United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Ranning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EMB Report 91-STY-1
Volume I
December 1992
Air
Determination Of Styrene Emissions
From The Cultured Marble And Sink
Manufacturing Industry
Venetian Marble
Richmond, VA
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DCN No.: 92-275-026-54-06
Radian No.: 275-026-54
EPA No.: 68-D9-0054
DETERMINATION OF STYRENE
EMISSIONS FROM THE CULTURED
MARBLE AND SINK
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
FINAL REPORT
Venetian Marble
Richmond, VA
Work Assignment 2.54
EPA Contract 68D90054
Prepared for:
Robert McCrackan
Emission Measurement Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
Prepared by:
Radian Corporation
Research Triangle Park, N.C. 22209
April, 1992
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1-1
1.1 Introduction . 1-1
1.2 Test Objectives 1-1
2.0 DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY AND SAMPLLNG LOCATIONS 2-1
2.1 Description of Facility 2-1
2.2 Sampling Locations . 2-3
3.0 Results 3-1
3.1 Paniculate Results 3-1
3.2 Styrene Results 3-2
4.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 4-1
4.1 Paniculate Matter/Condensible Paniculate Matter (PM/CPM)
Emissions Testing 4-1
4.2 Styrene 4-8
4.3 EPA Methods 1-4 4-11
5.0 PROJECT QUALITY CONTROL 5-1
5.1 Styrene 5-1
5.2 Paniculate 5-5
APPENDIX A PM10 FIELD DATA SHEETS
APPENDIX B LABORATORY GRAVIMETRIC DATA
APPENDIX C CALCULATIONS OF SAMPLING PARAMETERS
APPENDIX D STYRENE FIELD DATA SHEETS
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LIST OF FIGURES
Page
2-1 Venetian Marble Plant Production Area „ 2-1
4-1 PM/CPM Sampling Train 4-2
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
3-1 Particulate and Condensables Concentration Summary 3-3
3-2 Participate and Condensables Emission Rate Summary 3-4
3-3 Styrene Concentration and Emission Rate Summary 3-5
3-4 Daily Resin Use Summary 3-6
5-1 Summary of Acceptance Criteria, Control Limits, and
Corrective Action 5-2
5-2 Results of Laboratory Bias Studies 5-4
5-3 Isokinetic Sampling Summary 5-6
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1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1-1 Introduction
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other government
agencies are aware of the presence of substances in the ambient air that may be toxic at
certain concentrations. Very little data is available on the concentrations of these
substances in the ambient air or on the sources and emission rates. One of the
compounds of particular interest is styrene.
Styrene emissions to the atmosphere occur during the production of
styrene, styrene based polymers and resins, and the manufacturing of various products
which use styrene based polymers and resins in the production process. The cultured
marble manufacturing industry is one industry that uses styrene based resins in the
production of bathroom sinks and tubs. Data that documents the emissions from such
sources is limited.
In effort to develop emission rate data specific to the cultured marble and
sink manufacturing industry the Emissions Measurement Branch of the Environmental
Protection Agency contracted Radian Corporation to perform source sampling at two
such facilities. This document presents the results of the sampling conducted at the first
of these two facilities, Venetian Marble, in Richmond, Virginia. Sampling was conducted
December 16 through December 19, 1991.
12 Test Objectives
The primary purpose of the testing that took place at Venetian Marble was
to determine the emission rate of styrene during normal production schedules.
Additionally, particulate emission rates were also assessed.
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The specific test objectives were:
Determine the emission rate of styrene being emitted from the
exhaust vents during normal production;
Determine the emission rates of particulate matter in terms of
particle size (> or <; 10 microns) and condensables during normal
production;
Determine the level of particulate concentration at the inlet and
outlet of the bag house and calculate a removal efficiency;
Relate emission rates of styrene and particulate matter to the
amount of raw material used and to the number of units produced.
Five sources were sampled for particulate matter and three of these five
sources were also sampled for condensable particulate matter and styrene.
To provide a measure of precision, all samples were collected in triplicate
at each location with the exception of the mixing room exhaust. Due to plant operating
schedules only one particulate sample was collected at that source.
Styrene sampling was coordinated with the plant production schedule to
ensure that the samples would be representative of process emissions.
Additionally, field and laboratory studies were performed to establish the
bias of the sampling and analysis methodology for styrene. A discussion of these studies
is provided in Section 5, Project Quality Control.
Section 2.0 contains a detailed description of the facility and sampling
locations. The results of the testing and a discussion of these results are presented in
Section 3.0 of this report. Detailed descriptions of the sampling methodology are
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contained in Section 4.0. The quality assurance and quality control measures taken
during this program as well as the results of these measures are discussed in Section 5.0.
Raw data and analytical results are included in the appendices.
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2.0 DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY AND SAMPLING LOCATIONS
This section contains a description of the facility and the sampling
locations.
2.1 Description of Facility
Venetian Marble, located in Richmond, Virginia, manufactures products
consisting of bathtubs, bathroom counter tops, bathroom sinks, showers, wall panels, and
vindow sills. This facility can be characterized as a small, custom operation in contrast
to other, larger production oriented facilities. The normal operating schedule is 5:00
AM to 5:00 PM, Monday through Wednesday. Operation begins at 5:00 AM on
Thursday and continues until the weekly production schedule is met, usually around
12:00 noon. Friday is not a production day.
Production of the finished product consists of several steps performed
sequentially. Figure 2-1 contains a schematic of the plant production area. The process
begins with mold preparation. Each mold is hand made, often using standard forms in
custom application. Once the mold is formed it is cleaned and waxed, then moved to the
spray booth where a thin layer of resin "gel coat" is applied. Molds that have been gel
coated then proceed to the casting process. Resin, catalyst, and crushed marble filler are
mixed in a closed process and pumped to the molds. The casting process uses open
molds which, once filled, are allowed to cure and harden before the final production
stage of grinding and polishing. The finished product then goes to the warehouse for
packing and shipment.
The gel coat and resin are purchased in bulk liquid form (55 gallon drums)
as styrene monomer which has no vapor suppressor added.
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Shipping
Storage
Mixing
Room
Air
Flow
Resin
Storage
Curing
Area
Storage
Area
Grinding
Sanding
Room
Spray
Booth
Air
Flow
Air
Flow
Baghouse
c
CD
W
03
.C
X
LLJ
C
co
ca
Figure 2-1. Venetian Marble Plant Production Area
2-2
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The emission points within the building are the "matrix" (the 3" opening
where resin is pumped onto the mold) and the gel coat spray area. To a lesser degree
emissions will occur over the small mixer where custom blends are prepared.
The manufacturing operation is housed in a large single room with the
exception of the grinding and sanding area. This part of the process is contained within
the manufacturing room in a separate, enclosed area. Three exhaust fans are used to
vent the work place air to the outside of the building. One fan exhausts air from the
spray booth. A second exhaust fan and a floor level vent connected to a rooftop fan
remove air from the resin mixing and casting area. Particulate matter generated during
the grinding and polishing operations is controlled by a high efficiency filtration system.
The filtered air is returned to the workplace and not vented to the outside of the
building. With the exception of the filtration system at the grinding room and a bank of
filters at the spray booth there are no emission control devices in use.
2.2 Sampling Locations
This section describes the sampling locations and the emission sources.
2.2.1 Spray Booth
Vapors and mist generated in the spray booth during the gel coating
process are drawn through a bank of filters and exhausted through a louvered, wall
mounted fan in an outside wall of the building. A wooden duct extension was
constructed and mounted horizontally over this fan to provide a sampling location that
met the requirements of EPA Method 1. Dimensions of this duct were 3' x 3' x 8' long
(equivalent duct diameter equals 3'). Six (6) sampling ports were located six (6) feet
downstream of the fan, meeting minimum requirements for port placement. Five (5)
points were sampled in each of the ports during the particulate sampling, yielding
30 points per test.
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222 Mixing Room Vent
Vapors generated in the proximity of the automatic resin/catalyst/filler
mixer are removed through of a floor level vent and exhausted through the roof by
means of a rooftop fan via a 2'x4' duct (equivalent diameter equals 2.67'). Samples were
collected through six (6) ports on the 4' face of the duct approximately 10' downstream
of the floor level bend, meeting Method 1 minimum requirements. Twenty four (24)
points were sampled during the particulate testing, four (4) points in each of the six (6)
ports.
2.2.3 Mixing Room Exhaust
The room containing the resin/catalyst/filler mixer was vented by a
louvered, wall mounted fan in addition to the mixing room vent. This fan was located
approximately 10 feet above floor level and provided general room ventilation,
exhausting to the outside through a wall opposite of the mixer. The sampling location
consisted of a wooden duct extension mounted similarly to the duct constructed for
sampling the spray booth. Dimensions of this duct were 4'x4'xlO' long divalent
diameter equals 4'). This location met Method 1 requirements with six ; ports placed
eight (8) feet downstream of the fan. Five (5) points were sampled in each port during
particulate sampling, yielding a 30 point sampling matrix.
2.2.4 Baghouse Inlet and Outlet
The inlet and outlet of the filtration system associated with the grinding
operation were sampled through existing ductwork. Wall mounted vents located at
ceiling height were used to collect airborne particulate matter generated during the
grinding and sanding operations. These vents were joined together to form a single duct
leading to the filtration system.
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The inlet samples were collected 42" downstream of the nearest flow
disturbance (90 degree bend) in a 60" straight run of ductwork. This ductwork measured
25"xl8" (equivalent diameter equals 21") and minimum Method 1 requirements were
met. Six (6) points in each of four (4) ports located on the 18" duct face were sampled
during each particulate test, yielding 24 points per test.
The outlet of the baghouse was sampled in a 25.5"x22.75" duct in which six
(6) ports had been placed in the 25.5" face. These ports were located approximately 48"
downstream of the nearest flow disturbance (90 degree bend). The nearest downstream
disturbance from the sampling location was a branch duct. This duct was located
approximately 8" from the sampling location and Method 1 requirements were not met.
(Equivalent diameter equals 22.75"). This problem was overcome by closing off this
branch duct.
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3.0 RESULTS
The five locations where sampling was performed are:
• The baghouse inlet;
• The baghouse outlet;
• The spray booth exhaust;
• The mixing room floor level vent (mixing room vent); and
• The mixing room exhaust.
All five locations were sampled for particulate matter. The spray booth,
mixing room vent, and mixing room exhaust were also sampled for condensable
particulate matter and styrene. The baghouse inlet and outlet were not emission points
as the exhaust was recycled back into the building. The results of the particulate
sampling are discussed in Section 3.1 and the styrene results in Section 3.2.
3.1 Particulate Results
The particulate matter (PM) sampling was performed as described in
Methods 201A and 202 (with the exceptions of the inlet and outlet of the particulate
filtration system). Utilizing this methodology results in four sample fractions:
• PM fractions of greater than 10 microns (> 10);
• PM fractions equal to or less than 10 microns (^ 10);
• An inorganic condensable fraction; and
• An organic condensable fraction.
Details of this sampling methodology are contained in Section 4.0.
Due to the very low concentrations of PM in all of the sources sampled
(condensable and particulate) and the length of sample collection times, all samples
collected had very low measurable weight gain. Corrections for reagent blanks further
reduced the reportable mass.
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The concentrations of the particulate matter measured are presented in
Table 3-1. Emission rates are summarized in Table 3-2. The results have been
corrected for reagent blank weight gain for those samples where solvents were used in
recovery.
Average total, particulate concentrations ranged from 0.0009 grains per dry
standard cubic foot (gr/dscf) collected at the baghouse inlet to 0.0005 gr/dscf collected
at the spray booth and mixing room exhausts. Emission rates of particulate matter
ranged from 0.0013 pounds per hour (Ib/hr) measured at the baghouse inlet to 0.0005
Ib/hr measured at the mixing room vent and mixing room exhaust. The highest emission
rate of particulate matter to the outside of the building was from the spray booth
exhaust, averaging 0.0007 gr/dscf.
The concentrations of condensable particulate matter was similar for all
locations where such samples were collected. Total condensable particulate matter
concentrations ranged from 0.0002 gr/dscf at the spray booth exhaust to 0.0004 at the
mixing room vent and mixing room exhaust. The average emission rates ranged from
0.0002 Ib/hr at the mixing room vent to 0.0004 Ib/hr at the mixing room exhaust.
A baghouse particulate removal efficiency was not calculated due to the
extremely low mass of particulate collected in the train.
3.2 Styrene Results
A summary of the results of the styrene emissions testing is contained in
Table 3-3. Daily resin use is summarized in Table 3-4. The results of the testing are
discussed for each of the sources sampled in the following sections.
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Table 3-1. Particulate and Condensables Concentration Summary
Venetian Marble (December 1991)
OJ
Location
Baghouse Inlet
Run
1
2
3
Average
Baghouse Outlet
1
2
3
Average
Spray Booth Exhaust
1
2
3
Average
Mixing Room Vent
1
2
3
Average
Mixing Room Exhaust
1
Particulate Concentration
s; 10 Microns
fer/ 10 Microns
(gr/dscf)
0.00022
0.00094
0.00107
0.00074
0.00023
0.00064
0.00029
0,00039
0.00037
0.00007
0.00013
0.00019
0.00037
0.00020
0.00081
0.00046
0.00023
Total
(gr/dscf)
0.00039
0.00111
0.00119
0,00090
0.00035
0.00081
0.00052
0,00056
0.00107
0.00014
0.00028
0.00050
0.00061
0.00026
0.00131
0,00073
0.00047
Condensable Concentration
Aqueous
(gr/dscf)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00000
0.00004
0.00009
0,00004
0.00005
0.00017
0.00013
0.00012
0.00009
Organic
(gr/dscf)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00019
0.00018
0.00018
0.00019
0.00016
0.00016
0.00045
0.00025
0.00026
Total
(gr/dscf)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00019
0.00022
0.00028
0.00023
0.00021
0.00033
0.00058
0.00037
0.00035
NT = Not Tested
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Table 3-2. Particulate and Condensables Emission Rate Summary
Venetian Marble (December 1991)
Location
Baghouse Inlet
Run
1
2
3
Average
Baghouse Outlet
1
2
3
Average
Spray Booth Exhaust
1
2
3
Average
Mixing Room Vent
1
2
3
Average
Mixing Room Exhaust
1
Particulate Emission Rate
£ 10 Microns
(lb/hr)
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0,00022
0.00017
0.00025
0.00034
0.00025
0.00097
0.00008
0.00023
0.00043
0.00014
0.00004
0.00032
0,00017
0.00024
> 10 Microns
(Ib/hr)
0.00032
0.00137
0.00156
0.00108
0.00034
0.00093
0.00042
0,00057
0.00051
0.00008
0.00019
0.00026
0.00022
0.00011
0.00052
0.00028
0.00023
Total
(Ib/br)
0.00057
0.00162
0.00172
0,00130
0.00051
0.00119
0.00076
0,00082
0.00148
0.00015
0.00042
0,00069
0.00036
0.00015
0.00083
0,00045
0.00048
Condensable Emission Rate
Aqueous
(lb/hr)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00000
0.00004
0.00014
0.00006
0.00003
0.00010
0.00008
0,00007
0.00009
Organic
Ob/ht)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00027
0.00020
0.00027
0.00025
0.00009
0.00009
0.00028
0,00016
0.00026
Total
(lb/hr)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
0.00027
0.00024
0.00041
0.00031
0.00013
0.00019
0.00037
0,00023
0.00035
NT = Not Tested
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Table 3-3. Styrene Concentration and Emission Rate Summary
Venetian Marble (December 1991)
Location
Spray Booth Exhaust
Mixing Room Vent
Mixing Room Exhaust
Spray Booth Exhaust
Date
12/18/91
12/18/91
12/19/91
12/19/91
Sampling
Time
0929-1028
1044-1218
1232-1327
1337-1525
Average
0912-0945
0952-1110
1130-1247
1257-1424
1443-1549
Average
0713-0800
0830-0925
0933-1030
Average
0713-0835
0845-1005
1010-1036
Average
Styrene
Concentration
(Pf>m)
42.3
40.9
36.7
34.4
41.7
40.8
39.0
35.9
9.5
9.2
16.1
15.6
13.2
12.4
23.6
22.2
14.9
15.7
10.4
9.7
10.8
10.1
7.1
7.0
21.5
21.4
22.8
21.8
42.1
43.3
Run Average
Styrene
Concentration
(ppm)
41.6
35.6
41.3
37.5
39.0
9.4
15.9
12.8
22.9
15.3
15.3
10.1
10.5
7.1
9.2
21.5
22.3
42.7
28.8
Average
Stack
Flow Rate
(dscfm)
155.0
155.0
155.0
155.0
155.0
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
117.2
117.2
117.2
117.2
155.0
155.0
155.0
155,0
Emission
Rate
(Ib/hr)
0.1024
0.0877
0.1017
0.0923
0.0960
0.0103
0.0174
0.0140
0.0251
0.0168
0.0168
0.0188
0.0196
0.0132
0.0172
0.0530
0.0549
0.1052
0.0710
3-5
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Table 3-4. Daily Resin Use Summary
Venetian Marble (December 1991)
Date
12/16/91
12/17/91
12/18/91
12/19/91
Average
Mix
Prepared
(Ibs)
5500
5700
5200
2500
4725
Resin
Consumption
(Ibs)1
1375
1425
1300
625
1181
Gel Coat
Consumption
(Ibs)2
196
203
186
89
169
Total
Resin
Consumption
(Ibs)
1571
1628
1486
714
1350
1 The mix is 25 % resin by weight.
2 Based upon 1 Ib gel coat/libs resin used.
Note: For converting Ibs resin to gallons use ratio of 9.5 Ibs/gal.
3-6
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3.2.1 Spray Booth
Emissions of styrene from the spray booth were measured over two days.
The first day was December 18 when production rates were relatively high.
Concentrations of styrene measured on that day averaged 39 ppm corresponding to the
average emission rate of 0.0960 Ib/hr of styrene. Average concentrations of styrene
ranged from 36 ppm to 42 ppm. Production on this day of sampling resulted in a resin
use of 1486 pounds over approximately a 10 hour period.
The second day of sampling, December 19, yielded lower results, averaging
29 ppm and 0.0710 Ib/hr of styrene. Plant activities during this day were dedicated to
finishing up the weekly scheduled production. The length of operating time was
shortened with the molding/casting operations ending at approximately 11 am (six hours
of production time). Concentrations of styrene varied from 22 ppm to 43 ppm prior to
plant shut down. Resin usage on this day was 714 pounds.
3.2.2 Mixing Room Vent
Concentrations of styrene averaged 15 ppm with a range of 9 ppm to
24 ppm. The emission rate of styrene was calculated to average 0.0168 Ib/hr. Resin
usage during approximately 10 hours of production was 1486 pounds on this test day.
3.2.3 Mixing Room Exhaust
Emissions of styrene were measured during two different mixing methods.
Custom hand mixing was performed during the first hour of operation. The single
sample collected during this operation measured 10 ppm of styrene.
Normal mixing operations began at 8:30. The concentrations of styrene
measured during this period of operation were 11 and 7 ppm. The average
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concentration of styrene based on normal operation was 9 ppm and the average emission
rate was 0.0172 Ib/hr. Resin usage on this day was 714 Ib over six hours of production.
3.2.4 Styrene Emissions Summary
Inventory data provided by Venetian Marble covering the period January 1
to June 30, 1991 shows that 120,100 Ibs. of resin, 15,253 Ibs. of gel coat and 320,850 Ibs.
of filler was used in the manufacturing process. For this period of time the number of
production days was calculated to be 100 (4 day work week, 25 weeks). -The average
daily use of resin and gel coat is then estimated to be 1201 Ibs. and 152 Ibs. respectively
for a total resin use of 1353 Ibs. Table 3.4 shows the amount of resin and gel coat used
on a daily basis during the test period. These values agree closely with the above
estimates which are based on a six month period. From the data given in Table 3-3, the
styrene emission rates from the spray booth exhaust, mixing room vent and mixing room
exhaust are summed to give an average plant wide styrene emission rate of
0.13 Ibs./hour. For a 10 hour work day the daily styrene emission rate would be
1.3 Ibs./day. Therefore, the daily emissions of styrene would be 1.3 Ibs. per 1350 Ibs. of
resin used.
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4.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
The sampling and analytical procedures used for this testing are the most
recent revisions of the published EPA methods. In this section, descriptions of each
sampling and analytical method are provided.
4.1 Participate Matter/Condensible Particulate Matter (PM/CPM) Emissions
Testing
The sampling method for particulate matter/condensible particulate matter
(PM10/CPM) is a combination of the protocols outlined in EPA Method 201A [entitled
"Determination of PM10 Emissions (Constant Sampling Rate Procedure)"] and EPA
Method 202 (entitled "Determination of Condensible Emissions from Stationary
Sources"). These methods are summarized below. Method 201A is applicable to the
measurement of PM emissions with aerodynamic diameters less than or equal to 10
microns (PM10), in addition to PM emissions larger than 10 microns from various types
of stationary sources. Method 202 applies to the determination of CPM from various
types of sources. Condensible PM emissions are gaseous matter and aerosols that
condense after passing through a filter, which captures liquid and solid particulates.
Analyses of the test samples were performed for total PM, PM10, and CPM.
Particulate matter emissions larger than 10 microns were determined by
measuring the weight of the catch of an in-stack PM10 cyclone. The PM10 emissions were
determined by the weight gain of an in-stack backup filter, which is downstream of the
cyclone. CPM emissions were determined by the weight gain of the impinger solutions
after evaporation.
4.1.1 Particulate Matter/Condensible Particulate Matter Sampling Equipment
Figure 4-1 shows the sampling train for the PM/CPM method, which
combines the in-stack cyclone, filter assembly, and probe from Method 201A with the
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f
n
ta
5
Temperature
Sensor
Cyclone
Nozzle
Backup Filler Holder
Thermometer
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impinger assembly from Method 202. The sample train consisted of a tapered stainless
steel inlet nozzle, an in-stack PM10 cyclone, and a filter behind the cyclone, a glass probe
liner, a series of 4 impingers, and the usual EPA Method 5 meterbox and vacuum pump.
The instrument used in PM10 determination was a Sierra Instruments
Series 280 Cyclade™ cyclone. At a predetermined flow rate this device collects
particulates larger than 10 microns and allows particulates smaller than 10 microns to
pass through to a backup filter. The cyclone causes the gas stream to swirl in a vortex;
larger particulates contact the cyclone wall and fall into a collection cup.
The in-stack backup filter used after the cyclone has a demonstrated
collection efficiency of greater than 99.95 percent on dioctylphthalate (DOP) smoke
particles as required by ASTM Standard Method D.
As outlined in EPA Method 202, the first three impingers each contained
100 ml of deionized distilled H20, and the fourth contained silica gel. The first two
impingers were of the Greenburg-Smith design with standard tips; the other impingers
had straight tubes. The impingers were connected together with clean glass U-tube
connectors.
4.1.2 Particulate Matter/Condensible Participate Matter Sampling Equipment
Preparation
4.1.2.1 Glassware Preparation. Glassware was prepared as follows:
• Wash in hot soapy water;
• Rinse with tap water;
• Rinse with deionized distilled water;
• Rinse with acetone; and
• Rinse with methylene chloride (MeCl2).
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The cleaned glassware was allowed to air dry in a contamination-free environment.
After drying, the ends were sealed with parafilm to prevent contamination. All glass
components of the sampling train plus any sample bottles, pipets, Erlenmeyer flasks,
petri dishes, graduated cylinders, and other laboratory glassware used during sample
preparation, recovery, and analysis were cleaned according to this procedure.
The cyclone housing, nozzle, and interior surfaces were cleaned with hot,
soapy water, rinsed with hot tap water, rinsed with distilled deionized water, and finally
rinsed and dried with acetone.
4.1.2.2 Reagent Preparation. The deionized distilled reagent water used conforms
to the American Society for Testing and Materials Specification D 1193-74, Type II.
4.1.2.3 Equipment Preparation. All measuring devices used during sampling were
calibrated prior to use as specified in EPA Method 5. This equipment included top
loading scales, the probe nozzles, pitot tubes, metering system, probe heater, temperature
gauges, dry gas metering system, and barometer.
All filters used were desiccated and tared on a four place balance prior to
use. Replicate weighings at least 6 hours apart agreed to within 0.5 mg to yield an
acceptable weight. Each filter was then stored in an individual petri dish with an
identification number, and all data recorded in the logbook.
4.1.3 Paniculate Matter/Condensible Participate Matter Sampling Operations
The sampling procedure for the PM/CPM method is similar to the
procedure for EPA Method 5, except that a different method is used for nozzle size
selection and sampling time. No silicone grease is used in assembling the sample train
in order to avoid contamination.
dkd.168 4.4
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Prior to sampling for PM10, a preliminary velocity traverse was performed.
Moisture content, and flue gas molecular weight, and temperatures were determined
using EPA Methods 1 through 4. These data were used to select an appropriate
sampling nozzle or nozzles. In preparation for sampling, the tester must calculate an
appropriate nozzle size for each anticipated range of pitot readings (delta P), such that
isokinetics may be maintained within ± 20 percent of the constant sampling rate.
The impinger train was prepared according to EPA Method 5. Teflon®
tape was used to provide leak-free connections between glassware. The impingers and
impinger contents were weighed and the weights recorded. The sample train
components were carefully assembled in the recovery trailer except for attachment of the
cyclone, backup filter, and probe which was performed at the stack sampling location.
The train was assembled at the sampling location by connecting the
cyclone, filter, and probe liner to the impinger train, which was connected to the
meterbox. After the probe and filter were connected, the train was leak checked at
vacuum greater than expected during the test. The leak rate was below 0.02 cfm, or 4%
of the sampling rate (whichever was less).
The samples were withdrawn at a constant flow rate from the stack at the
traverse points determined by EPA Method 1. The sampling time at each point was
based on the relative gas velocity at that point. A leak check was performed before and
after each sample test. Parafilm or Teflon tape was used to seal the train components at
the end of each test.
4.1.4 Participate Matter/Condensible Participate Matter Sample Recovery
Recovery procedures began as soon as the probe was removed from the
stack at the end of the sampling period. To facilitate transfer from the sampling location
to the recovery trailer, the sampling train was disassembled into four sections: the
cyclone, the filter holder, the nozzle/probe liner, and the impingers in their bucket.
dkd.168 4-5
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Each of these sections was capped with parafilm or Teflon tape before being transported
to the recovery trailer.
4.1.4.1 Cyclone Recovery. The cyclone was disassembled and the nozzle removed.
Particulate was quantitatively recovered from the interior surfaces of the nozzle, cyclone,
and collection cup (excluding the exit tube) by brushing with a nylon bristle brush and
rinsing with acetone until the rinse shows no visible particles. After this procedure, a
final rinse of the cyclone surfaces and brush was performed. All particulate and acetone
rinse was collected in a sample jar and sealed. The liquid level was marked, and the jar
was identified and this information was logged into the field notebook.
The above procedure was repeated for all interior surfaces from the exit
tube to the front half of the in-stack filter. The acetone rinse was collected in a separate
sample jar, sealed, identified, the liquid level was marked, and the sample information
was logged into the field notebook.
4.1.4.2 Backup Filter Recovery. The backup filter holder was opened and the
filter was removed with tweezers or rubber gloves. The filter was placed in a marked
petri dish sealed with Teflon tape, and logged into the field notebook.
4.1.4.3 Probe and Impingers Recovery. The weight or volume gain in each of the
impingers was recorded to determine the moisture content in the flue gas. The liquid
from the three impingers was transferred into a clean glass sample jar. The impinger
bottles, back half of the filter holders, and probe liner were rinsed (2X) with water, the
rinse water was added to the sample bottle, and the liquid level was marked on the
bottle.
Following the water rinses, the impingers, filter holder, and probe were
rinsed (2X) with MeCl2. The MeCl2 rinse was saved in a clean glass sample jar and the
liquid level was marked.
dkd.168 4-6
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All sample jars were fully identified, sealed, and logged into the field
notebook.
4.1.4.4 Field Blanks. Field blanks of water (500 ml), MeCL, (a volume
approximately equal to the volume used for the MeCl2 rinses), and acetone (200 ml)
were taken. Each reagent blank was of the same lot as was used during the sampling
program.
4.1.5 Participate Matter/Condensible Paniculate Matter Analysis
Sample jars were checked to ascertain if leakage during shipment had
occurred. If sample loss occurs during shipment, the sample may be voided or a method
may be used to incorporate a correction factor to scale the final results depending on the
volume of the loss. No sample loss was discovered.
4.1.5.1 Cyclone Catch Analysis. The acetone rinses from the cyclone were
analyzed according to EPA Method 5. Each rinse was evaporated at room temperature
(TOT) in a tared beaker to dryness. The residue was then desiccated at room
temperature for 24 hours to a constant weight in a desiccator containing anhydrous
calcium sulfate. To be considered constant weight, each replicate weighing agreed to
within 0.5 mg and each weighing least 6 hours apart. Weight gain for each was reported
to the nearest 0.1 mg. This weight gain constituted the paniculate matter greater than
10 microns.
4.1.5.2 Filter Catch Analysis. The backup filter catch and rinses were analyzed
according to EPA Method 5 requirements.
For each filter, the filter and loose particulates were transferred to a tared
glass weighing dish and dried in a desiccator containing silica gel for 24 hours. The
sample was weighed to a constant weight, with results reported to the nearest 0.1 mg.
dkd.168 4-7
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The resulting weight gain from the filter and exit tube acetone rinses constituted the
non-condensible PM10 portion of the sample.
4.1.5.3 Impinger and Probe Sample Analysis. The MeCl2 sample was combined
with the water sample in a 1,000 ml separately funnel. After mixing, the aqueous and
organic phases were allowed to separate; most of the organic/MeCl2 phase was drained
off and collected in a tared 350 ml weighing tin (approximately 100 ml). Then 75 ml of
MeCl2 was added and mixed; again most of the organic MeCl2 was drained into the
weighing tin. This procedure was repeated with another 75 ml of MeCl2. A total of
approximately 250 ml of organic extract was drained into the weighing tin. No water was
drained during this procedure.
Organic Fraction Weight Determination
The organic extract was evaporated under a laboratory hood. Following
evaporation, it was dried in a desiccator containing silica gel for 24 hours. The resulting
sample was weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg.
Aqueous Fraction Weight Determination
The aqueous portion remaining after extraction with McCl2 was placed in a
tared beaker and evaporated under a laboratory hood. Following evaporation it was
dried in a desiccator for 24 hours. The resulting sample was weighed to the nearest
0.1 mg.
4.2 Stvrene
Samples for on-site analysis of styrene collected using EPA Method 18
(Appendix A). Integrated bag samples were collected for one to two hours (during the
same time period as the particulate) by drawing stack gas into 20 liter Tedlar® bags.
Samples were collected in triplicate at the locations described in Section 2.2. Each
dkd.168 4_g
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-------
sample was analyzed on site by gas chromatography utilizing a flame ionization detector
(GC/FID). Instrument conditions were established in the laboratory prior to arriving on
site. Stack parameters of moisture, velocity, flow rate and temperature were determined
by the PM measurements.
4.2.1 Styrene Sampling Equipment
Styrene was collected in evacuated Tedlar® bags. The sampling train
consisted of a probe, a Teflon® sample transfer line, flow controller, leak proof rigid
container, and a vacuum pump. All components except the vacuum pump were heated
to a minimum temperature of 90°C in order to minimize the condensation of styrene in
the train.
4.22 Styrene Sampling Operations
A blanked evacuated 20 liter Tedlar® bag was placed into a rigid, heated
container. The inlet to the bag was attached to a Teflon® probe by means of a fitting
mounted through the container lid. The lid was then closed and the bag filled by
evacuating he container with a diaphragm pump. Flow was monitored by means of a
rotometer mounted at the pump exhaust. Sampling rate did not vary during any run.
Run times were varied to coincide with plant operations and flow rates were therefore
adjusted in order to collect approximately 10-15 liters per sample.
Initial work on-site indicated a possible low bias in the results due to
adsorption of styrene by the sampling system (see Section 5.1). Therefore, each bag was
filled and emptied twice with gas from the source to be sampled prior to sample
collection.
Times were recorded at the start and finish of sample collection. Sampling
periods varied according to process operations and the pace of chromatography. All
bags collected were analyzed within 40 minutes of collection. The temperature of the
dkd.168 4-9
Styrene.Fnl
-------
bags was maintained above that of the source sampled at all times, either by use of
heated containers or elevated laboratory temperatures.
4.2.3 Stvrene Analysis
The samples were analyzed by GC/FID in the on-site laboratory. The
GC/FID instrument conditions were as follows:
• Gas Chromatograph-HP 5890, equipped with a 10 mL sample loop
• Column—1/8" O.D. stainless steel, 8'long, packed with SP-1000
Detector-Flame ionization
• Temperature program-isothermal at 235 degrees C
• Integrator-HP 3396A
The instrument was calibrated with a series of styrene standards contained
in commercially available compressed gas cylinders. The standard concentrations were
20, 500, and 1000 ppmv. To calibrate, the sample loop was flushed with a standard and
then injected into the GC/FID. The area count of the styrene p ;k was measured by
the integrator. This was repeated for each remaining standard. A calibration curve was
developed by performing a least squares fit using the concentrations and corresponding
area counts of the standards. A new calibration curve was developed at the beginning of
each day of sampling and repeated at the end of each day.
Samples were analyzed in the same manner by flushing the sample loop,
injecting the sample and measuring the area count. This area count was then converted
to a concentration using the least squares equation developed with the standards. Each
sample was analyzed in duplicate. The identification of styrene was determined based on
retention time established by the standards. No interferents were encountered due to
the fact that no other chemicals except methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) are used
dkd.168 4.
Styrene.Fnl
-------
in the manufacturing process. The MEKP is used in extremely small amounts and would
not be detected by the GC/FID.
4.3 EPA Methods 1-4
4.3.1 Traverse Point Location By EPA Method 1
The number and location of sampling traverse points necessary for
isokinetic and flow sampling is dictated by EPA Method 1 protocol. These parameters
are based upon how much duct distance separates the sampling ports from the closest
downstream and upstream flow disturbances.
4.3.2 Volumetric Flow Rate Determination by EPA Method 2
Volumetric flow rate was measured according to EPA Method 2. A
Type K thermocouple and S-type pitot tube are used to measure flue gas temperature
and velocity, respectively. All of the isokinetically sampled methods that are used
incorporate EPA Method 2.
4.3.2.1 Sampling and Equipment Preparation. For EPA Method 2, the pitot
tubes were calibrated before use following the directions in the method. Also, the pilots
were leak checked before and after each run.
4.3.2.2 Sampling Operations. The parameters that were measured include the
pressure drop across the pitots, stack temperature, stack static and ambient pressure.
These parameters were measured at each traverse point, as applicable. A computer
program was used to calculate the average velocity during the sampling period.
dkd.168 4-11
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4.3.3 O2 and CO2 Concentrations by EPA Method 3
The O2 and CO, were assumed to be ambient concentrations due to the
fact that the exhaust gases sampled were ambient air.
4.3.4 Average Moisture Determination by EPA Method 4
Moisture determinations were made by wet bulb measurements.
Temperatures of water saturation determined by wet bulb measurements were converted
to percent moisture in the gas stream by dividing the vapor pressure of water at those
temperatures by the daily barometric pressure and multiplying by 100.
dkd.168 4-12
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5.0 PROJECT QUALITY CONTROL
The following subsections summarize the quality control measures
implemented during the field testing conducted at Venetian Marble in Richmond, Va
during the period December 16 through December 19, 1991.
5.1 Styrene
The physical and chemical properties of styrene present unique sampling
and analytical challenges. These properties must be considered and integrated with the
requirements of EPA Method 18. Since styrene will polymerize at temperatures between
150 and 200 degrees C and is readily absorbed by any rubber material, special
precautions were implemented as well as performing field and laboratory method
validation experiments termed "bias check" studies. The details of the QC measures used
for this testing are discussed below. Table 5.1 shows the acceptance criteria and control
limits for the data generated during this field test.
A daily multi-point calibration curve was developed at the beginning of
each day of sampling. In each case, a minimum of four concentration levels were used
and the resulting correlation coefficients (R) from the least squares fit applied to the
data met the requirement of R being equal to or greater than 0.99 as outlined in the test
plan. "Instrument check standards" were run after the analysis of each sample and all
calculated values were within 20% of the theoretical value based on the initial
calibration curve. Duplicate analyses were performed on each sample and the calculated
concentrations were within 5% of the mean of the two values.
Prior to sampling, the Tedlar® bags were leak checked and blanked. Each
bag was filled to capacity with high purity nitrogen and allowed to stand over night.
Visual inspection was used to determine if a bag was leak free. Leak free bags were
then blanked by analyzing the nitrogen for styrene. New, unused bags were used for
each source tested.
dkd.168 5-1
Styrene.Fnl
-------
Table 5-1. Summary of Acceptance Criteria, Control Limits,
and Corrective Action; Venetian Marble (December 1991)
Criteria
Manual Sampling
Isokinetics
Dry Gas Meter
Calibration
Replicate Meter
Calibration Factors
Average Meter Calibration
Check
Dry Gas Meter
Calibration Factor
Final Leak Rate
(after each port)
Precision Balance
Styrene Analytical Results
GC/FID Instrument
Check Standard
Calibration Blank Run
Styrene Retention Time
Quality Control Sample
Duplicate Analyses
Linearity Multipoint
Calibration
Control Limit
100 ± 10%
Calibrated every six Months
against EPA standard
Agree within 2 % of average
factor
1.00 ± 1%
Post-test average calibration
factor agree ± 5 % of pre-test
factor
£ 0.02acfmor 4% of
sampling rate whichever
is less
0.0001 g of NBS Class S
Weights
±20%
< 5 x MDL
±2% of standard
Audit sample not available
±5%
RsO.99
Corrective Action
Qualify Data
Repeat Calibration
Adjust the dry gas
meter and recalibrate
Adjust sample volumes
using the factor that
gives smallest volume
Adjust sample volume
Repair balance and
recalibrate
Recalibrate and
reanalyze
Check Instrument
condition
Reanalyze until within
specification
Reanalyze
Repeat multipoint
5-2
-------
During sampling, the heated Teflon sampling line and Tedlar® bag were
maintained at a temperature above that of the source being sampled. Each source
sampled for styrene was exhaust of the work place air which was approximately 70
degrees F. The temperature of the sampling system was maintained at 90 +/- 10
degrees F. After the sampling line and Tedlar® bag reached the prescribed 90 degree
temperature, the sampling system was conditioned with stack gas twice by filling and
evacuating the bag. An integrated sample was then collected over a period of
approximately one hour. A minimum of three independent samples were collected at
each source.
Bias check studies of the sampling and analytical system were performed
during the field study and subsequently in the laboratory. A bias check was performed
by collecting a sample of styrene gas of known concentration in a Tedlar® bag using the
sampling system under the same conditions used for the source samples. This was
accomplished in the field by flowing the 10 ppm standard gas through the heated Teflon
sample line into the heated bag over a period of approximately one hour. This sample
was then analyzed in the same manner as for the source samples. The calculated value
was then compared to the true value and a % bias calculated. This was repeated twice
for a total of three bias determinations. The calculated values were +6.0%, -12% and -
11%.
The same bias study experiments were performed in the laboratory upon
return from the field testing. The 10 ppm standard (as used in the field) was repeated
along with a 50 ppm, and 250 ppm standard. Each bag was conditioned three times
before the hour long sample was collected. The results of these experiments are given in
Table 5.2.
No styrene audit material was available for this field test.
dkd.168 5-3
Styrene.Fnl
-------
Table 5-2
Results of Laboratory Bias Studies
Run#
1
2
3
% Bias'
10 ppm
+ 5.0
+ 8.0
+ 7.0
50 ppm
-2.2
+ 10.8
+ 5.5
250 ppm
-6.0
-21.0
-22.0
Sampling and analysis conditions were the same as those used during the field test at
Venetian Marble, Richmond, VA.
dkd.168
Styrene.Fnl
5-4
-------
5.2 Participate
All sampling train components used for the PM-10 sampling and velocity
determinations (dry gas meters and pitot tubes) were inspected and calibrated prior to
the field testing. Dry gas meter calibration factors were determined prior to the field
test and calculated to be 1.0029 and 1.0075 for the two meters. These were within the
acceptance criteria of 1.00 + /- 1% as given in the test plan.
The isokinetic sampling rates for the three runs at the bag house outlet and
bag house inlet were low, being slightly outside of the 100 + /- 10% acceptance criteria
given in Table 5.1. These limits provide a greater control than those given in the EPA
method which were 100 + /- 20%.
The isokinetic sampling rate for two of the three samples collected at the
spray booth exhaust were high relative to the acceptance criteria. All isokinetic sampling
rates are given in Table 5.3. Sampling at too low of a flow rate results in the collection
of too many large particles and the reverse effect when sampling at too high a flow rate.
The isokinetic sampling rate has a lesser effect on the collection of smaller particles. In
either case, the small variations in sampling rates for the collection of particulate would
have minimal effect on the results. Following the criteria given in the method, only one
sample would fall outside of the limits for isokinetic sampling.
All gravimetric results were found to be less than 2 mg and the majority of
the results were less than 1 mg before blank correction. In many cases the results could
be negated due to the accuracy limits ( + /- 0.2 mg) of the analytical balance. All results
have been reported, but are of limited value due to the fact that the particulate weights
determined are very near the lower limits of the analytical method.
The results of this sampling effort indicate that the sampling time for
particulate matter should be increased from one/two hours to six/seven hours for similar
emission sources.
dkd.168 5-5
Styrene.Fnl
-------
Table 5-3. Isokinetic Sampling Summary
Venetian Marble (December 1991)
Location
Baghouse Inlet
Baghouse Outlet
Spray Booth Exhaust
Mixing Room Vent
Mixing Room Exhaust
Date
12/16/91
12/16/91
12/16/91
12/16/91
12/16/91
12/16/91
12/17/91
12/17/91
12/17/91
12/18/91
12/18/91
12/18/91
12/18/91
Run
Number
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
Isokinetic
Sample Rate
(%)
87.70
87.40
87.50
86.70
86.70
86.70
106.20
154.90
115.60
99.00
100.10
92.40
118.80
5-6
-------
APPENDIX A
PM10 FIELD DATA SHEETS
dkd.168 A-l
Styrene.Fnl
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
B
-
PAGE1 OF «L
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Ps)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
\S,nAafefl(jr'
|Z-I|U>I
&
».
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
H -v-
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\
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COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Pe)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
\)MMW
(L lfe(^4V
nO<
DUCT DIMENSIONS
FILTER TYPE
FILTER NUMBER
ASSUMED MOISTURE (%)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
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(Vm), cu.n
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COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
N/vMrfMt
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COMMENTS.
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN R H-i '
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Pt)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
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NOZZLE I.D. (in)
METER BOX NUMBER
METER A H@
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K FACTOR
PROBE HEATER SETTING
HEATER BOX SETTING
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HEIGHT OF LOCATION (ft)
M'
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MOISTURE METHOD
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COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
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Number
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ni
-?i
-71
-70
Orifice
Pressure
Differential
(A H.ln. H2O)
•^
X
Filter
Temperature
(•F)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Gas Meter
Inlet
(Tmin)
/DG
/Ol
rO^
icS
168
,0°.
Outlet
(Tmout)
S^
^^
^o
W
S^
^
Impinger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
\
]
|
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN.
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Pi)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
V1. lllte^
ivinl
c>
C-.oio£m"
PROBE LENGTH AND TYPE
NOZZLE I.D. (in)
METER BOX NUMBER
METER * H@
Yd
K FACTOR
PROBE HEATER SETTING
HEATER BOX SETTING
XADTRAP
HEIGHT OF LOCATION (ft)
^
.1^)
It-
I.JT4
| , DO 7-°\
DUCT DIMENSIONS
FILTER TYPE
FILTER NUMBER
ASSUMED MOISTURE (%)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
C02
FINAL LEAKCHECK
o. 00*4
-------
MODIFIED METHOD a
FIELD DATA
PAGE 1 OF .
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Qac Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.H
Velocity
Head
(A P.),
in. H2O
Rue
Qai
Temperature
Orifice
Pressure
Differential
( * H. In. H2O)
Filter
Temperature
Atraorbont
Trip
-Intet-
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qa« Meter
Inlet
(Tmln)
Outlet
(Tmout)
Impinger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
C
1 -S"?
2-
3°
'l.'b
,010
so
10
• HO
r
ito.
11
A-'
3.S
33
1 bO.
2-1
C
_iL
_li^
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
PAGE 1 OF
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (P«)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
\J K
Jtlnhi
S?/?/H CVi.
P/y-/b
0
^
.j-^
2>o.oo
O
.hbl
PROBE LENGTH AND TYPE
NOZZLE I.D. (In)
METER BOX NUMBER
METER A He
Yd
K FACTOR
PROBE HEATER SETTING
HEATER BOX SETTING
XADTRAP
HEIGHT OF LOCATION (fl)
. JL-TJ
lt>
/,5V
/,ob^
/ C '
DUCT DIMENSIONS
FILTER TYPE
FILTER NUMBER
ASSUMED MOISTURE (%)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
CO2
FINAL LEAKCHECK
1X1 '
/,?
READ AND RECORD ALL DATA EVERY.
MINUTES
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Qai Meter
Reading
(Vm), cu.ft
Velocity
Head
Rue
Ga*
Temperature
Orifice
PreMure
Differential
Filter
Temperature
Abeorbent
Trap
Temperature (*F)
Dry Ga» Meter
Inlet
Outlet
Impinger
Pump
Vacuum
A I
v/
3,^7
03
v/
3 f
3
~7 7
31
1,1%
1.1?
a
"7
//. 7
7 7
^i_
1^_Z_
3,15
437.
-za.
.c^L
77
y /
3
V J
V
S-7
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
u -w
/a/?/? /
Pm-ib
a
-/«>
101
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Qa« Meier
Reading
(Vm). cu.n
Velocity
Head
(» P»).
in. H2O
Flue
Qai
Temperature
CF)
Orifice
Preisure
Differential
(* H. In. H2O)
Filter
Temperature
CF)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qat Meter
Inlet
(Tmln)
Outlet
(Tmout)
Implnger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
D /
A.
&L
,Q S
33.0
'*JJ_
V, 7
fr?7fr,77
J D 4
3-
-t-cH-
.52.
^23
V
.1
a
1Q_
6- /
a
X7,
..TJX.
^t
/ D S ^ i
V7
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN -^
PAGE 1 OF
J
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (P«)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
\) m
A In fat
5//2M /Icwn
P/y>-/&
3
4*<\'
i)
5e>,oo
,ooz>
PROBE LENGTH AND TYPE
NOZZLE I.D. (in)
METER BOX NUMBER
METER A H@
Yd
K FACTOR
PROBE HEATER SETTING
HEATER BOX SETTING
XADTRAP
HEIGHT OF LOCATION (ft)
,^Sft
;,&/
/ ooi^
XV
DUCT DIMENSIONS
FILTER TYPE
FILTER NUMBER
ASSUMED MOISTURE (%)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
CO2
FINAL LEAKCHECK
?*3'
/^
U)£> r ,57 6
READ AND RECORD ALL DATA EVERY.
MINUTES
Traveree
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(mln)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Ga» Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.ft
Velocity
Head
Rue
GM
Temperature
Orifice
PreMure
Difterentlal
Filter
Temperature
Ab»orbent
Trap
Temperature (*F)
Dry G<* Meter
Inlet
Outlet
Impinger
Pump
Vacuum
3
?°,£
. 35-
5
/7/ftX
JL
yayj*
-52
.5
_j> *r(—g^.
C J
3L
5? /
^L
1306.^7
.027
13
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
HI IN "S
I
PAGE 1 OF ^3
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
\J M
i~> fr? h
/
p/y)~/o
•B
^^^
t /
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Gas Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.n
Velocity
Head
(* P«).
In. H2O
Rue
Qai
Temperature
(*F)
Orifice
PreMure
Differential
( A H. In. H2O)
Filter
Temperature
CF)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qat Meter
Inlet
(Tmin)
Outlet
(Tmout)
Implnger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
3.QC.
c&r?
_&U
"7LQ
3V
3
S3
7S.3
5
.5-2
7F./S
. 52,
3
5*3"
5
. -5
j=_
^L
^2.
56
,53
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
PAGE 1 OF
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Pe)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
V/^l
v) i1
«-/i*Y)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
CO2
FINAL LEAKCHECK
J W'
L
70
3
V l/^y
7/
/c)/
$3
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
PAGE 1 OF .
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
Traverse
Point
Number
/^ /
3
3
6,^
fc?
,6^
Filler
Temperature
CF)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qa« Meter
Inlet
(Tmln)
9fc
/o /
/O X
/r> v
yo/
/d?^
7^3-
/od
Outlet
(Tmout)
§•/
^•"^
gf*
X(*
8~?
<$~7
5?5?
ys
Implnger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
/
/
/
/
/
/
I
/
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Pe)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
VM
fjjl?fal
tf\\l(.£oi>rr\
ew/o
a
/^
-& -
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN.
PAGE 1 OF .
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
L//H
&h*fc(
Prt /O
^
^^K
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
/3^7
Gat Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.fl
Velocity
Head
(A P»).
in. H2O
Rue
Qai
Temperature
CF)
Orifice
Pressure
Differential
(» H.in. H20)
Filter
Temperature
CF)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qa* Meter
Inlet
(Tmin)
Outlet
(Tmout)
Implnger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
_7^.
3, Si,
,45"
3
/3V/.
fa I
J
J
3
sv
-7-5"
r/
A f
,03°)
7.5-
/A*.?
/3d, 7
,&!
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN.
PAGE 1 OF.
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Ps)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
(J fl/|
/A 1/rJc, /
/>7)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
C02
FINAL LEAKCHECK
7 * U '
/•S~
b}&-S-C,
READ AND RECORD ALL DATA EVERY.
.MINUTES
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Gat Meter
Reading
(Vm), cu.ft
Velocity
Head
Flue
Ga«
Temperature
Orifice
PreMure
Diftorentlal
Filter
Temperature
Abtorbent
Trap
Temperature (*F)
Dry Ga* Meter
Inlet
Outlet
Impinger
Pump
Vacuum
A /
33,7
OL
3
/ /
57,
& /
7V
237
5V
3
r /
3J--J
S'/
V
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/9O
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN /Y)
PAGE 1 OF _
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
(7//V)
/3_//xlq 1
'/T)£> '
fi/ft/Q
^5 ^
^tx^
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
753 /
Gas Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.ft
Velocity
Head
(* P«).
in. H2O
Rue
Ga»
Temperature
CF)
Orifice
PrecMire
Differential
(» H, in. H2O)
Filter
Temperature
CF)
Absorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qa* Meter
Inlet
(Tmin)
Outlet
(Tmout)
Impinger
Exit
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
b /
-2.
,^ 3
03
~7
V
a
3-3-0,
5-3,5
,on
/
-77
ML
&L
y022^
COMMENTS:
Revision: 11/90
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN.
PAGE 1 OF
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
STATIC PRESSURE (Ps)
INITIAL LEAKCHECK
\jn
/0/9 /*?/
%rf '/• ''
<•&>»» ty.
/to/c
1
^
f i-J
•z-V)^-
o
tOCb
PROBE LENGTH AND TYPE
NOZZLE I.D. (in)
METER BOX NUMBER
METER » H@
Yd
K FACTOR
PROBE HEATER SETTING
HEATER BOX SETTING
XADTHAP
HEIGHT OF LOCATION (ft)
-*yf
/£
JiS*
/,eO2 3
,*>
DUCT DIMENSIONS
FILTER TYPE
FILTER NUMBER
ASSUMED MOISTURE (%)
MOISTURE METHOD
MOISTURE DATA
O2/CO2 METHOD
O2
CO2
FINAL LEAKCHECK
V ' ** '
/,5
i»£ •=• 55"
READ AND RECORD ALL DATA EVERY.
.MINUTES
Traverse
Point
Number
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Gai Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.ft
5,9(3
Velocity
Head
Flue
Qa«
Temperature
Orifice
PreMure
Differential
Filter
Temperature
Abtorbent
Trap
Temperature (*F)
Dry Gat Meter
Inlet
Outlet
Impinger
Pump
Vacuum
2
(f~i. I
;
-------
MODIFIED METHOD 5
FIELD DATA
RUN
I
PACJF 1 OF
PLANT
DATE
SAMPLING LOCATION
SAMPLE TYPE
RUN NUMBER
OPERATOR
Traverse
Point
Number
b >
2
?
V
5
/" /
:>
3
V
,5
f /
»2.
3
V
5
Sampling
Time
(min)
Clock
Time
(24-hr)
Gat Meter
Reading
(Vm). cu.ll
Velocity
Head
(A P«).
In. H2O
(b
- CO L
- . CV)1
- , cv>i
- ,&Q\
-,co'j
o
r~/OOZ
- ,OO'^
~ yflr.^-
- 1 Oo^
-.00-)
- .00 t
--.OO^f
-sooy
Flue
Gat
Temperature
<*F)
7^
-?o
tefl
^9
70
•70
7o
7/
7/
11
7>
"70
7o
7/
-II
Orifice
PreMure
Deferential
( 4 H. In. H2O)
Filter
Temperature
CF)
Abtorbent
Trap
Inlet
Temperature (*F)
Dry Qa* Meter
Inlet
(Tmln)
Outlet
(Tmou!)
Implnger
E;!t
Pump
Vacuum
(in. Hg)
*
COMMENTS:
Revision. 11/90
-------
APPENDIX B
LABORATORY GRAVIMETRIC DATA
dkd.168 B-l
Styrene.Fnl
-------
Client
Plant
Run #
Date
Sample type
Technician
Sheet /
of
Run #
Sample
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Corr.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
(g)
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
I//"
?
a
%. /-- 75"
oi
O'l
v
ov
#7 a
1122300
-
Hi. •2215'
oi
13
09
/I
W31&CW-
^.0005"
oc
CN
co
oo
Method 5 Analysis Data Sheet
-------
Client
Plant .
Run #
Date
Sample type
AV"-/t?
Technician
Sheet i
of
Run #
63
Sample
ID#
v
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Corr.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
(g)
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
0
ils. WO*
o
v/
c
N
Method 5 Analysis Data Sheet
-------
Client
Plant .
Run #
Date
Sample type
Technician
Sheet L
of
Run #
nl
u
oP
J
fTJt'l-'Z
Sample
&
11
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Coir.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
(g)
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
. 3
,7
i/lf "^
o!
I/'/"
Gi
H
.1*
£ I3Z
K
CM
Method 5 Analysis Data Sheet
-------
Client
Plant
Run #
Date
Sample type
Technician
Sheet i
of
Run of
Sample
ID*
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Corr.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
rvT
3^
Ljoijf*^-
0. DC1
'tA<* '^
d
31
6
ci
/W(-/2
2^^r
. 0
^
Sio
6,6605"
5
r»
CO
Method 5 Analysis Data Sheet
-------
Client
Plant
Run #
Date
Sample type
Technician
Sheet L
of
Run #
Sample
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Corr.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
(g)
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
i
V /Yl
1.0
o. 21
o Ji
6,
uOoOj
o.
.2143
V'
5
fC
-------
Client
Plant .
Run #
Date
Sample type
Technician
Sheet £
of
Run
Sample
Sample
Vol.
(ml)
Blank
Corr.
(ml)
Tare
Weight
(g)
Rnal
Weight
(g)
Sample
Weight
(g)
Comments
o,
0.000(0
Gl
0^56?
V w
/,0tt>y
0, Ooo 3
£ t
.55
E
CN
^
to
Method 5 Analysis Data Sheet
-------
APPENDIX C
CALCULATIONS OF SAMPLING PARAMETERS
dkd.168 C-l
Styrene.Fnl
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/16/91
LOCATION: BHI
RUN NUMBER:!
SAMPLING PARAMETER PM/PM10
Total Sampling Time (min.) 61.69
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.95
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.73
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20) -3.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 66.10
Stack Area (sq.in.) 450.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 27.20
Average Meter Pressure (in.H2O) 0.65
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 82.58
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 52.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor
Pitot Constant
Nozzle I.D. (in. )
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm)
Standard Metered Volume, Vm(std) (dscf)
Standard Metered Volume, Vm(std) (dscm)
Stack Moisture (%V)
Dry Molecular Weight
Wet Molecular Weight
Stack Gas Velocity, Vs (fpm)
Stack Gas Velocity, Vs (mpm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm)
Percent Isokinetic
Particulate Catch (g)
>10 microns
=10 microns
1.00750
0.84
0.17
0.43
26.74
0.757
1.31
28.84
28.70
55.71
16.98
174.09
4.930
171.36
4.853
87.71
0.0007
0.0004
0.0003
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 3.90E-04
>10 microns 2.16E-04
=10 microns 1.73E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 5.72E-04
>10 microns 3.18E-04
=10 microns 2.54E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/16/91
LOCATION: BHI
RUN NUMBER:2
SAMPLING PARAMETER PM/PM10
Total Sampling Time (min.) 60.88
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.95
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.73
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20) -3.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 68.62
Stack Area (sq.in.) 450.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 27.60
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.69
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 88.52
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 52.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00750
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.17
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.44
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 26.65
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 0.755
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.31
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.70
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 55.39
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 16.88
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 173.10
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 4.902
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 169.57
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 4.802
Percent Isokinetic 87.38
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0019
>10 microns 0.0016
=10 microns 0.0003
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 1.11E-03
>10 microns 9.41E-04
=10 microns 1.74E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 1.62E-03
>10 microns 1.37E-03
=10 microns 2.52E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/16/91
LOCATION: BHI
RUN NUMBER:3
SAMPLING PARAMETER PM/PM10
Total Sampling Time (min.) 60.89
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.95
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.73
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20) -3.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 69.50
Stack Area (sq.in.) 450.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) ..7.80
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.69
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 92.65
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 52.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00750
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.17
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.44
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 26.64
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 0.754
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.31
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.70
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 55.41
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 16.89
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 173.15
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 4.904
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 169.34
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 4.796
Percent Isokinetic 87.46
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0021
>10 microns 0.0019
=10 microns 0.0002
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 1.19E-03
>10 microns 1.07E-03
=10 microns 1.16E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 1.72E-03
>10 microns 1.56E-03
=10 microns 1.68E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/16/91
LOCATION: BHO
RUN NUMBER:3
SAMPLING PARAMETER PM/PM10
Total Sampling Time (min.) 60.89
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.95
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.73
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20) -3.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 69.50
Stack Area (sq.in.) 450.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 27.80
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.69
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 92.65
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 52.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00750
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.17
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.44
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 26.64
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 0.754
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.31
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.70
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 55.89
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 17.04
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 174.65
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 4.946
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 170.81
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 4.837
Percent Isokinetic 86.71
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0009
>10 microns 0.0005
=10 microns 0.0004
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 5.21E-04
>10 microns 2.90E-04
=10 microns 2.32E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 7.63E-04
>10 microns 4.24E-04
=10 microns 3.39E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/17/91
LOCATION: SB
RUN NUMBER:!
SAMPLING PARAMETER
201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.)
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg)
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20)
Average Stack Temperature (°F)
Stack Area (sq.in.)
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.)
Average Meter Pressure (in.H2O)
Average Meter Temperature (°F)
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F)
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V)
Oxygen Concentration (%V)
Nitrogen Concentration (%V)
Dry Gas Meter Factor
Pitot Constant
Nozzle I.D. (in.)
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Stack Moisture (%V)
Dry Molecular Weight
Wet Molecular Weight
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm)
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm)
Percent Isokinetic
(dscf)
(dscm)
56.41
30.00
30.00
0.00
76.77
1296.00
20.34
0.52
28.90
57.00
0.00
21.00
79.00
1.00290
0.84
0.25
0.39
22.06
0.625
1.56
28.84
28.67
18.56
5.66
167.06
4.731
162.20
4.593
106.15
Particulate Catch (g)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Emission Rate (#/hr)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Condensable Catch (g)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
0.0015
0.0005
0.0010
1.07E-03
3.67E-04
7.00E-04
1.48E-03
5.11E-04
9-73E-04
0.0003
0.0000
0.0003
5.79E-04
O.OOE+00
1.93E-04
2.68E-04
O.OOE+00
2.68E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/17/91
LOCATION: SB
RUN NUMBER:2
SAMPLING PARAMETER 201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.) 97.10
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 30.00
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 30.00
Stack Static Pressure (in. H2O) 0.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 80.26
Stack Area (sq.in.) 1296.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 42.26
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.52
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 43.75
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 57.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00290
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.25
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.46
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 44.47
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 1.259
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.56
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.67
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 14.88
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 4.53
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 133.89
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 3.792
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 129.16
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 3.658
Percent Isokinetic 154.88
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0004
>10 microns 0.0002
=10 microns 0.0002
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 1.39E-04
>10 microns 6.94E-05
=10 microns 6.94E-05
Emission Rate (#/hr) 1.54E-04
>10 microns 7.68E-05
=10 microns 7.68E-05
Condensable Catch (g) 0.0006
Aqueous Fraction 0.0001
Extractable Fraction 0.0005
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf) 1.93E-04
Aqueous Fraction 3.82E-05
Extractable Fraction 1.82E-04
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr) 2.44E-04
Aqueous Fraction 4.23E-05
Extractable Fraction 2.02E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/17/91
LOCATION: SB
RUN NUMBER:3
SAMPLING PARAMETER 201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.) 131.51
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 30.00
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 30.00
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20) 0.00
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 82.17
Stack Area (sq.in.) 1296.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 57.84
Average Meter Pressure (in.H2O) 0.52
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 51.67
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 57.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00290
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.25
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.46
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 59.92
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 1.697
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.56
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.67
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 20.06
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 6.11
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 180.52
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 5.112
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 173.52
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 4.914
Percent Isokinetic 115.62
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0011
>10 microns 0.0005
=10 microns 0.0006
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 2.83E-04
>10 microns 1.29E-04
=10 microns 1.54E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 4.21E-04
>10 microns 1.91E-04
=10 microns 2.30E-04
Condensable Catch (g) 0.0011
Aqueous Fraction 0.0004
Extractable Fraction 0.0007
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf) 2.20E-04
Aqueous Fraction 9.27E-05
Extractable Fraction 1.84E-04
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr) 4.12E-04
Aqueous Fraction 1.38E-04
Extractable Fraction 2.74E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/18/91
LOCATION: MRV
RUN NUMBER:!
SAMPLING PARAMETER
201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.)
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg)
Stack Static Pressure (in. H2O)
Average Stack Temperature (°F)
Stack Area (sq.in.)
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.)
Average Meter Pressure (in.H2O)
Average Meter Temperature (°F)
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F)
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V)
Oxygen Concentration (%V)
Nitrogen Concentration (%V)
Dry Gas Meter Factor
Pitot Constant
Nozzle I.D. (in.)
115.82
29.88
29.88
-0.01
69.50
1152.00
52.55
0.68
84.87
56.00
0.00
21.00
79.00
1.00290
0.84
0.40
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Stack Moisture (%V)
Dry Molecular Weight
Wet Molecular Weight
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm)
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm)
Percent Isokinetic
(dscf)
(dscm)
0.44
50.94
1.443
1.51
28.84
28.68
8.83
2.69
70.63
2.000
69.28
1.962
99.02
Particulate Catch (g)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Emission Rate (#/hr)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Condensable Catch (g)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
0.0020
0.0012
0.0008
6.13E-04
3.71E-04
2.42E-04
3.64E-04
2.20E-04
1.44E-04
0.0007
0.0002
0.0005
2.12E-04
5.45E-05
58E-04
26E-04
3.24E-05
9.37E-05
1,
1,
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/18/91
LOCATION: MRV
RUN NUMBER:2
SAMPLING PARAMETER 201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.) 110.42
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.88
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.88
Stack Static Pressure (in. H2O) -0.01
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 73.33
Stack Area (sq.in.) 1152.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 50.55
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.68
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 87.38
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 56.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00290
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.40
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.44
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 48.77
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 1.381
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.51
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.68
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 8.53
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 2.60
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 68.24
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 1.933
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 66.45
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 1.882
Percent Isokinetic 100.12
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0008
>10 microns 0.0006
=10 microns 0.0002
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 2.61E-04
>10 microns 1.98E-04
=10 microns 6.33E-05
Emission Rate (#/hr) 1.49E-04
>10 microns 1.13E-04
=10 microns 3.60E-05
Condensable Catch (g) 0.0010
Aqueous Fraction 0.0005
Extractable Fraction 0.0005
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf) 3.28E-04
Aqueous Fraction 1.71E-04
Extractable Fraction 1.57E-04
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr) 1.87E-04
Aqueous Fraction 9.73E-05
Extractable Fraction 8.94E-05
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/18/91
LOCATION: MRV
RUN NUMBER:3
SAMPLING PARAMETER 201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.) 56.41
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg) 29.88
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg) 29.88
Stack Static Pressure (in. H2O) -0.01
Average Stack Temperature (°F) 73.55
Stack Area (sq.in.) 1152.00
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.) 25.63
Average Meter Pressure (in.H20) 0.68
Average Meter Temperature (°F) 87.14
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F) 56.00
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V) 0.00
Oxygen Concentration (%V) 21.00
Nitrogen Concentration (%V) 79.00
Dry Gas Meter Factor 1.00290
Pitot Constant 0.84
Nozzle I.D. (in.) 0.40
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm) 0.44
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscf) 24.74
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std) (dscm) 0.701
Stack Moisture (%V) 1.51
Dry Molecular Weight 28.84
Wet Molecular Weight 28.68
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm) 9.51
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm) 2.90
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm) 76.07
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm) 2.154
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm) 74.04
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm) 2.097
Percent Isokinetic 92.38
Particulate Catch (g) 0.0021
>10 microns 0.0013
=10 microns 0.0008
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf) 1.31E-03
>10 microns 8.11E-04
=10 microns 4.99E-04
Emission Rate (#/hr) 8.31E-04
>10 microns 5.15E-04
=10 microns 3.17E-04
Condensable Catch (g) 0.0009
Aqueous Fraction 0.0002
Extractable Fraction 0.0007
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf) 5.79E-04
Aqueous Fraction 1.33E-04
Extractable Fraction 4.46E-04
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr) 3.68E-04
Aqueous Fraction 8.47E-05
Extractable Fraction 2.83E-04
-------
FACILITY : V.MARBLE
DATE: 12/18/91
LOCATION: RE
RUN NUMBER: 1.00
SAMPLING PARAMETER
201/202
Total Sampling Time (min.)
Corrected Barometric Pressure (in. Hg)
Absolute Stack Pressure,Ps(in. Hg)
Stack Static Pressure (in. H20)
Average Stack Temperature (°F)
Stack Area (sq.in.)
Metered Volume,Vm (cu.ft.)
Average Meter Pressure (in.H2O)
Average Meter Temperature (°F)
Wet Bulb Temperature ( F)
Carbon Dioxide Concentration (%V)
Oxygen Concentration (%V)
Nitrogen Concentration (%V)
Dry Gas Meter Factor
Pitot Constant
Nozzle I.D. (in.)
Average Sampling Rate (dscfm)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Standard Metered Volume,Vm(std)
Stack Moisture (%V)
Dry Molecular Weight
Wet Molecular Weight
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (fpm)
Stack Gas Velocity,Vs (mpm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (acmm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscfm)
Volumetric Flow Rate (dscmm)
Percent Isokinetic
(dscf)
(dscm)
86.34
29.72
29-72
0.00
65.70
2304.00
35.63
0.49
25.55
55.00
0.00
21.00
79.00
1.00290
0.84
0.40
0.45
38.53
1.091
1.56
28.84
28.67
7.46
2.27
119.31
3.379
117.17
3.318
118.82
Particulate Catch (g)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Particulate Concentration (gr/dscf)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Emission Rate (#/hr)
>10 microns
=10 microns
Condensable Catch (g)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Concentration (gr/dscf)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
Condensable Emission Rate (#/hr)
Aqueous Fraction
Extractable Fraction
0.0012
0.0006
0.0006
4.73E-04
2.32E-04
2.40E-04
4.75E-04
2.33E-04
2.41E-04
0.0009
0.0002
0.0006
3.48E-04
9.17E-05
2.56E-04
3.49E-04
9.21E-05
2.57E-04
-------
APPENDIX D
STYRENE FIELD DATA SHEETS
dkd.168 D-l
Styrene.Fnl
-------
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