U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY WORKING PAPER SERIES DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN MISSISSIPPI LAKES WORKING PAPER NO. 635 CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON and ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA ------- DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN MISSISSIPPI LAKES WORKING PAPER NO. 635 ------- DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN MISSISSIPPI LAKES by Llewellyn R. Williams1, W. D. Taylor1, F. A. Hiatt2, S. C. Hern1, J. W. Hilgert2, V. W. Lambou1, F. A. Morris2, R. W. Thomas1, and M. K. Morris2. iWater and Land Quality Branch Monitoring Operations Division Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory Las Vegas, Nevada 89114 ^Department of Biological Sciences The University of Nevada, Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 Working Paper No. 685 National Eutrophication Survey Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency March 1977 ------- Table of Contents Foreword 111 Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 3 Lake and Site Selection 3 Sample Preparation 4 Examination 5 Quality Control 5 Results 6 Nygaard's Trophic State Indices 6 Palmer's Organic Pollution Indices 8 Species Diversity and Abundance Indices 9 Species Occurrence and Abundance 11 Literature Cited 12 Appendix: Summary of Phytoplankton Data 13 ------- 111 FOREWORD The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nationwide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and reservoirs. The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with State environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations, and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and State management practices relating to point source discharge reduction and nonpoint source pollution abatement in lake watersheds. The Survey collected physical, chemical, and biological data from 815 lakes and reservoirs throughout the contiguous United States. To date, the Survey has yielded more than two million data points. In-depth analyses are being made to advance the rationale and data base for refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's freshwater lakes. ------- INTRODUCTION The collection and analysis of phytoplankton data were included in the National Eutrophication Survey in an effort to determine relationships between algal characteristics and trophic status of individual lakes. During spring, summer, and fall of 1973, the Survey sampled 250 lakes in 17 states. Over 700 algal species and varieties were identified and enumerated from the 743 water samples examined. This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton in the 5 lakes sampled in the State of Mississippi (Table 1). The Nygaard's Trophic State (Nygaard 1949), Palmer's Organic Pollution (Palmer 1969), and species diversity and abundance indices are also included. ------- Table 1. Lakes Sampled 1n the State of Mississippi STORET i LAKE NAME COUNTY 2801 Arkabutla Reservoir Desoto, Tate 2802 Enid Lake Yalo Busha, Panola 2804 Ross Barnett Reservoir Hinds, Madison, Rankln 2805 Sardls Lake Panola, Lafayette 2806 Grenada Lake Grenada, Yalo Busha ------- MATERIALS AND METHODS LAKE AND SITE SELECTION Lakes and reservoirs Included 1n the Survey were selected through discussions with State water pollution agency personnel and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Offices (U.S. EPA 1975). Screening and selection strongly emphasized lakes with actual or potential accelerated eutrophication problems. As a result, the selection was limited to lakes: (1) Impacted by one or more municipal sewage treatment plant outfalls either directly into the lake or by discharge to an inlet tributary within approximately 40 kilometers of the lake; (2) 40 hectares or larger in size; and (3) With a mean hydraulic retention time of at least 30 days. Specific selection criteria were waived for some lakes of particular State interest. Sampling sites for a lake were selected based on available information on lake morphometry, potential major sources of nutrient input, and on-site judgment of the field Hmnologlst (U.S. EPA 1975). Primary sampling sites were chosen to reflect the deepest portion of each major basin 1n a test lake. Where many basins were present, selection was guided by nutrient source information on hand. At each sampling site, a depth-Integrated phytoplankton sample was taken. Depth-integrated samples were a uniform mixture of water from the surface to a depth of 15 feet (4.6 meters) or from the surface to the lower limit of the photic zone representing 1 percent of the incident light, whichever was greater. If the depth at the sampling site was less than 15 feet (4.6 meters), the sample was taken from just off the bottom to the surface. Normally, a lake was sampled three times in 1 year, providing information on spring, summer, and fall conditions. ------- SAMPLE PREPARATION Four mill litters (ml) of Ac1d-LugoTs solution (Prescott 1970) were added to each 130-ml sample from each site at the time of collection for preservation. The samples were shipped to the Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, where equal volumes from each site were mixed to form two 130-ml composite samples for a given lake. One composite sample was put Into storage and the other was used for the examination. Prior to examination, the composite samples were concentrated by the settling method. Solids were allowed to settle for at least 24 hours prior to siphoning off the supernatant. The volume of the removed supernatant and the volume of the remaining concentrate were measured and concentrations determined. A small (8 ml) library subsample of the concentrate was then taken. The remaining concentrate was gently agitated to resuspend the plankton and poured into a capped, graduated test tube. If a preliminary examination of a sample Indicated the need for a more concentrated sample, the contents of the test tube were further concentrated by repeating the settling method. Final concentrations varied from 15 to 40 times the original. Permanent slides were prepared from concentrated samples after analysis was complete. A drop of superconcentrate from the bottom of the test tube was placed in a ring of clear Karo Corn Syrup with phenol (a few crystals of phenol were added to each 100 ml of syrup) on a glass slide, thoroughly mixed, and topped with a coverglass. After the syrup at the edges of the coverglass had hardened, the excess was scraped away and the mount was sealed with clear fingernail polish. Permanent diatom slides were prepared by drying samole material on a coverglass, heating 1n a muffle furnace at 400 C for 45 minutes, and mounting 1n Hyrax. Finally, the mounts were sealed with clear fingernail polish. Backup samples, library samples, permanent sample slides, and Hyrax-mounted diatom slides are being stored and maintained at the U.S. EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas. ------- EXAMINATION The phytoplankton samples were examined with the aid of binocular compound microscopes. A preliminary examination was performed to precisely Identify and 11st all forms encountered. The length of this examination varied depending on the complexity of the sample. An attempt was made to find and Identify all of the forms present 1n each sample. Often forms were observed which could not be Identified to species or to genus. Abbreviated descriptions were used to keep a record of these forms (e.g., lunate cell, blue-green filament, Navicula #1). Diatom slides were examined using a standard light microscope. If greater resolution was essential to accurately identify the diatoms, a phase-contrast microscope was used. After the species 11st was compiled, phytoplankton were enumerated using a Neubauer Counting Chamber with a 40x objective lens and a lOx ocular lens. All forms within each field were counted. The count was continued until a minimum of 100 fields had been viewed, or until the dominant form had been observed a minimum of 100 times. QUALITY CONTROL Internal quality control checks on species Identifications and counts were performed on a regular basis between project phycologists at the rate of 7 percent. Although an Individual had primary responsibility for analyzing a sample, taxonomlc problems were discussed among the phycologlsts. Additional quality control checks were performed on the Survey samples by Dr. G. W. Prescott of the University of Montana at the rate of 5 percent. Quality control checks were made on 75 percent of these samples to verify species Identifications while checks were made on the remaining 25 percent of the samples to verify genus counts. Presently, the agreement between quality control checks for species Identification and genus enumerations 1s satisfactory. ------- RESULTS The Appendix summarizes all of the phytoplankton data collected from the State by the Survey. It 1s organized by lake, Including an alphabetical phytoplankton species 11st with concentrations for Individual species given by sampling date. Results from the application of several Indices are presented (Nygaard's Trophic State, Palmer's Organic Pollution, and species diversity and abundance). Each lake has been assigned a four-digit STORET number. [STORET (STOrage and RETrleval) is the U.S. EPA's computer system which processes and maintains water quality data.] The first two digits of the STORET number Identify the State; the last two digits Identify the lake. NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES Five Indices devised by Nygaard (1949) were proposed under the assumption that certain algal groups are Indicative of levels of nutrient enrichment. These indices were calculated in order to aid in determining the surveyed lakes' trophic status. As a general rule, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, centric diatoms, and members of the Chlorococcales are found 1n waters that are eutrophlc (rich 1n nutrients), while desmids and many pennate diatoms generally cannot tolerate high nutrient levels and so are found 1n ollgotrophic waters (poor in nutrients). In applying the indices to the Survey data, the number of taxa in each major group was determined from the species 11st for each sample. The ratios of these groups give numerical values which can be used as a biological Index of water richness. The five indices and the ranges of values established for Danish lakes by Nygaard for each trophic state are presented 1n Table 2. The appropriate symbol, (E) eutrophlc and (0) ollgotrophic, follows each calculated value in the tables 1n the Appendix. A question mark (?) was entered in these tabfes when the calculated value was within the range of both classifications. ------- Table 2. Nygaard's Trophic State Indices adapted from HutcMnson (1967) Index Calculation OUgotropMc EutropMc Myxophycean Myxophyceae Desmldeae Chlorophycean Chlorococcales Desmldeae Diatom Centric Diatoms Pennate Diatoms Euglenophyte Euglenophyta Myxophyceae + Cnlorococcales Compound Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales + Centric Diatoms + Euglenophyta 0.0-0.4 0.0-0.7 0.0-0.3 0.0-0.2 0.0-1.0 0.1-3.0 0.2-9.0 0.0-1.75 0.0-1.0 1.2-25 Desmideae ------- PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES Palmer (1969) analyzed reports from 165 authors and developed algal pollution indices for use in rating water samples with high organic pollution. Two lists of organic pollution-tolerant forms were prepared, one containing 20 genera, the other, 20 species (Tables 3 and 4). Each form was assigned a pollution index number ranging from 1 for moderately tolerant forms to 6 for extremely tolerant forms. Palmer based the index numbers on occurrence records and/or where emphasized by the authors as being especially tolerant of organic pollution. Table 3. Algal Genus Pollution Index (Palmer 1969) Anacystis AnkistrodesmuB Ch lamydomonas Chlorella CloBterium Cyclotella Euglena Gomphonema Lepocinclis Melosira Pollution Index 1 2 4 3 1 1 5 1 1 1 Micractinium Naviaula Nitzechia Oecillatoria Pandorina Phacus Phormidium Scenedesmus Stigeoclonium Synedra Pollution Index 1 3 3 5 1 2 1 4 2 2 Table 4. Algal Species Pollution Index (Palmer 1969) Ankistrodesmua falcatue Arthpoapipa jenneri Chlopella vulgaris Cyclotella meneghiniana Euglena gracilie Euglena viridia Gomphonema parvulum Melosira variane Naviaula aryptocephala Nitzechia acioularis Pollution Index 3 2 2 2 1 6 1 2 1 1 Pollution Index Nitzschia palea 5 Oscillatoria chlorina 2 Osaillatoria limoaa 4 Oecillatoria princeps 1 Oscillatoria putrida. 1 Oscillatoria tenuis 4 Pandorina morwn 3 Scenedeemus quadricauda 4 Stigeoclonium tenue 3 Synedra ulna 3 ------- In analyzing a water sample, any of the 20 genera or species of algae present 1n concentrations of 50 per ml or more are recorded. The pollution Index numbers of the algae present are totaled, providing a genus score and a species score. Palmer determined that a score of 20 or more for either Index can be taken as evidence of high organic pollution, while a score of 15 to 19 1s taken as probable evidence of high organic pollution. Lower figures suggest that the organic pollution of the sample 1s not high, that the sample is not representative, or that some substance or factor Interfering with algal persistence 1s present and active. SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES "Information content" of biological samples 1s being used commonly by biologists as a measure of diversity. Diversity 1n this connection means the degree of uncertainty attached to the specific identity of any randomly selected Individual. The greater the number of taxa and the more equal their proportions, the greater the uncertainty, and hence, the diversity (Plelou 1966). There are several methods of measuring diversity, e.g., the formulas given by Brlllouin (1962) and Shannon and Weaver (1962). The method which is appropriate depends on the type of biological sample on hand. Plelou (1966) classifies the types of biological samples and gives the measure of diversity appropriate for each type. The Survey phytoplankton samples are what she classifies as larger samples (collections 1n Pielou's terminology) from which random subsamples can be drawn. According to Pielou (1966), the average diversity per individual for these types of samples can be estimated from the Shannon-Wiener formula (Shannon and Weaver 1962): S H = -Z P, log¥ P., 1=1 1 x 1 where P 1s the proportion of the 1th taxon 1n the sample, which is calculated from n^/N; n^ 1s the number of Individuals per ml of the 1th taxon, N is the total number of individuals per ml and S 1s the total number of taxa. However, Basharin (1959) and Plelou (1966) have pointed out that H calculated from the subsample 1s a biased estimator of the sample H, and if this bias 1s to be accounted for, we must know the total number of taxa present in the sample since the magnitude of this bias depends on 1t. ------- 10 Pielou (1966) suggests that 1f the number of taxa 1n the subsample falls only slightly short of the number 1n the larger sample, no appreciable error will result 1n considering S, estimated from the subsample, as being equal to the sample value. Even though considerable effort was made to find and Identify all taxa, the Survey samples undoubtedly contain a fair number of rare phytoplankton taxa which were not encountered. In the Shannon-Wiener formula, an Increase 1n the number of taxa and/or an Increase 1n the evenness of the distribution of Individuals among taxa will Increase the average diversity per Individual from its minimal value of zero. Sager and Hasler (1969) found that the richness of taxa was of minor Importance 1n determination of average diversity per individual for phytoplankton and they concluded that phytoplankton taxa in excess of the 10 to 15 most abundant ones have little effect on H, which was verified by our own calculations. Our counts are 1n number per ml and since logarithms to the base 2 were used 1n our calculations, H is expressed 1n units of bits per individual. When individuals of a taxon were so rare that they were not counted, a value of 1/130 per ml or 0.008 per ml was used 1n the calculations since at least one Individual of the taxon must have been present in the collection. A Survey sample for a given lake represents a composite of all phytoplankton collected at different sampling sites on a lake during a given sampling period. Since the number of samples (M) making up a composite 1s a function of both the complexity of the lake sampled and its size, it should affect the richness of taxa component of the diversity of our phytoplankton collections. The maximum diversity (MaxH) (i.e., when the Individuals are distributed among the taxa as evenly as possible) was estimated from Iog2 S, the total diversity (D) was calculated from HN, and the evenness component of diversity (J) was estimated from H/MaxH (Pielou 1966). Also given 1n the Appendix are L (the mean number of Individuals per taxa per ml) and K (the number of individuals per ml of the most abundant taxon 1n the sample). Zand (1976) suggests that diversity Indices be expressed in units of "sits", I.e., in logarithms to base S (where S is the total number of taxa 1n the sample) instead of in "bits", I.e., 1n logarithms to base 2. Zand points out that the diversity Index in sits per individual is a normalized number ranging from 1 for the most evenly distributed samples to 0 for the least evenly distributed samples. Also, 1t can be used to compare different samples, independent of the number of ------- 11 taxa 1n each. The diversity 1n bits per Individual should not be used in direct comparisons Involving various samples which have different numbers of species. Since MaxH equals log S, the expression 1n sits is equal to logs S or 1. Therefore diversity 1n sits per Individual is numerically equivalent to J, the evenness component for the Shannon- Wiener formula. SPECIES OCCURRENCE AND ABUNDANCE The alphabetic phytoplankton species 11st for each lake, presented 1n the Appendix, gives the concentrations of Individual species by sampling date. Concentrations are 1n cells, colonies, or filaments (CEL, COL, FIL) per ml. An "X" after a species name indicates the presence of the species on that date 1n such a low concentration that it did not show up in the count. A blank space indicates that the organism was not found 1n the sample collected on that date. Column S is used to designate the examiner's subjective opinion of the five dominant taxa 1n a sample, based upon relative size and concentration of the organism. The percent column (%C] presents, by abundance, the percentage composition of each taxon. ------- 12 LITERATURE CITED Basharin, G. P. 1959. On a statistical estimate for the entrophy of a sequence of Independent random variables, pp. 333-336. In N. Artin (ed.), Theory of Probability and Its Applications (translation of "Teorlya Veroyatnosel 1 ee Premenenlya") 4. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia. Brillouln, L. 1962. Science and Information Theory (2nd ed.). Academic Press, New York. 351 pp. Hutchlnson, G. E. 1967. A Treatise on Limnology. II. Introduction to Lake Biology and the Llmnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 1,115 pp. Nygaard, G. 1949. Hydroblologlcal studies of some Danish ponds and lakes. II. (K danske Vidensk. Selsk.) B1ol. Sc1. 7:293. Palmer, C. M. 1969. A composite rating of algae tolerating organic pollution. 0. Phycol. 5:78-82, Plelou, E. C. 1966. The measurement of diversity 1n different types of biological collections. J. Theor. B1ol. 13:131-144. Prescott, G. W. 1970. How to Know the Freshwater Algae. William C. Brown Company, Dubuque. 348 pp. Sager, P. E. and A. D. Hasler. 1969. Species diversity 1n laucustrlne phytoplankton. I. The components of the Index of diversity from Shannon's formula. Amer. Natur. 103(929): 51-59 Shannon, C. E. and W. Weaver. 1962. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. 117 pp. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1975. National Eutrophicatlon Survey Methods 1973-1976. Working Paper No. 175. Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Las Vegas, Nevada, and CorvalUs Environmental Research Laboratory, CorvalUs, Oregon. 91 PP. Zand, S. M. 1976. Indexes associated with Information theory 1n water quality. Journal WPCF. 48(8): 2026-2031. ------- 13 APPENDIX SUMMARY OF PHYTOPLANKTON DATA The Appendix format was computer generated. Because 1t was only possible to use upper case letters 1n the printout, all scientific names are printed in upper case and are not italicized. The alphabetic phytoplankton lists include taxa without species names (e.g., EUNOTIA, EUNOTIA #1, EUNOTIA ?, FLAGELLATE, FLAGELLATES, MICROSYSTIS INCERTA ?, CHLOROPHYTAN COCCOID CELLED COLONY). When species determinations were not possible, symbols or descriptive phrases were used to separate taxa for enumeration purposes. Each name on a -list, however, represents a unique species different from any other name on the same list, unless otherwise noted, for counting purposes. Numbers were used to separate unidentified species of the same genus. A generic name listed alone is also a unique species. A question mark (?) is placed immediately after the portion of a name which was assigned with uncertainty. Numbered, questioned, or otherwise designated taxa were established on a lake-by-lake basis; therefore NAVICULA #2 from lake A cannot be compared to NAVICULA #2 from lake B. Pluralized categories (e.g., FLAGELLATES, CENTRIC DIATOMS, SPP.) were used for counting purposes when taxa could not be properly differentiated on the counting chamber. ------- LAKE NAME: ARKA6UTLA R'ES. STOPET NUMBER: 2801 NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES DATE 06 13 73 08 28 73 11 01 73 MYXOPHYCEAN CHLOROPHYCEAN EUGLENOPHYTE DIATOM COMPOUND 02/0 E 01/0 E 1.33 E 02/0 E 09/0 E 03/0 E 02/0 E 1.20 E 5.00 E 16/0 E 3.00 E 1.00 E 1.25 E 3.00 E 12,0 E PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES DATE 06 13 73 08 28 73 11 01 73 GENUS SPECIES 06 00 02 00 06 00 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES DATE AVERAGE DIVERSITY NUMBER OF TAXA NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED MAXIMUM DIVERSITY TOTAL DIVERSITY TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML EVENESS COMPONENT MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON 06 13 73 08 28 73 11 01 73 H S M MAXH D N J L K 2.82 16.00 3.00 A. 00 2538. CO 900.00 0.71 56.25 232.00 2.46 24.00 3.00 4.53 2988.90 1215.00 0.54 50.63 633.00 3.27 17.00 3.00 4.09 1988.16 608.00 0.80 35.76 152.00 ------- LAKE NAME: ARKABUTLA RES. STORET NUMBER: 2801 CCNTINUED 06 13 73 08 28 73 11 01 73 TAXA ANABAENA CENTRIC DIATOM CLCSTERIUM #1 CRYPTOMONAS CRYPTOMONAS EROSA CRYPTCMGNAS REFLEXA CYANOPHYTAN FILAMENT CYCLCTELLA MENEGHINIANA CYCLGTELLA SPP. CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA CYMBELLA DACTYL CCCCCOPSIS DACTYLOCOCCOPSIS IRREGULARIS EUGLENA #1 EUGLENA ACUS EUGLENA GRACILIS FLAGELLATE #1 FLAGELLATE #9 GLENODINIUM OCULATUM GYMNCDINIUM ? GYMNODINIUM ORDINATUM LYNGBYA KALLCMCNAS ACAROIDES MELOSIRA DISTANS MELOSIPA GRANULATA MELOSIRA GRANULATA V. ANGUSTISSIMA MICRCCYSTIS INCERTA OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA PENNATE DIATOM PHACUS CAUDATUS PHACUS DENNISII ? FORM FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL FIL CEL CEL CEL S 2 I 3 5 4 *C 3.21 6.4 25.8 12.9 11.3 3.2 6.4 24.2 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 29 58 X 232 116 X 102 X X 29 58 218 S 3 5 1 4 *C 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 2.1 52.1 6.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 76 X 76 X X X X 76 X 76 25 X 633 76 X X X X S 2 5 1 4 3 *C 11.0 2.8 13.8 25.0 2.8 2.8 13.8 5.6 5.6 2.8 8.4 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 67 17 84 X 152 X 17 17 84 34 34 17 51 X ------- LAKE NAME: ARKABUTLA RES. STCRET NUMBER: 2801 CONTINUED 06 13 73 08 28 73 11 01 73 TAXA PTERCMONAS FTERCMCNAS ANGULCSA SCENEDESMUS OENTICULATUS SCENEDESMUS QUAORTCAUDA TETRAEORON MINIMUM V. SCROBICULATUM TRACHELOMONAS PULCHELLA TRACHELCMONAS URCEOLJTA TRACHELOMONAS VOLVCCINA TREUBARIA TRIAPPENCICULATA FORM CEL" CEL COL CCL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL s %c 6.4 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X 58 X S 2 %C 4.2 8.3 2.1 ALGAL UNITS PEP ML X 51 X 101 25 X S *c 2.8 2.8 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 17 17 X TOTAL 900 1215 608 CT> ------- LAKE NAME: ENID LAKE STORET NUMBER: 2802 NYGAARO TROPHIC STATE INDICES DATE 06 12 73 06 27 73 11 01 73 MYXOPHYCEAN CHLOROPHYCEAN EUGLENOPHYTE DIATOM COMPOUND 3.00 E 1.00 E 0.50 E 4.00 E 10. 0 E 1. 00 E 1.67 E 1.37 E 0.50 E 7.33 E 04/0 E 03/0 E 0.43 E 0.50 E 13/0 E PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES DATE 06 12 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 GENUS SPECIES 01 00 04 02 02 00 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES DATE 06 12 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 AVERAGE DIVERSITY NUMBER OF TAXA NUMBER CF SAMPLES CCMPOSITED MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH TOTAL DIVERSITY TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML EVENESS COMPONENT MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON H S M ;H D N J L K 3.14 16.00 3.00 4.00 1466.38 467.00 0.79 29.19 116.00 2.79 37.00 3.00 5.21 6439.32 2308.00 0.54 62.38 1124.00 2.23 23.00 3.00 4.52 5018.28 2201.00 0.50 95.70 1024.00 ------- LAKE NAME: ENID LAKE STCPET NUMBER: 2802 CONTINUED 06 12 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 TAXA ANABAENA ANKISTPODESMUS APHANIZCHENCN ? FLOS-AQUAE APHANIZCfENON FLCS-AGUAE CLOSTERIUM COELASTRUM PICROPORUM CRUCIGENIA TETRAPEDIA CPYPTQMCNAS CRYPTOMCNAS OVATA CRYPTOMONAS REFLEXA CYCLOTELLA MENEGHNIANA CYCLCTELLA STELLIGER* CYMBELLA CYST DACTYLOCOCCOPSIS IRREGULARIS EUASTRUM DENTICULATUN EUDORINA ELEGANS EUGLENA ? #2 EUGLENA (HI EUGLENA #3 EUGLENA 04 EUGLENA ACUS FLAGELLATE #1 LYNGBYA MALLCMCNAS ACAROIDES MELOSIRA DISTANS MELOSIRA GRANULATA NELOSIPA ITALICA MERISMOPEDIA TENUISSIMA KICRCCYSTIS INCERTA NAVICULA #1 NAVICULA ANGLICA V. SUBSALSA FORM FIT CEL FIL FIL CEL COL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL CEL CEL ALGAL UNITS S %C PEP ML 3 4 5 2 1 13.9 5.6 5.6 8.4 8.4 16.7 24.8 X 65 X 26 26 39 X X 39 78 X 116 ALGAL UNITS S *C PER ML 1 2 3 4 2.0 13.8 0.6 9.2 1.3 3.3 0.6 48.7 3.9 3.3 0.6 46 319 15 X 213 30 76 X X X 15 X X 1124 91 76 15 X ALGAL UNITS S *C PER ML 3 5 2 I 2.3 1.2 8.1 4.6 2.3 46.5 19.8 1.2 X 51 26 179 X 102 X 51 1024 435 26 X ------- LAKE NAME: ENID LAKE STCRET NUMBER: 2802 CONTINUED 06 12 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 TAXA NITZSCHIA NITZSCHIA #1 NITZSCHIA TRYBLICNELLA ? CFHIOCYTIUM CAPITATUM OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA PAKDORINA PROTUBERANS PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX V. GRACILIMUM PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX V. RETICULATUM PENNATE DIATOMS PERIDINIUM INCONSPICUUM PERIDINIUM PENARCIFORME PHACUS PHACUS GLABER PHACUS LCNGICAUDA PHACUS PLEURONECTES PINNULARIA BRAUNII V. AMPHICEPHALA PINNULARIA SUBCAPITATA V. PAUCISTRIATA PTERCMCNAS ANGULCSA SCENEDESMUS DENT1CULATUS SCENEDESMUS QUADRICAUDA STAURASTRUM TETRACERUM SURIRELLA SYNEDRA SYNEDRA #1 SYNEDRA ACUS TETRAEDRON REGULARE V. INCUS TRACHELCMONAS FORM CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL COL COL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL S ?C 2.8 2.8 5.6 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 13 • 13 26 S 5 %C 0.6 0.6 0.6 2.0 0.6 2.6 3.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 15 15 X 15 46 X X X X X 15 X 61 76 X X S 4 *C 13.9 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X X X 307 X X X X X X ------- LAKE NAME: ENID LAKE STORET NUMBER: 2802 CONTINUED TAXA TRACHELCMONAS TRACHELOMONAS TRAOELOMONAS TRACHELOMONAS 06 12 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 INTERMEDIA PULCHELLA URCEOLATA VCLVCCINA FORM clt " CEL CEL CEL S %C 1 I 5.6 1 1 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 1 1 26 1 1 ALGAL UNITS S *C PER ML 1 1.3| 30 1 1 I 0.6| 15 1 1 X 1 1 IS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALGAL UNITS *C PER ML 1 1 1 1 TOTAL 467 2308 2201 ------- LAKE NAME: ROSS BURNETT RES. STOPET NUMBER: 2804 NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES DATE 06 14 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 MYXOPHYCEAN 06/0 F 4.00 E 2.25 E CHLOROPHYCEAN 07/0 E 3.50 E 3.75 E EUGLENOPHYTE 0.38 E 0.33 E 0.12 ? DIATOM 6.00 E 0.60 E 0.50 E COMPOUND 24/0 E 11.5 E 7.75 E PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES DATE 06 14 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 GENUS SPECIES 01 00 07 00 22 04 ro SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES AVERAGE DIVERSITY NUMBER OF TAXA NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITE? MAXIMUM DIVERSITY TOTAL DIVERSITY TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML EVENESS COMPONENT MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON DATE 06 14 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 H S M MAXH D N J L K 2.21 32.00 4.00 5.00 2934.88 1328.00 0.44 41.50 865.00 2.42 36.00 4.00 5.17 14435.30 5965.00 0.47 165.69 2419.00 4.13 54.00 4.00 5.75 33147.38 8026.00 0.72 148.63 1569.00 ------- LAKE NAME: ROSS 8ARNETT RES STORET NUMBER: 2804 CONTINUED 06 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 TAXA ANABAENA ANABAENA ? #2 ANABAENA #1 ANABAENCPSIS ANKISTRODESMUS ANKISTPODESMUS ? APHANIZCMENCN FLCS-AQUAE ATTHEYA CHLAPYDCMCNAS CHLCROGCNIUK CHLOFOPHYTAN COCCOID CELL COELASTPUM MICROPORUM CCELASTRUM RETICULATUM COSMARIUM CRUCIGENIA CRUCIGENIA CRYPTOMONAS CRYFTCMCNAS CRYPTOMONAS V. REFLEXA CRYPTOMONAS OVATA CRYPTOMONAS REFLEXA ? CYCLOTELLA MENEGKINIANA CYCLCTELLA SPP. CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA CYMBELLA DACTYLOCCCCOPSIS DINOBRYON BAVARICUM EPIThEMIA EUASTRUM EUGLENA EUGLENA #1 FORM FIL FIL FIL CEL CEL FENES^RATA TETRAPEDIA EROS A EROSA CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL CEL COL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL s 5 3 *C 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 4.0 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 18 X 18 18 18 18 53 X X S 4 *C 3.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 3.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X 194 16 16 X 32 32 194 X X S 1 2 4 35C 3.0 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 3.5 5.3 19.5 2.11 0.3| 0.2| ALGAL UNITS PER ML 244 X 51 X X 26 39 51 283 X X 424 X 1569 167 X 26 13 ro ro ------- LAKE NAME: ROSS EARNETT RES, STORET NUMBER: 2904 CONTINUED 06 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 TAXA EUGLENA #2 EUGLENA GRACILIS FLAGELLATE #1 FLAGELLATE #7 FRANCEIA DROESCHERI FRANCEIA QUACRISETA GLENODINIUM OCULATUM GOLENKINIA GOLENKIMA RAOIATA GOMPHONEKA ANGUSTATUM GYMNODINIUM GYMNODINIUN OROINATUM GYROSIGMA ? KIRCHNERIELLA KIRCHNERIELLA CCNTOPTA LYNGBYA LYNGBYA LIMNET1CA MALLCMCNAS KALLCMCNAS ACAROIOES MELOSIRA MELOSIRA OISTANS MELOSIPA GRANULATA MELOSIPA GRANULATA V. ANGLSTISSIMA MELOSIRA ITAL1CA MERISMOPEDIA TENUISSIMA MICROCYSTIS MICRCCYSTIS MICROCYSTIS NAVICULA NAVICULA #1 NAVICULA #2 AERUGTNOSA INCERTA FORM CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL COL COL CEL CEL CEL S 1 *C 4.0 1.4 5.3 65.1 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 53 18 X 71 865 X X X Q " S 3 5 *C 0.8 0.3 0.8 6.8 3.51 0.3 2.4 0.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 48 X X X 16 X 48 X X 403 210 16 145 16 X 1 X 1 x S 3 5 *C 9.0 - 0.3 0.5 0.3 7.1 4.0 0.2 12.0 1.9 4.8 9.1 1.9 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 720 26 39 26 566 322 13 X 965 154 386 X 733 154 ro CO ------- LAKE NAME: ROSS BARNETT RES, STORE! NUMBER: 2804 CONTINUED 06 14 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 TAXA NITZSCHIA NITZSCHIA NITZSCHIA NITZSCHIA NITZSCHIA ACICULARIS HOLS AT 1C A PALEA SPP. OSCILLATORIA OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA PANDORINA PROTUBERANS PEDIASTPUM PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX V. CLATHRATUM PEDIASTPUM DUPLEX V. RETICULATUM PERIDINIUM INCONSPICUUM PHACUS CURVICAUDA RAPHIDIOPSIS ? CURVATA SCENEDESMUS ABUNDANS SCENEDESMUS SCENEDESMUS SCENEDESMUS SCENEDESMUS SCENEDESMUS SPHAEROCYSTIS SPIRULINA STAURASTRUM #1 STAURASTRUM #2 STEPHANODISCUS SURIRELLA SYNEDRA SYNURA ? TETRAEDPCN CAUDATUM V. LCNGISPINUM BICALDATUS BIJUCA DENTICULATUS DIMORPHUS QUADRICAUDA SCHROETERI FORM CEL" CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL FIL COL COL COL COL CEL CEL FIL COL COL COL COL COL COL COL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL 1C 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.6 5.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X 18 18 X 18 X 35 X X X 71 X S 1 2 1C 0.5 40.6 0.3 0.5 34.1 0.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 32 2419 16 32 X 2032 16 X S *C 3.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.3 1.9 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.6 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X X 257 77 26 X 13 51 142 77 26 154 13 X 51 X 13 51 ro ------- LAKE NAME: ROSS EARNETT RSS, STCRET NUMBER: 2804 CONTINUED TAXA TETRAEDRON MUTICUM TRACHELCMCNAS TRACHELCMONAS INTERMEDIA TRAOELCMONAS PULCHELLA TRACHELCMONAS URCEOLATA TRACHELCMONAS VOLVOCINA TOTAL FORM C?T CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL 06 73 08 27 73 11 02 73 ALGAL UNITS S ?C PER ML 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1 ! 4| 1.4| 18 1 1 X 1328 S *C 0.5 ALGAL UNITS PEP ML 32 5965 S ALGAL UNITS *C PER ML 0.3| 26 1 1 0.3| 26 1 0.3| 26 8026 ro en ------- LAKE NAME: SARDIS LAKE STOPET NUMBER: 2805 NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES DATE 06 13 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 MYXOPHYCEAN CHLOROPHYCEAN EUGLENOPHYTE DIATCM CCMPCUND 02/0 E 01/0 E 0.33 E 1.33 E 08/0 E 2.00 E 0/01 0 1.50 E 3.00 E 8.00 E 2.50 E 1.50 E 0.25 E 1.25 E 7.50 E PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES DATE 06 13 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 GENUS SPECIES 01 00 01 00 04 00 ro SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES AVERAGE DIVERSITY NUMBER OF TAXA NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED MAXIMUM DIVERSITY TOTAL DIVERSITY TCTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML EVENESS COMPONENT MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIOUALS/TAXA NUMBER/ML CF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON DATE 06 13 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 H S M MAXH D N J L K 1.05 16.00 4.00 4.00 3535.35 3367.00 0.26 210.44 2782.00 1.33 15.00 4.00 3.91 2276.96 1712.00 0.34 114.13 1289.00 1.79 29.00 4.00 4.86 4390.87 2453.00 0.37 84.59 1699.00 ------- LAKE NAME: SARDIS LAKE STCRET NUMBER: 2805 CCNTINUED 06 13 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 TAXA ANABAENA ANABAENA PLANCTONTCA ANKISTRODESMUS FALCATUS CENTRIC DIATOM CERATIUF HIRUNDINELLA CHLOPOPHYTAN COLONY CLCSTERIUM CRYPTOMONAS CRYPTOMCNAS CRYPTOMONAS CYANOPHYTAN CYANOPHYTAN #1 REFLEXA COCCOID CELLED COLONY FILAMENT CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA CYMBELLA DINOBRYCN BAVARICUM EUASTRUM EUGLENA EUGLENA #1 FLAGELLATE #1 FLAGELLATE #2 FLAGELLATE #9 FLAGELLATES LAGERHEINIA LEPOCINeLI? LYNGBYA LIMNETICA 1 KALLCMCNAS MELOSIRA OISTANS NELOSIPA GRANULATA MELCSIRA GRANULATA V. ANGLSTISSIMA PELOSIRA ITALICA NAVICULA FORM FIL FIL CEL CEL CEL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL S 2 3 4 1 %C 0.9 0.4 6.1 5.6 2.6 82.6 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X 29 X 15 X 205 X X ' 190 88 2782 S 3 4 1 5 2 *C 5.9 4.7 75.3 2.3 9.4 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X 101 81 . X 1289 40 X 161 S 3 5 2 4 1 *C 4.9 0.7 6.3 0.7 0.7 69.3 1.4 4.2 7.7 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X X X 120 X X X 17 154 17 X 17 X X 1699 X X 34 103 189 X X ------- LAKE NAME: SARDIS LAKE STCRET NUMBER: 2805 CONTINUED 06 13 73 08 27 73 11 01 73 TAXA CSCILLATOPIA LIMMETICA PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX V. RETICULATUM ? PENNJTE DIATOMS PERIDINIUM INCONSPICUUM PERIDINIUM UMBONATUM ? PHACUS ORBTCULARIS ? RHIZOSOLENIA SCHRCEDERIA SETIGERA STEPHANODISCUS SYNE OR A SYNEDRA #1 TABELLARIA FEME STRATA TRACHELCMONAS DUBIA ? TCTAL FORM ^m^^-^^m FIL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL s 5 %C 1.3 0.4 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X 43 15 X 3367 1 IS *c 2.3 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X X X 40 X 1712 S ZC 0.7 0.7 2.8 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X 17 X 17 69 2453 ro CO ------- LAKE NAME: GRENADA LAKE STCRET NUMBER: 2806 NYGAARD TRCPHIC STATE INDICES DATE 06 14 73 08 29 73 11 02 73 MYXOPHYCEAN CHLOROPHYCEAN EUGLENOPHYTE DIATOM COMPOUND 02/0 E 0/0 0 0/02 ? 1.50 E 05/0 E 5.00 E 4.00 E 0.56 E 2.50 E 19.0 E 06/0 E 0/0 0 0.93 E 2.00 E 17/0 E PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES DATE 06 14 73 08 29 73 11 02 73 GENUS SPECIES 01 00 01 00 01 00 ro SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES AVERAGE DIVERSITY NUMBER OF TAXA NUMBER QF SAMPLES COMPOSITED MAXIMUM DIVERSITY TOTAL DIVERSITY TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML EVENESS COMPONENT OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA MOST ABUNDANT TAXCN DATE MEAN NUMBER NUMBER/ML OF 06 14 73 08 29 73 11 02 73 H S M MAXH 0 N J L K 1.95 9.00 3.00 3.17 2591.55 1329.00 0.62 147.67 772.00 2.77 28.00 3.00 4.81 1282.51 463.00 0.58 16.54 141.00 1.52 27.00 3.00 4.75 3734.64 2457.00 0.32 91.00 1796.00 ------- LAKE NAME: GRENACA LAKE STCPET NUMBER: 2805 CONTINUED 06 14 73 08 28 73 11 02 73 TAXA ANABAENA #2 ANABAEN/ PLANCTONICA ANKI STRODE SMUS CRYPTOMONAS CPYPTQMCNAS OVATA CYCLOTELLA MENEGHINIANA CYCLOTELLA STELL1GERA CYMBELLA DINCBRYON BAVARICUM DINOFLAGELLATE CYST EUGLENA #1 EUGLENA GRACIL1S EUGLENA CXYURIS FLAGELLATE #1 GLENODINIUM OCULATUM ? GLENOOINIUK PENAPOIFORME GYMNODINIUM ORDINATUH KIRCHNERIELLA CCNTOPTA LYNGBYA HALLCMCNAS ACAROIOES MELOSIRA #4 OISTANS GRANULATA GRANULATA V. ANGUSTISSIMA MELOSIRA ITALICA MERISMOPEDIA TENUISSIMA PICPOCYSTIS AERUCINOSA NTTZSCHIA ? NITZSCHIA ACICULARIS OSCILLATORIA fELOSIRA MELOSIRA PELOSIPA MELOSIRA FORM FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL FIL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL CEL CEL FIL s ~5~ 11 3 4 2 *C 1 4.2 15.91 0.9 11.4 ' . 3.5 4.2 58.1 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 1 56 211 12 X 152 47 56 772 S 3 2 1 4 5 ?C ~~2l2~ 13.2 2.2 26.1 2.2 4.3 30.5 6.5 8.6 ALGAL UNITS PER ML _, -- X X 61 X 10 X X X 121 X 10 20 141 30 X 40 X X S ^ 3 5 2 1 ?C "oTs 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 15.8 73.1 0.4 1.6 0.4 ALGAL UNITS PER ML 19~ X X 49 10 19 X 19 X 19 10 10 X X 10 388 1796 10 X 39 10 ------- LAKE NAME: GRENACA LAKE STCRET NUMBER: 2806 CONTINUED 06 14 73 08 28 11 02 73 TAXA OSCILLATORIA LIMCSA PANDCRIKA NCRUM PENNATE DIATOM PENN/TE DIATOMS PHACUS CAUCATUS PHACLS SUECICUS ? PINNULARIA BRAUNII V. AMPHICEPHALA PTERCMONAS SCENEDESPUS DENTICULATUS V. LINEARIS SPHAEROCYSTIS SCHROETERI STAURASTRUM LEPTCCLADUM TRACHELOMONAS INTERMEDIA TRACHELCMONAS PULCHELLA TRACHELCMONAS URCEOLATA TRACHELCMONAS VOLVOCINA FORM FIL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL COL COL CEL CEL CEL CEL CEL S %C 1.7 ALGAL UNITS PEP ML 23 - ' S *C 2.2 2.2 ALGAL UNITS PER ML X X X 10 X X X X 10 S ?C 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 ALGAL UNITS PEP ML 10 19 X 10 X 10 TOTAL 1329 463 2457 ------- |