NERC-LV-539-30
FINAL REPORT OF THE RADIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
FOR THE PROJECT GASBUGGY PRODUCTION TEST
May 15, 1973 to November 6, 1973
by the
Monitoring Applications Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Las Vegas, Nevada
Published August 1974
This work performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding No. AT(26-1)-539
for the
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the
United States Government. Neither the United States nor the United
States Atomic Energy Commission, nor any of their employees, nor
any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees,
make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal lia-
bility or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or use-
fulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed,
or represent that its use would not infringe privately-owned rights.
Available from the National Technical Information Service,
U. S. Department of Commerce,
Springfield, VA 22151
Price: Paper copy $5.45; microfiche $1.45
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NERC-LV-539-30
FINAL REPORT OF THE RADIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
FOR THE PROJECT GASBUGGY PRODUCTION TEST
May 15, 1973 to November 6, 1973
by the
Monitoring Applications Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Las Vegas, Nevada
Published August 1974
This work performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding No. AT(26-l)-539
for the
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
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ABSTRACT
A production test of the Project Gasbuggy nuclear-stimulated natural
gas well (GB-ER) was conducted from May 15, 1973, through November 6, 1973.
This test was sponsored by the El Paso Natural Gas Company, the Atomic Energy
Commission, and the U. S. Bureau of Mines. The test well, located about 88 km
(55 mi) east of Farmington, New Mexico, had been shut-in for about 42 months
since an earlier production test. Data furnished by the El Paso Natural Gas
Company indicate that a total of about 49 Ci of 3H and about 4.7 Ci of 85Kr was
released into the atmosphere during the flaring of about 3.03 million cubic
meters (107 MMCF) of natural gas.
For the purpose of determining the impact of the production test on the
environment, environmental monitoring was provided by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center-Las Vegas. Aerial
and ground surveillance teams collected environmental samples prior to, during,
and after the production test. During the environmental monitoring program,
samples of air were analyzed for 85Kr, and samples of atmospheric moisture,
vegetation, soil, precipitation, and surface water were analyzed for H. Based
upon wind patterns and aircraft trackings, samples were collected where the
maximum concentrations of these nuclides would be expected to be found. In
addition, aerial and ground sampling was done where maximum concentrations were
most likely to be found at times of the day during which maximum and minimum
atmospheric mixing conditions occurred. Also, contaminated water removed from
the gas was stored and injected into the flare at higher than normal rates dur-
ing most of the surveillance operations.
Out of 13 compressed air samples collected during the production test, one
had a 85Kr concentration (21 ± 1.0 pCi/m3) which was higher than normal and may
indicate a contribution from the production test. Tritium levels above esti-
mated background (1000 pCi/1 H20) were found in some samples of each type of
environmental media collected with the exception of surface water. From the
highest concentration of 3H measured in atmospheric moisture samples, it is
concluded that any direct exposure to hypothetical off-site receptors was below
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0.4% of the Concentration Guide for a suitable population sample in an un-
controlled area as listed in the Atomic Energy Commission's Manual, Chapter
0524, "Standards for Radiation Protection."
The analytical results of post-flaring sample collection showed concen-
trations of 3H above estimated background on 10 out of 25 post-flaring vegeta-
tion samples that were collected from all four compass quadrants surrounding
the flare stack. One of 25 soil samples collected showed a concentration of
3H slightly above the estimated background. There are no guides for vegetation
or soil; however, all vegetation samples collected were native uncultivated
shrubs which would not constitute additional exposure to the off-site popula-
tion.
ii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT i
LIST OF FIGURES iv
LIST OF TABLES v
INTRODUCTION 1
GENERAL OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES 3
Aerial Surveillance 3
Ground Monitoring 4
Analytical Procedures 5
PRE-FLARING SAMPLE COLLECTION RESULTS 1973 7
Sampling Procedures 7
Results 7
FLARING SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES AND RESULTS MAY 1973 9
May 19. 1973 9
May 20. 1973 10
May 21. 1973 11
Results of Aerial Operations 12
Ground Monitoring Results 13
FLARING SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES AND RESULTS JULY 1973 14
July 25, 1973 14
July 26. 1973 15
Results of Aerial Operations 16
Ground Monitoring Results 16
POST-FLARING SAMPLE COLLECTION AND RESULTS NOVEMBER 1973 17
Sampling Procedures 17
Results of Post-Flaring Sample Collection 17
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 18
REFERENCES 20
iii
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LIST OF FIGURES
No. Page
1. Gasbuggy Sampling Locations 22
2. Close-in Gasbuggy Sampling Locations 23
3. Variation of Natural Gas Flow Rate During Flaring Period 24
iv
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LIST OF TABLES
No. Page
1. Quantities of Natural Gas Flared and Radioactivity Released 25
During Project Gasbuggy Production Test May 15 - November 6,
1973
2. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Water and Precipitation 28
Samples Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production
Test
3. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Atmospheric Moisture Samples 29
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
4. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Compressed Air Samples 30
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
5. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Vegetation Samples Collected 31
May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
6. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Soil Samples Collected May 33
1973
7. Analytical Results of Aircraft Atmospheric Moisture Samples 35
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
8. Analytical Results of Aircraft Compressed Air Samples Collected 36
May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
9. Analytical Results of Water Samples Collected May 1973, for 37
Project Gasbuggy Production Test
10. Analytical Results of Atmospheric Moisture Samples Collected 38
May 1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
11. Analytical Results of Vegetation Samples Collected May 1973, 40
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
12. Analytical Results of Soil Samples Collected May 1973, for 41
Project Gasbuggy Production Test
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No. Page
13. Analytical Results of Aircraft Atmospheric Moisture Samples 42
Collected July 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
14. Analytical Results of Aircraft Compressed Air Samples Collected 43
July 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
15. Analytical Results of Atmospheric Moisture Samples Collected 44
July 1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
16. Analytical Results of Water Samples Collected July 1973, for 45
Project Gasbuggy Production Test
17. Analytical Results of Vegetation Samples Collected July 1973, 46
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
18. Analytical Results of Soil Samples Collected July 1973, for 47
Project Gasbuggy Production Test
19. Analytical Results of Compressed Air Samples Collected July 48
1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
20. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Water Samples Collected 49
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
21. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Vegetation Samples Collected 50
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
22. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Soil Samples Collected 52
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
vi
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INTRODUCTION
Under a Memorandum of Understanding between the Atomic Energy Commission
(AEC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the EPA's National
Environmental Research Center-Las Vegas (NERC-LV) carried out a program of
off-site radiological surveillance for a Project Gasbuggy production test
during 1973. Project Gasbuggy was a joint Government-Industry project for
the purpose of testing the feasibility of increasing the yield of natural
gas wells by detonating a nuclear device below the gas-bearing formation,
thus increasing the permeability of the host rock. The detonation took
place on December 10, 1967, about 88 km (55 mi) east of Farmington, New
Mexico. This report describes the procedures and results of the NERC-LV
surveillance program.
This surveillance consisted of the collection of environmental samples
on the ground during pre-flaring, flaring, and post-flaring periods. During
flaring operations, periodic in-cloud aerial sampling and tracking were done
with an EPA aircraft. The surveillance was a continuation of Project Gasbuggy
surveillance programs starting with pre-detonation, detonation, re-entry and
initial flaring operations. The results of previous Gasbuggy surveillance
programs have been reported earlier.1"^
The purpose of this test was to obtain data which would provide a more
thorough understanding of the reservoir characteristics of the chimney and
fracture zones created by the initial detonation after the well had been
closed-in for about 42 months since a previous production test. Details of
the purpose and nature of this flaring operation have been described by the
U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.6 Briefly, the test consisted of an initial
rapid draw-down phase, a steady-pressure phase with low flare rates, and a
final rapid pressure draw-down phase accompanied by high rates of gas flar-
ing. The initial draw-down phase began on May 15, 1973, and the well was
shut-in on November 6, 1973.
Table 1 lists the cumulative gas flared, the average gas flaring rate,
and the estimated quantities of radionuclides released for consecutive 7-day
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periods. In addition, Table 1 shows when EPA aircraft and mobile monitors
were conducting their surveillance activities. As shown in Table 1, water
that had been extracted from the natural gas and stored in tanks was intro-
duced into the flare as steam principally at the beginning and end of the
flaring period. Water was removed from the gas so that more accurate flow-
rate measurements could be made. The later water injection, in the form of
steam injected into the flare, was done for the production test to simplify
disposal of the 3H contaminated water. The information provided in Table 1
was furnished by the El Paso Natural Gas Company.7
Surveillance for the Gasbuggy production test was first begun with pre-
flaring sample collection on May 3-8, 1973, for the purpose of establishing
a base-line for comparing results obtained during flaring and post-flaring
surveillance. Following the pre-flaring sampling, flaring surveillance opera-
tions were undertaken during May 19-21, 1973, when maximum flow and steam
injection occurred, and during July 25-26, 1973, a period when steady flow at
a reduced rate had been established. A final post-flaring surveillance opera-
tion was conducted during November 6-8, 1973.
Each operation is treated as complete in itself and includes the specific
description of operational procedures and results. A discussion of the total
environmental impact is presented in the Summary and Conclusion section.
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GENERAL OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
From previous surveillance programs for Project Gasbuggy, the radionu-
clides of primary concern had been identified as 3H and 85Kr.2 In air these
nuclides may both be of public health significance, whereas in other environ-
mental media, such as water, vegetation, and soil, only the 3H may be a
potential hazard due to its relatively rapid assimilation into the environment
in the form of moisture. Krypton-85 is chemically inert and does not readily
combine with most environmental media. For these reasons all surveillance
attempts were directed toward the detection of both 3H and 85Kr in air and to
the detection of 3H in other environmental media such as water, vegetation,
and soil in areas surrounding the test well.
Aerial Surveillance
Aerial surveillance was provided by an EPA turbo-Beech aircraft equipped
with an Environment/One Condensation Nuclei Monitor (CNM) and air sampling
equipment. The CNM was used to detect and track the effluent plume discharged
from the 15-meter flaring stack because the plume was invisible, and radio-
activity levels were too low to be detected with conventional instruments.
The CNM measured the concentration of condensation nuclei, generated by flar-
ing operations, per unit volume of air. The CNM output was recorded on a strip-
chart recorder located in the aircraft crew chief's instrument panel. This chart
was annotated with names of appropriate landmarks on the ground so that the
record of plume location could be used to position mobile monitors.
Because of the anticipated low radioactivity levels, samples were collected
only from the plume, to the extent possible. Air samples were collected in a
one-cubic-meter plastic bag which was filled in approximately 10 seconds while
the aircraft passed through the plume at a speed of about 160 knots, true air
speed. A compressor then drew the air from the bag through a canister of 13X
molecular sieve for collection of water vapor and compressed the remainder of
the sample into a tank. The adsorbed water vapor was analyzed for 3H, and the
compressed air sample was analyzed for 85Kr and radioxenon.
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Ground elevation at the 15 m (50 ft) flare stack was 2190 m (7200 ft)
above mean sea level (MSL).* Terrain within 3.2 km (2 mi) of the flare stack
varied from 2130 m (7000 ft) to 2260 m (7400 ft). The general procedure was
to perform an initial spiral descent from approximately 900 m (3000 ft) above
the surface at a 1.6 km (1.0 mi) radius from the flare stack. A descent rate
of 150 m (500 ft) per minute was maintained. This spiral descent identified
the height of the plume and its direction of movement. Several passes were
then made across the plume near the surface in order to locate positions for
placement of mobile ground monitors. Because of the inherent delay in the CNM
response (on the order of 2 to 5 seconds), these passes were made on reciprocal
headings to obtain a fix on the plume centerline and edges. In most cases, a
mobile monitor was then positioned downwind of the plume, and an aerial grab
sample was collected over his location with a one-cubic-meter bag. When
possible, the procedure was repeated farther downwind out to a distance of
8.0 km (5.0 mi). During the May and July sampling periods, the aircraft at-
tempted to locate the effluent beyond 8.0 km (5.0 mi) of the flare stack. The
maximum distance at which plume material was detected was 11 km (7.0 mi).
Ground Monitoring
In addition to the normal complement of equipment for the collection of
water, vegetation, air, and other environmental samples, the NERC-LV mobile
monitors were equipped with sampling apparatus designed for sampling 3H in
atmospheric moisture and for sampling noble gases. Each monitor carried several
molecular sieve sampling heads for atmospheric moisture collection. The heads
consisted of a polyvinylchloride cylinder, 12.7 cm (5 in) long and 6.3 cm (2.5 in)
in diameter, containing 300 g of 13X molecular sieve. The intake end of the
sampling head held a 7.6-cm (3-in) diameter particulate filter (used primarily
to prevent the introduction of foreign substances), and the outlet was equipped
with a pipe-fitting attached to a dry-gas meter. Airflow was provided by a
portable vacuum pump powered by a 12-volt battery.
*A11 elevations in this report are above MSL unless otherwise stated.
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Special 24-volt DC air compressors were carried by several monitors for
the collection of compressed air samples. The air was pumped into a pressure
tank until a pressure of 2.8 MPa (400 psig) was obtained. This was approxi-
mately equal to one cubic meter of air at atmospheric pressure at the sampling
altitude.
For soil collection, a 30.5-cm (12-in) square steel frame, 2.5 cm (1 in)
deep, was pressed into the ground until it was level with the surface. Soil
within the frame was then removed with a trowel. All of the soil samples were
collected to a depth of 2.5 cm (1 in) except for profile samples taken at
Station 9 (Figure 1). These profile samples are identified in the tables.
Analytical Procedures
Sample analysis was done at the NERC-LV laboratory. Each atmospheric
moisture sample was transferred to a heating vessel where the water was elutri-
ated at 350° C with a dry He purge. Recovery of water from the absorber nor-
mally exceeded 95%. This water was then re-distilled to eliminate possible
interference by other contaminants. The 3H concentration in the re-distilled
water was determined by liquid scintillation spectrometry. This was accomplished
by taking 5 ml of the recovered water, 5 ml of a 3H standard (for counting effi-
iency), and 5 ml of 3H-free water (for instrument background). The solution
was then diluted with 20 ml of a dark-adapted scintillation cocktail. The
sample, standard, and background mixtures were counted for 200 minutes in a
liquid scintillation spectrometer optimized for 3H.8 The minimum detectable
concentration (MDC) for 3H was determined to be about 200 pCi/1 of H20 at the
95% confidence level, based upon the 200-minute count and 5 ml of atmospheric
water.
Snow and surface water samples were re-distilled and analyzed in the same
manner as the water from the molecular sieves. Moisture from vegetation and
soil samples was recovered by vacuum distillation. The recovered water was re-
distilled and analyzed in the same manner as the water from the molecular sieve
samples.
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Compressed air samples, about one cubic meter in volume, were analyzed
for 85Kr and radioxenon by gas chromatography and liquid scintillation tech-
niques as described by Stevenson and Johns.^ The MDC for these radionuclides
at the 95% confidence level is 5 pCi/m3 and 2 pCi/m3, respectively.
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PRE-FLARING SAMPLE COLLECTION AND RESULTS
MAY 5-8, 1973
Sampling Procedures
During the pre-flaring sampling program, 17 locations were selected within
a 32-km (20-mi) radius of the flare stack. Three ponds within an 11-km (7-mi)
radius of the flare stack were selected for surface water samples. Not all
types of samples were collected at all of the 17 pre-selected sampling locations.
During the pre-flaring sampling period, 2 compressed air, 10 atmospheric mois-
ture, 17 vegetation, 18 soil, 3 water, and 2 snow samples were collected. Fig-
ures 1 and 2 show the sampling locations. Other sampling locations numbered 18
and higher were added during the production test.
Results
Since one of the two compressed air samples was lost, only one result for
85Kr prior to flaring operations was available. This sample showed a 85Kr con-
centration of 17 ± 1.0 pCi/m3 of air. This is similar to values reported in the
literature. Andrews10 reported a mean concentration of 16 ± 4.0 pCi/m3 (± two
standard deviations) which was calculated from the results of weekly samples
collected from a continuously-operated air sampler at Las Vegas, Nevada, over
the twelve-month period April 1972 through March 1973. Also, from estimates of
projected releases of 85Kr from nuclear facilities throughout the world,
Bernhardt * predicted that the atmospheric concentration of 85Kr would be 13 pCi/m3
in 1970 and 25 pCi/m3 in 1975.
Tables 2 through 6 show the analytical results and the two-sigma counting
errors of all other samples collected prior to flaring operations. The ranges
and averages of the 3H concentrations in each sample type are as follows:
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Sample Type
Surface water
Snow
Soil
Vegetation
Atmospheric moisture
No. of
Samples
3
2
18
17
10
3H Concentration, pCi/1
Maximum Minimum
<240
410
500
1200
650
± 240
± 240
± 260
± 240
<240
380 ± 250
<240
<240
<200
H20
Average
<240
400
323
570
390
In the computation of the average concentrations, the values less than the
MDC were set equal to the MDC. The two-sigma counting error is given for
each maximum and minimum concentration above the MDC.
The pre-flaring samples were collected as a cursory check on background
concentrations of 3H with the understanding that seasonal and geographical
variations in background can not be precisely defined with the limited num-
ber of samples collected. During a surveillance program for Project Gasbuggy
in previous years, a 3H background concentration of about 1000 pCi/1 of water
was used.2 Although 3H concentrations have been known to occasionally vary
above this concentration, such as the 1200 pCi/1 concentration for a pre-
flaring vegetation sample, the 1000 pCi/1 value for background is used through-
out this report with the acknowledgment that the background concentration is
variable.
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FLARING SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
MAY 19-21, 1973
May 19, 1973
During the morning of May 19, 1973, the aircraft flew a mission to
determine characteristics of drainage winds and to collect air samples at
a time when no tritiated water was being injected into the flare. Mobile
monitors were not involved in the morning sampling effort.
Until 0930 hours the plume was moving 330° from the flare stack following
a ridge along the north side of Leandro Canyon (Figure 1). A grab sample
was collected at 0905 hours, 1.9 km (1.2 mi) northwest of the flare stack at
an altitude of 2440 m (8000 ft). In this area the terrain ranges in altitude
from 2190 m (7200 ft) to 2260 m (7400 ft). At 0917 hours, a spiral descent
was started. The top of the plume was identified at 2590 m (8500 ft) with the
maximum concentrations of nuclei at 2320 m (7600 ft). Condensation nuclei
concentration at 2440 m (8000 ft) during sampling was within a factor of two
of the concentration measured at 2320 m (7600 ft) during the spiral descent.
At 0939 hours, the plume was again detected at 1.6 km (1 mi) east of the
flare stack at an altitude of 2350 m (7700 ft). At 0946 hours, a spiral descent
was started 3.7 km (2.3 mi) east of the flare stack where the plume top was
found to be at 2680 m (8800 ft) with the maximum concentration of nuclei at
2320 m (7600 ft) over ground elevation of 2200 m (7200 ft). A grab sample was
collected in two halves at the plume centerline on two successive passes at
2320 m (7600 ft) at 1002 hours.
Unstable atmospheric conditions caused moderate turbulence and direc-
tional instability of the plume as well as vertical mixing. At 1002 hours, the
plume width at 3.7 km (2.3 mi) east of the flare stack was about 7 km (4.5 mi).
The morning mission was terminated at that time.
On the afternoon of May 19, at 1330 hours, the aircraft returned to the
area along with the mobile monitors for the purpose of conducting a coordinated
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aerial-ground sampling mission. Water injection into the flare had beguii at
1200 hours and was continued until 1600 hours. Malfunction of the CNM pre-
vented plume detection until 1405 hours when a spiral descent was started
2.1 km (1.3 mi) east of the flare stack. The plume top was found at 2900 m
(9500 ft). Mobile monitors were sent to Stations 18 and 19 (Figure 2) to
start atmospheric moisture sampling and to collect vegetation and soil samples.
Meanwhile, the maximum concentration of nuclei was found at 2590 m (8500 ft)
and an aerial grab sample was collected at that elevation at 1423 hours over
Station 19, 1.6 km (1 mi) at 110° from the flare stack. Further investigation
by the aircraft indicated the plume base to be above ground level. Highly
unstable atmospheric conditions soon made plume detection impossible and the
aerial and ground operations were terminated at approximately 1500 hours.
May 20, 1973
Water injection into the flare began at 0800 hours. Difficulties with
the CNM prevented making measurements until 0857 hours. Without aircraft
tracking information, and assuming that downslope drainage winds were sim-
ilar to those on May 19, mobile monitors were directed to begin atmospheric
moisture sampling at Stations 8, 11, and 20 (Figure 2). Doppler radar results
showed westerly winds over the mobile monitor locations varying from 5 knots
at the surface to 20-25 knots 910 m (3000 ft) above the surface.
The CNM began functioning properly and a spiral descent was begun on a
1.6-km (1-mi) radius around the flare stack at 0900 hours. The plume top was
found at 2740 m (9000 ft) with the maximum concentration of nuclei at 2590 m
(8500 ft). Mobile monitors were sent to Stations 18 and 19 to begin sampling,
and an aerial grab sample was collected over Station 19. This sample was
taken at 2590 m (8500 ft) at 0925 hours.
The aircraft established a north-south pattern about 8.0 km (5 mi) east
of the flare stack. The pattern showed the plume to be centered at 75° from
the flare stack. A mobile monitor started atmospheric moisture sampling at
this location (Station 21) at 1020 hours. A spiral descent by the aircraft
10
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over Station 21 showed the plume top at 3350 m (11,000 ft), with the maximum
concentration of nuclei at 3200 m (10,500 ft). Most of the plume material was
above 2740 m (9000 ft), but some material was detected down to 30 m (100 ft)
above ground level, which is 2160 m (7100 ft) at this location.
At this time, the plume seemed to be centered over Station 21 with the
north edge passing over Station 9 and the south edge passing over Station 19.
Mobile monitors were directed to take compressed air samples at Stations 19
and 20.
A second spiral descent was made by the aircraft in the vicinity of
Station 21 where the plume centerline was located at 2740 m (9000 ft). A grab
sample was taken at this point at 1040 hours. Because of fluctuating plume
height due to turbulence, this sample may not have been collected at the center-
line. Malfunction of the CNM prevented an afternoon mission.
Vegetation and soil samples were collected at Stations 8, 9, 11, 18, 19, 20,
and 21 (Figures 1 and 2).
May 21. 1973
Mobile monitors arrived in the area at 0645 hours and determined that the
direction of the downwind drainage winds was generally NNW of the flare stack.
Mobile monitors were sent to Stations 8, 11, and 20 where they began atmospheric
moisture sampling. The Station 8 monitor began sampling at 0725 hours, and
Stations 11 and 20 at 0715. Injection of water into the flare was supposed to
have started at 0700 hours; however, some problems were encountered which delayed
water injection until 0725 hours.
The aircraft began tracking at 0745 hours and the plume material was found
to be on a heading of 330° from the flare stack. A grab sample was collected
over Station 20 at an altitude of 2320 m (7600 ft) at 0800 hours. Indications
were that the plume was moving in a more northerly direction and by 0815 hours,
the plume was centered on a 30° trajectory. The mobile monitor at Station 11
then started another atmospheric moisture sample at 0800 hours. In addition,
an atmospheric moisture sample was started at Station 22 at 0825 hours.
11
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The aircraft began a spiral descent around the flare stack at 0830 hours
at an altitude of 2900 m (9500 ft), and descended to within 61 m (200 ft) of
the surface. The plume material was found to be rising nearly vertically due
to very light winds. Several spiral descents and ascents were accomplished
during the next hour; however, no plume material was found beyond 1.6 km (1 mi)
of the flare stack. At about 0840 hours, a slight indication of plume material
was found at 30 m (100 ft) above ground level at 0.4 km (0.25 mi) northwest of
the flare stack. A mobile monitor had already started atmospheric moisture
sampling at Station 18.
Aircraft tracking continued to indicate that the plume was rising nearly
vertically above the flaring stack and that unstable air was causing direc-
tional instability of the plume material. At about 0945 hours, wind speeds
increased causing the plume to move along the surface on an ESE direction.
A mobile monitor started atmospheric moisture sampling at Station 23, 3.5 km
(2.2 mi) at 126° from the flare stack at 1004 hours. Shortly thereafter, wind
speeds decreased and the plume again began rising vertically. The aircraft
took a final grab sample at 3050 m (10,000 ft) 3.2 km (2 mi) southeast of the
flare stack at 1025 hours. Water injection ceased at 1015 hours when the stored
water was exhausted so that this sample may not have been from that portion of
the plume containing injected water. The aerial mission was terminated at this
time.
Surface water samples were collected at Stations 27 through 31, and veg-
etation samples were collected at Stations 17, 22, and 23. In addition, soil
samples were collected at Stations 22 and 23. The ground monitoring mission
was terminated by 1200 hours.
Results of Aerial Operations
Tables 7 and 8 list the analytical results of all samples collected by
the aircraft during the May 19-21 surveillance mission. Of the seven aerial
atmospheric moisture samples that were collected, four contained concentrations
of 3H above 1000 pCi/1 of H20. The maximum concentration of 3H was 2800 pCi/1
of H20. This concentration expressed as 24 ± 2.9 pCi/m3 of air is 0.04% of the
Concentration Guide specified in the AEG Manual, Chapter 0524, for a suitable
12
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population sample in an uncontrolled area.12 The associated compressed air
samples did not show concentrations of 85Kr that could definitely be considered
to be above background except for the sample collected at an azimuth of 330°
and a distance of 1.9 km (1.2 mi) from the flare stack on May 19. This sample,
which had a 85Kr concentration of 21 ± 1.0 pCi/m3, was slightly higher than
all others collected during the period May 19-21 and higher than the 95% con-
fidence interval of the annual average of 85Kr concentrations measured in Las
Vegas.10 Since an atmospheric moisture sample collected at the same time
showed a 3H concentration above background, it is possible that a portion of
this 85Kr concentration was the result of flaring operations.
Ground Monitoring Results
Tables 9 through 12 list the results of all samples collected on the ground
with the exception of two compressed air samples collected at Stations 19 and
20. The compressed air sample from Station 19 was lost in analysis. The sample
from Station 20, collected between 0910 and 0940 hours on May 20, had a 85Kr
concentration of 15 ± pCi/m3.
Of the 16 molecular sieve samples collected, five showed concentrations
of 3H above 1000 pCi/1 H20. The maximum 3H concentration was 4100 ± 310 pCi/1
H20 (14 ± 1.1 pCi/m3 of air) at Station 18, 1.4 km (0.9 mi) 77°. This is less
than 0.02% of the Concentration Guide for continuous exposure for a suitable
population sample in an uncontrolled area.12
Only one vegetation sample showed a 3H concentration that was above the
estimated background of 1000 pCi/1 H20, and none of the soil samples exceeded
the estimated background. A vegetation sample collected at Station 18 had a
3H concentration of 1200 pCi/1 H20. Since this sample was collected at the
same location as the highest atmospheric moisture sample, it is possible that
the slightly elevated 3H concentration was the result of flaring operations.
Five surface water samples were collected at Stations 27 through 31
within 16 km (10 mi) of the flare stack. None of the five samples showed
elevated levels of 3H.
13
-------
FLARING SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
JULY 25-26, 1973
July 25. 1973
The aircraft began tracking at 0705 hours. From the usual spiral descent
and ascent, the plume was detected 1.8 km (1.1 mi) west of the flare stack at
0730 hours, between the ridge north of Leandro Canyon and Station 25. Mobile
monitors were sent to Stations 8 and 24, and started atmospheric moisture
sampling. A compressed air sample was also taken at Station 24. Water in-
jection started at 0700 hours and ended at 1050 hours when the stored water
was exhausted.
In the air the plume was detected at 2350 m (7700 ft) over terrain of
2320 m (7600 ft) 4.8 km (3 mi) at 260° from the flare stack. A grab sample
was collected in two halves on passes over Station 27 at 0746 and 0754 hours.
The first pass was at 2260 m (7400 ft) and the second was at 2230 m (7300 ft).
The ground elevation along this route is 2160 m (7100 ft). The heading of the
plume was determined to be about 260° from the flare stack and a ground monitor
was positioned at Station 25 where an atmospheric moisture sample was started
at 0811 hours.
At 0830 hours, the aircraft located the plume starting at the flare stack
and continuing down Leandro and La Jara Canyons to Highway 17; then west along
Vaqueros Canyon. Plume contact was maintained the entire length of this pass
at an elevation of about 60 m (200 ft) above the surface. Mobile monitors were
dispatched to Stations 11 and 13 to obtain atmospheric moisture samples. At
0839 hours, an aerial grab sample was collected at the junction of La Jara and
Vaqueros Canyons, at 2070 m (6800 ft) about 60 m (200 ft) above the surface
8.0 km (5 mi) at 300° from the flare stack. A third grab sample was collected
at 0931 hours 2010 m (6600 ft) in Vaqueros Canyon 8.0 km (5 mi) at 290° from
the flare stack. This sample was collected about 30 m (100 ft) above the canyon
floor of 2010 m (6500 ft). The aerial mission was concluded at this time.
Mobile monitors collected vegetation and soil samples at all stations where
atmospheric moisture samples were taken (Stations 8, 11, 13, 24, and 25). This
terminated the surveillance for July 25.
14
-------
July 26, 1973
A spiral descent by the aircraft starting at 0730 hours, identified
the plume top about 2260 m (7400 ft) between 260° and 290° from the flare
stack. Prior to this time mobile monitors had been sent to Stations 8 and
13 to try to sample early morning drainage winds. Atmospheric moisture samp-
ling was started at Station 13 at 0625 hours, and at Station 8 at 0717 hours.
Based upon the aircraft information, other mobile monitors were sent to Stations
24 and 26 where they collected atmospheric moisture samples.
By 0750 hours the wind speed had decreased to near zero moving slowly to
the northwest. A pass over Station 25 at 2190 m (7200 ft) at 0757 hours,
indicated a slight trace of plume material. An aerial grab sample was col-
lected at 0817 hours at 2440 m (8000 ft) between Leandro Canyon (300°) and
Station 25. Following a spiral descent around the flare stack a second grab
sample was taken at 2320 m (7600 ft), 1.3 km (0.8 mi) from the flare stack
between 270° and 300°. By 0851 hours the plume was identified at 2350 m (7700 ft)
330° from the flare stack about 2 km (1.2 mi) out. By 0908 hours the plume was
still moving in the same direction and was detected over La Jara Canyon at 2290 m
(7500 ft), 4.8 km (3 mi) from the flare stack. A grab sample was taken at 0913
hours between 6.4 km (4 mi) and 8.0 km (5 mi) at 2320 m (7600 ft) on a heading of
320°.
Based upon the trajectory established by the aircraft, a mobile monitor
was sent to Station 20 and began atmospheric moisture sampling at 0920 hours.
Aerial tracking was terminated at 1000 hours with the last contact at 1.6 km
(1 mi) to 3.2 km (2 mi) north of the flare stack. At that time (0940 hours)
the Doppler radar showed the winds over the surface to be about 2 knots from
180°.
Vegetation samples were collected at Stations 9, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 23.
Soil samples were collected at Stations 9, 18, 19, 20, 23, and 26. The soil
sample at Station 9 was a profile sample consisting of surface to 2.5 cm (1 in)
2.5 cm to 7.6 cm (3 in), and 7.6 cm to 15.2 cm (6 in). Surface water samples
were collected at Stations 27, 28, 30, and 31. This terminated the surveillance
for July 26.
15
-------
Results of Aerial Operations
Tables 13 and 14 list the results of aerial operations for the July 25-26
flaring. Six atmospheric moisture samples were collected by the aircraft.
Tritium concentrations were of the same magnitude as the May flaring surveil-
lance with four samples above background and a maximum of 4000 ± 300 pCi/1
H20 in a sample collected 1.8 km (1.1 mi) from the flare stack on an azimuth
of 260°. This concentration, expressed as 48 ± 3.6 pCi/m3 of air was 0.07%
of the Concentration Guide for a suitable population sample in an uncontrolled
area.12 Associated compressed air samples did not show ^5Kr concentrations
above anticipated background. The compressed air samples were also analyzed
for radioxenons. No concentrations of radioxenons were found above the detec-
tion limit of 2.0 pCi/m3 of air. All samples with 3H concentrations above
1000 pCi/1 were collected during injection of water on July 25.
Ground Monitoring Results
Tables 15 through 19 list the analytical results of all samples collected
by ground monitors.
Ground level sampling of atmospheric moisture showed definite concentrations
of 3H above background at Stations 8, 11, 13, 24, and 25. All of these Stations,
with the exception of Station 13, were within 2 km (1.2 mi) of the flare stack
in a sector from 220° to 341°. Station 13 was 8 km (5 mi) from the flare stack
on an azimuth of 300°. The maximum concentration of 3H occurred at Station 11,
0.5 km (0.3 mi) at 341° from the flare stack. This concentration was 49,000
pCi/1 H20, which was equivalent to 300 pCi/m3 of air. This was about 0.4% of
the Concentration Guide for a suitable population sample. All of the above
samples were collected on July 25, 1973 during which time water was being in-
jected into the flare.
Vegetation and soil samples showed concentrations of H above background
at Station 11. A vegetation sample collected on July 25 at Station 11 had a
3H concentration of 22,000 pCi/1 H20, and a soil sample collected at the same
location had a 3H concentration of 5800 pCi/1 H20.
Four surface water samples were also collected. None of the samples
o
showed elevated levels of 3H.
16
-------
POST-FLARING SAMPLE COLLECTION AND RESULTS
NOVEMBER 6-8, 1973
Sampling Procedures
Post-flaring environmental samples were collected from the Gasbuggy
Project area on November 6, 7, and 8, 1973. Of the 26 soil and vegetation
sampling locations used throughout the flaring period, vegetation and soil
samples were collected at all stations except two. Only vegetation was
collected at Station 17, and only soil was collected at Station 26. Shut-in
of the test well was accomplished at 1235 hours on November 6; however, water
containing H was steamed until November 7. A few of the more remote samples
were collected on the morning of November 6, but were considered to be post-
flaring samples.
Only three of the five water sampling locations were sampled. No water
was available at Bullsnake Pond and John Mills Lake (Stations 29 and 31).
Results of Post-Flaring Sample Collection
Tables 20, 21, and 22 list the analytical results of all samples collected
after flaring was completed.
Post-flaring vegetation sampling results showed levels of 3H above back-
ground in all four compass quadrants surrounding the flare stack. Of the 25
stations where vegetation was collected, ten had concentrations of 3H greater
than 1000 pCi/1 of H20. No obvious pattern existed in relation to distance and
direction for those stations where elevated levels of 3H were found. The maxi-
mum concentration of 3H was found in a vegetation sample at Station 20, 2 km
(1.2 mi) 330°. This sample had a 3H concentration of 26,000 pCi/1 of H20.
This value is about five times greater than the next highest vegetation sample
(5500 pCi/1 H20) which was collected at Station 21, 8.2 km (5.0 mi) 75°.
Of the 25 stations where soil samples were collected, only Station 10
0.5 km (0.3 mi) 102°, had a concentration of 3H above 1000 pCi/1 H20. This
sample contained 1700 pCi/1 H20 of 3H.
Three surface water samples were collected. None of these samples showed
H concentrations above background.
17
-------
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
During the production test conducted at the Project Gasbuggy site from
May 15 to November 6, 1973, natural gas containing 85Kr and 3H was flared
continuously. On several occasions tritiated water, which had been removed
from the natural gas, was converted to steam and injected into the flaring
plume. The flow rate at which the natural gas was flared varied as shown
on Figure 3. Figure 3 also shows when steam containing 3H was injected into
the flaring plume and when aerial and ground sampling was conducted by NERC-LV
personnel. The primary radionuclides of concern were identified from previous
surveillance programs for Project Gasbuggy to be 3H and 85Kr, of which a total
of 48.93 Ci and 4.69 Ci, respectively, was released into the atmosphere during
this production test.7
Aerial sampling detected concentrations of 3H above background levels
in the plume on each mission flown during the periods May 19-21 and July 25-26.
The concentrations of 85Kr in all air samples collected during flaring operations
were considered to be at background levels (~17 pCi/m3), except for one sample
collected on May 19 which had a 85Kr concentration of 21 ± 1.0 pCi/m3. This
concentration is less than 0.02% of the Concentration Guide for a suitable
population sample in an uncontrolled area.12 The highest concentration of H
detected in aircraft samples was 48 ± 3.6 pCi/m3 of air in a sample collected
on July 25 at an elevation of 2290 m (7500 ft), 1.8 km (2.8 mi) at 260° from
the flare stack. This concentration is less than 0.07% of the Concentration
Guide for continuous exposure to a suitable population sample in an uncontrolled
area.12
Mobile monitors on the ground, who were positioned in the plume downwind
of the stack by personnel in the aircraft, also collected atmospheric moisture
samples containing 3H above estimated background during each sampling period
in May and July. The highest 3H concentration in atmospheric moisture samples
collected by mobile monitors on the ground was collected at Station 11, an
unpopulated location, on July 25. This concentration, which was 300 pCi/m3 of
air, is less than 0.4% of the Concentration Guide for a suitable population
sample in an uncontrolled area.12
18
-------
Tritium concentrations above estimated background concentrations were
found in some vegetation and soil collected during the July 25-26 surveillance
operations and the November 6-8 post-flaring surveillance; no elevated 3H
concentrations were detected in these sample types during the May 19-21 sur-
veillance. No surface water samples showed concentrations of 3H above estimated
background. The highest 3H concentration in vegetation (26,000 pCi/1 of H20)
was measured in a sample collected at Station 20 on November 7, 2 km (1.2 mi)
333° from the flare stack. The highest 3H concentration in soil (1700 pCi/1
H20) was measured in a sample collected at Station 10 on November 7, 0.5 km
(0.3 mi) 102° from the flare stack.
From the highest concentrations of 3H which were measured in atmospheric
moisture samples, it is concluded that any direct exposures to the off-site
population were all below 0.4% of the Concentration Guide for this radio-
nuclide. There are no concentration guides for 3H in vegetation or soil.
However, all vegetation samples were native, uncultivated shrubs, which are
not used for human consumption or known to be of consideration in the food
chain of area residents.
All concentrations of radionuclides detected should be considered as
maximum since considerable effort was made to sample at times, places, and
under atmospheric conditions when plume material was most likely to be on
or near the surface at maximum concentrations. In addition, much of the
sampling of atmospheric moisture was done when stored, tritiated water was
being deliberately injected at higher than normal rates into the flare.
References to exposures to a suitable population sample are more hypothetical
than real, since all samples containing concentrations of 3H above estimated
background were collected at unpopulated locations.
19
-------
REFERENCES
1. "Report of Off-Site Surveillance for Project Gasbuggy," SWRHL-99r.
Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory, U.S. Department of Health,
Education and Welfare, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 1970.
2. "Environmental Surveillance for Project Gasbuggy Production Test Phase,"
SWRHL-lOOr. Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory, U.S. Depart-
ment of Health, Education and Welfare, Las Vegas, Nevada, June 1970.
3. "Project Gasbuggy Off-Site Radiological Safety Report, GB-2R, Phase I
Program," SWRHL-105r. Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory, U.S.
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Las Vegas, Nevada, July
1970.
4. McBride, J. R. and D. Hill, "Off-Site Radiological Surveillance for
Project Gasbuggy, June 1967 - July 1968." Radiological Health Data and
Reports, Volume 10, No. 12, December 1969. Page 535.
5. "Results of Sampling Natural Gas Wells in the Vicinity of Project Gas-
buggy," NERC-LV-539-9, National Environmental Research Center, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 1973.
6. "Environmental Assessment, Project Gasbuggy 1973 Gas Production Test
Rio Arriba County, New Mexico." U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Nevada
Operations Office, Office of Effects Evaluation, Las Vegas, Nevada,
December 1972.
7. Correspondence over period May 29, 1973 to November 14, 1973, from
Eddie W. Chew, Energy Resource Development, El Paso Natural Gas Company,
El Paso, Texas, to Peter K. Fitzsimmons, Radiological Operations
Division, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Las Vegas, Nevada.
8. Johns, F. B., "Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory Handbook of
Radiochemical Analytical Methods," SWRHL-11. Southwestern Radiological
Health Laboratory, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare,
Las Vegas, Nevada, March 1970.
20
-------
9. Stevenson, D. L. and F. B. Johns, "Separation Technique for the Deter-
mination of 85Kr in the Environment," IAEA-SM-148/68. International
Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1971.
10. Andrews, V. E. and D. T. Wruble, "Noble Gas Surveillance Network, April
1972, through March 1973." U.S. National Environmental Research Center,
Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada. Presented at Noble
Gases Symposium, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 1973.
11. Bernhardt, D. E., A. A.Moghissi, J. A. Cochran, "Atmospheric Concentrations
of Fission Product Noble Gases," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Environmental Research Center, Las Vegas, Nevada. Presented at
Noble Gases Symposium, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 1973.
12. "Standards for Radiation Protection," U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Manual,
Chapter 0524. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D.C., September
1973.
21
-------
S3
ft
(B
O
(U
C
09
CO
B-
OQ
f
O
O
O
CO
GASBUGGY
,« FLARE
STACK
-------
GASBUGGY
FLARE STACK
Figure 2. Close-in Gasbuggy Sampling Locations
23
-------
MAY
M IS
SEPTEMBER
MB IT
OCTOBER
li t> 25
NOVEMBER
1973
Figure 3. Variation of Natural Gas Flow Rate During Flaring Period
-------
Table 1. Quantities of Natural Gas Flared and Radioactivity Released
During Project Gasbuggy Production Test May 15-November 6, 1973
Ul
Volume of
Seven-Day Natural Gas
Flaring Period Flared
Ending Midnight (MMCF)
5/21b'C
5/28
6/4
6/7C
Totals for
First Drawdown
6/13C
6/20
6/27
7/4
7/11
7/18
7/25d
8/1
8/8
8/15
8/22
8/29
25.692
24.050
16.957
4.713
71.412
2.880
.731
.867
1.298
1.284
1.257
1.105
1.054
1.034
.938
.937
.807
85Kr
Released
(Ci)
1.28
1.24
0.88
0.21
3.61
0.12
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
3H Released
in Gas
(Ci)
6.09
6.33
5.13
1.55
19.10
0.68
0.10
0.13
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.17
0.17
0.14
3H Released by Steam Total 3H
Injection into Flare Released
(Ci) (Dates) (Ci)
3.30 5/16,19,20,21 9.39
3.37 5/24,28 9.70
4.50 5/29,30, 6/1,3 9.63
2.61 6/5,6 4.16
13.78 32.88
0.68
0.10
0.13
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.90 7/25 1.12
0.21
0.21
0.17
0.17
0.14
-------
Table 1. Quantities of Natural Gas Flared and Radioactivity Released
During Project Gasbuggy Production Test May 15-November 6, 1973
Seven-Day
Flaring Period
Ending Midnight
9/5
9/12
9/19
9/26
10/3
10/10
10/17
10/23°
Totals for
Steady Pressure
Phase
10/29C
11/5
ll/7C>e
Totals for
Second Drawdown
Totals for
Production Test
Volume of
Natural Gas
Flared
(MMCF)
.802
.809
.677
.574
.676
.654
.506
.393
19.283
9.230
7.214
.450
16.894
107.589
85Kr
Released
(Ci)
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.57
0.28
0.22
.01
0.51
4.69
3H Released
in Gas
(Ci)
0.14
0.14
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.06
3.63
2.36
1.82
.10
4.28
27.01
3H Released by Steam Total 3H
Injection into Flare Released
(Ci) (Dates) (Ci)
0.14
0.14
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.90 4.53
2.58 10/26,27,29 4.94
3.75 10/31,11/2,4,5 5.57
.91 11/6,7 1.01
7.24 11.52
21.92 48.93
-------
•a
All data supplied by El Paso Natural Gas Company. Gas flow measurements were made by El Paso
Natural Gas Company. Radioactivity measurements were made by Eberline Instrument Corporation.
Ground and aerial surveillance was conducted on May 19, 20, and 21, 1973.
•\
"Represents flow for periods not sevei
6.5 days, and 0.5 days respectively.
Q
Represents flow for periods not seven full days long: 6.5 days, 2.5 days, 6.5 days, 5.5 days,
Ground and aerial surveillance was conducted on July 25 and 26, 1973.
n
Ground surveillance was conducted on November 6-8, 1973.
-------
Table 2. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Water and Precipitation Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
30
27
10
11
29
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)3
151 10.5
(6.5)
269 1.3
(0.8)
102 0.5
(0.3)
341 0.5
(0.3)
71 4.8
(3.0)
Date /Time
Collected Source
5/3 1130 Pond
5/5 1145 Pond
5/6 0945 Snow
5/6 1000 Snow
5/6 1225 Pond
3H Concentration
(PCi/l H£0)
<240
<240
380±
250
410±
240
<240
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
28
-------
Table 3. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Atmospheric Moisture Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (°) (km)a
8 305 1.8
(1.1)
10 102 0.5
(0.3)
11 341 0.5
(0.3)
7 43 5.0
(3.1)
9 53 2.1
(1.3)
13 300 8.0
(5.0)
15 280 17.9
(11.1)
3 46 16.1
(10.0)
5 356 10.9
(6.8)
12 241 10.1
(6.3)
Date /Time on
Date /Time off
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/7
5/7
5/7
5/7
5/7
5/7
1415
1500
1535
1620
1405
1450
1135
1235
1015
1115
1040
1140
1200
1300
1140
1240
1130
1240
0930
1030
Volume
(m3)
6.43
7.79
5.01
8.10
9.27
5.04
9.89
8.64
7.87
8.47
Altitude
Above MSL
(m)a
2160
(7100)
2190
(7200)
2190
(7200)
2070
(6800)
2130
(7000)
1980
(6500)
2010
(6600)
2220
(7300)
2190
(7200)
2130
(7000)
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/m3 air)
240±
240
<200
240±
240
590±
240
650±
240
550±
240
460±
240
480±
240
330±
240
<200
1.2±
1.2
<0.1
1.0±
1.0
2.5±
1.0
2.7±
1.0
2.3±
1.0
1.9±
1.0
2.1±
1.0
1.5±
1.1
<0.1
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles are
given in parentheses.
29
-------
Table 4. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Compressed Air Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (°) (km)3
8 305 1.8
(1.1)
9 53 2.1
(1.3)
Date/Time on
Date/Time off
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
1050
1117
1235
1305
Altitude
Volume Above MSL 85Kr Xe
(m3) (m) (pCi/m3 air) (pCi/m3 air)
0.968 2160 17± <2.0
(7100) 1.0
Samples lost in analyses
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles are given
in parentheses.
30
-------
Table 5. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Vegetation Samples Collected
May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
8
9
10
11
6
7
13
14
15
1
2
3
4
5
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
305
53
102
341
10
43
300
273
280
34
49
46
73
356
1.8
(1.1)
2.1
(1.3)
0.5
(0.3)
0.5
(0.3)
9.3
(5.8)
5.0
(3.1)
8.0
(5.0)
19.3
(12.0)
17.9
(11.1)
35.4
(22.0)
20.6
(12.8)
16.1
(10.0)
20.1
(12.5)
10.9
(6.8)
Date /Time
Collected
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/7
5/7
5/7
5/7
5/7
1115
1300
1530
1315
1320
1150
1115
1345
1230
0940
1130
1220
1040
1215
Mois ture
Content
(%)b
51
58
62
59
58
71
76
66
68
70
66
62
61
66
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg veg.)
<240
570±
250
1200±
260
530±
250
380±
260
500±
240
530±
260
440±
260
560±
260
570±
250
550±
260
490±
260
670±
250
720±
240
<120
330±
140
740±
160
310±
150
220±
150
360±
170
400±
200
290±
170
380±
180
400±
180
360±
170
300±
160
410+
150
280+
160
31
-------
Table 5. (continued) Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Vegetation Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
12
16
17
Azimuth
and Moisture
Distance Date/Time Content
(°) (km)a Collected (%)b
241 10.1 5/7 0945 68
(6.3)
154 10.5 5/8 1000 66
(6.5)
77 0.8 5/8 1000 63
(0.5)
% Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg veg.)
480±
240
670±
250
610±
250
330±
160
440±
160
380±
160
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight. All samples were native, uncultivated
shrubs.
32
-------
Table 6. Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Soil Samples Collected May
1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
8
9
9C
9d
10
11
6
7
13
14
15
1
2
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
305
53
53
53
102
341
10
43
300
273
280
34
49
1.8
(1.1)
2.1
(1.3)
2.1
(1.3)
2.1
(1.3)
0.5
(0.3)
0.5
(0.3)
9.3
(5.8)
5.0
(3.1)
8.0
(5.0)
19.3
(12.0)
17.9
(11.1)
35.4
(22.0)
20.6
(12.8)
Date /Time
Collected
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/6
5/7
5/7
1100
1250
1300
1245
1530
1330
1305
1210
1100
1330
1215
0915
1110
Moisture
Content
20
8.6
15
16
6.1
9.1
14
12
13
10
21
11
14
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
360+
260
330±
240
310+
260
<260
400+
240
430±
240
<260
290±
240
340+
240
500±
240
<240
<240
410±
240
71±
51
28±
21
50±
39
<42
24±
15
39±
22
<36
35±
29
43±
30
51+
25
<50
<26
57±
34
33
-------
Table 6. (continued) Analytical Results of Pre-Flaring Soil Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
3
4
5
12
16
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)3
46 16.1
(10.0)
73 20.1
(12.5)
356 10.9
(6.8)
241 10.1
(6.3)
154 10.5
(6.5)
Mois ture
Date /Time Content
Collected (%)b
5/7 1200 19
5/7 1100 11
5/7 1200 6
5/7 0930 11
5/8 1015 8.5
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
330±
260
<240
360±
240
260±
240
<260
64±
50
<26
21±
14
28±
26
<22
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight.
c = This sample was collected at a depth of 2.54 cm to 7.62 cm (1 to 3 in).
d = This sample was collected at a depth of 7.62 cm to 15.2 cm (3 to 6 in).
34
-------
Table 7. Analytical Results of Aircraft Atmospheric Moisture Samples
Collected May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
330
95
110
110
75
330
145
1.9
(1.2)
3.5
(2.2)
1.6
(1.0)
1.6
(1-0)
8.0
(5.0)
2.3
(1.4)
3.3
(2.0)
Date/Time Volume
Collected (m3)
5/19 0905 0.605
5/19 1002 0.785
5/19 1423 0.786
5/20 0925 0.787
5/20 1040 0.490
5/21 0800 0.714
5/21 1025 0.792
Altitude
Above MSL
(m)3
2440
(8000)
2320
(7600)
2590
(8500)
2590
(8500)
2740
(9000)
2320
(7600)
3050
(10,000)
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20y (pCi/m3 air)
2800±
340
1400±
270
690±
340
2500±
280
860±
290
1300±
270
910±
260
24±
2.9
11±
2.1
5.7± .
2.8
12±
2.7
9.5±
3.2
12±
2.4
6.3+
1.8
a = Distance in miles and altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) are shown
in parentheses.
35
-------
Table 8. Analytical Results of Aircraft Compressed Air Samples Collected
May 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)3
330
95
110
110
75
330
145
1.9
(1.2)
3.5
(2.2)
1.6
(1.0)
1.6
(1.0)
8.0
(5.0)
2.3
(1.4)
3.2
(2.0)
Date /Time
Collected
5/19 0905
5/19 1002
5/19 1423
5/20 0925
5/20 1040
5/21 0800
5/21 1025
Volume
(m3)
0.605
0.785
0.786
0.787
0.490
0.714
0.792
Altitude
Above MSL
(m)
2440
(8000)
2320
(7600)
2590
(8500)
2590
(8500)
2740
(9000)
2320
(7600)
3050
(10,000)
85Kr
Concentration
(pCi/m3 air)
21±
1.0
16±
1.1
17±
1.1
18±
1.1
16±
1.0
14±
1.0
12±
1.0
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles are
given in parentheses.
36
-------
Table 9. Analytical Results of Water Samples Collected May 19731
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
27
28
29
30
31
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
269 1.2
(0.8)
40 5.2
(3.3)
71 4.8
(3.0)
151 10.4
(6.5)
47 16.1
(10.0)
Date/Time
Collected Source
5/20 0905 Pond
5/21 1315 Pond
5/21 1300 Pond
5/21 1135 Pond
5/21 0645 Pond
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20)
350±
250
320±
250
440±
250
470±
250
330±
250
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
37
-------
Table 10. Analytical Results of Atmospheric Moisture Samples Collected
May 1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (°) (km)a
18
19
11
20
8
18
19
21
9
11
20
8
11
77
110
341
333
305
77
110
75
53
341
.333
305
341
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
0.5
(0.3)
2.0
(1.3)
1.7
(1.1)
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
8.2
(5.1)
2.0
(1.3)
0.5
(0.3)
2.0
(1.3)
1.7
(1.1)
0.5
(0.3)
Date/Time on
Date/Time off
5/19
5/19
5/19
5/19
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
1445
1545
1445
1545
0900
1000
0905
1005
0920
1020
0940
1032
0942
1044
1020
1150
1045
1145
0715
0755
0715
0815
0725
0840
0800
0900
Volume
(m3)
6.66
i
9.58
6.66
7.85
6.49
7.25
7.42
8.84
6.97
4.14
8.16
5.86
5.69
Altitude
Above MSL 3H Concentration
(m)a (pCi/1 H20) (pCi/m3 air)
2160
(7100)
2130
(7000)
2190
(7200)
2290
(7500)
2160
(7100)
2160
(7100)
2130
(7000)
2160
(7100)
2130
(7000)
2190
(7200)
2290
(7500)
2160
(7100)
•
2190
(7200)
4100±
310
• iooo±
260
1500±
260
540±
240
570±
240
2900±
290
880±
240
370±
230
300±
240
510±
240
630±
240
320±
240
450±
250
14+
1.1
3.3±
0.86
8.7±
1.5
3.0±
1.3
3.2±
1.3
15±
1.5
4.1±
1.1
1.8±
1.2
1.4±
1.1
3.1±
1.4
3.3±
1.2
1.8±
1.3
2.5+
1.4
38
-------
Table 10. (continued) Analytical Results of Atmospheric Moisture Samples
Collected May 1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production
Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (•) (kn)a
18 77 1.4
(0.9)
22 31 1.6
(1.0)
23 126 3.5
(2.2)
Date/Time on Volume
Qate/Time off (m3)
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
5/21
0825 8.72
0925
0832 5.75
0924
1004 7.72
1105
Altitude
Above MSL
, v3
(m)
2160
(7100)
2130
(7000)
2230
(7300)
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 HO) (pCi/m3 air)
810±
260
1100±
600
3201
230
4.3±
1.4
6.1%
3.3
1.2±
0.87
a - Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles are
given in parentheses.
39
-------
Table 11. Analytical Results of Vegetation Samples Collected May
1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and Moisture
Station Distance Date/Time Content 3H Concentration
No. (°) (km)a Collected (%)b (pCi/1 H2<3) (pCi/kg veg.)
18
19
8
9
11
18
19
20
21
17
22
23
a =
b =
77
110
305
53
341
77
110
333
75
241
31
126
Distance in
Based upon £
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
1.7
(1.1)
2.0
(1.3)
0.5
(0.3)
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
2.0
(1.3)
8.2
(5.1)
10.0
(6.3)
1.6
(1.0)
3.5
(2.2)
miles
sample
5/19
5/19
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/20
5/21
5/21
5/21
is given
wet weigh
1520 56
1500 56
1315 62
1105 63
0945 58
1010 66
1110 63
1000 72
1100 67
1240 69
0910 73
1030 60
in parentheses .
it. All samples
880±
260
700±
240
500±
250
650+
240
650±
250
1200±
260
59 0±
240
260±
250
740±
260
570±
250
590±
250
440±
250
490±
150
390±
130
310±
160
410±
150
370±
140
790±
170
370±
150
190±
180
500±
170
390±
170
430+
180
260+
150
were native, uncultivated
shrubs.
40
-------
Table 12. Analytical Results of Soil Samples Collected May 1973,
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
18
19
8
9
11
18
19
20
21
22
23
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
'77 1.4
(1.9)
110 1.6
(1.0)
305 1.7
(1.1)
53 2.0
(1.3)
341 0.5
(0.3)
77 1.4
(1.9)
110 1.6
(1.0)
333 2.0
(1.3)
75 8.2
(5.1)
31 1.6
(1.0)
126 3.5
(2.2)
Moisture
Date/Time Content
Collected (%)b
5/19 1500 1.2
5/19 1515 2.8
5/20 1325 4.3
5/20 1120 0.88
5/20 1005 2.0
5/20 1000 2.5
5/20 1110 5.8
5/20 1020 3.7
5/20 1100 0.92
5/21 0915 4.8
5/21 1030 1.7
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
8501
260
580±
240
<230
430±
230
430±
230
770±
240
510±
240
470±
240
360±
230
460±
230
530+
240
10±
3.1
16±
6.8
<9.9
3.8±
2.0
8.6±
4.6
19±
6.0
29±
14
17±
8.9
3.3±
2.1
22±
11
91±
4.1
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight.
c = This sample was collected at a depth of 2.54 cm to 7.62 cm (1 to 3 in),
d = This sample was collected at a depth of 7.62 cm to 15.2 cm (3 to 6 in),
41
-------
Table 13. Analytical Results of Aircraft Atmospheric Moisture Samples
Collected July 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)3
260
300
290
260-
300
270-
300
320
1.8
(1.1)
8.0
(5.0)
8.0
(5.0)
1.8
(1.1)
1.3
(0.8)
8.0
(5.0)
Date /Time Volume
Collected (m3)
7/25 0746 0.798
7/25 0839 0.779
7/25 0931 0.781
7/26 0817 0.696
7/26 0846 0.851
7/26 0913 0.848
Altitude
Above MSL
/ \SL
(m)
2260
(7400)
2170
(6800)
2010
(6600)
2440
(8000)
2320
(7600)
2320
(7600)
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/m3 air)
40001
300
1500±
270
2000±
270
990±
260
760±
240
760±
240
48±
3.6
15±
2.7
19±
2.5
13±
3.4
111
3.4
9.9i
3.1
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles is given
in parentheses.
42
-------
Table 14. Analytical Results of Aircraft Compressed Air Samples Collected
July 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Distance Date/Time Volume
(°) (km) Collected (m3)
260
300
290
260-
300
270-
300
320
1.8 7/25 0746 0.798
(1.1)
8.0 7/25 0839 0.779
(5.0)
8.0 7/25 0931 0.781
(5.0)
1.8 7/26 0817 0.696
(1.1)
1.3 7/26 0846 0.851
(0.8)
8.0 7/26 0913 0.848
(5.0)
Altitude
Above MSL
(m)
2260
(7400)
2170
(6800)
2010
(6600)
2440
(8000)
2320
(7600)
2320
(7600)
85Kr
Concentration
(pCi/m3 air)
13±
0.70
17±
1.4
13±
0.70
16±
1.0
13±
1.1
17±
0.70
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles are
given in parentheses.
43
-------
Table 15. Analytical Results of Atmospheric Moisture Samples Collected
July 1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (°) (km)a
8
24
25
11
13
13
8
24
26
20
305 1.7
(1-1)
282 1.8
(1.1)
220 1.9
(1.2)
341 0.5
(0.3)
300 8.0
(5.0)
300 8.0
(5.0)
305 1.7
(1-1)
282 1.8
(1.1)
285 3.5
(2.2)
333 2.0
(1.6)
Date/Time on
Date/Time off
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
0736
0841
0740
0840
0811
0911
0855
0940
0902
1006
0625
0725
0717
0817
0809
0909
0815
0915
0920
1020
Altitude
Volume Above MSL
(m3) (m)a
6.86 2160
(7100)
7.22 2160
(7100)
7.45 2160
(7100)
6.23 2190
(7200)
7.08 1980
(6500)
6.15 1980
(6500)
7.87 2160
(7100)
8.87 2160
(7100)
9.38 2260
(7400)
9.24 2290
(7500)
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/m3 air)
6900±
330
3900+
280
46001
290
49,000±
630
1400±
250
<230
260+
230
270±
230
<250
400±
230
33±
1.6
21±
1.5
26±
1.7
300±
3.9
8.8±
1.6
<1.7
1.8±
1.6
2.0±
1.7
<1.8
2.7±
1.5
a = Altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL) and distance in miles is given
in parentheses.
44
-------
Table 16. Analytical Results of Water Samples Collected July 1973,
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
30
27
28
31
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
154 10.4
(6.5)
269 1.2
(0.8)
40 5.2
(3.3)
47 16.1
(10.0)
Date /Time
Collected
7/25 1230
7/26 0700
7/26 0800
7/26 0700
Source
Pond
Pond
Pond
Pond
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20)
410±
230
450±
230
<240
400±
230
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
45
-------
Table 17. Analytical Results of Vegetation Samples Collected July
1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
8
11
13
24
25
9
17
18
19
20
23
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)3
305
341
300
282
220
53
77
77
110
333
126
1.7
(1.1)
0.5
(0.3)
8.0
(5.0)
1.8
(1.1)
1.9
(1.2)
2.0
(1.3)
0.8
(0.5)
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
2.0
(1.3)
. 3.5
(2.2)
Date /Time
Collected
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
1015
1000
1030
1010
0945
1120
0715
1100
0830
0945
1005
Moisture
Content
(%)b
58
60
58
66
55
56
57
63
66
52
52
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg veg.)
920±
240
22,000±
460
480±
250
390±
240
680±
240
660±
240
760±
260
480±
250
360±
250
440±
240
530±
240
530±
' 140
13,000±
280
280±
150
260±
160
370±
160
370±
130
430±
150
300±
160
240±
170
230±
120
280±
120
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight. All samples were native, uncultivated
shrubs.
46
-------
Table 18. Analytical Results of Soil Samples Collected July 1973,
for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
8
11
13
24
25
9
9b
9C
18
19
20
23
26
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km) a
305
341
300
282
220
53
53
53
77
110
333
126
285
1.7
(1.1)
0.5
(0.3)
8.0
(5.0)
1.8
(1.1)
1.9
(1.2)
2.0
(1.3)
2.0
(1.3)
19.8
(12.5)
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
2.0
(1.3)
3.5
(2.2)
3.5
(2.2)
Moisture
Date/Time Content
Collected (%)b
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
7/26
1010 1.6
0945 1.2
1045 1.7
1020 1.2
1000 1.8
0745 1.3
1100 4.8
1120 5.7
1105 1.3
0830 1.2
1000 1.2
1015 1.7
0830 1.5
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
540±
240
5800±
310
370±
230
910±
240
520±
240
270±
230
300±
230
230±
230
380±
230
350±
230
370±
230
310±
230
380±
230
8.6±
3.8
70±
3.7
6.3±
3.9
11 ±
2.9
9.4±
4.3
3.5±
3.0
14±
11
13±
13
4.9±
3.0
4.2±
2.8
4.4+
2.8
5.3±
3.9
5.7±
3.5
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight. All samples were native, uncultivated shrubs,
c = This sample was collected at a depth of 2.54 cm to 7.62 cm (1 to 3 in).
d = This sample was collected at a depth of 7.52 cm to 15.2 cm (3 to 6 in).
47
-------
Table 19. Analytical Results of Compressed Air Samples Collected July
1973, on the Ground for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. (°) (km)3
24 282 1.8
(1.1)
24 282 1.8
(1.1)
Date/Time on Volume
Date/Time off (m3)
7/25
7/25
7/26
7/26
0739 0.944
0805
0755 0.933
0826
85Kr
(pCi/m3 air)
15±
0.7
14±
0.6
Xe
(pCi/m3 air)
<2.0
<2.0
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
48
-------
Table 20. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Water Samples Collected
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance Date/Time
No. (°) (km)a Collected Source
27 269 1.2 11/6 1600 Pond
(0.8)
28 40 5.2 11/6 1415 Pond
(3.3)
29 71 4.8 11/7 1245 Pond
(3.0)
^H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20)
380±
240
<240
<240
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses,
49
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Table 21. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Vegetation Samples Collected
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
1
2
3
4
5
12
14
15
25
7
10
16
17
20
Azimuth
and
Distance
C) (km)3
34
49
46
73
356
241
273
280
220
43
102
154
77
333
35.4
(22.0)
20.4
(12.8)
16.1
(10.0)
19.8
(12.5)
10.8
(6.8)
10.0
(6.3)
19.3
(12.0)
17.7
(11.1)
1.9
(1.2)
4.9
(3.1)
0.5
(0.3)
10.4
(6.5)
0.8
(0.5)
2.0
(1.3)
Date/Time
Collected
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/6
11/7
11/7
11/7
11/7
11/7
1115
1230
1000
1330
1145
1015
0915
1100
1545
1000
0845
1330
1600
1440
Moisture
Content
58
48
43
51
38
38
41
33
42
38
20
48
41
49
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg veg.)
680±
270
530±
260
1400±
390
860±
270
320±
260
3600±
430
330±
260
1400±
390
570±
260
910±
260
1400±
270
400*
260
2100±
280
26,000±
720
, 390±
. 160
260±
120
600±
170
440±
140
120±
99
14001
160
140+
110
4701
130
2401
110
3501
99
280+
54
1901
120
8501
110
12,400+
350
50
-------
Table 21. (continued) Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Vegetation Samples
Collected November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
21
23
6
8
9
11
13
18
23
22
24
Axiauth
and
Distance
C) (tan)a
75 8.2
(5.1)
126 3.5
(2.2)
10 9.2
(5.8)
305 1.7
(1.1)
50 2.7
(1.3)
341 0.5
(0.3)
300 8.0
(5.0)
77 1.4
(0.9)
110 1.6
(1.0)
31 1.6
U.O)
282 1.8
(1.1)
Moisture
Date/Time Content
Collected (Z)b
11/7 1045 27
11/7 1200 56
11/8 1000 44
11/8 1100 41
11/8 0915 25
. 11/8 1130 32
11/8 0845 50
11/8 1045 44
11/8 1130 36
11/8 1215 24
11/8 1015 .44
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg veg.)
55001
330
1200±
380
740±
370
440±
260
700±
270
<260
1700±
390
600±
260
<260
18001
400
4001
260
1500±
890
. 6901
220
330+
160
1801
110
1801
68
<830
8301
190
2601
110
<:94
4401
95
180+
110
a = Distance in miles is given in parentheses.
b = Based upon sample wet weight. All samples were native, uncultivated
shrubs.
51
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Table 22. Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Soil Samples Collected
November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Station
No.
1
2
3
4
5
12
14
15
25
26
7
10
16
Azimuth
and
Distance
(°) (km)a
34
49
46
73
356
241
273
280
220
285
43
102
154
35.4
(22.0)
20.4
(12.8)
16.1
(10.0)
19.8
(12.5)
10.8
(6.8)
10.0
(6.3)
19.3
(12.0)
17.7
(11.1)
1.9
(1.2)
3.5
(2.2)
4.9
(3.1)
0.5
(0.3)
10.4
(6.5)
Moisture
Date/Time Content
Collected (%)*>
11/6 1130 2.1
11/6 1245 4.4
11/6 1020 4.1
11/6 1400 3.2
11/6 1145 1.3
11/6 1015 2.2
11/6 0915 1.2
11/6 1100 2.0
11/6 1545 4.2
11/6 1515 3.1
11/7 1000 1.6
11/7 0945 5.8
11/7 1330 3.0
3H Concentration
(pCi/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
<240
280±
240
<240
340±
240
<230
260±
240
<230
240±
240
<240
260±
240
390±
240
1700±
260
350±
240
<5.1
12±
11
<9.8
11±
7.7
<3.0
5.9±
5.3
<2.8
4.8±
4.8
<11
8.4±
7.4
6.1±
1.6
99±
15
11±
7.2
52
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Table 22. (continued) Analytical Results of Post-Flaring Soil Samples
Collected November 1973, for Project Gasbuggy Production Test
Azimuth
and
Station Distance
No. («) (km)a
20
21
23
6
8
9
9C
9d
11
13
18
19
22
24
a =
b -
c =
d =
333
75
126
10
305
53
53
53
341
300
77
110
31
282
Distance in
Based upon
This sample
This sample
2.0
(1.3)
8.2
(5.1)
3.5
(2.2)
9.2
(5.8)
1.7
(1.1)
2.0
(1.3)
2.0
(1.3)
2.0
(1.3)
0.5
(0.3)
8.0
(5.0)
1.4
(0.9)
1.6
(1.0)
1.6
(1.0)
1.8
(1.1)
miles
sample
Moisture
Date/Time Content
Collected (%)b
11/7
11/7
11/7
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
11/8
is given
1500
1100
1200
0945
1100
0915'
0915
0915
1130
0915
1100
1145
1200
1015
4.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
5.
9.
2.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
0
9
9
6
8
0
4
5
3
3
9
6
4
8
3H Concentration
(pCl/1 H20) (pCi/kg soil)
250±
240
350±
240
<240
280±
240-
470±
240
310±
240
510±
240
370±
240
<240
<240
530±
250
260±
240
<240
340±
240
1.0±
1.0
6.6±
4.6
<4.6
4.5±
3.8
13±
6.7
6.1±
4.8
27±
13
35±
23
<5.5
<13
10±
4.8
4.1±
3.8
<5.8
6.2±
4.3
in parentheses.
wet weight.
was collected
was collected
at a depth
at a depth
of
of
2.54
7.62
cm to 7.62 cm
cm to 15.2 cm
(1 to 3 in).
(3 to 6 in).
53
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DISTRIBUTION
1-15 National Environmental Research Center, Las Vegas, NV (15)
16 - 20 Edward Fleming, Jr., AEG/DAT, Wash., B.C. (5)
21 - 22 Martin B. Biles, AEC/DOS, Wash., D. C. (2)
23 - 24 Maj. Gen. Ernest Graves, Jr., AGM/MA, Wash., B.C. (2)
25 - 26 James L. Liverman, AEC/AGMBERSP, Wash., D.C. (2)
27 Mahlon E. Gates, Manager, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV
28 Robert H. Thalgott, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV
29 - 49 Robert R. Loux, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV (20)
50 Paul J. Mudra, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV
51 - 53 Bennie G. DiBona, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV (3)
54 David G. Jackson, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV
55 - 57 Technical Library, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV (3)
58 Frank E. Abbott, USAEC, Golden, CO
59 Harold F. Mueller, ARL/NOAA, AEC/NV, Las Vegas, NV
60 Gilbert J. Ferber, ARL/NOAA, Silver Spring, MD
61 Albert C. Trakowski, Acting Assistant Administrator for Research &
Development, EPA, Wash., D.C.
62 William D. Rowe, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Radiation Programs,
EPA, Wash., D.C.
63 William A. Mills, Dir., Div. of Criteria & Standards, ORP, EPA, Wash., D.C.
64 Ernest D. Harvard, Acting Director, Division of Technology Assessment, ORP,
EPA, Wash., D.C.
65 Bernd Kahn, Chief, Radiochemistry & Nuclear Engineering, NERC, EPA,
Cincinnati, OH
66 - 67 Charles L. Weaver, Director, Field Operations Division, ORP, EPA, Wash.,
D. C. (2)
68 Gordon Everett, Director, Office of Technical Analysis, EPA, Wash., D.C.
69 Kurt L. Feldmann, Managing Editor, Radiation Data & Reports, ORP, EPA
Wash., D.C.
70 Regional Administrator, EPA, Region IX, San Francisco, CA
71 Regional Radiation Representative, EPA, Region IX, San Francisco, CA
72 Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility, EPA, Montgomery, AL
73 Library, EPA, Wash., D.C.
74 Kenneth M. Oswald, LLL, Mercury, NV
-------
DISTRIBUTION (continued)
75 James E. Carothers, LLL, Livermore, CA
76 Alfred Holzer, LLL, Livermore, CA
77 Wayne R. Woodruff, LLL, Livermore, CA
78 Charles I. Browne, LASL, Los Alamos, NM
79 Jerome E. Dummer, LASL, Los Alamos, NM
80 Arden E. Bicker, REECo, Mercury, NV
81 Savino W. Cavender, REECo, Mercury, NV
82 Carter D. Broyles, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
83 George Tucker, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
84 Robert H. Wilson, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
85 Richard S. Davidson, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH
86 J. P. Corley, Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, WA
87 - 91 Philip L. Randolph, EPNG, El Paso, TX (5)
92 William S. Twenhofel, USGS, Denver, CO
93 Alfred E. Doles, EIC, Santa Fe, NM
94 - 95 Charles H. Atkinson, USBM, Bartlesville, OK (2)
96 Miles Reynolds, Austral Oil Co., Houston, TX
97 Gerald R. Luetkehans, CER, Las Vegas, NV
98 Milford R. Lee, Conoco, Houston, TX
99 Robert L. Mann, Conoco, Casper, WY
100 John M. Ward, President, Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada
Reno, NV
101 Charles Barton, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN
102- 103 Technical Information Center, Oak Ridge, TN (for public availability) (2)
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