plant No.
Greeley STP
Fort Morgan
STP Effluent
Effluent
Effluent
STP Effluent -
1
STP Effluent -
2
Effluent
STP Effluent
Brush STP Effluent
Sterling STP
Effluent
Dates of
Samples
2/2(1), 3(3), 4(2)
2/2(1), 3(3), 4(2)
1/31(3),
1/31(2),
1/31(2),
1/31(2),
1/31(2),
1/26(2),
1/26(2),
1/26(2),
1/26(2),
2/1(2)
2/1(2)
2/1(2)
2/H2)
2/1(2)
27(2),
27(2),
27(2),
27(2),
, 2(2)
. 2(2)
, 2(2)
, 2(2)
, 2(2)
28(2)
28(2)
28(2)
28(2)
Maximum
no
2,700
4
11,000
2,300
430
5
25,000
9,000
28,000
2,700
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
Log Mean
5,400
>46,000
32
8,500,000
110,000
140,000
<630
12,000,000
3,600,000
7,800,000
1,200,000
Minimum
300
60
<4
6,600,000
<100
59,000
70
6,000,000
1 ,700,000
960,000
710,000
Fecal Coliforms MF Count/100 ml
Maximum
2,600
88,000
30
1 ,200,000
22,000
2,400
<1 ,000
2,500,000
720,000
11,000,000
3,000,000
Log Mean
120
>910
<9
840,000
<3,700
860
<34
1,300,000
510,000
3,800,000
170,000
Minimum
4
4
<4
470,000
<100
300
<4
940,000
310,000
140,000
63,000
Number in parentheses indicates the number of samples  collected  that  date.

-------
                                                         TABLE 1-10

                                                     SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THE  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                       AUGUST  1971-FEBRUARY 1972
Map
Name of Facility^'
                               Discharge To
                BOD Removal
                Efficiency
                 (Percent)
              Disinfection
                         Findings
  M-l
  M-2
  M-3
  M-4
Littleton
(RM 327.6)
 Englewood
 (RM 325.1)
South Lakewood Sanitation
District
(RM 318.9)
South Platte
River
South Platte
River
South Platte
River
  76
 See
Findings
  69
Wheatridge Sanitation
District
(RM 311.1/7.70)
Clear Creek
  54
Adequate       The average BOD removal effi-
               ciency was below the minimum
               established by the State of
               Colorado.  Disinfection was
               adequate except on one occasion.

Inadequate     This plant was under expansion
               during the survey.  Expanded
               capacity of the plant will be
               12 mgd.

Adequate      ' 1. The average BOD removal ef-
               ficiency was below the minimum
               established by the State of
               Colorado because of hydraulic
               overloading.
               2. The plant is presently under
               expansion to a design capacity
               of 1.8 mgd (the flow observed
               at the time of the survey).

Inadequate     1. The average BOD removal ef-
               ficiency was below the minimum
               established by the State of
               Colorado.
               2. Plant operation is poor and
               additional operator training
               is required.
               3. The entire flow of this
               plant could be diverted into
               the Metro system.
                                                                                                                              rv>
                                                                                                                              cn

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                                                 TABLE 1-10 (Continued)
                                                  SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Map

Key- Name of Facility^'
M-5 Clear Creek Valley
AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
BOD Removal
Efficiency
Discharge To (Percent) Disinfection Findings
Clear Creek 94 Inadequate This plant treats only 2.5 mgd
i
ro
en


M-6
           Sanitation District
           (RM 311.1/7.0)
Arvada
(RM 3.11.1/6.7/0.2)
               Ralston Creek
                   86
M-7
B'aker Water and
District
(RM 311.1/3.40)
Sanitation
Clear Creek
79
               and the feasibility of con-
               tinued operation is question-
               able. •   -               -.

Adequate       1. Operation and maintenance ••
               has improved since the studies
               of the South Platte River Basin
               Project.
               2. Treatment is adequate; how-
               ever, only 25 .percent of wastes
               from Arvada are treated by the
               plant (2.5 mgd are diverted to
               Metro).  The feasibility of
               continued operation is question-
               able.                    .

Adequate       1. Operation and maintenance
               has improved since the studies
               by the South Platte River
               Basin Project.
               2. Continued operation is
               questionable.  Approximately
               half of the flows received are
               treated (0.8 mgd are diverted
               to Metro).
               3. During the survey, an ex-
               cessive amount of chlorine was
               being added to the effluent to
               reduce the number of coliform
               bacteria.  This practice is
               considered wasteful and could
               have possible detrimental
               effects on the receiving waters.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10 (Continued)

                                                    SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS  IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
Map
Name of
                                 W
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
Findings
  M-8        North Denver Wastewater        Metro              29
             Treatment Plant
  M-9        Metropolitan Denver Sewage     South Platte       75
             Disposal District              River
             (RM 312.3)
                                                                          Primary wastewater treatment
                                                                          facility with total effluent
                                                                          flow pumped to the Metro plant.

                                                           Inadequate     1.  Adequate treatment was not
                                                                          being provided by the Metro
                                                                          plant for BOD and suspended
                                                                          solids removal.  Including
                                                                          removals at the Northside
                                                                          plant, BOD removals for Denver
                                                                          Metro ranged from 63 percent
                                                                          to  96 percent on a daily
                                                                          average and were below the
                                                                          State requirement of 80 per-
                                                                          cent removal 20 percent of the
                                                                          time.  Suspended solids re-
                                                                          moval ranged between 39 per-
                                                                          cent and 95 percent.  Removals
                                                                          were highest during the week-
                                                                          end when the overloading con-
                                                                          ditions were minimal.
                                                                          2.  The Denver Metro plant is
                                                                          overloaded hydraulically and
                                                                          organically. The plant is
                                                                          designed for 117 mgd.  Peak
                                                                          flows of 180 mgd were recorded
                                                                          during the survey. The average
                                                                          BOD loading observed (182,000
                                                                          Ib/day) was 110 percent of the
                                                                          design loading.  Four of the
                                                                          twelve aeration basins are
                                                                          being used for sludge diges-
                                                                          tion instead of wastewater
                                                                          treatment.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10 (Continued)
                                                     SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS  IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
                                                                                                                 i
                                                                                                                 r\i
                                                                                                                 CO
Map Key-
                                 b/
    Name of. Facility—'
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
          Findings
  K-9-
Metropolitan Denver (Continued)
  M-10
South Adams Water and
Sanitation District.
(RM. 306.7)
South Platte
River
   73
 Adequate
3.  Sludge handling capacity at
Metro is a problem; this in-
inadequacy affects plant per-
formance in producing a satis-
factory effluent.
4. Adequate disinfection was
not provided, as fecal coliform
bacteria in the effluent
ranged from 230-430,000 organ-
isms/100 ml.
5. The Metro, and Northside plants
are under, different management,
making effective operation dif-
ficult.  The Northside plant
effluent constitutes the major
input to Metro and operational
difficulties at Northside af-
fect Metro significantly.

1. The plant did not provide
adequate BOD and suspended
solids removal. The low re-
moval efficiencies were due
to a high carry-over of sus-
pended solids in the effluent.
2. During the survey, an ex-
cessive amount of chlorine
was being added to the effluent
to reduce the number of coli-
form bacteria. This practice is
considered wasteful and could
have possible detrimental ef-
fects on the receiving water.

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                                                 TABLE I- 10 (Continued)
                                                  SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                           MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
BOD Removal
. ,, Efficiency
Map Key^ Name of Facility— Discharge To (Percent)
M-ll Brighton South Platte 68
(RM 295\8) River (see
findings)
Disinfection Findings
Inadequate The Plant did not conform to
criteria for BOD removal. It
was under expansion at the
time of the survey.
2. Laboratory facilities have
been provided but are not used
to provide the most efficient
operation of the plant.
M-12
M-13
Fort Lupton
(RM 287.6)

Boulder - East Pearl
Street Plant
(RM 270.0/17.4/21.3)
South Platte
River

Boulder Creek
65
M-14
Boulder - 75th
Street Plant
(RM 270.0/17.4/17.8)
 Boulder Creek
77
             Adequate       Treatment is adequate
Adequate       1. The plant did not conform
               to criteria for BOD removal.
               Digesters were out of oper-
               and sludge was being stored
               in the primary clarifier.
               2. Operational changes were
               planned to improve BOD and
               suspended solids removals.

Adequate       1. The plant did not conform
               to criteria for BOD removal.
               2. Expansion should correct
               problems observed during the
               survey. Plant will be expanded
               to 15.6 mgd.
               3. Infiltration in the older
               portion of the collection
               system contributes to hydraulic
               overloading.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10  (Continued)
                                                    SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN  THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
                                                                                                                             CO
                                                                                                                            ~o
Map Key-
                                 b/
    Name of Facility-'
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
Findings
  M-15
Lyons
(RH 270.0/34.3)
St. Vrain
Creek
  M-16
Longmont
(R.M 270.0/22.3)
St. Vrain
Creek
   63
  M-17
Loveland
(RH 260.A/24.5)
Big Thompson
River
   63
 Adequate       1. The BOD and suspended solids
                loadings cause no adverse ef-
                fect on St. Vrain Creek.
                2. Disinfection procedures are
                adequate when equipment is
                operating.

 None           1. The plant did not conform to
                criteria for BOD removal.
                2. Chlorinatipn facilities were
                not in operation during the
                survey.
                3. The ABF plant was opeating
                as a high-rate trickling filter
                because of operational problems
                with the filter.
                4. The effluent from the
                facility was essentially the
                entire flow of St. Vrain Creek
                because of an upstream diver-
                sion.
                5. The design capacity is
                limited by pumping capability.
                At peak flows, primary clari-
                fier effluent overflows into
                the outfall line.

 Inadequate     1. Plant did not conform to
               - criteria for BOD removal.
                2. The discharge from the plant
                results in water quality de-
                gradation of the Big Thompson
                River.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10 (Continued)

                                                     SUMMARY  OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
Map
                                 b/
    Name of Facility11'
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
          Findings
  M-18
  M-19
  M-21
Fort Collins
Plant No. 1
(RM 249.0/44.1)
Fort Collins
Plant No. 2
(RM 249.0/40.2)
Greeley
(RM 249.0/5.3)
  M-22
Fort Morgan
(RM 195.2)
Cache la
Poudre River
Cache la
Poudre River
Cache la
Poudre River
   70
 Inadequate
   82
 Adequate
   43
 Inadequate
South Platte
River
   72
 None
1. Plant did not conform to
criteria for BOD removal.
2. Water quality degradation
occurred downstream from the
effluent discharge.

1. Plant met or exceeded all
State requirements.
2. Water quality degradation
occurred downstream from the
effluent discharge.

Average BOD removal efficiency
was below the minimum estab-
lished by the State of Colorado
due to gross organic over-
loading of the plant. The major
portion of the organic load is
received from the Monfort of
Colorado packing plant.

1. Plant did not conform to
criteria for BOD removal
because of high organic waste
loads from American Beef
Packers, Inc.
2. Plant is under expansion.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10 (Continued)
                                                   SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS  IN THE  SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY  1972
                                                                                                                 i
                                                                                                                 oo
                                                                                                                 ro
Map
                                 b/
    Name of Facility^
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
          Findings
  M-23
Brush
(RM 185.6)
South Platte
River
   84
 None
  M-24
Sterling
(RM 148.6)
South Platte
River
   67
 Inadequate
1. Plant meets minimum re-
quirements of State for BOD
removal, but the effluent load_
to the stream is high.
2. Plant is not providing ef-
fluent chlorination.
3. The Sigman Meat Company
contributes more than 70 per-
cent of the BOD load and more
than 50 percent of the sus-
pended solids load received
by the Brush plant.  Grease
from the meat company also
causes mechanical difficulties
at the plant.

1. Average BOD removal ef-
ficiency was below the minimum
established by the State of
Colorado, due to organic over-
loading.
2. The Sterling Beef Packing
Company contributes the major
portion of -the waste load to  •
the Sterling plant and over-
loads it organically.
3. Laboratory analyses pre-
formed at the Sterling plant
are not adequate.

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                                                   TABLE 1-10 (Continued)

                                                     SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
                             MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN
                                                  AUGUST 1971-FEBRUARY 1972
Map
                                 b/
    Name of Facility-'
Discharge To
BOD Removal
Efficiency
 (Percent)
Disinfection
Findings
  M-25
Julesburg
(RM 86.9)
South Platte
River
   69
 Inadequate     1. The plant did not conform
                to criteria for BOD removal.
                2. The plant receives very
                little operation and main-
                tenance.
a_l Unless noted as sanitation districts, facilities are municipally operated.
b_/ Individual reports are contained in "Technical Appendix on Municipal Waste-Source Evaluation, Water Quality Investigations
   in the South Platte River Basin, Colorado, 1971-72" with the exception of Metropolitan Denver Sewer Disposal District No. 1
   and Greeley Wastewater Treatment Plant which are discussed in reports entitled "Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality
   of the South Platte River-Denver Metropolitan Area, June 1972" and "Effects of Waste Discharges on Water Quality of the
   Cache la Poudre and South Platte Rivers-Greeley Area, February 1972."
                                                                                                                                i
                                                                                                                                CO
                                                                                                                                CO

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