&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Region II
Radiation Branch
26 Federal Plaza
New York, N.Y. 10007
EPA 902 4-79-003
August 1979
Radiation
Region II
1977-78 ERAMS Summary
Data Report
-------
Region II
1977-78 ERAMS Summary
Data Report
Paul A. Giardina
Joyce Feldman
Ira Garelick
August 1979
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Regional Office of Radiation Programs
26 Federal Plaza
New York, N.Y. 10007
-------
Foreword
Since their discovery, radioactive materials have played an
increasing role in the lives of the world's population. Because
of this, environmental radiation monitoring is necessary to guide
the development and enforcement of EPA environmental radiation
protection standards.
In 1973 the EPA established a network of selected locations
to assist in monitoring ambient radioactivity. The Environmental
Radiation Ambient Monitoring system - ERAMS - was designed to
provide information on the environmental effects of components
of the nuclear fuel cycle, such as nuclear power plants and
nuclear fuel fabrication and reprocessing plants. In addition,
ERAMS helps to provide information on other sources of radioactivity
such as isotopes used in medicine and industrial applications.
The system is also designed to provide data on levels of pollutants
for standards-setting, verification that standards are being met,
evaluation of the effectiveness of controls, and determination
of environmental trends. This information helps to provide
direct assessment of the population intake of radioactive pollutants
A set of computational dose calculation models are then used to
determine total population dose.
Pathways are monitored for significant population exposure from
routine and accidental releases of radioactivity from major
sources. ERAMS can then provide data which may be used in the
event of an accidental release of radioactivity to the environment,
as an indicator of the need for additional sampling and other
actions required to insure public safety. This was again proven
by use following the Chinese atmospheric nuclear tests when fre-
quent monitoring was required for constant evaluation of air, milk,
and water samples to determine the effect of radiation resulting
from fallout.
The data presented here on Region II sites are extracted from
ERAMS quarterly reports covering the period from January 1977 to
December 1978. Drinking water and surface water samples are com-
pared to a new EPA drinking water standards, which went into
effect June 24, 1977. Trends, when they occur, are noted.
-------
I believe this report will be valuable to readers concerned
with environmental radiation levels in Region II. I encourage
users of this report to inform the Regional Office of Radiation
Programs of omissions or errors. Your additional comments or
request for^ further information are also solicited.
Richard
Acting Regional
Admrnistrator
-------
Table of Contents
Forward ............................................... i
ERAMS Summary ......................................... 1
Analysis of Data ...................................... 3
Analysis of Water Samples Under
Dri nki ng Water Standards .............................. 4
Maximum Levels of Radioactivity
in Surface Water and Drinking Water ................... *5
Bent/Dent Programs .................................... 7
Appendix I - Summary of Data by Location
Al bany , New York ...................................... 1
Bayside, New Jersey ................................... 10
New York City ......................................... 11
Ni agara Fal 1 s , ,rlew York ............................... 14
Ossining, New York .................................... 17
Oswego , New York ...................................... 18
Oyster Creek, IJew Jersey .............................. 19
Poughkeepsie, New York ................................ 20
San Juan, Puerto Rico ................................. 21
Syracuse, New York .................................... 23
Trenton, New Jersey ................................... 25
Waretown, New Jersey .................................. 28
Appendix II
Region II Quarterly Milk Composites ................... 30
-------
ERAMS Summary
Local Data
The ORP established1 the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring
System (ERAMS) in 1973 to keep a record of collected smples of air,
water and milk supplies around the country.
General trends of gross alpha and beta radiations and monitoring of
radionuclides from the uranium fuel cycle are examined.
This report will consider environmental radiation data collected*
and processed by the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF)
in Montgomery, Alabama, from various sites in Region II.
Each test performed will be discussed and minimum detectable levels
mentioned before data are presented for individual locations. These
data are shown for 1977 and 1978 for purposes of comparison and
identification of trend development.
1. .Airborne parti culates are continuously collected on filters
and are checked with a G-M survey meter at time sequences planned
to allow decay of radon and thoron daughters. Filters are then
sent to EERF for analysis in a low background beta counter, lamma
analysis is performed only on samples with gross beta count greater
than 1
2.
Krypton-35 measurements are taken to provide baseline data for
comparison of effects of nuclear reactor operations, fuel reprocessing,
and nuclear detonations. Dry compressed air samples are purchased
from which the Kr-85 may be cryogenically removed and tested on a
liquid scintillation system. Minimum detectable level is approximately
2 pCi/m .
3. Plutonium and Uranium in Air samples are collected on filters
which have been exposed to 25,000 to 40,000 m3 of air. After chemical
treatment, they are analyzed by alpha spectroscopy. Minimum detectable
level is 0.015 pCi/sample.
4. Surface water is monitored downstream from all nuclear facilities
in operation or planned through 1978, or at background sites. Tritium
is checked quarterly and gamma scans annually. Minimum level is 0.2 nCi/1
5. Drinking water is monitored for major population centers or near
nuclear facilities. Tritium is measured quarterly; gamma scan, gross
alpha and gross beta are performed annually. An annual test is also
run on selected samples for Pu-238, 239, U-234, 235, 238. Minimum level
is 0.015 pCi /sample.
*Actual data collection is effectuated by various state and local
government agencies such as those listed on the following page.
UPA is grateful to these Agencies for their assistance.
1
-------
6. Pasteurized Milk is analyzed monthly for content of the following
radioisotopes: 1-131, Ba-140 and Cs-137; and for potassium. In
addition there is an annual analysis for Sr-39, 90: A composite sample
of all states in each region is analyzed quarterly and each individual
sample is monitored in July only.
These data provide a basis for comparison of relatively stable natural
background radiation levels with the fluctuating levels caused by such
sources as nuclear power plants and nuclear tests. Until the Chinese
tests in 1976, reduced fallout had tended to allow a reduction in
background, while new nuclear power plants had been responsible for
most of the increases which appeared. It is these trends which are
of primary interest in the ERAMS study.
The following agencies are responsible for collection of samples:
Albany:
Niagara Falls:
New York City:
Ossining:
Oswego:
Poughkeepsie:
Syracuse:
New Jersey:
San Juan:
NYSDEC Division of Air Resources and
Radiological Sciences Laboratory, MYS
Dept. of Health
Niagara County Health Department
NYC Dept. of Air Resources and Dept. of
Health
Mestchester County Health Department
by municipal collection
County Board of Water Supply
Onondaga County Health Department,
Division of Environmental Sanitation
samples are collected through NJDEP
Bureau of Radiation Protection
Puerto Rico Nuclear Center, 'lealth
Physics Division
For Fiscal Year 1980 additional sampling stations will be located in
areas and administered by agencies listed below:
Yaphank, New York
St. Thomas, Virgin Islands:
Suffolk County Health nepartment
Office of Natural Resources Management,
Department of Conservation and Cultural
Affairs
-------
ANALYSIS OF DATA
Airborne particulates: Gross beta analyses were run on filters
both in the field and at the EERF laboratory. The tests at the
laboratory revealed significantly higher readings for samples
taken after the September and November, 1976, Chinese nuclear
tests. The readings dropped again in December to value^ approach-
ing the former levels, headings for 1977 and 1978 remained at these
levels.
:'.rypton-S5: "Jo trends were noted for samples taken in the Region II
area.
Plutonium and uranium in air: New York City was the only sampling
point in the region. Samples, taken only during 1975, showed no
trends.
Surface water: Tritium levels found in water around the region
showed consistently low levels, never exceeding 3.0% of those
allowed by the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
(20,000 pCi/1): and far below the 10 CFR 50 levels of 3,000,000 pCi/1 .
Prinking water: Samples were reasonably consistent in Region II,
remaining at less than or equal to 2. r>% of the National Primary Orinking
Water Standards for tritium levels, and at levels well below the
allowed values for plutonium and uranium isotopes. Levels for strontium
and radium isotopes were also well below levels allowed under the
Drinking Water Standards.
Pasteurized milk samples: Samples remained consistent through the
two-year period, within statistical error. However, with errors so
large (around +_ 100%), it was difficult to detect any trends, "y
disregarding the error limits, an increase can be noted following
the Chinese nuclear tests. Levels decreased during 1977 and 1978 to
the former values.
[It should be noted that data for Ba-140 and 1-131 in some cases are
recorded as negative values. This is a result of the analysis procedure,
which consists of deducting background averages from total counts recorded
The system is gradually being revised to correct such negative values in
the future.]
The composite sample data for strontium isotopes was reasonably
consistent throughout Region II over the two-year period. Levels
decreased from higher levels detected immediately following the Chinese
nuclear tests.
-------
Analysis of Water Samples Under Drinking Water Standards
ERAMS Data
o Newly established drinking water standards, effective June 24, 1977, set the
following maximum levels of radioactivity in drinking water:
Tritium 20,000 pCi/1
Sr-90 8 pCi/1
Sr-39 80 pCi/1
Cs-134 20,000 pCi/1
Cs-137 200 pCi/1
Ba-140 90 pCi/1
Ra-226 and 228 5 pCi/1
o After analysis of the data collected by the ERAMS network during 1977 and
1978 the following information was noted:
-- Albany drinking water levels were 2% or less of the tritium limit, and
10% of the SR-90 limit.
-- 3ayside (NJ) surface water tritium levels were less than 2% of the drinking
water limit.
-- ;iew York City drinking water levels were 2% or less of the tritium limit,
and 3% of the Sr-90 limit. Average values for the city were 1.5% of the
tritium limit, and less than 2% of the Sr-90 limit.
Niagara Falls drinking water levels were 2.5% or less of the tritium
limit, and 11% of the Sr-90 limit. Average values of the location never ex-
ceeded 2% of the tritium limit, or 9.5% of the Sr-90 limit.
-- Ossining surface water samples never exceeded 2% of the tritium
drinking water limit.
-- Oyster Creek surface water samples were never in excess 2% of the tritium
drinking water standard.
— San Juan drinking water never exceeded 1.5% of the tritium limit, or 4%
of the Sr-90 limit.
-- Syracuse drinking water never exceeded 2.5% of the tritium limit, or 12%
of the Sr-90 limit. Average values for the location were less than 2%
of the tritium limit, and 9% the Sr-90 limit.
-- Trenton drinking water levels were 1.5% of the tritium limit, and 7.5%
of the Sr-30 limit. Average values for the city never exceeded 1.5% of
the tritium limit, and 5% the Sr-90 limit.
-- '.,'aretown (NJ) drinking water levels were 1.5% of the tritium limit, 1%
of the Sr-90 limit, and 18% of the Ra-226 limit.
-------
o Average levels in New York State were less than 2% of the tritium limit, and
7% of the Sr-00 limit.
o Average levels in New Jersey were less than 1.5% of the tritium limit, and
3% of the Sr-90 limit.
-------
ERAMS Data
City
Albany (NY)
Bayside (NJ)
(Maximum values for each location-with selected two-year averages)
Surface Water % of 10 CFR 50 Drinking Water % of New DWS*
H-3 0.3 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.8 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
0.3 nCi/1
1.50
10.00
1 .50
iJew York City
Niagara Falls (NY)
Ossining (NY) 0.4 nCi/1 *1
Oswego (NY) 0.5 nCi/1 "1
Oyster Creek(NJ) 0.3 nCi/1 ^1
Poughkeepsie(NY) 0.4 nCi/1 -^1
San Juan (PR)
Syracuse (NY)
Trenton (NJ)
Waretown (NJ)
Average for New York State locations
Average for New Jersey locations
*Drinking Water Standards: H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
H-3
Sr-90
H-3
Sr-90
20,000
8
5
0.4 nCi/1
0.2 pCi/1
NA
0.5 nCi/1
0.9 pCi/1
NA
0.3 nCi/1
0.3 pCi/1
NA
0.5 nCi/1
0.9 pCi/1
NA
0.3 nCi/1
0.6 pCi/1
NA
0.3 nCi/1
0.1 pCi/1
O.n pCi/1
0.33nCi/l
0.55pCi/l
0.26nCi/l
0.25pCi/l
pCi /litre
pCi /litre
pCi /litre
2.00
2.50
2.50
11 .25
2. no
3. no
1 .50
2. no
1 .50
3.75
2.50
11 .25
1.50
7.50
1.50
11.25
18.00
1.55
6.88
1 .28
3.13
Note: 1 nanoCurie/litre = 1000 picoCuries/litre
6
-------
DENT/BENT PROGRAMS
The Food and Drug Administration, in cooperation with state and local
agencies, operates two exposure reduction and quality assurance programs
for medical x-ray equipment. The Dental Exposure Normalization
Technique (DENT) is utilized to develop effective dental x-ray techniques
to reduce exposures to patients as well as dental workers. The BENT
program, Breast Exposure: Nationwide Trends, performs a similar role
to reduce total dose to patients undergoing mammographic examinations.
3ENT is an exposure and image quality assessment program designed
to identify mammography facilities where the exposures appear unnecessarily
high or unusually low for the type of image receptor being used. As in
DENT, clinical personnel at the facilities are then advised or corrections
that can be made in procedures to reduce unproductive patient exposure
and to improve image quality.
In New Jersey, over 3000 dentists have participated in the program since
it was initiated in September, 1977. As part of the examination recommen-
dations are made to improve image quality to achieve dose reduction. As
a result of NJ BRP's actions* radiation exposure has been reduced by
an average of 300 milliroentgens per film.
The NJ BRP reported that "In many instances, these facilities are now per-
forming these exams with improved radiological image and reduced exposure
because of BENT.
In the one-year period following the New York State initiation of the
BENT program, 174 facilities with 182 x-ray units were tested with 97
facilities (56%) having one or more parameter which exceeded criteria
established by the program. Follow up surveys were conducted at 93 of
these facilities. The visits resulted in the finding that at 25 of the
facilities (27%) exposures and image quality were acceptable. Changes in
the technique reduced patient exposure at 27 facilities (29%). Also, 36
facilities have been recognized as requiring additional follow up.
-------
Appendix I
-------
ALBANY, riEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
InCi/l + 2
-------
BAYSIDE, NEW JERSEY (on the Delaware River)
Description of Analysis: Annual Gamma Analysis: drinking Hater
4 -20 -76
4-27-77
Description of Analysis:
K-40: 124 i 73 pCi/nr*
No gamma activity detectable
Surface Water Tritium Concentration
1976
1977
1978
(nCi/1) + 2 or
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.0+_0.2 0.4+_0.2 No sample
0.3+_0.2 0.2+_0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.^+_0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
10
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis: Gross geta Measurements - Air Particulates
of air at STP)
1977
1978
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
5-'.ir Test
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
NS
0.7
0.6
0.1
0.1
EER.F Lab
0.01
0.28
0.07
0.03
5-hr Test
NS
0.1
0.'
0.2
0.1
0.2
0
0
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
EERF Lab
NS
0.06
0.45
0.12
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
TI: Temporarily Inoperable
NS: ?lo Sample Taken
Description of Analysis: Plutonium and Uranium - Samples in Pasteurized Milk
Pu
Pu
II
238
239
?34
238
(pCi/1 + 2 (
1976
/_0.015
Z^O.015
0.033+0.009
0.024+0.008
r)
1977
0.028+0.012
0.049+0.018
0.047+0.014
0.022+0.009
1978
0.005+0.005
0.006+0.005
0.069+0.025
0.047+0.020
11
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis: drinking Hater Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + 2 or )
1977
1978
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
NS NS NS 0.4 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 NS 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis
Date Solids
6-8-77 52.0
mg/1
7-18-78
56.2
mg/1
Annual Drinking Water
Gross Beta Sr-90
/ 1.0+1.0 0.2+0.4
pCi/1 pCi/1
1.4+0.8
pCi/1
0.1+0.1
pCi/1
Ra-226 Alpha and Gamma
NA Alpha: / 2.0+2.0
pCi/1
Gamma: NA
NA Alpha: / 2.0+2.0
pCi/1
Gamma: ND
NA: No Analysis
ND: not Detectable
NS: No Sample Taken
12
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk Samples
Month
K-40 (g/1)
1976 1977
1978
Cs-137 (pCi/1)
1976 1977
1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.43+. 11
.47+. 12
.53+. 12
.52+. 12
.48+. 12
.54+. 12
.51+. 12
.40+. 11
.15+. 18
.43+. 11
.42+.11
.35+. 11
1 .56+0.13
1.59+0.13
1 .58+0.13
1 .49+0.12
1.49+0.12
1.49+0.12
1 .53+0.12
1 .42+0.12
1.54+0.12
1.5 +0.1
1 .6 +0.1
1 .53+0.12
1 .56+0
1.52+0
1.52+0
NA
1 .47+0
1.47+0
1 .52+0
1 .42+0
1 .44+0
1.37+0
1.61+0
1 . 56+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
8
12
8
25
8
4
13
6
-1
1
5"
-1
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 14
+ 7
+ 8
+ 8
7
8
2
6
1
6
6
6
6
10
7
11
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
14
14
5
MA
5
2
4
6
5
5
11
3
+ 7
+ 7
+_ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 15
+ 7
Ba-140 (pCi/1)
1976 1977
1978
1976
1977
1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
7 + 9
1 + 10
1 + 9
1 + 10
-3 + 9
-11 + 9
-1+9
3 + 9
-6 + 22
13 + 11
10 + 9
-1+9
4 + 9
4 + 9
5 + 9
0 + 9
4 + 9
6 + 9
-2 + 9
-3 + 9
-1+9
12 + 9
3 + 8
0 + 8
3 + 8
8 + 8
4 + 8
NA
-5 + 8
1 + 8
4 + 8
0 + 8
-5 + 8
1 + 8
-12 + 19
6 + 8
1 + 7
5 + 7
3 + 7
3 + 7
-4 + 7
3 + 7
-1+7
0 + 7
-11 + 16
50 + 12
9 + 7
3 + 7
4 + 7
4 + 7
1 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
1 + 7
-5 + 7
-4 + 7
1 + 7
20 + 9
8 + 7
-1+7
0 + 7
5 + 7
-3 + 7
NA
5 + 7
1 + 7
2 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
5 + 7
7 + 7
-2 + 7
NA: No Analysis
13
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Precipitation Tritium Concentration
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1976
1977
0.2 +
0.2 +
0.4 +
0.3 +
0.2 +
NS
0.3 +
0.4 +
NS
0.3 +
0.5 +
0.1 +
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.21
.2
.2
.2
0.5 + 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
NS
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.6 + 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
NS
1978
NS
0.5 H
0,
0.
0,
5 +
5 +
5 +
0.4 +
0.3 +
0.4 +
0
0
0.4 +_
0.3 +
0.2
2
2
2
2
4 +. 0.2
3 + 0.2
0.2
0.2
NS: t!o Sample Taken
Description of Analysis: Gross Beta Measurement: Air Particulates
of air at STP)
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1976
5-hour test
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.21
0.2
0.7
0.6
0.2
EERF Lab
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.24
0.21
0.06
1977
5-hour test
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.1
EERF Lab
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.10
0.22
0.21
0.15
0.13
0.01
0.25
0.07
0.05
1978
5-hour test
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
EERF Lab
0.07
0.07
0.21
0.05
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
14
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Hater Tritium Concentration
+ 2.,cr)
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.5 +_ 0.2
0.5 +_ 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.4 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.5+0.2 0.3+0.2
Description of Analysis
Annual Drinking Mater
Date
•1-05-76
6-08-77
7-18-78
Solids
352.0
mg/1
340.0
mg/1
186.1
Gross Beta
3.6 + 1.2
pCi/1
2.5 + 1.2
pCi/1
2.8 + 1.3
Sr-90
1.1 + 0.5
pCi/1
0.5 + 0.3
pCi/1
0.0 + 0.5
Ra-226
0.3 + 0.1
pCi/1
NS
NS
Alpha
NS
Alpha
Alpha
and Gamma
: 2 O-t-2.0
pCi/1
: / 2.0+2
mg/1
pCi/1 pCi/1
pCi/1
Gamma: ND
ND: Not Detectable
NS: !to Sample Taken
15
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis: Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk Samples
K-40 (g/1) Cs-137 (pCi/1)
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1976
1 . 48+ . 1 2
1 .49+. 12
1.41 + .11
1.53+.12
1 .48+. 12
1 .44+. 11
1 . 46+ . 11
1.58+.12
1.46 +.12
1.50+.12
1.50+.12
1.47+.12
1977
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ba-140 (pci
1976
-5 + 9
-2 + 9
1 + 9
1 + 9
-4 + 9
-6+9
-12 + 9
5+9
0 + 9
7 + 9
5 + 9
5 + 9
1
2
2
5
1
5
6
-6
8
6
12
5
7
.50+0
.59+0
.59+0
.50+0
.54+0
.50+0
.48+0
.50+0
.49+0
.5 +0
.5 +0
.49+0
/I)
977
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 10
+ 8
+ 8
.12
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.1
.1
.12
1978
1.
1.
1.
NA
1 .
1.
1 .
1 .
1.
1 .
1 .
1 .
66+0
57+0
61+0
53+0
48+0
40+0
42+0
53+0
43+0
52+0
37+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
1976
6
10
7
8
9
3
12
1
4
2
4
3
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 6
+ 6
+ 7
+ 8
+ 8
1-131
1978
1
6
_2
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
NA~
-5
-4
8
2
10
1
-2
0
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
1
0
5
-5
2
-3
-3
0
-1
1
5
5
5
976
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
1977
0 + 8
9 + 8
11+8
2 + 7
4 + 7
3 + 7
6 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
8 + 7
9 + 7
5 +_ 7
(pci/1)
1977
6 +
8 +
1 +
0 +
-1 +
-3 +
-1 +
-1 +
-3 +
25 +
7 +
-5 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
11
7
7
1978
16 + 7
11+7
12 + 7
NA
5 + 7
1 + 7
6 + 7
2 + 7
2 + 7
2 + 7
5 +
1 + 7
1978
9 + 7
2 + 7
5 + 7
NA
3 + 7
0 + 7
-1+7
-3 + 7
8 + 7
-3 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
NA: No Analysis
16
-------
OSSINING, NEW YORK (Hudson River)
Description of Analysis:
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.4 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
Surface Hater Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 +_ 2 tf)
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
17
-------
OSHEGO, NEW YORK (Lake Ontario)
Description of Analysis: Surface__Hater Tritium Concentration
(nCi/11 ± 2 or)
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1976 0.3+_0.2 0.4 ± 0.2 0.3+_0.2 0.3+_0.2
1977 NS 0.6+_0.2 0.5 + 0.2 0.4+_0.2
1978 0.4+_0.2 0.3+_0.2 0.5 +.0.2 0.5+_0.2
NS: No Sample taken
18
-------
OYSTER CREEK, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
4-08-76 K-40
4-28-77 K-40
Description of Analysis:
Annual Gamma Analysis: Drinking Water
192+77 pCi/m3
213+81 pCi/m3
Surface Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + 2 o-
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.1 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 +_0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.?
19
-------
POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK (Hudson River)
Description of Analysis:
First Quarter
1976 0.2 +_ 0.2
1977 0.3 +_ 0.2
1978 0.4 + 0.2
Surface Uater Tritium Concentration
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.4 + 0.2 0.2 jf 0.2 0.5 +_ 0.2
0.3 _+ 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
Units are in (nCi/1) +
20
-------
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
Description of Analysis: Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + 2 tf
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.0 +_ 0.2
0,2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2 No Sample 0.1 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +. 0.2
0.1 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2
Description of Analysis: Annual Drinking Water
Date
Solids
Gross Beta
Sr-90
Ra-226
•Alpha and Gamma
4-29-76
6-08-77
7-31-78
239.2 mg/1
344.0 mg/1
243.4 mg/1
1.4 + 0.9
pCi/1
1.9 + 1 .1
pCi/1
2.9 + 1 .2
pCi/1
0.5 + 0.4
pCI/1
0.3 + 0.5
pCi/1
0.1 + 0.2
pCi/1
0.4 + 0.1
pCi/1
NA
NA
ND
ND
Alpha:
/2.0+2
pti/1
.0
Gamma: ND
NA: No Analysis
ND: Not Detectable
21
-------
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
Description of Analysis: Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk Samples
K-40 (g/1) Cs-137 (pCi/1)
Month 1976 1977 1978 1976 1977 1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.45+.11
1 .52+. 12
1 .52+. 12
1.42+.11
1 .52+. 12
1 .48+. 12
1 .47+. 12
1 .36+. 11
1.35+.11
1 .46+. 12
1 .46+. 12
1 .45+. 12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.48+0
.78+0
.73+0
.61+0
.56+0
.55+0
.53+0
.47+0
.56+0
.5 +0
.6 +0
.54+0
.12
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.1
.1
.12
1.52+0
1 .49+0
1.55+0
NA
1 .53+0
1 .52+0
1 .39+0
1 .42+0
1.43+0
1 .40+0
1 . 50+0
1 .30+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
3
10
6
8
9
6
6
9
7
8
10
8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 8
4
3
0
8
7
4
5
5
7
8
5
10
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
13 + 7
10 + 7
9 + 7
NA
4 + 7
10 + 7
1 + 7
7 + 7
8 + 7
7 + 7
7 + 7
9 + 7
Ba-140 (PCi/1) 1-131 (pCi/1)
1976 1977 1978 1976 1977 1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
-7+9
-5 + 9
-10 + 9
7 + 10
-3 + 9
-5 + 9
-3 + 9
6 + 9
3 + 9
3+9
3 + 9
6+9
0 + 9
4 + 9
2 + 9
3 + 9
1 + 9
4 + 9
-1+9
3 + 9
0 + 9
6 + 8
6 + 8
9 + 8
8 + 8
4 + 8
6 + 8
NA
2 + 8
3 + 8
4 + 8
1 + 8
-3 + 8
2 + 8
-3 + 8
6 + 8
2 + 7
1 + 7
-5 + 7
-1+7
1 + 7
-4 + 7
1 + 7
2 + 7
-2 + 7
3 + 7
2 + 7
-2 + 7
4 + 7
1 + 7
1 + 7
-1+7
1 + 7
2 + 7
-1+7
2 + 7
1 + 7
8 + 6
0 + 0
0 + 7
-1+7
7 + 7
-2 + 7
NA
-2 + 7
-1+7
1 + 7
1 + 7
-3 + 7
-1+7
5 + 7
-1+7
NA: No Analysis
22
-------
SYRACUSE, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis: Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + 2 cr
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.5 +_ 0.2
NS
0.5 + 0.2
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.5 + 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2
NS 0.1 +_ 0.2 0.5 +_ 0.2
0.4 +i 0.2 NS 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Solids
Annual Drinking Mater
Gross Beta
SR-90
Ra-226 Alpha & Gamma
4-30-76
7-08-77
7-21-78
117.8 mg/1
192.0
mg/1
130.4
mg/1
2.1 + 1.1
pCi/1
5-26-76
2.4 + 1.1
pCi/1
3.1 + 1 .0
pCi/1
0.8 + 0.4
pCi/1
0.9 + 0.5
pCi/1
0.5 + 0.4
pCi/1
0.4 + 0.1
pC.1/1
NA
NA
ND
Alpha:
Gamma:
Alpha:
/2.3 + 2
pci/1
Gamma:
ND
NA
.0
ND
ND: Not Detectable
NA: No Analysis
NS: No Sample
23
-------
SYRACUSE, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis: Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk Samples
K-40 (g/1) Cs-137 (pCi/1)
Month 1976 1977 1978 1976 1977 1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.43+.11
1.55+.12
1 .48+, 12
1.49+.12
1 .37+. 11
1 .46+. 12
1 .50+. 12
1.38+.11
1.42+.11
1 .46+. 12
1.33+.11
1.41+.11
1 .61+0
1.55+0
1.55+0
1 .59+0
1 .56+0
1.48+0
1 . 54+0
1 . 44+0
1 .46+0
1.5 +0
NS
NS
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.10
1.
1.
1.
NA
1 .
1.
1 .
1.
1.
1.
1 .
1.
58+0
59+0
49+0
43+0
33+0
43+0
43+0
48+0
49+0
47+0
47+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
Ba-140 (pCi/1)
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1976
-5 + 9
-3 + 9
-9 + 9
1 + 9
-1+9
-3 + 9
-6 + 9
-1+9
5 + 9
2 + 9
7 + 9
-9 + 9
1977
4 + 9
6 + 9
-1+9
4 + 9
6 + 9
2 + 9
-1+9
3 + 9
1 + 9
10 + 9
NS
NS
1978
4
6
2
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
NA~
-5
3
0
0
5
-3
4
0
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
5 + 7
9 + 7
8 + 7
12 + 7
5 + 7
8 + 7
7 + 7
-4 + 6
8 + 7
6 + 7
5+8
3 + 8
1-131
1976
-2 +
3 +
-2 +
-3 +
-3 +
4 +
• 0 +
-4 +
9 +
3 +
5 +
5 +
8 +
0 +
3 +
5 +
-3 +
4 +
3 +
7 +
3 +
8 +
NS
NS
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
12 + 7
7 + 7
9 + 7
NA
5 + 7
4 + 7
5 + 7
7 + 7
6+7
4 + 7
4 + 7
2 + 7
(pCi/1)
1977
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7
6
1 +
5 +
6 +-
-2 +
1 +
0 +
1 +
-4 +
2 +
21 +
NS
NS
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
1978
-2 + 7
0 + 7
-1+7
NA
5 + 7
-3 + 7
3 + 7
4 + 7
5 + 7
2 + 7
10 + 7
4 + 7
NS: Ho Sample
NA: No Analysis
24
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis: Gross Beta Measurement
(pCi/m3 of air at STP)
1977 1978
Month 5-hour Test EERF Lab Test 5-hour Test EERF Lab Test
January NS NS 0.1 0.06
February NS NS 0.2 0.08
March NS NS 0.0 0.45
April 0.2 0.09 0.3 0.12
May 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.07
June 0.3 0.17 0.2 0.10
July 0.3 0.14 0.2 0.08
August 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.04
September 0.8 0.01 0.2 0.3
October 1.0 0.20 0.6 0.3
November 0.1 0.06 0.4 0.4
December 0.1 0.05 0.6 0.4
NS: No Sample Taken
25
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
prinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/O + 2 (f
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.3 + 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.4 +_ 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis
Annual Drinking Water
Date
Solids
4-08-76 172.0 mg/1
6-08-77 178.0 mg/1
7-18-78 135.4 mg/1
Gross Beta
1.4 +_ 0.9
pCi/1
1.5+1.0
pCi/1
1.9 +_ 1 .0
pCi/1
Sr-90
Ra-226
Alpha and Gamma
1.6 +_ 1.2 0.3 +_ 0.1
pCi/1 pCi/1
0.6 + 0.9
pCi/1
0.2 +_ 0.2
pCi/1
NA
NA
Alpha:
Gamma:
Alpha:
Gamma:
Alpha:
NO
"JA
MA
12.0+2.0
pCi/1
Gamma: "ID
NA: No Analysis
ND: Not Detectable
26
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis: RadionucTides in Pasteurized Milk Samples
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
K-
19
1 .
1.
1 .
1 .
1.
1 .
1.
1 .
NS
1 .
1 .
1 .
40 (g
76
54+. 1
53+. 1
49+. 1
46+. 1
49+. 1
38+. 1
47+. 1
4H.1
42+. 1
46+. 1
45+. 1
71 ) .
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
977
.50+0
.57+0
.49+0
.56+0
.49+0
.53+0
.45+0
.50+0
.55+0
.5 +0
.4 +0
.58+0
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.10
.10
.12
1978
1.55+0
1.54+0
1 .48+0
NS
1 . 48+0
1 .45+0
1 .44+0
1 .37+0
1 .48+0
1 .39+0
1.55+0
1 .43+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
Cs-137 (
1976
12 + 7
8 + 7
6 + 7
10 + 7
5 + 7
5 + 7
12 + 7
4 + 6
NS
8 + 7
10 + 7
8 + 7
pCiy
195
8
7
1
1
8
0
6
10
6
11
7
7
'!)
'7
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 7
+ 8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
1978
12 + 7
11+7
5 + 7
NS
6 + 7
11+7
7 + 7
9 + 7
7 + 7
9 + 7
7 + 7
4 + 7
Ba-140(pCi/l)
1976 1977
1978
1-131 (pCi/D
1976 1977
1978
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
-5 + 9
-5+9
-11 + 9
3 + 10
-7 + 9
-7 + 9
-4 + 9
7 + 9
NS
3 + 9
2 + 9
6 + 9
2 + 9
7 + 9
4 + 9
2 + 9
-1+9
5 + 9
-6 + 9
3 + 9
1 + 9
8 + 9
3 + 8
2 + 8
10 + 8
6 + 8
8 + 8
NS
-3 + 8
3 + 8
-3 + 8
9 + 8
9 + 8
7 + 8
-1+8
1 + 8
2 + 7
3 + 7
-3 + 7
3 + 7
-1+7
3 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
NS
3 + 7
2 + 7
-2 + 7
2 + 7
3 + 7
-3 + 7
3 + 7
-1+7
3 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
NS
3 + 7
2 + 7
-2 + 7
-3 + 7
7 + 7
2 + 7
NS
1 + 7
-7 + 7
0 + 7
6 + 7
-1+7
4 + 7
7 + 7
1 + 7
NS: No Sample Taken
27
-------
'JARETOWN, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + 2 or
1976
1977
1978
First Quarter
0.0 _+ 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.2 + 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.1 ± 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Annual Drinking Water
Date
4-08-76
6-08-77
Solids
Gross Beta
80.0 mg/1 5.0 +_ 1 .3 pCi/1
226.0
mg/1
4.6 + 1.2 pCi/1
7-10-78 95.8 mg/1 1.2 + 1 .0 pCi/1
ND: Not Detectable
NA: No Analysis
Sr-90
Ra-226 Alpha and Gamma
0.1 + 0.6 1.9 ± 0.2 Alpha:
pCi/1 pCi/1 2.0 +_ 0.7
pCi/1
Gamma: ND
-0.5 + 0.4 0.9 +_
pCi/1 0.04
pCi/1
0.1 +_ 0.3 NA
pCi/1
Alpha:
2.8 +_ 1.4
pCi/1
Gamma: 'ID
Alpha:
/2.0 +_ 2.0
pCi/1
Gamma: ND
28
-------
Appendix II
-------
PASTEURIZED MILK - REGION II
Sr-89 and Sr-90 in Pasteurized Milk
Annual Report
Sr-89 (pCi/1 + 2
1977 1978
Trenton
New York City
Niagara Falls
Syracuse
San Juan
Quarterly Composi
Date
January 1975
April 1976
July 1976
October 1976
January 1977
April 1977
July 1977
October 1977
January 1978
April 1978
July 1978
October 1978
1 + 5
0 + 5
2 + 5
3 + 5
2 + 5
tes
Sr-89
1 + 5
1 + 5
2 + 5
9 + 5
-1+5
0 + 5
NS
NS
2 + 5
0 + 5
NS
0 + 5
0 + 5
2 + 5
2 + 5
-1+5
-1+5
Sr-90 (pCi/1 + 2 cT)
1977 1978
5.1
6.2
1
.2
.2
3.4 +_ 1 .0
2.7 +_ 0.8
1.4 + 0.6
Sr-90
3.6 +_ 0.
2.7 + 1 .
2.3 +_
2.8 +
3.7 +
4.0 +_
NS
NS
0.8
0.7
1.2
1.3
0.8
3.0 +_
3.7 +_ 1 .1
NS
3.4 + 1.1
4.8 + 1,
4.2 +_ 1 ,
2.1 +_ 0,
4.4+1,
2.2 + 1.2
Note: Measurements in pCi/1 +_ 2 sigma counting error
NS: Mo Sample Taken
30
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. o
EPA 902/4-79-003 '
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
* Region II 1977-78 ERAMS Summary
Data Report
7. AUTHOR(S)
P. ^iardina, J.Feldman, I. Garelick
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
IJ.3. Environmental Protection Agency
Region II Radiation Branch
26 Federal Plaza
New York, :;.Y. 10007
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Sane as #9
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
5. REPORT DATE
August 1979
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
This report contains data obtained from the Region II ERAMS stations
during 1977 and 1978. Methods and procedures of collection and
analysis are described. Data are summarized in table form and analyzed
to determine any changes in the radiological quality of the environment.
Analysis of the data shows that levels of radionucl i des were well within
Federal limits for air, ,;ater, and milk. Levels were relatively consistent
during the two-year period.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS b.lDENTIFI
13. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT 19. SEC^L
"i^Trt^c-Q -hn Public
..el ease T.U ruuii<~ 20. SEC.URI
Unc
ERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/Group
Vas^Wirf Report> 21 • N0- ^(f AGES
.'VCCLASS (This page) 22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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