oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EMBReport81-CUS-17
May 1982
Air
Visible
Emissions
Converter
Secondary Hooding
Emission
Test Report
Asarco
Hayden, Arizona
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DCN 82-222-018-06-16
RCN 222-018-06
VISIBLE EMISSIONS CONVERTER
SECONDARY HOODING
EMISSION TEST REPORT
ASARCO
HAYDEN, ARIZONA
by
Craig S. Beskid
Larry 0. Edwards
RADIAN CORPORATION
8501 Mo-Pac Blvd.
P.O. Box 9948
Austin, Texas 78766
EPA Contract No. 68-02-3542
Work Assignment No. 6
Project Officer
Frank R. Clay
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Emission Measurement Branch
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
June 18, 1982
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CONTENTS
Section Page
1 INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Process Description 2
2 VISIBLE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS 6
2.1 Methodology , 6
2.1.1 Method 9 6
2.1.2 Method 22 7
2.2 Limitations of the Methods 8
2.3 Testing Personnel 9
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 10
3.1 Comparison of Similar Sources 10
3.1.1 Method 9 10
3.1.2 Method 22 15
3.2 Comparison of Observers 16
REFERENCES 19
APPENDIX A 20
APPENDIX B 66
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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
The purpose of this project was to evaluate, using methods of visual
detection, the performance of the converter hood capture system at the ASARCO
copper smelter in Hayden, Arizona. Results from the visible emissions test-
ing are to be used for revision of the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
for the primary copper industry. A review of the data and conditions existing
inside the converter building indicate that neither the data generated nor
the methods employed are suitable for evaluating the performance of converter
hood capture efficiency; A system using transmissometers may be utilized
instead, and such a system is currently under development by the EPA.
The hood capture system consists of a proprietary combination of primary
and secondary hoods. The testing was performed using visible emission obser-
vations of the particulate matter escaping capture by the hooding. The sulfur
dioxide (S02) emissions were then taken to be proportional to the visible
particulate fugitives. Representatives from Radian Corporation and the
Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(EPA/OAQPS) visited the ASARCO copper smelter from September 28 through
October 2, 1981 to gather the data included in this report. ASARCO also
provided its own smoke readers during the test to duplicate the data gathered
during the EPA test effort; however, none of the ASARCO data are included in
this report. Data sheets from this work are reproduced in the Appendix.
1.1 Background
The ASARCO Copper Smelter at Hayden, Arizona began production in 1912.
Since then, the plant has been enlarged repeatedly, with the most recent
additions occurring during the 1970's. ASARCO's Hayden plant now has an
annual charge capacity of 90,000 tons of raw materials. The smelter has 12
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roasters, two reverberatory furnaces, five converters, two anode furnaces
and casting facilities, and an acid plant. The plant also operates a power
plant producing 50 percent of the plant's electricity from the waste heat
of the reverberatory furnaces.
1.2 Process Description
The production of blister copper from ore concentrates at the ASARCO
Hayden smelter follows the traditional pyrometallurgical practices of the
copper smelting industry. There are three main operations:
Roasting to remove a fraction of the sulfur content of the
ore.
Smelting of the ore concentrate to form the copper-bearing
matte.
Oxidizing the matte in a converter to form blister copper.
This final step in the production of blister copper is performed in
Fierce-Smith converters, which consist of a cylindrical steel shell mounted
on trunnions at either end and which is rotated about its major axis. An
opening in one side of the converter functions as a mouth through which
molten matte, siliceous flux, and scrap copper are charged to the converter
and gaseous products are vented. Air or oxygen enriched air is blown through
the molten metal; FeS is oxidized and the resulting oxide combines with the
flux to form a slag, which floats on the surface.
After blowing, relatively pure Cu2S is collected in the bottom of the
converter. Slag is skimmed from the top and a renewed air blast oxidizes the
sulfide sulfur to S02 leaving blister copper in the converter. Figure 1-1
shows the position of the primary hooding during charging, blowing, and
skimming.
During the blowing phase, flue gases containing particulates and S02 are
captured by the hooding system. The hooding system was evaluated during the
entire blowing phase.
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CHARGING
BLOWING
SKIMMING
Figure 1-1. Copper Converting Operation
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The primary hood covers the converter mouth opening. To prevent the
hood from freezing to the converter due to splashing of molten metal, there
is a gap between the hood and the vessel. Draft control devices maintain a
negative pressure at the gap to draw air in for cooling and to prevent
fugitive emissions.
Significant fugitive emissions occur during charging and pouring and when
the primary hooding is retracted to allow crane access. The secondary hood-
ing encloses the entire converter and is designed to remove emissions not
captured by the primary hood, especially during charging and pouring opera-
tions. The primary and secondary hoods combine to increase the amount of
fugitive emission captured.
Figure 1-2 gives a process flow diagram of a typical copper smelter, and
identifies the contribution of each type of smelting unit operation to total
production.
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ENTERING THE SYSTEM
LEAVING THE SYSTEM
HAW rnw rFMTTirtTF*! ._,._ ,.-^^
MATERIAL HIGH
IN COPPER
ROASTER
(MULTIPLE-HEARTH
OR FLUIOIZED BED)
1
SMELTING FURNACE
REVERBERATOHY
MATTE i
! 1
| SLAG
CONVERTER
BLISTER
COPPER
t
FIRE-REFINING FURNACE
ANODE
COPPER
CASTING WHEEL
TO CONTROL EQUIPMENT AND STACK
20-50% of S02 Production
__^_^M. p A
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SECTION 2
VISIBLE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
2.1 Methodology
Two visible emissions methods were employed in the testing at the ASARCO
Hayden copper smelter. The technique of EPA Method 9, "Visual Determination
of the Opacity of Emissions from Stationary Sources" was used to determine
the opacity of fugitive hood emissions. The technique of proposed EPA
Method 22, "Visual Determination of Fugitive Emissions from Material Process-
ing Sources" was used to determine the accumulated time that fugitive emis-
sions were observed escaping the converter hood system.
During the blowing phase, each converter hooding system was evaluated
by at least two observers from approximately the same position, using the
technique of EPA Methods 9 and 22 simultaneously. Observations were not
recorded during converter roll-out for charging, slag skimming, or pouring.
All observations were made from a position approximately 40 feet directly
across the converter aisle from each of the converters observed or the nearest
obtainable position directly across the aisle. Methods 9 and 22 are dis-
cussed in detail below.
2.1.1 Method 9
A certified observer is generally used by control agencies to evaluate
the opacity of an emission. The observers are instructed at opacity training
schools. In order to become certified, observers must evaluate plume opacity
with ±7.5 percent accuracy relative to transmissometer measurement of plume
opacity. Upon passing the course, they are certified by the school as capable
of evaluating the plume opacity by visual inspection.
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When observing a plume, Method 9 requires that the observer stand:
at a distance from the plume sufficient to provide a clear
view of the emissions,
with the line of vision approximately perpendicular to the
the plume direction, and
with the sun oriented in the quadrant at the observer's back.
The method also requires that readings be made at 15 second intervals
over a minimum six minute period at the point of greatest opacity in the
plume. The average of these 24 readings is reported as the average visual
opacity.
For the purpose of this study, modifications to Method 9 were necessary.
First, Method 9 was performed indoors. This made a proper position relative
to the emissions, the light source, and the background difficult to obtain.
The emissions were read most often with light from behind the emissions as
the emissions escaped the hooding system. All opacity observations were read
consistently using a tank approximately ten feet above the converter hood
system as background. Other modifications to Method 9 include:
cable slot leak emissions opacities were not recorded, and
observations were halted during crane passes, excessive
visual interferences, and converter roll-out for charging
or slag skimming.
2.1.2 Method 22
This method is used to determine the amount of time that any fugitive
visible emissions occur during the observation period. Fugitive emissions
include emissions that:
escape capture by process equipment exhaust hoods,
are emitted during material transfer, buildings housing
material processing or handling equipment, and
are emitted directly from process equipment.
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Since this procedure does not require certification according to Method 9,
a trained opacity observer is not required. However, it is necessary that
the observers be educated in the general procedures for determining the
opacity of emissions. Four Method 9 certified observers performed all the
Method 22 testing. The modifications to Method 22 are identical to the
modifications previously listed for the Method 9 observations.
2.2 Limitations of the Methods
Both Methods 9 and 22 were modified for conditions at the ASARCO Hayden
copper smelter. The modifications to each method were made to minimize
method limitations and to include process dependent effects on emissions,
light deficiencies, and observer positions. The extent of these modifica-
tions were determined during the observations at the converter hoods.
Effectively, the first two days of observations included a method modifica-
tion phase. The modifications and limitations of the method, including their
effect on the observations, is discussed below.
Method 9 Limitations
Visible emissions best evaluated by this method are from stack plumes.
At the ASARCO copper smelter, fugitive emissions were observed.
The procedures for Method 9 specify outdoor observations. Observations
at the ASARCO smelter were performed indoors. Indoor observations tend to
decrease opacity readings due to a decrease in the amount of light and back-
ground contrast.
Method 9 procedures include provisions for a cyclic process such as a
varying boiler load. However, sudden large changes to flow rates, such as
during the blowing phase for the converters, are not part of the method.
The flow rate changes at each converter hood caused short-term opacities to
vary widely.
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Other limitations to obtaining an accurate opacity assessment of the
fugitive converter hood emissions are listed below.
inability to obtain proper observer position relative
to the light source,
inconsistent amount of light, and
visible emissions interferences due to hood leaks and other
sources (increases observed opacity).
Method 22 Limitations
The most significant modifications and limitations to the Method 22 ob-
servations are listed below.
visible emissions interferences due to hood leaks and
other sources (increased recorded emission time),
less than adequate amount of light «100 lux, decreases
visibility of emissions), and
inability to attain proper observer position relative to
light source (may increase or decrease visibility of
emissions, highly dependent on position of light source).
2.3 Testing Personnel
The actual testing was conducted from September 29 through October 1,
1981. All testing was performed by certified visible emissions observers
supplied by Radian Corporation and EMB. Table 2-1 lists observers' qualifi-
cations.
TABLE 2-1. VISIBLE EMISSIONS OBSERVERS
Name
Mike A. Palazzolo
Gary W. Brooks
Craig S. Beskid
Frank R. Clay
Title
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Task Mgr.
Initials
MAP
GWB
CSB
FRC
Affiliation
Radian Corp .
Radian Corp.
Radian Corp.
EPA
Cert.
Date
9-16-81
9-16-81
9-23-81
7-23-81
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SECTION 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The converter hood visible emissions testing program focused on three
converters at the ASARCO copper smelter. Converters 3, 4, and 5 were evalu-
ated using the techniques of Method 9 and 22. Data collected By all four ob-
servers on each of the three converter hoods was compared, first looking for
differences between similar sources (converter hoods) and again to look for
differences between observers.
The observational data are collected into four tables, Tables 3-1 through
3-4. The data are also displayed on a summary chart for each day, Figures 3-1
through 3-3. The charts show the time of day, which observations were made,
the observer, the Method (9 or 22), the converter number, and the average
value of the data generated.
The results in the tables and charts are different presentations of the
same sampling efforts. Although the sampling duration appears to be longer
on the charts (than in the tables), the tables represent only the time during
which the observations were made. The time on the charts represents the total
duration that the observer was on station. Averages in the tables are based
upon number of valid observations (not on total time).
3.1 Comparison of Similar Sources
3.1.1 Method 9 (Table 3-1)
Converter Hood Number 3
Based on 96 readings by Frank R. Clay of EPA, the average opacity of
converter hood number 3 was ten percent. Based on a lesser number of readings,
10
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TIME
CONVERTER # 3 uunvtJi'iEK t 5
Method 9* Method 22** Method 9* Method 22**
0800 -
15 -
30 -
45 -
0900 -
15 -
30 -
45 -
1000
15 -
30 -
45 -
1100 -
15 -
30 -
45 -
1200
15
30
45
1300
15
30
45
1400
15
30
45 -
1500
15 -
30
45
1600
15
30
45
1700
15
30
45
.
-
-
-
-
10Z-FRC
~"
5Z-MAP
.
-
..
.
' 33Z-MAP
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
OZ-CSB
'
OZ-GWB
OZ-FRC
"1
} 18Z-GWB
vj
'
3Z-CSB
' 53Z-MAP
Percent opacity - Initials of reader.
Percent of time fugitive amissions occured - readers initials.
Figure 3-1. Daily Method 9 and 22 reading charts for
Wednesday, September 29, 1981
11
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TIME
# 4
EE #5
Method 9*
Method 22** Method 9* Method 22**
oaoo
15
30
45
0900
15
30
45
1000
15
30
45 -
1100
15
30
45 -
1200
15
30 -
45 -
1300 -
15
30
45
1400
15
30
45
1500
15
30
45
1600
15
30
45
1700
15 -
30 -
45 -
A ) ;
5Z-CSB
OZ-FRC
i
40Z-FRC
' OZ-GWB
' (20 min.) '
-
_
-
-
. 17Z-CWB
. 41Z-MAP
' 15Z-CWB
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
' >\ '
10Z-CSB
/
-
.
.
-
-
. OZ-FRC
-
-
. 48Z-MAP
18Z-GWB
4Z-GWB
37Z-MAP
Percent opacity - initials of reader.
Percent of time fugitive emissions oecoxed - readers initials.
Figure 3-2. Daily Method 9 and 22 reading charts for
Thursday, September 30, 1981
12
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TIME
0300
15 -
30 -
45 -
0900 -
15 -
30 -
45
1000
15 -
30
45 -
1100
15 -
30
45 -
1200
15.
30 -
45
1300
15
30 -
45
1400
15
30
45
1500
15
30
45 -
1600
15
30
45
1700 -
15
30
45
COS7EB.TER # 4 COHVE
Method 9* Method 22** Method 9*
' V
20Z-FRC
25Z-CSB '
.J
40Z-FRC
' 5Z-CSB
.
15Z-FRC '
' 32Z-CWB
37Z-MAP
' 10Z-GWB
J 18Z-GHB
)'
5Z-MAP
'
5Z-CSB
t 5
Method 22*
;]
7Z-GWB
8Z-MAP
Percent opacity - initials of reader.
Percent of time fugitive emissions occured - readers initials.
Figure 3-3. Daily Method 9 and 22 reading charts for
Friday, October 1, 1981
13
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the average opacity of converter hood number 3 reported by Mr. Palazzolo was
five percent.
Converter Hood Number 4
The most observations (408 readings) were made by Frank R. Clay of EPA;
he reported an average opacity of converter hood number 4 of ten percent.
The average opacity reported by Mr. Beskid and Mr. Brooks was ten percent and
zero percent, respectively.
Converter Hood Number 5
The most observations (168 readings) were again made by Frank R. Clay
of EPA, and his average opacity of converter hood number 5 was zero percent.
Mr. Brooks reported an average opacity of zero percent. Mr. Beskid reported
a five percent average opacity.
TABLE 3-1. METHOD 9 OBSERVER SPECIFIC CONVERTER HOOD COMPARISON
Observer
FRC
FRC
FRC
MAP
MAP
MAP
GWB
GWB
GWB
CSB
CSB
CSB
Converter
Hood Number
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
Observation
Time (minutes)
24
102
42
24
24
36
__
42
20
Average*
Opacity %
10
10
0
5
0
0
10
5
*0pacities are reported in 5% increments consistent with Method 9 procedures.
14
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Table 3-1 shows that converter hood number 5 had the lowest average
opacity. The average opacity based on 42 minutes of observation by Frank R.
Clay of EPA for converter hood number 5 was zero percent. For the same obser-
ver the average opacity for converter hoods numbers 3 and 4 was ten percent.
These observations indicate that converter hood number 5 captures more fugi-
tive PM than either hood 3 or hood 4._
3.1.2 Method 22 (Table 3-2)
Converter Number 3
Based on about 27 minutes of observations by Mike A. Palazzolo of Radian
Corporation, visible emissions were observed escaping the hood capture system
33 percent of the time (9 minutes). No other observations were made on
converter no. 3.
Converter Number 4
For comparison, based on about 57 minutes of observation by Mike A.
Palazzolo of Radian Corporation, visible emissions were observed escaping
the hood capture system 41 percent of the time (23.5 minutes).
Converter Number 5
For comparison, based on about 2 hours of observation by Mike A.
Palazzolo of Radian Corporation, visible emissions were observed escaping the
hood capture system 33 percent of the time (38.5 minutes).
Table 3-2 summarizes the Method 22 converter hood observations for each
observer. Based upon the observations of Mr. Palazzolo (who made the most
Method 22 observations), hoods number 3 and 5 allow fugitive emissions to
escape at approximately the same frequency. Converter hood number 4 allows
fugitive emissions to escape more frequently.
15
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TABLE 3-2. METHOD 22 OBSERVER SPECIFIC CONVERTER HOOD COMPARISON
Observer
MAP
MAP
MAP
GWB
GWB
GWB
CSB
CSB
CSB
Converter
Hood Number
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
Emission
Time
(mintsec)
9:00
23:30
38:30
13:47
8:23
1:11
Observation
Time
(min:sec)
26:40
57:11
118:24
.
74:52
85:03
«._
45:00
Percent Time
of Visible
Emissions
33
41
33
.
18
10
3
3.2 Comparison of Observers
Method 9 (Table 3-3)
Converter hood number 4 was the capture system evaluated by the most ob-
servers. Mr. Clay, Mr. Brooks, and Mr. Beskid made approximately three hours
of observations on converter hood number 4. The average opacity for these
observers varied from zero percent to ten percent opacity; individual inci-
dents ranged from 0 to 40%. The average opacity and observation time for
each observer are shown in Table 3-3. While both Mr. Clay and Mr. Beskid
observed average opacities of 10 percent, Mr. Brooks, whose observation time
was only 24 minutes, observed zero percent.
Method 22 (Table 3-4)
Converter hood number 5 was evaluated over the greatest amount of time.
The amount of time visible emissions were recorded, the observation time, and
the percent of observation time visible emissions occurred are shown in
Table 3-4.
16
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TABLE 3-3. METHOD 9 CONVERTER HOOD SPECIFIC OBSERVER COMPARISON
Observer
FRC
MAP
FRC
GWB
CSB
FRC
GWB
CSB
Converter
Hood Number
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
Observation Time
(minutes)
24
24
102
24
42
42
36
20
Average Opacity
(%)
10
5
10
0
10
0
0
5
TABLE 3-4. METHOD 22 CONVERTER HOOD SPECIFIC COMPARISON
Observer
GWB
MAP
GWB
MAP
CSB
Converter
Hood Number
4
4
5
5
5
Emission
Time
(min:sec)
13:47
23:33
7:43
28:30
1:11
Observation
Time
(min:sec)
74:52
57:11
85:03
138:24
45:00
Percent
Time of
Emission
18
41
9
21
3
Approximately four hours of observations were made (for converter hood
number 5). This method showed the most variation between observers. Based
on 45 minutes of observations, Mr. Beskid's data showed visible emission
escaping from converter hood number 5 only three percent of the time.
Mr. Brooks observed fugitive emissions escaping nine percent of the time.
The majority of observations were made by Mike A. Palazzolo and spanned over
two hours of accumulated time. He observed visible emissions 21 percent of
17
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the time. Because of such variation in the results (a 3 to 21 percent range),
it is difficult to make any meaningful conclusion.
18
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REFERENCES
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Background Information for New Source
Performance Standards; Primary Copper, Zinc, and Lead Smelters, 1974,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Visual Determination of the Opacity of
Emissions from Stationary Sources," 1979, Office of Air Quality Planning
and Standards.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Proposed Method 22, "Visual Determina-
tion of Fugitive Emissions from Material Processing Sources," 1980,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
19
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APPENDIX A
VISIBLE EMISSION OBSERVATION FORMS
20
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ffc
COMPANY
LOCATION
TEST NUMBER
TYPE, F/icu. try Copper
DEVICE'
C f\
FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETCFJ-IIHATION Op OPACITY
PAGE of
HOURS OF OBSERVATION
OBSERVER CERTIFIC/tlON DATE_
OBSERVER AFFILIATION _
POINT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF DISCHARGE POINT_
CLOCK TI'-'.E
0'JV.i.RVFfl LOCATION
Lv;i.tjhcc- to Discharge
K3
M
Direction frotn Discharge
MalQht of Observation Point
EACKGMUNO DESCRIPTION
:^7:!!i'K co;;niTiOMS
'i.'iiyj Dirccticn
V.'ind Spcod
Ar.bient T^mpcrctture
:KV C:;'''iTIO:;s (clear,
ov-rcfist, X clouds, etc,)
P'.ME DESCRIPTION
Initial
,
'
«.
Final
SUMMARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
Number
_, .Til'',;',1
StartEnd
fi.--.-jci-. ''
Si-a
''.vrrano
.Readings ranged from to % opac.ty
The source was/was not in compliance with at
the time evaluation was mnclc,
-------
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE I OF
COMPANY A \
POIMT OF EMISSIus
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r
TEST NUMBER
DATE ** j
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
OBSERVER F.
FARE
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TYPE FACILITY £_
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-//r
Type of PI ant
f
Company Name /} frf A
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
7/2-
Plant Address
Hours of Observation
Observer
STACK OTHER 2
Type of Discharge
Discharge Location
Height of Point of Discharge
Observer's Location:
Distance to Discharge Point
Height of Observation Point
Direction from Discharge Point
Background Description £/c*.c,/t
Weather: Clear Overcast Partly Cloudy Other
Wind Direction J0& /6,-f-S- /«=» /->>^/ Wind Velocity
tf*-£- r.oSJ' /^&-f ffL
Plume Description:
Detached: Yes No /y//4
Color Black (TfivfH? Other
Plume Dispersion Behavior: Looping Coning Fanning
Lofting Fumigating Other
Estimated Distance Plume Visible
Sky Color
*'". <-.
24
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
HIT
i\Q
;i
If
v
t
Company Name
Date
Plant Address
Observer
Stack Location -y 3
c*.
Weather Conditions
e S~f
Observer's
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-------
COMPANY
TEST DUMBER.
F/\CILTjy Po
DEVICE:
FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION Op OPACITY
PAGE of
1±).
HOURS OF OBSERVATION.
OBSERVER f\ (?
OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE,
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COMPANY
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(
LPCA
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DATE
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FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
QUSFRVER F-
PAGE
OF
TVPC FACILITY
POIP.T OF EMISS'IGISS
Of
31
-------
COMPANY,
lOCArTOK
TEST NUMBER.
DATE /
-------
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LOCATION ' '
TEST f-:«JMt
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FIGURE 9-2 OBSEPxVATICi; RECORD PAGE 1 OF
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FIGURE 9-2 03SEr-:V/\7iOH RECORD
LOCATION
TEST NUMBER
DATE /
OBSERVER f. Q. ky
TYPE FACILITY
POINT OF EHISSISrl
Hr.
Min.
Seconds
SlEAM PLUMt
(check If acoli cable)
'15 30 J 45 I Attached I Detached
COMMENTS
34
-------
FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION Op OPACITY
PAGE of
COMPANY
lOCAriW
TEST NUMBER.
Wrt_U2*
TYPE:
e0
COMIROL P£VI Cg /(
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-------
CO'-iPAKY
LOCATION""*]
TEST DUMBER
DATE / o^
FIGURE 9-2 OnSERVATIC;; RECORD
? H ^ c/g. OHSFRYER P.
PAGE i. OF
TYPE FAClLIiV C^
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FIGURE 9-2 03SE\V.r.Tin;-i RECORD
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TEST Ml
DATE j_
y -IQ is f~
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TYPE FACILITY
OF EHIS5~IQM3
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COr-'MEN'TS
37
-------
Type of Plant
Company Name
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
Plant Address
Hours of Observation
Observer
Type of Discharge STACK
Discharge Location ~T~0r>
OTHER
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Coning Fanning
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38
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name X) <5>»xfVS3
Plant Address
Date
Observer
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
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Date
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x
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THER
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Distance to Discharge Point
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40
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
tr
Company Name
Date
Plant Address
Stack Location
Observer
Weather Conditions
00
01
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03
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06
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Company Name
A
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s4
Date
Observer
5*
Observer's
Location
TIME
COMMENTS
-------
Type of Plant
Company Name
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
//
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Plant Address
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43
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Date
Observer
Observer's
Location
TIME
COMMENTS
32>
-------
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Type of Plant
Company Name _
Date
/-&C.<>
Plant Address
Type of Discharge
Discharge Location
Height of Point of Discharge
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Lofting
Estimated Distance Plume Visible
Coning Fanning
Fumigating Other
46
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name _
Plant Address
Stack Location
Heather Conditions
Date
Observer
Observer's
Location
A_
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00
01
02
03
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RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Type of Plant
Company Name
&
Date
Plant Address
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Observer
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48
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Oate
Observer
Observer's
Location
XX
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RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Date
Observer
Observer's
Location
30
31
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FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERJ-IIMATION Op OPACITY
PAGE of
COMPANY
TEST fJUMBER._
DVTE ;?
-------
. FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE / OF
COMPANY
TEST NUMBER
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TYPE FACILITY
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FIGURE 9-2 03SE\VA7inH RECORD
f-r^ T nc i
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COMPANY XLS/ifiCto
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DATE
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TYPE FACILITY
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53
-------
Type of Plant
Company Name
Plant Address
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
Hours of Observation
Observer
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Type of Discharge STACK
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-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
1$
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15
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COMPANY
LOCAF \W.
TEST NUMBER..
CATE \_Qct
TYPE
FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETOTUATION OF OPACITY
PAGE of
.HOURS OF OBSERVATIOM
___ __
OBSERVER CERTIFICATIp^lDATE
OBSERVER AFFILIATIOM _
POINT OF EMISSION'S
HEIGHT OF DISCHARGE POINT_
CLOCK Tl'-.F
Gu'Ji.RVH1. LOCATION
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SUMMARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
Number
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-------
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE ) OF
CO:-;?AHY
TEST ;-:UMBER
DATE /
OBSERVER
TYPE FACILITY
POI:!T OF EMISSlGfiT
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TEST K
T. n
IGURE 9-2 03SET-:V/',Tinr-! RECORD
(Continue!)
OBSERVER
FASE OF
TYPE FACILITY
"POINT OF El-il
ur
"I.
1^5*7
,
r-
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Min.
30
Seconds
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-------
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Type of Plant
Company Name
Plant Address
Date
X
Hours of Observation
Observer
Type of Discharge
Discharge Location
STACK OTHER
Height of Point of Discharge _
Observer's Location:
Distance to Discharge Point
Height of Observation Point
Direction from Discharge Point
/y
Background Description
Weather: Clear Overcast Partly Cloudy Other
Wind Direction ~ Wind Velocity
Plume Description:
Detached: Yes /Na
Color Black ( White/ Other
Plume Dispersion Behavior: Looping
Lofting
U
Estimated Distance Plume Visible
Coning Fanning
Fumigating Other
t c
Sky Color
60
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
~ S
Weather Conditions
Date
Observer
Observer'
Location
jZ^LJ^
3*r -<<*-
"*~ZZ2^>ts*£4j£2-s
TIME
COMMENTS
ICflNflS
~4T
00
01
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02
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03
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04
r;
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06
07
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13
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14
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16
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17
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18
19
20
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21
fl
2£
22
^
14
23
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24
£
25
0
26
27
£1
28
29
f
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
;?OJL
^~
^
Company Name
Date
Plant Address
Observer
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Observer's
Location
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43)
TIME
SECONDS
00 15 30 45
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
fa)
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t
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V
tfto
-
COMMENTS
ff
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?
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0
?
-------
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Type of Plant £of)p*\ ,'
Company Name
Plant Address
Type of Discharge
Discharge Location
Height of Point of Discharge
Observer's Location:
Distance to Discharge Point
Date
Hours of Observation 3 '3^p rt *?'
I
Observer £** P
Height of Observation Point .. /0 S&3'
Direction from Discharge Point ;
Background Description ^/4//s4 "&'**£.
Weather: Clear Overcast Partly Cloudy
/x
Other
Sky Color
Wind Direction __
Plume Description:
Detached: Yes
Color Black
Wind Velocity
No
White
Plume Dispersion Behavior: Looping
Lofting
Estimated Distance Plume Visible
Coning Fanning
Fumigating Other
f
* NO
63
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
J4p-v/CfeM
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
If/Of S
Date
Observer
Observer1 s
Location
TIME
COMMENTS
StCONDS
15 30
45
00
01
0
02
0
0
0
0
'/
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-03
0
04
a
0
05
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08
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16
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0
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17
0
13
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0
19
20
21
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22
23
24
0
0
>
25
26
27
28
29
_0
0
10
0
0
o
0_
O
64
-------
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
Observer
Observer's
Location
J
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
SI
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
00
5
O
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0
5
£
£.
0.
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£c/\<^ T/J ^^^^^^^^S'.og , ^i^?^
-------
APPENDIX B
DATA OBSERVATIONS NOT INCLUDED IN SUMMARY
(Data invalidated)
66
-------
VISIBLE EMISSIONS
INSPECTION
4 S
Location
l"r ^
r? :.>
Inspector t~- i C.
Affiliation
Sky Conditions
Precipitatiqn
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Facility Type
Emission Source
/
CT^3 «>c/ /
Sketch emission source, indicate observer position relative to source; indicate
potential emission points and/or actual emission points.
OBSERVATIONS
Begin Observation
Time
b*U5
Accumulated
Observation
Period
(Min: Sec)
f\," 5 5 ^ret.
-4-
Accumulated
Emission
Time
(Min: Sec)
5
67
-------
VISIBLE EMISSIONS
INSPECTION
Company
Location
Conditions
Precipitation _
Facility Type
Wind Direction
-------
VISIBLE EMISSIONS
INSPECTION
Company
Location
Inspector
Affiliation
Sky Conditions
Precipitation
Q&J
Facility Type
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Emission Source
Sketch emission source, indicate observer position relative to source; indicate
potential emission points and/or actual emission points.
X
OBSERVATIONS
Begin Observation
Time
' 1 3 (.() !
Accumulated
Observation
Period
(Min: Sec)
/
-------
VISIBLE EMISSIONS
INSPECTION
Company /rJv'^^*-7
Location ffsfycfysS **&£+'?.
Sky Conditions fV/^~
Precipitation /V/T" v
C /U2&&/S/&5 ^fa/* 4* ~3+tcfGcj££ /
Facility Type £^>xH^j S/rt-e./'f'&i
/
Inspector &*/£>
Af f i 1 i ati on /2/j-d//},*/'
Wind Direction /Vfl~
Wind Speed /l/>4
Emission Source L&^^f^t &" 2-
^££<3fJ&/Cf\\^ ^foccr^
Sketch emission source, indicate observer position relative to source; indicate
potential emission points and/or actual emission points.
L*&t cf5 Ao&JL
OBSERVATIONS
Begin Observation
Time
Accumulated
Observation
Period
(Hin: Sec)
: 01
Accumulated
Emission
Time
(Min: Sec)
70
-------
FUGITIVE EMISSION INS?ECT1ON
' OUTDCtSn LOCATION
Company r\
Location <-J 4 / ^ <~ <,'
Comoany recresemative
'"'*-*
. C
Observer
Affiliation O . f - te
a
Oat* _£L
conditions
Precipitation «..
Wind direction
Windsoeed
Industry.
Procsa unit.
process unit; indicate observer position relative td source and sun; indicate potential
emission points and/or actuai emission points.
OBSSHVAT10NS
Code
time
Observation
period
duration,
min:j*c
Accumulatsd
emission.
time.
min:s«c
Seoin observation
End observation
-------
VISIBLE EMISSIONS
INSPECTION
Company
Location
Inspector
Af f i 11 ati on
Sky Conditions
Precipitation _
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Faci 1 i ty Type
Emission Source
Sketch emission source, indicate observer position relative to source; indicate
potential emission points and/or actual emission points.
\
'VA
OBSERVATIONS
Begin Observation
Time
"Accumulated
Observation
Period
(Min: Sec)
Accumulated
Emission
Time
(Min: Sec)
*
-fU
72
OH
-------
Type of Plant
Company Name
SUMMARY
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
Plant Address
Hours of Observation
Observer
Type of Discharge STACK
Discharge Location
OTHER
Height of Point of Discharge
Observer's Location:
Distance to Discharge Point
Height of Observation Point
~~) £
Direction from Discharge Point
Background Description
Weather: Clear Overcast (Daftly Cloudy^ Other
Wind Direction ~ Wind Velocity
Plume Description:
Detached: Yes (No.
Color Black (White/ Other
Sky Color
Plume Dispersion Behavior: Looping
Lofting
Estimated Distance Plume Visible
Coning Fanning
Fumigating Other
73
-------
Company Name
Plant Address
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date
Observer
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Observer's
Location
TIME
COMMENTS
SECONDS
00
A
01
lO
3
02
tv
ur/z?
03
/e
04
I
05
/5-;r
06
07
08
09
10
n 10
12
fl?
13
14
£2.
15
y
--i
' X
?»^t. -CS3e***4j
16
17
18
19
20
GO
5-0
21
22
23
£0
24
ifl
7-0
25
10
7
26
27
23
m
29
74
-------
RECORD OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Company Name
Plant Address
Stack Location
Weather Conditions
Date
Observer
Observer's
Location
TIME
COMMENTS
SECONDS
00 15
45
30
31
/£>
32 .7t> UO
to
33
tf
ntjtL
34
/
35
w
36
37
38
(0
fo
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
53
59
/ / ' "?2.
. f/r 5?
75
-------
FIGURE V *>*
P\TE loS^-f ?' _ :_
,
FACtim Co^ar
CONTROL DEVICE: joo/i
HOURS OF OBSERVATION
OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE,
OBSERVER AFFILIATION
POINT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF DIECK^GE POINT_
CLO'.K TIME
Cu'JLRVcH LOCATION
D'itt'jiice to Discharge
CTi
Direction from Discharge
HaiGht of Observation Point
EACXOMUNO DESCRIPTION
i^iiiR cc;:nniONS
'..find Speed
/Vibient Tcniperature
^KV CCvOITIONS (clear,
t, K clouds, etc,)
RLU'-'.E ...PF-SCniPTIOH
.'.rr.1r.rt '
Initial
t
Final
R
T
t
SUMMARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Set
Number
T1,..,,
StartEnd
Or-vjv. v
Su-ni
eadings ranged from to Z opac
he source was A/as not 1n compliance wit
Jia_t.i.IlLe_ evaluation was mndc.
fi.vr«yo
ty
1 2
-------
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE OF
LOCATIQ'f
TEST NUMBER"
Ol'.SFRVER
TYPE
POI:>!T OF EMISS
+ -
77
-------
r
COMPANY
LOCATION"
TEST NUMBER
DATE
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATION RECORD
(Continued)
OBSERVER
PAGE
OF
TYPE FACILITY
POIHT OF EMISSIONS
Hr.
Seconds
STEAM PLUME
(check If anolicable)
Min., 0 I 15 ! 30 j 45 | Attached i Detached
78
-------
FIGURE 9-1
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION Op OPACITY
PAGE of
COMPANY yis/9-tf?r a /My .D <-rV
locAnoK^ra C0Aor-f«?K jv^ocl NI
TEST NUMBER. j
WE ^ 3q.pl- l^fll ' '
is * - K. y ' ' ' ''-' '
TWC F/\cany fW<>r Smaller
CONTROL PEVICC Uood f^
/
-- .' .
*
HOURS OF OBSERVATION
OBSERVER f. C ly
OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE
OBSERVER AFFILIATION
POINT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF DISCHARGE POINT
...,
CLO'X Tl'-lF
oi/juvzr: LOCATIOM
Lvittaitcc- to Discharge
^
^3
Direction from Discharge
f'^lG'ic of Obrervatlon Point
CACKGMUND DESCRIPTION
I'^iit-R cc;;niTioNs
IJind Spood
Ar.tient
:KY C'-.'ITIOiJS (clear,
ov-rcdst, ^ clouds, etc,)
#
P'.U'-E DESCRIPTION
Initial
Final
SUMMARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
Number
StartEnd
I
.Readings ranged from
to
__ ?; opac ty
The source was/was not in compliance with
the time evaluation v/as made,
-------
(
Cff-P/flY
LOCATION
TEST KUMBER /
FIGURE 9-2 OBSERVATIGIi RECORD PAGE / OF:'
Ai~ OBSERVER R 0. /Ay/
TYPE FACILITY
POZf!T OF gHS
Hr.
/or/
Mln.
0
-1
2
3
4
5
0
7
8
9 1
10 J
11
12
T n
i O
0
<9
£>
c
0
Q
_S"
o
o
fC
1°
Bf-
^
/S
/°
' 14 1^"
15
15
17
IS
19
20
21
22
5-
^
<
5
s
/o
^
JT
23 IS"
24
7 C
r- .
^n
i 27
28
29
O
/o
/°
Seconds
1 5 30
0
O
0
fe
o
o
'O
0
ft
V
/
D
o
a
o
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^
^
/^
f
fJ
1*
/D
-------
FIGURE 9-2 03SE\Vf.TIOri RECORD
cr.^r v nc
i .-.. iv^ Ui
LOCATIGfT
TEST HUMBER~T
OBSERVER fr. C
TYPE FACILITY _
POINT OF EHISSlOriW 0~ia«r
>y
33
Hr.
Kin.
Seconds
0 151 30 i 45
30 IAO
31
32 1.5-
33 I £T
34
S*
37
33
39
40
4-3
44
45
46
47
43
51 b-..-i rLu.-ic
(check if acoll cable)
Attached Oatachsd
/S
/o
O
/o
/a
/S"
I/O
o
O 1 .0 I O
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
TIT
m:
i 59
0 O
ro
-t?
o
o
-Co
COr'MENTS
M7 ^5 OT"
fr
i+4
ro cfo/ja-^ig.
r
0
0
0
81
------- |