WRSIC 72 - 209
LAKE ERIE
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
OFFICE OF WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20240
-------
BIBLIOGRAPHY SERIES
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC.
71-200
71-201
71-202
71-203
71-2011
71-205
71-206
71-208
71-209
71-210
WRSIC 71-211
WRSIC 71-212
WRSIC 71-213
WRSIC 71-214
PHREATOPHYTES PB 198305
STRONTIUM IN WATER PB 201268
TRACE ELEMENTS IN WATER PB 201266
URBANIZATION AND SEDIMENTATION PB 203188
COPPER IN WATER PB 201269
MANGANESE IN WATER PB 201270
MAGNES'lUM IN WATER PB 201271
ZINC IN WATER PB 201272
ARSENIC AND LEAD IN WATER PB 202578
INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF WATER
RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PB 202862
DDT IN WATER
LEGAL ASPECTS OF DRAINAGE
IN NEW ENGLAND PB 208219
LEGAL ASPECTS OF WATER POL-
LUTION IN NEW ENGLAND
DETERGENTS IN WATER PB 206527
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
WRSIC
72-201
72-202
72-203
72-204
72-205
72-206
72-207
72-208
72-209
72-212
PCB IN WATER PB 206534
DIELDRIN IN WATER PB 207339
ALDRIN AND ENDRIN IN WATER
AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF PB 207514
CHROMIUM IN WATER
LEGAL ASPECTS OF WATER POL-
LUTION IN DELAWARE, MARY-
LAND AND VIRGINIA
MERCURY IN WATER PB 206535
SOIL NITROGEN CYCLE
LAKE ERIE
LAKE ONTARIO
NOTE: Those bibliographies having PB numbers are
available from the National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, Virginia 22151 - price:
$3.00 in paper copy; 95£ in microfiche.
-------
United States Department of the Interior
OFFICE OF WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20240
Dear Sir:
Using its computer-retrieval program, the Water Resources
Scientific Information Center of the Office of Water Resources
Research has produced the enclosed topical bibliography for
the benefit of the water resources community. This biblio-
graphy and those listed inside the front cover are the first
of a series designed to exploit the Center's rapidly expanding
information base. As the comprehensiveness of this information
base increases, it is expected that the production of periodic
bibliographies on the more urgent topics in the water resources
field will increase.
We will appreciate any comments you might care to make regarding
improvements, 'usefulness, timeliness, and coverage. We would
also welcome suggestions for additional topics to be considered
for this type of treatment.
Sincerely yours,
H. Garland Hershey
Director
la I?
\fi is.
JUL251972
PUNNING BRANCH- Region V
F/tS N
-------
WRSIC 72-209
June 1972
LAKE ERIE
A BIbllography
CONTENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY (white pages) 1
SIGNIFICANT DESCRIPTOR INDEX (blue pages) 223
AUTHOR INDEX (green pages) 239
Water Resources Scientific Information Center
Office of Water Resources Research
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Washington D.C. 202UO
-------
INTRODUCTION
LAKE ERIE is another In a series of planned
bibliographies in water resources to be produced whol1y
from the information base comprising only SELECTED WATER
RESOURCES ABSTRACTS (SWRA). At the time of search for
this bibliography/ the data base had Ul/521 abstracts
covering SWRA through May 15, 1972 (Volume 5, Number 10).
ARRANGEMENT
Bib!iography (white pages)
Abstracts with full bibliographic details are listed in
ascending ACCESSION NUMBER order.
Significant Descriptor Index (blue pages)
This index is made up of a fraction of the total
, descriptors and identifiers by which each paper in this
*•» bibliography has been indexed. It represents weighted
^ terms that best describe the information content; this
§ status is indicated by the asterisks which precede them.
r-
Author Index (green pages)
All authors are indexed; each is keyed to the page/
instead of to the accession number.
USING THE INDEX
Having thought of a few keywords describing your subject
matter interest/ scan the middle rank for their presence.
Then note the number on the right margin. This number
locates the full record in the bibliography section which
is arranged in ascending ACCESSION NUMBER order. .
COMMAND ?
i i
-------
AVAILABILITY OF COPIES
THE CENTER DOES NOT SUPPLY COPIES OF DOCUMENTS
LISTED IN THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY
Some of the documents are shown to be available from the
National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Virginia 22151; please cite the PB number when ordering.
Other reports may be obtained from publishers or from
local libraries on loan or in reproduction.
IV
-------
FLOOD PLAIN INFORMATION CATTARAUGUS CREEK AND THATCHER BROOK, IRVINGt SUNSET
BAY AND GOWANDA, NEW YORK.
US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS* BUFFALO DISTRICT.
US ARMY CORPS OF ENGt BUFFALO DIST, NY, 68 Pt FEB 1968. 17 FIG, 20 PLATE, 14
TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
*FLOODS, DISCHARGE(WATER), *STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONS, *STREAMFLOW,
DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT, SMALL WATERSHEDS, STREAM GAGES, GAGING STATIONS,
FLOW MEASUREMENT, NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE, *FLOOD DAMAGE, FLOODWAYS, *FLOOD
PROTECTION.
IDENTIFIERS:
FLOOD PEAK, *ANNUAL FLOOD, *FLOOD DATA, PEAK STAGES, FLOOD FREQUENCIES,
FLOOD MEASUREMENTS, GOWANDA, NY.
ABSTRACT:
A STUDY WAS MADE OF FLOODING AND FLOOD DAMAGE BETWEEN 1834 AND 1967 ON
CATTARAUGUS CREEK AND ITS TRIBUTARY, THATCHER BROOK, FROM THE MOUTH AT
LAKE ERIE TO MI 19.5. THE GREATEST KNOWN FLOOD ON CATTARAUGUS CREEK,
MARCH 17, 1942, WOULD HAVE CAUSED $140,000 WORTH OF DAMAGE IN 1967. THE
GREATEST KNOWN FLOOD ON THATCHER BROOK, SEPT 1939, WOULD HAVE COST
$131,000 IN ,1967. AVERAGE ANNUAL DAMAGE FROM FLOODING IS $26,300 ON
CATTARAUGUS CREEK AND $4,450 ON THATCHER BROOK AT MAY 1967 PRICE LEVELS
AND DEVELOPMENT. RECORDS OF STAGE AND DISCHARGE ARE AVAILABLE ON
CATTARAUGUS CREEK FROM 1939 TO THE PRESENT. THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOR
THATCHER BROOK. MOST OF THE SERIOUS FLOODING UPSTREAM WAS CAUSED BY
HEAVY RAINS, USUALLY IN SPRING WHEN SNOW IS MELTING AND THE GROUND IS
SATURATED. SERIOUS DOWNSTREAM FLOODS WERE ALL CAUSED BY ICE JAMS ON A
BAR ACROSS THE MOUTH OF CATTARAUGUS CREEK. POTENTIAL FLOOD DAMAGE IS
BEING REDUCED BY VARIOUS CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS INCLUDING REMOVAL OF A
DAM AND PERIODIC DREDGING OF THE BAR. TWENTY-ONE PLATES INCLUDE FLOOD
HYDROGRAPHS, PROFILES, TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, FLOOD
AREA MAPS, AND A MAP OF THE DRAINAGE BASIN OF CATTARAUGUS CREEK.
INFORMATION WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE REPORT AND PRESENTED IN TWO
PAMPHLETS COVERING THE GOWANDA AREA AND THE AREA NEAR THE MOUTH.
FIELD 04A
ACCESSION NO. W68-00023
-------
EUTROPHICATION OF THE ST. LAWRENCE GREAT LAKES*
US BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, ANN ARBOR* MICH.
ALFRED M. BEETON.
LIMNOL OCEANOGRt VOL 10, PP 240-254, JUL 1968. 15 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *FISH POPULATIONS, *EUTROPHICATION, *CHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
NUTRIENTS, LAKES, DISSOLVED SOLIDS, OLIGOTROPHY, SUMMER,
CLASSIFICATION, LAKE HURON, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE ONTARIO,
LAKE ERIE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HYPOLIMNION, PLANKTON.
IDENTIFIERS:
*ACCELERATED EUTROPHICATION, MAN'S EFFECTS, MESOTROPHY.
ABSTRACT:
LAKES HURON, MICHIGAN, AND SUPERIOR ARE CLASSIFIED AS OLIGOTROPHIC
LAKES ON THE BASIS OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, AND PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS. LAKE MICHIGAN TRENDS TOWARD MESOTROPHY AS SHOWN BY THE
HIGH CONTENT OF DISSOLVED SOLIDS IN ITS WATERS. LAKE ONTARIO IS
MESOTROPHIC IN THAT IT RETAINS THE BIOTA OF AN OLIGOTROPHIC LAKE
BECAUSE OF ITS LARGE DEEP-WATER AREA BUT HAS THE NUTRIENT RICHNESS OF A
EUTROIC LAKE. LAKE ERIE, THE MOST PRODUCTIVE OF THE LAKES AND THE
SHALLOWEST, ~IS EUTROPHIC. SEVERAL CHANGES COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH
EUTROPHICATION IN SMALL LAKES HAVE BEEN OBSERVED IN THE GREAT LAKES,
CHANGES THAT APPARENTLY REFLECT ACCELERATED EUTROPHICATION IN THE GREAT
LAKES BECAUSE OF MAN'S ACTIVITY. CHEMICAL DATA COMPILED FROM NUMEROUS
SOURCES, DATING BACK TO 1854, INDICATE A PROGRESSIVE INCREASE IN THE
CONCENTRATIONS OF MAJOR IONS AND TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS, PARTICULARLY
CHLORIDES AND SULFATES, IN ALL OF THE LAKES EXCEPT LAKE SUPERIOR. THE
PLANKTON HAS CHANGED SOMEWHAT IN LAKE MICHIGAN, AND THE PLANKTON,
BENTHOS, AND FISH POPULATIONS OF LAKE ERIE NOW DIFFER GREATLY FROM
THOSE OF THE PAST. RECENTLY AN EXTENSIVE AREA OF HYPOLIMNETIC WATER OF
LAKE ERIE HAS DEVELOPED LOW DISSOLVED-OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN LATE
SUMMER.
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W68-00247
-------
INDICES OF GREAT LAKES EUTROPHICATION,
Ao Mo BEETONo
PUBL GREAT LAKES RES DIV, (IN PRESS), VOL 14, 1966.
DESCRIPTORS?
*EUTROPHICATION» NUTRIENTS, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, PLANKTON, DISSOLVED
OXYGENs HYPOLIMNION, GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE, STATISTICS, GROWTH RATES,
ALGAE? FRESH HATER FISH-
ABSTRACTS
INDICES OF EUTROPHICATION WERE CITED: (1) INCREASES IN NITROGEN AND
PHOSPHORUS; (2) CHANGES IN SPECIES COMPOSITION AND AN INCREASE IN THE
ABUNDANCE OF PLANKTON; (3) DECREASES IN THE DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONTENT OF
BOTTOM WATERS? (4) CHANGES IN THE FISH POPULATION; (5) THE REPLACEMENT
OF BOSMINA COREGONI BY B. LONGIROSTRIS; AND (6) EXTENSIVE GROWTHS OF
CLADOPHORA. OTHER CHANGES SUCH AS INCREASES IN TDS AND MAJOR IONS ARE
REGARDED AS REPRESENTATIVE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND NOT NECESSARILY
INDICES OF EUTROPHICATION. THERE ARE FEW OFFSHORE DATA ON NUTRIENTS
(NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS) FROM THE GREAT LAKES OTHER THAN LAKE ERIE,
AND EVEN THESE DATA ARE QUESTIONABLE. CHANGES IN THE RATES OF GROWTH OF
FISH SHOULD BE VIEWED WITH CAUTION WHEN RELATING THEM TO EUTROPHICATION
INASMUCH AS MANY ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES MAY BE OF INFLUENCE AS WELL AS
AN INCREASE IN NUTRIENTS.
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W68-00253
-------
LIMNOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAKE ERIE 1959 AND 1960t
WISCONSIN UNIV.t MILWAUKEEt GREAT LAKES RES. CTR.
A. M. BEETON.
GREAT LAKES FISH COMM, TECH REPT NO 6t 32 Pt 1963.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, *DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HISTORY,
ANALYSES, EFFLUENTS, RIVERS, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, WATER POLLUTION,
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, *HYPOL IMNION, LIMNOLOGY, SURVEYS, *HYDROLOGIC
DATA.
ABSTRACT:
THIS REPORT VERIFIES CERTAIN EARLIER CONCLUSIONS (1960 AND 1961) OF THE
AUTHOR THAT A LARGE AREA OF LAKE ERIE, PARTICULARLY WITHIN THE CENTRAL
BASIN, HAS LOW OXYGEN VALUES. SEVERAL AGENCIES, FEDERAL, STATE, AND
UNIVERSITY, EMPLOYING VARIOUS KINDS OF VESSELS MADE TRANSECTS ACROSS
LAKE ERIE, OVER THE CENTRAL BASIN IN 1959, AND THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE
AREA OF THE LAKE IN 1960. ABOUT 70* OF THE BOTTOM WATERS OF THE CENTRAL
BASIN HAD A SERIOUS DEFICIENCY IN OXYGEN IN 1959 AND 1960. OTHER
ANALYSES WERE MADE TO DETERMINE ALKALINITY, CONDUCTIVITY, TEMPERATURE,
TRANSPARENCY, PH, AND PHENOLPHTHALEIN ALKALINITY. THESE LATTER WERE
RELATED TO DISTRIBUTIONS WITHIN THE LAKE OF RIVER EFFLUENTS, SUCH AS
THOSE OF THE^MAUMEE AND DETROIT RIVERS.
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W68-00462
-------
DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN LAKE ERIE* PAST AND PRESENT*
U OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR.
J, F. CARRe
GREAT LAKES RES DIV, PUBL 9, PP 1-14, 1962.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES* LAKES, LIMNOLOGY, *DISSOLVED
OXYGEN, THERMOCLINE, HYPOLIMNION, HI STORY,-OXYGEN REQUIREMENT,
SEASONAL, STATISTICS.
ABSTRACTS
THE DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONTENT OF THE WATERS OF LAKE ERIE VARIES AREALLY
AND BATHYMETRICALLY. ANALYTICAL DATA ASSEMBLED FOR THE YEARS 1927
THROUGH 1961 SHOW THAT OXYGEN DEPLETION IN THE CENTRAL BASIN OF THE
LAK-E HAS BECOME MORE EXTENSIVE OVER THE LAST 3 DECADES. THERE MAY HAVE
BEEN CRITICALLY LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN PRIOR TO THE
PERIOD REPORTED; HOWEVER, THEY MAY NOT HAVE BEEN DETECTED BECAUSE OF
DEFICIENCIES IN SAMPLING PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES. SIGNS OF
EUTROPHICATION IN THE WATERS OF LAKE ERIE BEGAN TO APPEAR AS EARLY AS
1929. AT THE PRESENT TIME THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF SQUARE MILES OF BOTTOM
WATERS IN WHICH THESE IS NO DETECTABLE DISSOLVED OXYGEN DURING A PART
OF THE YEARw .THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IS AFFECTED
STRONGLY BY THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT, AND WHERE THE THERMOCLINE IS
ABSENT, THE OXYGEN SATURATION OF BOTTOM WATERS IS USUALLY 60* OR MORE.
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W68-00465
-------
EVIDENCE FOR THE EUTROPHICATION OF LAKE ERIE FROM PHYTOPLANKTON RECORDS.
DEPT. OF BIOLOGY, WESTERN RESERVE UNIV., CLEVELAND, OHIO.
C. C. DAVIS.
LIMNOL AND OCEANOGR, VOL 9, PP 275-283, 1964. 9 P, 6 FIG, 1 TAB, 29 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, LAKES, *PHYTOPLANKTON, HISTORY, SEASONAL,
ASTERIONELLA, MOLOSIRA, CYCLOTELLA, FRAGILARIA, PLANKTON, TABELLARIA,
SYNEDRA, *LAKE ERIE, LAKE MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
AQUATIC ALGAE, AQUATIC POPULATIONS, LIMNOLOGY.
IDENTIFIERS:
*SEASONAL CHANGES, PLANT POPULATIONS, NUMERICAL ANALYSIS.
ABSTRACT:
LONG-TERM RECORDS INDICATE THAT THERE HAS BEEN INCREASINGLY RAPID
EUTROPHICATION OF THE WATER IN LAKE ERIE. COMPLETE RECORDS OF CELL
COUNTS OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN WATER SAMPLES TAKEN FROM THE DIVISION AVE
FILTRATION PLANT OF THE CLEVELAND DIV OF WATER AND HEAT WERE RECORDED
FOR 25 FULL YEARS SINCE 1919 AND FOR 7 ADDITIONAL PARTIAL YEARS IN THAT
SAME INTERVAL. THE INCREASE IN THE AVERAGE QUANTITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON
HAS BEEN CONSISTENT, AND RANGES FROM COUNTS OF LESS THAN 500 CELLS/ML
IN THE EARLY YEARS OF RECORD TO MORE RECENT COUNTS OF 1500 OR MORE
CELLS/ML. SPRING AND FALL PHYTOPLANKTON PEAKS WERE NOT HIGH AND DID NOT
EXTEND OVER MANY DAYS IN 1927, BUT THE PEAKS IN 1962 ROSE TO MUCH
GREATER HEIGHTS IN TERMS OF CELLS/ML AND EACH ONE EXTENDED OVER SEVERAL
MONTHS. GRAPHS SHOW THE WINTER MINIMA TO BE SHORT-LIVED IN THE LATER
YEARS OF'RECORD AND THAT FAILED TO DEVELOP IN SOME OF THEM.
PHYTOPLftNKTON GENERA REPRESENTED IN LAKE ERIE WATERS HAVE ALSO ALTERED
IN THIS INTERVAL: THE SPRING PULSES HAVE CHANGED FROM A PREDOMINANCE
ASTERIONELLA TO ONE OF MELOSIRA WITH SOME CYCLOTELLA, FRAGILARIA, AND
TABELLARIA; THE FALL PULSES HAVE SHIFTED FROM SYNEDRA TO.MELOSIRA, AND
FINALLY, TO FRAGILARIA.
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W68-00476
-------
GREAT LAKES LIMNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS*
A. M. BEETON.
UNIV OF MICH, GREAT LAKES RES DIV PUB, VOL 4, PP 123-128, 1960. 6 P.
DESCRIPTORS?
*EUTROPHICATION, GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, LAKE MICHIGAN,
LAKE SUPERIOR, *FISH POPULATIONS, LAKES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, WATER
TEMPERATURE, BENTHIC FAUNA, MAYFLIES, *OXYGEN SAG, THERMAL
STRATIFICATION, TUBIFICIDS, MIDGES, CADDISFLIES, LAKE TROUT, LAMPREYS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, DISSOLVED SOLIDS, SEASONAL, BAYS, REVIEWS.
IDENTIFIERS!
UNITED STATES BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES.
ABSTRACTS
STUDIES OF LAKE ERIE FOR THE PAST 30 YR INDICATE THAT EUTROPHICATION IS
ACCELERATING. THE LAKE HAS CHANGED FROM ONE THAT SUPPORTED A LARGE COLD
WATER FISH POPULATION, DEMANDING A HIGH OXYGEN CONTENT, INTO ONE
DOMINATED BY WARM WATER SPECIES ADAPTED TO HIGHER TEMPERATURES AND
LOWER OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS. MAJOR CHANGES HAVE ALSO TAKEN PLACE IN ITS
BOTTOM FAUNA. PRIOR TO SUMMER 1953, THE MAYFLY LARVAE AVERAGED ABOUT
400/SQ M OF LAKE BOTTOM; A LONG CALM IN SUMMER 1953 PRODUCED A THERMAL
STRATIFICATION THAT SEVERELY DEPLETED OXYGEN IN THE BOTTOM WATERS,
FOLLOWING WHICH THERE WERE ONLY 44 LIVE MAYFLY LARVAE/SQ M. CADDISFLY
LARVAE, ONCE ABUNDANT, AVERAGED LESS THAN 1/SQ M IN 1957. TUBIFICIDS
INCREASED FROM 12/SQ M IN 1929 TO 551/SQ M IN 1957, AND MIDGE LARVAE
FROM 56/SQ M IN 1929 TO 299/SQ M. LAKE ERIE IS THE MOST CHANGED OF THE
GREAT LAKES- THE TROUT POPULATION OF LAKE MICHIGAN WAS RAPIDLY DEPLETED
RECENTLY; BUT THE LOSS LARGELY RESULTED FROM LAMPREY PREDATION. LAKE
SUPERIOR SHOWS SURPRISING UNIFORMITY OF CHEMICAL CONDITIONS BOTH
AREALLY AND BATHYMETRICALLYo OXYGEN SATURATION OCCURS EVEN IN THE
DEEPEST WATERS OF LAKES HURON, MICHIGAN, AND SUPERIOR, ALTHOUGH
CONCENTRATIONS ARE REDUCED IN GREEN BAY AND SAGINAW BAY; CERTAIN AREAS
OF LAKE ERIE ARE CHARACTERIZED BY LOW CONCENTRATIONS. (BYRNE-WISC)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO* W68-00683
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN LAKE ERIE,
A. M. BEETON.
TRANS AMER FISH SOC, VOL 90, PP 153-159, 1961.. 7 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, HISTORY, BENTHIC FAUNAS, *BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES,
PHOSPHORUS, FISH POPULATIONS, *LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES, BIOINDICATORS,
PIKES, CISCO, COMMERCIAL FISH, WATER TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
PROFUNDAL ZONE, COLIFORMS, PLANKTON, NITROGEN, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
*ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, *INFLUENT STREAMS, FLOW RATES.
ABSTRACT:
DATA COMPILED DURING THE PAST SIXTY YEARS INDICATE THAT MAJOR CHANGES
HAVE OCCURRED IN THE BOTTOM AND FISH FAUNAS OF LAKE ERIE. THE BOTTOM
FAUNA WAS EARLY DOMINATED BY HEXAGENIA NYMPHS, BUT MIDGE LARVAE AND
OLIGOCHAETES ARE NOW THE MOST ABUNDANT FORMS; THESE CHANGES SEEM TO BE
CONFINED TO THE WESTERN AND CENTRAL BASINS OF THE LAKE. BLUE PIKE AND
CISCO ONCE DOMINATED-THE COMMERCIAL CATCH BUT ARE NOW SCARCE AND HAVE
BEEN REPLACED BY OTHER SPECIES. THE MAJOR IONS HAVE INCREASED AS MUCH
AD 10 MG/1, BUT INCREASES IN THE CONCENTRATIONS OF NITROGEN AND
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS COULD HAVE THE MOST IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS.
MEAN ANNUAL WATER TEMPERATURES ARE ABOUT 2 DEG F WARMER NOW THAN IN THE
1918-28 PERIQD. THE NUMBER OF COLIFORMS WAS INCREASED. LOW DISSOLVED
OXYGEN LEVELS HAVE BEEN RECORDED SEVERAL TIMES SINCE 1930, AND VERY LOW
CONCENTRATIONS HAVE RECENTLY BEEN FOUND IN BOTTOM WATERS COVERING MANY
SQ MI OF THE CENTRAL BASIN. ANY GREAT CHANGES IN THE CHEMISTRY OR IN
THE PLANKTON OF THE LAKE MUST ORIGINATE IN CHANGES IN THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WATERS FLOWING INTO THE LAKE, ESPECIALLY IN THE
WESTERN BASIN WHERE THE DETROIT RIVER INFLOW RESULTS IN A FLUSHING RATE
OF ABOUT TWO MO. MORE DATA ARE NEEDED ON THE PAST AND PRESENT CHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS AND OTHER INFLUENT STREAMS. (BYRNE-WISC)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W68-00687
-------
WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PLAN.
TRI-COUNTY REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION, AKRON, OHIO.
TRI-COUMTY REGIONAL PLANNING STUDY NO. 27, APRIL, 1963. 205 P, 18 MAPS, 8
ILLUS, 20 TABLES, 3 CHARTS, 3 APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, ^WATERSHEDS, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, LATERALS,
INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION, GROUNDWATER, SUBSURFACE WATERS,
*METROPOLITAN AREA PLANNING, WATER DISTRIBUTION, WATER SUPPLY,
*MULTI-PURPOSE PROJECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
AKRON, OHIO, MEDINA COUNTY,
LAKE ERIE.
SUMMIT COUNTY, OHIO, PORTAGE COUNTY, OHIO,
ABSTRACT:
IN THE TRI-COUNTY REGION, THERE IS A NATURAL LIMITATION ON AVAILABLE
WATER SUPPLY. PLANNING FOR DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AS TO YIELD
THE NEEDED QUANTITIES MUST CONSIDER THE LATERAL TRANSFER OF WATER
ACROSS THE WATERSHED BOUNDARIES AND THE USE OF LAKE ERIE AS A SOURCE OF
WATER. THE STUDY RELATES THE LEGAL BACKGROUND OF THE WATER STATUS IN
OHIO AND RECOMMENDS.CERTAIN REVISIONS IN THE WATERSHED DISTRICT ACT;
NAMELY: m AMENDING THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE BOUNDARIES OF A WATERSHED
DISTRICT FOLLOW TOWNSHIP LINES TO MORE CLOSELY FOLLOW THE HYDROLOGIC
DIVIDE; (2) COMBINING THE MAJOR RIVER WATERSHEDS WITH COMMON ECONOMIC
AFFILIATIONS. THE STUDY ALSO RECOMMENDS A WATER POLICY BE INSTITUTED
THAT DEVELOPS THE WATER RESOURCES ON A WATERSHED BASIS. TO IMPLEMENT
THE WATER POLICY THE STUDY CALLS FOR THE FORMATION OF WATERSHED
DISTRICTS AS POLITICAL ENTITIES WITH MAJOR RESPONSIBILITY FOR
FORMULATING PLANS FOR WATER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS, COORDINATING THE
ACTIVITIES OF BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INTERESTS IN THE DISTRICTS,
CONSTRUCTION OF WATER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS WHICH ARE BEYOND THE
CAPABILITIES OF OTHERS, AND, ULTIMATELY, THE CONTROL OF THE USE OF
WATER RESOURCES BY REQUIRING ALL PROJECTS BE APPROVED BY THE DISTRICTS.
(STARR-CHICAGO)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W68-00844
-------
NEW YORK POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY AND LAKE ERIE,
ANSELMO F. DAPPERT.
INDUSTRIAL WATER AND WASTES, VOL 9, NO 1, PP 29-31, JAN-FEB 1964. 3 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
NEW YORK, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, NEUTRALIZATION, SEWAGE TREATMENT,
WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *LAKE ERIE, TASTE, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
ACIDITY, ODOR, DOMESTIC WASTES, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, SEWAGE EFFLUENTS,
SILTS, SEWAGE DISPOSAL, LEGISLATION, WATER-LAW, STATE GOVERNMENTS.
ABSTRACT:
THE NEW YORK STATE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM IS BASED ON THE
CONCEPT THAT ALL WATERS WHICH RECEIVE OR ARE TO RECEIVE WASTE
DISCHARGES OF ANY KIND SHALL BE PROTECTED TO THE EXTENT NECESSARY FOR
THE VARIOUS USAGES WHICH ARE OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZED FOR SUCH WATERS. THE
OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF THESE USAGES IS PRECEDED BY A SERIES OF STEPS
LEADING TO CLASSIFICATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF QUALITY STANDARDS TO ALL
WATERS IN THE STATE-FRESH SURFACE WATERS, TIDAL SALT WATERS AND GROUND
WATERS. BASICALLY, FOR DISCHARGES INTO LAKE ERIE WATERS THE POLICY IS
TO CONSIDER EACH PROBLEM IN RELATION TO THE PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES
AND THE ACTUAL OR ANTICIPATED LAKE CLASSIFICATIONS. (R. SMITH-FLA)
FIELD 05G
ACCESSION NO. W69-OCH95
10
-------
UNITED STATES V 461.42 ACRES OF LAND (AVULSION AS IT RELATES TO TITLE).
222 F SUPP 55-59 (N D OHIO 1963).
DESCRIPTORS:
OHIOt JUDICIAL DECISIONS, LAKE ERIEt DIKESt RIPARIAN WATERSt RIPARIAN
LAND, *OWNERSHIP OF BEDS, UNITED STATES, CONDEMNATION, EMINENT DOMAIN,
*AVULSION, BEDS, STORMS, *BEACH EROSION, WAVES(WATER), EROSION.
ABSTRACT:
THIS WAS A PROCEEDING TO DETERMINE TITLE TO LAND APPROPRIATED BY THE
UNITED STATES. THE STATE OF OHIO AND DEFENDANT CLAIMED TITLE AND THE
UNITED STATES SOUGHT A JUDICIAL CLARIFICATION OF TITLE SO THAT PAYMENT
FOR THE APPROPRIATED LAND MIGHT BE MADE. THE LAND IN QUESTION HAD BEEN
SUBMERGED IN LAKE ERIE SINCE 1929, AND OHIO CLAIMED TITLE BASED ON A
STATUTE WHICH PROVIDED THAT TITLE TO LAND UNDER LAKE ERIE WOULD BE IN
THE STATE. DEFENDANT CLAIMED TITLE BASED ON THE FACT THAT PRIOR TO 1929
THE- LAND WAS ABOVE WATER AND BECAME SUBMERGED BY AVULSION AFTER A
VIOLENT STORM. THERE IS AN OHIO STATUTE WHICH PROVIDES THAT TITLE SHALL
NOT BE LOST BY AVULSION. OHIO CLAIMED THAT THE STORM IN 1929 WAS SIMPLY
A FACTOR AIDING IN THE EROSION OF THE LAND, AND THAT LAND LOST BY
EROSION WILL EXTINGUISH TITLE. THE LAND WAS HELD TO HAVE BEEN LOST BY
AVULSION AND TITLE REMAINED IN THE DEFENDANT. (CRABTREE-FLA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-00515
11
-------
MAJOR SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS FOR ALGAL GROWTH IN WESTERN LAKE ERIEt
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMIN.t GROSSE ILE, MICH.
GEORGE L. HARLOW.
PUBLICATION NUMBER 15, GREAT LAKES RES DIVt UNIV MICH, PP 389-394, 1966. 6 P,
2 FIG, 5 TAB, 9 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *LAKE ERIE, *NUTRIENTS, ALGAE, WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, PHOSPHATES, GREAT LAKES, MICHIGAN.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ST CLAIR, ROUGE RIVER, HURON RIVER, RAISIN RIVER, DETROIT RIVER,
MAUMEE RIVER.
ABSTRACT:
DUE.TO AN EXCESS OF NUTRIENTS, WESTERN LAKE ERIE HAS DEVELOPED PROLIFIC
BLOOMS OF ALGAE CONTRIBUTING TO AND INDICATING THE ACCELERATED
ENRICHMENT OF THIS VALUABLE NATURAL RESOURCE. NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS
AND QUANTITIES INCREASE AS THE WATERS FROM LAKE ST CLAIR PASS BY THE
METROPOLITAN COMPLEX OF DETROIT TO WESTERN LAKE ERIE. THE SOURCES OF
WASTE WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO THESE INCREASES ARE PRESENTED, AS WELL AS THE
RELATIVE QUANTITIES FROM EACH WASTE SOURCE. MUNICIPAL WASTES CONTRIBUTE
89* OF TOTAL PHOSPHATES AND 86* OF TOTAL NITROGEN RECEIVED INTO LAKE
ERIE FROM SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN, WHEREAS THE CONTRIBUTION OF PHOSPHATE
FROM LAND DRAINAGE IS A MINOR FACTOR. NITROGEN RUNOFF FROM LANDS
CONTRIBUTES MORE SIGNIFICANTLY TO NUTRIENT LOADING THAN DOES PHOSPHATE
FROM THE SAME SOURCE. IN LAKE ERIE, CONCENTRATIONS OF NUTRIENT
COMPOUNDS CLOSER TO THE MOUTH OF THE DETROIT RIVER ARE HIGHER THAN AT
STATIONS FURTHER OFFSHORE, EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF TWO OFFSHORE STATIONS
THOUGHT TO BE INFLUENCED BY THE MAUMEE RIVER. RESULTS OF NUTRIENT
DETERMINATIONS FROM ALL STATIONS REPORTED FOR LAKE ERIE SHOW
CONCENTRATIONS GREATER THAN THOSE THOUGHT TO BE CRITICAL- FOR TRIGGERING
BLOOMS OF ALGAE.
FIELD 05B
ACCESSION NO. W69-01445
12
-------
TO RESTORE LAKE ERIE BEACHES.
ASCE - SAN ENG DIVt NEWSLETTER, P 6, MAY, 1968.
DESCRIPTORS:
*RECREATION FACILITIES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *OVERFLOW FLOW
CONTROL, *CHLORINATION, DISCHARGE(WATER).
IDENTIFIERS:
*COMBINED SEWERS, *CLEVELAND(OHIO), *LAKE ERIE, *INTERCEPTOR SEWERS,
CAPACITY, *POLYMERS, *SEWER FLUSHING.
ABSTRACT:
CLEVELAND, OHIO IS ATTEMPTING TO RESTORE SOME OF ITS LAKE ERIE BEACHES
POLLUTED BY OVERFLOWS OF COMBINED STORM AND SANITARY SEWERS. METHODS
UNDER INVESTIGATION ARE: (1) THE USE OF POLYMERS TO REDUCE OVERFLOWS
FROM THE EDGEWATER SEWER BY INCREASING THE FLOW-CARRYING CAPACITY OF
THE-WESTERLY INTERCEPTOR SEWER; (2) HYPOCHLORINATION OF THE MAJOR
OVERFLOWS AND CREEK WATERS ENTERING LAKE ERIE; (3) FLUSHING SEWERS
DURING DRY WEATHER TO REDUCE THE DISCHARGE OF SOLIDS WHEN IT RAINS; (4)
SCREENING OF OVERFLOWS AND STREAMS.
FIELD 09
ACCESSION NO. .W69-01536
13
-------
A PLAN TO HELP LAKE ERIE.
ASCE - SAN ENG DIV, NEWSLETTER, P 5, JAN 1967.
DESCRIPTORS:
*OVERFLOWt ""CONSTRUCTION, *SEWAGE LAGOON, SEWAGE TREATMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CLEVELAND(OHIO), *STORAGE TANKS, *COMBINED SEWERS, *LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
THE FEASIBILITY OF BUILDING A LARGE WASTE-WATER HOLDING AND TREATMENT
RESERVOIR IN LAKE ERIE FOR COMBINED-SEWER OVERFLOWS IN CLEVELAND IS
BEING STUDIED. THE POSSIBILITY OF BUILDING A DEEP DETENTION FACILITY
OFF THE SHORE OF LAKE ERIE IS BEING INVESTIGATED BECAUSE OF THE HIGH
COST OF ACQUIRING VALUABLE LAKEFRONT LAND THERE. CONSTRUCTION
TECHNIQUES WILL BE ANALYZED AND THE BEST METHODS OF OPERATION TO ASSURE
FLEXIBILITY OF USE AND EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT WILL BE RECOMMENDED. IF
THIS PROVES TO BE FEASIBLE, THE LAGOON MAY PROVIDE FURTHER TREATMENT OF
THE WASTES FROM CLEVELAND'S EASTERLY SECONDARY-TREATMENT PLANT AND
FLOWS- FROM STORM SEWERS IN THIS SECTION OF THE CITY.
FIELD 09
ACCESSION NO. .W69-01537
14
-------
FEDERAL GRANT TO HELP RESTORE CLEVELAND BEACHES.
CIV ENGt VOL 38, NO 6t P 85, JUNE 1968.
DESCRIPTORS:
*RECREATION FACILITIES, *OVERFLOW, FLOW CONTROL, *CHLORINATION, STORM
RUNOFF, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, DISCHARGEJWATER).
IDENTIFIERS:
^COMBINED SEWERS, *CLEVELAND(OHIO), *POLYMERS, *LAKE ERIE, *SEWER
FLUSHING, *INTERCEPTOR SEWERS, CAPACITY.
ABSTRACT:
CLEVELAND, OHIO HAS RECEIVED A GRANT TO RESTORE BEACHES POLLUTED
LARGELY BY OVERFLOWS OF COMBINED SEWERS AND TO EXPAND RECREATIONAL
OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE AREA. CONTROL AND TREATMENT METHODS TO BE USED IN
THIS PROJECT INCLUDE: EXPERIMENTAL USE OF POLYMERS TO REDUCE OVERFLOWS
FROM THE COMBINED SEWERS BY INCREASING THE FLOW-CARRYING CAPACITY OF
INTERCEPTOR SEWERS; HYPOCHLORINATION OF THE MAJOR OVERFLOWS AND CREEK
WATER ENTERING LAKE ERIE; IMPLEMENTATION OF A SEWER-FLUSHING PROGRAM
DURING DRY WEATHER TO REDUCE THE DISCHARGE OF SOLIDS WHEN IT RAINS; AND
SCREENING OF OVERFLOWS AND STREAMS.
FIELD 09
ACCESSION NO. W69-01538
15
-------
COMPARISON OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE FIVE GREAT LAKESt
MICHIGAN UNIV.t ANN ARBOR, GREAT LAKES RESEARCH OIV., INST. OF SCIENCE AND
.TECH.
ANDREW ROBERTSON, AND CHARLES F. POWERS.
PART OF FINAL REPT. OF USPHS GRANT WP-00311. MICHIGAN UNIV SPEC NO 30 OF THE
GREAT LAKES RES DIV PP 1-18, 1967. 18 P, 7 TAB, 3 FIG, 22 REF. ONR-104-818,
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES, NUTRIENTS, PLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON,
PRODUCTIVITY, SURFACE WATERS, WATER QUALITY, DISSOLVED SOLIDS, ORGANIC
MATTER, BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER, MACROBENTHOS.
ABSTRACT:
PARTICULATE AND DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER WERE MEASURED IN ALL 5 OF THE
GREAT-LAKES AND THE BIOMASS OF ZOOPLANKTON AND MACROBENTHOS WERE
MEASURED IN THE UPPER 3 LAKES. IN GENERAL, TOTAL ORGANIC MATTER
INCREASES IN THE ORDER, SUPERIOR, HURON, MICHIGAN, ERIE, ONTARIO, THE
SAME ORDER AS SHOWN BY TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS AND TOTAL DISSOLVED
ORGANIC MATTE.R. THIS MAY ALSO REPRESENT THEIR RELATIVE STATES OF
EUTROPHICATION. DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT IN THE SURFACE WATERS
IS 2.22-2.98 MG/1 IN LAKE SUPERIOR, 2.52-2.91 MG/1 IN LAKE HURON,
3.24-5.81 MG/1 IN LAKE MICHIGAN, 5.82-6.01 MG/1 IN LAKE ERIE, AND
5.85-6.53 MG/1 IN LAKE ONTARIO. THE PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER IS MUCH
GREATER THAN THE AMOUNTS OF ZOOPLANKTON AND MACROBENTHOS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05C-
ACCESSION NO. W69-01620
16
-------
PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN LAKESt
BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV., OHIO. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
JACOB VERDUIN.
LIMNOL OCEANGR, VOL 1, PP 85-91, 1956. 7 P, 2 FIG, 2 TAB, 17 REF, DISC.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKES, *CARBON CYCLE, *PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON,
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS? LIMNOLOGY, LIGHT PENETRATION, LAKE ERIE,
INSTRUMENTATION, EUTROPHICATION, OLIGOTROPHY, WISCONSIN, COLORADO,
KANSAS, PENNSYLVANIA, COMPARATIVE PRODUCTIVITY, DIATOMS, SESTON,
CHLOROPHYLL, ESTIMATING EQUATIONS.
IDENTIFIERS:
HELMET LAKE(WIS), TROUT LAKE(WIS), CRYSTAL LAKE(WIS), MUSKELLUNGE
LAK£(WIS), WEBER LAKE(WIS), NEBISH LAKE(WIS), SCAFFOLD LAKE(WIS),
PYMATUNING RESERVOIR, GEORGES BANK, SANDUSKY BAY, ALLENS LAKE(COLO),
BASE LINE LAKE(COLO), HAYDENS LAKE(COLO), BEASLY LAKE(COLO), GAYNOR
LAKE(GOLO), BOULDER LAKE(COLO), KOSSLER LAKE(COLO), SECCHI DISK,
AUTOTROPHY, EUPHQTIC ZONE.
ABSTRACT:
LIMNOLOGICAL ..DATA FROM THE LITERATURE AND AUTHOR'S RESEARCH YIELD MEAN
PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATES FOR LACUSTRINE PHYTOPLANKTON UNDER OPTIMAL LIGHT
(NATURAL CONDITIONS) OF ABOUT 0.5 MICROMOLES (OXYGEN EVOLVED OR CARBON
DIOXIDE CONSUMEDJ/MICROLITER OF ORGANISMS/HOUR; 1-2
MICROMOLES/MILLIGRAM ASH-FREE DRY WEIGHT/HOUR; AND 0.2
MICROMOLES/MICROGRAM CHLOROPHYLL/HOUR. FOR LAKES WITH EPILIMNETIC
EUPHOT 1C'ZONE, EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING DAILY PHOTOSYNTHESIS/SOUARE
METER OF WATER (V SUB A) IS: (Y SUB A) = (P SUB VHY SUB P) (D SUB
1X0.65), WHERE (P SUB V) = MEAN PHYTOPLANKTONIC CROP/CUBIC METER IN
EUPHOTIC ZONE; (Y SUB p> = DAILY PHOTOSYNTHESIS/UNIT STANDING CROP
UNDER OPTIMAL LIGHT; (D SUB 1)= DEPTH OF EUPHOTIC ZONE. FOR LAKES WITH
HYPOLIMNETIC EUPHOTIC ZONE OR WHERE BOTTOM RECEIVES MORE THAN IS OF
SURFACE LIGHT, EQUATION IS: (Y SUB A) = (P PRIME SUB V) (Y SUB PHD SUB
2); WHERE (P PRIME SUB V) = MEAN PHYTOPLANKTONIC CROP IN EPILIMNION; (D
SUB 2) = DEPTH TO MIDTHERMOCLINE OR TO BOTTOM IN UNSTRATIFIED LAKES.
FOR SEVEN WISCONSIN LAKES, YIELDS (MILLIMOLES/SQ METER/DAY) CALCULATED
FROM THESE EQUATIONS RANGE FROM 56 (TROUT L) TO 325 (SCAFFOLD L),
COMPARED WITH RANGE OF 47 (HELMET L) TO 146 (SCAFFOLD L) ESTIMATED BY
MORE TEDIOUS METHOD DESCRIBED ELSEWHERE IN LITERATURE. TEN SIMILAR
COMPUTATIONS FOR WATERS OF KANSAS, COLORADO, AND L ERIE YIELDED MEAN
VALUE OF 196.Q, WITH RANGE 122 (KOSSLER L, COLO) TO 450 (GAYNOR L,
COLO).
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W69-02523
17
-------
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS: AN ECONOMIST'S VIEWt
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS.
RICHARD A. TYBOUT.
SYSTEMS APPROACH TO WATER QUALITY IN THE GREAT LAKES, PROC 3RD ANNU SYMP
WATER RESOURCES RES, PP 117-126, OHIO STATE UNIV, SEPT 1967. 10 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
^SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *ECONOMICS, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *STANDARDS,
PUBLIC BENEFITS, PUBLIC RIGHTS, MARGINAL UTILITY, MARGINAL COSTS,
PRICING, CONSTRAINTS, LAKE BASINS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, LAKE ONTARIO,
LAKE ERIE, RECREATION DEMAND, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, AESTHETICS, WATER
POLICY, TAXES, OPTIMIZATION.
ABSTRACT:
THREE APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMALLY ATTAINING WATER QUALITY
STANDARDS IN A HYPOTHETICAL LAKE ILLUSTRATED THE INTERDEPENDENCY OF
ECONOMICS AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND THE PROBLEM OF PHILOSOPHICAL
APPROACH IN SETTING AND ADMINISTERING OF THOSE STANDARDS. SYSTEM 1
CALLED FOR THE SOLUTION OF A SIMPLE LINEAR MODEL, WHERE THE COSTS OF
POLLUTION REMOVAL FOR ALL USERS OF A LAKE WERE EQUATED TO THE COSTS OF
ALL POLLUTION IMPOSED ON THE LAKE BY POLLUTERS. THE QUALITY STANDARD
FOR THE LAKE^WAS ASSUMED GIVEN. SYSTEM 2 MAXIMIZED THE UTILITIES TO ALL
INDIVIDUALS FROM POLLUTANT AND NON-POLLUTANT GENERATING PRODUCTS,
SUBJECT TO THEIR BUDGET CONSTRAINTS. SYSTEM 3 MAXIMIZED THE
BENEFIT-COST RATIOS OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS, SUBJECT TO BUDGET CONSTRAINTS,
ASSUMING BENEFITS AND COSTS WERE QUANTIFIABLE. THE PROBLEMS AND MERITS
OF EACH APPROACH AND THEIR COMBINATION WERE DISCUSSED. (GYSI-CORNELL)
FIELD 05GV 06A
ACCESSION NO. W69-02612
18
-------
EVALUATION OF CHANNEL CHANGES IN ST. CLAIR AND DETROIT RIVERS,
WEATHER BUREAUt CHICAGO, ILL.
IVAN W. BRUNK.
WATER RESOURCES RES, VOL 4, NO 6, PP 1335-1346, DECEMBER 1968. 12 P, 6 FIG, 3
TAB, 9 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*RIVER FLOW, *CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE, LAKE
MICHIGAN, LAKE HURON, STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONS, STREAM GAGES,
HYDROGRAPHS.
IDENTIFIERS:
ST. CLAIR RIVER, DETROIT RIVER, STREAMFLOW ESTIMATES.
ABSTRACT:
EXTENSIVE IMPROVEMENTS FOR NAVIGATION HAVE BEEN MADE IN THE ST.
CLAIR-DETROIT RIVER ISCDR). CHANNEL CHANGES HAVE LOWERED THE LEVEL OF
LAKE MICHIGAN-HURON BY ABOUT 2 FEET, BRINGING ABOUT THE LOWEST LEVELS
OF RECORD IN 1964 AND 1965. THE UNRECOGNIZED CHANGES IN THE REGIMEN OF
THE SCDR BEFORE 1900 HAVE ALSO RESULTED IN THE COMPUTATION OF FLOWS
THAT ARE MUCH TOO LARGE. THE DISCHARGE OF LAKE ERIE AND THE
PRECIPITATION IN THE ERIE BASIN ARE USED TO DERIVE MORE REASONABLE
ESTIMATES OF ~THE FLOW OF THE SCDR BEFORE 1900. THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL
EXCAVATED FROM CHANNELS AND THE ANNUAL DIFFERENCES IN REPORTED AND
COMPUTED FLOW OF THE SCDR FROM 1869-1908 ARE TABULATED. HYDROGRAPHS
SHOW COMPUTED FLOW AND LAKE ERIE FLOW FROM 1860-1967.
FIELD 02E '
ACCESSION NO. W69-02693
19
-------
LAKE ERIE REPORT: A PLAN FOR WATER POLLUTION CONTROLt
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTONt D. C.
FED WATER POLLUT CONTR ADMINt GREAT LAKES REG, 107 P, AUG 1968. 52 FIG, 16
TAB. 1 APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIEt *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, *EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION
CONTROL, WATER QUALITY CONTROL, HYDROGEOLOGY, LIMNOLOGY, MUNICIPAL
WASTES, DREDGING, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, GREAT-LAKES.
ABSTRACT:
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF WATER POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE, STRONG
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CORRECTION, AND DESCRIPTIONS AT THE LAKE, LAKE
BASIN, AND THE URBAN AREAS OF THE LAKE ERIE AREA ARE PRESENTED. LAKE
ERIE AND ITS DRAINAGE BASIN SUPPORT OVER 13 MILLION PEOPLE.
MANUFACTURING ADDS 17 BILLION DOLLARS A YEAR TO THE ECONOMY OF THE U.
S. AND CANADA. THE LAKE WATER ITSELF IS USED FOR WATER SUPPLY,
RECREATION, COMMERCIAL FISHING, AND SHIPPING. THE LAKE HAS TOO MANY
NUTRIENTS FROM POLLUTION. BOTTOM OXYGEN IS DEPLETED IN SUMMER. FISH
QUALITY IS DECLINING. ALGAE CAUSE BAD TASTES AND ODOR AND LITTER
SHORELINES WITH DECOMPOSING ORGANIC MATTER. BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION
CLOSES SWIMMING BEACHES. SILT FROM CHANNEL DREDGING CARRIES OXYGEN
DEMAND TO DUMPING AREAS WHERE IT WOULD OTHERWISE BE LOWER. THE MAIN
POLLUTION SOURCE AREAS ARE DETROIT, CLEVELAND, AND THE MAUMEE RIVER
BASIN. PHOSPHORUS, THE PRINCIPAL CAUSE OF ALGAE PROBLEMS, IS 72* FROM
MUNICIPAL WASTES, 17* RURAL, 7* INDUSTRIAL, AND 7% URBAN RUNOFF. THE
COST OF WASTE TREATMENT TO STOP THE POLLUTION IS ESTIMATED AT $1.1
BILLION FOR MUNICIPALITIES AND $285 MILLION FOR INDUSTRY. STANDARDS FOR
STREAMS ENTERING LAKE ERIE HAVE BEEN SET. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05C, 02H, 05A
ACCESSION NO. W69-02695
20
-------
BURKE V FREY (SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE).
358 MICH 606t 101 N W 20 385-387 (1960).
DESCRIPTORS:
*MICHIGAN, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, *SURFACE RUNOFF, *SURFACE DRAINAGE,
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, REPULSION(LEGAL ASPECTS), LAKE ERIE, STORM RUNOFF,
FLOODING.
ABSTRACT:
PROPERTY OWNERS BLAMED SURFACE FLOODING OF THEIR LOTS ON THE REFUSAL OF
NEIGHBORING OWNERS TO REOPEN AND MAINTAIN A DRAINAGE DITCH. PLAINTIFFS
ALLEGED THAT DEFENDANTS HAD LESSENED THE EFFICIENCY OF THE METHOD OF
DRAINAGE OF THEIR OWN PROPERTY AND THAT, IN CONSEQUENCE, SURFACE WATERS
ON OCCASION FLOWED ONTO PLAINTIFFS' LOTS. THE COURT STATED THAT A
LANDOWNER HAS A DUTY NOT TO INCREASE THE NATURAL FLOW OF WATER UPON A
NEIGHBOR'S LAND EITHER BY ERECTING BARRIERS TO NATURAL DRAINAGE OR BY
TAKING STEPS TO FACILITATE DRAINAGE OF HIS OWN PROPERTY. IT WAS HELD
THAT DEFENDANTS HAD NOT VIOLATED THEIR DUTY TO PROTECT PLAINTIFFS'
PROPERTY FROM SURFACE WATER AND THAT FLOODING HAD RESULTED FROM
PROXIMITY TO LAKE ERIE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF UNUSUALLY HEAVY STORMS.
(MACMILLAN-FLA)
• FIELD 04A
ACCESSION NO. W69-03019
21
-------
SYSTEMS APPROACH TO WATER QUALITY IN THE GREAT LAKES.
PROC OF 3RD ANNUAL SYMP ON WATER RESOURCES RES, OHIO STATE UNIV WATER
RESOURCES CENTERt 130 P, SEPT 1967. OWRR A-999-OHIO.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER QUALITY,
EUTROPHICATION, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, MANAGEMENT,
MODEL STUDIES.
ABSTRACT:
A SYMPOSIUM ON THE SUBJECT OF USING THE SYSTEMS APPROACH TO WATER
QUALITY IN THE GREAT LAKES, PARTICULARLY LAKE ERIE, WAS HELD AT OHIO
STATE UNIVERSITY, SEPTEMBER 1967. IT WAS AGREED THAT LAKE ERIE WATER
QUALITY CHANGED MARKEDLY IN THE PAST 70-100 YEARS IN TEMPERATURE,
ECOLOGY, AND SUSPENDED AND DISSOLVED SOLIDS, BUT THE CAUSE HAS NOT BEEN
FIRMLY ESTABLISHED. POLLUTION, INVASION BY MARINE ORGANISMS, NATURAL
EUTROPHICATION, AND OTHER CAUSES ARE ALL INVOLVED. A SYSTEMS APPROACH
HELPS SOLVE THE PROBLEM BY POINTING OUT INADEQUACIES IN KNOWLEDGE AND
IN CONCEPTUAL, MATHEMATICAL, AND COMPUTER MODELS USED AS TOOLS, AND
WHEN SUFFICIENT GOOD EVIDENCE HAS BEEN COLLECTED, SYSTEMS METHODS ARE
POWERFUL TOOLS FOR PROBLEM SOLVING AND MANAGEMENT. THE GENERAL
CONCLUSION IS THAT A SYSTEMS-MODELING APPROACH TO QUALITY PROBLEMS IN
THE GREAT LAKES IS FEASIBLE AND SHOULD BE INSTIGATED AS SOON AS
POSSIBLE ON AS LARGE A GEOGRAPHICAL SCALE AS POSSIBLE. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, 06A
ACCESSION NO. W69-03059
22
-------
POWER GENERATION UNDER IJC REGULATION,
NEW YORK STATE POWER AUTHORITYt NIAGARA FALLS.
GEORGE T. BERRY.
PROC AMER SOC CIV ENGt J POWER DIV» VOL 94, NO P02t PP 217-231, NOV 1968. 15
P, 9 FIGt 1 TAB, 2 REF, APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*RIVER REGULATION, FLOOD CONTROL, PUMPED STORAGE, LAKES, *NAVIGATION,
WATER RESOURCES, HYDROELECTRIC POWER, STREAMFLOW RECORDS, *ELECTRIC
POWER PRODUCTION, STREAMFLOW, REGULATED FLOW, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER,
ECONOMICS, INFLOW, OUTFLOWS, FEASIBILITY, GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE, *LAKE
ONTARIO.
IDENTIFIERS;
OPERATING CRITERIA, NIAGARA RIVER, NIAGARA FALLS, GREAT LAKES POWER
DVLPMT., ST. LAWRENCE POWER PROJECT(CANADA).
ABSTRACT:
THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION AND ITS BOARDS OF CONTROL COMPRISE
THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORITY PRESCRIBING THE LIMITS WITHIN WHICH THE
HYDROELECTRIC RESOURCES OF THE ST. LAWRENCE AND NIAGARA RIVERS ARE PUT
TO USE. TO FACILITATE DEVELOPING REGULATION PLANS APPROPRIATE FOR
PRESENTLY EXISTING GREAT LAKES BASIN CONDITIONS, A HOMOGENEOUS SET OF
UNREGULATED LAKE ONTARIO LEVELS AND FLOWS CONSISTENT WITH EXISTING
DIVERSION TO AND FROM THE GREAT LAKES, EXISTING LAKE SUPERIOR
REGULATION, AND EXISTING STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE
CONNECTING CHANNELS WERE DERIVED BY ADJUSTING THE NATURAL RECORD FOR
CHANGES TO THESE FACTORS. CRITERIA USED FOR DEVELOPING LAKE ONTARIO
REGULATION PLANS ARE GIVEN. REGULATION PLANS HAVE EVOLVED AS EXPERIENCE
HAS BEEN GAINED, RESULTING IN BETTER USE OF WATER RESOURCES.
FLEXIBILITY IN THE ST. LAWRENCE RELEASES AND PUMPED STORAGE FACILITIES
AT THE NIAGARA PROJECT CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE THE
COST OF POWER REQUIRED FROM THERMAL SOURCES TO MEET NEW YORK POWER
NEEDS. STUDIES ARE UNDERWAY TO DETERMINE HOW MUCH ADDITIONAL VALUE
NIAGARA POWER OUTPUT WOULD HAVE IF LAKE ERIE OUTFLOWS WERE CONTROLLED.
(USBR)
FIELD (KA
ACCESSION NO. W69-03781
23
-------
DISPOSITION OF STATE UNDERWATER LANDS. ,
N Y PUB LANDS LAW SEC 3 (4) (5) (MCKINNEY SUPP 1968).
DESCRIPTORS:
*NEW YORK, *BEDS, *PERMITS, LEGISLATION, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES,
ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION, JURISDICTION, LAKE ERIE, NAVIGATION,
AVULSION, EROSION, SANDS, GRAVELS, REGULATION, LEGAL ASPECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
CANAL LANDS, SALT SPRING CONSERVATION LAND.
ABSTRACT:
THE COMMISSIONER OF GENERAL SERVICES IS AUTHORIZED TO TRANSFER TO ANY
STATE DEPARTMENT OR AGENCY THE JURISDICTION OVER ANY LANDS, INCLUDING
SUBMERGED LANDS, ABANDONED CANAL LANDS AND SALT SPRINGS RESERVATION
LAND. THE COMMISSIONER MAY LICENSE AND REGULATE THE TAKING OF SAND,
GRAVEL OR OTHER MATERIALS FOUND IN DEPOSIT IN OR UPON THE UNDER WATER
LANDS OF THE STATE. THE COMMISSIONER MAY AUTHORIZE THE TAKING OF SOIL
FROM STATE UNDER WATER LAND WHEN TAKEN BY AN UPLAND OWNER FOR THE
IMPROVEMENT OR THE PROTECTION OF HIS UPLAND FROM THE ACTION OF THE
WATER OR FOR THE RESTORATION OF HIS UPLAND. (CHILDS-FLA)
' FIELD 06E, (KC
ACCESSION NO. W69-03919
24
-------
WATER POLLUTION IN THE GREAT LAKES BASINf
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION, GREAT LAKES REGION, CHICAGO,
.ILL.
H. W. POSTON.
LIMNOS, VOL 1* NO It PP 6-11, SPRING 1968. 6 P, 6 PHOTO.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *WATER POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, EUTROPHICATION, FISHKILL, ALGAE, OXYGEN SAG, WATER
QUALITY, CHLORIDES, PHOSPHORUS, SULFATES, HARDNESS(WATER).
IDENTIFIERS:
GREAT LAKES BASIN, BACTERIAL POLLUTION.
ABSTRACT:
THE CAUSES OF HATER POLLUTION OF THE GREAT LAKES BASIN, PRESENTLY
AVAILABLE REMEDIES, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION IN POLLUTION CONTROL
ARE DISCUSSED. THE LAKES, PARTICULARLY LAKE ERIE, ARE BECOMING
EUTROPHIC BECAUSE OF WASTE DISCHARGES. TERTIARY TREATMENT WITH
PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL HILL ALLEVIATE THE PROBLEM AND ALSO REDUCE
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND. CHLORIDES, SULFATES, AND HARDNESS ARE
INCREASING. BACTERIAL POLLUTION IS A SERIOUS PROBLEM IN TRIBUTARIES,
AND IN LOCAL ^ZONES IN THE GREAT LAKES NEAR POPULATION CENTERS WHERE
RECREATIONAL DEMAND IS ALSO HIGHEST. ELIMINATION OF COMBINED SEWERS AS
WELL AS BETTER SEWAGE TREATMENT HILL HELP. CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
CAUSED BY INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISPOSAL IS WIDESPREAD. OXYGEN LEVELS ARE
LOW IN STREAMS, SMALL LAKES, AND THE CENTRAL BASIN OF LAKE ERIE. AN
UNUSUAL FORM OF POLLUTION IS THE OVER-POPULATION OF ALEWIVES IN LAKE
MICHIGAN. PERIODIC FISHKILLS LITTER THE SHORE. ONE OF THE MAIN
DIFFICULTIES IN SOLVING GREAT LAKES PROBLEMS IS DIVERSITY AND NEED FOR
COORDINATION OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN THE BASIN. CREATION OF THE WATER
QUALITY STANDARDS AND THE GREAT LAKES BASIN COMMISSION SHOULD HELP. .
(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05B, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W69-03948
25
-------
THE ROLE OF LAW IN A SYSTEM FOR LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
EARL FINBAR MURPHY.
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY WATER RESOURCES CENTER, THIRD ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON WATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH, SYSTEMS APPROACH TO WATER QUALITY IN THE GREAT LAKES,
SEPTEMBER, 1967, PP 105-115.
DESCRIPTORS:
METHODOLOGY, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING,
NON-STRUCTURAL ALTERNATIVES, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, ADMINISTRATIVE
AGENCIES, LEGAL ASPECTS, JURISDICTION.
ABSTRACT:
THE ESSAY EXAMINES THE ROLE OF LAW IN A SYSTEM TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY
OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO, THE MOST POLLUTED OF THE GREAT LAKES.
EXISTING LEGAL BODIES PASS LAWS THAT CANNOT BE ENFORCED. THE ESSAY
SUGGESTS THAT THE PROPOSED GREAT LAKES BASIN COMMISSION BE GIVEN
JURISDICTION IN ALL THE AREAS WHERE DRAINAGE BREAKS TOWARD THE LAKES.
IT SHOULD WORK CLOSELY WITH NATIONAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND OTHER
GOVERNMENTS IN THE AREA, BUT SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO FORM AND GOVERN
ITSELF. MODELS FOR SUCH AN APPROACH ARE THE RUHRVERBAND IN GERMANY, THE
DELAWARE RIVER BASIN COMMISSION IN THE UNITED STATES, AND THE STREAM
CONTROL ASSOCIATIONS IN ENGLAND. MEANS OF FINANCING ARE DISCUSSED.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AS A METHOD IS DISCUSSED AS A DYNAMIC MODE OF ANALYSIS
THAT VIEWS NATURE AS A WHOLE, MAN AS A SINGLE PART. ITS FUNCTION IS TO
CREATE VIABLE BALANCES OF NATURE BASED ON PATTERNS OF HUMAN ACTIVITY;
AND, IF THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE, TO PROVIDE THE EVIDENCE FOR LEGISLATING
CHANGE IN HUMAN ACTIVITY. (GOSSEN-CHICAGO)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-04212
26
-------
ANNUAL REPORT* FISCAL YEAR 1968,
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
G. P. HANNAt JR.
ANNUAL REPORT TO OFFICE OF WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, SEPTEMBER It 1968. 118 P,
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, ^PROGRAMS, ACID MINE WATER, GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
EUTROPHICATION, GROUND WATER, HYDROLOGY, SMALL WATERSHEDS, WATER
QUALITY, ALGAE, PHOSPHATES, ECONOMICS, RECREATION DEMAND, TAXES,
APPALACHIA.
ABSTRACT:
EIGHT CURRENT ALLOTMENT PROJECTS AND SEVEN MATCHING GRANTS PROJECTS ARE
DESCRIBED. A STRONG ORIENTATION OF THE CENTER'S ACTIVITIES TOWARD THE
PROBLEMS OF WATER QUALITY IN LAKE ERIE IS EVIDENCED BY THESE PROJECTS.
FOUR BIOLOGICAL PROJECTS WERE DESIGNED TO FILL CRITICAL GAPS IN THE
AVAILABLE KNOWLEDGE PERTAINING TO CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
PHENOMENA IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE AND ITS TRIBUTARY STREAMS. TWO PROJECTS
INVOLVING THE ECONOMICS OF THE AREA ALSO PROVIDES THE BROADENING OF OUR
INVOLVEMENT IN THE LAKE ERIE BASIN. TWO PROJECTS, ASSOCIATED WITH THE
CENTER'S EARLIER EMPHASIS ON ACID MINE DRAINAGE, REMAIN. THREE
HYDROLOGICAL PROJECTS ARE ALSO INCLUDED; ONE DEALING WITH
CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL WATERSHEDS, THE OTHER TWO RELATING TO
GROUND-WATER FLOWS. COMPLETION OF A STUDY ON STRONTIUM ISOTOPE AND
TRACE-ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN LAKE HURON IS ALSO REPORTED. A
SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY IS ALSO UNDERWAY TO EXAMINE COMMUNITY REACTIONS TO
WATER PROBLEMS IN RELATION TO PLANNING.
FIELD 090 •
ACCESSION NO. W69-05160
27
-------
RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS CREATED BY INCREASED PHOSPHORUS LEVELS OF SURFACE
WATERSt
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV., CARBONDALE. DEPTi OF BOTANY.
JACOB VERDUIN.
RESERVOIR FISH RESOURCES SYMPt GEORGIA UNIV, APR 5-7, 1967, PP 200-206, 1967.
7 P, 1 FIG, 3 TAB, 15 REF.
DESCRIPTORS: -
*RESERVOIR OPERATION, *EUTROPHICATION, *PHOSPHORUS, LAKE ERIE, ALGAE,
SEWAGE TREATMENT, TERTIARY TREATMENT, NUTRIENTS, NITROGEN, LAGOONS.
IDENTIFIERS:
RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL.
ABSTRACT:
PHOSPHORUS LEVELS HAVE INCREASED IN FRESH WATERS OF THE U.S.A. ABOUT
FOUR-FOLD DURING THE -PAST 20 YEARS. PRESENT LEVELS ARE IN THE VICINITY
OF 109-200 MICROGRAMS/LITER, AND ARE ABOUT 10 TIMES HIGHER THAN THE
LEVELS CONSIDERED. SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE NUISANCE CONCENTRATIONS OF
ALGAE. NITROGEN TO PHOSPHORUS RATIOS HAVE DROPPED FROM VALUES OF 35 TO
ABOUT 9, IN LAKE ERIE, INDICATING A MORE NEARLY BALANCED N:P SUPPLY.
HIGH NUTRIENT LEVELS ARE LIKELY TO CREATE SUCH INCREASED PROBLEMS FOR
RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT AS FOUL ODORS AND TASTES IN DRINKING WATER, LARGE
DEPOSITS OF ALGAE ON BEACHES, AND FISH AND BENTHOS MORTALITY. IT IS
SUGGESTED THAT LAGOONS BE CONSTRUCTED AS AN ADJUNCT TO SEWAGE TREATMENT
PLANTS TO REDUCE NUTRIENT LEVELS BY NATURAL CROPPING BEFORE RELEASING
SEWAGE AFFLUENTS TO OUR STREAMS AND LAKES. 1KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H.
ACCESSION NO. W69-05470
28
-------
STATE SQUIRE V CITY OF CLEVELAND (FILL LAND AND HIGHWAY USE AS TO LITTORAL
RIGHTS).
74 NE 20 438-459 JOHIO CT APP 1947).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *ACCESS ROUTESt "RIPARIAN RIGHTS, *RIPARIAN LANDS, LEGISLATION,
CITIES, HIGHWAYS, LANDFILLS, BEDS, LAKES, LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES,
REASONABLE USE, CONDEMNATION, EMINENT DOMAIN, PUBLIC BENEFITS, PUBLIC
RIGHTS, PUBLIC LANDS, LEGAL ASPECTS, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, LITTORAL,
NAVIGATION, PIERS.
IDENTIFIERS:
STATE STATUTES.
ABSTRACT:
> PLAINTIFF SOUGHT A DECLARATORY JUDGMENT CONCERNING THE RIGHTS OF THE
PARJIES IN CERTAIN LANDFILLS ADJACENT TO PLAINTIFF'S LITTORAL LANDS.
THE PLAINTIFF ALSO SOUGHT TO ENJOIN DEFENDANT FROM MAINTAINING A
THOROUGHFARE OVER THE LANDFILL. THE DEFENDANT CONTENDED THAT ITS
ACTIVITIES WERE SANCTIONED BY STATE STATUTE AUTHORIZING CITIES TO
CONSTRUCT MARGINAL THOROUGHFARES ALONG THE SHORELINE AND ACROSS
LANDFILLS ALONG LAKE ERIE. THE PLAINTIFF ARGUED THAT PART OF THE
ENABLING STATUTE RELIED ON BY THE DEFENDANT WAS UNCONSTITUTIONAL IN
REGARD TO CERJAIN ISSUES NOT AT BAR. THE PLAINTIFF CONTENDED THAT THE
ENTIRE STATUTE WAS VOID DUE TO THE INVALIDITY OF THAT SECTION. THE
COURT UPHELD THE STATUTE DESPITE PARTIAL INVALIDITY. PLAINTIFF
CONTENDED THAT DEFENDANT WAS NOT CONFORMING TO THE STATUTORY
FIEQUIREMENT THAT THE THOROUGHFARE BE UTILIZED FOR PURPOSES OF COMMERCE
AND NAVIGATION. THE COURT HELD THAT THE HIGHWAY REGULATION FORBIDDING
TRUCK TRAVEL WAS THEREFORE ILLEGAL, BUT DENIED PLAINTIFFS FURTHER
CONTENTION THAT THEIR LITTORAL RIGHTS TO WHARF OUT INTO NAVIGABLE WATER
HAD BEEN VIOLATED, RECOGNIZING THAT PLAINTIFFS COULD RETAIN ACCESS TO
SUCH WATER BY CONSTRUCTION OF OVERPASSES AND UNDERPASSES. (KATZ-FLA)
FIELD 04C, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-05555
29
-------
WASTES, WATER, AND WISHFUL THINKING: THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE,
CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV., CLEVELAND.
ARNOLD W. REITZE, JR.
CASE W RES L REV, VOL 20, NO 1, PP 5-86, NOV 1968. 82 P, 448 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
POLLUTANTS, WASTES, THERMAL POLLUTION, TOXI-NS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES,
PHOSPHATES, ALGAE, SEWAGE, WATER POLLUTION, WATER LAW, WATER POLLUTION
EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER POLLUTION TREATMENT, FINANCING,
GRANTS, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, STATE GOVERNMENTS, WATER QUALITY STANDARDS.
ABSTRACT:
LAKE ERIE IS SERIOUSLY POLLUTED, AND ITS CONTINUED USE AS A PUBLIC
WATER SUPPLY IS IN JEOPARDY. THE POLLUTANTS INCLUDE SEWAGE, PHOSPHATES,
ORGANIC CHEMICALS, AND PETROLELUM PRODUCTS. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS
PASSED POLLUTION STATUTES WHICH DATE BACK TO THE 19TH CENTURY, BUT THE
FIRST-SERIOUS ATTEMPT TO CLEAN UP LAKE ERIE BEGAN IN 1965, UNDER THE
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT. UNDER THIS ACT, THE STATES ARE
REQUIRED TO SET WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR THEIR NAVIGABLE WATERWAYS.
EACH JURISDICTION MUST MAINTAIN THE EXISTING QUALITY OF THE WATER AND
MAY NOT ALLOW TREATABLE WASTES TO BE DISCHARGED INTO THE WATER IN AN
UNTREATED STATE. OHIO HAS ESTABLISHED POLLUTION STANDARDS, BUT THESE
STANDARDS ARE CRITICIZED BECAUSE THEY ASSUME THE WATER DOES NOT HAVE TO
BE PURE AND BECAUSE THEY ARE TOO VAGUE AND INCONSISTENT. THE POLLUTION
ABATEMENT OF LAKE ERIE REQUIRES THE EFFORTS OF FEDERAL AND STATE
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES AND OF THE COURTS. THE ATTEMPT AT POLLUTION
ABATEMENT OVER THE LAST THREE YEARS HAS ENDED IN FAILURE. OHIO EXPENDS
ONLY $239,000 YEARLY ON ITS RIVER SANITATION PROGRAM; APPROXIMATELY TEN
BILLION DOLLARS ARE NEEDED TO CLEAN LAKE ERIE. (HOFFMAN-FLA)
FIELD 05G, 05B, 06E .
ACCESSION NO. W69-06305
30
-------
LAKE FRONT EAST 55TH STREET CO V CITY OF CLEVELAND (ESTABLISHMENT OF BOUNDARY
LINES).
66 NE 20 328-329 (OHIO CT APP 1941).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO,*BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), *BOUNDARY DISPUTES, *ACCRETION(LEGAL
ASPECTS), LEGAL ASPECTS, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, NAVIGABLE WATERS, GREAT
LAKES, DAMAGES, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, CITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, SHORES,
RELATIVE RIGHTS, LAND TENURE, COMPENSATION, COMPETING USES.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF BROUGHT THIS ACTION TO ESTABLISH THE BOUNDARY LINES OF LAND
FORMED BY ACCRETION ON THE SHORE OF LAKE ERIE. AN EARLIER DECISION BY
THE STATE SUPREME COURT HAD ESTABLISHED THAT PLAINTIFF OWNED THE LAND
BUT HAD FAILED TO SET OUT THE BOUNDARIES. IN THE PRESENT CASE, THE
COURT HELD THAT A DECREE SHOULD BE ENTERED QUIETING TITLE IN THE
PLA.INTIFF. THE COURT ESTABLISHED THE EASTERLY AND WESTERLY BOUNDARIES
OF THE PROPERTY IN THE SAME LOCATIONS AS WERE FIXED IN AN EARLIER
ACTION. THE BOUNDARY^ INE, AS ESTABLISHED, INCLUDED GRADUAL ACCRETIONS
WITHIN THE TRACT, AND PLAINTIFF WAS HELD TO POSSESS RIPARIAN RIGHTS IN
RESPECT OF THIS LAND. THE COURT REMANDED FOR A DECISION ON THE ISSUE OF
COMPENSATION TO THE PLAINTIFF FOR LAND TAKEN AND FOR ANY DAMAGES TO THE
RESIDUE. (SHEVIN-FLA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-06388
31
-------
COLEMAN V SCHAEFFER (OBSTRUCTION TO NAVIGABLE STREAM).
163 OHIO ST 202, 126 NE 20 444-449 (1955).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, ^NAVIGABLE WATERSt *LAKE ERIEt *STREAMS, BRIDGES, MARINAS,
LEGISLATION* RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, STREAM
FISHERIES, FLOTATION, VEGETATION EFFECTS, STREAMFLOW, BOATS, ACCESS
ROUTES, LEGAL ASPECTS, LAKES, REMEDIES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*INJUNCT IONS(MANDATORY), INGRESS, EGRESS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFFS BROUGHT SUIT FOR MANDATORY INJUNCTIONS TO REQUIRE DEFENDANTS
TO REMOVE STEEL CABLES AND A WIRE FENCE FROM A STREAM USED BY
PLAINTIFFS IN ITS BOAT RENTAL BUSINESS. DEFENDANTS OWNED LAND ON
OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE STREAM EXTENDING UP STREAM FROM LAKE ERIE, AND
PLAINTIFFS* LAND WAS IMMEDIATELY ABOVE THESE PROPERTIES. DEFENDANTS*
CONSTRUCTION OF THE EENCE AND CABLE DESTROYED PLAINTIFFS1 RIGHT TO
TRAVEL TO AND FROM THE NAVIGABLE LAKE. THE LOWER COURTS HAD DENIED
INJUNCTIVE RELIEF. ON APPEAL, THE SUPREME COURT NOTED THAT THE ULTIMATE
QUESTION TO BE DECIDED WAS WHETHER THIS STREAM WAS A NAVIGABLE STREAM.
THE COURT INDICATED THAT THE LACK OF COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC DOES NOT
NECESSARILY INDICATE THE STREAM IS NON-NAVIGABLE. A STREAM IS
•NAVIGABLE' A"S LONG AS IT IS CAPABLE OF BEING PUT TO ANY BENEFICIAL
PUBLIC USE. ALTHOUGH THIS STREAM WAS CROSSED BY A BRIDGE WHICH HAD A
CLEARANCE OF BUT 51/2 FEET, AND ALTHOUGH IT WAS OFTEN CLOGGED WITH
VEGETATION, PLAINTIFFS OPERATED THEIR BOAT RENTAL BUSINESS FOR 14 YEARS
UNTIL StOPPED BY THE FENCE AND CABLES. THE COURT WAS OF THE OPINION
THAT THE-STREAM WAS NAVIGABLE AND THAT PLAINTIFFS WERE ENTITLED TO THE
INJUNCTIONS PRAYED FOR. (REED-FLA)
FIELD 06E ,
ACCESSION NO. W69-06584
32
-------
STATE V CITY OF CLEVELAND (RIGHT OF ACCESS TO NAVIGABLE WATERS).
150 OHIO ST 303, 82 NE 2D 709-730 (1948).
DESCRIPTORS:
*LANDFILLSt *OWNERSHIP OF BEDSt *APPROPRIATION, *OHIO, LITTORALt
RIPARIAN RIGHTS. SHALLOW WATER. LAKE ERIE. CONDEMNATION. COMPENSATION,
RIGHT OF WAY, STATE GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, DOCKS, NAVIGABLE
WATERS, NAVIGATION, WATER LAW, SHORES, CITIES, GREAT LAKES, DAMAGES,
REMEDIES, JUDICIAL DECISIONS. EMINENT DOMAIN. LEGAL ASPECTS.
NONNAVIGABLE WATERS. HIGHWAYS.
IDENTIFIERS:
FACT QUESTIONS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF OWNED LAND ON LAKE ERIE AND HAD COMMENCED TO FILL IN THE
SHALLOW NONNAVIGABLE WATERS OF THE LAKE FOR THE DUAL PURPOSE OF ADDING
UPLAND AND WHARFING OUT TO NAVIGABLE HATERS. DEFENDANT ENTERED THIS
FILL AND CONSTRUCTED .A HIGHWAY ACROSS IT* CUTTING OFF PLAINTIFF'S
ACCESS TO THE SEA. PLAINTIFF SUED FOR COMPENSATION, AND THE TRIAL COURT
ORDERED THE JURY .TO ASSESS DAMAGES. DEFENDANT APPEALED; THE COURT OF
APPEALS REVERSED, BASING ITS DECISION ON A STATUTE WHICH PROVIDED THAT
A MUNICIPAL CORPORATION COULD BUILD ANY WORK IN AID OF NAVIGATION AND
MATER COMMERCE UPON >ILL ON SUBMERGED LAND WITHOUT COMPENSATION.
PLAINTIFF APPEALED THIS DECISION. THE SUPREME COURT FOUND THAT THE
STATE HOLDS TITLE TO SUBAQUEOUS LAND IN TRUST FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE
PUBLIC RIGHTS OF NAVIGATION AND COMMERCE. THE LITTORAL OWNER HAS THE
RIGHT TQ WHARF OUT TO NAVIGABLE WATERS PROVIDED HE DOES NOT INTERFER
WITH THOSE PUBLIC RIGHTS. THE CASE TURNED ON WHETHER THE HIGHWAY WAS
BUILT IN-AID OF NAVIGATION AND WATER COMMERCE. DETERMINATION OF SUCH A
QUESTION IS PROVINCE OF THE JURY, AND THUS. THE COURT REVERSED AND
REMANDED FOR A NEW TRIAL. (GABRIELSON-FLA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-06619
33
-------
LEGAL ASPECTS FOR CONTROL OF INTRASTATEt INTERSTATE AND INTERNATIONAL WATERS,
MICHIGAN STATE ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL.
NICHOLAS V, OLDS.
THE FRESH WATER OF NEW YORK STATE: ITS CONSERVATION AND USE, PP 116-123t WM C
BROWN BOOK CO, DUBUQUE, IOWA, 1967. 8 P, 15 REF. EDITED BY LAUREN B.
HITCHCOCK.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LEGAL ASPECTS, *WATER CONTROL, *GREAT LAKES, ADMINISTRATION, HARBORS,
ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY, WATER MANAGEMENT, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, BOUNDARY
DISPUTES, MICHIGAN, OHIO, LAKE ERIE, MINNESOTA, WISCONSIN, NAVIGATION,
RECREATION, WATER POLLUTION.
t.
IDENTIFIERS:
INTfRSTATE PROBLEMS* INTRASTATE PROBLEMS, INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS, LAKE
LEVELS, OWNERSHIP, DEEP DRAFT OCEAN NAVIGATION, INTERNATIONAL
GOVERNMENT, PILOTAGE, TOLLS.
. ABSTRACT: . .
THE GREAT LAKES CONSTITUTES THE GREATEST BODY OF FRESH WATER IN THE
WORLD AND IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE GREATEST WATERWAYS. THE BASIN
ENCOMPASSES E.IGHT STATES, TWO PROVINCES AND TWO NATIONS. MANY
INTRASTATE* INTERSTATE AND INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS OF A HIGHLY COMPLEX
NATURE NEED TO BE RESOLVED* IN THE PAST THERE HAVE BEEN BOUNDARY
DISPUTES SETTLED BOTH BY SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AND INTERSTATE
COMPACTS. THE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO MANY TREATIES
AND IS FIXED BY 'AN INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY COMMISSION. OTHER PROBLEMS OF
THE GREAT LAKES, MANY HAVING ECONOMIC ASPECTS, CONCERN LAKE LEVELS, THE
OWNERSHIP OF NATURAL RESOURCES* THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTS AND HARBORS,
THE DEEPENING OF CHANNELS AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ST. LAWRENCE
SEAWAY WHICH OPENED THE GREAT LAKES TO DEEP DRAFT OCEAN NAVIGATION. IT
IS ARGUED THAT THE EIGHT GREAT LAKES STATES AS WELL AS THE TWO CANADIAN
PROVINCES SHOULD PLAY THEIR RIGHTFUL ROLE IN THE MANAGEMENT AND
REGULATION OF THESE MATER RESOURCES IN COOPERATION WITH FEDERAL AND
INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS AND ENTITIES. (SEE W69-08076). (LOEB-RUTGERS)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-08080
34
-------
CLEVELAND BOAT SERVICE V CITY OF CLEVELAND (CONDEMNATION VALUE OF ACCRETED
LAND).
130 NE 2D 421-430 (OHIO CT APP 1955).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *CONDEMNATION, *RIPARIAN LANDt *LAKE ERIE, NAVIGABLE WATERS,
LAKE SHORES* JUDICIAL DECISIONS, BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), LANDFILLS, LAND
TENURE, CONDEMNATION VALUE, DAMAGES, COMPETING USES, ACCRETION(LEGAL
ASPECTS), BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), LEGAL ASPECTS, WATER LAW.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LI:TTORAL PROPRIETORSHIP, *PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE.
ABSTRACT:
IN A LOWER COURT LESSEE RECOVERED A $50,000 JUDGEMENT FOR DAMAGES
AGAINST THE CITY OF CLEVELAND, THE CONDEMNOR. THE BASIS OF THE SUIT WAS
INTERFERENCE BY THE CITY WITH LEASED REALTY ALONG THE SHORELINE OF LAKE
ERIE BY CONSTRUCTING A FREEWAY ON PART OF PLAINTIFF-LESSEE'S LEASEHOLD
ADJACENT TO THE LAKE.ERIE SHORELINE. ON APPEAL BY THE CONDEMNOR ON
QUESTIONS OF LAW, THE OHIO COURT OF APPEALS REVERSED AND REMANDED. IN
THE LOWER COURT, CONDEMNOR WAS NOT ALLOWED TO INTRODUCE EVIDENCE THAT
THE LEASE PURPORTED TO COVER LAND FORMED BY FILLING IN THE WATERS OF
LAKE ERIE BEYOND THE NATURAt SHORELINE. THE UPPER COURT HELD THAT THIS
EVIDENTIARY EXCLUSION CONSTITUTED PREJUDICIAL ERROR SINCE, IF
CONDEMNOR'S ALLEGATION WERE TRUE, THE TITLE TO THE SHORELINE OVER WHICH
THIS DISPUTE AROSE WOULD REPOSE IN THE STATE OF OHIO AS TRUSTEE FOR THE
PEOPLE AND ANY LEASE EXECUTED PERTAINING TO SUCH LAND WOULD BE VOID AB
INITIO. THE LITTORAL RIGHTS OF PLAINTIFF UNDER SUCH CIRCUMSTANCES WOULD
BE SUBJECT TO REGULATION AND CONTROL BY THE STATE AND FEDERAL
GOVERNMENTS. (CARRUTHERS-FLA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W69-08140
-------
NATURAL AND POLLUTION SOURCES OF IODINE* BROMINE, AND CHLORINE IN THE GREAT
LAKES*
MICHIGAN UNIV.t ANN ARBOR. DEPT* OF METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY.
MARY A. TIFFANY, JOHN W. WINCHESTER* AND RONALD H. LOUCKS.
J WATER POLLUT CONTR FEDERATION* VOL 41, NO 7, P 1319-1329, JULY 1969. 11 P,
10 FIG, 5 TAB, 13 REF. CONTRACT NO AT(11-1)-1705AEC).
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES, *TRACE ELEMENTS, *WATER POLLUTION
EFFECTS, CHLORIDES, HALOGENS, ALGAE, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER
CHEMISTRY, WATER ANALYSIS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*BROMINE, *IODINE.
ABSTRACT?
THIS STUDY INVOLVES THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS I, BR, AND CL
IN THE GREAT LAKES, USING NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF 90 WATER
SAMPLES PROM LAKE SUPERIOR AND ITS TRIBUTARY STREAMS, LAKE MICHIGAN,
SOUTHERN LAKE HURON, LAKE ST. CLAIR, WESTERN LAKE ERIE, AND NORTHERN
LAKE ONTARIO. POSSIBLE POLLUTION BY BROMINE THROUGH AN ATMOSPHERIC
ROUTE IS OF INTEREST BECAUSE OF THE COMBUSTION OF LEADED GASOLINE.
IODINE DEFICIENCY IN LAKE WATER MAY BE RELATED TO THYROID DISORDERS
AMONG MARINE FISH WHICH HAVE BECOME ADAPTED TO FRESH WATER, AND ALGAE
MAY OFFER COMPETITION FOR THE AVAILABLE IODINE. CHLORINE IS A
NOTICEABLE CONTAMINANT EXCEPT IN LAKE SUPERIOR. THE LAKE SUPERIOR
STREAMS APPEAR TO REPRESENT A GOOD AVERAGE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS OF
I, BR, AND CL. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02K
ACCESSION NO. W69-08562 .
36
-------
A NOTE ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF GRAIN SIZEt CLAY CONTENT, QUARTZ AND ORGANIC
CARBON IN SOME LAKE ERIE AND LAKE ONTARIO SEDIMENTS,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
CENTRE FOR INLAND WATERS.
R. L. THOMAS.
J SEDIMENT PETROL, VOL 39, NO 2, PP 803-809, JUNE 1969. 7 P, 5 FIG, 2 TAB, 1
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, *ORGANIC MATTER, CLAYS, SANDS,
SILTS, CARBON, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, GREAT LAKES, DEPOSITION SEDIMENTS),
QUARTZ, SEDIMENTATION, PARTICLE SHAPE, PARTICLE SIZE.
IDENTIFIERS:
GREAT LAKES SEDIMENTS.
ABSTRACT: -
AN EXAMINATION OF THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF FINE-GRAINED SEDIMENTS IN
RELATION TO SIZE .FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION WAS CARRIED OUT ON SEDIMENT
SAMPLES FROM LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO. THIS STUDY DEMONSTRATED A DIRECT
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UNDER 2 MICRON GRAIN SIZE AND THE THEORETICAL
CLAY CONTENT .COMPUTED FROM THE ORGANIC CARBON, QUARTZ AND CARBONATE
CONTENT. A SYMPATHETIC RELATIONSHIP WAS OBSERVED BETWEEN CLAY CONTENT
AND ORGANIC CARBON, AND ALSO BETWEEN MEDIAN GRAIN SIZE AND QUARTZ
CONTENT. THE FORMER RELATIONSHIP IS BELIEVED TO BE THE RESULT OF
ABSORPTION FROM SOLUTION AND THE LATTER IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY NATURAL
SEDIMENTATION FROM SUSPENSION. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02J> 02K
ACCESSION NO. W69-08586
37
-------
IN RE SCIOTO-SANDUSKY CONSERVANCY DISTRICT (FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICTS).
109 NE 20 51-54 (CT APP OHIO 1952).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIOt *FLOOD CONTROLt *LEVEES, *DAMS, RESERVOIRSt MULTI-PURPOSE
PROJECTS, LEGISLATION, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, LEGAL ASPECTS, RIVERS, OHIO
RIVER, WATERSHEDS, ENGINEERS, PUBLIC BENEFITS, PUBLIC HEALTH, DRAINAGE,
LAKE ERIE, FINANCING, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*FLOOD DISTRICT, SCIOTO RIVER, SANDUSKY RIVER.
ABSTRACT:
THE SCIOTO-SANDUSKY CONSERVANCY DISTRICT WAS ESTABLISHED BY A GENERAL
LEGISLATIVE ACT. THE DISTRICT ADOPTED ITS OFFICIAL PLAN, CERTAIN
PERSONS OBJECTED, AND A SPECIAL HEARING WAS HELD. THE COURT CONDUCTING
THE. HEARING APPROVED THE PLAN AFTER CERTAIN AMENDMENTS WERE MADE. THIS
RULING WAS APPEALED BY THE OBJECTORS. MOST OF THE OBJECTIONS CONCERNED
A CERTAIN DAM AND RESERVOIR IN TWO SPECIFIC COUNTIES. IN RESPECT TO
THESE-PROJECTS* THE OFFICIAL PLAN CALLED FOR THEM TO BE FINANCED BY
FEDERAL FUNDS. THE OBJECTORS CLAIMED THAT DURING THE INTERIM BETWEEN
THE PLAN'S ADOPTION AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT'S ACTION, THERE WILL BE
A LONG PERIOD OF UNCERTAINTY THAT WOULD BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE PERSONS
AFFECTED. THE COURT^HELD THAT SINCE THE PURPOSE OF THE PLAN WAS TO
PROVIDE FOR THE HEALTH AND WELFARE OF THE PUBLIC, IT MUST BE LIBERALLY
CONSTRUED AND REJECTED THIS CONTENTION AS MERE CONJECTURE. THE COURT
SAID THAT A FEW MUST NECESSARILY BE INCONVENIENCED SO THAT A BENEFIT
NAY ACCRUE TO MANY. THE COURT APPROVED THE OFFICIAL PLAN AS AMENDED.
(SHEVIN-FLA)
FIELD 06E* 04A
ACCESSION NO. W69-08777
38
-------
VIAN V SHEFFIELD BLOG. AND DEV. CO. (SUIT TO ENJOIN DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE).
88 NE 20 410-415 (CT APR OHIO 1948).
DESCRIPTORS:
'"OHIO, *SEWAGE, ^SURFACE DRAINAGE* *PRESCRIPTIVE RIGHTS, PUMPING
PLANTS* SEWAGE EFFLUENTS* SEWAGE DISPOSAL* SURFACE WATERS* DRAINAGE*
SEWERS* DITCHES* LAKE ERIE* BEACHES* DISCHARGE(WATER), LEGAL ASPECTS*
JUDICIAL DECISIONS, RELATIVE RIGHTS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, ALTERATION OF
FLOW.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF HEREIN WAS SEEKING TO ENJOIN DEFENDANT BUILDING AND
DEVELOPMENT COMPANY FROM* (1) DISCHARGING SURFACE WATERS UPON
PLAINTIFF'S PROPERTY; AND (2) CASTING SEWAGE AND/OR DISPOSAL PLANT
EFFLUENT THEREUPON THROUGH THE USE OF DITCHES AND SEWERS. THE COURT
FOUND THAT PLAINTIFF HAD FAILED TO SUSTAIN THE BURDEN OF PROOF OF
SHOEING THAT DEFENDANT HAD IN FACT DIVERTED AND CAST SURFACE WATERS
UPON PLAINTIFF'S PROPERTY. THE COURT FURTHER HELD THAT IN ACCORDANCE
WITH OHIO LAW ONE MAY NOT OBTAIN BY PRESCRIPTION OR OTHERWISE THAN BY
PURCHASE A RIGHT TO CAST SEWAGE UPON THE LANDS OF ANOTHER WITHOUT HIS
CONSENT. PLAINTIFF MET HIS BURDEN OF PROOF IN SHOWING THAT DEFENDANT
HAD CAUSED SEWAGE TO FLOW UPON PLAINTIFF'S PROPERTY, AND THE REQUEST
FOR AN INJUNCTION WAS GRANTED. (LOGAN-FLA)
FIELD. 05G, 06E *
ACCESSION NO. W69-09064
39
-------
FIGHTING WATER POLLUTION.
PERFORMED LINE PRODUCTS CO. OF CLEVELAND* OHIO.
UNDER SEA TECHNOL, VOL 10t NO 5, P 46-47, MAY 1969.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION, *BUOYS, *LAKE ERIE, TEMPERATURE, WAVES
-------
DISTRIBUTION OF OLIGOCHAETES IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE* 1961*
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES* ANN ARBOR, MICH. BIOLOGICAL LAB.
JARL K. HILTUNEN.
LIMNOL AND OCEANOGR, VOL 14, NO 2, MAR 1969. P 260-264, 5 P, 9 FIG, 15 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*OLIGOCHAETES, *LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, SAMPLING, TUBIFICIDS, ESTUARIES,
RIVERS, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION, MAPPING, RUNOFF, ECOLOGY, ECOLOGICAL
DISTRIBUTION.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ERIE OLIGOCHAETES.
ABSTRACT:
A TOTAL OF 52,390 OLIGOCHAETES WERE COLLECTED FROM 40 STATIONS IN
WESTERN LAKE ERIE IN SPRING 1961. THE POPULATION WAS COMPOSED OF 2
FAMILIES, NAIDIDAE AND TUBIFICIDAE. ONLY 6 SPECIES OF NAIDIDS WERE
FOUND. ONE, PARANA IS FRICI, IS APPARENTLY NEW TO THE LIST OF NORTH
AMERICAN FRESHWATER'NAIDIDAE. AMONG THE 14 TUBIFICIDS FOUND, 5 SPECIES
OF LIMNODRILUS WERE MOST ABUNDANT; THEY CONTRIBUTED 90* OR MORE OF ALL
OLIGOCHAETES AT 33 OF THE 40 STATIONS. NUMBERS OF LIMNODRILUS WERE
GENERALLY LARGE NEAR THE MOUTHS OF THE DETROIT, RAISIN, AND MAUMEE
RIVERS AND DECREASED PROGRESSIVELY LAKEWARD. STYLODRILUS HERINGIANUS, A
POLLUTION-INTOLERANT SPECIES COMMON IN EASTERN LAKE ERIE, WAS NOT FOUND
IN THE WESTERN END OF THE LAKE. (GABRIEL-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION .NO. W69-09256
41
-------
EUTROPHICATION OF THE ST. LAWRENCE GREAT LAKES,
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, ANN ARBOR, MICH.
ALFRED M. BEETON.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, VOL 10, NO 2, P 240-254, 1965. 4 FIG, 3 TAB, 52
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *EUTROPHICATION, *HYPOLIMNION, *LAKE MORPHOMETRY, *LAKE
MORPHOLOGY, *DISSOLVED OXYGEN, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS, *NUTRIENTS,
OLIGOTROPHY, PHOSPHORUS, NITROGEN, BIOTA, SEWAGE DISPOSAL, DOMESTIC
WASTES. ;
IDENTIFIERS:
*MESOTROPHY, TRANSPARENCY, SPECIFIC CONDUCTION. i
ABSTRACT:
LA'KES HURON, MICHIGAN, AND SUPERIOR ARE CLASSIFIED AS OLIGOTROPHIC
LAKES ON THE BASIS OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, AND PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS. LAKE ONTARIO, ALTHOUGH RICH IN NUTRIENTS, IS
MORPHOMETRICALLY OLIGOTROPHIC OR MESOTROPHIC BECAUSE OF ITS LARGE AREA
OF DEEP WATER. LAKE ERIE, THE MOST PRODUCTIVE OF THE LAKES AND THE
SHALLOWEST, IS EUTROPHIC. SEVERAL CHANGES COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH
EUTROPHICATION IN SMALL LAKES HAVE BEEN OBSERVED IN THE GREAT LAKES.
THESE CHANGES APPARENTLY REFLECT ACCELERATED EUTROPHICATION IN THE
GREAT LAKES DUE TO MAN'S ACTIVITY. CHEMICAL DATA COMPILED FROM A NUMBER
OF SOURCES, DATING AS EARLY AS 1854, INDICATE A PROGRESSIVE INCREASE IN
THE CONCENTRATIONS OF VARIOUS MAJOR IONS AND TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS IN
ALL OF THE LAKES EXCEPT LAKE SUPERIOR. THE PLANKTON HAS CHANGED
SOMEWHAT IN LAKE MICHIGAN AND THE PLANKTON, BENTHOS, AND FISH
POPULATIONS OF LAKE ERIE ARE GREATLY DIFFERENT TODAY FROM THOSE OF THE
PAST. AN EXTENSIVE AREA OF HYPOLIMNETIC WATER OF LAKE ERIE HAS
DEVELOPED LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN LATE SUMMER WITHIN
RECENT YEARS. THE INFORMATION IS DETAILED IN TABLES AND GRAPHS.
(SHERMAN-VANDERBILT)
FIELD 05Ct 02H
ACCESSION NO. W69-09315
42
-------
CHANGES IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE DURING THE PERIOD 1948-1962,
BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV.* OHIO.
JACOB VERDUIN.
PROC OF INTERNATIONAL ASSOC OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY, VOL 15, P
639-6*4, FEB 1961. 1 FIG, 2 TAB, 5 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *LAKE ERIE, SEICHES, SAMPLING, SILTS, NUTRIENTS, LIGHT
PENETRATION, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC FAUNA, FISH,
AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS, DETERGENTS, LAKES, HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION,
NITRATES, PHOSPHATES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*l.AKE CHANGES, LAKE STUDIES, CHEMICAL CHANGES, BIOTA CHANGES, OXYGEN
DEPLETION, CARBON DIOXIDE(DAILY CHANGES), CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS,
PUT-IN-BAY(OHIO), DETROIT RIVER, MAUMEE RIVER(OHIO), MAUMEE BAY(OHIO),
ASTERIONELLA FORMOSA, TABELLARIA FENESTRATA, MELOSIRA AMBIGUA,
FRAGILLARIA CAPUCINA, COSCINODISCUS RADIATUS, MELOSIRA BINDERANA,
HEXAGENIA LIMBATA, TENDIPES PLUMOSUS, STIZOSTEDION VITREUM VITREUM,
PERCA FLAVESCENS, OSMERUS MORDAX.
ABSTRACT:
EXTENSIVE STUDIES OF WESTERN LAKE ERIE HAVE BEEN MADE SINCE 1948. THE
AREA OF APPROXIMATELY 3100 SQUARE KILOMETERS IS STIRRED CONTINUALLY BY
THE SEICHES RESULTING IN RELATIVELY HOMOGENEOUS TEMPERATURES, CHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS, AND BIOLOGICAL POPULATIONS VERTICALLY. THE DETROIT
RIVER ENTERS THE BASIN'S NORTHWEST CORNER CONTRIBUTING MOST OF THE
WATER FLOWING THROUGH THE LAKE. THE MAUMEE RIVER ENTERS AT THE
SOUTHWEST CORNER, ADDING MOST OF THE SILT LOAD AND NUTRIENTS TO THE
LAKE. ABOUT 100 YEARS AGO THE LAND OF THE MAUMEE WATERSHED WAS DRAINED
AND CONVERTED FROM SWAMP TO AGRICULTURAL LAND. IN THE YEARS FROM
1948-1962, MAJOR CHANGES WERE OBSERVED IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC
FAUNA, AND FISH COMMUNITIES. CHEMICAL CHANGES ALSO NOTED INCLUDE
DECREASING OXYGEN SATURATION NEAR THE BOTTOM, INCREASING PH MAXIMA,
INCREASING CARBON DIOXIDE CHANGE RATES PER DAY, AND INCREASING NITRATE
AND PHOSPHATE LEVELS. ALL THESE CHANGES SUGGEST AN ENRICHMENT OF
WESTERN LAKE ERIE OCCURRING RATHER SHARPLY BETWEEN 1949 AND 1953.
RECORDS OF NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATIONS FOR THE MAUMEE RIVER
SHOW THAT IT CONTRIBUTES SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER NUTRIENT SUPPLIES TO
WESTERN LAKE ERIE THAN IT DID FIFTEEN YEARS AGO. THIS CAN BE ATTRIBUTED
PRIMARILY TO INCREASED FERTILIZATION ON FARMS IN THE RIVER«S WATERSHED.
(KETELLE-WIS)
FIELD 02H, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W69-10156
43
-------
SOME ASPECTS OF THE EUTROPHICATION OF HATER,
WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH LAB., STEVENAGE (ENGLAND).
MORLAIS OWENS, AND GAVIN WOOD.
WATER RESEARCHt VOL 2, P 151-159, 1968. 3 FIG, 2 TAB, 17 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *NUTRIENTS, CYANOPHYTA, FISHKILL, RESERVOIRS, SURFACE
DRAINAGE, FERTILIZERS, DETERGENTS, SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
LAKE ERIE, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER .POLLUTION EFFECTS, PHOSPHORUS
COMPOUNDS, NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*GREAT BRITAIN, NUTRIENT REMOVAL, NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS, NUTRIENT
SOURCES, ALGAL BLOOMS, OXYGEN DEPLETION, FLOWING WATER, EUTROPHICATION
EVALUATION, ALGAL NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS, SURFACE-ACTIVE MATERIALS, LAKE
WASHINGTON(WASH), ZURICHSEE(SWITZ), POTOMAC RIVER(D C), GREAT
OUSE
-------
THE ROLE OF MARINE SCIENCES IN THE MULTIPLE USES OF THE COASTAL ZONE OF LAKE
ERIE AND LAKE SUPERIORt
NATIONAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D.C. CENTER FOR TECHNO-ECONOMIC
STUDIES.
MILLER El. SPANGLER.
AVAILABLE FROM CLEARINGHOUSE AS PB 185 163 FOR $3 IN PAPER COPY, 65 CENTS IN
MICROFICHE. REP OF TECHNO-ECON STUDIES CENTER, NAT PLANNING ASS, JUNE 1969.
391 P, 7 FIG, 10 TAB, 8 APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, *PLANNING, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT, *HATER POLLUTION CONTROL, LAKE ERIE, LAKE SUPERIOR, WATER
POLLUTION TREATMENT, RECREATION, INDUSTRIAL WATER, MUNICIPAL WATER,
NAVIGATION,. GOVERNMENTS, LEGISLATION, WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED).
IDENTIFIERS:
MULTIPLE SHORELINE USES(GREAT LAKES).
ABSTRACT:
A STUDY WAS MADE TO IDENTIFY MEASURES IN MARINE SCIENCES WHICH CAN BE
APPLIED TO THE PROMOTING OF OPTIMUM USE OF THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE
GREAT LAKES. LAKE SUPERIOR AND LAKE ERIE WERE SELECTED FOR STUDY TO
ILLUSTRATE THE CONTRAST OF PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN UTILIZING THE
WATERS AND SHORELINE RESOURCES OF THE GREAT LAKES SYSTEM. LAKE SUPERIOR
IS THE LARGEST AND DEEPEST OF THE GREAT LAKES AND WITH A FEW LOCAL
EXCEPTIONS IS STILL BASICALLY OF PRISTINE CHARACTER. LAKE ERIE BY
CONTRAST, IS THE SMALLEST AND SHALLOWEST LAKE IN THE SYSTEM, AND WITH
ITS INTENSIVELY DEVELOPED SHORELINE AND HINTERLAND HAS SUFFERED
PROBABLY. THE MOST EXTREME DEGRADATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY. THE
ANALYSIS OF THESE CONDITIONS HAS LEAD TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THE
PRIORITY EMPHASIS FOR ACTION SHOULD BE DIRECTED TOWARD PRESERVATION OF
THE ESSENTIALLY UNDETERIORATED RESOURCES OF LAKE SUPERIOR, AND TO
COMBATING THE FURTHER DETERIORATION AND RESTORATION OF THE QUALITY OF
RESOURCES OF LAKE ERIE. A MAJOR CONCLUSION OF THIS STUDY IS THAT LAKE
ERIE, FAR FROM BEING A 'DEAD LAKE,' IS CAPABLE OF A SIGNIFICANT DEGREE
OF RESTORATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IF THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION
ENTERING LAKE ERIE ARE BROUGHT UNDER EFFECTIVE CONTROL. BECAUSE OF THE
RELATIVE SHALLOWNESS OF LAKE ERIE, THE PRESENT RATE OF OUTFLOW INTO
LAKE ONTARIO DISCHARGES A TOTAL VOLUME OF WATER IN ONLY 2 1/2 YR EQUAL
TO THE VOLUME OF WATER CONTAINED IN LAKE ERIE, WHICH SUGGESTS THAT
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER QUALITY COULD BE ACHIEVED IN A RELATIVELY FEW
YEARS. RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE TO REINFORCE OR TO ENCOURAGE
RECONSIDERATION OF ESSENTIAL ACTIONS LEADING TO POTENTIALLY NEW OR
EXPANDED DEVELOPMENTS OF COASTAL ZONE RESOURCES, PARTICULARLY IN THOSE
AREAS WHERE REGIONAL, NATIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL BENEFITS MAY BE
FORTHCOMING FROM A STRENGTHENED MARINE SCIENCES PROGRAM. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02L, 06B
ACCESSION NO. W70-00457
45
-------
A RECONNAISSANCE OF STREAM SEDIMENT IN THE ERIE-NIAGARA BASINt NEW YORKt
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY* ALBANY, N.Y.
R. J. ARCHER, AND A. M. LA SALA, JR.
N Y STATE WATER RESOURCES COMM BASIN PLANNING REP ENB-5, 1968. 34 P, 7 FIG, 4
TAB, 9 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEDIMENT LOAD, *NEW YORK, SUSPENDED LOAD, BED LOAD, SEDIMENT YIELD,
STREAMFLOW, EROSION, DEPOSIT ION(SEDIMENTS I, SEDIMENTATION, LAKE ERIE,
SURVEYS, SAMPLING.
IDENTIFIERS:
*ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN(NY).
ABSTRACT:
A RECONNAISSANCE STUDY OF EROSION AND DEPOSITION OF SEDIMENT IN THE
ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN INDICATES THAT THE HIGHEST SEDIMENT YIELDS, ON THE
ORDER OF 1,000 TONS/SQ MI/YR, OCCUR IN STREAMS THAT DRAIN UPLAND AREAS.
IN CONTRAST, FOR EXAMPLE, FROM THE LOWLAND PART OF THE TONAWANDA CREEK
BASIN, THE ANNUAL SEDIMENT YIELDS ARE ON THE ORDER OF 100 TONS/SQ
MI/YR. THE ESTIMATED AVERAGE ANNUAL SEDIMENT YIELDS OF STREAMS IN THE
BASIN RANGE FROM 50 TONS/SQ MI FOR LITTLE TONAWANDA CREEK AT LINDEN, TO
1,500 TONS/SQ MI FOR CAZENOVIA CREEK AT EBENEZER. THESE ESTIMATES ARE
BASED ON MEASURED INSTANTANEOUS SEDIMENT DISCHARGE AT SELECTED STREAM
STATIONS, THE SEDIMENT LOADS OF WHICH RANGED FROM 1,100 TONS/YR FOR
LITTLE TONAWANDA CREEK AT LINDEN TO 610,000 TONS/YR FOR CATTARAUGUS
CREEK AT GOWANDA. PEAK SUSPENDED-SEDIMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE RANGE
OF 2,600 TO 5,300 PPM WERE OBSERVED AT 3 STATIONS IN THE CATTARAUGUS
CREEK BASIN, AS WELL AS AT BUFFALO CREEK AT GARDENVILLE, CAZENOVIA
CREEK AT EBENEZER, AND CAYUGA CREEK NEAR LANCASTER. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02J « • '
ACCESSION NO. H70-00466
46
-------
ECOLOGICAL FACTORS AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA IN THE GREAT
LAKES,
WISCONSIN UNIV., MILWAUKEE. DEPT. OF BOTANY.
RICHARD P. HERBST.
THE AMER MIDLAND NATUR, VOL 82, NO 1, P 90-98, JULY 1969. 9 P, 3 FIG, 1 TAB,
15 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*IECOLOGY, *EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES, *ALGAE, NUTRIENTS, PHOSPHORUS,
POPULATION, POLLUTANTS, MAPPING, HYDROGEN SULFIDE, CITIES, LAKE HURON,
LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE MICHIGAN, WATER TEMPERATURE, PHOSPHATES,
TURBIDITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA.
ABSTRACT:
NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT IN THE GREAT LAKES HAS PROVIDED FERTILE AREAS FOR
GROWTH OF ALGAL N.UISANCES. ONE OF THESE SPECIES, CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA,
HAS BECOME A MAJOR PROBLEM FOR MANY CITIES BORDERING THE GREAT LAKES.
ECOLOGICAL FACTORS CONCERNING ITS GROWTH IN MILWAUKEE'S HARBOR WERE
STUDIEDt AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN THE GREAT LAKES DETERMINED. PHOSPHORUS
LEVELS APPEAR^ TO BE CLOSELY LINKED WITH CLADOPHORA INCREASES.
(GABRIEL-USGS)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-00667
47
-------
COMPARATIVE ECOLOGY OF SANDSPIT PONDSt
OBERLIN COLL.* OHIO. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
EDWARD J. KORMONDY.
THE AMER MIDLAND NATURt VOL 82t NO 1, P 28-61, JULY 1969. 34 P, 9 FIG, 10
TAB, 53 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKES, *ECOLOGY, *PONDS, *SAND SPITS, LAGOONS, LAKE ERIE, ORGANIC
MATTER, VEGETATION, PLANT POPULATION, ALKALINE WATER, CARBONATES, WATER
CHEMISTRY, PHYTOPLANKTON, SEASONAL, CARBON RADIOISOTOPES, PRODUCTIVITY,
INVERTEBRATES, OXYGEN, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, MAPPING.
IDENTIFIERS:
SAND SPIT POND ECOLOGY, PRESQUE ISLAND(PA).
ABSTRACT:
LIMNOLOGY, PRODUCTIVITY AND COMMUNITY METABOLISM OF A SERIES OF BEACH
AND LAGOON PONDS, LOCATED ON A SANDSPIT IN LAKE ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA,
WERE INVESTIGATED BY USING CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL
TECHNIQUES. ORGANIC MATTER WHICH HAS ACCUMULATED TO A MAXI-M-M OF 0.8 M
IN ONE POND, RESULTS IN REDUCTION OF SIZE APPROXIMATELY 60* AND 95X IN
50 AND 75 YR, RESPECTIVELY. SIGNIFICANT MACROVEGETATIONAL
CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDE THE REPLACEMENT OF INITIAL COLONIZERS AND THE
APPEARANCE OF FLOATING-LEAVED SPECIES IN 30 OR 40 YR. THE PONDS ARE ALL
MODERATELY TO WELL BUFFERED ALKALINE SYSTEMS WITH MEDIUM TO HIGH LEVELS
OF CARBONATES. PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITY IS GREATEST IN LATE JULY TO EARLY
AUGUST WITH THE SPECIES DIVERSITY GREATEST IN MIDSUMMER. ANNUAL NET
PRODUCTIVITY IS LOWER IN OLDER BEACH PONDS, AND STANDING CROP OF
CHLOROPHYLL »A« SHOWED CONSIDERABLE VARIATION ANNUALLY AND BY STAGE OF
SUCCESSION. COLONIZATION BY INVERTEBRATES IS VIA SECONDARY INVASION
SUBSEQUENT TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PONDS. COMMUNITY METABOLISM
SHOWED A CHANGE IN THE RATIO OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO RESPIRATION FROM 1.0
IN THE YOUNGEST POND TO 0.33 IN THE OLDEST POND. (GABRIEL-USGS)
FIELD 02L, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-00671
48
-------
GROUNDWATIER RESOURCES OF THE ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN, NEW YORK,
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, ALBANY, N.Y.
A. M. LASALA, JR.
NY STATE WATER RESOURCES COMM BASIN PLANNING REP ENB-3, 1968. 114 P, 20 FIG,
5 PLATE, 9 TAB, 29 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER RESOURCES, *GROUNDWATER, *SURVEYS, *NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE,
HYDROLOGIC DATA, DATA COLLECTIONS, WATER WELLS, AQUIFERS, WATER LEVELS,
WATER QUALITY, WATER POLLUTION, GROUNDWATER MOVEMENT, INDUCED
INFILTRATION, WATER SUPPLY, DURATION CURVES, HYDROGRAPHS.
IDENTIFIERS:
ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN(NY).
ABSTRACT:
THE ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN, NEW YORK, BORDERS LAKE ERIE AND THE NIAGARA
RIVER-AND INCLUDES THE PRINCIPAL PART OF THEIR DRAINAGE BASIN IN NEW
YORK. THE PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING FORMATIONS IN THE AREA ARE GLACIAL
SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS; THE CAMILLUS SHALE, WHICH CONTAINS
INTERBEDDED GYPSUM; A LIMESTONE AQUIFER UNIT CONSISTING OF THE ONONDAGA
LIMESTONE, AKRON DOLOMITE, AND BERTIE LIMESTONE; AND THE LOCKPORT
DOLOMITE. A NUMBER OF THICK AND PERMEABLE SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS LIE
IN THE VALLEYS OF THE UPLAND REGION AND WILL YIELD SUPPLIES OF 500 TO
1,400 GPM TO INDIVIDUAL WELLS THAT ARE PROPERLY CONSTRUCTED. AVERAGE
ANNUAL RECHARGE TO THE SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS IN THE UPLAND REGION
RANGES FROM ABOUT HALF A MILLION TO 4 MGD/SQ MI. AS THE LARGER DEPOSITS
ARE EACH-SEVERAL SQUARE MILES IN EXTENT, THE POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT
IS LARGE. TO THIS POTENTIAL SHOULD BE ADDED INFILTRATION FROM STREAMS
THAT COULD BE INDUCED BY PUMPING LARGE QUANTITIES OF GROUNDWATER. THE
QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN THE APPALACHIAN UPLANDS IS MARKED BY A HIGH
HARDNESS BUT GENERALLY NOT BY OTHER UNFAVORABLE CHARACTERISTICS.
SHALLOW GROUNDWATER IN CARBONATE ROCKS AND SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS
LOCALLY HAS BEEN POLLUTED BY SEPTIC TANK EFFLUENT. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02F
ACCESSION NO. W70-00687
49
-------
RECORD LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN THE ISLAND AREA OF LAKE ERIEt
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. COLL. OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; AND OHIO STATE
.UNIV.t DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY.
N. WILSON BRITT, EDWIN J. SKOCHt AND KENNETH R. SMITH.
THE OHIO J SCI, VOL 68, NO 3, P 175-179, MAY 1968. 5 P, 1 FIG, 12 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LAKES, ^DISSOLVED OXYGEN, SAMPLING, SEASONAL, WINTER,
SUMMER, AIR TEMPERATURE, STATISTICAL METHODS, WIND VELOCITY, DISSOLVED
SOLIDS, PLANT GROWTH, NUTRIENTS, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, PHYSICOCHEMICAL
PROPERTIES, HEATHER PATTERNS, CLIMATES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*OXYGEN DEPLETION(LAKE ERIE), LAKE-WATER DISSOLVED OXYGEN.
ABSTRACT:
THE DISSOLVED OXYGEN.CONTENT OF LAKE ERIE WAS INVESTIGATED BY
COLLECTING DAILY SAMPLES FROM JUNE 22 TO AUGUST 31, 1966 AT A SINGLE
STATION SOUTH OF RATTLESNAKE ISLAND. DISSOLVED OXYGEN NEAR THE BOTTOM
FLUCTUATES CONSIDERABLY FROM 0.1 PPM RECORDED ON JULY 1 TO 9.2 PPM ON
JULY 19. TWO MORE LOW PERIODS WERE RECORDED ON AUGUST 7 (3.7 PPM) AND
AUGUST 30 (3.0 PPM )i IN EACH OF THESE 2 CASES, THE LOW-OXYGEN CONDITION
WAS ASSOCIATED WITH AN AVERAGE WIND SPEED OF ABOUT 6 KNOTS AND AIR
TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 26 DEC C. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS INDICATES A
SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WIND SPEED AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN.
(GABRIEL-USGS)
FIELD 05C,'02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-01425
50
-------
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MARINE SEDIMENTS AS RELATED TO SEISMIC VELOCITIESt
TEXAS INSTRUMENTSt INC., DALLAS.
NABIL MORGAN.
GEOPHYSICS, VOL 34, NO 4, P 529-545, AUG 1969. 17 P, 13 FIG, 3 TAB, 18 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEISMIC STUDIES, *SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE, *SEISMIC PROPERTIES, DENSITY,
POROSITY, PARTICLE SIZE, STRATIGRAPHY, DATA COLLECTIONS, STATISTICAL
METHODS, SEISMOLOGY.
IDENTIFIERS:
SEISMIC VELOCITYISEDIMENTS).
ABSTRACTS
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF SEISMIC VELOCITIES ON DIFFERENT
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS IN
LAKE ERIE HAS BEEN CONDUCTED. CORES FROM ONE LAKE BOTTOM WERE COLLECTED
AND THE LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC WAVE VELOCITIES AS WELL AS THE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES (GRAIN DENSITY, BULK DENSITY, POROSITY, MEDIAN DIAMETER, AND
PHI DEVIATION) WERE MEASURED. THE DATA WERE FITTED WITH A SECOND-ORDER
POLYNOMIAL IN ALL THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES TO THE SEISMIC VELOCITY.
INDEPENDENT. VARIABLES WERE RANKED ACCORDING TO THEIR INDIVIDUAL EFFECT
UPON THE SUM^OF THE SQUARES OF THE REGRESSION RESIDUALS. A
VARIANCE-ANALYSIS TABLE WAS SET UP, AND THE COEFFICIENTS WERE TESTED BY
A SERIES OF F RATIOS AT CERTAIN PROBABILITIES. AS POROSITY AND BULK
DENSITY ARE L INEARLY RELATED, THESE WERE NOT INCLUDED TOGETHER IN THE
SAME MODEL. THERE ARE STRONG INDICATIONS THAT THE POROSITY AND ITS
SQUARE TOGETHER WITH THE MEDIAN DIAMETER PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN
DETERMINING THE SEISMIC VELOCITY AT THE PROBABILITY OF 0.90. AT THE
HIGHER PROBABILITY OF 0.99, THE MEDIAN DIAMETER PROVED INSIGNIFICANT.
THE CUBIC TERM OF POROSITY IS INSIGNIFICANT AT THE 0.50 LEVEL.
(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02L, 07B
ACCESSION NO. W70-01433
51
-------
MICROPARTICULATES: ISOLATION FROM WATER AND IDENTIFICATION OF ASSOCIATED
CHLORINATED PESTICIDESt
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY.
R. M. PFISTERt P. R. DUGANt AND JAMES I. FREA.
SCIENCEt VOL 166t NO 3907, P 878-879, NOV 1969. 2 P, 1 TAB, 7 REF. OWRR
GRANTS A-006-OHIO AND A-013-OHIO.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PESTICIDE KINETICS, *LAKES, *ADSORPTION, *SUSPENDED LOAD, GAS
CHROMATOGRAPHY, PATH OF POLLUTANTS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, LABORATORY
TESTS, SAMPLING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON
PESTICIDES.
IDENTIFIERS*
MICROPARTICULATES, GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY,
ABSTRACT: • ' .
MICROPARTICULATES SUSPENDED IN LAKE WATER WERE COLLECTED BY CONTINUOUS
CENTRIFUGATION AND EITHER EXAMINED DIRECTLY OR PLACED ON A LINEAR
SUCROSE GRADIENT. TOTAL RESIDUE AS WELL AS FRACTIONS OF THE CENTRIFUGED
GRADIENT WERE EXTRACTED WITH HEXANE AND EXAMINED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
FOR THE PRESENCE OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES. HEXANE EXTRACTS
OF TOTAL RESIDUES WERE ALSO EXAMINED BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY.
LINDANE AND ENDRIN WERE SHOWN, BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND
THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY, TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH MICROPARTICLES. THESE
AND OTHER PESTICIDES APPEARED TO BE SELECTIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH
MICROPARTICLES OF DIFFERENT DENSITIES, WHEN GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
WAS USED,' ALTHOUGH CONCENTRATIONS WERE BELOW THE DETECTION LIMITS
REQUIRED FOR CONFIRMATION BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY. SAMPLES TAKEN
AT DIFFERENT TIMES FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN LAKE ERIE REVEALED
DIFFERENT ASSOCIATIONS WITH HEXANE-SOLUBLE ELECTRON-CAPTURING
COMPOUNDS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-01669
-------
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON CHANGES IN THE BIOTA OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO.
BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, N.Y.; AND STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORKf
.BUFFALO. RESEARCH FOUNDATION.
BULLETIN OF THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCESt VOL 25, NO 1, 1969. 84
P, 19 FIGi 2 TAB, 141 REF. SWEENEY, ROBERT A (EDITOR).
DESCRIPTORS:
*CONFERENCES, *BIOTA, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
NEW YORK, ECOLOGY, GREAT LAKES, PLANNING, E-UTROPHICAT ION, PLANKTON,
WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, COMMERCIAL FISH, FISH, LAKES, PLANTS, BENTHOS.
IDENTIFIERS:
BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AT
BUFFALO, BUFFALO(NY), LOWER GREAT LAKES, GAME FISH, ECOLOGICAL
TECHNIQUES.
ABSTRACT:
GROWING PUBLIC CONCERN EXISTS REGARDING CHANGES EFFECTED BY POLLUTION
AND CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION ON THE BIOTA OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO,
PARTICULARLY REGARDING THE DECLINE OF COMMERCIAL AND GAME FISHES, THE
MARKED INCREASE OF LESS DESIRABLE SPECIES, AND THE ALTERATION IN
QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF THE FLORA. THIS PUBLICATION REPORTS THE
PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE, HELD ON APRIL 16-17, 1968, OF A SMALL
GROUP OF INVESTIGATORS INTERESTED IN CURRENT OR PLANNED STUDIES OF
THESE LAKES. THE CONFERENCE WAS ORGANIZED BY THE BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT,
STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AT BUFFALO AND THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL
SCIENCES AND SUPPORTED BY THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF THE STATE
UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK. INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTIONS, WITH NAMES OF AUTHOR
INDICATED IN PARENTHESES, ARE: CHANGES IN THE BIOLOGY OF THE LOWER
GREAT LAKES (CHARLES A DAMBACH); PLANTS IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO, AND
CHANGES OF THEIR NUMBERS AND KINDS (CHARLES C DAVIS); AND CHANGES IN
THE BENTHOS OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO (RALPH 0 BRINKHURST). REPORT
INCLUDES AN INTRODUCTION, TRANSCRIPTION OF DISCUSSIONS FOLLOWING
INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, AND A TRANSCRIPTION OF A DISCUSSION BY ALL
PARTICIPANTS OF PROBLEMS AND TECHNIQUES. (SEE ALSO W70-01943 THRU
W70-01945). (EICHHORN-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-01942
-------
CHANGES IN THE BIOLOGY OF THE LOWER GREAT LAKES,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. NATURAL RESOURCES INST.
CHARLES A. DAMBACH.
BULLETIN OF THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, VOL 25, NO 1, P 1-17,
1969. 19 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*BIOLOGY, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE MICHIGAN, *LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE
HURON, AESTHETICS, ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, OHIO, COMMERCIAL FISHING, PUBLIC
HEALTH, WALLEYE, VEGETATION, WILD RICE, SILTS, PLANKTON, MAYFLIES,
FAUNA, FISH, OLIGOCHAETES, MIDGES, SNAILS, PHOSPHORUS, NUTRIENTS,
ALGAE, DIATOMS, CHLOROPHYTA, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, PIKE, CARP,
DRUM(FRESHWATER), CISCO, LAKE TROUT, EUTROPHICATION, STRIPED BASS,
CYANOPHYTA, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, ELECTRIC POWERPLANTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
HEXAGENIA* CHIRONOMIDAE, PROCLADIUS, CHIRONOMUS PROMOSUS, TRICHOPTERA,
LEECHES, FINGERNAIL CLAMS, WHITE FISH, ALEWIFE, GIZZARD SHAD, SEA
LAMPHREY, COHO SALMON.
ABSTRACT:
DRAMATIC BIOLOGICAL CHANGES HAVE APPEARED IN BOTTOM FAUNA AND AMONG
CERTAIN FISHES OF THE LOWER GREAT LAKES. OF SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE IS
ABUNDANT INCREASE, SINCE 1959, OF THE MIDGE PROCLADIUS, A SUPPOSEDLY
MORE POLLUTION-TOLERANT FORM, WHILE CHIRONOMUS PROMOSUS HAS DECREASED,
SUGGESTING THAT POLLUTION ZONES HAVE EXTENDED FURTHER INTO THE LAKES.
THE MAYFLY IS NOW RARE. BENTHIC FAUNA IS NOW DOMINATED BY OLIGOCHAETES
AND MIDGES, WITH SOME FINGERNAIL CLAMS, SNAILS, AND LEECHES ON THE
INCREASE. CHEMICAL CONDITIONS PROBABLY PROVIDE A MORE RELIABLE INDEX TO
CHANGES THAN PLANKTON DATA, BUT ARE DIFFICULT TO RELATE. SPECIES
COMPOSITION, ONCE DOMINATED BY DIATOMS, ARE NOW DOMINATED BY BLUE-GREEN
ALGAE. DECLINE OF CERTAIN HIGH QUALITY FISHES, NOTABLY THE BLUE PIKE
AND WALLEYE PIKE, IS LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACCELERATED PUBLIC
INTEREST IN CORRECTIVE MEASURES. RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF ENVIRONMENT
VERSUS OVERFISHING IS DEBATABLE. INCREASE IN EUTROPHICATION RATE OF THE
GREAT LAKES, ESPECIALLY LAKE ERIE, IS SIGNIFICANT. HUMAN TECHNOLOGY CAN
SO MODIFY THE ENVIRONMENT THAT BIOLOGICAL POPULATIONS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY
AFFECTED. BIOLOGISTS WITH REQUISITE KNOWLEDGE, SHOULD DEVELOP BETTER
GUIDELINES FOR WEIGHING COSTS OF EACH INCREMENT OF DEGRADATION AND EACH
INCREMENT OF IMPROVEMENT. (SEE W70-01942). (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-01943
54
-------
PLANTS IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIOt AND CHANGES OF THEIR NUMBERS AND KINDS,
MEMORIAL UNIV. OF NEWFOUNDLANDt ST. JOHNS. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
CHARLES C. DAVIS.
BULLETIN OF THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, VOL 25, NO 1, P 18-44,
1969., 8 FIG, 2 TAB, 100 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, *PLANTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC FAUNA,
BENTHIC FLORA, DIATOMS, NANNOPLANKTON, ECOLOGY, CLIMATES, WEATHER
MODIFICATION, DEPTH, EUTROPHICATION, GLACIATION, WATER LEVELS, STORMS,
SEICHES, SOLAR RADIATION, RAINFALL, RUNOFF, WINDS, CARP, MUSKRATS,
TURBIDITY, CYANOPHYTA, CHLOROPHYTA, ECOSYSTEMS, MOLDS, MANAGEMENT,
PERIPHYTON, YEASTS, FISH, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
UPWARPING, CLADOPHORA FRACTA, ASTERIONELLA, SYNEDRA, MELOSIRA,
CYCLOTELLA, FRAGILARIA, STEPHANODISCUS, PEDIASTRUM, ANABAENA,
OSCILLATORIA, SEASONAL PULSES, TECTONIC CHANGES, PHYCOMYCETES,
PHYTOGEOGRAPHY.
ABSTRACT:
THE LITERATURE REGARDING VEGETATIONAL CHANGES IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO
IS REVIEWED. ~MOST STUDIES DEALING WITH PERIPHYTON HAVE BEEN TAXONOMIC;
STUDIES OF MACROPHYTOBENTHOS, MORE EXTENSIVE, THOUGH USUALLY LACKING IN
CONTINUITY, MAKE EFFECTIVE COMPARISONS WITH PAST CONDITIONS DIFFICULT.
WITH GLACIAL RECESSION AND LAND REBOUNDING, CHANGES IN WATER DEPTH ARE
PROBABLY TOO GRADUAL TO CAUSE THE OBSERVED GROSS VEGETATIONAL CHANGES;
LONG-RANGE CLIMATIC CHANGES ARE ALSO LIKELY TO HAVE BEEN TOO SLOW FOR
GREAT EFFECTS IN THE PERIOD OBSERVED. OCCURRENCE OF HEAVY STORMS,
SEICHES, FLUCTUATIONS OF SUNSHINE AND PRECIPITATION, AND OTHER
SHORT-RANGE WEATHER VARIABLES AFFECT AQUATIC VEGETATION. DIRECT OR
INDIRECT EFFECTS UPON BENTHIC PLANTS THROUGH HUMAN ACTIVITIES
(INTRODUCING FOREIGN FISH SPECIES AND OTHER ORGANISMS) HAVE BEEN
OBSERVED. SUMMARIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON STUDIES INDICATE THAT VERY FEW
OFFER DETAILED, RELIABLE CONCLUSIONS CONCERNING PLANT COMMUNITY CHANGES
OVER THE YEARS. LONG-RANGE CHANGES IN DOMINANT PHYTOPLANKTERS WERE
DEMONSTRATED. THERE IS EVIDENCE OF RAPID ARTIFICIAL EUTROPHICATION OF
LAKE ERIE. IN BOTH LAKES, FURTHER QUANTITATIVE SEASONAL STUDIES OF
PHYTOPLANKTON ARE NEEDED. PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS ARE IMPORTANT. MORE
IS LEARNED REGARDING WATER MASSES BY EXAMINING PLANKTONIC BIOTA THAN BY
SENSITIVE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS. ECOSYSTEMS MUST BE
CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD IF THEY ARE TO BE INTELLIGENTLY MANAGED FOR
LONG-RANGE BENEFITS OF MANKIND. (SEE W70-01942). (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H, 021
ACCESSION NO. W70-01944
55
-------
CHANGES IN THE BENTHOS OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIOt
TORONTO UNIV. (ONTARIO). DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY.
RALPH 0. BRINKHURST.
BULLETIN OF THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, VOL 25, NO 1, P 45-71,
1969. 11 FIG, 21 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, *BENTHOS, OXYGEN, EUTROPHICATION,
OLIGOTROPHY, FISH, TEMPERATURE, POLLUTION ABATEMENT, MAYFLIES,
OLIGOCHAETES, TUBIFICIDS, CURRENTS(WATER), DEPTH, SODIUM, SAMPLING,
GREAT LAKES REGION, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, BIOINDICATORS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*BIOTIC CHANGES, PONTOPOREIA, HYALELLA, SPHAERIID MOLLUSKS,
CH1RONOMIDS, LUMBRICULIDAE, PISIDIUM FORMS.
ABSTRACT: -
SPECItS COMPOSITION OF CHIRONOMID AND OLIGOCHAETE FAUNA IN DEEPEST
PARTS OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO AND GEORGIAN BAY IS FAIRLY CONSISTENT
WITH BEETON'S TROPHIC CLASSIFICATION OF THESE THREE LAKES. THE BOTTOM
FAUNA OF LAKE ERIE SUGGESTS A WEST TO EAST GRADIENT FROM EXTREMELY
EUTROPHIC TO MODERATELY OLIGOTROPHIC CONDITIONS. A SIMILAR SOUTH TO
NORTH GRADIENT IS, AT LEAST PARTLY, A REFLECTION OF TEMPERATURE. LAKE
ONTARIO FAUNA SUGGESTS OLIGOTROPHY WITH POSSIBLY AN EUTROPHIC SHORE
ZONE. OXYGEN DETERMINATIONS OF 10 YEARS AGO WOULD BE VALUABLE. IN
GROSSLY POLLUTED SITUATIONS, NUMBERS OF OLIGOCHAETES STAY HIGH;
REPRESENTATIVES OF OTHER GROUPS MAY BE SCARCE. COMMONEST OLIGOCHAETE
UNDER SUCH CONDITIONS IS LIMNODRILUS HOFFMEISTERI. PROPORTION OF
OLIGOCHAETES TO OTHER FORMS OF LIFE, AND THE PERCENTAGE OF LIMNODRILUS
HOFFMEISTERI IN RELATION TO ALL OLIGOCHAETES MAY BE GUIDES TO DEGREE OF
ORGANIC POLLUTION. DIFFICULTIES IN DISCUSSING THE CHIRONOMID FAUNA
INCLUDE PROBLEMS OF NOMENCLATURE AND SYSTEMATICS. THE BOTTOM FAUNA,
POTENTIALLY A GOOD INDICATOR OF QUALITATIVE CHANGE, HAS BEEN STUDIED
ONLY SUPERFICIALLY IN THE PAST. SINCE HARD PARTS OF CHIRONOMID LARVAE
PRESERVE WELL IN LAKE SEDIMENTS, CORE ANALYSES MIGHT PROVIDE
INFORMATION ON WHETHER THE DISTRIBUTIONS REPRESENT RECENT DEVELOPMENTS.
(SEE W70-01942). (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-01945
56
-------
A PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE,
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, CLEVELAND, OHIO.
VICTOR L. CASPER.
MICHIGAN UNIV, ANN ARBOR, GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIVISION, PUBLICATION NO 13, P
29-35, 1965. 2 FIG, 3 TAB, 11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
X'PHYTOPLANKTON, *EUTROPHICATION, *LAKE ERIE, CYANOPHYTA, SAMPLING,
DISSOLVED OXYGEN, NITROGEN, NITRATES, LAKES, DIATOMS, CHLOROPHYTA,
SEASONAL, CHEMICAL STRATIFICATION, PHOSPHORUS, CLIMATIC DATA, HYDROGEN
ION CONCENTRATION, ALKALINITY, CONDUCTIVITY, CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND,
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, TEMPERATURE, SURFACE WATERS, PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
RESPIRATION, LIGHT PENETRATION, PRODUCTIVITY, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN
DEMAND, ORGANIC MATTER, NITROGEN FIXATION, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
ANACYSTIS CYANEA, OSCILLATORIA, CARTERIA, APHANIZOMENON HOLSATICUM,
ANABAENA CIRCINALIS, DETROIT RIVER, MAUMEE RIVER, CLADOPHORA,
STEPHANODISCUS, BOTTOM, GLENODINIUM, CYCLOTELLA, CHLAMYDOMONAS, DEPTH
EFFECTS.
ABSTRACT:
LAKE ERIE EXHIBITS SYMPTOMS OF ORGANIC ENRICHMENT; TEMPORAL SHIFTS IN
DOMINANT ALGAL GENERA, FROM DIATOMS TO GREENS AND BLUE-GREENS
(CYANOPHYTES) ARE OCCURRING. ON 9 AND 10 SEPTEMBER 1964, BIOLOGISTS AT
GREAT LAKES-ILLINOIS RIVER BASINS PROJECT'S LAKE ERIE PROGRAM OFFICE
INVESTIGATED A BLOOM OF CYANOPHYTES IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE. THE BLOOM,
CONSISTING PRIMARILY OF ANACYSTIS CYANEA, OSCILLATORIA SP, CARTERIA SP,
APHANIZOMENON HOLSATICUM, AND ANABAENA CIRCINALIS, COVERED
APPROXIMATELY 800 SQUARE MILES. PLANKTON AND CHEMICAL SAMPLES WERE
COLLECTED FROM TOP, MIDDLE AND BOTTOM DEPTHS, AND COLOR PHOTOGRAPHED.
EXTREME VERTICAL VARIATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OFTEN
OCCUR. DURING THE BLOOM, TOTAL NITROGEN (N) WAS HIGH, AND NITRATE-N
VERY LOW. INORGANIC N HAS PROBABLY BECOME LIMITING FOR PHYTOPLANKTON
PRODUCTION; HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF SOLUBLE PHOSPHORUS SUGGEST THAT IT
WAS NOT LIMITING. DURING THE DAY DISSOLVED OXYGEN WAS AT SATURATION OR
ABOVE. PLANKTON COUNTS WERE QUITE VARIABLE. IN EARLY MORNING, ALGAE
WERE WELL DISPERSED TOP TO BOTTOM DUE TO LIGHT WIND, BUT BY AFTERNOON
THEY WERE CONCENTRATED IN UPPER TWO FEET, FORMING A DENSE SCUM. ON 11
SEPTEMBER, HIGH WINDS, TOGETHER WITH A COLD FRONT AND RAIN, WERE
FOLLOWED BY SEVERAL CLOUDY DAYS, AND THE BLOOM WAS NOT OBSERVED AGAIN.
(JONES-WIS)
FIELD 02H, OSC
ACCESSION NO. W70-02254
57
-------
SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION* CONSTITUTION, AND ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON IN LAKE ERIE,
MEMORIAL UNIV. OF NEWFOUNDLAND, ST. JOHNS. MARINE SCIENCES RESEARCH LAB.; AND
MEMORIAL UNIV. OF NEWFOUNDLAND, ST. JOHNS. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
CHARLES C. DAVIS.
JOURNAL FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, VOL 26, NO 9, P 2459-2476, 1969.
5 TAB, 14 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS, *LAKE ERIE, *ZOOPLANKTON, DAPHNIA, CYCLOPS,
ROTIFERS, PROTOZOA.
IDENTIFIERS:
ASPLANCHNA, BOSMINA, CERIODAPHNIA, CHYDORUS, CLADOCERA, CYCLOPS,
DIAPTOMUS, HOLOPEDIUM, KERATELLA, MESOCYCLOPS, POLYARTHRA,
TROPOCYCLOPS, LAKE ERIE BASINS.
ABSTRACT: .
DISTRIBUTION, CONSTITUTION, AND ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON IN LAKE ERIE
ARE GIVEN ON THE BASIS OF VERTICAL ZOOPLANKTON HAULS FROM 28 STATIONS.
AMONG PROTOZOA, VORTICELLA, EPISTYLIS, AND CODONELLA WERE DOMINANT IN
WEST BASIN IN OCTOBER 1967;•CODONELLA BEING ALSO ABUNDANT IN CENTRAL
AND EAST BASINS WITH EPISTYLIS OCCURRING MINIMALLY. IN JANUARY 1968,
VORTICELLA WAS ABUNDANT IN WEST AND CENTRAL BASINS, CODONELLA OCCURRING
IN SMALLER NUMBERS. AMONG LARGER ZOOPLANKTON AT LEAST 15 SPECIES (9
GENERA) OF ROTIFERS, 9 SPECIES (7 GENERA) OF CLADOCERANS AND 13 SPECIES
(7 GENERA) OF COPEPODS WERE ENCOUNTERED. DISTINCT DIFFERENCES IN
ZOOPLANKTON POPULATIONS OCCUR IN THE THREE BASINS OF THE LAKE. OCTOBER
BIOMASS OF CLADOCERANS AND COPEPODS WAS GREATLY REDUCED AS COMPARED
WITH JULY. AMONG CLADOCERANS BOSMINA COREGONI OCCURRED MAINLY IN EAST
AND CENTRAL BASINS; B LONGIROSTRIS WAS MORE ABUNDANT IN WESTERN BASIN.
COPEOPD POPULATIONS OF WESTERN BASIN WERE GREATLY IMPOVERISHED AS
COMPARED WITH OTHER BASINS. RATIOS OF SESTON, CHLOROPHYLL A AND
PHYTOPLANKTON AMONG THREE BASINS EXHIBITED A PROGRESSIVE DECREASE FROM
WEST TO EAST. A POSSIBLE INSTANCE OF WINTERKILL OF MICROCRUSTACEA WAS
NOTED IN JANUARY 1968. (VOIGTLANDER-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-02971
58
-------
WATER QUALITY STUDIES ON THE GREAT LAKES BASED ON CARBON FOURTEEN MEASUREMENTS
ON PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY,
MINNESOTA UNIV.. MINNEAPOLIS.
WILLIAM G. PARKOSt THEODORE A. OLSON, AND THERON 0. ODLAUG.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, MINNESOTA UNIV GRADUATE SCHOOL, MINNEAPOLIS,
WRRC BULLETIN 17, 1969. 121 P, 23 FIG, 25 TAB, 70 REF, 10 PLATES, APPENDIX
A, Bf C, D, E, F. OWRR PROJECT A 011-MINN.
DESCRIPTORS:
"('PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, SURFACE WATERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PHYTOPLANKTON,
GREAT LAKES, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE, WATER
QUALITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
CARBON-14 MEASUREMENT, SHIPBOARD INCUBATION.
ABSTRACT: .
CARBON-14 MEASUREMENTS OF SURFACE WATER PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF LAKES
SUPERIOR, MICHIGAN, HURON, AND ERIE ARE REPORTED. ESTIMATES ARE BASED
ON SHIPBOARD INCUBATION OF SAMPLES COLLECTED AT IRREGULAR INTERVALS
DURING THE 1967 AND 1968 SHIPPING SEASONS. LAKE SUPERIOR PROVED TO BE
THE LEAST PRODUCTIVE OF THE LAKES STUDIED, MEAN SURFACE PRODUCTIVITY OF
16..72 MILLIGRAMS OF CARBON/CUBIC METER PER DAY. THE OTHER LAKES SHOWED
INCREASING LEVELS OF PRODUCTIVITY: LAKE HURON, 23.04 MILLIGRAMS OF
CARBON/CUBIC METER PER DAY, LAKE MICHIGAN, 37.62 MILLIGRAMS OF
CARBON/CUBIC METER PER DAY, AND LAKE ERIE, 175.20 MILLIGRAMS OF
CARBON/CUBIC METER PER DAY. HIGHEST PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS IN EACH LAKE
TENDED TO OCCUR NEAR LARGE POPULATION CENTERS. (KOONCE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-02983
59
-------
A STUDY OF THE OPEN WATER DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF NET PLANKTON AS AN
INDEX OF EUTROPHICATION IN LAKE SUPERIOR,
MINNESOTA UNIV.t MINNEAPOLIS. SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH.
T. A. OLSON.
TECHNICAL COMPLETION REPORTt JUNE 1969. 2 P. OWRR PROJECT NO A-011-MINN.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKES, *GREAT LAKESt *LAKE SUPERIORt *EUTROPHICATION, *ZOOPLANKTONf
*PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITYt LAKE HURON* LAKE MICHIGAN* LAKE ERIE, WATER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, BIOINDICATORS, CARBON RADIOISOTOPES, PHYTOPLANKTON,
WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SECONDARY PRODUCTIVITY,
WATER QUALITY, OLIGOTROPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*NET PLANKTON, HARDY CONTINUOUS PLANKTON RECORDER, RADIOCARBON UPTAKE
TECHNIQUE, PLANKTON ABUNDANCE, PLANKTON DISTRIBUTION, SEASONAL
VARIATIONS, DAILY VARIATIONS, WATER MASSES, WATER POLLUTION ASSESSMENT.
. ABSTRACT:
BASED UPON CRITERIA OF NET PLANKTON ABUNDANCE, DETERMINED WITH THE
HARDY CONTINUOUS PLANKTON RECORDER (CPR), AND PRIMARY PLANKTON
PRODUCTIVITY (PPP), "DETERMINED FROM MEASUREMENTS OF CARBON-14 UPTAKE,
THE. STATUS OF~ FOUR GREAT LAKES SAMPLED, IN INCREASING ORDER OF
EUTROPHICATION, IS: SUPERIOR, HURON, MICHIGAN, ERIE. LAKE ERIE IS MORE
THAN FOURFOLD PRODUCTIVE THAN ANY OTHER LAKE SAMPLED. EUTROPHICATION
INCREASES PROGRESSIVELY FROM NORTH TO SOUTH. MEAN SEASONAL PRODUCTIVITY
GENERALLY INCREASED WITH ASCENDING TEMPERATURE OF SURFACE WATERS.
SHARPLY DELINEATED REGIONS OF HIGH ZOOPLANKTONIC DENSITY WAS OBSERVED,
AS EXPECTED. SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON DIFFER
AMONG WATER MASSES WITHIN LAKES, SHOWING SEASONAL AND DAILY VARIATIONS.
ZOOPLANKTERS ARE MORE ABUNDANT LOCALLY IN CHEMICALLY POLLUTED AREAS
WITHIN LAKES. LOWEST PPP WAS OBSERVED IN CENTRAL LAKE SUPERIOR. LOWER
LAKES ARE MOST PRODUCTIVE, AND ESPECIALLY MARKED INCREASES IN PPP OCCUR
IN REGIONS WHERE MASSED POPULATION AND INDUSTRY HAVE ENRICHED THE
LAKES. RADIOCARBON UPTAKE AND CPR ARE EFFECTIVE TOOLS FOR STUDY OF
TROPHIC STATUS OF WATERS OF GREAT LAKES BASIN, AND CPR CAN PROVIDE
ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION AND EUTROPHICATION ON A SCALE HITHERTO
UNAVAILABLE FOR THE GREAT LAKES. (EICHHORN-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-03311
60
-------
COMPONENTS OF THE BOTTOM FAUNA OF THE ST LAWRENCE, GREAT LAKES,
TORONTO UNIV (ONTARIO). DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY; AND FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF
•CANADA, WINNIPEG (MANITOBA).*
R. 0. BRINKHURST, A. L. HAMILTON, AND H. B. HERRINGTON.
GREAT LAKES INSTITUTE, UNIV OF TORONTO, NO PR 33, MAR 1968. 50 P, 7 TAB, 23
REF, APPENDIX WITH 11 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*BENTHIC FAUNA, *GREAT LAKES, *ST LAWRENCE RIVER, OLIGOCHAETES,
SAMPLING, SEASONAL, DEPTH, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, TUBIFICIDS,
DISTRIBUTION, WATER POLLUTION, EUTROPHICATION, OLIGOTROPHY, LITTORAL,
LIMNOLOGY, BATHYMETRY, TEMPERATURE, ECOLOGY, TROPHIC, LAKE HURON,
OXYGEN.
IDENTIFIERS:
SPHAERIIDAE, CHIRONOMIDAE, GEORGIAN BAY(ONTARIO), MESOTROPHIC, LAKE
NIPIGON(ONTARIO), LAKE ATHABASKA(ONTARIO), GREAT SLAVE LAKE(ONTARIO),
CREE tAKE(ONTARIO), PATRICIA DISTRICT LAKES, STRAITS OF MACKINAC,
SPECIES COMPOSITION, DETROIT RIVER, MAUMEE RIVER, TAXONOMY, CORE
ANALYSES, CHEMICAL CONDITIONS, TAXONOMIC KEYS.
ABSTRACT:
BOTTOM FAUNA WERE SAMPLED DURING SYNOPTIC CRUISES THROUGH GEORGIAN BAY,
LAKE ONTARIO, AND LAKE ERIE AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF THEIR MAJOR COMPONENTS
DETERMINED. OLIGOCHAETA, SPHAERIIDAE, AND CHIRONOMIDAE WERE SEPARATED.
IDENTITY OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IS DISCUSSED. REFERENCE IS
MADE TO OTHER GREAT LAKES STUDIES ON BENTHOS. SAMPLES REPRESENTING ALL
SEASONS HERE INCLUDED WHERE POSSIBLE. RESULTS ARE PRESENTED IN
TAXONOMIC GROUPS AND DISTRIBUTION MAPS. MAPS OF DEPTH PROFILES,
INDICATING DEGREE OF OXYGEN DEPLETION IN LAKE ERIE IN SUMMER, AND
BATHYMETRICAL MAPS ARE INCLUDED. 31 SPECIES OF TUBIFICIDAE FROM THE
GREAT LAKES AND SOME IN CANADIAN LAKES ARE RECORDED. IN GROSSLY
POLLUTED SITUATIONS, THE NUMBER OF OLIGOCHAETES IS VERY HIGH. SPECIES
OF THE SPHAERIIDAE IDENTIFIED IN THE GREAT LAKES INSTITUTE COLLECTION
ARE LISTED. THE TAXA OF CHIRONOMIDAE, REASONABLY COMPLETE IN ASSESSMENT
OF THE PROFUNDAL AND SUBLITTORAL FAUNA, FROM THESE THREE LAKES ARE
LISTED. TO FACILITATE COMPARISON BETWEEN THESE LAKES A MEASURE OF THE
•TROPHIC CONDITIONS1 OF EACH AREA WAS CALCULATED ACCORDING TO ABILITY
TO WITHSTAND EUTROPHIC CONDITIONS, PROVIDING NUMERICAL VALUES WHICH AID
IN THE COMPARISONS OF VARIOUS BODIES OF WATER. KEY TO TUBIFICIDAE IS
GIVEN. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-03315
61
-------
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES (SHORE EROSION).
OHIO REV CODE ANN SECS 1507.01 THRU 1507.13 (PAGE 1964), AS AMENDED, (SUPP
.1970).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *BEACH EROSION, *SHORE PROTECTION, *EROSION CONTROL,
LEGISLATION, LEGAL ASPECTS, SHORES, EROSION, CONSTRUCTION, STRUCTURES,
PERMITS, RIPARIAN LAND, FINANCING, RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT,
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, NATURAL RESOURCES, WATER RESOURCES, FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT, LAKE ERIE, INVESTIGATIONS, NAVIGABLE WATERS, TAXES,
MINERALOGY, WATERCOURSES(LEGAL), COST ALLOCATION, CONTRACTS, PLANNING,
RECREATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
GROINS.
ABSTRACT:
THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
WILL ACT AS THE EROSION AGENCY OF THE STATE FOR PURPOSES OF COMPLYING
WITH THE RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT. THE OFFICE WILL COOPERATE WITH THE
FEDERAL BEACH EROSION BOARD IN CONDUCTING INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
ALONG THE SHORES OF LAKE ERIE WITH A VIEW TO EROSION PREVENTION AND
CORRECTION. NAVIGABLE WATERS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS SECTION, MEANS
WATERS WITHIN THE JURISDICTION OF THE BOARD AND ANY WATERWAYS WITHIN OR
ADJACENT TO THE STATE. NO PERSON WILL CONSTRUCT A BEACH OR ANY OTHER
EROSION ARRESTING STRUCTURE ON THE SHORES OF LAKE ERIE WITHOUT A PERMIT
FROM THE OFFICE. FUNDS FOR EROSION PROJECTS WILL BE OBTAINED FROM
PERMIT SALES AND LAKE ERIE MINERAL LEASES. THE OFFICE MAY ENTER INTO
AGREEMENTS WITH ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION FOR THE PURPOSE OF
CONSTRUCTING AND MAINTAINING PROJECTS TO PREVENT, CORRECT, AND ARREST
EROSION-ON SPECIFIED BEACHES. COST ALLOCATION FORMULAS ARE PROVIDED FOR
THE DIFFERENT GOVERNMENTAL SUBDIVISIONS. THE CHIEF ENGINEER IN
COOPERATION WITH THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WILL PREPARE A PLAN
FOR THE PREVENTION OF SHORE EROSION IN THE STATE. (KE ITH-rFLORIDA)
FIELD 04D, 02L
ACCESSION NO. W70-03405
62
-------
STATE'S POWER OVER WATERS OF LAKE ERIE AND OVER LEASING OF LAKEFRONT LAND FOR
PRIVATE IMPROVEMENT.
OHIO REV CODE ANN SECS 123.03, 123.031 (PAGE 1969), AS AMENDED, (SUPP 1970).
DESCRIPTORS:
*QHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *RIPARIAN LAND, *LEASES, WATER RIGHTS, NAVIGATION,
LAND TENURE, SHORES, SOIL MANAGEMENT, LITTORAL, RIPARIAN RIGHTS,
CHANNELS, REASONABLE USE, PIERS, LANDFILLS, LEGISLATION, PUBLIC RIGHTS,
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS, AQUATIC SOILS, LOCAL
GOVERNMENTS, PORT AUTHORITIES, PLANNING, PROGRAMS, MINERALOGY,
FISHERIES.
ABSTRACT:
THE WATER AND UNDERLYING BED OF LAKE ERIE WITHIN THE JURISDICTION OF
THE STATE ARE OWNED AND HELD BY THE STATE FOR PUBLIC USE, SUBJECT TO
THE POWERS OF THE UNITED STATES, RIGHTS OF PUBLIC NAVIGATION, COMMERCE,
AND. FISHERY AND PROPERTY RIGHTS OF LITTORAL OWNERS. THE DEPARTMENT OF
PUBLIC WORKS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CARE, PROTECTION, AND ENFORCEMENT OF
THE STATE'S INTERESTS IN THIS TERRITORY. ANY OWNER OF UPLANDS FRONTING
ON LAKE ERIE MAY APPLY TO THE STATE FOR A LEASE OF THE WATERS AND
UNDERLYING BEDS OR ARTIFICIALLY FILLED LANDS BETWEEN THE NATURAL SHORE
LINE AND THE HARBOR LINE, FOR SPECIFIED PURPOSES. THE DIRECTOR OF
PUBLIC WORKS SHALL DETERMINE WHETHER THE SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS AND
DEVELOPMENTS WILL IMPAIR PUBLIC RIGHTS. THE APPROPRIATE MUNICIPAL
CORPORATION, COUNTY COMMISSION, OR PORT AUTHORITY SHALL DETERMINE
WHETHER THE TERRITORY IS NEEDED BY THAT LOCAL AUTHORITY, AND WHETHER
THE PROPOSED USE COMPLIES WITH THE AUTHORITY'S WATERFRONT PLANS. THE
DIRECTOR SHALL ESTABLISH THE CONSIDERATION FOR AND PERIOD OF SUCH
LEASE. THE GOVERNOR SHALL ISSUE THE LEASE CERTIFICATE, SPECIFICALLY
RESERVING TO THE STATE ALL MINERAL RIGHTS IN THE LEASED TERRITORY.
HEARING-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E, 04A
ACCESSION NO. W70-03410
63
-------
PARTICIPATE FRACTIONS IN WATER AND THE RELATIONSHIP TO AQUATIC MICROFLORA,
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIOLOGY; AND OHIO STATE UNIV.,
COLUMBUS. AQUATIC BIOLOGY LAB.
ROBERT M. PFISTER, PATRICK R. DUGAN, AND JAMES I. FREA.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 11TH
CONFERENCE GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 111-116, 1968. 6 FIG, 2 TAB, 11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, WATER QUALITY CONTROL, ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL
COMMUNITIES, DETRITUS, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, INTERFACES, ADSORPTION,
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, BIOCONTROL.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ERIE, *PARTICULATE FRACTIONS, *MICROFLORA, LINEAR SUCROSE
GRADIENT, BECKMAN TUBE CUTTING DEVICE, MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES,
STREPTOMYCES, MICROMONOSPORA, PSEUDOMONADS, ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS,
BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS.-
- ABSTRACT:
WATER SAMPLES FROM A 15-FOOT DEPTH OF LAKE ERIE AND FROM THE SURFACE OF
SANDUSKY RIVER, OHIO, WERE SUBJECTED TO GRADIENT CENTRIFUGING.
DIFFERENT SUBMICROSCOP1C FRACTIONS OF SUSPENDED PARTICULATES (MINERAL
AND DETRITUSf WERE INVESTIGATED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND EXAMINED FOR
THEIR ABILITY TO INFLUENCE BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS. ADDITION OF THE
PARTICULATE FRACTION 0.3 MICRON AND LARGER TO A CARBON-FREE SALTS
MEDIUM CAUSED A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN THE BIOMASS OF MICROMONOSPORA
AND STREPTOMYCES. AN AGGREGATION OF SUBMICROSCOP1C PARTICLES OF
MAGNESIUM SILICATE WITH AN EXOCELLULAR POLYMER, PRODUCED BY A
FLOC-FORMING PSEUDOMONAD, WAS DEMONSTRATED. A SYSTEM OF ECOLOGICAL
CONTROL OF POLLUTION INVOLVING A BUILDUP OF LARGER AGGREGATES BY
ASSOCIATION OF INORGANIC PARTICLES AND ORGANISMS IS POSTULATED.
(WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05B, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-03505
64
-------
PRESIDENT'S LECTURE: LIMNOLOGY, SOCIAL WELFARE, AND LAKE KIN;\ER T,
UPPSALA UNIV. (SWEDEN). INST. OF LIMNOLOGY.
WILHELM RODHE.
VERH INTERNAT VEREIN LIMNOL, VOL 17, P 40-48 NOV 1969. 12 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LIMNOLOGY, *SOCIAL NEEDS, ECOSYSTEMS, SAMPLING, SEICHES, DEPTH,
STRATIFICATION, WINDS, TEMPERATURE, EPILIMNION, THERMOCLINE,
HYPOLIMNION, PHYTOPLANKTON, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ZOOPLANKTON, LIGHT
PENETRATION, PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, CARBON RADIOISOTOPES, COMPUTER
PROGRAMS, RESERVOIRS, POLITICAL ASPECTS, EUTROPHICATION, SEWAGE,
EFFLUENTS, BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS, NUTRIENTS, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE MICHIGAN, NITROGEN,
PRODUCTIVITY, WATER QUALITY, INDUSTRIES, UNITED NATIONS.
IDENTIFIERS:
SLAKE KINNERETUSRAEL ), BEIT NETUFA( I SRAEL ), WI NNI PEG( CANADA ), LAKE
ZURICH1SWITZERLAND), LAKE BAIKAL, LAKE WASHINGTON!WASH ), SEATTLE(WASH),
SWEDEN, LAKE MALAREMSWEDEN), WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION.
ABSTRACT:
IN LIMNOLOGY EACH COMPONENT IS REGARDED A LINK IN THE ECOSYSTEM AND THE
ENTIRE ECOSYSTEM A PRODUCT OF SOURCES AND SURROUNDINGS. SOUND WATER
POLICY MUST BE INCLUDED IN THE SOCIAL PLANNING OF EVERY COMMUNITY AND
INDUSTRY AND THE COST OF CLEAN WATERS MUST BE MET. THE DIFFICULTY LIES
IN THE FAILURE OF POLITICIANS TO RECOGNIZE LIMNOLOGICAL ADVANCES AND
ACT ON THEM ON A GLOBAL CONCEPT. ISRAEL'S LAKE KINNERET RESEARCH
PROJECT REQUIRES REGULAR SAMPLING OF BASIC DATA: THREE 'ISOTHERMAL
SAMPLES1' AT EACH STATION ARE NECESSARY TO REPRESENT LOWER EPILIMNION,
STEEPEST THERMOLCLINE, AND UPPER HYPOLIMNION, AND, WITH SAMPLES CLOSE
TO THE SURFACE AND BOTTOM, MAKE A WEEKLY LOAD OF 35 SAMPLES FROM SEVEN
STATIONS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSES AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATIONS OF
PLYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON. AT ONE STATION, A SERIES OF SAMPLES FROM
5 OR 3 DEPTHS WILL BE PRESERVED FOR INFORMATION CONCERNING VERTICAL
DISTRIBUTION OF PLANKTON. MEASUREMENTS OF LIGHT PENETRATION AND
CARBON-14 EXPOSURES ARE MADE TO DETERMINE PRIMARY PRODUCTION.
CONTINUOUS METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL RECORDS ARE INDISPENSABLE
FOR INTERPRETATION OF SEICHES AND OTHER DYNAMIC PHENOMENA. AUGMENTATION
OF THE STUDY OF LAKE KINNERET AND ITS TRIBUTARIES WITH THE WORK AT
MEKOROT LABORATORY AT BEIT NETUFA RESERVOIR IS INTENDED.
(JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C, 06G
ACCESSION NO. W70-03509
65
-------
WATER SUPPLY - SANITATION - DITCHES (ORGANIZATION AND PURPOSES OF CONSERVANCY
DISTRICTS).
OHIO REV CODE ANN SEC 6101.04 (PAGE 1953).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, CONSERVATION, *REGULATION, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, EROSION,
STREAMS, LAKE ERIE, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, WATER SUPPLY, IRRIGATION,
FLOOD CONTROL, LEGISLATION, STATE GOVERNMENTS, WATER CONSERVATION,
EROSION CONTROL, RESERVOIRS, LAND RECLAMATION, MULTIPLE-PURPOSE
PROJECTS, SEWAGE, SEWAGE SYSTEMS, SEWAGE DISTRICTS, DITCHES, IRRIGATION
DITCHES, DRAINAGE ENGINEERING.
ABSTRACT:
ANY AREA OR AREAS SITUATED IN ONE OR MORE COUNTIES MAY BE ORGANIZED AS
A CONSERVANCY DISTRICT. THESE DISTRICTS SHALL BE SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS
STIPULATED IN OTHER SECTIONS OF THIS ACT. THEeFOLLOWING SHALL BE THE
PURPOSES OF THESE DISTRICTS: PREVENTING FLOODS; REGULATING STREAM
CHANNELS BY CHANGING THEIR DIMENSIONS; PROVIDING FOR IRRIGATION WHERE
NEEDED; RECLAIMING OR FILLING WET AND OVERFLOWED LANDS; REGULATING THE
FLOW OF STREAMS AND DIVERTING OR WHOLLY ELIMINATING WATERCOURSES;
PROVIDING A WATER SUPPLY FOR DOMESTIC USE; COLLECTING AND DISPOSING OF
SEWAGE; AND ARRESTING EROSION ALONG THE OHIO SHORELINE OF LAKE ERIE.
(BARNETT-FLORIDA)
FIELD 04A
ACCESSION NO. W70-03643
66
-------
RX FOR AILING LAKES—A LOW PHOSPHATE DIET,
INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION-UNITED STATES AND CANADA.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 3, NO 12, P 1243-1245, 1969. 2 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PHOSPHATES, *LAKES, *DETERGENTS, *TERTIARY TREATMENT, *GREAT LAKES,
CONTROL, COSTS, EUTROPHICATION, NITRATES, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO,
POLLUTION ABATEMENT, OLIGOTROPHY, DEPTH, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTDN,
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, DOMESTIC WASTES, SEWAGE, INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
AGRICULTURE, ST LAWRENCE RIVER, ALGAE, COLIFORMS, DISSOLVED OXYGEN.
DISSOLVED SOLIDS, TEMPERATURE, COLOR, TASTE, HYDROGEN ION
CONCENTRATION, IRON, RADIOACTIVITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
CANADA, MESOTROPHY, LAKE NORRVIKEN, LAKE MENDOTA, LAKE FURES, LAKE
SEBASTICOOK, LAKE WASHINGTON, LAKE MALAREN, LAKE ANNECY, LAKE VANERN,
LAKE CONSTANCE, PFAFFIKERSEE, TURLERSEE, BALDEGGERSEE, GREIFENSEE,
ZURICHSEE, MOSES LAKE, HALLWILLERSEE.
. ABSTRACT:
STUDY WAS INITIATED IN 1964 WHEN THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION OF
THE U S AND CANADA ESTABLISHED ADVISORY GROUPS ON STATUS OF POLLUTION
IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO AND SEGMENTS OF THE ST LAWRENCE RIVER. REPORT
RECOMMENDS TECHNICAL AND LEGISLATIVE MACHINERY FOR CONTROL MEASURES.
DETERGENTS' PHOSPHATE CONTENT SHOULD BE REDUCED IMMEDIATELY TO MINIMUM
PRACTICAL LEVELS, WITH COMPLETE REPLACEMENT OF PHOSPHORUS WITH LESS
INNOCUOUS SUBSTANCES NO LATER THAN 1972. 80* REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATES FROM
ALL EFFLUENTS SHOULD BE EFFECTED BY 1972 IN THE LAKE ERIE BASIN AND BY
1975 IN LAKE ONTARIO. TREATMENT OF WASTE EFFLUENTS FOR PHOSPHATE
REMOVAL-MUST BE IN ADDITION TO, NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR DETERGENT
REFORMULATION. PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN ARE RECOGNIZED AS THE MAJOR
NUTRIENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR EUTROPHICATION; IT IS APPARENT THAT PHOSPHATE
IS THE CONTROLLING FACTOR IN ENRICHMENT OF LOWER GREAT LAKES. EFFICIENT
AND RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE METHODS ARE AVAILABLE FOR 80-95S REMOVAL OF
PHOSPHORUS DURING SEWAGE TREATMENT, WHEREAS COMPARABLE ELIMINATION OF
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS IS NOT YET FEASIBLE. COSTS FOR PHOSPHATE REMOVAL AT
TREATMENT PLANTS WOULD BE REDUCED BY ONE-HALF TO TWO-THIRDS WITH
REPLACEMENT OF PHOSPHATE DETERGENT BUILDERS. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-03964
67
-------
PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY: PHOTOSYNTHESIS UNDER COMPLETELY NATURAL
CONDITIONSt
BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV., OHIO. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
JACOB VERDUIN.
ALGAE AND MAN (JACKSON, D F, EDITOR) PLENUM PRESS, N Y, P 221-238, 1964. 3
FIG, 3 TAB, 6 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
RESPIRATION, PONDS, PHYTOPLANKTON, LIMITING FACTORS, PHYSIOLOGICAL
ECOLOGY, CARBON DIOXIDE, PHOSPHORUS, NITROGEN, IRON, NUTRIENTS, AQUATIC
HABITATS, LIGHT, HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, PENNSYLVANIA, EUGLENA,
LAKES, LAKE ERIE, MICHIGAN, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OXYGEN.
IDENTIFIERS:
*PHOT06IOLOGY, *CHEMICAL PROCESSES, GLENODINIUM, TRACHELOMONAS,
PREDICTIVE EQUATIONS, CERATIUM, BAULE-MITSCHERLICH EQUATION, THIEL
COLLEGE(PA), ULVA LACTUCA, ALGAL POPULATIONS, DIFFERENTIAL TITRATION,
LAMBERT-BEER LAW,. SUSPENSOID CONCENTRATIONS, WINKLER TECHNIQUE,
COMMUNITY METABOLISM, YOUNG'S POND(PA), BROWN'S POND(PA), WEST LOST
LAKE(MICH), MAUMEE RIVER, OHIO RIVER, PYMATUNING RESERVOIR(PA) .
ABSTRACT:
INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY VARY WIDELY, BOTH
SPATIALLY AND TEMPORALLY. SIMPER METHODS FOR DETERMINING SUCH RATES,
PERMITTING ACQUISITION OF MANY DATA, ARE PREFERABLE TO MORE PRECISE,
BUT TIME-CONSUMING TECHNIQUES. STUDIES UNDER COMPLETELY NATURAL
CONDITIONS ARE DESIRABLE BECAUSE IN BOTTLED SAMPLES, SURFACE EFFECTS
YIELD ERRONEOUS VALUES FOR BOTH PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION.
COMMUNITY METABOLISM CAN BE ASSESSED BY MEASURING, OVER SHORT
INTERVALS, CHANGES IN DISSOLVED OXYGEN BY WINKLER'S TECHNIQUES, AND
CHANGES IN CONCENTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE BY DIFFERENTIAL TITRATION..
ESTIMATES OF HOURLY PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATES PER MICROLITER OF
PHYTOPLANKTON, DETERMINED THUS FOR TWO SMALL PONDS, ARE IN GOOD
AGREEMENT WITH DATA REPORTED IN THE LITERATURE. ANALYSIS OF
PHOTOSYNTHETIC YIELDS, BASED ON THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND ON THE
BAULE-MITSCHERLICH EQUATION FOR LIMITING FACTORS, SUGGESTS THAT, AMONG
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOTIC FACTORS, SEVERAL FACTORS CAN
SIMULTANEOUSLY LIMIT PHOTOSYNTHETIC YIELD. SUBSTANTIAL REDUCTION OF
OPTIMAL YIELD IS PROBABLY THE RULE IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS. THE
LAMBERT-BEER'S LAW, DESCRIBING ATTENUATION OF LIGHT IN WATER, CAN BE
MODIFIED BY ADDING AN EXPONENTIAL TERM FOR CONCENTRATION OF
LIGHT-ADSORBING PARTICULATES. SEVERAL APPLICATIONS OF THE RESULTANT
EQUATION TO AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR FURTHER STUDY.
(SEE VOL 2, NO 19, FIELD 5C, ENTRY W69-07832). (EICHHORN-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02K
ACCESSION NO. W70-03965
68
-------
A STUDY OF THE PROFUNDAL BOTTOM FAUNA OF LAKE WASHINGTON!
WASHINGTON UNIV., SEATTLE. DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY.
RUDOLPH N. THUT.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS, VOL 39, NO 1, P 79-110, 1969. 27 FIG, 5 TAB, 34 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*BENTHIC FAUNA, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, PHYTOPLANKTON, DIATOMS,
ZOOPLANKTON, DINOFLAGELLATES, ALGAE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HYPOLIMNION,
EPILIMNION, LAKE ERIE, INSECTS, DIPTERA, CRUSTACEA, MOLLUSCS,
OLIGOCHAETES, GASTROPODS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE WASHINGTON(WASH), MACROFAUNA, GYTTJA, OSCILLATORIA RUBESCENS,
ZURICHSEE, FILAMENTOUS ALGAE, FILAMENTOUS BLUE-GREEN ALGAE, OCULAR
MICROMETER, SUCROSE-FLOTATION TECHNIQUE, METALIMNION, BATHYTHERMOGRAPH,
ARTHROPODA, CHIRONOMIDAE, AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETES.
ABSTRACT:
A REVIEW OF THE MACROFAUNA IN THE PROFUNDAL ZONE OF LAKE WASHINGTON
BETWEEN SEPTEMBER 1963 AND SEPTEMBER 1964 AND DISCUSSION. ALTHOUGH
SEWAGE DIVERSION BEQAN IN 1963, PHOSPHATE AND OXYGEN VALUES INDICATED
THE LAKE WAS STILL IN THE EUTROPHIC PHASE. TEN STATIONS WERE CHOSEN AT
5-METER DEPTH INTERVALS FROM 10 TO 55 METERS AND SAMPLED APPROXIMATELY
MONTHLY WITH AN EKMAN DREDGE. 24 SPECIES WERE RECOGNIZED FROM THE
PROFUNDAL ZONE, EACH PRESENTED SEPARATELY, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF
OLIGOCHAETA SPECIES, ALONG WITH THEIR DEPTH AND POPULATION DYNAMICS
THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. THE CHIRONOMIDAE WERE MOST NUMEROUS OF BOTTOM
FAUNA CONSTITUENTS (ABOUT 45X OF THE TOTAL). 13 SPECIES WERE FOUND
DURING THE STUDY, INCLUDING PREDATORS, DEPOSIT-FEEDERS, AND
FILTER-FEEDERS. LARVAE WERE MOST COMMON AT THE SHALLOW-WATER STATIONS
AND BECAME PROGRESSIVELY DIMINISHED WITH INCREASE IN DEPTH. THE
OLIGOCHAETA COMPRISED ABOUT 1/2 OF THE TOTAL NUMBER AND 1/3 OF THE
TOTAL BIOMASS OF THE PROFUNDAL FAUNA. FOUR SPECIES WERE IDENTIFIED. THE
OLIGOCHAETA WERE FOUND IN THE GREATEST NUMBERS AND BIOMASS AT THE
GREATEST DEPTH SAMPLED; THEIR ABUNDANCE PROGRESSIVELY DECLINED WITH
DECREASE IN DEPTH. AMPHIPODA AND SPHAERIDAE WERE PRESENT BUT IN SMALLER
NUMBERS. (HASKINS-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-04253
-------
LIFE ON A DYING LAKEt
PETER SCHRAG.
SATURDAY REVIEWt P 19-21, 55-56, SEPTEMBER 20, 1969. 3 PHOTOS.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *GREAT LAKES, *EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION, *WATER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
WATER LAW, RECREATION, CHLORINATION, BEACHES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ERIE BASIN, CUYAHOGA RIVER(OHIO), IRON III, FERRIC IRON, MAUMEE
RIVER, CLEVELAND(OHIO).
ABSTRACT:
A LOOK AT LAKE ERIE'S POLLUTION PROBLEMS SHOWS THE CONFLICTS BETWEEN
THE. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL VIEWPOINTS. ERIE HAS AGED 15,000
YEARS IN THE PAST 50 YEARS, BUT THE QUESTIONS SURROUNDING THE CLEANUP
CONCERN RESOURCES, PRIORITIES, AND THE URGENCY, THUS LEAVING THE
THIRTEEN MILLION PEOPLE DEPENDENT ON THE LAKE IN LIMBO. CITY SEWERS,
INDUSTRIAL WASTES, AND RUNOFF PROVIDE THE INPUT, WHILE ALGAE, LOW
OXYGEN LEVELS, SMELL, TRASH FISH, RIVER FIRE, AND THE NECESSITY TO
CHLORINATE BEACHES ARE SOME RESULTS. THERE IS FEAR THAT THE IRON III
COMPOUND KEEPING ALGAE NUTRIENTS TRAPPED ON THE LAKE BOTTOM IS BEING
DISSOLVED, WHICH WOULD RESULT IN SHARPLY INCREASED EUTROPHICATION IF
THE NUTRIENTS ARE RELEASED. THE CITIES HAVE NOT CORRECTED THEIR SEWAGE
POLLUTION BEFORE DEMANDING THAT THE STATES ENFORCE ANTI-POLLUTION
STANDARQS, LEAVING FEDERALLY CONDUCTED ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCES TO
ENCOURAGE THE FIVE LAKE-REGION STATES TO COMMIT THEMSELVES TO REMOVE
SOX OF THE PRIMARILY DETERGENT-ORIENTED PHOSPHATES BY WASTE TREATMENT.
POLLUTION LAW SHOWS IT'S HARD TO DEMONSTRATE A CONNECTION BETWEEN
DISCHARGES AND DAMAGES. 'WHOSE RIGHTS ARE AFFECTED', 'WHOSE ENVIRONMENT
IS IT', AND 'WHO CONTROLS THE ENVIRONMENT' ARE SOME OF THE BASIC
QUESTIONS APPROACHED. (POWERS-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-04375
70
-------
BRIEF TO THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION CONCERNING THE POLLUTION OF LAKES
ERIE, ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL WATERS OF THE ST LAWRENCE RIVER,
TO.RONTO UNIV. (ONTARIO). GREAT LAKES INST.
P. H. JONES.
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTOt FEBRUARY 6t 1970. 12 P» 3 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*IAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, *GREAT LAKES, OE-TERGENTSt PHOSPHATE, TESTING,
IDENTIFIERS:
ST LAWRENCE RIVER, HEAVY DUTY DETERGENT, DETERGENT BIODEGRADABILITY
TESTS, FISH TOXICITY STUDIES, ALGAE STUDIES, BIODEGRADABLE DETERGENT.
ABSTRACT:
PHOSPHATE IS THE CRITICAL NUTRIENT IN THE FERTILIZATION OF THE GREAT
LAKES, AND DETERGENTS CONTRIBUTE 1/2 TO 2/3 OF THE PHOSPHATES REACHING
WASTE TREATMENT PLANT-S. A NON-PHOSPHATE HEAVY DUTY LAUNDRY DETERGENT
HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WHICH IS COMPARABLE IN CLEANING EFFECTIVENESS WITH
CURRENT PRODUCTS, AND WOULD COST NO MORE TO PRODUCE WHEN ECONOMIES OF
SCALE ARE ACHIEVED. IT CONTAINS NOTHING WHICH WOULD UPSET THE NATURAL
CYCLE OR CREATE POLLUTION CONDITIONS. BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES RESULTED
FAVORABLY. OTHER TESTS ARE UNDER WAY. (POWERS-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05G, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W70-04378
71
-------
THE GREAT AND DIRTY LAKES,
GLADWIN HILL.
IN: CONTROLLING POLLUTION: THE ECONOMICS OF A CLEANER AMERICA, ED. MARSHALL
I. GOLDMAN, ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS, N.J.: PRENTICE-HALL, INC., 1967, P. 43-48,
AND SATURDAY REIVEW, OCT. 23, 1965.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ALGAE, *INDUSTRIAL WASTES, *MUNICIPAL WASTES, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER
POLLUTION, SEWAGE, AESTHETICS, AEROBIC CONDITIONS, ANAEROBIC
CONDITIONS, WATER SUPPLY.
IDENTIFIERS:
*DEVOLUTION, *INTERSTATE POLLUTION, *METROPOLITAN AREAS, BLONDIN.
ABSTRACT:
THE-POLLUTION OF THE GREAT LAKES IS DISCUSSED. FOCUSING ON NIAGRA
FALLS, THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION FROM DULUTH TO BUFFALO ARE TRACED.
SPECIAL ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO THE CHICAGO AND DETROIT METROPOLITAN
AREAS.- THE GREAT LAKES ARE TREATED AS ONE CONTINUOUS SYSTEM AND
SUGGESTS INTERSTATE POLLUTION ABATEMENT AS THE ONLY POSSIBLE RECOURSE,
REJECTING INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS AS CUMBERSOME AND INTRASTATE EFFORTS AS
INEFFECTUAL. WHILE RECOGNIZING THE MUNICIPAL WASTE AS A MAJOR POLLUTION
SOURCE, THE AUTHOR CONCENTRATES ON INDUSTRIAL WASTES FROM THE OIL,
STEEL, PAPER,'SOAP, CHEMICAL AND AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES. HE CITES THE
CHICAGO AND DETROIT METROPOLITAN AREAS AS THE MAIN DISCHARGERS OF
AMMONIA NITROGEN, PHENOLS, CYANIDE, OIL, PHOSPHATES, CHLORIDES,
SUSPENDED AND SETTLEABLE SOLIDS AND NITROGEN COMPOUND WASTES INTO THE
LAKES. CHICAGO'S EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN A USABLE WATER SUPPLY AND
DETROIT'S' OUTDATED SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES ARE ALSO REVIEWED. THE
DEATH OF LAKE ERIE IS TREATED ALONG WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE DEVOLUTION
OF AQUATIC LIFE WHICH ACCOMPANIED IT. THE EFFORTS OF PRIVATE
INDIVIDUALS AND CONSERVATION GROUPS AND THOSE OF VARIOUS STATE AND
FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS ARE TREATED. (RICHMOND-CHICAGO)
FIELD 05G, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W70-04430
72
-------
OUTWITTING THE PATIENT ASSASSIN: THE HUMAN USE OF LAKE POLLUTION,
NORTHWESTERN UNIV., EVANSTON. ILL. TECHNOLOGICAL INST.
HAROLD B. GOTAAS.
BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS, P 8-10, MAY 1969.
DESCRIPTORS:
*NUTRIENTS, *BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS, *LAKE ERIE, PHOSPHORUS, FISH
STOCKING, COMMERCIAL FISH, SALMON, ALGAE, EISH.
IDENTIFIERS:
ANTIPOLLUTION PROGRAMS, BIOLOGICAL BALANCE, OVERFISHING, COHO SALMON,
ALEWIFE, NUTRIENT REMOVAL.
ABSTRACT:
SOME ASPECTS OF THE OCTOBER 1968 DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR REPORT ON LAKE
ERIE ARE CHALLENGED. THE EMPHASIS ON NUTRIENT REMOVAL WHICH WOULD
RESULT IN IMMEDIATE EXPENDITURE OF $1.1 BILLION TO CONTROL MUNICIPAL
POLLUTION AND $285 MILLION FOR CURBING INDUSTRIAL CONTAMINATION IS
QUESTIONED IN LIGHT OF THE EXPECTED BENEFITS. SEVERAL EFFICACIOUS
ALTERNATIVES FOR REVIVING THE GREAT LAKES ARE SUGGESTED: (1) FURTHER
NUTRIENT RELATIONSHIPS AND COST VERSUS BENEFITS STUDIES SHOULD BE
UNDERTAKEN BEFORE MONEY IS SPENT TO BUILD EXPENSIVE TREATMENT
FACILITIES; m HARVEST ALGAE AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FOOD THUS
PREVENTING IT FROM CONTRIBUTING TO THE ORGANIC WASTE LOAD; (3) PREVENT
THE INTRODUCTION OF ALL TOXIC MATERIALS ENABLING DESIRABLE BIOLOGICAL
BALANCES TO BE ESTABLISHED; (4) SEED THE LAKES WITH DESIRABLE FISH TO
ESTABLISH A FOOD CHAIN WHICH WOULD PERMIT THE GROWTH AND REMOVAL OF
NUTRIENTS AS WELL AS FISH FOR FOOD NEEDS AND SPORT; AND (5) ADOPT WATER
QUALITY-STANDARDS THAT ARE REALISTIC AS TO THEIR COSTS, BENEFITS, AND
TIME PRIORITIES. (HASKINS-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-04465
73
-------
ALGAE FROM WESTERN LAKE ERIE,
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF BOTANY AND PLANT PATHOLOGY,
CLAREN: E. TAFT, AND w. JACK KISHLER.
OHIO JUURNAL OF SCIENCE, VOL 68, NO 2, P 80-83, 1968. 9 FIG, 7 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ALGAE, *LAKE ERIE, CHLOROPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA, UNITED STATES, HABITATS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*NEW SPECIES, *WESTERN LAKE ERIE(OHIO), GONGROSIRA STAGNALIS,
NEPHROCYTIUM OBESUM W AND G S WEST, RADIOCOCCUS NIMBATUS, URONEMA
ELONGATUM HODGETTS, CHROOCOCCUS PRESCOTTII, CALOTHRIX FUSCA,
MICROCOLEUS LACUSTRIS (RAB) FARLOW, CLADOPHORA, TAXONOMIC DESCRIPTIONS,
GONGROSIRA LACUSTRIS BRAND, GONGROSIRA DEBARYANA RAB, OOCYSTIS,
OSCILLATORIA, ULOTHRIX, EUCAPSIS ALPINA CLEMENTS AND SCHANTZ, SCYTONEMA
ALATUM (CARM) BORZI, SCYTONEMA MYOCHROUS.
ABSTRACT:
FOUR SPECIES OF ALGAE IN THE CHLOROPHYTA (GONGROSIRA STAGNALIS,
NEPHROCYTIUM OBESUM, RADIOCOCCUS NIMBATUS, AND URONEMA ELONGATUM) AND
FIVE IN THE CYANOPHYTA (CHROOCOCCUS PRESCOTTI, CALOTHRIX FUSCA,
MICROCOLEUS LACUSTRIS, SCYTONEMA ALATUM, AND SCYTONEMA MYOCHROUS) ARE
NEWLY REPORTED FOR WESTERN LAKE ERIE. GONGROSIRA STAGNALIS (G S WEST)
SCHMIDLE, COLLECTED FROM THE BASAL FRAGMENTS OF OLD CLADOPHORA, APPEARS
TO BE A NEW RECORD FOR THE UNITED STATES. NEPHROCYTIUM OBESUM W AND G S
WEST, WHICH IS REPORTED AS OFTEN HAVING A SHALLOWLY SCROBICULATE WALL,
IS UNIQUE AND MERITS FURTHER INTENSIVE STUDY. THESE NEW ALGAE
OCCASIONALLY APPEAR IN TEACHING AND RESEARCH COLLECTIONS AT STONE
LABORAT0RY, PUT-IN-BAY, OHIO. THE HABITAT OF G STAGNALIS ON
CALCIUM-ENCRUSTED CLADOPHORA FILAMENTS IS UNIQUE. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-04468
74
-------
THE ECOLOGICAL DECLINE OF LAKE ERIEt
NEW YORK STATE COLL. OF AGRICULTUREt ITHACA.
DEAN F. ARNOLD.
NEW YORK FISH AND GAME JOURNAL. VOL 16. NO 1. P 27-45, 1969. 5 FIG. 69 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE. *EUTROPHICAT ION, *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, *WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, DOMESTIC WASTES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, ZOOPLANKTON, BENTHIC FAUNA,
FISHERIES, WALLEYE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION, MAUMEE RIVER(MICH), DETROIT RIVER(MICH), BLUE
PIKE, COREGONIDS, STURGEON.
ABSTRACT:
LAKE ERIE IS PERHAPS THE BEST-DOCUMENTED EXAMPLE OF A LAkGE LAKE WHICH
IS DETERIORATING RAPIDLY IN SEVERAL ASPECTS, INCLUDING EUTROPHY. THE
SHALLOW WESTERN BASIN IS EXPOSED TO HIGH SEDIMENT LOADS, CONTRIBUTED
LARGELY BY FARMLAND EROSION TRANSPORTED BY THE MAUMEE RIVER. HUMAN
ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION OF JETTIES AND EROSION-CONTROL
STRUCTURES HAVE INCREASED TOTAL SHORE EROSION AND SILT LOAD. EFFECTS OF
DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION ARE MOST NOTICEABLE IN THE WESTERN
BASIN. ALL CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS EXCEPT SILICATE AND IRON HAVE
INCREASED FROM ABOUT 16 TO 300* SINCE 1906. OXYGEN DEPLETION IS MOST
NOTABLE IN THE DEEPER CENTRAL BASIN. AVERAGE QUANTITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON
HAS INCREASED THREEFOLD; SHIFTS IN SPECIES COMPOSITION HAVE BEEN NOTED.
BLUE-GREEN ALGAE HAVE BECOME A DOMINANT FORM; ATTACHED AND FLOATING
ALGAE HAVE INCREASED. CLADOCERAN ZOOPLANKTON HAVE INCREASED AS HAVE
CHARACT€RISTICALLY EUTROPHIC SPECIES OF COPEPODS. MAYFLY NAIADS
(HEXAGENIA) HAVE DECREASED MARKEDLY WHILE OLIGOCHAETES, CHIRONOMID
LARVAE AND SEWAGE FUNGUS HAVE INCREASED. POPULATIONS OF COREGONIDS.
STURGEON, PIKE (STIZOSTEDION) HAVE COLLAPSED; SHAD, ALEWJFE, SMELT, AND
CARP HAVE INCREASED. SEVERAL FEASIBLE REMEDIAL ACTIONS HAVE BEEN
PROPOSED; THEIR PRACTICABILITY AND EFFICACY IS DIFFICULT TO PREDICT.
(VOIGTLANDER-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-04496
-------
DISTRIBUTION OF C-14 IN PRODUCTS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO
PHYTOPLANKTON COMPOSITION AND RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
ASHLAND COLL.t OHIO. DEPT. OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES.
JOHN H. OLIVE, DUANE M. BENTON, AND JACK KISHLER.
ECOLOGY, VOL 50, NO 3, P 380-386, 1969. 6 FIG, 2 TAB, 31 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKES, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *PHYTOPLANKTON, METHODOLOGY, STANDING CROP,
PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS, GROWTH RATES, LAKE ERIE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CARBON-14, *PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE, CASCINODISCUS, APHANIZAMENON,
MICROCYSTIS, CERATIUM.
ABSTRACT:
DISTRIBUTION OF CARBON-14 IN FOUR DOMINANT SPECIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON WAS
DETERMINED FROM IN SITU CULTURES. ETHANOL-SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF
PHYTOPLANKTON ACCOUNTED FOR 25-60* OF ASSIMILATED CARBON-14; INSOLUBLE
FRACTIONS ACCOUNTED FOR 20-48X. ION-EXCHANGE FRACTIONATION OF
ETHANOL-SOLUBLE FRACTION REVEALED 68-8335 OF CARBON-14 IN
CARBOHYDRATE-LIP ID FRACTION; 8-2335 IN NON-AMINO ORGANIC ACID FRACTION
AND 3-20% IN FREE AMINO ACID FRACTION. DISTRIBUTION OF CARBON-14 IN
DIFFERENT FRACTIONS VARIED WITH SPECIES OF ALGA, RATE OF POPULATION
INCREASE AND LEVEL OF ILLUMINATION. RAPIDLY-GROWING POPULATIONS SHOWED
HIGHER PROPORTIONS OF CARBON-14 IN PROTEIN FRACTIONS; HIGH PROPORTIONS
OF CARBON-14 IN CARBOHYDRATE-LIPID FRACTIONS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH
PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATES. GRAPHICAL DATA INCLUDE TEMPORAL VARIATION IN
DISTRIBUTION OF CARBON-14 AND IN TOTAL AND RELATIVE RATES OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS. (VOIGTLANDER-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-04497
76
-------
PLANKTON DIATOM ASSEMBLAGES IN LAKE MICHIGAN,
MICHIGAN UNIV., ANN ARBOR.
EUGENE F. STOERMER, AND J. J. YANG.
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBORt GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIVISION, SPECIAL
REPORT NO. 47, 1969. 268 P, 65 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
PHYTOPLANKTON, *DIATOMS, LAKE MICHIGAN, EUTROPHICATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
DIVERSITY INDEX, ^THERMAL BAR.
ABSTRACT:
DETAILED ANALYSES ARE PRESENTED OF PLANKTON DIATOM POPULATIONS
OCCURRING IN MODERN COLLECTIONS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE LAKE AS WELL AS
COLLECTIONS FROM THE CHICAGO AREA DATING BACK TO 1876. RECORDS OF
OCCURRENCE AND POPULATION FREQUENCY ARE GIVEN FOR 714 TAXONOMIC
ENTITIES. DIVERSITY AND REDUNDANCY INDICES WERE CALCULATED FOR THE
ASSEMBLAGES EXAMINED. STUDY SHOWED INCREASING INCURSION OF POLLUTION
TOLERANT FORMS INTO THE LAKE MICHIGAN FLORA. SPECIES WHICH HAVE CAUSED
OBJECTIONAL BLOOMS IN RECENT YEARS IN SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN FIRST
OCCURRED IN COLLECTIONS TAKEN IN THE 1930'S AND NOW ARE FOUND IN ALL
PARTS OF THE LAKE. SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH EXTREME WATER QUALITY
DEGRADATION IN LAKE ERIE HAVE RECENTLY BEEN INTRODUCED INTO LAKE
MICHIGAN. AT THE PRESENT TIME EXTREME DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED BETWEEN THE
NEARSHORE FLORA AND THAT OF THE OPEN LAKE, PARTICULARLY DURING THERMAL
BAR CONDITIONS FN THE SPRING. ON THE BASIS OF FLORISTIC ANALYSIS THE
AUTHOR'S'GENERAL CONCLUSION IS THAT LAKE MICHIGAN AT THE PRESENT TIME
IS APPROACHING THE BREAK-POINT BETWEEN TRANSIENT ALGAL NUSIANCES
CONFINED TO THE INSHORE AREA AND MORE DRASTIC CHANGES AFFECTING THE
ENTIRE ECOSYSTEM.
FIELD 05C, 021
ACCESSION NO. W70-04902
77
-------
WATER MASSES AND THEIR MOVEMENTS IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE*
OHIO STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, COLUMBUS.
CHARLES E. HERDENDORF.
OHIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS NO 74, 1969. 7
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LIMNOLOGY, *FLOW, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, CURRENTS(WATER),
WATER CHEMISTRY, HYDROLOGY, WATER LEVELS, TRACKING TECHNIQUES.
IDENTIFIERS:
WATER MASS MOVEMENT.
ABSTRACT:
A S.YNOPTIC SURVEY OF SEVERAL OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WATER IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE WAS CONDUCTED ON JUNE
23, 1963. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE
FEASIBILITY AND VALUE OF A SYNOPTIC SURVEY OF WATER PROPERTIES AS A
METHOD OF MAPPING WATER MASSES AND OF DETERMINING THEIR ORIGINS AND
PATHS OF MOVEMENT. THIS BASIN IS THE RECIPIENT OF LARGE INFLUXES OF
WATER, EACH WITH ITS DISTINCTIVE PROPERTIES, FROM THE DETROIT AND
MAUMEE RIVERS AND FROM THE CENTRAL BASIN OF LAKE ERIE. SAMPLING
STATIONS WERE ESTABLISHED ON A TWO-MILE GRID, RESULTING IN A TOTAL OF
300 STATIONS. AT EACH STATION WATER SAMPLES WERE TAKEN WITH KEMMERER
WATER SAMPLERS AT TWO DEPTHS: 5 FEET BELOW THE SURFACE AND 2 FEET ABOVE
THE BOTTOM. AT THE TIME OF SAMPLING, WATER TEMPERATURES WERE MEASURED
TO THE NEAREST DEGREE FAHRENHEIT. THE COMPUTED VELOCITIES ARE GENERALLY
SUBSTANTIATED BY DIRECT MEASUREMENTS. TEMPERATURE AND CONDUCTIVITY
VALUES INDICATE A DOMINATING SOUTHWARD MOVEMENT OF THE DETROIT RIVER
WATER. A NORTHWESTWARD FLOW OF CENTRAL LAKE ERIE WATER INTO THE
SOUTHERN ISLANDS AREA AND SOUTH OF PELEE POINT IS ALSO RECOGNIZED. MOST
OF THE FLOW FROM WESTERN LAKE ERIE INTO THE CENTRAL BASIN APPEARS TO BE
THROUGH PELEE PASSAGE. VARIATIONS IN WATER LEVELS, WHEN CORRELATED WITH
POOL IKE MASSES OF WATER WHICH HAVE ENTERED THE LAKE FROM THE DETROIT
RIVER, PROVIDE DATA FOR DETERMINING THE VELOCITY OF THEIR MOVEMENTS.
THE AVERAGE VELOCITY OF DETROIT RIVER WATER FLOW IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE
IS APPROXIMATELY 0.5 FT/SEC. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-05076
78
-------
THE INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN ON HETEROCYST PRODUCTION IN BLUE-GREEN ALGAE,
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES* ANN ARBOR* MICH. BIOLOGICAL LAB.
ROANN E. OGAWA, AND JOHN F. CARR.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, VOL 14, NO 3, P 342-351, 1969. 7 FIG, 4 TAB, 26
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ALGAE, *CYANOPHYTA, *NITROGEN FIXATION, NUTRIENTS, LAKE ERIE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*HETEROCYSTS, ANABAENA VARIABILIS, MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA,
APHANIZOMENON FLOS-AQUAE, OSCILLATORIA, ANABAENA CYLINDRICA B629,
ANABAENA INAEQUALIS 381, ANABAENA FLOS AQUAE, TOLYPOTHRIX DISTORTA,
GLOEOTRICHIA ECHINULATA LB 1303*
ABSTRACT?
INDIRECT EVIDENCE IS-PRESENTED SUGGESTING INVOLVEMENT OF HETEROCYSTS IN
UTILIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN AS SOLE NITROGEN SOURCE FOR ALGAE.
SEVEN HETEROCYSTOUS (KNOWN ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN-FIXING) BLUE-GREEN
ALGAE WERE GROWN IN A MODIFIED CHU NO 10 MEDIUM DEVOID OF COMBINED
NITROGEN; TWO NON-HETEROCYSTOUS (NON-ATMOSPHERIC-FIXING) BLUE-GREENS
DID NOT GROW IN THIS MEDIUM. HETEROCYSTS WERE PRODUCED SHORTLY AFTER
INOCULA DEVOfD OF HETEROCYSTS WERE PLACED IN NITORGEN-FREE MEDIUM.
PRODUCTION WAS GREATEST WHEN ATMOSPHERIC NITORGEN SERVED AS SOLE
NITROGEN SOURCE, AND LEAST WHEN AMMONIA-NITROGEN SERVED AS SOLE
NITROGEN-SOURCE. NITRATE-NITROGEN PRODUCED AN INTERMEDIATE NUMBER OF
HETEROCYSTS. WHEN MEDIUM NITRATE-NITROGEN CONTENT WAS VARIED AS SOLE
NITROGEN SOURCE, NUMBERS OF HETEROCYSTS PRODUCED WERE INVERSELY
PROPORTIONAL TO THE NITROGEN CONCENTRATION. THEY DID NOT DEVELOP IN THE
ABSENCE OF PHOSPHORUS, BUT NO EFFORT WAS MADE TO DETERMINE THE CRITICAL
PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION FOR THEIR PRODUCTION. PRODUCTION OF
HETEROCYSTS IN CIRCUMSTANCES OF LOW COMBINED NITROGEN MAY PROVIDE AN
ECOLOGICAL ADVANTAGE. THE RELATIVE NUMBERS OF HETEROCYSTS IN
FIELD-COLLECTED SAMPLES INDICATE THE RELATIVE AMOUNT OF AVAILABLE
NITROGEN AND A CONTINUING SUPPLY OF AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS.
(GERHOLD-WISCONSIN)
FIELD OSC
ACCESSION NO. W70-05091
-------
NUTRIENT REMOVAL A UNIVERSAL REQUIREMENT
ROGER DAVIES.
WATER AND POLLUTION CONTROL* P 28-30, JANUARY 1970. 1 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*NUTRIENTSt INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO,
MATER POLLUTION, EUTROPHICATION, ST LAWRENCE RIVER, OLIGOTROPHY,
TURBIDITY, PRODUCTIVITY, PHYTOPLANKTON, PHOSPHORUS, NITROGEN,
DETERGENTS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, MUNICIPAL WASTES, RETENTION,
SEDIMENTATION, CYANOPHYTA, NITROGEN FIXATION, SEWAGE TREATMENT,
EFFLUENTS, DRAINAGE, AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS, COLIFORMS, MICHIGAN,
OHIO, NEW YORK, STORM DRAINS, VIRUSES, HERBICIDES, PESTICIDES, OIL
WASTES, GASOLINE, DRILLING, COST ANALYSIS.
' IDENTIFIERS:
*REKOVAL, 'REQUIREMENT, MESOTROPHIC, CANADA, DETROIT(MICH),
TOLEDOtOHIO), CLEVELAND(OHIO), BUFFALO(N Y), NIAGARA RIVERtN Y),
OSHAWA
-------
THE AGING GREAT LAKESo
CHARLES Fo POWERS 9 AND ANDREW ROBERTSON.
SCIENTIFIC AMERICANo VOL 215t NO 5, P 94-100. 102, 104, 1966. 8 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS?
*EUTROPHICATION« *GREAT LAKES* *LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, FISH, FISH
POPULATIONSs, BASSt HERRING, WALLEYE, PIKES, LAMPREYS, CARP, TROUT,
COMMERCIAL FISHING, PERCHES, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, WASTES.
IDENTIFIERS?
DETROIT RIVER, CATTARAUGUS CREEKCN Y), ALEWIFE, SUCKERS.
ABSTRACTS
A GENERAL PHYSICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOOK AT THE GREAT LAKES TOGETHER
WITH SOME ECOLOGICAL CHANGES THAT HAVE OCCURRED BECAUSE OF MAN'S
ACTIVITIES ARE PRESENTED. NATURAL AGING ASPECTS OF THE LAKES VERSUS
ACCELERATED AGING (EUTROPHICATION) ARE COMPARED. ONE OF THE FIRST
INSTANCES OF MAN'S CATASTROPHIC EFFECTS ON THE NATURAL RESOURCES
FOLLOWED THE BUILDING OF THE WELLAND CANAL, WHICH ALLOWED THE SEA
LAMPREY AND ALEWIFE TO PENETRATE AROUND NIAGARA FALLS INTO THE INNER
LAKES,, BY THE 1950'S THE ALEWIFE HAD KILLED OFF NEARLY ALL THE LAKE
TROUT AND BURBOT IN LAKES HURON, MICHIGAN AND SUPERIOR. THE ALEWIFE HAS
BECOME PROMINENT AND THREATENS TO CHANGE THE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE BY
FEEDING ON THE EGGS OF MORE DESIRABLE SPECIES. THE COHO SALMON
EXPERIMENT IN LAKES MICHIGAN AND SUPERIOR, TO REDUCE THE ALEWIFE
POPULATION IS BRIEFLY DISCUSSED. ECOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS THAT WILL OCCUR
AS THE RESULT OF POLLUTION WILL BE MORE PROFOUND. INDUSTRIAL AND
MUNICIPAL POLLUTANTS THAT ARE DISCHARGED INTO LAKE ERIE AND THEIR
EFFECT ON- COMMERCIAL FISHING ARE DRASTIC. BETWEEN 1956 AND 1965 CATCHES
OF BLUE-PIKE, WALLEYE, LAKE HERRING, WHITEFISH, AND SAUGER DECLINED
WHILE CATCHES OF UNDESIRABLE SPECIES ROSE. (HASKINS-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H9 05C • . .
ACCESSION NO* H70-05415
81
-------
PORT AUTHORITIES (ESTABLISHMENT, AUTHORITY, AND REGULATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES)
OHIO REV CODE ANN SECS 4582.01 THRU 4582.20 (PAGE, 1965), AS AMENDED, (SUPP
.1970).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *PORT AUTHORITIES, *HARBORS, *LAKE ERIE, LEGAL ASPECTS,
LEGISLATION, CITIES, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, STATE GOVERNMENTS,
INTER-AGENCY COOPERATION, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, ADMINISTRATION,
LAKES, CHANNELS, CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, RECREATION
FACILITIES, RIPARIAN LAND, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, DOCKS, PIERS, COSTS, TAXES,
NAVIGATION, EMINENT DOMAIN, RIGHT-OF-WAY, EASEMENTS,
WATERCOURSES(LEGAL).
ABSTRACT:
ANY MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OR COUNTY MAY CREATE A PORT AUTHORITY OR MAY
JOIN AN EXISTING PORT AUTHORITY. A COUNTY CREATING A PORT AUTHORITY
MUS.T FULLY COMPENSATE THE MUNICIPALITIES WITHIN THE COUNTY FOR THEIR
PRIOR WATERFRONT INVESTMENTS. A BOARD OF DIRECTORS GOVERNS EACH PORT
AUTHORITY. A PORT AUTHORITY MAY: (1) PURCHASE, CONSTRUCT, AND OPERATE
COMMERCIAL AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES; (2) IMPROVE ANY WATERCOURSE
NECESSARY TO DEVELOPMENT OF PORT FACILITIES; (3) ISSUE BONDS TO FINANCE
AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES; (4) EXERCISE THE POWER OF EMINENT DOMAIN WHEN
NECESSARY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OR EFFICIENT OPERATION OF ANY OF ITS
FACILITIES; (5) ENTER INTO CONTRACTS OR AGREEMENTS WITH OTHER
GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES; AND (6) CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTION OR IMPROVEMENT
OF FACILITIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH CERTAIN ENUMERATED RESTRICTIONS.
PROCEDURES ARE ESTABLISHED WHICH ENABLE THE OWNERS OF LAND ABUTTING
LAKE ERIE AND WITHIN THE JURISDICTION OF A PORT AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO
LEASES OF ADJACENT SUBMERGED LAND FROM THE STATE FOR PURPOSES OF
CONSTRUCTING IMPROVEMENTS. THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS MUST APPROVE
LEASES 0F THIS TYPE. (CASEY-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W70-05661
82
-------
MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS- SALE OR LEASE OF PROPERTY (USE, LEASE AND CONTROL OF
LAKE ERIE WATERS AND SOIL).
OHIO REV CODE ANN SECS 721.04, 721.05, 721.09, 721.11 (PAGE, 1953), AS
AMENDED, (SUPP, 1970).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *CITIES, *LAND DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, MUNICIPAL
WATER, LANDFILLS, LAND FORMING, LAND MANAGEMENT, DOCKS, BULKHEAD LIN,"
BULKHEADS, COASTAL STRUCTURES, PIERS, HIGHWAYS, ROAD CONSTRUCTION,
ASSESSMENTS, COST REPAYMENT, COST ALLOCATION, COST SHARING, SHORES,
LHTTORAL, LEGAL ASPECTS, LAND TENURE, REAL PROPERTY, LAND USE.
ABSTRACT!
MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS BORDERING LAKE ERIE MAY OPERATE DOCKING AND
TERMINAL FACILITIES ON MUNICIPAL PROPERTY OR ON ARTIFICIALLY FILLED
STATE PROPERTY BEYOND THE SHORELINE. THEY MAY ALSO REGULATE THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF HARBOR LINES AND OTHER ENCROACHMENTS ON THE TERRITORY,
MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OVER EXISTING LAND, OR LAND CREATED BY FILLING,
EXTENDS TWO MILES BEYOND THE NATURAL SHORELINE AND IS SUBJECT TO ANY
RIGHTS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. LAND FILLED OR IMPROVED BY THE UPLAND
OWNER MAY NOT BE TAKEN BY THE MUNICIPALITY WITHOUT FOLLOWING THE
PROCEDURES PROVIDED. RENTALS COLLECTED FOR THE USE OF SUCH LAND OR
FACILITIES MAY BE USED ONLY"FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF NAVIGATION AND WATfc
COMMERCE. ANY MUNICIPALITY HAVING JURISDICTION OVER WATERFRONT PROPERTV
MAY DEVELOP THE WATERFRONT BY CONSTRUCTING BULKHEADS AND FILLING
PROPERTY OUT TO THE BULKHEADS. LAND BENEFITED BY SUCH DEVELOPMENT MAY
BE ASSESSED FOR THE COST OF SAME, AND BONDS MAY BE ISSUED IN
ANTICIPATION OF THE ASSESSMENTS. (DOUBERLEY-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E '
*
ACCESSION NO. W70-05771
83
-------
AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION OF WATER BODIESt
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICEt WASHINGTON, D.C.
WILLIAM M. EDWARDS, AND LLOYD L. HARROLD.
THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE VOL 70, NO 1, P 50-56, JAN 1970.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION, *FARMS, LIVESTOCK, *PHOSPHORUS, ^NITRATES,
^PESTICIDES, *SOIL CONSERVATION, RUNOFF, EROSION, PERCOLATION,
SEDIMENT, WASTE.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ERIE, BARNYARD, SOLIDS, LIQUIDS.
ABSTRACT:
POLLUTION OF OHIO'S WATER BODIES IS OF GROWING PUBLIC CONCERN;
INDUSTRIAL, URBAN, AND RURAL SOURCES ARE BECOMING THE SUBJECT OF
CRITICAL EXAMINATION. RURAL SOURCES ARE SOIL SEDIMENT, PLANT NUTRIENTS,
ANIMAL WASTE, AND PESTICIDES. PESTICIDES AND PHOSPHORUS ARE ABSORBED
RAPIDLY AND STRONGLY TO SOIL PARTICLES. THEREFORE REDUCTIONS IN
SEDIMENT, PHOSPHORUS, AND PESTICIDE POLLUTION ARE ACHIEVED BY
SOIL-EROSION-CONTROL FARMING PRACTICES. MORE ACRES NEED TO BE BROUGHT
UNDER EROSION-CONTROL PRACTICES. NITRATES DISSOLVE IN WATER AND ARE
CARRIED BY SURFACE FLOW TO STREAMS AND LAKES, AND BY PERCOLATING WATER
TO UNDERGROUND AQUIFERS. INCREASES IN THE USE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER,
IN EVIDENCE ALMOST EVERYWHERE, COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS CONTAMINATION OF
WATER BODIES, IF SOIL ENRICHMENT GREATLY EXCEEDS THE CROP DEMAND. AREAS
WHERE LARGE-SCALE LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY PRODUCTION IS CONCENTRATED ARE
ALSO POTENTIAL SOURCES OF SERIOUS POLLUTION. IN OHIO, ANIMAL-WASTE
POLLUTION PROBLEMS ARE BEING STUDIED AT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, AND
MOVEMENT OF POLLUTANTS IN SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE WATERS ON DRAINAGE
PLOTS NEAR CASTALIA ARE BEING STUDIED BY THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER AND ON AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS BY.USDA
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE AT COSHOCTON, OHIO. (HARROLD-USDA, ARS)
FIELD 05B
ACCESSION NO. W70-06041
84
-------
FRESH WATER WHITECAPSt
HOBART AND WILLIAM SMITH COLLEGESt GENEVA, N.Y.
EDWARD C. MONAHAN.
AVAILABLE FROM THE CLEARINGHOUSE AS AD-698 977,, $3.00 IN PAPER CQPY, $0.65 IN
MICROFICHE. JNL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, V. 26, NO. 5, PT. 2, P. 1026-1029,
SEPT.. 69. ONR CONTRACT N00014-68-C-0409, NR 083-212.
DESCRIPTORS: > •
*WAVES, LAKE MORPHOMETRY, LAKES, GREAT LAKES, WINDS, VELOCITY, AIR
TEMPERATURE, THERMAL PROPERTIES, HYGROMETRY, ANEMOMETERS, BUBBLES.
IDENTIFIERS:
'XWHITECAPS, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE, DETROIT EDISON
VESSEL, NAUGATUCK VESSEL, AIR WATER INTERACTIONS, WIND VELOCITY.
ABSTRACT:
PHOTOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE WHITECAP COVERAGE OF LARGE FRESH WATER
LAKES-WERE MADE IN CONJUNCTION WITH MEASUREMENTS OF WIND VELOCITY, AND
AIR AND SURFACE WATER TEMPERATURES. THE FRACTION OF THE WATER SURFACE
COVERED BY WHITECAPS SHOWS AN ABRUPT INCREASE AS THE WIND VELOCITY
INCREASES FROM APPROXIMATELY 7 TO APPROXIMATELY 8 M/SEC. THIS ABRUPT
CHANGE IS QUALITATIVELY IN ACCORD WITH THE PUBLISHED OBSERVATIONS OF
•CRITICAL' WIND VELOCITIES ASSOCIATED WITH NUMEROUS OTHER WATER-SURFACE
AND SURFACE-RELATED PHENOMENA. THE WHITECAP COVERAGE OF FRESH WATER
BODIES, PARTICULARLY AT THE HIGHER WIND VELOCITIES, IS MUCH LESS THAN
THE PUBLISHED VALUES OF WHITECAP COVERAGE OF OCEANS UNDER THE SAME WIND
CONDITIONS.
FIELD 02L, 07B
ACCESSION NO, W70-06459
85
-------
THE GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCE*
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION, CHICAGO, ILL. GREAT LAKES
.REGION.
H. W. POSTON, AND C. R. OWNB.EY. . » , ^ . •
* %
JOURNAL AMERICAN 'WATER WORKS ASSqcrATJON', ,VOL 60, NO 1,.P 15-20, 1968. 4 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *WAT,ER RESOURCES, WATER QUALI-TY, - EU:TROPHICATION, LAKE
ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE MICHIGAN, PHOSPHATES,, PRODUCT IVITY,
FERTILIZATION, CHEMICALS, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, STRATIFICATION, BACTERIA,
SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, STORM RUNOFF, SEWERS, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER, LAKE HURON,
NEW YORK, MICHIGAN, ILLINOIS, WISCONSIN, OHIO, INDIANA, PENNSYLVANIA.
IDENTIFIERS': ' v • '••"•
CANADIAN GOVERNMENT, ONTARIO, DETROIT(MICH), CALUMET RIVER(ILL), FOX
RIVER(WIS), SAGINAW RIVER(MICH), CUYAHOGA RIVER(OHIO), MAUMEE
RIVER.(OHIO), MENOMiNEE1.RlV,ER(WIS)« •'.,'.'-.'
. ABSTRACT:'' ' . . :'/..'. ' , -
LAKE, ERIE HAS ,JHE LARGEST CONTRIBUTING POPULATION TO DEGRADATION ON ITS
WATERSHED AND THE LARGE,ST DISCHARG.ER OF MUNICIPAL EFFLUENTS UNDERGOING
ONLY fOKJENNyTRiENT,,DEDUCTION. MODIFICATION OF TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
' AND OPERAt/NG~ PRACTICES CAN- REDUCE PHOSPHATE. CONCENTRATION IN WASTE
' WATER TO ,A HIGH DEGREE. ACCURATE',MEASUREMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND;
.EFFICIENT TECHNIQU'ES FOR. CONTROL OF AQUATIC pRGANISMS, ARE NEEDED.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS ARE INCREASING; FOR EXAMPLE, CHLORIDES TRIPLED
FROM 1910 TO I960; OXYGEN DEPLETION RESULTS FROM OVERSTIMULATION OF
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; HEALTH HAZARDS ALONG THE SHORES PREVAIL FROM
INADEQUATELY DISINFECTED SEWAGE EFFLUENTS. THE LARGEST SINGLE PLANNING
EFFORT UNDER WAY AT PRESENT IS THE GREAT LAKES-ILLINOIS RI VER-.BAS INS
STUDY UNDER THE FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT. THE INTERNATIONAL
JOINT COMMISSION IS ALSO COORDINATING A STUDY. PLANS FOR .LOCAL ACTIONS
ARE FORMULATED. THE ADMINISTRATORS' AND POLICY MAKERS' TASK WILL BE TO
ASSURE PROPER BALANCE IN THE EFFORTS DIRECTED TO RESEARCH, PLANS FOR
ACTION AND APPLICATION. SOME ACCEPTABLE INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT MUST
BE EVOLVED TO SETTLE DISPUTES BETWEEN CONFLICTING INTERESTS. AN
ORGANIZATION HAVING AUTHORITY TO COMMAND EFFECTIVE ACTION MUST BE
ESTABLISHED, CORRELATING EFFORTS OF PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS,
ECONOMISTS, LAWYERS, AND POLITICAL SCIENTISTS. A TVA OF THE GREAT LAKES
IS SUGGESTED. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 06B
ACCESSION NO. W70-06658
86
-------
V: TWO-DIMENSIOMAl DISPERSION
.U '.;AVL:a i4Z SOURCES COnn I SS ION o TOROWTOo GREAT LAKES WATtX ^>...
JVS ?RC
i'.-'.l. .-.El p AND «"o So liiAYVo
n KATES RESOURCES COMMISSION? CANADA GREAT LAKES SUSVKYS :-;i
:.:.':^o 29 P5 11 ^'.IG? 5 TAB 9
::,.,::^TS9 *CUaRENYS (MATES J9 ^DISPERSSOW^ KAKXCV PROCESSES
:;3i.K;£SSESo HMSTRUMEWTAYJONc CURREK1T METEKSs GREAT LAKiiSc
:<;:(.. ;:-ASESO TRACKING TECHNIQUES? STATE STSCAL KEYHODSO
DISPERSION*,
^ •;•:
-------
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LAKE ONTARIO,
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, ANN ARBOR, MICH. BIOLOGICAL LAB.
HERBERT E. ALLEN.
GREAT LAKES FISHERY COMMISSION TECHNICAL REPORT NO 14, P 1-18, 1969. 1 FIG, 5
TAB, 14 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SAMPLING, *LAKE ONTARIO, *CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, ALKALINITY, CONDUCTIVITY, POTASSIUM,
SODIUM, CALCIUM, SILICA, NANSEN BOTTLES.
IDENTIFIERS:
OPEN WATER, CHEMICAL VARIATIONS.
ABSTRACT:
SAMPLES OF OPEN WATER WERE COLLECTED AT 106 STATIONS IN LAKE ONTARIO
WITH THE INTENTION OF ESTABLISHING EAST-WEST AND SURFACE-SUBSURFACE
VARIATIONS IN WATER QUALITY. DETERMINATIONS OF PH VALUES, ALKALINITY,
SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN WERE PERFORMED ON THE
RESEARCH BOAT USING SAMPLES COLLECTED WITH NANSEN BOTTLES.
DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM, POTASSIUM, SODIUM, AND SILICA WAS MADE IN THE
LABORATORY. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN, LAKE ONTARIO WAS
FOUND TO BE CHEMICALLY SIMILAR TO LAKE ERIE, WHICH SUPPLIES LAKE
ONTARIO WITH 85? OF ITS WATER. THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF DISSOLVED
OXYGEN IN SURFACE WATER WAS ASTONISHINGLY HIGH, VARYING FROM 8.85 TO
9.76 PPM. (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02K,'02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-06966
88
-------
PESTICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN GREAT LAKES FISHt
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES* ANN ARBOR. MICH. GREAT LAKES FISHERY LAB.
ROBERT E. RE INERT.
CONTRIB. NO. 371 OF GREAT LAKES FISHERY LABORATORY. PESTICIDES MONITORING
JOURNAL. VOL. 3» NO. 4, P 233-240, MARCH 1970. 8 TAB, 1 FIG, 8 REFS.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES. *DIELDRIN, *DDT, CHLORINATED-HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES,
"•PESTICIDE RESIDUES. LAKE MICHIGAN. GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, LAKE ERIE, LAKE
TROUT, LAKE HURON, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE SUPERIOR, PESTICIDE REMOVAL.
IDENTIFIERS*
DDD* DDE, ALEWIFE.
ABSTRACT:
REPORTS ON A 4 YEAR STUDY BY ANN ARBOR GREAT LAKES FISHERY LABORATORY
OF THE BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES ON INSECTICIDE LEVELS IN FISH
FROM THE GREAT LAKES. THE TWO INSECTICIDES FOUND IN ALL GREAT LAKES
FISH HAVE BEEN DDT (DDT, DDD, DDE) AND DIELDRIN. FISH FROM LAKE
MICHIGAN CONTAIN FROM 2 TO 7 TIMES AS MUCH OF THESE INSECTICIDES AS
THOSE FROM THE OTHER. GREAT LAKES. INSECTICIDE LEVELS CALCULATED ON A
WHOLE-FISH BASIS SHOW A MARKED DIFFERENCE FROM SPECIES TO SPECIES.
WITHIN A SPECIES THERE IS ALSO AN INCREASE IN DDT AND DIELDRIN LEVELS
WITH AN INCREASE IN SIZE. IF THESE INSECTICIDE LEVELS ARE, HOWEVER,
CALCULATED AS PPM OF INSECTICIDE IN THE EXTRACTABLE FISH OIL, THE
DIFFERENCES IN CONCENTRATION BETWEEN SPECIES AND THE DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN SIZE GROUPS BECOMES CONSIDERABLY LESS. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS
INDICATE'THAT FISH CAN BUILD UP CONCENTRATIONS OF DDT AND DIELDRIN AT
THE PARTS-PER-MILLION LEVEL FROM PART$-PER-TRILLION CONCENTRATIONS IN
THE WATER. (SJOLSETH-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C ! .
ACCESSION NO. W70-07138
89
-------
CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND BIOTA OF THE GREAT LAKES,
WISCONSIN UNIV., MADISON.
A. M. BEETON.
EUTROPHICATION: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, CORRECTIVES, P 150-187. PRINTING AND
PUBLISHING OFFICE, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, WASHINGTON, D C, 1969. 15
FIG, 1 TAB, 76 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEDIMENTS, *EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE
SUPERIOR, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, NITRATES, WATER
POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
BENTHOS, FISH POPULATIONS, DISSOLVED SOLIDS, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, SULFATES,
IDENTIFIERS:
CHLJDRIDES, LITERATURE REVIEW, GREEN BAY, SAGINAW BAY.
ABSTRACT: - '
ALTHOUGH CONCERN OVER CHANGES 'IN THE GREAT LAKES HAS EXISTED FOR MANY
YEARS, THE IDEA THAT THE LAKES ARE UNDERGOING ACCELERATED
EUTROPHICATION IS RECENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES CAN BE. CONSIDERED IN
THREE CATEGORIES: POLLUTION OF INSHORE AREAS, LONG-TERM CHANGES IN OPEN
WATERS, AND CHANGES"IN SEDIMENTS. ON THE BASIS OF ACCEPTED
PHYSIOCOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, LAKES SUPERIOR, MICHIGAN, AND HURON
ARE OLIGOTROPHIC, LAKE ERIS IS EUTROPHIC AND LAKE ONTARIO IS IN AN
INTERMEDIATE CONDITION. SUPERIOR REMAINS OLIGOTROPHIC,' EXCEPT FOR
LOCALIZED POLLUTION; CHANGES IN F.ISH STOCKS ARE TRACEABLE TO COMMERCIAL
FISHING AND' PREDATION. BY LAMPPEY. LAKES MICHIGAN AND HURON HAVE
UNDERGONE CHANGES INVOLVING DISSOLVED OXYGEN, TOTAL DISSOLVED, SOLIDS
AND BIOTA WHICH INDICATE INCREASING EUTROPHY, ESPECIALLY IN GREEN AND
SAGINAW BAYS. LAKE ERIE HAS SHOWN MAJOR CHANGES IN LIMNOLOGICAL FACTORS
AND BIOTA; EFFECTS OF INCREASED POLLUTION AND EUTROPHICATION OF ERIE
HAVE SPREAD TO LAKE ONTARIO. THE MOST IMPORTANT CHANGES APPARENTLY ARE
THOSE OCCURRING IN SEDIMENTS OWING TO THE CONTRIBUTION OF LARGE
QUANTITIES OF ALLOCHTHONOUS MATERIALS RESULTING FROM URBANIZATION AND
INDUSTRIALIZATION. CHANGES IN SEDIMENTS ARE IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE
OBSERVED CHANGES IN LIMNOLOGICAL FACTORS AND FISH POPULATIONS.
ABATEMENT OF PRESENT CONDITIONS IN LAKE ERIE IS THEORETICALLY POSSIBLE.
(SEE ALSO W70-03975). (VOIGTLANDER-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-07269
90
-------
01
THE LANGE-KUENTZEL-KERR THESIS.
CANADIAN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT* MARCH 1970. 8 P, 1 FIG* 1 TAB* 14 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, "PHOSPHORUS* *CARBON, BACTERIA* ALGAE* SYMBIOSIS*
CARBON DIOXIDE* NITROGEN* LAKES* ESTUARIES* NUTRIENTS* DETERGENTS*
WISCONSIN* LAKE ERIE* LAKE ONTARIO* ST LAWRENCE RIVER* INTERNATIONAL
JOINT COMMISSION.
IDENTIFIERS!
••"CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL* "CANADIAN PHOSPHATE DETERGENT BAN* HYANDOTTE
CHEMICAL CORPORATION* FMC CORPORATION* SOAP AND DETERGENT ASSOCIATION*
CARBOY TRIALS* CANADA* NITROGEN: PHOSPHORUS RATIO.
ABSTRACT:
REPORTS BY W LANGE (NATURE VOL. 215, NO. 5107: 1277-1278, SEP 17,
1967) * L E KUENTZEL (JOURNAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION:
1737-1747* OCT 1969), AND P C KERR (UNPUBLISHED) ARE CITED DEFENDING
THE 'THESIS THAT CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, NOT PHOSPHORUS, IS THE FACTOR
CONTROLLING THE PROCESS OF EUTROPHICATION. AS ADDITIONAL PROOF OF THE
MINOR ROLE OF PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN IN THE GROWTH OF ALGAE* THE
REPORT INCLUDES THE RESULT OF AN EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED IN TWO SMALL
OLIGOTROPHIC LAKES IN FLORIDA. ADDITION OF PHOSPHATE AND NITROGEN
FERTILIZERS TO ONE OF THESE ORGANIC MATTER-FREE LAKES FAILED TO ALTER
SIGNIFICANTLY THE TROPHIC STATE OF THE LAKE AND THE DENSITY OF
PLANKTONIC ORGANISMS. THE ISSUE IN QUESTION IS OF A FAR-REACHING
IMPORTANCE AS IT IS RELEVANT TO THE USA AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENT ACTION
RESTRICTING PHOSPHATE ENRICHED EFFLUENTS OF SOAP AND DETERGENTS INTO
ERIE AND ONTARIO LAKES AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE ST LAWRENCE
RIVER. (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
*
FIELD 05B, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-07283
91
-------
METEOROLOGICAL RECORDS FOR LAKES IDEt 1968 AND 1969.
STATE UNIV. COLL., FREDONIA, N.Y.
RICHARD CARROLL, AND JOHN A. JONES.
NEW YORK STATE UNIVERSITY, FREDONIA, TECHNICAL DATA REPORT NO 6, LAKE ERIE
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, MAY 1970. 28 P, 3 FIG, 2 REF, APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*CLIMATIC DATA, *LAKE ERIE, *NEW YORK, *DATA COLLECTIONS, CLIMATOLOGY,
WEATHER DATA, TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, WINDS, SOLAR RADIATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKESIDE LABORATORY(NY).
ABSTRACT:
REDUCED METEOROLOGICAL DATA ARE SUMMARIZED FOR THE LATTER HALF OF 1968
AND ALL OF 1969 AT THE LAKESIDE LABORATORY OF LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES. THE LAKESIDE LABORATORY IS LOCATED ON THE SOUTHEASTERN SHORE
OF LAKE ERIE. THE LABORATORY IS ON A BLUFF 9 METERS ABOVE LAKE LEVEL
AND ABOUT 100 MET.ERS FROM THE SHORELINE BEHIND A LINE OF TREES
AVERAGING ABOUT 15 METERS HIGH. THE RECORDING INSTRUMENTS INCLUDE A
THERMOGRAPH, A HYGROMETER, AN ANEMOMETER, A PYRHELIOGRAPH, A RAIN AND
SNOW GAGE, AND MICROBAROGRAPH. THE PERIOD WAS SELECTED FOR THE
AVAILABILITY OF CONTINUOUS RECORDS ON THE WIDEST VARIETY OF INSTRUMENTS
AND THE COMPLETENESS OF THESE RECORDS. GAPS IN THE RECORDS REFLECTING
PERIODS OF INSTRUMENT FAILURE, ARE FEW. ON THE WHOLE, THE REPORTING
PERIOD MAY BE DESCRIBED AS RELATIVELY TYPICAL FOR THE REGION. TOTAL
PRECIPITATION FOR BOTH YEARS WAS QUITE CLOSE TO NORMAL. WINTER
TEMPERATURES WERE ATYPICALLY MILD. WIND AND PRESSURE REGIMES ARE
PROBABLY TYPICAL. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02B, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-07345
92
-------
01
TYPICAL FISH MORTALITY RATES IN EASTERN LAKE ERIE,
STATE UNIV. COLL.t FREDONIA, N.Y.
LINDA A. TOMKIEWICZ.
LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TECHNICAL DATA REPORT, NUMBER 4, APRIL 1970,
15 P, 5 FIG, 9 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *FISHKILL, MORTALITY, SMELTS, BASS, BULLHEADS, GREAT LAKES,
ON-SITE DATA COLLECTIONS, *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, FISH DIETS, CARP, COMMERCIAL FISHING, SPORT FISHING, FISH
POPULATIONS, YELLOW PERCH.
IDENTIFIERS:
*SEASONAL MORTALITY VARIATIONS, ALEWIFE.
ABSTRACT:
THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO ESTABLISH A BASE LINE OF NATURAL FISH
MORTALITIES IN EASTERN LAKE ERIE THROUGHOUT A YEARLY CYCLE. SEASONAL
VARIATIONS IN MORTALITY RATE INDICES ARE SHOWN GRAPHICALLY FOR THE
EIGHT MOST COMMON SPECIES (SMELT, BLACK BULLHEADS, WHITE SUCKERS,
SHEEPSHEAD, YELLOW PERCH, WHITE BASS, SMALLMOUTH BASS, AND ROCK BASS).
NO DIRECT CAUSE FOR THE MORTALITY COULD BE GIVEN ALTHOUGH THE AUTHOR
STATED POSSIBLE CAUSES AS PREDATION, DISEASES AND PARASITISM,
POLLUTION, AND PHYSICAL DAMAGE CAUSED BY MAN. MOST CAUSES OF HIGH FISH
MORTALITY RATES WERE RELATED TO COMMERCIAL AND SPORTS FISHING ACTIVITY.
THE NEEQ FOR FURTHER RESEARCH IS STATED. (SJOLSETH-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C -
*
ACCESSION NO. H70-08385
93
-------
NEARSHORE UNDER ICE WATER MOVEMENT AT NANTICOKE, LAKE ERIE - 1970,
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO. GREAT LAKES WATER QUALITY
SURVEYS PROGRAM.
M. D. PALMER, AND J. B. IZATT.
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION REPORT, GREAT LAKES WATER QUALITY SURVEYS
PROGRAM, MAY 1970. 22 P, 5 FIG, 6 TAB, 2 REF, 3 APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *ICED LAKES, LAKE ICE, MEASUREMENT,
CURRENT METERS, DISPERSION, PATH OF POLLUTANTS, WATER QUALITY CONTROL.
IDENTIFIERS:
NANTICOKE(ONTARIO).
ABSTRACT:
CURRENTS WERE MEASURED AT NANTICOKE, LAKE ERIE, WITH A RECORDING
CURRENT METER FROM DECEMBER 1969 TO MARCH 1970, WHEN AN ICE COVER
EXISTED IN THE AREA. THE CURRENTS WERE MEASURED AT A FIXED POINT 700 M
FROM THE SHORE AT A POINT 3 M FROM THE BOTTOM IN 11 M OF WATER. THE
WATER MOVEMENTS WERE GENERALLY IN THE SAME DIRECTION AS THOSE WITHOUT
AN ICE COVER; HOWEVER, LONGER PERIODS OF LITTLE OR NO WATER MOVEMENT
EXISTED. PERIODS OF VELOCITY JETTING OCCURRED AFTER THE ICE COVER
FORMED. THE MEAN MONTHLY AND HOURLY DISPERSION CHARACTERISTICS WITH AN
ICE COVER WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN WITHOUT AN ICE COVER,
PARTICULARLY IN FEBRUARY, INDICATING THE NEED TO AVOID WASTE DISCHARGES
IN THE ADJACENT NEARSHORE AREAS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, -02C
ACCESSION NO. W70-08479
94
-------
°ACE 01
NEAR-SHORE HATER CHEMISTRY OF EASTERN LAKE ERIEt
STATE UNIV. COLL.* FREDONIA, N.Y.
GEORGE W. SCHMIDT.
LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES* TECHNICAL DATA REPORT NO 2. 34 P, 13 FIG, 2
TAB, 8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAK,E ERIE, *WATER CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, TEMPERATURE,
SEASONAL, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, HYDROGEN ION
CONCENTRATION* CARBON DIOXIDE, RUNOFF, HARDNESS(WATER), ALKALINITY,
DETERGENTS, LIGNINS, MINDS, TRIBUTARIES, HAVESCWATER),
OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL, IRON, AMMONIA, SILICA, SUSPENDED LOAD,
PHOSPHATES, COLIFORMS, BICARBONATES, CHLORIDES, SULFATES, NITRATES,
COPPER, TRACE ELEMENTS, PRECIPITATIONCATMOSPHERIC), MAGNESIUM,
TURBIDITY.
IDENTIFIERS: -
'NEAR-SHORE, *EASTERN LAKE ERIE, TANNINS, CHROMATES, CONDUCTANCE.
ABSTRACT:
A BASE LINE OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR NEAR-SHORE MATERS
OF THE EASTERN BASIN* OF LAKE ERIE HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED FOR AN 18 MONTH
PERIOD FROM M~IO-JULY 1968 THROUGH MID-DECEMBER 1969. VARIATIONS DUE TO
HATER TEMPERATURE CHANGES MERE DETECTABLE IN DISSOLVED OXYGEN
CONCENTRATION, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, AND HYDROGEN ION
CONCENTRATION. DISSOLVED CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION MAS NOT SHOMN TO
BE MATER TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT BY THE METHOD EMPLOYED. HYDROGEN ION
CONCENTRATION DATA DO INDICATE THAT SOLUBILITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE MAS
PROBABLY DEPENDENT ON MATER TEMPERATURE. EFFLUENTS OF INDIVIDUAL
STREAMS WERE DETECTABLE IN THE MATER CHEMISTRY OF THE LAKE, MHICH
VARIED WIDELY IN CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS ON BOTH SEASONAL AND RANDOM
BAS1IS. MIXING OF NEAR-SHORE MATERS MAS GENERALLY DEPENDENT UPON MIND
VELOCITY AND HAVE CONDITIONS. CALM PERIODS, IN MHICH LITTLE MIXING
OCCURRED, APPEARED TO HAVE CAUSED A STANDING MATER MASS ALONG THE
NEAR-SHORE AREA. THIS MIGHT HAVE INFLUENCED DECOMPOSING ORGANIC MATTER
TO DECREASE THE OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL LOCALLY. CONTINUOUS
RECORDING DEVICES TO MONITOR MATER TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN
CONCENTRATION, HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE,
OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL, MATER LEVEL, AND LOCAL STREAM DISCHARGE
MOULD BE OF TREMENDOUS VALUE IN INTERPRETING SHORT TERM CHANGES IN ALL
PARAMETERS. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W70-08658
95
-------
THERMAL LOADING IN DUNKIRK HARBOR,
STATE UNIV. COLL., FREDONIA, N.Y.
RUTH E. BRAUN, AND JOHN A. JONES.
LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 5, APRIL 1970. 12 P, 6
FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*THERMAL POLLUTION, *WATER TEMPERATURE, *HE-AT, WATER CIRCULATION,
POWERPLANTS, WARM-WATER FISHING, SEASONAL, SURFACES, VOLUME, HARBORS,
LAKE ERIE, WINDS, EDDIES, ISOTHERMS, CONDUCTIVITY, RESERVOIR
EVAPORATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES, THERMISTOR, RELATIVE HUMIDITY.
ABSTRACT:
THERMAL LOADING DUE T-0 WARMED EFFLUENTS FROM A POWER PLANT LOCATED ON
DUNKIRK HARBOR HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED OVER A 14-MONTH PERIOD.
TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OF MORE THAN 3C WERE FOUND TO EXIST IN THE HARBOR
YEAR-ROUND. GREATEST ANOMALIES OCCURRED IN MARCH, SMALLEST ANOMALIES IN
APRIL. THE HARBOR B/VSIN WAS NOTED TO BE CAPABLE OF DISSIPATING THE HEAT
ADDED BY THE POWER PLANT. LITTLE EFFECT COULD BE FOUND OUTSIDE THE
CONFINES OF THE HARBOR. NO SERIOUS DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS DUE TO THERMAL
LOADING HAVE BEEN DEMONSTRATED. AS FAR AS THE RESIDENTS OF DUNKIRK ARE
CONCERNED, THE HEAT WHICH THE POWER PLANT RELEASES IS MORE BENEFICIAL
THAN HARMFUL. FISHING IS GOOD YEAR-ROUND AND BOATS CAN REMAIN IN THE
WATER OVER THE WINTER. SINCE THE HARBOR BASIN IS CAPABLE OF DISSIPATING
THE ADDED HEAT UNDER PRESENT CONDITIONS, THE RATIO OF HEAT ADDED TO THE
SURFACE-AREA OR VOLUME OF THE HARBOR IS CONSIDERED FAVORABLE. ANY
PROJECT WHICH MIGHT CHANGE THE SIZE OF CIRCULATION PATTERN IN THE BASIN
SHOULD BE CAREFULLY CONSIDERED IN LIGHT OF THE EFFECTS IT MIGHT HAVE ON
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL DISSIPATION OF THE HARBOR.
(OSBORNE-VANDERBILT )
FIELD 05B, 02D
ACCESSION NO. W70-08838
96
-------
WAVE ACTION AND BREAKWATER LOCATIONt VERMILION HARBOR, OHIO; HYDRAULIC MODEL
INVESTIGATION,
AA;-iV ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISS.
Co W. BRASFEILD.
SPONSORED BY U.S. ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, BUFFALO. U.S. ARMY ENGINEER
WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI, TECHNICAL REPORT
H-70-5* MAY 1970. 18 P, 6 TAB, 4 PHOTO, 6 PL, 7 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
^BREAKWATERS, ^HYDRAULIC MODELS, *WAVESIWATER), SHORE PROTECTION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*VIERMILION HARBOR, OHIO; LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
MODEL INVESTIGATION WAS MADE TO TEST AND DEVELOP PLANS FOR IMPROVEMENT
PROPOSED FOR REDUCING. WAVE HEIGHTS AT THE HARBOR ENTRANCE AND IN THE
OUTER-REACHES OF VERMILION RIVER CHANNEL. THE l:75-SCALE MODEL, MOLDED
IN CEMENT MORTAR,. REPRODUCED APPROXIMATELY ONE-HALF MILE OF THE LAKE
ERIE SHORELINE ON EACH SIDE OF HARBOR ENTRANCE, ABOUT 3600 FT OF THE
RIVER CHANNEL, SEVERAL BOAT-MOORING LAGOONS OFF THE MAIN CHANNEL, AND
SUFFICIENT UNDERWATER CONTOURED AREA TO PERMIT ACCURATE SIMULATION OF
STORM-WAVE ACTION. A 52-FT-LONG WAVE MACHINE AND ELECTRICAL WAVE HEIGHT
MEASURING AND RECORDING APPARATUS WERE USED. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT AN
OFFSHORE BREAKWATER, APPROXIMATELY 700 FT LONG, INSTALLED PERPENDICULAR
TO ENTRANCE CHANNEL CENTER LINE AND 200 FT FROM OUTER END OF THE
EXISTING EAST CHANNEL PIER WOULD PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION FROM WAVE
ACTION. I-SPIVEY-WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION)
FIELD 08B
ACCESSION NO. W70-09178
97
-------
DISPERSION PREDICTION FROM CURRENT METERS,
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO. WATER QUALITY SURVEYS BRANCH.
MERVYN D. PALMER, AND J. BRYAN IZATT.
ASCE PROCEEDINGS, JOURNAL OF THE HYDRAULICS DIVISION, VOL 96, NO HY8, PAPER
7464, P 1667-1680, AUGUST 1970. 14 P, 8 FIG, 6 TAB, 9 REF, APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*DISPERSION, *DIFFUSION, *CURRENT METERS, *LAKE ERIE, FORECASTING,
HYDRAULICS, TURBULENCE, TURBULENT FLOW, CORRELATION ANALYSIS,
PROBABILITY, PATH OF POLLUTANTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
TURBULENCE METERS.
ABSTRACT:
TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISPERSION PLUMES FOR THE NEAR SHORE AREA OF NANTICOKE
ON LAKE ERIE ARE PREDICTED BY APPLYING TURBULENT DIFFUSION CONCEPTS TO
RECORDING CURRENT METER DATA. EULERIAN INTEGRAL TIME SCALES ARE FOUND
FROM AUTOCORRELATION COEFFICIENTS, BASED ON MONTHLY DATA. LAGRANGIAN
INTEGRAL SPACE SCALES AND ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS MAY BE
PREDICTED. AVERAGE MONTHLY 'PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS ARE BASED ON
NORTH-SOUTH AND EAST-WEST DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS. THE PREDICTION
EQUATION IS AN AVERAGE OF LONG AND SHORT TIME DIFFUSION EQUATIONS.
BETTER DILUTION IS FOUND NEAR THE SHORE AND PARALLEL TO IT. IT IS
ASSUMED THAT VERTICAL DIFFUSION IS NEGLIGIBLE, THAT THE REYNOLD'S
NUMBER IS LARGE, AND THAT THE EFFECTIVE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS ARE
CONSTANT OVER LONG PERIODS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02E> 07B
ACCESSION NO. W70-09219
98
-------
• :•r n i
•A TEST OF: FEDERAL WATER PROJECT EVALUATION PROCEDURES WITH EMPHASIS ON REGIONAL
INCOME AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: DETROIT RIVER* TRENTON NAVIGATION CHANNEL*
MICHIGAN STATE UNIV., EAST LANSING. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS.
A. ALLAN SCHMID, AND WILLIAM WARD.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS REPORT NO. 158i APRIL 1970. 73 P, 10 TABt 3 PLATES, 1
APPEND. WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL AGREEMENT WRC69-6.
DESCRIPTORS:
•»NAVJGATION, INDUSTRIAL WATIRt LIONTIEF MODILSt COST-IBNEFIT ANALVSIS,
INCOME ANALYSIS, CONSTRUCTION COSTSt COST SHARING DECISION MAKING*
FEDERAL PROJECT POLICY* FEDERAL BUDGETS* ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL TASK FORCE REPORT* MCLOUTH STEEL COMPANY*
DET.ROIT REGION* LAKE ERIE* MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION* US ARMY
CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
ABSTRACT:
THIS REPORT IS AN EFFORT TO APPLY THE PRINCIPLES SET FORTH BY A SPECIAL
TASK FORCE OF THE U.S. WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL IN THEIR JUNE 1969
REPORT* PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATION OF WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCE
PROJECTS. THE TASK FORCE ENCOURAGED POTENTIAL EFFECTS TO LOCAL INCOMES
AND TO THE ENVIRONMENT FROM PROPOSED WATER PROJECTS. IN THIS STUDY THE
PROPOSED EXTENSION BY THE ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS OF THE TRENTON
CHANNEL WHICH LEADS INTO THE DETROIT RIVER IN MICHIGAN MAS EXAMINE-
THIS PROJECT WOULD ENLARGE THE COMMERCIAL NAVIGATIONAL USE OF THE
CHANNEL AND WOULD THEREBY ALLOW THE MCLOUTH STEEL COMPANY TO DEVELOP A
PRIMARY STEEL MILL AT GIBRALTAR, MICHIGAN. THE AUTHORS SOUGHT TO
DETERMINE HOW THE ACTUAL COSTS AND BENEFITS OF THIS PROJECT COULD BE
BEST PREDICTED. ALTHOUGH THEIR RESULTS WERE NOT CONCLUSIVE* THEY
STRESSED THE NEED TO STUDY ALTERNATIVE LOCATIONS AND TO VIEW THE
PROPOSED PROJECT IN RELATION TO THE NEEDS OF OTHER REGIONS IN THE
UNITED STATES FOR NAVIGATIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT.
(HOLMES-RUrGERS)
FIELD 03E* 06B
ACCESSION NO. W70-09497
99
-------
MAN'S INFLUENCE ON LAKE ERIE,
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV.t CARBONDALE. DEPT. OF BOTANY.
JACOB VERDUIN.
THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, VOL 69, NO 2, P 65-69, 1969. 1 FIG, 2 TAB, 12
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *OHIO, SWAMPS, FARMS, SILTS, LIGHT PENETRATION, BIOTA,
NUTRIENTS, PHOSPHORUS, OXYGEN, SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, CISCO, WALLEYE,
SEICHES, MAYFLIES, HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
NITROGEN, DETERGENTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC FAUNA, CARBON DIOXIDE,
BLOODWORMS, YELLOW PERCH, MIDGES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MAN'S INFLUENCE, MAUMEE RIVER, TOLEDO(OHIO), LEUCICHTHYS ARTEDI, ESOX
MOSQUINONGY, STIZOSTEDION VITREUM, HEXAGENIA LIMBATA, ASTERIONELLA
FORMOSA, TABELLARIA FENESTRATA, MELOSIRA AMBIGUA, MELOSIRA BINDERANA,
FRAGItARIA CAPUCINA, COSCINODISCUS RADIATUS, CHIRONOMUS PLUMOSUS, PERCA
FLAVESCENS, CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA, GREAT BLACK SWAMP(OHIO).
ABSTRACT:
CONVERSION OF NORTHWESTERN OHIO'S GREAT BLACK SWAMP TO FARM LAND DURING
THE LAST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY HAD A PROFOUND, BUT SCANTILY
DOCUMENTED INFLUENCE ON LAKE ERIE. SILTS, ONCE LARGELY FILTERED BY
SWAMPLAND VEGETATION, WERE, WITH THE DESTRUCTION OF THAT VEGETATION,
CARRIED INTO LAKE ERIE, REDUCING LIGHT PENETRATION AND SIGNIFICANTLY
ALTERING THE LAKE'S BIOTA. MORE RECENTLY ENHANCEMENT OF PLANT
NUTRIENTS, ESPECIALLY PHOSPHORUS, WHICH HAS INCREASED 5-FOLD SINCE
1948, HAS SUPPORTED NUISANCE LEVELS OF PLANT GROWTH CREATING SEVERE
OXYGEN DEPLETION NEAR THE LAKE BOTTOM AND RESPONSIBLE FOR ADDITIONAL
MAJOR AND UNDESIRABLE CHANGES IN SPECIES COMPOSITION OF PLANT AND
ANIMAL COMMUNITIES. THE SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM IS REMOVAL OF PLANT
NUTRIENTS FROM THE WATERS BEFORE THEY ENTER LAKE ERIE. THE 'LIVING
FILTER' TREATMENT, IN WHICH SEWAGE PLANT EFFLUENTS ARE FILTERED THROUGH
ROOT ZONES OF PLANT COMMUNITIES, SEEMS MOST PROMISING. THIS TREATMENT
EFFECTIVELY REMOVES NUTRIENTS, CONVERTING THEM TO PLANT PRODUCTS.
ANOTHER MODEL, WHERE EFFLUENT FROM SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS IS PASSED
THROUGH A SERIES OF ARTIFICIAL LAKES, PROCESSES THE EFFLUENTS
EFFECTIVELY SO THAT FINAL-STAGE LAKES ARE EXCELLENT RECREATIONAL
FACILITIES, AND THE RELEASED WATERS DO NOT BURDEN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS.
(JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-09900
100
-------
THE NATURE OF AQUATIC POLLUTION*
STATE UNIV. COLL.f FREDONIA, N.Yo LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES.
JOHN A. JONESo
STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, FREDONIA, NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES, PUBLIC INFORMATION REPORT NO 2, 1970. 36 P, 23 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *WATER POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
POLLUTANTS, COLIFORMS, TOXICITY, NUTRIENTS, SUSPENDED LOAD, NUCLEAR
WASTES, EUTROPHICATION, SEWAGE, AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
PESTICIDES, THERMAL POLLUTION, TERTIARY TREATMENT, DETERGENTS, LAKE
ERIEff BACTERIA, VIRUSES, PROTOZOA, FUNGI, WORMS, RADIOISOTOPES,
SALMONELLA, SHIGELLA, CLOSTRIDIUM, RED TIDE, MOLLUSKS, TREMATODES,
CHEMICALS, COPEPODS, NEMATODES, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, DDT, HEAVY
MET.ALS, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POWERPLANTS, CYANOPHYTA, WASTES,
DREDGING.
IDENTIFIERS!
FLOATING DEBRIS, .SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS, PARASITIC DISEASES,
CLASSIFICATION OF POLLUTANTS, BIOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION, PETROLEUM
INDUSTRIES, PARASITIC WORMS', BIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL
POLLUTANTS, PHYSICAL POLLUTANTS, FLOW BARRIERS, SHIPPING WASTES,
BOATING WASTES, SUBLETHAL EFFECTSo
ABSTRACT!
WATER POLLUTANTS HAVE BEEN CATEGORIZED AS BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, AND
PHYSICAL. THE POTENTIAL PRESENCE OF MOST DISEASE ORGANISMS MAY BE
DETECTED'BY TESTS WHICH DETERMINE THE NUMBERS OF COLIFORM BACTERIA.
CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS INCLUDE SUBSTANCES EXERTING AN OXYGEN DEMAND,
LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL TOXIC SUBSTANCES, UNPLEASANT NON-TOXIC MATERIALS,
AND FERTILIZING NUTRIENTS. PRESENCE AND QUANTITY OF THESE POLLUTANTS
ARE DETERMINED BY CHEMICAL ANALYSES, AND THEIR EFFECTS ABE GENERALLY
READILY EVIDENT IN THE ENVIRONMENT. PHYSICAL POLLUTANTS INCLUDE
SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS, FLOATING DEBRIS, NUCLEAR WASTE MATERIALS, AND HEAT
ENERGY; THESE AFFECT BASIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF ORGANISMS INHABITING
NATURAL WATERS OR DESTROY THE VALUES OF AQUATIC RESOURCES. POLLUTANTS
EXERT SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS; THUS, THE PRESENCE OF
ONE POLLUTANT INCREASES THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORGANISMS TO THE OTHER
POLLUTANTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL POLLUTANTS
APPEAR TO BE THE MOST PROBLEMATICAL TO THE GENERAL ENVIRONMENT; THESE
INCLUDE ESPECIALLY OXYGEN DEMAND, EUTROPHICATION, TOXIC SUBSTANCES, AND
WASTE HEAT. THE MOST HAZARDOUS POLLUTION DIRECTLY AFFECTING THE HEALTH
OF MAN ARE BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL, INCLUDING PARASITIC DISEASES AND
BIOLOGICALLY ACCUMULATED TOXIC SUBSTANCES. RECOVERY AND REUSE OF
•WASTES' APPEARS TO BE THE ONLY FEASIBLE SOLUTION TO WASTE DISPOSAL IN
THE LONG-TERM VIEW. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05A
ACCESSION NO. W70-09906
10
-------
CONCENTRATIONS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN GREAT LAKES FISHESt
ARGONNE NATIONAL LAB., ILL.; AND BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, ANN ARBOR,
•MICH.
HENRY F. LUCAS, JR., DAVID N. EDGINGTON, AND PETER J. COLBY.
JOURNAL FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, VOL. 27: 677-684, 1970. 2 TAB, 12
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*TRACE ELEMENTS, HEAVY METALS, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE
SUPERIOR, LAKE ERIE, TOXICITY, FISH TOXINS, PERCHES, ALEWIFE, COBALT,
CHROMIUM, COPPER, GOLD, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, NEUTRON ACTIVITIES
ANALYSIS, SHINERS.
IDENTIFIERS:
URANIUM, THORIUM, CADMIUM, ARSENIC, ANTIMONY, LANTHANUM, RHENIUM,
RUBIDIUM, SELENIUM, *TISSUE ANALYSES, BROMINE, FISH LIVERS.
ABSTRACT:
THE CONCENTRATION OF 15 TRACE ELEMENTS WAS DETERMINED BY ACTIVATION
ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES OF WHOLE FISH AND FISH LIVERS FROM THREE OF THE
GREAT LAKES; MICHIGAN, SUPERIOR, AND ERIE. THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS
OF 7 ELEMENTS. IN 19 WHOLE FISH FROM 3 SPECIES WERE AS FOLLOWS: URANIUM,
3 PPB (PARTS PER BILLION); THORIUM, 6 PPB; COBALT, 28 PPB; CADMIUM, 94
PPB; ARSENIC, 16 PPB; CHROMIUM, 1 PPM; AND COPPER, 1.3 PPM. THE AVERAGE
CONCENTRATIONS OF 8 ELEMENTS IN 40 LIVER SAMPLES FROM 10 SPECIES OF
FISH WERE AS FOLLOWS: URANIUM, APPROXIMATELY 2 PPB; THORIUM, LESS THAN
OR EQUAL TO 2 PPB; COBALT, 40 PPB; COPPER, 9 PPM; ZINC, 30 PPM,
BROMINE,"0.4 PPM; ARSENIC, 30 PPB; AND CADMIUM, 0.4 PPM. OTHER ELEMENTS
OBSERVED IN MOST OF THE SAMPLES WERE: ANTIMONY, 5-100 PPB; GOLD, 2-5
PPB; LANTHANUM, 1-20 PPB; RHENIUM, 0.5-5 PPB; RUBIDIUM, 0.06-4 PPM; AND
SELENIUM, 0.1-2 PPB. TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS VARIED WITH SPECIES
AND LAKE. URANIUM AND THORIUM VARIED WITH SPECIES, BUT NOT FOR THE SAME
SPECIES FROM DIFFERENT LAKES. THE LEVELS OF COPPER, COBALT, ZINC, AND
BROMINE VARIED LITTLE BETWEEN SPECIES AND LAKES. THE CONCENTRATION OF
CADMIUM, ARSENIC, AND CHROMIUM VARIED BETWEEN SPECIES AND WITH SPECIES
BETWEEN LAKES. (SJOLSETH-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-09972
102
-------
WATER QUALITY BEGINS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL,.
AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, WASHINGTON, D.C.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, P 281-282, VOL 4, NO 4, APRIL 1970. 2
FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*TREATMENT FACILITIES, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, HYDROLOGIC BUDGET, SEWAGE
TREATMENT, LAKE ERIE, WASTE WATER TREATMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CLEVELAND, CUYAHOGA RIVER,
ABSTRACT:
SINCE THE ADOPTION OF A $100 MILLION WATER BOND ISSUE IN NOVEMBER 1968,
CLEVELAND, OHIO HAS BEEN MODERNIZING EXISTING SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
AND MAKING PLANS FOR THE EXPANSION AND RENOVATION OF ITS ENTIRE WASTE
WATER TREATMENT PROGRAM. CLEVELAND'S CLEAN WATER TASK FORCE, SET UP IN
JANUARY 1969, HAS DIRECTED ITS ATTENTION TOWARD THREE CRUCIAL AREAS:
UPDATING THE CITY'S THREE TREATMENT PLANTS AND DESIGNING A NEW
TREATMENT UNIT FOR ONE OF THE PLANTS WHICH WILL SUBSTITUTE
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TREATMENT FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT, DESIGNING A NEW
SEWAGE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION NETWORK, AND ENCOURAGING JOINT
INDUSTRIAL-MUNICIPAL TREATMENT SCHEMES. (HOLMES-RUTGERS)
FIELD 05D
ACCESSION NO. W70-10177
103
-------
EUTROPHICATION SPEEDED BY MAN*
RICHARD H. GILLULY.
SCIENCE NEWS, VOL 98, NO 1, P 17-19, JULY 4, 1970. 4 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *PHOSPHORUS, *NITROGEN, SEWAGE DISPOSAL, ^DETERGENTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
SLAKE WASHINGTON, LAKE TAHOE, LAKE ERIE, LAKE MONONA, LAKE SEBASTICOOK,
SECCHI DISK.
ABSTRACT:
DISPOSAL OF INTOLERABLE AMOUNTS OF PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN ARE SPEEDING
UP THE EUTROPHICATION PROCESS OF LAKES IN NORTH AMERICA AND THROUGHOUT
THE WORLD. THESE NUTRIENTS STIMULATE PLANT GROWTH AND TURN THE LAKE
INTD A MARSHY FOUL-SMELLING, FISH KILLING, OXYGEN LACKING BODY OF
WATER. A GREAT DEAL OF THIS ACCELERATED EUTROPHICATION IS THE DIRECT
RESULT OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL INTO THE LAKES. DETERGENT PHOSPHATES AND
NITRATES ARE ALSO POTENT ACCELERATING FORCES. ALTHOUGH THE CAUSES HAVE
BEEN IDENTIFIED, THE CURE IS OFTEN VERY DIFFICULT TO ADMINISTER BECAUSE
OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC OBSTACLES. THE 'MOST OBVIOUS' SOLUTION IS TO
DIVERT SEWAGE TO ANOTHER OUTLET OR TO SUBJECT IT TO TERTIARY TREATMENT.
(HOLMES-RUTGERS)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-10181
104
-------
MERCURY IN GREAT LAKES FISH,
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES* ANN ARBOR, MICH.
HARRY L. SEAGRAN.
LINNOS, VOL 3, NO 2, P 3-10, 1970. 2 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
HEAVY METALS, *GREAT LAKES, *PUBLIC HEALTH, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, FISH HARVEST, INSPECTION, LEGAL ASPECTS,
*MONITORING, ON-SITE INVESTIGATIONS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, PULP AND PAPER
INDUSTRY, PULP WASTES, ECONOMIC IMPACT, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE.
IDENTIFIERS:
''RECOMMENDATIONS, *MERCURY, FISHING CLOSURES, CHLOR-ALKALI PLANTS,
MINAMATA DISEASE, ST. CLAIR RIVER.
ABSTRACT!
THIS ARTICLE SUMMARIZES STATEMENTS BY PUBLIC AGENCIES AND THE PRIVATE
SECTOR DEALING WITH MERCURY CONTAMINATION INTRODUCED BEFORE THE
SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY, NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE
SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CURRENT SITUATION,
SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION, BACKGROUND ON MERCURY CONTAMINATION, ECONOMIC
ASSESSMENT OF.. LOSSES DUE TO MERCURY CONTAMINATION, A DESCRIPTION OF
CURRENT BCF RESEARCH* AND A LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS ARE DISCUSSED. THE
RECOMMENDATIONS STRESS THE NEED TO IDENTIFY ALL SOURCES OF MERCURY
POLLUTION AND DETERMINE THE FATE AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF MERCURY IN THE
ENVIRONMENT. (SEE ALSO W70-10322) (KATZ-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C '
ACCESSION NO. W70-10321
106
-------
THE MERCURY THREAT: QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER,
MICHIGAN UNIV.t ANN ARBOR. GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIV.
RICHARD COPELAND.
LIMNOSt VOL 3, NO 2, P ll-13t 1970. 2 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
HEAVY METALSt *GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE(GEOCHEMISTRY)f TRACE ELEMENTS,
WATER POLLUTION SOURCESt WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, FUNGICIDES,
REGULATIONS, LETHAL LIMIT, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY,
*PULP WASTES, *FOOD CHAINS, *PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *PUBLIC HEALTH
PERSISTENCE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY POLLUTION, LAKE ST. CLAIR, CHLOR-ALKALI PLANTS, MINAMATA
DISEASE, CONCENTRATION MECHANISMS.
ABSTRACT:
THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE BASICS OF THE MERCURY POLLUTION PROBLEM.
MERCURY IS USED IN INDUSTRY IN TWO FORMS, METALLIC MERCURY AS AN
ELECTRODE IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHLORINE AND ALKALIS, AND ORGANIC
MERCURY COMPOUNDS. THE LATTER ARE AS SLIMICIDES USED IN THE PULPING
INDUSTRY. MERCURY IS INCORPORATED AND ACCUMULATED IN FISH IN TWO WAYS.
VIA THE GILLS AS AN EQUILIBRIUM IS SET UP BETWEEN MERCURY IN FISH AND
WATER. THE SECOND METHOD IS INGESTION OF MERCURY CONTAMINATED FOOD. THE
AUTHOR GIVES A CALCULATED GUESS AS TO HOW LONG A MERCURY POLLUTED
ENVIRONMENT WILL STAY POLLUTED AFTER STOPPING MERCURY INPUT. IN THE
CASE OF THE LAKE ERIE - ST. CLAIR SYSTEM AN ESTIMATE OF 10-100 YEARS IS
GIVEN. (SEE ALSO W70-10321 ) (KATZ-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W70-10322
106
-------
POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE,.LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE ST.
LAWRENCE RIVER.
INTERNATIONAL LAKE ERIE WATER POLLUTION BOARD AND INTERNATIONAL LAKE
ONTARIO-ST. LAWRENCE RIVER WATER POLLUTION BOARD REPORT TO INTERNATIONAL
JOINT COMMISSION* 3 VOL, 1969. 796 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE. *LAKE ONTARIO, *ST. LAWRENCE RIVER, *WATER POLLUTION,
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL* SURVEYS, SAMPLING, LEGISLATION, GOVERNMENTS,
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSIONS, GREAT LAKES, EUTROPHICATION, INTERNATIONAL
WATERS.
IDENTIFIERS:
INTERNATIONAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BOARDS.
ABSTRACT:
INVESTIGATIONS WERE MADE TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF
POLLUTION IN THE WATERS OF LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO AND THE
INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. DATA ON WHICH THE
REPORT IS BASED COVER THE PERIOD FROM 1963 THROUGH 1967, BUT FURTHER
SOURCE INFORMATION HAS BEEN ADDED IN ORDER TO INCLUDE SIGNIFICANT
OBSERVATIONS. LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF
THIE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER ARE BEING POLLUTED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE BOUNDARY
TO AN EXTENT THAT IS CAUSING AND IS LIKELY TO CAUSE INJURY TO HEALTH
AND PROPERTY~ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE BOUNDARY. THERE IS SUBSTANTIAL
MIXING OF WATERS IN THE LAKES TO THE EXTENT THAT CONCENTRATION LEVELS
OF POLLUTING MATERIALS ARE REMARKABLY UNIFORM THROUGHOUT EXTENSIVE
AREAS OF EACH LAKE. THUS, THERE APPEARS TO BE NO DOUBT THAT ALL MAJOR
SOURCES OF POLLUTION TO THE LAKES HAVE CONTRIBUTED DIRECTLY, OR
INDIRECTLY, TO THEIR GENERALLY DEGRADED CONDITION. THE MAJOR SOURCES OF
POLLUTION TO THE REFERENCED WATERS ARE MUNICIPALITIES AND INDUSTRIES.
MUNICIPAL WASTES COMPRISE THE PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF PHOSPHORUS TO THE
LOWER LAKES. MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES ALSO CONTRIBUTE DISSOLVED
AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS, OXYGEN-CONSUMING MATERIALS, TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND
PATHOGENS. REMEDIAL PROGRAMS ARE SUGGESTED TO BE CARRIED OUT PROMPTLY
AND ON A CONTINUING BASIS, TO REVERSE THE DETERIORATING CONDITIONS OF
THE: LAKES. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05B, 05A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71^00397
107
-------
FEASIBILITY OF A STABILIZATION-RETENTION BASIN IN LAKE ERIE AT CLEVELAND, OHIO.
HAVENS AND EMERSON, CLEVELAND, OHIO.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS PB-195 083, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
REPORT, MAY, 1968. 145 P, 22 TAB, 34 FIG, 38 REF, 3 APPEND. FWQA PROJECT
11020 05/68, CONTRACT NO 14-12-27.
DESCRIPTORS:
LAKE ERIE, WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *OXIDATION LAGOONS, OHIO, RETENTION,
WATER STORAGE, *SETTLING BASINS, COSTS, EVALUATION, POLLUTION
ABATEMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
CLEVELAND(OHIO), *STABILIZATION-RETENTION BASINS, "COLLECTION SYSTEMS.
ABSTRACT:
A FEASIBILITY STUDY WAS CONDUCTED OF A LARGE STABILIZATION-RETENTION
BASIN TO CONSTRUCTED IN LAKE ERIE AT CLEVELAND, OHIO. THE STABILIZATION
IS VIEWED AS A POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE TO SEPARATION OF A COMBINED SEWER
SYSTEM. THE PROPOSED BASIN WOULD TREAT FLOWS FROM A NUMBER OF LARGE
COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS, FROM SEVERAL POLLUTED STREAMS, AND EFFLUENT
FROM A LARGE SECONDARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT. TREATMENT WOULD
CONSIST OF BIO-OXIDATION, SEDIMENTATION, STABILIZATION AND
DISINFECTION. A SHORELINE COLLECTION SYSTEM IS INCLUDED TO CONVEY FLOWS
TO THE BASIN. THE CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS
OF THE PROPOSED BASIN WERE STUDIED, AND THE PROBABLE BENEFITS TO WATER
QUALITY AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BASIN AS A TREATMENT DEVICE WERE
EVALUATED. ESTIMATES OF COST OF THE BASIN AND COLLECTION SYSTEM WERE
PREPARED, AND IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE STABILIZATION BASIN WOULD
PROVIDE A HIGHER DEGREE OF POLLUTION ABATEMENT THAN WOULD SEPARATION OF
SANITARY AND STORM SEWERS, AT ABOUT ONE-THIRD THE COST.
FIELD 050
ACCESSION NO. W71-00411
108
-------
STATE EX REL DUFFY V LAKEFRONT EAST FIFTY-FIFTH ST CORP (TITLE DISPUTE IN
LITTORAL RELICTION).
137 OHIO ST 8, 27 NE2D 485-487 (1940).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *ACCRETIONS(LEGAL ASPECTS), *BOUNDARY DISPUJES,
BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), LANDFILLSt LAND FORMING, LAKES, LAKE BEDS,
BULKHEADS, STATE GOVERNMENTS, LAKE SHORES, NAVIGATION, STATE
JURISDICTION, RESERVATION DOCTRINE, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, LEGAL ASPECTS,
LITTORAL, LEASES, REAL PROPERTY. -
IDENTIFIERS:
*TIT.LE DISPUTES.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF STATE BROUGHT ACTION TO EVICT DEFENDANT LITTORAL LEASEHOLDER
FRtifl A RELICTION ON LAKE ERIE. THE RELICTION WAS FORMED WHEN THE
CONTIGUOUS OWNERS ARTIFICIALLY FILLED THEIR LANDFRONTS, FORMING A
POCKET IN FRONT OF DEFENDANT'S LEASEHOLD WHICH FACILITATED NATURAL
ACCRETION. DEFENDANT CONTENDED OWNERSHIP OF THE RELICTION BY COMMON
LAW, WHILE PLAINTIFF ASSERTED THAT SINCE THE RELICTION WAS FORMED
ARTIFICIALLY, DEFENDANT HAD NO RIGHTS IN IT. THE COURT FIRST FOUND THAT
VARIOUS STATUTES DID NOT AFFECT THE COMMON LAW, AND STATED THAT IF THE
ACCRETION WAS FORMED NATURALLY, DEFENDANT HAD AN ESTATE THEREIN.
ARTIFICIAL FILLING BY CONTIGUOUS LITTORAL OWNERS WAS FOUND NOT TO ALTER
DEFENDANT'S RIPARIAN RIGHTS. FINDING THAT ANY ARTIFICIAL FILLING WHICH
MAY HAVE OCCURRED IN THE DISPUTED RELICTION WAS TRIVIAL, THE COURT HELD
THAT THE RELICTION WAS FORMED NATURALLY, AND THAT DEFENDANT HELD TITLE
THERETO. (HART-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E-
ACCESSION NO. W71-00509
109
-------
DYNAMIC MODEL STUDY OF LAKE ERIE, PART I. SIMILITUDE CRITERIA AND EXPERIMENTAL
SET-UP,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, BUFFALO. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES.
RALPH R. RUMER, JR.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS PB-195 544, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
CIVIL ENGINEERING REPORT NO. 18.1, AUGUST, 1970. 43 P, 9 FIG, 21 REF. FWQA
PROGRAM GRANT WP-00837.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *MODEL STUDIES, *HYDRAULIC MODELS, *SIMULATION ANALYSIS,
CURRENTS(WATER), *HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE, SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY, KATER
CIRCULATION, MOVEMENT, WATER QUALITY, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, DILUTION,
I
IDENTIFIERS:
ROTATING MODEL.
ABSTRACT:
BOTH ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS EMPLOYED TO PROVIDE
BASIC INFORMATION CONCERNING WATER MOVEMENT IN THE LAKE. THE KNOWLEDGE
AND EXPERIENCE ACQUIRED IN THE COURSE OF THIS STUDY SHOULD IMPROVE OUR
CAPABILITY TO CONSTRUCT AND OPERATE ROTATING HYDRAULIC MODELS. THIS
INFORMATION SHOULD ALSO ASSIST IN THE OVERALL WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT
OF THE LAKE. THE STUDIES REPORTED HERE DEAL WITH THE IDEALIZED
CONDITIONS OF ZERO WIND STRESS (INCLUDING THE INFLOW OF THE DETROIT
RIVER AND THE OUTFLOW OF THE NIAGARA RIVER) AND, UNDER THIS SAME FLOW
CONDITION, WITH THE SUPERPOSITION OF A UNIFORM WESTERLY WIND OVER THE
SURFACE OF THE LAKE. THE WATER MASS IS ISOTHERMAL AND VARIATIONS IN
DENSITY ARE ASSUMED ABSENT. UNDER THESE CONDITIONS, INVESTIGATIONS OF
THE CIRCULATION PATTERNS WERE CONDUCTED. ALSO STUDIED WAS THE
OSCILLATION OF THE ENTIRE WATER MASS IN THE MODEL LAKE. IN PARTICULAR,
ATTENTION WAS GIVEN TO THE TRANSIENT EFFECT THAT THIS MASS OSCILLATION
HAD ON THE OTHERWISE STEADY-STATE CIRCULATION PATTERN AND ITS EFFECT ON
THE MIXING AND DILUTION OF WASTE DISCHARGES INTO THE LAKE. THE MIXING
AND DILUTION OF TRACERS INTRODUCED AT VARIOUS POSITIONS IN THE MODEL
LAKE WERE ALSO STUDIED UNDER THESE SAME CONDITIONS OF ZERO WIND STRESS
AND CONSTANT THROUGHFLOW AND WITH THE SUPERPOSITION OF THE WESTERLY
WIND. A HIGHLY IDEALIZED MODEL OF LAKE ERIE WAS ALSO CONSTRUCTED AND
OPERATED. THIS MODEL WAS RECTANGULAR IN SHAPE, OF CONSTANT DEPTH, AND
HAD THE SAME LENGTH TO WIDTH RATIO AS LAKE ERIE. CIRCULATION PATTERNS,
THE DECAY OF SCICHES, AND MIXING OF TRACERS WERE ALSO STUDIED IN THIS
IDEALIZED MODEL. THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE IDEALIZED RECTANGULAR
BASIN HELPED TO DELINEATE THE MAJOR EFFECTS OF GEOMETRICAL VARIATIONS
THAT WERE PRESENT IN THE SCALED LAKE ERIE MODEL. THIS REPORT RECOUNTS
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LABORATORY AND THE MODEL LAKE AND SUMMARIZES THE
ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL WORK ACCOMPLISHED THUS FAR. (SEE ALSO
W71-00622).
FIELD 02H, 05G, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-00621
110
-------
DYNAMIC MODEL STUDY OF LAKE ERIE, PART II, ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, BUFFALO. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES,
RALPH R. RUMER, JR.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS PB-195 545, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
CIVIL ENGINEERING REPORT NO 18.2, AUGUST, 1970. 39 P, 2 TAB, 22 FIG, 33
REF. FWQA PROGRAM GRANT WP-00837.
DESCRIPTORS:
=*LAKE ERIE, *MODEL STUDIES, HYDRAULIC MODELS, *SIMULATION ANALYSIS,
CURRENTS(WATER), *HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE, SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY, WATER
CIRCULATION, MOVEMENT, WATER QUALITY, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
DILUTION.
IDENTIFIERS:
ROTATING MODEL.
ABSTRACT:
THIS SECOND REPORT CONSIDERS THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED AND THE
RELATIONSHIP OF THESE RESULTS TO VARIOUS MATHEMATICAL MODEL APPROACHES
TO THE HYDRAULIC STUDY OF LAKE ERIE. BASED ON THE EXPERIMENTAL AND
ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF THIS STUDY, THE FOLLOWING SUMMARIZING STATEMENTS
ARE MADE REGARDING THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF LAKE ERIE. IN THE ABSENCE OF
WIND, THE THROUGHFLOW CAUSED BY THE INFLOW OF THE DETROIT RIVER AND THE
OUTFLOW OF THE NIAGARA RIVER GENERATES SIGNIFICANT CURRENTS AND EASILY
OBSERVABLE PATTERNS OF CIRCULATION. THE PRESENCE OF WESTERLY WIND
SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERS THE CIRCULATION PATTERNS OF LAKE ERIE AS OBSERVED
IN THE ABSENCE OF WIND. A PROCEDURE FOR RELATING MODEL WIND SPEEDS TO
PROTOTYPE WIND SPEEDS BASED ON SIMILARITY BETWEEN WIND SET-UP IN MODEL
AND PROTOTYPE HAS BEEN PRESENTED. THE PERIOD FOR THE FIRST MODE MASS
OSCILLATION IN THE MODEL LAKE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH CALCULATED AND
OBSERVED PERIODS. OBSERVED DETENTION PERIODS SHOW SIGNIFICANT SHORT
CIRCUITING FOR THE HOMOGENEOUS LAKE WITH NO WIND STRESS..ONLY LIMITED
CORRESPONDENCE CAN BE ACHIEVED IN MODELING DISPERSION IN VERTICALLY
DISTORTED FROUDE MODELS OF VERY LARGE BODIES OF WATER. (SEE ALSO
W71-0062).
FIELD 02H, 05G, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-00622
111
-------
NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS OF THE STEADY-STATEt WIND-DRIVEN CURRENTS IN LAKE ERIEt
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION, CLEVELAND, OHIO. LEWIS
RESEARCH CENTER.
RICHARD GEDNEYt AND WILBERT LICK.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS N70-26980, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, BUFFALO, N.Y., MARCH
31-APRIL 3, 1970. TYPESCRIPT, 12 P, FIG. NASA TMX-52786.
IDENTIFIERS:
CONFERENCES, FLUID FLOW, *LAKES, *MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *WIND EFFECTS,
CURRENTS.
ABSTRACT:
SOLUTIONS FOR THE STEADY-STATE, WIND-DRIVEN CURRENTS IN LAKE ERIE HAVE
BEEN OBTAINED BY NUMERICAL METHODS. A SHALLOW LAKE MODEL, WHICH DOES
NOT REQUIRE THE FRICTION LAYERS TO BE SMALL BY COMPARISON WITH THE
DEPTH OF THE LAKE, HAS BEEN USED. IN ORDER TO OBTAIN SOME OF THE
OBSERVED FEATURES OF THE CURRENTS, IT WAS NECESSARY TO USE A RELATIVELY
SMALL GRID (3.22 KILOMETERS). THIS GRID WAS VARIABLE IN SIZE FOR THE
MESH POINTS ADJACENT TO THE BOUNDARIES, THUS PERMITTING AN ACCURATE
APPROXIMATION OF THE BOUNDARY. THE VELOCITY AS A FUNCTION OF DEPTH AND
HORIZONTAL POSITION HAS BEEN DETERMINED. RESULTS ARE PRESENTED FOR
SOUTHWESTERLY^ AND NORTHEASTERLY WINDS. IN BOTH CASES, NARROW BANDS OF
STRONG CURRENTS WERE FOUND NEAR THE SHORE. IN OTHER AREAS, LARGE
SUBSURFACE GYRES WERE EVIDENT. THE CALCULATED RESULTS COMPARE QUIRE
WELL WITH SEABED DRIFTER MEASUREMENTS AND OTHER OBSERVATIONS.
FIELD 02H •
ACCESSION NO. W71-01517
112
-------
SQUAW ISLAND FREIGHT TERMINAL CO V CITY OF BUFFALO (RECOVERY OF DAMAGES FOR
CITY'S POLLUTION OF RIVER).
165 MISC 722, 1 NYS2D 589-595 (1938).
DESCRIPTORS:
*NEW YORK* *WATER POLLUTIONt *RIPARIAN RIGHTS, *SEWAGE, SEWAGE
DISPOSALt SEWERS, LEGAL ASPECTSt JUDICIAL DECISIONS, SANDS, GRAVELS,
CITIES, RIPARIAN WATERS, RIVERS, NAVIGABLE WATERS, LAKE ERIE, PERMITS,
DREDGING, LAND, LAND TENURE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, MUNICIPAL WASTES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*UPLANDS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF RIPARIAN OWNER SOUGHT DAMAGES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF AGAINST
DEFENDANT MUNICIPALITY FOR POLLUTION OF THE NIAGARA RIVER ADJACENT TO
PLAINTIFF'S PROPERTY. PLAINTIFF ALLEGED DESTRUCTION OF SAND AND GRAVEL
DEPOSITS ON ITS LAND UNDER WATER, WHICH IT DREDGED FOR COMMERCIAL
PURPOSES, AND PERMANENT DAMAGE TO ITS UPLANDS. DEFENDANT ARGUED THAT
PLAINTIFF COULD NOT RECOVER BECAUSE IT HELD NO FEDERAL LICENSE TO
DREDGE. THE TRIAL COURT GAVE JUDGMENT FOR DEFENDANT. THE APPELLATE
DIVISION REVERSED AND ENTERED AN INTERLOCUTORY JUDGMENT FOR PLAINTIFF.
THE SUPREME COURT AFFIRMED THE APPELLATE DIVISION AND ASSESSED DAMAGES.
THE COURT STATED THAT THE RIGHT OF PLAINTIFF AS A RIPARIAN OWNER TO
DREDGE ITS LAND IS ABSOLUTE, AND THAT A FEDERAL LICENSE TO DREDGE WAS
NOT NECESSARY. THE COURT ACCEPTED THE TRIAL COURT'S DETERMINATION OF
PLAINTIFF'S OWNERSHIP OF LANDS UNDER WATER AND ASSESSED THE DAMAGES FOR
DESTRUCTION OF THE SAND AND GRAVEL. IT ALSO DETERMINED DAMAGES TO
PLAINTIFF'S UPLANDS, BUT FOUND THAT THE EVIDENCE DID NOT SHOW PERMANENT
DAMAGE. SINCE THE CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW POWER PROJECT WAS IN PROGRESS
WHICH WOULD OBVIATE POLLUTION IN THE FUTURE, THERE WAS NO REASON TO
GRANT PLAINTIFF INJUNCTIVE RELIEF. (DUSS-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-01580
113
-------
TREATMENT PLANT DESIGNED FOR FROZEN MEAT WASTESt
BISSELL, MERRILL AND ASSOCIATES, WILLIAMSVILLE, N.Y.
WILLIAM H. MERRILL, JR.
WATER AND WASTES ENGINEERING VOL 7, NO 5, P C5, MAY 1970. 1 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*DESIGN, ^INDUSTRIAL WASTESt LAKE ERIE, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND,
WASTE WATER TREATMENT, AEROBIC CONDITIONS, -AEROB 1C TREATMENT,
FLOCCULATION, NEW YORK.
IDENTIFIERS:
*FOOD PROCESSING WASTES, PACKAGING PLANTS, BUFFALO(NEW YORK).
ABSTRACT:
A PACKAGED FROZEN MEAT PRODUCTS PLANT WAS ESTABLISHED OUTSIDE BUFFALO,
NEW YORK, WHERE THERE WERE NO SEWERS AND NONE PLANNED. DESIGN FLOWS OF
THE PLANT WERE 100,000 GPD. IN SETTING UP A WASTE WATER TREATMENT
FACILITY, DATA FROM ANOTHER PLANT WAS CONSIDERED. THE PH INTENSITY
LEVEL OF THE WASTES INDICATED A BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT WOULD BE FAVORABLE
AND A NUTRIONALLY BALANCED SYSTEM WOULD RESULT. HOWEVER, THE HIGH ETHER
SOLUBEL CONTENT WOULD SERIOUSLY AFFECT A BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM BY IMPARING
THE OXYGEN TRANSFER~EFF1CIENCY OF APPLIED AIR. THEREFORE A SYSTEM FOR
REMOVING THE AETHER SOLUBLES WOULD HAVE TO PRECEDE THE BIOLOGICAL
SYSTEM. THIS WOULD ALSO AFFECT SOME BOD REMOVAL. INITIAL TREATMENT OF
THE WATERS IS IN AN AIR FLOTATION CELL, WHERE GREASE AND FATS ALONG
WITH MOST OF THE SUSPENDED SOLIDS ARE REMOVED. AFTER COMPLETION OF THE
FLOTATION PROCESS AND BEFORE ENTERING THE AERATION UNIT, THE SUBNATANT
IS MIXED'WITH THE DOMESTIC WASTE FROM THE INPLANT POPULATION. THE
COMBINED WASTE ENTERING THE AERATION TANK IS AERATED AND DETAINED FOR
ABOUT 24 HOURS. DURING THIS TIME, AIR IS CONTINUOUSLY MIXED WITH THE
WASTE WATER BY MEANS OF A SURFACE AERATOR. FROM THE AERATION TANK THE
WATER IS CLARIFIED FOR 4.5 HOURS. WATER LEAVING THE CLARIFIER IS
CHLORINATED AND DISCHARGED THROUGH A MEASUREMENT FLUME INTO LAKE ERIE.
THE LENGTHY OUTFALL LINE ACTS AS A CHLORINE CONTACT TANK. THE OVERALL
BOD REMOVAL EFFICIENCY AVERAGES 85 TO 90? AT PRESENT AND IS EXPECTED TO
INCREASE AS THE PLANT'S EXPERIENCE GROWS. (SELBY-TEXAS)
FIELD 05D
ACCESSION NO. W71-01973
114
-------
ERICKSON V COUNTY OF STEARNS (LIABILITY OF COUNTY FOR DAMAGES FROM DAM
OPERATION).
252 NW 219-221 (MINN 1934).
DESCRIPTORS:
*MINNESOTAt *DAM CONSTRUCT IONt *WATER LEVELS, *FLOOD DAMAGE, DAMSITES,
DAMS, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, HEIGHT, LAKES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
LEGISLATION, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ELEVATION, JURISDICTION, STATE
JURISDICTION, LAND, RIPARIAN LAND, FLOODS, FLOODING, REMEDIES, JUDICIAL
DECISIONS, LEGAL ASPECTS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF RIPARIAN LANDOWNER BROUGHT AN ACTION FOR DAMAGES CAUSED BY
DEFENDANT COUNTY'S ALLEGED IMPROPER MAINTENANCE OF A DAM ON A CERTAIN
LAKE. THE MAJOR PORTION OF THE LAKE LAY WITHIN ANOTHER COUNTY, BUT A
SMALL PART WAS WITHIN DEFENDANT'S BOUNDARIES. UNDER MINNESOTA LAW, THE
STATE DELEGATED ITS POWER OVER CONTROL OF WATER LEVELS IN NAVIGABLE
WATERS TO THE SEVERAL COUNTIES, AND PETITION WAS MADE TO DEFENDANT
COUNTY TO ESTABLISH A DAM TO CONTROL THE LEVEL IN THE PORTION OF THE
LAKE WITHIN ITS BOUNDARIES. THE DAM WAS CONSTRUCTED BY THE STATE GAME
AND FISH DEPARTMENT, WITH DEFENDANT AGREEING TO PAY HALF THE COSTS.
PLAINTIFF'S PROPERTY WAS FLOODED AS A RESULT OF THE DAM, AND THE DAM
WAS REMOVED WHEN DEFENDANT REQUIRED THE GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT TO DO
SO. DEFENDANT DENIED LIABILITY FOR PLAINTIFF'S DAMAGE UNDER THE
DOCTRINE OF ULTRA VIRES. THE TRIAL COURT ACCEPTED THE DEFENSE THAT
DEFENDANT COULD NOT BE LIABLE SINCE IT HAD NO AUTHORITY OVER THE DAM'S
MAINTENANCE, AND THE CASE WAS DISMISSED. AFFIRMING, THE SUPREME COURT
OF MINNESOTA RULED THAT THE LEGISLATURE COULD NOT HAVE ATTEMPTED TO
GIVE A COUNTY CONTROL OVER A LAKE, THE MAJOR PORTION OF WHICH LAY IN
ANOTHER COUNTY. THEREFORE, DEFENDANT HAD NO INTEREST IN THE LAKE, AND
ANY ATTEMPT TO EXERCISE AN INTEREST WAS ULTRA VIRES. (BARKER-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-02176
115
-------
EAST BAY SPORTING CLUB V MILLER (OWNERSHIP OF NON-NAVIGABLE WATERS).
118 OHIO ST 360t 161 NE 12-16 <1928).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *PUBLIC RIGHTS, *NON-NAVIGABLE WATERS, *FISHING, OWNERSHIP OF
BEDS, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, RIPARIAN WATERS, NAVIGABLE WATERS, STREAMS,
LAKES, LAKE ERIE, WATERCOURSESJLEGAL), TIDES, TIDAL MARSHES, FISH
MANAGEMENT, RECREATION, FISH CONSERVATION, WILDLIFE, LEGAL ASPECTS,
JUDICIAL DECISIONS, REMEDIES, RELATIVE RIGHTS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF SPORTING CLUB AND GAME PRESERVE ASKED THAT DEFENDANT
FISHERMEN BE ENJOINED FROM TRESPASSING ON ITS PROPERTY, CLAIMING THEY
DISTURBED BREEDING GROUNDS AND SCARED WILDFOWL. DEFENDANTS ANSWERED
THAT THEY HAD THE RIGHT TO FISH IN NAVIGABLE WATERS. PLAINTIFF'S LAND
BORDERED ON LAKE ERIE, AND THE WATERS IN QUESTION, A LAKE AND TWO
STREAMS, WERE ACCESSIBLE FROM SUCH LAKE. THE LOWER COURT RULED FOR
DEFENDANTS, AND DENIED THE INJUNCTION. THE SUPREME COURT OF OHIO AGREED
THE OPEN BODY OF WATER WAS PART OF THE BAY AND THUS PUBLIC, BUT IT
ENJOINED DEFENDANTS FROM USE OF THE TWO STREAMS. THE COURT STATED THE
STREAMS WERE DEFINED WATERCOURSES AND DID NOT LOSE THAT DEFINITION
BECAUSE THE WATER LEVEL ROSE WITH THE TIDE. NOR COULD SUCH STREAMS BE
CONSIDERED NAVIGABLE UNDER THE DEFINITION OF WATER CAPABLE OF USE AS A
COMMERCIAL HIGHWAY. FLAT-BOTTOMED FISHING BOATS ARE NOT COMMERCE, AND,
SINCE THE STREAMS FLOWED ONLY FROM PLAINTIFF'S PRIVATE LAND, THEY WERE
OWNED BY PLAINTIFF. (MORRIS-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-02422
116
-------
THE MERCURY POLLUTION PROBLEM IN MICHIGAN AND THE LOWER GREAT LAKES AREA (A
SUMMARY OP INFORMATION AND ACTION PROGRAMS)t
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, LANSING.
W. G. TURNEY.
MAY 1970. 12 Pf 10 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
SMICHIGAN, *WATER POLLUTIONt *POLLUTION ABATEMENTf *CHEMICAL WASTES,
POLLUTANTS, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION, INVESTIGATIONS, WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, GOVERNMENTS, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
LEGAL ASPECTS, LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES, ECOLOGY, LABORATORIES,
LABORATORY TESTS, FISH, FISHKILLt FISH CONSERVATION, METALS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*ME«CURY POLLUTION.
ABSTRACT:
THE MERCURY POLLUTION PROBLEM IN THE ST. CLAIR RIVER, LAKE ST. CLAIR,
THE DETROIT RIVER, AND LAKE ERIE IS SURVEYED. DATA GATHERED BY NUMEROUS
AGENCIES WITHIN VARIOUS GOVERNMENTS IS COMPILED AND THERE IS A
PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE PROBLEM. THE REPORT ATTEMPTS TO SHOW HOW
MICHIGAN LEARNED OF THE PROBLEM, WHAT ACTION HAS BEEN TAKEN, WHAT
ACTION IS PLANNED, AND WHAT FURTHER NEEDS TO BE DONE. AN HISTORICAL
REVIEW OF MERCURY CONTAMINATION AND INVESTIGATIVE WORK IN JAPAN, SWEDEN
AND CANADA IS PRESENTED. THE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF MERCURY POISONING IN
MAN ARE ENUMERATED AND MERCURY UPTAKE BY FISH DISCUSSED. THE RESULTS OF
LABORATORY TESTING FOR MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH BY VARIOUS
GOVERNMENTAL LABORATORIES ARE REVEALED. THE REPORT DISCLOSES ACTION
PROGRAMS BY THE MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION RELATING TO THE
CONTROL OF MERCURY DISCHARGES. ACTION HAS BEEN TAKEN AGAINST WYANDOTTE
CHEMICAL COMPANY, AND GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, THE MJAOR MICHIGAN
MERCURY POLLUTION SOURCES. (POWELL-FLORIDA)
FIELD 05G, 05B, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-03294
117
-------
GREAT LAKES SHORELAND MANAGEMENT AND EROSION DAMAGE CONTROL FOR MICHIGAN.
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, LANSING. DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, WDS-4, JANUARY 1970. 18 P, 21 FIG. SUPPORTED
BY A WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL GRANT.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SHORE PROTECTION, *EROSION CONTROL, *GREAT LAKES, *LITTORAL DRIFT,
*SOIL EROSION, *FLOOD DAMAGE, BANK STABILITY, MICHIGAN, LAKE SHORES,
LAKE ERIE, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE HURON, SEICHES, WIND TIDES, LAND
MANAGEMENT, SEDIMENT CONTROL.
IDENTIFIERS:
*SHORELAND MANAGEMENT.
ABSTRACT:
A PROGRAM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED TO THE MICHIGAN LEGISLATURE
TO PROVIDE FOR THE PROTECTION, EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND MAINTENANCE OF
THE QUALITY OF THE GREAT LAKES SHORELANDS OF MICHIGAN. INCLUDED ARE
PROVISIONS TO: REQUIRE ZONING OF SHORELANDS; ESTABLISH THE
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE WATER
RESOURCES COMMISSION; AUTHORIZE ENGINEERING AND SPECIAL STUDIES OF THE
SHORELANDS; AND DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE USE OF THE
SHORELANDS. THE SHORELANDS OF SOME OF MICHIGAN'S SOUTHERN COUNTIES ARE
OVER 80 PERCENT DEVELOPED. EROSION IS A NATURAL PROCESS; HOWEVER, WHEN
WATER LEVELS ARE HIGH AND WHEN HIGH WINDS OCCUR, DAMAGE CAN BE SEVERE.
IN ADDITION TO DAMAGES CAUSED BY NORMAL WEATHER DURING HIGH WATER,
THERE IS A THREAT OF SHORT BUT VIOLENT FLUCTUATIONS FROM SEICHES THAT
CAN INUNDATE LARGE AREAS WITHIN MINUTES. PRIMARY DAMAGE RESULTS FROM
EROSION OF THE SHORELINE, CAUSING PHYSICAL LOSS OF LAND AREAS, TREES,
STRUCTURES, DOCKS, HOMES, COTTAGES AND ROADS. ACCELERATED SEDIMENTATION
IMPAIRS WATER QUALITY, INCREASES DOMESTIC WATER TREATMENT COSTS,
DESTROYS AQUATIC LIFE AND HABITAT, AND FILLS RIVER MOUTHS. A SHORELAND
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM SHOULD GIVE FIRST PRIORITY TO ASSURING THAT NEW
DEVELOPMENTS ALONG THE GREAT LAKES WILL NOT BE SUBJECT TO EROSION
EFFECTS. A PARTNERSHIP MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BETWEEN THE MICHIGAN STATE
GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IS SUGGESTED. (POERTNER)
FIELD 02H, 02J
ACCESSION NO. W71-03908
118
-------
PESTICIDES IN SURFACE WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES: A FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY
1964-1968,
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION CINCINNATI, OHIO. ANALYTICAL
QUALITY CONTROL LAB.
JAMES J. LICHTENBERG, JAMES W. EICHELBERGER, RONALD C. DRESSMAN, AND JAMES E.
LONGBOTTOM.
AVAILABLE FROM: EPA WQO, ANALYTICAL QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY, 1014
BROADWAY, CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202. SEPTEMBER 1969. 34 P, 2 FIG, 8 TAB, 10
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WASTE WATER(POLLUTION), *DIELDRIN, *ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES,
HUDSON RIVER, *PESTICIDE RESIDUES, ENDRIN, DDT, ALDRIN, HEPTACHLOR,
WATER QUALITY, FISHKILL, DELAWARE RIVER, TENNESSEE RIVER, OHIO RIVER,
ST.. LAWRENCE RIVER, LAKE ERIE, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE SUPERIOR,
MISSISSIPPI RIVER, MISSOURI RIVER, RIO GRANDE RIVER, COLORADO RIVER,
COLUMBIA RIVER, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES.
. IDENTIFIERS:
"CHEMICAL RECOVERY, *PARATHION, LINDANE, BHC, CHLODRANE, METHYL,
PARATHION, FENTHION, ETHION", MALATHION, TRITHION, DDE, ODD, HEPTACHLOR
EPOXIDE, CONNECTICUT RIVER, SCHUYLKILL RIVER, MERRIMACK RIVER, RARITAN
RIVER, POTOMAC RIVER, SHENANDOAH RIVER, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, ROANOKE
RIVER, NEUSE RIVER, APALACHICOLA RIVER, BEAUCLAIR RIVER, ESCAMBIA
RIVER, OKLAHOMA RIVER, WEST PALM BEACH CANAL, CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER,
SAVANNAH RIVER, CLINCH RIVER, TOMBIGBEE RIVER, ALLEGHENY RIVER, KANAWHA
RIVER, MONONGAHE1A RIVER, WABASH RIVER, DETROIT RIVER, ST. CLAIR RIVER,
ST. MARY'S RIVER, SAGINAW RIVER, MAUMEE RIVER, ILLINOIS RIVER, FOX
RIVER, NORTH PLATTE RIVER, PLATTE RIVER, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER,
YELLOWSTONE RIVER, RAINY RIVER, RED RIVER, KANSAS RIVER, BIG HORN
RIVER, ATCHAFALAYA RIVER, ARKANSAS RIVER, BRAZOS RIVER, VERDIGRIS
RIVER, TRINITY RIVER, BEAR RIVER, GREEN RIVER, KLAMATH RIVER,
SACRAMENTO RIVER, SAN JOAQUIN RIVER, SAN JUAN RIVER, TRUCKEE RIVER,
CLEARWATER RIVER, PEND OREILLE RIVER, SNAKE RIVER, SPOKANE RIVER,
WILLAMETTE RIVER, YAKIMA RIVER, CARBAMATE COMPOUNDS.
ABSTRACT:
THIS REPORT SUMMARIZES THE RESULTS OF FIVE ANNUAL SYNOPTIC SURVEYS
11964-1968) FOR CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES IN SURFACE WATER OF
THE UNITED STATES. THE ANALYTICAL METHODS EMPLOYED WERE BASED UPON
STANDARD METHODS ESTABLISHED BY FWQA WHICH ARE SPECIFIC FOR DIELDRIN,
ENDRIN, DDT, DDE, DDD, ALDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, HEPTACHLOR EXPOXIDE,
LINDANE, BHC, GAMMA-CHLORDANE AND TECHNICAL CHLORDANE. IN THE 1967 AND
1968 SURVEYS, SAMPLES WERE ALSO ANALYZED FOR MEHYL PARATHION,
PARATHION, FENTHION, ETHION, MALATHION, AND TRITHION. THE RESULTS
SHOWED WIDE-SPREAD OCCURRENCE OF THE PESTICIDES THROUGHOUT THE UNITED
STATES. THE NUMBER OF OCCURRENCES REACHED A PEAK IN 1966 AND THEN
DECLINED SHARPLY IN 1967 AND 1968. THE MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS HAVE NOT
EXCEEDED PERMISSIBLE LIMITS AS THEY RELATE TO HUMAN INTAKE DIRECTLY
FROM A DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY. HOWEVER, THEY HAVE OFTEN EXCEEDED THE
119
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL LIMIT RECOMMENDED BY THE FEDERAL COMMITTEE ON WATER
QUALITY CRITERIA. MAPS AND TABLES ARE INCLUDED TO SHOW THE DISTRIBUTION
OF THE VARIOUS PESTICIDES THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES.
(LITTLE-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05At 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-04201
120
-------
AN ECOLOGICAL CRITERION FOR EVALUATING AN ENVIRONMENT,
NEW YORK STATE COLL. OF AGRICULTURE, ITHACA. DEPT. OF CONSERVATION.
BRUCE T. WILKINS.
IN: ASPECTS OF PLANNING, EVALUATION AND DECISION-MAKING IN SPORT FISHERY
MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION EXTENSION SERIES NO 1, CORNELL
UNIVERSITY, MAY 28, 1968, P 18-23. 2 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*DECISION-MAKING, ^ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, NEW
YORK, LAKE ERIE, *NATURAL RESOURCES, EVALUATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
ADIRONDACKS,
FOREST PRESERVE, PRESERVATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND.
ABSTRACT:
DIVERSITY IS ONE OF THE MAJOR CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES* A MONOCULTURE IS LESS STABLE THAN A COMPLEX OF
ORGANISMS—CATASTROPHIC RESULTS ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH THINGS AS DISEASE,
PREDATORS, WEATHER INFLUENCES, OR ABSENCE OF BUFFER SPECIES ARE MORE
LIKELY TO OCCUR AS DIVERSITY SHRINKS. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT SOCIETY
MINIMIZED RISK BY MAINTAINING DIVERSITY WHICH MAY HAVE THE EFFECT OF
SACRIFICING MAXIMUM PRODUCTIVITY. (SEE ALSO W71-04271) (HOLMES-RUTGERS)
FIELD 06B
ACCESSION NO. W71-04274
121
-------
BAUMHART V MCCLURE (OWNERSHIP OF RIPARIAN LAND AFTER SUSTAINED SUBMERGENCE).
153 NE 211-212 (OHIO APP 1926).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIOt *LAND TENURE, *ACCRET IONUEGAL ASPECTS), *BOUNDARIES ( PROPERTY),
BOUNDARY DISPUTES, REAL PROPERTY, EROSION, SUBMERGENCE, ADJUDICATION
PROCEDURE, RIPARIAN LAND, LAKE ERIE, LAKES, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, LEGAL
ASPECTS, AVULSION.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF RIPARIAN LOT OWNER SOUGHT TO QUIET TITLE TO RIPARIAN LAND
CLAIMED BY DEFENDANT RIPARIAN OWNER. DEFENDANT'S LOT WAS ABOVE LAKE
ERIE WHEN IT WAS ORIGINALLY PLATTED. IT WAS LATER SUBMERGED FOR 40
YEARS, BUT HAD RECENTLY REAPPEARED. PLAINTIFF CLAIMED TITLE TO THE LOT
BY ACCRETION OR RELICTION. THE OHIO COURT OF APPEALS DEFINED ACCRETION
AS AN INCREASE IN REALTY BY GRADUAL DEPOSIT OF SOLID MATERIAL BY WATER
TO CREATE DRY LAND. RELICTION WAS DEFINED AS AN INCREASE IN REALTY BY
RECESSION OF WATER. NOTING THAT THE BURDEN OF PROOF WAS UPON THE
CLAIMANT BY ACCRETION. AS AGAINST ONE HAVING CHAIN OF TITLE, THE COURT
STATED THAT AN OWNER'S TITLE IS DESTROYED BY A DISAPPEARANCE OF LAND
ONLY WHEN THE LAND IS TRANSPORTED BEYOND THE OWNER'S BOUNDARY, OR IS
SUBMERGED FOR A PERIOD PRECLUDING ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PROPERTY'S
IDENTITY. FURTHERMORE, IT WAS OBSERVED THAT TITLE WOULD NOT BE
DESTROYED BY SUDDEN AVULSION FROM STORM. STATING THAT LAND LOST BY
SUBMERGENCE M~IGHT BE REGAINED BY RELICTION, AND ITS DISAPPEARANCE BY
EROSION COULD BE RETURNED BY ACCRETION, THE COURT HELD THAT PLAINTIFF
HAD NOT SUSTAINED THE BURDEN OF PROVING THAT DEFENDANT'S TITLE IN THE
PROPERTY HAD BEEN PERMANENTLY DESTROYED BY ITS SUBMERGENCE. DEFENDANT'S
TITLE WAS HELD UNIMPAIRED. (HART-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E-
ACCESSION NO. W71-04330
122
-------
EAST BAY SPORTING CLUB V MILLER (RIGHT OF PUBLIC TO USE PRIVATE
WILDLIFE-MANAGEMENT LANDS ON LAKE ERIE).
118 OHIO ST 360, 161 NE 12-16 (1928).
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *FISHING, *NAVIGABLE WATERS, FISH MANAGEMENT,
RECREATION, FISH CONSERVATION, LAKES, BAYS, WATERCOURSES(LEGAL ),
INTERMITTENT STREAMS, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, MARSHES, WILDLIFE
CONSERVATION, WILDLIFE, WILDLIFE HABITATS, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, LEGAL
ASPECTS.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF SPORTING CLUB BROUGHT ACTION TO ENJOIN DEFENDANT CITIZEN FROM
HUNTING AND FISHING UPON ITS LANDS. THE DISPUTED LANDS WERE PRIMARILY
MARSHES. DEFENDANT ASSERTED THE RIGHT TO HUNT AND FISH THE LANDS AS A
MEMBER OF THE PUBLIC AND ASSERTED THAT DEPRIVATION OF SUCH RIGHT WAS
UNCONSTITUTIONAL. THE SUPREME COURT OF OHIO NOTED THAT: (1) THE PUBLIC
IS ENTITLED TO FISH IN LAKE ERIE AND ITS OPEN BAY REGARDLESS OF WHETHER
SUCH WATERS ARE NAVIGABLE, (2) WATERS CAPABLE OF USE AS HIGHWAYS FOR
COMMERCE ARE NAVIGABLE, AND (3) A 'WATERCOURSE' IS A STREAM IN A
NATURAL CHANNEL DISCHARGING INTO A LARGER BODY OF WATER. SINCE PART OF
THE DISPUTED LAND WAS PART OF A BAY OF LAKE ERIE, THE COURT HELD THAT
DEFENDANT WAS ENTITLED TO FISH THAT PORTION. HOWEVER, SINCE PLAINTIFF
ESTABLISHED OWNERSHIP OF THE REMAINING LAND, WHICH WAS NOT PART OF LAKE
ERIE, THE COURT ENJOINED DEFENDANT FROM TRESPASSING UPON THE REMAINDER.
(HART-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-04529
123
-------
LAKE HOURLY DISPERSION ESTIMATES FROM A RECORDING CURRENT METERt
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO.
MERV D. PALMER, AND J. BRYAN IZATT.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL 76, NO 3, P 688-693, JANUARY 20, 1971. 6
P, 3 FIG, 4 TAB, 18 REF. ONR CONTRACT N00014-67-A-0103-0007, NR 307-252.
DESCRIPTORS:
*DISPERSION, *WATER CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
CURRENTS(WATER), LAKES, MIXING, CURRENT METERS, PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
TRACKING TECHNIQUES, CORRELATION ANALYSIS, PROBABILITY, MARKOV
PROCESSES, STOCHASTIC PROCESSES, REYNOLDS NUMBER, DATA COLLECTIONS,
STATISTICAL METHODS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*D1SPERSION(LAKES).
ABSTRACT: -
FOR THE GREAT LAKES, MEAN HOURLY DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS ARE PREDICTED
BY USING A FIRST-ORDER MARKOV CHAIN MODEL DEVELOPED FROM CONTINUOUS
HOURLY CURRENT METER RECORDS AT A FIXED POINT. DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS
COMPARE FAVORABLY WITH OTHER STUDIES. THE EULERIAN DATA ARE ASSUMED
EQUIVALENT TO LAGRANGIAN BECAUSE THE REYNOLDS NUMBERS WERE LARGE, AND
BECAUSE THE VELOCITY FIELD WAS HOMOGENEOUS OVER THE DISTANCES
CONSIDERED. A CONVENTIONAL DYE INJECTION STUDY AT PORT MAITLAND ON LAKE
ERIE VERIFIED THE CONVERSION OF DATA FROM EULERIAN TO LAGRANGIAN FORM.
CONCENTRATIONS WERE COMPUTED AS A FUNCTION OF DISTANCE FOR A CONSTANT
CONTINUOUS POINT SOURCE OF A PASSIVE CONTAMINANT. A METHOD WAS
DEVELOPED FOR DETERMINING THE MAXIMUM, MEAN, AND MINIMUM PROBABLE
DISTANCES TRAVELED BY A PARTICLE IN A PERIOD OF HOURS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-04565
124
-------
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES.
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS PB-197 678, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH SYMPOSIUM ON WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH OF THE OHIO
STATE UNIVERSITY, WATER RESOURCES CENTER, OCTOBER 1969. 135 P, 10 FIG, 18
TAB, 52 REF, 2 APPEND. OWRR PROJECT A-999-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION, *GREAT
LAKES, POLLUTION ABATEMENT, ECONOMICS, OHIO, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL.
ABSTRACT:
THE SYMPOSIUM WAS AN OUTGROWTH OF INTEREST IN POLLUTION ABATEMENT
MEASURES FOR THE GREAT LAKES. IT REPRESENTED AN EFFORT TO RESOLVE THE
OPTIMUM APPROACH TO BE TAKEN IN THE SOLUTION OF WATER PROBLEMS. SECTION
I D.EALT WITH THE BIOLOGICAL-CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL SUBSYSTEM AND INCLUDED
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE SIMULATION MODEL OF THE FISH RESOURCES
OF THE GREAT LAKES, MICROBIAL-CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS AS SYSTEMS
PARAMETERS FOR LAKE ERIE, AN OXYGEN-BASED PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR WESTERN
LAKE ERIE, AND PRELIMINARY POLICY MODELS FOR GREAT LAKES REGULATION.
THE ECONOMIC SUBSYSTEM WAS DEALT WITH IN SECTION II WHICH DESCRIBED AN
INTERINDUSTRY FORECASTING MODEL WITH WATER QUALITY AND QUALITY
CONSTRAINTS, SOME DETERMINANTS OF DETROIT'S REGIONAL SHARE OF ECONOMIC
ACTIVITY IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES, A REGIONAL TRADE AND STRUCTURE MODEL
FOR POLLUTION ABATEMENT IN THE WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIE. SECTION III
ENTITLED 'INTEGRATION OF THE MODEL" INCLUDED THE TOPICS OF THE UTILITY
OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS IN ESTUARINE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT, AND SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS, WATER QUALITY AND GOVERNMENT DECISION MAKING. (SEE ALSO
W71-04757 THRU W71-04766) (KRISS-CORNELL)
FIELD 06A, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-04756
125
-------
SOME MICROBIAL-CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS AS SYSTEMS PARAMETERS IN LAKE ERIE,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY.
P. R. DUGAN, J. I. FREA, AND R. M. PFISTER.
IN: SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES, P 21-28, OCTOBER 1969.
8 P, 2 FIG, 16 REF. OWRR PROJECT A-999-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, DATA COLLECTIONS, *ALGAE CONTROL, *LAKE ERIE,
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, BACTERIA, ECOLOGY, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
LAKES, *CYANOPHYTA, *EUTROPHICATION, WATER QUALITY.
ABSTRACT:
SOME MICROBIAL-CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS AS SYSTEMS PARAMETERS IN LAKE ERIE
WERE PRESENTED. ONE OF THE MAJOR PROBLEMS CITED WAS THE INCREASED
GROWTH RATE OF BLUE GREEN ALGAE AND OTHER MICROORGANISMS IN THE LAKE
WHICH HAVE LED TO OBJECTIONS BECAUSE OF DECREASED RECREATIONAL VALUE,
MORTALITY OF FISH AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS, CLOGGING OF WATER SUPPLY INTAKE
FILTERS, AND DEPLETION OF OXYGEN IN THE WATER. FOUR GENERAL PARAMETERS
WERE CONSIDERED IN RELATIONSHIP TO ACCELERATED GROWTH OF BLUE GREEN
ALGAE: m AMOUNT OF LIGHT (ENERGY); m NITROGEN SUPPLY; m co2 OR
C03; AND (4) MINERALS. SEVERAL OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE FROM DATA
COLLECTED IN THE WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIE DURING THE SPRING AND
SUMMER OF 1969. USING BOD AS AN EXAMPLE OF RECYCLING, ROLE OF BACTERIA
IN MAKING NUTRIENTS AVAILABLE FOR ALGAE GROWTH WAS SHOWN SIGNIFICANT;
AND ALGAE, ONCE ABOVE A CRITICAL CONCENTRATION SIGNIFICANTLY ENRICH
THEIR OWN ENVIRONMENTS WITH ORGANICS, WHICH INDICATED A SPIRALING
INCREASE IN RATE OF EUTROPHICATION. SUGGESTIONS FOR DECREASING ALGAE
AND BACTERIA POPULATION IN THE LAKE WERE: PREVENTING ORGANIC AND
MINERAL-NUTRIENTS FROM ENTERING THE WATER COLUMN AND REMOVING SEDIMENTS
OF RELATIVELY HIGH ORGANIC CONTENT PHYSICALLY OR ALLOWING THEM TO
DECREASE NATURALLY. (SEE ALSO W71-04756) (KRISS-CORNELL)
FIELD 06A, 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-04758
126
-------
PAGE 01
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OXYGEN-BASED PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR THE WESTERN LAKE ERIE
PHYSICO-BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIOLOGY.
C. I. RANDLES, T. Y. LI, K. S. SHUMATE, AND S. STOLLMACK.
IN: SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES, P 29-35, OCTOBER 1969.
7 P» 1 FIG. OWRR PROJECT A-999-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *OXYGEN, DATA COLLECTIONS,
*LAKE ERIE, ORGANIC LOADING, SOCIAL ASPECTS, ECONOMICS, LAKES,
* INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS, WATER QUALITY.
ABSTRACT:
A PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR THE WESTERN LAKE ERIE PHYSICO-BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM
THAT WILL PROVIDE A SOUND BASE FOR DETERMINING THE 'BEST' USES OF THE
SYSTEM IN A SOCIO-ECONOMIC SENSE USING A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS APPROACH WAS
PROPOSED, MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PROCESSES IN THE BASIS, OR SUBMODELS
OF THE SYSTEM, PROVIDED THE BASIS FOR SELECTING SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS,
VIA QUANTITIZED ANALYSES, INCLUDED IN THE OVERALL SYSTEM MODEL. OXYGEN
PROVIDED THE BEST COMBINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS NEEDED FOR THE COMMON
MEASURE OF PERFORMANCE OF THE SYSTEM BECAUSE OF ITS USABILITY,
INCLUSIVENESS, AND SCIENTIFIC SOUNDNESS. MAJOR INPUTS, OUTPUTS,
PROCESSES AND INFLUENCING FACTORS FOR MEASURING THE STATE AND CHANGES
IN STATE OF THE PHYSICO-BIOLOGICAL WERE ILLUSTRATED AND GENERAL
COMMENTS WERE MADE ABOUT THE SYSTEM. TWO SPECIAL CASES, ONE WHERE THERE
WERE NO INPUTS OR OUTPUTS OF EITHER ORGANIC MATERIALS OR OXYGEN (A
CLOSED SYSTEM), AND ONE WHERE THE SYSTEM IS IN A STEADY STATE (INPUTS
AMD OUTPUTS OF OXYGEN AND ORGANIC MATERIALS WERE BALANCED) WERE
MENTION€D ALTHOUGH COULD NOT BE USED FOR WESTERN LAKE ERIE. SPECIFIC
DATA NEEDED FOR THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL WERE: ORGANIC AND OXYGEN INPUTS IN
INFLUENT RIVERS? ORGANIC AND OXYGEN OUTPUTS TO CENTRAL BASIN? ORGANIC
INPUTS OR OUTPUTS TO SEDIMENTS, ORGANIC OUTPUTS IN THE FORM OF FISH,
INSECTS, ALGAE, ETC., OXYGEN INPUTS FROM OR OUTPUTS TO THE ATMOSPHERE?
AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION. (SEE ALSO W71-04756) (KRISS-CORNELL)
FIELD 06A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-04759 \
\
i
127
-------
REGIONAL TRADE AND STRUCTURE MODEL FOR POLLUTION ABATEMENT STUDY,
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF ECONOMICS.
RICHARD T. STILLSON.
IN: SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES, P 75-89, OCTOBER 1969.
15 P, 2 FIG, 1 APPEND. OMRR PROJECT A-999-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
•(•OPTIMIZATION, *SIMULATION ANALYSIS, *MODEL STUDIES, REGIONAL ANALYSIS,
*POLLUTION ABATEMENT, ECONOMICS, LAKE ERIE, COSTS, CONSTRAINTS, LAKES,
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER QUALITY.
ABSTRACT:
OUTLINES OF A REGIONAL TRADE MODEL USEFUL IN DETERMINING THE LIKELY
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF VARIOUS PROPOSED POLLUTION ABATEMENT PROGRAMS FOR
THE. WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIE WERE PRESENTED. THE MODEL WAS DESIGNED
TO ANALYZE THE LIKELY ECONOMIC IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF "THE LAKE
ERIE REPORT: A PLAN FOR WATER POLLUTION CONTROL* WHICH PROPOSED SEVERAL
ABATEMENT PROGRAMS INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION FOR SEWERS, SECONDARY AND
TERTIARY TREATMENT FACILITIES OF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND ENFORCEMENT OF A
HIGH STANDARD OF INDUSTRIAL TREATMENT FACILITIES. INTERREGIONAL
ACTIVITY ANALYSIS WAS BROKEN DOWN FOR EACH REGION INTO: (1) PRODUCTION
OF FINAL PRODUCTS, (2) PRODUCTION OF INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS AND (3)
SHIPMENT OF EVERY COMMODITY FROM EACH REGION. A SAMPLE INPUT-OUTPUT
MATRIX OF SUCH ACTIVITIES WAS SHOWN. THIS ACTIVITY ANALYSIS WAS USED TO
FORMULATE A PROGRAMMING MODEL TO ALLOCATE GIVEN RESOURCES AMONG
ACTIVITIES. THE VARIABLE MAXIMIZED WAS THE GROSS RETURN TO REGIONAL
RESOURCES AND TO SHIPPING. THE FOUR CONSTRAINTS ON THE ACTIVITY LEVELS
WERE: m MATERIAL BALANCES, (2) FINAL RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS, (3)
CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS* AND (4) NON-NEGATIVITY CONSTRAINTS. THE MODEL WAS
USED TO SIMULATE SHORT RUN IMPACT OF ABATEMENT PROGRAMS WITH FOUR MAJOR
EFFECTS ON A REGIONAL ECONOMY: (1) TAXATION EFFECT, (2) WATER INPUT
EFFECT, (3) INDUSTRIAL CONTROL EFFECT* AND (4) ABATEMENT-AS A USER OF
RESOURCES. THE MODEL WAS TO BE SIMULATED FOR THE DETROIT-TOLEDO AREA
USING INPUT-OUTPUT COEFFICIENTS FOR 1963. (SEE ALSO W71-04756)
(KRISS-CORNELL)
t
FIELD 06A, 06C, 056
ACCESSION NO. W71-04763
128
-------
01
TRADE STUDY RELEVANT TO POLLUTION ABATEMENT IN THE WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIEt
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF ECONOMICS.
THOMAS C. WEBSTER.
IN: SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES* P 91-110, OCTOBER 1969.
10 Pt 7 TAB. OWRR PROJECT A-999-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
*REGIONAL ANALYSIS, *POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *LAKE ERIE, INDUSTRIAL
PRODUCTION, DATA COLLECTIONS, STATISTICS, LAKES, WATER POLLUTION
CONTROLt COSTS, WATER QUALITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
*TRADE STUDY.
ABSTRACT:
DATA, WHICH WILL PROVIDE A DESCRIPTION OF THOSE INDUSTRIES IMPORTANT TO
THE ECONOMY OF THE WESTERN BASIN AND ENGAGED IN REGIONAL TRADE FOR USE
IN THE REGIONAL TRADE STUDY OF THE WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIE, WAS
GIVEN. THE GEOGRAPHIC AREA CONSTITUTING THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE
WESTERN BASIN WAS DEFINED AS THE METROPOLITAN AREAS OF DETROIT AND
TOLEDO. INDUSTRIES INCLUDED IN THE MODEL WERE ASSUMED TO HAVE SIMILAR
TECHNOLOGIES AND THEREFORE BE AFFECTED BY POLLUTION ABATEMENT PROGRAMS
IN .SIMILAR WAYS. IN TABLE 1, THESE INDUSTRIES WERE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING
TO THE STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (SIC) SYSTEM AND A
DESCRIPTION OF EACH PROVIDED A BREAKDOWN OF THE VARIOUS PRODUCTS THEY
PRODUCE. TABLE 2 LISTED DATA FOR THE ADJUSTED VALUE ADDED BY
MANUFACtURING FOR EACH SELECTED OR MAJOR INDUSTRY GROUP IN THE
DETROIT-TOLEDO SMSA AND THE PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL VALUE ADDED BY
MANUFACTURING FOR EACH SELECTED INDUSTRY. THE DISTANCE WHICH THE
COMMODITIES PRODUCED BY THE VARIOUS INDUSTRIES ARE TRANSPORTED, AS
GIVEN BY THE '1962 CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION* WAS GIVEN IN TABLE 3.
TABLE 4 SHOWED THE DEGREE OF CONCENTRATION OF THE VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
WITHIN THE FIFTEEN LARGEST PRODUCING REGIONS FOR EACH INDUSTRY.
AGGREGATES THAT WILL BE USED IN THE REGIONAL TRADE MODEL WERE SHOWN IN
TABLE 5. ADJUSTED VALUES ADDED BY EACH INDUSTRY AND PERCENTAGE OF THE
TOTAL VALUE ADDED TO EACH INDUSTRY AGGREGATION WERE GIVEN IN TABLES 6
AND 7 RESPECTIVELY. (SEE ALSO W71-04756) (KRISS-CORNELL)
FIELD 06A, 06C, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-04764
129
-------
THE EXPERIMENTAL MODIFICATION OF LAKE-EFFECT WEATHER,
CORNELL AERONAUTICAL LAB., INC. BUFFALO, N.Y.
WILLIAM J. EADIE.
AVAILABLE FROM NT1S AS COM-71-00009, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN
MICROFICHE. FINAL REPORT, CAL REPORT NO VC-2898-P-1, AUG 1970. 88 P, 8 FIG,
6 TAB, 16 REF. ESSA CONTRACT NO E 22-6-69(N).
IDENTIFIERS:
*WEATHER MODIFICATION, *GREAT LAKES, *SNOW FALL, REDUCTION, CLOUD
SEEDING, SNOWSTORMS, INTENSITY, SILVER IODIDE, ICE, METEOROLOGICAL
RADAR, RADAR ECHO AREAS, DRY ICE, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, LAKE ERIE, *LAKE
EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.
ABSTRACT:
DUR.ING NOVEMBER AND DECEMBER OF 1968, FIELD EXPERIMENTS WERE CARRIED
OUT ON THE SOUTHEASTERN SHORE OF LAKE ERIE TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY
OF MODIFYING LAKE-EFFECT WEATHER. THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF THE
EXPERIMENTS WAS TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE SNOWFALL FROM INTENSE
LAKE-EFFECT STORMS COULD BE REDISTRIBUTED OVER A LARGER AREA BY
OVERSEEDING WITH ICE NUCLEI, THEREBY REDUCING THE HEAVY NATURAL
SNOWFALL NEAR THE LEE SHORE'. THE EXPERIMENTS DEMONSTRATED THAT
OVERSEEDING CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED FOR SHORT PERIODS IN LAKE-EFFECT SNOW
BANDS OF MODERATE INTENSITY.
FIELD 02B, 03B
ACCESSION NO. W71-04951
130
-------
01
SUBMERSIBLE RECORDING CURRENT AND WATER QUALITY METERSt
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSIONt TORONTO.
M. D. PALMER.
WATER AND SEWAGE WORKSt 1970 REFERENCE NUMBER, VOL 117* P R64-R70, NOVEMBER
28, 1970. 7 P, 5 FIG, 1 TAB, 8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER QUALITY, ^CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE ERIE* *DATA COLLECTIONS,
^INSTRUMENTATION, HYDROLOGIC DATA, MODEL STUDIES, COMPUTER MODELS,
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CURRENT METERS, ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, ON-SITE TESTS,
TELEMETRY, FLOW RATES, WATER YIELD, WATER RESOURCES, WATER MEASUREMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
WATER INTAKES, WASTE OUTFALLS.
ABSTRACT:
SOME APPLICATIONS FOR WATER MANAGEMENT BASED UPON INFORMATION GATHERED
FROM A SMALL COMPLETELY SELF-CONTAINED SUBMERSIBLE WATER QUALITY METER
AND A RECORDING CURRENT METER OPERATED ON LAKE ERIE AT NANTICOKE ARE
DISCUSSED. STATISTICAL METHODS OF INTERPRETING THE DATA ARE DESCRIBED
AND IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE UTILIZATION OF RECORDING METERS IN THE
NEARSHORE AREAS OF LAKES PROVIDES THE NECESSARY DATA FOR A COMPUTER
MODEL WHICH WKL INDICATE: 11) THE BEST LOCATION FOR WATER INTAKES AND
WASTE OUTFALLS FROM THE DILUTION POINT-OF-VIEW; AND (2) THE ACCEPTABLE
DISCHARGE CONCENTRATIONS AND FLOWS ON THE BASIS OF NOT EXCEEDING
DESIRABLE VALUES AT LOCATIONS IN THE PROXIMITY OF THE DISCHARGE POINT
ON A PROBABILITY BASIS. (WOODARD-USGS)
FIELD OSAt 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05084
131
-------
PLATING AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE TREATMENT AT THE FISHER BODY PLANT,
GENERAL MOTORS CORP., WARREN, MICH. FISHER BODY DIV.
RAYMOND FISCO.
WATER AND SEWAGE WORKS, 1970 REFERENCE NUMBER, VOL 117, P R236-239, NOVEMBER
28, 1970. 4 P, 4 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *INDUSTRIAL WASTES, INDUSTRIAL WATER, *WATER
MANAGEMENT(APPLIED), *LAKE ERIE, METHODOLOGY, PLANNING, CHROMIUM, WATER
POLLUTION, STREAMS, SLUDGE TREATMENT, ACIDS, ALKALINITY,
NEUTRALIZATION, TREATMENT FACILITIES, WATER QUALITY, WATER UTILIZATION,
CHEMICALS, RECLAIMED WATER, EFFLUENTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*FLSHER BODY(ELYRIA, OHIO PLANT).
ABSTRACT: -
THE FiSHER BODY, ELYRIA, OHIO PLANT IS A MAJOR MANUFACTURER OF HARDWARE
AND ELECTROPLATED PARTS FOR THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY. THE TREATMENT
PLANT EFFLUENT NOW AVERAGES 1.5 MGD. THIS DISCHARGES INTO A LARGE STORM
SEWER WHICH IN TURN JOINS THE BLACK RIVER ONE MILE EAST OF THE PLANT
AND IS APPROXIMATELY ONE-FOURTH MILE UPSTREAM FROM CASCADE PARK.
INASMUCH AS THE FISHER BODY EFFLUENT FLOWS TO A SURFACE STREAM, THE
PLANT IS REQUIRED TO OPERATE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF A PERMIT FROM THE
OHIO WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD AT COLUMBUS. THE RAW WASTE FLOW MAY
BE DESCRIBED AS RATHER WEAK SOLUTIONS OF ACID OR ALKALI AND VARIOUS
SUSPENSIONS INCIDENTAL TO THIS TYPE OF MANUFACTURING. THE FLOK-THROUGH
VERSUS BATCH-TYPE WASTE TREATMENT IS COMPARED. THE IMPORTANCE OF
SEGREGATION OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF WASTES IS EMPHASIZED. THE FLUE GAS
METHOD OF CHROME WASTE SCRUBBING HAS PROVEN HIGHLY EFFECTIVE AT THIS
PLANT. SURVEILLANCE AND CONTINUOUS MONITORING ARE LIKEWISE EXTREMELY
IMPORTANT. A VALUABLE ADJUNCT TO THE SYSTEM IS AN AQUARIUM RECEIVING
FLOW FROM THE FINAL EFFLUENT STREAM.
-------
PAGE 01
GREAT LAKES SNOWSTORMS. PART 1. CLOUD PHYSICS ASPECTS,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, ALBANY. ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH CENTER.
JAMES E. JIUSTO, AND EDMOND W. HOLROYD, III.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS COM-71-00012, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN
MICROFICHE. JUN 70. 153 P, 42 FIG, 13 TAB, 71 REF. 6SSA GRANT NO
E22-49-70(G).
IDENTIFIERS:
*CLOUD SEEDING, *GREAT LAKES, *SNOWSTORMS, REDUCTION, CLOUD PHYSICS,
SILVER IODIDE, AEROSOLS, FREEZING, CONDENSATION NUCLEI, ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS, TEMPERATURE, METEOROLOGICAL RADAR, DRY ICE, SNOW FALL, RADAR
CROSS SECTIONS, NETWORKS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, LAKE
ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.
ABSTRACT:
STUDIES OF THE SYNOPTIC, MESOSCALE, AND MICROPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF SNOWSTORMS OCCURRING TO THE LEE OF LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO WERE DONE,
WITH EMPHASIS ON DEFINING PRECIPITATION MECHANISMS, LAND STRUCTURE,
AEROSOL CHARACTERISTICS AND SNOWFALL PATTERNS. CLOUD SEEDING WAS
PERFORMED WITH SILVER IODIDE AND WITH DRY ICE. THE PRACTICAL
IMPLICATIONS OF EACH MODIFICATION CONCEPT CANNOT BE DEFINITELY
ASSESSED, BUT. SEEDING WITH ADDITIONAL FREEZING NUCLEI TO INCREASE
GROUND OR LAKE PRECIPITATION CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED, AND SEEDING FROM THE
GROUND OFFERS EXPERIMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES. SNOW CRYSTAL
CONCENTRATION AT GROUND LEVEL IS AN EFFECTIVE MEASURE OF MODIFICATION
EFFICACY. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE GROUND OBSERVER NETWORK BE
INCREASED BY A FACTOR OF 3, AND THAT THE DURATION AND AREA OF SEEDING
BE INCREASED BY AT LEAST A FACTOR OF 2 TO 3.
FIELD 02C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05153
133
-------
GREAT LAKES SNOWSTORMS, PART 2. SYNOPTIC AND CLIMATOLOGICAL ASPECTS,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, ALBANY. ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH CENTER.
JAMES E. JIUSTO, DOUGLAS A. PAINE, AND MICHAEL L. KAPLAN.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS COM-71-00011, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN
MICROFICHE. MAY 1970. 58 P, 24 FIG, 7 TAB, 16 REF. ESS GRANT E22-13-69
-------
01
TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH,
MICHIGAN UNIV.t ANN ARBOR. GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIV.; AND BUREAU OF
.COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, ANN ARBOR. GREAT LAKES FISHERY LAB.
DAVID C. CHANDLER, AND GEORGE Y. HARRY.
PROCEEDINGS—TWEt^TH-eOWFER^NCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, 1969. 923 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
"•CONFERENCES, "LIMNOLOGY, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE HURON, LAKE
MICHIGAN, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE ERIE, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, BOTTOM
SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENTATION, SAMPLING, WATER QUALITY, WATER BALANCE, WATER
RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, WATER MANAGEMENT!APPLIED).
IDENTIFIERS:
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH CONFERENCE.
ABSTRACT:
THE TWELFTH CONFERENCE WAS HELD MAY 5-7, 1969, AT ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN,
CO-HOSTED BY THE GREAT LAKES FISHERY LABORATORY OF THE U.S. BUREAU OF
COMMERCIAL FISHERIES AND THE GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIVISION OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. EMPHASIS IN THE GENERAL SESSIONS WAS ON THE
RESOURCE VALUES OF THE GREAT LAKES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE NATIONAL
PROGRAM OF MARINE SCIENCE. AUTHORITIES AT THE REGIONAL AND NATIONAL
LEVELS FROM CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES WERE PARTICIPANTS IN THESE
GENERAL.SESSIONS. CONTRIBUTED PAPERS COVERED THE USUAL SCIENTIFIC
DISCIPLINES IN ADDITION TO SPECIAL TOPICS SUCH AS: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
AND ECONOMICS; WATER MANAGEMENT; LIMNOLOGICAL ENGINEERING: AND PHYSICAL
LAKE MODELS. THE SYMPOSIA HERE ON QUATERNARY HISTORY OF THE GREAT LAKES
REGION, PESTICIDES AND THE GREAT LAKES, THE POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF
REMOTE SENSING TO GREAT LAKES PROBLEMS, AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR STUDIES
IN PHYSICAL LIMNOLOGY. (SEE ALSO W71-05562 THRU W71-05571)(KNAPP-USGSI
FIELD 02H, 02J, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-05561
135
-------
ORGANIC MATTER IN THE SEDIMENTS OF LAKES ONTARIO AND ERIE,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES* BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
.CENTER FOR INLAND WATERS.
A. L. M. KEMP.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 237-249, 1969. 13 P, 4 FIG, 2 TAB, 24 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *ORGANIC MATTER, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, CORES,
SAMPLING, SILTS, CLAYS, MUD, HUMIC ACIDS, FULVIC ACIDS, SEDIMENTATION,
PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, PALEOHYDROLOGY, LAKES, SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACES,
GREAT LAKES.
ABSTRACT:
ORGANIC CARBON AND CARBONATE CARBON WERE DETERMINED IN SIX PISTON CORES
FROM LAKE ONTARIO AND FOUR PISTON CORES FROM LAKE ERIE. THE CHANGES IN
ORGANIC CARBON WITH DEPTH OF BURIAL ARE RELATED TO SEDIMENT TYPE AND
EH. NITROGEN, BITUMENS, HUMIC ACIDS, FULVIC ACIDS AND KEROGEN WERE
MEASURED IN THREE SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLES FROM EACH LAKE. THE BASIN
SEDIMENTS OF LAKE ONTARIO CONSISTED OF BLACK LAMINATED GREY SILTY CLAY
MUDS OVERLYING GREY~GLACIAL CLAY* WITH MUD THICKNESSES RANGING FROM 4.6
TO 13.8 M IN~THE CORES. ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT DECREASED 50% IN THE TOP
20 CM OF SEDIMENT AND THEN GRADUALLY DECREASED TO IX AT THE GLACIAL
CLAY CONTACT. A COMPLEX ORGANIC CARBON HORIZON WAS FOUND TWO THIRDS OF
THE WAY DOWN THE POST GLACIAL MUD CLOUMN AT EACH CORE STATION AND WAS
ATTRIBUTED TO A WARMER CLIMATE BETWEEN 4000 AND 7500 YEARS BP. BITUMENS
ACCOUNTED FOR 3 TO 6* OF THE ORGANIC MATTER, HUMIC AND FULVIC ACIDS FOR
19 TO 27X AND KEROGEN FOR 35 TO 49* IN THE SURFACE CENTIMETER OF
SEDIMENT, IN THE MAIN BASINS OF THE TWO LAKES. (SEE ALSO
W71-05561XKNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02J, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05565
136
-------
HIGH RESOLUTION REFLECTION SEISMIC SURVEY IN WESTERN LAKE ERIEt
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, OTTAWA (ONTARIO); GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA,
.BURLINGTON (ONTARIO); AND OHIO STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, SANDUSKY.
GEORGE D« HOBSON, C. E. HERDENDORF, AND C. F. M. LEWIS.
IN: PROCfEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 210-224, 1969. 15 P, 9 FIG, 13 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SURVEYS, *BATHYMETRY, *SEISMIC STUDIES, *STRATIGRAPHY, *LAKE ERIE,
BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, GLACIAL DRIFT, SOUNDING, OHIO, TOPOGRAPHY, PROFILES,
GREAT LAKES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*SEISMIC SURVEYILAKE ERIE).
ABSTRACT:
THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, IN COOPERATION WITH THE OHIO
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, UNDERTOOK A CONTINUOUS MARINE SEISMIC PROFILING
SURVEY IN THE WESTERN PART OF LAKE ERIE DURING AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 1968.
SEISMIC COVERAGE, TOTALLING 818 MI, WAS OBTAINED APPROXIMATELY EVERY 5
MINUTES OF LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE WEST OF POINT PELEE IN BOTH CANADIAN
AND UNITED STATES WATERS. RECORD QUALITY VARIES CONSIDERABLY OVER THE
SURVEY AREA. EAST OF PELEE AND KELLEYS ISLANDS, DATA ARE GOOD AND
PROVIDE A RELIABLE INTERPRETATION OF THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AND
STRATIFICATION WITHIN THEM. THE WESTERNMOST PORTION OF THE BASIN,
YIELDS POOR DATA; THIS IS PROBABLY DUE TO GASEOUS ORGANIC MATERIAL,
SAND BODIES, OR BURIED PEAT DEPOSITS. DRIFT THICKNESS FROM DRILL HOLES
AND FROM THE SURVEY CORRELATE WELL AND RANGE FROM ZERO UP TO 120 FT. A
MAJOR REFLECTOR WITHIN THE DRIFT INDICATES THE SURFACE OF GLACIAL
DEPOSITS AND THE GENERAL PATTERN OF LATE GLACIAL AND POSTGLACIAL
DRAINAGE DURING LOW-LEVEL PHASES OF LAKE ERIE. OFFSHORE BEDROCK
ELEVATION VARIES BETWEEN 390 AND 571 FT ABOVE SEA LEVEL. BEDROCK HIGHS
UNDERLIE POINT PELEE AND THE ISLANDS WHEREAS BEDROCK LOWS IN
INTER-ISLAND AREAS AND THE CENTRAL BASIN ARE READILY OUTLINED. AN
INTERPRETATION OF PREGLACIAL DRAINAGE IS PRESENTED. (SEE ALSO
W71-05561)(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, 02J
ACCESSION NO. W71-05567
137
-------
MONTHLY VARIATION IN PHOSPHATE AND RELATED CHEMICALS FOUND IN THE SEDIMENT IN
THE ISLAND AREA OF LAKE ERIE, 1967-68, WITH REFERENCE TO SAMPLES COLLECTED IN
1964, 1965, AND 1966,
JOHN CARROLL UNIV., CLEVELAND, OHIO; AND OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS.
EDWIN J. SKOCH, AND N. WILSON BRITT.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 325-340, 1969. 16 P, 6 FIG, 3 TAB, 33 REF. OWRR PROJECT
A-008-OHIO(2).
DESCRIPTORS:
*SAMPLING, *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE, *PHOSPHATES, IRON, ORGANIC
MATTER, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, DATA COLLECTIONS, WATER CHEMISTRY,
EUTROPHICATION, NUTRIENTS, PATH OF POLLUTANTS, GREAT LAKES.
ABSTRACT:
SAMPLES OF SEDIMENT COLLECTED IN LAKE ERIE IN 1964, 1965, 1966, AND ON
A MONTHLY BASIS FROM MAY, 1967 THROUGH NOVEMBER, 1968 WERE ANALYZED FOR
TOTAL PHOSPHATE, .IRON AND ORGANIC CARBON. SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED BY
MEANS- OF AN EKMAN DREDGE AND BY CORING. THE CORES WERE SECTIONED AT 2.5
CM INTERVALS AND EACH OF THE SIX SECTIONS WAS ANALYZED. RESULTS OF THE
ANALYSES SHOWED ONLY A SLIGHT INCREASE ON PHOSPHATE SINCE 1964. HOWEVER
ALL THREE FACTORS SHOWED A DEFINITE INCREASE FROM MAY* 1967 THROUGH
NOVEMBER, 1968. MONTHLY VARIATION WAS QUITE DISTINCT AND MORE SEVERE
THAN THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN YEARS. THE SEDIMENT WAS FOUND TO CONSIST
OF TWO DISTINCT LAYERS, WITH THE UPPER 5 CM OF SEDIMENT USUALLY HIGHER
IN CONCENTRATIONS OF MATERIALS THAN THE LOWER PORTIONS. (SEE ALSO
W71-0556IHKNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02K, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05571 . .
138
-------
BANGIA ATROPURPUREA (ROTH) A. IN WESTERN LAKE ERIEt
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF BOTANY.
JACK KISHLERt AND CLARENCE E. TAFT.
THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. VOL 70» NO 1, P 56-57. JANUARY 1970. 1 FIG. 5
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*RHODOPHYTA, #LAKE ERIE, OHIOt ALGAE.
ABSTRACT:
BANGIA ATROPURPUREA WAS COLLECTED 2 MARCH 1969 AT THE STATE HIGHWAY
PARK ON THE EAST SHORE OF MARBLEHEAD PENINSULA, OTTAWA COUNTY, OHIO.
THIS IS THE FIRST RECORD OF BANGIA IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE. IT APPEARED AS
LAX RED-PURPLE TUFTS, 3/4 INCH LONG, COVERING A FLAGSTONE ON THE
SHORELINE WHERE THERE WAS AN OPENING IN THE ICE. (LITTLE-BATTFLLE)
FIELD 05A, 05C, 02H
. ACCESSION NO. W71-05630
139
-------
POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE* LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE ST.
LAWRENCE RIVER. VOLUME I - SUMMARY.
INTERNATIONAL LAKE ERIE WATER POLLUTION BOARD; AND INTERNATIONAL LAKE
ONTARIO-SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER WATER POLLUTION BOARD.
REPORT TO THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION ON THE POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE,
LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER,
VOLUME 1, SUMMARY, 1969. 151 P, A FIG, 11 TAB, 5 PLATE.
DESCRIPTORS:
*POLLUTANTS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, *BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, WATER
POLLUTION SOURCES.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER.
ABSTRACT:
LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE SAINT
LAWRENCE RIVER ARE BEING POLLUTED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE U.S.- CANADIAN
BOUNDARY. FLOW STUDIES CONDUCTED BY AGENCIES IN BOTH COUNTRIES INDICATE
THAT THERE IS SUBSTANTIAL MIXING OF THESE WATERS TO HAVE MADE
CONCENTRATION LEVELS OF POLLUTANTS UNIFORM THROUGHOUT EACH OF THESE
BODIES OF WATER. POLLUTION 'SOURCES, CHARACTER AND DISPOSITION OF WASTE
INPUTS, WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS, WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES AND REMEDIAL
MEASURES INCLUDING INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND LEGISLATION ARE
PRESENTED. (SEE ALSO W71-05806 AND W71-05807) (ENSIGN-PAI)
FIELD 05G, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-05805
140
-------
POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIEt LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE SAINT
LAWRENCE RIVERf VOLUME II - LAKE ERIE.
INTERNATIONAL LAKE ERIE WATER POLLUTION BOARD; AND INTERNATIONAL LAKE
ONTARIO-SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER WATER POLLUTION BOARD.
REPORT TO THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION ON THE POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE,
LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER,
VOLUME II, LAKE ERIE, 1969. 151 P, 5 FIG, 8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *POLLUTANTS, #PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
*BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
A DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYSICAL FEATURES, LAND AND WATER USES AND NEARBY
POPULATIONS OF LAKE ERIE IS PRESENTED AS BACKGROUND TO THIS POLLUTION
STUDYi POLLUTION SOURCES, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS, .AND DEVELOPING PROBLEMS ARE STUDIED AND THE EFFECTS OF
THESE FACTORS ARE EVALUATED. WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES ARE DISCUSSED.
(SEE ALSO W71-05805J (ENSIGN-PAI)
FIELD 05G, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-05806
141
-------
TRACE ELEMENTS IN LAKE ERIE,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
•CENTER FOR INLAND WATERS.
V. K. CHAWLA, AND Y. K. CHAU.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 760-765, 1969. 6 P, 4 FIG, 2 TAB, 10 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CHEMISTRY, *TRACE ELEMENTS, *LAKE ERIE, DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS,
COPPER, IRON, SAMPLING, DATA COLLECTIONS, GREAT LAKES. LAKES,
VARIABILITY, WATER QUALITY, *POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
LEAD, ZINC, LITHIUM, NICKEL.
ABSTRACT:
THE DATA ON TRACE ELEMENTS OBTAINED FROM SIX CRUISES DURING THE PERIOD
JUNE TO OCTOBER 1967 ON LAKE ERIE WERE EXAMINED TO STUDY THEIR
CONCENTRATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS BOTH HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY. OF
THE 11 ELEMENTS STUQIED, THE CONCENTRATIONS OF CADMIUM, CHROMIUM AND
COBALT WERE B^ELOW THE DETECTION LIMITS. THE ANNUAL AVERAGE VALUES OF
IRON, MANGANESE, STRONTIUM AND COPPER OF SURFACE WATERS WERE
COMPARATIVELY HIGHER THAN THE AVERAGE OF SOME FRESH WATER LAKES OF
NORTH AMERICA. CONCENTRATIONS OF ZINC, NICKEL, LITHIUM AND LEAD WERE
QUITE COMPARABLE. THE HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF COPPER, ZINC, NICKEL,
LITHIUM AND LEAD WERE UNIFORM IN THE MAIN WATER BODY OF THE WESTERN,
CENTRAL AND EASTERN BASINS. IRON AND MANGANESE WERE HIGHER IN THE
WESTERN*AND CENTRAL THAN THE EASTERN BASINS, HOWEVER, STRONTIUM ON THE
CONTRARY WAS LOWER IN THE WESTERN BASIN. (SEE ALSO W71-05561)
(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05880
-------
SOME VARIATION IN THE QUALITY OF WATER FROM THE SOURCE AND MOUTH OF THE NIAGARA
RIVER,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, BUFFALO. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
THOMAS H. SIBLEY, AND K. M. STEWART.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 774-785, 1969. 12 P, 5 FIG, 1 TAB, 30 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER QUALITY, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
HARDNESS(WATER), POTASSIUM, SODIUM, CHLORIDES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, ALKALINITY, WATER TEMPERATURE, GREAT LAKES,
MAGNESIUM, STREAMFLOW, SOLUTES, PATH OF POLLUTANTS, WATER POLLUTION
EFFECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
#NIAGARA RIVER.
. ABSTRACT:
AN INVESTIGATION IN 1967 AND EARLY 1968 COMPARED SIMILARITIES AND
DIFFERENCES IN SELECTED VARIABLES OF WATER QUALITY FROM THE SOURCE AND
MOUTH OF THE NIAGARA RIVER. THE SOURCE OF THE RIVER IS THE LARGE VOLUME
DISCHARGE FROM LAKE ERIE AND THE MOUTH IS THE POINT AT WHICH THIS
DISCHARGE EMPTIES INTO LAKE ONTARIO. INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTES
AND SOME RUNOFF FROM AGRICULTURAL AREAS ARE DISCHARGED INTO THE RIVER
ALONG PORTIONS OF WESTERN NEW YORK (USA) AND ONTARIO (CANADA).
COMPARISONS WERE MADE OF TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED, OXYGEN, PH, HARDNESS,
ALKALINITY, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, CHLORIDES, TOTAL
RESIDUE* FIXED SOLIDS AND CONDUCTIVITY. CHLORIDES AND CONDUCTIVITY WERE
CONTINUOUSLY HIGHER AT THE MOUTH. THE MEAN VALUES OF ALL PARAMETERS,
EXCEPT TOTAL RESIDUE AND FIXED SOLIDS, WERE SLIGHTLY HIGHER AT THE
MOUTH. ALTHOUGH THE INCREASES WERE RELATIVELY SLIGHT, THE DISCHARGE
FROM LAKE ERIE IS SO GREAT THAT EVEN SLIGHT CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY
BETWEEN THE SOURCE AND MOUTH REPRESENT IMPRESSIVE INPUTS INTO THE
RIVER. (SEE ALSO W71-05561) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02K, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-05881
143
-------
DISSOLVED MINERAL QUALITY OF GREAT LAKES WATERS.
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY* MINES AND RESOURCES* BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
.CENTER FOR INLAND WATERS.
R. R. WEILERt AND V. K. CHAWLA.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 801-818, 1969. 18 P, 5 FIG, 5 TAB, 15 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER QUALITY, *WATER CHEMISTRY, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *GREAT
LAKES, TRACE ELEMENTS, SOLUTES, CHLORIDES, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, SODIUM,
POTASSIUM, SULFATES, BICARBONATES, FLUORINE, SAMPLING, INDUSTRIAL
WASTES, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, MONITORING,
DATA COLLECTIONS, PATH OF POLLUTANTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WATER QUALITY MONITORING.
. ABSTRACT:
IN 1968 THE CANADA CENTER FOR INLAND WATERS (CCIW) UNDERTOOK A
SYSTEMATIC MONITORING OF LAKES ONTARIO, ERIE* HURON AND SUPERIOR IN A
STUDY OF THE MAJOR (CA, MG* NA* K* S04, CL* HC03 AND F) AND TRACE (ZN,
CU» PB* FE, NI, CR, MN AND SR) ELEMENTS. THE DATA GATHERED ON MAJOR
ELEMENTS DURING THE PERIOD JULY TO NOVEMBER 1968 WERE EXAMINED AND THE
RESULTS COMPARED ON A LAKE-WIDE BASIS WITH EARLIER COMPILATIONS TO
APPRAISE RECENT TRENDS AND CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF THESE WATERS.
BECAUSE THE CONCENTRATIONS OF ALL MAJOR IONS FOR WHICH DATA ARE
AVAILABLE IN LAKE SUPERIOR HAVE NOT CHANGED FOR THE LAST 70-80 YEARS,
THEIR LEVELS ARE APPARENTLY CONTROLLED BY THE BALANCE BETWEEN THE
AMOUNT OF DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES ADDED BY RUNOFF FROM THE DRAINAGE BASIN
AND THAT LOST THROUGH ST. MARY'S RIVER. CHLORIDE AND SULPHATE HAVE
INCREASED IN LAKES MICHIGAN AND HURON. THIS INCREASE IS MOST LIKELY
CAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES. IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO* ALL THE MAJOR
IONS EXCEPT BICARBONATE AND MAGNESIUM HAVE SHOWN A DRAMATIC INCREASE
SINCE 1910. PREVIOUS TO THAT* THE LAKES WERE ESSENTIALLY UNAFFECTED BY
HUMAN ACTIVITIES. THE MEDIAN VALUES OF MINOR ELEMENTS (EXCEPTING SR) IS
GENERALLY BELOW 10 MICROGRAMS/LITER IN THE GREAT LAKES. SDRPTION BY
OXIDES OF MANGANESE AND IRON AND BY SUSPENDED ORGANIC AND INORGANIC
MATERIAL SEEMS A PLAUSIBLE MECHANISM FOR THE REMOVAL OF MINOR ELEMENTS
FROM THE LAKES. (SEE ALSO W71-05561) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02K, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-05883
144
-------
GEOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS IN ONONDAGA LAKE (CENTRAL NEW YORK STATE) COMPARED WITH THE
GREAT LAKES,
SLIPPERY ROCK STATE COLLEGE* PA. DEPT. OF GEOLOGY.
JEFFREY C. SUTHERLAND.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 357-363, 1969. 7 P, 6 FIG, 18 REF. FWOA GRANT WPRD
66-01-68.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CHEMISTRY, *CLAY MINERALS, *LAKES, SILICA, CALCIUM, SODIUM
CHLORIDES, PHOSPHATES, LAKE HURON, LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES, EQUILIBRIUM,
AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS, ION EXCHANGE, CARBONATES, KAOLINITE, MONTMORILLONITE.
IDENTIFIERS:
ONONDAGA LAKE(NY).
ABSTRACTS
ONONDAGA LAKE IS .SHALLOW, EUTROPHIC, AND CONTAINS UNUSUALLY HIGH
CONCENTRATIONS OF DISSOLVED CA, NA, CL, SI02, AND P04. INTERPRETATIONS
OF CHEMICAL AND MINE.RALOGICAL DATA TESTED IN EQUILIBRIUM MODELS ARE
COMPARED WITH THOSE FOR THE GREAT LAKES. THE AVERAGE ANNUAL CONDITION
OF NEAR EQUILIBRIUM WITH CALCITE AND DOLOMITE IS INHERITED FROM
INFLUENT STREAMS. LAKE ERIE IS IN EQUILIBRIUM WITH HYDROXYAPATITE, BUT
ONONDAGA LAKE IS OVERSATURATED, APPROACHING EQUILIBRIUM IN WINTER ONLY.
WHEREAS LOWER LIMITS OF SILICA IN THE NORTH CHANNEL AND LAKE HURON ARE
PROBABLY ESTABLISHED THROUGH DISSOLUTION OF KAOLINITE, UPPER LIMITS
UPON SILICA IN ONONDAGA LAKE MAY PARTLY BE A FUNCTION OF REACTION OF
KAOLINITE TO FORM K FELDSPAR. CONCENTRATIONS OF SILICA IN
SEDIMENT-ENCLOSED WATERS OF THE NORTH CHANNEL AND ONONDAGA LAKE
APPROACH EQUILIBRIUM VALUES WITH AMORPHOUS SILICA. EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN
MONTMORILLONITE AND KAOLINITE MAY DEPEND UPON RATIOS OF CALCIUM TO
SODIUM, AMONG OTHER FACTORS: IN CARBORATE MINERAL-BEARING GREAT LAKES
SEDIMENTS KAOLINITE APPROACHES EQUILIBRIUM WITH CA MONTMORILLONITE, BUT
IN ONONDAGA LAKE APPROACH TO EQUILIBRIUM WITH NA MONTMORILLONITE IS
INFERRED. (SEE ALSO W71-05561) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, 02K
ACCESSION NO. W71-05888
145
-------
WIND INDUCED CIRCULATION PATTERN IN A ROTATING MODEL OF LAKE ERIE,
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK, BUFFALO. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES.
PETER J. BUECHIt AND RALPH R. RUMER.
I
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 406-414, 1969. 9 P, 10 FIG, 8 REF. FWQA GRANT WP-00837.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CIRCULATION, *LAKE ERIE, *CURRENTS(WATER), WINDS, WAVES(WATER),
SEICHES, DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS, MODEL STUDIES, HYDRAULIC MODELS,
HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE, FLOW, GREAT LAKES.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE CIRCULATION.
ABSTRACTS
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF A PREVAILING WESTERLY
WIND ON THE CIRCULATION PATTERNS IN A VERTICALLY DISTORTED FROUDE MODEL
OF LAKE ERIE WERE PERFORMED IN A ROTATING LABORATORY THAT HOUSED THE
MODEL LAKE, ALL NECESSARY INSTRUMENTATION, AND PERSONNEL. A VERTICAL
SCALE OF 1:500 AND A HORIZONTAL SCALE OF 1:200,000 WERE USED. WIND
STRESSES WERE SIMULATED USING A BATTERY OF BLOWERS. MODEL WIND
VELOCITIES COULD BE VARIED FROM ZERO TO 13 FT/SEC. PRELIMINARY
CORRELATION WITH PROTOTYPE WIND SPEEDS WAS OBTAINED BY MEASURING WATER
LEVEL CHANGES IN THE EASTERN END OF THE MODEL LAKE AND COMPARING WITH
AVAILABLE PROTOTYPE FIELD OBSERVATIONS FOR KNOWN WIND CONDITIONS.
MOTION PICTURE STUDIES WITH DYES SERVING AS TRACERS WERE USED IN THE
COLLECTION OF DATA. COMPARISON WITH EARLIER CIRCULATION STUDIES
PERFORMED IN THE ABSENCE OF WIND STRESS REVEALS SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN
THE OVERALL CIRCULATION PATTERN AND THE APPEARANCE OF SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE CIRCULATION PATTERNS. (SEE
ALSO W71-05561) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05891
146
-------
WAVE FORCES IN LAKE ERIE, ,
MICHIGAN UNIV.* ANN ARBOR. DEPT. OF METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY.
ALAN L. COLE.
SUPPORTED BY US LAKE SURVEY, ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS. IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN,
ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 540-552,
1969. 13 P, 11 FIG, 2 TAB, 2 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WAVES(WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *ENERGY, *COASTAL ENGINEERING, GREAT LAKES,
EROSION, SHORE PROTECTION, DATA COLLECTIONS, SURGES, SHORES, HARBORS,
PRESSURE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WAVE FORCEStLAKE ERIE).
ABSTRACT:
DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF THE PRESSURE OF GREAT LAKES' WAVES ON A
BREAKWATER IN LAKE ERIE AT LORAIN, OHIO WAS UNDERTAKEN TO PRODUCE DATA
TO BE USED IN AN EVALUATION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF EXISTING THEORIES
TO GREAT LAKES CONDITIONS AND TO PROVIDE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIPS FOR
BREAKWATER DESIGN, SHIP DESIGN, AND OTHER PRACTICAL NEEDS IN THE GREAT
LAKES. THE EAST BREAKWATER SHOREARM AT LORAIN, OHIO WAS CHOSEN TO BE
INSTRUMENTED BECAUSE OF ITS LOCATION, ORIENTATION, TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
AND OWNERSHIP. THE FIELD PROJECT WAS INITIATED IN SEPTEMBER, 1968 AND
WAS TERMINATED BY ICE CONDITIONS IN DECEMBER, 1968, WITH DATA TAKEN IN
NOVEMBER AND DECEMBER, 1968. WAVE PRESSURE DECREASES BELOW THE STILL
WATER LEVEL AS PREDICTED BY SAINFLOU. (SEE ALSO W71-05561) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05894
147
-------
SOME UNUSUAL SURFACE WATER TEMPERATURE PATTERNS IN THE GREAT LAKES* AS DETECTED
BY AIRBORNE RADIATION THERMOMETER SURVEYS,
METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE OF CANADA, TORONTO (ONTARIO).
J. G. IRBE.
IN: PROCEEDINGS TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, MAY 5-7, 1969,
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT
LAKES RESEARCH, P 583-607, 1969. 25 P, 21 FIG,;5 TAB, 25 REF.
DESCRIPTORS: ;
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *WATER CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES, *WEATHER, *REMOTE
SENSING, AIRCRAFT, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE ERIE, METEOROLOGY, DATA
COLLECTIONS, THERMOMETERS.
IDENTIFIERS:
AIRBORNE RADIATION THERMOMETRY.
ABSTRACT:
SINCE 1966 THE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE OF CANADA HAS UNDERTAKEN A
• PROGRAM OF MONTHLY SURFACE WATER TEMPERATURE SURVEYS OF THE GREAT LAKES
BORDERING ON CANADA USING AN AIRBORNE INFRARED TEMPERATURE SENSING
INSTRUMENT. DURING THE THREE YEAR PERIOD THAT THE PROGRAM HAS BEEN IN
PROGRESS, MANY. INTERESTING FEATURES OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE
WATER TEMPERATURE HAVE BEEN FOUND. MAPS SHOWING SOME OF THE MORE
UNUSUAL ISOTHERM PATTERNS DEDUCED FROM THESE SURVEYS ARE PRESENTED AND
DISCUSSED WITH REFERENCE TO LAKE CIRCULATION AND METEOROLOGICAL
CONDITIONS. (SEE ALSO W71-05561). (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 07B, 0-2H
ACCESSION NO. W71-05898
148
-------
ALDRIN: REMOVAL FROM LAKE WATER BY FLOCCULENT BACTERIA,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY.
WALTER 0. LESHNIOWSKY, PATRICK R. DUGAN, ROBERT M. PFISTER, JAMES I. FREA,
AND CHESTER I. RANDIES.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE* VOL 169, P 993-995,
1970. 1 FIG, 22 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ALDRIN, "CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDE, fFLOCCULATION, *BACTERIA,
LAKE ERIE, ADSORPTION, COLLOIDS, SEDIMENTS, DIATOMS, DETRITUS,
SUSPENDED LOAD, INSECTICIDES, SILTS, PESTICIDES, LAKES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*FLOC FORMING BACTERIA, INORGANIC PARTICLES, MICROPARTICULATES,
FLAVOBACTERIUM, PROTAMINOBACTER, BACILLUS.
ABSTRACT:
STUDIES OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON INSECTICIDES IN A WATER COLUMN
INDICATED THAT FLOC-FORMING BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LAKE ERIE ADSORB AND
CONCENTRATE ALDRIN FROM COLLOIDAL DISPERSION AND THE SUBSEQUENT
SETTLING OF THE BACTERIAL FLOCS REMOVE ALDRIN FROM THE WATER PHASE. ONE
BACTERIUM WAS~ AN ORANGE-RED PIGMENTED GRAM-NEGATIVE ROD, TENTATIVELY
IDENTIFIED AS EITHER A FLAVDBACTERIUM OR PROTAMINOBACTER. THE OTHER WAS
A GRAM-PO.SITIVE SPECIES OF BACILLUS. GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA ADSORPTION
IS SLOWER AS COMPARED TO THE GRAM-POSITIVE, WITH CONSIDERABLE
CONCENTRATING EFFECT. CONTEMPORARY SEDIMENTS FORMING IN LAKE ERIE
CONTAIN A1DRIN AND COULD ADSORB MORE... THE PRESENCE OF BOTH ALDRIN AND
DIELDRIN WAS DETECTED BY BOTH GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MICROCOULOMETRY.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF 'L-AKE ERIE CONTEMPORARY SEDIMENTS
SHOW THAT THESE SEDIMENTS CONSIST OF A CONGLOMERATE FLOC OF BACTERIA,
DIATOMS, AND INORGANIC AND DETRITAL PARTICLES. FLOCCULENT BACTERIA ALSO
ADSORB MICROPARTICULATES, AND THIS ADSORPTION CAPACITY REPRESENTS A
MECHANISM FOR SEDIMENT FORMATION, AND FOR THE REMOVAL OF SUSPENDED
PARTICLES INCLUDING ALDRIN FROM THE WATER COLUMN. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-06000
149
-------
THE CONSERVANCY DISTRICT LAW (OUTLINE AND TEXT OF OHIO CONSERVANCY DISTRICT
LAW).
OHIO OEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCESt COLUMBUS. DIV. OF WATER.
N.O. 65 P» 9 PHOTO, 1 CHART.
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIOt ^ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIESt ^DRAINAGE DISTRICTS. *WATER RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT. STATE GOVERNMENTS, WATER CONSERVATION, WATER RESOURCES,
WATER POLICY, WATER MANAGEMENT APPLIED), WATER SUPPLY, AREA
REDEVELOPMENT, MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT,
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, WATER LAW, LEGISLATION, EMINENT DOMAIN,
CONDEMNATION, RIVERS, STREAMS, LAKES, FLOODS, FLOOD CONTROL.
ABSTRACT:
ALTHOUGH ORIGINALLY FLOOD CONTROL AGENCIES, THE OHIO' CONSERVANCY
DISTRICTS ARE NOW EMPOWERED TO CONSERVE AND DEVELOP WATER SUPPLY,
IMPROVE DRAINAGE, COLLECT AND DISPOSE OF WASTES, PROVIDE FOR
IRRIGATION, AND ARREST EROSION OF THE LAKE ERIE SHORE. THIS BOOKLET
DISCUSSES THE ORGANIZATION OF A CONSERVANCY DISTRICT, THE STEPS IN
DEVELOPMENT OF A DISTRICT, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CONCERNING CONSERVANCY
DISTRICTS, AND THE TEXT OF THE OHIO CONSERVANCY DISTRICT LAW. THE LAW
ITSELF IS SET FORTH IN EIGHT PARTS: (1) DEFINITIONS; (2) ORGANIZATION
OF A DISTRICT;, m POWERS, DUTIES, AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSERVANCY
DISTRICT BOARDS OF DIRECTORS; (4) APPRAISAL OF BENEFITS; (5) FINANCIAL
ADMINISTRATION; (6) INTERCORPORATE RELATIONS AND CONFLICT IN
JURISDICTION; m POLICE POWERS AND REGULATIONS; AND m CONSTRUCTION
AND INTERPRETATION OF THE LAW. IN ADDITION TO PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED
POWERS, THE DISTRICT MAY: (1) ALTER THE COURSE OF RIVERS AND STREAMS;
(2) FILL ANY ABANDONED OR ALTERED WATERCOURSE; (3) CONSTRUCT AND
OPERATE DAMS; (4) PLANT FORESTS ON DISTRICT LAND; AND (5) ACQUIRE BY
PURCHASE OR POWER OF EMINENT DOMAIN EASEMENTS OR LANDS TO EFFECT THE
PURPOSES OF THE ACT. (HART-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-06046
150
-------
WATER POLLUTION PROBLEMS AND CONTROL PROGRAMS IN MICHIGAN'S PORTION OF THE
GREAT LAKES.
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, LANSING.
EXCERPTED FROM CLEAN WATER...IT'S UP TO YOU. TYPESCRIPT, 10 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
^MICHIGAN, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES* WATER QUALITY CONTROL, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, POLLUTION
ABATEMENT, LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE SUPERIOR, WASTE
TREATMENT, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, STATE GOVERNMENTS, FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT, THERMAL POLLUTION, STORM RUNOFF, OIL, SHIPS, IRRIGATION
EFFECTS, RUNOFF, ACID MINE WATER, SEDIMENTS, ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENT,
EUTROPHICATION.
ABSTRACT:
A SURVEY OF WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS OF THE GREAT LAKES SURROUNDING
MICHIGAN SHOWS THAT THE LAKES ARE OF HIGH QUALITY AND RELATIVELY
UNPOLLUTED, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF LAKE ERIE AND PORTIONS OF LAKE
MICHIGAN. THE MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE IN
ANTI-POLLUTION EFFORTS, ESPECIALLY THROUGH VOLUNTARY POLLUTION
ABATEMENT. THE COMMISSION SPECIFIES RESTRICTIONS ON WASTE DISCHARGES,
AND A DEADLINE IS ESTABLISHED FOR MEETING THESE LIMITATIONS. WHERE
VOLUNTARY COMPLIANCE IS INEFFECTIVE, THE COMMISSION DOES NOT HESITATE
IN SEEKING COURT ACTION OR PURSUING THE PENALTY PROVISIONS OF THE LAW.
A SURVEY IS MADE OF VARIOUS ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCES CALLED BY THE
SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. THE TOP PRIORITY POLLUTION PROBLEMS
REQUIRING DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED CONTROL TECHNIQUES INCLUDE: (1)
THERMAL POLLUTION FROM POWER PLANTS AND INDUSTRY; (2) STORM WATER
OVERFLOWS'WHICH BYPASS SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS; (3) OIL SPILLS; (4)
VESSEL POLLUTION IN HARBORS AND HEAVILY USED WATERWAYS; (5) IRRIGATION
POLLUTION RESULTING IN CONCENTRATED SALTS AND MINERALS; (6)
AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; (7) ACID MINE DRAINAGE; (8) INCREASE IN SEDIMENT
VOLUMES; (9) DESTRUCTION OF ESTUARIES BY POLLUTION, DREDGING, AND
FILLING; AND (10) EUTROPHICATION BY ADDITION OF EXCESSIVE NUTRIENTS. A
BRIEF SURVEY OF WASTE TREATMENT METHODS IS INCLUDED.
ISMILJANICH-FLORIDA)
FIELD 05G, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-06053
151
-------
MONTHLY VARIATION IN PHOSPHATE AND RELATED CHEMICALS FOUND IN THE SEDIMENT IN
THE ISLAND AREA OF LAKE ERIEf 1967-68, WITH REFERENCE TO SAMPLES COLLECTED IN
1964, 1965, AND 1966,
. OHIO' STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
N. WILSON BRITT, AND EDWIN J. SKOCH.
AVAILABLE FROM NTIS AS PB-198 128, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE.
OHIO WATER RESOURCES CENTER PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT NO 333X, 1970. 30 P,
3 TAB, 6 FIG, 33 REF. OWRR PROJECT A-008-OHIOm.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *PHOSPHOROUS, *IRON, *EUTROPHICATION, GREAT LAKES,
MUD-WATER INTERFACES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*BOTTOM SAMPLING, *SEDIMENT ANALYSIS, SUBSTRATE, ORGANIC CARBON, OXYGEN
CONSUMED.
ABSTRACT:
SAMPLES OF SEDIMENT COLLECTED IN 1964, 1965, 1966, AND ON A MONTHLY
BASIS FROM MAY 1967 THROUGH NOVEMBER 1968, WERE ANALYZED FOR TOTAL
PHOSPHATE, IRON AND ORGANIC CARBON. SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED BY MEANS OF
A CORE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPED BY E. J. SKOCH. THE CORES WERE SECTIONED AT
2.5 CM INTERVALS AND EACH OF THE SIX SECTIONS WAS ANALYZED FOR THE SAME
FACTOR. RESULTS OF THE ANALYSES SHOWED ONLY A SLIGHT INCREASE IN
PHOSPHATE SINCE 1964. HOWEVER, ALL THOSE FACTORS SHOWED A DEFINITE
INCREASE FROM MAY 1967 THROUGH NOVEMBER 1968. THE TWO SAMPLING METHODS
YIELDED SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT RESULTS. THE SEDIMENT WAS FOUND TO CONSIST
OF TWO DISTINCT LAYERS, WITH THE UPPER 5 CM OF SEDIMENT BEING USUALLY
HIGHER FN CONCENTRATIONS OF MATERIALS THAN THE LOWER PORTION.
FIELD 05B, 05A
ACCESSION NO. W71-06187
152
-------
APPLIES EXISTING TECHNOLOGY FOR A CLEANER LAKE ERIE.
AM CITY, VOL 85, NO 4, P 18, APR 1970.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WASTE TREATMENT, *STORAGE» INSTRUMENTATION, STORM RUNOFF.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ERIE, MONITORING SYSTEM, STORMWATER STORAGE.
ABSTRACT:
THE DETROIT METROPOLITAN WATER SERVICE IS PUTTING EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
INTO EFFECT TO HELP DECELERATE THE AGING OF LAKE ERIE. PROPOSED
PROGRAMS INCLUDE: SOLIDS REDUCTION BY ADDITION OF MECHANISMS TO THE
REGIONAL WASTE WATER PLANT, COLIFORM REMOVAL THROUGH CHLORINATION,
PHOSPHATE REDUCTION USING PICKLE LIQUOR FROM STEEL MILLS, WASTE OIL AND
GREASE REMOVAL USING OIL SKIMMERS, CONSTRUCTION OF PHENOL-REMOVING
SYSTEMS, AND INSTALLATION OF SMOKESTACK AIR CLEANERS TO PREVENT AIR
POLLUTION. A MONITORING SYSTEM TO REDUCE STORMWATER OVERFLOWS IS ALSO
BEING BUILT TO WARN Of APPROACHING RAINFALL, THUS ALLOWING SEWERS TO BE
PUMPED BEFORE THE STORM. THIS WILL PERMIT SEWERS TO STORE CONTAMINATED
STORMWATER, THE DIRTIEST WATER BEING SENT TO THE TREATMENT PLANT.
FURTHER LONG RANGE PLANS ARE BEING MADE TO MEET FUTURE DEMANDS OF THE
REGION.
FIELD 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-06359
153
-------
STORM WATER TREATMENT AT CLEVELANDt
GEORGE 0. SIMPSON, AND LAMONT W. CURTIS.
J. WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FED, VOL 41, NO 2, PART 1, P 151-168, FEB 1969.
PAPER FROM AM WATER WORKS ASSOC - 88TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE, CLEVELAND, OHIO
JUNE 2-7, 1968.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATERSHEDS(BASINS), *MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, *PRESSURE CONDUITS,
*PUMPING PLANTS, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, -*CHLORINAT ION, *POLLUTION
ABATEMENT, *LAKE ERIE, BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT, REDUCTION(CHEMICAL) ,
RECREATION FACILITIES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*GRAVITY SEWER, CLEVELAND, OHIO.
ABSTRACT:
A FEASIBILITY STUDY WAS CONDUCTED FOR THE FWPCA OF A PROPOSED OFFSHORE
STABILIZATION-RETENTI-ON BASIN, FOR THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS POLLUTING
FLOWS-NOW BEING DISCHARGED TO LAKE ERIE. THE BASIN WOULD RECEIVE
TREATED EFFLUENT FLOW FROM THE CITY'S EASTERLY WASTE WATER TREATMENT
PLANT, AS WELL AS FLOW FROM SIX LARGE COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW OUTFALLS,
AND FLOW FROM FIVE POLLUTED STREAMS WHICH DRAIN THE SERVICE AREA. THE
PROPOSED BASIJM WOULD BE APPROXIMATELY 900 ACRES IN AREA, WITH A MEAN
WATER DEPTH OF 33.5 FT. A SHORELINE COLLECTION SYSTEM IS INCLUDED TO
CONVEY FLOWS TO TWO CENTRAL POINTS FOR DISCHARGE INTO THE BASIN. THE
COLLECTION SYSTEM WILL CONSIST OF A COMBINATION OF GRAVITY AND PRESSURE
CONDUITS, WITH TWO PUMPING STATIONS. TWO BASIC TYPES OF PURIFICATION
PROCESSES WILL TAKE PLACE IN THE BASIN. BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL
OXIDATION WILL RESULT IN REDUCTION OF BOD AND COD; THIS PROCESS WILL
REQUIRE 'AN AEROBIC ENVIRONMENT. SEDIMENTATION OF FINE SUSPENDED SOLIDS,
PARTICULARLY THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE CELL MATTER IN THE TREATMENT PLANT
EFFLUENT, WILL 'REQUIRE QUIESCENT SETTLING. TO MEET THESE TWO
CONDITIONS, A TWO STAGE BASIN IS CONTEMPLATED. THE FIRST STAGE WILL BE
MAINTAINED IN AEROBIC CONDITION BY AIR-LIFT OR MECHANICAL PUMPING. IN
THE QUIESCENT SEDIMENTATION STAGE, IT IS EXPECTED THAT AN UPPER LAYER
OF FIVE TO TEN FEET OF WATER WILL BE AEROBIC, WITH THE REMAINDER OF THE
DEPTH ANAEROBIC. THE BASIN WILL CREATE A SHELTERED BAY AT THE
SHORELINE, WHICH WILL BE USED FOR BOATING, FISHING AND SWIMMING. A
SMALL BOAT MARINA IS CONTEMPLATED AS PART OF THE OVERALL PROJECT. THE
BASIN WILL BE PROVIDED WITH FACILITIES FOR CHLORINATION. EFFLUENT WILL
BE DISCHARGED AT ABOUT 8,000 FT. FROM SHORE IN A WATER DEPTH OF
APPROXIMATELY 42 FT. THE BASIN HAS BEEN FOUND FEASIBLE FROM THE
STANDPOINT OF POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND REDUCTION OF BACTERIAL
CONTAMINATION OF THE CITY'S BEACHES RESULTING FROM POLLUTED DISCHARGES.
FIELD 05D
ACCESSION NO. W71-06389
154
-------
THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF SEDIMENTS DEPOSITED IN CLEVELAND HARBOR AT
CLEVELAND, OHIO,
CORPS OF ENGINEERS, CHICAGO, ILL.
DAVID L. SVEUM.
IN: PROCEEDINGS OF A SEMINAR ON SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN RIVERS AND RESERVOIRS,
CORPS OF ENGINEERS HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING CENTER, APRIL 7-9, 1970, DAVIS,
CALIFORNIA, PAPER NO 8, 1970. 16 P, 5 PLATE, 6 TAB, 8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEDIMENTATION, *SILTING, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *LAKE ERIE, *OHIO,
HARBORS, PROVENANCE, SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENT LOAD, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
DREDGING, WASTE DISPOSAL, LANDFILLS.
IDENTIFIERS:
CLEVELAND HARBOR.
ABSTRACT:
EROSION OF THE CUYAHOGA RIVER VALLEY AND ITS TRIBUTARIES BRING LARGE
QUANTITIES OF SEDIMENT TO THE MAIN STREAM, WHICH ARE CARRIED INTO
CLEVELAND HARBOR. EROSION OF AREAS DISTURBED BY CONSTRUCTION ALSO
PRODUCES SEDIMENT. CONSIDERABLE QUANTITIES OF MUNICIPAL WASTES, FLUE
DUST AND OTHER FORMS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE ARE DEPOSITED IN THE HARBOR.
ALL OF THE MATERIALS WHICH ARE DEPOSITED IN THE NAVIGATION CHANNEL MUST
BE REMOVED BY MAINTENANCE DREDGING. THE MATERIALS SO REMOVED ARE
CONSIDERED TO BE GROSSLY POLLUTED, AND CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORICAL
PRACTICE OF DISPOSING THEREOF BY PUMPING IN DEEP WATERS OF LAKE ERIE,
IS CONSIDERED TO BE INIMICAL TO THE ECOLOGY OF THE LAKE. THE AVERAGE
ANNUAL VOLUME OF THE SEDIMENT INFLOW TO CLEVELAND HARBOR IS ABOUT
1,242,OOX> CUBIC YARDS. THE CHEAPEST EFFECTIVE METHOD OF DISPOSAL, AS AN
ALTERNATE TO OPEN LAKE DISPOSAL, IS THE USE OF DIKED CONTAINMENT AREAS
NEAR NAVIGATION PROJECTS. DISPOSAL BY LOADING THE MATERIAL FROM THE
SETTLING BASIN INTO TRUCKS FOR TRANSPORTATION TO LANDFILL SITES APPEARS
TO HAVE MERIT FOR THIS LOCATION AND IS BEING GIVEN FURTHER
CONSIDERATION. A PILOT PROGRAM INCLUDED CONSTRUCTION OF PILOT SCALE
DIKED DISPOSAL AREAS AT A FEW LOCATIONS. (SEE ALSO W71-06675)
(KMAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02J, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-06679
155
-------
A PLAN FOR ENDING LAKE ERIE POLLUTION*
JAMES C. LAMB.
PUBLIC HORKSt VOL 100, NO 6, P 79-82, JUN 1969.
DESCRIPTORS:
*POLLUTION ABATEMENT, STORM RUNOFF, SEWAGE TREATMENT, SEPARATION
TECHNIQUES, *LAKE ERIE, WATER QUALITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
COMBINED SEWERS.
ABSTRACT:
SOURCES AND EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS IN LAKE ERIE ARE DESCRIBED ALONG WITH
PLANS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE ELIMINATION OF POLLUTION FROM THE
LAKE. URBAN RUNOFF AND COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS ARE MAJOR SOURCES OF
POLLUTION CONTRIBUTING BOD, BACTERIA, AND NUTRIENTS—ESPECIALLY
PHOSPHORUS. DETROIT, CLEVELAND, AND TOLEDO ARE THE LARGEST OFFENDERS IN
THE AREA OF STORM WATER RUNOFF. SUGGESTED STATE WATER QUALITY PROGRAMS
ARE OUTLINED IN ADDITION TO AREAS REQUIRING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
SUCH AS: TERTIARY TREATMENT, NUTRIENT REMOVAL, SEDIMENT EVALUATION,
PESTICIDE POLLUTION, RADIOACTIVE AND THERMAL POLLUTION, INDUSTRIAL
SLUDGE DISPOSAL, OXYGEN DEFICIENT ZONES, AND EUTROPHICATION. EXPENSIVE
SEPARATE SEWE.RAGE SYSTEMS ARE RECOMMENDED ONLY WHERE FEASIBLE, SUCH AS
IN REDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. HOWEVER, WHERE COMBINED SEWERS EXIST,
OVERFLOWS SHOULD BE DISINFECTED BEFORE BEING DISCHARGED TO A BODY OF
WATER, AND FUTURE PLANS FOR STORAGE AND TREATMENT SHOULD BE MADE.
FIELD 05G, 05B
ACCESSION'NO. W71-06747
156
-------
THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION IN FARM ANIMAL
WASTE AND THE BY-PRODUCT MANAGEMENT*
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION* CHICAGO, ILL. GREAT LAKES
REGION.
FRANK E. HALL.
IN: PROCEEDINGS OF FARM ANIMAL WASTE AND BY-PRODUCT MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE*
UNIVERSITY EXTENSION, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, P 92-95, NOVEMBER 6-7, 1969.
DESCRIPTORS:
*FARM WASTES, *WATER POLLUTION, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT, DISPOSAL, GRANTS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, LAKE ERIE, WATER
QUALITY, STANDARDS, LEGISLATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
. *FWPCA, ANIMAL WASTE DISPOSAL, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, FEEDLOTS,
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS, WATER QUALITY STANDARDS.
ABSTRACT:
A DISCUSSION IS PRESENTED STATING HOW THE PROGRAMS OF THE FEDERAL WATER
POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION RELATE TO FARM ANIMAL WASTES AND
BY-PRODUCT MANAGEMENT. EXAMPLES ARE GIVEN OF GOVERNMENT AND IN-HOUSE
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES. MENTION IS GIVEN OF THOSE FWPCA SUPPORTED
ACTIVITIES THAT RELATE DIRECTLY TO THE CONTROL OF POLLUTION FROM FARM
ANIMALS. THESE INCLUDE POLLUTION SURVEILLANCE AND WATER QUALITY
MONITORING AMONG OTHERS. THE AUTHOR FEELS THAT THE MOST SIGNIFICANT
RECENT ACCOMPLISHMENT IN WATER POLLUTION CONTROL IS THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF WATER QUALITY STANDARDS. (SEE ALSO W71-06810) (WHITE-IOWA STATE)
FIELD 05G'
ACCESSION NO. W71-06825
157
-------
DETERMINATION OF SOME CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL RELATIONSHIPS FROM RECORDING METERS
IN LAKESt
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION* TORONTO.
MERV D. PALMERt AND J. BRYAN IZATT.
WATER RESEARCHt VOL 4, NO 12, P 773-786, DECEMBER 1970. 14 P, 6 FIG, 9 TAB, 9
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY, *LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, POLLUTANT
IDENTIFICATION, INSTRUMENTATION, STATISTICAL METHODS, CURRENT METERS,
DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WA.TER QUALITY MONITORING.
ABSTRACT:
HOURLY READINGS OF CURRENT, CONDUCTIVITY, PH AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN WERE
COLLECTED DURING MAY AND JUNE, 1969, 1.6 KM OFFSHORE AT THE MID-DEPTH
OF A TOTAL DEPTH OF 6 M ON LAKE ERIE. THE NEAREST MAJOR SEWAGE OUTFALL
IS 6 KM TO THE WEST .OF THE MEASURING LOCATION. DATA COLLECTED IN THIS
MANNER REQUIRES EXTENSIVE CONDITIONING BEFORE MEANINGFUL TIME SERIES
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES ARE APPLIED. CONDUCTIVITY WAS FOUND TO CORRELATE
DIRECTLY WITH WATER MOVEMENT IN THE NEARSHORE AREAS OF LAKES, AND IS
CONSIDERED TO BE TRANSPORTED BY THE CURRENTS. PH WAS RELATED TO
CURRENTS FOR ONE MONTH ONLY. DISSOLVED OXYGEN IS INDEPENDENT OF
CURRENTS AND REQUIRES INFORMATION OTHER THAN CURRENTS TO EXPLAIN THE
MEASURED 'VALUES. PROBABILITY TECHNIQUES WERE SUCCESSFULLY USED TO
DESCRIBE CONDUCTIVITY, PH AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 02K, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-07045
158
-------
CONSIDERED LAKE ERIE-LAKE ONTARIO WATERWAY; HYDRAULIC MODEL INVESTIGATION,
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISS.
T. E. MURPHY.
SPONSORED BY US ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, BUFFALO. US ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS
EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI, TECHNICAL REPORT H-70-3, APR
1970. 14 P, 8 TAB, 8 PHOTO, 10 PL.
DESCRIPTORS:
*INLAND WATERWAYS, *HYDRAULIC MODELS, NAVIGATION CONDITIONS, LOCKS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ERIE-LAKE ONTARIO WATERWAY.
ABSTRACT:
INVESTIGATION WAS CONDUCTED TO ASSIST IN DETERMINATION OF THE ECONOMIC
JUSTIFICATION OF A WATER ROUTE CONNECTING LAKE ERIE AND LAKE ONTARIO.
SPECIFICALLY, THE STUDIES INVOLVED DETERMINATION OF THE MOST FUNCTIONAL
AND ECONOMICAL LOCATION FOR A LOCK IN THE VICINITY OF BUFFALO, N.Y.,
AND EVALUATION OF NAVIGATION CONDITIONS AT THE ENTRANCE TO AN OVERLAND
CANAL JOINING THE AMERICAN CHANNEL OF THE NIAGARA RIVER NORTHWEST OF
NORTH TONAWANDA, N.Y. AN EXISTING MODEL OF THE NIAGARA RIVER WITH A
HORIZONTAL SCALE OF 1:360 AND A VERTICAL SCALE OF 1:60 AND A NEW
UND1STORTED MODEL OF THE CANAL ENTRANCE WITH A 1:120 SCALE WERE USED IN
THE INVESTIGATION. TESTS DEMONSTRATED THE DESIRABILITY OF PLACING THE
NEW LOCK IN THE VICINITY OF BUFFALO AS FAR DOWNSTREAM AS IS FEASIBLE
WITHOUT RENDERING THE EXISTING BLACK ROCK LOCK AND CANAL INOPERABLE
DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD. NAVIGATION PROBLEMS AT THE CANAL
ENTRANCE WERE NOT AS SEVERE AS HAD BEEN CONTEMPLATED AND A SMALL AMOUNT
OF OVEREXCAVATION RESULTED IN SATISFACTORY CONDITIONS. (MURPHY-WES)
FIELD 06B, 04A, 08A
ACCESSION NO. W71-07172
159
-------
DESIGN FOR FLOOD CONTROL AND WAVE PROTECTION, CHAGRIN RIVER, EASTLAKE, OHIO;
HYDRAULIC MODEL INVESTIGATION,
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISS.
C. E. CHATHAM, JR.
SPONSORED BY US ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, BUFFALO. US ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS
EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI, TECHNICAL REPORT H-70-11, SEPT
1970. 18 P, 11 TAB, 33 PHOTO, 26 PL.
DESCRIPTORS:
*FLOOD CONTROL, *WAVES(WATER ), ^HYDRAULIC MODELS, BREAKWATERS, LAKE
ERIE, *SHORE PROTECTION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CHAGRIN RIVER, *EASTLAKE(OHIO ) .
ABSTRACT:
A l:75-SCALE MODEL OF THE LOWER 2000 FT OF THE CHAGRIN RIVER AND
SUFFICIENT OFFSHORE AREA IN LAKE ERIE TO PERMIT GENERATION OF THE
REQUIRED TEST WAVES WAS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE ARRANGEMENT AND DESIGN
OF CERTAIN PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO WAVE ACTION AND FLOOD
CONTROL. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT PLANS CONSISTED OF (1) ARROWHEAD
BREAKWATERS I.N LAKE ERIE AT THE MOUTH OF THE RIVER, AGGREGATING ABOUT
2360 FT IN LENGTH; (2) REALIGNMENT AND ENLARGEMENT OF THE RIVER CHANNEL
FROM LAKE ERIE THROUGH THE CITY OF EASTLAKE, WITH LEVEES WHERE REQUIRED
TO SUPPLEMENT CHANNEL ENLARGEMENT; (3) A SPUR CHANNEL AND AN ACCESS
CHANNEL FOR NAVIGATION; (4) RECREATIONAL FACILITIES AT THE RIVER MOUTH;
AND (5) THE ADDITION OF BEACH FILL AND PROTECTIVE GROINS ALONG THE
SHORELINE" EAST OF THE EAST BREAKWATER. A 60-FT-LONG WAVE MACHINE AND
ELECTRICAL WAVE-HEIGHT MEASURING AND RECORDING APPARATUS WERE UTILIZED
IN MODEL OPERATION. CONCLUSIONS FROM TEST RESULTS ARE GIVEN.
(CHATHAM-WES)
FIELD 08B
ACCESSION NO. W71-07180
160
-------
WATER CONFLICTS ON LAKE ERIE»
PENNSYLVANIA DEPT. OF HEALTHt HARRISBURG, PA.
WALTER LYON.
IN: GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES CONFERENCEt TORONTO, HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER
COMMISSION OF TORONTO, P 115-120, 1968.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER QUALITY, *MANAGEMENT, *POLLUTION, *L'AKE ERIE, *REGIONAL
ANALYSIS, FISHERIES, RECREATION, POPULATION, LAKES, STREAMS,
MATHEMATICAL STUDIES, COSTS, SOCIAL ASPECTS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES, *REGIONAL ECONOMY, *POLLUTION ABATEMENT, TRAPPED
SEGMENTS, PUBLIC POLICY.
ABSTRACT:
ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO 'CLARIFY THE FACTS ABOUT THE CONDITION OF LAKE ERIE
IN ORDER TO OFFSET THE ADVERSE ECONOMIC EFFECT OF REPORTS THAT LAKE
ERIE IS 'DEAD' AND A POLLUTED HEALTH HAZARD. LAKE ERIE IS 'SICK' RATHER
THAN «DEAD», HAVING SUFFERED SERIOUS INJURY BECAUSE MANY OF ITS USES
HAVE BEEN ABUSED BY-ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES WHICH FAILED TO RELATE THE
REGIONAL ECONOMY TO THE PROTECTION OF THE LAKE AS A NATURAL RESOURCE.
SOME OF THE LAKE'S PROBLEMS WHICH ARE SPECIFIED INCLUDE THE ECOLOGICAL
IMBALANCE OF OVERFERTILIZATION BY PHOSPHATES, THE CHANGE IN THE SPECIES
COMPOSITION OF FISH, AND THE ACCUMULATION OF RESIDUAL POLLUTANTS FROM
TREATED SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGES. THREE STEPS ARE
PROPOSED TO IMPROVE THE WATER QUALITY OF THE LAKE, NAMELY
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLLUTION ABATEMENT PROGRAM, IMPROVEMENT OF
FISHERIES, AND DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCEPTUAL POLICY FRAMEWORK BASED ON A
MODEL OF THE LAKE WHICH CONSIDERS ECOLOGIC, HYDROLOGIC, AND BIOCHEMICAL
AND OTHER SUBSYSTEMS OPERATIVE IN THE LAKE AND WHICH WOULD RELATE
POLLUTION ABATEMENT TO RESULTANT WATER QUALITY AND USE IMPROVEMENTS.
(SEE ALSO W71-07565) (MURPHY-RUTGERS)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-07569
161
-------
ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING OF WATER QUALITY CONTROL*
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO.
W. A. STEGGLES.
IN: GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES CONFERENCE, TORONTO, THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER
COMMISSION OF ONTARIO, P 449-470, 1968.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER MANAGEMENT, GOVERNMENT, POLLUTION,
DRAINAGE BASIN, RIVERS, SEWERS, TRANSPORTATION, POPULATION, CHLORIDE,
WASTE TREATMENT, STREAMS, EROSION, CANALS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*QUALITY CONTROL POLICY, *ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, GROSS PRODUCTS.
ABSTRACT:
THE GROWING POLLUTION PROBLEMS OF THE GREAT LAKES ARE INDICATED; SUCH
PROBLEMS ARE CONTROLLABLE BY SUITABLE PLANNING, REGULATION AND OTHER
PROCEDURES. THIS END COULD BEST BE ACHIEVED BY COUPLING WATER QUALITY
GOALS WITH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES TO REDUCE POLLUTANTS AT THE SOURCE.
GREATLY IMPROVED WATER POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IS NEEDED AS THE
TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMY, AND STANDARD OF LIVING INCREASE IN THE GREAT LAKES
AREA, AS SHOWN BY SUCH EXAMPLES AS GROSS PRODUCTS, HUMAN AND ANIMAL
POPULATIONS, SEAWAY AND CANAL TRAFFIC, CHLORIDE CONTENT OF LAKES, AND
NUTRIENTS IN LAKE ERIE. THE THREE MAJOR AREAS OF CONCERN FOR
APPROPRIATE WATER MANAGEMENT ARE PROPOSED AS DEVELOPMENT OF PLANS FOR
OPTIMAL WATER USE, STUDY OF TOLERANCE FOR WASTE WATER, AND A k'ATCH TO
DETECT UNUSUAL WASTE SPILLS AND OVERLOADS FROM TREATMENT FACILITIES.
VARIOUS WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES AND STANDARDS ARE SURVEYED FROM BOTH
THE CANADIAN AND US VIEWPOINTS, AND SUGGESTIONS ARE PRESENTED FOR
IMPLEMENTATION.OF THE NEW POLICIES. (SEE ALSO W71-07565)
(MURPHY-RUTGERS)
FIELD 06B, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-07576
162
-------
POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIEt LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE ST.
LAWRENCE RIVER.
TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD ON AIR POLLUTIONt INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION
(CANADA).
REPORT BY THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION CANADA AND UNITED STATES. 1970.
174 P. 5 FIGt 4 TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES. *WATER POLLUTION "EFFECTS. *POLLUTANTS,
*MONITORING. *LEGAL ASPECTS. LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO, ST. LAWRENCE
RIVER.
IDENTIFIERS:
*POTENTIAL» REMEDIAL MEASURES, PROPOSED OBJECTIVES.
ABSTRACT:
THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION REPORTS ON AN INQUIRY INTO THE
POLLUTION OF LAKE ERFE, LAKE ONTARIO AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF
THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. THE LOCATIONS, CAUSES AND EXTENT OF POLLUTION
WERE STUDIED. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES WERE MADE IN
THE HOPES THAT BOTH CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES WOULD ADOPT THEM AND
ENTER INTO AGREEMENT- ON PROGRAMS AND MEASURES TO ACHIEVE THOSE
OBJECTIVES. AUTHORITY BY THE COMMISSION TO MONITOR THE WATER OUALITY
AND ABATEMENT PROGRESS WAS RECOMMENDED. THE IJC ALSO RECOMMENDED THAT
THE REFERENCE OF OCTOBER 1964 BE EXTENDED TO AUTHORIZE POLLUTION
STUDIES IN THE REMAINING BOUNDARY WATERS OF THE GREAT LAKES AND
TRIBUTARY WATERS. (ENSIGN-PAI)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-07671
163
-------
CLEVELAND FACES POLLUTION SUIT.
CHEMICAL WEEK, VOL 107, NO 9, P 18, AUG 26, 1970.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LEGAL ASPECTS, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, LAKE
ERIE, TREATMENT FACILITIES, CITY PLANNING, CONTRACTS, OHIO, SEWERS,
*CHLORINATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*CLEVELAND(OHIO), *INTERCEPTOR SEWERS.
ABSTRACT:
THE OHIO WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD HAS DIRECTED ATTORNEY GENERAL
PAUL BROWN TO FILE SUIT AGAINST CLEVELAND FOR FAILURE IN MEETING A JUNE
15, 1970 DEADLINE TO INSTALL TEMPORARY CHLORINATION FACILITIES IN ITS
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS WHICH POLLUTE LAKE ERIE. THE CITY ALSO FAILED
TO MEET A JULY 1ST DEADLINE TO CONTRACT FOR SANITARY INTERCEPTOR SEWER
PLANS IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE CITY.
FIELD 05G, 06E, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-07853
164
-------
HYDROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF STREAM AND NEARSHORE SYSTEMS: FIELD STUDIESf
MICHIGAN STATE UNIV., EAST LANSING. INST. OF WATER RESEARCH.
M. E. STEPHENSON, £4 D. ANDERSON, AND R. A. COLE.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DATA AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR WATER
QUALITY MANAGEMENT, CONFERENCE OF STATE SANITARY ENGINEERS AND WISCONSIN
UNIVERSITY, JULY 21-23, 1970, MADISON, WIS., P 299-309, 1970. 11 P, 3 FIG,
1 TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
*MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY, *BIOINDICATORS, SAMPLING, MICHIGAN, WATER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION, THERMAL POLLUTION, LAKE
ERIE, PLANKTON, AQUATIC LIFE, ECOLOGY, AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WATER QUALITY MONITORING.
ABSTRACT:
HYDROBilOLOGICAL EVALUATIONS MAY BE CONDUCTED UNDER THE ASSUMPTION THAT
THE MOST REPRESENTATIVE INDICATORS OF CHANGING WATER QUALITY ARE
FUNCTIONS OF THE INDIGENOUS.BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY. THESE RESPONSES MAY
OCCUR AS A RESULT OF- THE INTRODUCTION OF FOREIGN BIOLOGICAL POPULATIONS
OR CHANGE IN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES. FIELD INVESTIGATIONS
WERE MADE ON FOUR MICHIGAN STREAM SYSTEMS AND A NEARSHORE ENVIRONMENT
IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE TO EVALUATE THE RESPONSE OF THESE ENVIRONMENTS TO
URBANIZATION AND AGRICULTURE PRACTICES. AN ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF
THERMAL DISCHARGE FROM A FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANT AT THE MOUTH OF THE
RAISIN RIVER IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE WAS INITIATED IN JULY, 1969.
COMMUNITY" COMPONENTS ELECTED TO CHARACTERIZE CHANGES ARE PHYTOPLANKTON,
PERIPHYTON, ZOOPLANKTON, BENTHOS, FISH, AND WATERFOWL. THE PHYSICAL AND
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS INCLUDE TEMPERATURE, OXYGEN, PHOSPHORUS, ORGANIC
NITROGEN, TOTAL NITROGEN, NITRATE, AMMONIA, ORGANIC CARBON, AND SILICA.
IN ADDITION, PESTICIDE ANALYSES ARE BEING PERFORMED ON THE FISH
COLLECTED IN THE BIOLOGICAL PROGRAM. (SEE ALSO W71-08550) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-08880
165
-------
SHORELINE ALGAE OF WESTERN LAKE ERIE,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. GRADUATE STUDIES IN BOTANY.
RACHEL COX DOWNING.'
THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, VOL 70, NO 5, P 257-276, 1970. 97 FIG, 37 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE SHORES, *ALGAE, *LAKE ERIE, AQUATIC HABITATS, LAKES, AOUATIC
ENVIRONMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*ALGAL SPECIES, WESTERN LAKE ERIE, ARNOLDIELLA CONCHOPHILA MILLER.
ABSTRACT:
IN SPITE OF SOME 70 YEAR INVESTIGATIONS OF ALGAE INHABITING WESTERN
LAKE ERIE, ALMOST NOTHING WAS KNOWN PRIOR TO THIS STUDY OF THE
SHORELINE AS A SPECIFIC HABITAT OF THESE ORGANISMS. THIS SITE HARBORS
61 TAXA, 39 OF WHICH 'ARE NEW RECORDS FOR THIS PART OF THE LAKE, AND
ONE, ARNOLDIELLA CONCHOPHILA MILLER, WAS PREVIOUSLY REPORTED ONLY FROM
CENTRAL RUSSIA. (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-09156
166
-------
DUMPING GROUND REGULATIONS (REGULATION OF DUMPING IN INTEREST OF NAVIGATION).
CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATTONS-r—T-UL_E_33f CHAP 11, PART 205 (1970). 14 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*NAVIGABLE WATERS, *NAVIGATION, *WASTE DISPOSAL, *WASTE DUMPS, BODIES
OF WATER, REGULATION, INSPECTION, PERMITS, STANDARDS, MONITORING,
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ADMINISTRATION, WATER POLLUTION, PACIFIC
OCEAN, ATLANTIC OCEAN, NAVIGABLE RIVERS, GREAT LAKES, DREDGING, WASTES,
COSTS, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.
ABSTRACT:
IN AN EFFORT TO CONTROL THE DUMPING OF WASTE MATERIALS INTO VARIOUS
NAVIGABLE BODIES OF WATER, THESE FEDERAL REGULATIONS DELINEATE: (1) THE
TYPES OF MATERIALS WHICH MAY BE DUMPED, (2) THE AREAS WHERE THEY MAY BE
DUMPED, (3) PROCEDURES FOR OBTAINING PERMISSION TO DUMP WASTE
MATERIALS, AND (4) METHODS FOR REGULATING PERMISSIBLE DUMPING. BODIES
OF WATER COVERED BY THESE REGULATIONS INCLUDE: (1) NEW YORK HARBOR AND
ADJACENT WATERS; (2) THE CHESAPEAKE BAY OFF KENT ISLAND, MARYLAND; (3)
ASHLEY RIVER AND CHARLESTON HARBOR, SOUTH CAROLINA; K) LAKE MICHIGAN
AROUND CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; (5) LAKE SUPERIOR IN MINNESOTA AND WISCONSIN;
(6) THE WEST END OF LAKE ERIE; (7) VARIOUS APPROACHES TO BAYS AND
RIVERS IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN; AND (8) ENTRANCES TO SEAPORTS. THE PRIMARY
AIM OF THE REGULATIONS IS TO ASSURE UNHINDERED NAVIGATION IN THESE
WATERS, ALTHOUGH POLLUTION CONTROL APPEARS TO BE AN ADDITIONAL FACTOR.
IN ALL WATERS COVERED THE DUMPING OF FLOATABLE WASTES OR WASTES EASILY
TRANSPORTED BY CURRENTS IS PROHIBITED. IN MANY WATERS METALLIC OBJECTS
MAY NOT BE DUMPED. VARIOUS PROVISIONS PRESCRIBE METHODS OF OBTAINING
DUMPING PERMITS, SUPERVISORY CONTROL OF THE DUMPING, AND INSPECTION OF
DUMPING AREAS. (DUSS-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E .
ACCESSION 'NO. W71-09196
167
-------
LAKE ERIE: COMMON EFFORT CAN SAVE IT.
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIESt WASHINGTON! O.C.
COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEWt VOL 32, NO 8-9, P 19-20, AUG-SEPT, 1970. 4 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LAKE FISHERIES, *FISHERIES, *FISH MANAGEMENT, *FISH
POPULATIONS, *AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, *FISH HARVEST, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *DDT, *HEAVY METALS, GREAT LAKES, MARKET VALUE,
WHITE BASS, YELLOW PERCH, LAKE TROUT, FISH CONSERVATION, FISH FOOD
ORGANISMS, FISHKILL, POUNDS FISH PER ACRE, FISH POPULATIONS, BENTHIC
FAUNA, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, REHABILITATION,
PERCHES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY, CATCH STATISTICS, SOLIDS, CLIMATIC CHANGES, LAKE
REHABILITATION.
ABSTRACT:
A GENERAL REVIEW IS GIVEN OF THE FISHERIES STATUS OF THE GREAT LAKES IN
REGARD TO THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES. THERE HAS BEEN A SHIFT
IN THE CATCH FROM HIGH VALUE FISH TO LOW VALUE FISH, SUCH AS YELLOW
PERCH AND WHITE BASS. TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS HAVE INCREASED 50 PPM
DURING THE PAST 50 YEARS. WATER TEMPERATURES HAVE INCREASED 20F SINCE
1920 DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGES. DEGRADATION OF THE OXYGEN REGIME HAS
ALTERED THE POPULATIONS OF BOTTOM ORGANISMS, WHICH WERE VALUABLE AS
FISH FOOD. THE POUNDAGE OF FISH TAKEN HAS MAINTAINED ITSELF, BUT THE
SPECIES SHIFT HAS REDUCED THE VALUE OF THE CATCH. DDT VALUES ARE BELOW
5 PPM, BUT MERCURY CONTAMINATION IS SERIOUS. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
OF LAKE ERIE ARE REGARDED AS COMPLEX AND DISCOURAGING.
(KATZ-WASHINGTON)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-09387
168
-------
LAKE ERIE ALIVE BUT CHANGING,
MICHIGAN UNIV., ANN ARBOR. GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIV.
DEAN E. ARNOLD.
THE CONSERVATIONIST, VOL. 25, NO. 3, P. 23-30, DEC. - JAN 1970-71, 3 FIGURES,
I
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *POLLUTION ABATMENT, ^FISHERIES, LAKE ERIE.
i • • .
IDENTIFIERS:
DETROIT RIVER, MAUMEE RIVER.
ABSTRACT:
THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES THE PROBLEMATIC ECOLOGICAL SITUATION INTO WHICH
••:• LAKE ERIE>HAS EVOLVED, THE CAUSES OF THIS CONDITION, THE EFFECTS OF IT
: ANDvTHE POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS. THE FISHERIES INDUSTRY IS A MAJOR FOCUS OF
THE ARTICLE, SUGGESTING WAYS FOR BRINGING IT BACK TO THE LAKE AS WELL
AS A DETAILED EXAMINATION OF WHAT SPECIES OF FISH HAVE BEEN ELIMINATED
FROM LAKE ERIE AND WHAT NEW SPECIES HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED. THE AUTHOR
CONCLUDES THAT 'IF CHANGES OF SOME SORT ARE NOT MADE IN MAN'S USE AND
MISUSE OF THE LAKE ERIE RESOURCE, HE WILL LOSE IT ENTIRELY.'
(HOLMES-RUTGERS)
FIELD 05B
ACCESSION NO. W71-09409
169
-------
PHYTOPLANKTON DYNAMICS AND PRODUCTIVITY IN A SHALLOWt HIGHLY EUTROPHIC LAKE;
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MELOSIRA AMBIGUA (GRUN.) 0. MULL. AND M. GRANULATA
(EHR.) RALFSt
WISCONSIN UNIV., MADISON. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
WILLIAM E. SLOEY.
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THESIS, DEPT OF BOTANY, UNIVERSITY OF
WISCONSIN-MILWAUKEE, 1969, 162 P, 22 FIG, 6 TAB, 126 REF. OWRR PROJECT
A-011-WIS(2).
DESCRIPTORS:
*.PHYTOPLANKTON, *DIATOMS, *TURBULENCE, *AQUATIC PLANTS, *WATER
TEMPERATURE, *DISSOLVED OXYGEN, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS, *LAKE, *WATER
CHEMISTRY, WISCONSIN, *EUTROPHICATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*POPULATION DYNAMICS, *MELOSIRA GRANULATA (EHR) RALFS, *M AMBIGUA
(GRUN) 0 MULL, THERMA1 STABILITY, SECCHI DISC TRANSPARENCIES, NITRATE
VARIATION, PHOSPHATE VARIATION, CARBON-14 PRODUCTIVITY, STEPHANODISCUS
• NIAGARAE EHR, S HANTZSCHII GRUN, ANABAENA, MICROCYSTIS, APHANIZOMENON.
ABSTRACT:
THE PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATION DYNAMICS, CARBON-14 PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
AND CERTAIN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SHALLOW AND HIGHLY
EUTROPHIC LAKE BUTTE DES MORTS, WISCONSIN WAS STUDIED IN 1966-69. TWO
CO-DOMINANT SUMMER DIATOMS, MELOSIRA GRANULATA (EHR.) RALFS AMD M.
AMBIGUA (GRUN.) 0. MULL., WIDELY RECOGNIZED AS INDICATORS OF EUTROPHY,
WERE EMPHASIZED IN THE STUDY. PERIODICITIES OF OTHER PLANKTON1C MEMBERS
OF THE GENUS MELOSIRA HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE RELATED PRIMARILY TO WATER
TURBULENCE, AND PERENNATION IS DUE TO SURVIVAL AS VEGETATIVE CELLS IN
THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS DURING PERIODS OF THERMAL STABILITY. LAKE BUTTE
DES MORTS IS A PORTION OF THE LARGER WINNEBAGO POOL AND HAS AN AREA OF
37.79 SQUARE KILOMETERS, A MEAN DEPTH OF 1.42 METERS, AND A THEORETICAL
RETENTION TIME OF ONLY 2 TO 14 DAYS. THE TROPHIC STATE OF THE LAKE IS
COMPARABLE TO WESTERN LAKE ERIE AND THE LAKE IS PRESENTLY UNDERGOING A
SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES AND TURBIDITY IS INCREASING.
THERMAL STABILITY WAS FOUND TO BE TEMPORARY DURING OPEN WATER PERIODS
AND OCCURRED ONLY DURING CALM CONDITIONS. THE WATER QUALITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LAKE WERE EVALUATED IN TERMS OF WATER
TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, SECCHI DISC TRANSPARENCIES, DISSOLVED
SOLIDS, NITRATE, AND PHOSPHATE VARIATION DURING SEASONAL CHANGES. BOTH
MELOSIRA AMBIGUA AND M. GRANULATA WERE FOUND ALIVE IN THE BOTTOM
SEDIMENTS TO DEPTHS OF 7 CENTIMETERS* WHILE FEW OTHER FORMS SURVIVED AT
ANY DEPTH. TEMPERATURE IS THE DOMINANT FACTOR APPARENTLY REGULATING
POPULATION GROWTH RATES OF THESE TWO SPECIES AND DATA FROM THE STUDY
AND FROM THE LITERATURE WERE COLLECTED TO CHARACTERIZE THESE SPECIES.
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-09561
170
-------
DOM SUED BY ONTARIO FOR POLLUTION DAMAGE.
CHEMICAL WEEK, VOL. 108* NO. 12, P. 12, MARCH 24, 1971.
DESCRIPTORS:
*HEAVY METALS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *JURISDICTION, *LAKE ERIE,
STANDARDS, CHLORINE, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY, DOW CHEMICAL OF CANADA, ONTARIO, *ST. CLAIR RIVER, *DETROIT
RIVER.
ABSTRACT:
THE ONTARIO GOVERNMENT'S $25 MILLION MERCURY POLLUTION SUIT AGAINST DOW
CHEMICAL OF CANADA MAY SET A PRECEDENT IN INSTANCES WHERE INDUSTRY
ALLEGEDLY DESPOILS THE ENVIRONMENT. IN ADDITION, THE SUIT ASKS THAT DOW
RENDER HARMLESS THE MERCURY SEDIMENTS ON THE BOTTOM OF ST. CLAIR AND
DETROIT RIVERS, LAKE ST. CLAIR AND LAKE ERIE OR PAY THE PROVINCE AN
ADDITIONAL $10 MILLION FOR DREDGING THE BOTTOM. THE NEW FEDERAL
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT FOR RENEWABLE RESOURCES SAID THAT IT WILL
REQUIRE FOR ALL PLANTS A MAXIMUM DISCHARGE OF 0.005 LB. MERCURY/TON OF
CHLORINE BY SEPTEMBER 1, 1971, AND BY THE END OF THE YEAR LIMITATION TO
THE NATURAL BACKGROUND. IT IS REPORTED THAT DOW HAS REDUCED ITS RELEASE
TO 0.0009 LB. OF MERCURY/TON CHLORINE. (OLESZKIEWICZ-VANDERBILT)
FIELD 05C, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-09784
171
-------
SOME FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CEOLINE OF THE LAKE ERIE COMMERCIAL FISHING
INDUSTRY IN OHIOt
TOLEDO UNIV., OHIO.
I
DONALD W. LEWIS.
IN: PROCEEDINGS, TWELFTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, ANN ARBOR,
BRAUN-BRUMFIELD, INC, 1969, P 834-842.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *FISHING, *ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, TIME, COSTS, ECONOMIC
EFFICIENCY, TECHNOLOGY, POPULATION, SALTING, CAPITAL COSTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*POLITICAL FACTORS, *BIOLOGICAL FACTORS, REAL VALUE OF CATCH, STORAGE,
FREEZING.
ABSTRACT:
THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DECLINE OF THE COMMERCIAL FISHING
INDUSTRY ON LAKE ERIE IN OHIO ARE CONSIDERED. THE REAL VALUE OF THE
FISHING CATCH IS USED AS A MEASURE OF THE STATE OF THE INDUSTRY. AN
ANALYSIS OF THE TIMING PLACES THE START OF THE DECLINE ABOUT 1943. THE
ADVERSE EFFECT OF THE CHANGING FISH POPULATION IS CONSIDERED A FACTOR,
ALTHOUGH THIS IS THOUGHT TO BE ONE OF THE LESSER CAUSES. COMPETITION
FOR THE OHIO INDUSTRY IS CATEGORIZED AS LARGELY BETWEEN SPORTSMEN AND
THE ONTARIO COMMERCIAL INDUSTRY. PROBLEMS OF COMPETITIVE LABOR COSTS,
LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, PERMISSIVE REGULATION, AND STAGNANT TECHNOLOGY ARE
ALSO CITED. THE INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE IS CHARACTERIZED AS WEAK AND
MARKET COMPETITION FROM NON-FISH PROTEIN SOURCES AND FRESHWATER FISHERY
PRODUCTS'IS INDICATED AS A STRONG FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO THE DECLINE.
THE CONCLUDING REMARKS BLAME ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS FOR THE
DECLINE OF THE INDUSTRY, IN WHICH BIOLOGICAL FACTORS HAVE ALSO
CONTRIBUTED A NOTICEABLE DELETERIOUS EFFECT. (MURPHY-RUTGERS)
FIELD 06B
ACCESSION NO. W71-09897
172
-------
ATMOSPHERIC CONTROLS OF WATER EXCHANGE IN GREAT LAKES BASIN,
ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY* URBANA.
STANLEY A. CHANGNON>, JR.
WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN. VOL 7, NO 3, P 473-483, JUN 1971. 11 P, 7 FIG, 19
REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER BALANCE, *GREAT LAKES REGION, ^METEOROLOGY, *WEATHER
MODIFICATION, *EVAPORAT ION, PRECIPITATION!ATMOSPHERIC), SNOWFALL, CLOUD
SEEDING, AIR POLLUTION, REGIONAL ANALYSIS, URBANIZATION, CITIES,
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE, SYNOPTIC ANALYSIS.
ABSTRACT:
EXISTING METEOROLOGICAL CONTROLS OF WATER EXCHANGE BY PRECIPITATION AND
EVA-PORATION ON THE GREAT LAKES ARE ALMOST ENTIRELY INADVERTENT AND
RELATED TO MAN'S URBAN-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES AND THEIR EFFECT UPON
PRECIPITATION PROCESSES. THESE INADVERTENT EFFECTS HAVE LED TO 10 TO
40* INCREASES IN PRECIPITATION IN LOCALIZED AREAS WITHIN THE BASIN.
ENVISIONED GROWTH OF URBAN-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES WITHIN THE GREAT LAKES
REGION SHOULD LEAD TO MORE INADVERTENT WEATHER MODIFICATION IN THE
BASIN. THE ONLY EXISTING PLANNED WEATHER MODIFICATION EFFORTS ARE THOSE
AT LAKE ERIE WHICH ARE ATTEMPTING TO ELIMINATE BY REDISTRIBUTION THE
CONCENTRATION OF LAKE-DERIVED HEAVY SNOWFALL ALONG THE SOUTH SHORE.
PRACTICAL INCREASES OF LAKE PRECIPITATION ON THE ORDER OF 5-20* COULD
BE ACHIEVED ON AN OPERATIONAL BASIS OVER THE GREAT LAKES IN THE NEXT 10
YEARS, BUT THE TIME OF ACCOMPLISHMENT WILL DEPEND ON NATIONAL
PRIORITIES, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, AND ECONOMIC FACTORS. THESE
ACTIVITIES MIGHT PRODUCE A SIZEABLE INCREASE IN THE WATER QUANTITY OF
THE GREAT LAKES AND SHOULD RESULT IN AN IMPROVEMENT OF WATER QUALITY.
OPERATIONAL METHODS OF EVAPORATION SUPPRESSION APPLICABLE TO THE LAKES
ARE NOT AVAILABLE. METEOROLOGICAL CONTROLS TO AMELIORATE CERTAIN
UNDESIRABLE LAKE-EFFECT SNOWSTORMS ARE A NEAR REALITY. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 03B, 026, 02D
ACCESSION NO. W71-10026
173
-------
ADSORPTION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES BY MICROBIAL FLOC AND LAKE
SEDIMENT AND ITS ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONSt
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY.
WALTER 0. LESHNIOWSKY, PATRICK R. DUGAN, ROBERT M. PFISTERt JAMES I. FREA,
AND CHESTER I. RANDLES.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 611-618, 1970. 5 FIG, 18 REF. OWRR
PROJECT NO B-013-OHIO(3).
DESCRIPTORS:
*ADSORPTION, *ORGANIC PESTICIDES, *SEDIMENTS, LAKES, *CHLORINATED
HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES, AEROBIC BACTERIA, LAKE ERIE, ALDRIN,
FLOCCULATION, PATH OF POLLUTANTS, TOXICITY, LABORATORY TESTS, SILTS,
CLAYS, MICROORGANISMS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MICROBIAL FLOC.
• ABSTRACT:
THE FATE OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES IN THE WATER COLUMN AND
THEIR ADSORPTION TO SILT AND FLOC FORMING BACTERIA WAS STUDIED. OF 38
AEROBIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LAKE ERIE, 14 FORMED FLOCS IN AT LEAST
ONE OF SIX DIFFERENT MEDIA. TWO OF THESE FLOC FORMERS AND LAKE SILT
WERE EXAMINED BY GAS LIQUID CHROMOTOGRAPHY TO DETERMINE THEIR ABILITY
TO ACCUMULATE AND CONCENTRATE ALDRIN FROM SOLUTION. BACTERIAL FLOCS
ADSORBED ALDRIN FROM SOLUTION GIVING A 625X CONCENTRATION FACTOR WITHIN
20 MINUTES WITH NO FURTHER CONCENTRATION WITH TIME. MICROSCOPIC
EXAMINATION OF CONTEMPORARY LAKE ERIE SEDIMENT SAMPLES INDICATED THAT
SEDIMENT' ADSORPTION OF ALDRIN WAS SIMILAR TO BACTERIAL FLOCS; SEDIMENTS
REVEALED A CONGLOMERATE OF BACTERIA, DIATOMS, INORGANIC AND DETRITAL
PARTICULATES. FLOC FORMING MICROBES SETTLING FROM A WATER COLUMN REMOVE
PESTICIDES AND REPRESENT A NATURAL PURIFICATION PROCESS. ONCE SETTLED
FROM SUSPENSION THE FATE OF PESTICIDES IS IN QUESTION, BUT THEY MAY BE
DEGRADED UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS. IT IS LIKELY THAT PESTICIDE
CONCENTRATIONS IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS EVEN FOR SHORT PERIODS EXERT AN
INSECTICIDAL EFFECT ON SUSCEPTIBLE FAUNA, WHICH MAY EXPLAIN THE
DISAPPEARANCE OF CERTAIN INSECTS (MAYFLIES) FROM LAKE ERIE AND THE
PERSISTENCE OR INCREASE OF OTHER INSECTS AND ORGANISMS.
(JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-10065
174
-------
OHIO V WYANDOTTE CHEMICALS CORP (SUPREME COURT DECLINES ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
OVER WATER POLLUTION COMPLAINT BY STATE) t
91 SUP CT 1005-1017 (1971). 13 P.
t
DESCRIPTORS:
*QHIO, *WATER POLLUTIONf *HEAVY METALSt *FEDERAL JURISDICTION,
CHEM-CONTROL, CHEMICAL WASTES, STATE JURISDICTION, POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, LAKE ERIE, STREAMS, LEGAL ASPECTS, JUDICIAL
DECISIONS, ADJUDICATION PROCEDURE, REMEDIES.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF STATE, SEEKING TO INVOKE THE ORIGINAL JURISDICTION OF THE
UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT MOVED FOR LEAVE TO FILE A COMPLAINT AGAINST
DEFENDANT CHEMICAL COMPANIES. DEFENDANTS WERE ALLEGED TO HAVE
DISCHARGED MERCURY INTO STREAMS WHICH ULTIMATELY REACH LAKE ERIE,
THEREBY CONTAMINATING PLANTIFFS1 ENVIRONMENT. THE ACTION WAS FOR
ABATEMENT OF A PUBLIC NUISANCE. THE SUPREME COURT ACKNOWLEDGED ITS
JURISDICTION OVER THE CONTROVERSY, BUT HELD THAT IT MIGHT DECLINE TO
ENTERTAIN A COMPLAINT BROUGHT BY A STATE AGAINST CITIZENS OF ANOTHER
STATE^ONLY WHERE: «1) REFUSING JURISDICTION WOULD NOT CONFLICT WITH THE
POLICIES UNDERLYING THE ARTICLE III JURISDICTIONAL GRANT, AND (2) THE
REASONS FOR REFUSING JURISDICTION ARE CONSISTENT WITH THE COURT'S OTHER
RESPONSIBILITIES. PLAINTIFF'S MOTION WAS DENIED. THE COURT NOTED THAT
NO SERIOUS FEDERAL QUESTION WAS RAISED, AND THAT PLAINTIFF COULD OBTAIN
JURISDICTION OVER DEFENDANTS IN ITS OWN COURTS AND DECIDE THE QUESTION
ON THE SAME NUISANCE BASIS. FURTHERMORE, THE COURT BELIEVED THE PROBLEM
MORE PROPERLY SOLVED BY COOPERATIVE STUDY AND CONCILIATORY ACTION BY
VARIOUS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES. THE ABSENCE OF EXPERTISE IN POLLUTION
MATTERS WAS NOTED AS A SERIOUS DETERRENT TO ADEQUATE ADJUDICATION IN
THE SUPREME COURT. (HART-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-10153
175
-------
ORGANIC CARBON AND NITROGEN IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF LAKES ONTARIOf ERIE,
AND HURON,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
CENTER FOR INLAND. WATERS.
A. L. W. KEMP.
JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY PETROLOGY, VOL 41, NO 2, P 537-548, JUNE 1971. 12 P, 5
FIG, 4 TAB, 49 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ORGANIC MATTER, *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *GREAT LAKES, WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, BIODEGRADATION, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, MUD,
NITROGEN, SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACES, MUD-WATER INTERFACES, PATH OF
POLLUTANTS, WATER CHEMISTRY, BENTHOS, SURVEYS, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION.
ABSTRACT:
ANALYSES OF 355 SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLES (TOP CM) FROM LAKES ONTARIO,
ERIE AND HURON WERE CARRIED OUT FOR ORGANIC CARBON, CARBONATE CARBON,
EH, PH, NITROGEN AND SEDIMENT TEXTURE. SIMILAR ANALYSES WERE CARRIED
OUT ON A REPRESENTATIVE CORE FROM EACH LAKE AT CLOSE INTERVALS DOWN TO
20 CM. THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE SEDIMENTS OF EACH LAKE
WAS RELATED TO THE TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE LAKES. ORGANIC CARBON
CONTENT WAS FOUND TO BE DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE CLAY CONTENT OF
THE SEDIMENT, RANGING FROM LESS THAN 1? IN THE COARSE NEAR SHORE SANDS
TO OVER 4S IN THE FINE CLAY MUDS WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL LAKE SUB-BASINS.
THE ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT OF LAKE ERIE SEDIMENTS WAS GENERALLY LOWER
THAN THAT OF LAKES HURON AND ONTARIO, AND IS ATTRIBUTED TO DILUTION OF
THE SEDIMENTS WITH COARSER NON-CLAY PARTICLES. NITROGEN WAS DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO ORGANIC CARBON WITH CARBON-NITROGEN RATIOS RANGING FROM
7 TO 13'IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENT. ORGANIC CARBON AND NITROGEN DECREASED
SHARPLY FROM THE SURFACE DOWN TO ABOUT 10 CM IN EACH CORE. THE DECREASE
IS DUE PARTLY TO MINERALIZATION OF ORGANIC MATTER BY BOTTOM ORGANISMS
AND PARTLY TO AN INCREASING INPUT OF ORGANIC MATTER TO THE LAKES IN THE
LAST 30 YEARS. (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 05A, 05B, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-10327
176
-------
NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENT BUDGETS IN THE BAY OF QUINTEf LAKE ONTARIO,
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO.
M. G. JOHNSON, AND G. E. OWEN.
JOURNAL OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION, VOL 43, NO 5, P 836-853, 1971.
8 FIG, 7 TAB, 37 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*NUTRIENTS, *LAKE ONTARIO, *EUTROPHICATION," LAKE ERIE, ALGAE, NITROGEN,
PHOSPHORUS, DRAINAGE, INDUSTRIES, MUNICIPAL WASTES, TURNOVERS,
SEDIMENTS, HUMAN POPULATION, TOURISM, WATERSHEDS(BASINS), TROPHIC
LEVELS, TURBIDITY, OXYGEN, FISH, RECREATION, INVERTEBRATES, RIVERS,
CYANOPHYTA, GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS, BENTHOS, MAYFLIES, TUBIFICIDS,
DIATOMS, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, DISSOLVED
OXYGEN, CARBON, SAMPLING, EQUATIONS, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, RAINFALL,
MID-GES, INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS, MUD, BACTERIA.
IDENTIFIERS:
*NUTRlENT BUDGETS, *BAY OF QUINTE(ONTARIO), NUTRIENT INPUTS, CHIRONOMUS
PLUMOSUS, CHIRONOMUS ATTENTUATUS, CHIRONOMUS ANTHRACINUS, LIMNODRILUS
HOFFMEISTERI, TUBIFEX TUBIFEX, APHANIZOMENON, CLADOPHORA.
ABSTRACT:
ALGAL BLOOMS, TURBIDITY, DEPLETION OF DEEP-WATER OXYGEN, AND CHANGES IN
COMPOSITION OF THE BIOTA ARE INCREASINGLY OBVIOUS IN BAY OF OUINTE,
LAKE ONTARIO. CLARIFICATION OF RESPECTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF NUTRIENT
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM TRIBUTARY RIVERS AND FROM MUNICIPAL-INDUSTRIAL
SOURCES ARE DESCRIBED. THE BAY RECEIVED ABOUT 9,700,000 POUNDS OF
NITROGEN AND 700,000 POUNDS OF PHOSPHORUS IN 1968. 89* OF THE NITROGEN
AND 60S'OF THE PHOSPHORUS WERE ATTRIBUTABLE TO LAND DRAINAGE AND THE
REMAINDER TO MUN 1CIPAL-INDUSTRIAL SOURCES. COMPARISONS BASED ON 'NET
INPUTS', THE AMOUNT OF NUTRIENT CONTAINED IN AN INPUT IN EXCESS OF THE
AMOUNT OF NUTRIENT IN THE EQUIVALENT VOLUME OF WATER DISPLACED AT THE
OUTLET, ARE PROPOSED. ABOUT 502 OF THE 'NET INPUT' OF NITROGEN AND 85$
OF PHOSPHORUS WERE CONTRIBUTED BY MUNICIPAL-INDUSTRIAL SOURCES IN 1968.
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT PHOSPHORUS BE REMOVED FROM THESE SOURCES. THE
WATER TURNOVER RATE IN THE BAY, FIVE TIMES ANNUALLY, TRANSLOCATES
RESUSPENDED NUTRIENTS IN SEDIMENTS OF THE INNER BAY SHALLOW WATERS TO
SEDIMENTS IN DEEPER WATERS OF THE OUTER BAY AND LAKE ONTARIO, THUS
IMPROVING WATER QUALITY. ESTIMATED PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL COST, $200,000
DOLLARS/YEAR, IS JUSTIFIED ON THE BASIS OF ECONOMICS INCOME FROM
RECREATION AND TOURISM. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-11009
177
-------
RATIONALEt BACKGROUND, AND DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL LAKE STUDIES IN
NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO,
FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, WINNIPEG (MANITOBA). FRESHWATER INST.
I
W. E. JOHNSON, AND J. R. VALLENTYNE.
JOURNAL FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, VOL 28, NO 2, P 123-128, 1971. 1
FIG, 11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKES, ""INVESTIGATIONS, *EUTROPHICATION, DATA COLLECTIONS, ECOLOGY,
NUTRIENTS, POLLUTANTS, REMEDIES, POPULATION, CLIMATES, GEOLOGY,
TOXICITY, BIOASSAY, SEDIMENTS, OLIGOTROPHY, LAKE ERIE, FISH, LIMNOLOGY,
ECOSYSTEMS, PRODUCTIVITY, TROPHIC LEVEL, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER
POLLUTION CONTROL, CLASSIFICATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO, *EXPERIMENTAL LAKES AREA, CANADIAN LAKES,
MORPHOMETRY, MESOTROPHIC, MANITOBA, CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION, NATURAL
EUTROPHICATION.
ABSTRACT:
THIS SUMMARIZES THE NECESSITY FOR EXPERIMENTAL LAKE STUDIES AND
OUTLINES THE PROGRAM PLANNED FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL LAKES AREA OF
NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO. THE HISTORY, GEOLOGY, GENERAL DESCRIPTION, AND
REASONS FOR CHOOSING THESE LAKES IS GIVEN. SMALL NATURAL LAKES OCCUPY A
POSITION IN LIMNOLOGY ANALOGOUS TO THAT OF TRIAL FIELD PLOTS USED IN
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, THAT IS, A MEANS OF ASSESSING EFFECTS ON A
REDUCED SCALE. TO DEAL EFFECTIVELY WITH SUCH COMPLEX PROBLEMS AS
EUTROPHICATION, DETAILED INFORMATION ON ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES TO
ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATIONS CAN ONLY BE PROVIDED BY FIELD TESTS.
FORTY-SIX LAKES WERE CHOSEN TO SERVE FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF
CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION BY EXPERIMENTATION INVOLVING CONTROLLED
ADDITIONS OF CHEMICAL NUTRIENTS AND TESTING OF REMEDIAL MEASURES. OTHER
NEARBY LAKES ARE BEING STUDIED IN THEIR NATURAL CONDITION AS CONTROLS.
WITH THE INCREASING COMPLEXITY OF WATER POLLUTION PROBLEMS IN MODERN
SOCIETY, NEED FOR CONTROLLED STUDIES IN AREAS FREE FROM PUBLIC AND
INDUSTRIAL INTERFERENCES INCREASES. THE USE OF SMALL ISOLATED LAKES FOR
EXPERIMENTAL PURPOSES WILL IMMEASURABLY ENHANCE OUR KNOWLEDGE OF LAKES
AND EFFICACY OF SPECIFIC POLLUTION ABATEMENT MEASURES.
(JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-11011
178
-------
WASTEWATER LOADING GUIDELINES FOR THE GRAND RIVER BASIN.
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO.
ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION! CANADAt INTERIM REPORTt JANUARY 1971. 1
FIG, 1 TAB, APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WASTE WATER(POLLUTION)t *WASTE ASSIMILATION CAPACITY, *ORGANIC LOADS,
NUTRIENTS, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, AQUATIC LIFE, MUNICIPAL WASTES,
PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION, WATER QUALITY," STREAMFLOW, AGRICULTURE,
INDUSTRIES, WASTE TREATMENT, WATERSHEDS(BASINS), PHOSPHORUS, ALGAE,
ORGANIC MATTER, LAKE ERIE, EFFLUENTS, SEWAGE, DETERGENTS, PLANTS, LAND
USE, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, FISHERIES, RESERVOIRS, PIPELINES,
ESTIMATING, ANALYSIS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LOADING GUIDELINES, *GRAND RIVER BASIN(ONTARIO), CANADA, BUFFER
CAPACITY.
ABSTRACT:
IN CONSIDERING WATER QUALITY OF THE GRAND RIVER BASIN, ONTARIO,
ACCEPTABLE LOADINGS, BASED ON THE NEW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CRITERIA ADAPTED
BY ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION IN 1970, UPGRADE THE MINIMUM
DISSOLVED OXYGEN LEVEL FROM 4.0 TO 5.0 MG/L IN ALL STREAMS EXCEPT THOSE
SUPPORTING COLDWATER FISHERIES WHERE MINIMUM DISSOLVED OXYGEN CRITERIA
IS 6.0 MG/LITER. AS A RESULT, PREVIOUSLY ACCEPTABLE WASTE DISCHARGES
NOW EXCEED PRESENT LOADING GUIDELINES. THE PHOSPHORUS INPUT, CONSIDERED
THE CONTROLLING .NUTRIENT IN ALGAL PRODUCTION, FROM THE MUNICIPAL SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANTS IS ESTIMATED AS 70* TO 80* OF THE TOTAL ANNUAL INPUT
Of: THIS NUTRIENT INTO THE BASIN. REDUCTION OF NUTRIENT AND ORGANIC
LOADINGS ARE REQUIRED FOR WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND PROTECTION OF
LAKE ERIE. ALTERNATIVES, INCLUDING EFFLUENT POLISHING AND STREAMFLOW
AUGMENTATION, WHICH CAN BE UTILIZED TO INCREASE THE POTENTIAL VARIOUS
RIVER USES, WHILE REDUCING POLLUTION PRESSURES ARE CONSIDERED. IN
MAKING ESTIMATES OF ACCEPTABLE ORGANIC LOADINGS, THE WATERSHED WAS
DIVIDED INTO EIGHT SUB-BASINS. THE LOADINGS FOR EACH SUB-BASIN,
EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF FIVE-DAY BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND FROM TREATMENT
SOURCES, WERE DETERMINED ON BASIC ASSUMPTIONS, DISSOLVED OXYGEN
CRITERIA, DESIGN STREAMFLOWS, AND EXISTING WASTEWATER LOADINGS. RESULTS
ARE TABULATED; DETAILS APPENDED. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 06B
ACCESSION NO. W71-11017
179
-------
DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES BY NEUTRON
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS*
WESTERN NEW YORK NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTER, INC., BUFFALO.
K. K. SIVASANKARA PILLAY, CHARLES C. THOMAS, JR., JAMES A. SONDEL, AND
CAROLYN M. HYCHE.
TPYESCRIPT; PRESENTED AT 161ST NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY AT LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, MARCH 31, 1971.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SAMPLING, *ENVIRONMENT, *NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, RADIOACTIVITY,
ADSORPTION, FISH, LAKE ERIE, SEDIMENTS, SILTS, PLANKTON, ALGAE, TRACE
ELEMENTS, VOLATILITY, FREEZE DRYING, X-RAYS, ELECTROLYSIS, COMPUTER
PROGRAMS, GAMMA RAYS, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION, COLORIMETRY, TRACERS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY, *BIOLOGICAL TISSUES, MERCURY ISOTOPES, HUMAN BRAIN,
LOW-TEMPERATURE OVEN'DRYING, ASHING, EXTRACTIVE DIGESTION,
NEUROANATOMY, OXYGEN PLASMA ASHING, ATOMIC ABSORPTION, TITRATION.
ABSTRACT:
THE MINUTE QUANTITIES AND VOLATILE NATURE OF MERCURY CREATES PROBLEMS
IN SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS. OF VARIOUS MERCURY DETERMINATION PROCEDURES,
ONLY A LIMITED NUMBER CAN BE READILY ADAPTED TO BIOLOGICAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING FOR MONITORING. THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES WERE
DEVELOPED FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF THE MERCURY POLLUTION OF LAKE ERIE
AND ITS AQUATIC LIFE. PRE-IRRADIATION PROCESSING OF SAMPLES HAS BEEN
SYSTEMATICALLY INVESTIGATED. AFTER REACTOR IRRADIATION, THE SAMPLES ARE
WET ASHED WITH MERCURY CARRIER UNDER REFLUX CONDITIONS. A PRELIMINARY
SULFIDE'PRECIPITATION IS FOLLOWED BY FURTHER PURIFICATION AND EVENTUAL
ISOLATION OF MERCURY BY ELECTRODEPOSITION OR BY PRECIPITATION AS
MERCURIC OXIDE. THE RADIOACTIVITIES FROM MERCURY-197 AND MERCURY-197-M
ISOTOPES ARE MEASURED BY SCINTILLATION GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETRY USING A
THIN SODIUM IODIDE DETECTOR TO DETERMINE THE MERCURY LEVELS IN VARIOUS
SAMPLES. THESE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE RESULTS ARE COMPARED WITH OTHER
TECHNIQUES. TRACER STUDIES INDICATED THAT THE ERRORS OF THIS PROCEDURE
WERE LESS THAN 15* AT 0.01 PPM LEVEL AND LESS THAN 5% AT 2 PPM LEVEL OF
MERCURY IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUES. ANALYSIS OF FISH SAMPLES AND SEDIMENTS
SAMPLES CONTAINING NATURAL FORMS OF MERCURY SHOWED A STANDARD DEVIATION
OF LESS THAN 5% AT 5 PPM LEVELS, LESS THAN 7* AT 1.5 PPM LEVELS AND
LESS THAN 17? AT 0.01 PPM LEVELS. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05B, 07B
ACCESSION NO. W71-11036
180
-------
A VISUAL DEMONSTRATION OF THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SEWAGE TREATMENT FOR
PHOSPHATE REMOVAL ON PARTICULATE MATTER PRODUCTION IN WATERS OF LAKES ERIE
AND ONTARIOt
FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADAt WINNIPEG (MANITOBA). FRESHWATER INST.;
AND ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, TORONTO.
J. R. VALLENTYNE, W. E. JOHNSONt AND A. J. HARRIS.
JOURNAL OF THE FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, VOL 27, NO 8, P 1493-1496,
AUGUST 1970. 1 FIG, 1 TAB, 5 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEWAGE TREATMENT, *PHOSPHATES, *EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION
CONTROL, SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, AQUATIC ALGAE, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO,
NUTRIENTS, NITROGEN, FILTRATION, MICROSCOPY, INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
DETERGENTS, AMMONIA, NITRITES, NITRATES.
IDENTIFIERS:
ORTHOPHOSPHATES.
• ABSTRACT:
A PROGRAM TO CONTROL EUTHROPHICATION IN LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO BY
DECREASING THE SUPPL-Y OF PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS HAS BEEN DEVELOPED. THIS
STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF REMOVING PHOSPHATE FROM
SEWAGE ON ALGAL GROWTH. FILTERED SAMPLES OF RAW SEWAGE, BIOLOGICALLY
TREATED SEWAGE, AND SEWAGE TREATED CHEMICALLY FOR PHOSPHATE REMOVAL
WERE ADDED TO UNFILTERED WATERS FROM LAKES ERIE AND ONTARIO, AND
PARTICULATE RESIDUES (PR) ON MILLIPORE FILTERS PHOTOGRAPHED AFTER
INCUBATION IN LIGHT FOR 10 AND 30 DAYS. PR LEVELS IN THE
SEWAGE-ENRICHED FLASKS WERE LEAST IN THE CASE OF SEWAGE TREATED FOR
REMOVAL 'OF PHOSPHATES. ADDITION OF PHOSPHATE TO THE PHOSPHATE-DEPLETED
EFFLUENT INCREASED ITS PR GENERATING ABILITY TO THAT OF RAW AND
BIOLOGICALLY TREATED SEWAGE. THE REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATES FROM SEWAGE
WASTES THUS APPEARS TO ELIMINATE THEIR FERTILIZING EFFECT.
(MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05C, 05D, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-11507
181
-------
LAKE ERIE PHYSICAL LIMNOLOGY CRUISE* MIDSUMMER 1967,
OHIO DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES, COLUMBUS. DIV. OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
CHARLES E. HERDENDORF.
OHIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS NO. 79, 1970. 77 P. 33 FIG,
13 TAB, 8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *LIMNOLOGY, OHIO, BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, HYDROGEN-ION
CONCENTRATION, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE, COLOR,
CHLORIDES, TURBIDITY, WATER TEMPERATURE, CURRENTS(WATER), WAVES(WATER),
WATER LEVELS, METEOROLOGICAL DATA, SAMPLING, IONS, WATER QUALITY,
WINDS, SEDIMENTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ST. CLAIR(MICHIGAN), DETROIT RIVER(MICHIGAN), NIAGARA RIVER(NEW
YORK).
ABSTRACT:
IN JULY AND AUGUST 1967 A CRUISE WAS UNDERTAKEN TO PROVIDE NEW
INFORMATION ON THE PHYSICAL LIMNOLOGY OF LAKE ERIE, WITH PARTICULAR
ATTENTION TO CIRCULATION PATTERNS AND TO CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN THE
QUALITY OF THE WATER AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE LAKE. THE OBJECTIVE OF
THE FIELD SURVEY WAS TO MEASURE SEVERAL PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF
LAKE ERIE WATER FROM ITS MAJOR INFLOW AT THE DETROIT RIVER TO OUTFLOW
IN THE NIAGARA RIVER. THIS WAS DONE BY MAKING THIRTEEN TRANSECTS ACROSS
LAKE ERIE AND ITS CONNECTING WATERWAYS. OBSERVATIONS OF WATER
PROPERTIES AND MOVEMENTS WERE MADE AT 110 STATIONS, AND IN MOST CASES
CONSISTED OF PROFILE MEASUREMENTS WITH READINGS AND SAMPLES TAKEN AT
VARIOUS'DEPTHS FROM SURFACE TO BOTTOM FROM ABOARD THE OHIO DIVISION OF
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH VESSEL, GS-1. THE PROPERTIES AND CONDITIONS
INVESTIGATED ON THE CRUISE WERE (1) WATER TEMPERATURE, (2) SPECIFIC
CONDUCTANCE, (3) WATER COLOR, (4) TRANSPARENCY, (5) HYDROGEN-ION
CONCENTRATION (PH), (6) DISSOLVED-OXYGEN CONTENT, (7) CHLORIDE-ION
CONCENTRATION, (8) TURBIDITY, (9) CURRENTS, (10) WAVES, (11) WATER
LEVELS, (12) METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS, (13) WATER DEPTH, AND
BOTTOM DEPOSITS. (MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05C, 05A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-11551
182
-------
MERCURY POISONING (OR) THE FISH YOU CATCH CAN KILL YOU.
FIELD AND STREAMt VOL 75, NO 3, P 44-45, 49-51, JULY 1970.
DESCRIPTORS:
*HEAVY METALSt *FISH, LAKE HURONt LAKE ERIEt ST. LAWRENCE RIVERt
COMMERCIAL FISHING, SPORT FISHING, TOXICITY.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ST. CLAIR, *ST. CLAIR RIVER, *MERCURY, DETROIT RIVER, WABIGOON
RIVER(CANADA), CLAY LAKE(CANADA), LAKE WINNIPEGJCANADA), SASKATCHEWAN
RIVER(CANADA), CEDAR LAKE(CANADA), HOWE SOUND(CANADA), LAKE ST.
FRANCIS(CANADA), BALL LAKE(CANADA), INDIAN LAKE(CANADA), GRASSY NARROWS
LAKE(CANADA), LOUNT LAKE(CANADA), SEPARATION LAKE(CANADA), UMFREVILLE
LAKE(CANADA), TETU LAKE(CANADA), SWAN LAKE(CANADA), EAGLENEST
LAKE(CANADA), CANADA, BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION.
ABSTRACT:
THE DISCOVERY IS TRACED OF MERCURY IN FISH IN LAKE ST. CLAIR AND IN
MANY OTHER LAKES AND'RIVERS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. THE
SOURCES, LEVELS, EFFECTS OF, AND REACTIONS TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF
MERCURY CONTAMINATION ARE ALSO REVIEWED. (LITTLE-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05B, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-11682
183
-------
MEASURING THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HEATED DISCHARGESt
LA SALLE COLL.» PHILADELPHIA, PA.
CHARLES B. WURTZ, AND JOHN S. PENNY.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN POWER CONFERENCE, VOL 31, P 344-349, 1969. 5 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*THERMAL POLLUTION, *STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *DATA PROCESSING, LAKE ERIE,
DIATOMS, SUSOUEHANNA RIVER(PENNSYLVANI A), WATER TEMPERATURE, FLORIDA,
SCHUYLKILL RIVER(PENNSYLVANIA), INVERTEBRATES, SAMPLING, BIOINDICATORS.
IDENTIFIERS:
LAKE ST. CROIX, MACROINVERTEBRATES, DATA INTERPRETATION.
ABSTRACT:
THERMAL EFFECTS IN AN EQUATIC HABITAT REPRESENT BUT ONE OF A
MULTIPLICITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. BIOLOGICAL STUDIES DIRECTED
TOWARD THE EFFECT OF "A HEATED DISCHARGE MUST INCLUDE SATISFACTORY
MEASUREMENTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE HABITAT IN RELATION TO
ALL MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. ANY OF SEVERAL SAMPLING AND
DATA-PROCESSING METHODS CAN BE USED TO SECURE ADEQUATE INFORMATION. THE
PARTICULAR METHOD EM-PLOYED SHOULD BE THE ONE WHERE MAXIMUM INFORMATION
IS SECURED AT- MINIMUM COST, WHICH IS TO SAY, BY THE LEAST
TIME-CONSUMING METHOD. IN THE AUTHORS' OPINION, THE MOST SATISFACTORY
APPROACH TO BIOLOGICAL STUDIES UNDER MOST CONDITIONS IS A STUDY BASED
ON THE TOTAL NUMBER OF MACRO INVERTEBRATE SPECIES FORMING THE RESIDENT
COMMUNITY. THE COLLECTED DATA SHOULD BE PROCESSED BY STANDARD
STATISTICAL METHODS AND THE RESULTS EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF THESE
STATISTICS. SUCH TERMS ARE MEANINGFUL DESCRIPTIVE TERMS AND CAN BE USED
FOR DIRECT COMPARISON WITH RESULTS FROM OTHER SURVEYS.
(MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-11899
184
-------
MAY BE INESCAPABLE—MEDDLESOME MERCURY.
SCIENCE NEMSt VOL 99* P 7, JANUARY 2* 1971. 1 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS: •
INDUSTRIAL HASTESt *PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY, *TOXICITY, LAKE ERIE,
PULP WASTES, COALS* OIL, FISH, FOOD CHAIN, DETERGENTS, TRACE ELEMENTS,
PATH OF POLLUTANTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY, LAKE ST. CLAIR, SAN JOAQUIN RIVER, HYDROCARBONS,
CHLORINE-ALKALI PLANTS, NTA.
ABSTRACT:
A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE SOURCES OF MERCURY IN THE ENVIRONMENT AMD OF
MEANS OF CONTROLLING MERCURY POLLUTION ARE PRESENTED. THE LARGEST
INDUSTRIAL USE OF MERCURY IS IN CHLORINE-ALKALI PLANTS, AND POLLUTION
FROM THIS SOURCE HAS BEEN LARGELY HALTED. OTHER SOURCES ARE MUCH MORE
DIFFICULT TO IDENTIFY AND CONTROL. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT ONE MEANS OF
CONTROLLING HUMAN INTAKE IS THROUGH CAREFUL SELECTION OF SMALLER
SPECIES OF FISH FOR FOOD SINCE MERCURY CONCENTRATES IN ORGANISMS UP THE
FOOD CHAIN. THERE HAS BEEN LITTLE RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF LOW-LEVEL
CHRONIC DOSES OF MERCURY AND LITTLE WORK ON POSSIBLE SYNERGISTIC
EFFECTS. IT IS KNOWN THAT THE TOXICITY OF METHYL MERCURY IS GREATLY
INCREASED ^COMBINATION WITH NTA. (MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05B, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-11910
185
-------
THE INFLUENCE OF SUSPENDED MICROSCOPIC SUBSTANCES ON THE METABOLIC ACTIVITIES
OF MICROORGANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR BIOLOGICAL ENRICHMENT OF WATERt
OHIO STATE UNIV.t COLUMBUS. WATER RESOURCES CENTER.
ROBERT M. PFISTER.
AVAILABLE FROM THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE AS PB-202 581t
$3.00 IN PAPER COPY* $0.95 IN MICROFICHE. WATER RESOURCES CENTER FINAL
REPORT, 1971. 125 P, 22 FIG, 10 TAB, 19 PHOTOS, 100 REF. OWRR A-006-OHIO(4),
DESCRIPTORS:
*SUSPENDED LOAD, *METABOLISM, *MICROORGANISMS, *CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON
PESTICIDES, WATER ANALYSIS, ALDRIN, LAKE ERIE, BACTERIA, ELECTRON
MICROSCOPY, FLOCCULATION, AQUATIC MICROORGANISMS, DIELDRIN, ECOLOGY,
WATER POLLUTION, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES, ADSORPTION,
SEDIMENTS, COLLOIDS, PSEUDOMONAS, SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, CARBOHYDRATES,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ACTIVATED CARBON, GROWTH RATES, ANALYTICAL
TECHNIQUES, PESTICIDES, WATER PURIFICATION, EUTROPHICAT ION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MICROSCOPIC SUBSTANCES, *BIOLOGICAL ENRICHMENT, GROWTH
CHARACTERISTICS, FLOCCULATED BACTERIA, MICROPARTICULATES.
ABSTRACT:
MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AND WATER POLLUTION, PARTICULATE SUSPENDED COLLOIDAL
MATERIAL IN THE WATER COLUMN OF LAKE ERIE HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED ON A
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL BASIS. VARIOUS INORGANIC AND
DETRITAL FRACTIONS HAVE BEEN CHARACTERIZED USING DIFFERENTIAL AND
GRADIENT.CENTRIFUGATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. THE
PARTICULATES ARE COMPRISED OF SUBSTANCES OF VARYING DENSITIES AND
SIZES; FRACTIONS EXERT AN INFLUENCE ON GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF
MICROORGANISMS. VARIOUS PESTICIDES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THESE FRACTIONS,
SUCH AS THE CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ENDRIN, ALDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, AND
LINDANE. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE INVOLVEMENT OF SUCH PESTICIDES IN THE
MICRO-ECOLOGY IS GREAT SINCE IT IS NOW KNOWN THAT MICROBIAL CELL
YIELDS, DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN PATTERNS OF SYNTHESIS ARE AFFECTED. THESE
FACTS STRONGLY SUGGEST THAT PRESENCE OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS IN
WATER SERIOUSLY ALTER MICROBIAL METABOLISM AND IN TURN AFFECT HIGHER
LIFE FORMS IN WAYS PRESENTLY NOT UNDERSTOOD. EXPERIMENTS ON REMOVAL OF
ALDRIN FROM LAKE WATER USING FLOCCULENT BACTERIA SHOWED THAT FLOC
FORMING BACTERIA ADSORBED AND CONCENTRATED ALDRIN FROM A COLLOIDAL
DISPERSION. THE SETTLING OF THE BACTERIAL FLOCS REMOVED THE CHEMICAL
FROM THE WATER PHASE. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-12064
186
-------
EUTROPHICATION AND THE CURRENT CONTROVERSY OVER ITS CAUSES AND CURES,
FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA, WINNIPEG (MANITOBA). FRESHWATER INST.
A. L. HAMILTON.
PRESENTED AT 22ND ANNUAL CONVENTION, WESTERN CANADA WATER AND SEWAGE
CONFERENCE, SEPTEMBER 23-25, 1970, HELD AT WINNIPEG, P 67-71, 1970. 1 FIG,
11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
POPULATION, INDUSTRIES, WASTE DISPOSAL, MONITORING, NUTRIENTS, ALGAE,
INSECTICIDES, HERBICIDES, HEAVY METALS, TASTE, ODOR, RECREATION,
PHOSPHORUS, CARBON, LAKE ERIE, DETERGENTS, LAKE ONTARIO, TERTIARY
TREATMENT, INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION.
IDENT-IFIERS:
MERCURY, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL, LAKE WASHINGTON!WASH).
ABSTRACT:
ACUTENESS OF THE WASTE DISPOSAL PROBLEM IS DUE TO BOTH POPULATION AND
INDUSTRIAL GROWTH. WASTES EMPTIED INTO AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS BELONG TO
TWO BROAD GROUPS: NUTRIENTS WHICH STIMULATE LIFE AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
DEPRESSING LI-FE. THE FIRST POLLUTANTS, GROWTH STIMULATORS, CONTRIBUTE
TO EUTROPHICATION, THE MAJOR SYMPTOMS OF WHICH ARE ACCUMULATION OF
ALGAE, REDUCED TRANSPARENCY, UNPLEASANT TASTE AND ODOR, OXYGEN
DEFICITS, AND REDUCTION IN RECREATION POTENTIAL. MAJORITY OF
LIMNOLOGISTS SUPPORT THE ARGUMENT THAT PHOSPHORUS IS THE KEY LIMITING
NUTRIENT AND ITS INPUT TO LAKES CAN BE CONTROLLED MORE EFFECTIVELY THAN
THAT OF OTHER NUTRIENTS. EFFICIENT AND RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE METHODS
CAN REMOVE PHOSPHORUS DURING SEWAGE TREATMENT, AND ELIMINATION OF
PHOSPHATES FROM DETERGENTS WOULD LOWER COSTS OF REDUCING PHOSPHORUS
LEVELS IN EFFLUENTS. THE SINGLE MOST CONVINCING PROGRAM OF PRACTICAL
BENEFITS IN REDUCING PHOSPHORUS IS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE DIVERSION OF
SEWAGE AROUND LAKE WASHINGTON, PROVIDING STRONG EVIDENCE THAT
PHOSPHATES WERE THE LIMITING NUTRIENT AND A CONCLUSIVE DEMONSTRATION
THAT EUTROPHICATION WAS, AT LEAST IN THIS INSTANCE, A REVERSIBLE
PROCESS. VARIOUS ARGUMENTS FAVORING REDUCTION OF PHOSPHORUS INPUTS MAY
NOT BE ENTIRELY CONCLUSIVE BUT COMBINED THEY CONSTITUTE A VERY STRONG
CASE FOR TAKING MEANINGFUL REMEDIAL ACTIONS - NOW. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W71-12091
187
-------
SHORELINE ALGAE OF WESTERN LAKE ERIEt
RACHEL COX DOWNING.
OHIO J SCI. 70(5): 257-276. ILLUS. MAPS. 1970 (RECD. 1971).
DESCRIPTORS:
*ALGAEt *CHLOROPHYTA, *CYANOPHYTA, *LAKESt RHODOPHYTAt SHORES.
IDENTIFIERS:
ARNOLDIELLA-CONCHOPHILA, LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
THE ALGAE OF WESTERN LAKE ERIE HAVE BEEN EXTENSIVELY STUDIED FOR MORE
THAN 70 YRt BUT, UNTIL THIS STUDY, CONDUCTED BETWEEN APRIL AND OCT.,
1967; ALMOST NOTHING WAS KNOWN OF THE SHORELINE AS A SPECIFIC ALGAL
HABITAT. A TOTAL OF 61 TAXA WERE IDENTIFIED FROM THE SHORELINES. THE
(23 CHLOROPHYTA, 37 CYANOPHYTA, 1 RHODOPHYTA) FOUND 39 ARE NEW RECORDS
FOR WESTERN LAKE ERIE, AND ONE, ARNOLDIELLA CONCHOPHILA MILLER, APPEARS
TO BE A NEW USA RECORD, HAVING BEEN PREVIOUSLY REPORTED ONLY FROM
CENTRAL RUSSIA.—COPYRIGHT 1971, BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS, INC.
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. ~W71-12489
188
-------
NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS OF THE WIND-DRIVEN CURRENTS IN LAKE ERIE AND COMPARISION
WITH MEASUREMENTS!
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION, CLEVELAND, OHIO. LEWIS
RESEARCH CENTERo >
R. I. GEDNEY, AND W0 LICK«
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION (NASA) TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
NASA TM X-67804, 1971. 19 P, 7 FIG, 1 TAB, 7 REF. (PAPER PRESENTED AT 14TH
GREAT LAKES CONF, TORONTO? CANADA, APRIL 19, 1971).
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CIRCULATION, *WINDS, ^CURRENTS(WATER I, *LAKE ERIE, *NUMERICAL
ANALYSIS, MODEL STUDIES, MATHEMATICAL STUDIES, DATA COLLECTIONS, WIND
VELOCITY, LAKES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*WIND-DRIVEN WATER CURRENTS.
ABSTRACT:
THE STEADY-STATE, WIND DRIVEN VELOCITIES IN LAKE ERIE WERE CALCULATED
NUMERICALLY USING A SHALLOW LAKE MODEL. THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL
VELOCITIES AS A FUNCTION OF DEPTH AND HORIZONTAL POSITION ARE DISPLAYED
FOR THE PREVAILING SOUTHWEST WINDS. THE VELOCITIES VARY GREATLY FROM
POSITION TO POSITION AND DEPEND STRONGLY ON THE BOTTOM TOPOGRAPHY AND
BOUNDARY GEOMETRY. FOR THE NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS, A 0.805 KILOMETER
GRID SIZE IN AN ISLAND REGION AND A 3.22 KILOMETER GRID SIZE IN THE
REST OF THE LAKE WAS INCORPORATED TO ADEQUATELY REPRESENT THE LAKE ERIE
GEOMETRY. THE CALCULATED VELOCITIES AGREE QUANTITATIVELY WITH CURRENT
METER MEASUREMENTS MADE AT MID-DEPTHS IN THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN
BASINS.' THE MAGNITUDES OF THE AVERAGE EDDY VISCOSITY USED IN THE
CALCULATIONS AGREE WITH MEASUREMENTS MADE IN THE GREAT LAKES. STEADY
CURRENTS USUALLY OCCUR AFTER TWO DAYS OF FAIRLY UNIFORM WINDS.
(WOODARD-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W71-13449
189
-------
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF LAKE COUNTY V. MENTOR LAGOONS, INC. (PRIVATE
LANDOWNERS REMEDIES AGAINST COUNTY COMMISSIONERS MAINTAINING A NUISANCE).
216 N. E. 20 643-647 (C. P. LAKE COUNTY OHIO 1965).
I
DESCRIPTORS:
*OHIOt *SEWAGE TREATMENT, *POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER QUALITY CONTROL, JUDICIAL DECISIONS,
LEGAL ASPECTS, WATER LAW, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
WATER QUALITY, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, SEWAGE DISPOSAL, LOCAL
GOVERNMENTS, SANITARY ENGINEERING, SEWERS,'EMINENT DOMAIN, DAMAGES.
IDENTIFIERS:
INJUNCTION(PROHIBITORY), LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
PLAINTIFF BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS BROUGHT AN ACTION SEEKING AN
EASEMENT OVER DEFENDANT'S LAND FOR A SEWER LINE. DEFENDANT OWNED A
MARINA ON LAKE ERIE. DEFENDANT FILED A CROSS PETITION SEEKING DAMAGES
FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT AND AN INJUNCTION AGAINST THE MAINTENANCE OF A
PUBLIC NUISANCE. THE DISCHARGE OF INADEQUATELY TREATED SEWAGE INTO LAKE
ERIE CONSTITUTED THE ALLEGED NUISANCE. PLAINTIFF MAINTAINED THAT A
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS IS NOT SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES
AND THAT DEFENDANT HAD NO CAUSE OF ACTION FOR AN INJUNCTION. THE COURT
OF COMMON PLEAS OF LAKE COUNTY OHIO HELD THAT A BOARD OF COUNTY
COMMISSIONERS IS NOT LIABLE FOR DAMAGES FOR NEGLIGENCE OR NUISANCE.
HOWEVER, THE COURT RULED THAT A LITTORAL OWNER MAY ENJOIN A BOARD OF
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS FROM MAINTAINING A PUBLIC NUISANCE CONSISTING OF
AN IMPROPERLY FUNCTIONING SEWAGE PLANT. THE COURT UPHELD THE DEMURRER
AS TO DAMAGES AND OVERRULED THE DEMURRER TO THE INJUNCTION.
(ROBINSON-FLORIDA)
FIELD 06E, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W71-13536
190
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS DURING 1970.
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES,
LANSING* MICHIGANt JANUARY 1971. 7 P.
I
DESCRIPTORS:
*MICHIGAN, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROLt *PROGRAMSt *WATER POLLUTION
SOURCES, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION
TREATMENT, POLLUTION ABATEMENT, WATER QUALITY CONTROL, PHOSPHATES,
CHEMICAL WASTES, POLLUTANTS, THERMAL POLLUTION, LEGISLATION,
REGULATION, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, SHIPS,' WASTE DISPOSAL, METALS,
INDUSTRIAL WASTES, LAKE ERIE, LEGAL ASPECTS.
ABSTRACT:
SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN MICHIGAN ARE
SUMMARIZED FOR THE YEAR 1970. WITH RECENT LEGISLATIVE ENACTMENTS, THE
STATE'S POLLUTION CONTROL STATUTE IS THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE IN THE
NAT-ION. RESULTS OF MONTHLY MEETINGS OF THE WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION
ARE LISTED. THE PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL PROGRAM DECREASED THE AMOUNT OF
PHOSPHORUS ENTERING WATER BODIES, BUT CONCERN DEVELOPED OVER THE
POLLUTION POTENTIAL OF SUBSTITUTE CHEMICALS. MERCURY POLLUTION IN THE
GREAT LAKES WAS A MAJOR PROBLEM. A FISHING BAN WAS INITIATED, AND
INDUSTRIES USING MERCURY IN MANUFACTURING PROCESSES WERE ORDERED TO
HALT FURTHER DISCHARGE OF MERCURY. LEGISLATION WAS PROPOSED TO CONTROL
MERCURY POLLUTION. A SURVEY WAS MADE OF INDUSTRIAL USES OF METALS
WHICH, IF DISCHARGED, COULD CONTAMINATE LAKES AND STREAMS. A PROPOSED
RULE WOULD LIMIT DISCHARGES OF SUCH METALS. CONTAMINATION OF WELLS
THROUGH IMPROPER SALT STORAGE LED TO A PROPOSED RULE PROHIBITING SUCH
POLLUTION OF GROUNDWATER. THE VESSEL POLLUTION CONTROL ACT REGULATES
THE USE OF PORTABLE HOLDING TANKS FOR WASTES ON VESSELS. DIRECT AND
INDIRECT'WATER DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE is A VIOLATION OF THE STATUTE. OTHER
DEVELOPMENTS DISCUSSED INCLUDE DISPOSAL OF POLLUTED DREDGE SPOIL,
POLLUTION CONFERENCES, THERMAL POLLUTION, AND LAKE ERIE POLLUTION.
(SMILJANICH-FLORIDA)
FIELD 05G, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W71-13709
191
-------
SUMMARY OF WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR DESIGNATED USE AREAS IN MICHIGAN
INTERSTATE WATERS.
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, LANSING. OEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
I
NOVEMBER, 1968. 29 P, 10 MAP, 1 TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
*MICHIGAN, *STANDARDS, *WATER QUALITY CONTROL, *WATER UTILIZATION,
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, DREDGING, WASTE DISPOSAL, REGULATION,
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, LEGAL ASPECTS, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE HURON, LAKE
ERIE, LAKE SUPERIOR, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
INTERSTATE, CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, EFFLUENTS, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
RIVER BASINS, INTERSTATE RIVERS.
ABSTRACT:
INTERSTATE STANDARDS, WATER USE DESIGNATIONS, AND IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
OF-THE MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION ARE HEREIN SUMMARIZED.
DESIGNATED USE AREAS CONSIDERED BY THIS PUBLICATION INCLUDE: (1) THE
ST. JOSEPH RIVER BASIN; (2) LAKE MICHIGAN; (3) LAKE HURON; (4) THE ST.
CLAIR" RIVER-LAKE ST. CLAIR, DETROIT RIVER-LAKE ERIE, MAUMEE RIVER
BASIN; <5) LAKE SUPERIOR AND THE ST. MARYS RIVER; AND (6) THE MENOMINEE
AND MONTREAL RIVER BASINS IN MICHIGAN AND OTHER MICHIGAN-WISCONSIN
INTERSTATE BOUNDARY-WATERS. STANDARDS WILL NOT APPLY DURING PERIODS OF
AUTHORIZED DREDGING FOR NAVIGATION PURPOSES, BUT WILL APPLY TO AREAS
AFFECTED BY THE DISPOSAL OF SPOIL FROM SUCH OPERATIONS. WHEN WATERS ARE
CLASSIFIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE DESIGNATED WATER USE, IT IS INTENDED
THAT THE MOST RESTRICTIVE INDIVIDUAL STANDRADS OF THE DESIGNATED USE
SHALL BE ADHERED TO. IN AREAS ADJACENT TO OUTFALLS STANDARDS APPLY ONLY
AFTER ADMIXTURE OF WASTE EFFLUENTS WITH THE PUBLIC WATERS, BUT IN NO
INSTANCE"SHALL THE MIXING ZONE ACT AS A BARRIER TO FISH MIGRATION OR
INTERFERE UNREASONABLY WITH THE DESIGNATED USES OF THE AREA. A SUMMARY
OF THE LEGISLATIVE BASES OF MICHIGAN'S PROGRAM TO CONTROL AND ABATE
POLLUTION IS SET FORTH. (JOHNSON-FLORIDA)
FIELD 05G, 06E
ACCESSION NO. W72-00199
192
-------
GREAT LAKES POLLUTION,
J. D. DINGELL.
IN: THE GREAT LAKES—HOW MANY MASTERS CAN THEY SERVE. 11TH ANNUAL CONFERENCEt
MICHIGAN NATURAL RESOURCES COUNCILt LANSING, MICHIGAN, P 19-26, OCTOBER
1968. 8 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *POLLUTION
ABATEMENT, *GREAT LAKES, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
WATER QUALITY, WATER QUALITY CONTROL, POLLUTANTS, ENVIRONMENTAL
SANITATION, WATER POLICY, LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE
MICHIGAN, LAKE SUPERIOR, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, STATE GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL
GOVERNMENTS, CITIES, STANDARDS, REGULATION.
ABSTRACT:
FEDERAL ACTION IS NECESSARY TO CONTROL AND ABATE POLLUTION: STATE AND
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS DO NOT HAVE THE RESOURCES, AND POLLUTION IS NOT
MERELY A LOCAL PROBLEM. THE FOLLOWING FACTORS CONSTITUTE THE MAJOR
PROBLEMS FACING THE GREAT LAKES; (1) OVER-ENRICHMENT, (2) A BUILDUP OF
DISSOLVED SOLIDS, (3) BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION, <4) CHEMICAL
CONTAMINATION FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGES, AND (5) OXYGEN
DEPLETION. THE PRESENT STATE OF POLLUTION OF EACH OF THE GREAT LAKES IS
EXPLAINED. WATER POLLUTION CAN BE CONTROLLED. ALL OF THE STATES AND
TERRITORIES HAVE FILED LETTERS OF INTENT TO ESTABLISH WATER QUALITY
STANDARDS. A LIST OF SIXTEEN IMMEDIATE ACTIONS NECESSARY TO SAVE THE
GREAT LAKES IS SET FORTH. THE SECRETARY OF INTERIOR SHOULD HAVE THE
AUTHORITY TO SET STANDARDS FOR INTRA-STATE WATERS AS WELL AS
INTERSTATE. (ROBINSON-FLORIDA)
FIELD 05Gi 06E
ACCESSION NO. W72-00247
193
-------
THE GREAT LAKES CONTAINER DILEMMA,
WISCONSIN UNIV., MILWAUKEE. CENTER FOR GREAT LAKES STUDIES.
E. SCHENKER, AND M.' BUNAMO.
IN: TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH FORUM PAPERS/1970, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, P
327-336. 7 TAB, 12 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY, *GREAT LAKES, *INVESTMENT, *TRANSPORTATION,
*ECONOMIC IMPACT, INCOME, SHIPS.
IDENTIFIERS:
-("CONTAINERS, CONTAINER FACILITIES, CARGO PORTS, CARGO DIVERSION.
ABSTRACT:
LAK'E PORTS FACE AN IMMEDIATE DILEMMA: UNLESS THEY UNDERTAKE A
COORDINATED INVESTMENT PROGRAM IN CONTAINER FACILITIES TO RETAIN THEIR
GENERAL CARGO TRAFFIC, SIGNIFICANT DIVERSIONS OF CONTAINER TRAFFIC WILL
OCCURi RESULTING IN A SUBSTANTIAL LOSS OF PORT-RELATED INCOME FOR THE
REGION. DIRECT AND INDIRECT INCOME LOSSES COULD EXCEED $100,000,000.
LAKE PORTS COULD AVOID THESE LOSSES BY PURSUING ONE OR MORE OF THE
FOLLOWING THREE ALTERNATIVES: (1) MORE EXTENSIVELY UTILIZE MONTREAL OR
QUEBEC CITY LOAD CENTER'S SPECIALIZED CONTAINER FACILITIES, (2) PROVIDE
FOR A FULLER UTILIZATION OF THE SEAWAY AND ITS EXISTING FACILITIES BY,
SAY, CONSTRUCTING SPECIALIZED CONTAINER-HANDLING FACILITIES OR
REMODELING EXISTING BERTHS FOR LIMITED CONTAINER OPERATIONS, (3)
CONSTRUCT TWO MODERN FULLY-INTEGRATED CONTAINER FACILITIES, ONE AT THE
SOUTHERN.END OF LAKE MICHIGAN TO SERVE CHICAGO AND MILWAUKEE, THE OTHER
ON LAKE ERIE TO SERVE EASTERN LAKE PORTS. THE FIRST TWO ALTERNATIVES
REPRESENT SHORT-RUN PLANS DESIGNATED TO REDUCE THE FLOW OF CONTAINER
CARGO DIVERSION; THE THIRD ALTERNATIVE is A LONG-RUN SOLUTION, LINKING
IMPROVED AND EXPANDED CONTAINER OPERATIONS WITH CERTAIN NECESSARY
IMPROVEMENTS OF THE ENTIRE SEAWAY SYSTEM. SEVERAL TABLES PROVIDE DATA
ON THE EXISTING AND EXPECTED CONTAINERSHIP REGISTRY AND ON THE
ANTICIPATED IMPACT OF CONTAINERIZATION ON LAKE PORTS. (SETTLE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 06C, 06B
ACCESSION NO. W72-00385
194
-------
LAKE ERIE: POLLUTION ABATEMENT* THEN WHAT,
WRIGHT STATE UNIV.* DAYTON* OHIO. OEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
JERRY H. HUBSCHMANJ
SCIENCE (WASHINGTON). 171(3971): 536-540. MAP. 1971.
IDENTIFIERS:
ABATEMENT* BIOTA* CANADA* ERIE* LAKE* POLLUTION.
ABSTRACT:
POLLUTION FACTORS ACTING ON LAKE ERIE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE BIOTA,
PRODUCTIVITY AND THE ADVANTAGEOUS UTILIZATION OF LONG-TERM
EUTROPHICATION ARE DISCUSSED.—COPYRIGHT 1971, BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS,
INC.
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W72-00703
195
-------
PROCEEDINGS THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH* PART I AND II.
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH CENTERt DETROIT, MICH.
AVAILABLE FROM TREASURER, P. 0. BOX 640* ANN ARBOR, MICH. 46107. PRICE $18.00
A SET. 1970. 1063 P.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *LAKES, EUTROPHICATION, ALGAE, *LAKE SUPERIOR, *LAKE
MICHIGAN, *LAKE HURON, *LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, WATER POLLUTION
EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, LIMNOLOGY.
ABSTRACT:
THE THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH WAS HELD 1-3 APRIL,
1970 AT BUFFALO, NEW YORK AND CO-HOSTED BY CORNELL AERONAUTICAL
LABORATORY INC. AND THE GREAT LAKES LABORATORY OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE AT BUFFALO. (SEE ALSO W72-01095 THRU W72-01112)
FIELD 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W72-01094
196
-------
NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTS IN WESTERN LAKE ERIE,
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. COLL. OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES.
PAUL L. ZUBKOFF, AND WALTER E. CAREY.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 1, P 319-325, 1970. 2 FIG, 3 TAB,
11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SEDIMENTS, *ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, *NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS,
*CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, GREAT LAKES, EUTROPHICATION, NUTRIENTS, ALGAE,
BACTERIA, LAKE ERIE, ALUMINUM, MANGANESE, SODIUM, CHROMIUM, IRON.
IDENTIFIERS:
VANADIUM, LANTHANUM, SCANDIUM.
ABSTRACT:
THE CENTERS OF 1 CM LATERAL SECTIONS OF 15 CM SEDIMENT CORES WERE
WASHED FREE OF INTERSTITIAL WATER AND SUBJECTED TO A 2.0 X 10 CM 11
• . POWER NEUTRON 0.01 CM 0.1 SEC FLUX IN RESEARCH REACTOR. ANALYSIS OF
GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA, OBTAINED. WITH A NAI(TL) CRYSTAL, INDICATED A UNIFORM
CONCENTRATION OF AL, V, MN, NA, LA, CR, AND SC. THE CONTENTS OF
VANADIUM AND-CHROMIUM ARE AT LEAST THREE TIMES AS GREAT AS FOUND IN
SOILS.
-------
CIRCULATION PATTERNS AND A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR POLLUTANT DISTRIBUTION IN LAKE
ERIE,
NEW YORK STATE UNIV., BUFFALO.
I
JOHN A. HOWELL, KENNETH M. KISER, AND RALPH R. RUMER.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 1, P 434-443, 1970. 7 FIG, 1 TAB,
6 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CIRCULATION, ^MATHEMATICAL STUDIES, *PROBABILITY, *WATER
POLLUTION, FORECASTING, LAKE ERIE, MODEL STUDIES, WATER QUALITY
CONTROL, WIND PRESSURE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*POLLUTANT DISTRIBUTION, CIRCULATION EFFECTS, TRANSITION PROBABILITY
MATRIX.
ABSTRACT:
DISTRIBUTION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE WESTERN BASIN OF LAKE ERIE FOR ZERO
WIND STRESS WAS OUTLINED BY USE OF THE TRANSITION PROBABILITY MATRIX
(TPM) IN CONJUNCTION WITH A PHYSICAL MODEL OF THE LAKE. THE MODEL
PREDICTED THE STEADY STATE CONCENTRATION IN COMBINATION WITH THE
ROTATING LAKE MODEL PROMISES TO FACILITATE THE WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT. (SEE ALSO W72-01094) (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 05A, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-01102
198
-------
DRY WEIGHT OF THE MACROBENTHOS AS AN INDICATOR OF EUTROPHICATION OF THE GREAT
LAKESt
CALIFORNIA STATE COLL., LOS ANGELES. DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY; AND MICHIGAN UNIV.,
ANN ARBOR. GREAT,LAKES RESEARCH DIV.
WAYNE P. ALLEY, AND CHARLES F. POWERS.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 2, P 595-600, 1970. 3 FIG, 2 TAB,
16 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES, *BENTHOS, INDICATORS, BIOMASS,
SAMPLING, AMPHIPODA, AL IGOCHAETES, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE
HURON, LAKE ERIE.
IDENTIFIERS:
^MACROBENTHOS, CHIRONOMIDS, SPHAERIIDS.
ABSTRACT:
THE EUTROPHICATIQN LEVELS OF FOUR GREAT LAKES WERE DELINEATED ON THE
BASIS OF DRY WEIGHT OF MACROBENTHOS, INCLUDING AMPHIPODS, OLIGOCHAETES,
SPHAERIIDS, AND CHIRONOMIDS. THE FOLLOWING GRAND AVERAGES IN G PER SQ M
WERE ESTABLISHED: LAKE SUPERIOR - 0.9, LAKE HURON - 1.43, LAKE MICHIGAN
- 3.40, AND LAKE ERIE - 4.63. IN TERMS OF RAWSON'S CLASSIFICATION OF
CANADIAN LAKES, LAKE ERIE IS DEFINITELY EUTROPHIC, LAKE MICHIGAN -
MODERATELY EUTROPHIC, LAKE HURON - MESOTROPHIC, AND LAKE SUPERIOR -
TRULY OLIGOTROPHIC. (SEE ALSO W72-01094) (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C,'02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-01105
199
-------
PLANKTON PRODUCTIVITY STUDIES IN LAKE ST CLAIR,
WINDSOR UNIV. (ONTARIO). DEPT. OF BIOLOGY; AND WAYNE STATE UNIV., DETROIT,
MICH. DEPT. OF BIOLOGY.
JOHN M. WINNER, J. ADRIAN, AND ROBERT G. FERGUSON.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 2, P 640-650, 1970. 4 FIG, 3 TAB,
17 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PLANKTON, *PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON, *ZOOPLANKTON, CYANOPHYTA,
HARDNESS(WATER), NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, RUNOFF, NUTRIENTS, SILICA,
NITRATES, ROTIFERS, STANDING CROP, CHLOROPHYLL, SAMPLING, CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS, EUTROPHICATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE ST CLAIR(ONTARIO), CHLOROPHYLL A, AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF.
ABSTRACT:
PLANKTON POPULATION STUDIES OF LAKE ST CLAIR (ONTARIO) WERE
ACCOMPLISHED BY WEEKLY SAMPLING AT TWO NEARSHORE STATIONS DURING MAY 31
- AUGUST 7, 1969. A -RELATIONSHIP WAS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN COMMUNITY
PRODUCTIVITY-AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER, INCLUDING ALKALINITY,
HARDNESS, AND CONTENTS OF N, P, AND SI. A HIGH CONTENT OF NITRATES (5
MG/L) INDICATED THE INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF. CYANOPHYTA,
PARTICULARLY OSCILLATORIA, DOMINATED THE PHYTOPLANKTON. THE ZOOPLANKTON
CONSISTED PREDOMINATLY OF ROTIFIERS, 19 SPECIES OF WHICH WERE RECORDED;
KERATELLA COCHLEARIS WAS THE MOST ABUNDANT. THE LAKE EXHIBITED A
EUTROPHICATION LEVEL EXCEEDING THAT OF ADJACENT LAKE ERIE. THE NET
PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGED 200 MG C/CU M PER HOUR. (SEE ALSO W72-01094)
(WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-01106
200
-------
AQUEOUS PHOSPHATE AND LAKE SEDIMENT INTERACTION,
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH CENTER, DETROIT, MICH.
R. C. GUMERMAN.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 2, P 673-682, 1970. 8 FIG, 1 TAB,
8 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PHOSPHATES, *SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACES, ADSORPTION, LAKES, NUTRIENTS,
LAKE ERIE, LAKE SUPERIOR, LABORATORY TESTS, TEMPERATURE, ALGAE,
PHOSPHORUS, ION EXCHANGE, OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL, HYDROGEN ION
CONCENTRATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
SEDIMENTARY PHOSPHORUS RELEASE.
ABSTRACT:
THIS LABORATORY STUDY OF STERILE SEDIMENTS FROM LAKE ERIE AND LAKE
SUPERIOR DISCLOSED THAT THE PHOSPHORUS-SEDIMENT COMPLEX IS FORMED UNDER
THE INFLUENCE OF BOTH PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ADSORPTION. MAXIMUM REMOVAL
OF AQUEOUS P OCCURS WITHIN THE PH RANGE OF 4.5 TO 5.5. LOWERING REDOX
POTENTIAL TO ZERO MAY OR MAY NOT EFFECT A RELEASE OF P FROM THE
SEDIMENT. THE MAXIMUM ADSORBING CAPACITY OF SEDIMENTS IS IN SURFACE
LAYERS LESS THAN 3.5 MM DEEP, AND IS ZERO AT A DEPTH EXCEEDING 14 MM
B.ELOW SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE. AS LONG AS THE SEDIMENT CONTAINS SOME
ADSORBED PHOSPHORUS, ITS RELEASE WILL MAINTAIN A MINIMUM CONCENTRATION
OF 0.1 MG/L OF AQUEOUS PHOSPHATE RADICAL. IN TURN, UNDER SUCH
CONDITIONS CESSATION OF PHOSPHATE INPUT MAY NOT EFFECT A REDUCTION OF
NUISANCE1 ALGAL GROWTH FOR A LONG TIME. (SEE ALSO W72-01094)
(WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-01108
201
-------
CARBONATE EQUILIBRIA IN LAKE ERIEt
STATE UNIV. (COLL.), FREDONIA, N.Y.
KENNETH G. WOOD.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PROCEEDINGS 13TH
CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, PART 2, P 744-750, 1970. 3 FIG, 2 TAB,
18 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*LAKE ERIE, *CARBONATES, *EQUI LIBRIUM, INORGANIC COMPOUNDS, CARBON
DIOXIDE, ALKALINITY, HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION, GASES, EQUATIONS,
MATHEMATICAL STUDIES.
IDENTIFIERS:
SODIUM CARBONATE SOLUTIONS, VAN SLYKE ANALYSIS, REVELLE EQUATION.
ABSTRACT:
DETERMINATIONS OF PH", TOTAL ALKALINITY, AND TOTAL CARBON DIOXIDE
(MODIFIED VAN SLYKE METHOD) PERMITTED TO ESTABLISH A RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS IN DILUTE SODIUM CARBONATE SOLUTION
AND WATER FROM LAKE ERIE. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE COMMONLY USED
EQUATION, ASCRIBED TO REVELLE, DOES NOT FULLY EXPRESS THE CARBONATE
EQUILIBRIA AS SUCH AS INFLUENCED BY THE IRON-PAIR COMPLEXES. LAKE ERIE
WATER IS NOT SIMILAR TO DILUTE SOLUTION OF SODIUM CARBONATE AND
CONTAINS LESS CARBON DIOXIDE AT PH 8.3 TO 9.5 THAN IS PREDICTED BY THE
EQUATION. (SEE ALSO W72-01094) (WILDE-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05B,. 02H, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W72-01111
202
-------
MERCURY POLLUTION: MICHIGAN'S ACTION PROGRAM*
MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, LANSING.
W. G. TURNEY.
JOURNAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION, VOL 43, NO 7, P 1427-1438, JULY
1971. 1 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *HEAVY METALS, *TRACE ELEMENTS, *DATA
COLLECTIONS, *MICHIGAN, SURFACE WATERS, SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, STREAMS,
RESERVOIRS, LAKES, BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, MUNICIPAL
WASTES, POLLUTANTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*MERCURY.
ABSTRACT:
ON FEBRUARY 11, 1970i MEMBERS OF THE MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
HEALTH AND THE WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION STAFF MET IN TORONTO AT A
REGULAR MEETING OF THE ADVISORY BOARD OF INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION
ON THE CONTROL OF POLLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS. IN
RESPONSE TO THIS MEETING, THE MICHIGAN WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION BEGAN
A STATE-WIDE-SAMPLING PROGRAM OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGES TO CHECK
FOR MERCURY CONTENT. THIS SCREENING PROGRAM INCLUDED THE GATHERING OF
BOTTOM SEDIMENT SAMPLES FROM THE MOUTHS OF MAJOR RIVERS ENTERING THE
GREAT LAKES, AND DOWNSTREAM OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE TREATMENT
PLANT OUTLETS. TRACE CONCENTRATIONS OF MERCURY WERE FOUND IN SOME OF
THE SAMPLES. IN ALL CASES, THE CONCENTRATION WAS BELOW 1 MG/KG. THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH COOPERATED BY GATHERING SAMPLES OF
RAW WAStEWATER IN MORE THAN THIRTY COMMUNITIES THROUGHOUT THE STATE
WHERE INDUSTRIES DISCHARGE WASTE EFFLUENT INTO THE MUNICIPAL COLLECTION
AND TREATMENT SYSTEM. TRACE LEVELS OF MERCURY WERE DETECTED IN SOME OF
THE LARGER COMMUNITIES. WATER SUPPLY SAMPLES TAKEN FROM ALL COMMUNITIES
USING WATER FROM THE ST. CLAIR RIVER, LAKE ST. CLAIR, THE DETROIT
RIVER, AND LAKE ERIE SHOWED NEGATIVE MERCURY RESULTS. (WOODARD-USGS)
FIELD 05B, 05A
ACCESSION NO. W72-01995
203
-------
SNOW IN OHIO,
OHIO AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER, WOOSTER.
M. E. MILLER, AND C. R. WEAVER.
AVAILABLE FROM THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE, SPRINGFIELD, VA.,
22151, AS C'OM-71-00773, $3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE. OHIO
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER RESEARCH BULLETIN 1044, APRIL
1971. 23 P, 5 FIG, 8 TAB, 15 REF. (NOAA REPORT NO 71061814).
5201105/11H301200.
DESCRIPTORS:
*SNOW, *SNOWFALL, *HYDROLOGIC DATA, *DATA COLLECTIONS, *OHIO,
CLIMATOLOGY, PRECIPITATION GAGES, LAKE ERIE, WEATHER PATTERNS, SNOW
SURVEYS:.
IDENT-IFIERS:
*SNQWFALL RECORDS(OHIO).
ABSTRACT:
USING SNOWFALL RECORDS AVAILABLE FOR OHIO, THIS REPORT PROVIDES
INFORMATION ON MEAN MONTHLY AND ANNUAL SNOWFALL AMOUNTS; FREQUENCY OF
SELECTED SNOWFALLS 5 -THRESHOLD DATES OF FIRST 1-, 3-, AND 4-INCH
SNOWFALLS OF THE WINTER SEASON; DURATION OF SNOW COVER; EXTREME
SNOWFALLS AND SNOW DEPTHS; AND SOME NOTABLE SNOWSTORMS OR UNUSUALLY
SNOWY WINTERS. THE HEAVIEST SNOWFALL IN OHIO OCCURS NEAR CHARDON IN THE
HEART OF OHIO'S SNOWBELT WHERE A TOTAL OF 106.1 INCHES is NORMAL AND '
161.5 INCHES FELL DURING THE WINTER OF 1959-1960. THE SOUTHERNMOST
COUNTIES NEAR THE OHIO RIVER RECEIVE AN AVERAGE OF 13 TO 17 INCHES OF
SNOW EACH WINTER. IT IS NOT A RARE OCCURRENCE, HOWEVER, FOR SOUTHERN
OHIO TQ'RECEIVE MORE SNOWFALL FROM AN INDIVIDUAL SNOWSTORM THAN CENTRAL
OR NORTHERN AREAS. (WOODARD-USGS)
FIELD 02C, 02B
ACCESSION NO. W72-02027
204
-------
CIRCULATION AND WATER MOVEMENT IN LAKE ERIEt
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, OTTAWA (ONTARIO). INLAND WATERS
BRANCH.
P. F. HAMBLIN.
CANADA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES INLAND WATERS BRANCH
SCIENTIFIC SERIES NO 7, 1971. 49 P, 25 FIG, 36 REF, APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER CIRCULATION, *PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *LAKE ERIE, *DIFFUSION,
^MOVEMENT, TRACKING TECHNIQUES, TRACERS, DYE RELEASES, HYDROLOGIC DATA,
CURRENTS(WATER), AQUATIC DRIFT, DRIFT BOTTLES, DATA COLLECTIONS, LAKES,
MIXING.
IDENTIFIERS:
*PL-UME STUDY.
ABSTRACT:
AVAILABLE KNOWLEDGE OF THE CIRCULATION, WATER MOVEMENTS, AND DIFFUSIVE
PROCESSES OCCURRING IN LAKE ERIE ARE SUMMARIZED FROM PUBLISHED WORKS
AND STUDIES CONDUCTED AT THE CANADA CENTER FOR INLAND WATERS. IN
ADDITION, THE RESIDENCE TIME, THEORY OF LAKE CIRCULATION AND DIFFUSION
ARE DISCUSSER. AN ATLAS OF MONTHLY AVERAGED CURRENTS IS PROVIDED IN AN
APPENDIX. KNOWLEDGE OF WATER CIRCULATION AND DIFFUSION PROCESSES
PROVIDE A MEANS OF GAINING INSIGHT INTO CERTAIN PHYSICAL PROCESSES AND
MECHANISMS OCCURRING WITHIN THE LAKE. FROM A PRAGMATIC VIEWPOINT, AN
IMPORTANT ASPECT IS TO BE ABLE TO PREDICT THE RESPONSE OF THE WATER
QUALITY OF A LAKE TO CHANGING LEVELS OF INPUTS. DESCRIPTIONS OF THE
DIRECTLY "AND INDIRECTLY DETERMINED CIRCULATIONS, AND THE MEASUREMENTS
OF DIFFUSION ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE SEPARATE SECTIONS FOR EACH OF THE
WESTERN, CENTRAL AND EASTERN BASINS OF LAKE ERIE. THE BOUNDARIES OF
THESE REGIONS AND GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ARE PROVIDED. (WOODARD-USGS)
FIELD 02H, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W72-02277
205
-------
ADSORPTION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES BY MICROBIAL FLOC AND LAKE
SEDIMENT AND ITS ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONSt
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY.
I
W. 0. LESNIOWSKY, P. R. DUGANt R. M. PFISTERt J. I. FREA, AND C. I. RANDLES.
PROCEEDINGS THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, APRIL 1-3, 1970,
STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, BUFFALO, N Y, PART 2: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 611-618, 1970. 6 FIG, 18 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *ADSORPTION, *FLOCCULATION, *PESTICIDES, *BOTTOM
SEDIMENTS, LAKES, LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES, AQUATIC BACTERIA, AQUATIC
MICROORGANISMS, CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES.
IDENTIFIERS:
*BACTERIAL FLOCS.
ABSTRACT:
OF 38~AEROBIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LAKE ERIE, 14 FORMED FLOCS IN AT
LEAST ONE OF SIX DIFFERENT MEDIA USED. TWO OF THESE FLOC FORMERS WERE
EXAMINED FOR ABILITY TO ACCUMULATE ALDRIN FROM SOLUTION. ALDRIN WAS
DISSOLVED IN ACETONE AND ADDED TO FLASKS CONTAINING PREGROWN BACTERIAL
FLOCS SUSPENDED IN WATER. FLOCS WERE SHAKEN FOR VARIOUS TIME INTERVALS
AND SEPARATED FROM SOLUTION BY CONTRIFUGATION. BOTH WERE ANALYZED
SEPARATELY FOR PRESENCE OF ALDRIN USING GAS LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY.
CONTEMPORARY SEDIMENT COLLECTED FROM LAKE ERIE WAS EXAMINED
MICROSCOPICALLY AND ANALYZED FOR PESTICIDE CONTENT AND ABILITY TO
ABSORB ALDRIN. BACTERIAL FLOCS ABSORBED ALDRIN FROM SOLUTION GIVING A
625X CONCENTRATION FACTOR WITHIN 20 MIN, AFTER WHICH THERE WAS NO
FURTHER'INCREASE. THE COLLECTED SEDIMENT BEHAVED SIMILARLY.
FLOC-FORMING MICROBES SETTLING FROM A WATER COLUMN REMOVE PESTICIDES
AND REPRESENT A NATURAL PURIFICATION PROCESS. THE PESTICIDES MAY THEN
ACCUMULATE IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AND EXERT A TOXIC EFFECT ON SUSCEPTIBLE
FAUNA. (SEE ALSO W72-01094 THRU W72-01112 AND W72-02878 THRU W72-02890)
(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, 05B
ACCESSION NO. W72-03115
206
-------
ATMOSPHERIC CONSTITUENTS NEAR LAKE ERIE*
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LAB., BOULDER, COLO.
P. A. ALLEE, T. B. .HARRIS, JR., AND R. PROULX.
PROCEEDINGS THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, APRIL 1-3, 1970,
STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, BUFFALO, NY, PART 2: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 779-789, 1970. 15 FIG, 23 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*METEOROLOGICAL DATA, *DATA COLLECTIONS, *AIR POLLUTION, *METEOROLOGY,
*SNOWFALL, LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES, NUCLEATION, AEROSOLS, AIR
ENVIROMENT, POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION, AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS,
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS.
ABSTRACT:
DURING THE FALL SEASONS OF 1968 AND 1969 AN AIRCRAFT PROBED THE
ATMOSPHERE ABOVE AND IN THE VICINITY OF LAKE ERIE TO STUDY VARIOUS
METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS UPON THOSE DAYS WHEN
THE LAKE-EFFECT SNOWSTORMS WERE PRESENT. AMONG THE PARAMETERS MEASURED
DURING THESE FLIGHTS WERE THE CONCENTRATION OF AITKEN NUCLEI, CLOUD
DROPLET CONDENSATION NUCLEI, AND ICE NUCLEI. ON FAIR WEATHER FLIGHTS IN
THE VICINITY OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ADDITIONAL MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE OF
THE CONCENTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE, OXIDANT, REDUCTANT, AND OZONE.
LOCAL HUMAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THESE ATMOSPHERIC CONSTITUENTS CAN BE
DETECTED AND MEASURED, AND SOME OBSERVATIONS SUGGEST POSSIBLE EFFECTS
UPON THE WEATHER. (SEE ALSO W72-01094 THRU W72-01112 AND W72-02878 THRU
W72-02890) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H, -02B
ACCESSION NO. W72-03121
207
-------
SPECTRA OF MONTHLY MEAN WATER LEVEL IN THE GREAT LAKESt
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES* OTTAWA (ONTARIO). MARINE SCIENCES
BRANCH.
I
L. F. KU.
PROCEEDINGS THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, APRIL 1-3, STATE
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, BUFFALO, NY, PART 2: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 844-861, 1970. 19 FIG, 6 TAB, 12 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS, *GREAT LAKES, VARIABILITY, *FREQUENCY
ANALYSIS, *FOURIER ANALYSIS, ANNUAL, TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, STATISTICS,
STATISTICAL METHODS.
ABSTRACT:
THE- ANNUAL VARIATION AND ITS HARMONICS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY PARTS OF THE
SPECTRA OF MONTHLY MEAN WATER LEVEL IN THE GREAT LAKES. THE ENERGY OF
THE SPECTRA IS CONCENTRATED IN LOW FREQUENCIES AND THE PLOTS CF
BACKGROUND IN THE SPECTRA AT ALL STATIONS ARE SIMILAR. THE COHERENT
ENERGY BETWEEN LAKE SUPERIOR AND EACH OF THE OTHER LAKES IS RELATIVELY
LOWER THAN THAT OF OTHER PAIRS. THE PHASE OF ANNUAL VARIATION INCREASES
FROM EAST TO WEST. IN LAKE SUPERIOR IT LAGS ABOUT 2 MONTHS BEHIND THAT
OF LAKE ONTARIO. THE AMPLITUDE DECREASES AS THE NUMBER OF POINTS
INCREASES. FOR LAKES SUPERIOR, HURON, AND ERIE THE AMPLITUDES APPROACH
6 CM WHEN 48 YEARS OF DATA ARE USED. THE AMPLITUDE IN LAKE SUPERIOR IS
THE SAME AS THAT IN LAKE ERIE, AND ITS VALUE IN LAKE ONTARIO IS 12 CM
LARGER THAN THAT IN LAKE HURON. OWING TO THE RELATIVELY SMALL
CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS THE VARIANCE BY THE ANNUAL TERM AND ITS HARMONICS,
IT IS NOT PRACTICAL TO PREDICT THE MONTHLY MEAN WATER LEVEL USING ONLY
THE PERIODIC COMPONENTS. (SEE ALSO W72-01094 THRU W72-01112 AND
W72-02878 THRU W72-02890) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-03123
208
-------
WIND-GENERATED CIRCULATIONS IN LAKES 'ERIEr HURON* MICHIGAN AND SUPERIOR,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, OTTAWA (ONTARIO). MARINE SCIENCES
BRANCH.
T. S. MllRTYt AND D. B. RAO.
PROCEEDINGS THIRTEENTH CONFERENCE ON GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, APRIL 1-3, 1970,
STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, BUFFALO, NY, PART 2: INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
FOR GREAT LAKES RESEARCH, P 927-941, 1970. 8 FIG, 11 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*GREAT LAKES, *WATER CIRCULATION, WINDS, CURRENTS(WATER), LAKE ERIE,
LAKE HURON, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE SUPERIOR, CLIMATOLOGY.
IDENTIFIERS:
#LAKE CIRCULATION.
ABSTRACT:
THE WIND-GENERATED CIRCULATIONS IN LAKES ERIE, HURON, MICHIGAN, AND
SUPERIOR WERE COMPUTED USING A STEADY STATE LINEAR MODEL WITH
TOPOGRAPHY AND ROTATION TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT. THIS HOMOGENOUS MODEL
. APPLICABLE TO LATE FALL AND EARLY SPRING SITUATIONS ONLY. THE LAKE ERIE
CIRCULATION PATTERN HAS THREE CELLS. AN ELONGATED CLOCKWISE CELL NEAR
THE SOUTHERN SHORE TERMINATES AT ITS WESTERN BASIN. THIS CELL BECOMES
STRONG TO THE EAST OF ERIE AND PERSISTS TO MIDWAY BETWEEN SILVER CREEK
AND BUFFALO. THE SECOND CELL IS CLOCKWISE AND IS IN THE NORTHERN PART
OF THE LAKE. THE THIRD CELL IS CLOCKWISE AND IT IS IN THE NORTHEASTERN
PART OF THE LAKE. THE CIRCULATION PATTERN IN LAKE HURON HAS FOUR CELLS.
IN THE EASTERN PART THERE IS A STRONG COUNTERCLOCKWISE CELL. IN THE
WESTERN PART THERE IS A CLOCKWISE CELL. MOST OF THE GEORGIAN BAY IS
OCCUPIED'BY AN INTENSE COUNTERCLOCKWISE CELL. THERE IS A WEAK CLOCKWISE
CELL IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE GEORGIAN BAY. IN LAKE MICHIGAN THERE
ARE TWO CELLS: A CLOCKWISE CELL IN THE WESTERN PART AND A
COUNTERCLOCKWISE CELL IN THE EASTERN PART. THE CIRCULATION IN LAKE
SUPERIOR IS BY FAR THE MOST UNORGANIZED WITH GENERALLY COUNTERCLOCKWISE
MOTION IN THE SOUTHERN PORTIONS AND WEAK CLOCKWISE MOTIONS IN THE
NORTHERN PORTIONS. (SEE ALSO W72-01094 THRU W72-01112 AND W72-02878
THRU W72-02890) (KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-03124
209
-------
IMPROVEMENT OF NAVIGATION CONDITIONS* CONNEAUT HARBOR, OHIO; HYDRAULIC MODEL
INVESTIGATION*
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MISS.
R. Y. HUDSON, AND H. B. WILSON.
AVAILABLE FROM THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE AS AD-724 140,
$3.00 IN PAPER COPY, $0.95 IN MICROFICHE. REPT NO. AEWES-TR-2-617, JAN
1963, 93 P, 5 TAB, 59 FIG, 5 REF.
IDENTIFIERS:
*BREAKWATERS, *HYDRAULIC MODELS, *GREAT LAKES, HARBOR MODELS, LAKE
WAVES, STORMS, NAVIGATION, TEST METHODS, MECHANICAL DRAWINGS,
PHOTOGRAPHS, OHIO, CONNEAUT HARBOR, SEICHES, LAKE ERIE.
ABSTRACT:
A HYDRAULIC MODEL INVESTIGATION OF THE HARBOR AT CONNEAUT, OHIO, WAS
CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS ON WAVES AND SEICHE CURRENTS AT THE
ENTRANCE TO AND WITHI'N THE INNER-HARBOR AREA OF VARIOUS PROPOSED
MODIFICATIONS TO THE EAST PIER AND EXTENSIONS TO THE EAST BREAKWATER.
THE STUDY WAS PERFORMED ON A 1:125-SCALE, FIXED-BED-TYPE-MODEL
CONSTRUCTED OF CONCRETE AND EQUIPPED WITH A WAVE GENERATOR, ELECTRICAL
WAVE-HEIGHT MEASURIN-G AND RECORDING DEVICES, AND A WATER CIRCULATING
SYSTEM FOR SIMULATING CURRENTS RESULTING FROM THE ACTION OF
LONGITUDINAL SEICHES CHARACTERISTIC OF LAKE ERIE.
FIELD 08B, 08A
ACCESSION NO. W72-03138
210
-------
THE LAKE ERIE CONGRESS - THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST SESSION.
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH INST., ERIE, PA.
JULY 12-14, 1971, ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA. 41 P, 5 APPEND.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PLANNING, *DECISION MAKING, *ENVIRONMENT, *CONTROL, *CONSERVATION,
*WATER.
IDENTIFIERS:
*POLLUTION CONTROL, *LAKE ERIE CONGRESS, *POLICY MAKING, RESOLUTIONS,
PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS, COMMUNITY INTEREST, COMMITTEES,
QUESTIONNAIRES.
ABSTRACT:
THE LAKE ERIE CONGRESS WAS ENVISIONED AS A NOVEL AND INTENSIVE EFFORT
TO GATHER TOGETHER AN ENTIRE COMMUNITY OF DIRECT INTEREST IN LAKE ERIE
. FRDM BOTH THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS OF THE UNITED STATES AND
CANADA. THE INDEPENDENT WORK OF SIX BASIC COMMITTEES PRESENTED EIGHTEEN
RESOLUTIONS WHICH MET THE APPROVAL OF THE CONGRESS AS A WHOLE. THIS
REPORT CHRONICLES THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF THE LAKE ERIE CONGRESS.
THE EIGHTEEN RESOLUTIONS OF THE LAKE ERIE CONGRESS, THE COMMITTEE
PAPERS WHICH CONTAIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE RESOLUTIONS, AND THE
CONGRESSIONAL KEYNOTE ADDRESSES, ARE PRESENTED. THE APPENDICES INCLUDE
(1) A SUMMARY OF A POST-CONGRESSIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE, (2) A SYNOPSIS OF
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MACRO-SYSTEM DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR
ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, (3) COMMITTEE TASK DESCRIPTIONS, (4)
THE CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM SCHEDULE, AND (5) A LIST OF THE PARTICIPANTS
IN THE LAKE ERIE CONGRESS. (STRACHAN-CHICAGO)
FIELD 06B,- 05G, 02H
ACCESSION NO. W72-03947
211
-------
DETROIT AIMS FOR SAVINGS WITH PURE OXYGEN AERATION,
DETROIT METRO WATER DEPT.t MICH.
G. REMUS, D. SUHRE, AND G. HUBBELL.
PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION,
SAN FRANCISCO, OCTOBER 3-8, 1971. 16 P, 16 FIG.
DESCRIPTORS:
*OXYGENATION, *AERATION, *SEWAGE TREATMENT, *WASTE WATER TREATMENT,
*ACTIVATED SLUDGE, MICHIGAN, LAKE ERIE, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
TREATMENT FACILITIES, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND,
BACTERIA, AEROBIC TREATMENT, SANITARY ENGINEERING, SLUDGE TREATMENT.
IDENTIFIERS:
*DETROIT(MICH), PURE OXYGEN AERATION.
ABSTRACT:
THE DETROIT METRO WATER DEPARTMENT IS PRESENTLY CONSTRUCTING $220
MILLION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL WORKS, AND THE CITY PLANS $193
MILLION MORE IN 1972. AN ADDITIONAL $400 MILLION OF CAPITAL
EXPENDITURES IS PLANNED BY THE END OF 1979. SEWAGE DISPOSAL OF THE
DETROIT METROPOLITAN AREA IS HANDLED BY A SINGLE INTERCEPTOR SYSTEM AND
A SINGLE TREATMENT PLANT. IN MEETING COMMITMENTS TO PROVIDE SEWAGE
DISPOSAL SERVICE FOR THE ENTIRE METROPOLITAN AREA, WITH MINIMUM LAND
REQUIREMENTS AND WITHOUT DEMOLISHING USABLE RESIDENCES IN THE AREA,
STUDIES WERE MADE OF MEANS OF OPTIMIZING BACTERIAL ACTION BY USING PURE
OXYGEN AERATION TO SUPPORT THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS. IN FEBRUARY
1971t CONSTRUCTION BEGAN ON A TWO-TANK AERATION MODULE THAT WILL
CONSIST OF ONE TANK OF 150 MGD CAPACITY ON THE DEEP TANK, HIGH RATE,
AIR AERATED PROCESS, AND A 300 MGD TANK ON THE OXYGENATED ACTIVATED
SLUDGE'PROCESS. OPERATION IS SCHEDULED FOR FEBRUARY 1973. AN ADDITIONAL
600 MGD OXYGENATION FACILITY IS PLANNED TO BE PUT INTO OPERATION IN
1976. ALL IN ALL, AS COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE, DETROIT
IS AIMING FOR SAVINGS FAR IN EXCESS OF THE $2.50/MIL GAL EXPECTED TO BE
REALIZED WITH THE OXYGENATED ACTIVATED SLUDGE. EARLY ESTIMATES ARE THAT
ON A PLANT-WIDE BASIS, OVERALL OPERATING AND CAPITAL COSTS WILL HAVE
BEEN TRIMMED BY $21.35/MIL GAL THROUGH INNOVATIVE DESIGN FEATURES.
(POERTNER)
FIELD 05D, 08C
ACCESSION NO. W72-03972
212
-------
POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM FOR THE DETROIT REGIONAL WATERSHED.
DETROIT DEPT. OF WATER SERVICE, MICH.
SEPTEMBER 1966. 42 ,P, 3 FIG, 4 TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
^PLANNING, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION, ^FUTURE
PLANNING(PROJECTED), *WATER POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *LAKE ERIE, CITIES,
URBANIZATION, MICHIGAN, WASTE WATER TREATMENT, SEWAGE DISPOSAL,
SEWERAGE, TREATMENT FACILITIES, INVESTMENT,- SANITARY ENGINEERING,
PROGRAMS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL.
IDENTIFIERS:
*DETROIT(MICH), REGIONAL WASTE WATER DISPOSAL.
ABSTRACT:
THE- WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM ADOPTED BY THE DETROIT BOARD OF
WATER COMMISSIONERS IN 1966, IS EXPLAINED. THE PROGRAM CALLS FOR
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES OF $327 MILLION BETWEEN 1966 AND 1975, AIVD $595
MILLION IN THE PERIOD 1976-2000. THE PROGRAM IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE THE
ORDERLY AND EFFECTIVE GROWTH OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITIES AND
COMMUNITY WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEMS. MAJOR OBJECTIVES ARE: (1)
SYSTEMATIC AND ORDERLY DEVELOPMENT OF A SINGLE POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
FOR THE DETROIT REGIONAL WATERSHED; (2) CONSTRUCTION OF AN AREA-WIDE
WASTEWATER INTERCEPTOR SYSTEM; (3) INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF
FACILITIES FOR ADVANCED WASTEWATER TREATMENT; (4) FURTHER REDUCTION OF
STORMWATER OVERFLOWS; (5) ACCELERATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER CONTROL
ON A COOPERATIVE GOVERNMENT-INDUSTRY BASIS; <6) IMPROVED METHODS OF
WASTE DISPOSAL FOR PLEASURE BOATS AND FREIGHTERS; (7) REGULATION OF
WATER LEVELS IN THE LAKE ST. CLAIR-DETROIT RIVER-LAKE ERIE COMPLEX TO
AID IN STREAM AND SHORELINE BEAUTIFICATION; (8) TIGHTER CONTROL OF LAKE
AND RIVER DREDGING AND LANDFILL PRACTICES; (9) INTERNATIONAL ASSURANCE
THAT THE CANADIAN COMMUNITIES WILL TAKE EQUIVALENT ACTION TO ENHANCE
THE WATER QUALITY OF THE GREAT LAKES; AND (10) CONTINUATION OF A BROAD
AND SOUND FINANCING BASE (FOUNDED UPON USER CHARGES) TO ASSURE
UNINTERRUPTED PROGRESS. ACCELERATION IS POSSIBLE THROUGH USE OF FEDERAL
AND STATE GRANTS. EQUIPMENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATES IS BEING
INCLUDED IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ACCOMPANYING PROCESSES STUDIED, IN AN
ATTEMPT TO RESTORE THE QUALITY OF LAKE ERIE. THOUGH THE MAJOR EMPHASIS
IN THE NEXT SEVERAL YEARS WILL BE ON ADVANCED TREATMENT, MASSIVE
PROGRAMS ARE ALSO PLANNED FOR REGIONAL INTERCEPTORS, SEWERS, AND
OVERFLOW CONTROLS. (POERTNER)
FIELD 05D, 05G
ACCESSION NO. W72-03973
213
-------
THE NORTHWEST OHIO WATER DEVELOPMENT PLAN.
BURGESS AND NIPLE LTD.. COLUMBUS, OHIO.
OHIO WATER COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, COLUMBUS, JANUARY,
1967. 318 P, 64 FIG, 111 TAB.
DESCRIPTORS:
^PLANNING, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION, *OH10, WATER
SUPPLY, WATER QUALITY, INDUSTRIAL WATER, AGRICULTURE, HUMAN POPULATION,
RECREATION, STREAMFLOW, FLOOD CONTROL, UNDERGROUND STORAGE, WATER
QUALITY ACT, FINANCE, GROUNDWATER, RESERVOIRS, LAKE ERIE, PIPELINES,
WATER POLLUTION ABATEMENT.
ABSTRACT:
THE NORTHWEST OHIO WATER DEVELOPMENT PLAN PROVIDES A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES THAT WILL GIVE MAXIMUM SUPPORT
TO -THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION AND THE STATE. IN ADDITION,
IT PRESENTS PROGRAMS FOR THE TOTAL MANAGEMENT OF WATER SO THAT OPTIMUM
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BENEFITS MAY BE REALIZED. A COMPREHENSIVE AND
BALANCED PLAN FOR ALL PHASES OF WATER MANAGEMENT ARE PROVIDED BY THE
STUDY INCLUDING: PUBLIC, INDUSTRIAL, AND AGRICULTURAL WATER SUPPLY;
STREAM WATER QUALITY CONTROL 5 STREAM FLOW IMPROVEMENTS; RECREATIONAL
NEEDS; AND FLOOD CONTROL. TWO ESTIMATES OF FUTURE WATER NEEDS FOR EACH
CITY AND VILLAGE HAVING A PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY, AND FOR INDUSTRY, ARE
PRESENTED. ONE IS BASED ON A PROJECTION OF HISTORIC GROWTH RATES, AND
THE OTHER IS BASED ON AN ACCELERATED GROWTH RATE THAT COULD OCCUR IF
WATER IS NOT LIMITING IN QUANTITY OR QUALITY. THE RECOMMENDED WATER
PLAN IS BASED ON THE ACCELERATED GROWTH THAT WOULD BE SUSTAINED BY THE
FULLY DEVELOPED ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE REGION. THE PUBLIC WATER
SUPPLY PORTION OF THE PLAN HAS BEEN LIMITED TO THE DELIVERY OF RAW
WATER TO EXISTING OR FUTURE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS. EXPANDABLE
CAPACITIES OF EXISTING PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES ARE SHOWN. SUPPLIES FROM
STREAM FLOW, UPGROUND OR ONSTREAM STORAGE, UNDERGROUND SOURCES, AND
PIPELINES FROM LAKE ERIE ARE PRESENTED AS ALTERNATE POSSIBILITIES TO
THE RECOMMENDED PLAN. POLLUTION ABATEMENT PHASES OF THE PLAN ARE
DESIGNED TO MEET STREAM WATER QUALITY STANDARDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE
FEDERAL WATER QUALITY ACT OF 1965. FINANCING METHODS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. (POERTNER)
FIELD 06D, 04B
ACCESSION NO. W72-03976
214
-------
ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF A THERMAL POWER PLANT ON THE AQUATIC HABITAT OF A LARGE
FRESH WATER LAKE IN THE UNITED STATESt
DETROIT EDISON CO.t MICH.; AND MICHIGAN STATE UNIV., EAST LANSING.
J. J. ROOSEN, AND R. C. BALL.
PAPER 2.1-47, 8TH WORLD ENERGY CONFERENCE, BUCHAREST, ROMANIA, JUNE-JULY,
1971. 19 P, 4 FIG, 2 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*ECOLOGY, *THERMAL POLLUTION, *THERMAL POWERPLANTS, FISH,
*ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER POLLUTION, AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, BIOLOGY,
WATERFOWL, ELECTRIC UTILITIES, INDUSTRIAL PLANTS, SAMPLING, PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES, WATER QUALITY, *LAKES, INVESTIGATIONS, AQUATIC LIFE.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAXE ERIE, GREAT LAKES.
ABSTRACT:
THE 5'GREAT LAKES PROVIDE A LARGE SUPPLY OF FRESH WATER AND VAST WATER
RESOURCES TO NORTH CENTRAL AND NORTHEASTERN U S AND SOUTHERN CANADA.
THE DETROIT EDISON CO, IN SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN, USES THESE WATERS FOR
A VARIETY OF PURPOSES; THE LARGEST USE IS THE ECONOMICAL CONDENSATION
OF STEAM FROM THERMAL PLANTS PROVIDING A LOW-COST AND RELIABLE SOURCE
OF ELECTRIC POWER. RECENT EXPANSION OF ELECTRICAL USE IN THE AREA HAS
RESULTED IN THE SITING OF A 3200-MW FOSSIL-FUELED PLANT ON THE MICHIGAN
SHORE OF LAKE ERIE. THE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF THE AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT OF THE LAKE RECEIVING DISCHARGES FROM THE LARGE GENERATING
PLANT ARE DESCRIBED. THE DESIGN BASIS AND DESCRIPTION OF THE 4-YR
ECOLOGICAL PROGRAM FORMULATED BY MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY TO DETERMINE
THE IMPACT OF THE PLANT ON THE AQUATIC HABITAT ARE INCLUDED.
INFORMATION WILL BE COLLECTED ON: (1) BASIC PLANT PRODUCING GROUPS—THE
PERIPHYTON, THE PHYTOPLANKTON AND THE MACROPHYTES, (2) ZOOPLANKTON, (3)
BOTTOM FAUNA, (4) FISH, AND (5) WATERFOWL. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
STUDIES ARE ALSO DESCRIBED. SIGNIFICANCE OF PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND
BIOLOGICAL CHANGES ARE DISCUSSED FROM THE STANDPOINTS OF MINIMIZING
DETRIMENTAL ECOLOGICAL CHANGES AND CONSERVING THE LARGE FRESH WATER
RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR MULTIPURPOSE USE. (USBR)
FIELD 05C, 02H, 06G
ACCESSION NO. W72-04110
215
-------
LAW AND THE ECOSYSTEM: DOES NATURE HAVE A LEGAL PERSONALITYt
WISCONSIN UNIV.t GREEN BAY.
A. E. BEDROSIANt J., E. BERRY, J. W. KOLKA, AND T. W. THOMPSON.
PRESENTED AT PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY, GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN, APRIL 22, 1971. 6 P, 4 REF. OWRR
B-046-WIS(5).
DESCRIPTORS:
*POLITICAL ASPECTS, GOVERNMENTS, ECOSYSTEM, INTERSTATE, *WATER LAW,
*LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAKES REGION, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, POLLUTING
ABATEMENT, SOCIAL ASPECTS.
IDENTIFIERS:
SUPREME COURT, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH.
ABSTRACT:
THE SUPREME COURT OF -THE UNITED STATES REFUSES ORIGINAL JURISDICTION IN
A MULTI-STATE CASE OF MERCURY POLLUTION IN LAKE ERIE. LEGAL CONCEPTIONS
OF THE PHYSICAL UNIVERSE TEND TO BE ANTHROPOCENTRIC. A HUMAN CENTERED
UNIVERSE INHIBITS RECOGNITION OF HUMANS AS COMPLEX ORGANISMS INHABITING
AN ECOSYSTEM. MEANINGFUL SOLUTIONS TO ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS WILL
ULTIMATELY COMPEL LEGAL RECOGNITION OF ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES
WITHIN THESE SYSTEMS.
FIELD 06E, 06A
ACCESSION NO. W72-04290
216
-------
STRATEGIES FOR CONTROL OF MAN-MADE EUTROPHICATION,
COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC WORKS (U.S. SENATE).
R. D. GRUNDY.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 5, NO 12, P 1184-1190, DECEMBER
1971. 6 FIG, 5 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *PHOSPHATES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *WASTE WATER
TREATMENT, *COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, DETERGENTS, PHOSPHORUS, NITROGEN,
NUTRIENTS, SEWAGE, WATER TEMPERATURE, LIGHT PENETRATION, CARBON, LAKE
ERIE, RUNOFF, EROSION, CHLORELLA, SODIUM COMPOUNDS, ALKALINITY, MINING,
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, ECONOMICS, ALGAE, AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS,
LEGISLATION.
IDENTIFIERS:
POTOMAC RIVER, ALAFIA RIVER, CHLORELLA PYRENOIDOSA, SODIUM SILICATE,
SODIUM METASILICATE,. LAKE WASHINGTON, NITRILOTRIACETATE, HUMAN FECES.
• ABSTRACT:
SOURCES OF PHOSPHATES, AND OTHER NUTRIENTS IN THE AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
INCLUDE NOT ONLY OET€RGENTS, BUT ALSO SEWAGE, EROSION, AND AGRICULTURAL
RUNOFF. ON A NATIONAL BASIS, DETERGENTS PROVIDE 30 TO 40 PERCENT OF ALL
THE PHOSPHORUS ENTERING THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT. HOWEVER, THIS FIGURE
IS SHOWN TO VARY ON A REGIONAL BASIS. BECAUSE THERE ARE MANY OTHER
SOURCES OF PHOSPHATES, THEIR CONTROL IN DETERGENTS IS NOT IN ITSELF A
SUFFICIENT STRATEGY TO CONTROL EUTROPHICATION. ALSO, ANY REGULATION ON
PHOSPHATES IN DETERGENTS SHOULD NOT BE UNDERTAKEN WITHOUT CAREFUL
CONSIDERATION OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF
ALTERNATIVE FORMULATIONS. VALID CONTROL STRATEGIES SHOULD INCLUDE
ADVANCED WASTE WATER TREATMENTS, DIVERSION, DILUTION, AND LAND
DISPOSAL. WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION PROCESSES,
NOT ONLY REMOVES PHOSPHORUS BUT ALSO FACILITATES THE REMOVAL OF BOD,
TOXICANTS, AND OTHER NUTRIENTS. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS SHOW THAT 90
PERCENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER COULD BE TREATED FOR PHOSPHORUS
REMOVAL AT LESS COST TO THE CONSUMER THAN THE INCREASED PRODUCT COSTS
FOR DETERGENT PHOSPHATE SUBSTITUTES. IT IS ALSO SIGNIFICANT THAT
TREATMENT REDUCES TOTAL. PHOSPHATE LEVELS WHILE PRODUCT CONTROLS AFFECT
DETERGENT PHOSPHATE ALONE. (MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05D, 05G, 05C
ACCESSION NO. W72-04734
217
-------
EXPANDED PROGRAM FOR PESTICIDE MONITORING OF FISHt
BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFEt WASHINGTON, D.C.
A. INGLIS, C. HENDERSONt AND W. L. JOHNSON.
PESTICIDES MONITORING JOURNAL, VOL 5, NO 1, P 47-49, JUNE 1971. 1 FIG, 1 TAB,
4 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*PESTICIDE RESIDUES, *MONITORING, *LIPIDS, ODT, DIELDRIN, ALDRIN,
ENDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, COLORADO RIVER, COLUMBIA RIVER, DELAWARE RIVER,
HUDSON RIVER, MISSISSIPPI RIVER, MISSOURI RIVER, OHIO RIVER, RIO
GRANDE, LAKE ERIE, LAKE HURON, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE ONTARIO, LAKE
SUPERIOR, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER, TENNESSEE RIVER.
IDENTIFIERS:
DDE, TDE, BHC, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, CHLORDANE, TOXAPHENE, MERCURY,
ARSENIC, LEAD, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS.
ABSTRACT:
BEGINNING IN THE FALL OF 1970, 50 NEW STATIONS WERE ADDED TO THE
ORIGINAL 50 STATIONS SAMPLED ANNUALLY BY THE BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES
AND WILDLIFE FOR MONITORING PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FISH. THE ORIGINAL 50
STATIONS, SAMPLED SINCE THE SPRING 1967, WILL BE RETAINED IN THE
EXPANDED PROGRAM. THREE COMPOSITE SAMPLES, EACH CONTAINING 3-5 ADULT
FISH OF A SINGLE SPECIES, WILL BE COLLECTED. ALL COMPOSITE SAMPLES WILL
BE REPLICATED FOR A TOTAL OF 600 SAMPLES ANALYZED ANNUALLY. RESIDUE
ANALYSES.WILL BE PERFORMED FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTITATION OF
DDT, DDE, TDE, DIELDRIN, ALDRIN, ENDRIN, BHC, HEPTACHLOR, HEPTACHLOR
EPOXIDE, CHLORDANE, TOXAPHENE, MERCURY, ARSENIC, AND LEAD. SAMPLES WILL
BE SCREENED FOR THE PRESENCE OF INTERFERING POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL
COMPOUNDS (PCB'S). FISH WILL BE COLLECTED AND HANDLED IN SUCH A MANNER
AS TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION OF THE SAMPLE WITH EXTRANEOUS CHEMICALS.,
(MORTLAND-BATTELLE)
FIELD 05A, 05B, 07A
ACCESSION NO. W72-04740
218
-------
SNOWFALL FROM LAKE-EFFECT STORMS,
STATE UNIV., ALBANY, NEW YORK.
J. E. JIUSTO, AND M. L. KAPLAN.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW, VOL 100,
REF. NOAA GRANT E22-13-69IG).
NO It P 62-66, JANUARY 1972. 4 FIG, 5 TAB, 8
DESCRIPTORS:
*SNOWFALL, *GREAT LAKES, *STORMS, CLIMATOLOGY, METEOROLOGY, GREAT LAKES
REGION, SNOW, WEATHER, WEATHER PATTERNS, DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS.
IDENTIFIERS:
*LAKE-EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.
ABSTRACT:
THREE YR OF WINTER LAKE-STORM DATA WERE ANALYZED TO DETERMINE SNOWFALL
DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS DOWNWIND OF LAKE ERIE AND LAKE ONTARIO. THE TOTAL
AMOUNT OF SNOWFALL AND THE AREA OF GROUND COVERED IN EACH OF 23
LAKE-E-FFECT STORMS WERE DETERMINED FOR BOTH LAKES. TOTAL SNOWFALL MASS
WAS HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON TIME OF YEAR; NOVEMBER AND EARLY DECEMBER
STORMS WERE TWO TO FIVE TIMES MORE PRODUCTIVE THAN JANUARY STORMS. A
CONSIDERABLE VARIATION IN SNOW DENSITY (SNOWFALL DEPTH TO MELT WATER
RATIO) COULD BE ATTRIBUTED MAINLY TO DIFFERENCES IN SNOW CRYSTAL TYPE.
(KNAPP-USGS)
FIELD 02B, 02C
ACCESSION NO. W72-04845
219
-------
ORGANIC CARBON AND NITROGEN IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF LAKES ONTARIO, ERIE AND
HURON,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES, BURLINGTON (ONTARIO). CANADA
CENTRE FOR INLAND WATERS.
A. L. W. KEMP.
J SEDIMENT PETROLOGY. 41(2): 537-548. 1971. ILLUS.
IDENTIFIERS:
BOTTOM, CANADA, CARBON, ERIE, HURON, LAKES, NITROGEN, ONTARIO, ORGANIC,
ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS, SURFACE.
ABSTRACT:
ANALYSES OF 355 SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLES (TOP CM) FROM LAKES ONTARIO,
ERIE AND HURON WERE CARRIED OUT FOR ORGANIC C, CARBONATE C, EH, PH, N
AND SEDIMENT TEXTURE. SIMILAR ANALYSES WERE CARRIED OUT ON A
REPRESENTATIVE CORE FROM EACH LAKE AT CLOSE INTERVALS DOWN TO 20 CM.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE SEDIMENTS OF EACH LAKE WAS
RELATED TO THE TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE LAKES. ORGANIC CARBON
CONTENT WAS FOUND TO BE DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE CLAY CONTENT OF
THE SEDIMENT, RANGING FROM LESS THAN 1% IN THE COARSE NEARSHORE SANDS
TO OVER 4% IN THE FINE CLAY MUDS WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL LAKE SUB-BASINS.
THE ORGANIC C CONTENT OF LAKE ERIE SEDIMENTS WAS GENERALLY -LOKER THAN
THAT OF LAKES HURON AND ONTARIO, AND IS ATTRIBUTED TO DILUTION OF THE
SEDIMENTS WITH COARSER NON-CLAY PARTICLES. NITROGEN WAS DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO ORGANIC C WITH C-N RATIOS RANGING FROM 7 TO 13 IN THE
SURFACE SEDIMENT. ORGANIC C AND N DECREASED SHARPLY FROM THE SURFACE
DOWN TO ABOUT 10 CM IN EACH CORE. THE DECREASE IS DUE PARTLY TO
MINERALIZATION OF ORGANIC MATTER BY BOTTOM ORGANISMS AND PARTLY TO AN
INCREASING INPUT OF ORGANIC MATTER TO THE LAKES IN THE LAST 30
YR.—COPYRIGHT.1971, BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS, INC.
FIELD 02H, 02J
ACCESSION NO. W72-05003
220
-------
ABCS OF CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION AND ITS CONTROLS PART 2--WASTEWATERS,
METCALF AND EDDYt INC., BOSTONt MASS.
CLAIR N. SAWYER,
WATER AMD SEWAGE WORKSt P 322-327, OCTOBER 1971. 9 FIG, 1 TAB? 4 REF.
DESCRIPTORS:
*EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *WASTE WATER!POLLUTION),
VIRGINIA, NUTRIENTS, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, 'SEWAGE EFFLUENTS, SEWAGE
TREATMENT, ALGAE, WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, CHLOROPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA,
WASHINGTON, DIVERSION, LAKE ERIE, NITROGEN FIXATION, DETERGENTS, CARBON
DIOXIDE, ALKALINITY, BURNING, DOMESTIC WASTES, INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
AGRICULTURE, SURFACE RUNOFF, WISCONSIN.
IDENTIFIERS:
*NI-TROGENS PHOSPHORUS RATIO, LAKE WAUBESAIWIS), OCCOQUAN RESERVOIR!VA),
MADISON(WIS), LAKE MENDOTA(WIS), LAKE MONONA(WIS), LAKE KEGONSA(WIS ),
LAKE WASHINGTON(WASH), GREEN LAKE(WASH).
• ABSTRACT:
WASTEWATERS AS A NUTRIENT SOURCE BECOMES APPARENT IN THE CULTURAL
EUTROPHICATION PROBLEM. DATA PRIOR TO THE ADVENT OF SYNTHETIC
DETERGENTS CONTAINING PHOSPHATES WERE COLLECTED FROM LAKE WAUBESA,
WISCONSINo OCCOQUAN RESERVOIR, VIRGINIA, INDICATED A LARGER RELATIVE
INCREASE IN PHOSPHORUS, AS COMPARED TO NITROGEN THAN THAT ENTERING LAKE
WAUBESA, PROBABLY DUE TO THE HIGHER PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF MODERN
SEWAGES DUE TO PHOSPHATE-BEARING SYNTHETIC DETERGENTS, CULTURAL
EUTROPHICATION CONTROL DEPENDS UPON LIMITING THE INPUT OF BOTH
PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN. OF THE MAJOR INORGANIC NUTRIENT SOURCES,
DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS ARE EASIEST TO CONTAIN AND TREAT
WHILE AGRICULTURAL SOURCES ARE PROBABLY THE MOST DIFFICULT TO CONTROL;
PHOSPHORUS CONTROL ALONE MAY SUFFICE IN SOME LOCATIONS,, LAKES WAUBESA
AND KEGONSA (WISCONSIN) AND LAKE WASHINGTON HAVE RECOVERED AFTER
DIVERSION OF SEWAGE. THE BASIC PHILOSOPHY IS SCIENTIFICALLY CORRECT
THAT, IF THE DEGREE OF CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION IS RELATED TO THE DEGREE
OF FERTILIZATION, ANY REDUCTION IN WASTEWATER QUANTITY OR IN EQUIVALENT
NUTRIENTS SHOULD REDUCE PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY. ELIMINATION OF PHOSPHATES
IN DETERGENTS WOULD BE BENEFICIAL TO THE GREAT LAKES5 REMOVAL OF 80* OF
PHOSPHORUS FROM WASTEWATERS MAY OR MAY NOT BE ADEQUATE? DEPENDING UPON
LAKE SIZE AND DETENTION TIME. (JONES-WISCONSIN)
FIELD 05C
ACCESSION NO. W72-05473
221
-------
S EFFECTS, MESOTROPHY.:
*RIPARIAN LANDS, LEGISL/ *OHIO,
S(PROPERTY), *BOUNDARY DISPUTES,
ARIES(PROP/ *OHIO, *LAND TENURE,
DARY DISPUTE/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE,
EATMENT, *WASTE WATER TREATMENT,
G, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT,
G, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT,
GE DISTRICTS, *WATER RES/ *OHIO,
HID, ^CONSERVATION, ""REGULATION,
K, *BEDS, *PERMITS, LEGISLATION,
C/ *PESTICIDE KINETICS, *LAKES,
ICIDES, *B/ *PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
^SEDIMENTS, LAKES, *CHLORINATE/
STE WATER TREATME/ *OXYGENATION,
LOGICAL DATA, #DATA COLLECTIONS,
PESTICIDE, *FLOCCULATION, *BAC/
TEMS ANALYSIS, DATA COLLECTIONS,
XATION, NUTRIENTS, LAKE ERIE.:
, *LAKES, RHODOPHYTA, SHORES.:
•CIPAL WASTES, *GREAT LAKES, *WA/
CYANOPHYTA, UNITED STATES, HABI/
ATS, LAKES, AQUAT/ *LAKE SHORES,
, *EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES,
, ARMOLDIELLA CONCHOPHILA MILLE/
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS/ *SEDIMENTS,
STAGESi FLOOD FREQU/ FLOOD PEAK,
*LANDFILLS, *OWNERSHIP OF BEDS,
H MANAGEMENT, *FISH POPULATIONS,
PLANKTON, *DIATOMS, ^TURBULENCE,
S, CONDEMNATION, EMINENT DOMAIN,
CARBON PESTICIDE, *FLOCCULATION,
TRATIGRAPHY, *LAKE ER/ *SURVEYS,
INPUTS, CHI/ ^NUTRIENT BUDGETS,
DOMAIN, *AVULSION, BEDS, STORMS,
, *EROSION CONTROL, LEGI/ *OHIO,
MINISTRATIVE AGENCIE/ *NEW YORK,
E, PHOSPHORUS, FISH/ *NUTRIENTS,
LAWRENCE RIVER, OLIGOCHAETES, /
RUS, PHYTOPLANKTON, DIATOMS, ZO/
OLI/ *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO,
*EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT LAKES,
N,/ *MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY,
F CATCH, ST/ *POLITICAL FACTORS,
ARACTE/ *MICROSCOPIC SUBSTANCES,
OPES, HUMAN BRAIN, LO/ *MERCURY,
TS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
TS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES,
CATION, HISTORY, BENTHIC FAUNAS,
E, *LAKE MICHIGAN, *LAKE ONTARI/
, ANALYTICAL TECH/ CONFERENCES,
LELLA, SPHAERIID MOLLUSKS, CHIR/
SIS, SUBSTRATE, ORGANIC CARBON,/
HOSPHATES, IRON, ORG/ ^SAMPLING,
R, #LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, C/
WATER POLLUTIO/ *ORGANIC MATTER,
ION, *FLOCCULATION, *PESTICIDES,
DISPUTES, *ACCRETION(LEG/ *OHIO,
^ACCELERATED EUTROPHICATION, MAN' W68-00247
*ACCESS ROUTES, *RIPARIAN RIGHTS, W69-05555
*ACCRETION(LEGAL ASPECTS), LEGAL W69-06388
*ACCRETION(LEGAL ASPECTS), *BOUND W71-04330
*ACCRETIONS(LEGAL ASPECTS), *BOUN W71-00509
*ACTIVATED SLUDGE, MICHIGAN, LAKE W72-03972
^ADMINISTRATION, ^FUTURE PLANNING W72-03973
*ADMINISTRATION, *OHIO, WATER SUP W72-03976
*ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, *DRAINA W71-06046
*ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, EROSION W70-03643
^ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ADMINIS W69-03919
*ADSORPTION, *SUSPENDED LOAD, GAS W70-01669
^ADSORPTION, *FLOCCULATION, *PEST W72-03115
*ADSORPTION, *ORGANIC PESTICIDES, W71-10065
*AERATION, *SEWAGE TREATMENT, *WA W72-03972
*AIR POLLUTION, *METEOROLOGY, *SN W72-03121
*ALDRIN, ^CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON W71-06000
*ALGAE CONTROL, *LAKE ERIE, BIOCH W71-04758
*ALGAE, *CYANOPHYTA, *NITROGEN FI W70-05091
*ALGAE, *CHLOROPHYTA, #CYANOPHYTA W71-12489
*ALGAE, ^INDUSTRIAL WASTES, *MUNI W70-04430
*ALGAE, *LAKE ERIE, CHLOROPHYTA, W70-04468
*ALGAE, *LAKE ERIE, AQUATIC HABIT W71-09156
*ALGAE, NUTRIENTS, PHOSPHORUS, PO W70-00667
*ALGAL SPECIES, WESTERN LAKE ERIE W71-09156
*ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, *NEUTRON W72-01101
SANNUAL FLOOD, *FLOOD DATA, PEAK W68-00023
^APPROPRIATION, *OHIO, LITTORAL, W69-06619
*AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, *FISH HARVE W71-09387
*AQUATIC PLANTS, *WATER TEMPERATU W71-09561
*AVULSION, BEDS, STORMS, *BEACH E W69-00515
*BACTERIA, LAKE ERIE, ADSORPTION, W71-06000
*BACTERIAL FLOCS.: W72-03115
*BATHYMETRY, *SEISMIC STUDIES, *S W71-05567
*BAY OF QUINTE(ONTARIO), NUTRIENT W71-11009
*BEACH EROSION, WAVES(WATER), ERO W69-00515
*BEACH EROSION, *SHORE PROTECTION W70-03405
*BEDS, *PERMITS, LEGISLATION, *AD W69-03919
*BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS, *LAKE ERI W70-04465
*BENTHIC FAUNA, *GREAT LAKES, *ST W70-03315
*BENTHIC FAUNA, NITROGEN, PHOSPHO W70-04253
*BENTHOS, OXYGEN, EUTROPHICATION, W70-01945
*BENTHOS, *INDICATORS, BIOMASS, S W72-01105
*BIOINDICATORS, SAMPLING, MICHIGA W71-08880
^BIOLOGICAL FACTORS, REAL VALUE 0 W71-09897
*BIOLOGICAL ENRICHMENT, GROWTH CH W71-12064
*BIOLOGICAL TISSUES, MERCURY ISOT W71-11036
*BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, WATER POL W71-05805
^BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.: /OLLUTAN W71-05806
*BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES, PHOSPHOR W68-00687
^BIOLOGY, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERI W70-01943
*BIOTA, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO W70-01942
*BIOTIC CHANGES, PONTOPOREIA, HYA W70-01945
*BOTTOM SAMPLING, *SEDIMENT ANALY W71-06187
*BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE, *P W71-05571
*BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *ORGANIC MATTE W71-05565
*BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *GREAT LAKES, W71-10327
*BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, LAKES, LAKE ER W72-03115
*BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), *BOUNDARY W69-06388
223
-------
NUREt *ACCRETION(LEGAL ASPECTS)?
RIE, *ACCRETIONS(LEGAL ASPECTS)?
G/ *OHiqt *BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY),
*WAVES(kATER) , SHORE PROTECTION/
*GREAT LAKES, HARBOR MODELS* LA/
WAVES(WATER) ,/ *WATER POLLUTION?
t WYAND/ ^CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL*
ITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON, .*P/ *LAKES,
CASCINbDISCUSt APHANIZAMENON, /
I/ *EUTROPHICATION, ^PHOSPHORUS,
PHOSPHATE DETERGENT BAN, WYAND/
NIC COMPOUNDS, CARB/ *LAKE ERIE,
S, LAKE ERIE, LAKE/ *RIVER FLOW,
SH POPULATIONS, *EUTROPH 1C AT ION ,
S, *NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS,
XYGEN/ *SAMPLING, *LAKE ONTARIO,
INDANE, BHC, CHLODRANE, METHYL,/
POLLUTION, *POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
TRACHELOMONAS, / *PHOTOB IOLOGY,
•ANNING, CONTRACTS, OHIO, SEWERS,
C PESTICIDES, ^SEDIMENTS, LAKES,
LANTS, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
D, *METABOLIS"M» *M ICROORGANISMS ,
E, *-FLOCCULATION, *BAC/ *ALDRIN,
LITIES, ^OVERFLOW, FLOW CONTROL,
CONTROL, *OVERFLOW FLOW CONTROL,
, RHODOPHYTA, SHORES.: *ALGAE,
LATION, MUNI/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE,
ALCIUM, SODIU/ *WATE.R CHEMISTRY,
WERS. :
*GRAVITY SEWER,
TERCEPTOR SEW/ COMBINED SEWERS,
E ERIE, *SEWE/ '*COMBINED SEWERS,
*COMBINED SEWERS, *LAKE ERIE.:
YORK, *DATA COLLECTIONS, CL IMAT/
INT/ *SNOWSTORMS, *GREAT LAKES,
OWSTORMS, REDUCTION, CLOUD PHYS/
VES(WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *ENERGY,
*STABILIZATION-RETENTION BASINS,
CLEVELAND(OHIO), *STORAGE TANKS,
), *POLYMERS, *LAKE ERIE, *SEWE/
), *LAKE ERIE, *INTERCEPTOR SEW/
ALKALI PLANTS, MINAMATA DISEASE,
AKE ERIE, NAVIGABLE WATE/ *OHIO,
*LAKE ONTARIO, ANALYTICAL TECH/
*MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *WIND EF/
LAKES, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE HURO/
MAKING, ^ENVIRONMENT, *CONTROL,
NISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ERO/ *OHIO,
WAGE TREATMENT.: ^OVERFLOW,
S, CARGO DIVERSION/ ^CONTAINERS,
S, CARGO PORTS, CARGO DIVERSION/
*DECISION MAKING, *ENV I RONMENT ,
CONTROL, *WASTE WATER TREATMENT?
RIVER(MICH), DETROIT RIVER(MICH/
CASTIN/ *DISPERSION, *DIFFUSION,
ED LAKES, LAKE ICE, MEASUREMENT/
*BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), BOUNDARY D WT1-04330
*BOUNDARY DISPUTES, BOUNDAR I ES ( PR W71-00509
*BOUNDARY DISPUTES, *ACCRETION( LE W69-06388
^BREAKWATERS? *HYDRAULIC MODELS, W70-09178
^BREAKWATERS? *HYDRAULIC MODELS, W72-03138
*BROMINE, *IODINE.: W69-08562
*BUOYS, *LAKE ERIE, TEMPERATURE, W69-09147
'"CANADIAN PHOSPHATE DETERGENT BAN W70-07283
#CARBON CYCLE, *PRIMARY PRODUCTIV W69-02523
*CARBON-14, *PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE, W70-04497
*CARBON, BACTERIA, ALGAE, SYMBIOS W70-07283
*CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, ^CANADIAN W70-07283
*CARBONATES, '"EQUILIBRIUM, INORGA W72-01111
*CHAGRIN RIVER, *EASTLAKE ( OH 10 ) . : W71-07180
*CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, *GREAT LAKE W69-02693
*CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, NUTRIENTS, W68-00247
*CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, GREAT LAKES, W72-C1101
*CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, DISSOLVED 0 W70-06966
*CHEMICAL RECOVERY, *PARATHION, L W71-04201
*CHEMICAL WASTES, POLLUTANTS, POL W71-03294
*CHEMICAL PROCESSES, GLENODINIUM, W70-03965
*CHLORINATION.: /ILITIES, CITY PL W71-07853
*CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICID W71-10065
=f=CHLORINATION, *POLLUTION ABATEME WTL-06389
^CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICID W71-12064
^CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICID W7:i-06000
*CHLORINATION, STORM RUNOFF, *WAT W69-01538
*CHLORINATION, 01 SCHARGE ( WA TER ) . : W69-01536
*CHLOROPHYTA, *CYANOPHYTA, *LAKES W71-12489
*CITIES, *LAND DEVELOPMENT, LEGIS W70-05771
*CLAY MINERALS, *LAKES, SILICA, C W7L-05888
*CLEVELAND(OHIO>? ^INTERCEPTOR SE W71-07853
*CLEVELAND, OHIO.: W71.-06389
*CLEVELAND, CUYAHOGA RIVER.: W70-10177
*CLEVELAND(OKIO), *LAKE ERIE, *IN W69-01536
*CLEVELAND(OHIO), *POLYMERS, *LAK W69-01538
*CLEVELAND(OHIO), ^STORAGE TANKS, W69-01537
*CLIMATIC DATA, *LAKE ERIE, *NEW W70-073A5
*CLIMATOLOGY, ANALYSIS, AIR WATER W71-0515A
*CLOUD SEEDING, *GREAT LAKES, *SN W71-05153
*COASTAL ENGINEERING, GREAT LAKES W71-05894
*COLLECTION SYSTEMS.: /ND(OHIO), W71-00411
*COMBINED SEWERS, *LAKE ERIE.: * W69-01537
COMBINED SEWERS, *CL EVELANDI OHIO W69-01538
*COMBINED SEWERS, *CL EVELAND ( OH 10 W69-01536
^CONCENTRATION MECHANISMS.: /LOR- W70-10322
^CONDEMNATION, ^RIPARIAN LAND, *L W69-08140
*CONFERENCES, *BIOTA, *LAKE ERIE, W70-01942
*CONFERENCES, FLUID FLOW, *LAKES, W71-01517
*CONFERENCES, ^LIMNOLOGY, *GREAT W71-05561
*CONSERVATION, *WATER.: /DECISION W72-03947
CONSERVATION, *REGULATION, *ADMI W70-03643
^CONSTRUCTION, *SEWAGE LAGOON, SE W69-01537
*CONTAINER FACILITIES, CARGO PORT W72-00385
*CONTAINERS, *CONTAINER FACILITIE W72-00385
*CONTROL, ^CONSERVATION, *WATER.: W72-03947
*COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, DETERGENT W72-04734
*CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION, MAUMEE W70-04496
*CURRENT METERS, *LAKE ERIE, FORE W70-09219
*CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *IC W70-08479
224
-------
RKOV PROCESSES^ STOCHAS/ *LAKES,
TA COLLECTIONS!)/ *WATER QUALITY,
*WATER CIRCULATION? *LAKE ERIE,
MER/ *WATER CIRCULATION, *WINDS,
SHORESc,: *ALGAE9 *CHLOROPHYTA,
WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, LAKES?
NUTRIENTS, LAKE ERIE,,: *ALGAE,
*FLOOD DAMAGE, DAM/ *MINNESOTA,
*OHIO, *FLOOD CONTROL, *LEVEES,
Y, *CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE ERIE,
TIC DATA, *LAKE ERIE, *NEW YORK,
OW, *SNOWFALL, *HYDROLOGIC DATA,
*HEAVY METALS, *TRACE ELEMENTS,
, *METEOR/ *METEOROLOGICAL DATA,
OLLUTION, *STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,
LVED SOLIDS, *WATER TEMPERATURE,
TICIDE/ *GREAT LAKES, *DIELDRIN,
CONTROL, *CONSERVATI/ *PLANNING,
EFFECTS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, N/
ERIE, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAN/
RUS, *NITROGEN, SEWAGE DISPOSAL,
• *GREAT LA/ *PHOSPHATES, *LAKES,
NADA, ONTARIO, *ST0 CLAIR RIVER,
ION0i
TER DISPOSAL,,';
N, *METROPOLITAN AREAS, BLONDIN/
CATION,
PHYTOPLANKTON,
LANTS, *WATER T/ *PHYTOPLANKTON,
OCARBON PESTICIDE/ *GREAT LAKES,
ICIDES/ *WASTE WATER(POLLUT ION ) ,
E ERIE, FORECASTIN/ *DISPERSION,
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *LAKE ERIE,
METERS, *LAKE ERIE, FORECASTIN/
*GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, CURRE/
OCHAS/ *LAKES, ^CURRENTS(WATER),
TEMPERATURE, ""DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
ATIC PLANTS, *WATER TEMPERATURE,
ATIC ENVIRONMENT, *FISH HARVEST,
E MORPHOLOGY, *DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
E MORPHOMETRY, *LAKE MORPHOLOGY,
ONAL, WINTE/ *LAKE ERIE, *LAKES,
CATION, GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
, GREAT LAKES, LAKES, LIMNOLOGY,
E, *ZOOPLANKTON, DAPHNIA, CYCLO/
*OHIO, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES,
MATES, CONDUCTANCE/ *NEAR-SHORE,
*CHAGRIN RIVER,
GOONS, LAKE ERIE, ORGAN/ *LAKES,
LAKES, *ALGAE, NUTRIENTS, PHOS/
ERMAL POWERPLANTS, FISH, *ENVIR/
CTSot *OUALITY CONTROL POLICY,
CONOMY, ^POLLUTION ABATEMENT, T/
ECONOMIC / *LAKE ERIE, *FISHING,
S, ^INVESTMENT, TRANSPORTATION,
ROL, *STANDA/ *SYSTFMS ANALYSIS,
CTRIC POWER, STREAMFLOW RECORDS,
EAT / *WAVES(WATER), *LAKE ERIE,
TI/ *PLANNING, *DECISION MAKING,
ANALYSIS, RADIOACTI/ *SAMPLING,
*CURRENTS(WATER),
*CURRENTS(WATER),
*CURRENTS(WATER),
^CURRENTS!WATER),
*DISPE«SION, MA
*LAKE ERIE, *DA
WINDS, WAVESIWA
*LAKE ERIE, *NU
W70-06762
W71-05084
W71-05891
W71-13449
*CYANOPHYTA, *LAKES, RHODOPHYTA,
*CYANOPHYTA, *EUTROPHI CATION, WAT
*CYANOPHYTA, ^NITROGEN FIXATION,
*DAM CONSTRUCTION, *WATER LEVELS,
*DAMS, RESERVOIRS,
*DATA COLLECTIONS,
COLLECTIONS,
COLLECTIONS,
COLLECTIONS,
COLLECTIONS,
PROCESSING,
*DATA
*DATA
*DATA
*DATA
*DATA
*DDT,
*DDT,
MULTI-PURPOSE
*INSTRUMENTATI
CLIMATOLOGY, W
*OHIO, CLIMATO
*MICHIGAN, SUR
*AIR POLLUTION
LAKE ERIE, DIAT
*HEAVY METALS, GREAT LAKES,
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PES
^DECISION MAKING, '^ENVIRONMENT, *
*DECISION-MAKING, *ENVIRONMENTAL
*DESIGN, *INDUSTRIAL WASTES, LAKE
*DETERGENTS0: /HICATION, *PHOSPHO
*DETERGENTS, *TERTIARY TREATMENT,
*DETROIT RIVER0: / CHEMICAL OF CA
*DETROIT(MICH), PURE OXYGEN AERAT
*DETROIT(MICH), REGIONAL WASTE WA
*DEVOLUTION, *INTERSTATE POLLUTIO
*DIATOMS, LAKE MICHIGAN, EUTROPHI
*DIATOMS, *TURBULENCE, *AOUATIC P
*DIELDRIN, *DDT, CHLORINATED HYDR
*DIELDRIN, *ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PEST
*DIFFUSION, *CURRENT METERS, *LAK
*DIFFUSION, *MOVEMENT, TRACKING T
*DISPERSION, *DIFFUSION, ^CURRENT
^DISPERSION, *WATER CIRCULATION,
*DISPERSION(LAKES)o:
*DISPERSION, MARKOV PROCESSES, ST
^DISSOLVED SOLIDS, *LAKE, *WATER
*DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
^DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
^DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
*DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
^DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
*DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
*DISSOLVED OXYGEN,
*DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS, *LAKE ERI
*DRAINAGE DISTRICTS, *WATER RESOU
*EASTcRN LAKE ERIE, TANNINS, CHRO
*EASTLAKE(OHIO)oS
*ECOLOGY, *PONDS, *SAND SPITS, LA
*ECOLOGY, *EUTROPHICATION, *GREAT
*ECOLOGY, *THERMAL POLLUTION, *TH
*ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, GROSS PRODU
*ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES, *REGIONAL E
*ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, TIME, COSTS,
^ECONOMIC IMPACT, INCOME, SHIPSoS
*ECONOMICS, *WATER POLLUTION CONT
*ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION, STREA
*ENERGY, *COASTAL ENGINEERING, GR
*ENVIRONMENT, *CONTROL, *CONSERVA
^ENVIRONMENT, *NEUTRON ACTIVATION
225
*DISSOLVED SOL
*WATER TEMPERA
^NUTRIENTS, OL
*DISSOLVED SOL
SAMPLING, SEAS
HISTORY, ANALY
THERMOCLINE, H
W71-04758
W70-05091
W71-02176
W69-08777
W71-05084
W70-07345
W72-02027
W72-01995
W72-03121
W71-11899
W71-09387
W70-07138
W72-03947
W71-04274
W71-01973
W70-10181
W71-0978A
W72-03972
W72-03973
W70-04430
W70-04902
W71-09561
W70-07138
W71-04201
W70-09219
W72-02277
W70-09219
W71-04565
W70-06762
W71-09561
W71-09561
W71-09387
W69-09315
W69-09315
W70-01425
W68-00462
W68-00465
W70-02971
W71-06046
W70-08658
W71-07180
W70-00671
W70-00667
W72-04110
W71-07576
W71-07569
W71-09897
W72-00385
W69-02612
W69-03781
W71-05894
W72-03947
W71-11036
-------
s NITROGEN? CHEMICAL PROPERTIES?
ION, *THERMAL POWERPLANTS? FISH,
ALLOCATION? N/ *DECISION-MAKING?
Y PRODUCTIVITY? *PHOTOSYNTHESIS 9
? CARB/ *LAKE ERIE? ^CARBONATES?
EACH EROSION? *SHORE PROTECTION?
LITTORAL ORI/ *SHORE PROTECTION?
ION EFFECTS? LAKES? *CYANOPHYTA?
? *WA/ *LAKE ERIE? *GREAT LAKES?
TROGEN? SEWAGE DISPOSAL? *DETER/
RBON? BACTERIA? ALGAE? SYMBIOSI/
AKE ERIE? LAKE HURON? FISH? FIS/
KE MICHIGAN? LAKE S/ *SEDIMENTS?
EFFECTS? #WATER PO/ *LAKE ERIE?
LGAE? NUTRIENTS? PHOS/ *ECOLOGY,
S? *GREAT LAKES? *LAKE SUPERIOR?
OPHYTA, SAMPLIN/ *PHYTOPLANKTON,
FAUNAS? ^BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIE/
•T LAKES? LAKES? LIMNOLOGY? *DIS/
KE ERIE? LAKE HURON? LAKE MICHI/
•NKTON? HISTORY? SEASONAL? ASTER/
KE ERIE? *DISSOLVED OXYGEN? HIS/
GEN? PHOSPHORUS? PLANKTON? PISS/
*GREAT LAKES?" *FISH POPULATIONS?
TRIEWTS? PLANKTON? ZOOPLANKTON?/
RIENTS? ALGAE? WATER POLLUTION /
E ERIE? A/ ^RESERVOIR OPERATION?
ERIE? *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS?
HES? SAMPLING? SILTS? NUTRIENTS/
OPHYTA? FISHKILL? RESERVOIRS? S/
AKE MORPHOMETRY? / *GREAT LAKES?
ENTHOS? INDICATORS? BIOMASS? S/
? ECOL/ *LAKES? * INVESTIGATIONS?
SOUR/ *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL?
? NI/ *NUTRIENT'S? *LAKE ONTARIO?
*SEWAGE TREATMENT? *PHOSPHATES?
*LAKE ERIE? *PHOSPHOROUS? *IRON?
KE? *WATER CHEMISTRY? WISCONSIN?
TER POLLUTION CONTROL? *WASTE W/
CONTROL? *WASTE WATER(POLLUTIO/
EOROLOGY? *WEATHER MODIFICATION?
N LAKES?/ ^NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO?
ESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT? FEDERA/
^NITRATES? *P/ *WATER POLLUTION?
*WATER POLLUTION? *HEAVY METALS?
PULATIONS? *AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT?
IE? *LAKE FISHERIES? *FISHERIES?
S? *FISHERIES? *FISH MANAGEMENT?
N? *CHEMICAL PROP/ *GREAT LAKES?
N? LAKE MICHIGAN? LAKE SUPERIOR?
LAWRENCE RIVER?/ *HEAVY METALS?
o
ON SOURCES? *POLLUTION ABATMENT?
SH/ *LAKE ERIE? *LAKE FISHERIES?
E? COSTS? ECONOMIC / *LAKE ERIE?
C RIGHTS? *NON-NAVIGABLE WATERS?
MANAGEMENT?/ *OHIO? *LAKE ERIE?
S? BULLHEADS? GREAT/ *LAKE ERIE?
PARTICLES? MICROPARTICULATES? /
*ENVIRONMENTAL
*ENVIRONMENTAL
*ENVIRONMENTAL
*ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS?
EFFECTS?
EFFECTS?
EFFECTS?
*INFLUENT
WATER POL
RESOURCE
RESPIRATI
COMPOUNDS
^EQUILIBRIUM? INORGANIC
#ERIE-NIAGARA BASIN(NY)0:
*EROSION CONTROL? LEGISLATION? LE
*EROSION CONTROL? *GREAT LAKES? *
*EUTROPHICATION? WATER OUALITY0s /
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
#EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION,
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATIONo
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EUTROPHICATION?
*EVAPORATION?
*EXPERIMENTAL
*WATER POLLUTION
*PHOSPHORUS? *NI
^PHOSPHORUS? *CA
*GREAT
*GREAT
*WATER
*GREAT
LAKES? *L
LAKES? LA
POLLUTION
LAKES? *A
*ZOOPLANKTON? *P
*LAKE ERIE? CYAN
HISTORY? BENTHIC
*LAKE ERIE? GREA
GREAT LAKES? *LA
LAKES? *PHYTOPLA
GREAT LAKES? *LA
NUTRIENTS? NITRO
*CHEMICAL PROPER
*GREAT LAKES? NU
*LAKE ERIE? *NUT
*PHOSPHORUS? LAK
*WATER POLLUTION
*LAKE ERIE? SEIC
^NUTRIENTS? CYAN
*HYPOLIMNION? *L
*GREAT LAKES? *B
DATA COLLECTIONS
*WATER POLLUTION
LAKE ERIE? ALGAE
*WATER POLLUTION
GREAT LAKES? MUD
/ED SOLIDS? *LA
*PHOSPHATES? *WA
*WATER POLLUTION
PRECIPITATIONIATMOS
LAKES AREA? CANADIA
*FARM WASTES? *WATER POLLUTION? R
*FARMS? ^LIVESTOCK? *PHOSPHORUS?
^FEDERAL JURISDICTION? CHEM-CONTR
*FISH HARVEST? *DISSOLVED SOLIDS?
*FISH MANAGEMENT, #FISH POPULATIO
*FISH POPULATIONS, *AQUATIC ENVIR
*FISH POPULATIONS? *EUTROPHICAT 10
*FISH POPULATIONS? LAKES? DISSOLV
*FISH, LAKE HURON? LAKE ERIE? STo
*FISHER BODY(ELYRIA? OHIO PLANT)0
*FISHERIES? LAKE ERIEoS / POLLUTI
*FISHERIES? *FISH MANAGEMENT? *FI
*FISHING? ^ECONOMIC ANALYSIS? TIM
*FISHING? OWNERSHIP OF BEDS? RIPA
*FISHING? ^NAVIGABLE WATERS? FISH
*FISHKILL, MORTALITY, SMELTS? BAS
*FLOC FORMING BACTERIA? INORGANIC
W6B
W72
W71
WTO
W72
W70
W70
W71
W71'
W70
W70'
W70
W7O
W70
W70'
W70'
W70-
W70
W6«-
W68'
W6B-
W68-
W68-
W68-
W68-
W69-
W69-
W69-
W69-
W69-
W70-
W69-
W72!-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W72-
W72-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W70-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W68-
W68-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W70-
W71-
00687
-04110
-04274
-03965
•01111
-00466
-03405
•03908
•04758
-04375
•10181
•07283
•05415
•07269
•04496
•00667
•03311
•02254
•00687
-00465
•00683
•00476
•00462
•00253
•00247
•01620
•01445
•05470
02695
10156
00266
•09315
•01105
11011
12091
11009
11507
•06187
09561
04734
05473
10026
11011
06825
06041
10153
09387
09387
09387
00247
00683
11682
05085
09409
09387
09897
02422
04529
08385
06000
226
-------
LORINATEO HYDROCARBON PESTICIDE,
PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *ADSORPTION,
YDRAULIC MODELS, BREAKWATERS, L/
ESERVOIRS, MULTI-PURPOSE/ *OHIO,
EASUREMENT, NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE,
*LITTORAL DRIFT, *SOIL EROSION,
DAM CONSTRUCTION, *WATER LEVELS,
REQU/ FLOOD PEAK, *ANNUAL FLOOD,
NDUSKY RIVER.:
ERIE, "*FLOOD DAMAGE, FLOODWAYS,
-DISCHARGE RELATIONS, *STREAMFL/
NTS(WAT/ *LAKE ERIE, "-LIMNOLOGY,
NO PAPER INDUSTRY, *PULP WASTES,
G PLANTS, BUFFALOINEW YORK).:
ARIABIL1TY, ^FREQUENCY ANALYSIS,
ONS, *GREAT LAKES, *VARIABILITY,
ES DEVELOPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION,
RICULTURAL PRACTICES, FEEDLOTS,/
DA, BUFFER/ *LOADING GUIDELINES,
'• *
NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS, NUTRI/
•ATER POLLUTION / *WATER QUALITY,
PLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, *PLANNING,
YPOLIMN10N, *LAKE MORPHOMETRY, /
*LEGAL ASPECTS, *WATER CONTROL,
*EUTROPHICATION, *CHEMICAL PROP/
QUALITY, EUT/ *SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER /
IVER FLOW, *CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT,
, ZOOPLANKTON,/ *EUTROPHICATION,
OLIGOCHAETES, / *BENTHIC FAUNA,
ICHIGAN, *LAKE ONTARI/ *BIOLOGY,
TROPHICATION, *ZOOPLANK/ *LAKES,
PHOS/ *ECOLOGY, *EUTROPHICAT ION,
, *WEATHER MODI/ *WATER BALANCE,
GOVERNMENT, POL/ *WATER QUALITY,
GANIC MATTER, *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS,
RS, BIOMASS, S/ *EUTROPHICATION,
N CONTROL, ^POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
"•BREAKWATERS, *HYDRAUL 1C MODELS,
ION, ALGAE, *LAKE SUPERIOR, *LA/
UENC/ *WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS,
PORTATION/ *ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY,
WINDS, CURRENTS(WATER), LAKE E/
TEMPERATURE, *WATER CIRCULATION,
ISTRY, *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
HURO/ *CONFERENCES, *LIMNOLOGY,
SIS, AIR WATER INT/ *SNOWSTORMS,
NTROL, *WATER POLLUT/ *MICHIGAN,
ION, CLOUD PHYS/ *CLOUD SEEDING,
RE PROTECTION, *EROSION CONTROL,
*DISPERSION, *WATER CIRCULATION,
RCES DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION,
ON, CLOU/ *WEATHER MODIFICATION,
*TR»CE ELEMENTS, HEAVY METALS,
ER POLLUTION EFFE/ HEAVY METALS,
TRY), TRACE ELEME/ HEAVY METALS,
RON, FISH, FIS/ *EUTROPHICATION,
LORINATEO HYDROCARBON PESTICIDE/
ATER QUALITY, EUTROPHICATION, L/
*FLOCCULATION, *BACTERIA, LAKE ER W71-06000
*FLOCCULATION, ^PESTICIDES, *BOTT W72-03115
*FLOOD CONTROL, *WAVES(WATER), *H W71-07180
*FLOOD CONTROL, *LEVEES, *DAMS, R W69-08777
*FLOOD DAMAGE, FLOODWAYS, *FLOOD W68-00023
*FLOOD DAMAGE, BANK STABILITY, MI W71-03908
*FLOOD DAMAGE, DAMSITES, DAMS, OP W71-02176
*FLOOD DATA, PEAK STAGES, FLOOD F W68-00023
*FLOOD DISTRICT, SCIOTO RIVER, SA W69-08777
*FLOOD PROTECTION.: /W YORK, LAKE W68-00023
*FLOODS, DISCHARGE(WATER), *STAGE W68-OOOP3
*FLOW, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, CURRE W70-05076
*FOOD CHAINS, *PATH OF POLLUTANTS W70-10322
*FOOD PROCESSING WASTES, PACKAGIN W71-01973
*FOURIER ANALYSIS, ANNUAL, TIME S W72-03123
*FREQUENCY ANALYSIS, *FOURIER ANA W72-03123
*FUTURE PLANNING(PROJECTED), *WAT W72-03973
*FWPCA, ANIMAL WASTE DISPOSAL, AG W71-06825
*GRAND RIVER BASIN(ONTARI 0 ), CANA W71-11017
*GRAVITY SEWER, *CLEVELAND, OHIO. W71-06389
*GREAT BRITAIN, NUTRIENT REMOVAL, W70-00266
*TRACE ELEMENTS, *W W69-08562
*WATER RESOURCES DE W70-OOA57
*EUTROPHICATION, *H W69-09315
ADMINISTRATION, HAR W69-08080
*FISH POPULATIONS, W68-002^7
*LAKE ERIE, *WATER W69-03059
*WATER POLLUTION, * W69-03948
LAKE ERIE, LAKE MIC W69-02693
NUTRIENTS, PLANKTON W69-01620
*ST LAWRENCE RIVER, W70-03315
*LAKE ERIE, *LAKE M W70-01943
*LAKE SUPERIOR, *EU W70-03311
*ALGAE, NUTRIENTS, W70-00667
REGION, ^METEOROLOGY W71-10026
*WATER MANAGEMENT, W71-07576
WATER POLLUTION SOU W71-10327
*BENTHOS, *INDICATO W72-01105
WATER POLLUTION, WA W72-00247
HARBOR MODELS, LAKE W72-03138
*LAKES, EUTROPHICAT W72-01094
^VARIABILITY, *FREQ W72-03123
*INVESTMENT, *TRANS W72-00385
*WATER CIRCULATION, W72-03124
*WEATHER, *REMOTE S W71-05898
TRACE ELEMENTS, SOL W71-05883
LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE W71-05561
^CLIMATOLOGY, ANALY W71-05154
*WATER POLLUTION CO W71-06053
*SNOWSTORMS, REDUCT W71-05153
*LITTORAL DRIFT, *S W71-03908
*LAKE ERIE, CURRENT W71-04565
POLLUTION ABATEMENT W71-04756
*SNOW FALL, REDUCTI W71-04951
LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE W70-09972
*PUBLIC HEALTH, WAT W70-10321
LAKE ERIE(GEOCHEMIS W70-10322
#LAKE ERIE, LAKE HU W70-05415
*DIELDRIN, *DDT, CH W70-07138
*WATER RESOURCES, W W70-06658
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
*GREAT
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LAKES,
227
-------
S/ *SEDIMENTS, *EUTROPHICATIONt
TE, / *LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIEt
ATER POLLUTIONf *WA/ *LAKE ERIE,
DETERGENTS, *TERTIARY TREATMENT,
TRIAL WASTES, *MUNICIPAL WASTES,
Y, METEOROLOGY, GREA/ *SNOWFALL,
, LAKE ERIE, / *WATER RESOURCES,
TS,' L/ *OHIO, *PORT AUTHORITIES,
L POLLUTION, *WATER TEMPERATURE,
DATA / *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
OLIOS, *WATER TEMPERATURE, *DDT,
NTROL, *JURISDICTION, *LAKE ERI/
ION, C/ *OHIO, *WATER POLLUTION,
LAKE ERIE, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER,/
, MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA, APHAN/
SHORE PROTECTION/ *BREAKWATERS,
ATION ANALYSIS, CURRENTS(WATER ),
ALY/ *LAKE ERIE, *MODEL STUDIES,
ATION ANALYSIS, CURRENTS(WATER),
DITIONS, LOC/ *INLAND WATERWAYS,
*FLOOD CONTROL, *WAVES(WATER ),
•HARBOR MODELS, LA/ ^BREAKWATERS,
S, ^NAVIGATION, WATER RESOURCES,
HYPOLIMNION, LIMNOLOGY, SURVEYS,
NS, *OHIO, CL/ *SNOW, *SNOWFALL,
POLLUTION, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES,
*GREAT LAKES, *EUTROPHICATION,
T/ *CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE €RIE,
ICATION, *GREAT LAKES, *BENTHOS,
ER INDUSTRY, *TOXICITY, LAKE ER/
R TREATMENT, *INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
ATER, */ *WASTE WATER TREATMENT,
OCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAN/ *DESIGN,
STES, *GREAT LAKES, *WA/ *ALGAE,
PERTIES, *ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
EGRESS.:
ELS, NAVIGATION CONDITIONS, LOC/
OCIAL ASPECTS, ECONOMICS, LAKES,
, *LAKE ERIE, *DATA COLLECTIONS,
*CLEVELAND(OHIO)»
S, *CLEVELAND(OHIO), *LAKE ERIE,
RS, *LAKE ERIE, *SEWER FLUSHING,
HEDS, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, LATERALS,
TAN AREAS, BLONDIN/ *DEVOLUTION,
DATA COLLECTIONS, ECOL/ *LAKES,
. LAWRENCE SEAWAY, *GREAT LAKES,
*BROMINE,
ES, M/ *LAKE ERIE, *PHOSPHOROUS,
METALS, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
ICAL CHANGES, BIOTA CHANGES, OX/
OGRAMS, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTARIO,
MATHEMATICAL MODELS, LAKE ERIE,
WATER CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES,
WATERS, FISH MANAGEMENT,/ *OHIO,
ULIC MODELS, *SIMUI.ATION ANALYS/
WATER QUALITY, *CURRENTS(WATER),
ANALYSIS, ^POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
ATA COLLECTIONS, *ALGAE CONTROL,
DELS, *OXYGEN, DATA COLLECTIONS,
fGREAT LAKES, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE
*GREAT LAKES, DETERGENTS, PHOSPHA
*GREAT LAKES, *EUTROPHICATION, *W
*GREAT LAKES, CONTROL, COSTS, EUT
*GREAT LAKES, *WATER POLLUTION, S
*GREAT LAKES, *STORMS, CLIMATOLOG
*GROUNDWATER, ^SURVEYS, *NEW YORK
*HARBORS, *LAKE ERIE, LEGAL ASPEC
*HEAT, WATER CIRCULATION, POWERPL
*HEAVY METALS, *TRACE ELEMENTS, *
*HEAVY METALS, GREAT LAKES, MARKE
*HEAVY METALS, WATER POLLUTION CO
*HEAVY METALS, *FEDERAL JURISDICT
*HEAVY METALS, *FISH, LAKE HURON,
*HETEROCYSTS, ANABAENA VARIABILIS
^HYDRAULIC MODELS, *WAVES(WATER),
*HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE, SYNTHETIC
^HYDRAULIC MODELS, *SIMULATION AN
*HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE, SYNTHETIC
^HYDRAULIC MODELS, NAVIGATION CON
^HYDRAULIC MODELS, BREAKWATERS, L
*HYDRAULIC MODELS, *GREAT LAKES,
^HYDROELECTRIC POWER, STREAMFLOW
*HYDROLOGIC DATA.: /PROPERTIES, *
*HYDROLOGIC DATA, *DATA COLLECTIO
*HYPOLIMNION, LIMNOLOGY, SURVEYS,
*HYPOLIMNION, *LAKE MORPHOMETRY,
*ICED LAKES, LAKE ICE, MEASUREMEN
^INDICATORS, BIOMASS, SAMPLING, A
^INDUSTRIAL WASTES, *PULP AND PAP
WATER, *WATER MANAGEM
WASTES, ^INDUSTRIAL W
WASTES, LAKE ERIE, BI
WASTES, ^MUNICIPAL WA
*INFLUENT STREAMS, FLOW RATES.: /
*INJUNCTIONS(MANDATORY), INGRESS,
*INLAND WATERWAYS, *HYDRAULIC MOD
*INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS, WATER QUA
INSTRUMENTATION, HYDROLOGIC DATA
*INTERCEPTOR SEWERS.:
*INTERCEPTOR SEWERS, CAPACITY, *P
*INTERCEPTOR SEWERS, CAPACITY.: /
^INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION, G
^INTERSTATE POLLUTION, *METROPOLI
* INVESTIGATIONS, *EUTROPHICAT ION,
INVESTMENT, ^TRANSPORTATION, *EC
*IODINE.:
*IRON, *EUTROPHICATION, GREAT LAK
^JURISDICTION, *LAKE ERIE, STANDA
*LAKE CHANGES, LAKE STUDIES, CHEM
*LAKE CIRCULATION.:
*LAKE EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.: /TER PR
*LAKE EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.: /Y ICE,
*LAKE ERIE, CURRENTS(WATER), LAKE
*LAKE ERIE, *FISHING, *NAVIGABLE
*LAKE ERIE, *MODEL STUDIES, HYDRA
*LAKE ERIE, *DATA COLLECTIONS, *I
*LAKE ERIE, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
*LAKE ERIE, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DE
*LAKE ERIE, ORGANIC LOADING, SOCI
^INDUSTRIAL
*INDUSTRIAL
INDUSTRIAL
*INDUSTRIAL
W70
W70
W70
WTO
W70
W72
W70
W70
W70
W72
W71
W71
W71
W71
W70
W70
W71'
W71
W71'
W71
W7L
W72
W69
W68
W72
W68
W69
W70
W72
W71
W71
W71
W71-
W70-
W68-
W69-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W69-
W69-
W68-
W70-
W71-
W72-
W69-
W71-
W71-
W69-
W72-
W71-
W71
W71
W71
W71
W71
W71
W71
W71
07269
•04378
04375
03964
04430
04845
00687
05661
08838
-01995
-09387
-09784
-10153
-11682
-05091
-09178
-00621
-00621
-00622
-07172
-07180
-03138
-03781
-00462
-02027
-00462
-09315
-08479
-01105
-11910
•-05085
-05085
-01973
•04430
•00687
•06584
•07172
•04759
•05084
•07853
•01536
•01538
•00844
•04430
•11011
•00385
08562
06187
09784
10156
03124
•05153
04951
04565
04529
00622
05084
04764
04758
04759
228
-------
TA? UNITED STATES? HABI/ *ALGAE?
S? *MICROFLORASI LINEAR SUCROSE /
OHIO)? IRON III? FERRIC IRON, M/
HICATION, *WATER POLLUTION? *WA/
TRIENTS? *BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS?
ES? WATER RIGHTS, NAVIGA/ *OHIO,
NTS? PHOSPHATE? / *LAKE ONTARIO?
AUL'IC MODELS? *SIMULATION ANALY/
ON? *DIFFUSIONp *CURRENT METERS?
SILTS? LIGHT PENETRATION? BIOT/
? MEASUREMENT/ *CURRENTS(WATER ),
AWRENCE RIVER? *WATER POLLUTION/
SICAL PROPERTIES? TEMPERATURE? /
ECTS)? ^BOUNDARY DISPUTE/ *OHIO?
10? *PORT AUTHORITIES? *HARBORS?
ECTIONS? CLIMAT/ *CLIMATIC DATA?
SMELTS? BASS? BULLHEADS? GREAT/
*EUTROPHICATION? *GREAT LAKES?
EMICAL PROPERTIES? CURRENTS(WAT/
• ER POLLUTION EFFECTS? *WATER PO/
PMENT? LEGISLATION? MUNI/ *OHIO?
•*EUTROPHICATION? GREAT LAKES? M/
ORINATION? ^POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
G/ *SAMPLING? *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS?
ORMWATER STORAGE „:
OS? -WAVES(W/ *WATER CIRCULATION?
*RHODOPHYTA?
T€R? *WATER MANAGEMENT (APPL-IED )?
ATER CHEMISTRY? *TRACE ELEMENTS?
TTOM SEDIMENTS, *ORGANIC MATTER,
R POLLUTION SOUR/ *LAKE ONTARIO?
*SEISMIC STUDIES, *STRATIGRAPHY?
INEERING, GREAT / *WAVES(WATER),
RIUM? INORGANIC COMPOUNDS? CARB/
5RCULATION? *PATH OF POLLUTANTS?
ED)? *WATER POLlUTION ABATEMENT?
GAN9 *LAKE HURON? *LAKE ONTARIO?
NG? RESOLUT/ *POLLUTION CONTROL?
OLLUTION CONTROL? JURISDICTION?
ES? AQUAT/ *LAKE SHORES? *ALGAE,
UALITY? *MANAGEMENT, *POLLUTION,
ITORING? *WATER QUALITY? *LAKES,
LTING? *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
NALYSIS? TIME? COSTS? ECONOMIC /
o
REATMENT? SEPARATION TECHNIQUES?
HERIES? *FISH MANAGEMENT, *FISH/
TOM SEDIMENTS? HYDROGEN-ION CON/
ATION, *WINDS? *CURRENTS(WATER),
1C MATTER? CLAYS? S/ *SEDIMENTS?
TER),/ *WATER POLLUTION? *BUOYS?
LTS? NUTRIENTS/ *EUTROPHICATION?
ROL, ^POLLUTION ABATEMEN/ *OHIO?
ESTUARI/ *OLIGOCHAETES? *LAKES?
? CONDEMNATION? *RIPARIAN LAND?
RINAS/ *OHIO? ^NAVIGABLE WATERS?
REATMENT? WASTE WATER TREATMENT?
S? PHOSPHORUS? FISH POPULATIONS?
S/ *EUTROPHICATION? GREAT LAKES?
I/ *EUTROPHICATION? GREAT LAKES?
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
#LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE,
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE,
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE-
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE,
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
ERIE?
229
CHLOROPHYTA? CYANOPHY W70-04468
*PARTICULATE FRACTION W70-03505
BASIN? CUYAHOGA RIVER( W7Q-04375
*GREAT LAKES9 *EUTROP W70-04375
PHOSPHORUS? FISH STOC W70-04465
*RIPARIAN LAND, *LEAS W70-03410
*GREAT LAKES9 DETERGE W70-04378
*MODEL STUDIES? *HYDR W71-00621
FORECASTING? HYDRAULI W70-09219
*OHIO? SWAMPS? FARMS? W70-09900
*ICED LAKES? LAKE ICE W70-08479
*LAKE ONTARIO, *ST<, L W71-00397
*WATER CHEMISTRY? PHY W70-08658
*ACCRETIONS(LEGAL ASP W71-00509
LEGAL ASPECTS? LEGISL W70-05661
*NEW YORK? *DATA COLL W70-07345
*FISHKILL? MORTALITY? W70-08385
LAKE HURON? FISH? FIS W70-05415
^LIMNOLOGY, *FLOW, CH W70-05076
*EUTROPHICATION? *WAT W70-0-H96
*CITIES? *LAND DEVELO W70-05771
*PHOSPHOROUS, *IRON? W71-06187
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT, W71-06389
*PHOSPHATES, IRON? OR W71-05571
MONITORING SYSTEM, ST W71-06359
*CURRENTS(WATER), WIN W71-05891
OHIO? ALGAEo! W71-05630
METHODOLOGY? PLANNING W71-05085
DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS W71-05880
*LAKE ONTARIO, CORES? W71-05565
*WATER QUALITY? *WATE W71-05881
BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, GLA W71-05567
*ENERGY, *COASTAL ENG W71-05894
*CARBONATES, *EQUILIB W72-01111
^DIFFUSION, ^MOVEMENT W72-02277
CITIES, URBANIZATION? W72-03973
WATER POLLUTION EFFEC W72-01094
CONGRESS? *POLICY MAKI W72-03947
STANDARDS, CHLORINE, W71-09784
AQUATIC HABITATS? LAK W71-09156
*REGIONAL ANALYSIS, F W71-07569
WATER POLLUTION SOURC W71-07045
*OHIO, HARBORS? PROVE W71-06679
*FISHING, *ECONOMIC A W71-09897
LAKE ONTARIO WATERWAY,, W71-07172
WATER QUALITYc: /GE T W71-06747
*LAKE FISHERIES, *FIS W71-09387
*LIMNOLOGY, OHIO, BOT W71-11551
*NUMERICAL ANALYSIS? W71-13449
*LAKE ONTARIO, *ORGAN W69-08586
TEMPERATURE? WAVES(WA W69-09147
SEICHES? SAMPLING? SI W69-10156
*WATER POLLUTION CONT W69-06305
SAMPLING? TUBIFICIDS, W69-09256
NAVIGABLE WATERS? LAK W69-08140
*STREAMS? BRIDGES? MA W69-06584
TASTE? WATER POLLUTIO W69-00495
GREAT LAKES? BIOINDIC W68-00687
*DISSOLVED OXYGEN? HI W68-00462
LAKE HURON? LAKE MICH W68-00683
-------
, PLANKTON» TABELLARIA, SYNEDRA,
IMNOLOGY, *DIS/ *EUTROPHICAT ION,
MBINED SEWERSt *CLEVELAND(OHIO ),
TER POLLUTION / *EUTROPHICATION,
STORAGE TANKS, ^COMBINED SEWERS,
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *GREAT LAKES,
S, ACID MINE WATER, GREAT LAKES,
RS, -*CLEVELAND(OHIO), *POLYMERS,
CTS, *EUTROPHICATION, *WATER PO/
*PHYTOPLANKTON, *EUTROPHICAT ION,
ONTARI/ *BIOLOGY, *GREAT LAKES,
D/ *SEISMIC STUDIES, *SEDIMENTS,
YGEN, SAMPLING, SEASONAL, WINTE/
, CYCLO/ *DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS,
S, PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC FAUNA/
ICAL TECH/ CONFERENCES, *BIOTA,
OS, OXYGEN, EUTROPHICATION, OLI/
OSYSTEM, INTERSTATE, *WATER LAW,
H MANAGEMENT, *FISH/ *LAKE ERIE,
*LAKE SUPERIOR, *LAKE MICHIGAN,
•FA( ISRAEL),- WINNIPEG(CANADA), L/
HICATION, ALGAE, *LAKE SUPERIOR,
OLOGY, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
*HYPOLIMNION,- *LAKE MORPHOMETRY,
, *EUTROPHICATION, *HYPOLIMNION,
LAYS, S/ *SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE,
KES, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE MICHIGAN,
EUTROPHICATION, OLI/ *LAKE ERIE,
CONFERENCES, *BIOTA, *LAKE ERIE,
KTON, BENTHIC FAUNA/ *LAKE ERIE,
IBILITY, GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE,
OR, *LAKE MICHIGAN, *LAKE HURON,
AKE ERIE, ALGAE, Ml/ ^NUTRIENTS,
TS, *ORGANIC MATTER, *LAKE ERIE,
QUALITY, *WATER POLLUTION SOUR/
LAKES, DETERGENTS, PHOSPHATE, /
ES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN/ ^SAMPLING,
R, *WATER POLLUTION/ *LAKE ERIE,
AQUATIC.HABITATS, LAKES, AQUAT/
YLL A, AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF.:
, *MERCURY, DETROIT RIVER, WABI/
, *LAKES, EUTROPHICATION, ALGAE,
#ZOOPLANK/ *LAKES, *GREAT LAKES,
E ERIE, LAKE MONONA, LAKE SEBAS/
A, GYTTJA, OSCILLATORIA RUBESCE/
OLVED OXYGEN, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
OAD, GAS.C/ *PESTICIDE KINETICS,
RODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON, *P/
SION, MARKOV PROCESSES, STOCHAS/
EATMENT, *GREAT LA/ *PHOSPHATES,
NG, SEASONAL, WINTE/ *LAKE ERIE,
PITS, LAGOONS, LAKE ERIE, ORGAN/
IOR, *EUTROPHICATION, *ZOOPLANK/
ICATION, DATA COLLECTIONS, ECOL/
TS, *MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY,
IFICIDS, ESTUARI/ *OLIGOCHAETES,
NO EF/ CONFERENCES, FLUID FLOW,
ANKTON, METHODOLOGY, STANDING C/
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
*LAKE
ERIE, LAKE MICHIGAN, GREAT
ERIE, GREAT LAKES, LAKES, L
ERIE, *INTERCEPTOR SEWERS,
ERIE, #NUTRIENTS, ALGAE, WA
ERIE.: *CLEVELAND(OHIO), *
ERIE, *WATER QUALITY, EUTRO
ERIE, EUTROPHICATION, GROUN
ERIE, *SEWER FLUSHING, *INT
ERIE, *WATER POLLUTION EFFE
ERIE, CYANOPHYTA, SAMPLING,
ERIE, *LAKE MICHIGAN, *LAKE
ERIE, *SEISMIC PROPERTIES,
ERIE, *LAKES, ^DISSOLVED OX
ERIE, *ZOOPLANKTON, DAPHNIA
ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, *PLANT
ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, ANALYT
ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO, *BENTH
ERIE, GREAT LAKES REGION, J
ERIE, GREAT LAKES.:
FISHERIES, *FISHERIES, *FIS
HURON, *LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE
KINNERET(ISRAEL), BEIT NETU
MICHIGAN, *LAKE HURON, *LAK
MICHIGAN, *LAKE ONTARIO, LA
MORPHOLOGY, *DISSOLVED OXYG
MORPHOMETRY, *LAKE MORPHOLO
ONTARIO, ^ORGANIC MATTER, C
ONTARIO, LAKE HURON, AESTHE
ONTARIO, *BENTHOS, OXYGEN,
ONTARIO, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQ
ONTARIO, *PLANTS, PHYTOPLAN
ONTARIO.: /, OUTFLOWS, FEAS
ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, WATER
ONTARIO, ^EUTROPHICATION, L
ONTARIO, CORES, SAMPLING, S
ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER
ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE, *GREAT
ONTARIO, *CHEMICAL PROPERTI
ONTARIO, *ST. LAWRENCE RIVE
SHORES, *ALGAE, *LAKE ERIE,
ST CLAIR(ONTARIO), CHLOROPH
ST. CLAIR, *ST. CLAIR RIVER
SUPERIOR, *LAKE MICHIGAN, *
SUPERIOR, *EUTROPHICATION,
WASHINGTON, LAKE TAHOE, LAK
WASHINGTON(WASH), MACROFAUN
*LAKE-EFFECT SNOWSTORMS.:
*LAKE, *WATER CHEMISTRY, WISCONSI
*LAKES, ^ADSORPTION, *SUSPENDED L
*LAKES, *CARBON CYCLE, *PRIMARY P
*LAKES, *CURRENTS(WATER), *DISPER
*LAKES, *DETERGENTS, *TERTIARY TR
*LAKES, *DISSOLVED OXYGEN, SAMPLI
*LAKES, ^ECOLOGY, *PONDS, *SAND S
*LAKES, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE SUPER
*LAKES, ^INVESTIGATIONS, *EUTROPH
*LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, WATER POLLUTI
*LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, SAMPLING, TUB
*LAKES, ^MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *WI
*LAKES, ^PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *PHYTOPL
230
W68
W68
W69
W69
W69
W69
W69
W69
W69'
W70'
W70'
W70
WTO-
WTO'
W70-
W70-
W70-
W72--
W72--
W71--
W72-
W70-
W72-
W70-
W69-
W69-
W69-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W69-
W72-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W70-
W70-
W71-
W71-
W72-
W71-
W72-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W72-
W71-
W70-
W69-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W70-
W71-
W71-
W69-
W71-
W70-
-00476
-00465
-01536
-01445
-01537
-03059
-05160
-01538
-02695
-02254
-01943
-01433
-01425
-02971
-01944
-01942
-01945
-04290
••04110
-09387
-01094
-03509
-01094
-01943
-09315
-09315
-•08586
-01943
-01945
-01942
01944
03781
01094
11009
05565
05881
04378
06966
00397
09156
01106
11682
01094
03311
10181
04253
04845
09561
01669
02523
06762
03964
01425
00671
03311
11011
07045
09256
01517
04497
-------
AKE SUPERIOR? *LA/ *GREAT LAKES,
SICAL PROPERTIES, WATER QUALITY,
LGAE, *CHLOROPHYTA? *CYANOPHYTA,
WATER CHEMISTRY^, *CLAY MINERALS,
UNI/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *CITIES,
PECTS), *BOUNDARIES(PROP/ *OHIO,
APPROPRIATION, *OHIO, LITTORAL,/
HID, *LAKE ERIE, *RIPARIAN LAND,
GREAT LAKES, ADMINISTRATION, HA/
SOURCES, WATER POLLUTION CONTRO/
FECTS, *POLLUTANTS, *MONITORING,
-PURPOSE/ *OHIO, *FLOOD CONTROL,
PERIOR, LAKE HURO/ CONFERENCES,
S, HYDROGEN-ION CON/ *LAKE ERIE,
TEMS, SAMPLING, SEICHES, DEPTH,/
RTIES, CURRENTS(WAT/ *LAKE ERIE,
PESTICIDE RESIDUES, *MONITORING,
*EROSION CONTROL, *GREAT LAKES,
TRUST DOCTRINES
-S, *P/ *WATER POLLUTION, *FARMS,
BASIN(ONTARIO), CANADA, BUFFER/
•TREATMENT, -#POLLUTION ABATEMENT,
*MELOSIRA GRANULATA (EHR) RALFS,
RIIDSo:
OLEDO(OHIO), LEUCICHTHYS ARTEDI/
IE, ^REGIONAL A/ *WATER QUALITY,
TY, *WATER / *WATER CIRCULATION,
TA COLLECTIO/ *SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
CONFERENCES, FLUID FLOW, *LAKES,
*M AMBIGU/ *POPULATION DYNAMICS,
R, CHLOR-ALKALI PLANTS, MINAMAT/
S, CLIMATIC CHANGES, LAKE REHAB/
ONTARIO, *STo CLAIR RIVER, *DE/
QUIN RIVER, HYDROCARBONS, CHLOR/
RCURY ISOTOPES, HUMAN BRAIN, LO/
AKE STo CLAIR, *STo CLAIR RIVER,
-ALKALI PLANT/ *RECOMMENDATIONS,
1C CONDUCTION.,!
LORINATEO HYDR/ *SUSPENDED LOAD,
ER BALANCE, *GREAT LAKES REGION,
CTIONS? *AIR POLLUTION, *METEOR/
ATA COLLECTIONS, *AIR POLLUTION,
GROUNDWATER? SUBSURFACE WATERS,
VOLUTION, ^INTERSTATE POLLUTION,
LUTION ABATEMENT, *CHEMICAL WAS/
URFACE RUNOFF, *SURFACE DRAINAG/
ACE ELEMENTS, *DATA COLLECTIONS,
LITY CONTROL, *WATER UTILIZATIO/
OL? ^PROGRAMS, *WATER POLLUTION/
OLLUTION CONTROL, *WATER POLLUT/
KE ERIE, *PARTICULATE FRACTIONS,
R/ *SUSPE:NDED LOAD, *METABOLISM,
CAL ENRICHMENT, GROWTH CHARACTE/
ATER LEVELS, *FLOOD DAMAGE, DAM/
*SIMULATION ANALYS/ *LAKE ERIE,
IMIZATION? *SIMULATION ANALYSIS?
, *SIMULATION ANALY/ *LAKE ERIE,
SLAKES, EUTROPHICATION, ALGAE, *L W72-01094
*LAKES, INVESTIGATIONS, AQUATIC L W72-04110
*LAKES, RHODOPHYTA, SHORESoS *A W71-12«89
*LAKES, SILICA, CALCIUM, SODIUM C W71-05888
*LAND DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, M W70-05771
*LAND TENURE, *ACCRETION(LEGAL AS W71-04330
^LANDFILLS, OWNERSHIP OF REDS, * W69-06619
*LEASES, WATER RIGHTS, NAVIGATION W70-03410
*LEGAL ASPECTS, *WATER CONTROL, * W69-08080
*LEGAL ASPECTS, *WATER POLLUTION W71-07853
*LEGAL ASPECTS, LAKE ERIE, LAKE 0 W71-07671
*LEVEES, *DAMS, RESERVOIRS, MULTI W69-08777
*LIMNOLOGY, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE SU W71-05561
*LIMNOLOGY, OHIO, BOTTOM SEDIMENT W71-11551
*LIMNOLOGY, *SOCIAL NEEDS, ECOSYS W70-03509
*LIMNOLOGY, *FLOW, CHEMICAL PROPE W70-05076
*LIPIDS, DDT, DIELDRIN, ALDRIN, E W72-04740
*LITTORAL DRIFT, *SOIL EROSION, * W71-03908
*LITTORAL PROPRIETORSHIP, *PUBLIC W69-08140
^LIVESTOCK, *PHOSPHORUS, *NITRATE W/0-06041
*LOADING GUIDELINES, *GRAND RIVER W71-11017
*LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, WATER POLLUTI W71-13536
*M AMBIGUA (GRUN) 0 MULL, THERMAL W71-09561
*MACROBENTHOS, CHIRONOMIDS, SPHAE W72-01105
*MAN'S INFLUENCE, MAUMEE RIVER, T W70-09900
^MANAGEMENT, ^POLLUTION, *LAKE ER W71-07569
*MATHEMATICAL STUDIES, *PROBABILI W72-01102
*MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *OXYGEN, DA W71-04759
*MATHEMATICAL MODELS, *WIND EFFEC W71-01517
*MELOSIRA GRANULATA (EHR) RALFS, W71-09561
*MERCURY POLLUTIONcS W71-03294
*MERCURY POLLUTION, LAKE ST<> CLAI W70-10322
*MERCURYoS W72-01995
*MERCURY, CATCH STATISTICS, SOLID W71-09387
*MERCURY, DOW CHEMICAL OF CANADA, W71-09784
*MERCURY, LAKE STo CLAIR, SAN JOA W71-11910
*MERCURY, *BIOLOGICAL TISSUES, ME W71-11036
*MERCURY, DETROIT RIVER, WABIGOON W71-11682
*MERCURY, FISHING CLOSURES, CHLOR W70-10321
*MESOTROPHY, TRANSPARENCY, SPECIF W69-09315
*METABOLISM, *MICROORGANISMS, *CH W71-12064
-"-METEOROLOGY, *WEATHER MODIFICATI W71-10026
*METEOROLOGICAL DATA, *DATA COLLE W72-03121
*METEOROLOGY, *SNOWFALL, LAKE ERI W72-03121
*METROPOLITAN AREA PLANNING, WATE W68-00844
*METROPOLITAN AREAS, BLONDINoS /E W70-04430
*MICHIGAN, *WATER POLLUTION, *POL W71-03294
^MICHIGAN, JUDICIAL DECISIONS, *S W69-03019
*MICHIGAN, SURFACE WATERS, SEDIME W72-01995
*MICHIGAN, ^STANDARDS, *WATER QUA W72-00199
*MICHIGAN, *WATER POLLUTION CONTR W71-13709
*MICHIGAN, #GREAT LAKES, *WATER P W71-06053
*MICROBIAL FLOCoJ W71-10065
*MICROFLORA, LINEAR SUCROSE GRADI W70-03505
^MICROORGANISMS, *CHLORINATED HYD W71-12064
*MICROSCOPIC SUBSTANCES, *BIOLOGI W71-12064
*MINNESOTA, *DAM CONSTRUCTION, *W W71-02176
*MODEL STUDIES, HYDRAULIC MODELS, W71-00622
*MODEL STUDIES, REGIONAL ANALYSIS W71-04763
*MODEL STUDIES, *HYDRAULIC MODELS W71-00621
231
-------
VEST, INSPECTION, LEGAL ASPECTS,
INDICATORS, SAMPLING, MICHIGAN,/
POLLUTION EFFECTS, *POLLUTANTS,
ES, *LAKE / *PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
IN, ALDRIN/ *PESTICIDE RESIDUES,
LUTANTS, #LAKE ERIE, *DIFFUSION,
ATER DISTRIBUTION, WATER SUPPLY,
NING, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER RESO/
SURE CONDU/ ^WATERSHEDS(BASINS),
*WA/ *ALGAE, *INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
ALLOCATION, NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE,
T,/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *FISHING,
WASTE DISPOSAL, *WASTE DUMPS, B/
TREAMS, BRIDGES, MARINAS/ *OHIO,
CONTROL, PUMPED STORAGE, LAKES,
STE DUMPS, B/ *NAVIGABLE WATERS,
ONTIEF MODELS, COST-BENEFIT ANA/
TANNINS, CHROMATES, CONDUCTANCE/
LANKTON RECORDER, RADIOCARBON U/
DIMENTS, ^ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
IOACTI/ ^SAMPLING, *ENVIRONMENT,
OHIO), GONGROSIRA STAGNALIS, ME/
ARIAN RIGHTS, *SEWAGE, SEWAGE D/
MAT/ *CLIMATIC DATA, *LAKE ERIE,
SOURCES, *GROUNDWATER, *SURVEYS,
LATION, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIE/
AD, SEDIMENT YI/ *SEDIMENT LOAD,
*FARMS, ^LIVESTOCK, *PHOSPHORUS,
KE ERIE.: *ALGAE, *CYANOPHYTA,
R/ *EUTROPHICATION, *PHOSPHORUS,
WAUBESA(WIS), OCCOOUAN RESERVOI/
OWNERSHI/ *OHIO, *PUBLIC RIGHTS,
TAL LAKES AREA, CANADIAN LAKES,/
S, *CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE ERIE,
(ONTARIO), NUTRIENT INPUTS, CHI/
PHICATION, LAKE ERIE, ALGAE, NI/
OMMISSION, LAKE ERIE, LAKE ONTA/
S, *LAKE ERIE, PHOSPHORUS, FISH/
RESERVOIRS, S/ *EUTROPHICATION,
OLVED OXYGEN, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
N / *EUTROPHICATION, *LAKE ERIE,
RIGHTS, *RIPARIAN LANDS, LEGISL/
*DRAINAGE DISTRICTS, *WATER RES/
TECTION, ^EROSION CONTROL, LEGI/
UNDARY DISPUTES, *ACCRETION(LEG/
AND, *LAKE ERIE, NAVIGABLE WATE/
, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, ERO/
DAMS, RESERVOIRS, MULTI-PURPOSE/
ON CONTROL, *POLLUTION ABATEMEN/
, *LEASES, WATER RIGHTS, NAVIGA/
DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, MUNI/
IGABLE WATERS, FISH MANAGEMENT,/
EGAL ASPECTS), *BOUNDARIES(PROP/
GAL ASPECTS), *BOUNDARY DISPUTE/
RIE, *STREAMS, BRIDGES, MARINAS/
S, *LAKE ERIE, LEGAL ASPECTS, L/
, GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, EUTR/
ABLE WATERS, *FISHING, OWNERSHI/
, ^PRESCRIPTIVE RIGHTS, PUMPING/
*MONITORING, ON-SITE INVESTIGATE
*MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY, *BIO
*MONITORING, *LEGAL ASPECTS, LAKE
*MONITORING, *WATER QUALITY, *LAK
*MONITORING, *LIPIDS, DDT, DIELDR
^MOVEMENT, TRACKING TECHNIQUES, T
*MULTI-PURPOSE PROJECTS.: /ING, W
*MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, *PLAN
^MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS, *PRES
*MUNICIPAL WASTES, *GREAT LAKES,
^NATURAL RESOURCES, EVALUATION.: /
*NAVIGABLE WATERS, FISH MANAGEMEN
*NAVIGABLE WATERS, *NAVIGATION, *
*NAVIGABLE WATERS, *LAKE ERIE, *S
*NAVIGATION, WATER RESOURCES, *HY
*NAVIGATION, *WASTE DISPOSAL, *WA
*NAVIGATION, INDUSTRIAL WATER, LE
*NEAR-SHORE, *EASTERN LAKE ERIE,
*NET PLANKTON, HARDY CONTINUOUS P
#NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, *CH
*NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, RAD
*NEW SPECIES, *WESTERN LAKE ERIE(
*NEW YORK, *WATER POLLUTION, *RIP
*NEW YORK, *DATA COLLECTIONS, CLI
*NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE, HYDROLOGIC
*NEW YORK, *BEDS, *PERMITS, LEGIS
*NEW YORK, SUSPENDED LOAD, BED LO
*NIAGARA RIVER.:
*NITRATES, ^PESTICIDES, *SOIL CON
*NITROGEN FIXATION, NUTRIENTS, LA
*NITROGEN, SEWAGE DISPOSAL, *DETE
*NITROGEN:PHOSPHORUS RATIO, LAKE
*NON-NAVIGABLE WATERS, *FISHING,
*NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO, *EXPERIMEN
*NUMERICAL ANALYSIS, MODEL STUDIE
*NUTRIENT BUDGETS, *BAY OF QUINTE
*NUTRIENTS, *LAKE ONTARIO, *EUTRO
^NUTRIENTS, INTERNATIONAL JOINT C
*NUTRIENTS, *I3ENEFI T-COST ANALYSI
*NUTRIENTS, CYANOPHYTA, FISHKILL,
*NUTRIENTS, OLIGOTROPHY, PHOSPHOR
*NUTRIENTS, ALGAE, WATER POLLUTIO
*OHIO, *ACCESS ROUTES, *RIPARIAN
*OHIO, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES,
*OHIO, *BEACH EROSION, *SHORE PRO
*OHIO, *BOUNDARIES(PROPERTY), *BO
*OHIO, ^CONDEMNATION, *RIPARIAN L
*OHIO, *CONSERVATION, *REGULATION
*OHIO, *FLOOD CONTROL, *LEVEES, *
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER POLLUTI
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *RIPARIAN LAND
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *CITIES, *LAND
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *FISHING, *NAV
*OHIO, *LAND TENURE, *ACCREtlON(L
*OHIO, *LAKE ERIE, *ACCRET I ONS ( LE
*OHIO, ^NAVIGABLE WATERS, *LAKE E
*OHIO, *PORT AUTHORITIES, *HARBOR
*OHIO, *PROGRAMS, ACID MINE WATER
*OHIO, *PUBLIC RIGHTS, *NON-NAVIG
*OHIO, *SEWAGE, *SURFACE DRAINAGE
W70-10321
W71--08880
W71-07671
W71--070'V5
W72-04740
W72--02277
W68-00844
W70-00457
W71-06389
W70-04430
W71-04274
W71-04529
W71-09196
W69-06584
W69-03781
W71-09196
W70-09497
W70-08658
W70-03311
W72-01101
W71-11036
W70-04468
W7 1-01 580
W70-07345
W70-00687
W69-03919
W70-00466
W71-05881
W70-06041
W70-05091
W70-10181
W72-05473
W71-02422
W71-11011
W71-13449
W71-11009
W71-11009
W70-05412
W70-04465
W70-00266
W6 9- 093 15
W69-01445
W69-05555
W71-06046
W70-03405
W69-06388
W69-08140
W70-03643
W69-08777
W69-06305
W70-03410
W70-05771
W71-04529
W71-04330
W71-00509
W69-06584
W70-05661
W69-05160
W71-02422
W69-09064
232
-------
ION ABATEMENTS "LOCAL GOVERNMEN/
ETALS. *FEDERAL JURISDICTION, C/
ROLOGIC DATA, *DATA COLLECTIONS,
R POLLUTION SOURCES, *LAKE ERIE,
NERSHIP OF BEDS, *APPROPRIATION,
T PENETRATION, BIOT/ *LAKE ERIE,
ES DEVELOPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION,
, SAMPLING, TUBIFICIDS, ESTUARI/
R, NIAGARA FALLS, GREAT LAKES P/
IS, *MODEL STUDIES, REGIONAL AN/
S, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT,
), *WASTE ASSIMILATION CAPACITY,
E ONTARIO, C/ *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS,
S, *GREAT LAKES, WATER POLLUTIO/
ENTS, *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO,
LAKES, ^CHLORINATE/ ^ADSORPTION,
STE WATERJPOLLUTION), *DIELDRIN,
ITIES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
ATION, / *RECREATION FACILITIES,
LAGOON, SEWAGE TREATMENT.:
N, *OHIO, LITTORAL,/ *LANDFILLS,
• RIPARIAN WATERS, RIPARIAN LAND,
AKE ERIE, WASTE WATER TREATMENT,
E-WATER DISSOLVED OXYGEN.:
RATURE, BENTHIC FAUNA, MAYFLIES,
ANALYSIS, *MATHEMATICAL MODELS,
TREATMENT, *WASTE WATER TREATME/
NE, METHYL,/ *CHEMICAL RECOVERY,
RA, LINEAR SUCROSE / ,*LAKE ERIE,
OBENTHOS.:
TRY, *PULP WASTES, *FOOD CHAINS,
*DIFFUSION,/ *WATER CIRCULATION,
*FLOCCULATION, *PESTICIDES, *B/
*WATER QUALITY, *LAKES» *LAKE /
ATIVE AGENCIE/ *NEW YORK, *BEDS,
ORPTION, *SUSPENDED LOAD, GAS C/
NTS, *ADSORPTION, *FLOCCULATION,
PHORUS PESTICIDES, HUDSON RIVER,
ORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES,
VESTOCK, *PHOSPHORUS, *NITRATES,
*LIPIDS, DDT, DIELDRIN, ALDRIN/
TROL, *WASTE W/ *EUTROPHICATION,
*TERTIARY TREATMENT, *GREAT LA/
RFACES, ADSORPTION, LAKES, NUTR/
, *BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE,
TER POLLUTIO/ *SEWAGE TREATMENT,
ION, GREAT LAKES, M/ *LAKE ERIE,
R POLLUTION, *FARMS, *LIVESTOCK,
LGAE, SYMBIOSI/ *EUTROPHICATION,
SPOSAL, *DETER/ *EUTROPHICATION,
VOIR OPERATION, *EUTROPHICATION,
S, GLENODINIUM, TRACHELOMONAS, /
FFECTS, / *PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY,
METHODOLOGY, STANDING C/ *LAKES,
US, APHANIZAMENON, / *CARBON-14,
RY PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON,
POLLUTION SOURCES, *POLLUTANTS?
LOGICAL PROPERTIES/ *POLLUTANTS,
NOPHY/ *PLANKTON, *PRODUCTIVITY,
ENCE, *AQUATIC PLANTS, *WATER T/
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*OHIO,
*ORGANIC
*ORGANIC
^ORGANIC
*ORGANIC
OWNERSHIP
*OWNERSHIP
*OXIDATION
*SEWAGE TREATMENT, *POLLUT
*WATER POLLUTION, *HEAVY M
CLIMATOLOGY, PRECIPITATION
HARBORS, PROVENANCE, 5EDIM
LITTORAL, RIPARIAN RIGHTS,
SWAMPS, FARMS, SILTS, LIGH
WATER SUPPLY, WATER QUALIT
*OLIGOCHAETES, *LAKES, *LAKE ERIE
*OPERATING CRITERIA, NIAGARA RIVE
*OPTIMIZATION, *SIMULATION ANALYS
*OPTIMIZATION, *GREAT LAKES, POLL
^ORGANIC LOADS, NUTRIENTS, DISSOL
MATTER, *LAKE ERIE, *LAK
MATTER, *BOTTOM SEDIMENT
MATTER, CLAYS, SANDS, SI
PESTICIDES, ^SEDIMENTS,
*ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES, HUD
^OVERFLOW FLOW CONTROL, *CHLORINA
*OVERFLOW, FLOW CONTROL, *CHLORIN
^OVERFLOW, *CONSTRUCTION, *SEWAGE
OF BEDS, *APPROPRIATIO
OF BEDS, UNITED STATES
LAGOONS, OHIO, RETENTI
*OXYGEN DEPLETIONILAKE ERIE), LAK
*OXYGEN SAG, THERMAL STRATIFICATI
*OXYGEN, DATA COLLECTIONS, *LAKE
*OXYGENATION, *AERATION, *SEWAGE
*PARATHION, LINDANE, BHC, CHLODRA
*PARTICULATE FRACTIONS, *MICROFLO
*PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER, MACR
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
#PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
*PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
^PERMITS, LEGISLATION, *ADMINISTR
^PESTICIDE KINETICS, *LAKES, *ADS
fPESTICIDES, ^BOTTOM SEDIMENTS, L
^PESTICIDE RESIDUES, ENDRIM, DDT,
*PESTICIDE RESIDUES, LAKE MICHIGA
^PESTICIDES, *SOIL CONSERVATION,
*PESTICIDE RESIDUES, *MONITORING,
^PHOSPHATES, *WATER POLLUTION CON
SLAKES, ^DETERGENTS,
*SEDIMENT-WATER INTE
IRON, ORGANIC MATTER
*EUTROPHICATION, *WA
*IRON, *EUTROPHICAT
*PUBLIC HEAL
*LAKE ERIE,
*ADSORPTION,
^MONITORING,
^PHOSPHATES,
^PHOSPHATES,
*PHOSPHATES,
*PHOSPHATES,
*PHOSPHOROUSi
^PHOSPHORUS, *NITRATES, *PESTICID
*PHOSPHORUS, *CARBON, BACTERIA, A
^PHOSPHORUS, *NITROGEN, SEWAGE DI
*PHOSPHORUS, LAKE ERIE, ALGAE, SE
*PHOTOBIOLOGY, *CHEMICAL PROCESSE
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *ENVIRONMENTAL E
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *PHYTOPLANKTON,
*PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE, CASCINODISC
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS, LIMNOLOGY, LIGHT
*PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, *BIO
*PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, *BIO
*PHYTOPLANKTON, *ZOOPLANKTON, CYA
*PHYTOPLANKTON, *DIATOMS, *TURBUL
233
W71-13536
W71-10153
W72-02027
W71-06679
W69-06619
W70-09900
W72-03976
W69-09256
W69-03781
W71-04763
W71-04756
W71-11017
W71-05565
W/l-10327
W69-08586
W71-10065
W69-01536
W69-01538
W69-01537
W69-06619
W69-00515
W71-00411
W70-01425
W68-00683
W71-04759
W72-03972
W71-04201
W70-03505
W69-01620
W70-10322
W72-02277
W72-03115
W71-07045
W69-03919
W70-01669
W72-03115
W71-04201
W70-07138
W70-06041
W72-04740
W72-04734
W70-03964
W72-01108
W71-05571
W71-11507
W71-06187
W70-06041
W70-07283
W70-10181
W69-05470
W70-03965
W70-03965
W70-04497
W70-04497
W69-02523
W71-05806
W71-05805
W72-01106
W71-09561
-------
ON, CYCLEt *PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY,
*LAKE ERIE, CYANOPHYTA, SAMPLIN/
, ASTER/ *EUTROPHICATION, LAKES,
DING C/ *LAKES, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
LANKTON, *ZOOPLANKTON, CYANOPHY/
OPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION, *OHIO,/
OPMENT, *ADMINISTRATION, *FUTUR/
IRONMENT, *CONTROL, *CONSERVATI/
ESO/ ^MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS,
AUNA/ *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO,
ON CONTROL, *LAKE ERIE CONGRESS,
ECOSYSTEM, INTERSTATE, *WATER L/
ACTORS, REAL VALUE OF CATCH, ST/
URGES, *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
ION EFFECTS, TRANSITION PROBABI/
PERTI/ *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
PERTIES, *BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES/
KES, VARIABILITY, WATER QUALITY,
OLLUTION CONTROL, *CHLORINATION,
NGRESS, *POLICY MAKING, RESOLUT/
•URGES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
A/ *WATER QUALITY, *MANAGEMENT,
C OBJECTIVES, *REGIONAL ECONOMY,
LAKE / *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
F, SEWAGE TREATMENT, SEPARATION/
RNMEN/ *OHIO, *SEWAGE TREATMENT,
ERIE, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
INDUSTRIAL/ ^REGIONAL ANALYSIS,
ODEL STUDIES, REGIONAL ANALYSIS,
AS/ *MICHIGAN, *WATER POLLUTION,
*INTERCEPTOR SEWERS, CAPACITY,
*CLEVELAND(OHIO),
*IAKES, *'ECOLOGY,
RALFS, *M AMBIGU/
ASPECTS, L/ *OHIO,
MBINED SEWERS,
E ERIE, ORGAN/
RANULATA (EHR)
E ERIE, LEGAL
OPOSED OBJECTIVES.:
HIO, *SEWAGE, ^SURFACE DRAINAGE,
NS), *MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS,
, *EUTROPHICATION, *ZOOPLANKTON,
TERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PHYTOPLANKT/
KTON, *P/ *LAKES, *CARBON CYCLE,
HESIS, ^ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, /
CULATION, *MATHEMATICAL STUDIES,
OOPLANKTON, CYANOPHY/ *PLANKTON,
HIGAN, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
LAKES, *LAKE ERIE, EUTR/ *OHIO,
ODD CHAINS, *PATH OF POLLUTANTS,
FFE/ HEAVY METALS, *GREAT LAKES,
TERS, *FISHING, OWNERSHI/ *OHIO,
*LITTORAL PROPRIETORSHIP,
TY, LAKE ER/ *INDUSTRIAL WASTES,
WASTES, PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY,
SE PROJECTS, *PRESSURE CONDUITS,
C INCENTIVES, GROSS PRODUCTS.:
NG CLOSURES, CHLOR-ALKALI PLANT/
, FLOW CONTROL, *CHLORINATION, /
LLUTION CONTROL, *OVERFLOW FLOW/
ATEMENT, *LAKE ERIE, INDUSTRIAL/
TEMENT, T/ 'ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES,
*PHYTOPLANKTON, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
*PHYTOPLANKTON, *EUTROPHICATION,
*PHYTOPLANKTON, HISTORY, SEASONAL
*PHYTOPLANKTON, METHODOLOGY, STAN
*PLANKTON, *PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOP
*PLANNING, *WATER RESOURCES DEVEL
*PLANNING, #WATER RESOURCES DEVEL
*PLANNING, *DECISION MAKING, *ENV
^PLANNING, *GREAT LAKES, *WATER R
*PLANTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, BENTHIC F
*PLUME STUDY.:
*POLICY MAKING, RESOLUTIONS, PRIV
*POLITICAL ASPECTS, GOVERNMENTS,
*POLITICAL FACTORS, ^BIOLOGICAL F
*POLLUTANTS, *MONITORING, *LEGAL
*POLLUTANT DISTRIBUTION, CIRCULAT
*POLLUTANTS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRO
*POLLUTANTS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRO
*POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION.: /. LA
*POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *LAKE ERIE,
*POLLUTION CONTROL, *LAKE ERIE CO
^POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *GREAT LAKE
*POLLUTION, *LAKE ERIE, *REGIONAL
^POLLUTION ABATEMENT, TRAPPED SEG
ABATMENT, *FISHERIES,
ABATEMENT, STORM RUNOF
ABATEMENT,
ABATEMENT,
ABATEMENT,
ABATEMENT,
ABATEMENT,
*POLLUTION
*POLLUTION
^POLLUTION
*POLLUTION
*POLLUTION
*POLLUTION
*POLLUTION
*POLYMERS,
*POLYMERS,
*LOCAL GOVE
POLLUTANTS,
*LAKE ERIE,
ECONOMICS,
*CHEMICAL W
*SEWER FLUSHING.: /RIE
*LAKE ERIE, *SEWER FLU
*PONDS, *SAND SPITS, LAGOONS, LAK
*POPULATION DYNAMICS, *MELOSIRA G
*PORT AUTHORITIES, *HARBORS, *LAK
^POTENTIAL, REMEDIAL MEASURES, PR
*PRESCRIPTIVE RIGHTS, PUMPING PLA
*PRESSURE CONDUITS, *PUMPING PLAN
*PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, LAKE HURON
*PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, SURFACE WA
^PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLAN
^PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, *PHOTOSYNT
*PROBABILITY, *WATER POLLUTION, F
*PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON, *Z
*PROGRAMS, *WATER POLLUTION SOURC
*PROGRAMS, ACID MINE WATER, GREAT
*PUBLIC HEALTH PERSISTENCE.: / *F
*PUBLIC HEALTH, WATER POLLUTION E
*PUBLIC RIGHTS, *NON-NAVIGABLE WA
^PUBLIC.TRUST DOCTRINE.:
*PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY, *TOXICI
*PULP WASTES, *FOOD CHAINS, *PATH
*PUMPING PLANTS, *WATER POLLUTION
*QUALITY CONTROL POLICY, *ECONOMI
*RECOMMENDATIONS, *MERCURY, FISHI
^RECREATION FACILITIES, ^OVERFLOW
^RECREATION FACILITIES, *WATER PO
*REGIONAL ANALYSIS, *POLLUTION AB
*REGIONAL ECONOMY, *POLLUTION ABA
W69
WTO
W68
W70
W72
W72
W72
W72
W70
W70
W72'
W72
W72'
W71
W71-
W72
W71-
W71'
W71-
W71-
W72--
W72-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W71-
W69-
W71-
W51-
W71-
W69-
W69-
W70-
W71-
W70-
W71-
W69-
W71-
W70-
W70-
W69-
W70-
W72-
W72-
W71-
W69-
W70-
W70-
W71-
W69-
W71-
W70-
W71-
W71-
W70-
W69-
W69-
W71-
W71-
-02523
-02254
-00476
-04497
-01106
-03976
-03973
-03947
-00457
-01944
-02277
-03947
-04290
-09897
-07671
-01102
•-05806
-05805
•-05880
-06389
•-03947
•-00247
-07569
•-07569
•09409
•06747
13536
•06305
04764
•04763
03294
•01536
•01538
•00671
09561
•05661
07671
09064
06389
03311
02983
02523
03965
•01102
01106
13709
05160
10322
10321
02422
08140
11910
10322
06389
07576
10321
01538
01536
04764
07569
234
-------
AGEMENTf *POLLUTION, *LAKE ERIE,
CIES, ERQ/ *OHIO, ^CONSERVATION,
ULATION, *GREAT LAKESt *WEATHER,
ICt CANADA, DETROIT(MICH), TOLE/
, DETROIT(MICH), TOLE/ *REMOVAL,
TION, *PHOSPHORUS, LAKE ERIE, A/
GAE.:
, LEGISL/ *OHIO, *ACCESS ROUTES,
ACCESS ROUTES, *RIPAR'IAN RIGHTS,
ABLE WATE/ *OHIO, *CONDEMNATION,
GHTS, NAVIGA/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE,
D/ *NEW YORK, *WATER POLLUTION,
, *GREAT LAKES, LAKE ERIE, LAKE/
PUMPED STORAGE, LAKES, *NAVIGA/
AL PROPERTIES, DISSOLVED OXYGEN/
KE ERIE, *PHOSPHATES, IRON, ORG/
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, RADIOACTI/
ORGAN/ *LAKES, *ECOLOGY, *PONDS,
ONS, NUMERICAL ANALYSIS.:
LEWIFE.:
DED LOAD, BED LOAD, SEDIMENT YI/
•GANIC CARBON,/ *BOTTOM SAMPLING,
PTION, LAKES, NUTR/ *PHOSPHATES,
POLLUTION SOURCES, *LAKE ERIE, /
S, *NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS/
ADSORPTION, *DRGANIC PESTICIDES,
ARID, *ORGANIC MATTER, CLAYS, S/
PROPERTIES, D/ *SEISMIC STUDIES,
AT LAKES, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE S/
STUDIES, *S'EDIMENTS, *LAKE ERIE,
KE ERIE, *SEISMIC PROPERTIES, D/
*LAKE ER/ *SURVEYS, *BATHYMETRY,
OHIO, RETENTION, WATER STORAGE,
: ^OVERFLOW, CONSTRUCTION,
REATME/ *OXYGENATION, *AERATION,
EUTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTIO/
TEMENT, *LOCAL GOVERNMEN/ *OHIO,
CRIPTIVE RIGHTS, PUMPING/ *OHIO,
TER POLLUTION, *RIPARIAN RIGHTS,
TOR SEWERS, CAPACITY, *POLYMERS,
ND(OHIO), *POLYMERS, *LAKE ERIE,
OL, *GREAT LAKES, *LITTORAL DRI/
OL, LEGI/ *OHIO, *BEACH EROSION,
MODELS, BREAKWATERS, LAKE ERIE,
S, *LAKE ERIE, / *SEDIMENTATION,
IES, REGIONAL AN/ *OPTIMIZAT ION ,
MODEL STUDIES, HYDRAULIC MODELS,
ODEL STUDIES, *HYDRAUL1C MODELS,
THER MODIFICATION, *GREAT LAKES,
A, *DATA COLLECTIONS, *OHIO, CL/
A COLLECTIONS, *OHIO, CL/ *SNOW,
S, *AIR POLLUTION, *METEOROLOGY,
CLIMATOLOGY, METEOROLOGY, GREA/
S/ *CLOUD SEEDING, *GREAT LAKES,
TOLOGY, ANALYSIS, AIR WATER INT/
NG, $EICHES, DEPTH,/ *LIMNOLOGY,
SPHORUS, *NITRATES, *PESTICIDES,
*REGIONAL ANALYSIS, FISHERIES, RE W71-07569
*REGULATION, *ADMINISTRATIVE AGEN W70-03643
*REMOTE SENSING, AIRCRAFT, LAKE 0 W71-05898
*REMOVAL, *REQUIREMENT, MESOTROPH W70-05A12
*REOUIREMENT, MESOTROPHIC, CANADA W70-05
-------
f *GREAT LAKES, *LITTORAL DRIFTf
/ *BENTHIC FAUNA, *GREAT LAKES,
DOW CHEMICAL OF CANADA, ONTARIO,
IT RIVER, WABI/ *LAKE ST. CLAIR,
S, INVESTMENT, TRANSPORTATION/
TION/ *LAKE ERIE, *LAKE ONTARIO,
*COLLECTION SY/ CLEVELAND(OHIO ),
AMFL7 *FLOODS, DISCHARGE(WATER),
OMICS, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
L, *WATER UTILIZATIO/ *MICHIGAN,
ESSING, LAK/ *THERMAL POLLUTION,
*LAKE ERIE.: CLEVELAND (OHIO ),
RUNOFF.: *WASTE TREATMENT,
, GREA/ ^SNOWFALL, *GREAT LAKES,
, ^BATHYMETRY, *SEISMIC STUDIES,
ER), *STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONS,
, ^NAVIGABLE WATERS, *LAKE ERIE,
RIGHTS, PUMPING/ *OHIO, *SEWAGE,
CIAL DECISIONS, *SURFACE RUNOFF,
*MICHIGAN, JUDICIAL DECISIONS,
*WATER RESOURCES, *GROUNDWATER,
TUDIES, ^STRATIGRAPHY, *LAKE ER/
CROORGANISMS, *CHLORINATED HYDR/
E KINETICS, *LAKES, *ADSORPTTON,
*LAKE ERIE, *WATER QUALITY, EUT/
ATER 'POLLUTION CONTROL, *STANDA/
MODELS, *OXYGEN, DATA COLLECTIO/
NS, *ALGAE CONTROL, *LAKE ER-IE,/
ES DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION, /
R, RELATIVE HUMIDITY.:
PHOSPHATES, *LAKES, *DETERGENTS,
DIVERSITY INDEX,
ATURE, *HEAT, WATER CIRCULATION/
ANALYSIS, *DATA PROCESSING, LAK/
RPLANTS, FISH, *ENVIR/ ^ECOLOGY,
R/ *ECOLOGY, ^THERMAL POLLUTION,
UM, RHENIUM, RUBIDIUM, .SELENIUM,
ASTES, *PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY,
OLLUTION SOURCES, *HEAVY METALS,
RIBUTION PATT/ *WATER CHEMISTRY,
REAT LAKES, LAKE MICHIGAN, LAKE/
/ *WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES,
AWAY, *GREAT LAKES, *INVESTMENT,
WASTES, HYDROLOGIC BUDGET, SEW/
TER T/ SPHYTOPLANKTON, *DIATOMS,
EVEL FLUCTUATIONS, *GREAT LAKES,
E.:
GANIC / *WASTE WATER(POLLUT ION ),
*NAVIGABLE WATERS, *NAVIGATION,
S, ^NAVIGATION, *WASTE DISPOSAL,
UMENTATION, STORM RUNOFF.:
SSIMILATION CAPACITY, *ORGANIC /
HATES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
N, *AERATION, *SEWAGE TREATMENT,
N, *ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/
AL WASTES, *INDUSTRIAL WATER, */
ATION, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
*SOIL EROSION, *FLOOD DAMAGE, BAN
*ST LAWRENCE RIVER, OLIGOCHAETES,
*ST. CLAIR RIVER, *DETROIT RIVER.
*ST. CLAIR RIVER, *MERCURY, DETRO
*ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY, *GREAT LAKE
*ST. LAWRENCE RIVER, *WATER POLLU
*STABILIZATION-RETENTION BASINS,
*STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONS, *STRE
*STANDARDS, PUBLIC BENEFITS, PUBL
*STANDARDS, *WATER QUALITY CONTRO
*STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *DATA PROC
^STORAGE TANKS, *COMBINED SEWERS,
*STORAGE, INSTRUMENTATION, STORM
*STORMS, CLIMATOLOGY, METEOROLOGY
*STRATIGRAPHY, *LAKE ERIE, BOTTOM
*STREAMFLOW, DISCHARGE MEASUREMEN
*STREAMS, BRIDGES, MARINAS, LEGIS
^SURFACE DRAINAGE, *PRESCRIPTIVE
*SURFACE DRAINAGE, DRAINAGE SYSTE
*SURFACE RUNOFF, *SURFACE DRAINAG
^SURVEYS, *NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE, H
^SURVEYS, *BATHYMETRY, *SEISMIC S
*SUSPENDED LOAD, ^METABOLISM, *MI
*SUSPENDED LOAD, GAS CHROMATOGRAP
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *GREAT LAKES,
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
*SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
^SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
*TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES, THERMISTO
*TERTIARY TREATMENT, *GREAT LAKES
*THERMAL BAR.:
*THERMAL POLLUTION, *WATER TEMPER
*THERMAL POLLUTION, ^STATISTICAL
*THERMAL POLLUTION, ^THERMAL POWE
*THERMAL POWERPLANTS, FISH, *ENVI
*TISSUE ANALYSES, BROMINE, FISH L
*TITLE DISPUTES.:
*TOXICITY, LAKE ERIE, PULP WASTES
*TRACE ELEMENTS, *DATA COLLECTION
*TRACE
*TRACE
*TRACE
*TRADE
W71-03908
W70-03315
W7L-09784
W71-11682
W72-00385
W71-00397
^ECONOMICS, *W
*MATHEMATICAL
DATA COLLECTIO
*WATER RESOURC
*LAKE ERIE, DIST
HEAVY METALS, *G
*WATER POLLUTION
^ECONOMIC IMPACT
ELEMENTS,
ELEMENTS,
ELEMENTS,
STUDY.:
^TRANSPORTATION,
*TREATMENT FACILITIES, INDUSTRIAL
*TURBULENCE, *AQUATIC PLANTS, *WA
*UPLANOS.:
*VARIABILITY, *FREQUENCY ANALYSIS
*VERMILION HARBOR, OHIO; LAKE ERI
*WASTE ASSIMILATION CAPACITY, *OR
*WASTE DISPOSAL, *WASTE DUMPS, BO
*WASTE DUMPS, BODIES OF WATER, RE
*WASTE TREATMENT, ^STORAGE, INSTR
*WASTE WATER(POLLUTION), *WASTE A
*WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *COST-BEN
*WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *ACTIVATE
*WASTE WATER(POLLUTION), *DIELDRI
*WASTE WATER TREATMENT, *INDUSTRI
*WASTE WATER(POLLUTION), VIRGINIA
W68-00023
W69-02612
W72-00199
W71-11899
W69-01537
W71-06359
W72-04845
W71-05567
W68-00023
W69-06584
W69-09064
W69-03019
W69-03019
W70- 00687
W?l-05567
W71-12064
W70-01669
W69-03059
W69-02612
W71-04759
W71-04758
W71-04756
W70-08838
W70-03964
W70-04902
W70-08838
W71-11899
W72-04110
W72-04110
W70--09972
W71-00509
W71--11910
W72-01995
W71-05880
W70--09972
W6 9-0 85 62
W71-04764
W72-00385
W70-10177
W71-09561
W71-01580
W72-03123
W70-09178
W71-11017
W71-09196
W71-09196
W71-06359
W71-11017
W72-04734
W72-03972
W7 1-04201
W71-05085
W72-05473
236
-------
ON, *METEDROLOGY, *WEATHER MODI/
XYGEN, *DISSOLVEO SOLIDS, *LAKE,
*LAKES, SILICA, CALCIUM, SODIU/
N SOURCES, *GRE/ *WATER QUALITY,
, *LAKE ERIE, DISTRIBUTION PATT/
TIES, TEMPERATURE, / *LAKE ERIE,
*LAKE ERIE, CURRE/ *DISPERSION,
CURRENTS(WATER), WINDS, WAVESIW/
*WEATHER, / *WATER TEMPERATURE,
TS(WATER), LAKE E/ *GREAT LAKES,
STUDIES, *PROBABILITY, *WATER /
UTANTS, *LAKE ERIE, *DIFFUSION,/
ENTSI WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *NUMER/
INISTRATION, HA/ *LEGAL ASPECTS,
ERNMENTS, ECOSYSTEM, INTERSTATE,
LAKES, *VARIABILITY, *FREQUENC/
^MINNESOTA, *DAM CONSTRUCTION,
TRIAL WASTES, INDUSTRIAL WATER,
L/ *WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES,
•POLLUTION EFFECTS, *POLLUTANTS,/
ANTS,/ *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
JON ABATMEN-T, *FISHERIES, LAKE /
*FEDERAL JURISDICTION, C/ *OHIO,
OLLUTION CONTRO/ *LEGAL ASPECTS,
W/ *EUTROPHICATION, *PHOSPHATES,
ON, ^FUTURE PLANNING(PROJ.ECTED>,
HEMATICAL STUDIES, *PROBAB ILITY ,
METALS, *TRACE ELEMENTS, *DATA /
LUTION CONTROL, *EUTROPHICATION,
ION A/ *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
HICATION, *WATER POLLUTION SOUR/
ER POLLUTION CONTROL, *PROGRAMS,
POLLUTION CONTROL, *POLLUTION A/
MS, *WATER POLLUTION/ *MICHIGAN,
T, *PHOSPHATES, *"EUTROPHICAT ION,
VELOPMENT, FEDERA/ *FARM WASTES,
ANTS, *PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTI/
SSURE CONDUITS, *PUMPING PLANTS,
RIE, / ^SEDIMENTATION, *SILTING,
RIO, *LAKE ERIE, *WATER QUALITY,
POLLUT/ *MICHIGAN, *GREAT LAKES,
WATER QUALITY, *WATER CHEMISTRY,
LAKES, *WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
EMENT, ^CHEMICAL WAS/ *MICHIGAN,
S, *SEWAGE, SEWAGE D/ *NEW YORK,
UTION SOURCES, *WATER POLLUTION,
KE ONTARIO, *ST. LAWRENCE RIVER,
POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTION EFF/
AWRENCE RIVER, *WATER POLLUTION,
N EFF/ *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES,
OCK, *PHOSPHORUS, *NITRATES, *P/
LAKES, ON-SITE DATA COLLECTIONS,
, *GREAT LAKES, *EUTROPHICATION,
UTROPHICATION, *WATER POLLUTION,
ATION, *WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS,
PO/ *LAKE ERIE, *EUTROPHICATION,
*MUNICIPAL WASTES, *GREAT LAKES,
S, *WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT,
, *GREAT LAKES, *TRACE ELEMENTS,
RIE, TEMPERATURE, WAVES(WATER ),/
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
'."-WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
>!=WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
*WATER
BALANCE, *GREAT LAKES REGI
CHEMISTRY, WISCONSIN, *EUT
CHEMISTRY, *CLAY MINERALS,
CHEMISTRY, *WATER POLLUTIO
CHEMISTRY, *TRACE ELEMENTS
CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL PROPER
CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES,
CIRCULATION, *LAKE ERIE, *
CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES,
CIRCULATION, WINDS, CURREN
CIRCULATION, *MA THEMAT 1C AL
CIRCULATION, *PATH OF POLL
CIRCULATION, *WINDS, *CURR
CONTROL, *GREAT LAKES, ADM
LAW, *LAKE ERIE, GREAT LAK
LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS, *GREAT
LEVELS, *FLOOD DAMAGE, DAM
MANAGEMENT) APPLIED), *LAKE
MANAGEMENT, GOVERNMENT, PO
POLLUTION SOURCES, *WATER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, *POLLUT
POLLUTION SOURCES, *POLLUT
POLLUTION, --i=HEAVY METALS,
POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER P
POLLUTION CONTROL, *WASTE
POLLUTION ABATEMENT, *LAKE
POLLUTION, FORECASTING, LA
POLLUTION SOURCES, *HEAVY
POLLUTION SOURCES, POPULAT
POLLUTION CONTROL, *POLLUT
POLLUTION CONTROL, *EUTROP
POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER R
POLLUTION SOURCES, *WATER
POLLUTION CONTROL, *PROGRA
POLLUTION CONTROL, SEWAGE
POLLUTION, RESEARCH AND DE
POLLUTION SOURCES, *POLLUT
POLLUTION CONTROL, *CHLORI
POLLUTION SOURCES, *LAKE E
POLLUTION SOURCES, HARDNES
POLLUTION CONTROL, *WATER
POLLUTION SOURCES, *GREAT
POLLUTION SOURCES, WATER Q
POLLUTION, ^POLLUTION ABAT
POLLUTION, *RIPARIAN RIGHT
POLLUTION EFFECTS, POLLUTA
POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTIO
POLLUTION SOURCES, *WATER
POLLUTION CONTROL, SURVEYS
POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTIO
POLLUTION, *FARMS, *LIVEST
POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER P
POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTIO
POLLUTION EFFECTS, WATER P
POLLUTION SOURCES, DOMESTI
POLLUTION EFFECTS, *WATER
POLLUTION, SEWAGE, AESTHET
POLLUTION CONTROL, LAKE ER
POLLUTION EFFECTS, CHLORID
POLLUTION, *BUOYS, #LAKE E
W71-10026
W71-09561
W71-05888
W71-05883
W71-05880
W70-08658
W71-0/t565
W71-05891
W71-05898
W72-03124
W72-01102
W72-02277
W71-13449
W69-08080
W72-04290
W72-03123
W71-02176
W71-05085
W71-07576
W71-07671
W71-07671
W71-09409
W71-10153
W71-07853
W72-04734
W72-03973
W72-01102
W72-01995
W71-12091
W72-00247
W71-12091
W71-13709
W72-00247
W71-13709
W71-11507
W71-06825
W71-05806
W71-06389
W7 1-066 79
W71-05881
W71-06053
W71-05883
W71-06053
W71-03294
W71-01580
W70-09906
W71-00397
W70-09906
W7 1-00 3 97
W70-09906
W70-06041
W70-08385
W70-04375
W70-04375
U70-04496
W70-04496
W70-04430
W70-00457
W69-08562
W69-09147
237
-------
OL, *CHLORINATION, STORM RUNOFF,
HICATION, *WATER PO/ *LAKE ERIE,
N CONTROL, WATER / *GREAT LAKES,
ION ABATEMEN/ *OHIO, *LAKE ERIE,
^SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *ECONOMICS,
LUTION EFFECTS, *EUTROPHICATION,
*GREAT LAKES, *WATER POLLUTION,
OW FLOW/ ^RECREATION FACILITIES,
IZATION, SEWAGE TREAT/ NEW YORK,
WATER(POLLUTIO/ *EUTROPHICATION,
LYSIS, *GREAT LAKES, *LAKE ERIE,
ACE ELEMENTS, *WATER POLLUTION /
*LAKE ERIE, *DATA COLLECTIONS,/
SOUR/ #LAKE ONTARIO, *LAKE ERIE,
*WATER POLLUTION SOURCES, *GRE/
ILIZATIO/ *MICHIGAN, *STANDARDS,
TER MANAGEMENT, GOVERNMENT, POL/
AMPLING, MICHIGAN,/ *MONITORING,
LUTION, *LAKE ERIE, *REGIONAL A/
PATH OF POLLUTANTS, *MONITORING,
E AGENCIES, *DRAINAGE DISTRICTS,
MINISTRATION, ~*OHIO,/ *PLANNING,
MINISTRATION, *FUTUR/ *PLANNING,
TIMIZATION, / ^SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,
EUTROPHICATION, L/ *GREAT LA-KES,
CE REPORT, MCLOUTH STEEL COMPAN/
OJECTS, *PLANNING, *GREAT LAKES,
ERSHEOS, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, LATER/
SURVEYS, *NEW YORK, LAKE ERIE, /
CIRCULATION/ *THERMAL POLLUTION,
ATION, *GREAT LAK.ES, *WEATHER, /
S, *TURBULENCE, *AQUATIC PLANTS,
FISH HARVEST, *DISSOLVED SOLIDS,
ANDARDS, *WATER QUALITY CONTROL ,
ONMENT, ^CONTROL, CONSERVATION,
RPOSE PROJECTS, ^PRESSURE CONDU/
ER/ *WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT,
Y, *COASTAL ENGINEERING, GREAT /
BREAKWATERS, L/ *FLOOD CONTROL,
*BREAKWATERS, *HYDRAUL 1C MODELS,
GREAT LAKES, WINDS, VELOCITY, A/
ES, *SNOW FALL, REDUCTION, CLOU/
REAT LAKES REGION, ^METEOROLOGY,
WATER CIRCULATION, *GREAT LAKES,
IRA STAGNALIS, NE/ *NEW SPECIES,
URON, LAKE ERIE, DETROIT EDISON/
w, *LAKES, *MATHEMATICAL MODELS,
RIE, *NUMER/ *WATER CIRCULATION,
, ^PRODUCTIVITY, *PHYTOPLANKTON,
*LAKE SUPERIOR, *EUTROPHICATION ,
STRIBUTION PATTERNS, *LAKE ERIE,
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, DISCHAR
*WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS, *EUTROP
*WATER POLLUTION, *WATER POLLUTIO
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *POLLUT
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *STANDA
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER Q
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER P
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *OVERFL
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, NEUTRAL
*WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, *WASTE
*WATER QUALITY, EUTROPHICATION, W
*WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES, *TR
*WATER QUALITY, ^CURRENTS ( WATER ),
*WATER QUALITY MONITORING.:
*WATER QUALITY, *WATER POLLUTION
*WATER QUALITY, *WATER CHEMISTRY,
*WATER QUALITY CONTROL, *WATER UT
*WATER QUALITY, *GREAT LAKES, *WA
*WATER QUALITY, *BI OIND ICATORS , S
*WATER QUALITY MONITORING.:
*WATER QUALITY MONITORING.:
*WATER QUALITY, ^MANAGEMENT, *POL
*WATER QUALITY, *LAKES, *LAKE ERI
*WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, STA
*WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *AD
*WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *AD
*WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *OP
*WATER RESOURCES, WATER QUALITY,
*WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL TASK FOR
*WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, *WA
*WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, *WAT
*WATER RESOURCES, *GROUNDWATER, *
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *HEAT, WATER
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *WATER CIRCUL
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *DISSOLVED OX
*WATER TEMPERATURE, *DDT, *HEAVY
*WATER UTILIZATION, ENVIRONMENTAL
*WATER.: /DECISION MAKING, *ENVIR
*WATERSHEDS( BASINS), *MULTIPLE-PU
*WATERSHEDS, RIPARIAN RIGHTS, LAT
*WAVE FORCES(LAKE ERIE).:
*WAVES(WATER), *LAKE ERIE, *ENERG
*WAVES(WATER), *HYDRAULIC MODELS,
*WAVES(WATER), SHORE PROTECTION.:
*WAVES, LAKE MORPHOMETRY, LAKES,
*WEATHER MODIFICATION, #GREAT LAK
*WEATHER MODIFICATION, *EVAPORATI
*WEATHER, *REMOTE SENSING, AIRCRA
*WESTERN LAKE ERIE(OHIO), GONGROS
*WHITECAPS, LAKE SUPERIOR, LAKE H
*WIND EFFECTS, CURRENTS.: /ID FLO
*WIND-DRIVEN WATER CURRENTS.:
*WINDS, *CURRENTS(WATER), *LAKE E
*ZOOPLANKTON, CYANOPHYTA, HARDNES
*ZOOPLANKTON, ^PRIMARY PRODUCTIVI
*ZOOPLANKTON, DAPHNIA, CYCLOPS, R
W69-01538
W69-02695
W69-03948
W69-06305
W69-02612
W69-02695
W69-03948
W69-01536
W69-00495
W72-05473
W69-03059
W69-08562
W71-05084
W71-05883
W71-05881
W71-05883
W7 2- 00 199
W71-07576
W71-08880
W71-07045
W71-08880
W71-07569
W71-07045
W71-06046
W72-03976
W72-03973
W71-04756
W70-06658
W70-09497
W70-00457
W68-00844
W70-00687
W70-08838
W71-05898
W71-09561
W71-09387
W72-00199
W72-03947
W71-06389
W68-00844
W7 1-05894
W71-05894
W71-07180
W70-09178
W70-06459
W71-04951
W71-10026
W71-05898
W70--04468
W70-06459
W71-01517
W71-13449
W71--13449
W72--01106
W70-03311
W70-02971
238
-------
ADRIAN, J 200
ALLEE, P A 207
ALLEN, M E 88
ALLEY, W P 199
ANDERSON, ED 165
ARCHER, R J 1*6
ARNOLD, D E 169
ARNOLD, D F 75
BALL, R C 215
BEDROISAN, A E 216
BEETON, AM 2, 3, 1*, 7, 8,
1*2, 90
BENTON, D M 76
BERRY, G T 23
BERRY, J W 216
BRASFEILD, C W 97
BRAUN, R E 96
BRINKHURST, R 0 56, 61
BRITT, N W 50, 138, 158
BRUNK, I W 19
BUECHI, P J 11*6
BUNAMO, M 191*
CAREY, W E 197
CARR, J F 5, 79
CARROLL, R 92
CASPER, V L 57
CHANDLER, D C 135
CHANGNON, S A JR 173
CHATHAM, C E JR 160
CHAU, Y K 1U2
CHAWLA, V K 11*2, 11*1*
COLBY, P J 102
COLE, A L 1^7
COLE, R A 165
COPELAND, R 106
CUTRIS, L W 15U
DAMBACH, C A 51*
DAPPERT, A F 10
DAVIES, R 80
DAVIS, C C 6, 55, 58
DINGELL, J D 193
DOWNING, R C 166, 188
DRESSMAN, R C 119
DUGAN, P R 52, 61*, 126,
1U9, 171*, 206
EADIE, W J 130
EDGINTON, D N 102
EDWARDS, W M 81*
EICHELBERGER, J W 119
FERGUSON, R G 200
FISCO, R 132
FREA, J I 52, 61*, 126, 11*9
171*, 206
GEDNEY, R 112, 189
GILLULY, R H 101*
GOTAAS, H B 73
GRUNDY, R D 217
GUMERMAN, R C 201
HALL, F E 157
HAMBLIN, P F 205
HAMILTON, A L 61, 187
HANNA, G P JR 27
HARLOW, G L 12
HARRIS, T B JR 207
HARRIS, A J 181
HARROLD, L L 8U
HARRY, G Y 135
HENDERSON, C 218
HERBST, R P 1*7
HERDENDORF, C E 78, 137, 182
HERRINGTON, H B 61
HILL, G 72
HILTUNEN, J K 1*1
HOBSON, G D 137
HOLROYD, E W I I I 133
HOWELL, J A 198
HUBBELL, G 212
HUBSCHMAN, J H 195
HUDSON, R Y 210
HYCHE, C M 180
INGLIS, A 218
IRBE, J G 11*8
IZATT, J B 87, 91*, 98, 121*,
158
JIUSTO, J E 133, 131*, 219
JOHNSON, W L 218
JOHNSON, M G 177
JOHNSON, W E 178, 181
JONES, J A 92, 96, 101
JONES, P H 71
KAPLAN, M L 131*, 219
KEMP, A L W 136, 176, 220
KISER, K M 198
KISHLER, W J 71*, 76, 139
KOLKA, J W 216
KORMONDY, E J 1*8
KU, L F 208
LA SALA, A M JR 1*6, 1*9
LAMB, J C 156
LESHNIOWSKY, W 0 11*9, 171*, 206
239
------- |