SWRHL-95r
  FINAL REPORT OF OFF-SITE SURVEILLANCE
  FOR THE MILROW EVENT, OCTOBER 2, 1969
                        by
            Environmental Surveillance
    Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory

U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
               Public Health Service
           Environmental Health Service
                     June 1970
This surveillance performed under a Memorandum of
           Understanding (No. SF 54  373)
                      for the
       U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
                                                                 ..J-

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                         LEGAL NOTICE

 This  report was prepared as an account of Government sponsored
 work.  Neither the United States, nor the  Atomic Energy Commission,
 nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission:
 A.  makes any warranty or representation,  expressed or implied,
 with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the in-
 formation contained in this  report, or that the use of any information,
 apparatus, method, or process disclosed  in this report may not in-
 fringe privately owned rights; or

 B.  assumes any liabilities with respect to the  use of,  or for damages
 resulting from the  use of any information,  apparatus,  method, or pro-
 cess disclosed in this report.

As used in the above,  "person acting on behalf  of the Commission"
 includes any employee or contractor of the Commission, or  employee
 of such contractor, to the extent that such employee or contractor of
the Commission, or employee  of such contractor prepares,  dissemi-
nates, or  provides  access to, any information pursuant to his employ-
ment  or contract with the Commission, or his employment with such
 contractor.
   (-11

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                                                          SWRHL-95r
  FINAL REPORT OF OFF-SITE SURVEILLANCE
   FOR THE MILROW EVENT,  OCTOBER 2, 1969
                        by
            Environmental Surveillance
    Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory

U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
               Public Health Service
           Environmental Health Service
       Environmental Control Administration
           Bureau of Radiological Health
                     June 1970
This surveillance performed under a Memorandum of
           Understanding (No. SF 54 373)
                      for the
       U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

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                             ABSTRACT

Amchitka Island, a member of the Rat Island group in the Aleutian
Islands,  was first used for an underground nuclear test on Oc-
tober 29, 1965, by the Department of Defense.   A second under-
ground test,  called the Milrow Event, was conducted by the Atomic
Energy Commission at Amchitka on October 2,  1969.  This report
presents the operational procedures and results of the Public
Health Service, Southwestern Radiological Health  Laboratory off-site
radiological safety and community information  programs provided
for Milrow.

The off-site radiological safety program included  operating environ-
mental surveillance networks of air samplers,  thermoluminescent
dosimeters and gamma-rate recorders  before and after the detona-
tion,  and fielding 13 radiation monitors for the detonation.  All
surveillance and monitoring results indicated no increase in
radioactivity above background  levels in the off-site area following
the event.

The community information program consisted of  contacts with
residents and local officials at various communities in Alaska to
discuss the Milrow Event and off-site radiological safety program.
A concentrated information program was conducted at Adak, Shemya
and St. Paul to answer questions regarding Milrow Event effects
at those  locations.

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                       TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                   Page
ABSTRACT                                                          i
FIGURE                                                             iii
LIST OF TABLES                                                    i"
I.     INTRODUCTION                                               1
II.    OPERATIONAL GUIDE                                         2
      A.  Responsibilities                                           2
      B.  Organization                                              3
      C.  Criteria                                                   3
III.   OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES                                 4
      A.  Community Information                                    4
      B.  Monitoring                                                5
           1.  Ground monitoring                                     5
          2.  Aerial monitoring                                      5
          3.  Shipboard monitoring                                  6
      C.  Field Communications                                     7
IV.   ENVIRONMENTAL  SURVEILLANCE                           8
      A.   Air Sampling                                              8
      B.  Gamma-Rate Recorders                                   9
      C.   Dosimetry                                                9
      D.   Milk Sampling                                             10
      E.   Water Sampling                                           H
      F.   Reindeer and Caribou Sampling                            11
      G.   Marine Sampling                                          11
 V-   RESULTS                                                     13
 VI.   SUMMARY                                                    15
                                   11

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                   FIGURE AND LIST OF TABLES

FIGURE                                                          Page
1.    SWRHL surveillance stations for the Milrow Event             22

TABLE
1.    Summary of Milrow air sampling results                       16
2.    Summary of Milrow dosimetry results                         17
3.    Milrow water sampling results                                 19
4.    Milrow milk sampling results                                 21
                                 111

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                         I.  INTRODUCTION

The Milrow Event was an underground nuclear detonation conducted by the
Atomic Energy Commission on Amchitka Island,  Alaska, at 1206 Bering
Daylight Time(BDT), on October 2, 1969.  In accordance with a Memo-
randum of Understanding with the Atomic Energy Commission, the
Public Health Service, Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory
(SWRHL), conducted an off-site radiological  safety and community
information program for this event.

The o'ff-site radiological safety program included collecting air and
water samples and maintaining  radiation dosimetry and recorder net-
works.   Milk  and caribou sampling were conducted through the PHS
Pasteurized Milk Network and  Reindeer and Caribou Sampling Program,
respectively.

SWRHL community information activities included briefing  residents
at Shemya, Adak,  and St.  Paul  and other surveillance stations on the
planned detonation and SWRHL surveillance activities.  Alaska health
department and state fish and game department officials were also
briefed on the SWRHL surveillance plan for Milrow.

This report describes the  support  provided and presents the results
of the radiological surveillance and community information activities.

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                     II. OPERATIONAL GUIDE

A.  Responsibilities
    The Public Health Service (PHS),  Southwestern Radiological
    Health Laboratory,  serves as the  off-site radiological safety
    organization for  the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) in
    accordance with  an  AEC-PHS Memorandum of Understanding,
    No. SF 54 373, as amended.  The off-site areas of responsi-
    bility are those beyond the boundaries of the Nevada Test Site
    and other test locations designated by the AEC.  Accordingly,
    SWRHL was responsible for conducting an off-site radiological
     safety program for the Milrow Event.
     SWRHL responsibilities include:

     1.  Documenting the radiological situation in off-site areas
         through comprehensive environmental sampling and
         radiation monitoring.
     2.  Assuring continuous protection of public health and
         safety by determining potential and past exposures, and
         implementing protective  measures as directed by the
         Test Manager.
     3.  Conducting a public contact and information program
         in the off-site  area to assure local residents that all
         reasonable safeguards are being  employed to protect
         public health and property from test effects.
     4.  Collecting information regarding incidents which may be
         attributed to the test program.
                                   2

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B.  Organization
    The Director, SWRHL, served as the Off-Site Radiological
    Safety Officer and was responsible for the overall off-site  safety
    program for the Milrow Event. Alaska field activities were  co-
    ordinated by the Milrow Project Officer from field headquarters
    located atElmendorf Air Force Base near Anchorage,  Alaska.
    Program planning and field activities  were performed by the
    SWRHL Environmental Surveillance Program.

C.  Criteria
    For the Milrow Event,  the following criteria for radiation  ex-
           *
    posure were used for the off-site area:
                   ". . . the criterion shall be 3. 9 Roentgens per
                  year whole body exposure including any ex-
                  posure from non-weapons test activities  (but
                   excluding background and medical X-rays).
                   The criterion of 3. 9 Roentgens is in the de-
                  finite context used in the past, i. e. ,  every
                   reasonable effort should be made to keep the
                   radiation exposures as low as possible, but
                  for planning  purposes,  if unanticipated yet
                   credible circumstances could result in esti-
                  mated doses in  excess  of 3. 9 Roentgens per
                  year, then the detonation should be post-
                  poned until more favorable conditions prevail.
                  Also, to avoid any given community receiving
                  unusually high exposures over a period of years,
                  the guide shall be  no more than 10 Roentgens
                  in any consecutive 10-year period. "
 AEC/Headquarters Memorandum to Manager,  Nevada Operations Office,
 AEC, Las Vegas,  Nevada, August  1, 1962.

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                III.  OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES






Several days prior to the event,  thirteen PHS monitors were fielded



along the Aleutian Chain and at other locations in Alaska to collect



background environmental samples,  obtain background radioactivity



measurements, and prepare for  D-day activities.  Each  monitor was



equipped with hand-held radiation survey instruments and environ-



mental sampling supplies.  The  instruments included two scintillators



for measuring low-level gamma activity in the background to 3 mR/hr



range,  and two Geiger-Mueller survey instruments for measurements



in the background to 2 R/hr range.   All monitors carried a personal



thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and carried extras for issue to



residents and for supplementing those placed at fixed surveillance



stations (see Section IV).  The monitors were also equipped with



supplies to collect samples of water, vegetation  and precipitation.






A.   Community Information



     In addition to their monitoring duties, SWRHL monitors  at St. Paul,



     Adak and Shemya were involved in briefing local residents and



     military officials on SWRHL activities and the Milrow Event in



     general.   Three days prior  to the  event,  the Adak monitor



     served on a panel of four on the local television,station to answer



     questions  pertaining to Milrow telephoned in by residents at the



     Adak naval installation.  The St. Paul monitor briefed the



     St. Paul Village Council and interested members of the com-



     munity, and visited Public Health Service and Coast Guard



     officials to discuss the event and SWRHL activities.   The Shemya



     monitor held similar discussions with Air Force personnel there.




     To provide Alaska state  officials with information regarding the

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    SWRHL surveillance program,  a briefing of state health depart-
    ment and fish and game department officials was conducted by
    the Project Officer.  The briefing involved the presentation and
    discussion of the general Milrow surveillance plan as well as
    a discussion of specific surveillance activities in each area of
    interest.  State health department officials were kept advised
    of SWRHL monitoring activities through the PHS state assignee
    in Anchorage.
    Anticipated Milrow effects and  the SWRHL environmental  surveil-
    lance program were  also explained to surveillance station oper-
    ators and local residents at  each of the  15 stations established
    by the Project Officer during July, August and September.
    Similar discussions were held whenever the opportunity arose
    during contact •with Alaska residents and local or state officials.

B.  Monitoring
    1.   Ground monitoring
         Three monitors  were stationed on the islands of Adak
         (from D-13 to D+4 days), St.  Paul (from  D-8 to  D+6 days)
         and Shemya  (from D-6 to D+2 days).  Each monitor
         established and maintained a radiation surveillance station
         and collected background water samples.
         For the  period D-4 to D+l  days, four monitors were on
         standby  at the SWRHL field office in Anchorage for local
         monitoring duties or for dispatch to other areas  had this
         action become necessary.
    2.   Aerial monitoring
         Aerial monitoring was performed by four monitors, two
         each aboard  two Air  Force C-130 aircraft.  The responsi-
         bilities of the aerial  teams included an initial post-event
                                  5

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    survey of the surface ground zero area, tracking of any
    released radioactive effluent for four to six hours, and
    collection  of cabin air samples for immediate gross beta
    activity analysis had a release occurred.
    On D-4 days, the aerial crews arrived at Adak, the
    staging point for the Milrow aerial monitoring missions.
    On D-3 days, the two monitoring teams participated in
    a rehearsal of the monitoring flight in a single Air Force
    C-130 aircraft.
    At 1030 hours on D day,  both  aircraft were airborne
    and enroute to a standby position downwind from ground
    zero.  Following the detonation at 1206 hours, each
    aircraft made a single low altitude pass over surface  ground
    zero.  The first pass was at 1330 hours BDT and the
    second at  1335 hours BDT.  Following these passes,
    both aircraft were released from  their monitoring mis-
    sion.  One of the aircraft and crews was held on standby
    at Adak until the following morning.

3.   Shipboard monitoring
    To provide monitoring capabilities on the ocean near
    Amchitka  Island, one SWRHL monitor boarded the
    USS  Small at Adak on D-6, and a second monitor boarded
    the USS Strauss on D-5.  The two naval vessels then
    moved to the Amchitka area for the D day activities.
    In addition to hand-held portable survey instruments,
    the monitors were equipped with a portable sealer con-
    nected to  a shielded end-window Geiger-Mueller detector.
    Each ship monitor collected pre-event and post-event air

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        samples and counted each filter for gross beta radio-
        activity with the portable counting system.  Although
        not issued,  five TLD's were available on each ship
        for issue to shipboard personnel if deemed desirable.
        Each monitor also collected pre-event ocean water
        samples.
        At H hour, the two vessels were approximately 30 miles
        west of surface ground zero and approximately 50 miles
        southeast of surface ground zero, respectively.  On
        D+2 days, both vessels docked at Adak to refuel and the
        monitors returned to Anchorage.

C.  Field Communications
    Communications  between the Project Officer and SWRHL monitors
    at Adak'and Shemya were provided by telephone.  Amateur radio
    operators provided communications with the station monitor at
    St. Paul.  Communications between the  Project  Officer and
    the PHS  member of the Test Manager's  Advisory Panel on
    Amchitka was through use of a Corps of Engineers radio at
    Elmendorf Air Force Base.
    There was no direct communication between the  Project Officer
    and the aerial surveillance aircraft.  Information from the
    aerial sweeps was relayed directly to the Test Manager on
    Amchitka.

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               IV.  ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE






A network of 18 environmental surveillance stations was established



along the  Aleutian Island chain and coastal Alaska prior to the Milrow



Event, as shown in Figure  1.  At each station, three thermolumines-



cent dosimeters, a gamma-rate  recorder and an air sampler were



maintained.  Fourteen of the 18  stations were operated by local resi-



dents between D-15 and D+14 days.  The stations at Adak, Shemya,



St. Paul and Anchorage were operated by SWRHL monitors for the




periods D-12 to D+3 days,  D-4 to D+l days,  D-7 to D+5 days and



D-15 to D+2 days,  respectively.  Each station operator was responsible



for the collection and mailing of air  samples to SWRHL for analysis,



operating a gamma-rate recorder, and exchanging  TLD's.






A.  Air Sampling



     Air samplers  consisted of an electrically driven positive displace-



     ment vacuum pump which pulled air through a  4-inch diameter



     Gelman Type E glass fiber  filter followed by an activated char-



     coal cartridge.  Sampling rates were 8 to 10 cfm.  Continuous



     24-hour samples were collected by the station operator and



     mailed daily to SWRHL for  analysis.  At the end of the sampling



     period, air samplers were  returned to SWRHL field head-



     quarters in Anchorage for storage.





     Filters received an immediate gross beta count upon receipt  at



     the laboratory.  Any sample indicating a count rate over 500  cpm



     (approximately 1. 5 pCi/m  for  a 24-hour  sample )  would have



     been gamma scanned.   Beta counts were repeated on the fifth and



     twelfth day after collection, and the results extrapolated to



     estimate the activity at the  end  of the collection period.  All
                                   8

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    charcoal cartridges received a 10-minute gamma scan upon
    receipt at SWRHL,.  Had any scan indicated a net integrated gam-
    ma count rate greater than 300 cpm, isotopic identification
    would have been made.
    Additional air data were available to SWRHL from the nine
    Radiation Alert Network (RAN) air sampling stations  in Alaska.
    These stations are operated as part of a national surveillance
    network by the PHS Bureau of Radiological Health.  Field esti-
    mates of gross beta activity collected at each station  are trans-
    mitted to Bureau headquarters in Rockville, Maryland,  and
    selected filters may receive gross beta and gamma spectrum
    analyses.

B.  Gamma-Rate Recorders
    Gamma-rate recorders at each surveillance station were located
    inside buildings where normal day-to-day operations  were con-
    ducted by the station operator.  The  recorders were operated
    continuously,  and the  station operator  removed the chart for
    each one-week period  and mailed it to  the Project  Officer in
    Anchorage for  evaluation.
    The gamma-rate  recorder employed  a  gas-filled detector oper-
    ating in the  proportional region and recorded radiation exposure
    rates on a logarithmic chart, with  a  range of 0.01  to  100 mR/hr.
    The unit included a recorder that allowed  a continuous recording
    time of approximately 25 days at a chart rate of two inches per
    hour.

C.  Dosimetry
    Three  TLD's were mailed from SWRHL, to each radiation surveil-
    lance station at D-7 weeks.  Upon arrival, the  TLD's were placed

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    in plastic containers in the vicinity of the other surveillance



    equipment.  These TLD's were exchanged twice prior to the event



    with the second exchange made a few days before  the event.  The



    exchange dates are shown in Table 1.





    Each packet of TLD's sent to the station operators included a



    control group  of three TLD's that were returned immediately to



    SWRHL.   This procedure provided in-transit background infor-



    mation for use in obtaining valid on-station TLD exposure.





    Fresh TLD's were mailed to the Anchorage Field Headquarters for



    issue to SWRHL monitors  several days prior to the event.  These



    dosimeters were to be used  to supplement the dosimeter network



    and/or for issue to residents, had any release of radioactivity occurred.





    The TLD's used were EG&G TL-12 thermoluminescent CaF2:Mn



    dosimeters, with a sensitivity range of approximately 5 mR to



    5000 R for external gamma measurements.  The  dosimeter re-



    sponse is uniform for 50 keV to  2 MeV photons.






D.  Milk Sampling



    Since the only significant milk cow population in Alaska consists



    of several dairies in  the immediate vicinity of Palmer, the PHS



    Pasteurized Milk Network(PMN) samples from the Palmer area



    were used  to monitor radioactivity levels in milk during the



    Milrow operational period.  Although the PMN is generally de-



    signed on a demographic (rather than geographic) basis to



    monitor trends in radioactivity levels in milk consumed by a



    large segment of the  population,  the Palmer station also repre-



    sented a specific geographic area.  If any release of radioactivity



    had occurred,  additional samples from the Palmer area would



    have been  collected.
                                 10

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    Weekly samples from the PMN station were sent to SWRHL for gam-
    ma spectrum analysis, and the first sample of each month received a
     strontium-89/-90 analysis.  Special samples would have received
     both gamma spectrum and strontium-89/ -90 analyses.

E.  Water Sampling
    At each environmental surveillance station, one-gallon samples of
    potable water were collected.  One-gallon samples of marine water
    were also collected by the two SWRHL monitors on board naval ves-
    sels.  All water samples were returned to SWRHL for analysis. Since
    no radioactive release occurred,  post-event water samples were not
    collected.
    Each water sample received a gamma  scan and a gross beta count.
    Strontium-90 analysis was to be performed when the gamma
    scan revealed the presence of  iodine or barium, or upon indica-
    tion of gross beta activity significantly above background levels.

F.  Reindeer and Caribou Sampling
    Muscle tissue from eight animals from the Adak and Peninsula
    caribou herds (four animals  from each herd) was collected during
    August and September, respectively.   This sampling was con-
    ducted as part of the  PHS Reindeer and Caribou Sampling Pro-
    gram initiated in December  1963.  Samples are collected once
    each year and sent to SWRHL. for  gamma spectrum analysis.
    If radioactivity had been released from the Milrow Event,
    special samples would have been collected  as required fr'bm
    these herds, in addition to the routine yearly samples.
G.  Marine Sampling
    Prior to the event, SWRHL planned a salmon and King crab sam-
    pling program that would have been followed had any release of

                                 11

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radioactivity occurred.  Since the commercial salmon season
terminated in September, pre-event samples would have been
obtained from commercially processed salmon stored in
Seattle.  Samples of post-event salmon would have been obtained
through University of Washington research fishing vessels
operating in the Amchitka area.
Pre-event King crab samples would also have been obtained from
the Seattle source, although the King crab season was  in pro-
gress throughout the Milrow operational period.  Through the
cooperation and assistance of the Alaska  Department of Fish
and Game, areas of major King crab fishing and locations of
processing plants were identified for use in the post-event
sampling plan.  Crab caught in the Adak area were available for
sampling at processors located at Adak.  Unimak Pass catches
were available for sampling at processing plants at Akutan and
Unalaska.  Western Alaska peninsula catches were being pro-
cessed at plants at Sandpoint and King Cove.  Additional
processing plants at greater distances from Amchitka  were
located at Kodiak and Petersburg.
All marine samples would have been returned to SWRHL, for
tritium,  strontium and gamma scan analysis, as required.  Since
no radioactive release occurred, no marine samples were col-
lected.
                             12

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                           V.  RESULTS
The stations from the SWRHL  radiation surveillance networks in Alaska
detected no radioactivity above pre-event background levels following the
event.  The gamma scans of all charcoal cartridges from the air sam-
pling stations showed no event  related gamma activity, and all counting
results on particulate filters showed background levels of gross beta
activity.  A summary of the gross beta counting results is shown in
Table 1.  Post-event air  samples collected on the two naval vessels on
D day and D+l were counted for gross beta activity with portable
counters, and also showed no activity above pre-event background
levels. During the two passes over surface ground zero,  the aerial
monitoring teams did not detect airborne activity with survey instru-
ments .
All charts from the radiation surveillance station gamma-rate
recorders  showed exposure rates no greater than background levels.
The dosimetry data from TLD's  presented in Table 2, showed no
exposures  significantly above background.  A statistical analysis of
the data shows a 15% increase  in the relative average exposure  rate
(mR/day) over the three measuring  periods.  This increase is
probably a seasonal trend in background levels.  It is also possible
that the observed trend was due to variables in the TLD system
itself, but other work with the  system in the same period  indicates
the system is more stable than the observed trend.  The variation
in the data is  caused by the  lengthy TLD transit periods from SWRHL
to Alaska and back compared to the  actual TLD exposure period at
the surveillance station.  Ten of the Alaskan TLD stations are being
continued in an effort to establish more  specific data for the network;
these are located at Annette, Bethel, Cold Bay,  Cordova, Homer,
King Salmon,  Kodiak,  Mt. Edgecombe, Nome and Palmer.
                                13

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Table 3 lists the location and analytical results for all pre-Milrow
water samples.  Since the results of aerial monitoring and the

surveillance network stations indicated no increase in radiation
levels  above background, no post-event water  samples were collected.

Milk samples collected by the Pasteurized Milk Network during

October showed no increase in radioactivity over those samples col-

lected during September.  The results are tabulated in Table 4,

indicating no activity above the minimum detectable activity for each

radionuclide.

Results of the  gamma spectrum analysis of samples from the Adak
and Peninsula caribou muscle samples will be  reported in a future
publication of Radiological Health Data and Reports.   Cesium-137 and
strontium-89/-90 background information for samples collected prior
to 1969 has been reported in the same publication for  muscle, rumen
and hock bones from animals of the following reindeer and caribou
herds:
         Shishmaref Reindeer
         Nunivak Reindeer
         Nome Reindeer
Peninsula Caribou
Arctic Caribou
Nelchina Caribou
                                  14

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                           VI. SUMMARY

The SWRHL off-site environmental surveillance program conducted
for the Milrow Event indicated no radioactivity was released to the
environment from the underground nuclear detonation.  A network of
air,  dosimetry and radiation recorder stations showed no changes in
environmental radioactivity levels following the event.  Aerial
monitoring of the surface ground  zero area and shipboard monitoring
near Amchitka Island on the day of detonation also showed no radio-
activity above background levels.
SWRHL, community information activities  consisted of discussions
regarding Milrow and SWRHL,  surveillance with Alaska residents,
and briefing state and local officials on the Milrow programs.
Special community information efforts were made at Shemya, Adak
and St. Paul •where reports indicated this  activity to be successful
in answering many questions about the Milrow Event.
                                 15

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Table 1.  Summary of Milrow air sampling results
Average gross beta
Number of
Station samples collected
Location Pre-shot Post-shot
Adak
Anchorage
Bethel
Cordova
Homer
Annette
King Salmon
Woody Island
Nome
Palmer
Seward
Shemya
Mt. Edgecombe
St. Paul
Unalakleet
Dutch Harbor
Cold Bay
Yakutat
11
13
15
15
12
12
15
15
9
15
15
4
15
7
15
3
14
10
2
11
11
12
10
5
15
14
9
14
2
2
12
5
13
1
11
12
Number of concentration above
samples above MDA MDA (pCi/m )
Pre-shot Post-shot Pre-shot Post-shot
5
6
7
2
2
0
1
1
4
5
3
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
0
2
0
3
2
1
1
3
2
4
0
0
4
0
1
0
0
4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0. 1
	
0.2
0. 3
0.2
0.3
0. 3
	
	
	
0. 3
	
0.2
	
	
0.3
	
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
	
	
0.3
	
0.3
	
	
0.3
  MDA-minimum detectable activity:  That activity at which the 2-sigma
        counting error is  ^25% of the net counting rate.

  Average was determined from those daily concentrations  above detection
        limit.  All concentrations were extrapolated to end  of collection.
                                   16

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Location
Anchorage
Annette
Bethel
Cold Bay
Cordova
Dutch Harbor
Homer
King Salmon
Kodiak
Mt. Edgecombe
Nome
Palmer
Seward
Issue date Collection date
9/02/69
9/13/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
10/1/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/02/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
9/13/69
8/15/69
9/12/69
(9/26/69)°
8/15/69
9/12/69
9/29/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
9/26/69
8/15/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
9/27/69
9/15/69
9/29/69
9/13/69
9/26/69
10/24/69
9/11/69
10/01/69
12/06/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/26/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/28/69
9/27/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/14/69
9/12/69
9/29/69
12/01/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/18/69
9/11/69
9/26/69
12/01/69
9/12/69
9/11/69
9/27/69
11/25/69
9/29/69
11/21/69
Av. exposure ratea (mR/day)
Pre-shot Post- shot
0.05
0.03
0. 00
0.04
0. 16
0.06
0.22
0.01
0.26
0.28
0.09
0. 19
0.06
0. 15
0.09
0. 13
0.06
0.04
0. 13
0. 13
0. 18
0. 13
0.05
0. 14
0.25
NDRb
0.25
0.41
NDR
0.26
0.31
0.30
0.34
NDR
0.32
0.35
17

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Table 2.  Summary of Milrow dosimetry results (continued)      	



                                           Av.  exposure ratea (mR/day)

Location	  Issue date  Collection date Pre-shot	Post-shot


Unalakleet         9/14/69       9/29/69       0.14

                  9/26/69      11/20/69                          0.25


Yakutat                                       NDR

                  (9/26/69)     (10/24/69)                         0.22
a
  Average is for three dosimeters.


b
  No data received to date.
  Estimated date; field data card incomplete.
                                 18

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Table 3.  Milrow water sampling results
Location Source
Adak, Alaska
Hospital Coffee Room
Amchitka Island, Alaska
51° 28.0 N 178° 28. 1 E
51° 06 N 179° 04 E
Annette, Alaska
FAA/FSSa
Bethel, Alaska
FAA Compound
USPHS Hospital
Cold Bay, Alaska
FAA/FSS
Cordova, Alaska-FAA/FSS
Prince William
Hotel
Dutch Harbor, Alaska
Reeve Air Terminal
Homer, Alaska
FAA/FSS
King Salmon, Alaska
FAA/FSS
King Salmon Inn
Kodiak, Alaska
Woody Island- FAA/FSS
Mt. Edgecombe, Alaska
FAA/FSS
Nome, Alaska
FAA/ FSS
Palmer, Alaska
Tost Chevron Station
St. Paul Island, Alaska
St. Paul Hotel
St. Paul Hotel

Lake

Ocean
Ocean

Well

Well
Well

Well
Well
Reser-
voir

Lake

Well

Well
Well

Lake

Well

Spring
Reser-
voir

Well
Well
Gross Gross
Date alpha beta
Collected pCi/1 pCi/1

9/23/69

10/02/69
9/27/69

8/29/69

8/05/69
8/05/69

8/18/69
8/26/69
8/25/69


8/19/69

9/12/69

8/06/69
8/06/69

8/14/69

8/29/69

8/10/69
9/04/69

9/29/69
10/7/69

<2

27
<2

<2

2
2

3
<2
<2


2

<2

<2
<2

<2

2

<2
<2

<2
2

<2

140
204

10

2
3

3
2
<2


10

3

4
7

3

2

2
2

4
6
H Gamma
pCi/1 spectrum

530

<400
<400

410

<400
<400

740
<400
710


520

<400

<400
<400

670

530

720
<400

<400
500

NA

NA
NA

NA

NA
NA

NA
NA
NA


NA

NA

NA
NA

NA

NA

NA
NA

NA
NA
                                 19

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Table 3.  Milrow water sampling results (continued)
Location
                  Gross Gross    _
           Date    alpha   beta     H    Gamma
Source  Collected pCi/1  pCi/1  pCi/1  spectrum
Seward,  Alaska
 Fire Hall

Shemya, Alaska
 Personnel Services
    Club

Unalakleet,  Alaska
 FAA Housing Area

Yakutat, Alaska
 FAA/FSS
 Reser-
  voir   9/06/69    <2      4    570

 Well    9/29/69    <2      4    400
 Spring  8/11/69     <2      4   1200


 Well    8/27/69     <2      2    680
NA


NA



NA


NA
NA - negligible  activity

  FAA/FSS  Federal Aviation Administration/Flight Service Station.
                                 20

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Table 4.  Milrow milk sampling results
Location
Palmer, Alaska



Palmer, Alaska



Date 140 137 131 89^, * 90e *
Collected Ba Cs I Sr Sr
9/08/69 <10 <10 <10 <5 6
9/15/69 <10 <10 <10
9/22/69 <10 <10 <10
9/29/69 <10 <10 <10
10/06/69 <10 <10 <10 5 4
10/13/69 <10 <10 <10
10/20/69 <10 <10 <10
10/27/69 <10 <10 <10
              89       90
* Analysis for   Sr and   Sr performed only on first sample received

 each month.
                                 21

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                                                                ARCTIC OCEAN
           Surveillance Stations Manned by Local Persons

           Surveillance Stations Manned by
              SWRHL Personnel, D-Day
                                                                                                         YUKON
IV
                     BERING SEA
    SHEMYA
                                 ST. PAUL 1

                           PRIBILOF ISLANDS
                            ALEUTIAN ISLANDS
                    ADAK
      AMCHITKA
                                Figure 1
UNALASKA
                                               ChO^
                                                      STATUTE MILES
 SWRHL surveillance stations for the Milrow Event

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                        DISTRIBUTION

 1 - 15  SWRHL, Las Vegas, Nevada
    16  Robert E. Miller,  Manager, AEC/NVOO,  Las Vegas, Nevada
    17  Robert H. Thalgott, AEC/NVOO,  Las Vegas, Nevada
18 - 19  Chief, NOB/DASA, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas,  Nevada
20 - 22  D. W. Hendricks,  AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
    23  Henry G.  Vermillion, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
    24  Philip W. Allen, ARL/ESSA, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
    25  Technical Library, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas,  Nevada
    26  Mail and Records, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas,  Nevada
    27  Martin B. Biles, Director,  DOS,  USAEC, Washington, D. C.
    28  Test Branch, DMA, USAEC, Washington,  D.  C.
    29  JohnS. Kelly, DPNE,  USAEC, Washington,  D. C.
    30  Ralphs. Decker, SNPO, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
    31  John A. Harris, PI, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
    32  Director, DASA, Sandia Laboratories,  Albuquerque, New Mexico
    33  Byron F.  Murphey, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
    34  Gilbert Ferber, ARL/ESSA, Silver Springs, Maryland
    35  R. S. Davidson, Battelle Memorial Inst. ,  Columbus,  Ohio
    36  JohnC. Villforth,  Director, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Md.
    37  John Bailey, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Maryland
38 - 39  Charles L.  Weaver, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Maryland
    40  William Link, BRH Library, PHS, Rockville, Maryland
    41  L. Crooks,  LRL,  Mercury, Nevada
    42  W. C. King, LRL, Mercury, Nevada
    43  Arden E.  Bicker,  REECo. ,  Rad.  Safe., Mercury, Nevada
    44  E. Douthett, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas,  Nevada
    45  William E.  Ogle,  LASL, Los Alamos,  New Mexico

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Distribution (continued)

    46   Tom A, Gibson, LRL, Livermore,  California
    47   Harry S.  Jordan, LASL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
    48   Charles I. Browne, LASL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
    49   Harry L.  Reynolds,  LRL, Livermore, California
    50   J. Becker,  LRL, Livermore, California
51 -52   DTIE, USAEC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
53 -128  Robert E. Loux, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada

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