EA
WATER
        Report on the
  Water Quality of Georgica Pond
          May 1S71
              WATER QUALITY OFFICE

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           REPORT


     on the water quality of


    GEORGICA   POND


          Suffolk County

        Long Island,  N. Y.
Environmental Protection Agency
    Water Quality Office
     Edison,  New Jersey

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS





                                                                  Page





SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 	       i




PURPOSE OF REPORT	       1




STUDY AREA	       1




WATER USES AND CLASSIFICATION	       2




WASTE SOURCES	       3




WATER QUALITY	       3




     Temperature  	       4




     Conductivity and Chlorides	„	       5




     Dissolved Oxygen	       5




     Total Organic Carbon 	       6




     Nutrients  	       6




     pH and Turbidity	       7




     Bacteria	*	       8




     Station GP-3	       8,




BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 	       9




APPENDICES




     Water Quality Criteria 	       A




     Water Quality Data	       B




     Biological Investigation - May 26 - -September 25  ....       C

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                           SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS







     1.  With the exception of deep waters  at  its center,  water quality




in Georgica Pond meets State and Federal  standards.   This  classifica-




tion requires that the Pond be suitable for all  water uses except body




contact recreation and shellfishing for commercial  purposes.




     2.  Freshwater runoff from the surrounding  drainage area significantly




influences water quality and the diversity  and abundance of plant and




animal populations.  Water quality conditions  become more  marine approach-




ing the seaward inlet.  Runoff may contribute  large amounts of mineral




nutrients which stimulate growth of aquatic plants.   Wide  salinity varia-




tions limit the diversity of the fish population.




     3.  The practice of periodically flushing the  Pond by opening its




seaward inlet maintains water quality and protects  beneficial uses.




During the period the inlet is closed,  water quality deteriorates.  Levels




of organic and inorganic nutrients and coliform  organisms  increase,  dis-




solved oxygen concentrations decrease,  and  pond  waters become progessively




less saline.  Marine organisms are eliminated.

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                              PURPOSE OF REPORT







     As authorized by the River and Harbors  Act of 1960 the  U.  S.




Army Corps of Engineers proposes to construct  a hurricane  protection




barrier at the seaward inlet of Georgica Pond,  Suffolk County,  Long




Island.  This barrier will include an interior drainage structure




designed to maintain a 300 acre pond at elevation 5.0 feet above mean




sea level (MSL).  The structure will permit  control of flow  to  or  from




the Atlantic Ocean.




     In accordance with Executive Order 11288  the Environmental Protec-




tion Agency (previously the Federal Water Quality Administration)  was




requested to conduct water quality surveys to:   (1) define water quality




conditions before and after construction of the structure, and  (2) eval-




uate the effects of the proposed structure on  water quality.




     This report presents the results of pre-construction  surveys  con-




ducted during May and September 1969.  A subsequent summary  report will




document post-construction water quality and evaluate the  effects  of the




structure.




                                STUDY AREA





     Georgica Pond is located on the south shore- of Long Island in




Hampton and East Hampton Townships of Suffolk  County, New  York. The




Pond, separated from the Atlantic Ocean by a natural sand  barrier, is




bounded by low banks and gently sloped shore.   The seaward inlet,  or

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"gut", of the Pond is  periodically  opened  to  allow flushing  and




exchange of fresh and  sea water.  This  flushing  action maintains




water quality and protects beneficial uses.   The area immediately




surrounding the Pond is privately owned and developed with summer




homes.  Georgica Pond  watershed is  approximately square and  has  a




drainage area of 10.6  square miles. This  drainage area includes




farmland and light residential and  industrial areas.




     Local climate is  moderate.  Annual temperature (recorded at




Bridgehampton, New York by the U. S. Weather  Bureau)  averages 51




degrees Fahrenheit. Temperature  extremes  range  from  -12 to  +100




degrees.  Annual average precipitation  is  46  inches.   The average




growing season is 180  days and relative humidity averages 70 percent.







                       WATER USES AND CLASSIFICATION






     The Pond is used  by local residents primarily for recreation.




Major recreational uses include sailboating,  private  swimming, fishing,




and shellfishing.  Blue crabs, oysters, and soft clams have  been taken




in these waters.  Alewives enter  Georgica  Pond when the inlet is  opened




in the spring and are  said to spawn in  the tributaries.  Whitebait,




largely silversides, are taken by local fishermen.  Fyke nets are set




in the fall and spring to harvest white perch and eels.




     The area is heavily utilized by migrating and wintering waterfowl




including Canadian geese and several species  of  ducks.  Other wildlife




including ring-necked  pheasant, bob-white  quail, rabbit, fox, and raccoon,




inhabit the area.




                                     2

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     The State of New York has classified Georgica Pond as "SC" water.




This classification requires water quality suitable for fishing and all




other uses except body contact recreation and shellfishing for commercial




purposes.  Water .Quality criteria required to meet this classification




are summarized in Appendix A.  These criteria and classification were




approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and as authorized by the Water




Quality Act of 1965, constitute Federal standards.





                          WASTE SOURCES




     There are no direct waste discharges to Georgica Pond.  Homes along




the banks are served by individual septic tank systems.  Surface runoff




(estimated at 15 cfs) from the surrounding drainage area may contribute




agricultural and natural pollutants.





                          WATER QUALITY





     Surveys to define the water quality of Georgica Pond prior to con-




struction were conducted on May 27 and September 3, 1969.  The inlet




to the ocean was opened and the Pond flushed with sea water on two oc-




casions (March 12 and April 7) prior to the May survey.  Since the inlet




was opened only once (June 7), no significant flushing or exchange of




ocean water occurred during.;the period between the surveys.




     Both rainfall (15 inches) and runoff were abnormally high between




the May and September surveys.  The water level in the Pond during each

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survey approached the proposed post-construction elevation of 5.0


feet above mean sea level.


     As shown in Figure 1,  nine locations were sampled during each


survey.  Table 1 includes detailed station descriptions.


     Parameters were selected to permit comparison of water quality .


to the approved criteria and evaluation of the impact of potential


increases in pollutional materials.  Analyses at; each station included


temperature, conductivity,  chloride, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity,


total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total


organic carbon, total phosphate, total coliform, fecal coliform,  and


fecal streptococcus.  Bottom type, and plant and animal identifications


were made on May 27 and September 25.


Temperature

                             ,i
     Water temperature influences dissolved oxygen levels, survival and


propagation of fish and other aquatic life, and rates of bio-chemical


reactions and biological growth.  Decreased dissolved oxygen levels are


commonly associated with high temperatures.


     Figure 2 compares water temperatures for the surveys of May  26 and


September 2.  Temperature varied from 16.5 to 20.0°C (61.8-68.0 F) in


May and from 18.5 to 25.5°C (65.3-78.0°F) in September.  The warm summer


climate and extended period of  inlet closure caused September temperature


to exceed the May maximum of 20.0 C at all but one station.


     The temperature data clearly indicate the effect of opening  and


closing the Pond inlet.  During May (approximately 50 days after  the


most recent opening of the  inlet) water temperature was uniform at all

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Figure 1-LOCATIONS OF WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS IN GEORGICA POND

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                  TABLE  I

               GEORGICA  POND
           WATER QUALITY SURVEY
             STATION LOCATIONS
Station No.                            Description

  GP-1                        Georgica Cove  -  north end.

  GP-2                        Georgica Cove  at inlet to
                              Georgica Pond.

  GP-3S                       Opposite Trippe  boat  dock-
                              offshore about 750 feet.
                              Sample  taken 5 feet from
                              surface.

  GP-3D                       Opposite Trippe  boat  dock -
                              offshore about 750 feet.
                              Sample  taken 40  feet  from
                              surface.

  GP-4                        West  Cove at Wainscott.

  GP-5                        Georgica Pond  -  Center of
                              lake  about one mile north
                              of  inlet.

  GP-6                        West  arm about 150 feet from
                              Highway 27

  GP-7                        Center  arm about 200  feet
                              from  end.

  GP-8                        East  arm about 100 feet
                              from  end.

  GP-9                        Georgica Pond  -  Center Lake
                              about 1/2 mile from inlet.

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              MAY 26
16.5°C
                             20.0°C
                                            SEPTEMBER 3
                18.5°C
25.5°C
    Figure 2-RANGE OF WATER TEMPERATURE IN GEORGICA POND DURING WATER QUALITY SURVEYS
             OF MAY 26 AND SEPTEMBER 3,1969

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stations.  However, during September (when Pond waters had been con-




fined for 87 days) temperature decreased approaching the seaward inlet.




Conductivity and Chlorides




     The conductivity and chloride data showed trends similar to the




temperature observations.  During both surveys conductivity and chlorides




increased approaching the seaward inlet.  Average values of chlorides




in May were twice those found in September.




     As shown in Figure 3, the chloride data reveal a condition not




shown by the temperature observations 	 the diluting effect of fresh-




water runoff in the northern and eastern portions of the Pond.  September




values of chlorides at stations GP-7 and GP-8 were only 16 and 18 percent




of averages for the remainder of the Pond.




Dissolved Oxygen




     Adequate dissolved oxygen is necessary to support fish and other




aquatic life.  The amount of dissolved oxygen present will depend upon




water temperature and salinity, the rate of oxygen transfer from the




atmosphere, and the rate of both photosynthetic activity and bacterial




stabilization of organic matter.  When the rate of oxygen utilization




by bacteria exceeds the rate of supply by photosynthesis and atmospheric




reaeration, low dissolved oxygen levels and foul and obnoxious odors




result.




     Figure 4 shows the dissolved oxygen level at each station for both




surveys.  With the exception of deep waters at station GP-3, oxygen




levels were higher than the 5.0 mg/1 concentration established by the




approved water quality standards.  Warm September temperatures and the

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Figure 3-COMPARISON OF CHLORIDE VALUES IN GEORGICA POND DURING
        MAY AND SEPTEMBER SURVEYS

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   Figure 4-SURFACE DISSOLVED OXYGEN LEVELS IN GEORGICA POND DURING MAY AND SEPTEMBER SURVEYS

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extended period of inlet closure reduced oxygen levels by more than




20 percent.  Photosynthetic production of oxygen by algae caused




super-saturation at nine stations in May and three in September.




Bottom waters at station GP-3 were completely devoid of oxygen during




both surveys.




Total Organic Carbon




     Total organic carbon indicates the presence of organic material




which may be degraded by oxygen-demanding bacteria and thus reduce




oxygen concentrations below acceptable levels.  Figure 5 compares




total organic carbon levels during the May and September surveys.  Mean




total organic carbon levels in the main body of the Pond increased by




65 percent (from 9.0 to 14.8 mg/1) between May and September.   This




increase may have contributed to the reduced dissolved oxygen  levels




observed in September.  The total organic carbon data also exhibits the




effect of fresh water inflow at stations GP-6, GP-7,  and GP-8.




Nutrients




     Excess mineral nutrients stimulate over-abundant growth of aquatic




plants.  This profuse growth may become unsightly, cause odors, increase




pH to intolerable levels, or cause erratic variation in dissolved oxygen




levels.  Although over 20 fertilizing elements are needed to support




aquatic growth, phosphorous and nitrogen are believed the most critical.




Natural runoff, transient waterfowl, decomposing plant material, bottom




sediments, and agricultural land drainage represent potential  sources




of nitrogen and phosphorous to Georgica Pond.

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Figure 5-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON LEVELS IN GEORGICA POND DURING
        MAY AND SEPTEMBER SURVEYS

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     Extremely low concentrations of phosphate and nitrogen will




support plant growth.  In fresh waters phosphate levels  as  low as




0.01 - 0.04 mg/1 (0.003 - 0.012 mg/1 as P) have supported extensive




growths of both suspended and attached algae.   The critical nitrate




concentration has been reported to be 0.3 mg/1 as N.




     The surveys indicate that Georgica Pond is rich in  nitrogen and




phosphorous and could support prolific algae growth.   The super-




saturated oxygen levels observed during both surveys  indicate that




extensive growth is already underway.  Phosphate levels  are at least




20 times the reported limiting levels.  Although nitrate levels do not




generally exceed 0.3 mg/1 a great reservoir of nitrogen  is  present as




ammonia and organic material.




     During the period between the surveys phosphorous and  nitrogen




levels increased by 37 and 260 percent, respectively. Should the Pond




remain confined, these levels would increase even further.




pH and Turbidity




     The approved water quality standards establish no pH criteria for




these waters.  The National Technical Advisory Committee on Water Quality




Criteria suggests that marine fish require a pH not less than 6.7 nor




greater than 8.5 for survival and propagation.  pH values during these




surveys ranged from 6.6 to 9.3.  Extensive plant growth  caused a mean pH




increase in the main Pond waters of nearly one unit during  the summer.




If the Pond were to remain confined, plant growths would increase and pH




would rise even higher.

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     September turbidity readings exceeded May values at six of nine




stations.  The mean reading in September was 12.1;  turbidity increased




greatly at stations GP-1 and GP-2.




Bacteria




     Coliform organisms indicate potential bacterial contamination.   These




organisms are found naturally in the wastes of warm-blooded animals  and in




soils.  Total coliform counts during the May survey varied from 2 to 1100




organisms per 100 milliliters, whereas in September the counts varied




from 2 to 18,000 organisms per 100 milliliters.  Counts generally




increased during the summer.  Five stations exhibited counts greater




than 1000 per 100 ml in September,  whereas only one did so in May.




     The presence of fecal coliform organisms indicates recent contam-




ination with feces of warm-blooded animals.  During both surveys, fecal




coliform counts (2 - 130 organisms/100 ml) were below the maximum level




recommended for body contact recreation by the National Technical Advisory




Committee on Water Quality Criteria.  Waterfowl, wildlife, or scattered




cattle or dairy herds observed in the area may account for the presence




of the organisms.  Fecal coliform counts did not change between the  surveys.




Station GP-3




     Physical and water quality conditions in the deep waters at station




GP-3 differed greatly from those in the remainder of the Pond.  Here the




water depth was 45 feet, compared to a depth of 2 - 15 feet at other




stations.

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     During both surveys waters at station GP-3 were stratified.




High conductivity and chloride values indicate that the bottom waters




represent saline water which enters the Pond from the ocean when the




inlet is opened.  The saline bottom waters were not diluted by fresh




water during the summer period of inlet closure.  Surface and bottom




water quality at station GP-3 are compared to water quality of the




remainder of the Pond in Table II.  The saline bottom waters were




cold and contained much greater levels of inorganic nutrients than




waters at the surface.




     During both surveys the bottom waters at station GP-3 were com-




pletely devoid of oxygen and did not conform to the approved water




quality standards.  This was the only station at which such violation




was observed.







                          BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS







     Bottom type and plant and animal identifications were conducted on




May 27 and September 25.  Limited chemical and physical analyses were




also conducted to verify the continued presence of conditions observed




during the May and September water quality surveys.  Bottom type and




water chemistry data are summarized for both surveys in Table III;




Figure 6 compares the number of fresh water and saline species found




at each station.  Fewer marine species were found in September.




     The bottom of Georgica Pond is generally composed of sand and mud




with the varying presence of slight rock and gravel.  In the deeper waters




near the center of the Pond (stations GP-5, GP-9 and GP-3) the bottom was

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               TABLE II

   COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF BOTTOM
     WATERS AT STATION GP-3 TO
QUALITY ELSEWHERE IN GEORGICA POND
         (September 3, 1969)
                   Level-in Indicated Location
Quality
Parameter
Temperature, °C
PH
Dissolved Oxygen, mg/1
Nitrate, mg/1
Salinity °/oo
Chlorides, mg/1
Total Kjeldahl, mg/1
Total Phosphorous, mg/1
Bottom Waters at
Station GP-3
6.9
7.1
zero
zero
30.1
18900
5.2
3.8
Stations
Surface
Station
18.5 -
6.7 -
6.2 -
0.1 -
0.9 -
300.0 -
0.4 -
0.3 -
1,2,4-9 and
Waters at
GP-3
25.5
9.3
10.0
0.5
5.5
3220
4.0
0.9

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TABLE III
WATER CHEMISTRY & BOTTOM TYPE COMPARISON
BETWEEN 5-27-69 AND 9-25-69 SURVEYS
GEORGICA POND

GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-4
GP-5
GP-6
GP-7
GP-8
GP-9

5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
Bottom Type
Gravel, Sand
Sand- 90%, Mud- 10%
Sand, Mud
Mud-70%, Sand-30%
Ooze- 9 8%, Sand- 2%
Ooze- 100%
Sand-50%, Mud-50%
Sand-80%, Mud-20%
Sand-50%, Mud-50%
Ooze- 100%
Sand-80%, Mud-20%
Mud-50%, Sand-40%
Gravel-10%
Sand-50%, 'Mud-50%
Sand -100%
Gravel-80%, Sand-20%
Sand-95%, Mud-5%
Mud- 98%, Sand-2%
Mud- 100%
Depth
5'
3'
6'
6'
45'
38'
3'
3'
10'
6 '
4'
3'
3'
?!
2'
..1.5'..
10'
6'
PH
8.2
"7.7
8.1
8.5
7.0
7.6
6.6
8.5
7.8
8.5
7.6
8.5
7.1
7.2
7.2
8.4
8.4
8.5
Sal.
o/OO
7.3
4
7.4
4
29.5
32
6.1
3
7.3
3
6.2
2
5.3
1
5.4 *
1
7.5
4
Temp.
°C
16.9
20
16.5
20
5.3
14
18.6
19
18.4
20
19.0
19
20.0
17
19.8
18
17.4
20
DO Percent
mg/1 Saturation
9.9
8.6
9.6
8.2
0.0
0.0
9.9
6.9
10.8
10.0
10.5
5.5
10.3
8.3
10.7
8.9
11.0
10.2
109
97
106
93
00
00
112
75
121
112
119
59
118
86
123
93
122
115

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                                  FOUND
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                                                     STATION
           Figure 6-COMPARISON OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATE SPECIES IN GEORGICA POND
                    DURING MAY AND SEPTEMBER WATER QUALITY SURVEYS

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predominately mud and ooze.   During both surveys,  the bottom ooze at




station GP-3 released a strong hydrogen sulfide odor.  During the




September survey strong hydrogen sulfide odors were also noted in




the benthos at stations GP-1, GP-2, GP-5, and GP-9.




      Aquatic plants grew abundantly throughout the study area.  During




May, pond weed (Potamogeton) and widgeon grass (Ruppia) were found in




characteristic habitats.  Pond weed was prevalent  in the shallow inlets




and widgeon grass grew luxuriously in the open water along the north-




west shore.  The presence of pond weed in the narrow inlets reflects the




shallow depths and low salinities found in these areas.  Along the shore




cord grass (Spartina) and reed grass (Phragmites)  were common.




      In September, pond weed remained the most common aquatic plant




found in the Pond.  The abundant growth of widgeon grass observed during




the May survey was not present in September.   Adverse water conditions




and/or a natural growth cycle may be the cause of  this decline.  Cord




and reed grasses continued to dominate along the shore.




      The number of invertebrate benthic species decreased 16 percent




between the May and September surveys.  As the salinity decreased marine




species were eliminated; the number of fresh water species remained




essentially constant.  The decrease in benthic species was caused primarily




by the elimination of crustaceans (Cumacea) and worms (Polychaeta), the




two major marine groups found during the May survey.  Amphipods, which




have unknown salinity requirements, were also nearly eliminated.
                                     10

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      The limited fish population reflects the physical  and water




quality conditions observed.   Only small fishes able to  withstand




appreciable salinity variations were found.   Killifish (Fundulus),




silversides (Menidia), flounder (Pseudopleuronectes),  stickleback,




small shrimp, and crabs were  collected.   The killifish was the




dominant fish found in the Pond.  Lack of accessibility  may also




reduce the number of fish species.  Fish can only enter  the Pond




from the ocean during the short time the "gut" is opened and then




must enter through the intertidal surf .zone  along the  beach.
                                     11

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      APPENDIX  A
Water Quality Criteria

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                                 APPENDIX A
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
                         STATE OF  NEW YORK

                          CLASS    SC
DEFINITION OR BEST USAGE:  Fishing and any other usages except bathing or shell-
fishing for market purposes.


FLOW CONDITIONS:
 1 Floating            None which are readily visible and attributable to sewage,
   Solids              industrial wastes or other wastes or which deleteriously
                       increase the amounts of these constituents in receiving
                       waters after opportunity for reasonable dilution and mix-
 	 ture with the wastes discharged thereto.   	
 2 Settleable
   Solids
See Number 1.
 3 Sludge
   Deposits
 4 Solid Refuse,Gar-
   bage, Cinders,
   Ashes,Oils,Sludge
   or Other Refuse
Garbage, Cinders, Ashes, Oils, Sludge or Other Refuse:
None.in any waters of the "Marine District" as defined
by State Conservation Law.  (See Remarks)
 5 Sewage or
   Other Effluent
Not*~Sf>ec if ied.
 6 Oil, Grease, Oil
   Slicks, or Scum
Oil:  See Number 13
 7 Coliform
   Density
Not Specified.
 8 pH
10 Color
Not Specified.
9 Dissolved
Oxygen
Not less than 5.0 ppm.
See Number 13.
11 Turbidity
Not Specified.
12 Taste,
   Odor
Not Specified.
13 Toxic Wastes, Deleterious Substances;
                      See over.
   Heated Effluents and Temperature Criteria: See over.
REMARKS:  "The Marine District shall include the waters of the Atlantic Ocean
within three nautical miles from the coastline and all other tidal waters within
the State except the Hudson River northerly of the south end of (Cont'd.)

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                                 APPENDIX A

WATER QUALITY CRITERIA                          STATE OF  NEW YORK
                                                 CLASS    SC .(-Cont'd.)
13  Toxic Wastes, Deleterious Substances:
        None alone or in combination with other substances or wastes in
    sufficient amounts or at such temperatures as to be injurious to edible fish
    or shellfish or the culture or propagation thereof, or which in any manner
    shall adversely affect the flavor,  color, odor,  or sanitary condition there-
    of or impair the waters for any other best usage as determined for the
    specific waters which are assigned to this class.
       Heated Effluents;
            See Number 13.

  (b)  Temperature Criteria:

           Within the mixing zone, water temperature shall not exceed 90 F-
           Outside the mixing zone, water temperature shall not exceed 86 F
       after mixing; no permanent change in excess of ,5 .F° above normal will be
       permitted; discharges shall not raise monthly?means of maximum daily
       temperatures more than 4 F° from September through May, nor more than
       1.5 F  during June,  July, and August-;' rate of temperature change shall be
       limited to 1 F° per  hour, not to exceed '"'7 F° in any 24-hour period at
       maximum, except when natural phenomena cause these limits to be exceeded.
REMARKS (Cont'd.):
Manhattan Island." — from Paragraph 301, Part IX, New York State Fish and Game
Law.

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    APPENDIX B
Water Quality Data

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                                                     GEORGICA POND SURVEY  MAY 27. 1969
STATION DATE TIME



GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-3
GP-4
GP-5
GP-6
GP-7
GP-8
GP-9



05-27-69 0755
05-27-69 0840
05-27-69 0930
05-27-69 0900
05-27-69 1145
05-27-69 1115
05-27-69 1000
05-27-69 1030
05-27-69 1045
05-27-69 1215
STATION DATE TIME



GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-3
GP-4
GP-5
GP-6
GP-7
GP-8
GP-9



05-27-69 0755
05-27-69 0840
05-27-69 0930
05-27-69 0900
05-27-69 1145
05-27-69 1115
05-27-69 1000
05-27-69 1030
05-27-69 1045
05-27-69 1215
DEPTH
FT


002
003
005
040
002
005
002
002
002
005
DEPTH
FT


002
003
005
040
002
005
002
002
002
005
LAB
NO.

00008
8004
8005
8007
8006
8014
8012
8009
8010
8011
8015
LAB
NO.

00008
8004
8005
8007
8006
8014
8012
8009
8010
8011
8015
AIR
TEMP
CENT
00020
14.70
14.40
20.50
19.00
20.50
15.50
23.00
20.70
28.00
25.20
NH3-N
MG/L

00610
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
2.20
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
WATER
TEMP
CENT
00010
16.90
16-.50
16.60
5.30
18.60
18.40
19.00
20.00
19.80
17.40
N03-N
MG/L

00620
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
0.05K
0.10
0.05K
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05K
DO
MG/L

00300
9. 90
9.60
10.00
0.00
9.90
10.80
10.50
10.30
10.70
11.00
T KJL
N
MG/L
00625
1.10
0.80
0.70
2.20
0.70
0.60
0.70
0.90
0.80
0.80
DO
0/0
SAT
00301
106.00
102.30
107.30
N
108.70
119.30
116.70
116.20
120.10
119.20
T P04
P04
MG/L
00650
2.20
0.20
0.20
4.70
0.10
0.10
1.80
0.20
0.20
0.20
TURB
JKSN
JU
00070
2.80
1.00
0.90
6.70
2.00
1.70
2.00
0.90
1.70
2.50
T ORG
C
MG/L
00680
22.00
7.00
5.00
5.00
7.00
15.00
5.00
15.00
9.00
7.00
PH
SU

00400
8.20
8.10
7.20
7.00
6.60
7.80
7.60
7.10
7.20
8.40
COLIF
MFTC
100ML
31501
130
32
2
2
2
440
50
1100
2
80
COND
A-25C
UMHOS
00095
12200
12600
12600
44700
9900
12100
10600
9000
9400
12600
COLIF
MFFC
100ML
31616
64
20
2
2
2
52
36
130
2
44
SALIN
-ITY
G/L
70305
7.30
7.40
7.50
29.50
6.10
7.30
6.20
5.30
5.40
7.50
FECAL
STREP
100ML
31679
32
6
20
60
2
2
2
2
2
0
CL
MG/L

00940
4400
4700
5100
18700
3400
4300
3700
320C
3100
4500














RENARKS-
   N-NO DATA AVAILABLE.
J=ESTIMATED VALUE.  K=LESS THAN.  L=GREATER THAN.   -=MINUS TEMP

-------
                                                 GEORGICA POND SURVEY  SEPTEMBER 3, 1969
STATI



GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-3
GP-4
GP-5
GP-6
GP-7
GP-8
GP-9
ON DATE



09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
STATION DATE



GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-3
GP-4
GP-5
GP-6
GP-'7
GP-8
GP-9



09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69
09-03-69-
TIME



0250
C810
0850
0840
0950
1000
1015
1035
1105
0930
TIME



0250
0810
0850
0840
0950
1000
1015
1035
1105
0930
DEPTH
FT


001
005
005
035
001
001
001
005
001
005
DEPTH
FT


001
005
005
035
001
001
001
005
001
005
LAB
NO.

00008
9401
9402
9404
9403
9406
9407
9408
9409
9410
9405
LAB
NO.

00008
9401
9402
9404
9403
9406
9407
9408
9409
9410
9405
AIR
TEMP
CENT
00020
21.00
21.00
21.50
21.50
22-00
22.00
22.00
22.00
22.00
21.00
NH3-N
MG/L

00610
0.10
0.10
0.10
3.80
0.10
0.05K
0. 10
0.10
0. 10
0.10
WATER
TEMP
CENT
00010
25.50
24.00
24.30
6.90
23.50
25.20
24.90
20.50
18.50
24.70
N03-N
MG/L

00620
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.50
0.10
DO
MG/L

00300
7.20
6.20
10.00
0.00
7.00
7.60
9.70
8.50
7.20
8.70
T KJL
N
MG/L
00625
4.00
3.60
2.80
5.20
1.30
2.10
1.20
0.40
0.70
2.10
DO
0/0
SAT
00301
89.30
75.40
122.80
N
83.60
94. 10
117.70
94.00
76.30
106.80
T P04
P04
MG/L
00650
0.90
0.80
0.70
3.80
0.50
0.60
0.40
0.30
0.30
0.50
TURB
JKSN
JU
00070
35.00
25.00
1.50
17.00
3.90
5.00
1.50
3.60
1.30
7.00
T ORG
C
MG/L
00680
31.00
20.00
14.00
4.00
6.00
9.00
6.00
2.00
2.00
12.00
PH
SU

00400
8.40
8.60
9.30
7.10
8.70
8.80
7.70
7.10
6.70
9.30
COL IF
MFTC
100ML
31501
2500
18
2
2
3300
48
2200
2100
94
18000
COND
A-25C
UMHOS
00095
8400
9300
9200
46800
7200
7900
6900
1600
1600
8600
COLIF
MFFC
100ML
31616
44
12
2
2
4
2
110
74
2
50
SALIN
-ITY
G/L
70305
5.40
5.50
5.40
30.10
4.20
4.70
4.00
0.90
0.90
5.10
FECAL
STREP
100ML
31679
8
2
2
2
8
2
30
64
62
56
CL
MG/L

00940
2040
2870
3220
18900
1990
2470
960
300
330
2520














REMARKS-
   N=NO DATA AVAILABLE,
J=ESTIMATED VALUE,  K=LESS THAN,  L=GREATER THAN,  -=MINUS TEMP

-------
      APPENDIX C
Biology Report 	 May

-------
TABLE I
WATER CHEMISTRY & BOTTOM TYPE COMPARISON
BETWEEN 5-27-69 and 9-25-69 RUNS
GEORGICA POND
Bottom Type Depth
GP-1
GP-2
GP-3
GP-U
GP-5
GP-6
GP-7
GP-8
GP-9
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
5-27-69
9-25-69
Gravel, Sand
Sand-90$, Mud-10$
Sand, Mud
Mud- 70$, Sand-30$
Ooze-98$, Sand 2%
Ooze -100$
Sand- 50$, Mud-50$
Sand- 80$, Mud- 20$
• Sand-50$, Mud-50$
Ooze-100$
Sand- 80$, Mud- 20$
Mud-50$, Sand-U0$
Gravel-10$
Sand-50$, Mud-50$
Sand-100$
Gravel-80$, Sand-20$
Sand-95$, Mud-5$
Mud-98$, Sand-2$
Mud-100$
5'
3'
6'
6'
US'
38'
3'
3'
10'
6'
k<
3'
31
2'
2'
1.5'
10'
6'
PH
8.2
7.7
8.1
8.5
7.0
7.6
6.6
8.5
7.8
8.5
7.6
8.5
7.1
7.2
7.2
8.U
8.U
8.5
Sal.
°/00
7.3
U
l.h
h
29.5
32
6.1
3
7.3
3
6.2
2
5-3
1
5.U
i
7.5
h
Temp.
°C
16.9
20
16.5
20
5.3
1U
18.6
19
18. U
20
19.0
19
20.0
17
19.8
18
17. U
20
DO Percent
mg/1 Saturation
9.9
8.6
9.6
8.2
0.0
0.0
9.9
6.9
10.8
10.0
10.5
5.5
10.3
8.3
10.7
8.9
11.0
10.2
109
97
106
93
00
00
112
75
121
112
119
59
118
86
123
93
122
115

-------
                                  TABLE 2
                                GEORGICA  POND
                        SPECIES COMPOSITION  COMPARISON
May 27, 1969
                                    GP-1
DOMINANT SPECIES

#*HAmphipoda    -  "Scud"
  •sfChironomidae -  "Midge" - Larva
  Oligochaeta  -  "Aquatic Worm"
   Gastropoda   -  "Snail"
    •JiBulimidae

SUPPORT SPECIES

   Crustacea
   •K-aPalaemonetes  vulgaris -  "Shrimp"
 •frtfCumacea
 •JHtPolychaeta
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Potamogeton -  "Pond Weed"
   Ruppia      -  "Widgeon Grass"
   Gre.en Filamentous Algae
                                    GP-2
DOMINANT SPECIES

-SHBfAmphipoda
•SBBdsopoda
   Polychaeta
   •JHiHypaniola Grayi
           '
September 25, 1969
DOMINANT SPECIES

   Polychaeta
   •JHi-Hypaniola Grayi
   Gastropoda
SUPPORT SPECIES

   Polychaeta
   •JBsNereis
   -x-xUnknown
  -x-Chironomidae  - Larva
  -KOdonata       - "Damsel  Fly"-Nymph
•JBH&mphipoda

AQUATIC PLANTS

   Potamogeton
                                                  REMARKS:  Potamogeton on water
                                                            surface, strong !L;,S
                                                            odor in bottom.
DOMINANT SPECIES

  •isChironomidae - Larva
   Gastropoda
    -*?Amnicola
   •JHtUnknown Tube Dweller

-------
                                    -2-

                                GEORGICA POND

                     SPECIES COMPOSITION COMPARISON (Cont'd)
May 27, 1969
SUPPORT SPECIES

 •SBSCumacea
   Pelecypoda
    •*Tellina Agilis
                                   GP-2
                                 (Cont'd)
                                   September 25,  1969
                                   SUPPORT SPECIES

                                     •KChironomidae      - Pupa
                                      Polychaeta
                                      •frKHypaniola Grayi
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Ruppia
   Potamogeton
   Phragmites
- "Reed Grass1
                                   GP-3
DOMINANT SPECIES

    "NONE"

SUPPORT SPECIES

   Pelecypoda
    #Tellina Agilis (empty shell)
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Filamentous Green Algae
   Unknown Grass

REMARKS:  Strong H2S odor in
          bottom, several un-
          identified seeds in
          bottom sample.
                                   DOMINANT SPECIES

                                        "NONE"

                                   SUPPORT SPECIES

                                      Gastropoda
                                       *Amnicola (empty shell)
AQUATIC PLANTS
   "NONE
                                   AQUATIC PLANTS

                                      Filamentous Green Algae
REMARKS;  Strong H2S odor in
          bottom.
                                   REMARKS;   Strong H2S odor in
                                             bottom.

-------
                                   -3-
                              GEORGIGA POND

                   SPECIES COMPOSITION COMPARISON (Cont'd)
May'27, 1969
DOMINANT SPECIES

•JHB&mphipoda
   Polychaeta
   •x-x-Hypaniola Grayi
   ^-^Unidentified
SUPPORT SPECIES
  tfChironomidae - Larva
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Potamogeton
                                 GP-U
September 2g, 1969
DOMINANT SPECIES
•>BB$Amphipoda
   Polychaeta
               Grayi
    •HChironomidae    - Larva
    •«01igochaeta
     Gastropoda
      •HAmnicola (5>0$ alive)

SUPPORT SPECIES
   Pelecypoda
                                                                  -"Beetle"  - Larva

                                                   #Trichoptera   -"Caddis Fly" - Pupa
   Coleoptera
    •«Berosus
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Vallisneria   -"Eel Grass"
   Potamogeton
                                                 REMARKS:  Heavy Plant Cover on Bottom.
DOMINANT SPECIES

-SBBt-Amphipoda
   Polychaeta
   •SHiflypaniola Grayi
SUPPORT SPECIES

  •JfChironomidae - Larva

AQUATIC PLANTS

   Ruppia
DOMINANT SPECIES

   Gastropoda
    ^Amnicola   - (mostly empty shells)
  •ifChironomidae - Larva
SUPPORT SPECIES

  •BChironomidae - Pupa

AQUATIC PLANTS

   "NONE

REMARKS:  Strong I^S  odor  in
          bottom.

-------
                                    -u-
                               GEORGICA POND
                    SPECIES COMPOSITION COMPARISON  (Cont'd)
May 21, 1969
DOMINANT SPECIES

•JHHiAmphipoda
-x-iBftsopoda
   Gastropoda
    •xMusculium

SUPPORT SPECIES

  -x-Chironomidae
   Coleoptera
    •x-Berosus
    -Unknown
 -x-x-Cumacea
   Neuroptera
    -x-Sialis
   Polychaeta
   -x-x-Hypaniola Grayi
  -xOligochaeta

AQUATIC PLANTS

   Ruppia
                                   GP-6
- Larva & Pupa
-Fish Fly"
-Larva
                          September  2$,  1969
                          DOMINANT  SPECIES

                             Gastropoda
                              * Amnicola
SUPPORT SPECIES

  •HOligochaeta
  •tfChironomidae - Larva
   Coleoptera
     aHaliplus  - Larva
                         AQUATIC PLANTS

                            Potamogeton
DOMINANT SPECIES

  #01igochaeta
   Gastropoda
    -HBulimidae

SUPPORT SPECIES

•iHHsAmphipoda
   Coleoptera
    •HHydrophilidae - Larva
•3«H«Isopoda
    •J«Hirudinea     - "Leech"
*x«Chironomidae    - Pupa
                                   GP-7
                                              REMARKS:   Slight H2S odor in bottom.
                         DOMINANT SPECIES

                            Gastropoda
                              •^Amnicola
                           -*01igochaeta

                         SUPPORT SPECIES

                            Polychaeta
                            »%Hypaniola Grayi
                              Pelecypoda
                               ^lusculium

-------
                                      -5-

                                  GEORGICA POND

                       SPECIES CCMPOSITION COMPARISON (Cont'd)
May 21, 1969
September 25, 1969
                                      GP-7

                                    (Cont'd)
AQUATIC PLANTS
   Potamogeton
   Ruppia
   Polygonum               - "Smart Weed"
   Filamentous Green Algae
   Niasses of Sphaerotalis - Like Material
                                     GP-8
DOMINANT SPECIES

  •KOligochaeta
   Gastropoda
    -ssBulimidae

SUPPORT SPECIES

  •HChironomidae - Larva
•iHHiAmphipoda
   Neuroptera
    -frSialidae
   Pelecypoda
    -a-Tellina
   Polychaeta
   •JHtflypaniola grayi
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Nymphaea
   Unknown higher aquatic plants
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Potamogeton
   Filamentous Green Algae

REMARKS;  Heavy plant cover on
          bottom, gas  bubbles
          in water.
DOMINANT SPECIES

   Gastropoda
    •aAmnicola
  #01igochaeta

SUPPORT SPECIES

   Pelecypoda
    •ffilusculium
   Gastropoda
    -sPhysa
   Polychaeta
   •JHsHypaniola grayi
  #Chironomidae       - Larva
   Coleoptera
    •BBerosus          - Larva
    *Haliplus         - Larva
   Neuroptera
    ^•Sialis           - Larva

AQUATIC PLANTS

   Nymphaea
   Fotamogeton
   Unidentified Grass

REMARKS:  Light green or milky
          colored material covered
          water surface (appears in
          suspension), if moved
          aside secci reading
          doubles (0.6'-1.U')

-------
                                   -6-
                               GEORGICA POND
                    SPECIES COMPOSITION COMPARISON (Cont'd)
May  27,  1969
DOMINANT  SPECIES
  •sfChironomidae  -  Larva
   Gastropoda
     -x-Bulitnidae

SUPPORT  SPECIES

   Polychaeta
   -x-^Ampharetidae
  -x-x-Cumacea
                                   GP-9
September 2g, 1969
DOMINANT SPECIES

   Gastropoda
    -:&mnicola (empty shells)
SUPPORT SPECIES

-x~x-X:Amphi p oda
   Polychaeta
   •JHt-Spiopanes bombyx
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Ruppia
AQUATIC PLANTS

   Potamogeton
  -x- - Fresh Water
 *-* - Marine
-;;-;Bf - Not determined
                                                REMARKS;  Seeds, common  on bottom,
                                                          strong H2S  odor in
                                                          bottom.

-------