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              PRE-CONFERENCE REPORT

                       FOR

WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  SETTING/REVISION CONFERENCE

         NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL AREA
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  UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                  REGION II OFFICE

                NEW YORK, NEW YORK

                     MAY 1972

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                PRE-CONFERENCE REPORT
                        FOR
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS SETTING/REVISION CONFERENCE

         NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL AREA
                      U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency
                                Region II Office
                               New York,  New York

                                    May,  1972

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                          SUMMARY








     At the request of Governor Cahill  of New Jersey, and



pursuant to Section lOc (2) Federal Water Pollution Control



Act, as amended, a Water Quality Standards Setting/Revision



Conference will be held for the New Jersey Atlantic Coastal



Area.  The conference will provide an opportunity to review,



and if necessary and appropriate, revise portions of the presently



applicable Water Quality Standards Implementation Plan.



Specific implementation plans will be developed for all point



source waste dischargers in the designated conference area.



     The conference area extends along the Atlantic coast of



New Jersey from Sandy Hook to Cape May and includes all the



wastes presently discharged into the Atlantic ocean or those



that, consistent with approved regional treatment plans, will



discharge at some future date in the Atlantic ocean-Bayshore



Area of Monmouth County.



     This pre-conference report contains a description of the



conference area, water uses, existing water quality standards,



existing water quality, sources of pollution, and recommended



remedial action for all point source discharges.



     Conference consideration encompasses 154 point sources



of domestic sewage and discharges from 18 industrial facilities.



Major items proposed for inclusion in the revised Water Quality



Standards Implementation Plan are plans for abatement of



domestic sewage pollution via the development of 18 major and

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five smaller regional  treatment systems,  and  point  source



pollution control  requirements for industrial  wastes.



     This report was prepared under a joint task group consisting



of professionals from the U. S. Environmental  Protection Agency



(Region II) and the New Jersey Department of Environmental



Protection.



     The proposed Implementation Plans contained in this



report  represent a concurrence and joint proposal of State



and Federal pollution control  experts.

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                     TABLE OF CONTENTS

  SUMMARY                                                     Page

  I.   INTRODUCTION

      A.   Background and Authorization for Conference           1

      B.   Existing Water Quality Standards and                  2
          Enforcement Conference (1967) Recommendations -
          Status of Implementation of Federal  Directives

      C.   Conference Objectives and Procedures for              4
          Establishing and/or Updating Water Quality
          Standards

      D.   Pre-Conference Report                                 5

 II.   CONFERENCE AREA

      A.   Geographical Limits                                   7

      B.   General  Description                                   8

III.   WATER USES

      A.   Water Supply                                        11

      B.   Recreation - Bathing, Boating,  Sport Fishing,       12
          Waterfowl

      C.   Commercial Fishing                                  14

 IV.   WATER QUALITY CONSIDERATIONS

      A.   Effect of Wastes on Water Quality and Use           16

      B.   Water Quality Standards                             22

      C.   Water Quality Data                                  26

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  V.   SOURCES  OF  POLLUTION

      A.   Domestic  Sewage  -  Municipal,  Institutional          32
          and  Federal  Facilities

      B.   Industrial  Wastes  (Direct Discharges)               34

      C.   Industrial  Wastes  in Municipal  Systems              35

      D.   Ocean Dumping                                      37

      E.   Recreational Boating                               39

      F.   Other Pollution Sources                            40

 VI.   RECOMMENDED IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

      A.   Recommendations of Enforcement Conference          42
          (1967), Water Quality Standards, and State
          Pol icy

      B.   Regional  Systems - Domestic Sewage                 44

      C.   Assessment of Impact of Regional Systems           49
          on Water Quality Criteria

      D.   Industrial  Wastes  (Direct Dischargers)  -           56
          Description of Implementation Plans

      E.   Assessment of Impact of Industrial Wastes on       61
          Water Quality Criteria

VII.   CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

      A.   General                                            63

      B.   Domestic Sewage Discharges                         64

      C.   Industrial  Wastes  (Direct Discharges)              65

      D.   Industrial  Wastes  in Municipal Systems             66

      E.   Sludge Handling -  Environmental Considerations     68

      F.   Other Environmental  Considerations                 71

      G.   Monitoring                                         73

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                    LIST OF TABLES

                                                        Following
Table No.                 Description                     Page

   1                 Water Quality Data                      27

   2                Domestic Sewage                         32
                    Point Sources
                    (Conference Area)

   3                Industrial Direct                       34
                    Dischargers - New Jersey
                    Atlantic Coastal Area

   4                Sewage Point Sources to be              48
                    Served by Regional Plants
                    (Near Future)

   5                Proposed Ocean Outfalls -               50
                    New Jersey Atlantic
                    Coastal Area

   6                Proposed Implementation                 56
                    Plans - Industrial
                    Direct Dischargers

   7                Recommended Implementation              64
                    Schedules - Regional Treatment
                    Facility and Service Area
                    Point Sources

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                    LIST OF FIGURES


Figure No.                             Description

    I                          Conference Area

   II                          Domestic Sewage Point
                               Sources - Monmouth County

  III                          Domestic Sewage Point
                               Sources   Ocean County

   IV                          Domestic Sewage Point
                               Sources - Atlantic County

    V                          Domestic Sewage Point
                               Sources - Cape May County

   VI                          Regional Treatment Facilities
                               Location Plan

  VII                          Productivity Pattern in Area
                               of Ocean Outfall

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                       SECTION I



                     INTRODUCTION





A.  Background and Authorization for Conference



    The  Federal Water Quality Act of 1965 authorized the estab-



lishment of Water Quality Standards for interstate waters.  The



law directed that Water  Quality Standards for the nations in-



terstate and coastal waters be such as to protect the public



health or welfare, and enhance the quality of water.  A State



Water Quality  Standard   is comprised of water use classifications,



water quality  criteria applicable to each use classification and



an implementation plan to achieve the desired water quality



objectives.  The criteria - scientific requirements on which



judgements may be based  as to the suitability of water quality



to support the designated use - and the implementation plans,



taken together, essentially comprise the Water Quality



Standard (1).



    The  law makes subject to abatement the discharge of matter



into interstate waters that reduce their quality below the



water quality levels established pursuant to the Water Quality



Act.  Compliance with water quality standards can be achieved



through  State and Federal administrative or court action.



    The  State of New Jersey has Federally approved Water



Quality Standards.





                           1

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    In early December, Governor William T.  Cahill  requested  a

Water Quality Standards Revision Conference for  the  Atlantic

Coastal Basin of the State of New Jersey.   In his  request,

Governor Cahill  indicated that the purpose  of the  conference

would be "for us (EPA and the State of New  Jersey) to examine

the recent progress made by many shore communities and the lack

of progress by a few toward the design and  construction of

regional sewerage treatment systems needed  to conform with State-

Federal Water Quality Standards."  Pursuant to this request, a

joint federal conference to establish  and/or up-date Water

Quality Standards has been scheduled for late June.  This con-

ference,as described by Administrator  Ruckelshaus of the

Environmental Protection Agency, comprises a "cooperative effort

between the Environmental Protection Agency and the State of

New Jersey and ... a joint review that will assure a strong,

realistic implementation plan for the  interstate waters for the

Atlantic Coastal  Basin in New Jersey."

B.  Existing Water Quality Standards and Enforcement Conference
    (1967) Recommendations - Status of  Implementation of Federal
    Directives

    The conference will provide a forum to  review and/or comment

on State/Federal  intentions to revise  portions of the presently

applicable Water Quality Standards Implementation Plan.  It will

also provide the opportunity of establishing implementation re-

quirements for sources not presently included in the federally

approved implementation plan.

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    Current federally approved New Jersey Water Quality
Standards require that all waste discharged to the Atlantic
Ocean receive, as a minimum, treatment that will provide ,at all
times, 85 percent removal of BOD, and that all waste discharged
to the estuaries and tributary streams receive a minimum treat-
ment, at all times,of 95% removal of BOD, with adequate disin-
fection.  Abatement orders issued under these standards further
require construction of requisite facilities to be completed on
or before November 30, 1970.  A large number of municipal and
industrial point sources do not have federally approved imple-
mentation schedules to abate pollution, as only a portion of
the point source waste discharges were specified in the Federally
approved Water Quality Standards.  New Jersey has statutory
authority to require water pollution control facilities to
conform to state approved regional plans.
    On November 1, 1967, a Federal Enforcement Conference was
convened concerning pollution of a portion of the Atlantic
Coastal  Area of the State of New Jersey (from Shark River to
Cape May).  The impetus for this conference was the deterioration
and closing of numerous shell fishing areas.  Recommendations from
the enforcement conference also called for completion of con-
struction of requisite pollution abatement facilities by
November 30, 1970.

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    Due to time required  to  develop  economically realistic

regional  plans and systems  that  would  assure meeting water

quality criteria and promote restoration  and protection  of  the

shellfish areas in the Atlantic  Coastal Area,  and  also due  to

lack of funding, recalcitrance by some, time expended  in

litigation, and other conditions, the  Hater Quality Standards

implementation dates for this area have,  in general,  not been

met.

C.  Conference Objectives and Procedures  for Establishing
    and/or Updating Hater Quality Standards

    The purpose of this conference will  be development of strong,

specific, and real is tic implementation plans for all  of point

source waste dischargers in the designated area.  The intent is

to establish, with the guidance of the numerous engineering

studies and environmental evaluations  that have been  conducted

in the past few years, an implementation  plan  that will  result

in a restoration of the water to its designated usage and

attendant quality at the earliest feasible time.

    After the conference, the newly established implementation

plan will be submitted to Administrator Ruckelshaus for inclusion

in the Federal Register,  and subsequently, after approval,  become

federal law.  Those now violating Hater Quality Standards,  and

who refuse to accept post-conference recommendations  as  to  new

or revised implementation plans  will be subject to immediate

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enforcement action, either Federal or State.  Following that,
discharges who fail to conform with the new implementation
plans will be subject to immediate enforcement action, either
via Federal, State, or coordinated State-Federal effort.
D.  Pre-Conference Report
    Pursuant to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended, and its appropriate administrative regulations, a pre-
conference report is not a pre-requisite for a standards revision
conference.  The statutory requirement is that, 30 days prior to
the conference, notice be given to all interested parties con-
cerning the subject items for revision at the conference.
    In order to promote and permit a strong public scrutiny of
the proposed standards revisions  (implementation plans), this
pre-conference report contains relevant elements concerning
existing Water Quality Standards, existing water quality, and
specific proposals for achieving point source pollution control.
Each point source discharger, as well as the public, are invited
to attend the conference and offer comments, criticisms, pro-
posals, suggestions, etc. relating to the necessity and
feasibility of achieving implementation plans, as proposed in
this report.
    This report was prepared under the direction of a joint
task group consisting of Region II EPA and the New Jersey
Department of Environmental Protection.  The proposed Imple-

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mentation Plans, as contained in this report, represent a
concurrence and joint proposal  of State and Federal  pollution
control  experts.

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                      SECTION II



                    CONFERENCE AREA





A.  Geographical Limits



    The Jersey Coastal Conference Area will cover interstate



waters extending from the Sandy Hook to Cape May.  This



coastal portion of the State of New Jersey covers about 120



miles.  Included for conference consideration are all sources



of waste located in the Atlantic Coastal Basin, that is,



naturally draining into these coastal waters.  Also included



are waste which are currently sewered to the Atlantic Coastal



Area, or will be, as per proposed regional treatment systems.



     The Atlantic Coastal Basin includes all of the Atlantic



County and those portions of Cape May, Monmouth and Ocean



Counties which discharge to the Atlantic Coast.  It also in-



cludes portions of Burlington County and minimal portions of



Gloucester and Camden Counties.  Although not presently draining



to the Atlantic Coastal Area, we have included those waste dis-



charges, primarily located along the northern coastline of



Monmouth County, which will  be subsequently sewered to the



Atlantic Ocean after installation and completion of regional



treatment facilities.



    An outline of the conference area is presented on Figure I.

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             CONFERENCE  AREA
                                                       ASBURY PARK
                                                   POINT PLEASANT
ATLANTIC COASTAL BASIN
& CONFERENCE BOUNDARY
                   Figure I

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B.  General Description
    The designated conference area generally lies within the
Atlantic Coast Plain, which consists of a south eastward -
thickening wedge principally composed of unconsolidated sands,
gravels, clays, silts and marls of Cretacoeus and Tertiary Ages.
The wedge climbs southeastwardly at about 50 feet a mile.  The
coarser beds of these deposits contain considerable volumes of
groundwater.
    Southern New Jersey has an average precipitation of approxi-
mately 45 inches per year.  Although precipitation during drought
conditions may be only one third or half of the minimum monthly
rainfall, the stabilizing effect of groundwater storage in the
coastal plain tends to produce sustained river flows during
periods of low rainfall.
    Four counties, Monmouth, Ocean, Atlantic and Cape May,
commonly referred to as the "Jersey Shore", account for more than
90% of the regions total population.  Most of the inhabitants in
the region live in municipalities or cities fronting the Atlantic
Ocean or located along the coastal basin and inlets.  The re-
mainder of the inhabitants live in communities on the upper
reaches of the coastal streams, in the pinelands, and in other
rural  areas.
    An internationally famous resort area, the "Jersey Shore",
attract millions of tourist and vacationers throughout the year.

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During the summer season, the overall population of the four



counties swells to more than triple its winter size.  In many



shore communities, seasonal population increases can range up



to 20:1.  This seasonal variation highlights the importance of



the tourist trade to the regions economy.



    An analysis of employment patterns in the region also



characterizes it as a  leading resort area.  More than half of



the employed persons are engaged in trade and service activities.



Summer employment at these facilities rises significantly to



accommodate the needs  of the thousands of guests visiting the



Jersey Shore.  Monmouth, Atlantic, and Ocean Counties, together,



account for over 1/3 of the employment in hotels and lodging in



the state and 10% of employment in amusement.  Major recreational



activities, as would be expected, include bathing, boating, sport



fishing, and waterfowl hunting.



    Another major economic activity in the region is commercial



finfishing and shellfishing.  The New Jersey Shore counties of



Cape May, Atlantic, and Ocean account for over 75% of the total



employment in the fishery industry in the State of New Jersey.



The many inland bays and estuaries located along the Atlantic



Coast of New Jersey provide one of the nations  foremost areas for



shellfish harvesting,  and can be considered  one  of  the  most



important natural  resources of the  State.

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    In summary, the recreational  and shellfishing activities



which support the economic life of the Jersey Atlantic Coastal



Area necessitates a high degree of pollution control.



    A detailed description of the estuarine  character of the



New Jersey Atlantic Coastal Area is presented in Appendix D.
                                 10

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                      SECTION III
                      WATER USES

A.  Water Supply
    In general, most of the municipal and institutional  water
supply systems in the region are small, with the primary source
being ground water.  Only two systems utilize surface water:
the Monmouth Consolidated Water Co. and the Atlantic City
Municipal water supply, which uses supplementary surface water
during peak summer demands.  In addition, there are over 55,000
rural domestic water supply sources  (individual wells and other
systems) located throughout the region.  Ground water is also
the primary source for these supplies.  For certain shore
communities, water consumption can increase more than 1000 per-
cent during peak summer periods.
    The seasonal variation in water usage is significant due to
the recreational nature of the Jersey coast, with the influx of
large numbers of people during summer periods.  For example,
summer water consumption is approximately three (3) times winter
consumption in Ocean County, two (2) times winter consumption in
Atlantic County and approximately five (5) times winter con-
sumption in Cape May County.
    Industrial  water use from municipal systems in the New Jersey
coastal  region for process and cooling purposes is estimated to
                            11

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be in the order of 15 MGD.  The major self-supplied industry



within the region, Toms River Chemical Corp., uses approxi-



mately 5 MGD of ground water and 13 MGD of river water.  Power



plants located along the Jersey coast utilize large volumes of



sea water for cooling purposes.



    Some water is used for crop irrigation in the region.  The



major portion of crop irrigation water is taken from streams.



    Future water supply needs can be  met by  the continued



preservation and development of surface water sources, and by



increased usage of ground water sources, accompanied by an



effective program of water resources  management.  The amount of



ground water available in the region  has been estimated to ex-



ceed 1 billion gallons per day, more  than sufficient to meet



the regions requirements as well as to supplement the needs of



adjacent areas.  There are several surface streams in the area



that could, if properly developed, serve as  primary or supple-



mentary water sources (2).  In general, surface water supplies



are developed for larger municipal water supply systems.



B.  Recreation - Bathing, Boating, Sport Fishing, Waterfowl



    The Jersey coastal area is one of the primary summer



recreational areas for the northeastern United States.   Major



water related recreational activities include:  bathing, boating,



sport fishing and, to a  lesser degree, waterfowl  hunting.
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    Recreational bathing can be described as a major water use
in much of the New Jersey Atlantic Coast region.  Bathing beaches
and facilities are located along the ocean front and portions of
the intracoastal waterway.  As a resort area, much of the regions
economy derives from activities associated with forms of recrea-
tion, with bathing being perhaps the principal factor.
    Recreational boating is widespread throughout the area,
particularly in the intracoastal waterway.  A major attraction
for the boating enthusiast is the intracoastal waterway itself,
along which boats with a draft less than four feet can cruise
in protected waters from Manasquan Inlet to Cape May Inlet.
Many cabin cruisers from the New York-Philadelphia metropolitan
areas visit the region during the summer boating season.  In
addition, the coastal region is utilized significantly by many
thousands of out board motor boat enthusiasts.
    The Jersey coastal region is one of the principal sport
fishing centers in the nation.  In this area are some of the
largest fleets of charter and party boats leaving eastern ports.
The most frequently fished species caught by party boats are
porgies and seabass.  Charter boats troll the ocean up to 12
miles at sea, or even further in some cases, seeking tuna,
blue fish, albacore and striped bass.
    The New Jersey coastal region has wetlands of value to
waterfowl along the Mullica River in the waterways south of the
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Great Egg Harbor River and from Forked River in  Barnegat Bay
south to Cape May.   Particularly large numbers  of waterfowl  are
found in these areas, with black ducks and brant being most
common.  The birds attract many resident and nonresident hunters
in season (2).
C.  Commercial Fishing
    Commercial finfishing and shellfishing are important indus-
tries in the region.  The New Jersey  shore counties of Cape May,
Atlantic and Ocean account for  78.4%  of the  total employment in
the fisheries industry in the state of New Jersey.  The New Jersey
shellfish industry serves a significant portion  of the national
market.
    Between  1968 and  1970 there was a decline in employment
in fisheries of almost 7% in the three counties.  This was a
modest decline compared to the  decline in fisheries employment
of 17% in whole State; however, this  decline was greater than
17% in Atlantic and  Ocean Counties.   Only in Cape May County
did employment in this industry increase, but only by 5.5%.
This trend in Cape May County also incorporates  trends in the
fisheries industry on the Delaware River.  While employment
has declined in these counties, the number of establishments
classified as fisheries has remained  about the same,  indicating
that whatever factors have been operating to reduce employment
in the industry have not been great enough yet to eliminate
fi rms.
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    The closing of or restriction of  additional acres
of coastal waters and tidal estuaries for shellfishing since
January 1967 as well as the number of acres only open to
seasonal shellfishing has occurred.  Statewide, approximately
25 percent of designated shellfish areas are restricted, of
which 6.5 percent has occurred since 1967.
    The shellfishing industry in New Jersey has remained
fairly stable since 1967, even with the burden of additional
closures.  Special projects developed by New Jersey, especially
in the coastal area, have helped to sustain the industry.
These include relaying, transplanting, etc.
                             15

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                        SECTION IV
               WATER QUALITY CONSIDERATIONS

A.  Effect of Hastes on Water Quality and Use
    Dissolved Oxygen
    Dissolved oxygen is one of the most significant parameters
of water quality.  Introduction of dissolved oxygen into the
estuarine water body is provided largely by transferrence from
the atmosphere and by the photosynthetic activity of aquatic
plants.  The rate of oxygen introduction and renewal is
dependent on the tidal driving force causing new oceanic water
to flood into the system, the fresh water inflow, the wind,
the surface area, and the amount of turbulence generated by
fresh-coastal water mixing.  The more turbulent the system, the
greater opportunity for atmospheric exchange with the attendant
ability to assimilate more waste.  However, once imposed upon
the system, the decomposable organic matter of a municipal or
industrial discharge exerts a demand on the oxygen resources of
the receiving water.  This demand can result in depletion of
dissolved oxygen to the point where desirable biota cannot
tolerate the environment; they disappear or are killed.
Complete depletion can result in noxious odors with destruction
of esthetic values and elimination of both contact and non-
contact recreation activities.
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    Bacteria



    The coliform bacteria measurement is an index of the



possible presence of pathogens and, therefore, of bacterial



pollution from sewage.  The basic premise is that if fecal



coliforms are present at particular levels, there is a high



probability of pathogens being present.   Such a condition is a



public health hazard for anyone contacting the water or



ingesting it or any organisms grown in it.  For this reason,



coliform levels are used to determine the suitability of



waters for bathing, water contact sports, and shellfish harvesting



    Nutrients



    Aquatic life forms require trace amounts of some mineral



salts and vitamins for growth and reproduction.  Elimination



of  such materials from the environment or their reduction below



minimum levels can limit these activities in some biota.



Conversely, an oversupply can stimulate the propagation of



certain species thereby resulting in a drastic shift in the



composition of the aquatic community.  Wastewaters from



municipal  sources and some industrial sources contain phosphorus



and nitrogen - inorganic salts which serve as nutrients,



or fertilizers, for aquatic plant life.   Although many other



elements are necessary for plant growth, these two nutrients



are usually considered the limiting factors in the control



or proliferation of aquatic plant growths.
                            17

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    With the adequate supply of nitrogen and phosphorus,
the waters can support luxurious growths of suspended algae,
attached filamentous algae and rooted aquatic plants.  The
suspended algae generally reduce aesthetic enjoyment of the
waters by reducing their clarity, sometimes to the extent
that objects in more than two feet of water are not visible
from the surface.  With changes in environmental  conditions, the
sudden depth and subsequent decomposition of a dense algae
population  can deplete dissolved oxygen to the extent that fish
and other aquatic life are not able to survive.
    These plants become detached from their moorings, especially
during periods of turbulent water, accumulate as slimy masses
in the surf and wash up on the shore.  It is not uncommon to
see masses of detached plants covering long reaches of the shore
several inches deep and many feet from the water's edge.  They
not only present an unsightly appearance but also decay and
produce extremely offensive odors.  Such shoreline conditions
prevent full development of the recreational potential of an
area.
    Prolific aquatic plant growth is evidenced in the northern
half of Barnegat Bay.
    Suspended Solids
    Suspended solids in sewage include large proportions of
decomposable organic solids.  Within this area, the major
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source of such suspended solids is  the  discharge  of



inadequately treated municipal  waste.   Adequate  treatment



facilities are capable  of removing 90  to 95 percent of such



material from municipal  wastewaters.  Upon discharge to the



receiving waters, the suspended solids  immediately impart a



grey turbidity to the waters and diminish their esthetic appeal.



The heavier solids settle to the stream bottom in the vicinity



of the points of discharge and form objectionable and harmful



sludge deposits.  These sludge blankets cover and destroy the



bottom aquatic life that serve as food for fish.  Suspended



solids from industrial wastes can have similar detrimental



effects.



    The organic material in the sludge deposits undergoes a



decomposition process which lowers  the dissolved oxygen level



in the overlying waters, at times to below that needed for



fish and other aquatic life to survive.  When complete depletion



of oxygen occurs, the further decomposition of organic matter



produces obnoxious hydrogen sulfide gas which appears as bubbles



on the surface.  This gas breaks loose masses of the deposited



sludge and lifts them to the surface where they appear as



unsightly grey or black odorous clumps and rafts.



    The lighter suspended solids are carried downstream by



the velocity of the following water to settle and form similar



sludge banks in eddy areas distant from the points of discharge.
                              19

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In coastal streams,  the salt content of the sea water pre-
cipitates the fine colloidal portions of the suspended solids
to form additional sludge deposits where fresh and salt waters
meet.
    Thus, these suspended solids may produce harmful effects
throughout the entire length of the receiving streams from the
points of discharge to their months.
    Thermal Discharges
    The impact of these sources on the marine environment may
appear in several different ways:
    a.  Heat affects the physical properties of water such as
density,  viscosity and reduces the solubility of dissolved
oxygen in water.
    b.  Heat generally speeds up the rate at which chemical
reactions progress thereby resulting in a more rapid formation
of undesirable compounds and/or a more rapid depletion of
oxygen resources during the decomposition process.
    c.  The physiological processes of many marine species are
temperature dependent.  An artificial heat source can
accelerate growth and metabolic rates and respiration of most
estuarine biota, if introduced within specific limits.
Artificially elevated temperatures may also result in longer
growing seasons for many organisms.
    d.  Increased temperatures may reduce the numbers of
species in the community and stimulate excessive populations
of individual species.  Perhaps thermal additions will cause

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the development of a fauna  more  typical  of warmer  latitudes



or will  alter the migration patterns  of  fish  affected  by  the



thermal  source.  In such a  case, removal  or deactivation  of



the thermal source may have a harmful effect  on the species



or fish in the area influenced by source.



    e.  An increase above natural background  temperatures can



in many cases result in synergistic actions;  i.e., the



simultaneous effects of separate agents is greater than the



sum total of individual effects.  Prime examples are the



increased  toxicity of  some materials, e.g.,  heavy metals and



the increased virulence of fish  pathogens.



    f.  Sudden temperature changes or fluctuations can also



have a harmful effect on fish and biota.



    In summary,  the introduction of  artificial thermal



sources may place  significant stress upon the entire



estuarine ecosystem to  the extent that fish  kills may be



caused directly  or  indirectly (synergistically).  Conversely,



the effects of a rise in temperature may be  somewhat



beneficial depending on whether  this change  brings the natural



biota closer to  or further from  the  midrange of temperature



to which it is evolutionary adapted  or presently acclimated.



However, as discussed,  any artificially induced temperature



changes on the estuarine system may also lower the diversity



of flora and fauna -- a condition which often indicates a less



stable environment which is more susceptible  to species



fluctuations and thus to serious environmental  upsets.



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B.  Water Quality Standards
    The concept of water resources management is vital  to
effective environmental control.  The basis for such
management includes a system of defining the best present
and possible future uses for all surface waters and sub-
sequently establishing a rational set of water quality
criteria for each best usage classification.  These criteria,
which set limits on specific water quality parameters,  can
then be utilized in the formulation of viable regional  water
quality control plans and compliance dates to implement such
plans.  It is within this framework that the ultimate
utilization of a particular basin may be planned and directed.
    The predominant uses of any particular estuarine or coastal
area depends on historical and economic development, population
pressures, and the natural resources available.  In the New
Jersey Coastal Basin, the tidal and non-tidal waters have been
used intensively for such recreational activities as bathing,
boating and sportfishing.  The State of New Jersey was required,
under the Water Quality Act of 1965, to  establish standards for
their interstate waters subject to the review and approval of
the Secretary of the Interior.  This responsibility has
subsequently been transferred to the Administrator of the
U. S.  Environmental Protection Agency.
                            22

-------
    The Water Quality Standards actually consist of the



 following four components:



    a.  A statement of policy on the protection and



 enhancement of water resources often referred to as an



 "anti-degradation statement."



    b.  A classification of surface waters designating



 specific best uses for individual basins and/or sub-basins.



    c.  Numerical values (limits) and narrative descriptions



 of certain water quality parameters assigned for specific



 water use classifications.



    d.  A plan of implementation and enforcement, including



 treatment and control requirements, for all wastewaters dis-



 charged into or affecting interstate surface waters.



    Generally, an implementation plan consists of a stated



 course of action (treatment requirements and dates) which is



 required to achieve the desired water quality classification



 for a particular basin.  This abatement plan is usually based



 upon past feasibility studies and engineer's reports written



 for portions of the basin for which the implementation plan



 is written.  Upon establishing a general  abatement plan ,



 strategy dates are assigned to wastes  dischargers  for the



 completion of the following items concerning the  construction



of the required treatment and/or transmission  facilities:






                              23

-------
    1.   Report on design
    2.   Submission of preliminary plans
    3.   Submission of final plans
    4.   Award construction contracts
    5.   Complete construction
    In 1967, formal orders of this type were established for a
total  of 71 municipal waste sources in the Atlantic Coastal
Basin.   The listing of these municipalities and a copy of one
such order  (City of Pleasantville) have been appended.  Similar
orders were issued for other point sources in the coastal region
and all included identical timetables for the completion of the
indicated construction.
    The specific dates under the 1967 implementation plan
were as follows:
    Completion of design - April 30, 1968
    Completion of preliminary plans - October 30, 1968
    Completion of final plans - June 1, 1969
    Award construction contracts - October 1, 1969
    Complete construction - November 30, 1970
    The major treatment requirements in the implementation
plan are:
    a.   95 percent BOD removal  for waste discharging to coastal
estuaries or tributary streams; for Sewage Treatment Plants
the effluent is limited to 15 mg/1 BOD.
                                 24

-------
     b.  85 percent BOD removal for wastes discharged to the
 ocean.
     The tidal and non-tidal waters of the New Jersey Coastal
 Area have been designated by a total of six water use
 classifications:
     a.  Freshwater non-tidal waterways throughout the Area
 have been assigned the following three classifications:
     FW-1 - waters set aside to be maintained in their natural
 state and which shall not be subjected to any man-made waste-
 water discharges.
     FW-2 - waters which shall be suitable for potable water
 supply.
     FW-3 - waters which shall be suitable for the maintenance,
 migration and propagation of the natural established biota and
 for primary contact recreation.
    b.  Tidal waters within the Area have been designated as
TW-1 waters by which classification they shall be suitable
 for the following major usages:  as a potable water supply,
 for shellfish harvesting, where permitted, and for primary
contact recreation.
    c.   The coastal waters of the Basin have been assigned the
following two classifications:
    CW-1  - waters which shall  be suitable for primary contact
recreation (bathing,  water contact sports,  etc.)
                            25

-------
    CW-2 - waters which shall be suitable for secondary
contact recreation.
    The interstate waters of the New Jersey Coastal  Area
(Sandy Hook to Cape May) include the following major use
classifications:
    CW-1 Waters - The waters of the Atlantic Ocean extending
from mean low tide line to 1500 feet offshore to a depth of
15 feet, whichever is more distant.
    CW-2 Haters - The waters of the Atlantic Ocean extending
from the limit of CW-1 to the state boundary of three miles
offshore.
    TW-1 - Inland tidal waters.
    The existing Water Qual ity Standards have been appended for
reference.
C.  Water Quality Data
    Water quality data for the New Jersey Coastal  Area are
available from two primary sources:  detailed water quality
surveys by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
the routine water quality surveillance program maintained by
the New Jersey Department of Environmental  Protection (NJDEP).
    The Environmental Protection Agency has conducted two
surveys, one during the summer of 1966, and another during
the summer of 1967 to determine water quality.  Both surveys
extended from Sandy Hook to Cape May.  The 1966 survey
                             26

-------
included approximately 40 stations on the major tidal  inlets



and streams tributary to the coastal  area.  During 1967,



coverage was expanded to include additional  stations in the



Intercoastal Waterway, tidal waters behind barrier islands,



and tributary rivers and streams.  A combined total of 237



stations was sampled during 1966-67, 12 of which were



coincident with those sampled by the NJDEP-



    The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection



collects quarterly water quality data at 33 stations from the



Navesink River south to the Tuckahoe River.   Eight of these



stations are located in areas not sampled by EPA.  The remaining



stations were either at the same location or provided more



complete coverage within the same geographical area as previous



EPA stations.



    The total number of stations sampled was 258.  Sampling



results are presented in Table No. 1 and discussed in the



following  paragraphs.



    Sandy  Hook to Manasquan Inlet



    From Sandy Hook to Manasquan Inlet water quality  is



good.       In this stretch, the  sampling  stations  are primarily



located in  coastal waters.  Levels of fecal coliform exceeding



criteria occur in waters of the  upper Navesink River and  the



upper  Manasquan River.  Data collected by both EPA and  the  NJDEP



show that  the pattern of bacterial contamination  extends  into



the tidal  portions of these waters as well.





                            27

-------
Table No. 1
Water Quality Data



Station



Location
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
Dissolved Oxygen


//Samples
//Samples
below
Criteria
SANDY HOOK TO MANAS QUAN INLET
S35
S34
S33
AC1
S31
AC 2
S32
S30
S29
AC33
S67
S66
S26
AC 3
S68
A55
S27
101

A91

102

A85
Yellow Brook
Swimming River
Naves ink River
Naves ink River
Shrewsbury River
Shrewsbury River
Shrewsbury River
Shark River
Shark River
Manasquan River
Manasquan River
Mingamahone Brook
Manasquan River
Manasquan River
Manasquan River
Manasquan River
Manasquan River
Atlantic Ocean at
Highlands
Atlantic Ocean at
Long Branch
Atlantic Ocean at
Long Branch
Atlantic Ocean at Dea]_
FW-2
FW-2
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2
TW-1
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1
CW-1
1
1
2
23
2
23
2
1
3
18
2
no
3
23
2
2
4

2

1

1
1
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
data
0
0
0
0
0

0

0

0
0
Fecal


//Samples
1
1
2
6
2
6
2
1
3
6
2
no
3
6
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
Colif orm
//Samples
above
Criteria
1
1
2
2
0
0
0
1
1
6
2
data
3
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0

-------
-   2  -



Station
103

104

A86

A92

A87

105

A93

A88

A94

106

A95

A90

107

108




Location
Atlantic Ocean at
Allenhurst
Atlantic Ocean at
Allenhurst
Atlantic Ocean at
Deal Lake
Atlantic Ocean at
Deal Lake
Atlantic Ocean at
Asbury Park
Atlantic Ocean at
Asbury Park
Atlantic Ocean at
Asbury Park
Atlantic Ocean at
Bradley Beach
Atlantic Ocean at
Avon
Atlantic Ocean at
River Inlet
Atlantic Ocean at
Belmar
Atlantic Ocean at
Belmar
Atlantic Ocean at
Sea Girt
Atlantic Ocean at
Manas quan
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1
Shark
CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1

CW-1
Dissolved Oxygen


//Samples

1

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1
//Samples
below
Criteria

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
Fecal Coliform


//Samples

1

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1
//Samples
above
Criteria

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

-------
-3-



Station
A63

MANAS QUAN
109

110

S28

S41

111

A56
S71

S70

ACS

S69

S25

AC 4




Location
Atlantic Ocean at
Manasquan Inlet
INLET TO BARNEGAT INLET
Atlantic Ocean at
Pt. Pleasant Beach
Bay Head - Manasquan
Canal
Bay Head - Manasquan
Canal
Bay Head - Manasquan
Canal
Bay Head - Manasquan
Canal
Beaverdam Creek
South Branch Metedeconk
River
South Branch Metedeconk
River
South Branch Metedeconk
River
North Branch Metedeconk
River
North Branch Metedeconk
River
North Branch Metedeconk
River
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication

CW-1


CW-1

TW-1

TW-1

TW-1

TW-1
TW-1

FW-3

FW-3

FW-2

FW-3

FW-3

FW-2
Dissolved


//Samples

1


1

3

1

1

3
2

2

2

23

2

3

23
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria

0


0

0

0

0

0
0

0

0

2

0

0

0
Fecal


//Samples

I


I

3

1

1

3
2

2

2

6

2

3

6
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria

0


0

0

0

0

0
0

1

0

1

1

3

0

-------
                                        -4-
Station          Location

S24       Metedeconk River
115       Metedeconk River
114       Metedeconk River
A54       Metedeconk River
113       Metedeconk River
112       Metedeconk River
S42       Barnegat Bay
116       Barnegat Bay
AC32      Kettle Creek
A53       Kettle Creek
118       Kettle Creek
117       Barnegat Bay
119       Barnegat Bay
120       Barnegat Bay
A52       Barnegat Bay
121       Barnegat Bay
A51       Barnegat Bay
122       Barnegat Bay
123       Barnegat Bay
A59       Barnegat Bay
S20       Barnegat Bay
S43       Barnegat Bay
A48       Barnegat Bay
S74       Toms River
AC31      Toms River
S73       Toms River
S72       Manapagua Brook
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
Dissolved

//Samples
3
3
3
2
3
1
7
5
17
2
4
7
5
5
2
2
2
6
7
2
8
3
2
2
18
2
2
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
Fecal


//Samples
3
3
3
2
3
1
4
2
5
2
1
4
2
3
2
2
2
4
4
2
5
1
2
2
6
2
2
Colif orm
//Samples
above
Criteria
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
2
0
0

-------
                                        -5-
Station          Location

S22       Union Brook
S23       Toms River
AC7       Ridgeway Branch,
           Toms River
AC6       Toms River
S21       Toms River
AC30      Toms River
AC29      Toms River, Jakes
           Branch
124       Toms River
A49       Toms River
125       Toms River
A50       Toms River
126       Barnegat Bay
129       Barnegat Bay
128       Barnegat Bay
129       Barnegat Bay
S19       Cedar Creek
AC28      Cedar Creek
130       Barnegat Bay
131       Barnegat Bay
132       Barnegat Bay
S18       Forked River
AC27      Forked River
A08       Forked River
A07       Forked River
133       Barnegat Bay
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
Dissolved

//Samples
3
3
24
24
3
18
18
7
3
7
3
7
5
5
4
1
18
3
5
4
1
18
1
1
6
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fecal


//Samples
3
3
6
6
4
6
5
4
2
4
2
4
2
2
1
1
5
1
3
2
1
6
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
2
 Not analyzed
 Not analyzed
4            0

-------
-6-



Station
AC26
A06
136
A05
135
A04
A03
A02
A01
134
199
137
138
139
BARNEGAT
140
141
142
143
A60
144
145
S17
S45
AC24



Location
Oyster Creek
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Oyster Creek
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
INLET TO LITTLE EGG
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Log Creek
Barnegat Bay
Barnegat Bay
Manahawkin Bay
Man ah awk in Bay
Manahawkin Creek
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
INLET
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2
Dissolved


//Samples
17
3
6
3
4
2
3
2
2
5
2
5
5
4
5
4
6
7
2
4
4
10
3
18
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
                                     Fecal Coliform
                                              //Samples
                                                above
                                  //Samples     Criteria

                                     5            0
                                      Not analyzed
                                     2            0
                                      Not analyzed
                                     2            0
                                      Not analyzed
                                      Not analyzed
                                      Not analyzed
                                      Not analyzed
                                     3            0
                                      Not analyzed
                                     4            0
                                     4            0
                                     1            0
                                     3
                                     1
                                     3
                                     4
                                     2
                                     1
                                     1
                                      5
                                     3
                                     6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

-------
-7-



Station
A47
A46
146
AC25
147
AC23
A61
149
148
150
AC22
151
A57
A58
152
153
154
LITTLE
S76
S75
ACS
S16
AC 9
S15
S77
S79



Location
Manahawkin Bay
Mill Creek
Little Egg Harbor
Cedar Run
Little Egg Harbor
Westecunk Creek
Westecunk Creek
Little Egg Harbor
Little Egg Harbor
Little Egg Harbor
Tuckerton Creek
Little Egg Harbor
Tuckerton Creek Channel
Tuckerton Creek Channel
Little Egg Harbor
Little Egg Harbor
Little Egg Harbor
EGG INLET TO ABSECON INLET
Wading River
Oswego River
Wading River
Wading River
Oswego River
Oswego River
Wading River
Mullica River
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1

FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
TW-1
FW-2
Dissolved


//Samples
1
2
1
18
3
19
2
3
1
2
18
3
1
1
1
1
3

2
2
25
3
26
3
2
2
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

2
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
Fecal


//Samples
2
2
1
6
3
7
2
3
1
3
6
3
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
6
3
6
3
2
2
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

-------
Station          Location

S78       Mullica River, Great
           Swamp Branch
AC17      Hammonton Creek
AC11      Mullica River
S14       Mullica River
S80       Batsto River
AGIO      Batsto River
AC18      Mullica River
S13       Mullica River
S12       Mullica River
AC21      Bass River
159       Mullica River
158       Mullica River
157       Great Bay
160       Great Bay
A45       Great Bay
156       Great Bay
155       Great Bay
A44       Great Bay
A41
A42       Little Bay
A40       Brigantine Channel
161       Brigantine Channel
A43       Little Bay
162       Reeds Bay
164       Bonita Tideway
A38       Reeds Bay
 Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
 FW-2
 FW-2
 FW-2

 FW-2
 FW-2
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
  No data
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
 TW-1
Dissolved

//Samples
2
16
25
2
24
16
3
4
18
3
2
3
3
2
3
3
2
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
Fecal


//Samples
2
6
6
2
6
6
3
6
6
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
2
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

-------
-9-



Station
A3 9

163
ABSECON
A97
167
168
S48
198
165
A3 7
166
AC20
169
S09
170
A3 6
A3 5
171
173
A3 4
172
A96
A3 3
174



Location
Golden Hammock Thoro-
f are
Broad Creek
INLET TO GREAT EGG HARBOR
Absecon Inlet
Absecon Channel
Clam Creek
Absecon Inlet
Absecon Channel
Absecon Channel
Absecon Channel
Absecon Creek
Absecon Creek
Beach Thorofare
Beach Thorofare
Beach Thorofare
Great Thorofare
Beach Thorofare
West Canal
Lakes Bay
Lakes Bay
Beach Thorofare
Dock Thorofare
Shelter Island Waters
Beach Thorofare
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication

TW-1
TW-1
INLET
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
Dissolved


//Samples

2
3

1
3
3
1
3
3
2
1
16
3
4
3
1
2
3
3
2
3
1
2
3
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria

1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
Fecal


//Samples
2
2
1
3
3
1
3
2
2
1
6
2
4
3
1
2
3
3
2
3
1
2
3
Colif orm
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

-------
-10-



Station
175
A3 2
GREAT EGG
S06
SOS
176
A29
A30
Sll
AC12
S81
AC14
AC15
AC13
S10
AC16
180
A28
179
S82
AC 19
SOS
181
S07
178
177



Location
Risley Channel
Scull Bay
HARBOR INLET TO
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Ship Channel
Rainbow Channel
Rainbow Channel
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Babcock Creek
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
South River
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Tuckahoe River
Tuckahoe River
Tuckahoe River
Tuckahoe River
Great Egg Harbor
Great Egg Harbor
Beach Thorofare






HEREFORD
Inlet
Inlet



River
River
River
River

River
River

River
River
River




Bay
Bay

Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
INLET
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
FW-3
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
Dissolved


//Samples
3
2

4
4
3
2
2
1
25
1
16
16
25
3
16
2
2
3
2
15
3
3
1
3
3
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
0
0
Fecal


//Samples
3
2
4
4
3
2
2
1
6
2
6
6
6
3
6
2
2
3
2
5
3
3
1
3
2
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
0

-------
                                       -11-



Station
S53
A23
182
A22
S04
183
A21
184
185
A20
186
A24
S03
S56
A19
187
A18
A27
A17
188
A15
S57
A13
189
HEREFORE



Location
Crook Horn Creek
Crook Horn Creek
Crook Horn Creek
Corson Sound
Corson Inlet
Ludlam Bay
Whale Creek
Ludlam Thorofare
Ludlam Thorofare
Townsend Channel
Ludlam Thorofare
South Channel
Townsend Inlet
Ingram Thorofare
Princeton Harbor
Paddy Thorofare
Great Sound
Long Reach
Creese Thorofare
Island Thorofare
Nichols Channel
Great Channel
Jenkins Channel
Dung Thorofare
INLET TO CAPE MAY INLET
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1

Dissolved


//Samples
3
1
2
1
3
3
2
3
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
3

Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0

Fecal


//Samples
3
1
2
1
3
3
2
3
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
1
3
2
3
2
3
Colif orm
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S02
Hereford Inlet
TW-1

-------
                                       -12-
Station          Location

190       Herefore Inlet
S59       Beach Creek
191       Grassy Sound Channel
A12       Old Turtle Thorofare
A14       Beach Creek
A26       Grassy Sound
S60       Grassy Sound Channel
All
A25       Post Creek Basin
A10       Richardson Channel
193       Richardson Channel
192       Grassy Sound Channel
194       Sunset Lake
A16       Sunset Lake
A09       Upper Thorofare
SOI       Cape May Harbor
197       Cape May Harbor
195       Cape May Harbor
A98
S62       Cape May Canal
196       Cape May Harbor
Water
Quality
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
no data
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
no data
TW-1
TW-1
Dissolved

// Samples
3
3
3
2
2
2
3

2
2
3
3
3
2
1
4
1
2

3
3
Oxygen
//Samples
below
Criteria
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
no data
1
2
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
no data
0
0
Fecal

//Samples
3
3
3
2
2
2
3

2
2
3
3
3
2
1
3
1
2

3
3
Coliform
//Samples
above
Criteria
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0

-------
    Manasquan Inlet to Barnegat Inlet
    This area includes most of Barnegat Bay and the Metedeconk
and Toms Rivers.  Water quality meets criteria in the open
waters of Barnegat Bay.  In the Metedeconk River, water quality
levels not meeting criteria were evidenced in the upper portion
and extend into tidal waters of the estuary.  Toms River is
the most severely degraded estuary north of Atlantic City.
During the 1966-67 EPA surveys, dissolved oxygen levels in
the upper estuary were less than the criteria (4 milligrams
per liter) specified by the approved standards on 4 of 7
sampling tours.  Levels of dissolved oxygen and/or bacteria
not meeting criteria extend throughout the estuary and into
fresh waters.  Dissolved oxygen levels below criteria also
occurred in Goose Creek, Oyster Creek, and the north branch
of the Forked River.
    Barnegat Inlet to Little Egg Inlet
    From Little Egg  Inlet to Absecon Inlet, water quality is
good.  The natural conditions  in the Mullica River cause
dissolved oxygen levels below  the absolute minimum set by the
approved state and/or interstate standards.  There is little
industrial or residential development within the basin.
A natural condition  caused by  organic enrichment from the marsh
and bogs which prevail in the  area is probably responsible for
oxygen depletion.  In the upper tidal (and freshwater) portions
                             28

-------
of the Mullica Basin, pH values are frequently below the
minimum value of 6.5 established by the approved standards.
This low pH is probably caused by organic acids released during
natural decomposition of organic matter.
    Absecon Inlet to Great Egg Harbor Inlet
    The confined tidal waters from Absecon Inlet to Great Egg
Harbor Inlet exhibit water quality levels not conforming with
accepted criteria.  Levels not meeting criteria were evidenced
upon one or more occasions at 11 of 22 stations sampled within
this area.  The major water quality consideration was oxygen
depletion, although elevated bacterial densities also occurred.
Water quality conditions in this area clearly demonstrate the
effect of tidal exchange.  Acceptable levels were observed at
stations located within one tidal excursion from an ocean inlet
(near Absecon and Great Egg Harbor Inlets); water quality
levels not meeting criteria were observed at stations in the
confined bay and channels greater than one tidal excursion from
the inlets (Lakes Bay, Beach Thorofare, etc.).  This phenomena
accounts for the pattern of water quality observed from Absecon
Inlet to Cape May.
    Great Egg Harbor Inlet to Herefore Inlet
    Water quality from Great Egg Harbor Inlet to Hereford Inlet
is marginal.   Water quality levels not meeting criteria were
observed on one or more occasions at 12 of 41 stations in
this  area.   Dissolved oxygen was below approved levels at 10
                              29

-------
stations.  The combined State and Federal data reveal  a pattern
of oxygen depletion and bacterial contamination in the tidal
and fresh waters of the Tuckahoe River and the lower Great
Egg Harbor River.  Levels of dissolved oxygen not meeting criteria
are also scattered in confined tidal waters behind the barrier
Islands.
    Herefore Inlet to Cape May
    Tidal waters from Hereford Inlet to Cape May exhibit
oxygen depression, principally in areas where wastes are
discharged to confined bays.  Water quality levels not meeting
criteria were evidenced at eight (8) locations, seven  (7)
of which involved low dissolved oxygen concentrations.  Stations
where water quality criteria were not met are concentrated in
confined tidal waters west of Wildwood and Wildwood Crest.

    Water quality in the Atlantic Coastal Area exhibits a two
phase pattern.  North of Little Egg Inlet - where most coastal
sewage treatment plants discharge to the Atlantic Ocean -
water quality levels not meeting criteria occur at stations
primarily in tidal estuaries of tributary rivers and streams.
South of Little Egg Inlet -- where sewage treatment plants
discharge to confined tidal  waters which receive little exchange
and circulation -- water quality conditions not meeting criteria
are more concentrated and frequent.

                             30

-------
    The Atlantic Coastal  waters and waters of open bays are



of good quality.  In general, water quality conditions not



meeting criteria occur in areas where tidal  exchange is limited,



that is, confined waters.



    The major water quality problems of the New Jersey Atlantic



Coastal Area are depressed dissolved oxygen levels, bacterial



contamination, and the presence of sewage discharge in inland



bays and estuaries, which restricts their usage for shell fishing.



Oxygen depression can limit reproduction, migration, and survival



of many forms of marine life, including finfish which contribute



to the economic vitality of the area.  Fecal  coliform contamination,



if allowed to continue or increase, could endanger the  recreational



potential  of the basin. High coliform bacteria levels, and the



presence of sewage discharges in inland bays  and estuaries



has resulted in economic  damage to, and if left unchecked,



could further harm  the New Jersey shellfish  industry.
                              31

-------
                         SECTION V

                POINT SOURCES OF POLLUTION



A.  Domestic Sewage - Municipal, Institutional and Federal
    Facilities

    Domestic sewage from municipal, institutional and federal

facilities comprise the greatest source of pollution within  the

Jersey Coastal Area.  Many of these sewage systems are subjected

to large seasonal load variations, which are due to an increase

in the resident and transient population during the summer

recreational period.  At least a dozen resort communities

along the Jersey Shore undergo population increases of tenfold

or more.

    Conference consideration encompasses 154 point sources  of

domestic sewage.  Of this total, 48 point sources are given

primary treatment, 94 are given what can be described as

secondary treatment, and 12 undergo an additional treatment

step (tertiary treatment).  Also, sewage from 8 point sources

are, after treatment, discharged to the ground via percolation

into the subsurface stratum.  All point source domestic sewage

discharges undergo some form of treatment.

    The location of all point sources of domestic sewage in

the designated conference area is shown on Figures I through V.

Table 2 itemizes all sewage point sources, and gives pertinent

information in regard to flow, treatment,and the waterway into

which the wastes are discharged.


                            32

-------
 DOMESTIC SEWAGE POINT SOURCES-MONMOUTH COUNTY
     LEGEND





Primary Treatment




Secondary Treatment o



Tertiary Treatment
                            Figure II

-------
DOMESTIC SEWAGE  POINT SOURCES-OCEAN COUNTY
                                                                SEASIDE HEIGHTS
                                       See Table 2 in text for description of point sources
                         Figure  III

-------
                  DOMESTIC  SEWAGE POINT SOURCES-ATLANTIC COUNTY
                                                               Scale in Miles
                                                               OCEAN
NOTE:
 See Table 2 in text for
 description of point so u re
         LEGEND
      Primary Treatment
      Secondary Treatment o
      Tertiary Treatment
                                                                                        ATLANTIC CITY
                                               Figure  IV

-------
DOMESTIC  SEWAGE  POINT  SOURCES-CAPE  MAY COUNTY
                                                     Primary Treatment
                                                     Secondary Treatment or
                                                     Tertiary Treatment
                                      NOTE:
                                      Seo Table 2 in text for description of point sources.
                            Figure V

-------
         TABLE NO. 2
Domestic Sewage Point Sources
Ident.
No.
Municipality
(Conference Area)
Design
Owner Cap.
Ave. Daily
Flow
(MGD)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
Matawan
Matawan
Matawan
Matawan
Keyport
Hazlet
Hazlet
Boro
Twp.
Twp.
Twp.

Twp.
Twp.
Union Beach
Hazlet
Hazlet
Hazlet
Twp.
Twp.
Twp.
Union Beach
Hazlet
Hazlet
Twp.
Twp.
Municipality
Matawan Twp. Mun. Util. Auth.
Cliffwood Bench
Matawan Twp. Mun. Util. Auth.
River Gardens
Matawan Twp. Mun. Util. Auth.
Stratmore
Municipal
Hazlet Twp. San. Auth.
Beer St. School Bd. of Ed.
Bd. of Ed. Memorial Park School
Family Circle Ass . (Bradlee)
Bayshore Sewerage Co.
J.M. Fields Dept. Stores
International Flavors & Fragrances
(Domestic)
International Flavor & Fragrance In.
Holly Hill Mobile Home Park
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.800
.750
.100
.800
.900
.196
.012
.005
.0072
.55
.010
.005
.032
.010
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
(MGD)
.800
.350
.070
.850
.650
.180
.005
.009
.011
.20
.008
.003
N/A
0
.009
Type of
Treat.

Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Water
Point of Classif
Dis. ication

Raritan Bay
Whale Creek to Raritan
Bay
Matawan Creek to
Raritan Bay
Mohingson Brook to
Raritan
Raritan Bay
Luppatacung Creek to
Raritan Bay
Luppatacung Creek to
Raritan Bay
Conascunk Creek to
Raritan Bay
Flat Creek to Raritan
Bay
Flat Creek to Raritan
Bay
Monascunk Creek to
Raritan Bay
East Creek to Raritan
Bay
East Creek to Raritan
Thorn Creek to Raritan

TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
                                                          Bay

-------
                                   -2-
Ident.
No.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Municipality
Holmdel Twp.
Hazlet Twp
Keansburg
Middletown
Middletown
Middletown
Middletown
Middletown
Middletown


Twp.
Twp .
Twp.*
Twp.
Twp.
Twp.
Atlantic Highlands
Middletown
Highlands
Middletown
Middletown
Sea Bright
Twp.

Twp.
Twp.

Monmouth Beach
Owner
Municipal (Lanvin-Charles of the
Ritz)
Harvrich Ass. K-Mart Shopping
Center
Municipal
St. Catherine's Parish Hall
Middletown Swim & Tennis Club
Township of Middletown Regional
Sew. Auth.
Food Fair Properties Inc.
Howard Johnson Motel and Rest
U.S. Govern. (U.S. Navy) Leonardo
Loading Pier
Municipal
Atlantic Highlands Nursing
Municipal
Middletown Sew. Auth. Middletown
Green
Fort Hancock U. S. Army Installation
Municipal
Northeast Monmouth Regional Sewerage
Design
Cap.
(MGD)
0.180
0.
2.
0.
0.
6.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
10.
024
07
008
008
5
050
015
080
600
013
2
060
55
250
0
Ave. Daily
Flow
(MGD)
0.045
Type of
Treat.
Secondary
Not Available Secondary
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.80
.002
.004
.0
.020
.009
.025
.300
.006
.500
.035
N/A
0
2
.117
.5
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Water
Point Classif-
of Dis. ication
East Creek to Raritan
Bay
Monascunk Creek to
Raritan Bay
Raritan Bay
Tidal ditch . to Raritan
Bay
Mahores Brook to
Raritan
Raritan Bay
Trib. to Mill Brook
to Raritan Bay
Twin Brook to Compton
Creek
Ware Creek to Raritan
Bay
Sandy Hook Bay
Many Mind Brook to
Raritan Bay
Atlantic Ocean
Nut Swamp Brook to
Navesink River
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
CW-2
FW-3
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
TW01
CW-1
FW-3
CW-1
CW-1
CW-2
Authority

-------
                                    -3-
Ident.
No.
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Municipality
Rums on
Rumson
Ocean Port
New Shrewsbury
New Shrewsbury
Long Branch
Ocean Twp.
Deal
Asbury Park
Nep tune Twp .
Ocean Grove
Bradley Beach
Bradley Beach
Avon-by-the-Sea
Neptune Twp.
Neptune Twp.
Neptune City
Belmar
Manas quan
              Owner

Municipal

Bd. of Ed. Dean Porter School

Fort Monmouth D. S. Govern.


Mid-Monmouth Industrial Park


Camp Charles Wood U. S. Govern.


Long Branch Sewer Authority

Ocean Twp. Sewerage Authority

Municipal

Municipal

Camp Meeting Association


Municipal Evergreen Ave. Plant

Municipal Ocean Park Ave. Plant

Municipal

Municipal Plant #2 Old Corless Ave.
  Plant

Municipal Plant //I

Municipal

Municipal

Municipal
Design
Cap.
0.060
0.0056
0.750
0.025
0.500
5.4
3.0
0.3
5.5
0.847
0.335
0.665
0.400
2.5
1.16
0.310
3.0
0.525
Ave
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4.
2.
0.
3.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
1.
0.
. Daily
Flow
230
002
700
020
500
5
2
371
6*
020
218
640
407
657
7
504
8
686
Type of
Treat.
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Point
of Dis.
Navesink River
Nave sink River
Parker's Creek to
Shrewsbury River
Wampum Brook to
Shrewsbury River
Wampum Brook to
Shrewsbury River
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Water
Classif-
ication
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
CW-1
CW-2
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1

-------
-4-
Ident.
No.
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
Municipality
Sea Girt
Sea Girt
Spring Lake
Spring Lake
Spring Lake Heights
Wall Twp.
Wall Twp.
Wall Twp.
Wall Twp.
Freehold Borough
Freehold Twp.
Freehold Twp.
Freehold Twp.
Howell Twp.
Howell Twp.
Farmingdale Boro
Owner
N.J. State Dept. of Defense National
Guard Training Center
Municipal
Municipal Pitney Ave.
Municipal Penn. Ave. Plant
Municipal
U. S. Army Installation Camp Evans
N.J. Highway Auth. (Asbury Park Service
Area)
Arthur Brisbane Child Treat. Center
Geraldine L. Thompson Medical Home
Municipal
Wynnewood Sewerage Utilities Co.
Freehold Sewer Co.
Silvermeade Mobile Homes Park, Inc.
Howell High School-Regional Board of
Ed. (Freehold Dist.)
Adelphia Sewer Company
New Construct. Main Street Apartment
Design
Cap.
(MGD)
0.2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.4
.14
.50
.5
.8
.03
.016
.035
.800
.296
.800
.300
.032
.127
.030
Ave
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
. Daily
Flow
(MGD)
185
378
30
786
450
035
025
016
014
0
300
906
019
015
015
None Avail .
Type of
Treat.
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
Tertiary
Water
Point Classif-
of Dis. ication
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Trib. to Shark River
Trib . to Manasquan
River
Ground Percolation
Pasaquanaqua Branch,
Trib. Manasquan R.
Pasaquanaqua Branch,
Trib. Manasquan R.
Pasaquanaqua Branch,
Trib . , Manasquan R.
Trib. of Manasquan
Riv.
Manasquan Riv.
Manasquan River
Marsh Bog Brook Trib.
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
TW-1
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
                                             Manasquan Riv.

-------
                                                                      -5-
Ident.
 No.
 65

 66

 67

 68

 69

 70

 71


 72


 73

 74

 75

 76

 77

 78


 79


 80


 81
               Municipality
                                   Owner
Freehold Twp.        New Construct. Levitt & Sons

Bay Head             Municipal

Point Pleasant Beach Municipal

Brick Twp.           Brick Plaza, Inc.

Brick Twp.           Brick Twp. Srg. Auth. - Lake Riviera

Brick Twp.           Kennedy Mall Shopping Ctr.

Brick Twp.           Brick Twp. Srg. Auth. - Green Briar
Brick Twp.


Pt. Pleasant Boro

Pt. Pleasant Boro

Lakewood Borough

Lakewood Twp.

Jackson Twp.

Jackson


Jackson Twp.


Jackson Twp.


Jackson Twp.
Brick Twp. Bd. of Ed. - Middle Elem.     0.50
  School

Bd. of Ed. High School

Bd. of Ed. Nellie Bennett School

N. J. Water Co. (Lakewood)

S. Lakewood Sewer Co. (Leisure Village)  0.300

Oak Tree Mobile Home Inc.

United Mobile Homes  (South Wind Mobile  0.045
  Homes)
Design
Cap.
(MGD)
0.050
0.5
1.5
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.800
0.50
0.022
0.015
1.9
0.300
0.045
0.045
Ave. Daily
Flow

(MGD)
None Avail.
0
1
•
0
0
0
.488
.18
030+
.035
.045
.042
New Plant
no flow data
0
0
I
0
0
.012 (Oct.)
.006 (Oct.)
.60
.249
.025
New Plant
no flow data
Type of
Treat.

Secondary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
Tertiary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Water
Point Classif-
of Dis. ication

Trib. Manasquan Riv.
Atlantic Ocean
Ocean
Cedar Bridge Creek
Kettle Cr.
Cedar Bridge Creek
So . Branch Beaver Dam
Creek
Ground recharge
Ground recharge
Pt . Pleasant Canal
S. Br. Metedeconk Riv.
Kettle Cr.
Trib. So. Br. Toms Riv
Ground Percolation

FW-2
CW-1
CW-1
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2


TW-1
FW-2
FW-2
.FW-2

Harmony Sewer Co.
                                        0.144
Jackson Twp. Util. Auth. Brookwood I    0.150
Jackson Twp. Util. Auth. Brookwood II   0.150
                                                      0.065
.162
.139
Secondary  So.  Br.  Metedeconk     FW-2
             River

Secondary  No.  Br.  Metedeconk     FW-2
             River

Secondary  So.  Br.  Metedeconk     FW-2
             River

-------
                                                                     -6-
Ident.
 No.
 82


 83

 84


 85


 86

 87
 90


 91

 92

 93


 94


 95

 96

 97
   Municipality


 Jackson Twp.


 Jackson Twp.

 Howell  Twp.
   (Monmouth Cty)

 Howell  Twp.
   (Monmouth Cty)

 Lavallette

 Dover Twp.

 Seaside Park

 Seaside Heights

 Berkeley Twp.


 Dover Twp.

 Dover Twp.

 Berkeley Twp.


 Berkeley


 Island  Heights

Lacey Twp.

Lacey Twp.
              Owner


Jackson Twp. Util. Auth. Brookwood
   III

Jackson Twp. Bd. of Ed. H. S. Complex   0.100

Maxim Sewer


Crickett Restaurant


Municipal

Dover Sewer Auth. (Ortley Beach)

Municipal

Municipal

Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. (So. Seaside   0.5
  Park)

Dover Twp. Srg. Auth. Toms River Boro   0.544

Dover Twp. Srg. Auth. Holiday City

Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. Berkeley
  Shores

Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. Clamming
  Creek Plant

Municipal

Jersey Central Power & Light

N. J. Hwy. Auth. Forked River Service
  Area
Design
(MGD)
0.300
0.100
0.450
0.006
0.868
6.0
0.96
1.7
0.5
0.544
0.250
0.500
0.250
0.400
0.004
0.040
Ave


0.
0.
0.
0.
3.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
. Daily
Flow
(MGD)
167
10
358
004
870
5
2
5
04
990
173
235
050
148
003
028
Type of
Treat.

Secondary
Tertiary


Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Point
of Dis.

No. Br. Metedeconk
River
No . Br . Toms River
No. Br. Metedeconk
River
No. Br. Metedeconk
River
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Toms River
Kettle Creek
Lagoon to Barnegat
Bay
Clamming Creek
Dillions Creek
Oyster Creek
Cedar Creek
Water
Classif-
ication

FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
FW-2
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2

-------
                                                                      -7-
Ident.
 No.
 98


 99


100

101

102


103


104


105

106

107

108

109


110

111


112


113
  Municipality


Lacey Twp.


Lakehurst Boro


Manchester Twp.

Manchester

Ocean Twp. Ocean
  County

Union Twp.


Berkeley Twp.
              Owner


N. J. Dept. Env. H-Forked River Marina  0.006


Municipal


0. S. Naval Air Station Lakehurst

Crestwood Vil. Sewer Co. Inc.

Mid-Jersey Sewer Crop.  (Waretown)


Pebble Beach Water & Sewer Co.


Bd. of Ed. Clare B. Worth School
Beach Haven Borough  Beach Haven Srg. Akth.

Long Beach Twp.      Long Beach Twp. S. A.

Ship Bottom Borough  Ship Bottom Srg. Auth.

Surf City Borough    Municipal

Stafford Twp.        Stafford Twp. M. U. A.
Tuckerton

Little Egg Harbor
  Twp.

Egg Harbor City
             Hammonton
Tuckerton M. U. A.

Mystic Isles Srg. Co.


Municipal


Municipal
Design
Cap.
(MGD)
0.006
0.300
0.500
0.100
0.0855
0.400
0.010
0.6
2.0
1.2
0.722
0.577
0.5
0.308
Ave. Daily
Flow
Type of
Treat.
Water
Point Classif-
of Dis . ication
(MGD)
No data Est.
flow .003
0.

0.
0.
0.
145
272
114
400
097
Not Avail.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
5
5
78
457
2
31
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Forked River
Union Branch Pine
Lake Toms River
Ridgeway Br. Toms Riv.
Ground Recharge
Waretown Creek
Lochiel Br. Horse
Neck Creek
Discharge into a
swale.
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Mill Creek to Mana-
hawkin Bay
Tuckerton Creek
Rose's Cr. to Great
TW-1
FW-2
FW-2

TW-1
TW-1

CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
CW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
0.340
                                                             2.0
                                         Bay
0.484
              1.248
                                       Landing Cr. to Mullica FW-3
                                         Riv.
               Secondary


               Secondary   Hammonton Creek
                                                                                                                           FW.-2

-------
Ident.
No.

114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
Municipality

Hammonton
Washington Twp.
(Burlington County)
Atlantic City
Atlantic City
Atlantic City
Brigantine
Galloway Twp .
Galloway Twp.
Longport
Linwood
Pleasantville City
Somers Point
Ventnor
Winslow Twp.
Winslow Twp.
Galloway Twp.
Design
Owner Cap .
(MGD)
N. J. Expressway Auth. 0.004
Pacemaker, Inc. 0.010
Atlantic City Sewer Co. City Island 18.1
Plant
Atlantic City Sewer Co. Texas Ave. 0.500
Plant-operational summer months only
Vornado Inc. (Two Guys) 0.01
Municipal 0.600
Seaview Country Club 0.03
N. J. Highway Auth. - Atlantic City 0.030
Service Area
Municipal 0.500
Mainland Regional High School Main- 0.02
land Bd. of Ed.
Municipal 2.05
Somers Ft. City Srg. Auth. 1.05
Ventnor-Margate 3.5
Ancora State Hospital 0.400
Winslow Sanitary
N. J. Dept. of Higher Ed. Stocton
Ave. Daily
Flow
(MGD)
0.004
0.044
15.770
0.750
0.02
1.041
0.010 (Est.)
0.027
0.419
0.010
1.52
0.868
4.856
0.231

M / A
Type of
Treat.

Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Water
Point Classif-
of Dis. ication

Penny Pot Stream
Mullica River
Beach Thorofare
Beach Thorofare
Beach Thorofare
St. George Thorofare
to Absecon Inlet
Reeds Bay
Trib. to Mullica Riv.
Beach Thoro .
Patcong Cr.
Jonathan Thorofare
Patcong Creek
Beach Thorofare
Blue Anchor Mullica
Riv.
Recharge Basins


FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2
TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-2


State College
Secondary  Spray Irrigation

-------
                                    -9-
Ident .
No.
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
Municipality
Buena Borough
Egg Harbor Twp
Galloway Twp .
Hamilton Twp .
Hamilton Twp.
Hamilton Twp.
Hamilton Twp.
Weymouth Twp .
Monroe Twp.
Monroe Twp.
Ocean City
Ocean City
Avalon
Dennis Twp .
Middle Twp .
Middle Twp.
              Owner


Buena Borough Munic. Util. Authority



National Aviation Fac.  Experimental
  Sta.

Lenox, Inc.

Hamilton Twp. Munic. Util. Authority

N. J. Expressway Auth.  Elwood Sect.

Zaberer's Restaurant

Atlantic City Race Track

Belcoville

Mun. Utilities Auth.


American Mobile Homes

Municipal 46th St. Plant

Ocean City Sewer Service Co.

Avalon Sewage Authority

N. J. Highway Auth. - Seaville Service  0.030
  Area

Cape May Bd. Chosen Freeholders-Holmes  0.05
Middle Twp. Sewer District #1 Cape May  0.100
  Court House
Design
Cap.
(MGD)
0.400
0.210
0.020
0.625
0.05
0.028
0.033

0.472
0.056
1.0
2.5
1.0
0.030
Ave. Daily
Flow

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(MGD)
.287
.236
.018
.355
.020
.020
.60
.30 (Est.)
.318
N/A
1
3
0
0
.16
.7
.898
.021
Type of
Treat.

Secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Water
Point Classif-
of Dis. ication

Branch of Deep Run
to Great Egg Harbor
River
Gravelly Run Great
Egg Harbor Riv.
Babcock Creek
Babcock Creek
Makepeace stream
Gravelly Run
Babcock Run
South River
Squamkum Be. of Great
Eau Hudson River
Sub-Surface Disposal
Great Egg Harbor Bay
Great Egg Harbor Bay
Great Sound
Lundlam Bay

TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
FW-3
FW-3
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
0.010          Secondary  Holmes  Creek to  Great   TW-1
                            Sound
0.175
               Primary    Crooked  Brook to Here-  TW-1
                            ford Inlet

-------
                                   -10-
Ident.
No.
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
Municipality
Sea Isle City
Stone Harbor
North Wildwood
Wildwood
Wildwood Crest
Lower Twp .
Lower Twp .
Middle Twp.
Middle Twp.
              Owner


Municipal

Municipal

Municipal

Municipal

Municipal

Shaw Crest Mobile Homes Corp.
Lower Cape Regional - Bd.  of Ed.
  Lower Twp.

Garden Lake Corp.
Florida Motor Court
Design Ave. Daily
Cap. Flow
Type of
Treat.
Point
of Dis .
Water
Classif-
ication
(MGD) (MGD)
0.340
1.2
2.11
3.5
1.3

0.28
0.732
1.022
2.85
1.919
New Plant
No data
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
Ludlams Thorofare
Great Channel
Herefore Inlet
Grassy Sound
Richardson Sound
Richardson Sound
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
TW-1
                                        0.016
0.020
                                        0.060
                                                      0.007
              0.010
                                                      0.020
                             Secondary  Mill Creek
                                                                                                       TW-1
                             Secondary  Creese Creek to Grassy TW-1
                                          Sd.
                                                                     Secondary   Richardson Sound
                                                                                                       TW-1

-------
    There are seven federal sources of municipal waste, with



five located in Monmouth County and one each in Ocean County



and Atlantic County.  Specifics are included in Table 2.



    In the designated conference area, Monmouth County contains



the largest number of point source sewage discharges, and also



the largest flow volume.  An itemization of point source



discharges by County follows:



    County                        No. of Point Sources



    Monmouth                              64



    Ocean                                 47



    Atlantic                              23



    Cape May                              15



    Burlington                             1



    Gloucester                             2



    Camden                                 2
                                         154



    As indicated previously, all point sources undergo some



form of treatment, with the majority of point sources of



sewage given secondary treatment.  Sewage discharges cause



unacceptable water quality levels and have resulted in the



closing of many acres to shellfishing.  Standard health practice



dictates restricting shellfishing areas proximate to sewage



discharges.  The limited assimilative capacity of the coastal



estuaries and tributary streams, and the designated water uses



for the area require additional abatement measures.
                              33

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 B.   Industrial Wastes  (Direct  Discharges)



     Industrial water pollution  in  the  New  Jersey  Coastal  area



 is  a  relatively  minor  problem  in comparison  to  municipal  point



sources of  pollution, since most of the  industry in  the  State



 is  located in  areas north and  west of  the  Conference  area.



     Those  companies that are direct dischargers into  navigable



 waters were required to file applications  for a permit  with the



 Army  Corps of  Engineers to discharge in accordance  with the



 Refuse Act Permit  Program.  This program is  jointly administered



 by  the Corps of  Engineers and  EPA.  Sources  of  information



 for industrial waste characteristics and existing treatment



 facilities were  permit applications and state files.



     In the New Jersey  Coastal  area, eighteen direct dischargers



 have  filed applications for permits (see Table  3).  These



 companies  are  predominantly in  the food processing, chemical,



 paper and  power  generation industries.



     About  two-thirds of the process water  discharged  in the



 region from these  eighteen direct  dischargers comes from the



 Tom's River Chemical Company and practically all  of the



 cooling water  discharged is from three  power generating



 companies, the largest being the Jersey Central Power and



 Light Company  in Lacey Township.



    The largest  contributors of biological oxygen demand are
                             34

-------
                                                                  TABLE NO. 3
                                          Industrial Direct Dischargers - N. J. Atlantic Coastal Area
            Name of Firm
MONMOUTH COUNTY
  Brockway Glass
  Nestle
  3M Minnesota, Mining & Manufacturing Co.
OCEAN COUNTY
                                                Plant Location
Freehold
                                                Freehold
Freehold
                        Receiving Water
                        & Classification
                        DeBois Creek FW-2
                                                                        Tributary to DeBois
                                                                        Creek FW-2
                            Type of
                            Products
                                                Glass Containers
                                                Instant Coffee
                        Passaquanaqua Creek     Magnetic Tape,
                        FW-2                    Coatings
Description of Present
	Discharge	
                                               Flow -.435 MGD
                                               Phenol - 20 pph
                                               Oil & Grease - 58 Ibs/day

                                               Flow - .89 MGD
                                               BOD5 - 434 Ibs/day
                                               Oil & Grease - 97 Ibs/day
                                               Phenol - .87 Ibs/day
                                               Temp.  - 98°F max.

                                               Flow - .33 MGD cooling  water
                                               BOD - 45 Ibs/day
  Borden, Inc.
Pt. Pleasant Beach
  Fish Products
  Jersey Central Power and Light
                                                Tuckerton
Lacey Township
                        Wills Hole Thorofare    Clams
                        TW-1
Newman's Thorofare
TW-1

Oyster Creek TW-1
                                                                                                Animal Feed
                                                                                                Power Generation
Flow - .0868 MGD
BOD5 - 248 Ibs/day
TSS - 145 Ibs/day
Oil & Grease - 7 Ibs/day
F. Coli.  - not available

Flow - 1.326 MGD
Oil & Grease - not available

information not available
Flow - 529 MGD
CAMDEN COUNTY

  Mrs. Paul's Kitchen  (Braddock Frosted
    Foods,  Inc.)
Braddock Winslow Twp.    Tributary to Mullica    Frozen Fish &
                        River FW-2              Vegetables
                                               Flow  -  .2 MGD  Cooling Water
                                               Temp. - 67°F
                                               pH  -  5.6* - 8.5
                                               TS  -  90 Ibs/day
                                               BOD5  -  8.4 Ibs/day
                                               Copper  - .25 Ibs/day
                                               Iron  -  .25 Ibs/day
                                               *Intake water  is naturally
                                               acidic

-------
                                                                      -2-
            Name of Firm
  Tom's River Chemical
Plant Location

Tom's River Dover
Twp.
Receiving Water
& Classification

Atlantic Ocean CW-2
Tom's River FW-2
   Type of
   Products

Dyes, Resins,
Pesticides, Cooling
Water
Description of Present
	Discharge	

Discharge 3 (2)
TSS - 3900 Ibs/day
BOD5 - 13,200 Ibs/day
COD - 31,300 Ibs/day
Ammonia (N) - 825 Ibs/day
Cadmium - 1.1 Ibs/day
Chromium - 26.2 Ibs/day
Copper - 36.7 Ibs/day
Lead -14.7 Ibs/day
Mercury - 0.15 Ibs/day
Zinc - 26.3 Ibs/day
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons -
6,150 Ibs/day  (3)
Nitrobenzene - 132 Ibs/day
Nickel - 10.8  Ibs/day
Phenol - 3.0 Ibs/day
BURLINGTON COUNTY
  Pacemaker
Lower Bank,
Washington Twp.
                                                                        Mullica River TW-1
                                                                                                Boats
                                               Flow - .0005 MGD Cooling
                                                 Water
                                                    - .0001 MGD Process
                                                 Water
                                               Temp. - #1:
                                                                                                                             - #2
                                                                                                                       pH - 6.5 -
                                                                                   60°F Ave.,
                                                                                   72°F max.
                                                                                   75°F Ave.,
                                                                                   85°F max.
                                                                                  8.5
ATLANTIC COUNTY

  Atlantic City Electric
  Humble Oil (Oil Terminal)
Atlantic City
Atlantic City
Beach Thorofare TW-1
Clam Creek TW-1
Power Generation
Oil Terminal
 66 MGD
 Stormwater
 Oil & Grease - 9 mg/1 in
 treated Stormwater
  Lenox China
Pomona, Galloway
Twp.
Jack Pudding Branch     Fine China
of Babcock Creek FW-3
  L. N. Renault & Sons (Universal Foods Corp.)  Galloway Twp.
                                                                        Elliot's Creek FW-2
                                                Wine
                       Flow  -  .15 MGD  (includes
                       sanitary)

                       Maximum (4)
                       Flow  -  .007 MGD
                       BOD5  -  770 Ibs/day
                       TSS - 512 Ibs/day
                       Color - 175 PT-CO Units

-------
                                                                      —3 —
            Name of Firm
  Scott Paper
CAPE MAY COUNTY
  Atlantic City Electric Co.
  Borden, Inc.
                                                Plant Location
Landisville
Beesley's Point
                                                Cape May
  Haynie Products
Middle Twp.
  Wildwood Clam Co.

Notes
Wildwood
                        Receiving Water
                        & Classification
                           Type of
                           Products
Tributary of Deep Run   Paper Products
FW-3
    Harbor Bay TW-1     Power Generation
                        Upper Thorofare TW-1    Clams
Jude's Creek to
Richardson Channel
TW-1
Otten's Harbor TW-1
(1)  Average daily loadings given unless specified otherwise.

(2)  For the Tom's River Chemical Company, values are only given for discharge #3,
     the process water discharge to the Ocean.  The other four discharges are to
     Tom's River (Cooling Water).

(3)  Recent information from company indicates lower value - company continuing
     to evaluate.

(4)  Source of information - Refuse Act Permit Program Applications.

(5)  Discharge Loadings are net values, i.e. substances added to the receiving waterway.
Refined Fish Oil
                                                Clam Packaging
                       Description of Present
                       	Discharge	

                       Flow - .01 Cooling Water
                       pH - 6.5 - 7.5
                       Temp. - 80°F max.
Flow - 189 MGD  (units 1 & 2)
Proposed: 298 MGD
Description of  current
discharge not available

Average:
Flow - 0.257 MGD
TSS - 696 Ibs/day
BOD5- 161 Ibs/day
Oil & Grease -  10.8 Ibs/day
Fecal Coli - N/A

Flow - .0018 MGD
BOD5 - 69 Ibs/day
TSS - 1 Ib/day
Oil & Grease -  6 Ibs/day
Phenol — no data
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons -
no data
Ph - 7.9

Flow - .005 MGD

-------
the Tom's River Chemical  Company and Nestle Company.  The



only known direct discharger of metal wastes is the Tom's



River Chemical Company.



    Table 3 gives major features and effluent characteristics



for each of the industries.



C.  Industrial Haste in Municipal Systems



    As indicated previously, industrial waste do not comprise



the major pollutional factor in the Jersey Coastal Area and



designated study region.   Thirteen industrial plants are



reported to discharge waste to municipal sewage treatment



facilities (3).  Considering the number of point sources of



domestic sewage and the extent of the conference area, this



seems to be a relatively small industrial waste contribution.



    To further verify and assess the extent of industrial



waste in municipal  systems, with primary analysis given to



material (heavy metals) which might upset the municipal



sewage system or would not be removed via bio-oxidation,



24 hr. composite samples of selected sewage treatment facilities



were collected and analyzed for heavy metals.  The samples



were collected on December 16 - 17, 1972 by the Surveillance



and Analysis Division of Region II EPA.  The following plants



are sampled:
                            35

-------
    Name              Treatment              Flow on Sampling Date

Atlantic City     Primary Treatment                11.25 MGD

Pleasantville     Secondary Treatment -             1.0 MGD
                  High Rate Trickling
                  Filtration

Lakewood          Secondary Treatment -             1.8 MGD
                  High Rate Trickling
                  Filtration

Belmar            Primary Treatment                 1.7 MGD

    Bel mar would be a representative community with very little

industrial waste; Atlantic City, Lakewood and Pleasantville

are stable communities with a higher probability of containing

industries or establishments that could produce liquid wastes.

Plant operators for all of these communities informed EPA

that they knew of no significant industry served by their

sewer collection system.

    On the whole, heavy metal concentrations in the effluents

from these sample communities does not appear to be of great

significance.  Concentrations of zinc were high at Pleasantville

and copper concentrations were somewhat high in Pleasantville

and Lakewood.  Data on the sampling results are appended for

reference.

    Reviewing the problem of industrial waste in municipal

systems, it appears that although the problem is not one of

major importance or of a pivotal nature to the Jersey Coastal

Area, consideration and precautions should be taken in terms of
                             36

-------
dischargers to municipal  sewage systems.  The sewage plant



should not become overloaded by industrial waste,nor should



it be upset by toxic heavy metals.  In addition, precautions



and ordinances should insure that appreciable amounts of



toxic heavy metals are not discharged to the sewage plant



for two reasons:  first   they may pass through the plant



without treatment and thus have a deleterious effect on the



receiving waters and its assigned usage; and secondly, if



toxic heavy metals are removed at the treatment plant, they



could cause problems either via leaching into the ground at



digested sludge landfill  sites or by gaining access to the air



via sludge incineration.



    Guidelines for industrial  wastes (pre-treatment) in sewage



treatment systems are presented in Section VII.



D.  Ocean Dumping



    Ocean dumping of sewage sludge, harbor dredging and certain



chemicals is practiced in the  vicinity of the Jersey Caostal



area.  This dumping takes place approximately 12 miles from



Sandy Hook beach in the Atlantic Ocean.  Ocean dumping is



administered by the Corps of Engineers via a permit system.



A study of the impact of this  dumping by the Sandy Hook Marine



Laboratory on behalf of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers is



underway.



    There is some evidence, based on these studies, that



material  dumped at sea disposal sites are finding their way



to the Jersey coastline.  Although, evidence has not yet





                            37

-------
conclusively indicated that sludge and other materials dumped
off Sandy Hook reach Jersey Coastal surf waters.
    Evidence which indicates a possible detrimental  effect
from ocean dumping at the Sandy Hook site focuses attention
concerning pollution from dump sites 10 miles from the
entrance to Delaware state.  This dump site is used  by the
cities of Camden, Phi la., Baltimore, and others.  Current
EPA policy, and also state of New Jersey policy,as indicated
in Governor Cahill's statement of 2/14/70, is in favor of
phasing out all the ocean dumping at present sites.   EPA interim
policy proposes a phasing out of ocean disposal  of digested
sewage sludges, while state of New Jersey policy, as contained
in Governor Cahill's message (see Appendix) also proposes
a phasing out of ocean dumping.  New Jersey has  adopted
legislation (Clean Oceans Act) authorizing the New Jersey
Department of Environmental Protection to regulate dumping
from New Jersey.
    Current thought and study is being given by  EPA  to allowing
disposal of sewage sludges, after rendering as innocuous as is
feasible, at deep sea sites.  The rationale underlying this
analysis is that due to limited land disposal sites  for solids,
and also due to potential air pollution problems from
incineration, deep sea ocean disposal  of thoroughly  digested
sewage sludges may be the alternate which, from  a total
environment viewpoint, is least objectionable, and might be
beneficial, under certain circumstances, to marine life.
                            38

-------
    In discussing ocean dumping as it relates to the Jersey



coastal area, it must be remembered that the majority of



material disposed of via ocean dumping off the Jersey coast



does not originate from the Jersey coastal area.  This



problem is regional  in scope and can be resolved only through



federal and inter-state cooperation.



E.  Recreational Boating



    Recreational boating can represent a significant source of



pollution, particularly from the standpoint of pathogenic



bacteria.  Over 300,000 boats are registered within a few



hours drive of the Jersey coast area, indicating the potential



impact of pollution  from this source (2).  The development of



marinas and associate facilities, (presently in excess of 100



launch ramp and 18,000 marine berths) to meet present and



future recreational  boating needs will  intensify the pollution



problem from recreational  boating.



    The recommendations of the 1967 enforcement conference



included a directive that controls measures aimed at abating



pollutants from boats operating in the tidal waters of the



Jersey Coastal  Area  should be adopted by the State of



New Jersey.  It is the position of New Jersey that, because



of the interstate nature of the problem, guidelines should



be established  by the federal government for adoption by the



various states  in order to achieve uniform requirements.



New Jersey pollution control officials believe that the most
                            39

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feasible and advantageous method to solve the problem of



boat pollution would be to require that boats be equipped



with holding tanks, with appropriate land treatment  facilities.



EPA standards were proposed in May, 1971.



F.  Other Pollution Sources



    Water quality may be adversely affected  by a variety of



other land and water uses.  Agricultural activities within



the area result in chemicals spread over the land surface



being washed into surface water or percolated into ground



water aquifers.  Another source of pollution is dredging,



which can result in a re-suspension of accumulated organic



sludges and silt.  In addition, uncontrolled dredging may



result in the formulation of significant holes in the bottom of



a bay, thereby increasing detention time and circulation of



the water and the subsequent flushing of the system.



    And finally, probably most significant source of pollution,



not previously discussed in detail, is the discharge of domestic,



and, to a much lesser extent, industrial waste to the ground.



In excess of 100,000 homes within the Atlantic Coastal Area



are served by cesspools or septic tanks.  Leaching of contaminants



may constitute a significant source of pollution.  Also, in



addition to the sewage plants that dispose of wastes into the



ground, some food processing firms dispose of their waste via



spray irrigation.  These include:  Farmingdale Associates,



Howell Townships; Keller Brothers, Farmingdale; and Scott Paper



Co. in Landisville.






                             40

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    Recognizing the potential  hazard from pollutants leaching



into ground and surface waters,  the state of New Jersey



initiated, on January 15,  1972,  new regulations governing



the installation of sub-surface  disposal  systems which would



protect the environment from pollution via the sub-surface



discharge of pollutants.  These  regulations require that



New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection approval be



given prior to installation of septic tanks along low-lying



sections of the Jersey shore.   In this way, where the location



was not appropriate,  or where  the existing stratum could no



longer handle additional septic  tank discharges, a permit for



construction would not be  issued.  These  rules are intended



to protect the environment until  the recently enacted "Wetlands



Act" regulations take effect.   The "Wetlands Act" provides



a comprehensive set of guidelines to protect the environment



in low-lying  areas (marshlands,  etc.)



    Also, it has been and  is the  policy of the state of



New Jersey to  encourage and require the  development of sewer



systems, either where population  densities are sufficient to



support the cost of sewers, or where a condition hazardous



to public health exists due to sub-surface disposal of sewage.
                            41

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                        SECTION VI

             RECOMMENDED IMPLEMENTATION PLANS



A.  Recommendations of Enforcement Conference (1967),
    Water Quality Standards and State Policy

    From a water pollution control viewpoint, the fresh and

estuarine waters of the New Jersey Atlantic Coastal Area do not

provide a capacity for assimilating appreciable amounts of

treated wastewater.  The majority of fresh waters in the

conference area are classified as suitable for a source of

potable waters.  Inland tidal waters have been classified as

suitable, where permitted, for shellfish harvesting.  Also,

an extensive surf zone in the Atlantic Ocean has been

classified as primary contact recreation waters.  Such uses

and the delicate estuarine character of the coastal area

require very high receiving water quality.

    Recognizing the sensitivity and inabilty of the fresh

and tidal waters to accept appreciable waste discharges, water

quality standards proposed in 1967, and subsequently federally

approved, require a minimum of 95% BOD removal for discharges

to coastal estuaries and their tributary streams.  One of the

recommendations of the Enforcement Conference (1967) was that

"it would be necessary for even treated waste to be

eliminated, since some danger of contamination  (shellfish)

exists even when adequate treatment is required.  Construction
                               42

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of required waste treatment systems which provide adequate



treatment prior to discharge through a limited number of



outfalls into the estuaries or through outfall lines extending



into the ocean will  permit opening many areas now closed to



the harvesting of shellfish." (4)



    New Jersey policy, in regard to solving the problem of



pollution for this area, has encouraged and required the



development of regional  sewage systems with final discharge



of treated effluent to the Atlantic ocean.  It was felt by



state officials that the fresh water and inland tidal waters



were simply not capable of assimilating any appreciable loads



placed upon them (BOD and coliforms) and remain suitable for



intended purposes.   County master plans and studies, conducted



by consulting engineer firms, supported the state position.



Accordingly, every regional plan for sewage in the conference



area provides for either ocean discharges of secondary treated



effluent or, in a few remote inland areas, land recharge,



after appropriate treatment.  It is felt that construction



of a series of regional  treatment systems will be the most



important step, in an overall plan of water resources management,



to restoring the Jersey coastal  area waters to their designated



quality and usage.



    Construction of proposed regional  plans would provide



additional  protection to inland fresh surface waters for



future use  as  sources of potable water supply, enhance water
                            43

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quality in those fresh water streams presently receiving
treated waste, continue to protect ocean bathing waters and
maximize the restoration of presently closed shellfish
harvesting areas.
    The state of New Jersey has statutory authority to
require water pollution control facilities to conform to
state approved regional plans  (regional sewage collection
and treatment facilities).  In 1968, the states power to
enforce a policy of regionalization was upheld in the courts.
The state of New Jersey has resorted to court proceedings
to insure implementation of recommended regional treatment
systems.
    U. S. Environmental Protection Agency policy also supports
treatment proposals which are  in concurrence with approved
regional plans, as evidenced in the construction grants
guideline which allow a larger percentage of federal
assistance for a plant that is in conformance with an approved
regional plan.
B.  Regional Systems - Domestic Sewage
    To accomplish pollution control for domestic sewage from
the Atlantic Coastal and designated study area, 18 major
regional treatment facilities, with subsequent discharges of
treated effluent into the Atlantic Ocean, are proposed.  There
will be 16 regional outfalls extending into the Atlantic
Ocean, into waters classified as CW-2, to accommodate discharges
                              44

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from the various regional  treatment facilities.
    In addition, consistent with the policy of eliminating
domestic sewage discharges from estuaries and tributary
streams, five smaller treatment facilities are proposed to
accommodate sewage needs of areas too remote to be included
in the 18 major regional treatment systems.  At some time in
the future, assuming that sufficient development occurs,
population densities may justify extending interceptors to
include flows from these five treatment plants in regional
treatment systems (ocean outfalls).  For the foreseeable future,
these facilities will discharge treated wastes to the ground,
after appropriate treatment, which will insure protection of
ground water quality.
    Of the 18 major regional treatment facilities (with final
discharge to ocean) 10 will serve Monmouth county, 5 will
serve Ocean county, one regional system will serve Atlantic
county, and three regional systems will serve Cape May county.
Of course, in certain instances, one regional system may
include discharges from two counties, as in the development
of any regional  treatment system, drainage basins and land
topography are significant factors determining the service
area for a regional treatment facility.
    The treatment facilities are shown on Figure VI and listed
as follows:
                             45

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           REGIONAL  TREATMENT  FACILITIES  LOCATION  PLAN
 H
       LEGEND

0  With Ocean Outfalls

I  Ground Recharge
                                                                UNION BEACH

                                                                MIDDLETOWN TOWNSHIP

                                                                   ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS
  BAYSHORE OUTFALL AUTHORITY

NORTHEAST MONMOUTH
• LONG BRANCH
 OCEAN TOWNSHIP
  ASBURY PARK
 NEPTUNE TOWNSHIP

SOUTH MONMOUTH

MANASQUAN RIVER

 METEDECONK RIVER


ISLAND BEACH
                                                               CENTRAL BASIN-CEDAR CREEK
                                                              SOUTHERN BASIN-MILL CREEK
                                                     ATLANTIC COASTAL
                                           OCEAN CITY
                                                     Scale in Miles
                                                     _|	I
                                                     10
                                                             20
                                                                    30
                                      AVALON

                                 WILDWOODS
                                      Figure  VI

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   Monmouth  County
   1.   Atlantic  Highlands  -  Highlands  Regional  Sewerage Authority
   2.   Middletown Township Regional  Sewerage  Authority
   3.   Bayshore  Regional  Sewerage  Authority
   4.   Northeast Monmouth  Regional  Sewerage Authority
   5.   Long  Branch  Sewerage  Authority
   6.   Ocean Township Sewerage Authority
   7.   Asbury Park  Subregion
   8.   Neptune Township Subregion
   9.   South Monmouth Regional Sewerage Authority
   10.   Manasquan River Subregion
   Ocean County
   11.   Metedeconk  River Subregion
   12.   Island Beach Subregion
   13.   Central Basin Subregion
   14.   Southern Subregion
   Atlantic  County
   15.   Atlantic Coastal Subregion
   Cape May  County
   16.   Ocean City  Subregion
   17.   Stone Harbor - Sea Isle City Subregion
   18.   Wildwoods Subregion
   The five  (5)  plants that  will utilize  ground discharge,  as
shown on Figure VI,  are:
                            46

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    1.   Egg Harbor City



    2.   Town of Hammonton



    3.   Winslow Township (Ancora State Hospital)



    4.   Hamilton Township (Mays Landing)



    5.   Buena Borough



    Of the above listed regional treatment systems (with



final  discharges to Atlantic ocean), the Atlantic Highlands,



Middletown and Bayshore regional treatment systems all will



discharge through a common outfall  to the Atlantic ocean



(Monmouth County Bayshore Outfall  Authority).  As indicated



previously, wastes from the service areas of these three



regional systems, located along the north shore of Monmouth



county (Sandy Hook Bay - Raritan Bay), do not currently



discharge to the Atlantic Ocean.  We have included these three



regional systems for conference consideration since their



final  discharge will eventually be directed into the Atlantic



Coastal  waters.  The remaining 15 regional treatment facilities



will each be served by an individual outfall.  Development



and implementation of proposed regional plans for domestic



sewage treatment will be accomplished by diverting present



point source discharges into regional interceptors and collectors,



subsequently directing the flow to the appropriate regional



facilities.  In most cases, existing treatment facilities will
                            47

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be deactivated, and utilized as collection points and pump
stations to divert wastes from a locality or area into a
regional interceptor or collection sewer.
    Table 4 indicates the point source discharges recommended
for inclusion in each regional system; also the point sources
recommended for inclusion in the five (5) major plants
employing ground disposal.
    In terms of treatment, the major regional facilities
(with ocean discharge of treated effluent) will provide
secondary biological treatment (min. 85% BOD removal).  The
five (5) major treatment plants which will discharge effluents
into the ground will provide tertiary treatment, as is
necessary for ground discharge.  All facilities will provide
year-round disinfection (chlorination) of the wastewater.
    The discharge from the U. S. Army Installation at Fort
Hancock (Sandy Hook Area) will be given secondary treatment,
plus adequate disinfection in an individual treatment facility.
The effluent will be discharged to the Atlantic Ocean via an
ocean outfall.
    In terms of the small, remote, inland domestic sewage
point source discharges for which ground discharge systems
are envisioned, final details of pollution abatement (point
sources to be.served by various plants, type of treatment, etc.)
will be confirmed and/or finalized after detailed engineering
studies.
                             48

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                                     TABLE NO.  4
         Sewage Point Sources to be Served by Regional Plants  (Near  Future)
A.
B.
C.
 Regional Plant
   (System)

Atlantic Highlands
Highlands Regional
Sewerage Authority

Middletown Twp.
Regional Sewerage
Authority
Bayshore Regional
Sewerage Authority
                                  Municipality
Atlantic Highlands
Highlands
Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.

Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.
Middletown Twp.

Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.

Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.
Hazlet Twp.
Homdel Twp.
Keansburg
Union Beach
Union Beach
                                    Owner
Municipal
Municipal
Atlantic Highlands Nursing Home, Inc.
Food Fair Properties ,  Inc.
Howard Johnson Motel and Restaurant
Middletown Sewage Authority -
Middletown Green
Middletown Swim and Tennis Club
St. Catherine's Parish Hall
Middletown Twp. Regional Sewage Auth.
U. S. Navy - Leonardo Loading Pier

Bayshore Sewerage Company
Beer Street School - Board of Education
Family Circle Associates
Harvich Associates - K-Mart Shopping
Center
Hazlet Twp. Sewage Authority
Holly Hill Mobile Home Park
International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.
J. M. Fields Department Stores
Municipal  (Lanvin - Charles of  the Ritz)
Municipal
Board of Education - Memorial Park School
International Flavors and  Fragrances
(Domestic)

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     Regional Plant
       (System)
D.  Northeast Monmouth
    Regional Sewerage
    Authority
E.  Long Branch Sewerage
    Authority

F.  Ocean Twp. Sewerage
    Authority

G.  Asbury Park Subregion

H.  Neptune Twp. Subregion
          —2—
   Municipality
Keyport
Matawan Borough
Matawan Twp.

Matawan Twp.
Matawan Twp.

Sea Bright
Monmouth Beach

Rumson
Rumson
Oceanport
New Shrewsbury
New Shrewsbury

Long Branch
Ocean Twp.
Deal

Asbury Park

Bradley Beach
Bradley Beach
Avon-by-the-Sea
Neptune Twp. Ocean
 Grove
Neptune Twp.

Neptune Twp.
Neptune City
          Owner
Municipal
Municipal
Matawan Twp. Mun. Utilities Auth. -
Cliffwood Beach
MTMUA - River Gardens
MTMUA - Stratmore

Municipal
Northeast Monmouth Regional Sewerage
Authority
Municipal Plant
Board of Education - Dean Porter School
Fort Monmouth (U. S. Government)
Mid-Monmouth Industrial Park
Camp Charles Wood (U. S. Government)

Long Branch Sewer Authority
Ocean Twp. Sewerage
Municipal

Municipal

Municipal Evergreen Ave. Plant
Municipal Ocean Park Ave. Plant
Municipal
Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association

Municipal Plant #2 Old Corless Ave.
Plant
Municipal Plant #1 Penn Ave.
Municipal

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     Regional Plant
       (System)

    South Monmouth Regional
    Sewerage Authority
J.  Manasquan River Subregion
K.  Metedeconk Subregion
          -3-

   Munlcipality
Belmar
Manasquan
Sea Girt

Sea Girt
Spring Lake
Spring Lake
Spring Lake Heights
Wall Twp.
Wall Twp.

Wall Twp.

Freehold Borough
Freehold Twp.
Freehold Twp.
Freehold Twp.
Howell Twp.

Howell Twp.
Howell Twp.
Farmingdale Borough
Freehold Twp.
Wall Twp.

Bay Head
Point Pleasant Beach
Brick Twp.
Brick Twp.
Brick Twp.
          Owner
Municipal
Municipal
N. J. State Dept.  of Defense National
Guard Training Center
Municipal
Municipal Pitney Ave. Plant
Municipal Penn. Ave. Plant
Municipal
U. S. Army Installation Camp Evans
N. J. Highway Authority - Asbury Park
Service Area
Geraldine L. Thompson Medical Home

Municipal
Wynnewood Sewerage Utilities Co.
Freehold Sewer Co.
Silvermeade Mobile HOmes Park, Inc.
Howell High School-Regional Board
of Education (Freehold District)
Adelphia Sewer Company
Farmingdale Associates
Main Street Apartments (New Construct.)
Levitt & Sons  (New Construction)
Arthur Brisbane Child Treatment Center

Municipal
Municipal
Brick Plaza, Inc.
Brick Twp.  Srg. Auth. - Lake Riviera
Kennedy Mall Shopping Ctr.

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    Regional Plant
      (System)
    Island Beach Subregion
                                     -4-
                              Municipality
                               Brick Twp.
                               Brick Twp.

                               Pt.  Pleasant Borough
                               Pt.  Pleasant Borough
                               Lakewood Borough
                               Lakewood Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Jackson Twp.
                               Howe11 Twp
                                                     Owner
                                                     Brick Twp.  Srg.  Auth.  - Green Briar
                                                     Brick Twp.  Bd.  of  Ed.  - Middle Elem.
                                                     School
                                                     Bd.  of Ed.  High  School
                                                     Bd.  of Ed.  Nellie  Bennett  School
                                                     N. J.  Water Co.  (Lakewood)
                                                     S. Lakewood Water  Co.
                                                     Oak  Tree  Mobile  Home  Inc.
                                                     United Mobile Homes  (South Wind
                                                     Mobile Homes)
                                                     Harmony Sewer Co.
                                                     Jackson Twp. Util
                                                     Jackson Twp. Util
                                                     Jackson Twp. Util
                                                     Jackson  Twp.  Bd.
                                       (Monmouth Cy)  Maxim Sewer  Co.
                           Howell Twp.  (Monmouth Cy)  Crickett Restaurant
                                                              Auth. Brookwood I
                                                              Auth. Brookwood II
                                                              Auth. Brookwood III
                                                            of Ed. H. S. Complex
M.
Central
                           Lavallette
                           Dover Twp.
                           Seaside Park
                           Seaside Heights
                           Berkeley Twp.
(Basin Subregion)  Dover  Twp.
                  Dover  Twp.
                  Dover  Twp.
                  Berkeley Twp.
                  Berkeley
Municipal
Dover Sewer Auth. (Ortley Beach)
Municipal
Municipal
Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. (So. Seaside
Park)

Dover Twp. Srg. Auth. - Toms River Boro
Dover Twp. Srg. Auth. - Holiday City
Toms River Chemical Co.
Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. Berkeley Shores
Berkeley Twp. Srg. Auth. - Clamming Crk.
Plant

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                                     -5-
 Regional Plant
    (System)
Southern Subregion
   Municipality
Island Heights
Lacey Twp.
Lacey Twp.

Lacey Twp.
Lakehurst Borough
Manchester Twp.
Manchester Twp.
Ocean Twp.  Ocean County
Union Twp.

Beach Haven Borough
Long Beach Twp.
Ship Bottom Borough
Surf City Borough
Stafford Twp.
Tuckerton
Little Egg Harbor Twp.
Atlantic Coastal Subregion Atlantic City

                           Atlantic City

                           Atlantic City
                           Brigantine
                           Galloway Twp.
                           Galloway Twp.
           Owner
Municipal
Jersey Central Power & Light
N. J. Hwy. Auth. Forked River Service
Area
N. J. Dept. Env. H-Forked River Marina
Municipal
U. S. Naval Air Station Lakehurst
Crestwood  Vil. Sewer Co. Inc.
Mid-Jersey Sewer Corp. (Waretown)
Pebble Beach Water & Sewer Co.

Beach Haven Srg. Auth.
Long Beach Twp. S. A.
Ship Bottom Srg. Auth.
Municipal
Stafford Twp. M. U. A.
Tuckerton M. U. A.
Mystic Isles Sewerage Company

Atlantic City Sewer Co. City Island
Plant
Atlantic City Sewer Co. Texas Ave.
Plant -Operational summer months only
Vornado Inc. (Two Guys)
Municipal
Seaview Country Club
N. J. Highway Auth. - Atlantic City
Service Area

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     Regional Plant
       (System)
    Ocean City Subregion
    Stone Harbor - Sea Isle
    City Subregion
R.  Wildwoods Subregion
   Municipality
Longport
Linwood

Pleasantville City
Somers Point
Ventnor

Ocean City
Ocean City
Upper Twp.

Avalon
Dennis Twp.

Middle Twp.

Middle Twp.

Sea Isle City
Stone Harbor

North Wildwood
Wildwood
Wildwood Crest
Lower Twp.
Lower Twp.

Middle Twp.
Middle Twp.
          Owner
Municipal
Mainland Regional High School-Mainland
Bd. of Ed.
Municipal
Somers Point City Srg. Auth.
Ventnor-Margate Sewerage Auth.

Municipal 46th St. Plant
Ocean City Sewer Service Co.
Bay Motel Corp.

Avalon Sewage Authority
N. J. Highway Auth. Seaville Service
Area
Cape May Bd. of Chosen Freeholders -
Holmes Creek Plant
Middle Twp. Sewer District #1 Cape
May Court House
Municipal
Municipal

Municipal
Municipal
Municipal
Shaw Crest Mobile Homes Corp.
Lower Cape May Regional - Bd. of
Education Lower Twp.
Garden Lake Corp.
Florida Motor Court

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                                         -7-
     Regional Plant
        (System)

S.  Egg Harbor City

T.  Town of Hammonton
U.  Winslow Twp.  (Ancora
    State Hospital)

V.  Hamilton Twp.  (Mays
    Landing)
W.
                      Plants Utilizing Ground Disposal

                              Municipality
Buena Borough
Miscellaneous
                           Egg Harbor City

                           Hammonton
                           Hammonton
                           Hammonton

                           Winslow
                           Winslow

                           Galloway Twp.
                           Hamilton Twp.
                           Hamilton Twp.
                           Hamilton Twp.
                           Weymouth Twp.
                           Egg Harbor Twp.
Buena Borough
                                    Owner
Municipal

Municipal
N. J. Expressway Authority
N. J. Expressway Authority (Elmwood Sect.)

Ancora State Hospital
Winslow Sewage Co.

Lenox, Inc.
Hamilton Twp. Munic. Util. Authority
Zaberer's Restaurant
Atlantic City Race Track
Belcoville
National Aviation Facilities Experi-
mental Station

Buena Borough Munic. Util. Authority
(1)  Fort Hancock (U. S. Army Installation) - Middletown Township - to provide secondary
     treatment with discharge through ocean outfall to Atlantic Ocean.

(2)  Isolated small plants not included in ground disposal systems are:

                         Pacemaker Corp.  (Washington Township)
                         Monroe Township  (Municipal Utilities Authority)
                         Monroe Township  (American Mobile Home Park)
     Detailed engineering studies to determine final pollution abatement system (tertiary
     treatment, ground discharge, etc.)

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C.  Assessment of Impact of Regional Systems on Water Quality
    Criteria
    The communities within the New Jersey Coastal Basin
have for many years discharged their wastewaters into numerous
streams and embayments resulting in the depressed water quality
existing in many of these inland waterways.  In order to
achieve the goal of maximum restoration, enhancement and
protection of these coastal waters, it has been recommended,
where ground recharge is not applied, that these wastewaters
are to be treated at eighteen (18) regional treatment facilities
and subsequently discharged by means of sixteen (16) ocean
outfalls along the New Jersey coast.
    The basic concept behind this course of action is that
ocean disposal of wastewater effluent is considered to be
more desirable than discharges into inland waterways or bays
because of the greater ability of the ocean to assimilate
the wastes.  With the anticipated growth of population in
these areas and the related increase in flows, this consideration
of wastewater assimilative capacity takes an added significance.
    During the summers of 1966, 1967 and 1968, the consulting
firm of Fellows, Read, and Weber, Inc., undertook an extensive
ocean current testing program under contract to the New Jersey
State Department of Health to evaluate pertinent aspects of
the ocean outfall alternative.
                             49

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    All  proposed regional  outfalls will extend into the CW-2



waters to insure protection of contact recreation usage in



the CW-1  waters.



    The outfalls and related diffusers will be submerged and



will thus well  afford maximum dilutions of the discharged



effluent.  The dilutions achieved may be classified due to



three physical  mechanisms:



    a.  Initial jet mixing - dilution due to the turbulence



and resultant mixing action as the wastewater plume rises to



the surface above the diffuser.   These projected dilutions



were computed for each of the proposed regional  outfalls by



utilizing a digital computer model developed by Baumgartner



et al., (1970), to analyze submerged outfall discharges.  The



pertinent outfall and diffuser designs, flow rates, etc.,



which were used in these analyses were provided by New Jersey



State Department of Environmental Protection and were largely



the result of extensive oceanographic studies carried out from



1966 through 1968 (Fellows, .Read and Weber, 1968).  Assuming



quiescent (conservative) and non-stratified conditions, these



initial  dilutions will range from 48: 1 to 202 :  1 for the



regional  outfalls.  "Past observation and experience indicate



that . .  .  waste water from secondary treatment plants will be



indistinguishable when diluted 50 :  1" (5).  A summary of the



proposed  regional outfall  designs and projected dilutions are



included  in Table 5  .
                            50

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    b.   Surface dispersion - dilution due to action of pre-
vailing surface currents and eddy currents on the sewage field
as it drifts away from the point of discharge.  An extensive
evaluation of the general current patterns and available surface
dilutions along the entire Jersey Coast was performed under the
aforementioned oceanographic studies.  Results of these tests
have also been tabulated in Table 5.
    c.   Bacterial die-off - beyond the obvious consideration
of plume visability, the remaining major item of consideration
is bacterial concentration within the nearshore waters
classified for contact recreation.  These concentrations will
be reduced by means of the initial and surface dilutions and,
in addition, will be lessened by the natural bacterial die-off
resulting from salinity, sunlight, agglomeration and sedimentation
It is known that the time required for 90 percent of this
die-off normally ranges from 1  to 6 hours.  ( 6 )
    Through the evaluation of these three mechanisms, the
following conclusions concerning the coastal aesthetic and
usage impact of the proposed regional outfalls have been
reached :
    a.   The initial dilutions provided by the recommended
diffuser designs and discharge locations will be adequate to
produce an indiscernible surface plume under non-stratified
conditions.  If stratification does occur, as is likely during
summer months, it is probable that the sewage plumes may
never reach the surface of the CW-2 receiving waters.

                             51

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                                                                  TABLE NO. 5

                                                Proposed Ocean Outfalls - New Jersey Coastal Area
            Regional Treatment
            	Plant	

Bayshore Outfall Authority
N. E. Monmouth Regional Sewerage Authority
Long Branch  Sewerage Authority
Ocean Township  Sewerage Authority
Asbury Park Subregion 3/
Neptune Twp. Subregion 3/
South Monmouth Regional Sewerage Authority

Manasquan River Subregion _3/
Metedeconk River Subregion
Island Beach Subregion
Central Subregion

Mill Creek - Southern Subregion

Atlantic Coastal Subregion
Ocean City Subregion
Stone Harbor - Sea Isle City Subregion
Wildwoods Subregion

Fort Hancock _3/

Notes:
Design
Aver.
23
15
8.1
2



10
6




51



Flow (MGD)
Max.
33
33
12.5
4
6
18
10
14
15
4
26
1
10
92
15
10
15
Outfall I/
Length(Ft)
4000
2500
1800
1800

1800
2100
2750
3500
3100
3100
2600
2600
13000
9000
5400
8100
Dif fuser
Length(Ft)
640
960
300
300

260
600
750
1000
300
2000
300
900
935
1000
600
800
Design
Type
Single
Single
Single
Single

Wye
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Double
Wye
Single
Single
Single
Discharge
Depth (Ft)
34
30
35
32

27
34
35
50
35
40
22
of Wye 22
26
30
26
36
Individual Treatment Plant and Ocean Outfall
_!/  outfall length includes diffuser length

_2/  dilutions due to initial jet mixing from discharge part to surface; values listed are from digital
    computer program (PLUME) developed by Baumgartner et al (1970) assuming non-stratified media.

3/  recommended outfall design specific were not submitted for review - standard practice outfall
    design should produce acceptable results.
                                                                                   Initial
                                                                                   Dilution

                                                                                 73:1, 64:1
                                                                                 77:1, 60:1
                                                                                 90:1, 78:1
                                                                                143:1, 100:1
                                                                                 45:1
                                                                                202:1, 133:1
                                                                                135:1
                                                                                109:1
                                                                                 49:1
                                                                                 46:1
                                                                                 67:1, 50:1
                                                                                 61;
                                                                                 49:
                                                                                 73:1

-------
    b.  Assuming conservative total and fecal coliform con-



centrations (MPN) of 1000/100 ml and 200/100 ml  in the



chlorinated secondary effluent, the wastewater at the immediate



point of discharge will not contravene the CW-2 bacterial



criteria.  New Jersey currently requires, and would continue



to expect, lower fecal coliform values in sewage effluents.



However, if the bacterial die-off factor is not considered,



the treated effluent will require only a 4 : 1 dilution in



order to comply with the CW-1 criteria.  The calculated



initial dilutions (from-program plume) and the observed



surface dilutions (from tracer studies) indicate that the



following range of dilutions can be expected for each of



these mechanisms:



    Initial dilution  (jet mixing)  : 48:1 to 134:1



    Surface dilution  (dispersion)  : 50:1 to 300:1



    Thus, the minimum anticipated dilution of any single pro-



posed regional discharge along the Jersey Coast will be in the



order of 2400:1, when and if it ever reaches the nearshore



bathing areas (CW-1  waters).  It is apparent that, even when



bacterial die-off is not considered a factor, the projected



physical dilutions alone will preclude any contravention



of water quality bacterial criteria in either the CW-1 or CW-2



waters of the Jersey Coastal Basin.
                             52

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    The vast assimilative capacity of the ocean, at these



discharge points,  will  insure meeting other water quality



criteria (dissolved oxygen, etc.), as described in detail in



the following paragraphs.



2.  Physical Effects



    In addition to the  consideration of bacterial and



aesthetic quality, the  proposed regional  outfalls will have



a less obvious and less significant impact on the following



physical parameters:



    a.  dissolved  oxygen - coastal waters normally have a



dissolved oxygen concentration range of 4 to 14 mg/1  with the



lower values normally found in the deeper waters where



photosynthesis is  limited.  The bacterial and chemical



oxidation of organic materials in the effluent will undoubtedly



utilize the dissolved oxygen of the receiving waters.  However,



the oxygen resources available will be more than sufficient



to handle this demand,  although there may be a slight



dissolved oxygen (D.O.) depression at the immediate vicinity



of the diffuser due either to the relatively low D.O. of the



wastewater or due  to the entrainment of low D.O. bottom waters.



    b.  Floatables   floatables are significant in that their



accumulation on the surface and possible return to shore can



pose a health and  nuisance problem.  With proper operation of



the regional treatment  facilities, however, the presence of



floatables will be negligible.
                            53

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    c.  Temperature - temperature effects are of interest
primarily in the immediate vicinity of the discharge, yet,
the heat capacity of the ocean is so large that for discharges
to open coastal waters, a single discharge will seldom have a
significant effect over an area of any size.
    d.  Transparency - coastal waters generally have extremely
variable transparency due to wind and wave action, seasonal
factors and runoff from land.  With the anticipated dilutions
(Table 5), the plumes from the Jersey Coastal outfalls will,
in all likelihood, be indiscernible at the surface.
    e.  Sediment - in the Jersey Coastal region the natural
turbulence due to tides, wind and wave action, the prevailing
littoral draft patterns and the normally high oxidation rate
of effluent solids will preclude any significant sediment
buildup in the vicinity of the proposed outfalls.
3.  Biological Effects
    The biological effects of a submerged discharge on the
coastal environment are usually a function not only of the
relative concentrations of the wastewaters but also of the
constituents contained in the effluent itself.  Some substances,
such as heavy metals or pesticides, may accumulate in the
biota or seidments; however, most wastewater constituents
are oxidized, degraded, or dissipated with time and/or dilution.
(Ludwig, 1970).
                            54

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     Past  investigations  on  the  effects  of  ocean  outfalls  on



 the  marine  environment  (Ludwig,  et  al.)  have  indicated  a



general  pattern  of  productivity  and  related abundance  and  diversity



 of organisms  in the  vicinity  of these outfalls.   In the



 immediate vicinity of the outfall, inhibition  of  biological



 populations is  usually  observed (see Fig.  VII).   At some



 distance  from the  outfall,  organism abundance may increase



 greatly to  levels  significantly above the  average for the area.



 In this region  the species  diversity will  also have increased,



 although  it will still  be less  than the  area  average.   Finally,



 at a greater distance from  the  outfall,  the levels of both



 diversity and abundance  will  return to  the normal  "background"



 level.  It  is inferred  that most wastewaters  will  have  a  toxic



 or inhibitory effect in  addition to their  biostimulatory



 characteristics.   The toxicity  of the wastewater is controlling



 in the  immediate vicinity of  the outfall,  but with the



 reduction of toxicity by dilution,  the  biostimulatory effects



 predominate permitting  the  increased organism abundance noted



 above.  The amount of potentially toxic  substances from



 industrial  sources in regional  sewage treatment  systems will



 be minimized, to the extent practicable  by current technology,



 by establishing pre-treatment requirements and limits for



 industrial  discharges.
                             55

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                                                   ZONE OF STUNTED GROWTH
                                                   MAXIMUM PRODUCTIVITY
                                                   ZONE OF TRANSITION
PRODUCTIVITY PATTERN IN AREA OF OCEAN  OUTFALL
                      Figure VII

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    Although relatively little work has been done to determine

the possible effects of outfall discharges on benthic fauna,

it can be concluded that this impact will  result largely from

the nature of the toxicants (if any) in the wastewaters, the

degree of disinfection achieved, and the physical characteristics

of the actual discharge media affecting the sedimentation process

From the limited studies available, it has been shown that

benthic organisms in addition to phytoplankton and fish

exhibit the same common pattern  in the variations of abundance

and species diversity with distance from the outfall as is

indicated in Figure VII .

    In summary, overall productivity may remain constant, but

a shift in kinds and numbers of organisms  may occur.  A widely

diversified local population may succumb to a single dominant

species indiginous to the water quality in the immediate

vicinity of the outfall.  This dominance of certain marine

species will, however, become less apparent as one moves into

concentric regions more distant from the discharge point.

The nutrient content of the wastewaters may stimulate

natural productivity of lower planktonic forms in the region

beyond the diffuser to the extent that these organisms may

sustain greater yields of fish and shellfish.

D.  Industrial  Hastes (Direct Dischargers) - Description
    of Implementation Plans

    Implementation plans for industrial wastes are presented  in

Table 6 and in the following paragraphs.


                            56

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             Name of Firn
MONMOUTH COUNTY
  Brockway Glass
  Nestle
                                                                  TABLE NO. 6
                                         Proposed Implementation Plant - Industrial Direct Dischargers
                                                    Proposed Effluent Requirements (1)
Phenol - 1 ppb in receiving stream
Oil & Grease - None that will produce a visible sheen

BOD - 20 Ibs/day
Oil & Grease - None that will produce a visible sheen
Phenol - 1 ppb in receiving stream
Temp. - Differential between 10 yards upstream and 10
yards downstream won't exceed 5°F max.
                                                                 Proposed  Implementation Dates
                                                               Preliminary       Complete Compliance
                                                                 Plans          with  Proposed  Limits
                                                                12/15/72
12/15/72
12/15/73
  3M, Minnesota, Mining & Manufacturing Co.

OCEAN COUNTY

  Borden, Inc.
  Fish Products



  Jersey Central Power and Light

CAMDEN COUNTY

  Mrs. Paul's Kitchen (Braddock Frosted
    Foods, Inc.)
No change required over existing discharge
BOD - 11 Ibs/day*                                               12/15/72            12/15/73
TSS - 11 Ibs/day*
Oil & Grease - 1 Ib/day*
F. Coli - less than 20/100 ml

Oil & Grease - a maximum of 142 Ibs/day increase over intake
water from all discharges; None that will produce a visible
sheen

(See text)                                                      12/15/72 (3)        7/1/75
No change over existing discharge

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            Name of Firm

  Tom's River Chemical
  (See Discussion in text)
BURLINGTON COUNTY

  Pacemaker

ATLANTIC COUNTY

  Atlantic City Electric

  Humble Oil (Terminal)

  Lenox China

  L. N. Renault & Sons (Universal



  Scott Paper

CAPE MAY COUNTY

  Atlantic City Electric Co.

  Borden, Inc.
                                                                      -2-
                  Proposed Effluent Requirements (1)

              Discharge to Ocean
              Average (except where indicated)  for #3
              TSS - 800 Ibs/day
              BOD5 - 2000 Ibs/day
              Cadmium - 1.0 Ibs/day
              Chromium - 1.0 Ibs/day
              Copper - 1.0 Ibs/day
              Lead - 1.0 Ibs/day
              Mercury - max. of 0.1 Ibs/day*
              Zinc - 1.0 Ibs/day
              Chlorinated Hydrocarbons - 300 Ibs/day
              Nitrobenzene - max. 5 Ibs/day*
              Discharge to Tom's River
              No change over existing discharge
              Temp. - 15°F net increase over surface  water temp.*
              No change over existing discharge



              (See text)

              Submit Oil Spill Prevention Plan

              No change over existing discharge

Foods Corp.)  BODs - 40 Ibs/day*
              TSS - 50 Ibs/day*
              No appreciable color differential in receiving  stream

              No change over existing discharge required



              (See text)

              TSS - 30 Ibs/day*
              BOD5 - 30 Ibs/day*
              Oil & Grease - 2 Ibs/day*;  None that will produce  a visible
              sheen
  Proposed Implementation Dates
Preliminary     Complete Compliance
   Plans        with Proposed Limits

                     7/1/74
 12/15/72 (3)

 12/15/72



 12/15/72
 12/15/72  (3)
7/1/75
12/15/73
7/1/75

-------
            Name  of Firm
  Haynie Products
  Wildwood Clam Co.
                                                                      -3-
    Proposed Effluent Requirements (1)

Maximum discharge:
BOD5 - 75 Ibs/day*
TSS - 3 Ibs/day*
Oil & Grease - 1 lb/day*;  None that will produce  a
 visible sheen
Phenols - 1 ppb in receiving stream
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (2)
pH - 7.0 - 8.0

Eliminate discharge by inplant changes  or by discharging
into a municipal treatment system
   Proposed Implementation Dates
Preliminary      Complete Compliance
   Plans         with Proposed Limits

 12/15/72
 12/15/72
Notes:

(1)  Except where indicated proposed effluent requirements are average values.

(2)  Company will sample to see if present; chlorinated hydrocarbons must not be present in the effluent
     in toxic amounts.

*Maximum Discharge

 (3)  An environmental report has been submitted by Atlantic City Electric Company's Beesleys Point
      Plant to the New Jersey Department of Environmental  Protection.  Data has also been submitted
      to the State by the other companies.  The proposed preliminary plans (study) should encompass
      all  requested date (see text) not previously submitted to the State.

-------
    In general, limitations are based upon the following, which



is consistent with water quality standards:



    a.  Biochemical Oxygen Demand - 95 percent removal  or



15 mg/1 effluent for discharge to estuaries or tributary



streams; and 85 percent removal for discharge to the ocean.



    b.  Suspended Solids - in the order of 90 to 95 percent



removal - in a similar range to BOD removals.



    c.  Oil and Grease - 10 mg/1 as a maximum effluent



concentration, with no visible sheen evidenced.



    It is understood that, in addition to proposed effluent



limits in Table  6  and discussed further in the  text,  levels



of other substances present in each discharge should not be



increased above current values.



Nestle & Co.,  Inc., Brockway Glass and Hagnie Products,  Inc.



    Proposed requirements, contained in Table 6  , for these



companies include a value of 1 ppb phenol in the receiving



stream.  In each case, these companies discharge into  a  stream



classified as suitable for potable water supply.  The  dilution



capacity of the receiving streams may be limited and from a



technology viewpoint, reduction of phenols to trace levels may



not be economically feasible.  Also, the receiving streams are



not currently used as sources of potable water supply  and



may be unsuitable due to high salinity.  Weighing these  factors,



we would require, at minimum, that the company's waste treatment



technology and/or inplant process changes to reduce phenols



be "best practical treatment."





                             57

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    Atlantic City Electric Co., Atlantic City
    Atlantic City Electric Co., Beesley's Point
    Jersey Central  Power and Light, Lacey Township

    For each of these plants (discharge to TW-1 coastal waters),

we propose the following implementation plan for liquid waste

discharges:

    1.  The pH shall not exceed a value of 8.5 nor have a value

below 6.5.

    2.  The total residual chlorine in the condenser cooling

water discharge and/or all other effluents, shall  be limited to

combined residual chlorine.

    3.  Chlorine or hypochlorite may be added to the condenser

cooling water discharges or to any other discharge such that

either:

        a.  the discharge contains total residual  chlorine at a

concentration not greater than 0.05 mg/1 for a time period not to

exceed 2 hours per day,  or

        b.  the discharge contains total residual  chlorine at a

concentration not greater than 0.1 mg/1 for a time period not to

exceed 30 minutes per day.

    4.  The following requirements relate to thermal discharges:

        a.  the thermal  plume in the mixing zone shall  not

impinge upon the bottom nor shall it impinge on the shoreline.
                              58

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        b.  the monthly mean of the maximum daily temperature
at the outer boundary of the mixing zone shall not exceed
1.5 (July - September) and 4 (October - June) Fahrenheit
Degrees above levels in effect prior to addition of any heat.
        c.  the maximum temperature at the outer boundary of
the mixing zone shall not exceed 85 Degrees Fahrenheit.
        d.  the rates of temperature change of the mixing zone
temperature shall not exceed 1 Fahrenheit Degree per hour,
and/or 7  Fahrenheit Degrees per day.
        e.  the thermal plume shall not block zones of fish
passage
        f.  the thermal plume shall not interfere with spawning
        g.  the rate of temperature change in the designated
mixing zones shall not cause mortality to the biota.
    We propose that each company submit, by December 15, 1972:
        a study of thermal discharge environmental decision
factors,  including the effect of the existing discharge on
items a.  through g. above, and a project proposal for remedial
action where required.
    Requisite facilities should be completed by July 1, 1975.
    Tom's River Chemical Co.
    Tom's River Chemical Company is a large, complex, chamical
plant producing dyes, resins and pesticides.  Their "process
                             59

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wastes" are discharged to the Atlantic Ocean via an outfall



extending 3500 feet from the shore.   The final  1000 feet of



this pipe serves as a diffuser.



    The U. S.  Environmental  Protection Agency - Enforcement



Division worked out an agreement in  1971 with Tom's River



Chemical whereby the company undertook a program to reduce their



mercury discharge to a maximum of .1  Ib/day.  On February 22,



1972, the Enforcement Division (EPA)  met with Tom's River



Chemical concerning other pollutants  in their discharge, with



the aim of obtaining voluntary compliance in limiting



contaminants.   In addition,  recognizing the complexity of the



problem, EPA Enforcement Division experts visited the Tom's



River Plant to obtain a first hand view of the  situation,



including waste sources, existing waste treatment and inplant



pollution abatement procedures,  and  company programs to



identify and eliminate pollutants.



    The effluent requirements presented in Table 6  represent



values that EPA experts propose  as desirable limits.  These



limits are proposed specifically  for the Tom's River situation,



after an evaluation of the discharge  waterbody, and an



assessment of  waste sources  and  the  "state of the art" in



terms of feasible treatment  techniques and in-plant pollution



abatement changes.



    Since a good portion of  the  pollution abatement work must
                            60

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be accomplished through in-plant changes, the Tom's River
Chemical Company has undertaken a program of in-plant waste
source identification and studies to evaluate remedial measures
for reduction of specific contaminants from particular product
operations.  The complexity of the problem is evidenced by the
fact that the plant produces many different products, and at
varying times.
    The company will report periodically to EPA on the
progress of their pollution abatement efforts, and submit
proposals for remedial action, to be reviewed by EPA.  Abatement
actions should be reviewed with the New Jersey Department .of
Environmental Protection.  We propose that the task of installing
pollution abatement facilities be completed by July 1, 1974.
    For cooling water discharges to Tom's River, we propose
that they be limited to their existing temperature rise, as
data submitted to EPA shows that the effect on stream temperature
does not exceed levels delineated in the appropriate water
quality criteria.
E.  Assessment of Impact of Industrial Hastes on Hater
    Quality Criteria
    Industrial waste discharges do not present a major
pollution problem in the New Jersey Coastal Basin due to the
relative scarcity of industries and the recreational and
resort nature of the region.
                             61

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    A total of eighteen (18) industries within the Basin have



filed under the Refuse Act Permit Program and are presently



discharging treated or untreated wastewaters and/or cooling



water into the New Jersey Coastal area.



    All industries discharging BOD have been assigned the require-



ment to implement the construction of treatment facilities



which will provide 95% removal of biochemical oxygen demand



(BOD) for discharges to estuaries or tributary streams and,



which represent a high level of treatment within the limits



of present technology.  It is anticipated that these levels of



treatment will provide compliance by all  industries with applicable



water quality standards.   However, further field studies and



water quality management models are being utilized to confirm



that water quality criteria will  be met.   If these studies



indicate that a higher degree of treatment is essential  to



maintain applicable water quality criteria,  such information



will  be presented at the conference, including revised treat-



ment requirements.
                            62

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                                                                  TABLE  NO.  7
                      Recommended Implementation Schedules - Regional  Treatment  Facility  and  Service Area Point  Sources
Ocean
                                                Submission
                                              of Final Plans

                                              Aug.  1972
 Regional Facility

Atlantic Highlands -
Highlands Regional
Sewerage Authority

Middletown Twp.
Regional Sewerage
Authority

Bayshore Regional Sewerage
Authority

N.E. Monmough Regional
Sewerage Authority
                  Long Branch Sewerage Authority  July 1972

                  Ocean Twp.  Sewerage         State has plans
                  Authority
                  Asbury Park Subregion

                  Neptune Twp. Subregion

                  South Monmouth Regional
                  Sewerage Authority

                  Manasquan River Subregion   Jan. 1974
                  Island Beach Subregion
                            Dec. 1, 1973
   Begin
Construction

Dec. 1972
                                                    Jan. 1973

                                                    Sept. 1972
June 1, 1973
  Complete
  Constr.

Dec. 1973
                                                                                           Dec.  1973
                     July 1974

                     May 1973
Sept. 1,1973
July 1974
Jan. 1974
Jan. 1974
Jan. 1, 1973
Sept.
Jan.
July
July
July
1, 1974
1975
1974
1974
I, 1973
June 1, 1975
Jan. 1976
Jan. 1977
July 1975
April 1, 197i
Dec. 1, 1976
             Remarks

Bayshore Outfall Authority under
construction
                                                                                                          Plant  in  operation  -  connection  of
                                                                                                          all point sources to  system by
                                                                                                          June,  1972.

                                                                                                          Plant  under  construction
                                                                                                          Places in operation  in Spring 1971
                Regional facility completed in
                Sept. 1968. Schedule given is for
                the Borough of New Deal which is
                remaining community required to
                tie in.

                No authority formed to date

                No authority formed to date

                Authority formed


                No authority formed to date
designated the Northern Service
Area.

This subregion has been recently
included in the newly designated
Central Service Area.
                  Central (Basin Subregion)   Dec. 1, 1973
                                                    June 1, 1973
                     Dec.  1,  1976    Same as  above

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                                                    -2-
County
Atlantic
Cape May


Ground Discharge
Plants



Regional Facility
Southern Subregion
Atlantic Coastal
Subregion
Ocean City Subregion
Stone Harbor-Sea Isle
City Subregion
Wildwoods Subregion
Egg Harbor City
Town of Hammonton
Winslow Twp. (Ancora)
Hamilton Twp. (Mays
Submission
of Final Plans
May 1
Sept.
July
July
July
March
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
, 1973
1973
1, 1974
1, 1974
1, 1974
1973
1, 1974
1, 1974
1, 1974
Begin
Construction
Nov.
March
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Sept.
July
July
July
1, 1973
1973
1, 1975
1, 1975
1, 1975
1973
1, 1974
1, 1974
1, 1974
Complete
Constr .
April
March
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Sept.
July
July
July
1976
1975
1, 1976
1, 1976
1, 1976
1974
1, 1975
1, 1975
1, 1975
Remarks


No authority formed to date
No authority formed to date
No authority formed to date




Landing)
Buena Borough
Jan. 1, 1974
July 1, 1974
July 1, 1975

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                        SECTION VII
              CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A.  General
    We have delineated in the previous section of this report
the nature of the pollution problem, the sources of pollution,
the existing Water Quality Standards, and proposed engineering
systems to accomplish pollution control for the designated
study area and thus insure meeting established water quality
criteria.  In the following paragraphs we propose implementation
schedules for development and construction of requisite
domestic sewage pollution abatement and disposal facilities,
which we feel are feasible, reasonable and achievable.  In
addition, we propose guidelines for pre-treatment of industrial
wastes in municipal systems, a factor essential to any effective
pollution control program.
    It must be realized that, to achieve desirable water quality
levels and to insure that a particular area can maintain
certain activities (recreation, shellfish, etc.), liquid waste
treatment must be intergrated into a comprehensive water quality
management and environmental plan for an area, including air
pollution considerations, sludge handling considerations,
zoning, etc.
    The National Estuarine Study proposes guidelines for main-
taining the designated usage of estuarine areas.  This study is
quite relevent considering the fact that the Jersey Coastal Area
is essentially estuarine in character.  Bearing this fact in mind,
                            63

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we have in the following paragraphs, proposed additional



recommendations which we feel are desirable and crucial to



insure and protect the water quality and environmental quality



of the New Jersey Atlantic Coastal Area.



B.  Domestic Sewage Discharges



    The regional systems under development to accommodate



domestic wastes from the study area have been reviewed, in



terms of implementation schedules, by EPA and New Jersey



Department of Environmental Protection pollution control



experts.



    Table?  presents implementation dates for engineering,



construction and completion of requisite pollution abatement



facilities, which we feel  are feasible and realistic.  As such,



we propose that these implementation schedules  be included



Rlnto a revised Water Quality Standards Implementation Plan



and thus become federally enforceable dates for abatement of



pol1ution.



    We have assigned these dates assuming that the particular



point source discharger proceeds in a direct and expeditious



fashion toward pollution control.  In other words, we feel that



if a bona fide effort is undertaken, these dates will be



achievable.  Probably, the most important assumption we have



made in assigning implementation dates is that federal and state



governments will provide a reasonable share of project funding,



at the time that it is required.  Perhaps an equally important
                            64

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assumption is that satisfying the requirement of and possible
actions under (litigation, etc.) the National Environmental
Policy Act (environmental impact of proposed construction)
do not result in delays in initiating construction.
    It is worth noting that federal and state construction
grant funds and appropriations lose a portion of their
effectiveness as delays in development and construction of
pollution abatement facilities occur.  For example, bond
issues of many states floated a few years ago are inadequate,
in many cases, for many pollution control needs due to the
rapid inflation of construction costs.  This shrinking of the
effectiveness of state and federal funds due to delays in
implementation of pollution abatement plans and construction
of requisite facilities is a fiscal reality that cannot be
over emphasized.  Delays  in implementation of pollution
control plans, from a funding viewpoint, cannot be tolerated.
C.  Industrial Wastes (Direct Discharges)
    As delineated in previous sections of the report, industrial
wastes do not comprise a  major factor in the pollutional
situation of the Atlantic coastal area, although, to effectively
complete pollution control, they must be delt with.  Of the 18
industries having direct  discharges in the study area, Tl  .are
considered to require reduction of contaminant loads, and as
such, treatment requirements (loadings and implementation
schedules) were established.  These requirements and implement-
ation schedules are indicated in Section VI.  We recommend
                             65

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their inclusion into the revised Water Qua!ity Standard,



with requirements for pollution abatement given on a specific,



individual basis.



D.  Industrial  Hastes in Municipal  Systems



    In general, the consideration of industrial wastes in



municipal systems, as related to the overall  pollution of the



Jersey Coastal  Area, is not an important one.   Although, as is



consistent with reasonable planning and good  engineering



practice, it should not be overlooked.



    Each regional system should have as requirements a body of



by-laws or regulations governing sewer use,  establishing which



materials and in what quantities and concentrations are



acceptable for discharge to a sewer, and subsequently to a



treatment plant.  The regulations should protect the sewer



system, the operation of the treatment plant,  and also insure



that undesirable materials do not pass through the plant



without treatment or gain access to the environment via sludge



handling procedures.  The State of New Jersey has pending



legislation which will empower the Department of Environmental



Protection to set pre-treatment requirements  for discharges



to municipal sewer systems.



    To accomplish these objectives, we propose the following



heavy metals (plating wastes) limitations on  discharges entering



regional collection sewers:





                            66

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                                    Allowage (24 hr.  average)
    Contaminant                         Concentration
                                            (mg/D

    Total  Chromium                           0.5

    Copper                                   i.o

    Cadmium                                  1.0

    Zinc                                     2.0

    Nickel                                   2.0

    Cyanide                                  0.1

    These effluent levels are intended to be applied  to a

typical "process waste", undiluted by cooling water.   These

levels reflect values that are achievable by conventional

plating waste treatment techniques (chrome reduction, heavy

metals precipitation, cyanide destruction, etc.).  A  survey

of plating waste treatment technology by the EPA Industrial

Waste Technology Branch, NERC. Edison, New Jersey served as

a basis for proposing these levels.  These values reflect

"maximum baseline levels."  Where significant loadings of a

particular contaminant would result, even applying these

effluent criteria, it is proposed that a higher degree of

reduction either via higher treatment efficiencies or in-plant

process modifications be required.

    Discharges of other toxic and hazardous materials not treat'

able by bio-oxidation (including arsenic, barium, lead, and

mercury) should be accepted in the sewer system only  after

undergoing "best practical treatment (pretreatment)"  at the

source.
                             67

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E.   Sludge Handling - Environmental  Considerations



    Modern waste treatment systems require total  management



of the sludge handling phase.   Treatment and ultimate



disposal  of the sludge must result in the least detrimental



impact upon the environment.   The management alternative



chosen must not create an air  pollution problem,  contravene



surface or ground water quality standards or result in damage



to the soil structure.



    The discharge of industrial  wastes into the regional



systems must be carefully regulated.   This must be done to



protect the treatment process  and to  prevent the  concentration



of toxic materials or heavy metals in the sludge.   Effective



industrial waste ordinances must be  enforced.   Elimination of



the toxic materials or heavy metals  from the sludge is necessary



to prevent eventual discharge  to the  atmosphere through



incineration, accumulation in  the soil structure  and possible



contamination of surface or ground waters through  land disposal



or discharge to the marine environment through ocean disposal.



    Where feasible, conservation of resources  dictates the



recycling of the sludge to the soil  for reclamation on marginal



lands or upgrading of other land areas.  Sufficient land must



be available to permit the use of this technique.
                            68

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    Demonstration projects for recycling of sludge should be
initiated at the earliest possible date in the proposed
disposal areas.  This is needed to establish application rates,
techniques for transport and distribution, and to evaluate
the effects upon surface and ground water quality, vegetation
and soil structure.  A demonstration project is currently
underway in Ocean County.
    When recycling of the sludge is not a feasible alternative,
it is necessary to consider the use of one of the several
combustion or oxidation techniques.  However, the installation
must not create an air pollution problem.  This can be avoided
by proper design of the facility to ensure adequate combustion
temperatures and retention times, use of efficient air pollution
control devices, and effective operation and maintenance.  An
EPA Task Force has recently completed its work and the resulting
report covers these considerations in detail.  The selection of
this alternative must be supported by a detailed economic
analysis to clearly indicate the total annual cost of the
facility.  Sufficient money must be included in the annual
operating budget of the operating agency to provide for the
most efficient operation of the complete sludge system.
    Interim EPA policy regulating the Federal construction
grants program states that no grant is to be made if the sludge
is to be discharged to the ocean.  This policy applies to new
                             69

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waste treatment plants and, in general, to expansion of existing

plants.  These projects can be approved only on the basis of

other acceptable sludge management practices such as recycling

or incineration.  However, installations located in the New York

New Jersey metropolitan area generally have one of two alternatives

available for management of their sludge.   The available

alternatives are incineration or ocean disposal of sludge.

Prohibition of ocean disposal of sludge would force all of

these plants to use one of the available combustion techniques.

    The commitment of resources required for these combustion

methods would be enormous.  The cumulative impact of many

large facilities upon air quality may be a greater environmental

hazard than the effects of controlled ocean disposal of the

sludge.  Incineration, after a substantial investiment by

all levels of government, might prove to be the least desirable

long-term solution for sludge management.   Additional and

unnecessary combustion should be avoided because of the need

to meet the air quality standards for the  area.

    Therefore, the Environmental Protection Agency is considering

a revision in the ocean disposal policy for waste treatment

facilities in the New York - New Jersey Metropolitan area:

    1.  Approval of continued ocean disposal of sludge provided

        (a)  Sludge is adequately treated

        (b)  Industrial waste ordinances regulate the discharge

of heavy metals or other toxic materials into the system.  This

is to be accomplished in compliance with EPA or State require-

ments .
                             70

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        (c)  Ocean dumping from the New York - New Jersey
metropolitan area is to be abandoned when a more effective
environmental alternative is available.  This alternative
is to become available through the efforts and requirements of
EPA, the States and regional authorities.
    2.  EPA is to embark upon a program to assess the impact of
non-toxic municipal sludge dumping in new open sea areas.  This
effort is to mesh with existing on-going studies of the marine
environment.
    3.  EPA would support the formation and operation of a
regional (intra or interstate) solid waste disposal authority.
This authority is to develop acceptable long-term alternatives
for the management of the sludge problem.  The authority would
implement the most effective alternative to permit eventual
abandonment of ocean disposal.
F.  Other Environmental Considerations
    In addition to the previous recommendations, a number of
supplementary considerations are important and deserve
mention.  For, to achieve desired environmental results in the
Jersey coastal area, requires implementation of comprehensive
programs in many fields and disciplines.  This attitude was
expressed in the policy recommended by the National Estuarine
Pollution Study which proposed:  "Achievement of the best use of
the values of the estuarine and coastal zones through a balance
between:  (a) multi-purpose development; (b) conservation; and
(c) preservation over both the short and long range.  Priority

                            71

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consideration should be given to those resources that are



non-renewable and to maintaining those resources and uses which



are estuarine-dependent.   It shall  also recognize that the



primary responsibility for management of the estuarine and



coastal zones rests with  the States."



    In terms of liquid wastes, pollution from sub-surface dis-



posal  systems and possibly storm run-off from developed



(urbanized) areas may present itself as an important factor



after adequate pollution  control for point source domestic



sewage discharges is implemented.  Close scrutiny of industrial



and municipal discharges  to the ground must also be maintained.



Nitrogen and phosphate removal may be required to protect



ground water quality.  In this regard, sewage treatment



facilities discharging to the ground should have adequate



space for additional process units to accomplish nitrogan and



phosphate removal, if deemed necessary at some future date.



    In terms of state policy, current requirements for sub-



surface disposal  systems  in low lying coastsl area and other



policies promoting development of sewage systems in areas



where existing sub-surface disposal  is utilized  are in line



with recommendations of the National Estuarine Study for pro-



tecting the environment.   Another notable state action to



protect the estuarine environment in the Atlantic Coastal Area



is the Wetlands Act, which sets forth guidelines and regulations



for development in sensitive marsh lands, wetlands, etc.
                            72

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    In addition to direct actions that can be taken by the



state to protect and enhance the qullity of the Atlantic coastal



area, comprehensive federal and interstate action is of great



importance, as in the case of oil spills from tankers, and in



sludge dumping, which was discussed previously.  Protection



of the environment requires a coordinated effort at all levels



of government, and also support from business and industry,



citizens groups and each one of us.



G.  Monitoring



    After completion of construction and start-up of requisite



pollution control facilities, as defined previously in this



report, a network of surveillance and monitoring is essential



to:  first, insure that the treatment facilities operate up to



their capability; and secondly, to evaluate the receiving water



bodies to ascertain and profile their acceptability for their



designated water usage.  A planned, and possibly computerized



information center, which could receive all monitoring results



might be desirable.  In this way, data on hazardous or



unacceptable conditions and trends could be swiftly identified



for remedial action.



    The necessity of monitoring is entirely consistent with



State and EPA policy.  For example, EPA final construction



grant payments are given only after monitoring data of a



particular plant indicates an acceptable level or performance.
                             73

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                         References
 1.   Stein, Murray, Enforcement in Hater Pollution Control -
     Federal  Viewpoint,  Journal  Water Pollution Control
     Federation,  Feb.  1971.

 2.   Report on the Immediate Hater Pollution Control  Needs for the
     Interstate and Intrastate Waters of the New Jersey Coastal
     Region,  FWPCA, Metuchen, New Jersey, June 1967.

 3.   Report on Pollution of  the Navigable Waters of Eastern New
     Jersey   Shark River to Cape May, FWPCA, Northeast Region,
     Metuchen, New Jersey,  Sept.  1967.

 4.   Proceedings  - Conference   Pollution of the Navigable Waters
     of Eastern New Jersey   Shark River to Cape May, FWPCA,
     Atlantic City, New  Jersey,  Nov.  1,  1967.

 5.   Fellows Read and  Weber, Ocean Current Testing Program Along
     the Atlantic Coastal Region  of New  Jersey, Tom's River, N.  J.,
     1966 - 68.

 6.   Ludwig,  H. F. and Storrs, P. N., 1970, Effects of Waste
     Disposal into Marine Waters.  A  Survey of Studies Carried
     Out in the Last Ten Years:   Water Research, Vol  4,  no. 11,
     p. 409   420.

 7.   U. S.  Dept.  of the  Interior, The National  Estuarine Pollution
     Study, Washington,  D.  C.:  U. S. Government Printing Office,
     1970.

 8.   U. S.  Corps  of Engineers, National  Shoreline Study - North
     Atlantic Region,  Vol.  1, New York,  New York, 1971.

 9.   McHarg,  Ian  L., Design  With  Nature:   The American Museum of
     Natural  History,  Natural History Press, Garden City, New York
     1969.

10.   Bumpies, Dean F.  and Louis  M. Lauzier, Surface Circulation  on
     the Continental Shelf.   Serial Atlas of the Marine Environment,
     Folio  7, American Geographical  Society, 1965.

11.   Bumpies, Dean F., Terminology and Oceanography.   Supplement
     to Volume 10, 1965.

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           APPENDIX A




EXISTING WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL AREA







1.  Anti-Degradation Statement




2.  Surface Water Classifications




3.  Water Quality Criteria




4.  Implementation Plan

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ANTI-DEGRADATION STATEMENT

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                              NEW JERSEY
     It is the primary objective of the Water Pollution Control Program
in New Jersey to protect and enhance the quality of all surface waters
of the State including those classified as FW-1 which are to be retained
for posterity in their natural state and which shall not be subject to
any man-made wastewater discharges.  The objective of protecting and
upgrading our waterways will take precedence over allowable minimal
quality limits for surface waters established through promulgation of
rules and regulations.

     In all situations where there may be an impingement of a lesser
quality water upon that of a higher quality, it is the objective of
the New Jersey program to upgrade the lesser quality water in order to
protect or improve adjacent waters having a more critical use.  It is
anticipated that the surface water classification and the standards of
quality for New Jersey waters will be subject to continual review and
revision to achieve our basic objectives.

     The overriding consideration, however, regardless of the estab-
lishment of water quality levels is that of wastewater treatment
requirements.  The minimum degree of wastewater treatment now being
permitted in the State of New Jersey is that commonly identified as
secondary treatment.  In New Jersey this means treatment necessary to
provide as an absolute minimum 80% reduction of biochemical oxygen
demand and a maximum permissible biochemical oxygen demand concentration
of 50 parts per million.  In most areas in New Jersey, this standard
is raised to require biochemical oxygen demand reduction of 85% and 90%
with appropriate maximum permissible biochemical oxygen demand concen-
trations .  At many inland locations where only small tributaries to
streams are available, the policy in New Jersey is either to prohibit
the discharge of any effluent to surface waters or to require so-called
tertiary treatment which is the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand
of 95% as a minimum with a maximum concentration of 15 parts per
million.  It has been and is presently the policy of the Department
that wastewaters prior to discharge into any fresh water streams in
the State must receive as a minimum at least 90% treatment.

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     ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN
CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE WATERS

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         REGULATIONS CONCERNING CLASSIFICATION OF THE SURFACE
                 WATERS OF THE ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN
WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey did
         promulgate "Regulations Establishing Certain Classifications
         to be Assigned to the Waters of this State and Standards of
         Quality to be Maintained in Waters so Qualified," effective
         September 1, 1964, and amended the said Regulations on January
         5, 1966 and March 6, 1967, and

WHEREAS, in public hearings conducted by the State Department of Health
         on March 15, 22 and 29, 1967, classifications of the surface
         waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, as proposed by the State
         Department of Health, were presented to the general public,
         and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health has given careful and thorough
         consideration to all statements submitted at said hearings,
         as well as statements and briefs submitted thereafter, relating
         to the proposed Classifications of the Surface Waters of the
         Atlantic Coastal Plain,

NOW, THEREFORE, the State Department of Health promulgates the following
         regulations entitled "Classification of the Surface Waters of
         the Atlantic Coastal Plain."

                                        NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
                                        Roscoe P. Kandle, M.D.
                                        State Commissioner of Health
 Filed with  Secretary  of  State:   April  27,  1967

 Effective Date:  May  24,  1967

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  CLASSIFICATION OF THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE ATLANTIC COASTAL  PLAIN
     Pursuant to authority vested in it under the provisions  of Chapter
12, Title 58 of the Revised Statutes, the State Department of Health
hereby promulgates the following classifications of the surface waters
of the Atlantic Coastal Plain.  Standards of Quality to be maintained
in these waters as established by the State Department of Health are
attached hereto.

     I.  Class FW-1

         Waters having the potential for this Class but which are not
classified as such at this time may be recommended for such classifi-
cation by public or private interests controlling the land area
draining to the watercourse.  Because of the restrictive-use  nature of
the FW-1 classification any waters thus designated must be contiguous
with their source.  Also, since the characteristics of surface waters
are sometimes changed to the detriment of their natural biota by
seemingly minor associations with domestic and/or agricultural activ-
ities, they must be inspected and approved before being classified.
Requests for consideration in the classification of FW-1 waters should
be directed to:

                      New Jersey State Department of Health
                      P.O. Box 1540
                      Trenton, New Jersey 08625

     A.  FW-1 Manasquan River Drainage

         Allaire State Park     1.  That portion of the second southerly
                                    tributary of the Manasquan River
                                    west of Hospital Road situated wholly
                                    within the Allaire State  Park
                                    boundaries.

                                2.  The easterly tributary of the brook
                                    feeding Brisbane Lake located wholly
                                    within the Allaire State  Park
                                    boundaries downstream to  its con-
                                    fluence with the westerly tributary.

     B.  FW-1 Cedar Creek Drainage

         Greenwood Forest       1.  Webbs Mill Branch and tributaries
         Fish & Game Tract          situated wholly within the Greenwood
                                    Forest boundaries.

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                          - 2 -
                           2.  Chamberlain's Branch and tributaries
                               situated wholly within the Greenwood
                               Forest boundaries upstream from the
                               blueberry farm exception, also other
                               tributaries to Chamberlain's Branch
                               situated wholly within the Greenwood
                               Forest Tract boundaries.
    FW-1 Wading River Drainage

                           1.  Westerly tributary to the Howardsville
                               Cranberry Bog Reservoir and tributaries
                               thereto situated wholly within the
                               Greenwood Forest Tract boundaries.

C.  FW-1 Barnegat Bay Drainage

    Island Beach State     1.  All the fresh water ponds on Island
    Park                       Beach State Park.

D.  FW-1 Manahawkin Creek Drainage

                           1.  Tommy's Branch from its headwaters
                               downstream to the Bass River State
                               Forest Recreation Area service road.

                           2.  Falkenburg Branch of Lake Absegami
                               from its headwaters downstream to
                               the lake.

E.  FW-1 Mullica River Drainage

    Wharton Tract          1.  Deep Run and tributaries thereto
                               from its headwaters downstream to
                               Springer's Brook.

                           2.  Skit Branch from its headwaters
                               downstream to its confluence with
                               Robert's Branch.

                           3.  Tulpehocken Creek and tributaries
                               thereto from its origin downstream
                               to its confluence with Featherbed
                               Branch.

                           4.  The westerly tributaries to Tulpehocken
                               Creek and those natural ponds within
                               the lands bounded by Hawkins Road,
                               Hampton Gate Road, and Sandy Ridge Road

                           5.  Stream in the southeasterly corner
                               of the Wharton Tract lying between

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                                - 3 -
                                    Ridge Road  and  Seaf  Weeks  Road  down
                                    to  the Wharton  Tract boundary.

                                6.  Brook and tributaries between and
                                    immediately to  the west  of Tylertown
                                    and Crowleytown from its headwaters
                                    downstream  to the head of  tide  at
                                    mean high water.

                                7.  The easterly branches of the Batsto
                                    River from  Batsto Village  upstream
                                    to  the confluence of Skits Branch.

                                8.  Gun Branch  from its  headwaters
                                    downstream  to U. S.  Route  206.

                                NOTE:  All boundaries referred to as
                                        they existed December 1966.

     F.  FW-1 Great Egg Harbor River Drainage

         Tuckahoe Public        1.  Hawkin's Creek  and the next adjacent
         Hunting and Fishing        tributary to the Great Egg Harbor
         Grounds                    River lying to  the north from their
                                    origin downstream to where the
                                    influence of impounding  occurs.

     II.  Class FW-2

          A.  Cranberry Brook and tributaries thereto upstream from the
intake of the Monmouth Consolidated Water Company near the New York -
Long Branch Railroad Crossing.

          B.  Shark River and tributaries thereto upstream from Remson's
Mill Road.

          C.  Jumping Brook and tributaries thereto above intake of
Monmouth Consolidated Water Company near Old Corlies Avenue.

          D.  Main stem of Manasquan River and  tributaries thereto
upstream from Garden State Parkway.

          E.  All fresh waters of the Plain, from Manasquan  River to
and including the Mullica River, upstream from  the  head  of tide.

          F.  Absecon Creek and tributaries thereto upstream from
Atlantic City Reservoir Dam in the City of Absecon.

          G.  Patcong Creek and tributaries thereto upstream from
Patcong Lake Dam.

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                                - 4 -
     III.  Class FW-3

           A.  Lake Takanassee

           B.  Poplar Brook

                      Deal Lake and tributaries thereto
                      Sunset Lake and tributaries thereto
                      Lake Wesley and tributaries thereto
                      Fletcher Lake and tributaries thereto
                      Sylvan Lake and tributaries thereto

           C.  Shark River and tributaries thereto downstream from
Renson's Mill Road to head of tide.

           D.  Jumping Brook and tributaries thereto downstream from
Old Corlies Avenue to head of tide.

           E.  Silver Lake and tributaries thereto
               Lake Como and tributaries thereto
               Spring Lake and tributaries thereto
               Wreck Pond and tributaries thereto

           F.  Fresh water reaches of main stem of Manasquan River and
tributaries downstream from Garden State Parkway.

           G.  Absecon Creek and tributaries thereto downstream from
above dam to head of tide.

           H.  Patcong Creek and tributaries thereto downstream from
Patcong Lake dam to head of tide.

           J.  All other fresh waters of the Plain not delineated
upstream from head of tide.

     IV.  Class TW-1

          A.  All tidal waters of Shark River and tributaries thereto
from head of tide to surf waters.

          B.  All tidal waters of Jumping Brook and tributaries thereto
downstream from head of tide to Shark River and to surf waters.

          C.  Tidal waters of main stem of Manasquan River and of
tributaries thereto downstream from near the Garden State Parkway to
surf waters.

          D.  All other tidal waters of the Plain downstream from the
head of tide to surf waters.

     V-  Class CW-1

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                                - 5 -
         Ocean waters within 1,500 feet from mean low tide  to  a depth
of 15 feet, whichever is more distant from the mean low  tide line, from
Sandy Hook to Cape May Point.

     VI.  Class CW-2

          Ocean waters of the Plain not included under Class CW-1 out
to the "three mile limit."
Filed with the Secretary of State:  April 27, 1967

Effective Date:  May 24, 1967

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                               SECTION VI
                       ATLANTIC COASTAL BASIN
                         INTERSTATE WATERS
 1.   Atlantic Ocean




 2.   Barnegat Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 3.   Manahawkin Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 4.   Little Egg Harbor Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 5.   Great Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 6.   Little Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 7.   Grassy Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 8.   Reeds Bay and interconnecting thorofares




 9.   Absecon Bay and interconnecting thorofares




10.   Lakes Bay and interconnecting thorofares




11.   Sculls Bay and interconnecting thorofares




12.   Great Egg Harbor Bay and interconnecting thorofares




13.   Pecks Bay and interconnecting thorofares




14.   Corsons Sound and interconnecting thorofares




15.   Ludlams Bay and interconnecting thorofares




16.   Townsend's Sound and interconnecting thorofares




17.   Stites Sound and interconnecting thorofares




18.   Great Sound and interconnecting thorofares




19.   Jenkins Sound and interconnecting thorofares




20.   Grassy Sound and interconnecting thorofares




21.   Richardson Sound and interconnecting thorofares




22.   Jarvis Sound and interconnecting thorofares




23.   Cape May Harbor and interconnecting thorofares




24.   Shark River and tributaries to head of tide




25.   Manasquan River and tributaries to head of tide

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                                 - 2 -






26.  Metedeconk River and tributaries to head of tide


27.  Toms River and tributaries to head of tide (at Route 9)


28.  Cedar Creek and tributaries to head of tide


29.  Forked River and tributaries to head of tide


30.  Oyster Creek and tributaries to head of tide


31.  Mill Creek and tributaries to head of tide


32.  Westecunk Creek and tributaries to head of tide


33.  Tuckerton Creek and tributaries to head of tide


34.  Mullica River and tributaries to head of tide


35.  Great Egg Harbor River and tributaries to head of tide
                              i

36.  Tuckahoe River and tributaries to head of tide

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WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

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              RULES  AND  REGULATIONS



ESTABLISHING  SURFACE  WATER  QUALITY  CRITERIA
                    June  30,  1971
   New  Jersey  Department  of Environmental  Protection
           Richard J.  Sullivan, Commissioner

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                                                           STATE OF NEW JERSEY
                                                      DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
                                                               PROTECTION
Office of the Commissioner
                                        FOREWORD
        On the  following pages  surface water  quality  criteria are set forth
        which have been adopted "by  the New  Jersey  Department of Environmental
        Protection.

        These criteria are  definitions of acceptable  water quality for the
        various  categories  of surface waters  in  our state.  They are not
        intended to be enforcement  standards  in  their own right.  They represent
        water quality objectives  hopefully  to be met  through a rigorous
        enforcement program.

        The entry of wastes into  a  stream cannot be permitted if it will cause
        the quality of the  stream to fail to  meet  the criteria.  For waterways
        that are already polluted all waste treatment effluents and other
        sources  of pollution must be upgraded or eliminated to permit the
        restoration of quality  as defined by  the criteria.  In all such cases
        standards are imposed upon  the effluent  in the form of existing treatment
        regulations, administrative orders, or where  necessary, orders of the
        court.

        Similar  control over effluent quality will be imposed as a condition of
        obtaining the required  State permit for  the construction of any new
        industrial or community waste treatment  facilities.  Such facilities
        should  have incorporated  in them pollution control in keeping with the
        currently accepted  state  of the  art.  Only by stringent regulation of
        effluent quality will we  have any chance whatever of causing our waterways
        to meet  these quality criteria.
                                            Richard  J.  Sullivan
                                            Commissioner
        Approved:

        Filed With  Secretary  of  State:  30 June  1971

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                       INTRODUCTION
The water resources management concept is vital  to  an effective water pollution
control program.  The waters of this State are priceless natural resources
which must be properly managed if they are to be retained useable for their
best purposes.

The basis for such an effort includes establishing  a system of defining the
best uses for all surface waters including not only the present but also
possible future uses and recognizing the possibility of a variety of compatible
uses.  This then permits the development of quality values or parameters for
such best uses.  These two measures are incorporated in the regulations.

The general ranking of uses to be protected for  all of New Jersey's fresh,
tidal and coastal waters include but are not necessarily limited to the
following:

     (1)  Fresh Surface Waters

          (a)  Those set aside for posterity to  represent the natural
               aquatic environment and its associated biota.
          (b)  Public water supply.
          (c)  Recreation.
          (d)  Maintenance, migration and propagation of natural and
               established biota.
          (e)  Industrial water supply.
          (f)  Agricultural water supply.
          (g)  Navigation.

     (2)  Tidal Waters

          (a)  Shellfish harvesting.
          (b)  Public water supply.
          (c)  Recreation.
          (d)  Maintenance, migration and propagation of the natural
               and established biota.
          (e)  Fish passage and survival.
          (f)  Industrial water supply.
          (g)  Agricultural water supply.
          (h)  Navigation.

     (3)  Coastal Waters

          (a)  Recreation.
          (b)  Maintenance, migration and propagation of the natural
               and established biota.

In the Water Quality Act of 1965, the U. S. Congress authorized the estab-
lishment of water quality standards for interstate  (including coastal) waters.
The purpose of these standards is the protection and enhancement of the
quality and productivity of the nation's interstate waters to serve a variety
of beneficial uses.  This Act, which amended the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, requires that the States establish  standards for their interstate
waters subject to review and approval by the Secretary of the Interior.  The
responsibility for this and other water pollution control functions has since

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been transferred from the Secretary of  the  Interior  to  the  Administrator  of
the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.

The standards serve as both State and Federal  standards which  are  enforceable
under the State water pollution control statutes  and  the  Federal Water  Pollution
Control Act, as amended (Section 10).

These water quality standards actually  consist of  the following three major
components:

     (a)  A statement of policy on the  protection  and enhancement  of water
          resources including numerical values and narrative descriptions
          of water quality parameters for specific x^ater  uses.
     (b)  Classification of surface waters  designating  specific best uses.
     (c)  A plan of implementation and  enforcement including treatment  and
          control requirements for all wastewaters discharged  into or
          affecting surface waters.

The State Department of Health, the agency  previously responsible  for water
pollution control, adopted regulations effective  September  1,  1964 establishing
numerical values and narrative descriptions of water quality parameters for
specific water uses.  It is these September 1, 1964  regulations that are  to
be amended and updated and will hereinafter be referred to  in  this document
as "Surface Water Quality Criteria."  The other two  components of  New Jersey's
water quality standards (b and c above) will,  if necessary, be amended  in the
future and submitted to the Administrator of the U.  S.  Environmental Protection
Agency for approval.

In addition to the adoption of Surface Water Quality Criteria, the Department
has classified New Jersey's waters, interstate and intrastate, as  to their
best intended uses.  The water quality  standards were submitted to the
Department of Interior on June 27, 1967 for Federal  approval in accordance
with the statutory timetable.  Subsequently, certain  revisions were made  in
the original submission.  The Secretary of  the Interior on  March 13, 1968
approved the standards-with certain exceptions.

The exceptions contained in the Secretary's approval have been accommodated
in these criteria.  The criteria also reflect  considerable  reliance upon  the
findings and recommendations in the "Report of the Committee on Water Quality
Criteria" published April 1, 1968 by the Federal Water Pollution Control
Administration.

The Surface Water Quality Criteria also reflect the  efforts and opinions  of
members of the State Interdepartmental  Committee  on  Surface Water  Pollution
Abatement.  Representation on this Committee includes the Division of
Water Resources, Division of Fish, Game and Shellfisheries, Division of
Parks and Forests, all within the Department of Environmental  Protection,
the Division of Rural Resources of the Department  of Agriculture,  the
Division of State and Regional Planning of  the Department of Community
Affairs, and the Division of Economic Development  of  the  Department of  Labor
and Industry.

The amended Surface Water Quality Criteria  consists  of  the  following:

     (a)  Statement of policy on the protection and  enhancement, of water
          resources.
                                   ii

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     (b)  Glossary of terms.
     (c)  Parameters of quality consisting of numerical values and narrative
          descriptions for defined water uses.

These criteria do not describe existing quality conditions of New Jersey's
waterways.  They do represent objectives of cleanliness which hopefully can
be achieved through the administrative and enforcement mechanisms available
to the State Department of Environmental Protection.

We believe that these criteria are achievable through rather severe wastewater
treatment requirements that are already in effect in addition to the contemplated
construction of regional water pollution control projects or the reconstruction
and improvement of existing facilities.  Additional measures may be required
to deal with nonspecific pollution sources.

These criteria will provide the basis for protecting and enhancing the quality
of both interstate and intrastate waters; they are compatible with those
adopted by our neighboring states.

Considerable water quality data will be gathered and studies made to permit
a continuing evaluation of the proposed criteria and effluent regulations.
Scientific analyses of such data will, in turn, enable the Department to
expand specific wastewater effluent quality standards including equitable
load allocation for each approved discharge source.  This approach has
already been taken in the Delaware River Estuary area.

These criteria may also be utilized to assist in determining the influence
of man's  activities beyond those involving the discharge of used community
or industrial waters.  These indirect sources of water pollution include land
development, water impoundments, dredging, landfills and agricultural operations.

It should be pointed out that the criteria are not intended to be applicable
in instances where water quality does not conform to specified values solely
as a result of natural causes.

With the  exception of a relatively few toxic substances, tolerable levels
of many toxic substances in waters have not been fully established.  In
addition, toxicity may vary depending upon the presence or interaction of
different constituents and the nature or characteristics of the stream or
waterway  involved.  Therefore, maximum permissible limits for toxic substances
will be determined by appropriate bioassays in addition to available technical
guidance.

Because of the complex interrelationships between the physical, chemical,
biological and hydrological factors affecting the aquatic environment, utili-
zation of these criteria, particularly where specific numerical values are
involved, must be carried out with great care.  Sufficient valid data must
be obtained and assessed to determine with reasonable accuracy levels of
quality for a particular waterway.  This cannot be overemphasized since these
criteria will be utilized not only by the State Department of Environmental
Protection but by other water pollution control and water resource agencies,
local boards of health, private citizens, civic and other groups.

These criteria and other information will guide the Department in determining
the required degree of treatment, and therefore the quality of effluent for
all waste treatment facilities.


                                  iii

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           NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
                         RULES AND REGULATIONS
                    SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
Section 1 - Statement of Policy	   Page's 1 and 2


Section 2 - Glossary of Terms	   Pages 3 and 4
Section 3 - Surface Water-Use Designations and Criteria
            of Quality to be Maintained in Waters so
            Designated 	    Pages 5-19

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                                 SECTION 1

                           A STATEMENT OF POLICY


 1.1  Chapter  12  of  Title  58 of the Revised Statutes  of  New Jersey  (N.J.S.A.)
      58:12-3  provides  that no plant for the treatment of domestic  or  industrial
      wastes or other polluting substance from which  the effluent is to  flow
      into  any of the waters of this State, shall be  constructed.except  under
      such  conditions as shall be  established by the  State Department  of Environ-
      mental Protection.

 1.2  The protection and enhancement of the quality and  function of the  waters
      of this  State  into which effluents from sewerage facilities are  discharged
      is a  principal objective of  the State Department of Environmental
      Protection  when considering  the approval of designs for  proposed sewerage
      facilities.

 1.3  Waters which are  designated  to be retained in their natural state  and
      therefore not  subject to any man-made wastewater discharges shall  be
      protected.

 1.4  The protection and enhancement of the State's waterways  shall take
      precedence  over such allowable minimal water quality levels as may  be
      established.

 1.5  In all situations where there may be  an impingement of a lesser  quality
      water upon  that of a higher  quality of water, the  lesser quality of water
      shall be upgraded in order to protect or improve adjacent higher quality
      waters.

 1.6  Existing approved shellfish  harvesting areas  shall be protected.   Tidal
      waters that  now are  at levels of  quality below  acceptable limits for
      shellfish harvesting shall be restored.

 1.7  Any industry or community does not have the privilege of utilizing  the
      theoretical  capacity of surface waters to receive  waste  discharges.

 1.8  Water is vital to life and comprises  an invaluable natural resource
      which is not to be abused by any  segment of the State's  population  or
      its economy.

 1.9  Where existing water quality is better than the established criteria,
      the Department of Environmental Protection in the  administration of
      its regulations shall maintain the quality of such waters unless it
      can be demonstrated  that  change is justifiable  as  a result of necessary
      economic or  social development.

1.10  The water quality criteria for the main stem  of the Delaware  River
      (fresh and  tidal) to and  including the Delaware Bay are  established in
      the current Water Quality Standards for the Delaware River Basin adopted
      by the Delaware River Basin  Commission as  part  of  its Comprehensive Plan.

1.11  The water quality criteria for the Raritan Bay  shall be  those established
      for TW-1 waters, as  a minimum,  but that  the management of the quality
      of the water system  comprising the Raritan Bay  shall be  such  as  to
                                    -1-

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      assure that regulations of the Interstate Sanitation Commission with
      respect to dissolved oxygen will be met.

1.12  The levels of quality specified for various water uses, where  applicable,
      are expected to be maintained under conditions comprising minimum
      consecutive seven day fresh water flows with ten year recurrence intervals

1.13  The minimum degree of wastewater treatment permitted shall consist of
      the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand by at least 80 percent at
      all times.  Higher treatment requirements will be established where
      necessary.

1.14  Effective year-round disinfection shall be required for all treated
      wastewater discharges containing pathogenic organisms.
                                   -2-

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                                SECTION 2

                            GLOSSARY OF TERMS
 2.1  Agricultural Water Supply - Water used  for livestock or irrigation.

 2.2  Anadromous Fish - Fish that spend a part of their lives in the sea or
      lakes, but ascend rivers to spawn.

 2.3  Aquatic Substrata - Soil material and attached biota underlying the
      water.

 2.4  Biota - The animal and plant life of the region; flora and fauna
      collectively.

 2.5  Department - New Jersey State Department of Environmental Protection.

 2.6  Eutrophic Lake - Lakes with a good supply of nutrients; they may
      support rich organic production, such as algae blooms and are commonly
      deficient in dissolved oxygen below the thermocline when stratified.

 2.7  Industrial Water Supply - Water used for processing and cooling.

 2.8  Mixing Zones - Localized areas of surface waters, as may be designated
      by the Department, into which wastewater effluents, including heat,
      may be discharged for the purpose of mixing, dispersing or dissipating
      such wastewater without creating nuisances or hazardous conditions.

 2.9  Natural Temperature - Temperature that would exist in a waterway without
      the addition of heat of artificial origin.

2.10  ^ontrout Waters - Waters, that because of their physical and/or chemical
      and/or biotic characteristics, are not suitable for trout but which, in
      general, are suitable for a wide variety of other fish species.

2.11  Primary Contact Recreation - Recreational activities that involve sig-
      nificant ingestion risks and including but not limited to the following:
      (1) wading,  (2) swimming, (3) diving, (4) surfing, and (5) water skiing.

2.12  Secondary Contact Recreation - Recreational activities where the
      probability of significant contact or water ingestion is minimal and
      including but not limited to:  (1) boating, (2) fishing, (3) and those
      other activities involving limited contact with surface waters incident
      to shoreline recreation.

2.13  Surface Water Classifications - Surface waters of this State identified
      as (1) Fresh (FW), (2) Tidal (TW) and (3; Coastal (CW).  This includes
      both interstate and intrastate waters.

2.14  Thermocline - The layer in a body of water in which the drop in temperature
      equals or exceeds 1° C. per meter of depth.

2.15  Thermal Alterations - The increase or decrease in temperature of surface
      waters above or below the natural that may be caused by the activities
      of man.
                                   -3-

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2.16  Trout Maintenance Waters - Waters that support trout throughout the year
      or which have high potential for such use pending the correction of short
      term environmental alterations.  Waters in which the biotic community is
      manipulated for the purpose of trout maintenance and which are otherwise
      not naturally suited for such purposes are not included.

2.17  Trout Production Waters - Waters that are used by trout for spawning
      and/or nursery purposes during their first summer; or which are considered
      to have high potential for such use pending the correction of short term
      environmental alterations.

2.18  Wildlife - All undomesticated animals and fowl.
                                  -4-

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                                                                                Fl'-l
                                    SECTION 3

              SURFACE WATER USE DESIGNATIONS AND CRITERIA OF QUALITY
                      TO BE MAINTAINED IN WATERS SO DESIGNATED
               SECTION 3.1 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR FW-1 WATERS

                     CLASS FW-1 - Fresh waters, including rivers,
                     streams, lakes, or other bodies of water, that
                     because of their clarity, color, scenic setting,
                     or other characteristic of aesthetic value or
                     unique special interest, have been designated by
                     authorized State agencies in conformance with
                     laws pertaining to the use of private lands, are
                     set aside for posterity to represent the natural
                     aquatic environment and its associated biota.

3.1.1  These waters shall be maintained as to quality in their natural state
       and shall not be subject to any man-made wastewater discharges.
                                       -5-

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               SECTION 3.2 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR FW-2 WATERS

                     CLASS FW-2 - Fresh surface waters approved as
                     sources of public water supply.  These waters
                     shall be suitable for public potable water
                     supply after such treatment as shall be
                     required by the Department.

                     These waters shall also be suitable for the
                     maintenance, migration and propagation of
                     the natural and established biota; and for
                     primary contact recreation; industrial and
                     agricultural water supply and any other
                     reasonable uses.

3.2.1  FLOATING SOLIDS, SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

       Hone noticeable in the water or deposited along the shore or on the
       aquatic substrata in quantities detrimental to the natural biota.
       None which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

3.2.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
       ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
       OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS. CHLORINE, PHENOLS. PESTICIDES, ETC.

       None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
       concentrations as to affect humans or be detrimental to the natural
       aquatic biota or which would render the waters unsuitable for the
       desigr ited uses.  None which would cause the Potable Water Standards
       of   .e Department for drinking water to be exceeded after appropriate
       treatment.

3.2.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

       None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes and/or
       odors in water supplies and fauna used for human consumption.  None
       which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

3.2.4  £H

       Between 6.5 and 8.5.

3.2.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

       (a) Trout Production Waters - Not less than 7.0 mg/1 at any time.

       (b) Trout Maintenance Streams - Daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1.
           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

       (c) Trout Maintenance Lakes - Daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1.
           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

           In eutrophic lakes when stratification is present, not less than
           4.0 mg/1 in or above the thermocline where water temperatures
           are below 72° F.  At depths where the water is 72° F. or above,
                                       -6-

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SECTION 3.2                                                                     FW-2
           daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1 and not less than 5.0 mg/1
           at any time.

       (d) Montrout Waters - Daily average not less than  5.0 mg/1.  Not less
           than 4.0 mg/1 at any time.

3.2.6  TEMPERATURE

       (a)-Trout Production Waters - Natural temperatures shall prevail except
           where properly treated wastewater effluents may be discharged.  Where
           such discharges occur, stream  temperatures shall not be raised more
           than 1° F.

       (b) Trout Maintenance Streams - No heat may he added which would cause
           temperatures to exceed 2° F. over the natural  temperatures at any time
           or which would cause temperatures in excess of 68° F.

           Reductions  in temperatures may be permitted where it can be shown
           that trout  will benefit without detriment to other designated water
           uses.  The  rate of  temperature change in designated mixing zones
           shall not cause mortality of the biota.

       (c) Trout Maintenance Lakes - No thermal alterations except where it
           can be shown to benefit the designated uses.

       (d) Nontrout Waters - No thermal alteration's, except in designated
           mixing zones, which would cause temperatures to deviate more than
           5° F. at any time from natural stream temperatures or more than
           3° F. in the epilimnion of lakes and other standing waters.

           No heat may be added, except in designated mixing zones, which
           would cause temperatures to exceed 82° F. for  small mouth bass
           or yellow perch waters or 86°  F. for other nontrout waters.

           The rate of temperature change in designated mixing zones shall
           not cause mortality of the biota.

 3.2.7  RADIOACTIVITY

       Current U. S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards shall apply.

 3.2.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coliform  levels shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200/100 ml.
       Samples shall be obtained at sufficient frequencies and at locations
       and during periods which will permit valid interpretation pf laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate sanitary surveys shall also be carried out as a supplement
       to  such sampling and laboratory analyses.
                                        -7-

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FW-3
               SECTION 3.3 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR FW-3 WATERS

                     CLASS FW-3 - Fresh surface waters suitable
                     for the maintenance, migration and propa-
                     gation of the natural and established biota;
                     and for primary contact recreation; industrial
                     and agricultural water supply and any other
                     reasonable uses.

3.3.1  FLOATING SOLIDS,  SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

       None noticeable in the water or deposited along the shore or on the
       aquatic substrata in quantities detrimental to the natural biota.
       None which would  render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

3.3.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
       ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI. CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
       OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

       None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
       concentrations as to affect humans or be detrimental to the natural
       aquatic biota or  which would render the x^aters unsuitable for the
       designated uses.

3.3.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

       None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes and/or
       odors in fauna used for human consumption.  None which would render the
       waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

3.3.4  p_H

       Between 6.5 and 8.5.

3.3.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

       (a) Trout Production Waters - Not less than 7.0 mg/1 at any time.

       (b) Trout Maintenance Streams - Daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1.
           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

       (c) Trout Maintenance Lakes - Daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1.
           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

           In eutrophic  lakes when stratification is present, not less than
           4.0 mg/1 in or above the thermocline where water temperatures
           are below 72° F.  At depths where the water is 72° F. or above,
           daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1 and not less than 5.0 mg/1
           at any time.

       (d) Nontrout Waters - Daily average not less than 5.0 mg/1.  Not less
           than 4.0 mg/1 at any time.

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SECTION 3.3                                                                      FU-:


3.3.6  TEMPERATURE

       (a) Trout Production Waters  - Natural  temperatures  shall  prevail except
           where properly  treated wastewater  effluents may be  discharged.  Where
           such discharges occur, stream temperatures shall not  be  raised more
           than 1° F.

       (b) Trout Maintenance  Streams -  No heat  may  be added which would cause
           temperatures  to exceed 2° F.  over  the  natural  temperatures  at any time
           or which would  cause  temperatures  in excess of  68°  F.

           Reductions  in temperatures may be  permitted where it  can be shown
           that trout  will benefit  without detriment to other  designated water
           uses.  The  rate of temperature change  in designated mixing  zones
           shall not  cause mortality of the biota.

       (c) Trout Maintenance  Lakes  - No thermal alterations except  where it
           can be shown  to benefit  the  designated uses.

       (d) Nontrout Waters -  Mo  thermal alterations, except in designated
           mixing zones  which would cause temperatures to deviate more than
           5° F. at any  time  from natural stream temperatures  or more  that*
           3° F. in the  epilimnion  of  lakes and other standing waters.

           No heat may be  added, except in designated mixing zones, which
           would cause temperatures to  exceed 82° F.  for  small mouth bass
           or yellow  perch waters or  86° F. for other nontrout waters.

           The  rate of temperature  change in  designated mixing zones shall
           not  cause  mortality of the  biota.

 3.3.7  RADIOACTIVITY

       Current  U.  S.  Public Health  Service Drinking Water Standards shall  apply.

 3.3.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coliform levels  shall  not exceed a geometric mean of  200/100  ml.
       Samples  shall  be  obtained at sufficient frequencies and at  locations
       and during  periods  which will permit valid interpretation of laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate  sanitary surveys shall also be carried out  as a supplement
       to such  sampling and laboratory analyses.

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TW-1
                  SECTION 3.4 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TW-1 WATERS

                        CLASS TW-1 - Tidal waters approved as sources
                        of public potable water supply.   These waters
                        shall be suitable for public potable water
                        supply after such treatment as shall be
                        required by the Department.

                        These waters shall be suitable for shellfish
                        harvesting where permitted.

                        These waters shall also be suitable for the
                        maintenance, migration and propagation of
                        the natural and established biota; and for
                        primary contact recreation; industrial and
                        agricultural water supply and any other
                        reasonable uses.

   3.4.1  FLOATING SOLIDS, SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

          None noticeable in the water or deposited along the shore or on the
          aquatic substrata in quantities detrimental to the natural biota.
          None which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

   3.4.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
          ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
          OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

          None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
          concentrations as to affect humans or be detrimental to the natural
          aquatic biota or which would render the waters unsuitable for the
          designated uses.  None which would cause the Potable Water Standards
          of the Department for drinking water to be exceeded after appropriate
          treatment.

   3.4.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

          None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes and/or
          odors in water supplies and biota used for human consumption.  None
          which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

   3.4.4  £H

          Between 6.5 and 8.5

   3.4.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

          (a) Trout Maintenance Waters - Daily average not less than 6.0 mg/1.
              Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

          (b) Nontrout Waters - Daily average not less than 5.0 mg/1.  Hot less
              than 4.0 mg/1 at any time.
                                         -10-

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SECTION 3.A                                                                      TW-1


3.4.6  TEMPERATURE

       (a) Trout Maintenance  Streams  - No heat  may be  added which would  cause
           temperatures to exceed  2°  F.  over  the  natural  temperatures  at  any time
           or which would cause temperatures  in excess  of  68°  F.

           Reductions in temperatures may be  permitted  where it can be shown
           that trout will benefit without  detriment to other  designated  water
           •uses.  The rate of temperature change  in designated mixing  zones
           shall not cause mortality  of  the biota.

       (b) Nontrout Waters -  No heat  nay be added except  in designated mixing
           zones, which would cause temperatures  to exceed 85° F., or  82° F.
           in yellow perch waters, or which will  cause  the monthly mean  of the
           maximum daily temperature  at  any site, prior to the addition  of any
           heat, to be exceeded by more  than  4° F. during  September through
           May, or more than  1.5°  F.  during June  through August.  The  rate of
           temperature change in designated mixing zones shall not cause
           mortality of the biota.

3.4.7  RADIOACTIVITY

       Current U. S. Public Health Service  Drinking Water  Standards shall apply.

3.4.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       (a) Approved Shellfish Harvesting Waters - Where harvesting of  shellfish
           is permitted, requirements established by the National Shellfish
           Sanitation Program as set  forth  in its current  manual  of operations
           shall apply.

       (b) All Other Waters - Fecal coliform  levels shall  not  exceed a geometric
           mean of 200/100 ml.

           Samples shall be obtained  at  sufficient frequencies and at  locations
           and during periods which will permit valid  interpretation of  laboratory
           analyses.

           Appropriate sanitary surveys  shall be  carried  out as a supplement
           to such sampling and laboratory  analyses.
                                       -11-

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rw-2
                  SECTION 3.5 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TW-2 WATERS

                        CLASS TW-2 - Tidal waters suitable for
                        secondary contact recreation but not
                        primary contact recreation; the mainte-
                        nance of fish populations; the migration
                        of anadromous fish; the maintenance of
                        wildlife and any other reasonable uses.

   3.5.1  FLOATING SOLIDS, SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

          None noticeable in the water or deposited along the shore or on  the
          aquatic substrata in quantities detrimental to the natural biota.
          None which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

   3.5.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
          ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
          OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

          None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
          concentrations as to be detrimental to fish or inhibit their natural
          migration or which would render the waters unsuitable for the
          designated uses.

   3.5.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

          None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes and/or
          odors in biota used for human consumption.  None which would render the
          waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

   3.5.4  p_H

          Between 6.5 and 8.5.

   3.5.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

          Not less than 4.0 mg/1 at any time.

   3.5.6  TEMPERATURE

          No heat may be added, except in designated mixing zones, which would
          cause temperatures to exceed 85° F., or which would cause the monthly
          mean of the maximum daily temperature at any site, prior to the  addition
          of any heat, to be exceeded by more than 4° F. during September  through
          May, or more than 1.5° F. during June through August.  The rate  of
          temperature change in designated mixing zones shall not cause mortality
          of the biota.

   3.5.7  RADIOACTIVITY

          Current U.  S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards shall apply
                                         -12-

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SECTION 3.5                                                                     TW-2
3.5.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coliform levels shall not exceed  a  geometric mean of 770/100 ml.
       Samples shall be obtained at sufficient frequencies and at locations
       and during periods which will permit valid  interpretation of laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate sanitary surveys shall  also be  carried out as a supplement
       to such sampling and laboratory analyses.
                                       -13-

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               SECTION 3.6 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TW-3 WATERS

                     CLASS TW-3 - Tidal waters used primarily for
                     navigation,'not recreation.  These waters
                     shall be suitable for fish survival and the
                     passage of anadromous fish and for any other
                     reasonable uses.

3.6.1  FLOATING SOLIDS, SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

       None noticeable in the water or contributing to the formation of
       sludge deposits.

3.6.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
       ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
       OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

       None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
       concentrations as to cause fish mortality or inhibit their natural
       migration or which would render the waters unsuitable for the
       designated uses.

3.6.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

       None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes and/or
       odors in fauna used for human consumption.  None which would render the
       waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

3.6.4  £H

       Between 6.5 and 8.5.

3.6.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

       Not less than 3.0 mg/1 at any time.

3.6.6  TEMPERATURE

       No heat may be added, except in designated mixing zones, which would
       cause temperatures to exceed 85° F., or which would cause the monthly
       mean of the maximum daily temperature at any site, prior to the addition
       of any heat, to be exceeded by more than 4° F. during September through
       May, or more than 1.5° F. during June through August.  The rate of
       temperature change in designated mixing zones shall not cause mortality
       of the biota.

3.6.7  RADIOACTIVITY

       Current U.  S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards shall apply,
                                      -14-

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SECTION 3.6                                                                     TW-3
3.6.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coliform levels shall not exceed a geometric mean of 1500/100 ml.
       Samples shall be obtained at sufficient frequencies and at locations
       and during periods which will permit valid interpretation of laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate sanitary surveys shall also be carried out as a supplement
       to such sampling and laboratory analyses.
                                       -15-

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CW-1
                   SECTION 3.7 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR CW-1 WATERS

                         CLASS CW-1 - The waters of the Atlantic Ocean
                         within 1500 feet from mean lew tide shoreline
                         or to a bottom depth of 15 feet below the mean
                         low tide elevation,  whichever is more distant
                         from the mean low tide shoreline.

                         These waters shall be suitable for primary
                         contact recreation;  the maintenance, migration
                         and propagation of the natural and established
                         biota and any other  reasonable uses.

    3.7.1  FLOATING SOLIDS. SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL, GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

           None noticeable in the water or deposited along the shore or on the
           aquatic substrata in quantities detrimental to the natural biota.
           None which would render the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

    3.7.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
           ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS, CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
           OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

           None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
           concentrations as to affect humans or be detrimental to the natural
           aquatic biota or which would render the waters unsuitable for the
           designated uses.

    3.7.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

           None offensive to humans or which  would produce offensive tastes and
           odors in biota used for human consumption.   None which would render
           the waters unsuitable for the designated uses.

    3.7.4  £H

           Between 6.5 and 8.5.

    3.7.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at any time.

    3.7.6  TEMPERATURE

           No heat may be added directly to these waters.  As a result of any
           heat which may be added elsewhere, the temperature at any given site
           may not exceed 80° F., nor may the monthly  mean of the maximum daily
           temperature, prior to the addition of any heat, be exceeded by more
           than 4° F. during September through May or  more than 1.5° F. during
           June through August.

    3.7.7  RADIOACTIVITY

           Current U. S.  Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards shall apply,
                                          -16-

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SECTION 3.7                                                                     CW-1
3.7.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coHform levels shall not exceed a geometric mean of 50/100 ml.
       Samples shall be obtained at sufficient frequencies and at locations
       and during periods which will permit valid interpretation of laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate sanitary surveys shall  also be carried out as a supplement
       to such sampling and laboratory analyses.
                                       -17-

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CU-2
                   SECTION 3.8 - SURFACE WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR CW-2 WATERS

                         CLASS CW-2 - Atlantic Ocean waters beyond
                         those established under CW-1 to the three
                         mile limit.

                         These waters shall be suitable for secondary
                         contact recreation; the maintenance, migration
                         and propagation of the natural and established
                         biota and any other reasonable uses.

    3.8.1  FLOATING SOLIDS, SETTLEABLE SOLIDS, OIL,  GREASE, COLOR AND TURBIDITY

           None noticeable in the water or deposited on the aquatic substrata in
           quantities detrimental to the natural biota.  None which would render
           the waters unsuitable for the designated  uses.

    3.8.2  TOXIC OR DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MINERAL
           ACIDS, CAUSTIC ALKALI, CYANIDES, HEAVY METALS,  CARBON DIOXIDE, AMMONIA
           OR AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, PHENOLS, PESTICIDES, ETC.

           None, either alone or in combination with other substances, in such
           concentrations as to affect humans or be  detrimental to the natural
           aquatic biota or which would render the waters  unsuitable for the
           designated uses.

    3.8.3  TASTE AND ODOR PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

           None offensive to humans or which would produce offensive tastes  and
           odors in fauna used for human consumption.   None which would render
           the waters unsuitable for the designated  uses.

    3.8.4  £H

           Between 6.5 and 8.5.

    3.8.5  DISSOLVED OXYGEN

           Not less than 5.0 mg/1 at  any time.

    3.8.6  TEMPERATURE

           No heat may be added, except in designated  mixing zones, which would
           cause the temperature to exceed 80° F. , or which would cause the  monthly
           mean of the maximum daily  temperature at  any site, prior to the addition
           of any heat, to be exceeded by more than  4° F.  during September through
           May; or more than 1.5° F.  during June through August.  The rate of
           temperature change in designated mixing zones shall not cause mortality
           of the biota.

    3.8.7  RADIOACTIVITY

           Current U.  S.  Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards shall apply
                                          -18-

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SECTION 3.8                                                                     CW-2
3.8.8  BACTERIAL QUALITY

       Fecal coliform levels shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200/100 ml.
       Samples shall be obtained at sufficient frequencies and at locations
       and during periods which will permit valid interpretation of laboratory
       analyses.

       Appropriate sanitary surveys shall  also be carried out as a supplement
       to such sampling and laboratory analyses.
                                       -19-

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ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN
  IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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                NEW JERSEY  STATE DEPARTMENT OF  HEALTH

                   DIVISION OF CLEAN AIR AND  WATER

                   WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM

    STREAM CLASSIFICATION - STANDARDS OF QUALITY  -  IMPLEMENTATION


                              SECTION VI

                        ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN
     Hearing

     Three hearings were held at locations within the Atlantic Coastal
Plain.  The locations were Asbury Park  (March 15, 1967), Toms River
(March 22, 1967) and Ocean City  (March  29, 1967).  The hearings were
conducted by representatives of the State Department of Health assigned
by the State Commissioner of Health.  The hearings were well attended.

     Preparations for the hearings included recommendations for classi-
fication made by the Interdepartmental  Committee, advertising and other
formal notification, etc.  These procedures, with some refinements, were
substantially the same as those followed for the hearing on the Raritan
River Basin detailed herein  (Section II); documentation is included
herewith.

     Classification

     Effective May 24, 1967 the State Department of Health issued
regulations entitled "Regulations Concerning Classifications of the
Surface Waters of the Atlantic Coastal  Plain."  These regulations cover
interstate as well as intrastate streams in the coastal plain.

     The fresh water streams were classified as FW-1, FW-2 and FW-3,
depending upon the anticipated uses of  the streams.  The only change
reflected by the regulations adopted by the State Department of Health
from the recommendations made by the Interdepartmental Committee had
to do with the fresh water streams in Ocean County.  The classification
established for these streams was FW-2  rather than FW-3.  This was in
consideration of the request made by the Board of Chosen Freeholders
of the County of Ocean at the hearing,  and later confirmed by the
Freeholders as well as the Toms River Water Company which serves a
substantial population in the Toms River area of Ocean County.  This
change merely establishes somewhat more stringent control over future
discharges, if any, especially industrial wastes to these fresh waters

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                                - 2 -
so that they may be available as sources of public water supply in the
future.  The interstate waters of the basin were classified as TW-1,
CW-1 and CW-2.  For details of the standards of quality applicable to
each water classification, reference is made to the "Regulations
Establishing Certain Classifications to be Assigned to the Waters of
this State and Standards of Quality to be Maintained in Waters so
Classified, "adopted by the State Department of Health, effective
September 1, 1964 and amended on January 5, 1966 and March 6, 1967-

     Notification of Classification

     Notification of classification of the waters of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain was given to all parties present at the hearings held on
March 15, 22 and 29.  There also was wide coverage of the classifi-
cations in the press throughout the drainage basin as well as elsewhere
in the State of New Jersey.

     Implementation Plan

     For details on the Implementation Plan in the Atlantic Coastal
Plain, which is basically the same for the entire State of New Jersey,
reference is made to Section II herein.

     The initial step for implementation of the classification program
in the Atlantic Coastal Plain was the enactment of rules and regulations
establishing minimum degrees of treatment for domestic and industrial
wastes.  These regulations entitled "Regulations Concerning Treatment
of Wastewaters, Domestic and Industrial Separately or in Combination,
Discharged into the Waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, including
the Atlantic Ocean" carry an effective date of June 1, 1967.

     Formal orders establishing timetables for appropriate action
including terminal dates for the completion of indicated construction
have been issued against every municipality and other entities known
to be contributors to the pollution of the interstate waters of the
Atlantic Coastal Plain (list included herewith).  (A copy of the order
issued against the Borough of Pleasantville is included herewith as a
sample.  The timetable is identical for all orders issued in the
Coastal Plain.  Similar orders will be issued late in June or early in
July 1967 against all offenders discharging to the fresh waters of the
Coastal Plain.)

     The interstate waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain are used for
recreational purposes including bathing, boating and fishing, and,
"where permitted," shellfish harvesting.  There are no changes antici-
pated in the uses of these waters, except that it is hoped that some
of the waters may be restored so that expansion of the waters where
shellfish harvesting is permitted may be practicable.

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                                — 3 —
     Enhancement of the quality of the polluted inland tidal waters
(interstate waters) of the Atlantic Coastal Plain is a foregone con-
clusion.  Almost without exception the only sewage treatment provided
in this area to date has been primary treatment plus chlorination.
The new standards require a very high degree of treatment  (95%) re-
moval of biochemical oxygen demand at all times.

     There is no reason to anticipate substantial measureable enhance-
ment of the quality of the relatively clean ocean surf waters in the
immediate future.  However, the high degree of treatment  (85% biochem-
ical oxygen demand removal) being required with discharge into waters
30 to 50 feet in depth will provide a safety factor in protection for
the future beyond that which can be anticipated at present with only
primary treatment and chlorination with effluent discharge only a
thousand feet beyond mean low water.  Henceforth no "to sea" pumping
of sludge through outfall pipes will be permitted in designs of new
facilities to be constructed under Orders issued.  All outfall loca-
tions will be as recommended from engineering and oceanographic
studies.  It is anticipated that there may be some consideration of
ground water recharge with effluents especially in the Cape May County
area but there is nothing definitive along this line.

     The most significant criterion for acceptance or rejection of the
quality of the inland tidal waters along the Atlantic Coast in New
Jersey is, of course, their acceptability for shellfish harvesting.
The shellfish program of the State Department of Health in collaboration
with the water pollution control program maintains a continual sur-
veillance of the shellfish waters and voluminous bacteriological data
are maintained.  This information is in the possession of the Federal
authorities, especially the United States Public Health Service, and
the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration.

     The length of the coast line involved in consideration of the
shellfish industry is approximately 120 miles.  Charts included here-
with show the location of the waters of concern to the shellfish
program and industry.  Of the 164,855 acres of waters in question,
35,510 acres are closed for shellfish harvesting.  Approximately 1,870
acres are open seasonally.

     The largest single "open" body of water is Barnegat Bay where
high water quality has been maintained.  Water quality decreases
sharply below Great Bay.  At least 75% of the Bay water in Atlantic
and Cape May Counties is "condemned."  This is attributed in large
measure to the discharge of sewage treatment plant effluents (primary
treatment and chlorination) into these waters.  In contrast to this
situation, most of the sewage collected in coastal communities and
nearby communities along the Barnegat Bay use the Atlantic Ocean for
ultimate treated waste disposal.

     The detrimental effect of localized pollution of fresh water
streams entering the inland tide waters along the coast is known to be

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minimal even though there has been no comprehensive scientific analyses
made in this situation.  There are included herewith tabulations of
typical analyses of samples collected from major fresh water tribu-
taries discharging to the inland tidal waters.

     Reference is made to Section II herein for information upon the
routine surveillance program, routine stream sampling and law enforce-
ment procedures which are common to all watersheds in the State of New
Jersey.  It is significant to add that in the ocean bathing areas,
routine surveillance is intensified during the summer season by random
spot checks on treatment plant operation on Saturdays, Sundays and
Holidays.  This has the effect of alerting the treatment plant
operators to their responsibilities and this additional surveillance
is carried on under the threat of beach closings if such should be
found necessary.  It is believed that this activity has been most
effective.

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                              SECTION VI
                        ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN
            SOURCES OF POLLUTION COVERED BY  ORDERS  ISSUED
                      PART 1 - OCEAN DISCHARGES
      Municipality

Borough of Allenhurst

City of Asbury Park

Borough of Avon-By-The-Sea

Borough of Bay Head

Borough of Beach Haven


Borough of Belmar

Berkeley Township



Borough of Bradley Beach


Borough of Bradley Beach


Borough of Deal

Dover Township


Borough of Lavallette

Long Beach Township


City of Long Branch


City of Long Branch



Borough of Manasquan

Borough of Neptune City

Neptune Township
          Owner

Borough of Allenhurst

City of Asbury Park

Borough of Avon-By-The-Sea

Borough of Bay Head

Beach Haven Sewerage
Authority

Borough of Belmar

Berkeley Township Sewerage
Authority (So. Seaside
Park)

Borough of Bradley Beach
(Evergreen Avenue)

Borough of Bradley Beach
(Ocean Park Avenue)

Borough of Deal

Dover Sewerage Authority
(Ortley Beach)

Borough of Lavallette

Long Beach Sewerage
Authority

Long Branch Sewerage
Authority (Joline Avenue)

Long Branch Sewerage
Authority (Long Branch
Avenue)

Borough of Manasquan

Borough of Neptune City

Township of Neptune  (#1)
Present Method
 of Treatment

Primary

Primary

Primary

Primary

Primary


Primary

Secondary



Primary


Primary


Primary

Primary


Primary

Primary


Primary


Primary



Primary

Primary

Secondary

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                                — 2 —
      Municipality

Neptune Township

Neptune Township (Ocean
Grove)


Ocean Township



Ocean Township


Borough of Point Pleasant
Beach

Borough of Sea Bright

Borough of Sea Girt

Borough of Seaside Heights

Borough of Seaside Park

Borough of Ship Bottom


Borough of Spring Lake


Borough of Spring Lake
Borough of Spring Lake
Heights
          Owner

Township of Neptune  (#2)

Ocean Grove Camp Meeting
Assn. of the Methodist
Church

Twp. of Ocean - Borough of
Interlaken Joint Sewer
Commission

Township of Ocean
Sewerage Authority

Borough of Point Pleasant
Beach

Borough of Sea Bright

Borough of Sea Girt

Borough of Seaside Heights

Borough of Seaside Park

Ship Bottom Sewerage
Authority

Borough of Spring Lake
(Pennsylvania Avenue)

Borough of Spring Lake
(Pitney Avenue)

Borough of Spring Lake
Heights
Present Method
 of Treatment

Primary

Primary
Primary
Secondary (Under
Construction)

Primary
Primary

Primary

Primary

Primary

Primary


Primary


Primary


Primary
Borough of Surf City
Borough of Surf City
Primary

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                               SECTION VI
                        ATLANTIC COASTAL  PLAIN
             SOURCES OF POLLUTION  COVERED BY  ORDERS ISSUED
                 PART 2 -  INLAND TIDEWATER DISCHARGES
      Municipality

Atlantic City


Atlantic City


Atlantic City

Atlantic City

Borough of Avalon

Berkeley Township


Berkeley Township


Brick Township

City of Brigantine

Dennis Township



Dover Township


Dover Township


Dover Township


Galloway Township



Galloway Township

Borough of Island Heights

Lacey Township
          Owner

Atlantic City Sewer
Company (City Island)

Atlantic City Sewer
Company (Texas Avenue)

Vornado Inc.

Spencer Gifts Inc.

Avalon Sewerage Authority

Berkeley Township Sewerage
Authority (Clamming Creek)

Berkeley Township Sewerage
Authority (Berkeley Shores)

Brick Township

City of Brigantine

New Jersey Highway
Authority (Seaville
Service Center)

Dover Sewerage Authority
(Tom's River)

Dover Sewerage Authority
(Bellcrest)

Dover Township Board of
Education

New Jersey Highway
Authority (Atlantic City
Service Center)

Seaview Country Club

Borough of Island Heights

New Jersey Highway
Authority (Forked River
Service Center)
Present Method
 of Treatment

Primary
Primary


Secondary

Secondary

Secondary

Secondary


Secondary


Tertiary

Secondary

Secondary



Secondary


Secondary


Secondary


Tertiary



Primary

Secondary

Secondary

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                                - 2 -
      Municipality

Lacey Township
Little Egg Harbor
Township

Borough of Longport
Lower Township



Middle Township

Middle Township



City of North Wildwood

Ocean City

Ocean City


Ocean Township


City of Pleasantville

Borough of Point Pleasant


Sea Isle City

City of Somer's Point


Stafford Township


Borough of Stone Harbor

Borough of Tuckerton
Union Township (Ocean
County)
          Owner

State of New Jersey
(Forked River Marina)

Mystic Isles Sewerage
Company, Inc.

Borough of Longport
(35th Street)

Board of Education of the
Lower Cape May Regional
School District

Garden Lake Corporation

Middle Township Sewerage
District #1 (Cape May
Court House)

City of North Wildwood

Ocean City

Ocean City Sewer Service
Company

Mid-Jersey Sewerage Company
Inc. (Skipper's Cove)

City of Pleasantville

Point Pleasant Board of
Education

Sea Isle City

Somer's Point City
Sewerage Authority
Present Method
 of Treatment

Secondary
Secondary


Primary


Secondary



Secondary

Primary



Primary

Secondary

Primary


Secondary


Secondary

Secondary


Primary

Secondary
Stafford Township Municipal Tertiary
Utilities Authority

Borough of Stone Harbor     Primary

Tuckerton Municipal         Secondary
Utilities Authority

Indianola Sewage Company    Tertiary

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                                - 3 -
      Municipality

City of Ventnor


Wall Township

City of Wildwood

Borough of Wildwood Crest
          Owner
Present Method
 of Treatment
Ventnor-Margate Joint Sewer Primary
Commission

New Jersey Highway Authority Secondary

City of Wildwood            Primary

Borough of Wildwood Crest   Primary

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                         STATE OF NEW JERSEY

                         DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

           JOHN FITCH PLAZA, P.O. BOX 1540, TRENTON, 08625


                                ORDER
WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey did
         promulgate "Regulations Establishing Certain Classifications
         to be Assigned to the Waters of this State and Standards of
         Quality to be Maintained in Waters so Classified," effective
         September 1, 1964 and amended the said regulations on January
         5, 1966 and March 6, 1967, and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey did
         after public hearings conducted by the Department on March 15,
         22 and 29, 1967 promulgate regulations entitled "Regulations
         Concerning Classification of the Surface Waters of the Atlantic
         Coastal Plain," effective May 24, 1967, and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey did
         promulgate regulations entitled "Regulations Concerning
         Treatment of Wastewaters, Domestic and Industrial Separately
         or in Combination, Discharged into the Waters of the Atlantic
         Coastal Plain, including the Atlantic Ocean," effective June
         1, 1967, and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey has
         found through investigations made by its representatives that
         the sewage treatment plant owned and operated by the City of
         Pleasantville, in the County of Atlantic and the State of New
         Jersey, does not conform to the aforesaid regulations of the
         State Department of Health, and is inadequate in capacity or
         unit design to properly care for, treat and dispose of the
         sewage received therein before an effluent from the said
         sewage treatment plant is discharged into the waters of the
         Lakes Bay, being waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, being
         waters of this State, thereby causing or threatening injury to
         the inhabitants of this State either in their health, comfort
         or property, and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey, in
         consideration of the aforesaid, is of the opinion that in order
         for the sewage to be properly, adequately and sufficiently
         treated at the said sewage treatment plant before an effluent
         is discharged into the said waters of this State, the said
         sewage treatment plant must be altered, added to or improved
         in a manner approved by the State Department of Health, and

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                                - 2 -
WHEREAS, it is incumbent upon the State Department of Health of the
         State of New Jersey to be specific as to the minimum-degree
         of sewage treatment meeting the approval of the said State
         Department of Health, and a timetable of significant events
         including the contemplated dates for the completion of
         construction of sewage treatment projects,

THEREFORE, NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN by the State Department of Health of
         the State of New Jersey pursuant to R.S. 58:12-2 to the City
         of Pleasantville, in the County of Atlantic and the State of
         New Jersey, requiring that the said City of Pleasantville
         must and shall, prior to November 30, 1970, cease the discharge
         of improperly, inadequately and insufficiently treated sewage
         into the waters of the Lakes Bay being waters of the Atlantic
         Coastal Plain, being waters of this State, and must alter add
         to or improve the sewage treatment plant operated by the City
         of Pleasantville including sewage treatment units designed to
         provide at all times a minimum of ninety-five percent (95%)
         reduction in biochemical oxygen demand of the sewage received
         at the said sewage treatment plant, the biochemical oxygen
         demand of the effluent of said plant not to exceed fifteen
         (15) parts per million, or, if in lieu of the discharge of
         the effluent to the Lakes Bay an effluent is to be discharged
         into the Atlantic Ocean, then the treatment units shall be
         designed to provide at all times a minimum of eighty-five
         percent (85%) reduction in biochemical oxygen demand of the
         sewage received at the said sewage treatment plant, the
         biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent of said plant not
         to exceed forty (40) parts per million,  and including units
         for effective year around effluent disinfection, in order that
         the sewage received therein shall be cared for, treated and
         disposed of and the effluent discharged in a manner approved
         by the State Department of Health of the State of New Jersey,
         and in order that the treatment and disposal of said effluent
         shall meet the applicable standards of water quality described
         by regulations of the State Department of Health entitled
         "Regulations Concerning Classification of the Surface Waters
         of the Atlantic Coastal Plain," effective May 24, 1967, and,
         the regulations of the State Department  of Health entitled
         "Regulations Concerning Treatment of Wastewaters, Domestic
         and Industrial Separately or in Combination, Discharged into
         the waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, Including the
         Atlantic Ocean," effective June 1, 1967, and in effecting
         abatement of pollution of the waters of  this State within the
         time hereinabove provided shall execute  the following work
         performance schedule:

         (1)  Complete an engineering report upon the proposed basis
              of design of additions and alterations with review and
              approval of same by the State Department of Health on
              or before April 30, 1968;

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                                - 3 -
         (2)  Complete preparation of and secure review and approval
              of preliminary engineering plans on or before October
              30, 1968;

         (3)  Complete preparation of and secure review and approval
              of detailed contract plans and specifications on or
              before June 1, 1969;

         (4)  Award construction contracts on or before October 1,
              1969;

         (5)  Complete construction on or before November 30, 1970;

         (6)  The work performance scheduled herein shall be in
              conformity with the master engineering plan for sewerage
              services in the County of Atlantic as approved by the
              New Jersey State Department of Health and the design of
              any ocean outfall sewer shall be in conformity with a
              feasibility study and report upon the design of such
              ocean outfalls along the coast of Atlantic County as
              approved by the New Jersey State Department of Health.

                            STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OF THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY
                                        Richard J.  Sullivan, Director
                                        Division of Clean Air and Water
Dated:  June 16, 1967

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         REGULATIONS CONCERNING TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS, DOMESTIC AND
         INDUSTRIAL SEPARATELY OR IN COMBINATION, DISCHARGED INTO THE
         WATERS OF THE ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN, INCLUDING THE ATLANTIC
         OCEAN
WHEREAS, the State Department of Health is charged with the responsibility
         for the Water Pollution Control Program, including the approval
         of the designs of wastewater treatment facilities, in the State
         of New Jersey, and

WHEREAS, the citizens of this State, particularly the citizens in the
         Atlantic Coastal Plain, have been obliged in recent years to
         suffer repeatedly the consequences of serious oxygen depletion
         and other exemplifications of pollution in waters of the
         Atlantic Coastal Plain, said exemplifications of water pollution
         constituting threats to the public health, comfort or property
         of citizens of this State, and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health did promulgate rules and
         regulations entitled "Regulations Establishing Certain
         Classifications to be Assigned to the Waters of this State
         and Standards of Quality to be Maintained in Waters so
         Classified," effective September 1, 1964, and amended said
         rules and regulations on January 5, 1966 and March 6, 1967,
         and

WHEREAS, the State Department of Health has concluded after extensive
         investigations and analyses of factual data that more intensive
         treatment of wastewaters must be provided throughout the
         Atlantic Coastal Plain in order to attain water quality specified
         by the aforesaid regulations of the Department, and

WHEREAS, the State Department is of the opinion that the attainment and
         maintenance of water quality in the Atlantic Coastal Plain as
         specified by the aforesaid regulations of the Department is
         necessary in order to abate a present threat to the public
         health, comfort or property of citizens of this State,

NOW, THEREFORE, the State Department of Health promulgates the following
         regulations entitled "Regulations Concerning Treatment of
         Wastewaters, Domestic And Industrial, Separately or in
         Combination, Discharged into the Waters of the Atlantic Coastal
         Plain, including the Atlantic Ocean."

                                  NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Filed with Secretary of State:  May 1, 1967

Effective Date:  June 1, 1967

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REGULATIONS CONCERNING TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS, DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL
SEPARATELY OR IN COMBINATION, DISCHARGED INTO THE WATERS OF THE ATLANTIC
COASTAL PLAIN, INCLUDING THE ATLANTIC OCEAN
     Pursuant to the authority vested in it under the provisions of
Chapter 12, Title 58 of the Revised Statutes, the State Department of
Health hereby promulgates the following regulations concerning treat-
ment of wastewaters, domestic and industrial, separately or in combi-
nation, discharged into the waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain.

     I.  Henceforth, domestic wastes, separately or in combination with
industrial wastes, prior to discharge into waters of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain classified as FW-2 or FW-3 or TW-1, shall be treated to
a degree providing, as a minimum, ninety-five percent (95%) of reduction
of biochemical oxygen demand at all times including any four-hour period
of a day when the strength of the wastes to be treated might be expected
to exceed average conditions; it is an objective of this regulation
that the biochemical oxygen demand of effluents discharged shall not
exceed 15 parts per million.

     II.  Henceforth, industrial wastes, prior to discharge into waters
of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, classified as FW-2, FW-3 or TW-1, shall
be treated to a degree providing, as a minimum, ninety-five percent
(95%) of reduction of biochemical oxygen demand at all times and such
further reduction in biochemical oxygen demand as may be necessary to
maintain receiving waters, after reasonable effluent dispersion, as
specified in the rules and regulations entitled "Regulations Concerning
Classification of the Surface Waters of the Atlantic Coastal Plain,"
effective May 24, 1967; it is an objective of this regulation that the
biochemical oxygen demand of effluents discharged shall not exceed 15
parts per million.

     III.  Henceforth, domestic wastes, separately or in combination
with industrial wastes, prior to discharge into waters of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain classified as CW-1 or CW-2, shall be treated to a degree
providing, as a minimum., eighty-five percent (85%) of reduction of
biochemical oxygen demand at all times, including any four-hour period
of a day when the average of the wastes to be treated might be expected
to exceed average conditions; it is an objective of this regulation
that the biochemical oxygen demand of effluents discharged shall not
exceed 40 parts per million.

     IV.  Henceforth, industrial wastes prior to discharge into waters
of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, classified as CW-1 or CW-2, shall be
treated to a degree providing, as a minimum, eighty-five percent (85%)
of reduction of biochemical oxygen demand at all times and such further
reduction of biochemical oxygen demand as may be necessary in order to
maintain the receiving waters in a quality as specified by the rules
and regulations entitled "Classification of the Surface Waters of the
Atlantic Coastal Plain," effective May 24, 1967.

     V.  It is recognized, especially in connection with some industrial
wastes, that the pollution load imposed upon the waters of the Plain

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cannot be evaluated fully exclusively by the biochemical oxygen
demand test; therefore, each industrial waste problem shall be con-
sidered individually and treatment shall be required as needed to
effect compliance with the Water Quality Criteria established for
the various classifications of waters in the Plain.

     VI.  Treatment standards set by these regulations are the minimum
acceptable for the Atlantic Coastal Plain.  Treatment more intensive
than that specified hereinabove shall be provided whenever it is
determined by the State Department of Health that such treatment is
necessary.
Filed with Secretary of State:  May 1, 1967

Effective Date:  June 1, 1967

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       APPENDIX B
SLUDGE POLICY STATEMENT
       NEW JERSEY

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   STATEMENT BY GOVERNOR WILLIAM T. CAHILL ON  SLUDGE BARGING TO SEA
     Earlier this week, it became necessary for me to proclaim a state
of emergency in New Jersey in order  to prevent horrendous pollution of
our northeast rivers and bays.  Under my statutory powers to protect
the public in an emergency it was further necessary for this State to
commandeer three ocean-going barges  and their crews to effect the dis-
posal of sludge—the material removed from sewage by treatment—from
six of the State's largest sewage treatment plants.  Still further, it
was necessary for me to seek, and obtain, through the offices of the
President of the United States the use of U.S. Coast Guard tugs to
propel these barges to sea for dumping.  Our inability or failure to
take any one of these steps would have resulted in the release into
our rivers and bays of 500 million gallons per day of untreated sewage
and industrial wastes.  This amounts to about one-half of the wastes
treated in all of New Jersey's sewage plants and its raw release is
clearly intolerable.

     The immediate cause of this emergency was the labor strike of tug-
boat operators.  It seems to me, however, that much larger issues are
involved than that of the strike.

     In the last fifty years, the citizens of New Jersey have invested
almost $1 billion in sewage collection and disposal systems for the
convenience and water quality protection they would provide.  With the
aid of our 1969 clean water bond issue we are now launched on another
$1 billion construction program for water pollution control.  For the
operation of a substantial part of these facilities precariously to
depend on whether or not there is a  tugboat strike, or a strike of
barge operators, or upon the vagaries of weather affecting ocean-going
travel, or upon other such uncertainties is wrong and unacceptable.
Such brinkmanship is incompatible with our ambitious efforts to eliminate
the pollution of our waterways.

     In addition there is the question of the impact upon our marine
environment of the continued practice of dumping millions of tons of
sewage sludge, harbor dredgings and  certain chemicals in disposal areas
less than twelve miles off the Sandy Hook Beach.  A study of this
impact has been underway for more than a year by the Sandy Hook Marine
Laboratory on behalf of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.  An interim
report of the findings of this study was made available to us late
yesterday.  I have discussed this issue and the significance of the
report with officials of the State Health Department.

     The report offers evidence that harbor dredgings dumped at the sea
disposal site are finding their way  to the New Jersey Coastline.  Evi-
dence has not yet been adduced that  sludge dumpings reach our surf
waters.  It is clear that the disposal sites and their environs are

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                                - 2 -
devoid of marine life.  I am also informed that the invasion of the
red tide—a proliferation of toxic microorganisms—which afflicted our
beaches two summers ago may have its genesis in the nutrient materials
at the dump site.

     While the report deals exclusively with dumping off Sandy Hook,
similar questions can be raised about dump sites ten miles from the
entrance to Delaware Bay used by the Cities of Camden, Philadelphia,
Baltimore and others.

     All things considered, it is my -judgment that the ocean dumping
of harbor dredgings and sewage sludge a scant twelve miles from our
coast is a primitive, insensitive, and unacceptable method of disposal.
I realize that as is usually the case in environment protection there
is not a clear choice batween the right way and the wrong way.  There
is a need to make a choice among several somewhat unsatisfactory alter-
natives.  In my opinion we should do the following:

     1.  Begin phasing out ocean dumping as a regular, accepted, method
of disposal of sewage sludge off our coast, and of toxic industrial
materials off the continental shelf one hundred miles to sea.

     2.  For the next few years that it will inevitably take to pro-
vide on-land sludge disposal facilities require that all dumping of
sewage sludge and harbor dredgings be one hundred miles at sea off the
continental shelf.  This can be accomplished by agreement or by
Congressional enactment requiring that such deep sea dumping be a con-
dition of all permits issued by the Army Corps of Engineers.

     3.  Incorporate in the design of all new sewage treatment plants
facilities for sludge disposal other than by dumping at sea.

     4.  Seek through agreement or by Congressional enactment the
requirement by the Army Corps of Engineers that a condition of ocean
dumping permits will be a showing by the applicant that some steps
are being taken to provide for on-shore treatment and disposal in the
future.

     5.  Seek the agreement of New York State in this changed approach
to sludge disposal in recognition of the fact that New York City and
other communities now dump more than twice as much sludge as does the
State of New Jersey; and, as well, to seek the concurrence of the
States of Pennsylvania and Maryland.

     I am informed that sludge disposal by landfill or by incineration
are not without their own problems—problems of potential land and air
pollution, as well as the high cost of facilities.  I am also informed
that many of the toxic industrial chemicals now disposed of by deep-sea
dumping are difficult and expensive to treat otherwise.  We hope that
in all of these areas technology, upon demand, will give us innovative
improvements.  In any case, however, hard choices must be made now if
we are to restore and protect the quality of our physical environment.

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                APPENDIX C
      HEAVY METALS SAMPLING RESULTS
NEW JERSEY COASTAL SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS

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                 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
March 1, 1972

Chief, Technical  Support  Branch
S&A, Edison, N.J.

Laboratory Results - New  Jersey Coastal Sewage Treatment Plants
(2/17/72)

Chief, Surveillance & Analysis Branch
                           Settleable      Total
                     Lab     Solids    Susp. Solids   B0r>5  TKN
                     No.      ml/1         mg/1	   mg/1  mg/1
Atlantic City
Atlantic City
Pleasantville
Pleasantville
Lakewood Infl
Lakewood Effl
Belmar Infl .
Belmar Effl .
Infl.
Effl.
Infl.
Effl.
•

21055
21056
21057
21058
21960
21059
21061
21062
2
0
12
0
0
2
.0
.5
.0
.1
.1
.0
.05
83
61
215
68
241
44
64
36
77
94
225
39
348
64
104
76
20
18
35
28
30
20
16
16
.0
.2
.2
.0
.0
.0
.4
.0

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          Total
Lab N03-N
No. mg/1
Atlantic City Infl .
Atlantic City Effl.
Pleasantville Infl.
Pleasantville Effl .
Lakewood Infl .
Lakewood Effl.
Belmar Infl .
Belmar Effl.
21055
21056
21057
21058
21060
21059
21061
21062
.18
.21
.31
.54
.36
.22
.69
.67
T-P
mg/1
6.0
6.0
9.0
9.0
13.6
8.4
7.4
5 .2
Hg
mg/1
0.001
0.002
0.009
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
Cd
mg/1
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.04
<0.03
<0. 03
<:0.03
Cu
mg/1 m
0.08 0
0.08 0
0.24 3
0.12 0
0.20 0
0.07 0
0.06 0
0.06 0
Zn Cr
g/1 mg/1 m
.15 0.03-5.0
.14 0.03<:0
.6 0
.4 0
.30 0
.07 0
.14 <0
.11 <0
.02 "CO
.01 -CO
.02 <0
.02 <:0
.01 <0
.01 -CO
Ni CIST
g/1 mg/1
.05 <0.02
.05 <0.02
.05 <0
.05 <0
.05«:0
.05 <0
.05 <0
.05 <:0
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
Phen
mg/
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
Francis T.  Brezenski

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APPENDIX D

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                         Appendix D
   The Jersey Atlantic Coastal and Estuarine Environment
    The Jersey Coastal Area is essentially estuarine in
character and comprises a highly delicate and a highly pro-
ductive marine environment.
    The estuarine zone has often been described as a "buffer
zone" between the freshwater runoff from the land and the salt
water of the sea - a body of water wherein the salinity of the
open ocean has been measurably diluted by the influent from
tributary stream (7).  It constitutes an environment of land,
water and air inhabited by specific plants and animals which
are highly interdependent and which are unique in themselves in
that their characteristics are the direct result of the inter-
action of the land and sea upon one another.
    The estuarine zone is recognized as the most productive
part of the natural environment.  The many forms of life include
animals and plants which live in the bottom, on the bottom, in
the water, on the water, and in the marshes which border much
of the coast.
    The New Jersey coastal estuaries are characterized by
restricted embayments which have been formed over recent
geological time by the gradual buildup and connection of off-
shore barrier beaches and sand spits.  These bays are generally
elongated and stretch parallel to the mainland.  Of the total
bay shore length of 240 miles, about 35 miles of the inland
bays have sandy beaches.  Most of the coastal sounds are

                             D-l

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connected to the ocean by rather narrow inlets which range in



depth from three to five feet (except for Cape May and Little



Egg Inlets).  Due to the restrictive nature of these inlets,



the embayments normally experience only limited tidal  action



and as a result are generally quiescent.   Since tidal  action



is dampened, the principle mixing mechanisms are often provided



by the prevailing wind and meteorologic conditions.   "Except



in the immediate vicinity of the coastal  inlets, the quantity



of littoral drift along the shores of the bay areas  is very low.



Mhere shoreline erosion has occurred, it has usually been due



principally to the action of storm or wind generated waves and



currents, rather than to a continual process of erosion by



littoral forces" (8).  Thus, the bays themselves tend to be



quite shallow and are subject to the continual sedimentation of



organic matter from both upland sources and from local biotic



growths.  Most inland areas along the Jersey coastal region exhibit



high animal and plant productivity due largely to their shallow



and quiescent nature, as well as to the availability of



nutrient sources provided by natural and man-made sources.



    The northern shore estuaries, inside the barrier beaches,



are relatively broad and shallow and, as such, are generally



characteristic of bar-built embayments.  Barnegat Bay, for



instance, experiences only minor tidal action (ranging



approximately one half a foot) except during strong wind



periods when this range may vary up to three  (3) feet beyond



the normal  tidal limits.



                             D-2

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    Conversely, the southern shore estuaries are characterized
by relatively narrow, twisting channels connecting shallow
sounds and interspersed marshlands.  The circulation and
mixing phenomena prevalent to some extent in the larger
embayments of the north are almost non-existent in this region
due to the geophysical restrictions, the smaller surface areas
and the general lack of any significant feeder streams.  As a
consequence, these water systems are highly susceptible to
degradation from even the most minute discharges from man-
oriented sources.
    The bays areas are separated from the coastal  waters proper
by long, sandy barrier islands "the northern edges of which
tend to be eroded and will shrink unless replenished with sand,
while the southernmost tips of the islands are elongated" (9).
    The coastal shoreline region itself may be separated  into
two (2) distinct sectors due to the similarities of
geomorphologic and hydro!ogic characteristics within each.  The
northern sector extends from the northernmost extremity of
Sandy Hook southward to Manasquan Inlet.  The shoreline of this
reach is about 27 miles in length and comprises about 22 percent
of the total ocean frontage along the Atlantic Coast of New
Jersey.  The northern portion of this reach along the Sandy Hook
peninsula is covered with low sand dunes interspersed with low
sandy beach ridges.  The southerly portion of this includes bluff
                             D-3

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areas immediately adjoining the ocean and rising up to 25 feet
above mean sea level.   The accretion of sand along the south
side of groins and jetties within this sector and the elongation
of Sandy Hook indicate a general  predominance of northward
littoral drift (8 ).
    The southern sector extends from Manasquan Inlet to
Cape May Point and consists mostly of long,  sandy barrier
islands separated from the mainland by the previously discussed
tidal marshes, bays, creeks and lagoons.   The entire shore
length in this sector stretches 97 miles  and all areas have a
beach zone.  The net direction of littoral drift in the reach
is to the southwest (downcoast),  due    primarily to the
predominance of wave activity from the northeast quadrant.
Due to the general shielding effect of Long  Island, New York,
wave activity from the northeast quadrant is significantly
reduced in the reach to the northeast of  Barnegat Inlet.  The
result is the creation of a nodal zone generally in the vicinity
of this Inlet.  Thus, the net direction in the reaches above
Barnegat Inlet is to the northeast.  In the  vicinity of many of
the coastal inlets within this sector, local reverses in the
direction of the littoral drift have been observed (8).  This
phenomena, however, is apparently due to  the interaction of the
immediate tidal currents and the prevailing southwest littoral
drift.
                            D-4

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    Apart from the alongshore currents prevalent in the Jersey
coastal region, past drift bottle studies show that a combination
of eddies, tidal current and drifts exert a shore-ward component
of current during the summer bathing season (  10). Similar bed
drifter returns suggest bottom  currents with  a shoreward component
of several tenths of a mile per day (11). More recent dye
tracer studies performed along the New Jersey  Coastal Region
were used to evaluate onshore and longshore currents in the
selection of desirable regional outfall sites  (5).
                            D-5

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