SWRHL-95r
FINAL REPORT OF OFF-SITE SURVEILLANCE
FOR THE MILROW EVENT, OCTOBER 2, 1969
by
Environmental Surveillance
Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory
U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Public Health Service
Environmental Health Service
June 1970
This surveillance performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding (No. SF 54 373)
for the
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
..J-
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LEGAL NOTICE
This report was prepared as an account of Government sponsored
work. Neither the United States, nor the Atomic Energy Commission,
nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission:
A. makes any warranty or representation, expressed or implied,
with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the in-
formation contained in this report, or that the use of any information,
apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not in-
fringe privately owned rights; or
B. assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages
resulting from the use of any information, apparatus, method, or pro-
cess disclosed in this report.
As used in the above, "person acting on behalf of the Commission"
includes any employee or contractor of the Commission, or employee
of such contractor, to the extent that such employee or contractor of
the Commission, or employee of such contractor prepares, dissemi-
nates, or provides access to, any information pursuant to his employ-
ment or contract with the Commission, or his employment with such
contractor.
(-11
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SWRHL-95r
FINAL REPORT OF OFF-SITE SURVEILLANCE
FOR THE MILROW EVENT, OCTOBER 2, 1969
by
Environmental Surveillance
Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory
U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Public Health Service
Environmental Health Service
Environmental Control Administration
Bureau of Radiological Health
June 1970
This surveillance performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding (No. SF 54 373)
for the
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
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ABSTRACT
Amchitka Island, a member of the Rat Island group in the Aleutian
Islands, was first used for an underground nuclear test on Oc-
tober 29, 1965, by the Department of Defense. A second under-
ground test, called the Milrow Event, was conducted by the Atomic
Energy Commission at Amchitka on October 2, 1969. This report
presents the operational procedures and results of the Public
Health Service, Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory off-site
radiological safety and community information programs provided
for Milrow.
The off-site radiological safety program included operating environ-
mental surveillance networks of air samplers, thermoluminescent
dosimeters and gamma-rate recorders before and after the detona-
tion, and fielding 13 radiation monitors for the detonation. All
surveillance and monitoring results indicated no increase in
radioactivity above background levels in the off-site area following
the event.
The community information program consisted of contacts with
residents and local officials at various communities in Alaska to
discuss the Milrow Event and off-site radiological safety program.
A concentrated information program was conducted at Adak, Shemya
and St. Paul to answer questions regarding Milrow Event effects
at those locations.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT i
FIGURE iii
LIST OF TABLES i"
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. OPERATIONAL GUIDE 2
A. Responsibilities 2
B. Organization 3
C. Criteria 3
III. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES 4
A. Community Information 4
B. Monitoring 5
1. Ground monitoring 5
2. Aerial monitoring 5
3. Shipboard monitoring 6
C. Field Communications 7
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE 8
A. Air Sampling 8
B. Gamma-Rate Recorders 9
C. Dosimetry 9
D. Milk Sampling 10
E. Water Sampling H
F. Reindeer and Caribou Sampling 11
G. Marine Sampling 11
V- RESULTS 13
VI. SUMMARY 15
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FIGURE AND LIST OF TABLES
FIGURE Page
1. SWRHL surveillance stations for the Milrow Event 22
TABLE
1. Summary of Milrow air sampling results 16
2. Summary of Milrow dosimetry results 17
3. Milrow water sampling results 19
4. Milrow milk sampling results 21
111
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I. INTRODUCTION
The Milrow Event was an underground nuclear detonation conducted by the
Atomic Energy Commission on Amchitka Island, Alaska, at 1206 Bering
Daylight Time(BDT), on October 2, 1969. In accordance with a Memo-
randum of Understanding with the Atomic Energy Commission, the
Public Health Service, Southwestern Radiological Health Laboratory
(SWRHL), conducted an off-site radiological safety and community
information program for this event.
The o'ff-site radiological safety program included collecting air and
water samples and maintaining radiation dosimetry and recorder net-
works. Milk and caribou sampling were conducted through the PHS
Pasteurized Milk Network and Reindeer and Caribou Sampling Program,
respectively.
SWRHL community information activities included briefing residents
at Shemya, Adak, and St. Paul and other surveillance stations on the
planned detonation and SWRHL surveillance activities. Alaska health
department and state fish and game department officials were also
briefed on the SWRHL surveillance plan for Milrow.
This report describes the support provided and presents the results
of the radiological surveillance and community information activities.
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II. OPERATIONAL GUIDE
A. Responsibilities
The Public Health Service (PHS), Southwestern Radiological
Health Laboratory, serves as the off-site radiological safety
organization for the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) in
accordance with an AEC-PHS Memorandum of Understanding,
No. SF 54 373, as amended. The off-site areas of responsi-
bility are those beyond the boundaries of the Nevada Test Site
and other test locations designated by the AEC. Accordingly,
SWRHL was responsible for conducting an off-site radiological
safety program for the Milrow Event.
SWRHL responsibilities include:
1. Documenting the radiological situation in off-site areas
through comprehensive environmental sampling and
radiation monitoring.
2. Assuring continuous protection of public health and
safety by determining potential and past exposures, and
implementing protective measures as directed by the
Test Manager.
3. Conducting a public contact and information program
in the off-site area to assure local residents that all
reasonable safeguards are being employed to protect
public health and property from test effects.
4. Collecting information regarding incidents which may be
attributed to the test program.
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B. Organization
The Director, SWRHL, served as the Off-Site Radiological
Safety Officer and was responsible for the overall off-site safety
program for the Milrow Event. Alaska field activities were co-
ordinated by the Milrow Project Officer from field headquarters
located atElmendorf Air Force Base near Anchorage, Alaska.
Program planning and field activities were performed by the
SWRHL Environmental Surveillance Program.
C. Criteria
For the Milrow Event, the following criteria for radiation ex-
*
posure were used for the off-site area:
". . . the criterion shall be 3. 9 Roentgens per
year whole body exposure including any ex-
posure from non-weapons test activities (but
excluding background and medical X-rays).
The criterion of 3. 9 Roentgens is in the de-
finite context used in the past, i. e. , every
reasonable effort should be made to keep the
radiation exposures as low as possible, but
for planning purposes, if unanticipated yet
credible circumstances could result in esti-
mated doses in excess of 3. 9 Roentgens per
year, then the detonation should be post-
poned until more favorable conditions prevail.
Also, to avoid any given community receiving
unusually high exposures over a period of years,
the guide shall be no more than 10 Roentgens
in any consecutive 10-year period. "
AEC/Headquarters Memorandum to Manager, Nevada Operations Office,
AEC, Las Vegas, Nevada, August 1, 1962.
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III. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
Several days prior to the event, thirteen PHS monitors were fielded
along the Aleutian Chain and at other locations in Alaska to collect
background environmental samples, obtain background radioactivity
measurements, and prepare for D-day activities. Each monitor was
equipped with hand-held radiation survey instruments and environ-
mental sampling supplies. The instruments included two scintillators
for measuring low-level gamma activity in the background to 3 mR/hr
range, and two Geiger-Mueller survey instruments for measurements
in the background to 2 R/hr range. All monitors carried a personal
thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and carried extras for issue to
residents and for supplementing those placed at fixed surveillance
stations (see Section IV). The monitors were also equipped with
supplies to collect samples of water, vegetation and precipitation.
A. Community Information
In addition to their monitoring duties, SWRHL monitors at St. Paul,
Adak and Shemya were involved in briefing local residents and
military officials on SWRHL activities and the Milrow Event in
general. Three days prior to the event, the Adak monitor
served on a panel of four on the local television,station to answer
questions pertaining to Milrow telephoned in by residents at the
Adak naval installation. The St. Paul monitor briefed the
St. Paul Village Council and interested members of the com-
munity, and visited Public Health Service and Coast Guard
officials to discuss the event and SWRHL activities. The Shemya
monitor held similar discussions with Air Force personnel there.
To provide Alaska state officials with information regarding the
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SWRHL surveillance program, a briefing of state health depart-
ment and fish and game department officials was conducted by
the Project Officer. The briefing involved the presentation and
discussion of the general Milrow surveillance plan as well as
a discussion of specific surveillance activities in each area of
interest. State health department officials were kept advised
of SWRHL monitoring activities through the PHS state assignee
in Anchorage.
Anticipated Milrow effects and the SWRHL environmental surveil-
lance program were also explained to surveillance station oper-
ators and local residents at each of the 15 stations established
by the Project Officer during July, August and September.
Similar discussions were held whenever the opportunity arose
during contact •with Alaska residents and local or state officials.
B. Monitoring
1. Ground monitoring
Three monitors were stationed on the islands of Adak
(from D-13 to D+4 days), St. Paul (from D-8 to D+6 days)
and Shemya (from D-6 to D+2 days). Each monitor
established and maintained a radiation surveillance station
and collected background water samples.
For the period D-4 to D+l days, four monitors were on
standby at the SWRHL field office in Anchorage for local
monitoring duties or for dispatch to other areas had this
action become necessary.
2. Aerial monitoring
Aerial monitoring was performed by four monitors, two
each aboard two Air Force C-130 aircraft. The responsi-
bilities of the aerial teams included an initial post-event
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survey of the surface ground zero area, tracking of any
released radioactive effluent for four to six hours, and
collection of cabin air samples for immediate gross beta
activity analysis had a release occurred.
On D-4 days, the aerial crews arrived at Adak, the
staging point for the Milrow aerial monitoring missions.
On D-3 days, the two monitoring teams participated in
a rehearsal of the monitoring flight in a single Air Force
C-130 aircraft.
At 1030 hours on D day, both aircraft were airborne
and enroute to a standby position downwind from ground
zero. Following the detonation at 1206 hours, each
aircraft made a single low altitude pass over surface ground
zero. The first pass was at 1330 hours BDT and the
second at 1335 hours BDT. Following these passes,
both aircraft were released from their monitoring mis-
sion. One of the aircraft and crews was held on standby
at Adak until the following morning.
3. Shipboard monitoring
To provide monitoring capabilities on the ocean near
Amchitka Island, one SWRHL monitor boarded the
USS Small at Adak on D-6, and a second monitor boarded
the USS Strauss on D-5. The two naval vessels then
moved to the Amchitka area for the D day activities.
In addition to hand-held portable survey instruments,
the monitors were equipped with a portable sealer con-
nected to a shielded end-window Geiger-Mueller detector.
Each ship monitor collected pre-event and post-event air
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samples and counted each filter for gross beta radio-
activity with the portable counting system. Although
not issued, five TLD's were available on each ship
for issue to shipboard personnel if deemed desirable.
Each monitor also collected pre-event ocean water
samples.
At H hour, the two vessels were approximately 30 miles
west of surface ground zero and approximately 50 miles
southeast of surface ground zero, respectively. On
D+2 days, both vessels docked at Adak to refuel and the
monitors returned to Anchorage.
C. Field Communications
Communications between the Project Officer and SWRHL monitors
at Adak'and Shemya were provided by telephone. Amateur radio
operators provided communications with the station monitor at
St. Paul. Communications between the Project Officer and
the PHS member of the Test Manager's Advisory Panel on
Amchitka was through use of a Corps of Engineers radio at
Elmendorf Air Force Base.
There was no direct communication between the Project Officer
and the aerial surveillance aircraft. Information from the
aerial sweeps was relayed directly to the Test Manager on
Amchitka.
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IV. ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE
A network of 18 environmental surveillance stations was established
along the Aleutian Island chain and coastal Alaska prior to the Milrow
Event, as shown in Figure 1. At each station, three thermolumines-
cent dosimeters, a gamma-rate recorder and an air sampler were
maintained. Fourteen of the 18 stations were operated by local resi-
dents between D-15 and D+14 days. The stations at Adak, Shemya,
St. Paul and Anchorage were operated by SWRHL monitors for the
periods D-12 to D+3 days, D-4 to D+l days, D-7 to D+5 days and
D-15 to D+2 days, respectively. Each station operator was responsible
for the collection and mailing of air samples to SWRHL for analysis,
operating a gamma-rate recorder, and exchanging TLD's.
A. Air Sampling
Air samplers consisted of an electrically driven positive displace-
ment vacuum pump which pulled air through a 4-inch diameter
Gelman Type E glass fiber filter followed by an activated char-
coal cartridge. Sampling rates were 8 to 10 cfm. Continuous
24-hour samples were collected by the station operator and
mailed daily to SWRHL for analysis. At the end of the sampling
period, air samplers were returned to SWRHL field head-
quarters in Anchorage for storage.
Filters received an immediate gross beta count upon receipt at
the laboratory. Any sample indicating a count rate over 500 cpm
(approximately 1. 5 pCi/m for a 24-hour sample ) would have
been gamma scanned. Beta counts were repeated on the fifth and
twelfth day after collection, and the results extrapolated to
estimate the activity at the end of the collection period. All
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charcoal cartridges received a 10-minute gamma scan upon
receipt at SWRHL,. Had any scan indicated a net integrated gam-
ma count rate greater than 300 cpm, isotopic identification
would have been made.
Additional air data were available to SWRHL from the nine
Radiation Alert Network (RAN) air sampling stations in Alaska.
These stations are operated as part of a national surveillance
network by the PHS Bureau of Radiological Health. Field esti-
mates of gross beta activity collected at each station are trans-
mitted to Bureau headquarters in Rockville, Maryland, and
selected filters may receive gross beta and gamma spectrum
analyses.
B. Gamma-Rate Recorders
Gamma-rate recorders at each surveillance station were located
inside buildings where normal day-to-day operations were con-
ducted by the station operator. The recorders were operated
continuously, and the station operator removed the chart for
each one-week period and mailed it to the Project Officer in
Anchorage for evaluation.
The gamma-rate recorder employed a gas-filled detector oper-
ating in the proportional region and recorded radiation exposure
rates on a logarithmic chart, with a range of 0.01 to 100 mR/hr.
The unit included a recorder that allowed a continuous recording
time of approximately 25 days at a chart rate of two inches per
hour.
C. Dosimetry
Three TLD's were mailed from SWRHL, to each radiation surveil-
lance station at D-7 weeks. Upon arrival, the TLD's were placed
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in plastic containers in the vicinity of the other surveillance
equipment. These TLD's were exchanged twice prior to the event
with the second exchange made a few days before the event. The
exchange dates are shown in Table 1.
Each packet of TLD's sent to the station operators included a
control group of three TLD's that were returned immediately to
SWRHL. This procedure provided in-transit background infor-
mation for use in obtaining valid on-station TLD exposure.
Fresh TLD's were mailed to the Anchorage Field Headquarters for
issue to SWRHL monitors several days prior to the event. These
dosimeters were to be used to supplement the dosimeter network
and/or for issue to residents, had any release of radioactivity occurred.
The TLD's used were EG&G TL-12 thermoluminescent CaF2:Mn
dosimeters, with a sensitivity range of approximately 5 mR to
5000 R for external gamma measurements. The dosimeter re-
sponse is uniform for 50 keV to 2 MeV photons.
D. Milk Sampling
Since the only significant milk cow population in Alaska consists
of several dairies in the immediate vicinity of Palmer, the PHS
Pasteurized Milk Network(PMN) samples from the Palmer area
were used to monitor radioactivity levels in milk during the
Milrow operational period. Although the PMN is generally de-
signed on a demographic (rather than geographic) basis to
monitor trends in radioactivity levels in milk consumed by a
large segment of the population, the Palmer station also repre-
sented a specific geographic area. If any release of radioactivity
had occurred, additional samples from the Palmer area would
have been collected.
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Weekly samples from the PMN station were sent to SWRHL for gam-
ma spectrum analysis, and the first sample of each month received a
strontium-89/-90 analysis. Special samples would have received
both gamma spectrum and strontium-89/ -90 analyses.
E. Water Sampling
At each environmental surveillance station, one-gallon samples of
potable water were collected. One-gallon samples of marine water
were also collected by the two SWRHL monitors on board naval ves-
sels. All water samples were returned to SWRHL for analysis. Since
no radioactive release occurred, post-event water samples were not
collected.
Each water sample received a gamma scan and a gross beta count.
Strontium-90 analysis was to be performed when the gamma
scan revealed the presence of iodine or barium, or upon indica-
tion of gross beta activity significantly above background levels.
F. Reindeer and Caribou Sampling
Muscle tissue from eight animals from the Adak and Peninsula
caribou herds (four animals from each herd) was collected during
August and September, respectively. This sampling was con-
ducted as part of the PHS Reindeer and Caribou Sampling Pro-
gram initiated in December 1963. Samples are collected once
each year and sent to SWRHL. for gamma spectrum analysis.
If radioactivity had been released from the Milrow Event,
special samples would have been collected as required fr'bm
these herds, in addition to the routine yearly samples.
G. Marine Sampling
Prior to the event, SWRHL planned a salmon and King crab sam-
pling program that would have been followed had any release of
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radioactivity occurred. Since the commercial salmon season
terminated in September, pre-event samples would have been
obtained from commercially processed salmon stored in
Seattle. Samples of post-event salmon would have been obtained
through University of Washington research fishing vessels
operating in the Amchitka area.
Pre-event King crab samples would also have been obtained from
the Seattle source, although the King crab season was in pro-
gress throughout the Milrow operational period. Through the
cooperation and assistance of the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game, areas of major King crab fishing and locations of
processing plants were identified for use in the post-event
sampling plan. Crab caught in the Adak area were available for
sampling at processors located at Adak. Unimak Pass catches
were available for sampling at processing plants at Akutan and
Unalaska. Western Alaska peninsula catches were being pro-
cessed at plants at Sandpoint and King Cove. Additional
processing plants at greater distances from Amchitka were
located at Kodiak and Petersburg.
All marine samples would have been returned to SWRHL, for
tritium, strontium and gamma scan analysis, as required. Since
no radioactive release occurred, no marine samples were col-
lected.
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V. RESULTS
The stations from the SWRHL radiation surveillance networks in Alaska
detected no radioactivity above pre-event background levels following the
event. The gamma scans of all charcoal cartridges from the air sam-
pling stations showed no event related gamma activity, and all counting
results on particulate filters showed background levels of gross beta
activity. A summary of the gross beta counting results is shown in
Table 1. Post-event air samples collected on the two naval vessels on
D day and D+l were counted for gross beta activity with portable
counters, and also showed no activity above pre-event background
levels. During the two passes over surface ground zero, the aerial
monitoring teams did not detect airborne activity with survey instru-
ments .
All charts from the radiation surveillance station gamma-rate
recorders showed exposure rates no greater than background levels.
The dosimetry data from TLD's presented in Table 2, showed no
exposures significantly above background. A statistical analysis of
the data shows a 15% increase in the relative average exposure rate
(mR/day) over the three measuring periods. This increase is
probably a seasonal trend in background levels. It is also possible
that the observed trend was due to variables in the TLD system
itself, but other work with the system in the same period indicates
the system is more stable than the observed trend. The variation
in the data is caused by the lengthy TLD transit periods from SWRHL
to Alaska and back compared to the actual TLD exposure period at
the surveillance station. Ten of the Alaskan TLD stations are being
continued in an effort to establish more specific data for the network;
these are located at Annette, Bethel, Cold Bay, Cordova, Homer,
King Salmon, Kodiak, Mt. Edgecombe, Nome and Palmer.
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Table 3 lists the location and analytical results for all pre-Milrow
water samples. Since the results of aerial monitoring and the
surveillance network stations indicated no increase in radiation
levels above background, no post-event water samples were collected.
Milk samples collected by the Pasteurized Milk Network during
October showed no increase in radioactivity over those samples col-
lected during September. The results are tabulated in Table 4,
indicating no activity above the minimum detectable activity for each
radionuclide.
Results of the gamma spectrum analysis of samples from the Adak
and Peninsula caribou muscle samples will be reported in a future
publication of Radiological Health Data and Reports. Cesium-137 and
strontium-89/-90 background information for samples collected prior
to 1969 has been reported in the same publication for muscle, rumen
and hock bones from animals of the following reindeer and caribou
herds:
Shishmaref Reindeer
Nunivak Reindeer
Nome Reindeer
Peninsula Caribou
Arctic Caribou
Nelchina Caribou
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VI. SUMMARY
The SWRHL off-site environmental surveillance program conducted
for the Milrow Event indicated no radioactivity was released to the
environment from the underground nuclear detonation. A network of
air, dosimetry and radiation recorder stations showed no changes in
environmental radioactivity levels following the event. Aerial
monitoring of the surface ground zero area and shipboard monitoring
near Amchitka Island on the day of detonation also showed no radio-
activity above background levels.
SWRHL, community information activities consisted of discussions
regarding Milrow and SWRHL, surveillance with Alaska residents,
and briefing state and local officials on the Milrow programs.
Special community information efforts were made at Shemya, Adak
and St. Paul •where reports indicated this activity to be successful
in answering many questions about the Milrow Event.
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Table 1. Summary of Milrow air sampling results
Average gross beta
Number of
Station samples collected
Location Pre-shot Post-shot
Adak
Anchorage
Bethel
Cordova
Homer
Annette
King Salmon
Woody Island
Nome
Palmer
Seward
Shemya
Mt. Edgecombe
St. Paul
Unalakleet
Dutch Harbor
Cold Bay
Yakutat
11
13
15
15
12
12
15
15
9
15
15
4
15
7
15
3
14
10
2
11
11
12
10
5
15
14
9
14
2
2
12
5
13
1
11
12
Number of concentration above
samples above MDA MDA (pCi/m )
Pre-shot Post-shot Pre-shot Post-shot
5
6
7
2
2
0
1
1
4
5
3
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
0
2
0
3
2
1
1
3
2
4
0
0
4
0
1
0
0
4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0. 1
0.2
0. 3
0.2
0.3
0. 3
0. 3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
MDA-minimum detectable activity: That activity at which the 2-sigma
counting error is ^25% of the net counting rate.
Average was determined from those daily concentrations above detection
limit. All concentrations were extrapolated to end of collection.
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Location
Anchorage
Annette
Bethel
Cold Bay
Cordova
Dutch Harbor
Homer
King Salmon
Kodiak
Mt. Edgecombe
Nome
Palmer
Seward
Issue date Collection date
9/02/69
9/13/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
10/1/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/02/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
9/13/69
8/15/69
9/12/69
(9/26/69)°
8/15/69
9/12/69
9/29/69
8/14/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
9/26/69
8/15/69
8/14/69
9/11/69
9/27/69
9/15/69
9/29/69
9/13/69
9/26/69
10/24/69
9/11/69
10/01/69
12/06/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/26/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/28/69
9/27/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/14/69
9/12/69
9/29/69
12/01/69
9/12/69
9/26/69
11/18/69
9/11/69
9/26/69
12/01/69
9/12/69
9/11/69
9/27/69
11/25/69
9/29/69
11/21/69
Av. exposure ratea (mR/day)
Pre-shot Post- shot
0.05
0.03
0. 00
0.04
0. 16
0.06
0.22
0.01
0.26
0.28
0.09
0. 19
0.06
0. 15
0.09
0. 13
0.06
0.04
0. 13
0. 13
0. 18
0. 13
0.05
0. 14
0.25
NDRb
0.25
0.41
NDR
0.26
0.31
0.30
0.34
NDR
0.32
0.35
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Table 2. Summary of Milrow dosimetry results (continued)
Av. exposure ratea (mR/day)
Location Issue date Collection date Pre-shot Post-shot
Unalakleet 9/14/69 9/29/69 0.14
9/26/69 11/20/69 0.25
Yakutat NDR
(9/26/69) (10/24/69) 0.22
a
Average is for three dosimeters.
b
No data received to date.
Estimated date; field data card incomplete.
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Table 3. Milrow water sampling results
Location Source
Adak, Alaska
Hospital Coffee Room
Amchitka Island, Alaska
51° 28.0 N 178° 28. 1 E
51° 06 N 179° 04 E
Annette, Alaska
FAA/FSSa
Bethel, Alaska
FAA Compound
USPHS Hospital
Cold Bay, Alaska
FAA/FSS
Cordova, Alaska-FAA/FSS
Prince William
Hotel
Dutch Harbor, Alaska
Reeve Air Terminal
Homer, Alaska
FAA/FSS
King Salmon, Alaska
FAA/FSS
King Salmon Inn
Kodiak, Alaska
Woody Island- FAA/FSS
Mt. Edgecombe, Alaska
FAA/FSS
Nome, Alaska
FAA/ FSS
Palmer, Alaska
Tost Chevron Station
St. Paul Island, Alaska
St. Paul Hotel
St. Paul Hotel
Lake
Ocean
Ocean
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Reser-
voir
Lake
Well
Well
Well
Lake
Well
Spring
Reser-
voir
Well
Well
Gross Gross
Date alpha beta
Collected pCi/1 pCi/1
9/23/69
10/02/69
9/27/69
8/29/69
8/05/69
8/05/69
8/18/69
8/26/69
8/25/69
8/19/69
9/12/69
8/06/69
8/06/69
8/14/69
8/29/69
8/10/69
9/04/69
9/29/69
10/7/69
<2
27
<2
<2
2
2
3
<2
<2
2
<2
<2
<2
<2
2
<2
<2
<2
2
<2
140
204
10
2
3
3
2
<2
10
3
4
7
3
2
2
2
4
6
H Gamma
pCi/1 spectrum
530
<400
<400
410
<400
<400
740
<400
710
520
<400
<400
<400
670
530
720
<400
<400
500
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
19
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Table 3. Milrow water sampling results (continued)
Location
Gross Gross _
Date alpha beta H Gamma
Source Collected pCi/1 pCi/1 pCi/1 spectrum
Seward, Alaska
Fire Hall
Shemya, Alaska
Personnel Services
Club
Unalakleet, Alaska
FAA Housing Area
Yakutat, Alaska
FAA/FSS
Reser-
voir 9/06/69 <2 4 570
Well 9/29/69 <2 4 400
Spring 8/11/69 <2 4 1200
Well 8/27/69 <2 2 680
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA - negligible activity
FAA/FSS Federal Aviation Administration/Flight Service Station.
20
-------
Table 4. Milrow milk sampling results
Location
Palmer, Alaska
Palmer, Alaska
Date 140 137 131 89^, * 90e *
Collected Ba Cs I Sr Sr
9/08/69 <10 <10 <10 <5 6
9/15/69 <10 <10 <10
9/22/69 <10 <10 <10
9/29/69 <10 <10 <10
10/06/69 <10 <10 <10 5 4
10/13/69 <10 <10 <10
10/20/69 <10 <10 <10
10/27/69 <10 <10 <10
89 90
* Analysis for Sr and Sr performed only on first sample received
each month.
21
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ARCTIC OCEAN
Surveillance Stations Manned by Local Persons
Surveillance Stations Manned by
SWRHL Personnel, D-Day
YUKON
IV
BERING SEA
SHEMYA
ST. PAUL 1
PRIBILOF ISLANDS
ALEUTIAN ISLANDS
ADAK
AMCHITKA
Figure 1
UNALASKA
ChO^
STATUTE MILES
SWRHL surveillance stations for the Milrow Event
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DISTRIBUTION
1 - 15 SWRHL, Las Vegas, Nevada
16 Robert E. Miller, Manager, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
17 Robert H. Thalgott, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
18 - 19 Chief, NOB/DASA, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
20 - 22 D. W. Hendricks, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
23 Henry G. Vermillion, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
24 Philip W. Allen, ARL/ESSA, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
25 Technical Library, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
26 Mail and Records, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
27 Martin B. Biles, Director, DOS, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
28 Test Branch, DMA, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
29 JohnS. Kelly, DPNE, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
30 Ralphs. Decker, SNPO, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
31 John A. Harris, PI, USAEC, Washington, D. C.
32 Director, DASA, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
33 Byron F. Murphey, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
34 Gilbert Ferber, ARL/ESSA, Silver Springs, Maryland
35 R. S. Davidson, Battelle Memorial Inst. , Columbus, Ohio
36 JohnC. Villforth, Director, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Md.
37 John Bailey, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Maryland
38 - 39 Charles L. Weaver, PHS, BRH, Rockville, Maryland
40 William Link, BRH Library, PHS, Rockville, Maryland
41 L. Crooks, LRL, Mercury, Nevada
42 W. C. King, LRL, Mercury, Nevada
43 Arden E. Bicker, REECo. , Rad. Safe., Mercury, Nevada
44 E. Douthett, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
45 William E. Ogle, LASL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
-------
Distribution (continued)
46 Tom A, Gibson, LRL, Livermore, California
47 Harry S. Jordan, LASL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
48 Charles I. Browne, LASL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
49 Harry L. Reynolds, LRL, Livermore, California
50 J. Becker, LRL, Livermore, California
51 -52 DTIE, USAEC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
53 -128 Robert E. Loux, AEC/NVOO, Las Vegas, Nevada
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