United States         Eastern Environmental       EPA 520/5-84-019
           Environmental Protection     Radiation Facility        June 1984
           Agency           1890 Federal Drive
                        Montgomery, AL 36109
           Radiation
x>EPA
           Environmental Radiation
           Data
           Report 37

           January  - March  1984

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ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
                               REPORT 37






                          January - March 1984
             UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                      Office of Radiation Programs

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                                Preface
     Environmental Radiation Data (ERD)  is compiled  and  distributed
quarterly  by the Office of Radiation Programs'  Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF),  Montgomery,   Alabama,   and  contains   data
from  the  Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS).
Data from similar networks operated by  contributing  States,  Canada,
Mexico,  and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the
ERD when available.

     ERAMS was established in  1973  by   the  U.    S.   Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation  Programs  (ORP).  The ERAMS  is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide  air,  surface
and  drinking  water,  and  milk  samples  from   which  environmental
radiation levels are derived.  The major emphasis for ERAMS  is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides  in
the environment.

     Sampling locations are selected to   provide   optimal population
coverage  while  functioning  to monitor fallout  from nuclear devices
and other forms of radioactive contamination of  the environment.  The
radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross  alpha and
gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission products, and   specific
analyses  for uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, krypton,
and  tritium.   This  monitoring  effort  also   provides   ancillary
information  on  natural  background  levels and  on releases into the
environment from stationary sources such as nuclear  power  reactors,
fuel fabrication facilities, and reprocessing plants.
                                111

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             ENVIRONMENTAL    RADIATION

                                DATA
                                CONTENTS
                                                                  Page
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures                           vii

     - Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum                    ix
       Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
     SECTION I.  Air Program                                         1

                   1.  Airborne Particulates                          1
                       and Precipitation

                   2.  Plutonium and Uranium  in                     13
                       Airborne Particulates

                   3.  Krypton-85                                   16
     SECTION II. Water Program                                      17

                   1.  Surface Water                                17

                   2.  Drinking Water                               20


     SECTION III.    External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program      23
                                  v

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     SECTION IV.    Milk Program                                    26




                   1.   Pasteurized Milk                             26




                   2.   Tritium in Milk                              26




                   3.   Strontium-89 and  -90  in Milk                 26




                   4.   Carbon-14  in Milk                           34







DATA - CHICAGO AREA WATERWAYS MONITORING                           35
                                vi

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                            DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
     The intent of EPA's Office of Radiation Programs  in establishing
the  Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System was to provide
continuous, accurate and usable environmental radiation data for  the
public.   Therefore,  new data reporting procedures were developed to
allow better interpretation of the data.  The most significant change
in  this  reporting  procedure  is  that  all  specific  radionuclide
analyses will be reported as the counting results   indicate,   whether
the number is negative, zero, or positive.

Reporting Rationale

     Frequently, concentrations of a  radionuclide  in  environmental
media  are close to zero.  When the actual concentration of  a nuclide
is zero,  the  net  counting  results  should  statistically  show  a
distribution  of  negative  and  positive  numbers  about zero.   This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from a  sample  which
has  only  background  activity.  Prior to July 1975,  ERAMS  data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a  specified
reporting  level  or minimum detectable level.   The present  reporting
procedure  allows  all  the  data  to  be  reported   and   evaluated
statistically  without  an  arbitrary  cutoff  of   small  or negative
numbers.  This approach will facilitate  estimates  of  bias  in  the
nuclide  analyses  and  will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in .environmental data.

     When reviewing the  data  in  this  report,   caution  should  be
exercised  in  the  interpretation  of  individual  negative  values.
Obviously,  a  negative  activity  value  does  riot   have   physical
significance.   Such  numbers,  however,  are  significant when taken
together with other observations which indicate that the  true  value
of  a  distribution  is  near  zero.    When  an  average  of  several
measurements produces a result  less  than  zero,   this  indicates  a
negative bias in the measurement procedure.

          (1) Reported Values

          Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
     be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
     is negative, zero, or positive.   Numerical values given  are  as
     of sample collection date.
                                vii

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     Gross Analyses - The actual value  of  gross  radioactivity
measurements  will  be  reported,  unless the value is below the
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence  level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.

     MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the  background.   A
tabulation of MDL's is given in the following table.

     (2) Reported Error Terms

     Each  reported  value  for  specific   analyses   will   be
accompanied  by  a  counting  error  term  at  the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval.  Potassium concentrations are determined by
specific  activity analyses.  Error terms are therefore reported
as counting errors.  At the very low  levels  characteristic  of
most   ERAMS   measurements,  counting  error  is  the  greatest
contributor to overall error.

     (3) Significant Figures

     All reported values will be rounded to no more  than  three
significant  figures.   The  last  significant  figure  will  be
increased by one if the figure following  is  five  or  greater,
otherwise it is left unchanged.

     (4) Reporting Levels

     The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in table 1.
Smallest increments  are  sometimes  considerably  smaller  than
minimum   detectable  amounts  to  avoid  truncation  errors  in
averaging.

     (5) Averages

     Averages will be calculated along  with  appropriate  error
terms  in  an  annual  summary  and  analysis of ERAMS data.  In
calculating  these  averages,  all  values  of  individual  data
including  negative numbers will be utilized.  Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
                             viii

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                       TABLE 1




ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels




                for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta


Tritium

Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium-238,
239


Uranium-234 ,
235,238


Radium-226
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a)
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 PCiO>)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
                      IX

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Radionuclide
Strontium-90

Strontium-89
Iodine-131


Iodine-129
Iodine-127
Cesium-137

Barium-140

Potassium

Potass ium-40
Media
Milk
Water
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
Milk
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
8/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
g/1
g/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
10 g/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 g/1
.1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
5 pCi/l(O
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 g/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a)  The value in terms of nCi/m^  would be dependent on precipitation (mm),
(b)  This value in terms of pCi/m3 would be dependent on the air volume.
(c)  Activity as of the day of counting.
                                   x

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                                                           DATA * EPA
                         ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
                    AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I.  Air Program

                Airborne Particulates and Precipitation

     Gross  beta  radioactivity  measurements  and  certain  specific
analyses  are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national)  impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.

     Airborne  particulates  are  collected  continuously  at   field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present  and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity.  Sampling sites  are
located  throughout the United States, Virgin Islands, and the Panama
Canal.

     Filters ( 10-cm diameter synthetic fiber ) from air samplers  are
changed  twice  weekly  and  field  measurements  are made with a  G-M
survey meter at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection  to  allow  for
radon  and  thoron  daughter  product  decay.   Field  estimates  are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail  depending
on the activity levels found.

     The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive  analyses  in  a
low  background  beta  counter.   Gamma  scans  are  performed on  all
filters  showing  laboratory  gross  beta  counts  greater   than    1
pCi/nr5.    The   lower  gross beta  values  reported  for  laboratory
measurements are largely due to  the  decay  of  radionuclides  which
occurred  between  the  times  of  the field estimates and laboratory
measurements.

     Precipitation samples are collected at the field stations  where
air filters are collected.  These samples are also sent to EERF where
they  are  composited  monthly  for  tritium,  gross  beta   activity
measurements  and gamma scans.  Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234,
-235, and »238 analyses are  performed  on  samples  which  exceed  2
pCi/liter gross alpha.

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May.
     Tables  2-4  present  the   monthly   average   gross   beta
concentrations in airborne particulates for January - March 1984.

     Tables  5-7  present  the   monthly   average   gross   beta
concentration in precipitation January - March 1984.

     The tritium in precipitation samples for January - March 1984 at
the selected stations are shown in Table 8.
     A compilation of individual measurements is available  from  the
EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL  36193.

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                             TABLE 2
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          JANUARY 1984
LOCATION
# SAM
 AL: MONTGOMERY
 CA:BERKELEY
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CT: HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL:JACKSONVILLE
 FLrMIAMI
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:IOWA CITY
 ID:BOISE
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 ME:AUGUSTA
 MI:LANSING
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MO:JEFFERSON CITY
 MS:JACKSON
 ND:BISMARCK
 NH: CONCORD
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY: ALBANY
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS
 NY:SYRACUSE
 OH:COLUMBUS
 OH:PAINESVILLE
 OH:TOLEDO
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA:HARRISBURG
 RI:PROVIDENCE
 SC:BARNWELL
 SC:COLUMBIA
 SD:PIERRE
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:NASHVILLE
 TX:EL PASO
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG
  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

   (pCi/m3)
9
8
9
9
8
8
9
2
9
8
9
9
3
9
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
5
7
9
6
8
9
9
9
9
5
2
9
9
9
4
9
8
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
1.4
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
3.4
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01

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                       TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          JANUARY 1984
LOCATION
// SAM
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG
  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG
   (pCi/m3)
9
7
9
9
9
5
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
 VA:LYNCHBURG
 VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MADISON
 WV:CHARLESTON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/mJ
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3

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                             TABLE 3
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          FEBRUARY 1984
LOCATION
# SAM
 AL:MONTGOMERY
 CA: BERKELEY
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL:JACKSONVILLE
 FL:MIAMI
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA.-IOWA CITY
 ID:BOISE
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 KS:TOPEKA
 ME:AUGUSTA
 MI:LANSING
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MO:JEFFERSON CITY
 MS:JACKSON
 ND:BISMARCK
 NH:CONCORD
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY .-ALBANY
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS
 NY:SYRACUSE
 OH:COLUMBUS
 OH:PAINESVILLE
 OH:TOLEDO
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA:HARRISBURG
 RI: PROVIDENCE
 SC:BARNWELL
 SC:COLUMBIA
 SD:PIERRE
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:NASHVILLE
 TX:AUSTIN
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG

  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

   (pCi/m3)
8
8
8
8
6
6
8
4
7
8
8
8
6
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
4
8
7
5
8
8
8
8
8
5
1
8
8
8
4
8
0.9
0.6
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.0
1.3
0.4
1.2
0.7
2.9
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.6
1.2
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

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                       TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          FEBRUARY 1984
LOCATION
# SAM
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG
  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG
   (pCi/m3)
8
8
8
7
8
8
0.8
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
 TX:EL PASO
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:LYNCHBURG
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MADISON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES -  .1
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT -  .01 pCi/nf

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                             TABLE 4
                      AIRBORNE PARTICIPATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                           MARCH 1984
LOCATION
# SAM
 AL: MONTGOMERY
 CA:BERKELEY
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL:JACKSONVILLE
 FLrMIAMI
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:IOWA CITY
 ID:BOISE
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 KS:TOPEKA
 ME:AUGUSTA
 .MI :LANSING
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MO:JEFFERSON CITY
 MS:JACKSON
 ND:BISMARCK
 NH:CONCORD
 NM:SANTA FE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:ALBANY
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS
 NY:SYRACUSE
 NY:YAPHANK
 OH:COLUMBUS
 OH.-PAINESVILLE
 OH:TOLEDO
 OR: PORTLAND
 PA:HARRISBURG
 RI:PROVIDENCE
 SC:BARNWELL
 SC:COLUMBIA
 SD:PIERRE
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MEN  AVG

  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

   (pCi/m3)
9
8
9
6
9
9
9
9
2
8
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
4
9
9
4
2
9
9
9
9
9
5
3
9
8
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.3
1.2
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

-------
                       TABLE 4 (CONTINUED)
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                           MARCH 1984
LOCATION
# SAM
 5-HR FIELD
  ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG
  (pCi/m3)
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG
   (pCi/m3)
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN: NASHVILLE
TX: AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA: SEATTLE
WA: SPOKANE
WI: MAD I SON
8
5
8
10
9
9
7
9
9
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
.6
.8
.6
.5
.1
.5
.0
.1
.3
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.3
.7
.1
.6
.0
.2
.0
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.03
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3

-------
                      TABLE 5

     GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION

                   JANUARY 1984
 LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NY .-ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC.-BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WI:MADISON
DEPTH
(mm)
145.0
17.2
42.0
102.1
5.0
59.5
25.8
8.2
48.1
12.6
44.8
10.5
24.4
30.0
17.5
12.0
57.5
67.5
125.0
5.0
23.0
30.0
20.0
20.0
196.9
72.5
20.0
ACT.
± 2s
(nC±/m2)
0.23
0.01
0.06
0.20
0.01
0.10
0.17
0.07
0.14
0.02
0.08
0.03
0.08
0.14
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.10
0.02
0.03
0.19
0.02
0.08
1.57
0.14
1.50
0.07
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.19
0.04
0.05
 SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.


 (pCi/1)

ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND   NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
 s   SIGMA COUNTING ERROR

-------
                      TABLE 6

     GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION

                    FEBUARY 1984
 LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL :JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NY:ALBANY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
WI:MADISON
DEPTH   ACT.  + 2s
                     (mm)
 SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.


 (pCi/1)
120.0
52.9
9.0
67.7
73.2
25.0
54.5
13.8
16.0
42.3
39.5
46.3
8.9
79.8
33.9
17.5
38.1
12.5
112.3
180.0
12.5
155.0
86.3
12.5
11.3
0.20
0.02
0.01
0.14
0.11
0.04
0.04
0.00
0.03
0.11
0.32
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.07
0.01
0.07
0.36
0.01
0.16
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.06
0.11
0.01
0.07
0.03
0.01
0.01
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND   NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
 s   SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                          10

-------
                      TABLE 7

     GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION

                     MARCH 1984
 LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
DEPTH
(mm)
115.0
47.3
22.0
125.5
20.0
170.2
55.0
53.8
36.0
123.1
66.8
11.9
74.4
60.0
28.3
7.4
68.4
102.0
68.1
12.5
132.3
59.8
125.0
156.0
158.8
20.0
73.6
70.0
60.0
10.0
128.8
32.5
ACT.
± 2s
(nCi/m2)
0.38
0.05
0.13
0.25
0.15
0.16
0.03
0.06
0.11
0.21
0.07
0.04
0.16
0.13
0.02
0.00
0.15
0.15
0.12
0.05
0.25
0.06
0.17
0.14
0.62
0.03
0.06
0.11
0.05
0.01
0.12
0.03
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.02
0.08
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.07
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.06
0.02
 SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.


 (pCi/1)

ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND   NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
 s   SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                         11

-------
                         TABLE 8

                      PRECIPITATION
                  TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                  JANUARY - MARCH 1984
                        JANUARY
               FEBRUARY
MARCH
LOCATION

AL: MONTGOMERY
CA: BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MIrLANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MADISON
nCi/1 + 2s    nCi/1 + 2s    nCi/1 + 2s
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
3.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
4
1

2

4
3
1

3

5
2
2
3
2
4

3
2
1
2

5
4
1
4
2
1
1
3
4

2
0
0

0

0
0
0

0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
.2
.2

.2

.2
.2
.2

.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
0.
NS
NS
NS
NS
0.
1
1
1
2

1
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
1

1
2
2
2
1
1

7
1

1

1




2
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0

0

0




0
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2

.2

.2




.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
2
1
2
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
3
4
4
1
2
1
1
3
5
1
3
2
2
3
2
2
3

2

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2

NS   NO SAMPLE
 s   SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                12

-------
             Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates

     Environmental radiation levels  of   plutonium  and  uranium  are
determined  by  the  analyses  of   quarterly  composite  samples (air
filters)  collected  from  the  67  continuously  operating   airborne
particulate samplers.

     Analyses of the composited filters  consist of ashing, separating
by  liquid  ion  exchange,  and coprecipitation  of  the  plutonium or
uranium.

     Concentration of  the specific isotopes  of  plutonium-238,   -239,
and uranium-234, ~235, and -238 are determined by  alpha spectroscopy.
The volume of air analyzed normally ranges from 25,000  to 40,000   m^
for each quarterly composite.

     Plutonium and uranium in airborne particulates  data  for  July
September 1983 are shown in Table  9.
                                    13

-------
                                          TABLE 9

                      PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                             JULY - SEPTEMBER 1983 COMPOSITES
                           238
                              Pu
239
   Pu
234
   U
235T
238T
LOCATION

AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DErWILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
LA:IOWA CITY
IDrBOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
ME:AUGUSTA
MIrLANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
.C±/m3+ 2s aCi/m3+ :
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
1
0
2
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
.4
.2
.9
.1
.2
.0
.2
.2
.1
.2
.7
.7
.6
.3
.1
.0
.2
.8
.6
.3
.3
.3
.5
.2
.0
.1
.8
.1
.3
.8
.3
.3
.0
.3
.3
.7
.2
.1
.8
.4
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
1,
0,
1.
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
.6
.3
.9
.4
.4
.6
.2
.4
.3
.3
.9
.1
.8
.4
.3
.4
.3
.3
.8
.1
.4
.2
.6
.3
.6
.2
.6
.2
.4
.0
.4
.3
.2
.4
.8
.7
.7
.3
.6
.8
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
3
2
0
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
1
2
1
0
0
1
2
.6
.1
.7
.3
.7
.3
.3
.6
.6
.7
.6
.6
.4
.7
.1
.0
.0
.1
.4
.9
.1
.0
.8
.8
.6
.0
.9
.0
.7
.7
.7
.8
.0
.1
.2
.0
.8
.9
.3
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
.9
.7
.8
.6
.5
.7
.4
.4
.5
.6
.9
.5
.3
.5
.6
.5
.9
.6
.8
.0
.6
.8
.1
.8
.9
.3
.6
.5
.5
.5
.5
.6
.5
.6
.1
.5
.5
.5
.7
.1
aCi/m3+
17
18
42
53
14
12
16
21
26
26
44
27
58
28
12
16
19
20
15
33
8
16
79
27
49
9
49
20
31
62
21
22
50
15
30
34
20
32
23
17
.6
.3
.4
.2
.2
.4
.2
.6
.3
.9
.2
.2
.7
.5
.5
.0
.7
.7
.9
.9
.1
.5
.3
.9
.2
.4
.3
.2
.6
.4
.8
.6
.7
.4
.1
.7
.6
.8
.7
.3
3
4
7
8
2
2
2
2
4
4
7
5
10
6
2
2
3
3
2
6
1
3
10
4
7
3
6
3
5
10
3
3
9
3
6
4
3
5
4
3
2s
.2
.3
.1
.3
.7
.2
.9
.9
.7
.0
.5
.3
.0
.9
.4
.6
.5
.8
.7
.3
.8
.7
.6
.4
.4
.3
.7
.6
.1
.2
.4
.6
.2
.0
.8
.5
.3
.3
.2
.3
aCi/m3+ 2s
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
0
0
1
2
1
2
0
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
1
1
0
1
3
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
.8
.5
.5
.3
.7
.4
.6
.6
.2
.8
.2
.4
.6
.7
.7
.8
.1
.0
.2
.6
.2
.3
.2
.8
.6
.1
.1
.9
.3
.1
.6
.2
.1
.1
.1
.0
.7
.3
.1
.8
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
.6
.6
.4
.2
.8
.3
.5
.3
.1
.5
.6
.0
.7
.0
.5
.5
.7
.9
.8
.4
.3
.9
.2
.9
.2
.1
.9
.6
.8
.0
.4
.6
.5
.2
.5
.8
.5
.9
.7
.9
aCi/m3+ 2
19
7
36
45
13
9
15
18
16
30
34
30
47
29
11
16
20
19
9
30
8
18
46
26
50
9
49
20
35
63
12
22
44
15
18
32
22
31
20
16
.2
.4
.2
.5
.1
.5
.6
.9
.3
.1
.3
.6
.6
.1
.4
.9
.4
.3
.7
.1
.9
.4
.9
.7
.9
.0
.3
.9
.1
.0
.7
.2
.2
.0
.6
.0
.1
.2
.0
.5
3
2
6
7
2
1
2
2
3
4
6
5
8
6
2
2
3
3
2
5
1
3
7
4
7
3
6
3
5
10
2
3
8
3
5
4
3
5
3
3
.4
.6
.3
.3
.6
.8
.8
.6
.4
.4
.2
.7
.6
.9
.3
.7
.6
.6
.0
.8
.9
.9
.1
.3
.5
.0
.7
.7
.5
.2
.3
.5
.3
.0
.1
.3
.5
.1
.8
.2
                                            14

-------
                                     TABLE 9 (CONTINUED)

                      PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                             JULY - SEPTEMBER 1983 COMPOSITES
                           238pu      239pu
LOCATION                 aCi/m3+ 2s aCi/m3+ 2s    aC±/m3+ 2s  aCi/m3+ 2s  aCi/m3+ 2s

UTrSALT LAKE CITY         0.6 0.7   2.2  1.0      26.7  4.1    1.1 0.6    27.9  4.2
VArLYNCHBURG              0.4 0.7   0.8  0.6     415.6 51.8    8.8 2.1    18.5  3.5
WA:SEATTLE                1.0 0.6   2.3  0.9       9.6  2.1    0.5 0.4     6.8  1.7
WA:SPOKANE                1.2 0.9   0.9  0.7      46.0  9.1    1.9 1.5    42.1  8.6
WV:CHARLESTON             0.4 0.6   0.8  0.5      24.2  5.6    3.1 1.7    28.1  6.3


 s    SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                           15

-------
                               Krypton-85

     Krypton-85 Is a long-lived noble gas with a half  life  of  10.8
years.   It  is  released  into  the  atmosphere  by  nuclear reactor
operations,  fuel  fabrication,  fuel   reprocessing,   and   nuclear
detonations.   Krypton-85  also  occurs naturally in minor quantities
primarily from the neutron capture of stable krypton-84  as  well  as
spontaneous   fission   and   neutron-induced   fission  of  uranium.
Monitoring of krypton-85 in the  atmosphere  has  been  conducted  to
identify and establish baseline levels and long-term trends.

     Krypton-85  analysis  began  in   January   1973   with   sample
collections  and  analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of  the
United  States  with  considerations  being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing  plants,  nuclear  reactors,  and  wide  geographic
coverage.

     Dry compressed air samples,  collected  at  each  location,  are
purchased  from  commercial air suppliers annually and shipped to the
EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted in a
liquid scintillation system.

     The Kr-85 results will be published when they are available.
                                 16

-------
                                                           DATA - EPA
                                 ERAMS
SECTION II.  Water Program

     The ERAMS water  program  provides  ambient  radiation  data  to
assess   the  effects  of  nuclear  fallout,   the  natural  radiation
environment, and  other  nuclear  sources  on  the  nation's  rivers,
streams and drinking water supplies.

                             Surface Water

     Grab  samples  are  taken  quarterly  at  58  stations   located
downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities.

     Surface water monitoring consists of tritium analyses  quarterly
and  gamma  scans  annually.   Tritium  is  the  primary  radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants.

     Tritium concentrations are determined  by  liquid  scintillation
counting of distilled samples.  Gamma scans are performed annually to
determine if there is a buildup of other contaminants.

     Tritium concentrations for surface water samples for  January
March 1984 are given in Table 10.
                                  17

-------
                                  TABLE 10

                               SURFACE WATER
                           TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                           JANUARY - MARCH 1984
 LOCATION

AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CO:GREELEY
CT:EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:MOLINE
IL:MORRIS
IL:OREGON
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI .-MONROE
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
NY.-OSWEGO
NY:POUGHKEEPSIE
OH .'TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
    SOURCE

TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHEE R.
TENNESSEE RIVER
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ROCK RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 6/84
1/12/84
I/ 4/84
1/20/84
I/ 5/84
1/10/84
3/21/84
3/15/84
I/ 5/84
1/18/84
1/11/84
1/10/84
1/20/84
2/15/83
I/ 6/84
1/31/84
2/21/84
1/12/84
I/ 5/84
21 2/84
1/10/84
1/10/84
1/10/84
I/ 7/84
I/ 8/84
I/ 6/84
1/16/84
1/26/84
1/12/84
I/ 5/84
I/ 4/84
1/10/84
I/ 4/84
1/15/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 3/84
21 3/84
1/11/84
I/ 2/84

nCi/1
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
6.5

+ 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
                                     18

-------
                             TABLE 10 (CONTINUED)

                               SURFACE WATER
                           TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                           JANUARY - MARCH 1984
 LOCATION

SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TNrKINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
TXrMATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
WA:NORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV-: WHEELING
    SOURCE

BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
  DATE
COLLECTED

 21 8/84
 I/ 3/84
 2/ 9/84
 I/ 6/84
 1/26/84
 I/ 9/84
 1/12/84
 1/11/84
 1/20/84
 1/16/84
 I/ 9/84
 1/24/84
nCi/1
 0.3
            2s
   .7
   .5
0.
0.
4.8
0.2
0.2
3.8
0.2
0.
0.
  .3
  .4
 0.3
 0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                       19

-------
                             Drinking Water

     The drinking water program provides ambient radiation monitoring
relevant  to  the  effects  of  the  nuclear  power industry, natural
environmental levels, and other pertinent sources.   These data  serve
to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with
standards set forth in the EPA  "National  Interim  Primary  Drinking
Water   Regulations."  These  regulations  provide  for  approval  of
supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228  levels  do  not
exceed  5  pCi/1,  when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium)
levels do not exceed 15 pCi/1, when  tritium  levels  do  not  exceed
20,000 pCi/1, when the strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1,  and
when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.

     Grab samples are taken  at  78  sites  which  are  either  major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.

     The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis (b)  gross
alpha,  gross  beta,  strontium-90  and  gamma  on annual composites.
Radium-226 analyses are performed if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/1;
and  radium-228  analyses  are  performed  if the radium-226 activity
falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1) (c) specific iodine-131 is performed  on
one  quarterly  sample  per  year  for  each  station  (d)  an annual
composite for  plutonium-238,  -239,  uranium-234,   -235,  -238,  for
stations which demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2 pCi/1.

     Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of  the
distilled  samples,  gross  beta,  and  gross alpha by evaporating an
aliquot on stainless steel planchets for counting,  and radium-226  by
the standard emanation technique.  Strontium-90 is determined by beta
counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.

     The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for January
March 1984 are shown in Table 11.

     All samples were  taken  as  either  a  single  grab  sample  or
composite samples taken over 12 to 14 days.
                                    20

-------
                       TABLE 11

                    DRINKING WATER
                TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                JANUARY - MARCH 1984
 LOCATION

AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
ALrSCOTTSBORO
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
COrDENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CTrHARTFORD
DE .-DOVER
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
DATE
COLLECTED
1/11/84
1/16/84
1/10/84
I/ 5/84
I/ 4/84
1/11/84
I/ 4/84
1/27/84
1/27/84
I/ 6/84
I/ 3/84
I/ 3/84
1/23/84
1/10/84
1/25/84
1/11/84
1/17/84
1/20/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 5/84
I/ 4/84
1/30/84
I/ 4/84
21 2/84
I/ 3/84
1/10/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 9/84
1/12/84
I/ 3/84
1/16/84
1/12/84
1/10/84
I/ 3/84
1/12/84
I/ 5/84
I/ 4/84
1/11/84

nCi/1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
3.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.4

± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
                          21

-------
                  TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)

                    DRINKING WATER
                TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                JANUARY - MARCH 1984
 LOCATION

NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC: SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 4/84
I/ 5/84
1/11/84
I/ 6/84
I/ 5/84
1/10/84
I/ 3/84
1/10/84
1/12/84
1/10/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 4/84
1/12/84
1/11/84
1/12/84
1/19/84
I/ 6/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 3/84
21 7/84
1/27/84
1/24/84
1/31/84
I/ 4/84
I/ 9/84
2/21/84
I/ 3/84
11 6/84
1/26/84
1/20/84
I/ 9/84
1/10/84
I/ 5/84

nCi/1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2

+ 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
 s
      SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                            22

-------
SECTION III.  External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program

     The external gamma monitoring program,  which  began  in  October
1978,  provides  a  continuous  measurement  of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United  States.   Data  from  this  program   will be used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions  and  to  provide  a  means  of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels due  to weapons  fallout,   reactor
operations,   etc.    Initially,   the   program   will   consist   of
approximately  22  sites  representing  a wide  geographic  coverage
throughout  the  country.   Hopefully,  at some later date additional
sites will be added to the program.  Although  exposure  measurements
at  these  few  sites  are  not  totally representative of nationwide
exposures, they will be indicative of national trends.

     The  monitoring  program  utilizes   CaF2.-Mn   thermo luminescent
dosimeters  (TLD's).   These  dosimeters  are  commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields.   A group
of  four  TLD's  is  located at each station or site.  Dosimeters  are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in  the  field.
The  dosimeters  are  returned  to EERF for  readout on an approximate
one-month cycle.  Several dosimeters  are annealed  by  the  station
operator  as  controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.

     Results from the period January - March 1984 are shown in  Table
12.
                                    23

-------
                               TABLE 12
            ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
                                         INTEGRATED       EXPOSURE
     LOCATION          DATE RANGE         EXPOSURE          RATE
                                         MR
MICRO R/HR + 2 s *
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL: MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CO :DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO :DENVER
FL: ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
NY:NEW YORK
OH: COLUMBUS
OH: COLUMBUS
OH:'COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
OR:PORTLAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:HARRISBURG
10384- 20184
20184- 30184
30184- 40284
11384- 20184
20184- 30584
30584- 33084
11284- 20684
20684- 30284
30284- 40384
11684- 20684
20684- 32284
11284- 20984
20984- 30884
30884- 40584
10684- 30284
30284- 40584
90683-100583
11184- 13084
13084- 22884
22884- 40284
91483-100383
120783- 11784
11784- 21784
21784- 30984
30984- 41084
10984- 13184
13184- 22884
22884- 33084
121583- 22184
22184- 31284
10984- 20184
20184- 30184
30184- 40284
122083- 20284
20284- 31284
31284- 41084
11284- 13184
13184- 30584
30584- 40484
11384- 13084
13084- 30584
30584- 40284
4.9
4.4
5.4
2.7
4.5
3.5
9.2
9.0
11.5
3.1
6.1
7.5
7.8
7.8
9.9
5.9
6.3
4.1
6.8
8.4
4.5
13.9
10.7
6.9
10.8
3.8
4.2
5.1
9.4
5.1
3.7
4.7
5.2
8.2
6.8
5.3
3.6
6.1
5.7
2.6
5.1
4.3
7.0
6.6
6.8
6.0
5.9
5.8
15.3
15.7
14.5
6.2
5.8
11.1
12.0
11.3
7.5
7.0
9.1
9.1
9.8
10.2
9.8
14.2
14.4
14.4
13.6
7.2
6.2
7.1
5.8
11.2
6.6
6.9
6.6
7.7
7.4
7.4
7.9
7.7
7.7
6.5
6.2
6.1
7.0
7.1
10.5
5.5
8.5
19.0
7.1
5.1
7.1
9.2
7.9
9.3
4.9
9.4
6.7
8.1
13.6
7.6
12.3
5.1
8.0
23.9
7.1
5.1
7.4
7.1
11.3
9.6
12.8
7.2
14.3
16.8
10.5
5.6
8.0
8.2
7.7
9.1
8.6
13.6
8.0
8.3
                                   24

-------
                         TABLE 12 (CONTINUED)
            ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
                                         INTEGRATED       EXPOSURE
     LOCATION          DATE RANGE         EXPOSURE          RATE
RI:PROVIDENCE
RI:PROVIDENCE
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCrBARNWELL
SC:BARNWELL
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
                                         MR
10684- 21584
21584- 30584
30584- 41384
11284- 13084
13084- 30184
30184- 40584
10684- 12784
12784- 22884
22884- 33084
10584- 20184
20184- 30284
30284- 40684
11184- 20284
20284- 30184
30184- 40284
121283- 12084
12084- 21084
21084- 30584
30584- 40484
9.5
4.7
10.0
3.5
6.2
6.6
4.1
6.2
6.3
6.5
7.2
8.1
3.7
5.8
6.4
7.0
3.5
4.1
4.9
MICRO R/HR + 2 s *
  9.9
 11.0
 10.4
  8.1
  8.6
  7.6
  8.2
  8.0
  8.7
 10.0
 10.3
  9.4
  7.0
  8.9
  8.1
  7.5
  6.9
  7.3
  6.6
 3.9
 5.6
 8.0
 6.3
 7.3
 7.8
 6.4
 5.9
 7.1
 6.3
 6.7
 7.6
11.2
12.0
 5.9
 8.4
14.3
13.2
 7.6
*  s = SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
                                    25

-------
SECTION IV.  Milk Program

                            Pasteurized Milk

     This is a cooperative program of the EPA, ORP and the Dairy  and
Lipid  Products  Branch,  Milk  Sanitation  Section,   Food  and  Drug
Administration.   Milk  is  a  reliable  indicator  of  the   general
populations  intake  of radionuclides since it is consumed by a large
segment of the population and contains several  of  the  biologically
important  contaminants  resulting  from  environmental releases from
nuclear activities.  A primary function of this program is to  obtain
reliable   monitoring   data   relative   to   current   radionuclide
concentrations and determine any long-term trends.

     Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with  one  or
more located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal.   These
are composite samples representing more than 80 percent of  the  milk
consumed in a given population center.

     These  samples  are   analyzed   for   iodine-131,   barium-140,
cesium-137,  and  potassium.  All 65 samples are analyzed annually in
July for strontium-89, and strontium-90.  Also, for the  first  month
of  the  three  quarters  beginning  January,  April   and October,  10
regional composite samples of milk made up  from  the  states  within
each   of   EPA's  10  regions  are  analyzed  for  strontium-89  and
strontium-90.

     Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are  determined
by  gamma  spectral  analysis.   Strontium-89  and  strontium~90  are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate  which  has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.

     The values from the pasteurized milk samples for January - March
1984 are shown in Tables 13-15.

     Strontium  values  from  regional  composite  samples  collected
January - March 1984 are shown in Table 16.

                            Tritium in Milk

     It was previously proposed to analyze all 65  milk  samples  for
tritium in the aqueous and organic phases, on an annual basis (on the
April  sample).   The  EERF  is  currently   evaluating   alternative
analytical  techniques  anticipating  that  these analyses will begin
during the coming year.
                                     26

-------
                                  TABLE 13
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
                                JANUARY 1984
LOCATION

 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CA:SACRAMENTO
 CA:SAN FRANCISCO
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DC:WASHINGTON
 FL:TAMPA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN:INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:WICHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA:BOSTON
 MD:BALTIMORE
 ME:PORTLAND
 MI:DETROIT
 MI:GRAND RAPIDS
 MNMINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST  PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST  LOUIS
 MS:JACKSON
 MT: HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM: ALBUQUERQUE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
I/
I/
5/84
3/84
1/17/84
11
I/
I/
11
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
3/84
4/84
3/84
6/84
6/84
9/84
3/84
9/84
2/84
9/84
6/84
3/84
3/84
2/84
1/10/84
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
6/84
4/84
4/84
3/84
9/84
4/84
5/84
4/84
1/10/84
I/
I/
3/84
3/84
1/16/84
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
6/84
9/84
4/84
3/84
9/84
9/84
9/84
3/84
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K


8/1+28
.55
.51
.60
.59
.62
.52
.60
.71
.64
.67
.52
.64
.57
.49
.71
.57
.48
.68
.63
.57
.61
.59
.54
.63
.60
.59
.57
.67
.57
.72
.44
.58
.60
.58
.45
.64
.70
.64
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.13
.12
.09
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.08
.12
.13
.08
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.23
.13
.08
.12
.09
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
5
2
-2
2
-4
0
-1
-1
11
0
1
5
-1
2
3
-2
5
3
0
2
2
0
1
-4
0
5
7
6
11
0
2
-2
1
-2
-2
-1
0
3
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
140
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-7
-2
-4
-2
1
1
-3
-5
-6
2
7
4
-5
-5
1
1
-3
"•6
0
1
0
-2
-3
-2
-8
5
-4
•••1
-2
-6
4
-5
5
1
6
-7
-4
-4
8
6
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
6
6
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
20
8
6
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
131]
[
pCi/l+2s
2
-1
3
-3
-3
-4
-2
2
-5
0
-6
4
-1
4
-1
-2
1
0
W.O
-6
-1
2
-L
-4.
4
-2.
4
4
-3
1
0
3
0
-2
-2
0
3
4
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
                                         27

-------
                             TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                JANUARY 1984
LOCATION

 OH:CINCINNATI
 OH:CLEVELAND
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA PHILADELPHIA
 PA:PITTSBURGH
 PC:CRISTOBAL
 PR:SAN JUAN
 SC:CHARLESTON
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 TX:AUSTIN
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:NORFOLK
 VT:BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WV:CHARLESTON
 WYiLARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 9/84
I/ 9/84
1/16/84
I/ 9/84
I/ 3/84
I/ 3/84
1/26/84
1/13/84
1/23/84
1/26/84
I/ 3/84
I/ 3/84
1/26/84
11 2/84
I/ 7/84
1/20/84
I/ 3/84
I/ 3/84
I/ 3/84
11 3/84
1/25/84
I/ 9/84

K

g/l±2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.64
.62
.71
.57
.67
.54
.50
.65
.77
.46
.58
.62
.57
.54
.66
.51
.52
.62
.47
.64
.59
.65
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

s
.12
.12
.13
.12
.13
.12
.12
.23
.23
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
.12
.09
.12
.12
.12
.12
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-2
4
-4
1
~-*7
i
8
3
15
2
6
-2
-2
4
-2
3
7
2
5
» 9
-2
-4
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
15
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
140
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-7
-6
•fcfl
— 6
0
1
-4
-9
5
-3
•••9
-5
5
*"• S
4
4
—7
2
-5
1
1
-6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
19
20
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
131
I
pCi/l+2s
5
3
-1
-3
1
1
"-^
-1
14
1
7
2
••.O
6
2
0
1
1
5
0
-4
"•^
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                         28

-------
                                  TABLE 14 '
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
                               FEBRUARY 1984
LOCATION

 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CA:SACRAMENTO
 CArSAN FRANCISCO
 COrDENVER
 CO: DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DC:WASHINGTON
 FL:TAMPA
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 ID .-IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN: INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:WICHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA:BOSTON
 MD: BALTIMORE
 ME PORTLAND
 MI:DETROIT
 MN: MINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST  PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST  LOUIS
 MS:JACKSON
 MT:HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NM:ALBUQUERQUE
 NY .-BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
9/84
6/84
8/84
8/84
1/84
8/84
1/84
2/29/84
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
6/84
3/84
8/84
6/84
7/84
6/84
1/84
6/84
6/84
6/84
7/84
2/84
7/84
3/84
7/84
9/84
6/84
1/84
8/84
8/84
7/84
6/84
7/84
6/84
2/14/84
21
21
21
21
21
6/84
6/84
6/84
6/84
6/84
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K


g/l±2s
.46
.58
.58
.65
.59
.53
.44
.51
.57
.54
.63
.58
.65
.59
.62
.57
.59
.57
.55
.59
.49
.63
.80
.63
.67
.87
.51
.62
.56
.62
.84
.57
.61
.51
.55
.52
.67
.65
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
12
08
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
23
12
13
24
12
12
12
12
24
12
12
12
12
12
13
12
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
••.O
3
-1
-1
-2
2
-4
-3
-1
1
8
2
••-I
4
2
-5
-4
-1
2
5
10
5
4
3
0
9
0
4
3
™-1
1
-3
1
5
-6
-5
-1
2
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
14
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
140R_ 131T
Dei -L
pCi/l+2s
1
6
-2
1
-2
4
2
0
-9
5
1
0
-3
-4
5
-3
0
-2
-2
-5
0
0
3
0
-1
8
0
-3
1
-3
-3
-1
1
-1
0
2
5
1
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
20
8
8
20
8
8
8
8
20
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
pCi/l+2s
-1
0
4
-7
-2
-3
-3
-1
3
-4
0
0
-1
0
1
3
1
0
-1
2
-5
-5
5
-1
-1
-9.
0
1.
-3
-1
1
1
-6
-3
0
-4
-7
3
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
14
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
                                          29

-------
                             TABLE 14 (CONTINUED)
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
                                FEBRUARY 1984
LOCATION

 OH:CINCINNATI
 OH:CLEVELAND
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA:PHILADELPHIA
 PA:PITTSBURGH
 PC:CRISTOBAL
 PR:SAN JUAN
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 TX:AUSTIN
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VT:BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
11 6/84
21 7/84
2/13/84
2/14/84
2/ 6/84
21 8/84
2/23/84
2/ 2/84
2/23/84
21 7/84
21 6/84
2/23/84
21 6/84
21 6/84
21 3/84
21 1/84
21 1/84
21 7/84

K

g/l±2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.55
.53
.58
.65
.59
.40
.57
.59
.62
.53
.69
.52
.50
.53
.66
.63
.62
.57
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

s
.12
.12
.12
.09
.08
.12
.12
.16
.12
.12
.23
.12
.12
.12
.09
.12
.08
.08
u/
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-1
0
2
3
1
0
11
5
8
2
11
"•1
3
5
0
-1
2
-2
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
10
7
7
14
7
7
7
5
7
5
5
i<4U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-7
-1
5
0
-2
3
»k1
1
5
5
9
6
•^0
-1
0
-6
"-9
0
8
8
8
6
6
8
8
14
8
8
20
8
8
8
6
8
6
6
iji
I
pCi/l+2s
-3
1
-4
0
0
5
-4
0
-2
-6
9
0
5
-4
0
1
-4
1
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
10
7
7
14
7
7
7
5
7
5
5
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                          30

-------
                                  TABLE 15
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
                                 MARCH 1984
LOCATION

 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CArLOS ANGELES
 CA:SACRAMENTO
 CA:SAN FRANCISCO
 CT:HARTFORD
 FL:TAMPA
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 KS:WICHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA:BOSTON
 MD:BALTIMORE
 ME:PORTLAND
 MI :DETROIT
 MI:GRAND RAPIDS
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST  PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST  LOUIS
 MS:JACKSON
 MT:HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 NDrMINOT
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM:ALBUQUERQUE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/
3/
3/
8/84
6/84
7/84
3/20/84
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
1/84
5/84
2/84
6/84
5/84
5/84
5/84
3/15/84
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
5/84
2/84
6/84
8/84
6/84
2/84
7/84
8/84
6/84
5/84
5/84
7/84
7/84
6/84
6/84
5/84
7/84
3/27/84
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
9/84
5/84
7/84
5/84
6/84
5/84
5/84
5/84
K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.59
.57
.62
.52
.71
.59
.56
.58
.62
.56
.62
.55
.57
.63
.47
.61
.70
.63
.63
.64
.65
.52
.53
.67
.54
.64
.65
.69
.66
.57
.36
.49
.63
.62
.60
.56
.65
.62
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
12
12
12
12
13
08
08
12
12
12
12
12
08
08
12
12
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
12
12
12
23
09
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
0.09
137
Cs
pCl/l+2s
2
0
-5
-4
3
0
3
12
0
-5
•*!
0
i
2
0
5
2
2
5
1
2
0
-3
-3
-1
0
-1
3
-3
2
2
0
3
1
-1
1
2
3
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
140
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-4
-3
-2
-8
7
-2
2
-6
-3
3
2
-2
-4
-3
"1
3
-4
0
-1
-2
-6
-3
2
0
0
-4
—6
-13
-3
0
2
2
-8
-5
-7
1
-6
0
8
8
8
8
8
6
6
8
8
8
8
8
6
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
19
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
131;
[
pCi/l+2s
-2
4
-5
0
0
-4
0
3
0
-3
-3
1
0
2
5
-3
-5
5
0
0
2
3
3.
-3
-3.
-1
2
10
0
3
3
-2
-1
1
-4
0
-4
-2
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
                                           31

-------
                             TABLE 15 (CONTINUED)

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                  MARCH 1984
LOCATION

 OH:CINCINNATI
 OH:CLEVELAND
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA PHILADELPHIA
 PA:PITTSBURGH
 SC:CHARLESTON
 SC:CHARLESTON
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:NORFOLK
 VT: BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WV:CHARLESTON
 WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/12/84
3/ 7/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 7/84
3/ 2/84
3/27/84
3/16/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 5/84
3/28/84
3/ 5/84
3/15/84
3/ 5/84
3/29/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 5/84
3/ 1/84
3/29/84
3/12/84
3/12/84

K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.63
.56
.60
.61
.61
.59
.59
.70
.51
.49
.57
.55
.68
.61
.59
.53
.54
.55
.60
.63
.62
.55
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.12
.23
.12
.12
.08
.12
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-1
1
0
-1
2
"*1
1
7
-2
1
-2
3
-2
4
1
1
3
2
0
3
0
0
7
7
5
7
7
5
7
14
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
140
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-2
-6
-4
-7
-1
-2
-2
-4
-1
1
5
2
2
-1
1
-6
-5
-1
1
-6
-4
-2
8
8
6
8
8
6
8
20
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
131
I
pCi/l+2s
-4
3
0
1
0
0
1
-4
-1
-1
-5
-4
-1
-2
-4
-2
-3
2
-1
4
4
-4
7
7
5
7
7
5
7
14
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                           32

-------
                     TABLE 16

STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK

             EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES

              JANUARY - MARCH 1984
EPA                    90Sr             89Sr
REGION               pCi/1 + 2s       pCi/1 + 2s*

 I                    2.4  0.4          1   0
 II                   2.4  0.6          0   1
 III                  2.3  0.9          1   1
 IV                   2.8  0.7          0   2
 V                    2.9  0.4          1   0
 VI                   2.5  0.6          0   1
 VII                  2.3  0.7          1   1
 VIII                 1.8  0.6          1   1
 IX                   0.8  0.6          1   1
 X                    1.4  0.4          0   0
        SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
        ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
        THE COUNTING ERROR
                           33

-------
                           Carbon-14 in Milk

     Nine  stations,   chosen  for  wide  geographical   distribution,
contribute  milk  samples  for  annual analysis for carbon-14.   These
samples have  monitored  the  carbon-14  levels  in  the  food   chain
resulting from nuclear testing.

     Analysis  consists  of  combusting  the  samples  and  measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.

     Data will be published as it becomes available.
                                  34

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     THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO
              RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
                     100 EAST ERIE STREET
                    CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60611

     RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE CHICAGO AREA WATERWAYS
                   JANUARY TO DECEMBER 1983

     The three river systems of the greater Chicago area —

Chicago, Calumet, and Des Plaines — are under the jurisdiction

of the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago

 (District).  They comprise 170 miles (273.6 Km) of waterways.

The District maintains a monitoring program of the water qual-

ity of these systems with regards to the standards established

by the Illinois Pollution Control Board (IPCB) as well as for

the purpose of detecting any changes with respect to the water

quality of the past and future years.   The analyses for total

alpha and beta radioactivity have been a part of this overall

monitoring program of the river systems since mid-1975.  The

program is an ongoing.activity of the District and this report

presents the results for 1983.

     Samples for radioactivity were collected in HCl-contain-

ing plastic bottles once a month at a predetermined number of

locations:  17 on the Chicago River, 12 on the Calumet River,

and 19 on the Des Plaines River, the latter system having an

additional sampling location, Walnut Lane, in 1983 over the

previous years.

     A 500 ml aliquot of a water sample was evaporated to

approximately 20 ml, transferred into an evaporting dish,

evaporated to dryness, and flamed until no vapors were given
                                35

-------
off.  The remaining solids were scraped loose, ground with a



pestle, and then transferred onto a counting planchet.  A cou-



ple of drops of carbon tetrachloride were added to help evenly



spread the solids.  Subsequently, the samples were counted 100



minutes for total alpha and 100 minutes for total beta activity



by the use of a Beckman Widebeta II proportional counter which



was previously calibrated with radium-226 and cesium-137,



respectively, for total alpha and total beta determinations.



     The results of the determinations for the year 1983 are



tabulated in Tables 1-3 in terms of the number of samples



analyzed, the yearly low, high, and average (x)  total alpha



and total beta concentration for each sampling location; the



reported error is given by



                          e = 1.96 S-
                                    X



where S- is the standard error of the average net activity.
       X
                              36

-------
THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO

                      TABLE 1

                 CHICAGO RIVER SYSTEM
     TOTAL ALPHA AND BETA CONCENTRATION IN WATER
               January to December 1983
STATION 4SAMPLES
ANALYZED
County Line Road* West
Fork* North Branch* 12
Chicago River
County Line Road* Middle
Fork* North Branch* 10
Chicago River
County Line Road*
Skokie River 12
Dempster St. *
North Branch* Chicago River 12
Central Ave.*
North Shore Channel 11
Touhy Avenue*
North Shore Channel 11
Wilson Ave. *
North Branch* Chicago River 11
Diversey Ave.r
North Branch* Chicago River 12
Grand Ave. *
North Brsnchr Chicago River 12
Outer Drive Bridge*
Chicago River 12
Madison St.*
South Branch* Chicago River 12
Damen Avenue*
South Branch* Chicago River 12
Cicero Ave. *
Chicago Sanitary X Ship Canal 12
Harlem Ave. *
Chicago Sanitary & Ship Canal 12
TOTAL ALPHA pCi/1 *SAMPLES TOTAL BETA pCi/1
LOW HIGH AVERAGE *ERROR ANALYZED LOW HIGH AVERAGE * ERROR
0.00 9.88 1.48 0.20 12 8.56 28.25 14.13 0.45
0.00 6.72 1.33 0.19 10 6.64 22.02 11.47 0.45
0.00 5.95 1.00 0.18 12 7.71 16.03 10.44 0.40
0.00 5.10 1.50 0.20 12 8.10 21.07 12.07 0.41
0.00 0.67 0.12 O.O8 10 0.85 6.76 5.08 0.35
0.00 0.93 0.20 0.12 12 3.74 12,12 8.81 0.38
0.00 0.85 0.32 0.13 11 6.94 14.79 9.72 0.40
0.00 1.09 0.39 0.13 12 6.58 12.76 9.81 0.39
0.00 1.64 0.38 0.13 12 4.69 15.21 8.99 0.38
0.00 3.62 0.56 0.11 12 2.97 12.30 5,29 0.34
0.00 2.47 0.67 0.12 12 4.44 8.96 6.94 0.35
0.00 1.48 0.41 0.12 12 4.61 9,50 7.15 0.35
0.00 1.01 0.29 0.11 12 4.45 11.29 7.19 0.35
0.00 1.57 0.43 0.12 12 6.25 10.77 8.38 0.36

-------
                                           THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO

                                                            TABLE 1 (Continued)

                                                            CHICAGO RIVER SYSTEM
                                                TOTAL ALPHA AND BETA CONCENTRATION IN WATER
                                                          January to December 1983

Route 83
Chicago
Stephens
Chicago
16th St.
Chicago
STATION
f
Sanitary &
St.,
Sanitaru S
r
Sanitaru S
tSAMPLES
ANALYZED
Ship Canal 12
Ship Canal 12
Ship Canal 12
LOU
0.00
0.00
0.00
TOTAL ALPHA
HIGH
.2.02
4.56
0.70
pCi/1
AVERAGE
0.48
0.88
0.36
* ERROR
0.13
0.15
0.14
tSAMPLES
ANALYZED
12
12
12
LOU
4.83
6.27
4.07
TOTAL BETA
HIGH
11.85
15.79
14.32
pCi/1
AVERAGE
8.08
10.33
9.88
* ERROR
0.37
0.39
0.39
        *ERROR (e) = 1.96 S- where S- is the standard error of the average net activity.
00

-------
THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO

                      TABLE 2

                 CALUMET RIVER SYSTEM
     TOTAL ALPHA AND BETA CONCENTRATION IN WATER
               January to December 1983
STATION
Euing Ave.r
Calumet River
Wolf Laker Burnham Ave.r
(Overflow Ditch)
Indiana Harbor
Belt RR Bridget
Grand Calumet River
Wentuorth Ave.r
Little Calumet River
Joe Orr Roadr
Thorn Creek
130th St.r
Calumet River
Indians Ave. 8 135th St.r
Little Calumet River
Halsted St.r
Little Calumet River
Ashland Ave. near 135th St.r
Little Calumet River
Ashland Ave.r
Cal-Sa<3 Channel
Cicero Ave.r
Cal-Sasf Channel
Route 83 Bridser
Cal-Saa Channel
*ERROR (e) = 1.96 S- where S-
tSAMPLES TOTAL ALPHA pCi/1 tSAMPLES
ANALYZED LOW HIGH AVERAGE *ERROR ANALYZED
10
10
11
12
10
11
10
12
10
12
11
11
is the
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
standard error
1.24
0.88
5.30
1.72
10.59
1.33
1.74
3.46
2.08
1.36
2.43
0.85
of the
0.36 0.12 10
0.26 0.11 10
1.05 0.21 11
0.66 0.19 11
1.97 0.60 10
0.43 0.13 11
0.47 0.14 10
0.60 0.16 12
0.87 0.25 10
0.53 0.16 12
0.43 0.15 11
0.24 0.14 9
average net activity.
TOTAL BETA PCi/1
LOW HIGH AVERAGE * ERROR
3.04 17.83 5.83 0.36
5.82 8.73 6.88 0.37
2.48 13.55 11.13 0.43
7.22 13.12 10.50 0.41
13.46 27.60 20.03 0.62
5.01 16.04 10.11 0.41
6.50 16.53 10.70 0.43
7.14 15.62 12.43 0.42
8.46 16.08 11.93 0.46
6.20 15.95 11.86 0.42
6.81 16.85 10.98 0.42
7.20 16.90 11.22 0.47


-------
                         THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO

                                               TABLE 3

                                        DES PLAINEB RIVER SYSTEM
                              TOTAL ALPHA AND BETA CONCENTRATION IN WATER
                                        January to December 1983
STATION
                    #SAMPLES
                    ANALYZED
                                 LOU
                                                 TOTAL ALPHA pCi/1
                                                    HIGH     AVERAGE
                                                              ERROR
                                    *SAMPLES
                                     ANALYZED
                                              TOTAL BETA pCi/1
                                        LOU      HIGH     AVERAGE
                                                                    * ERROR
Longmeadou Laner upstream of
Hanover Park Treatment Plantp     12
Du Page River

Lake St.p downstream of
Hanover Park Treatment Plantp     12
Du Page River

Ualnut Laner downstream of
Hanover Park Treatment Plantp      7
U. Br. Du Page River

Elmhurst Roadp upstream of
O'Hare Treatment Pl'antp          12
Hiaains Creek

Uille Road p downstream of
O'Hare Treatment Plantp          12
Hiaains Creek

Hiaains Roadr upstream of
Egan Treatment Plantp            11
Salt Creek

Arlington Heights Roadp
downstream of Egan               10
Treatment PlantpSalt Creek

Devon Ave.>
Salt Creek                       11

County Line Roadp
Des Plaines River                11

County Line Roadp
Buffalo Creek                    12

Oakton St.p
Des Plaines River                11

Belmont Ave.p
Des Plaines River                12
                                 0.00      1.32      0.66      0.59      12
                                 0.00      8.84      1.57      0.26      12
                                 0.00      2.07      0.73      0.27
                                 0.00      3.53      0.79      0.34
                                 0.00      3.06      0.97      0.25      12
0.00



0.00



0.00


0.00


0.00


0.42


0.00
2.53



4.29



3.07


1.92


5.90


3.39


1.66
                                                     0.93
                                                     1.17
                                                     1.10
                                                     0.54
                                                     1.09
                                                     1.24
                                                     0.75
                                                               0.15
                                                               0.25
                                                               0.23
                                                               0.16
                                                               0.22
                                                               0.24
                                                               0.21
                                                                         11
                                                                         12
                                                                         12
                                                                         12
                                                                         12
                                                                         12
                                                                         12
                                                                                   7.40     23.20     12.34      0.44
                                                                                   8.83     25.24     17.08      0.50
                                                                                  11.99     23.64     19.48      0.69
                                                                                   6.03     25.35     10.37      0.41
                                                                                   7.60     28.36     18.35      0.51
                                                                                   6.36     11.61
                                                                                   9.29     27.81
                                                                                   9.15     27.34
                                                                                   0.17     18.17
                                                                                   7.2
                                                                                   7.24
                                                                                            11.24
                                                                                                       8.57
                                                                                                      15.02
                                                                                                      16.50
                                                                                                      10.13
                                                                                                       9.63
                                                                                            16.68     11.35
                                                                                   8.28     27.06
                                                                                                      13.05
0.39



0.47



0.48


0.40


0.39


0.42


0.44

-------
                                   THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY  DISTRICT  OF  GREATER  CHICAGO

                                                    TABLE 3  (Continued)

                                                  DES PLAINES RIVER  SYSTEM
                                        TOTAL ALPHA AND BETA  CONCENTRATION  IN  WATER
                                                          to  December  1983
STATION
Roosevelt Road*
DBS PLairtes River
Uolf Rosdf
Salt Creek
First Ave.r
Salt Creek
Ogden sAve » r
Des Plaines River
Willow Sp-riwSs Roadi
Des Plaines 'River
Stephens St. »
Des Plaines River
Chicaao-E lain Rd . »
Poplsr Creek
tSAMPLES TOTAL ALPHA pCi/1 *SAMPLES TOTAL BETA pCi/1
ANALYZED LOW HIGH AVERAGE * ERROR ANALYZED LOU HIGH AVERAGE * ERROR
12 O.OO 11.78 1.55 O.22 12 9.62 19.84 12.21 0.43
12 0.00 2.52 0.98 0.27 12 10.17 25.18 1A.O9 O.49
12 0.00 4.21 1.24 0.25 12 9.19 22.98 16.13 0.49
12 O.OO 1.75 0.75 0.19 12 9.67 2O.86 12.86 0.44
11 0.27 2.39 0.71 0,17 11 8.06 22.12 12.57 0.45
12 0.00 1.44 0.57 0.19 12 9.44 20.91 13.21 0.44
10 O.®0 2.33 0.66 0.14 11 4.65 17.25, 7.76 0.38
*ERROR (e) = 1.96 S- wheipe. S- is the standard error of  the average net activity.

-------
     ENVIRONMENTAL  RADIATION  DATA  (ERD)   is   published    quarterly
(January,   April,  July,   October)   by   the U.    S.   Environmental
Protection Agency's  Office  of Radiation  Programs.

     Requests for information concerning publication and distribution
of ERD should be directed  to:

                            Charles  M. Petko
                        Technical  Support Branch
                Eastern Environmental Radiation  Facility
                           1890 Federal  Drive
                       Montgomery, Alabama   36109

     Requests for  information  concerning   the  operation   of  ERAMS
should be directed to:

                        H.  Michael Mardis, Chief
               Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
                Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
                           1890 Federal  Drive
                       Montgomery, Alabama   36109
                                or to:
                         Lewis Battist, Chief
                  Environmental Studies and Statistics
               Analysis and Support Division (ANR-461)
                U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
                         Waterside Mall East
                           401 M Street, SW
                        Washington, DC   20460
                                 ***

-------