UWTED STATES E^IVIROWMEKITAL FROTECTSOS^ AGENCY
                           REGION II
                      2® FEDERAL PLAZA
                  NEW YORK, NEW
                       "A computer program
                       for the steady-state
                             quality sinal-
                       tatlorn ©f a stress
                       network"
                                   lolbert S3 Bras£@rs  Gfolsf
                                   Systems Aaalysi®  Ssetiom
                                   Data Systems  Branch
                                    (1)
                                       1©M Oreat Lakes
                                               sb Labormts>ry
                                       2300 Washtenaw Avenua

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

-------
\
    UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                               REGION II
                          26 FEDERAL PLAZA
                      NEW YORK, NEW YORK  1OOO7
                           Documentation for
                               SNSIM1/2
                           "A computer program
                           for the steady-state
                           water quality simul-
                           tation of a stream
                           network"
                                       Robert E. Braster, Chief
                                       Steven C. Chapra, (•*•'Environmental Engineer
                                       George A. Nossa, Environmental Engineer
                                       Systems Analysis Section
                                       Data Systems Branch

                                       February, 1975

                                       Fourth Edition
                                        (1) Presently  employed by:
                                           .NOAA.Great Lakes Environmental
                                            Research Laboratory
                                           2300 Washtenaw Avenue
                                           Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104

-------
                           TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                Page

INTRODUCTION	    1

THE SYSTEM:  DEFINITION OF TERMS	    6

THEORY	    8

THE COMPUTER PROGRAM	10

    Flow Chart	11
    Restriction	17
    Input Requirements and Data Description	18

NOMENCLATURE	21

REFERENCES	24


APPENDIX A  (listing of source deck) 	   25

APPENDIX B  (example problem)	32

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	54

-------
INTRODUCTION

-------
     The  formulation  of  a mathematical model  of  any  system  is
greatly determined by two factors:   the  nature of  the  system itself
and  the purposes  and  perspective  of  the  investigator.   The  modeler
must strike  a balance between  objective  reality  and  the subjectivity
of his needs to attain a successful  analysis.  This  problem is further
compounded wben dealing  with the  high complexity of  the natural world.

     One  of.the more  prevalent misconceptions among  neophytes in  the
field of  water quality modeling is that  there is one analytical technique
which is  superior in  depicting the water quality in  a  natural body of
water.  This may  be partially  due to the fact that the field straddles
several more or less  hard sciences and engineering disciplines and as
such can  be  perceived from  a variety of  perspectives.

     For  instance, hydrodynamicists, who are  essentially interested in
the  movement of fluids,  often  tend to emphasize  the  obviously important
effect of water motion on the  transport  of matter in a system.  Ecologists
and  aquatic  biologists on the  other  hand stress  the  equally important
reactions between the community of organisms which populate the system.
The  danger in these or in any  particular approach comes from the automatic
exclusion or underestimation of viewpoints outside the area of expertise of
the  modeler.

     One  of  the older approaches  to  water quality modeling  which rather
effectively  incorporates a  number of perspectives in representing the
causal relationships  of  stream pollution is that of  the sanitary engineering
profession.  Due  to their interest in designing  waste  treatment facilities,
sanitary  engineers were  rather early introduced  to the problems of wastes
and  their impact  on the  environment.  A  classic  study  in this profession
was  that  done by  Streeter and  Phelps^ on the Ohio River  in  1925.

     By making a  variety of simplifying  assumptions  in the  hydrodynamic
and  biological areas,  these investigators arrived at a very utilitarian
approach  to  water quality analysis which still stands  as a  viable technique
for  answering many questions about the relationship  between pollution and
the  aquatic  environment  of  a stream.  In the hydrodynamic area, they
assumed that the  waste load was delivered by a pipe  into a  channel which
could be  described as  having constant geometrical dimensions and constant
flow.  As well it was  assumed  that the pollutant was instantaneously mixed
in the lateral and vertical directions and that  the  simple  continuity
equation, Q=AV, applied.  From the biological standpoint, it was decided
that a chemical parameter upon which most species depend for life, namely,
dissolved oxygen  could be modeled as an  indicator of the health of the
biota.   To do this, they had to use  a measure of the oxygen demand of the
waste,  the biochemical oxygen  demand (BOD), as the input to the system
and  formulated relationships between dissolved oxygen  and BOD in terms
                                 '2

-------
of first order kinetics.  The result is what is now called the
Streeter-Phelps equation which in its basic form is:
         V-
 D =
                  ~K  x/u
x/u ) ] L  +  D  e'Ka x/u
        o     o
(I-D
where:

     D=dissolved oxygen deficit= DOR -DO

   D0s=saturation concentration of dissolved oxygen

    D0=actual concentration of dissolved oxygen

    Lo=initial concentration of BOD at point of introduction of waste

    Do=initial concentration of dissolved oxygen deficit  at  point  of
       introduction of waste

    Kr=BOD removal rate

    Kd=Deoxygenation rate

    Ka=Reaeration rate

     U=stream velocity

     x=distance downstream from point of introduction  of waste
     The result  of the Streeter-Phelps  equation  is  called  the "D.O.
sag" and is illustrated in figure 1-1.
            flow
    STREAM
                                  dlstance
                     Figure 1-1:
 D.O.  sag generated by
 Streeter Phelps  equation

-------
     This environmental model is ideal for the evaluation of various
treatment schemes as its basic control variable is the waste input.
This emphasis on relating man's waste inputs to the aquatic environment
with the express purpose of managing the inputs and thus the water
quality is what typifies the sanitary engineering approach.  This can
be contrasted with an aquatic biologist who might be more interested in
the interraction between the organisms with a mind to prediction and
description rather than control.

     An expanded form of the Streeter-Phelps equation is the basis of the
SNSLM computer program.  SNSIM can be used to formulate a steady-state,
one dimensional, simulation model of a stream network.  It is designed to
evaluate and/or predict the dissolved oxygen, and the carbonaceous and
nitrogenous BOD profiles in a river or stream where the effects of dispersion
can be assumed to be insignificant.

     The stream network consists of a river and its tributaries which are
segmented into sections of constant hydrologic, physical, chemical and
biological parameters.  Loads may be applied pointwise at the ends of the
section or as distributed sources along its length.  A summary of the loads
is given below:

                                 BOD Loads

            Point loads-carbonaceous and/or nitrogenous

                    (e.g., and industrial waste)

            Distributed loads-carbonaceous and/or nitrogenous

                    (e.g., agricultural runoff)

                              P.O. Deficit Loads

            Distributed Loads - Benthal Demand

                              — Photosynthetic Demand

     As well, point sources of both BOD and DO deficit from.minor tributaries
can be input at the ends of a section and background loads of BOD and DO
deficit can be introduced at the system's upstream ends.

-------
     The expanded Streeter-Phelps equation Is then applied to each section
to determine their CBOD, NBOD and DO deficit response to the loadings.  Mass
balances are applied at the function of sections as well as the more complex
junction of the systems tributaries.  In this way the program generates results
for the entire system.

     This documentation consists of a description of the program as well as
its input.  A .listing of both versions of the program (SNSIM1 being compatible
with the IBM 370/155 while SNSIM2 is compatible with the IBM 1130) and an
example problem are included in the appendices.

     As a final note, SNSIM is meant to be used to either furnish insight
into   particular phenomena, or as. a predictive device for use in water
quality planning.  Care must be taken at all times to consider all the
assumptions underlying its formulation and by no means could it ever be
construed to apply to any and every aquatic system or problem.  With this
in mind it is an excellent tool for the use of those interested in applying
rational approaches to the problems of the deterioration of the environment.

-------
The System:  Definition of Terms
 - A REACH is that part of a stream from its source  (furthest upstream
   point of interest) or confluence to the next confluence.  Figure 1
   shows a hypothetical river network.  As can be seen the branches of
   the river are numbered and each is referred to as a "reach".
   A CONFLUENCE is the point at which two or more reaches join.  At
   present, SNSIM allows up to 4 reaches to be joined at a confluence.
   A SECTION is that part of a reach which can be described by constant
   physical, chemical, hydrological and biological characteristics.  An
   example of sectioning is shown in the example problem (Appendix B).
   Each section in a reach may have a waste source and/or minor tributary
   at each of its boundaries.
 - A MINOR TRIBUTARY is one which is not to be described by the model
   but only serves as an input to the system.  "Silverload Run" from the
   example problem in Appendix B is a minor tributary.

-------

FIGURE 1

-------
Theory




      The equations for  the calculation of the distribution of CBOD,


NBOD and  DO  deficit in a Section are as follows:




   CBOD=CBODoexp[-(Kr/u)x]+(CBODd/Kr) (l-expI-(K_r/u)x])*	(1)


   NBOD=NBODQexp[-(K  /u)x] + (NBODd/K ) (l-expI~(K /u)x])	(2)


   D=DQexp [- (Ka/u)x]	(3a)
        ~^ (exp[-(Kr/u)x]-exp[-(Ka/u)x])CBOD0	(3b)
             (exp [- (Kn/u)x]-exp [- (Ka/u)x] )NBOD0	(3c)
         K-(l-exp[-(Ka/u)x])CBOD
                                   d




          Kd
                  (exp [- (Kr /u)x]-exp [- (Ka/u)x] ) CBOD  ................ (3d)
        .     \ TT   >  r L  V.J-*-*- /'-'•/"•J  '—"-f L  \J-^<-t/ *-*y-"-j / VJAVV^J-' .,
        — (l-exp[-(Ka/u)x])NBOD,
        Ka                       d



               (exp[-(Kn/u)x]-expI-(Ka/u)x])NBODd ................. (3e)
       (Ka-Kn)



       (l-exp[-(Ka/u)x])AlSal
                         Ka ....................................... (3f )
     + (l-exp[-(Ka/u)x]).Sb

                         Ka	(3h)
*exp[y]=£

-------
where the elements of the deficit equation are interpreted as follows:

  (3a) point source* of DO deficit and initial value of
             DO deficit

  (3b) deficit due to point source*of CBOD

  (3c) deficit due to point source*of NBOD

  (3d) distributed source of CBOD deficit input with
             no significant addition to river flow

  (3e) distributed source of NBOD deficit input with no
             significant addition to river flow.

  (3f) deficit due to distributed net algal  oxveen oroduction
   (3h) distributed benthal demand effect

     Definitions of  the various terms in the equations can be found in

the nomenclature  (page 19).  For a concise discussion of these equations
                                            2
and stream modelling in general see Thomann.
* Point source in the equation refers to all  input which occurs at
  the upstream end of the  section to which  the  equation applies.  This
  may include effluent point loads, minor tributary  loads,  and all
  input from the downstream ends of the sections directly upstream
  from the section in question.  In other words, the total  point  source
  is the boundary condition at the upstream end of the section.

-------
THE COMPUTER PROGRAM
       10

-------







                              READ "SECTION DATA-
                              WRITE "SECTION DATA"
 §ALL CONVERSION FACTORS, TEMPERATURE CORRECTIONS AND PRELIMINARY CALCULATIONS ARE MADE

 AIL INPUTS TO THE UPSTREAM END OF THE SECTION (WASTE INPUTS, TRIBUTARY INPUTS, INPUTS FROM UPSTREAM
                                 SFLOW = 00
                              DIST = DISI + DELTA
                                    I
I  CALL PBOF [RETURN WITH CBOD (cooo, NBOD (NODC), DOD (DODO CONCENTRATIONS FOR x = DIST]

                                     1
                WRITE DIST, CODC. NODC, (SATURATION CONC OF O7 - OODC)
                                       YES
           STORE DOWNSTREAM CONCENTRATIONS OF SECTION IN ORDER THAT THEY BE
           USED AS INPUT TO THE UPSTREAM END OF THE NEXT SECTION IN THE REACH:
                FLOWI = FLOW; CODI = CODC, NODI = NODC, DODI = DOOC
           S*TORE DOWNSTREAM CONCENTRATIONS OF PREVIOUS REACH SO THEY MAY BE
           USED WHEN COMBINING REACHES AT A CONFLUENCE: CODS (NftECH) = CODI;
             NODS (NRECH) = NODI; DODS (NHECH) = DOOI, FLOWS (NRECH) = FLOWI
       FLOW  CHART  FOR  SNSIM
                       Figure  2
                                  11

-------
 The  Computer Program


 The  program begins  by reading and  writing the name of  the river (TITLE} ,   Then
 the  general data for the initial stream conditions upstream of  the first  section
 are  read.   These are the instream  flow (FLOWI),  the instream carbonaceous demand
 (CODI),  instream nitrogenous demand (NODI),  instream dissolved  oxygen deficit
 (DODI),  the increment size for a section output  (DELTA),  an integer (NDIST)
 representing the reach number of the starting milepoint,  the number of sections
 in the  reach (NSECT), the reach number (NRECH),  the number of tributaries or
 reaches  to  be combined (NTRIB),  the reach numbers  (NT(I),  1=1,2,3,4)  which are
 to be combined,-and the indicator  (NREAR) which  designates if the  reaeration
 rate is  to  be input or computed.  A control  variable IGOR  is also  read, which
 indicates if the stream depth, flow and velocity are to be computed by
 exponential correlation equations  in the form:

                  FLOW(reach)  =  qcoefl*FLOW(gauge)qcoef2  	  (1)

                  DEPTH(section) = hcoef INFLOW (reach) hcoef2	(2)

                  VEL(section) = vcoefl*FLOW(reach)vcoef2	(3)

 where:

       FLOW(gauge)  = stream flow at gauging  station site  (CFS)
       FLOW(reach)  = the average stream flow over  the  reach (CFS)
       QCOEF1 and QCOEF2 = coefficients of correlation for  the  flow at a
             particular reach.
       DEPTH(section) = correlated section depth (ft)
       VEL(section)  = correlated section velocity  (ft/sec.)
       hcoefl, hcoef2,  vcoefl, vcoef2  = correlation coefficients for  depth
             and  velocity respectively.

 The  above correlation coefficients are available from  the U.S.  Geological Survey.
 The  second  option of the control variable IGOR indicates the  stream depth, flow
 and  velocity will be inputted  directly.

 SNSIM is capable  of  stream network simulation.   Each reach must be
 assigned a  reach  integer  (NRECH) between  1 and 10.   At a confluence
 of two reaches,  three reach numbers will  be  required—one for each
 of the 2 reaches  before  the confluence,  and  1 to represent  the  reach
 after confluence.   In this program, only  the data for the combined
 effects will  be  required  to continue computations for the stream
network.  It  is  only necessary to  use  the 3rd reach number  for  further
 computations, once  the program has  read  in data  for the confluence.
The  two reach numbers  representing  reaches before the confluence may
be reassigned elsewhere  in the stream  network.

In Figure 1,  Reach  1 is  the uppermost  reach, and includes all river
 sections from.the source  to the  confluence with  Reach  2.  The data  for
Reach 3 represents  the  combined  effects  of 1 and 2,  so!that Reach
numbers 1 and 2, may now  be used to represent other reaches.  In this
diagram, consecutive reach numbers  are used  (up  to  10) and  at the con-
fluence 'of  Reaches  7 and  10 "1"  is  used  again.   At  this point any of  the
other reach numbers  (besides  7 and 10)  could also have been used.

                                      12

-------
Having read  the initial values,  SNSIM now  tests NTRIB.  For  a  negative
NTRIB the program ends.  Usually NTRIB is  the number  of tributaries  to  be
combined at  a  confluence and  therefore SNSIM enters a do  loop  from 1 to
NTRIB where  the sum of the  flow  (SFLOW), and the  COD,  NOD, and DOD con-
centrations  are computed by a mass balance.  Then control will go to
statement 9.   At an upstream  end of  the system, NTRIB will be  zero,  and
control will also go  to statement 9.   In either case  at statement 9  the
initial instream flow (FLOWI) is converted from cfs to cfd,  and  the  total
distance along a reach  (TDIST) is initialized as  zero or  as  the  distance at
which a previous reach terminated.   SNSIM  then enters a do loop  from 1  to
the number of  sections in the reach  (NSECT).  The do  loop begins by  reading
the section  name  (SNAME), section length (SLGTH), stream  depth (DEPTH), stream
velocity  (VEL), waste or effluent flow at  the head of the section  (FLOWW),
effluent COD (CODW) ,  effluent NOD  (NODW),  effluent D.O. Deficit  (DODW),
tributary flow at the head  of the section  (FLOWT), the ratio of  ultimate to 5-day
BOD (FF), tributary COD (CODT),  tributary  NOD (NODT),  tributary  D.O. Deficit
(DODT), water  temperature (TEMP), carbonaceous BOD decay  rate  (KG),  carbonaceous
BOD deoxygenation rate (KD),  nitrogenous BOD decay rate (KN),  reaeration rate
(KR)*, algal oxygen rate (ALGAL), benthic  oxygen  demand (BENTH), the carbonaceous
(BANKC) and  nitrogenous (BANKN)  bank  loads (agricultural  and storm water runoff)
and the altitude above sea  level (ALT).  The section  distance  is initialized as
zero, and then the saturation constant3  (CS) is computed  from:

     Cs = 14.652 - 0.41022  (TEMP) + 0.007991 (TEMP)2  - .000077774(TEMP)3	(4)

where

                            TEMP  = Temperature in  °C

this is then adjusted for elevation by:^

         Cs  =  Cs *  (1. - .00000687 *  ALT5'29)	(4a)

where

                            ALT = altitude  above sea level in feet     •

The stream velocity is then converted from ft/sec to  ft/day.   The tributary and
effluent flows are converted  to  cfd.   If the tributary flow  is negative (water
being taken  out) then this  amount of  flow  will be subtracted from the incoming
flow.  This  negative  tributary flow is used  for flow  uptakes such as the intake
of a nuclear power plant.

Flow diversions from  the system  are handled by defining reaches  with initial
negative flows.  In this case the diverted flow is subtracted  from the  previously
adjoining reach.  The COD,  NOD and DO deficit of  the  diverted  flow will also be
that of the  previously adjoining reach.  For this diverted reach we  can also
define tributaries and waste  flows as in the rest of  the  stream.
                                      13

-------
 * SNSIM has the option of either directly inputting the reaeration rate or calcu-
 lating it according to the following two functional relationships:
          Kr = aVELb
               DEPTHC
 (5)
 Several investigators have proposed the coefficients for use. in. the, above
 equation:

 INVESTIGATORS                                     a.         b_         c^

 O'Connor and Dobbins (5) 1958
 Churchill, et al., (7) 1962
 Langbein and Durun,(8) 1967
 Owens and Gibbs. C9) 1969

 It  should  be noted that this functional relationship may not be applicable to
 all streams.   For instance,  it was not designed for fast turbulent shallow
 streams.   Therefore it is cautioned that users become familiar  with the
 limitations  of this relationship before assuming that it "applies to the
 stream which is to be modelled.  The second functional relationship defines
 the reaeration rate constant in terms of the rate of energy expenditure in
 a fresh water stream, and is given by Tsivoglou and Wallace (6)  as:
12.90
11.573
7.60
21.65
0.50
0.969
.50
0.67
1.50
1.673
1.33
1.85
                             Kr = c Ah.
                                    tf
C5a)
where  c  is  a  constant of  proportionality designated the "escape  coefficient",
4h  is  the change  in surface water  elevation and tf  is  the time of  travel.
This type of  relationship is independent of the depth  of the  stream,  and
hence  is very useful where the other functional relationships are  limiting.
The range of  numerical values of  the escape coefficient are very small.  In
a study  of  five, rivers with a very wide variety of  stream flows, BOD,  tempera-
ture and Kr;  the  range of individual c values was from .0374/ft  to .0804/ft  at
25° c^).   As a third option, SNSIM offers  the  users this approach to compute
the reaeration rate constant.

                                                                   r\
As well, the following  temperature  correction factors are applied.^

                    KC=KC*1.047**(T-20.)
                    KN=KN*1.08 **(T-20.)
                    KD=KD*1.047**(T-20.)
                BENTH = BENTH *1.065**(T-20.)
                    KR=KR*1.024**(T-20.)

All sectitm- -input data  is  output in a  clearly labelled  form.
                                      14

-------
    The CODW and the NODW are then  convertedfrom Ib/day to mg/1
by a conversion factor:

 CODW(mg/l) = CODW(#/day) * 454000mg/// *3.531 X 10~2ft.3/l *FF	(6)
              FLOWW(cfd)

 CODW(mg/l) = CODW (///day) * 16026.5 mgft3///! *FF	(7)
              FLOWW(cfd)

 NODW(mg/l) = NODW(///day) * 16026.5 mgft3///!	(8)
              FLOWW(cfd)

    The total flow for the section is computed  as the  sum of the instream
(FLOWI), effluent (FLOWW), tributary  (FLOWT), and stored flows (SFLOW).   The
initial COD, NOD, and DOD are computed by  a mass balance, for example:

 COD = (CODI) (FLOWI)+ .(CODW) (FLOWW) + (COPT) (FLOWT)+(COD) (SFLOW) . . . . ..		(9)
                             FLOW

    The carbonaceous and nitrogenous bank  loads are then converted to
compatible units as follows:

 BANKC(mg/l/day) = B ANKC(///mile/day )*VEL(ft/day) * 454000 mg///	(10)
                      FLOW(cfd)*28.32 I/ft35280.ft/mile

 BANKN(mg/l/day) = BANKN*VEL*454000	(11)
                     28.32 * FLOW*5280.

and the benthal demand is:

 BENTH(mg/I/day) = BENTH(gin/M2/day)  * (1000 mg/gm)	(12)
                   28.32  l/ft3*DEPTH(feet)(3.281ft)2/(M)2

                 = BENTH(gm/M2/day)*3.28	(13)
                   DEPTH(feet)

    For output purposes  the flow  (FLOWA) is  converted to cfs including a
correction factor for round-off errors.*  The" actual DvO;'level is computed by
subtracting the D.O. deficit from the saturation constant.  -A variable (DIS)
is defined for output as  equ-al. to the. total  dawji-s.t-ream. distance (TDIST)  + 0.005,
a round-off correction.

*  This round-off correction is only for  computers  (e.. g.  1KB 1130).
  which truncate when outputtihg.

  :.:r The. section number  (I), name  (SNAME),  distance  (DIS),  COD, NOD, DO
level (C) ,  total flow (FLOWA)  and total deficit (DOD), are printed.  The
section (DIST)  and  total (TDIST)  distances are then incremented by DELTA,
and the section distance (DIST) is  tested-against the section length.

    If  the' section  distance  is. greater   than or equal to  the  section length,
the total distance  is redefined.   This  could happen if the distance was
greater than the  section length,  so  the difference between these two  is
subtracted from TDIST.   DIST  is then set equal to the section length, and
DISTN is  defined  from DIST as the section distance  in feet.  PROF is  then
called.

-------
Subroutine PROF

The CALL and SUBROUTINE statements for PROF are:

    CALL PROF (CODC, COD, KG, NODC, NOD, KN, DODC, KR, DOD, DISTN, VEL,

               ALGAL, BENTH, BANKN, BANKC, KD, A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3,

               H3)

SUBROUTINE PROF (EL, ELO, DKC, EN, ENO, DKN, D, R, DO, X, U, ALG, B, WN,
                 WL, DKD, A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3, H3)

Equations (1), (2) and  (3) are computed in PROF with.  (3) being computed
by component and then added to get the total deficit, e.g. equation 3a
would correspond to A3.*  The components are computed separately to aid
in verification.

Returning to SNSIM, the actual DO level is computed based on the calculated
DO deficit and the saturation concentration, and all  computed values are
output in a clearly labeled form.  The corresponding  stream distance is com-
puted and the stream distance covered by SNSIM is checked against the stream
length.  If these two variables are not equal, control returns to statement 1,
and changes in DIST will be computed, along with a new COD, NOD, and D.O.,
until DIST = SLGTH.  Then the total flow becomes the  initial flow for the
next section, and the same changes are also made for  COD, NOD, and DOD.  SNSIM
continues until all sections in the reach have been read in.

The total flows,  distance, and computed COD, NOD, and DOD at the end of the
reach are stored by FLOWS, SDIST, CODS, NODS, and DODS, respectively.  Initial
data is now read in for the next reach, and the process continues until the
system is completed.



* NOTE:   See equation 3 and the nomenclature section for a precise
         definition of the components.
                                 16

-------
RESTRICTIONS

1)  SNSIM is limited to combining a maximum of 4 tributaries at one confluence.
    This limit may be expanded to 9 by changing the dimension statement for NT.
    For more than 9 tributaries at one confluence, a change must be made in the
    stored variables as well.

2)  The number of reaches that may be stored at one time is 10.  This limit may
    be changed by expanding  the dimensions of FLOWS, CODS, DODS, and NODS.

    Additional Comments:

  - When inputting an effluent waste source (CODW, NODW, DODW) the accompanying
    waste flow (FLOWW) must  be input even when it is negligible.

  - When there is no nitrification taking place in a reach, the NBOD removal
    rate constant Kn can not be set equal to zero; a negligible value should be
    used instead.

  — If the user desires to compute the stream inflow, depth and velocity by
    correlation equations in any particular reach, the input values for these
    parameters may be left blank.  The depth and velocity can be correlated to
    a directly inputted reach flow by letting the correlation coefficients of
    the gauge flow equal to  one.

  - Some users have commented that the deficit components shown in the output
    may be misleading.

    The deficit components printed for a section are the components for that
    section..alone and do not reflect the effect of upstream sections.  At the
    end of a section the various components are combined in a mass balance
    with all other deficit sources at that point and input to the next section
    downstream as a boundary condition.  Each individual component is set to
    zero and new components  for the section are computed.
                                     17

-------
INPUT REQUIREMENTS AND DATA DESCRIPTION
Column
Card One:
1-80
Card Two:
1
2-10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-44
45-46
47-48
49-50
51-52
53-60
61-62
63-68
69-74
Variable

TITLE
"Reach Dat;
IGOR
FLOWI
CODI
NODI
DODI
DELTA
NDIST
NSECT
NRECH .-
NTRIB
NT (1-4)
NREAR
ACOEF
BCOEF
                           Description                                     Format



                           River Name                                      20A4



                           CONTROL VARIABLE - ICOR=1                       II
                           indicates that instream flow, Depth and
                           velocity for each section within this reach
                           will be computed by correlation equations
                           (optional "section data card FIVE" will be
                           read).
                           ICOR=0: Inatreaa flow, Depth & velocity will
                           be inputted directly for emeh section within.
                           this reach
                           Instream Flow (CFS)                             F9.0

                           Instream COD (mg/1)                             F10.0

                           Instream NOD (mg/1)                             F10.0

                           Instream D.O. Deficit (mg/1)                    F10.0

                           Section Increment Size (miles)                  F4.0

                           Reach number of starting milepoint              12

                           No. of Sections in Reach                        12

                           Reach Number                                    12

                           No. of Reaches to Combine                       12

                           Reach Numbers to be Combined                    412

                           CONTROL VARIABLE:
                           NREAR=0 indicates that the reaeration rate
                           constant will be computed by the functional     12
                           relationship

                           Ka = aVELb/DEPTH0

                           Reaeration Parameter a                          F6.3

                           Reaeration Parameter b                          F6.3
                                    18

-------
Column
Variable   Description
                                                                       Format
75-80
CCOEF
63-68
ESCOEF
                         Reaeration Parameter c

                         NREAR = -1 indicates that the reaeration
                         rate will be computed by the Tsivoglou and
                         Wallace relationship

                         Ka = C AH/tf

                         Escape Coefficient  at 25 6C  (I/ft)

                         NREAR = 1 indicates the reaeration rate
                         constant will be input directly.

Card Three:  "Section Data"

1-4           SNAME      Section Name

9-16          SLGTH      Section Length (miles)

17-24         DEPTH      Stream Depth (ft)

25-32         VEL        Stream Velocity  (f/s)

33-40         FLOWW      Waste Flow (MGD)

41-48         CODW       Effluent COD (///day)

49-56         NODW       Effluent NOD (///day)

57-64         DODW       Effluent D.O. Deficit (mg/1)

65-72         FLOWT      Minor tributary flow (cfs)

73-80         FF*        Ratio of ultimate to five day BOD

Card Four:

1-6           CODT       Concentration of CBOD in minor tributary
                          (mg/D

7-12          NODT       Concentration of NBOD in minor tributary
                          (mg/D

13-17         DODT,       Concentration of D.O. deficit in minor
                          tributary (mg/1)

18-22         TEMP       Water temperature of section (°C)

23-28         KC         CBOD removal rate (I/day)
                                                                       F6.3
                                                                       F6.3
                                                                       A4

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0

                                                                       F8.0



                                                                       F6.0


                                                                       F6.0


                                                                       F5.0


                                                                       F5.0

                                                                       F6.0
                                   19

-------
Column
29-34
35-40
41-46
47-52
Variable
KD
KN
KR
DELHT**
Description.
Carbonaceous deoxygenation rate (I/day)
NBOD removal rate (I/day)
Reaeration rate (I/day) - optional
Water surface elevation change (ft) -
Format
F6.0
F6.0
F6.0
F6.0
                            optional

53-57         ALGAL***     Algal oxygen rate (mg/l/day)                F5.0

58-62         BENTH        Benthal oxygen demand (gm/M2/day)           F5.0

63-68         BANKC        Uniform CBOD load (#/Mi/day)                F6.0

69-74         BANKN        Uniform NBOD load (#/Mi/day)                F6.0

75-80         ALT          Altitude above sea level (feet)             F6.0


Repeat cards 3 and 4 until NSECT sections have been included in the data deck.

For a new reach begin with card 2.


  * if left blank, the program assumes a value of 1.0

 ** only required if using the Tsivoglou & Wallace relationship to compute
    reaeration rate constant

*** this is equal to the oxygen production rate due to photosynsthesis minus the
    oxygen depletion rate due to respiration of algal.

Card Five:  Optional - must be preceded by ICOR=1 in "Reach" data card

1-10          FLOWG        Gauge flow (CFS)                            F10.0

11-15         QCEFl        Correlation coefficients for instream flow  F5.3
16-20         QCEF2        in the form:                                75.3

                           FLOW(reach)= QCEFl * FLOWG  ft*  QCEF2

21-25         HCEF1        Correlation coefficients for section depth  F5.3
26-30         HCEF2        in the form:                                F5.3

                           DEPTH = HCEF1 * FLOW (reach) ** HCEF2

31-35         VCEF1        Correlation coefficients for stream velo-   F5.3
36-40         VCEF2        city in the form:                           F5.3

                           VEL = VCEF1 * FLOW (reach)  ** VCEF2
                                      20

-------
   VARIABLE NAME
 Program     Other

 ALT         ALT

 A3          Equation 3 a
 ALG

 B3
 BANKC &
  WL

 BANKN &
  WN

 BENTH &
  B

 C3

 CODC &
  EL

 COD  &
  ELO

 cs

 CODW
 CODT


 CODI


 D3



 D &
 DODC

 DELHT

 DEPTH
ALGAL

Equation 3b


CBODd


NBODd


Sb


Equation 3c

CBOD


CBOD
    o


Cs

CODW


CODT


CODI


Equation 3d



D


Equation 5a

DEPTH
         NOMENCLATURE.

DESCRIPTION


Altitude above sea level

Deficit due to point source of
DO deficit and initial value of
DO deficit

Net algal oxygen production rate

Deficit due to point source or
initial value of CBOD

Distributed source of CBOD (as input)
                           (as con-
                            verted)**
Distributed source of NBOD (as input)
                           (as con-
                            verted)**
Benthal oxygen demand      (as input)
                           (as con-
                            verted)**
Deficit due to point source of NBOD

Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen
demand

Point source of CBOD
Saturation value of dissolved oxygen

Point source of CBOD due to a waste
load

Point source of CBOD due to a minor
tributary

Initial point source of CBOD at an
upstream end of the system

Deficit due to distributed source of
CBOD with no significant addition to
river flow

Dissolved oxygen deficit
Change in water surface elevation

Depth of stream
                                                           UNITS*
M/LJ



M/L3/T

M/L3


M/L/T
M/L3/T

M/L/T
M/L3/T

M/L2/T
M/L3/T

M/L3

M/L3


M/L3


M/L3

M/T


M/L3


M/L3


M/L3



M/L3


 L

L
 *M:  mass, L: length,
** :  see page 9
            time
                              21

-------
   VARIABLE NAME
Program

 DIST &
DISTN
  X

DODW
DODT


DODI


DOD &
DO


ESCOE

E3



FF

FLOW

FLOWG

FLOWI


FLOWT

FLOWW

F3


H3

KG &
DKC

KD &
DKD

KN &
DKN

KR &
R
Other

  X



DODW


DODT


DODI


DO


Equation  5a

Equation  3e



FF

FLOW

Equation  1

FLOWI


FLOWT

FLOWW

Equation  3f


Equation  3h

K



K
K
                DESCRIPTION
Distance from an initial point at
which calculations are to be made
Amount of deficit from a point
waste source

Concentration of deficit in a
point source minor tributary

Initial point source of deficit
at the upstream end of the system

Point sources of defictt
Escape coefficient

Deficit due to distributed source of
NBOD with no significant addition to
river flow

Ratio of ultimate to 5-day BOD

Total flow

Reference  gauge  flow

Initial flow at  the head end of.the
system

Flow of a minor  tributary

Flow of a waste  source

Deficit due to distributed net algal
oxygen production

Distributed benthal demand effect

CBOD removal rate


Deoxygenation rate (caused by CBOD)
NBOD removal rate - deoxygenation
rate (NBOD)

Reaeration rate
                                           UNITS*
 M/LJ


 M/L3
 1/L

 M/L3
 L3/T

L3/T

 L3/T


 L3/T

 L3/T

 M/L3


 M/L3

 1/T


 1/T


 1/T


 1/T
                                        22

-------
  VARIABLE NAME
Program

NODC &
EN

NOD  &
ENO

NODW
NODT


NODI


TEMP

VEL
Other

NBOD


NBOD0


NODW


NODT


NODI


TEMP

VEL
                      DESCRIPTION
Nitrogenous Biochemical Oxygen
Demand

Point source of NBOD
                                          UNITS*


                                          M/L3


                                          M/L3
Point source of NBOD due to waste         M/T
load
Point source of NBOD from a minor
tributary

Point source of NBOD from an initial
source at the upstream end of the system

Temperature

Velocity of stream
                                          °C

                                          L/T
                                          23

-------
References
1.  Streeter, H.W. and Phelps, E.B., "A study of the Pollution and
    Natural Purification of the Ohio River, III, Factors Concerned
    in the Phenomena of Oxidation and Reaeration".  U.S. Pub. Health
    Serv., Pub. Health Bulletin No. 146, February 1925, 75 pp.
    Reprinted by U.S., DHEW, PHS, 1958.

2.  Thomann, R.V.:  Systems Analysis and Water Quality Management,
    Environmental Research and Application, Inc., New York, 1971.

3.  "Solubility of Atmospheric Oxygen in Water," Twenty Ninth Progress
    Report of the Committee on San. Engr. Res. of San. Engr. Div.,
    ASCE, Jour. San. Engr. Div., Vol. 86, No. SA4, July 1960 pp 41-53

4.  Hunter, John S. and Ward, John  C. "The Effect of Water Temperature
    and Elevation Upon Aeration" prepared by Nelson, Haley, Patterson
    and Quirk, Inc., Greeley, Colorado for the University of
    Saskatchewan August 22, 1973.

5.  O'Connor, D.J. and Dobbins, W.E. "Mechanism  of Reaeration in
    Natural Streams", Trans. Amer.  Soc. Civil Engrs., Vol. 123,
    1958 p 655

6.  Tsivoglou, E.G. and Wallace, J.R. Characterization of Stream
    Reaeration Capacity prepared by Office of Research and Monitoring,
    USEPA, Washington, D.C., October 1972.

7.  Churchill, M.A., Elmore H.L. and Buckinghan  "The Prediction of
    Stream Reaeration Rates", Jour. San. Eng. Div., A.S.C.E., vol 88, 1962.

8.  Langbien, W.B. and Durum W.H.,  "The Aeration Capacity of Streams",
    U.S.G.S. Circular No. 542, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Washington, D.C.,
    1967.
                                                         s
9.  Owens, M. , Edwards R.W. and Gibbs J.W., "Some Reaeration Studies in
    Streams "An Inter. Jour, of Air and Water Pollution, Vol 8, 1964 p 469.
                                 24

-------
       APPENDIX A






(listing of source deck)
   25

-------
        The  following listing of the source program was written in FORTRAN IV
     for use on the IBM 370/155 computer using a fortran G compiler.

        To modify it so that It can be run on another computer (e-g«  the. IBM
     1130) statements SNSIM055 and SNSIM056 which designate the input and output
     devices may have to be changed.

        As well, if a computer is used which truncates it output *(as opposed
     to round-off which is employed by the IBM 370) the following changes should
     be made:
 Make the following modifications:

   REAL NODI,NODW,NODT,NOD,NODC,KC,KN,KR,NODS(10),KD,NXD,NXDC          SNSIM010
   FLOWA=FLOW/86400.+0.005                                             SNSIM129
14 DIS=TDIST+0.005                                                     SNSIM149

 Remove SNSIM136 and replace it with the following cards:

   CXD=COD+0.005
   NXD=NOD+0.005
   DXD=DOI>f0.005
   S=C+0.005
   WRITE(NX,106)I,SNAME,DIS,CXD,NXD,S,FLOWA,DXD


 Remove SNSIM150 and replace it with the following cards:

   S=C+0.005
   AX=A3+0.005
   BX=B3+0.005
   CX=C3+0.005
   DX=D3+0.005
   EX=E3+0.005
   HX=H3+0.005
   CXDC=CODC+0.005
   NXDC=NODC+0.005
   DXDC=DODC+0.005
   WRITE(NX,105)DIS,CXDC,NXDC,S,AX,BX,CX,DX,EX,F3,HX,DXDC

 Modify 7th card after SNSIM089 to read:

   FLOWA-FLOWI+.005:
 *e.g. IBM 1130
                                        26

-------
                       APPENDIX  A
 THIS  LISTING  OF
 COMPATIBLE  WITH
                SNSIM  HAS  BEEN  DESIGNATED  AS  SNSIM1  AND
                THE  IBM  370/155
                                                       IS
                                                                        iMOoo
                                                                     SNSIM001
                                                                     SNSIM002
                                                                     SNSIM003
                                                                     SNSIM004
                                                                    *SNSIM005
                                                                    *SNSIM006
                                                                    *SNSIM007
                                                                    *SNSIM008
M*******************************************************************SNSIM009
 PROGRAM  SNSIM  IS  A ONE-DIMENSIONAL,
 STREAM NETWORK SIMULATION MODEL.
                                       STEADY-STATE,  STRAIGHT-RUN
   REAL NODI,NODW.NODT,NOD,NODC,»KC,KN,KR,NODSI 10) ,KD
   DIMENSION TITLE(20),FLOWS(10),CODS(10),DODS(10),NT(4),SDIST(10)
33  FORMAT!/,'  INPUT  FOR  SECTION?',A4,//,'    SLGTH  =',F8.3,
  1' MILES', 5X,«DEPTH=',F8.3,'  FEET'.IOX,»VEL=',F8.3,IX,
  2'FPS'/'   FLOWW=',F8.3,'  MGD',  8X,«CODW=',F12.3,IX
  3'LBS/DAY',  4X,'NODW=',F12.3,' LBS/DAY',  4X,'DODW=«,F8.3,1X,
  4'MG/L'/'    FLOWT=',F8.3,«  CFS',  8X,'CODT=',F8.3,'  MG/L',11X,
  l'NODT=',F8.3,'  MG/L',11X,'DODT=',F8.3,«  MG/L')
34FORMATC    ALGAL=», F8.3,'MG/L/DAY     «,23X
  1,6X,»BANKC=»,F8.3,' LBS/MI/DAY',4X,'BANKN=',F8.3,«
                                                    LBS/MI/DAY' / •
                                                                     SNSIM010
                                                                     SNSIM011
                                                                     SNSIM012
                                                                     SNSIM013
                                                                     SNSIM014
                                                                     SNSIM015
                                                                     SNSIM016
                                                                     SNSIM017
                                                                     SNSIM018
                                                                     SNSIM019
  1  FF=»,F6.3,17X, •ALT=»,F8.2,i  FEET1 // f*****************************SNSIM020
6*«******************
                                      REACTION  RATES  AS INPUT  (TEMP
  2 20  C)')
35 FORMAT(  •
  3
  3
  3
36 FORMAT!/,
  4        '
  3
  3
  3
37 FORMAT( •
00
01
02
03
04
             KC=',F8.3,'
            •KD=t,F8.3,»
                           /DAY'tlOXf
                           /DAY«,13X,
              •KN'SFa.Bt1  /DAY«,13X,
              •KR=«,F8.5,»  /DAY1/'    BENTH=« , F7.4,
               REACTION  RATES  AS  CONVERTED (TEMP  =
               KC=',F8.3,•
              •KD=',F8.3,'
              'KN=',F8.3,•
              •KR=',F8.5,'
                         /DAY',10X,
                         /DAY',13X,
                         /DAY',13X,
                         /DAY'/'    BENTH=«,F7.A,
                                                 '  GM/M **2/DAY')
                                                 •tF5.lt'  C)',/
                                                   '  GM/M  **2/DAY')
 =SNSIM022
  SNSIM023
  SNSIM024
  SNSIM025
  SNSIM026
  SNSIM027
  SNSIM028
  SNSIM029
  SNSIM030
  SNSIM031
  SNSIM032
   FORMAT(20A4)
   FORMAT!«1',26X,20A4//)
   FORMAT!lit  F9.0,3F10.0,F4.0,9I2,3F6.0)
   FORMAT(A4,4X,9F8.0/2F6.0,2F5,0,5F6.0,2F5.0,3F6.0)
                                           CBOD
                                              83
                                                  NBOD
                                                  TOTAL'
                                                  C3    D3
DO
                                                                E3
   FORMAT(2X,'SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE
  10W                 DEFICIT COMPONENTS
  2/3X,'NUMBER    NAME  DOWNSTREAM',36X,
  2 F3     H3    DEFICIT')
05 FORMAT(15X,F10.2,3X,3F8.2,8X,
  27F6.2,F9.2)
06 FORMATt/,   I6,6X,A4,  F9.2,3X,4F8.2,41X,F10.2)
07 FORMATl//,'  INPUT FOR  REACH ',I2,//,'
  1         CODI  =',F10.2,' MG/L'/'    NODI =',F10.2,«  MG/L
  2,7X,«DODI =',F10.2,'  MG/L'/'   DELTA =',F10.2,'  MILES
  3 NDIST  =',I5,/,'    NSECT =',I 5,25X,•NTRIB =',I2,/
  4'    NT(1)=',I2,«    NT(2)=',I2,'    NT(3)=',I2,'   NT(4)=',I2
  5,'      NREAR *  ',I2,5X,'ICOR=  »,I2,//)
08 FORMAT(F10.0,6F5.3)
09 FORMAT*//,'  INPUT FOR  REACH ',I2//3X,'CODI =',F10.2,» MG/L',12X,
                                           FLOWI  =SF10.2,'  CFS
  SNSIM034
  SNSIM035
  SNSIM036
  FEB 75
  FEB 75
FLSNSIM039
  SNSIM040
  SNSIM041
  SNSIM042
  SNSIMOA3
  SNSIM044
  SNSIM045
  SNSIM046
 'SNSIM047
  FEB 75
  SNSIM049
  SNSIM050
  MAR 75
  FEB 75
  FEB 75
                                27

-------
                       APPENDIX A


  1«NODI =',F10.2,' MG/L',4X,'DODI =',F10.2,« MG/L1/'   DELTA = ',     FEB  75
  2 F10.2,' MILES',lOX.'NDIST =',I5,/,'   NSECT =«,I5,21X,            FEB  75
  3 'NTRIB =',I2,/,3X,«NT!1)=',I2,«   NT!2)=',I2,«   NT(3)=',12,3X,   FEB  75
  4'NT!4)=»,12,2X,    'NREAR = •, 12,5X,•ICOR =',I2)                    FEB  75
.10 FORMAT!3X,'FLOWI =',F10.2,« CFS1,//)                               FEB  75
.11 FORMAK3X, 'FLOWG =',F8.2,« CFS • ,7X, • QCEF1 =',F6.3,16X,             FEB  75
  1»QCEF2 =',F6.3,/,«   HCEF1 =•,F6.3,13X,'HCEF2 = • ,F6.3,16X'VCEF1=«,FEB  75
  2F6.3,17X,'VCEF2 =',F6.3)                                           FEB  75
12 FORMAT!10X,A4,• SECTION  HAS ZERO REAERATION COEFFICIENT*)         DEC  74
.13 FORMAT!•   ALGAL=«, F8.3,« MG/L/DAY    BANKC=«,F8.3,                FEB  75
  1« LBS/MI/DAY',4X,«BANKN=«,F8.3, • LBS/MI/DAY',4X,•ALT=«,F8.2,IX,   FEB  75
  1'FEET*                                                             FEB  75
  2/,1   FF=',F6.3,17X,'ESCAPE COEF=«,F7.4,' /FT',  6X,'DELTA  HT=«,    FEB  75
  3F7.2,' FEET'//)                                                    FEB  75
.14 FORMAT!'   ALGAL=', F8.3,' MG/L/DAY    BANKC=',F8.3,                FEB  75
  1' LBS/MI/DAY',4X,'BANKN=',F8.3, • LBS/MI/DAY',4X,'ALT=',F8.2,IX,   FEB  75
  1'FEET'                                                             FEB  75
  2/,'   FF=',F6.3,17X,•ACOEF=•,F7.3,16X,»BCOEF=•,F7.3,16X,'CCOEF=•,  FEB  75
  3 F7.3,//)                                                          FEB  75
.34 FORMAT!' ***********#*************#Xe******************#».**********PEB  75
  1*********************************************************    i/f    PEB  75
  2'  REACTION RATES  AS INPUT (TEMP = 20  C)«)                         FEB  75
102 FORMAT!'!•)                                                        SNSIM052
   DO 51 1=1,10                                                       SNSIM053
 51 SDIST(I)=0.0                                                       SNSIMQ54
   MX=5                                                               SNSIM055
   NX=6                                                               SNSIM056
   SFLOW=0.0                                                          SNSIM057
   COD=0.0                                                            SNSIM058
   NOD=0.0                                                            SNSIM059
   DIS=0.                                                             SNSIM060
   DOD=0.0                                                            SNSIM061
   READ!MX,100)TITLE                                                  SNSIM062
   WRITE!NX,101)TITLE                                                SNSIM063
 12 READ!MX,102)ICOR,FLOWI,CODI,NODI,DODI,DELTA,NDIST,NSECT,NRECH,     FEB  75
  1NTRIB,NT,NREAR,ACOEF,BCOEF,CCOEF                  '                 FEB  75
   IF!NSECT)28,11,28                                                  SNSIM066
 28 IF(ICOR)915,915,913                                                FEB  75
>13 WRITE(NX,109)NRECH,CODI,NODI,DODI,DELTA,NDIST,NSECT,NTRIB,NT,      FEB  75
  1NREAR,ICOR                                                         FEB  75
   GO TO 917                                                          FEB  75
>15 WRITE!NX,107)NRECH,FLOW I,COD I,NOD I,DODI,DELTA,NDIST,NSECT,NTRIB,NTFEB  75
  1,NREAR,ICOR                                                        MAR  "?5
)17 IF!NTRIB)11,9,8                                                    FEB  75
  8 DO 10 1=1,NTRIB                                                    SNSIM070
   J=NT(I)                                                            SNSIM071
   SFLOW=SFLOW+FLOWS!J)                                               SNSIM072
   COD=COD+FLOWS(J)*CODS1J)                                           SNSIM073
   NOD=NOD^FLOWS(J)*NODSIJ )                                           SNSIM074
 10 DOD=DOD+FLOWSIJ)*DODS
-------
                       APPENDIX A
   IF22 IF
-------
                       APPENDIX A
   WRITE(NX,104)                                                      SNSIM106
   VEL=VEL*86400.                                                     SNSIM107
   FLOHT=FLOWT*86400.                                                 SNSIM108
   FLOWW=FLOWW*133056.                                                SNSIM109
   IF5 CODT = COD                                                           SNSIM112
   NODT=NOD                                                           SNSIM113
   DODT=DOD                                                           SNSIM114
   GO  TO  19                                                           SNSIH115
>6 CODT=CODI                                                          SNSIM116
   NODT=NODI                                                          SNSIM117
   DODT=DODI                                                          SNSIM118
L9 IF(FLOWW)7,18,7                                                   SNSIM119
 7 CODW=16026.5*CODW/FLOWW*FF                                        SNSIM120
   NODW=16026.5*NODW/FLOWW                                           SNSIM121
L8 IF(FLOWI)907,908,908                                              DEC 74
)7 J=NT(1)                                                            DEC 74
   FLOHSCJ)=FLOWS«J)+FLOWI                                           DEC 74
   FLOWI=-FLOWI                                                       DEC 74
   CODI=COD                                                           DEC 74
   NODI=NOD                                                           DEC 74
   DODI=DOD                                                           DEC 74
   SFLOW=0.0                                                          DEC 74
)8 FLOW=FLOWI*FLOWW + FLOWT-»-SFLOW                                      DEC 74
   COD=(CODI*FLOWI+CODW*FLOHW+CODT*FLOHT-»-COD*SFLOW)/FLOW             SNSIH123
   NOD=tNODI*FLOWI*NODW*FLOWW-»-NODT*FLOWT-«-NOD*SFLOW)/FLOW             SNSIM124
   DOD={DODI*FLOWH-DODW*FLOWW+DODT*FLOWT+DOD*SFLOW)/FLOW             SNSIM125
   BANKC=(454000.*BANKC*VEL)/(28.32*FLOW*5280.1                       SNSIM126
   BANKN=(454000.*BANKN*VEL)/(28.32*FLOW*5280.)                       SNSIM127
   8ENTH=3.28*8ENTH/DEPTH                                            SNSIM128
   FLOWA=FLOW/86400.                                                 SNSIM129
   SFLOW=0.0                                                          SNSIM130
   C=CS-DOD                                                           SNSIM131
   IF(C)23,24,24                                                      SNSIM132
23 C=0.0                                                              SNSIM133
   DOD=CS                                                            SNSIM134
24 DIS=TDIST                                                          SNSIM135
   HRITE(NX,106)I,SNAME,DIStCOD,NOD,C,FLOWA,DOD                       SNSIM136
   DIS=TDIST+DELTA                                                   SNSIM137
 1 DIST=DISH-DELTA                                                   SNSIM138
   TDIST=TDIST+DELTA                                                 SNSIM139
   IF
-------
                       APPENDIX A
 4  FLOWI=FLOW                                                         SNSIM152
   CODI=CODC                                                          SNSIM153
   NODI=NODC                                                          SNSIM154
   DODI=DOOC                                                          SNSIM155
 5  CONTINUE                                                           SNSIM156
   FLOWS
-------
    APPENDIX B
(example problem)
    32

-------
The Anduin is a fictitious river system that can ba modelled using




SNSIM.  As shown in figure B-l, it consists of a main stream which.




is fed by several tributaries.  In figure B-2, a schematic of the




system illustrates a segmentation scheme which could be used for this




application.  Each segment is given an acronym and each reach is




given a number to identify it.  For instance, reach 5 consists of




segments LORI and MDAN.  The physical, hydrologic and biological




parameters which describe these sections are tabulated in Table B^l,









Various types of oxygen demanding loads are exerted along the Anduin




System, including point waste loads from municipalities and industries,




benthal loads due to sludge deposits, effects due to algal blooms in




the lower reaches and initial background and runoff loadings due to




agriculture in the headwaters.  These loads are summarized in table B-2.









Finally, the data is punched onto computer, cards as described on page 16




and as shown in figure B-3 and SNSIM is run.  The resulting output is




attached.

-------
Change in Cross Sectional Area
  ANDUIN RIVER SYSTEM
    Figure B-l

-------
                                                                 AOdCULTUtAl
                                                                 IUNOFF lOAOf
 INITIAL
BACKGROUND LOADING


©

•
z
z
o

z
•c

T



SCHEMATIC OF ANDUIN RIVER SYSTEM
SHOWING REACHES (ENCIRCLED NUMBERS),
SECTIONS AND LOADS
                          Figure  B-2

-------
ACH

1
2
3
4

9

8
5

6
7
8

2

SECTION

UP AN
NBEW
SBEW
UPEW
DNEW
WAD
LRAD
LREK
LORI
MDAN '
LOUD
UPGR
DNGR

DNAN
LRAN
SLGTH
(MILES)
9
5
6
3
3
8
11
4
6
5
8
4
3

6
20
DEPTH
(FEET)
10
5
5
8
8
7.1
7.3
8.3
15
15
1
8
10
\
20.
20.
VEL
(FPS)
.6
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.1
1.4
.5
.5
1.0
.9
.8

.4
.2
TEMP FLOWI
°C (CFS)
20 100
18 30
18 30
19
19
19 -20
19
18.2
20
21
18 10
18 22
19

20
21
FLOWT KG
(CFS) (I/DAY)
.3
.3
.3
.3
2 .3
.3
3. .3
,3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3

.3
.3
KD
(I/DAY)
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.25
.26
.28.
.2
.3
.3
.3
.3

.3
.3
JW
(I/DAY
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.10
.10
.12
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
TABLE B-l SECTION PARAMETERS

-------
REACH
1
2
3
4

9
a
5
6
7
8
2
SECTION
UP AN
NBEW
SBEW
UPEW
NDEW
UNAD
LRAD
LREM
LORI
MDAN
LOUD
UPGR
DNGR
DNAN
LRAN
CODI NODI DODI FLOWW CODW NODW DO]
1. 1. 1.0






1. 5000. 5000. 7
1. 100. 0. 0
2. 2. .5
2. 1000. 0. 0

\
                                                                          ALGAL
                                                       5.    5.
                                                       4.5   3.
5.
5.0
                  BENTH  BANKC   BANKN




                           100.    100.




                           100.    100.




                           100.    100.
                                                                                      3.9
                                                                          • 45
                                      TABLE B-2:   SUMMARY OF LOADS*
*For units see input description

-------
0   100.00      1.00      1.00      1.00 2.0 11100000 012.900 0.500  1.500
UPAN         9.0   10.00    0.60    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0020.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00100.00100.00    0.0
0    30.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 0120000  0-1  .053
NBEW         5.0    5.00    1.20    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0018.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000 9.7 0 0.00 0.00100.00100.00    0.0
0    30.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 01300000 012.900 0.500  1.500
SBEW         6.0    5.00    1.10    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0018.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00100.00100.00    0.0
0     0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 1.0 02422300 012.900 0.500  1.500
UPEW         3.0    8.00    1.00    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0019.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
DNEW         3.0    8.00    1.00    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    2.00    0.000
   5.0   5.0 5.0019.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0   -20.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 1.0 029140001
UNAD        8.0     7.10    1.50    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    1.047
   0.0   0.0 0.0019.00 0.300 0.250 0.100 0.150  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
LRAD        11.0    7.30    1.10    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    3.00    1.047
   4.5   3.0 5.0024.00 0.300 0.260 0.100 0.150  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0     0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 1.0 01814000 012.900 0.500  1.500
LREW         4.0    8.30    1.40    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0018.20 0.300 0.280 0.120 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0     0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 12521400 012.900 0.500  1.500
LORI         6.0   15.00    0.50    1.00   5000.0  5000.0    7.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0020.00 0.300 0.200 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 3.9   0.00   0.00    0.0
MDAN         5.0   15.00    0.50    1.00    100.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0021.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0    10.00      2.00      2.00      0.50 2.0 01600000 012.900 0.500  1.500
LOUD         8.0    1.00    1.00    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0018.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0    22.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 01700000 012.900 0.500  1.500
UPGR         4.0    8.00    0.90    2.00   1000.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0018.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0     0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 71827600 012.900 0.500  1.500
DNGR         3.0   10.00    0.80    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0019.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.000  0.00 0.00 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
0     0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00 2.0 52225800 012.900 0.500  1.500
DNAN         6.0   20.00    0.40    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0020.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.050  0.00 0.45 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0
LRAN        20.0   20.00    0.20    0.00     0.0     0.0    0.00    0.00    0.000
   0.0   0.0 0.0021.00 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.100  0.00   .90 0.00  0.00   0.00    0.0


                        Figure B-3: Input deck for  example problem

-------
                              ANDUIN RIVER BASIN
INPUT FOR REACH  1
  FLOWI =
  NODI =«
  DELTA =
  NSECT -
  NT(i)= (
  100.00 CFS
   1.00 MG/L
    2.00 MILES
  1
           COOI =
           DODI =
           NDIST
           NTRIB
  NT(2)= Q   NTC3J= 0   NTJ4)= 0
                                  = 0
   1.00 HG/L
   1.00 MG/L
                    NREAR
               ICOR =
INCUT FOR SECTION UPAN
  SLGTH =
  FLOWW=
  FLQWT=
 9.000 MILES
0.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
DEPTH=  10.000 FEET
CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
CODT=   0.000 MG/L
  ALGAL=   0.000 MG/L/DAY   BANKC= 100.000 LBS/MI/DAY
  FF=  1.000
                 ACOEF= 12.900
         VEL=   0.600 FPS
         NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY    DODW=   0.000 MG/L
         NODT=   0.000 MG/L           DODT=   0.000 MG/L
         BANKN= 100.000 LBS/MI/DAY    ALT=    0.00 FEET
         BCOEF=  0.500                CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS  INPUT  1TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS  CONVERTED  (TEMP =  20.0 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BEMTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
                                              KN =
                                              KN?=
                                                    0.100 /DAY
                                                    0.100 /DAY
                                                          KR= 0.31598 /DAY
                                                          KR= 0.31598 /DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
                   CBOD
           NBOD
DO
           UPAN
         0.00
         2.00
         4.00
         6.00
         e.oo
         9.00
1.00
1.30
1.58
1.85
2.10
2.22
1.00
1.35
1.69
2.02
2.35
2.51
8.02
7.99
7.94
7.87
7.78
7.73
FLOW
                         100.00
           DEFICIT COMPONENTS
A3    B3    C3    D3    E3    F3
                                                                                        H3
0.94
0.88
0.82
0.77
0.75
0.06
0.11
0.15
0.19
0.21
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.01
0.04
0.09
0.15
0.19
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
                                                         TOTAL
                                                        DEFICIT

                                                          1.00
                                                          1.03
                                                          1.08
                                                          1.15
                                                          1.24
                                                          1.29

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  2
  FLOWI  =     30.00 CFS                CODI *
  NODI  =      0.00 MG/L                DODI =
  DELTA  =      2.00 MILES              NDIST
  NSECT  »    1             •            NTRIB
  NT(1)= 0   NT12)= 0   NT(3I» 0   NTU) = 0
                                        0.00 HG/L
                                        0.00 MG/L
                                     NREAR = -1
                                   ICOR=
INPUT FOR SECTION NBEW
  SLGTH *
  FLOWW=
  ruowT=
  ALGAL=
  FF= 1.000
 5.000 MILES
0.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
0.000 MG/L/DAY
OEPTH=   5.000 FEET
CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
CODT=   0.000 HG/L
BANKC= 100.000 LBS/MI/OAY
ESCAPE COEF= 0.0530 /FT
                  VEL=   1.200 FPS
                  NOOW=        0.000 LBS/OAY
                  NODT=    0.000 MG/L
                  BANKN= 100.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                  DELTA  HT=   9.70 FEET
                         OODW=   0.000 MG/L
                         DODT=   0.000 MG/L
                         ALT=    0.00 FEET
 REACTION RATES AS INPUT (TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS CONVERTED  (TEMP =  18.0 C)
  KC=   0.273 /DAY          KD=   0.273 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M #*2/DAY
                                              KN =
                                              KN=
                                                    0.100 /DAY
                                   0.085 /DAY
                                                          KR= 1.79328 /DAY
                                               KR=  1.71020  /DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE    CBOD
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
           NBEW
         0.00
         2.00
         A.00
         5.00
   0.00
   1.22
   2.41
   2.99
                            NBOD
0.00
1.23
2.45
3.06
                                     DO
                                               9.38
                                               9.32
                                               9.28
                                           FLOW
                                                      30.00
                                                    A3
0.00
0.00
0.00
                                                          83
0.00
0.00
0.00
                                              DEFICIT COMPONENTS
                                               C3    D3    E3    F3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.01
0.02
0.03
                                                            H3
0.00  0.00
0.00  0.00
0.00  0.00
 TOTAL
DEFICIT

  0.00
  0.02
  0.08
  0. 12

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  3
FLOHI =
NODI =
DELTA -
NSECT =
N T ( 1 ) = 0
30.00 CFS
0.00 MG/L
2.00 MILES
I
NT(2)= 0 N
                        NT(3)=
                            COOI  «=      0.00 HG/L
                            OODI  =      0.00 MG/L
                            NDIST =    0
                            NTRIB = 0
                        NT(4)= 0      NREAR =  0
                                   ICOR=
INPUT FOR SECTION SBEW
  SLGTH =
  FLOWH=
  FLOWT=
  ALGAL=
  FF =  1.000
 6.000 MILES
0.000 MGO
o.ooq CFS
O.OOQ MG/L/DAY
DEPTH=   5.000 FEET
CODW=       0.000 LBS/OAY
COOT=   0.000 MG/L
BANKC= 100.000 LBS/MI/DAY
ACOEF= 12.900
   VEL =   1.100 FPS
   NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
   NODT=   0.000 MG/L
   8ANKN= 100.000 LBS/MI/DAY
   BCOEF=  0.500
DODW=   0.000 MG/L
DOOT=   0.000 MG/L
ALT=    0.00 FEET
CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION  RATES  AS  INPUT (TEMP =  20  C)
   KC=    0.300  /DAY           KD=   0.300  /DAY
   BENTH= 0.0000  GM/M  **2/DAY

 REACTION  RATES  AS  CONVERTED (TEMP =  18.0  C)
   KC=    0.273  /DAY           KD=   0.273  /DAY
        = O.OQOO  GM/M  **2/DAY
                                              KN=   0.100 /DAY
                                              KN =
                                   0.085 /DAY
                                                          KR= 1.21012 /DAY
                                KR= 1.15^06 /DAY
  SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE    CBOD
   NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
            SHEW
                            NBOD
                    DO
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
0.00
1.22
2.4P ..
3.55
0.00
1.23
2.45
3.66
9.40
9.38
9.31
9.21
FLOW
                                                       30.00
DEFICIT COMPONENTS
A3

0.00
0.00
0.00
83

0.00
0.00
0.00
C3

0.00
0.00
0.00
03

0.02
0.07
0.14
E3

0.01
0.02
0.05
F3

0.00
0.00
0.00
H3

0.00
0.00
0.00
TOTAL
DEFICIT
0.00
0.02
0.09
0.19

-------
INPUT FOR REACH
  FLOWI  =
  NODI  =
  DELTA  =
  NSECT  =    2
  NT(1)= 2   NT(2)= 3
    0.00 CFS
   0.00 MG/L
    I.00 MILES
             NT(3)=
           CODI *
           DODI =
           NDIST
           NTRI8
       NTU)= 0
            0.00 MG/L
            0.00 MG/L
         NREAR =
ICOR =
INPUT FOR.SECTION UPEW
  SLGTH .=
  ALGAL=
  FF= 1.000
 3.000 MILES
0*000 MGD
.0*000 CFS
0.000 MG/L/DAY
DEPTH=   8.000 FEET
CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
CUDT=   0.000 MG/L
BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
ACDEF= 12.900
                  VEL=   1.000 FPS
                  NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
                  NODT=   0.000 MG/L
                  BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                  BCOEF=  0.500
                       DODW=   0.000 MG/L
                       DODT=   0.000 MG/L
                       ALT=    0.00 FEET
                       CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS INPUT tTEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BhNTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS CONVERTED  (TEMP =   19.0 C)
  KC=   0.286 /DAY          KD=   0.286 /DAY
  E£NTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
+ ** !
                                               KN =
                                               KN =
                                   0.100  /DAY
                                   0.092  /DAY
                                               KR= 0.57010 /DAY
                                               KR= 0.55674 /DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE    C80D
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM

    I      UPEW     0.00        3.27
                    1.00        3.21
                    2.00        3.15
                    3.00        3.10

 INPUT FOR  SEf.l ION DNEw

   SLGTH  -    3.000 MILES      OEPTH=
   FLOWW=  O.COO MGD         CODW =
   FLOwT^  ?.0()0 CFS         CODT =
   ALGAL=  0.000 MG/L/DAY    BANKC=
   FF = t.OOO                  ACOEF=
                                       NBOD
                             3.36
                             3.34
                             3.32
                             3.30
                                                 DO
                    9.05
                    8.98
                    8.92
                    8.86
                                                      FLOW
               60.00
                           8.000 FEET
                              a.OOO LBS/DAY
                          5.000 MG/L
                           0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                         12.900
                                                     A3
                      0.15
                      0.15
                                                           63
    0.06
    0.11
    0.16
                                              DEFICIT COMPONENTS
                                               C3    D3     E3     F3
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
                             VEL=    1.000 FPS
                             NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
                             NODT=   5.000 MG/L
                             BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                             BCOEF=  0.500
0.00
0.00
0.00
                                                                                         H3
0.00  0.00
0.00  0.00
0.00  0.00
 TOTAL
DEFICIT

  0.16
  0.23
  0.29
  0.35
                                               DODW=   0.000 MG/L
                                               DODT=   5.000 MG/L
                                               ALT=    0.00 FEET
                                               CCOEF=  1.500
**£******+***********<
 RIACTION RATFS  AS  INPUT  
-------
U'/fc*     3.OO        3.16     3.36    8.71   62.00                                                 O.5O
         *-00        3.H     3.34    8.65          0.49   0.05   0.02  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.00     0.56
         ^.00        3.05     3.32    8.60          0.47   0.11   0.04  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.00     0.61
         6.00        3.00     3.30    8.55          0.45   0.15   0.05  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.00     0.66

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  9
  FLOWI  =
  NODI  =
  DELTA  =
  NSECT  =
  -20.00 CFS
   0.00 MG/L
    1.00 MILES
  2
  NT I 11= 4   NT I 2) =
                                      COP I  =>
                                      DODI  =
                                      NO 1ST
                                      NTRIB
                                                  0.00 MG/L
                                                  0.00 MG/L
             NT(3)= 0   NT<4)= 0
                                               NREAR =
                                                              ICOR=  0
INPUT FOR SECTION UNAO
  SLGTH =
  FLOWW=
  FLDWT=
  ALGAL=
  FF= 1.047
 8.000 MILES
0.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
O.OOOMG/L/DAY
                           DEPTH=   7.100 FEET
                           CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
                           COOT=   0.000 MG/L

                           ALT=    0.00 FEET
                                                        VEL=   1.500 FPS
                                                        NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY    DODW=   0.000 MG/L
                                                        NDDT=   0.000 MG/L           DODT=   0.000 MG/L
                                                        BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/OAY    BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
REACTION RATES AS INPUT 
-------
ifcCTION SECTION  DISTANCE    CBOD     NBOD     DO    FLOW                DEFICIT  COMPONENTS             TOTAL
 NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM                                    A3    B3    C3    D3    E3    F3    H3   DEFICIT

   2      LRAD     8.00/       2.96    3,18    6.86   23.00                                               1.47
                   9.00       2.90    3.15    6.80          1.46  0.05  0.02  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.53
                  10.00       2.85    3.13    6.74          1.45  0.10  0.05  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.59
                  11-00       2.79    3.10    6.68          1.43  0.15  0.07  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.65
                  12.00       2.73    3.08    6.63          1.42  0.19  0.09  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.71
                  13.00       2.68    3.06    6.57          1.41  0.24  0.12  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.76
                  14.00       2.63    3.04    6.52          1.39  0.28  0.14  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.81
                  15.00       2.57    3.01    6.47          1.38  0.33  0.16  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.87
                  16.00       2.52    2.99    6.42          1.37  0.37  0.18  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.91
                  17.00       2.47    2.97    6.37          1.36  0.41  0.20  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     1.96
                  18.00       2.42    2.94    6.32          1.34  0.44  0.22  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     2.01
                  19.00       2.38    2.92    6.28          1.33  0.48  0.24  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     2.05

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  8
  FLOWI =
  NODI =
  DELTA =
  NSECT =
  0.00 CFS
 0.00 MG/L
  1.00 MILES
1
        CODI  =
        DODI  =
        NOIST
        NTRIB
  Nr(l)= 4   NT(2)= 0   NT(3)= 0   NTI4)'
            0.00 MG/L
            0.00 MG/L
                                  1
                                   NREAR
                                ICOR»
INPUT  FOR SECTION. LREW

  SLGTH =   A.000 MILES     DEPTH=
  FLOWW=   0.000 MGD        COOW=
  Fl.OWT =   0.000 CFS        CODT =
  ALGAL=   0.000 MG/L/OAY   BANKC=
                        8.300 FEET
                           0.000 LBS/DAY
                       0.000 MG/L
                        0.000 LBS/MI/OAY
  FF= 1.000
               ACOEF= 12.900
                          VEL=   1.400 FPS
                          NODW =       0.000 LBS/OAY
                          NODT=   0.000 MG/L
                          BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                          BCOEF=  0.500
                                               DODW=   0.000 MG/L
                                               DODT=   0.000 MG/L
                                               ALT=    0.00 FEET
                                               CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS INPUT (TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.280 /DAY
  B£NTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS CONVERTED (TEMP =  18.2 C)
  KC=   0.276 /DAY          KD=   0.257 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
                                            KN=
                                            KN =
                                                  0.120 /DAY
                                0.104 /DAY
                                                       KR= 0.63831 /DAY
                                               KR= 0.61164 /DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
           LREH
       0.00
       1.00
       2.00
       3.00
       4.00
                 CBOD
3.00
2.96
2.93
2.89
2.86
                                       NBOD
3.30
3.29
3.27
3.26
3.24
                                                DO
8.70
8.67
8.64
8.61
8.59
                                                      FLOW
                                                      42.00
                                           DEFICIT COMPONENTS
                                A3    B3    C3    03    E3    F3
                                                                                      H3
0.64
0.63
0.61
0.59
0.03
0.06
0.10
0.12
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
 TOTAL
DEFICIT

  0.66
  0.69
  0.72
  0.75
  0.78

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  5
FLOW I =
NODI =
DELTA =
NSECT =
NT( l)= 1
0.00 CFS
0.00 MG/L
2.00 MILES
2
NT (2)= 4 N
CODI =
DODI =
NDIST =
NTRIB =
NT(4)= 0
0.00 MG/L
0.00 MG/L
1
2
NREAR = 0
                                                                ICOR>  0
INPUT FOR SECTION LORI
  SLGTH =
  FLOWW=
  FLOwr=
  ALGAL=
  FF= 1.000
 6.000 MILES
1.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
0.000 MG/L/OAY
DEPTH=  15.000 FEET
CODW =    5000.000 LBS/DAY
CODT=   0.000 MG/L
BAMKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
ACOEF= 12.900
   VEL=   0.500 FPS
   NODW =    5000.000 LBS/DAY
   NODT=   0.000 MG/L
   BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
   BCOEF=  0.5DO
DODW=   7.000 MG/L
DODT=   0.000 MG/L
ALT=    0.00 FEET
CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS INPUT (TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.200 /DAY
  BENTH= 3.9000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS CONVERTED  (TEMP =  20.0 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.200 /DAY
  BENTH= 3.9000 GM/M **2/DAY
                                              KN =
                                              KN=
                                                    0.1QQ ;/DAY
                                   0.100 /DAY
                                                          KR=  0.15701  /DAY
                                KR= 0.15701 /DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
           LORI
INPUT FOR SECTION MDAN
                   CBOD
           NBOD
                                     DO
9.00
11.00
13.00
15.00
8.89
8.26
7.67
7.13
9.17
8.95
8.74
8.53
7.85
7.07
6.34
5.68
  SLGTH =
  FLOWW=
  FLOWT=
  ALGAL=
  FF= 1.000
 5.000 MILES
1.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
0.000 MG/L/DAY
FLOW
                                                      143.54
DEPTH=  15.000 FEET
CODW =     100.000 LBS/DAY
CODT=   0.000 MG/L
BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
ACOEF= 12.900
A3
1.12
1.08
1.04
B3
0.41
0.78
1.10
DEFICIT COMPONENTS
C3 D3 E3 F3
0.22
0.42
0.61
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
H3
0.20
0.40
0.59
TOTAL
DEFICIT
1.17
1.96
2.68
3.35
   VEL=   0.500 FPS
   NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
   NODT=   0.000 MG/L
   BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
   BCOEF=  0.500
DODW=   0.000 MG/L
DDDT=   0.000 MG/L
ALT=    0.00 FEET
CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS  INPUT  (TEMP  =  20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY           KD=    0.300  /DAY
  DENTH= 0.0000 GM/M  **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS  CONVERTED (TEMP =   21.0 C)
  KC=   0.314 /DAY           KD='   0.314  /DAY
  P.INTH- O.HOOO I.M/M  * + ?/l)AY
                                               KN=   0.100 /DAY
                                               KN =
                                                    0.107 /DAY
                                                                           KR= 0.15701 /DAY
                                                                           KR= 0.16078 /DAY
 SECTION  SECTION   DISTANCE     CttOD
  'NUMULR   NAne   DUWNSIRLAM
                             NBOD      DO     FLOW                DEFICIT COMPONENTS             TOTAL
                                                     A3    B3    C3    U3    E3    F3    H3   DEFICIT

-------
MOAN    15.00       7.18    8.44    5.53  145.08                                               3.31
        17.00       6.65    8.22    4.92          3.18  0.52  0.22  0,00  0.00  0.00  0.00     3.92
        19.00       6.16    8.00    4.38          3.06  0.98  0.42  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     4.46
        20.00       5.93    7.90    4.13          3.00  1.19  0.51  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     4.71

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  6
  FLOWI =
  NODI =
  DELTA =
  NSECT =
 10.00 CFS
 2.00 MG/L
  2.00 MILES
1
        CODI  =
        DODI  =
        NDIST
        NTRIB
  NTI1)= 0   NT(2)= 0   NT(3)= 0   NT<4)= 0
            2.00 MG/L
            0.50 MG/L
                                   NREAR =  0
                                ICOR=
INPUT FOR SECTION LOUD

  SLGTH =   8.000 MILES
  Fl.OWW =   0.000 MGD
  FLOWT=   0.000 CFS
  ALGAL=
  FF=  1.000
           0.000 MG/L/DAY
               DEPTH=   1.000 FEET
               CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
               CODT=   0.000 MG/L
               BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
               ACOEF= 12.900
                          VEL=   1.000 FPS
                          NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY
                          NOOT=   0.000 MG/L
                          BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
                          BCOEF=  0.500
                                               DODW=   0.000 MG/L
                                               DODT=   0.000 MG/L
                                               ALT=    0.00 FEET
                                               CCOEF=  1.500
  PtACTION  RATES AS  INPUT  (TEMP  =  20  C)
   KC =    0.300  /DAY           KD=   0.300  /DAY
   8ENTH= 0.0000 GM/M  **2/DAY

  REACTION  RATES AS  CONVERTED (TEMP =  18.0  C)
   KC=    0.273  /DAY           KD=   0.273  /DAY
   OfcNTH= 0.0000 GM/M  **2/DAY
 *** ********* .;*******!
                                            KN=   0.100 /DAY
                                            KN=
                                0.085 /DAY
                                                       KR=12.90000 /DAY
                                                                         KR=12.30240  /DAY
  SECTION  SECTION   DISTANCE
   nUMBER    NAME   DOWNSTREAM
            LOUD
       0.00
                       00
                       00
                       00
                     8.00
                               CBOD
2.00
1.93
1.87
1.81
1.75
                          NBOD
2.00
1.98
1.96
1.94
1.92
                                                 DO
8.90
9.25
9.33
9.34
9.35
                                                       FLOW
                                                       10.00
                                                  A3
                                                        B3
                                           DEFICIT COMPONENTS
                                            C3    D3    E3    F3
                                                                                                    H3
0.11
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
o.oo'
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
 TOTAL
DEFICIT

  0.50
  0.16
  0.08
  0.06
  0.05

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  7
  FLOWI  =     22.00 CFS                CODI =
  NODI  =      0.00 MG/L                DODI =
  DELTA  =      2.00 MILES              NDIST
  NSECT  =1                         NTRIB
  NT(1)= 0   NT(2)=* 0   NT(3)= 0   NT<4)= 0
                               0.00 HG/L
                               0.00 HG/L
                            NREAR =
                                                                ICOR=
INPUT FOR SECTION UPGR

  SLGTH =   4.000 MILES     DEPTH=
  FLOWW=   2.000 MGD        COOW=
  fLOWT=   0.000 CFS        COD1=
  ALGAL=   0.000 MG/L/OAY   8ANKC=
                 8.000  FEET
                 1000.000  LBS/DAY
                0.000  MG/L
                 0.000  LBS/MI/DAY
  FF= I.000
                            ACOEF= 12.900
                          VEL=   0.900 FPS
                          NODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY    DODW=   0.000  MG/L
                          NODT=   0.000 MG/L           DODT=   0.000  MG/L
                          BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY    ALT=    0.00 FEET
                          BCOEF=  0.500                CCOEF=  1.500
 REACTION RATES AS  INPUT  (TEMP = 20 C)
   KC=   0.300 /DAY          KD=   0.300 /DAY
   BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS  CONVERTED (TEMP =  18.0 C)
   KC=   0.273 /DAY          K0=   0.273 /DAY
   BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
                                     KN=   0.100 /DAY
                                     KN=   0.085 /DAY
                                                                  KR= 0.54084 /DAY
                                                                  KR= 0.51579 /DAY
  SECTION  SECTION   DISTANCE    CBOD
   NUMtlER    DAME   DOWNSTREAM
            UPGR
0.00
2.00
4.00
7.40
7.13
6.87
                   NBOD
0.00
0.00
0.00
                 00
9.40
9.14
8.91
               FLOW                DEFICIT COMPONENTS
                        A3    B3    C3    03    E3    F3
                                                                                                    H3
                                                                                     TOTAL
                                                                                    DEFICIT
25.08                                               o.OO
       0.00  0.26  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     0.26
       0.00  0.49  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00     0.49

-------
INPUT FOR REACH  8
  FLOHI
  NDDI
  DELTA
  NSECT
    a.oo CFS
   0.00 MG/L
    2.00 MILES
           CODI =
           DODI =
           NDIST
           NTRIB
  NTIl)= 7   NT(2)= 6   NT(3)=> 0   NT<4)= 0
    0.00 MG/L
    0.00 MG/L
                                                NREAR =
                                                                ICOR =
INPUT FOR SECTION DNGR
  SLOTH' =
  FLOHW=
  FLQHT=
  ALGAL=
  FF* 1.000
 3.000 MILES
0.000 MGD
0.000 CFS
0.000 MG/L/DAY
DEPTH=  10.000 FEET          VEL=
CODW=       0.000 LBS/DAY    NODW=
CODT=   0.000 MG/L           NODT=
BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY    BANKN=
ACOEF= 12.900                BCOEF=
                 0.800  FPS
                      0.000  LBS/DAY     DODW=
                  0.000 MG/L           DODT =
                   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY     ALT=
                  0.500                CCOEF=
                                         0.000  MG/L
                                         0.000  MG/L
                                         0.00 FEET
                                         1.500
 REACTION RATES AS INPUT (TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY          KU=   0.300 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS CONVERTED (TEMP =  19.0 C)
  KC=   0.286 /DAY          KD=   0.286 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
 SECTION SECTION  DISTANCE
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
           DfiGR
         4.00
         6.00
         7.00
                   CBOD
                               5.18
                               5.06
           NBOD,
           0.55
           0.54
           0.54
 DO
8.84
8.63
8.53
                                              KN =
                                              KN=
FLOW
                                                      35.08
                                   0.100 /DAY
                                   0.092 /DAY
                                                                            KR=  0.36486  /DAY
                                                                            KR= 0.35631  /DAY
                                                    A3
       0.35
       0.34
                                                          B3
0.23
0.33
                                               DEFICIT  COMPONENTS
                                               C3    03     £3    F3
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
                                                                                                    H3
0.00
0.00
)<*********

 TOTAL
DEFICIT

  0.37
  0.58
  0.68

-------
INPUT FOR. REACH  2
FLOWI -
NODI = :
DELTA *
NSECT -
NT(1)= 5
0.00 CFS
0.00 MG/L
2.00 MILES
2
NT<2)= 8 NT(3)= 0
CODI =
DODI =
NDIST *
NTRIB ="
NT(4>= 0
0.00 MG/L
0.00 MG/L
5
2
NREAR = 0
                                                                ICOR =
INPUT  FOR SECTION DNAN
  SLGTH =
  FLOWW=
  FLOWT=
  ALGAL=
  FF = 1.000
           6.000 MILES
          0.000 MGD
          0.000 CFS
          0.450 MG/L/DAY
DEPTH=  20.000 FEET
CODW=*       0.000 LBS/DAY
CODT=   0.000 MG/L
BANKC=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
ACOEF= 12.900
VEL=   0.400 FPS
NODW*       0.000 LBS/DAY
NODT=   0.000 MG/L
BANKN=   0.000 LBS/MI/DAY
BCOEF=  0.500
DODW=
DODT =
ALT =
CCOEF=
.0.000  MG/L
 0.000  MG/L
 0.00 FEET
 1.500
 REACTION RATES AS  INPUT {TEMP = 20 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY           KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY

 REACTION RATES AS  CONVERTED (TEMP =  20.0 C)
  KC=   0.300 /DAY,;          KD=   0.300 /DAY
  BENTH= 0.0000 GM/M **2/DAY
                                                        KN=
                                                        KN=
                                                              0.100  /DAY
                                                              0.100 /DAY
                                                           »************#**************

                                                           KR= 0.09121 /DAY



                                                           KR= 0.09121 /DAY
                                      NBOD
 SECTION SECTION   DISTANCE     CBOD
  NUMBER   NAME   DOWNSTREAM
    1      DNAN    20.00
                   22.00
                   24.00
                   26.00

INPUT FOR SECTION LRAN

  SLGTH =  20.000 MILES
  FLOWW*   0.000 MGD
  FLOWT=   0.000 CFS
  ALGAL=   0.900 MG/L/DAY
  FF= 1.000
RtACT ION RAIES  AS
 KC=   0.300  /DAY
 BCNTH= 0.0000  GM/M  **2/DAY

REACTION RATES  AS  CONVERTED  (TEMP =  21.0 C)
 KC=   0.314  /DAY          K0=   0.314 /DAY
 t!hNfH = U.OOUU  GM/M  **2/DAY
                                               DO
5.76
5.26
4.80
4.38
DEPTH=
CODW=
CODT =
BANKC=
ACOEF=
*******
MP » 20
K0= 0
6.46
6.27
6.08
5.90
20

0

12
**
C

•
0
•
*
)
.000
Oi
000
.000
900
****
5.10
4.65
4.27
3.94
FEET
000
MG/L
LBS/DAY

LBS/MI/DAY

****

*******:
.300 /DAY
                                                     FLOW
                                                    180.16
                                                        VEL
                                                        NODW=
                                                        NODT =
                                                        BANKN
A3 B3
3.
3.
3.
81 0.50 0.
71 0.94 0.
61 1.33 0.
C3
19
37
54
W 1 1
0.
0.
0.
uu
03
00
00
00
nrurjcrj
E3
0.00
0.00
0.00
i i.
-0.
-0.
-0.
F3
13
26
39
TOTAL
H3 DEFICIT
0.
0.
0.
00
00
00
3.92
4.37
4.75
5.08
0.200 FPS
N=
F=
0.
0.000
0.000
0.500
000 LBS/DAY
MG/L
LBS/MI/DAY
DODW =
DODT =
ALT =
CCOEF=
0
0
0
1
.000
.000
.00
.500
MG/L
MG/L
FEET



                                                                                                        X***********
                                                         KN=    0.100 /DAY
                                                         KN=    0.107 /DAY
                                                                                       KR= 0.06450 /DAY
                                                                                       KR=  0.06604 /DAY
 SrCTIDN SECTION  DISTANCE     CBOD
  NUMBER   NAME  DOWNSTREAM
                                     NBOD
                                              DO
                          FLOW
                                                                         DEFICIT COMPONENTS              TOTAI
                                                              A3     B3    C3    D3     E3     F3    H3   DEFICIT

-------
LRAN
        26.OO
        28.00
        30.00
        32.00
        34.00
        36.00
        38.00
        40.00
        42.00
        44.00
        46.00
4.38
3.61
2.98
2.46
2.03
1.68
1.38
1.14
0.94
0.78
0.64
5.90
5.52
5.17
4.84
4.53 '
4.24
3.97
3.72
3.48
3.26
3.05
3.^6
3.38
3.17
3.10
3.15
3.28
3.49
3.75
4.07
4.42
4.79
180.16
        4.88  0.75  O.37  O.OO  0.00 -0.53  O.OO
        4.69  1.34  0.70  0.00  0.00 -1.05  0.00
5.08
5.46
5.67
4.50
4.32
4.15
3.99
3.83
3.68
3.53
3.39
1.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
79
14
41
60
73
82
87
89
1.00
1.26
1.49
1.70
1.88
2.04
2.18
2.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
-1.
-2.
-2.
-2.
-3.
-3.
-4.
-4.
55
03
49
93
35
76
15
52
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
.74
.69
.56
.35
.09
.78
.43
.05

-------
                             ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


    The art work contained in this report was illustrated by Robert
Rauenbuhler of the Environmental Protection Agency in Edison,  New Jersey.

    Thanks must be extended to  Kevin  Bricke and  Sal Nolfo of the Water
Programs Branch for their  suggestions and  review of this  documentation.

    We would also  like  to  thank Ms. Maryann LaBarbera  for typing this
report and Ms.  Dorothy  Szefczyk and Ms.  Eleanor  Tracy  of  the library
staff  for  obtaining  the reference material used  in  the report.
                                                Robert E. Braster
                                                Steven C. Chapra
                                                George A. Nossa
                                    54

-------