&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Region II
Radiation Branch
26 Federal Plaza
New York, N.Y. 10007
EPA 902 ' 4-80-003
October 1980
Radiation
Region II
1978-79 ERAMS Summary
Data Report
-------
Region II
1978-79 ERAMS Summary
Data Report
Joyce Feldman
Pat Mathews-Musumeci
October 1980
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Regional Office of Radiation Programs
26 Federal Plaza
New York, N.Y. 10278
-------
Foreword
Since their discovery, radioactive materials have played
an increasing role in the lives of the world's population.
Because of this, environmental radiation monitoring is
necessary to guide the development and enforcement of EPA
environmental radiation protection standards.
In 1973 the EPA established a network of selected locations
to assist in monitoring ambient radioactivity- The Environ-
mental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System - ERAMS - was
designed to provide information on the environmental effects
of components of the nuclear fuel cycle, such as nuclear
power plants and nuclear fuel fabrication and reprocessing
plants. In addition, ERAMS helps to provide information
on other sources of radioactivity such as isotopes used
in medicine and industrial applications.
The system is also designed to provide data on levels of
pollutants for standards-setting, verification that standards
are being met, evaluation of the effectiveness of controls,
and determination of environmental trends. This information
helps to provide direct assessment of the population intake
of radioactive pollutants. A set of computational dose
calculation models are then used to determine total popu-
lation dose.
Environmental pathways are monitored for significant popu-
lation exposure from routine and accidental releases of
radioactivity from major sources. The ERAMS network can
then provide data which may be used in the event of an
accidental release of radioactivity to the environment,
as an indicator of the need for additional sampling or
other actions required to insure public safety- This was
again proven by use following the accident at Three Mile
Island Nuclear Power Plant, when frequent monitoring pro-
vided constant evaluation of air, milk, and water samples
to study the effect of any off-site releases.
The data presented here on Region II sites are extracted
from ERAMS quarterly reports covering the period from
January 1977 to December 1979. Drinking water and surface
water samples are compared to the EPA drinking water
standards, which went into effect June 24, 1977. Trends,
when they occur, are noted.
-------
I believe this report will be valuable to readers concerned
with environmental radiation levels in Region II. I en-
courage users of this report to inform the Radiation Branch
of omissions or errors. Your additional comments or request
further informaton are also solicited.
Charles S . Warren
Regional Administrator
11
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Table of Contents
Foreword j_
Dent Program 1
ERAMS Summary 2
Data Reporting Rationale and Procedures 4
Analysis of Data 8
Analysis of Water Samples Under
Drinking Water Standards 9
Maximum Levels of Radioactivity
in Surface Water and Drinking Water 11
Appendix I - Summary of Data by Location
Ancon, Panama Canal 13
Albany, New York 14
Bayside, New Jersey 15
Buffalo, New York 16
Cristobal, Panama Canal 17
New York City 18
Niagara Falls , New York 23
Ossining, New York 26
Oswego, New York 27
Oyster Creek, New Jersey 28
Poughkeepsie, New York 29
San Juan, Puerto Rico 30
Syracuse, New York 32
Trenton, New Jersey 34
Waretown, New Jersey - 40
Appendix II
Region II Quarterly Milk Composites 42
Appendix III
Radon-222 in Drinking Water (1979)
- New Jersey 44
- New York 45
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DENT PROGRAM
The Food and Drug Administration, in cooperation with state
and local agencies, operates exposure reduction and quality
assurance programs for medical x-ray equipment. The Dental
Exposure Normalization Technique (DENT) is utilized to de-
velop effective dental x-ray techniques to reduce exposures
to patients as well as dental workers. DENT is an exposure
and image quality assessment program designed to identify
facilities where the exposures appear unnecessarily high
or unusually low for the type of image receptor. Clinical
personnel at the facilities are then advised of corrections
that can be made in procedures to reduce unproductive
patient exposure and to improve image quality.
In New Jersey, over 3000 dentists have participated in the
program since it was initiated in September, 1977. As part
of the examination, recommendations are made to improve image
quality to achieve dose reduction. In 1979, over 590 dentists
were visited. As a result of NJ BRP's actions, radiation
exposure has been reduced by an average of 262 milliroentgens
per film. This exposure reduction benefited 2,734 radiation
workers*, 5,053 non-radiation workers**, and the 145,598
patients who were diagnostically x-rayed.
New York State has completed its DENT program.
* A radiation worker is an individual who is either
licensed or certified to operate an x-ray machine.
** A non-radiation worker is an individual who works or
resides in the area or adjoining area of the x-ray
machine but is not involved in the machine operation,
-------
ERAMS Summary
Local Data
The ORP established the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
(ERAMS) in 1973 to record collected samples of air, water and milk supplies
around the country.
General trends of gross alpha and beta radiation and monitoring of radio-
nuclides from the uranium fuel cycle are examined.
This report will consider environmental radiation data collected* and pro-
cessed by the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF) in Montgomery,
Alabama, from various sites in Region II.
Each test performed will be discussed and minimum detectable levels noted
below. Data for specific locations are shown for 1977 through 1979 for
comparison and identification of trend development.
1- Airborne particulates are continuously collected on filters and are
checked with a survey meter at time sequences planned to allow decay of
radon and thoron daughters. Filters are then sent to EERF for analysis
in a low background beta counter. Gamma analysis is performed only on
samples with a gross beta count greater then 1 pCi/m .
Precipitation samples are also collected and composited monthly- These
are analyzed for tritium, gross beta activity and gamma levels. Minimum
detectable levels (MDL) for gross beta are 0.01 pCi/m- in air, 1 pCi/1
in water and 0.01 nCi/m in precipitation, (the value in terms of nCi/m
would be dependent on precipitation (mm)J. The MDL for tritium is 0.2
nCi/1.
2. Plutonium and uranium in airborne particulate samples are collected on
filters which have been exposed to 25,000' to 40,000 m of air for each
quarterly composite. After chemical treatment, they are analyzed by
alpha spectroscopy. Minimum detectable level is 0.015 pCi/sample.
3. Surface water is monitored downstream from all nuclear facilities in
operation or planned through 1979 and at background sites. Tritium is
checked quarterly and gamma scans are performed annually. MDL is 0.2 nCi/1.
4. Drinking water is monitored for major population centers or near nuclear
facilities. Tritium is measured quarterly. Gamma scan and gross alpha
and gross beta analyses are performed on annual composites. An annual test
is also run on selected samples for Pu-238, Pu-239, U-234, U-235 and U-238.
MDL is 0.015 pCi/sample. Specific iodine-131 analysis is performed on one
quarterly sample per year for each station. MDL is 0.4 pCi/1.
* Actual data collection is effectuated by various state and local govern-
ment agencies listed on the following page. EPA is grateful to these agencies
for their assistance.
-------
5. Radon-222 in drinking water is determined by liquid scintillation counting
using a 50-minute count and a 10-ml sample. The limit of detection is
0.16 pCi or 16 pCi/1.
6. External gamma ambient monitoring program (EGAMP) provides a continuous
measurement of ambient gamma exposure rates, including cosmic rays to
evaluate fluctuations in natural background and to provide a means of moni-
toring significant man-made increases in ambient gamma levels. Thermo-
luminescent dosimeters are used for this program. MDL is 1 yR/hr.
7. Pasteurized milk is analyzed monthly for content of the following radio-
isotopes: 1-131, Ba-140 and Cs-137; analysis is also performed for potassium.
In addition there is an annual analysis for Sr-89 and -90. A composite
sample of all states in each region is analyzed quarterly and each individual
sample is monitored in July only.
These data provide a basis for comparison of relatively stable natural
background radiation levels with the fluctuating levels caused by such
sources as nuclear power plants and nuclear tests. Until the Chinese
tests in 1976, reduced fallout had tended to allow a reduction in back-
ground, while new nuclear power plants had been responsible for most of
the increases which appeared. It is these trends which are of primary
interest in the ERAMS study.
The following agencies are responsible for collection of samples:
Albany, New York
Buffalo, New York
New York, New York
Niagara Falls, New York
Ossining, New York
Oswego, New York
Panama Canal
Poughkeepsie, New York
San Juan, Puerto Rico
St. Thomas, Virgin Islands
Syracuse, New York
Trenton, New Jersey
Yaphank, New York
NYSDEC Division of Air Resources and
Radiological Sciences Laboratory,
NYS Dept. of Health
NYS Dept. of Agriculture and Markets
NYC Dept. of Environmental Protection
and Dept. of Health
Niagara County Health Dept.
Westchester County Health Dept.
by municipal collection
Sanitation Division, Panama Canal
Commission
Bureau of Water Resource Development
of the NYC Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Puerto Rico Nuclear Center, Health
Physics Division
Office of Natural Resources Management,
Dept. of Conservation and Cultural Affairs
Onondaga County Health Dept, Division
of Environmental Sanitation
New Jersey Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Radiation Protection
Suffolk County Health Dept.
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DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of a radionuclide in environmental media
are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide is zero,
the net counting results should statistically show a distribution of
negative and positive numbers about zero. This occurs when the back-
ground count is subtracted from a sample which has only background
activity. The present reporting procedure allows all the data to be
reported and evaluated statistically without an arbitrary cutoff of
small or negative numbers. This approach facilitates estimates of bias
in the nuclide analyses and allows better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be exercised
in the interpretation of individual negative values. Obviously, a
negative activity value does not have physical significance. Such
numbers, however, are significant when taken together with other
observations which indicate that the true value of a distribution is
near zero. When an average of several measurements produces a result
less than zero, this indicates a negative bias in the measurement pro-
cedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses have been
reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number is
negative, zero, or positive. Numerical values given are as of sample
collection date.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity measure-
ments is reported, unless the value is below the minimum detectable
level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level, then < minimum detectable
level is reported.
MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the background. A tabulation
of MDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported value for specific analyses is accompanied by a
counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%) confidence interval.
Potassium concentrations are determined by specific activity analyses.
Error terms are therefore reported as counting errors. At the very
low levels characteristic of most ERAMS measurements, counting error
is the greatest contributor to overall error.
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(3) Significant Figures
All reported values are rounded to no more than three significant
figures. If the last digit to be rounded is five or greater than
five, the preceding digit is increased by one, otherwise the pre-
ceding digit is not changed.
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in table on
following page. Smallest increments are sometimes considerably
smaller than minimum detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors
in averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages are calculated along with appropriate error terms. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data including
negative numbers are utilized.
-------
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta
Tritium
Plutonium-238
239
Uranium- 234,
235,238
Radium- 2 26
Strontium-90
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Media
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Milk
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/m3
PCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Water pCi/1
(specific radiochemical
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium-40
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pci/l
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
1 pCi/1
1 pci/l
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pci/l
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
5 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
100 pCi/1
-------
(a) The value in terms of nCi/m^ would be dependent on precipitation (mm)
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
Prefix Definitions
Exponential
Symbol Meaning Expression
m milli - 10~3
u micro - 1CT
_ Q
n nano - 10
p pico - 1CT12
f fento - 10"15
a atto 10~18
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ANALYSIS OF DATA
Airborne particulates: Gross beta analyses were run on filters both in the
field and at the EERF laboratory. The tests at the laboratory revealed
significantly higher readings for samples taken after the September and
November, 1976, Chinese nuclear tests. The readings dropped again in
December to values approaching the former levels. Readings for 1977
through 1979 remained at these levels. Trenton samples showed slightly
elevated readings following the Three Mile Island (TMI) incident.
Precipitation samples: No trends were seen in New York City and Trenton.
A slight decrease in 1979 was evident in the Niagara Falls samples.
Plutonium and uranium in air: New York City, Niagara Falls, and Trenton
are the sampling points in the region. Radionuclide concentration
trends were observed within the stations, but not for the region as a
whole.
Surface water: Tritium levels found in water around the region showed con-
sistently low levels, never exceeding 3.0% of those allowed by the National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations (20,000 pCi/1) and far below the 10 CFR
50 levels of 3,000 pCi/1.
Drinking water: Samples were reasonably consistent in Region II, remaining
at less than or equal to 3 .OS of the National Primary Water Standards for
tritium levels, and at levels well below the allowed values for plutonium
and uranium isotopes. Levels for strontium and radium isotopes were also
well below levels allowed under the Drinking Water Standards.
Pasteurized milk samples: Samples remained consistent through the two-year
period, within statistical error. However, with errors so large (around
+; 100%), it was difficult to detect any trends. By disregarding the error
limits, an increase can be noted following the Chinese nuclear tests.
Levels decreased during 1977 through 1979 to the former values.
The composite sample data for strontium isotopes has been reasonably
consistent throughout Region II over a five-year period. Levels decreased
from higher levels detected immediately following the Chinese nuclear tests
There was no measurable increase in these isotopes as a result of the TMI
incident.
-------
Analysis of Water Samples Under Drinking Water Standards
ERAMS Data
o The EPA drinking water standards, effective June 24, 1977, set the following
maximum levels of radioactivity in drinking water:
Tritium 20,000 pCi/1
Sr-90 8 pCi/1
Sr-89 80 pCi/1
Cs-134 20,000 pCi/1
Cs-137 200 pCi/1
Ba-140 90 pCi/1
Ra-226 and 228 5 pCi/1
o Analysis of the data collected by the ERAMS network during 1977 through 1979
yielded the following information:
Albany drinking water levels were 2% or less of the tritium limits, and
less than 10% of the Sr-90 limit.
Bayside (NJ) surface water tritium levels were less than 2% of the drink-
ing water limit.
New York City drinking water levels were 2% or less of the tritium limit,
and 3% of the Sr-90 limit. Average values for the city were 1.5% of the
tritium limit, and less than 2% of the Sr-90 limit.
Niagara Falls drinking water levels were 2.5% or less of the tritium
limit, and less than 14% of the Sr-90 limit. Average values of the
location never exceeded 2% of the tritium limit, or 13% of the Sr-90
limit.
Ossining surface water samples never exceeded 2% of the tritium drinking
water limit.
Oswego surface water samples never exceeded 2% of the tritium drinking
water limit.
Oyster Creek surface water samples were never in excess 2% of the
tritium drinking water standard.
San Juan drinking water never exceeded 1.5% of the tritium limit, or 1.3%
of the Sr-90 limit.
Syracuse drinking water never exceeded 2.5% of the tritium limit, or 9%
of the Sr-90 limit. Average values for the location were less than 2%
of the tritium limit, and 8% of the Sr-90 limit.
-------
Trenton drinking water levels were 2% of the tritium limit, and 2.5%
of the Sr-90 limit. Average values for the city never exceeded 1.5%
of the tritium limit, and 1% of the Sr-90 limit.
Waretown (NJ) drinking water levels were 3% of the tritium limit, and
less than 12% of the Sr-90 limit.
Average levels in New York State were less than 2% of the tritium limit,
and 7% of the Sr-90 limit.
Average levels in New Jersey were less than 1.5% of the tritium limit,
and 1% of the Sr-90 limit.
10
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Maximum Levels of Radioactivity in
Surface Water and Drinking Water
A. Maximum values for each location
City
Albany (NY)
Bayside (NJ)
New York City
Niagara Falls (NY)
Ossining (NY)
Oswego (NY)
Oyster Creek (NJ)
Poughkeepsie (NY)
San Juan (PR)
Syracuse (NY)
Trenton (NJ)
Waretown (NJ)
Surface Water % of 10 CFR 50 Drinking Water % of DWS*
0.3 nCi/1
«1
H-3 0.4 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.6 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
H-3 0.4 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.2 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
H-3 0.5 nCi/1
Sr-90 1.1 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
0.4 nCi/1
0.6 nCi/1
0.3 nCi/1
0.5 nCi/1
H-3 0.3 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.1 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
H-3 0.5 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.7 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
H-3 0.4 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.2 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
H-3 0.6 nCi/1
Sr-90 0.1 pCi/1
Ra-226 NA
2.0
7.5
1.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
13.8
2.0
3.0
1.5
2.5
1.5
1.3
2.5
8.8
2.0
2.5
3.0
11.3
B. Drinking Water averages for 1978-1979 period in New York and New Jersey
Average for New York State locations
Average for New Jersey locations
H-3 0.34 nCi/1 1.7
Sr-90 0.56 pCi/1 7.0
H-3 0.29 nCi/1 1.5
Sr-90 0.025pCi/l 0.3
* Drinking Water Standards:
H-3
Sr-90
Ra-226
20,000 pCi/litre
8 pCi/litre
5 pCi/litre
Note: 1 nanoCurie/litre = 1000 picoCuries/litre
11
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Appendix I
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ANCON, PANAMA CANAL
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + e)
1977
1978
1979
1st
0.4
0.2
0.2
Quarter
+ 0.2
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
2nd
0.2
0.3
0.2
Quarter
+ 0.2
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
3rd
0.1
0.2
0.2
Quarter
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
+ 0.2
4th
0.3
0.2
0.3
Quarter
+_ 0.2
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Solids
Annual Drinking Water
6/8/77
6/3/78
3/28/79
(mg/1)
188.0
84.2
80.6
Gross Beta
(pCi/1 +_ e)
<1.0 + 1.0
1.2 +_ 0.9
<1.0 + 1.0
Sr-90
Alpha and Gamma
(pCi/1 +_ e) (pCi/1 +_ e)
-0.1 +_ 0.1 Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: NA
-0.5 +_ 2.2 Alpha: <2.0 + 2.0
Gamma: ND
0.2 +_ 0.9 Alpha: <2.0 -+ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
5/8/77
1/25/78
1979
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Concentration
(pCi/1 +_ e)
0.2 +_ 0.2
-0.02 +_ 0.1
NS
NA: No analysis
ND: No detectable levels
NS: No sample
13
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ALBANY, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
First Quarter
1977 0.3 ± 0.2
1978 0.2 ± 0.2
1979 0.4 ± 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Solids
(mg/1)
6-08-77 68.0
7-18-78 85.8
4-4-79 75.8
Description of Analysis:
Date
Collected
7-5-77
4-3-78
1-2-79
ND: No Detectable
(nCi/1 ± e)
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2
0.2 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2
0.3 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2
Annual Drinking Water
Gross Beta Sr-90 Alpha and Gamma
(pCi/1) (pCi/1) (pCi/1)
1.1 ± 1.0 0.8 ± 2.9 . <2.0 ± 2.0
1.0 ± 0.9 0.4±0.4 Alpha: <2.0 ± 2.0
Gamma : ND
1.1 ± 0.8 0.6±0.9 Alpha: <2.0 ± 2.0
Gamma : ND
Iodine-131 Concentration
in Drinking Water
(Annual Analysis)
Concentration
(pCi/1 ± e)
0.1 ± 0.2
0.01 ± 0.01
0.3 ± 0.1
Levels
nCi/1: nanocuries per liter (10 9 Curies/liter)
pCi/1: picocuries per liter (10~12Curies/liter)
2 sigma counting error
e:
14
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BAYSIDE, NEW JERSEY (on the Delaware River)
Description of Analysis: Annual Gamma Analysis
4-27-77 ND
1978 NA
5-14-79 ND
Surface Water
Description of Analysis:
First Quarter
1977 0.3 ± 0.2
1978 0.3 ± 0.2
1979 0.3 ± 0.2
Surface Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) ± 2 a
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2
0.2 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2
0.3 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2
NA: No Analysis
ND: No gamma activity detectabls
15
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BUFFALO, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Concentrations of Radionuclides in
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Pasteurized Milk Samples**
K-40 (g/1)
1977
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
50+0.
59+0.
59+0.
50+0.
54+0.
60+0.
48+0.
50+0.
49+0.
5 +0.
5 +0.
49+0.
Ba-140
12
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
1
1
12
1978
1.
1.
1.
NA
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
66+0
57+0
61+0
53+0
48+0
40+0
42+0
53+0
43+0
52+0
37+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
1979
NDP
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.59+0
.44+0
.60+0
.45+0
.41+0
.45+0
.40+0
.43+0
.46+0
.52+0
.36+0
.12*
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.88
.12
(pCi/1)
1977
2
2
5
1
5
6
-6
8
6
12
5
7
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 10
+ 8
+ 8
1978
1
6
-2
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
1979
NDP
0
NA
-5
-4
8
2
10
1
-2
0
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
.5 +
3 +
-4 +_
1 +
-3 +
-6 +
-6 +
2 +
1 +
-4 +
3 +
8*
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
Cs-137
1977
0
9
11
2
4
3
6
1
3
8
9
5
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
1-131
1977
6
8
1
0
-1
-3
-1
-1
-3
25
7
-5
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 11
+ 7
+ 7
(pCi/1)
1978
16 + 7
11 + 7
12 + 7
NA
5 + 7
1 + 7
6 + 7
2 + 7
2 + 7
2 + 7
5 + 7
1 + 7
(pCi/1)
1978
9 + 7
2 + 7
5 + 7
NA
3 + 7
0 + 7
-1 + 7
-3 + 7
8 + 7
-3 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
1979
NDP
1+7*
5 +_ 7
9 + 7
4 +_ 7
2 +_ 7
2 +_ 7
3 +_ 7
5 +_ 7
2 ± 7
2 +_ 5
-1 + 7
1979
NDP
3.5 +_ 7*
6 + 7
2.0 +_ 7
0.0 + 7
-6 + 7
+_ 7
+_ 7
2 +_ 7
2 + 7
5 + 5
2
6
0 + 7
NDP:
NA:
**
No Data Provided for this month.
No Analysis
Prior to 1978, these milk samples were collected at Niagara Falls,
New York.
Average of two sampling values.-
16
-------
CRISTOBAL, PANAMA CANAL
Description of Analysis:
Concentration of Radionuclides in
Pasteurized Milk Samples
Month
K-40 (g/1 + e)
1977 1978
1979
Cs-137 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.60+0
1.62+0
1.55+0
1.52+0
1.52+0
1.46+0
1.54+0
1.64+0
1.51+0
1.6 +0
1.6+0
1.6+0
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12*
.1 *
.1
.12
1.64+0.
1.52+0.
1.41+0.
1.51+0.
1.60+0.
1.43+0.
1.59+0.
1.44+0.
1.63+0.
1.54+0.
1.51+0.
1.44+0.
13
12
12
12
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
12*
1.60+0.
1.42+0.
1.50+0.
NS
1.20+0.
1.48+0.
1.55+0.
1.28+0.
1.34+0.
1.43+0.
1.45+0.
1.51+0.
13*
12
12
21
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
40
17
26
28
25
33
5
21
17
22
x9
15
+ 9
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 7
+ 8
+ 8*
+ 8*
+ 7
+ 7
18
23
13
20
13
20
20
14
10
23
19
15
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 15
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7*
14 + 8*
21 + 7
7 + 7
NS
17 + 15
13 + 7
18 + 7
0+7
13 + 7
20 + 7
11 + 7
9 + 7
Ba-140 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
1-131 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
8 +
1 +
3 +
-6 +
1 +
4 +
-3 +_
-1 +
5 +
20 +
0 +
4 +
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9*
11*
0
8
2 + 9
1 + 8
1 + 8
-2 + 8
-6 + 8
0 + 8
4 + 20
2 + 8
-3 + 8
-5 + 8
2 + 8
-3 + 8*
3 +
-1 +
-8 +
NS
4 +
-4 +
-6 +
0 +
-4 +
-2 +
-4 +
-2 +
9*
8
8
20
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
-1
-4
31
5
3
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7*
+ 11*
+ 7
+ 7
8
4
2
0
3
2
9
1
2
-1
3
2
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 13
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7*
1 +
0 +
1 +
NS
0 +
3 +
-1 +
-4 +
2 +
1 +
5 +
5 +
8
7
7
13
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
Average of two or more samples collected during this month in response
to the Chinese nuclear detonation on December 14, 1978 or September 17,
1977.
Description of Analysis:
Year
1977
1978
1979
Strontium-90 and Strontium-89
in Pasteurized Milk (pCi/1 + e)
90
Sr
89
Sr
-2.6 +_ 1.8
1.3 +_ 0.9
NS
3 + 5
0 +_ 5
NS
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Average Gross Beta Measurements - Airborne
Particulates(pCi/m of air at STP)
1977
5-hr
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Augus t
September
October
November
December
Description of Analysis:
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1977
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
NS
NS
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
EERF
Field Test Lab
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
TI
NS
0.7 0.01
0.6 0.28
0.1 0.07
0.1 0.03
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
+_ 0.2
+ 0.2
1978
5-hr EERF
Field Test Lab
NS NS
0.1 0.06
0.3 0.45
0.2 0.12
0.1 0.07
0.2 0.09
0.2 0.09
0.2 0.04
0.2 0.03
0.2 0.02
0.2 0.03
0.2 0.03
1979
5-hr
Field Test
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
EERF
Lab
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
Precipitation Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + e)
1978
0.2 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
1979
0.2 + 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
NS: No sample
TI: Temporarily inoperable
18
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Plutonium and Uranium
in Airborne Particulates
Quarter
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
July-Sept.
Oct.-Dec.
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
'18
'78
'78
'78
r79
'79
238
- Pu .
aCi/m3+e
July-Sept.r79
4.8
2..0
3.0
4.8
3.2
3.9
6.8
1,0
0,5
0.5
1.8
1.4
1.4
2.2
239Pu
aCi/m ±e
40.6
41.0
33.4
9.7
11.3
18.7
9.8
3.3
3.0
2.2
2.2
2.5
3.4
2.4
239pu/238pu
Ratio +e
.5
.5
.1
8.
20.
11.
2.0
3.5
4.8
1.4
1.9
5.3
-2.0
0.9
1.7
2.0
0.6
234r
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
July-Sept.
Oct.-Dec.
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
'78
'78
'78
'78
'79
'79
aCi/m3+e
July-Sept.'79
43.8
17.8
25.3
21.4
31.6
25.1
18.2
4.4
2.1
1.8
4.1
5.7
4.3
3.5
aCi/m3+e
3.8
1.1
2.3
1.9
1.5
1.7
1.0"
1.7
0.4
0.4
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.6
238u
aCi/m3
38.8
16.5
24.8
22.4
33.0
26.0
16.3
±e
3.9
2.1
1-7
~4.2
5.9
4.5
3.2
Plutonium ratios are calculated on unrounded raw values.
The Pu and Pu concentrations reported in this table have been
rounded.
TI: Temporarily inoperable
e: 2 sigma counting error
aCi: attocuries (10^18 Curies)
19
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
First Quarter
1977 NS
1978 0.2 + 0.2
1979 NA
Description of Analysis:
Date Solids
(mg/1)
6-8-77 52.0
7-18-78 56.2
4-4-79 57.4
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
10-21-77
10-13-78
12-28-79
e: 2 sigma counting error
NA: No Analysis
ND: Not Detectable
NS : No Sample Taken
(nCi/1 +_ 2 a)
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
iNS NS 0.4+0.2
,0.2+0.2 NS 0.4+0.2
0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
Annual Drinking Water
Gross Beta Sr-90 Alpha and Gamma
(pCi/1 + e) (pCi/1 +_ e) (pCi/1 +_ e)
<1. 0+1.0 0.2+0.4 Alpha: <2. 0+2.0
Gamma : NA
1.4+0.8 0.1+0.1 Alpha: <2. 0+2.0
Gamma : ND
1.7+1.0 0.2+0.2 Alpha: <2. 0+2.0
~~ Gamma : ND
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Iodine Concentration
(pCi/1 +_ e)
0.2 0.2
0.00
-0.2 0.1
20
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Concentration of Radionuclides in
Pasteurized Milk
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
K-40
1977
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.56+0.13
.59+0.13
.58+0.13
.49+0.12
.49+0.12
.49+0.12
.53+0.12
.42+0.12
.54+0.12
.5 +0.1
.6 +0.1
.53+0.12
(g/i ± e;
1978
1.56+0.
1.52+0.
1.52+0.
NA
1.47+0.
1.47+0.
1.52+0.
1.42+0.
1.44+0.
1.37+0.
1.61+0.
1.56+0.
Samples
I Cs-137 (pCi/1 +
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
Ba-140 (pCi/1 +_
1977
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
NA: No
NDP: No
4
4
5
0
4
6
-2
-3
-1
12
3
0
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+-' 9
± 9
+ 9
+ 8
+ 8
1978
3 + 8
8 + 8
4 + 8
NA
-5 + 8
1 + 8
4 + 8
0+8
-5 + 8
1 + 8
12 + 19
6 + 8
1979
NDP
1.42+0.12
NA
NS
1.44+0.12
1.41+0.12
1.50+0.12
1.39+0.12
1.46+0.12
1.50+0.08
1.51+0.12
1.54+0.08
e)
1979
NDP
8 + 8
NA
NS
5 + 8
-2 + 8
-5 + 8
5 + 8
2 + 8
-1 +_ 6
0 + 8
4 + 6
1977
7 +
8 +
2 +
6 +
1 +
6 +
6 +
6 +
6 +
10 +
7 +
11 +
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1-131
1977
4 +
4 +
1 +
1 +
3 +
1 +
-5 +
-4 +
1 +
20 +
8 +
-1 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
9
7
7
1978
14 +
14 +
5 +_
NA
5 +
2 +
4 +
6 +
5 +
5 +
11 +
3 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
15
7
(pCi/1 +_
1978
0 +
5 +
-3 +
NA
5 +
1 +
2 +
1 +
3 +
5 +
7 +
-2 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
. e)
1979
NDP
0 +_
NA
NS
6 +
2 +_"
0 +
4 +
3 +
4 +
2 +
9 +_
e)
1979
NDP
-2 +
NA
NS
-5 +
0 +
2 +
5 +
3 +
6 +
2 +
4 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
analysis
data
provided
for this month.
21
-------
NEW YORK CITY
Description of Analysis:
Date Range
Environmental Gamma Ambient Monitoring
122978
20279
22879
33079
43079
60179
63079
80179
90579
100279
110879
121079
- 20279
- 22879
- 33079
- 43079
- 60179
- 63079
- 80179
- 90579
-100279
-110879
-121079
- 10380
Program
Integrated
6.61
4.72
5.17
5.42
5.82
5.07
6.02
6.13
5.02
6.83
6.27
4.17
Exposure
(mR + e)
4.87
3.93
6.01
5.24
5.14
4.61
6.45
6.22
5.45
4.49
7.16
9.87
Exposure
Rate
(yR/h +_
7.87
7.56
7.19
7.28
7.58
7.29
7.84
7.29
7.75
7.69
8.16
7.24
e)
4.87
3.93
6.01
5.24
5.14
4.61
6.45
6.22
5.45
4.49
7.16
9.87
22
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Average Gross Beta Measurements - Airborne
Particulates(pCi/mJof air at STP)
1977
1978
1979
5-hr
EERF
5-hr
EERF
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Field Test
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.1
Lab
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.10
0.22
0.21
0.15
0.13
0.01
0.25
0.07
0.05
Field Test
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
Lab
0.07
0.07
0.21
0.05
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
Field Test
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
Lab
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
Description of Analysis:
Precipitation Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + e)
Month
1977
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
0.5 + 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
NS
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
0.6 + 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
NS
1978
NS
0.5 +_ 0.2
0.5 +_ 0.2
0.5 +_ 0.2
+ 0.2
1979
0.5
0
+ 0.2
0.4 _
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 +_ 0.2
3 +_ 0.2
+
0.4
0
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3
3
4
2
2
3
4
3
3
+
~+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.3 + 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
NS : No sample taken
23
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Plutonium and Uranium
in Airborne Particulates
Quarter
238
Pu
aCi/m3+e
239
Pu
aCi/m3+e
239^ .238^
Pu/ Pu
Ratio +e
Jan.-Mar. '78
Apr.-June '78
July-Sept.'78
Oct.-Dec. '78
Jan.-Mar. '79
Apr.-June '79
July-Sept.'79
Jan.-Mar. '78
Apr.-June '78
July-Sept.'78
Oct.-Dec. '78
Jan.-Mar. '79
Apr.-June '79
July-Sept.'79
1.9
5.0
9.5
6.1
4.5
3.2
0.4
0.7
1.1
2.2
2.1
1.6
2.5
234u
aCi/m3+e
80.4 5.6
111.0 10.0
111.0 6.7
165.0 22.3
100.4 16.0
97.9 16.8
46.5 7.2
25.5
51.7
36.9
15.9
13.2
16.3
15.1
1.9
3.1
2.8
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
235u
aCi/m
6.6
6.3
7.4
5.2
5.1
4.8
4.1
3+e
1.0
1.4
0.7
1.7
!£f
iTs
1.2
3.3
1.6
0.6
1.1
1.5
2.8
0.6
13.4
10.3
3.9
2.6
2.9
5.2
1.7
238u
aCi/m3+e
75.8 5.3
122.0 10.9
111.0 6.7
170.0 22.9
106.9 16.9
93.1 16.1
42.4 6.7
Plutonioum ratios are calculated on unrounded raw values.
2 oo 239
The Pu and Pu concentrations reported in this table have been
rounded.
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
7-11-77
4-3-78
1-2-79
Iodine-131 in Drinking
Water (Annual Analysis)
Iodine Concentration
(pCi/1 +_ e)
-0.2 0.2
-0.27 0.05
0.0 0.0
24
-------
NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
1977
1978
1979
First Quarter
0.5 + 0.2
0.5 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 +_ e)
Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2 0.5 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Solids
Annual Drinking Water
Gross Beta Sr-90
6/08/77
7/18/78
4/4/79
(mg/1)
340.0
186.0
186.6
(pCi/1)
2.5 + 1.2
2.8 + 1.3
2.3 + 1.0
(pCi/1)
0.6 + 0.3
0.9 + 0.5
1.1 + 0.5
Alpha and Gamma
(pCi/1)
Alpha: 2.0 + 2.0
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
ND:
NS:
e:
Not detectable
No sample taken
2 sigma counting error
25
-------
OSSINING, NEW YORK (Hudson River)
Description of Analysis-.
1977
1978
1979
First Quarter
0.4 +_ 0 .2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Surface Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + 2 a)
Second Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
4/2/77
4/10/78
4/5/79
Surface Water Annual Gamma Analysis
Gamma
(pCi/1 + e)
ND
ND
ND
ND:
No gamma activity detectable
26
-------
OSWEGO, NEW YORK (Lake Ontario)
Description of Analysis:
1977
1978
1979
First Quarter
NS
0.4 + 0.2
0.6 + 0.2
Surface Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 + 2 a)
Second Quarter
0.6 + 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.5 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.5 +_ 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2
0.5 +_ 0.2 0.5 +_ 0.2
0.5 + 0.2 0.5 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
4/4/77
4/12/78
4/17/79
Surface Water Annual Gamma Analysis
Gamma (pCi/1 +_ e)
ND
ND
ND
ND: No detectable levels
NS: No sample taken
27
-------
OYSTER CREEK, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis: Surface Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 +_ e)
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1977 0.2 j- 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
1978 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
1979 0.1 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2
Description of Analysis: Annual Gamma Analysis: Drinking Water
4/28/77 K-40 213 +_ 81 pCi/1
4/01/78 K-40 174 +_ 45 pCi/1
5/04/79 K-40 115 + 77 pCi/1
28
-------
POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK (Hudson River)
Description of Analysis: Surface Water Tritium Concentration (nCi/1 + e]
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1977 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
1978 0.4 +_ 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2
1979 0.4 + 0.2 0.5 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2 0.4 + 0.2
Description of Analysis: Surface Water Annual Gamma Analysis
Date Collected Gamma (pCi/1 +_ e)
4/6/77 ND
4/5/78 ND
4/5/79 ND
29
-------
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
Description of Analysis: Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1 +_ e)
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1977 0.2 +_ 0.2 0.2 + 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.3 +_ 0.2
1978 0.3 +_ 0.2 0.1 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2
1979 0.3+0.2 NS NS NS
Description of Analysis: Annual Drinking Water
Date Solids Gross Beta Sr-90 Alpha and Gamma
(mg/1)
6/08/77 344.0
7/31/78 243.4 _ _ _
Gamma: ND
4/5/79 210.4 2.8 +_ 1.0 0.1 +_ 0.1 Alpha: <2.0 + 2.0
Gamma: ND
NA: No analysis
ND: Not detectable
NS: No sample taken
Description of Analysis: Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Date Collected Concentration (pCi/1 +_ e]
10/5/77 - 0.1 ± 0.2
1/9/79 - 0.34 £ 0.09
(sample for 1978)
No further sample taken in 1979.
(pCi/1 + e)
1.9 + 1.1
2.9 + 1.2
(pCi/1 +_ e)
0.3 + 0.5
0.1 + 0.2
(pCi/1 +_ e)
ND
Alpha: <2.0 + 2
30
-------
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
Description of Analysis:
Concentration of Radionuclides in
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Pasteurized Milk
K-40 (g/1 + e
1977 1978
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
48+0
78+0
73+0
61+0
56+0
55+0
53+0
47+0
56+0
5 +0
6 +0
54+0
.12
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.1
.1
.12
Ba-140
1977
0
4
2
3
1
4
1
3
0
6
6
9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
1.52+0
1.49+0
1.55+0
NA
1.53+0
1.52+0
1.39+0
1.42+0
1.43+0
1.40+0
1.50+0
1.30+0
(pCi/1
1978
8 + 8
4 + 8
6 + 8
NA
2 + 8
3 + 8
4 + 8
1 + 8
-3 + 8
2 + 8
-3 + 8
6 + 8
1979
.12
.12 1.
.12 1.
1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
.12 1.
+ e)
NDP
46+0.
43+0.
44+0.
26+0.
47+0.
42+0.
42+0.
40+0.
38+0.
39+0.
37+0.
12
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
22
12
12
Samples
Cs-137 '(pCi/1 + e)
1977 1978 1979
4. +
3 +
0 +
8 +
7 +
4 +
5 +
5 +
7 +
8 +
5 +
10 +
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
13 + 7
10 + 7
9 + 7
NA
4 + 7
10 + 7
1 + 7
7 + 7
8 + 7
7 + 7
7 + 7
9 + 7
1-131 (pCi/1
1979
NDP
-4
1
-1
-2
-7
-4
0
-8
-9
4
-6
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 19
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 19
+ 8
+ 8
1977
4 +
1 +
1 +
-1 +
1 +
2 +
-1 +
2 +
1 +
8 +
0 +
0 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
0
7
1978
-1 + 7
7 + 7
-2 + 7
NA
-2 + 7
-1 + 7
1 + 7
1+7
-3 + 7
-1 + 7
5+7
-1 + 7
NDP
5
4
9
4
2
3
5
7
5
5
3
+ e)
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 15
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 15
+ 7
+ 7
1
1979
NDP
1
-1
0
3
4
2
6
1
0
3
-1
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 13
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 13
+ 7
+ 7
NA: No analysis
NDP: No data provided for this month.
31
-------
SYRACUSE, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
1977
1978
1979
Description
Date
7/08/77
First Quarter
NS
0.5 + 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
of Analysis:
Solids
(mg/1) .
192.0
(nCi/1 +_ e)
Second Quarter Third
NS
0.4 + 0.2
NS
Annual Drinking
Gross Beta
(pCi/1 +_ e)
2.4 + 1.1
0.1 +_
NS
0.3 +_
Water
SR-90
(pCi/1 +
0.9 + 0.5
Quarter Fourth
0.2 0.5 + 0
0.4 +_ 0
0.2 0.5 + 0
Alpha & Gamma
e) (pCi/1 e)
Alpha: ND
Quarter
.2
.2
.2
7/21/78
4/04/79
130.4
113.8
3.1 + 1.0
1.5 + 1.1
Gamma: NA
0.5 +_ 0.4 Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
0.7 +_ 0.5 Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Description of Analysis: Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Date Collected Concentration
9/28/77
1/25/78
8/10/79
(pCi/1 +_ e)
1.3 ± 0.2
-0.04 ± 0.01
0.2 ± 0.1
ND: Not detectable
NA: No analysis
NS: No sample
32
-------
SYRACUSE, NEW YORK
Description of Analysis:
Concentration of Radionuclides in
Pasteurized Milk Samples
Month
K-40 (g/1 + e)
1977 1978
1979
Cs-137 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.61+0.
1.55+0.
1.55+0.
1.59+0.
1.56+0.
1.48+0.
1.54+0.
1.44+0.
1.46+0.
1.5 +0.
NS
NS
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
10
1.58+0
1.59+0
1.49+0
NA
1.43+0
1.33+0
1.43+0
1.43+0
1.48+0
1.49+0
1.47+0
1.47+0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
NDP
1.49+0
1.53+0
1.58+0
1.24+0
1.39+0
1.51+0
1.50+0
1.34+0
1.32+0
1.44+0
1.43+0
.12
.22
.12
.21
.12
.12
.22
.08
.12
.12
.08
8 + 8
0 + 8
3 + 8
5 + 7
-3 + 7
4+7
3 + 7
7 + 7
3 + 7
8 +_ 7
NS
NS
12
7
9
NA
5
4
5
7
6
4
4
2
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
+ 7
NDP
4
8
4
-7
0
5
8
4
6
2
3
+ 7
+ 15
+ 7
+ 14
+ 7
+ 7
+ 15
+ 5
+ 7
+ 7
+ 5
Ba-140 (pC/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
1-131 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
4 + 9
6 + 9
-1 + 9
4 + 9
6 + 9
2 + 9
-1 + 9
3 + 9
1 + 9
10 +_ 9
NS
NS
4 + 8
6 + 8
2 + 8
NA
-5 + 8
3 + 8
0 +_ 8
0 + 8
5 + 8
-3 + 8
4 + 8
0 + 8
NDP
5 + 8
-2 + 20
-6 + 8
-8 + 19
-2 + 8
-5 +_ 8
11 + 20
-3 + 6
3 + 8
4 + 8
-3 + 6
1 + 7
5 + 7
6 + 7
-2 + 7
1 + 7
0 + 7
1+7
-4 + 7
2 + 8
21.+ 8
NS
NS
-2 + 7
0 + 7
-1 + 7
NA
5 + 7
-3 + 7
3 + 7
4 + 7
5 + 7
2 + 7
10+7
4 + 7
NDP
6 + 7
0 + 13
2 + 7
-4 + 13
0 + 7
-4 + 7
13 + 13
6 + 5
3 + 7
7 + 7
4 + 5
NS: No sample
NA: No analysis
NDP: No data provided this month
33
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
1977
Average Gross Beta Measurements - Airborne
Particulates (pCi/m-3 of air at STP)
1978
1979
5-hr
EERF
5-hr
EERF
5-hr
EERF
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Field Test
NS
NS
NS
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.8
1.0
0.1
0.1
Lab
NS
NS
NS
0.09
0.15
0.17
0.14
0.09
0.01
0.20
0.06
0.05
Field Test
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.6
Lab
0.06
0.08
0.45
0.12
0.07
0.10
0.08
0.04
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
Field Test
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
Lab
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
NS: No sample taken
34
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Plutonium and Uranium
in Airborne Particulates
Quarter
238
Pu
aCi/m3+e
239
Pu
aCi/m +e
239 .238
Pu/ pu
Ratio +e
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
July-Sept
Oct.-Dec.
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
'78
'78
'78
'78
'79
'79
July-Sept.'79
1.5
1.7
17.2
3.5
2.7
6.7
7.8
0.5
0.5
2.5
2.1
4.8
2.7
2.7
36.1
34.0
47.8
12.0
14.0
24.7
12.1
2.9
2.6
4.5
2.9
5.4
5.1
2.9
24.1
20.2
2.8
3.5
5.2
3.7
1.6
8.7
6.1
0.5
2.2
9.5
1.7
0.7
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
July-Sept.
Oct.-Dec.
Jan.-Mar.
Apr.-June
July-Sept.
'78
'78
'78
'78
'79
'79
'79
234u
aCi/m3+e
38.7
16.6
20.1
24.5
26.2
25.0
21.5
3.0
2.3
2.8
4.3
7.6
5.3
4.6
235u
aCi/m +e
3.4
2.4
2.4
2.2
3.1
2.3
4.0
1.2
0.8
0.8
1.0
2.3
1.2
1.5
238u
aCi/m3+e
32.7
17.6
21.2
20.1
34.4
23.0
16.4
4.3
2.4
3.0
3.8
9.1
4.9
3.7
Plutonium ratios are calculated on unrounded raw values.
238 239
The Pu and Pu concentrations reported in this table have been
rounded.
35
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
NS: No sample
Precipitation Tritium Concentration
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
3
3
3
3
5
1978
nCi/1 + e
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1979
nCi/1 + e
.3
.6
.4
.1
.3
.3
.2
.2
.3
.3
.2
.4
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Description of Analysis:
Annual Plutonium and Uranium Analysis
of Selected Drinking Water Composite
Year
1977
1978
238
Pu
pCi/1 + e
0.013 0.005
0.005 0.009
Sample.^
Pu
pCi/1 + e
0.025 0.008
0.006 0.004
iJ*Pu
pCi/1 + e
0.021 0.008
0.031 0.009
235u
pCi/1 + e
0.003 0.003
0.002 0.002
238
pCi/1
0.013
0.013
U
+ e
0.006
0.005
The minimum detectable limit is 0-015 pCi/ sample, for each individual isotope.
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
10-18-77
4-24-78
7-18-79
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Concentration CpCi/1 +_ e)
0.8 +_ 0.2
0.11 + 0.02
0.00 + 0.1
36
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + e
1977
1978
1979
First Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.4 + 0.2
Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2 0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2 0.4 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2 0.3 + 0.2
Inscription of Analysis:
Annual Drinking Water
Date
6-08-77
7-18-78
4-03-79
Solids
(mg/1)
178.0
135.4
118.8
Gross Beta
pCi/1 +_ e
1.5 +_ 1.0
1.9 +_ 1.0
2.3 + 1.0
Sr-90
pCi/1 +_ e
0.6 +_ 0.9
0.2 +_ 0.2
-0.2 + 0.3
Alpha and Gamma
pCi/1 +_ e
Alpha: ND
Gamma: NA
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
NA: No analysis
ND: Not detectable
37
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Concentration of Radionuclides in
Pasteurized Milk Samples
Month
K-40 (g/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
Cs-137 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1977 1978 1979
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
60+0.
57+0.
49+0.
56+0.
49+0.
53+0.
45+0.
50+0.
55+0.
5 +0.
4 +0.
58+0.
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
10
10
12
1.55+0.12
1.54+0.12
1.48+0.12
NS
1.48+0.12
1.45+0.12
1.44+0.12
1.37+0.12
1.48+0.12
1.39+0.12
1.55+0.12
1.43+0.12
Ba-140 (pCi/1
1977
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
NS: NO
NDP: NO
2
7
4
2
-1
5
-6
3
1
8
3
2
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 9
+ 8
+ 8
1978
10 + 8
6 + 8
8 + 8
NS
-3 + 8
3 + 8
-3 + 8
9 + 8
9 + 8
7 + 8
-1 + 8
1 + 8
NDP
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
+
50+0.12
49+0.12
25+0.21
47+0.12
48+0.12
45+0.12
40+0.12
47+0.12
45+0.08
48+0.12
51+0.12
e)
1979
NDP
0
2
-4
0
-1
3
-5
3
0
-2
0
± 8
+ 8
+ 19
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 8
+ 6
+ 8
+ 8
8 +
7 +
1 +
1 +
8 +_
0 +
6 +
10 +
6 +
11 +
7 +
7 +
1977
2 +
3 +
-3 +
3 +
-1 +
3 +
1 +
3 +
NS
3 +
2 +
-2 +
8
8
8
7
8
7
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
12 +
11 +
5 +_
NS
6 +
11 +
7 +
9 +
7 +
9 +
7 +
4 +
1-131
1978
-3 +
7 +
2 +
NS
1 +
-7 +
0 +
6 +
-1 +
4 +
7 +
1 +
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
NDP
1 + 7
2 + 7
-8 + 14
6 + 7
4 + 7
1 + 7
3 + 7
2 + 7
3 + 5
4 + 7
11 + 7
(pCi/1 +_ e)
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1979
NDP
-4 + 7
2 + 7
-4 + 13
-1 + 7
0 + 7
3 + 7
6 + 7
3 + 7
4 + 5
-7 + 7
2 + 7
sample taken
data
provided
for this month
38
-------
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Environmental Gamma Ambient Monitoring
Date Range
120178
10279
20179
30279
33179
50279
60179
70279
80179
83179
100179
110179
120479
123179
- 10279
- 20179
- 30279
- 33179
- 50279
- 60179
- 70279
- 80179
- 83179
-100179
-110179
-120479
-123179
- 20180
Program
Integrated
Exposure
(mR +_ e)
8.25
7.24
6.68
6.77
7.92
0.00
8.15
7.51
7.59
7.89
7.90
00.00
6.57
7.63
3.59
4.67
4.68
6.05
6.83
0.00
9.62
4.62
4.90
3.62
4.58
0.00
7.87
4.42
Exposure
Rate
(yR/h +_ e)
10.74
10.06
9.59
9.73
10.31
0.00
10.96
10.43
10.54
10.61
10.62
00.00
10.14
9.94
3.59
4.67
4.68
6.05
6.83
0.00
9.62
4.62
4.90
3.62
4.58
0.00
7-87>
4.42'
39
-------
WARETOWN, NEW JERSEY
Description of Analysis:
Drinking Water Tritium Concentration
(nCi/1) + e
1977
1978
1979
First Quarter
0.3 + 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Second Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.3 + 0.2
Third Quarter
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.2 + 0.2
Fourth Quarter
0.3 +_ 0.2
0.2 +_ 0.2
0.6 + 0.2
Description of Analysis:
Annual Drinking Water
Date
6-08-77
7-10-78
4-03-79
Solids
mg/1
226.0
95.8
86.0
Gross Beta
pCi/1 +_ e
4.6 +_ 1.2
1.2 + 1.0
3.3 + 1.0
Sr-90
pCi/1 + e
-0.5 +_ 0.4
0.1 + 0.3
0.0 + 0.1
Ra-226
pCi/1 +_ e
0.9 + 0.04
NA
NA
Alpha and Gamma
pCi/1 +_ e
Alpha: 2.8 +_ 1.4
Gamma: ND
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Alpha: <2.0 +_ 2.0
Gamma: ND
Description of Analysis:
Date Collected
7-07-77
3-30-78
10-11-79
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
Concentration (pCi/1 + e)
-0.5 0.2
-0.10 0.02
-0.1 0.1
ND: No detectable
NA: No analysis
40
-------
Appendix II
-------
1
0
2
3
2
+ 5
+ 5
+ 5'
+ 5
+ 5
2
0
2
-1
-1
+
+
+
+
+
5
5
5
5
5
0
0
-5
0
-1
+
+
+
+
+
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
3
2
1
.1
.2
.4
.7
.4
+ 1.
+ 1.
+ 1.
+ 0.
+ 0.
2
2
0
8
6
2
4
4
4
2
.1
.8
.2
.4
.2
+
+
+
+
+
0
1
1
1
1
.6
.3
.0
.4
.2
3
4
7
3
1
.2
.6
.9
.7
.6
+
+
+
+
+
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.2
l.'l
PASTEURIZED MILK - REGION II
Sr-89 and Sr-90 in Pasteurized Milk
Annual Report
Sr-89 (pCi/1 +_ e) Sr-90 (pCi/1 +_ e)
1971 1978 1979 1977 1978 1979
Buffalo*
Trenton
New York City
Niagara Falls
Syracuse
San Juan
* Prior to 1978, these samples were collected at Niagara Falls.
Quarterly Composites**
Date Sr-89 Sr-90
January 1977 ^ -1 ± 5 3.7 +_ 1.2
April 1977 ' 0 +_ 5 4.0 +_ 1.3
October 1977 NS NS
January 1978 2 + 5 3.0 +_ 0.8
April 1978 0 +_ 5 3.7 +_ 1.1
October 1978 0+5 3.4+1.1
January 1979 !±5 3.4 +_ 1.1
April 1978 2 + 5 2.9 + 0.9
October 1978 0+5 3.3+1.1
Note: Measurements in pCi/1 +_ 2 sigma counting error
** July samples comprise the Annual Composite Report.
42
-------
Appendix III
-------
Rn/Water
NEW JERSEY
Location
Bordontown
Burlington
Denville
Denville
Deptford
East Windsor
Fairfield
Freehold
Gibbstown
Hamilton Township
Mahwah Township
Manvilie
Moorestown
Old Bridge
Paulsboro
Pompton Lakes
Thorofare
Toms River
Wi11iams town
Type
Public Supply
Radon-222
Cone (pCi/l)+ 2 g
1342 +_ 24%
1391 +_ 24%
419 +_ 22%
649 + 12%
1550 + 17%
206 + 37%
210 + 41%
74 +_ 115%
366 + 25%
283 +_ 27%
265 + 33%
2542 +_ 5%
1220 +_ 20%
ND*
333 +_ 28%
119 +_ 30%
1507 + 20%
251 +_ 31%
387 + 23%
Population
Served
Greater than 10,000
Unavailable
5,000 - 10,000
Unavailable
Greater than 10,000
Unavailable
5,000 - 10,000
Unavailable
Greater than 10,000
Unavailable
5,000 - 10,000
* Not detectable
44
-------
Location
Almond
Baldwinsville
Batavia
Bergan
Clinton
Clyde
Conklin
Dunkirk
Endicott
Jamesvilie
Lyons
Montgomery
Munnsville
Clean
Oswego
Pittsford
Saratoga Spa
Southfields
Suffern
Van Hornesville
Vestal
West Chili
Type
Public Supply
Private Well
Public Supply
Spring Water
Private Well
Public Supply
Rn/Water
NEW YORK
Radon-222
Cone (pCi/1) + 2
ly 502 +
109 +
256 +_
478 +
101 +
71 -f
952 +
ND
696 +
ND
ND
1 477 +
ly 47 +
357 +
ND
ND
,r 248 +
1 4,468 +
ily 459 +
131 +_
339 +
ND
13%
107%
37%
20%
40%
196%
11%
14%
12%
86%
24%
25%
2%
11%
33%
24%
Population
a Served
100-1,000
5,000-10,000
Greater than 10
1,000-5,000
1,000-5,000
1,000-5,000
Less than 10,000
100-1,000
Greater than 10 ,
100-1,000
1,000-5,000
NA
Less than 100
Greater than 10,
Greater than 10,
1,000-5,000
NA
Less than 100
5,000-10,000
Less than 100
5,000-10,000
Less than 100
,000
000
000
000
ND: No detectable
NA: Not available
45
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. -^ "
EPA 902/4-30-003
4. TITLE ANO SUBTITLE
Region II 1978-79 ERAMS
Data Report
Summary
7. AUTHOR(S)
J. Feldman, P. Mathews-iMusumeci
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME ANO ADO
U.S. Environmental Protectic
Region II Radiation Branch
26 Federal Plaza
New York, N.Y. 10278
RESS
m Agency
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Same as #9
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
5. REPORT DATE
Or-f-nho-r 1QSO
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
1 1. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT ANO PERIOD COVERED
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
15. ABSTRACT
This report contains data obtained from the Region II ERAMS stations
during 1978 and 1979. Methods and--procedures of collection and
analysis are described. Data are summarized in table form and analyzed
to determine any changes in the radiological quality of the environment.
Analysis of the data shows that levels of radionuclides were well within
Federal limits for air,- water, and milk. Levels were relatively con-
sistent during the two-year period.
There were no measurable increases in the levels of radionuclides
attributable to the TMI incident.
17- KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a- DESCRIPTORS
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21. .^JO. OF °AGS5
45
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