SWRHL-80r MANAGEMENT HISTORY OF THE AEC BEEF HERD 1 JUNE 1964 - 1 JUNE 1969 by Donald D. Smith, D.V.M. Radiological Research Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welare Public Health Service Environmental Health Service March 1970 This study performed under a Memorandum of Understanding (No. SF 54 373) for the U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION ------- SWRHL-80r MANAGEMENT HISTORY OF THE AEC BEEF HERD 1 JUNE 1964 - 1 JUNE 1969 by Donald D. Smith, D.V.M. Radiological Research Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare Public Health Service Environmental Health Service Environmental Control Administration Bureau of Radiological Health March 1970 This surveillance performed under a Memorandum of Understanding (No. SF 54 373) for the U.S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION ------- ABSTRACT From June 1, 1964 to June 1, 1969, the Atomic Energy Commission's (AEC) beef herd has been maintained on the Nevada Test Site (NTS) by the Public Health Service's Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory (SWRHL). The herd is used to determine the uptake and retention of various radionuclides and to provide background information regarding various inquiries and possible legal claims from off-site ranchers. This report covers the history, animal husbandry, production and sampling program for the herd during the last five years that it has been managed by the SWRHL. ------- TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT i LIST OF FIGURES iii LIST OF TABLES iii I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. HISTORY 2 III. BEEF HERD MANAGEMENT 3 A. Animal Husbandry 3 B. Identification and Record System 5 C. Reproduction and Production 5 D. Losses, Transfers, and Purchases 6 IV. HERD UTILIZATION 9 A. The Surveillance and Sacrifice Program 9 B. Special Studies 11 V. SUMMARY 12 REFERENCES APPENDICES DISTRIBUTION ------- LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES FIGURE Page 90 1. Comparison of Sr in Bones of Bighorn Sheep, Deer, and Cattle 10 TABLE 1. Herd Sires ------- I. INTRODUCTION In the spring of 1956, the Assistant Manager for Test Operations, Albuquerque Operations Office, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission authorized the formation of the AEC beef herd to be grazed on the Nevada Test Site as a part of the Off-Site Animal Investi- gation Project. This project was under the direction of an Army veterinarian who was assigned this detail by the Division of Military Application. On June 1, 1964, the Nevada Operations Office, AEC, transferred responsibility for the project and beef herd to the Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory (SWRHL). This report covers the management and animal hus- bandry of the herd from June 1, 1964 to June 1, 1969. ------- II. HISTORY The beef herd was originally established to enhance relationships between NTS Operations and off-site ranchers through an investi- gative project of mutual interest. Of more importance, however, is the collection and documentation of data concerning the uptake and retention of radionuclides in the tissues of these animals. The management records and analytical results are used as back- ground information during investigation of various claims, com- plaints, and inquiries arising among livestock raisers, wildlife management personnel, and other groups concerned with animal welfare. The original herd consisted of 42 grade Hereford cattle, (14 cows, 14 yearlings, and 14 calves) purchased in October of 1957. In June of 1958 a Hereford bull was purchased and in September 1958 ten more grade Herefords (3 cows, 4 two-year-old heifers, and 3 calves) were added to the herd. All cows were purchased from local ranchers within 30 miles of the NTS. With the exception of annual additions of replacement herd sires, no new cattle have been introduced to the herd since 1958. Prior to 1965 the herd was grazed on Bald Mountain in the summer months and spent the fall, winter, and spring months on Frenchman Flats, Yucca Flats, Papoose Lake, or a combination of the three areas1. A semiannual sampling program was conducted in which five animals were sacrificed each May and November. At each sacrifice a mature cow, a three-year-old, a two-year-old, a yearling, and a calf were selected. Details of the animals husbandry, sacri- ficing program and analytical results for the period 1957-1961 have been published. ------- III. BEEF HERD MANAGEMENT A. Animal Husbandry When the SWRHL assumed management responsibility, the herd consisted of 87 animals which were grazing on Yucca Flat. As range conditions were poor and the cattle were often a traffic hazard, tftejrwere moved to the Well 3 corrals while a new grazing area was located. In order to have a more manageable herd 44 animals were declared surplus and transferred to the University of Nevada at Reno on October 8, 1964. On February 7, 1968, the remainder of the herd was moved to Area 18 where they and their descendents have remained ever since. The herd now consists of 33 mature cows, 2 bulls, 8 mature steers, 26 yearling animals and 32 calves. A complete census of the herd is presented in Appendix I. The Area 18 range consists of over 13,000 acres and has six major plant communities which furnish food for the (2) cattle. ' The six plant communities are: Black sage- brush; big sagebrush; desert shrub; grass; Russian thistle; and buckwheat. The cattle eat plants from all of these communities but prefer the big sagebrush, grass, and desert shrub communities. The shrubs, grasses, and forbs of the area supply all roughage. However, during the winter months cottonseed oil meal is fed as a protein supplement. This is fed with trace mineralized salt in a 2:1 or 3:1 ratio. The Area 18 range is classified as semi-arid. The annual precipitation varies from 4 to 12 inches and occurs mostly ------- during the fall and winter months. Rains are usually highly localized so the monthly precipitation may vary considerably from areas within Area 18. Snowfalls of up to one foot may occur during the winter, however, snow does not remain on the ground for over a week at a time. Temperatures are extreme. Seasonal fluctua- tions commonly vary between 10°F and 100 F- Overgrazing is prevented by periodically changing the location of the watering tanks. The beef cattle are allowed to range at will, subject to the availability of water. As there is no permanent natural source of water in the area, water is trucked to the cattle from Well 8. The beef herd is corralled five or six times each year. The animals are identified, weighed, inspected for disease conditions and treated if necessary. At each roundup they are sprayed with an insecticide for fly, lice, and tick control. In 1964, a horse was purchased to aid in the roundups. However, because of the vast area and rough terrain of Area 18 grazing lands, occasionally groups of cattle have not been found. In this case the U. S. Air Force has flown helicopter flights in order to locate these animals. As a result, there have been only three animals in five years that have not been found. On August 3, 1965, the entire breeding herd was tested for brucellosis, leptospirosis, and anaplasmosis. The results were negative. ------- B. Identification and Record System An identification and record system was developed which insured that each animal is individually identified. A block of numbers from 500 through 999 was reserved for the beef herd. When an animal is born or purchased it is assigned the next chronological number. This number is permanently retired when the animal leaves the herd. The number is tattooed in the left ear, and a neck chain with a plastic numeral tag or brisket tag is attached to the animal. As an aid to rapid identification from a distance, animals have been branded (both thermally and cryo- genically) on the left hip. In addition to the identi- fication numbers, each animal is heat branded with the letters "AEC" on the left rib cage. This brand is registered with the State of Nevada. An individual file is established for each animal, and a record form was developed (see Appendix II) on which information as to date of birth, sire, dam, breedings, description, sicknesses, treatments, weights, disposition, etc., is recorded. In addition each file contains individual production records, pedigrees, brand inspection slips, necropsy protocol, and any other pertinent papers. C. Reproduction and Production The beef cows are pasture bred by two registered bulls. One is introduced into the herd around the 1st of June and the other around the 1st of July. They remain with the herd through August when they are returned to Well 3. Most of the calves are born between late March and May 1. ------- Each year a bull is sacrificed and a replacement bull is obtained by purchase or barter. Therefore, each bull remains in the herd for only two breeding seasons to minimize inbreeding. This pasture method of breeding has worked well as the percentage of calves born from sexually mature animals was 73% in 1966, (only one bull in the herd during the season of 1965) 96% in 1967, 96% in 1968, and 96% in 1969. The average calving percentage for Southern Nevada is 59% as reported in a 1965 survey (3] conducted by Leroy Rogersv ' of the University of Nevada. Most ranchers practice year around calving, i.e., the herd sires are in the herd all year. During June, the baby calves are usually dehorned, castrated, identified with an ear tattoo, neck chain, or brisket tag. The calves are transported to Well 3 for weaning when they are 150-180 days old. The calves are maintained at Well 3 a month before they are are returned to the range. While there, they are branded with the AEC brand and are immunized against blackleg, malignant edema and shipping fever. The cryogenic identification brands are also applied at this time. The average weaning weight in 1967 was 392 pounds and in 1968 was 377 pounds. No weights are available for the earlier years. The average weaning weight of calves for the Southern Nevada area as reported by Mr. Rogers is 354 pounds. D. Losses, Transfers, and Purchases Herd losses from natural causes have been minimal. Three animals have disappeared without trace and the ------- bodies of three other animals have been found. Of these, one calf was killed by a motor vehicle and two aged animals died from undetermined causes. The latter were in advanced stages of decay when found so no necropsy was performed. In addition, four calves have died from tympanites while being weaned. The high calving percentage and low death rate have resulted in a herd that is larger than is needed in order to supply the animals that are sacrificed each year. On two occasions the herd has been reduced by declaring certain animals surplus. The first time was on October 8, 1964, as previously stated. On August 17, 1967, another 40 animals were transferred to the University (Appendix III) Before shipment, each animal underwent a complete physical examination, blood samples were drawn for complete cell count, and fecal and blood samples were collected for radioanalysis. A health certificate was issued for each animal and the brands were inspected. These records are kept on file for background information and possible use in case of inquiries and litigation. The only purchases that have been made since 1964 have been for herd sires. A registered Hereford bull is obtained each year as shown in Table 1. These animals are either purchased or obtained in barter for excess animals. Table 1. Herd Sires Bull # 508 509 510 Date of Procurement 22 April 65 29 August 65 29 June 67 Source of Bull U of Nevada at Reno U of Nevada at Reno Lee Livestock Remarks Purchased Purchased Purchased Date Sacrificed 30 May 67 19 October 67 8 October 68 Company Elko, Nevada ------- Table 1. Herd Sires cont'd Date of Source Bull # Procurement of Bull Remarks Date Sacrificed 511 27 October 67 U of Nevada Barter for In the herd at Reno six surplus dairy animals 512 30 October 68 U of Nevada Barter for In the herd at Reno surplus ------- IV. HERD UTILIZATION A. The Surveillance and Sacrifice Program Area 18, until recent years, was used for atmospheric nuclear testing. Three detonation sites are within the herd's normal grazing pattern. These sites are: (1) Little Feller II, detonated July 7, 1962, (2) Johnny Boy, detonated July 11, 1962, and (3) Little Feller I, detonated July 17, 1962. Prior to 1962, numerous atmospheric tests were conducted around the periphery of the grazing area, primarily on the southern and western edges. The grazing area was also in the fallout pattern of Project Buggy, detonated March 12, 1968, and is frequently in the effluent pattern of the nuclear reactors tested at Jackass Flats. It is readily seen that this herd grazes in an area with a much higher probability of contamination as compared to off-site ranges. Under present procedures, six animals (3 mature and 3 young) are sacrificed in May or June and again in October or November of each year. Appendix IV lists all sacrificed animals. Each sacrificed animal is necropsied and a detailed protocol is completed and placed in the permanent file. If any gross abnormalities are found they are noted. Tissue samples are collected, perserved, and prepared for histopathologic exami- nation. Tissues sampled are heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thyroid, eye, spinal cord, and any grossly abnormal tissue. Additional tissue samples are occasionally collected for special studies. These tissues are then examined by Board certified veterinary pathologists. To date no patho- logy has been reported that could be attributable to ionizing radiation. ------- In addition to the specimens collected for histopathological examination, selected samples are collected for radioanalysis. Samples include abomasum contents, abomasum tissue, femur, liver, lung tips, muscle, rumen contents, and thyroid. Additional samples are collected for 40 54 special studies. Gamma spectroscopy is routinely ran for K, Mn, 85Sr, 106Ru, 137Cs, 140Ba, and 144Ce. In addition, radiochemistry 90 239 is performed to determine levels of Sr and occasionally Pu. The detailed analytical results of the samples collected at each sacrifice are reported in the progress reports published by the Animal Investigation Program at SWRHL. (4) In general, radioactivity levels have been at or near background, except for I in samples collected immediately following a Plowshare cratering experiment or a foreign atmospheric test. Levels of the longer lived isotopes have had a downward trend since the cessation of atmospheric testing. 90 Figure 1 shows a comparison of Sr in three meat producing ruminants over the period 1956-1969. 90 Figure 1. Comparison of Sr in Bones of Bighorn Sheep, Deer, and Cattle SHEEP -- FROM SHEEP RANGE (NE S E of NTS) DEER • FROM SHEEP RANGE & NTS CATTLE- FROM NTS ONLY 1956 1957 1958 19 = • = = M = a = 5 1966 1967 1966 196' 10 ------- To date, the data collected indicate that the levels of external radiation and radionuclides in various tissues have not been high enough to affect the beef herd. Special Studies In addition to the beef herd, the SWRHL maintains five mature Hereford steers that have permanent rumen fistulas These animals are placed on the beef range one day a month. At the end of the day, an ingesta sample is collected from each animal and the sample is analyzed for its radionuclide content, nutritional value, and botanical content. This information is used in deter- mining the radionuclide uptake of the beef herd and in planning efficient range use. In cooperation with the University of Nevada, at Reno, a forage intake and digestability study was conducted utilizing the fistulated steers. The study period covered one winter and two summers. The results of the study were presented in the Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science. ' 11 ------- V. SUMMARY The AEC beef herd has been maintained on the Area 18 range in a manner similar to that utilized by most area ranchers. Slightly better management has been practiced, i.e., water is supplied adjacent to the grazing area, grazing areas are rotated, an adequate number of bulls are provided during a concentrated breeding season, insect control measures are used, and protein supplement is provided in the winter time. This somewhat intensified management has resulted in near 100% calf crops and heavy weaning weights. The periodic surveillance of the herd has revealed no adverse health, reproduction, or genetic effects resulting from the environment in which these animals live. Of more scientific value are the data that have been compiled as to the concentrations of the various nuclides found in the selected tissues sampled and how they are related to the plant species in- gested. These concentrations can often be traced to specific events or releases. 12 ------- REFERENCES 1. Fountain, E. L. Off-site Animal Investigation Project. Fourth Annual Report. (June 30, 1961) 2. Brown, K. W. and B. J. Mason. Range Survey, Area 18, Nevada Test Site. SWRHL-52. (December 1968) 3. Rogers, L. F. Characteristics of the range cattle industry in Nevada, Region I, Southern Nevada. Publication No. B5. Max C. Fleischmann College of Agriculture. University of Nevada. (September 1965) 4. Progress Report of the Animal Investigation Program - June 1, 1964 through December 31, 1965 - Part II - Routine Bovine Sampling Studies. BER-8. (December 28, 1967) 5. Annual Report for 1968 - Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory. 6. Smith, T. M., A. L. Lesperance, V. R. Bohman, R. A. Brechbill, and K. W. Brown. Intake and digestability of forages grazed by cattle on a Southern Nevada range. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science. Vol 19. (1968) 13 ------- LIST OF APPENDICES Page APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 1* APPENDIX II. Individual Life Record - USPHS Beef Herd 19 APPENDIX III. Surplus animals transferred to University of Nevada 21 APPENDIX IV. List of animals sacrificed for Animal Investigation Program 23 ------- APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 Animal No. Nineteen ( 548 549 550 554 557 564 566 567 571 572 574 575 580 583 587 590 593 595 596 Seven (7) 602 604 607 609 612 614 618 Year of Birth 19) cows four 1962 1963 1964 1962 1964 1961 1961 1963 1957 1964 1957 1963 1964 1964 1964 1964 1965 1965 1965 Weight (kg) years old and older 362 356 373 383 326 324 319 328 482 398 350 339 266 346 386 301 346 444 344 Breed Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford 1969 Calf # Calf not matched 703 681 Calf not matched 688 685 699 682 692 Calf not matched 707 Calf not matched Calf not matched 691 690 Calf not matched 697 689 698 3-year-old cows 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 286 313 290 333 277 377 328 Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford 686 696 Calf not matched Calf not matched Calf not matched 687 693 14 ------- APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 cont'd Year of Animal No. Birth Weight (kg) Breed 1969 Calf # Seven (7) 2-year-old heifers 629 636 638 640 645 647 648 Two (2) 603 615 Six (6) 628 631 635 639 644 in Twelve 650 651 654 655 660 661 663 664 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 3-year-old steers 1966 1966 2-year-old steers 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 (12) yearling heifers 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 317 326 281 329 319 275 342 434 362 402 364 421 408 375 379 212 230 212 179 250 217 243 192 Hereford Hereford Hereford Calf Hereford Calf Hereford Calf Hereford Calf Hereford Calf Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford-Hoi stei Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford 705 683 not matched not matched not matched not matched not matched n Cross 15 ------- APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 cont'd Animal No 666 668 670 671 Fourteen 649 653 656 657 658 659 662 667 669 673 674 675 676 677 Thirteen 679 682 684 692 693 694 695 698 Year of Birth 1968 1968 1968 1968 Weight (kg) 210 208 217 217 Breed 1969 Calf # Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford (14) yearling steers 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 (13) 1969 heifer 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 254 268 174 196 212 203 217 Observed but 192 217 252 228 221 201 calves 77 52 38 102 61 89 71 75 Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford not corralled Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford 16 ------- APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 cont'd Year of Animal No. Birth 699 703 706 708 710 Nineteen (19) 680 681 683 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 696 697 700 701 702 704 705 707 709 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 steer 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1961 1969 1969 1969 1969 Weight (kg) Breed Remarks 96 89 67 73 39 calves 77 94 78 89 70 67 73 67 55 61 58 69 57 67 79 63 74 50 69 Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Tattooed 807 Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford 17 ------- APPENDIX I. Census of beef herd - May 22, 1969 cont'd Year of Animal No. Birth Two (2) breeding bulls 511 11 Mar 64 512 17 Mar 65 Weight (kg) Not weighed Not weighed Breed Remarks Registered Hereford Registered Hereford The following animals were not observed at this roundup: 558 - 6-year-old cow - last seen June 1968. 625 - 2-year-old heifer - last seen June 1968. 672 - 1-year-old steer - on range November 7, 1968. In addition 610, a 3-year-old cow, has not been observed for nearly two years so it is presumed to be dead. ------- APPENDIX II. INDIVIDUAL LIFE RECORD USPHS BEEF HERD I.D.NO. SEX 569 (22) DAM'S I.D.NO. Unknown Female SIRE'S I.D.NO. Unknown DATE OF BIRTH Spring 1957' Special Markings, Brands, Tatoos, etc. Left ear tag 69. Right ear tattoo. AID 69 Branded AEG left rib, 69 left hip, 9 left face Horns straight forward. Original brand illegible Individual Weight Record Date 2 Jun 65 =8 Oct 65 27 Oct 66 !6 May 66 :l Jul 66 .2 Oct 66 >1 May 67 5 Jun 69 Age 8 yrs 9 yrs Weight 1100 968 985 1050 1035 1065 1 850 1077 Condition Good Good Good Good \ Good Extra Good Remarks BREEDING AND PRODUCE RECORD 8 October 1968 - 981 Breeding Date and Bull used Date Bull Date Bull Birth Date of calf 29 Dec 6k 3 May 66 28 Mar 67 3 May 68 Sex of calf Male Female Female Male I.D.NO. of calf 591 610 636 6k9 Birth" wt. 70 80 80 72 Weaning Data Date Wt. Age in days Daily gain Adj .wt . Remarks Disposition of Animal; Sacrificed 9 October 1968 FSS .3 ------- MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT RECORDS (Give details and dates) I.D. Numbers Brajid l/z£/< Tattoo 69" 5 ll/6( Neck Chain ft 7a^65 AEC Brand Rebranded 2o Jan 65 Dehorning ~ Castration Vaccinations Blackleg Ik Apr 60 Miscellaneous treatments and surgery Cryogenic brand/Liquid nitrogen Tail Biopsy - 12 October 1966 Remarks (Include dates of sightings, condition, location, all other pertinent data): Wintered at corrals - Well 3 - September 1964 - 7 February 1965 - when moved to Area 18 _ Through chute 2 June 1965 - Sprayed _ , _ Through chute 29 July 1965 - Sprayed. Bled - Negative, Brucellosis, Anaplasmosis , Leptospirosis ro Through chute 16 September 1965 - Sprayed. Kemtox 1% Solution Chute - 28 October 1965 - Keraspray. Pregnant. Chute - 26 May 1966 p Keraspray 1%'. Moved to new location near Flivver Site Chute - Well 8 - Kemtox 1% Solution. 21 July 1966 Chute - Well 8 - Kemtox 1% Solution. 31 May 196? 8 Aug 1967 - Through chute, Kemtox 18 Oct 1967 - 1030 Ibs. Beginning cancer - right eye. Nevada neck tag Gathered and bled. Turned loose 5 March 1968 5 June 1968 - Well 8 Chute - Kemtox 1% Solution 8 October 1968 - Chute scales - Area 18 and hauled to Well 3 - Slaughtered on 9 October ------- APPENDIX III. Surplus animals Animals transferred on October Thirteen (13) mature cows No. No. No. No. No. No I No. No. No. No. No I No. No. 20 51 43 6 9 .D. # 83 53 32 13 .D. # 3 49 Hereford Hereford Hereford Hoi stein Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hoi stein Hoi stein 88 A 88 A No I No I Seve M _ T No 1 No I No I No I No I No I No I Five (5) 2-year-old heifers No I.D. # Hereford No. 114 Hereford No I.D. # Hereford No. 121 Hereford No I.D. # Hereford One (1) 2-year-old steer No. 127 Hereford Four (4) yearling steers No. 113 Hereford No I.D. # Hereford No I.D. # Hereford No I.D. # Hereford transferred to University of Nevada 8, 1964 Four (4) yearling females 8806 Guernsey 7732 Hoi stein # Hereford # Hereford Seven (7) 1964 female calves # Hereford # Hereford # Angus # Angus # Hereford # Hereford # Hereford '! Seven (7) 1964 male calves No. 115 No. 27 No I.D. # No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. # # # # Three (3) bulls No. 117 No. 169 No. 143 Holstein-Angus Hereford Angus Hereford Hereford Angus Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford These animals were shipped before institution of FSS Identification and Record System. 21 ------- APPENDIX III. Surplus animals transferred to University of Nevada cont'd Animals transferred on August 17, 1967 Two (2) 3-year-old cows No. 581 Angus-Holstein No. 582 Angus-Holstein Three (3) 2-year-old heifers No. 41 Hereford-Hoi stein No. 51 Hereford-Holstein No. 53 Hereford-Holstein Three (3) 2-year-old steers No. 50 Hereford-Holstein No. 54 Hereford-Holstein No. 57 Hoi stein Twelve (12) yearling steers Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hoi stein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Seven (7) yearling females No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 59 60 61 63 64 65 68 69 72 74 76 78 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. Four No. No. No. No. Seven No. Mo. Mo . No. No. No. No. 58 67 73 75 81 82 601 (4) 100 619 620 621 (7) 91 101 102 103 626 632 646 Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein 1967 female calves Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Hoi stein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein 1967 male calves Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hereford-Holstein Hoi stein Heref ord-Hol stei n-Angus Heref ord-Hol stei n-Angus Hereford-Holstein Two (2) aged Hoi stein cows Mo . 15 No. 25 22 ------- APPENDIX IV. List of animals sacrificed for Animal Investigation Program IV) GO Animal No. 49 74 109 8 122 No I.D. 105 44 46 102 147 107 No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. No I.D. Age 12 yrs 4 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 12 yrs 1 yr 3 mos 4-1/2 yrs 10 yrs 10 yrs 2 yrs 1 yr 1-1/2 yrs 7 yrs 7 yrs 7 yrs 2-1/2 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 1 yr Weight (kg) Sex 227 364 295 409 364 273 364 523 432 477 205 227 148 Cow Steer Steer Cow Steer Steer Steer Cow Cow Steer Steer Steer Cow Cow Cow Steer Steer Bull Breed Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hoi -Her Cross Hoi -Her Cross Hereford Hereford Hereford Date Sacrificed 10 Jun 64 10 Jun 64 10 Jun 64 10 Jun 64 10 Jun 64 10 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 30 Jun 64 7 Oct 64 7 Oct 64 7 Oct 64 7 Oct 64 7 Oct 64 7 Oct 64 AIP Sample No. B-227-64 B-229-64 B-230-64 B-228-64 B-231-64 B-232-64 BOY- 1 -NTS -64 BOV-2-NTS-64 BOV-3-NTS-64 BOV-4-NTS-64 BOV-5-NTS-64 BOV-6-NTS-64 BOV-7-NTS-64 BOV-8-NTS-64 BOV-9-NTS-64 BOV-10-NTS-64 BOV-ll-NTS-64 BOV-12-NTS-64 All the above animals were sacrificed prior to institution of the FSS Identification and Record System. ------- APPENDIX IV. List of animals sacrificed for Animal Investigation Program cont'd Animal No. 505 506 507 560 577 578 591 589 556 563 592 565 555 576 562 559 551 Age 10 yrs 15 yrs 7 yrs 2 yrs 1 yr 1 yr 1 yr 1 yr 2 mos 5 yrs 10 yrs 1 yr 7 yrs 10 yrs 2 yrs 5 yrs 3 yrs 1-1/2 yrs Weight (kg) 528 395 465 204 204 193 221 183 432 412 270 322 458 364 436 428 296 Sex Cow Cow Cow Heifer Steer Steer Steer Steer Cow Cow Steer Cow Cow Steer Cow Cow Steer Breed Brahman Brahman Brahman Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Date Sacrificed 3 Jun 65 3 Jun 65 3 Jun 65 3 Jun 65 3 Jun 65 3 Jun 65 5 Nov 65 5 Nov 65 5 Nov 65 5 Nov 65 5 Nov 65 5 Nov 65 26 May 66 26 May 66 26 May 66 26 May 66 26 May 66 AIP Sample No. BOV-l-NTS-65 BOV-2-NTS-65 BOV-3-NTS-65 BOV-4-NTS-65 BOV-5-NTS-65 BOV-6-NTS-65 BOV-7-NTS-65 BOV-8-NTS-65 BOV-9-NTS-65 BOV-10-NTS-65 BOV-ll-NTS-65 BOV-12-NTS-65 BOV-l-NTS-66 BOV-2-NTS-66 BOV-3-NTS-66 BOV-4-NTS-66 BOV-5-NTS-66 ------- APPENDIX IV. List of animals sacrificed for Animal Investigation Program cont'd PO en Animal No. 546 23 22 34 40 588 579 49 584 42 586 561 508 80 509 600 616 568 Age 2 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 2 yrs 10 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 3 yrs 5 yrs 1 yr 5 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 10-1/2 yrs Weight (kg) 364 548 510 480 386 398 503 318 364 377 320 320 652 336 719 393 361 464 Sex Steer Cow Cow Steer Steer Cow Cow Cow Steer Steer Steer Cow Bull Steer Bull Steer Steer Cow Date Breed Sacrificed Hereford 26 May 66 Holstein 13 Oct 66 Hoi stein 13 Oct 66 Hoi -Her Cross 13 Oct 66 Hol-Her Cross 13 Oct 66 Hereford 13 Oct 66 Hereford 13 Oct 66 Holstein 1 Jun 67 Hereford 1 Jun 67 Holstein 1 Jun 67 Hereford 1 Jun 67 Hereford 1 Jun 67 Hereford 1 Jun 67 Hol-Her Cross 19 Oct 67 Hereford 19 Oct 67 Hereford 19 Oct 67 Hereford 19 Oct 67 Hereford 19 Oct 67 AIP Sample No. BOV-6-NTS-66 BOV-9-NTS-66 BOV-10-NTS-66 BOV-ll-NTS-66 BOV-12-NTS-66 BOV-13-NTS-66 BOV-14-NTS-66 BOV-l-NTS-67 BOV-2-NTS-67 BOV-3-NTS-67 BOV-4-NTS-67 BOV-5-NTS-67 BOV-6-NTS-67 BOV-7-NTS-67 BOV-8-NTS-67 BOV-9-NTS-67 BOV-10-NTS-67 BOV-ll-NTS-67 ------- APPENDIX IV. List of animals sacrificed for Animal Investigation Program Animal No. 573 553 606 611 599 598 643 630 510 569 634 624 597 617 608 627 637 678 570 Age 9 yrs 13 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 13 mos 1-1/2 yrs 4 yrs 11-1/2 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 1-1/2 yrs 3 yrs 3 yrs 3 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 1 mo 10 yrs Weight (kg) 430 464 407 445 424 441 278 375 361 490 434 339 389 377 432 323 422 57 384 Sex Cow Cow Steer Steer Steer Steer Steer Steer Bull Cow Steer Steer Cow Steer Steer Steer Steer Bull Cow Breed Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Hereford Date Sacrificed 19 Oct 67 11 Jim 68 11 Jun 68 11 Jun 68 11 Jun 68 11 Jun 88 11 Jun 68 9 Oct 68 9 Oct 68 9 Oct 68 9 Oct 68 9 Oct 68 9 Oct 68 7 May 69 7 May 69 7 May 69 7 May 69 7 May 69 7 May 69 AIP Sample No. BOV-12-NTS-67 BOV-l-NTS-68 BOV-2-NTS-68 BOV-3-NTS-68 BOV-4-NTS-68 BOV-5-NTS-68 BOV-6-NTS-68 BOV-7-NTS-68 BOV-8-NTS-68 BOV-9-NTS-68 BOV-10-NTS-68 BOV-ll-NTS-68 BOV-12-NTS-68 BOV-l-NTS-69 BOV-2-NTS-69 BOV-3-NTS-69 BOV-4-NTS-69 BOV-5-NTS-69 BOV-6-NTS-69 ------- DISTRIBUTION 1-20 SWRHL, Las Vegas, Nevada 21 Robert E. Miller, Manager, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 22 Henry G. Vermillion, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 23 D. W. Hendricks, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 24 R. R. Loux, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 25 F- D. Cluff, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 26 J. D. Davis, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 27 E. D. Campbell, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 28 A. J. Whitman, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 29 R. S. Davidson, BMI, Columbus, Ohio 30 Chief, NOB/DASA, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 31 DOS, USAEC, Washington, D. C. 32 Director, DMA, USAEC, Washington, D. C. 33 William W. Burr, Jr., DBM, USAEC, Washington, D. C. 34 John S. Kelly, DPNE, USAEC, Washington, D. C. 35 P. Allen, ARL/ESSA, NVOO/AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada 36 Gilbert J. Ferber, ARL/ESSA, Silver Spring, Maryland 37-38 Charles L. Weaver, CPEHS, PHS, Rockville, Maryland 39 Regional Representative, BRH, PHS, Region IX, San Francisco, Calif 40 Bernd Kahn, BRH, PHS, Cincinnati, Ohio 41 Northeastern Radiological Health Lab., Winchester, Mass. 42 Southeastern Radiological Health Lab., Montgomery, Ala. 43 W. C. King, LRL, Mercury, Nevada 44 H. L. Reynolds, LRL, Livermore, Calif. 45 Roger Batzel, LRL, Livermore, Calif. ------- 46 Ed Fleming, LRL, Livermore, Calif. 47 Wm. E. Ogle, LASL, Los Alamos, N. Mex. 48 Harry S. Jordan, LASL, Los Alamos, N. Mex. 49 Victor M. Milligan, REECo, Mercury, Nevada 50 Clinton S. Maupin, REECo, Las Vegas, Nevada 51 Byron Murphey, Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N. Mex. 52 6. E. Tucker, Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N. Mex. 53 R. H. Wilson, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. 54-55 DTIE, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 56 D. S. Earth, National Air Pollution Control Admin., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 57 Robert Lynch, DVM, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, State Bldg. Las Vegas, Nevada 58 H. P. Adams, Extension Dairyman, University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada 59 Ferren Bunker, Clark County Cooperative Extension Service Las Vegas, Nevada 60 R. E. Engel, National Air Pollution Control Admin., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 61 John C. Vi11 forth, PHS, ECA, BRH, Rockville, Maryland 62 John G. Bailey, PHS, ECA, BRH, Rockville, Maryland 63 Verle Bohman, Chairman, Animal Science Dept., University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada ------- |