Evaluation of the Control
Strategy for Attainment
of National Ambient Air
Quality Standards for
Total Suspended Particulates
Hudson Valley
AQCR 1161 '
Prepared by
Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Air Branch
Revised January 1976
-------
Table of Contents
Page
I. AQCR Characteristics 2
II. Problem Definition 5
III. Network Adequacy 6
IV. Impacting Sources and Controls 7
A. Federal Building Monitoring Site 7
B. Goodyear Warehouse Monitoring Site . 24
C. Cementon Monitoring Site 24
V. Evaluation of Control Strategy 32
VI. Conclusions 34
VIII. Recommendations 35
-------
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
Table 1 Problem Sites in Hudson Valley AQCR - Annual Geometric
Mean (AGM) & 2nd Highest 24-hr Concentration
Table 2 Environmental Quality Report - Hudson Valley
Table 3 Air Quality Status Report
Table 4 Sources Impacting on Federal Building Site
Table 5 Sources Impacting on Goodyear Warehouse Site
Table 6 Sources Impacting on Cementon Site
10
19
20
25
28
Figures
Figure 1 Map of AQCR's in New York State 3
Figure 2 Wind Rose - Albany, New York - 1972 4
Figure 3 Map of Impacting Sources at Federal Building Site 21
Figure 4 Running Annual Geometric Mean for Federal Building 22
Site
Figure 5 Map of Impacting Sources at Goodyear Warehouse Site 26
Figure 6 Running Annual Geometric Mean for Goodyear Warehouse 27
Site
Figure 7 Map of Impacting Sources at Cementon Site 29
Figure 8 Running Annual Geometric Mean for Cementon Site 31
-------
I. AQCR Characteristics
The Hudson Valley AQCR is comprised of thirteen counties in the
mid-eastern portion of New York State. The counties are: Albany,
Columbia, Dutchess, Fulton, Greene, Montgomery, Orange, Putnam,
Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie and Ulster (see Figure
1).
Topographically, the region is bounded to the north by the
Adirondack mountains, to the east by the Taconic mountains, to the
west by the Appalachian plateau (Catskills mountains) and to the
south by the wide river channel of the Hudson River.
The Hudson Valley area is subject to relatively frequent storm
passages during most of the year. Periods of general atmospheric
stagnation occasionally occur, and their effect is compounded by
terrain induced stagnation. Much of the region's climate is
dominated by its river valley topography which exerts a strong channeling
effect on wind direction (see Figure 2) and may at times severely
inhibit pollutant dispersion. Consequently, in those valley areas
where sources are located pollutants accumulate more frequently and
disperse more slowly than otherwise could be expected.
The area is mainly residential with only 1,402,356 acres (14%
of the total land area) agriculturally developed. The Bureau of Census
estimated the 1973 population to be 1,661,518 persons, which is about
10% of the total state population.
-2-
-------
FIGURE 1
Division o{ Air Resour
^ -,,
\CAI-JC.A ; I
I 1 CCi,LANt, j CH1IA-.-0 j
NEW YORK STATE
MR QUALITY CONTROL REGIONS
V
DEPARTMEUT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
-------
WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
3 HOUR INTERVALS
BASED ON WEATHER BUREAU DATA
ALBANY
JANUARY-DECEMBER 1972
FIGURE 2
300
270
210
+ CALM 9.12%
I -7 MPH
3-24 MPH
25-46 MPH
180
-4-
30
60
150
-------
II Problem Definition
The areas within the AQCR which exhibit high concentrations of
total suspended particulate matter (TSP) are located along the Hudson
River in downtown Albany, the Port of Albany and the City of Rensselaer.
The monitoring sites at the Federal Building on Broadway in Albany
and the Goodyear Tire Company warehouse in the Port of Albany reported
annual geometric mean TSP concentrations in 1974 of 100 ug/m3 and 76 ug/m3,
respectively. These values are above the primary National Ambient Air
Quality Standard for particulates of 75 ug/m3. The second highest
24-hour concentrations recorded in 1974 were 184 ug/m3 and 253 ug/m3
at the Federal Building and Goodyear Tire Company monitoring sites,
respectively. These values are below the primary standard of 260 ug/m3
but above the secondary standard of 150 ug/m3. From 1970 through 1974
the State operated a monitoring site on the Grant Building in downtown
Albany. This site was discontinued in 1975 since the building was closed
and the Federal Building monitoring site replaced the discontinued site.
The new site began operation in 1974 and is located within one block of
the old site. Its 1974 annual geometric mean was higher than the old
site. Thus, the Federal Building site is used for evaluation purposes.
At the Cementon monitoring site in Greene County, an annual
geometric mean concentration of 103 ug/m3 and a second highest 24-
hour concentration of 248 ug/m3 was recorded in 1974. These values
contravened the primary annual standard and the secondary 24-hour
standard.
-5-
-------
All other sites in the AQCR are currently recording concentra-
tions below both the annual primary standard and the primary 24-hour
standard.
There are six sites in the AQCR where primary standards were
attained in 1974 but which remained in violation of the secondary
24-hour maximum concentration standard. They are listed below:
2nd Maximum 24-hr
Site SAROAD ID No. Concentration
Newburgh, N.Y. 334560001F01 163 ug/m3
Schenectady, N.Y. 336020001F01 198 ug/m3
Schenectady, N.Y. 336020002F01 150 ug/m3
Schoharie, N.Y. 336060002F01 224 ug/m3
Shawangunk, N.Y. 336840001F01 209 ug/m3
Kingston, N.Y. 336840002F01 260 ug/m3
The Schoharie and Shawangunk monitoring sites exhibited high con-
centrations only during the second quarter of 1974. Is is expected
that some atypical occurrence caused these values. The Regional Office
will investigate these values and present a detailed analysis.
Table 1 presents a listing of annual geometric means and second
highest 24-hour concentrations for the three sites where primary
standards were violated during 1974 as discussed above.
Ill Newtork Adequacy
The newwork of monitoring sites in the AQCR is sufficient to
satisfy the Federal requirements in 40 CFR 51.1,7 of eleven (11) monitoring
-6-
-------
Table 1
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Problem Sites in Hudson Valley AQCR
SAROAD # 330040003F01 (0101-10)
Goodyear Tire Company Warehouse
Port of Albany, Albany
Annual Geometric Mean
(ug/m3)
105
108
102
76
75
SAROAD # 330040004F01 (0101-02)
Federal Building
Broadway, Albany
Annual Geometric Mean
(ug/m3)
2nd Maximum 24-hour
Concentration (ug/m3)
346
334
389
253
217**
2nd Maximum 24-hour
Concentration (ug/m3)
1972 * 170
1973 111 233
1974 * 184
1975 79 191**
insufficient number of observations to meet computational criteria
**Arithmetic 99 percentile use I to approximate the Second Maximum 24-hour Concentration
-------
Table 1
(continued)
SAROAD # 332660001F01 (1853-02)
Krisinski Residence
Maple Avenue, Cementon
Annual Geometric Mean 2nd Maximum 24-hour
(ug/m3) Concentration (ug/m3)
1973 * 211
1974 103 248
1975 64 172**
00
I
insufficient number of observations to meet computational criteria
**Arithmetic 99 percent!le which is close to the 2nd Maximum 24-hour Concentration
-------
sites. In 1974, thirty-seven (37) sites reported valid data so that
an annual geometric mean could be calculated. The TSP monitoring
sites in the AQCR and the observed annual geometric mean concentra-
tions are presented in Table 2. This data is summarized in Table 3.
The statistical evaluation presented in Table 3 includes a combined
index which describes the overall trend of particulate matter in the
AQCR. This combined index compensates for monitoring sites terminat-
ing and new stations starting during the period of analysis. The
i
table also includes a normalized "combined index" which is the ratio
of the base year and the periods delineated.
The monitors are in good condition and receive maintenance and
calibration every 400 hours of operation. Most monitors are located
such that they record values which are experienced by the general
populace. The monitors are also sensitive to area sources of parti-
culates as well as to emissions from point sources.
IV Impacting Sources and Controls
A. Federal Building .Monitoring Site
The point sources which impact on the Federal Building monitoring
site are listed in Table 4. Figure 3 shows the location of the sources
in relation to the monitoring site. The running annual geometric mean
for the site is plotted in Figure 4.
1. Sheridan Avenue Power Plant
This utility is currently burning coal. Its uncontrolled emis-
sions are 82 tons/year. By 1976 the plant will be using solid waste
-9-
-------
Table 2
Environmental Quality Report
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
330040001A01
(N/A)
330040001 F01
(0101-03)
330040001P01
(N/A)
330040003F01
(0101-10)
330040002F01
(0101-08)
330040004F01
(0101-02)
330040005F01
(0101-13)
County
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Al bany
Albany
Municipality
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Site Description
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Residential
Center City-Industrial
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Commercial
1970
I*
70
X
X
122
X
X
1971
I
67
X
105
124
X
X
1972
63
59
. X
108
118
I
X
1973
I
57
X
102
101
111
93
1974
X
48
I
76
85
I
68
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
331170001F01
(0152-01).
331170002F01
(0152-02)
331180001F01
(0102-01)
331200002F01
(0153-03)
331220001F01
331220002F01
(1056-03)
331220003F01
(1058-01)
333140001F01
(1001-02)
County
Albany
Albany
Albany
Albany
Columbia
Columbia
Columbia
Columbia
Municipality
Coeymans
Ravena
Cohoes
Colonie
Philmont
Copake
Germantowne
Hudson
-Site Description
Suburban-Residential
Suburban -Commercial
Center City-Industrial
Suburban-Residential
Suburban- Industrial
Remote
Suburban-Residential
Center City-Residential
1970
61
33
28
62
1971
I
64
I*
I
60
1972
58
53
I
32
I
I
52
1973
61
53
61
55
29
51
56
1974
42
50
66
50
27
44
55
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
331620001F01
(1357-01)
331620002F01
(1327-02)
331620003F01
334600001 F01
(5522-01)
33684000 1F01
(5566-02)
336840002F01
(5567-01)
County
Dutchess
Dutchess
Dutchess
Ulster
Ulster
Ulster
Municipality
LeGrange
Rhinebeck
Fishkill
New Paltz
Shawangunk
Wall Kill
Kingston
Site Description
Rural -Agricultural
Remote
Rural -Agricultural
Suburban-Residential
Rural -Agri cultural
Suburban-Resi denti al
1970
41
I
62
42
121
1971
36
58
70
40
125
1972
39
52
63
39
124
1973
37
I
57
50
101
1974
32
39
I
61
37
I*
f*. I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
33562000 1F01
(1302-01)
335620002F01
(1302-04)
335980001F01
(5564-01)
33340000 1F01
(1702-01)
County
Dutchess
Dutchess
Dutchess
Fulton
Municipality
Poughkeepsie
Poughkeepsie
Saugerties
Johnstown
Site Description
Suburban-Residential
Suburban-Residential
Rural-Industrial
Center City-Commercia
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
1970
48
66
39
1971
I*
66
38
1972
62
72
I
1973
48
70
40
1974
53
44
32
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
330820001 F01
(1921-02)
332660001F01
(1953-02)
330160001F01
(2801-01)
County
Greene
Greene
Montgomery
Municipality
Cats kill
Cementon
Amsterdam
Site Description
Suburban-Residential
Rural-Industrial
Center City-Commercial
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
1970
62
1971
73
1972
62
1973
I
61
1974
41
103
47
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
. Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/rn3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/nr
Monitoring Station Location
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
334560001 F01
(3502-02)
335140001 F01
(3566-02)
335640001 F01
(3922-01)
335640002F01
(3922-01)
County
Orange
Orange
Putnam
Putnam
Municipality
Newburgh
Wall kill
Brewster
Cold Springs
Site Description
Center City-Commercial
Rural-Industrial
Center City-Commercial
Suburban-Residential
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
1970
84
'.
1971
76
1972
71
I*
I
1973
84
I
36
1974
73
74
48
I
I
__J
en
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
333080001 F01
(4120-01)
335680001 F01
(4101-02)
335700001 F01
(4152-02)
335700011 F01
(4153-01)
335700021 F01
(4124-01)
County
Rensselaer
Rensselaer
Rensselaer
Rensselaer
Rensselaer
Municipality
Hoosick Falls
Rensselaer
East Greenbush
Grafton
Castleton-on-
Hudson
Site Description
Center City-Commercia
Suburban-Commercial
Center City-Industria
Suburban-Residential
Suburban-Residential
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
1970
72
87
24
I*
1971
75
80
I
I
1972
77
57
30
I
1973
74
61
30
34
1974
I
60
I
27
38
cr>
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
EPA ID #
(State ID #)
335970003F01
(4501-03)
336020001 F01
(4601-02)
336020002 F01
(4601-04)
336040001 F01
(4650-01)
3360400 11F01
(4652-01)
County
Saratoga
Schenectady
Schenectady
Schenectady
Schenectady
Municipalities
Saratoga Springs
Schenectady
Schenectady
Duanesburg
Niskayuna
Site Description
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Commercial
Remote
Suburban-Residential
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
1970
60
64
31
48
1971
64
63
31
45
1972
I
63
61
32
43
1973
46
71
70
31
47
1974
38
66
60
25
39
* I = failed to meet average criteria
**t = station terminated
-------
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Table 2
(continued)
Environmental Quality Report
Pollutant: Total Suspended Particulates Primary 75 ug/m3
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Secondary 60 ug/m3
Monitoring Station Location
, EPA ID #
(State ID #)
336060002F01
(4761-01)
331 86000 1F01
(5526-02)
333500001 F01
(5501-02)
333500002F01
(5501-04)
333 500003 F01
(5501-09)
County
Schoharie
Ulster
Ulster
Ulster
Ulster
Municipality
Schoharie
Ellenville
Kingston
Kingston
Kingston
Site Description
Rural-Agricultural
Suburban-Industrial
Center City-Commercial
Center City-Residential
Center City- Residential
Annual Geometric Mean (ug/m3)
970
52
58
71
1971
54
55
69
1972
50
42
64
69
1973
52
41
70
69
1974
47
I*
I
67
I
00
* I = failed to meet average criteria
** t = station terminated
-------
Table 3
AQCR: Hudson Valley (161)
Attainment Date: May 1975
Air Quality Status Report
Pollutant: TSP
Criteria
Sites Reporting Complete Data
\
No. & (percent) above 75 ug/m^
No. & (percent) above 60 ug/m3
Maximum ug/m3
Minimum ug/m3
Combined Index
Combined Index (normalized)
1975
1974
34
3
( 8.8)
12
(35.3)
103
25
50.6
84.6
1973
36
6
(16.7)
16
(44.4)
111
29
57.9
97.0
1972
28
4
(14.3)
14
(50.0)
124
30
58.6
98.2
1971
24
6
(25.0)
15
(62.5)
125
31
62.4
104.5
1970
26
3
(11.5)
14
(53.8)
122
24
59.7
100.0
Comments
-------
Table 4
Sources Impacting at Federal Building Site
SAROAD # 330040004F01 Albany, New York
Source
Sheridan Avenue
Power Plant
Cargill Feed
Company
Niagara Mohawk
Power Plant
Hotel
Hampton (Boiler)
TOTAL
I.D. #
on
Fig. 3
1
2
3
N/A
Location
Albany,
N.Y.
Port of
Albany, N.Y.
Bethlehem,
N.Y.
State Street
Albany, N.Y.
Approximate
Stack Height
150 feet
200 feet
4 Stacks
220 feet
Not Known
Approximate
Di stance
from site
h mile
1 % miles
4 miles
600 feet
Direction
from site
NW
S
S
sw
Emissions
(tons/yr)
1972
82.0
1713.0
7604.0
N/A**
9,399
Controlled
4.0*
23.0
.688*
^
N/A
755
Reduction
95%
99%
92.4.%
N/A
92.0 %
*Emission reduction not presently achieved
. **N/A = Not Applicable
-------
figure.3 : *
Sources Impacting on .the Federal.
Building Monitoring Site
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120
Cone
Figure 4
Running Annual Geometric Mean for
the Federal Building Monitoring Site
JPrimary Standard
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Year Ending
-22-
-------
as fuel and tfie fossil fuel botlers will be used only for peaking pur-
poses. The new boilers will be equipped with electrostatic precipita-
tors having an efficiency of between 90 and 96%. Consequently, by 1976
the emissions from this source should be reduced to 4 tons/year.
2. Cargill Feed Company
This feed storage facility was in violation of the emission limi-
tations of Part 212 (Process and Exhaust and/or Ventilation Systems)
.of the State's Air Pollution Control Code. In 1974 the particulate
emissions from the source were 1,713 tons/year. A NYSDEC order required
the company to install three baghouses on their grain elevators in
August of 1974. After the installation of the control equipment the
particulate emissions from this plant were reduced to 23 tons/year.
3. Niagara Mohawk Power Plant
This utility is not in compliance with Part 227 (Stationary Com-
bustion Installations) since its four boilers presently emit 2247.0 tons/
year and its allowable emissions under Part 227.3 are 688 tons/year.
Part 227.3 allows the emissions of 0.1 Ib. of particulate matter per
million Btu rated heat input.
The plant has been ordered by the Federal Energy Administration to
convert to coal. Part 227.3 would allow the emissions of 0.227 Ibs of
particulate matter per million Btu rated heat input for installations
which use coal. However, in this case the source will be required to
conform with the initial requirement of 0.1 Ib of particulate matter per
million Btu rated heat input. As a result, th-ere will be no increase
in particulate matter emissions from the conversion to coal.
-23-
-------
B. Goodyear Warehouse Monitoring Site
The point sources which impact on the Goodyear Tire Company
warehouse site in the Port of Albany are listed in Table 5. Figure
5 depicts the relative location of each source with respect to the
monitoring site. The running annual geometric mean for.the site is
plotted in Figure 6.
1. Cargill Grain Company
See discussion of this source under A of this section.. This
source is in close proximity of the monitoring site and appears to
have the largest impact on the concentrations being recorded at the
site.
2. GAF Film Company
In 1973 this company had particulate emissions of 27.5 tons with
the allowable emissions being 24 tons/year. The source was out of
compliance with both Parts 212 and 227. Controls installed in 1974
reduced the emissions to 24 tons/year. This source is not considered
a major point source and is not expected to have a measurable effect
on the monitoring site.
3. Niagara Mohawk Power Plant
See discussion of this source under A of this section.
C. Cementon Monitoring Site
The sources impacting on the site in Cementon are listed on Table
6. For the location of sources in relation to the monitoring site see
Figure 7. The climate of the area is such that the monitoring site is
-24-
-------
Table 5
Sources Impacting at Goodyear Tire Co. Warehouse Site
SAROAD #33004003F01 Port of Albany, N.Y.
Source
Cargill Feed Co.
Sterling-Winthrop
Pharmaceutical Co.
GAP Film Co.
N.Y.S. OGS Sewage
Treatment Plant
Niagara Mohawk
Power Plant
I.D. #
on
Fig. 5
2
N/A*
N/A
4
3
Location
Port of Albany
N.Y.
Rensselaer,
N.Y.
Rensselaer,
N.Y.
Port of
Albany, N.Y.
Bethlehem,
N.Y.
Approximate
Stack Height
Silo Vents
200 feet
200 feet
(on Hill)
180 feet
2 Stacks
100 feet
4 Stacks
200 feet
Approximate
Distance
from site
1/2 mile
2 1/2 miles
3/4 mile
1/4 mile
3 miles
Direction
from site
S
NE
NE
NW
S
TOTAL
Emissions
(tons/yr)
1972
1713.0
1.5
27.5
8.8
7604.0
9354.9
Controlled
23.0
0.6
24.0
8.8
688
744.4'
Per Cent
Reduction
99%
60%
13%
0%
92-,#
.92.0*
I
ro
en
* N/A = Not Applicable
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Figure 5
Map of Impacting Sources at the
Goodyear. Warehouse Monitoring .Site .__
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' '
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-4v,-^ "v; ';:<' Tfe-r'-f ^^f-X^f
..>'' fV\fX^:.'?.^"v-^.^^::^x
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v-
-^^^^P^f ^^
pi0^..^ '.. V?, .^;-;;i^Afev4^-^-^^ ''J'--^L^^/P^^
.,. ,-, . , - ..,
-------
120
100
80
Cone.
60
Figure 6
Running Annual Geometric Mean for
Goodyear Warehouse Monitoring Site
Pri mary Jjtandard
40
20
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Year Ending
-27-
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Table 6
Sources Impacting at Cementon Monitoring Site
SAROAD # 332660001F01 Cementon, New York
Source
Alpha Portland
Cement Plant
Lehigh Portland
Cement Plant
Marquette Portland
Cement Plant
I.D. #
on
Fig. 7
5
6
7
Location
Cementon,
N.Y.
Cementon,
N.Y.
Catskill,
N.Y.
Approximate
Stack Height
150 ft.
smaller stacks
& silo vents
3 stacks at
50 ft. each &
smaller stacks
& silo vents
Not Known
Approximate
Distance
from site
1/2 mile
1 1/2 mile
3 miles
Direction
from site
N
N
N
TOTAL
Emissions
(tons/yr)
1972
357.5
4035.4
1450.7
5843.6
Controlled
350.0*
1191.4*
675.0*
2216.4
Reduction
2%
70%
54%
62%
t
ro
oo
i
*Emission reductions not presently achieved
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r of Impacting Sources
., / Cementori Moni toring Site ./
..
'
-:>T) ^ " tiK^v>fiM ^:^.'^p^m^3&ii
?^^M-K^^^Mf
. ^^--"^r^-^^" ^'^A^;> v^l-!'--'';'"r->.-..v'^:
".7^;^
'frftev^--^
-------
frequently downwind of the impacting sources. The running annual geo-
metric mean for the site is represented by the trend line presented in
Figure 8.
1. Alpha Portland Cement
This facility is presently under two compliance schedules issued
by the State. They require that the source: (1) complete on-site con-
struction of emission control equipment relating to dust-dumping
operations, and (2) modify and make additions to the clinker cooler
ventilation system. The modifications to the cooler have been com-
pleted and stack tests were due September 1, 1975. This plant emitted
461.6 tons in 1970 and 357.7 tons in 1972. When fully controlled the
emissions will be reduced to 350 tons/year.
NYSDEC has indicated that the Cementon monitor is located within
100 yards of the Alpha Portland Cement dumping area and will always
report high concentrations due to the large fugitive dust emissions
generated by the dumping and the monitor's ground level location.
The greatest contributor to the particulate matter concentrations
at the Cementon site is the alkaline dust dump operated by this com-
pany. It is located approximately 100 yards north of the sampler
and is approximately 1/8 mile wide, 1/4 mile long and 25 feet high.
Particulate emissions from this dump have not been quantified due to
problems with estimating emissions. However, the dust generated by
this source has significant impact on the values recorded at the
Cementon site.
-30-
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120
Figure 8
Running Annual Geometric Mean for
Cementon Monitoring Site
80
Cone,
ug/nr
60
40
20
c _
1970"
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Year Ending
-31-
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2. Lehigh Portland Cement
This plant is presently on a compliance schedule and is meeting
its increments of progress. In 1972 the plant emitted 4,036 tons of
participate matter and was in violation of Part 212 (Process and Exhaust
and/or Ventilation Systems). The company was required to be in full
compliance by April 4, 1975. The order required that the facility in-
stall electrostatic precipitators on two kilns. This control equipment
has reduced the particulate emissions from a total of 700 tons/year to
20 tons/year. The clinker cooler ventilation system was scheduled for
baghouse construction January 1, 1976 with stack tests due January 6, 1976.
3. Marquette Cement Company
This plant is currently on a compliance order. The original
order was to be complied with by August 21, 1974, but due to an
accident at the plant it was extended. In 1973 the particulate
/
emissions from this facility were 1,451 tons. The present order
requires that a baghouse be installed on the clinker cooler system
which will reduce uncontrolled particulate matter emissions by 99.5%.
The allowable TSP emissions for this plant are 675 tons/year.
V. Evaluation of Control Strategy
The control strategy selected by the State to reduce particulate
matter emissions in this AQCR is the strict enforcement of the follow-
ing state regulations:
1. Part 212 - Processes and Exhaust and/or Centilation Systems
2. Part 213 - Contaminant Emissions from Ferrous-Jobbing
' Foundaries
3. Part 215 - Open Fires
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4. Part 219 - Incinerators
Current evaluation of this AQCR has not been able to definitely
ascertain that the control strategy will provide for attainment of
the secondary standards for particulate matter. In evaluating the
Goodyear Tire Company monitoring site, the primary annual geometric
mean standard was attained at the end of 1975 (i.e., 75 ug/m3). This
suggests that the control strategy is most likely adequate to attain
the primary standard. In 1974, the second highest 24-hour concentration
at this site was 253 ug/m3. In order to provide for the attainment
of the secondary standard of 150 ug/m3, a 46% reduction in emissions
is required. [(% reduction = (253 - 150)/(253 - 30) X 100 = 46%)].
Because this monitoring site is so heavily impacted by the sources
shown in Table 5, it is expected that the 92.0% reduction in emissions
shown in Table 5 may be sufficient to attain the secondary standard
for particulate matter. This is further substantiated by the fact
that the source which has the greatest impact on the monitoring site,
Cargill, will achieve a 99% reduction in particulate matter emissions.
At the Federal Building monitoring site, in order to provide
for attainment of the primary standard of 75 ug/m3 a 36% reduction
in emissions is required [(% reduction required = (100 - 75)/(100 -
30) X100 = 36%)]. Table 4 shows that a 92.0% reduction in emissions
will be achieved by January 1976. However, it is not clear to what
extent the sources listed in Table 4 impact on the monitoring site.
The point sources which impact on this site are located at a distance
-33-
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of four to five miles from this Site and .do not have as great an
impact on this site as Cargill does on the Goodyear Tire Company
site. In addition, this site is located in downtown Albany and can
be greatly affected by area sources. NYDEC has indicated that there
was construction activity at the Delaware and Hudson Building in late
1974. This activity masked out the stationary source emission re-
ductions at this site. By spring of ,1975, this construction activity
was over so that it anticipates that TSP concentrations will continue
to decrease. Therefore, this site will probably attain the primary
standard in mid - 1976.
At Cementon, reductions of 38% and 45% in emissions are required
to attain the primary and secondary standards, respectively. [(% re-
duction required (103 - 75)/(103 - 30) X 100 = 38%)][(248 - 150)/(248 -
30) X 100 = 48%)]. Table 6 indicates that a 62% reduction in particu-
late emissions will be achieved. However, it should be noted that the
source most directly affecting the site (Alpha Portland Cement Company)
produces large amounts of fugitive dust emissions. These emissions
have not been quantified and their impact on the monitoring site is
unknown at present.
VI Conclusions
Based on an analysis of the Hudson Valley AQCR the following can
be concluded:
1. The primary standards were attained at the Goodyear Tire
Company and Cementon monitoring sites in 1975.
-34
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2. Although the primary standards; were not attained at the
Federal Building monitoring site in 197Ji, the SIP is considered to
be substantially adequate. With the end of construction activity
near this site in spring, 1975, it is anticipated that this site
will probably attain the primary standard by mid - 1976.
3. It cannot be determined whether the secondary standards
will be attained at the Goodyear, Federal Building, and Cementon
monitoring sites.
VII Recommendations
1. The development of an Air Qua'iity Maintenance Plan should
proceed as scheduled to assure continued attainment in those areas
that are currently attaining standards.
2. Diffusion modeling of the downtown Albany area should be
undertaken in order to identify the impact of area sources in addi^-
tion to point sources on the Federal Building site.
3. An evaluation of the impact 0" fugitive dust emissions on the
Cementon monitoring site should be undertaken to determine if the monitor
is being unduly affected by fugitive dust emissions.
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