United States           Office of             Occupational Health
           Environmental Protection       Administration           and Safety Staff
           Agency
&EPA    1440 - Occupational Health
                   and Safety Manual

           1986 Edition

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ftEPA TRANSMITTAL
                1440
CLASSIFICATION NO.:
   tOVAL DATE:
                3/18/86
                                                            210R86OO1
               OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND  SAFETY MANUAL
  1.  PURPOSE;   This Transmittal revises  the^ Occupational Health
  and Safety Manual.

  2.  EXPLANATION.  The Manual establishes policy, responsibilities
  and procedures for the conduct of the Agency's Occupational Health
  and Safety programs.

  3.  SUPERSESSION.  The Occupational Health and Safety Manual and
  all Transmittals.

  4.  FILING INSTRUCTIONS.  Discard the old Manual and file the
  attached in a three-ring binder.   Post  receipt of Transmittal
  in front of Manual.
                               Gary'M.  Katz,  Dir«\tor
                               Management  and Organization Division
ORIGINATOR;
                Occupational Health and Safety Staff/Office of
                  Administration
EPA Form 1315-12 (R«v. 7-82) REPLACES EPA FORMS 1315-1A AND THE PREVIOUS EDITION OF 1315-12.

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CHECKLIST OF EPA TRANSMITTALS
TITLE
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL — 1986 EDITION
When kept current, this checklist permits the user to see at a glance which transmittals have been filed.
SERIES
NUMBER
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EPA Form 1315-4 (Rev. 7-73)
                                                     PREVIOUS EDITIONS ARE OBSOLETE.

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                           CONTENTS  OF  CHAPTERS
CHAPTER                                                      CHAPTER
TITLES                                                       NUMBERS

POLICY AND RESPONSIBILITIES 	     1
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION 	     2
ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS INVESTIGATION,  REPORTING AND
  RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS 	     3
INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTION OF  UNHEALTHFUL OF  UNSAFE
  WORKING CONDITIONS 	     4
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEES 	     5
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS 	     6
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING 	     7
LABORATORY USE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES ..,	     8
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES RESPONSES	     9
EPA DIVING SAFETY POLICY 	    10

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                    CHAPTER 1 - POLICY AND RESPONSIBILITIES

                              Table of Contents

PARAGRAPH                                                       PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                          NUMBERS

Purpose	   1
Policy  	   2
References  	   3
Definitions	   4
Applicabi1i ty 	,	   5
Background  	,	   6
Responsibilities 	   7

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                      CHAPTER 1 - POLICY  AND  RESPONSIBILITIES

1.  PURPOSE.  This Manual establishes  policy,  responsibilities,  and
procedures for the conduct of the Agency's  Occupational  Health and Safety
programs.
2.  POLICY.  It is the policy of the Environmental Protection Agency to
administer its programs in a manner that  will  assure  its  employees places
and conditions of employment free from recognized  hazards which  are
likely to cause death or serious harm.
3.  REFERENCES.
    a.  Section 7902(c), Title 5, United  States  Code.
    b.  Occupational Safety and Health Act  of 1970,  Sections  6,  19,  and  24.
    c.  Executive Order 12196, Occupational Safety and  Health Programs
        for Federal Employees.
    d.  29 CFR 1960, Basic Program Elements for  Federal  Employee Occu-
        pational Safety and Health Programs.
    e.  OMB Circular A-ll (Sections 13.2(f) and  13.5(f)).
    f.  EPA Conduct and Discipline Order.
    g.  EPA Training and Development Manual.
4.  DEFINITIONS.
    a.  Designated Agency Occupational Health and  Safety Official.   The
term Designated Agency Occupational Health  and Safety Official  means the
senior management official who, as required by E.O.  12196,  is designated
as responsible for the management of the  occupational  health  and safety
programs within the EPA.  This Official is  the Assistant Administrator
for Administration and Resources Management.
    b.  Agency Occupational Health and Safety Officer;.   The term Agency
Occupational Health and Safety Officer means  the person who manages  the
occupational health and safety programs at  an organizational  level  below
the Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources Management.
This Officer is the Director, Occupational  Health  and Safety Staff,  under
the supervision of the Director, Office of  Administration.
    c.  Occupational Health and Safety Designee.  The term  Occupational
Health and Safety Designee means a person who has  been officially ap-
pointed by the Officer-in-Charge of a Reporting  Unit, Establishment, or

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 Workplace to be responsible  to  him  or her for managing the occupational
 health and safety  programs  at that  location.

     d.  Officer-in-Charge of a  Reporting Unit, an Establishment, or a
 Workplace"!The terms  Officer-in-Charge of a Reporting Unit, an Establish-
 ment,  or a Workplace means the  senior official at each Agency location
 designated as  a Reporting Unit,  Establishment, or Workplace in Chapter
 3 of this Manual.

     e.  Occupational Health  and  Safety Manager/Specialist.  The term Oc-
 cupational  Health  and  Safety Manager/Specialist means a person who meets
 the Office of  Personnel  Management  standards, which include but are not
 limited  to these occupations:

     Safety Manager/Specialist,  GS-018
     Safety Engineer, GS-803
     Fire Protection Engineer, GS 804
     Industrial  Hygienist, GS-690
     Fire Protection Specialist/Marshal, GS-081
     Health Physicist,  GS-1306
     Occupational Medicine Physician, GS-602
     Occupational Health  Nurse,  GS-610
     Air  Safety  Investigation Officer, GS-1815
     Aviation Safety Specialist,  GS-1825
     Chemist, GS-1320
     Highway  Safety  Manager,  GS-2125

 or  equally  qualified military, agency, or non-government personnel as
 determined  by the  Director,  Occupational Health and Safety Staff.

     f.   Laboratory  Health Officers.  Laboratory Health Officers are
 laboratory-based personnel who have expertise in health effects and
 chemical  hazards related to  laboratory operations.  Laboratory
 Health Officers are  officially appointed by the Officer-in-Charge
 and  support and functionally report to the Occupational Health and
 Safety Designee for  that Reporting Unit, Establishment or Workplace.

     g.  Occupational Health  and Safety Inspector.  The term Occupational
 Health and Safety  Inspector  means an Occupational Health and/or Safety
 Manager/Specialist  (as defined in 4.e. above) with additional  experience
 and/or training in  health and safety hazard recognition and evaluation.

     h.  Representatives of Management.  The term representatives of manage-
 ment means a supervisor or management official as defined in the applicable
 labor-management regulations program covering the affected employees.

     i.  Reporting Unit.  The term Reporting Unit means a facility where
Agency business is conducted and may include laboratories and field
 offices and other subordinate facilities that report to the primary
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 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND  SAFETY MANUAL
yie/86
 facility.   A Reporting  Unit as used in this Manual refers to the Head-
 quarters  complex,  all Regions, the Environmental Research Centers and
 Laboratories,  and  other field units designated by the Director, Occupational
 Health and  Safety  Staff,  in Chapter 3 of this Manual.

     j. Establishment.   The term Establishment means a single physical
 location where EPA programs are conducted and which receives occupational
 health and  safety  management support from a higher level of management,
 which  may be located at a different facility.  Establishment as used
 in  this Manual  refers to  regional laboratories and field offices, national
 programs  at the Assistant Administrator level and other entities as
 designated  by  the  Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff, in
 Chapter 3 of this  Manual.

     k.  Workplace.  The term Workplace means a physical  location where
 the agency's work  or operations are performed.  A Workplace as used in
 this Manual  refers  to a satellite field unit or a distinctly separate
 activity located within  an Establishment but which shares in the occupa-
 tional  health  and  safety  programs at the Establishment.

     1.  Imminent Danger.  The term imminent danger means any conditions
 or  practices  in  any EPA Reporting Unit, Establishment, Workplace or at any
 EPA field site  that could reasonably be expected to cause death or
 serious physical harm either immediately or before the danger could be
 eliminated  through normal administrative procedures.

     m-  Serious.   The word "serious" when used in this Manual  with
 "hazard," "violation" or  "condition" means a hazard, violation or
 condition which  has a substantial  probability of causing death or
 significant  physical harm.

     n.  Occupational Health and Safety Committee.  The term occupational
 health and  safety committee means a committee that meets the requirements
 of  Chapter  5 of this Manual.

     o.  Recordable Occupational  Injuries or Illnesses.  The term recordable
occupational injuries or illnesses means any occupational  injuries or ill-
 nesses which result in:

        1)  Occupationally caused deaths regardless of the time between
injury and  death, or the length of illness;

        2)  Nonfatal occupational  illnesses; or

        3)  Nonfatal occupational  injuries which involve one or more of
the  following:  days away from work or medical  treatment.
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    p.  EPA Reportable Occupational Accidents and Illnesses.   The term
EPA reportable accidents and illnesses means any^ and all  job-connected
incidents involving Agency personnel, property, or operations  which
result  in personal injury, illness, fire, potential  claims  against the
Government, or property damage of $100.00 or more, or to  any  incident
having the potential to cause death or serious injury.

    q.  Recognized Hazard.  A source of danger which could  cause physical
harm or toxic effects in humans which has been identified by  printed or
written data and for which control measures have been recommended or
established.

5.  APPLICABILITY.

    a.  Executive Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960, and the provisions of this
Manual apply to all EPA employees at all operational levels.

    b.  EPA employees who work in facilities of private employers are
covered by the Agency's occupational health and safety  programs.  EPA
employees may be withdrawn from private sector facilities if  safe and
healthful working conditions cannot be assured by the use of  adminis-
trative cont'rols and personal protective equipment.

    c.  Executive Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960, and the provisions of this
Manual do not apply to employees or to the working conditions  of employees
of EPA contractors, regardless of whether the contractor  employees perform
their duties in EPA owned or leased facilities, with EPA  equipment,  or
together with EPA personnel.  Protection of employees of  EPA  contractors
is assured under the other provisions of the Occupational  Safety and
Health Act of 1970.

6.  BACKGROUND.  Section 1-201 of Executive Order 12196 requires the EPA
Administrator to establish and operate an occupational  health  and safety
program in accordance with Section 19 of the Occupational  Safety and
Health Act of 1970 and with the basic program elements  issued  by the
Secretary of Labor in 29 CFR 1960.  The Administrator,  after  consulta-
tion with Agency employees or their representatives, may  request that
the Secretary of Labor approve alternate occupational health  and safety
program elements which are consistent with the Agency's mission, size,
and organization.

To comply with Section 19 of the Occupational Safety and  Health Act of
1970,  Executive Order 12196, and 29 CFR 1960, the Administrator shall:

    a.  Designate an Agency Occupational Health and Safety  Official
at the Assistant Administrator level to manage and administer the
Agency's occupational  health and safety programs and to represent his
or her interest and support.
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 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH  AND SAFETY MANUAL
     b.   Comply  with  all  standards issued under Section 6 of the Act,
 except when  the Secretary of Labor has approved alternate Agency
 standards.

     c.   Assure  prompt  abatement of unsafe or unhealthful working condi-
 tions or develop abatement plans and interim steps to protect employees  -
 when these conditions  cannot be promptly corrected.

     d.   Establish  procedures to assure that employees who file reports
 of  unsafe or unhealthful working conditions or who participate in other
 occupational  health  and  safety program activities are not subject to
 restraint, interference, coercion, discrimination or reprisal.

     e.   Assure  that  periodic inspections are performed at all Agency
 facilities by personnel  having the equipment and competence to recognize
 hazards,  and that  employee representatives accompany inspectors during
 the inspections.

     f.   Assure  response  to employee reports of hazardous conditions and
 require  inspections  within 24 hours for imminent dangers, 3 working
 days for potential serious conditions, and 20 working days for other
 conditions.   Assure  the  right to anonymity of those making the reports.

     g.   Operate an occupational health and safety management information
 system to provide  sufficient data to identify unsafe and unhealthful
 working  conditions,  and  to establish program priorities.

     h.   Provide occupational health and safety training for top manage-
 ment officials, supervisors, occupational  health and safety specialists,
 occupational  health  and  safety inspectors, collateral duty health and
 safety personnel,  occupational health and safety committee members,
 employee  representatives, and other employees.

     i. .Submit  an  annual report to the Secretary of Labor on the Agency's
 occupational  health  and  safety programs.  This report will include infor-
 mation on the Agency's .self evaluation programs of the previous Calendar
•Year and  objectives  for  the current year.

     j.   Authorize  safety and health program personnel to utilize.such
 expertise from  whatever  source available, including but not limited to
 other agencies, professional groups, consultants, universities, labor
 organizations,  and safety and health committees.

 6.   RESPONSIBILITIES.

     a.   Program Management.

         1)   Administrator.  The Administrator is responsible for the develop-
 ment, implementation,  and evaluation of the Agency's occupational health


                                   1-5*

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                                1440
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and safety programs in accordance with the requirements of Section 19 of
the Act, Executive Order 12196, and the basic program elements in 29 CFR
1960, or approved alternate program elements.

        2)  Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources
Management.  The Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources
Management as the Designated Agency Occupational  Health and Safety
Official, through the Director, Office of Administration,  is responsible
for establi shing Agency occupational health and safety policies, programs,
standards, goals, objectives, and priorities, and for establishing an
organization, including the designation of safety and health officials
at appropriate levels, with adequate budget and staff to implement the
occupational  health and safety programs at all EPA operational  levels.

        3)  Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff.  The Director,
Occupational  Health and Safety Staff, under the supervision of the
Director, Office of Administration, is responsible for developing Agency
occupational  health and safety policies, programs, standards,  goals and
objectives, for evaluating the effectiveness of the Agency'-s occupational
health and safety programs at all operational levels, and  for providing
technical support to the Agency's Occupational Health and  Safety programs.

    b.  Programs Implementation.

        1)  Assistant Administrators. Regional Administrators  and Laboratory
Pi rectors.  The Assistant Administrators and Regional Administrators and
Laboratory Directors and others designated as Officers-In-Charge of
Reporting Units are responsible for implementing  the Agency's  Occupational
Health and Safety Programs at the Reporting Unit  and at all Establishments
and Workplaces within their area of jurisdiction.

        2)  Occupational  Health and Safety Designees.  The Occupational
Health and Safety Uesignees at all operational levels are  responsible
for assisting the Officers-i n-Charge of their Reporting Units,  Establish-
ments, or Workplaces in managing, developing, organizing,  directing, and
evaluating the occupational health and safety programs, and for coordinating
illness and injury reporting and recordkeeping requirements; analyzing
accidents and injuries for prevention and control;  and providing technical
advice to management officials in the implementation of program policy
and standards.

        3)  Laboratory Health Officers.  Laboratory Health Officers  are
responsible for providing advice and guidance on  occupational  health-
related matters affecting the Reporting Unit, Establishment or Workplace;
and for otherwise providing assistance to the Occupational  Health and
Safety Designee in developing, organizing, directing, and  evaluating the
occupational  health elements  of the occupational  health and safety
programs on the local  level.
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    c.  General.

        1)  Supervisors.  Supervisors  are responsible,  to  the  extent  of
their authority, for the health and safety  of  their  employees  and  for
furnishing them employment and a place of employment which  are free  from
recognized hazards that are likely  to  cause death  or serious harm.   They
shall comply with the Agency's occupational  health and  safety  standards
and with all rules, regulations, and orders issued by the  Agency with
respect to the occupational health  and safety  programs  and  shall enforce
correct work practices.

         2)  Employees.  Employees  shall  comply with the Agency's  occupa-
tional health and safety standards, rules,  regulations, and orders which
are applicable to their own actions and conduct.  Employees shall  also use
the safety equipment, personal protective equipment, and other health
and safety devices, and shall follow the procedures, provided  or as  directed,
that the Agency deems necessary for their protection.
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                CHAPTER 2 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
                            PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

                              Table of Contents

PARAGRAPH                                                    PARAGAPH
  TITLES                                                      NUMBERS

General	1
Program Resources	2
Dissemination of Occupational  Health and Safety
   Program Information	3
Liaison with General Services  Administration and
   Other Federal Agencies	......4
Al legations of Reprisal	5
Field Federal  Safety and Health Councils	7
Evaluation of Occupational  Health and Safety Performance	8

        APPENDIX 2A - PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING ALLEGED RESTRAINT,
                      INTERFERENCE, COERCION,  DISCRIMINATION OR
                      REPRISAL FOR PARTICIPATING IN THE AGENCY'S
                      OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND  SAFETY ACTIVITIES

        APPENDIX 2B - EXAMPLES OF JOB PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

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              CHAPTER 2 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
                          PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
1.  GENERAL.  The Agency Designated Occupational  Health  and  Safety  Official
shal 1 assure that occupational health and safety  officials  are  established
at each appropriate Agency level with sufficient  authority  and  responsibility
to assure:

     a.  That qualified, competent personnel  are  available  to manage  the
Agency's Occupational Health and Safety program.

     b.  That funds for necessary health and  safety  equipment,  materials,
training, and medical monitoring are available.

     c.  That employees are made aware of the Agency's  occupational health
and safety programs through dissemination of  information on  Agency  stand-
ards, programs, employee rights and responsibilities,  and the Agency's
procedures for responding to reports by employees of unsafe  or  unhealth-
ful working conditions.

     d.  That a person at each Agency Reporting Unit is  appointed to
represent EPA management in the resolution of conflicts  that may exist
between EPA and GSA and other Federal agencies regarding Federal build-
ings, leased space, products purchased or supplied,  and  other  requirements
affecting Agency employees' health and safety.

     e.  That procedures are established to assure that  no  EPA  employee
is subject to restraint, interference, coercion,  discrimination or
reprisal for filing a report of unsafe and unhealthful  working  conditions
or for other participation in the Agency's occupational  health  and
safety activities.

     f.  That the program is evaluated to determine the  effectiveness of
the occupational health and safety programs.

     g.  That active participation in Field Federal  Safety  and  Health
Councils is supported to facilitate the exchange  of ideas and  information
about occupational health and safety with other Federal  agencies.

     h.  That the performance evaluations of  supervisory employees, or
other appropriate management officials, measure their performance in
meeting the requirements of the Agency's occupational  health and safety
programs, consistent with their assigned responsibilities and  authority.

2.  PROGRAM RESOURCES.  The Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units shall
ensure that their budget submissions include  appropriate furicis  and other
resources to implement and administer effectively the Agency's  occupational
health and safety programs at their Reporting Units, and at oil Establish-
ments and Workplaces under their jurisdictional authority.

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 Appropriate funds and other resources for  administering the occupational
 health and safety program shall provide for,  but  not be limited to:

      a.  Sufficient personnel  to implement  and  administer the program
 at all levels,  and necessary administrative costs such as training,
 travel, and personal  protective equipment;

      b.  Abatement of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions related
 to Agency operations  or facilities;

      c.  Safety and health sampling,  testing, and diagnostic and analyti-
 cal  tools, and  equipment,  including  laboratory  analyses;

      d.  Any necessary contracts to  identify, analyze, or evaluate unsafe
 or unhealthful  working conditions and operations;

      e.  Program motivation and promotion material such as publications
 posters,  or films;

      f.  Technical  information, documents,  books, standards, codes, perio-
 dicals, and publications;  and
                          *
      g.  Occupational  medical  monitoring for employees.

 3.   DISSEMINATION  OF  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM INFORMATION.

      a.  Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units  shall promote employee
 awareness  of the Agency's occupational  health and safety programs
 through:

          1.  Providing  copies  of  Executive Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960, and
 the Agency's occupational health  and  safety program to all employees
 upon  request.   Also,  copies  of  Agency standards and other applicable
 occupational health and safety  standards shall be available to all
 employees  for review  upon request.

         2.  Posting  in a conspicuous place at each Agency location infor-
 mation  regarding provisions  of  the Act, Executive Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960,
 and the Agency's occupational health  and safety programs.

         3.  Posting  a copy  of  the Agency's policy poster  in a conspicuous
 place at each Agency  location.

         4.  Bringing occupational health and  safety matters to the
attention of employees through  existing inhouse publications and  memo-
 randa, e.g., newsletters, bulletins,  or handbooks.

     b.  Officers-in-Charge  are encouraged to  purchase health and safety
promotional items such as posters, booklets, pamphlets, and audiovisual


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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                              1440
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materials from commercial and Governmental  sources  which  produce these
items.  The following list of potential sources is  furnished for  informa-
tion only.  It does not include all commercial  sources marketing occupa-
tional health and safety promotional materials  and  must not be considered
as mandatory sources of supply.

         1.  National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue,  Chicago,
Illinois 60611;

         2.  National Fire Protection Association,  Batterymarch Park,
Quincy, Massachusetts  02269;

         3.  Dray Publications, Inc., Deerf ield Massachusetts  01342;

         4.  Channing L. Bete, Co., Inc., 200 State Street, South Deerfield,
Massachusetts  01373;

         5.  U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Information,  OSHA,
200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington,  D.C.  20210;

         6.  General Services Administration, National Archives and
Records Service, National Audiovisual Center, Washington, D,C,  20210;

         7.  American Medical Association,  Department of Occupational
Health, Division of Scientific Activities,  535 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
Illinois  60610;

         8.  Local Fire Departments;

         9.  Local Municipal Offices of Public Safety;

        10.  Local Law Enforcement Agencies;

        11.  Local Safety Councils;

        12.  State, County, and Local Health and Safety Officials; and

        13.  Local chapters of The American Red Cross, and The American
Heart Association.
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                                                                 J/J.O/OD


 4.  LIAISON WITH GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION AND OTHER FEDERAL
 AGENCIES.The Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units shall appoTnt a
 representative to coordinate with GSA and  other Federal agencies to
 assure that Agency standards are met for buildings  and facilities,
 product safety and other safety and health services.  This coordination
 will include but not be limited to:

      a.  Building and Facility Health and  Safety.

          (1)  Assuring that GSA furnishes  a pre-occupancy inspection
 of any Federally owned or leased space offered for  EPA occupancy;

          (2)  Providing space that meets any EPA special health and
 safety requirements;

          (3)  Assuring that any repair,  renovation, or alteration of
 owned  or leased space be planned and controlled to  reduce or eliminate
 any hazardous  exposure to EPA employees; and

          (4)   Requesting an investigation  of employee reports of unsafe
 or unhealthful  conditions  within GSA's  scope of responsibility, and
 monitoring  the  abatement  of any conditions  found.

     b.   Product  Safety.

          (1)  Ensuring that items  procured  for use  by the Agency's
 employees are designed and  manufactured  to  meet applicable health and
 safety  standards.

          (2)  Ensuring that all  hazardous materials procured for use
 by the Agency's employees are  labeled,  packaged, and shipped so as
 to  alert  users  to their  flammability, toxicity, compatability,  first
 aid  procedures  and normal and  emergency  handling and disposal procedures,

          (3)  Assuring that the  safety rescue and personal  protective
 equipment available for purchase meets the Agency's occupational health
 and  safety  specifications and  standards  and are approved by NIOSH.

          (4)  Requesting Material  Safety Data Sheets on all  hazardous
materials purchased for use by  EPA employees either from Federal
 supply sources or private suppliers.

     c.  Safety and Health  Services.

         (1)  Keeping abreast  of the health and safety  services and
equipment available for use by EPA from other Federal  sources.
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         (2)  Assuring that an "Occupant  Emergency  Plan"  is  prepared
for all EPA facilities in accordance with 6SA guidelines  contained in
41 CFR 101.

         (3)  Coordinating with GSA on a  maintenance  program for GSA
motorpool vehicles assigned to the Agency to  assure the health and
safety of EPA employees utilizing the  vehicles.

         (4)  Maintaining contact with NIOSH  to  obtain hazard alerts, and
to keep current on the technical services, training materials, and train-
ing programs available that can be utilized by Agency employees.

5.  ALLEGATIONS OF REPRISAL.

     a.  Employee Rights.  Employees are  afforded  certain rights under
Section 19 of the Occupational Safety  and Health Act, Executive Order
12196, and 29 CFR 1960.  These rights  are:

         (1)  To report and request inspections  of  unsafe or unhealthful
working conditions to appropriate officials (See special  procedures  in
Chapter 4 of this Manual);

         (2)  Official time and reimbursement of travel and  other  costs
incurred to participate in the Agency's occupational  health  and  safety
programs and in Field Federal  Safety and  Health  Council activities;

         (3)  Access to copies of Agency  standards, injury and  illness
statistics, and procedures;

         (4)  To review and comment on Agency standards,  policies, and
guidelines;

         (5)  To appeal to the Office of  Federal Agency Program, OSHA on
disagreements over the final disposition  of reports of  unsafe or unhealth-
ful working conditions;

         (6)  To request anonymity when reporting  unsafe  or  unhealthful
working conditions or requesting an inspection for these  conditions;  and

         (7)  To decline to perform assigned  tasks because of a reason-
able belief that the task poses imminent  risk of death  or serious  bodily
harm along with a reasonable belief that  there is  not time to go through
the normal hazard reporting and abatement procedures  outlined in Chapter 4
of this Manual.

     b.  Agency Responsibilities.  EPA must assure that  no employee  is
subject to restraint, interference, coercion, discrimination or reprisal
for filing a report of an unsafe or unhealthful  working  condition, or
other occupational health and safety activities  identified in Executive


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 Order 12196 and 29 CFR 1960.   To assure EPA  employees of their rights,
 the procedures outlined in Appendix 2-1  will  be followed when a report
 of alleged restraint, interference, coercion, discrimination or reprisal
 is received from an employee.

 6.  EVALUATION OF THE AGENCY'S OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAMS.

      a.  General.  Executive Order 12196 and  29 CFR 1960.78 requires each
 Agency to establish a program  for evaluating the effectiveness of its own
 occupational  health and safety programs, and to submit an annual summary
 of this self-evaluation activity to the Secretary of Labor.  This self-
 evaluation program must include a qualitative assessment of the extent
 to which the Agency's Reporting Units have developed and implemented
 their occupational  health  and  safety programs in accordance with Executive
 Order 12196,  29 CFR 1960,  and  the requirements of this Manual.

      b.  EPA's  Evaluation  Program.

          (1)   The Occupational  Health and Safety Staff shall evaluate
 the occupational  health and safety  programs at each Agency Reporting Unit.
 These evaluations  shall be conducted in  accordance with the criteria and
 guidelines contained  in the EPA Occupational Health and Safety Program
 Management Evaluation Guidelines.   The  evaluations shall include:

               (a)   A  complete  and  extensive biennial  evaluation of all
 elements of the Agency's occupational health and safety programs at Report-
 ing Units  where no  hazardous work  is performed,  e.g.,  office occupancies.

               (b)   A  complete  and  extensive annual evaluation of all elements
 of  the  Agency's occupational health  and safety programs where hazardous tasks
 are performed,  e.g.,  laboratories.

          (2)  The Occupational   Health and Safety Staff shal 1 conduct special
 studies  and evaluations  of limited  areas as deemed necessary by the Director,
 e.g.,  laboratories  handling toxic  and/or carcinogenic  substances,  and hazardous
waste site  and  spill  operations.

 7.  FIELD  FEDERAL SAFETY AND HEALTH  COUNCILS (FFSHC).

     a.  General.   Executive Order  12196 requires  that the Secretary of
Labor facilitate the  exchange  of occupational health  and safety ideas
and information throughout the  Government.  Consistent with this requirement,
the Secretary of Labor  sponsors  existing FFSHC's and will  establish new
Councils as necessary.

     b.  Objectives of  FFSHC's.  The  basic objectives  of the FFSHC are
the exchange of occupational  health  and safety ideas and information to
reduce the incidence, severity   and  cost of occupational  accidents,
injuries, and illnesses in the   Federal community.   FFSHC's will  act on


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 behalf of the Secretary of  Labor in carrying out these functions in
 their respective geographic areas:

          (1)  To act as a clearinghouse for information and data on
 occupational accidents, injuries, and illnesses and their prevent-
 ion.

          (2)  To plan,  organize, and conduct field council meetings
 or  programs  which will  give technical advice and information on occupa-
 tional  health and safety to participating agency representatives and
 employee  organizations.

          (3)  To promote improvement of occupational  health and safety
 programs  and organizations  in each Federal agency represented or par-
 ticipating in council activities.

          (4)  To promote coordination, cooperation, and sharing of
 resources and expertise to  aid agencies with inadequate or limited
 resources, e.g.,  field  councils may organize and conduct training
 programs  for occupational health and safety program personnel, and
 employee  representatives; coordinate and promote programs for in-
 spections; or, on request,  conduct inspections and evaluations of the
 agencies' health and  safety  programs.

          (5)   To  provide Federal  Executive Boards, Federal Executive
 Associations,  labor  union organizations and other employee representa-
 tives with information  on the administrative and technical aspects of
 health  and safety programs.

          (6)   To  evaluate the health and safety problems peculiar to
 local conditions  and  facilitate solutions through council activities.

          (7)   To  develop a  cooperative relationship with local com-
munity  leaders by informing them of the functions and objectives of
the council  and  by asking them for support and participation in
council meetings  and  activities.

     c.  Agency Participation in  FFSHC.

          (1)   The  EPA supports and encourages its employees to par-
ticipate in  the FFSHC meetings and programs.

          (2)  The Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units, and Establish-
ments, shall  ensure that EPA is officially represented at appropriate
FFSHC's in their  geographical areas where they exist  and are reasonably
accessible.
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         (3)  The Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units,  and  Establish-
ments, shall appoint a minimum of one management  employee and one  non-
management employee, and alternates dependent on  the  size and needs of
each unit, as representatives to FFSHC.  These representatives  shall  be
selected from the following employee categories:

              (a)  Management

                       Occupational health and safety program personnel
                       Line management officials

              (b)  Non-Management

                   1)  Representatives of exclusive bargaining  units
                   2)  Other recognized employee  organizations
                   3)  Employees recommended by the occupational  health
and safety committee

         (4)  Appointments may be made to FFSHC's through a memorandum
by the Officers-in-Charge of the Reporting Unit to the Chairperson of
the Council.  A copy of this memorandum should be sent to the Director,
Occupational Health and Safety Staff (PM-273), Washington, D.C.
20460.

         (5)  EPA will allow participation in FFSHC during official duty
hours, and the Reporting Unit, Establishment or Workplace will  reimburse
travel and other costs incurred to participate in these council programs
and activities.

         (6)  The Director, Occupational  Health and Safety Staff,  will
furnish current lists of FFSHC's to Occupational  Health and Safety
Designees as these lists are issued by the Department of Labor.

         (7)  The Occupational Health and Safety Staff will assess the
adequacy of FFSHC participation during scheduled program evaluations,
through field visits, and through annual  narrative reports and health
and safety committee minutes.  The Occupational Health and Safety Staff
will provide assistance and advice upon request.

8.  EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  PERFORMANCE.

     a.  General.  29 CFR 1960.11 requires the Agency head to ensure that
the performance evaluation of management officials in charge  of Agency
Reporting Units, supervisory employees, or other appropriate  management
officials, measures that employee's performance in meeting the requirements
of the Agency's occupational health and safety programs, consistent with
their assigned responsibilities and authority.  This requirement shall
take into consideraton any applicable regulations of the Office of
Personnel Management or other appropriate authority.

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     b.  EPA's Program for Evaluation  of Management  and Supervisory
Personnel.  Management and supervisory personnel will  be evaluated annually
on their occupational  health  and  safety performance  as a part  of their
annual  performance evaluation.  The  performance  standards of managers
and supervisors should have performance criteria defining expected perfor-
mance in providing a safe and healthful workplace  for  the employees
under their supervision.  Appendix 2-2 contains  examples of occupational
health and safety job performance criteria  for managers and supervisors.
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    APPENDIX 2-A -- PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING  ALLEGED RESTRAINT,
                    INTERFERENCE,  COERCION, DISCRIMINATION  OR
                    REPRISAL FOR PARTICIPATING  IN THE AGENCY'S
                    OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  PROGRAMS.

     Any Agency employee who believes  they are  being subjected  to restraint,
interference, coercion, discrimination, or reprisal for  exercising their
rights under the Occupational  Safety and Health Act of 1970, Executive
Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960 or any of the Agency's published occupational
health and safety policies and procedures should follow  the outlined
procedures to seek relief and  a resolution of the matter.

Employee Rights.  Employees are afforded these  rights under Section 19,
Occupational bafety and Health Act of  1970, Executive Order 12196, and
29 CFR 1960:

    0     To report and request inspections of  unsafe or unhealthful
          working conditions to appropriate officials.

    0     Official time and reimbursement of  travel and  other  costs
          incurred to participate in the Agency's occupational  health
          and safety programs  and in Field Federal  Safety and  Health
          Council activities.

    0     Access to copies of  Agency standards, injury and  illness
          statistics, and procedures.

    0     To review and comment on Agency standards,  policies,  and
          guidelines.

    0     To appeal to the Office of Federal  Agency Programs,  Occupational
          Safety and Health Administation, U.S.  Department of Labor,  on
          disagreements over the final disposition  of  reports  of unsafe
          or unhealthful working conditions.

    0     To request ananymity when reporting unsafe  or  unhealthful
          working conditions or requesting an inspection for these
          conditions.

    0     To decline to perform assigned tasks  because  of  a reasonable
          belief that the task poses imminent risk  of death or serioys
          bodily harm along with a reasonable belief  that  there is not
          time to go through the normal hazard  reporting and abatement
          procedures of the Agency.
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Procedures.  Employees may file a report either orally or in writing
using these avenues:

    0     A grievance through the Agency's Grievance Procedures contained
          in EPA Order 3110.8.

    °     Report any  alleged  violation  to the Director, Occupational
          Health and  Safety Staff.  The Director shall:

                Assure the employee  anonymity if requested.

                Investigate the allegation if within the Staff's
                capabilities,  or

                Refer the complaint  to  the Inspector General's
                Office for investigation.

    0     File  a complaint with the  Office of Personnel Management,
          Merit  Systems Protection Board, under PL 95-454, Section 202,
          Civil  Service Reform Act of 1978.

    0     File  a complaint with the  Inspector General's Office direct by
          calling (FTS)  382-4977 or  toll free 800/424-4000, under the
          Inspector General Act of 1978.

    The Director,  Occupational  Health and Safety Staff shall:

    0     Keep the appropriate  occupational health and safety committees
          advised  of  Agency activity  and determinations regarding these
          allegations.

    0     Provide  appropriate  occupational  health and safety committees
          with copies  of  reprisal  investigation findings.

    0     Provide  the  Secretary of Labor with copies of any reprisal
          investigation findings.

    0     Provide  the  exclusive bargaining representative with a copy of
          the investigation findings.

    0      Provide  the  employee  with  a copy of the investigation findings.
                                 2-A-2

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          APPENDIX 2-B -- EXAMPLES OF JOB PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
 Applicability:  Assistant Administrators, Regional  Administrators,
                Office  of General Counsel, Inspector General,
                Associate Administrators, Heads of Offices
                (Headquarters)

 These  officials must assure:

 1.   That  funds are  available for necessary health and safety equipment,
     materials, training, and medical monitoring.

 2.   That  qualified, competent personnel are appointed to manage the
     occupational health and safety program in their area of jursidiction.

 3.   That  a person is appointed to represent them in the resolution  of
     conflicts that may  exist between EPA and GSA and other Federal  agencies
     regarding Federal buildings, leased space, products purchased or
     supplied.

 4.   That  no EPA employee under their area of jurisdiction is subject to
     restraint, interference, coercion, discrimination or reprisal for
     filing a report of  unsafe and unhealthful working conditions or for
     other participation in the Agency's occupational health and safety
     activities.

 5.   That  employees are  aware of the Agency's occupational  health and
     safety programs through dissemination of information on Agency  standards,
     programs, employee  rights and responsibilities, and the Agency's
     procedures for responding to reports of unsafe or unhealthful working
     conditions.

 6.   That  active participation in Field Federal Safety and Health Councils
     is supported to facilitate the exchange of ideas and information
     about occupational  health and safety with other Federal agencies.

 7.   That the program in their area of jurisdiction is evaluated to  determine
     its effectiveness.

8.   That the performance evaluations of supervisors and managers under
    their area of jurisdiction measures their performance in meeting the
     requirements of the Agency's occupational health and safety programs,
    consistent with their assigned responsibilities and authority.

Critical Job Element

 (The criteria for health and safety  performance may be placed  under the
critical job element which covers the use and development of personnel


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Objective:

Effectively manage the personnel  and financial  resources of the program/
region.

Performance Criteria:

     Outstanding:  Evaluation of the occupational health and safety
program management strongly supports the firm and clear written and  oral
implementation of the Agency's occupational  health  and safety  programs
to protect employees and that this expectation is included in  all successive
performance standards of managers and supervisors under their  direction.

     Satisfactory:  Evaluation of the occupational  health and  safety
program management has clearly established,  through successive performance
standards and by written and oral examples,  the support and implementation
of the Agency's occupational health and safety programs and the awareness
that supervisors are responsible for the health and safety of  employees
under their direction.

     Unsatisfactory:  Evaluation of the occupational  health and safety
program management establishes that the first level  supervisors are
unsure as to the relative importance of employee health and safety in
conducting program/regional operations or do not feel  responsible for
the employees under their jurisdiction.

Applicability:   Supervisors

Supervisors  must  assure:

1.  That  employees  under their supervision  are  provided the necessary
    health and  safety  equipment,  materials, training, and medical monitoring
    applicable  to the  jobs  they  perform.

2.  That  employees  under  their supervision  are  aware of their rights and
    that  they are not  subject to  restraint, interference, coercion,
    discrimination  or  reprisal for  filing a report of unsafe or unhealthful
    working  conditions  or of  other  participation in the Agency's occupational
    health and  safety  programs.

3.  That  employees  under  their supervision  are  aware of the Agency's
    occupational health and safety  programs,  standards, guidelines, and
    procedures  how  to  report  unsafe or unhealthful conditions and that
    they  fully  understand their  occupational  health and safety responsi-
    bilities and that  failure to  assume these  responsibilities may  be
    cause for disciplinary  action.
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Critical Job Element

(The criteria for health and safety  performance may  be  placed  under the
critical job element which covers  the  use  and  development  of personnel
and other resources or any other compatible  critical  job element.)

Objective:

To assure that all employees under their supervision comply with  all
occupational health and safety standards,  rules,  regulations,  and orders
issued by the Agency.

Performance Criteria:

    Outstanding:  Occupational health  and  safety  program evaluation
shows clearly that the supervisor  understands  his/her responsibility  for
the health and safety of employees under his/her  supervision by surveying
the needs of employees for training, medical monitoring, materials, and
personal protection equipment and  provides the necessary items to the
employees applicable to the jobs they  perform. Supervisor strongly
supports and enforces safe work practices  and  initiates disciplinary
actions if needed.

    Satisfactory:  Occupational health and safety program  evaluation
shows that the supervisor understands  responsibility for the health and
safety of employees under his/her  supervision  and has provided the  minimum
training, medical monitoring, materials, and personal protective  equipment
applicable to the jobs they perform and enforces  these  requirements
through initiating disciplinary actions if needed.

    Unsatisfactory:  The supervisor is unsure  of  his/her occupational
health and safety responsibility and that  he/he is responsible for  the
health and safety of the employees he/she  supervises.  The minimum  health
and safety training, medical monitoring, materials,  and protective  equipment
are not provided nor is safe work  practices  enforced.


NOTE:  These examples are not intended as  mandatory  wording.   They  are
       onl^y examples.  Each Reporting  Unit,  Establishment  and  Workplace
       may develop occupational health and safety performance  standards
       consistent with their needs.
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        CHAPTER 3 - ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS  INVESTIGATION,  REPORTING
                      AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS

                            Table of Contents
PARAGRAPH
  TITLES
General	,
Identification of Reporting Units  	
Accident and Illness Investigation  	  ,
Accident and Illness Recording and Reporting  .  .  .
Agency Annual Reports	,
Access to Records by the Secretary of Labor .  .  .  .
Utilization and Location of Records and Reports  .  ,
Retention of Records  	
Incidence and Severity Rates and Cost of Accidents
  and Illnesses 	
                                          PARAGRAPH
                                           NUMBERS

                                              1
                                              2
                                              3
                                              4
                                              5
                                              6
                                              7
                                              8
     APPENDIX 3A -
     APPENDIX 3B -
     APPENDIX 3C -

     APPENDIX 3D -


     APPENDIX 3E -

     APPENDIX 3F -

     APPENDIX 36 -
REPORTING UNITS
ACCIDENT/ILLNESS  INVESTIGATION  PROCEDURES
SUPERVISOR'S REPORT OF ACCIDENT/ILLNESS
(EPA FORM 1440-9)
LOG AND SUMMARY OF FEDERAL OCCUPATIONAL
INJURIES AND ILLNESSES,  OSHA RECORDABLE,
FORM 200
LOG OF FEDERAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND
ILLNESSES, EPA REPORTABLE
ANNUAL SUMMARY OF FEDERAL  OCCUPATIONAL
INJURIES AND ILLNESSES,  OSHA FORM 102-F
FLOW CHART DEPICTING OSHA  RECORDABLE
CRITERIA

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        CHAPTER 3 - ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS  INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING
                      AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS


1.  GENERAL.  Section 24 of the Occupational  Safety and Health Act of
1970, and Section l-201(j) of Executive Order 12196 require EPA to establish
and maintain an effective occupational health and  safety management
information system.  Regulations for the  program are  contained in 29 CFR
1960, Subpart I.  The purpose of this  Chapter is to establish uniform
requirements for collecting and compiling occupational  health and safety
accident and illness data for the Agency's  Management Information System.
This information will be used by the Agency to (a) identify unsafe and
unhealthful working conditions, and (b) to  establish  occupational health
and safety program priorities.  Additionally, since comprehensive accident
and illness investigations and analyses are necessary to an effective
management information system, procedures and policies for their  implemen-
tation are also included.

2.  IDENTIFICATION OF REPORTING UNITS.  EPA is required  to provide to  the
Department of Labor the names and addresses of each of the Reporting Units
covered by its occupational health and safety records program.  Appendix
3-A lists EPA's Reporting Units and their sub-units.

3.  ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS INVESTIGATION.   The investigation of an  accident
or illness is necessary to prevent similar  occurrences.   Investigation
should not attempt to prove guilt or innocence.   Rather  its purpose  should
be to ascertain the existence of hazards  by identifying the elements and
sources which caused the accident or illness.  Additionally,  proper  inveS"
tigation should result in the identification of any corrective measures
which may be required.

All information or evidence uncovered during an accident  or illness  inves*-
tigation that would be of benefit to EPA  in developing a  new  occupational
health and safety standard or in modifying an existing standard  must  be
reported promptlyu to the Headquarters Occupational Health and Safety
Staff.  While all accidents and illnesses are to be  investigated,  including
accidents involving only property damage, the scope of the investigation
depends on the seriousness of the accident.

     a.  Objectives of an Accident or  Illness Investigation.  The objectives
of an accident or illness investigation are to:

         (1)  Determine the existence  of  any hazards  or contributing
factors involved, and make recommendations for eliminating the  hazards.

         (2)  Determine if any unsafe  or  unhealthful  behavior or  condition
was involved, and make recommendations for eliminating the  unsafe or
unhealthful condition or behavior involved.
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      b.  Determination of Accident or Illness Causes.  The cause of an
 accident or illness is any behavior,  condition,  act, or negligence without
 which the accident or illness  would not  have happened.  One of the primary
 reasons for accident or illness investigation is to determine the causal
 factors involved so corrective actions can be initiated.

      The cause of an accident  or illness is normally a combination of
 simultaneous or sequential  circumstances without any of which the accident
 or illness could not have happened.

      The investigator should look  for and identify correctly all accident
 and illness  causes to ensure better analysis and provide the basis for
 realistic corrective action.

      c.   Responsibilities for  an Accident or Illness Investigation.
 Accident or  illness investigations  require a search for all factors
 involved in  the accident or illness.   Every factor mist be found, evaluated
 and considered  in order to  determine  what actually occurred and why.
 Failure to gather and consider all  factors could allow recurrent accidents
 or  illnesses from the same  cause.

          (1) Supervisor.   When the supervisor is advised that an accident
 or  illness has  occurred,  he/she should:

               (a)   Investigate promptly.

               (b)   Determine what happened and how it happened.

               (c)   Determine the results.

              (d)   Determine what  immediate corrective action to take.

              (e)   Notify the  Occupational Health and Safety Designee and
 request  assistance from the Designee  and others if needed.

          (2)  Occupational  Health and Safety Designee.   When the Designee
 is  advised that  an accident or illness has occurred,  he/she should:

              (a)   Conduct  an  investigation promptly.

              (b)   Collect  and weigh  all  facts,  and justify the conclusions
 reached by the evidence.

              (c)   Determine familiarity  by the employee with equipment
and procedures involved.

              (d)   Determine the conditions or situations relative to the
cause of the accident or illness.
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               (e)   Determine  if the accident or illness was caused by a
 physical  hazard or by  an unsafe act.

               (f)   Assign one or  more persons to investigate major lost
 time accidents  or  illnesses.

               (g)   Be  objective and independent from the individuals or
 programs  involved  in the accident or illness.

      d.   Procedures for Conducting an Investigation.  The Occupational
 Health and  Safety  Designee should follow these procedures in all accident
 and,  in  most cases, illness investigations:

          (1) Arrive at the scene promptly and obtain facts quickly and
 accurately.

          (2) Promptly  assess existing hazards to others at the scene
 and,  as appropriate, evacuate the area and/or seek professional assistance
 to  secure the premises  from further such occurrences.

          (3) Evidence  at the scene of an accident must be preserved until
 the investigation  is completed, except to the extent necessary to protect
 employees and the  public.

          (4) Get  statements  from all witnesses.

          (5) Interview the injured person(s) as soon as possible.

          (6)  Obtain physical evidence.   Get measurements and photograph
the scene.

          (7)  Record all  evidence relating to the accident or illness.

          (8)  Recommend  hazard elimination, change in standard operating
procedures,  or training revision.

     Appendix 3-B  is a  detailed outline of accident or illness investigation
procedures.

     e.  Distribution of  Investigation Reports.  Copies of accident or
illness investigation reports shall  be distributed as follows:

          (1)  The  supervisor shall:

              (a)   Provide a copy of his/her investigation to the local
Occupational Health and Safety Designee.

              (b)   Provide a copy to the employee(s) involved.
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              (c)  Keep a copy for his/her  file.

         (2)  The Occupational Health and Safety Designee  shall:

              (a)  Provide a copy to the Officer-in-Charge of the Reporting
Unit.

              (b)  Provide a copy to the Headquarters Occupational Health
and Safety Staff.

              (c)  Provide a copy to the local  occupational  health and
safety committee.

              (d)  Provide a copy to the exclusive  employee  representative,
if appropriate and requested.

              (e)  Keep a copy for his/her  file.

     Investigation reports shall  be made available  to the  Secretary of
Labor or his/her authorized  representative  on request.

4.  ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS RECORDING AND REPORTING.   The accurate and
complete recording and reporting of accidents and  illnesses  are essential
to effective investigations.

    The reasons for recording and reporting accidents and  illnesses are
to notify management that a mishap has occurred; to record essential
information that will help identify causes, point  to corrective action,
indicate trends, and provide a basis for future occupational health and
safety program planning; and to permit an evaluation of  the  progress
being made in the prevention of accidents and illnesses.

    a.  Reporting Forms.  The following forms are  used  by  EPA  for  main-
taining occupational health and safety accident and illness  records and
for preparing Agency reports and reports required  by the Department of
Labor.

        (1)  EPA Form 1440-9, "Supervisor's Report of Accident/Illness"
(See Appendix 3-C).  This is the basic document for reporting  all  job-
related accidents and illnesses.

        (2)  OSHA Form 100-F, "Log of Federal Occupational  Injuries and
Illnesses" (See Appendix 3-D).  This is the basic  document used for
compiling data under the Occupational Health and Safety  Act.

        (3)  OSHA Form 102-F, "Annual Summary of Federal Occupational
Injuries and Illnesses" (See Appendix 3-F),  This  form  is  to be used  for
annual report submissions by EPA Reporting  Units to Headquarters.   (The
Headquarters Occupational Health and Safety Staff  will  prepare and submit


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an annual summary for the Agency  to  the Department of Labor.)  A copy
of each Reporting unit's report should  be  posted  at  its headquarters and
all sub-units covered by the report  for 30 days no later than 45 days
after the beginning of the Calendar  Year.

    b.  Reporting Requirements.  EPA requires that employees report all
job-connected accidents and illnesses to their  supervisor.  A job-connected
accident or illness is any incident  involving Agency personnel, property,
or operations which results in personal injury  or illness, vehicle
collision, fire, a potential claim against the  Government, or property
damage of $100.00 or more, or any incident having the potential to  cause
death, serious injury or illness.

         (1)  Reporting Procedures.  Procedures  for the  reporting and
distribution of information on accident or illness incidents by the
employee, the supervisor, the Personnel Office  and the Reporting Unit
Occupational Health and Safety Designee follow:

            (a)  The employee shall:

                 1_  Report  immediately  any job-connected  incidents  to
his/her supervisor.

                 2_  Furnish accurate and  sufficient  information  regarding
the circumstances of the incident to enable  the supervisor to complete
EPA Form 1440-9.

                 3^  Complete CA-1, if an  occupational  injury  is  involved.

                 4_  Complete CA-2, if an occupational  illness is involved.

            (b)  The supervisor shall:

                 1_  Investigate all  job-connected incidents  within  two
working days and complete EPA Form 1440-9, Supervisor's Report of
Accident/Illness.

                 2_  Distribute copies of EPA Form 1440-9  as  follows:

                    a  Original (white) to EPA, Occupational  Health and
Safety Staff (PM-273J, Washington, D.  C. 20460.

                    b^  Furnish the employee  a  copy (go! den rod).

                    £  Retain a copy (pink)  for his/her file.

                    d^  Furnish the Personnel Office  or  Employee  Compensation
Coordinator with a copy (green) along with the original CA-1  or  CA-2 if an
occupational injury or illness is involved.
                                   3-5

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STAFF  MANUAL                         1440
                                                                    3/18/86

                   e_  Furnish  a copy  (canary) to the local Occupational
 Health and Safety Designee along with a  copy of the CA-1 or CA-2 if an
 occupational injury or illness is  invoTved.

              (c)  The Personnel  Office or Workers' Compensation Coordinator
 shall:

                   J_  Review the EPA Form 1440-9 and CA-1 or CA-2 if an
 occupational injury or illness is  involved.

                   2_  Contact  the employee and explain his/her rights and
 benefits  under  the Federal Employees  Compensation Act.

                   2  If  an OSHA  recordable injury or illness is involved,
 forward the  original  CA-1 or CA-2  to  the Office of Workers'  Compensation,
 U.S.  Department of Labor, and  file a  copy in the employee's  official
 personnel  file, or

                   _4  If  no OSHA  recordable injury or illness is involved,
 file  the  original  CA-1 or CA-2 in  the  employee's official  personnel  file.

              (d)   The Occupational Health and Safety Designee shall:

                   ]_  Assign a  control  number for the case.

                   2_  Prepare a file.

                   3_  Enter information regarding the indicent on the
 Reporting  Unit  log (a  separate OSHA Form 100-F may be used).  See Appendix
 3-E.

                   4^  If the incident  is recordable under OSHA cirteria
 enter the  information  on the OSHA Form 100-F log.   See  Appendix 3-D.

                  J5  Proceed with the investigation of  the incident within
 five working days  of receipt of EPA Form 1440-9 for routine  incidents and
 on  receipt of verbal,  telephone, or written information pertaining to
 the reporting of a serious incident as defined in  the following section.

                  £ Document  the  findings  and distribute copies as
 follows:

                     a  Original to the EPA,  Occupational  Health and
Safety Staff, (PM-273J, Washington, D. C. 20460.

                     b^ Copy to the Officer-in-Charge of the Reporting
Unit,  and Establishment or Workplace if these sub-units  are  involved.

                     £ Copy to the Chairperson,  Occupational  Health and
Safety Committee.

                                   3-6

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  MANUAL                               1440
                                                                    3/18/86

                    d^  Copy  to the  exclusive representative, if appropriate
 and requested.

                    £  Retain a  copy  for  his/her official file.

          (2)  Reporting of  Serious Incidents.  The supervisor and/or local
 Occupational Health and Safety  Designee  mist  report serious incidents to
 the Headquarters Occupational Health and Safety Staff by telephone or
 facsimile copy within 48 hours  of  occurrence.  A serious incident involves:

               (a)  An accident  or  illness resulting in death.

               (b)  A disabling  injury  involving the loss of use of a prin-
 cipal  part  of the body or total disability.

               (c)  A single incident which requires the hospitalization
 of  five  or  more  employees,  regardless of cause or severity;

               (d)  An incident  stemming  from EPA operations involving
 non-EPA  personnel  which requires hospitalization of five or more persons
 or  results  in a  fatality;

               (e)   Damage which exceeds $10,000.00 to EPA leased or owned
 property  or to non-EPA property arising from EPA operations.

               (f)   Reports  of incidents which require immediate reporting
 must contain:

                    _]_  Name(s) of person(s) involved.

                    2_  Date  and  time of incident.

                    _3_  Apparent  cause of the incident.

                    £  Location  and brief circumstances.

                    5_  Name(s) and  address(es) of the next of kin if a
fatality  is  involved.

                   j>.  Type  and  extent of property damage.

                    1_  Present status (what has been and what remains to
be done).

                   J3  Personal  contacts and telephone numbers for addi-
tional  information.

     c.   Record or  Log  of Federal  Occupational Injuries and Illnesses.
EPA requires that a  record or log of OSHA recordable occupational  injuries


                                   3-7

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                              1440
                                                                   3/18/86
and illnesses must be maintained at each  Reporting Unit identified by
the Agency in Appendix 3-A.  An OSHA recordable  occupational injury OP
illness involves:
          (1)  All work-related injuries and illnesses that  result in death
regardless of the time between injury and death  or the length of the illness.
          (2)  An injury or illness which  results in  one or  more of the
following:
              (a)  Loss of consciousness,
              (b)  Restriction of work or motion,
              (c)  Transfer to another job,
              (d)  Days away from work,
              (e)  Restricted work activity, or
              (f)  Medical treatment beyond First Aid.
     Appendix 3-G is a Flow Chart Depecting OSHA accident/illness recording
criteria.
     d.  Related Reports.  In addition to the submission  of EPA Form 1440-9,
the supervisor is responsible for other reports  required  under regulations.
These include:
          (1)  State and local police reports regarding motor vehicle
accidents;
          (2)  SF-91, Report of Motor Vehicle Accident;
          (3)  SF-91, Investigation Report of Motor Vehicle  Accident;
          (4)  Coast Guard Form CG-3865, Boating  Accident  Report; and
          (5)  NTSB Form 6120.1, Pilot-Operator Aircraft Accident Report.
5.  AGENCY ANNUAL REPORTS.  EPA requires two annual  reports on a Calendar
Year basis.  These reports are:
     a.  Annual  Summary of Federal OccupationalInjuries  andIllnesses*
          (1)  Each EPA Reporting Unit shall  compile  an annual summary of
the occupational injuries and illnesses that have occurred  at  Its head-
quarters and all of its sub-units during  the past Calendar  Year.
                                   3-8

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                               1440
                                                                   3/18/86

         (2)  The summary shall  be  based on the OSHA recordable record
or log of occupational injuries and illnesses.  The Headquarters Occupa-
tional Health and Safety Staff will  provide Reporting Units with copies
of OSHA Form 102-F for this purpose.

         (3)  Each Reporting Unit shall  post  a copy of  their  annual
summary report for 30 days not later than 45  calendar days after the
close of the Calendar Year at its headquarters and at each of its  sub-'units.

         (4)  The Headquarters Occupational Health and  Safety Staff shall
consolidate annual summaries from EPA  Reporting Units and furnish  the
Department of Labor with a consolidated  report to meet  its reporting
deadline after the close of the Calendar Year.  Copies  of this consolidated
report will  be furnished to all  Reporting Units.

     b.  Annual Narrative Report.

         (1)  Each EPA Reporting Unit  shall  be required to submit  a narrar
tive report describing its occupational  health and safety program  for the
previous Calendar Year by February  15  of each year.

         (2)  The Headquarters Occupational Health and  Safety Staff shall
furnish guidelines for this report to  each Reporting Unit  based on Depart"
ment of Labor requirements.

         (3)  The Headquarters Occupational Health  and  Safety Staff will
provldse a consolidated Agency annual  narrative report  to the Department
of Labor by April 1st of each year. The consolidated  report  shall include
a summary of the Agency's evaluation of  its occupational health and safety
programs.  Each Reporting Unit will be furnished  a  copy of this report.

6.  ACCESS TO RECORDS BY THE SECRETARY OF LABOR.  The records generated
by the requirements of this Chapter shall  be  available  and accessible  to
the Secretary of Labor or his/her authorized  representative(s).

7.  UTILIZATION AND LOCATION OF RECORDS  AND REPORTS.  Occupational injury
and illness information must be made available to employees and their
representatives with the basic information  necessary  to assure they  can
actively participate in EPA's safety and health programs.  Occupational
health and safety inspectors also mist have  access  to  accident and Illness
records to better carry out their duties.

The official records may be maintained at  the Reporting Unit  headquarters.
Copies of the reports generated by  these records  must be provided  to the
Establishment(s) and Workplace(s) under administrative  control of  the
Reporting Unit.
                                  3-9

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  MANUAL                               1440
                                                                    3/18/86

 8.  RETENTION OF RECORDS.   The  records and reports required to be main-
 tained under the provisions of  this Chapter shall be retained by each
 Reporting Unit for five years following the end of the Calendar Year to
 which they relate.  These  records  may be stored at a Federal Record
 Retention Center which  has  reasonable access.  Records required by Agency
 and OSHA standards shall be retained in accordance with those standards.

 9.  INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY  RATES,  AND COST OF ACCIDENTS AND ILLNESSES.
 The determination of the incidence rate, number of lost work days, and
 the cost of  accidents and illnesses should be periodically made.  These
 data should  be provided to  Agency  managers and supervisors to keep them
 informed of  the  progress or problems of the program.  The Director,
 Occupational  Health and Safety  Staff, will provide an annual report to
 each Reporting Unit on  their incidence and severity rates.

      a.   Incidence and  Severity Rates.  The incidence rate is the number
 of injuries  and  illnesses or lost  work days per 100 full-time employees.

      Incidence rates are calculated as follows:

          Number  of recordable injuries/illnesses x 200,000
                     Total employee hours worked
                 (during a month, a quarter or a Calendar Year)

     The lost work day rates or severity rates are calculated as  follows:

         Number  of lost work days x 200,000
            Total employee hours worked

     b.  Accident/Illness Cost Data.  The indirect  cost  of injuries  and
illnesses is a matter of concern and is a strong argument for maintaining
safe and healthful conditions and work practices.   A conservative estimate
of indirect costs over direct costs is 4 to 1.

         (1)  The factors involved in direct costs  are:

              (a)  Reimbursement of medical benefits to the Department
of Labor.

              (b)  Reimbursement of compensation benefits to the Depart-
ment of Labor.

              (c)  Payment of costs to the Department of Labor for the
administrative costs of the program.
                                   3-10

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                               1440
                                                                    3/18/86

         (2)  The factors involved  in indirect  costs  are:

              (a)  Continuation of  pay for the  injured employee.

              (b)  Time lost from work by  the injured employee.

              (c)  Time lost by fellow workers:

                   1_  Time lost by  the supervisor during  the investigation
and reporting.

                   _2  Time lost by  other employees providing statements
to investigators and observing the  incidents.

                   3_  Time lost by  management and clerical  personnel
while providing assistance in the investigating and reporting period.

              (d)  Cost of repairing damage to  equipment  and/or facilities.

              (e)  Cost of training a substitute or new employee.

              (f)  Economic loss to employee's  family.

              (g)  Cost of damage to non-government property.

     Although these indirect costs  are real,  they are difficult to demon-
strate to management as being a part of the overall costs of an accident
or illness.  However,  management should be apprised of these factors
that affect the overall costs of accidents and  illnesses.
                                   3-11

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                                                APPENDIX  3-A  - REPORTING UNITS
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

I. REGIONAL ORGANIZATION

o Regional Office
  Region 1
  JFK Federal Bldg.
  Boston, MA  02203

  oo Regional Laboratory
     Region 1
     60 Westview St.
     Lexington,  MA  02173

o Regional Office
  Region 2
  26 Federal Plaza
  New York, NY  10007

  oo Regional Laboratory
     Region 2
     Woodbridge  Ave.
     Edison, NJ   08837

     ooo Envi ronmenttil  Response Team
         Woodbridge Ave.
         Edison,  NJ  08837

     ooo Oil  & Haz. Materials
         Spil1 Branch
         Woodbridge Ave.
         Edison,  NJ  08837

     ooo Storm/Combined Sewsr Section
         Woodbridge Ave.
         Edison,  NJ  08837
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace
o Regional Administrator
  Region 1
  oo Di rector,  Environmental
     Services Division
o Regional  Administrator
  Region 2
  oo Di rector,  Envi ronmental
     Services Division
     ooo Chief,  Environmental
         Response  Section
     ooo Chief,  Oil  &  Haz.
         Materials Spill Branch
     ooo Chief,  Storm  & Combined
         Sewer Section
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility
Occupational Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health  &
Safety Responsibility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health &
                       Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational Health &
                       Safety Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health &
                       Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational Health &
                       Safety Designee -
                       Workplace
I
I
                                                                                     •b
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                                                            3-A-l

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo San Juan Field Office
o Regional Office
  Regi on 3
  Curtis Bldg., 6th & Walnut
  Philadelphia, PA  19106

  oo Annapolis Field Office
     839 Bestgate Rd.
     Annapolis, MD  21401

  oo Wheeling Field Office
     303 Methodist Bldg.
     Wheeling, WV  26003

o Regi onal Office
  Region 4
  345 Courtland St. ., NE
  Atlanta, GA  30308

o Regional Office
  Region 5
  230 S. Dearborn St.
  Chicago, IL  60604

  oo Regi onal Laboratory
     Region 5
     536 S. Clark St.
     Chicago, IL  60609

  o  Eastern District Office
     25089 Center Ridge Rd.
     West Lake, OH  44145
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Director,  San Juan
o Regional Administrator
  Region 3
  oo Director,  Annapolis
     Field Office
  oo Director, Wheeling
     Field Office
o Regional Administrator
  Region 4
o Regi onal Administrator
  Region 5
  oo Di rector, Environmental
     Services Division
   oo Director, Eastern District
     Office
  Occupational
 Health 8, Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Establishment

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Establishment

                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Establi shment

                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Reporting  Unit
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety Designee -
                       Reporting  Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Establishment
                             a
                             3
                           oo o

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                           CTl
                                                              -A-2

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
_ OOP Workplace

o Regional Office
  Region 6
  1201 Elm St.
  Dallas, TX  75270

  oo Houston Branch
     Environmental Services Div.
     6608 Hornwood Dr.
     Houston, TX  77074

o Regional Office
  Region 7
  726 Minnesota Ave.
  Kansas City, KS  66101

  oo Regional Laboratory
     Region 7
     25 Funston Rd.
     Kansas City, KS  66115

o Regi onal Office
  Region 8
  One Denver Place
  999 18th St.
  Denver, CO  80202-2413

  oo Technical Investigations Br.
     Bldg. 53, DFC
     Denver, CO  80225

  oo Montana Operations Office
     Helena, MT

o Regional Office
  Region 9
                                  Officer-in-Charge of:
                                  o Reporting Unit
                                    oo Establishment
                                       OOP Workplace

                                  o Regional Administrator
                                    Region 6
                                    oo Di rector, Environmental
                                       Services Division
                                  o Regional Administrator
                                    Region 7
                                     oo Di rector, Environmental
                                       Services Division
                                   o Regional Administrator
                                    Region 8
                                     oo Di rector, Environmental
                                       Services Division
                                    oo Chief, Montana Operations
                                       Office

                                   o Regional Administrator
                                    Region 9
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
215 Fremont St.
San Francisco,  CA
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                                                 00 O

                                                 00
                     94105
                                                             3-A-:

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

o Regional Office
  Region 10
  1200 6th Ave.
  Seattle, WA  98101

  oo Regional Laboratory
     Region 10
     P. 0. Box 549
     Manchester, WA  98353

  oo Oregon Operations Office
     533 S. W. Fifth Ave.
     Yeon Bldg., 2nd Floor
     Portland, OR  97204

  oo Idaho Operations Office
     422 West Washington St.
     Boise, ID  83702

  oo Washington Operations Office
     13400 Northrup Way, Suite 3
     Bellevue, WA 98004

  oo Alaska Operations Office
     Room #535,  Federal Bldg.
     701 C St.
     Anchorage,  AL  99513

II.   HEADQUARTERS ORGANIZATION

o Headquarters Complex
  (Includes Waterside and  Crystal
   Malls and the Marfair Bldg.)
  401 M St.,  SW
  Washington,  DC  20460
Of ficer-i n-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

o Regional  Administrator
  Region 10
  oo Di rector,  Environmental
     Services Division
  oo Director,  Oregon Operations
     Office
  oo Director,  Idaho Operations
     Office
  oo Di rector,  Washington  Operations    "
     Office
  oo Director,  Alaska  Operations
     Office
  Occupati onal
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager  -
Reporting Unit
                                Occupational Health
                                & Safety Manager -
                                Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health  &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee  -
Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
8
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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Office of the Administrator
     401 M Street, SW
     Washington, D.C.  20460

     ooo Associate Administrator
         for International Activities
         401 M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Associate Administrator
         for Regional Operations
         401 M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

  oo Assistant Administrator for
     Administration & Resources Wgmt.
     401 M Street,  SW
     Washington,  O.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Administration
         401 M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Comptroller
         401 M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  204150

     ooo Office of Information
         Resources  Managenent
         4-01 M St reet,  Stt
         Washington,  D.C.  204iiO
     ooo Office  of Human Resources Mgmt,
        401 M Street, SW
        Washington, D.C.   20450
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
     ooo Workplace
  Occupational
 Wealth & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational Health
& Safety Manager-
Reporting Unit
     ooo Associate Administrator
         for International Activities
     ooo Associate Administrator
         for Regional Operations
  oo Assistant Administrator
     for Administration  &
     Resources Management
Occupational Health
& Safety Manager-
Reporting Unit
     ooo Director,  Office  of
         Administration
     ooo Oirector,. Office of
        Coup t roller
     ooo Director, Office  of
         Information Resources Mgmt,
     ooo Director, Office  of Wuman
         Resources Mgmt.
                                                            3-A-5
     Facility
Occupational Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational Health
& Safety Designee-
Establishment

Occupational Health
& Safety Designee-
Workplace
Occupational Health
& Safety Designee-
Establishment
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee-
                       Workplace
                                                                               0.0

                                                                               c.
                                                                               c

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Office of Asst.
     for Enforcement
     Monitoring
     401 M Street, SW
     Washington, D.C.
Admi nistrator
& Compliance
  20460
  oo Office of General Counsel
     401 M St., SW
     Washington, DC  20460

  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for Policy, Planning, &
     Evaluation
     401 M St., SW
     Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Policy Analysis
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Standards and
         Regulations
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Management
         Systems and Evaluation
         401 M  St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for External Affai rs
     401 M St. , SW
     Washington, DC  20460
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

  oo Assistant Administrator
     for Enforcement  and
     Compliance Monitoring
                  oo Director,  Office  of
                     General  Counsel
                  oo Assistant Administrator
                     for Policy,  Planning, &
                     Evaluation
                     ooo Director,  Office  of
                         Policy  Analysis
                     ooo Director,  Office  of
                         Standards  and
                         Regulations
                     ooo Director,  Office of
                         Management Systems li
                         Evaluation
                  oo Assistant Administrator for
                     External Affairs
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
and Safety Manager -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Establi shment
                                                       Occupational Health
                                                       & Safety Designee -
                                                       Workplace
                                                        Occupational Health
                                                        & Safety Designee -
                                                        Establishment
                                               u>
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                                                             3-A-6

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

     ooo Office of Private and
         Public Sector Liaison
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Congressional
         Liaison
         401 M St. , SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Federal Activiti
         401 M Street, SW
         Washington, D.C.  20460

  oo Office of Inspector General
     401 M Street, SW
     Washington, D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Audit
         401 M Street, SW
         Washington, D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Investigations
         401 M Street, SW
         Washington, D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Management and
         Technical Assessment
         401 M Street, SW
         Washington, D.C.  20460

  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for Watar
     401 M Street, SW
     Washington, D.C.  20460
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

     ooo Director, Office of
         Private and Public
         Sector Liaison
     ooo Director, Office of
         Congressional  Liaison
es     ooo Di rector,  Office  of
           Federal  Activities
  oo  Director, Office of
      Inspector General
     ooo Director, Office of
         Audit
     ooo Director, Office of
         Investigations
     ooo Director, Office of
         Management and
         Technical Assessment
  oo Director, Office of
     Assistant Adminstrator
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility
                                 Occupational  Health
                                 & Safety  Manager-
                                 Reporting Unit
                                                              Facility
                                                         Occupational  Health &
                                                         Safety Responsibility

                                                         Occupational  Health
                                                         & Safety Designee -
                                                         Workplace
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Workplace

                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Establishment

                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Workplace
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety Designee  -
                       Establishment
                                                                                  U) M
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                        3-A-7

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o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

     ooo Office of Water Enforcement
         & Permits
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Water Regulations
         and Standards
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Marine and
         Estuarine Protection
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Marine and
         Estuarine Protection
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Municipal
         Pollution Control
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Groundwater
         Pollution
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460

     ooo Office of Drinking Water
         401  M Street,  SW
         Washington,  D.C.  20460
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

     ooo Director, Office of
         Water Enforcement &
         Permits
                              Occupational
                            Health & Safety
                            Program Management
                              Responsibility

                            Occupational Health
                            &  Safety Manager -
                            Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Workplace
ooo Director,  Office of  Water
    Regulations & Standards
ooo Director,  Office of  Marine
    and Estuarine Protection
ooo Director,  Office of  Marine     "
    and Estuarine Protection
ooo Director,  Office of
    Municipal  Pollution  Control
ooo Director,  Office of  Ground-
    water Pollution
ooo Director,  Office of
    Drinking Water
                                                            3-A-8
                                                                          oo o

                                                                          00

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for Solid Waste and Emergency
     Response
     401 M St., SW
     Washington, DC  20469

     ooo Office of Waste Programs
         Enforcement
         401  M SU, SW
         Washington* DC   20460

     ooo Office of Solid Waste
         401  M St., SW
         Washington, DC   20460

     ooo Office of Emergency and
         Remedial  Response
         401  M St., SW
         Washington, DC   20460

     ooo Office of Underground
         Storage Tanks
         401  M St.* SW
         Washington, DC   29460

  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for Air  and Radiation
     401  M St., SW
     Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Air Quality
         Planning  and Standards
         401  M St., SW
         Washington, DC   20460
Of f ice r-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo £stablishment
	ooo Workplace

  oo Asst Administrator
     OSWER
for
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager  -
Reporting Unit
     ooo Director,  Office of
         Waste Programs Enforcement
     ooo Director, Office of Solid
         Waste
     ooo Director,  Office  of
         Emergency  and Remedial
         Response
     ooo Director, Office of Under-
         ground Storage  Tanks
  oo Asst Administrator for
     Air and Radiation
     ooo Director, Office  of
         Air Quality  Planning
         and Standards
         Occupational Health
         & Safety Manager -
         Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational Health
and Safety Designee -
Workplace
                               Occupational Health
                               and Safety Designee
                               Establishment
                               Occupational Health
                               and Safety Designee
                               Workplace
                      Occupational Health
                      & Safety Designee -
                      Establishment
                               Occupational Health
                               & Safety Designee -
                               Wo rk pi a ce
                                              U) K
                                                                                                                   CO
                                                            3-A-9
                                                                                                                   00
                                                                                                                   01

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

     ooo Office of Mobile Sources
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Radiation Programs
         401 M St. , SW
         Washington, DC  20460
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

     ooo Director, Office of
         Mobile Sources
     ooo Director, Office of
         Radiation Programs
     ooo Office of Pesticide Programs
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Toxic Substances
         401 M St., , SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Compliance Monitoring
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager  -
Reporting Unit
  oo Office of Asst Admi nistrator      oo Assistant Administrator for
     for Pesticides & Toxic Substances    OPTS
     401 M St. , SW
     Washington, DC  20460
     ooo Director, Office of
         Pesticide Programs
     ooo Director, Office of
         Toxi c Substances
     ooo Di rector, Office of
         Compliance Monitoring
  oo Office of Asst Administrator
     for Research and Development
     401 M St., SW
     Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Acid Deposition,
         Environmental Monitoring &
         Quality Assurance
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC   20460
   oo Assistant Administrator for
     Research and Development
      ooo Director, Office of Acid      '
         Deposition, Environmental
         Monitoring & Quality Assurance
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility^

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Workplace
                                                        Occupational Health
                                                        &  Safety Designee -
                                                        Establishment
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Work pi ace
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety  Designee  -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational  Health
                       & Safety Designee  -
                       Workplace
                         CO I-1
                         \ £*
                         H" £*
                         oo o
                         00
                                                             3-A-10

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

     ooo Office of Environmental
         Engineering and Technology
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Environmental
         Processes & Effects Research
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

     ooo Office of Health Research
         401 M St., SW
         Washington, DC  20460

o Chemical & Biological Investi-
  gations Branch
  Bldg. 402, ARC East
  Beltsville, MD  20705

  oo Northwest Biological Investi
     gations Station
     3320 Orchard Ave.
     Corvallis, OR  97330

o Toxicant Analysis Center
  NSTL, Bldg. 1105
  Bay St. Louis, MS  39529

o Environmental Research Center
  26 W. St. Clair St.
  Cincinnati, OH  45268

  oo Office of Administration
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati, OH  45268
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

     ooo Director, Office of
         Env. Engineering
         & Technology
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager  -
Reporting Unit
     ooo Director,  Office of
         Env. Processes &
         Effects Research
     ooo Director,  Office of
         Health Research
o Chief, Chemical & Biological    Occupational Health
  Investigations Branch          & Safety  Designee -
                                 Reporting Unit
  oo Chief, Northwest Biological
     Investigations Station
o Chief, Toxicant Analysis Center
o Senior Official
  Research and Development
  oo Director, Office of
     Administration
Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Workplace
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health
                       &  Safety Designee -
                       Establishment
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee -
                       Reporting Unit
                       Occupational Health     oo*>
                       & Safety  Designee -     ^o°
                       Establishment           ^
                                                            3-A-ll

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establi shment
     OOP Workplace

  oo Environmental Monitoring
     & Support Lab-Cinn.
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo Center for Environmental
     Research Information
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo Environmental Criteria  &
     Assessment Office
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo Industrial Environmental
     Research Lab-Cinn.
     5555 Ridge Ave.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo Municipal Environmental
     Research Lab-Cinn.
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo Health Effects Research
     Laboratory-Cinn.
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268

  oo National Training  & Operational
     Technology Center
     26 W. St. Clair St.
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Di rector,  EMSL-Cinn.
  oo Di rector,  CERI-Cinn.
  oo Di rector,  ECAO-Cinn.
  oo Di rector,  lERL-Cinn.
  oo Director,  MERL-Cinn.
  oo Director,  HERL-Cinn.
  oo Di rector,  NTOTC
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Manager  -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health  &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Establishment
                                                                                                                     §
                                                I
                                                                               CO
                                                                               00 O

                                                                               CO
                                                                               CTl
                                                           3-A-12

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
     OOP Workplace

  oo Technical  Support Division
     5555 Ridge Ave.
     Cincinnati, OH  45268

o Environmental Research Lab
  Research Triangle Park,
    NC  27711

  oo Office of  Administration and
     Resources  Management
     Research Triangle Park,
       NC  27711

  oo Environmental  Monitoring and
     Systems Lab-RTP
     Research Triangle Par*,
       WC  27711

  oo Health Effects Research
     Laboratory-RTF
     Research Triangle Park,
       NC  27711

  oo Atmospheric Sciences Research
     Laboratory-RTP
     Research Triangle Park,
       tIC  27711

  oo Air and Energy Research Lab
     Research Triangle Park,
       NC  27711

  oo Deputy Assistant Administrator
     for Air Quality  Planning &
     Standards-RTP
     Durham, NC  27711
Of f1cer~jt n-^,>c.rc--: :.:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

  oo Director, Technical
     Support Division
o Senior Official
  Research and Development
     uii a  aietv
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational Health
& Safety Manager -
Reporting Unit

Occupational Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
  oo Director, Office of Admini-
     stration and Resources
     Management
  oo Director,  IMSL-RTP
     Director,  ASftt-RTP
  oo Di rector,  AESL-RTP
  oo Deputy Assistant Administrator
     for Air Quality Planning &
     Standards-RTP
     Durham, JC  27711  -
Occupational Health &
Safety Responslbility

Occupational Health
& Safety Designee -
Establishment

Occupational Health
& Safety Designee -
Establishment
s
1
                                              U- H
                                              \ *>•
                                              M 4»i
                                              00 O

                                              00
                                                           3-A-13

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

o Environmental Monitoring Systems
  Laboratory-Las Vegas
  P. 0. Box 15027
  Las Vegas, NV  89114

  oo Vint Hill Farms Station
     EPIC
     P. 0. box 1587
     Warrenton, VA  22186

     ooo Office of Radiation Programs
         P. 0. Box 18416
         Las Vegas, NV  89114
     ooo EPA Financial Management
         Di vi sion-Las Vegas
         Accounting Operations Office
         P. 0. Box 18418
         Las Vegas, NV  89114

     ooo Office of Civil Rights
         Area Office of Civil Rights
         P. 0. Box 15037
         Las Vegas, NV  89114

     ooo Personnel Management Office-
         Las Vegas
         P. 0. Box 18417
         Las Vegas, NV  89114

     ooo Region 9 Laboratory
         P. 0. Box 15027
         Las Vegas, NV  89114
Of.ficer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	ooo Workplace

o Director, EMSL-Las Vegas
  oo Chief, Vint Hill Farms
     Station-EPIC
     ooo Di rector, ORP
     ooo Financial Management
         Officer
     ooo Area Di rector
     ooo Director of Personnel
         Management
      ooo Senior Chemi st
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Director -
Reporting Unit
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Establi shment
                       Occupational Health
                       & Safety  Designee -
                       Workplace
                                              UJ
                                                                               CO
                                                                                                                   00
                                                                                                                   a\
                                                            5-A-14

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

o Environmental Research Lab
  Sabine Island
  Gulf Breeze, FL  32561

o Robert S. Kerr Environmental
  Research Laboratory
  P. 0. Box 1198
  Ada, OK  74820

  oo Ada Branch, ES Division
     Region 6, P. 0. Box 1198
     Ada, OK  74820

o Environmental Research Lab
  College Station Rd.
  Athens, GA  30613

  oo Region 4, ES Division
     College Station Rd.
     Athens, GA  30613

o Environmental Research Lab
  6201 Congdon Blvd.
  Duluth, MN  30605

  oo Large Lakes Research Station
     P. 0. Box 500
     Grossa He, MI  48138

  co Ecologi ca1
Officer-in-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
     OOP Workplace
o Director, Environmental
  Research Laboratory
o Director, RSKERL
  oo Chief, Ada Branch,
     ES Division
o Director, ERL
o Di rector, ESD
o Di rector, ERL
  oo Director, Large Lakes
     Research Station
          Occupational
         Health & Safety
        Program Management
          Responsibility

        Occupational Health
        & Safety Designee -
        Reporting Unit
        Occupational Health
        & Safety Manager -
        Reporting Unit
        Occupational Health
        & Safety Designee -
        Reporting Unit
                                                                                              Facility
                                                                                          Occupational Health &
                                                                                          Safety Responsibility

                                                                                          Occupational Health
                                                                                          & Safety Designee -
                                                                                          Reporting Unit
                                                                                          Occupational Health
                                                                                          &  Safety Designee -
                                                                                          Establishment

                                                                                          Occupational Health
                                                                                          &  Safety Manager -
                                                                                          Reporting Unit
                                                                                          Occupational Health
                                                                                          & Safety Designee -
                                                                                          Reporting Unit
oo Newton Fish Toxicology Station
   3411 Church St.
   Cincinnati, OH  45268
  oo Di rector, Newton F
     Station
;h Yoxicology
                                                        oo o
                                                        oo

-------
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establishment
	OOP Workplace

o Environmental Research Lab
  South Ferry Rd.
  Narragansett, RI  02882

  oo CERL Marine Division
     Marine Sciences Center
     Newport, OR  97365

o Environmental Research Lab
  200 S.W. 35th St.
  Corvallis, OR  97330

  oo Western Fish Toxicology Lab
     1350 S.E. Goodnight Ave.
     Corvallis, OR  97330

o National Enforcement Investi-
  gation Center
  Bldg. 53, Box 25227
  Denver, CO  80225

o Motor Vehicle Emissions
  Laboratory Facility
  2565 Plymouth Rd.
  Ann Arbor, MI  48105

o Eastern Environmental Radiation
  Facility
  1890 Federal Dr.
  Montgomery, AL  26109
Of ficer-i n-Charge of:
o Reporting Unit
  oo Establi shment
	OOP Workplace

o Director, Environmental
  Research Lab
  Occupational
 Health & Safety
Program Management
  Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
  oo Director,  CERL Marine Division
o Director, Environmental  Research Lab
  oo Chief, CERL Freshwater Tox.  Br.
o Director, NEIC
NEIC Occupational
Health & Safety
Designee - Reporting
Unit
o Chief, Administrative Section   Occupational Health
                                 & Safety  Manager -
                                 Reporting Unit
o Di rector,  Eastern Environ.
  Radiation  Facility
     Facility
Occupational  Health &
Safety Responsibility

Occupational  Health
& Safety Designee -
Reporting Unit
Occupational Health
& Safety Designee -
Establi shment

NEIC Occupational
Health & Safety
Designee - Reporting
Unit

Occupational Health
& Safety Manager -
Reporting Unit
                                                                                                                    R
H
Q
                                                                                                                   U)
                                                                                                                   CO
                                                                                                                   CO
                                                                                                                   CTi
                                                            3-A-16

-------
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                              1440
                                                                  3/18/86

         APPENDIX 3-8 - ACCIDENT/ILLNESS  INVESTIGATION PROCEDURES
 I.  Prepare log for all  EPA  Reportable  accident,  injuries, and  illnesses.

 2.  Enter all  accidents, injuries, and  illnesses  reports; number these
     consecutively.  This becomes  the Control Number.

 3.  Prepare a  log for OSHA recordable accidents/illnesses.

 4.  Transfer OSHA recordable accident/illness  from the EPA Reportable
     log to the OSHA recordable  log using Control  Number.

 5.  Prepare a separate file for each OSHA  recordable  accident/illness.

 6.  Report immediately to OHSS

     a.  A fatality.

     b.  A disabling injury

         (1) Involving loss of use of  principal  part  of  the  body,

         (2) Total disability, or

         (3) Five or more employees  injured in  a single  accident
             requiring hospitalization.

     c.  Property damage exceeding $10,000.00.

     d.  An injury requiring medical attention  or a  fatality  to  non-
         EPA personnel or $10,000.00 damage to  non-EPA property.

 7.  Priority of Accident Investigation

     a.  OSHA recordable.

     b.  EPA reportable.

     c.  all other incident,  i.e.  property, near misses,  etc.

 8.  Accident Investigation - Within five working days after  receipt of
     EPA Form 1440-9, Supervisor's Report  of Accident/Illness.

     a.  Interview the employee who had  the accident;

         (1) Put the employee at ease.

         (2) Conduct the interview at  the  scene of the incident  if
             possible.

                                  3-B-l

-------
 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH  AND  SAFETY MANUAL                              1440
                                                                   3/18/86
          (3)  Ask  for the  employee's  version of the incident.
          (4)  Ask  any necessary questions  (what, when, where, but not
              why).
          (5)  Repeat  the  employee's story  - correct any misunderstandings.
          (6)  Close  the interview on a positive note - prevention.
     b.   Interview witnesses  or  persons familiar with the circumstances
          (use the same techniques as with employees).
     c.   Re-enact the incident only when  absolutely necessary.
 9.  Accident Investigation Report (not accident report) should include:
     a.   Name of the employee.
     b.   Employee's  occupation.
     c.   When and where did it happen.
     d.   What inflicted the injury or damage.
     e.   Who  had the most control of what inflicted the injury or damage.
     f.   What happened.
     g.   What things  caused the  accident
          (1)  Immediate.
          (2)  Basic.
     h.  How can the  incident be kept from happening again.
10.  Review accident/illness reports  with the Occupational  Health and
     Safety Comnri ttee.
                                  3-B-2

-------
Occupational Health and Safety Manual
                                                                              1440  TN 15
                                                                              3/18/86
                 APPENDIX  3-C  - SUPERVISOR'S REPORT  OF ACCIDENT/ILLNESS
                                      fUtt*VtSOft'S KEfORT OF ACCIDENT/ILLMCtt
         • AIL TO:
             fPA H««dqw*rten
             OoBMpttiontf HMlth *»d Stfvty Suff
               Mcntgtmint lnform«tion ayn»rru (PW 2T3.
             Wtahtngton. DC 20460
                                                       Hi TUOM »*'l IMO AOOM M
                                                       TlkCPMOMt
                                                                                 AOIMCT «M COW
         MtTMUCnONC;
                                    i»n fttar
                           trt voif tttlf, Om^m W
         NAM I O» IMJWMCO O« ILL I
         OATt O* ACCl
                               TIM* O* ACCIOIHT
                                                       • •ACT LOCATIOM O* 4CCMMMT
MATIO l»i*GTM O' UtOlCAL THCATWiNT <

 O >I«IT AID QOI.V	P    OATI of mtT»icTie«»o«K ACTrvnrv_
                                                                   D   8Ari AWAV
                                                                                              O PATAk
         OOVCHNUfNT
         OAMAOI
             O MO  D Tft
                                             eo*T
                                                                 e xo  Ox/*
         NA«HATIVI Ot»C«l»TIOK Of ACClOiKT /Till **•!
         O*KCCTIV( ACTlOft
         O««iCTlVf ACTION WHICH KCf AIMt TO tf TAKIM (*» V*M «M »> •*««.
         OXATUKI O' (U'tllVMO*
                                                                                     oZrT
        If A »«
                                                           OUTHUWTION. WOW.
                                                                      an
                                                  3-C-l

-------
                                        APPENDIX  3-D -  LOG AND  SUMMARY  (     JCUPATIONAL  INJURIES  AND  ILLNESSES
Bureau of Latoc* Sutnttci
Log and Summery of Occupational
ln|UMA i
                                                                                       UJ. D»jiiiiiiiii« of l*or
                                                                                                                    Fix Ctbnil* YM> 19 .
  MM:  «>«
       UX

       ffc. »

OJ
 I
                                       AM *ffctf«Mn( «M »»* »**r •** #f l^w /
                                                                                 C^w
                                                                                 *Mrt
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                                                                                           f/o-i
                                                                                        -XW
                                                                                         tURI
                                                                                                                     r«P>. I«M •>. <-l O.IM.i ri IllMMt
                                                                                                                     DHK«  On <»»-> ••
                                                                                                                     !l
                                                                                                                        It
                                                                                                                                     ii
                                                                                                                                       TC
                                                                                                    TOST ONLY THIS TOUTION Of TM€ LAST f AOE MO LATCH THAW FEBRUARY I.

                                                                                                                                                                          •Jl

-------
                                                                i*
                                                                      *
                                                                                  1440 TN  15
                                                                               I  10/24/84


                                                                         If! i.
                                                             '-• -~ • 	 e. -: a. -
                                                             - ,; v ,  * -i * " *
                                                             ••- * : 5 : t- ;• ">.. \
                                                                    •• f,  >
                                                                  •  ;; j  '•
                                                                  :  i »  I
                                                                  "  •"••. t"  *S
                                                                      T;  I
                                                                      *•  •«
s  *
I  *

-------
                             APPENDIX E -  EPA REPORTABLE OCf   TIONAL INJURIES AND ILLNESSES
EPA requires  that all Job-related
accidents be  reported.
                                                          I „„....,„,         POST ONLY THIS PORTION OF THE LAST PAGE NO lATiR THAN FEBRUARY I

-------
     Occupational Health and Safety Manual
                                                                           1440  TN 15
                                                                           3/18/86
         APPENDIX  3-F -  ANNUAL SUMMARY  OF FEDERAL OCCUPATIONAL
                           INJURIES AND ILLNTSSES
  Annua Sj^^e'v a1 Federal
       U.S. Department of Labor
               '"r- ~T'r t-
  the 01 .* o* **•» wcf "•• »::&/aa"*
  tt>o^o tx »o*w*'3*c sr ts 'c 9» >*c
          o' ">* c*v ''0*' r*»'
                          DDDDn
                                            Mmmn lor >« Mvncr or
                                            r
                                            L
   Tn.s '
                                              EndntDM*
                                                            Mornn        OH
                     Me ami
                     f Z&j- • '
                     a 7S^> 
TMILMI
                                           6
                                          tap'
                                      CMumn)
                                                               W'
                 11
                           £• Ife) mo>* m*" iC ion o»-
                                    3-F-l

-------
                                                                                                    1440 TO  15
                                                                                                    3/18/86
                 ntct-"** V  *" »"«cn-3«r«» tout-* tt» tt •***•» dm eorturM r t» *sor. w rrw CM**" Pwionnc or Your *cgrtm»
        I ***a* t^
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                                                       .
           caie BT v« cooe «• coj^-. 7 c( r* to; of Occ<«(iiar«: »*un no r^m OSM* lOOf lag
        10 Oetunhon*1 m«»nM
         AKXXC n* »t*?^-v • "« *» an^rtMc by Ca» 10 n tit OS** l»r l»r«»«0 By CaOt 10 n Cekmrt T a> f» 0«K« No

        1: T*w CMM
         Co^i en %rvt y • -«t Caw 1 0 toomt n ODW T 9 t»O»«k Ho IOOF UQ
         Emr »<• io« o< i^.t ca^« *«* C»g^<• OCMA No lOOf Log
             m* lot* o mn ccj-i J*M'  Cov"1" 2 o< *• O6HA IBJf
              U«t WenUr Cftn
         Ccjr- m* »v-»«- o1 !-<«» l ei»c*-'i»'» I K) tDOMl r Ooii/w> I • M 0*HA lOOf Ug
         fiit' i»w io» y F-.| :».- ^at- Caj^f 3 gi ft OSAM lOZf
        < T*UI C«W< InraMn^ D|T| <••; »»»« Wwt
         CO-TM »* %.»«« o- ' -*i »• •— Y tecr i uu n* rw«»ni MCMI r Cewr M « t» OSHA No 100F Leg
         En»' mt to* o1 riii coj- jiw Co>i/"« 4 o< »» OSMA lOBf
        I Tewi O*tt  tmtj frww Wa«%
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         t-m- mt ioa o1 T»VI ;ou
                                                                         100* Lag
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           tc mv>t p*n.ir« tn<»c^»i «- yc., •0rv> rw rt aivrtgt «or» Mt. a.-jppM Mm 40 lown pr «wk to •«• vwn 30 fioun cr
                                                  3-F-2

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      OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
                                                        1440
                                                        3/18/86
                         APPENDIX 3-G - FLOW  CHART  DEPICTING
                               OSHA RECORDING CRITERIA
                                        If a  case
                                         Note:   A case must  involve  a
                                         death,  or a diagnosed illness,
                                         or an  injury  to an  employee.
Results from a
work accident
or from an ex-
posure in the
work envi ron-
ment and is
                                                            Does  not  result
                                                            from  a  work
                                                            accident  or
                                                            from  an exposure
                                                            i n the  work
                                                            envi ronment
    death
diagnosed
 illness
An injury which
   involves
                                   Loss of
                                  work days
                               Medical  treatment
                               (other than
                               first  aid)
                         None of
                          these
                                                         I
              Then case must be recorded
                                                      Then case is  not
                                                      to  be recorded
                                          3-G-l

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  MANUAL                               1440
                                                                  3/18/86

           CHAPTER 4 - INSPECTIONS AND ABATEMENT OF UNHEALTHFUL
                       OR  UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS
                            Table  of Contents

PARAGRAPH                                                     PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                        NUMBERS

General 	        1
Responsibilities 	        2
General Requirements 	        3
Formal Inspections 	        4
Formal Evaluations 	        5
Informal  Inspections 	        6
Walk-Through Inspections 	        7
Inspection Documentation 	        8
Reports on Unhealthful  or Unsafe Working Conditions  	        9
Correction of Unhealthful  or Unsafe Working  Conditions  	      10
Imnri nent Danger 	      11


FIGURE                                                          FIGURE
TITLES                                                          NUMBERS

Health and Safety Inspection Checklist  	        4-1
Report on Unsafe or Unhealthful  Conditions  	        4-2

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                              1440
                                                                   3/18/86


           CHAPTER 4 - INSPECTIONS  AND  ABATEMENT OF UNHEALTHF'JL
                       OR UNSAFE WORKING  CONDITIONS
1.  GENERAL.  Executive Order 1?196 provides  that the  head of each  agency
shall give prompt attention to reports by  employees  or others of  unhealthful
or unsafe working conditions; shall  assure  periodic  inspections of  agency
workplaces by personnel with sufficient technical competence to  recognize
unhealthful or unsafe working conditions;  and shall  assure prompt abatement
of unhealthful or unsafe working conditions.

2.  RESPONSIBILITIES.

     a.  The Agency Designated Occupational Health  and Safety Official
is responsible for assuring that formal  health and  safety inspections
are conducted at all EPA workplaces.

     b.  The Director, Occupational Health and Safety  Staff, is  responsible
for the performance of formal health and safety inspections at all  EPA
workplaces or for approving plans developed by locations  which elect  to
perform their own formal inspections.  The Director is also responsible for
the review of all formal health and safety inspection  reports and acts  as
the designee of the EPA Designated Occupational Health and Safety Official
for the review and coordination of abatement  plans.   The  Director is
responsible for making assessments and determinations  as  may be  required
to meet the Agency's need to conduct self-evaluations  of  its Occupational
Health and Safety programs.

     c.  Assistant Administrators, the General Counsel, the  Inspector
Generali, Associate Administrators, RegiohaT Administrators, and  Staff
Office'Directors are responsible for assuring that  informal  health and
safety inspections are conducted at workplaces under their jurisdiction
and, should they elect to rake their own formal inspection,  for  assuring
that plans for inspections are approved by the Director,  Occupational
Health and Safety Staff.  They are also responsible for taking  direct
action to correct unhealthful or unsafe working conditions brought  to
their attention by following the procedures outlined in paragraph 10  of
this Chapter.

     d.  Employees or employee representatives may  submit reports of
unhealthful and unsafe working conditions  to  the Director, Occupational
Health and Safety Staff, or to the Designated Agency Occupational Health
and Safety Official  by following the procedures specified in paragraph  9
of this Chapter.

     e.  Regional Safety Managers, Laboratory Safety Managers,  Facilities
Safety Managers, and/or local Occupational Health and  Safety Designees
are responsible to the Officer-in-Charge for the implementation  and
performance of local health and safety programs.


                                   4-1

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                               1440
                                                                     3/18/86

 3.  GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

      a.  jnspectors.   Executive Order 12196  requires  that each Agency
 utilize as inspectors  personnel with  sufficient technical competence to
 recognize unsafe or unhealthful working conditions  in the workplace.
 The qualifications  of  each  inspector  shall he  reviewed and approved in
 accordance with EPA Order  1440.5,  Qualifications and Training Require-
 ments  for OHS Program  Personnel.

          (1)  Health  and safety inspections  shall be made by a safety
 and health specialist  approved as  above.

          (2)  Inspectors will  be granted unlimited  access to areas to be
 inspected unless  the area contains  information classified in the interest
 of national  security.   Inspectors  will  have  unlimited access to those areas
 but will  be  escorted at  all  times  by  personnel who have been cleared for
 access to confidential  information.

          (3)  Under normal  circumstances, advance notice of formal health
 and safety  inspections will  be given.

          (4)  During the course of  the  inspection, the inspector should
 consult with employees concerning matters of occupational health and
 safety to the extent that the  inspector deems  necessary for the conduct
 of an  effective and thorough inspection.  Employees must be afforded the
 opportunity  to bring to  the  attention of the inspector any unhealthful
 or unsafe  working conditions which they have reason to believe exist in
 the work pi ace.

          (5)   Inspectors shall  comply with all health and safety rules
 and  practices  at the establishment being inspected, and wear and use
 appropriate  protective clothing and equipment when necessary.

          (6)   The conduct of inspections should be such as to preclude
 unreasonable disruption  of the operations of the establishment.

          (7)   At the conclusion of an inspection,  the inspector  shall
 confer with  the Officer-in-Charge of  the Reporting Unit or his or her
 representative and an appropriate representative of the employees  of the
 establishment, and  informally  advise  them of any unhealthful  or unsafe
 working conditions disclosed by the inspection.  During the conference,
 the Officer-in-Charge of the Reporting Unit and the employee representative
 should be afforded an opportunity to bring to the  attention  of the inspector
 pertinent information regarding conditions in the workplace which might
effect his or her recommendations.  (The closing conference is designed
to  provide a  description of deficiencies and a discussion of possible
corrective actions.)

          (8)   Inspectors shall  be in  charge of the inspections and the
questioning of persons.  A representative of  the Officer-in-Charge of
the Reporting Unit and a representative of the employees shall be given

                                  4-2

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  MANUAL                                  1440
                                                                       3/18/86

 an opportunity to accompany  the inspector during the physical inspection
 of any workplace, both to aid  the inspector  and to provide more detailed
 knowledge about the existing or potential unhealthful or unsafe working
 condition.   The members of an  establishment's  health and safety committee
 may act as  representatives for  the  purposes  of this paragraph, if the
 committee and the Of f icer-i n-Charge of  the Reporting Unit so agree.

          (9)  Inspectors  are authorized to deny the right of accompaniment
 to any person whose participation interferes with a fair and orderly
 inspection.

 4.  FORMAL  INSPECTIONS.  A formal  health and safety inspection is an in-
 depth  evaluation  of every  aspect  of program  operations and facilities,
 aimed  at assessing the effectiveness of the  local health and safety program,
 identifying  hazards and recommending corrective actions.  A formal health
 and safety  inspection shall  be  conducted at  each workplace,  including
 offices,  at  least once annually.  For workplaces where there is an increased
 risk of accident, injury,  or illness due to  the nature of the work being
 performed,  inspections should be  conducted more frequently,  as determined
 by the Director,  Occupational Health and Safety Staff.

 5.  FORMAL  EVALUATIONS.  The Occupational Health and Safety  Staff has
 developed a  program of laboratory and facility evaluations to determine
 the effectiveness of the  occupational health and safety programs and
 the quality  of the facilities.   These evaluations may be completed in
 conjunction  with  the annual  formal  inspections and will be conducted by
 the Occupational  Health and  Safety  Staff or  designee appointed by the
 Director, Occupational  Health and Safety Staff.

 6.   INFORMAL  INSPECTIONS.  An informal  inspection shall be performed on
 an  unscheduled, frequent  basis  by the Facility Safety Designee, Regional
 Health and Safety Designee,  Laboratory Health Officer,  Supervisory Manage-
 ment,  or  members  of a  health and safety committee.  EPA Form 1440-2,
 Health and Safety Inspection Checklist,  Figure 4-1,  may be utilized to
 note health  and safety deficiencies  identified during the inspection, or
 a  report  in  memo  form  may  be used to record discrepancies.  The affected
 supervisor should receive  copies of all  inspection reports.

 7.   WALK-THROUGH  INSPECTIONS.   A walk-through inspection is  similar to an
 informal  inspection  except that the only documentation  required is a list
 of  identified  deficiencies for  which corrective action is needed.  This
 recordkeeping  is  intended  only   for  internal  purposes  to identify items
which  appear  repeatedly.   For example,  if blocked fire exits were noted
 repeatedly during  walk-through   inspections,  then a more formal  approach
to  achieving  correction is indicated.

The walk-through  concept encourages a more  frequent  review of the
facility  and  operational  conditions without the need  for documentation
and formal reporting.

                                  4-3

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 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND  SAFETY MANUAL                                1440
                                                                     3/18/86

 8.   INSPECTION DOCUMENTATION.

      a.   Formal  Inspection.  The  results of a formal  inspection shall  be
 documented in a  comprehensive health and safety inspection  report.   This
 report  shall  be  transmitted  by the  inspector to the Of f i cer-i n-Charge  of
 the  Reporting Unit, who  will submit a copy to the Director,  Occupational
 Health  and Safety Staff.  Correction of unhealthful  or jnsafe working
 conditions identified by means of a formal  inspection  shall  be accomplished
 in accordance with paragraph 10 of  this Chapter.

      b.   Informal Inspection.  The  results of an  informal  inspection
 should  be documented either  by a  memorandum or a completed EPA Form 1440-2
 transmitted by the inspector or member of a health and  safety committee
 conducting the inspection to the Of f icer-i n-Charge.   The  indi vi dual(s)
 making the inspection should also make a report to the  Health  and Safety
 Com mi ttee.

      c.   Walk-through Inspection.   A log or file of identified deficiencies
 shall be  kept in sufficient detail to show the hazard  items  and  locations.


 9.   REPORTS OF UNHEALTHFUL OR UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS.

      a.   Reports by Employee or Employee Representative.   Any  employee  or
 representative of employees who believes that an unhealthful  or unsafe
 working condition exists in any workplace shall  report  the  condition,
 orally or in writing, to the supervisor within whose organizational
 jurisdiction the alleged unhealthful or unsafe working  condition exists.
 EPA  Form  1440-6, Figure  4-2, may be used to report an alleged unhealthful
 or unsafe working condition and to  provide written notification  to  the
 OHS  Designee.   The supervisor should respond immediately  to a report of
 an alleged unhealthful  or unsafe working condition,  notifying the OHS
 Designee  regardless of whether the  condition was  reported orally or in
 writing,  informing the employee or representative of  employees as to what
 action he or she is taking or intends to take.  If abatement of the
 alleged unhealthful  or unsafe condition is  beyond the  capability of the
 supervisor,  he or she should immediately contact  his  or her superior or
 the Officer-in-Charge of the Reporting Unit for resolution  of  the problem.
Any  such  report  should be reduced to writing,  should  set  forth with
reasonable particularity the grounds for the report,  and  should  be  signed
by the employee  or representative of employees.   In  case  of imminent
danger situations, employees should make reports  first  by  telephone and
then  in writing  as soon thereafter as practicable.

The Director,  Occupational  Health and Safety Staff,  shall  review the
 report.   He or she will assure response to such reports of hazardous
conditions and require inspections immediately or within  24 hours for
 imminent  dangers, three working days for potential serious conditions  and
20 working days  for other conditions.

                                  4-4

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                                 1440
                                                                     3/18/86

The employee or representative of  employees can  request an inspection
of the workplace where the condition is  alleged  to exist  by giving a
report of the alleged condition to the Director, Occupational Health and
Safety Staff.

     b.  Appeal to Agency Designated Occupational Health  and Safety Official.
If an employee or a representative of the  employee is not satisfied with
the review conducted, he or she may  directly  request  the  intervention of
the Agency Designated Occupational Health  and  Safety  Official and/or the
Assistant Secretary of Labor,  Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA).

     c.  Right of Anonymity.  All  employees have the  right to anonymity
when making these reports.  The Designated Occupational Health and Safety
Official or the Director, Occupational Health  and Safety  Staff, may find
it necessary to confer with the originator of  the report  if it is apparent
that further assistance is needed  to determine more accurately the location
or type of conditions noted.

     d.  Employee Rights.  No employee will be subjected  to  restraint,  inter-
ference, coercion, discrimination  or reprisal  for filing  a report of an
unsafe condition or for participation  in Agency  Occupational Safety and
Health Program activities.  (See Chapter 2, Appendix  2-A.)

     e.  Scope.  Inspections initiated pursuant  to this  paragraph are
not limited to matters referred to in  the  report of an alleged unhealthful
or unsafe working condition.  Before or-during any inspection of  a workplace,
any employee or representative of  employees may  notify the health and
safety inspector of any other unhealthful  or  unsafe working  condition
believed to exist in the workplace.

     f.  Determinations.

         (1)  If the Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff,
determines that there are no reasonable  grounds  to believe an unhealthful
or unsafe working condition exists,  or if  an  inspection  is nade  on the
basis of a report alleging such condition  but  no such condition  is determined
to exist, the employee or representative of  the employees who  filed  the
report shall be so notified in writing.  The  employee or  representative
of employees shall be given an opportunity for a final  review of  such
determination by the Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff, and
may appeal to the Agency Designated Occupational Health  and  Safety Official,
pursuant to paragraph 9.c. above.

         (2)  The Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff, may
also utilize an appropriate health and safety  committee  created  pursuant
to Chapter 5 of this Manual to determine whether an  unhealthful  or  unsafe
working condition exists, but should ensure that the  identify of  the  person
making the report will be protected.

                                  4-5

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  MANUAL                                  ]440
                                                                       3/18/86

      g.  Unresolved Reports.  Any  employee or representative of employees
 who files a report alleging an  unhealthful or unsafe working condition,
 and who is  dissatisfied with  the final  disposition by the Agency, may
 contact in  writing the Office of Federal Agency Safety Programs, U.S.
 Department  of Labor (with  a copy to  the Designated Occupational Health
 and Safety  Official*),  describing  in detail the processing of his or her
 report  and  setting forth his  or her  objections thereto.  The Agency shall
 notify  each such  person of his  or  her  right to contact OSHA upon final
 disposition of his or  her  report.  The  Office of Federal Agency Safety
 Programs  may request the Agency to submit the report of its investigation,
 and may arrange for an  inspection  of the alleged unhealthful  or unsafe
 working condition if necessary.  Files  on such reports will be maintained
 intact  for  five years  following the  end of the calendar year to which
 they relate,  by the Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff, so
 that the  Secretary of  Labor or an  authorized representative will have
 reasonable  access to them.

 10.  CORRECTION OF UNHEALTHFUL OR  UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS.

      a.   The Officers-in-Charge of the  Reporting Units are responsible
 for the correction of  unhealthful  and unsafe working conditions.

      b.   The Officer-in-Charge of  the Reporting Unit shall immediately
 submit  an abatement plan to the Director, Occupational Health and
 Safety  Staff,  if  in  his or  her judgment the abatement of an unhealthful
 or  unsafe working condition will not be possible within 30 working days.
 Such a  plan  must  contain an explanation of the circumstances  of the
 delay in  abatement,  a proposed timetable for the abatement, and a summary
 of  steps  being  taken in the interim  to  protect employees from the unsafe
 or  unhealthful  working  condition.  Any  changes in an abatement plan will
 require the  submission  of  a new plan in accordance with the provisions
 of  this paragraph.

     c.    The Officer-in-Charge of  the Reporting Unit shall keep the
 Health and Safety  Committee Chairperson of the establishment  or report-
 ing  unit  informed  as to action being taken to correct unhealthful  or unsafe
 working conditions.  The committee shall include  this information in the
 minutes of  regular  meetings.

     d.   The procedures to  determine that corrective action has been
taken should include reinspection.    If  upon reinspection,  it  appears
 that the  correction was not made,  or was not carried out in accordance
with an  abatement  plan submitted pursuant to  subparagraph  lOb,  the
Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff,  will  inform the Agency
Designated Occupational Health and Safety Official  of the  failure to
accomplish the  abatement plan.

     *  This copy  to the Designated Occupational  Health and Safety
        Official  is not mandatory.   The employee  may  file  a report with
                                   4-6

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                                1440
                                                                   3/18/86

        OSHA, following approved OSHA  procedures,  and  be  assured  of
        annonymity.  Information on these procedures  is  posted  in all
        EPA locations.

11.  IMMINENT DANGER.  Whenever and as soon as  it  is  concluded, on the
basis of an inspection, that a danger  exists  which  could  reasonably be
expected to cause death or serious  physical  harm,  the  Inspector shall
immediately inform the  affected employees and Officer-in-Charge of the
Reporting Unit of the danger.   The  Officer-in-Charge,  or  a  represent-
ative,  shall undertake  immediate abatement and  the  withdrawal of  employ-
ees who are not necessary for abatement of the  dangerous  condition.   In
the event that the Officer-in-Charge needs assistance  to  undertake full
abatement, the Director,  Occupational  Health  and Safety Staff,  shall
assist  in the abatement effort.
                                  4-7

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J/I8/86
1 HEALTH AND SAFETY INSPECTION CHECKLIST
INSPECTION CONDUCTED BY TITLE
DATE
NAME/NUMBER OF BUILDING INSPECTED ft/.e separate torn, for each building) REPORTING UNIT
PART 1. PHYSICAL CONDITIONS (Check each applicable item)
ITEM
1. HOUSEKEEPING AND S AN IT ATION
2. NON-HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE
3. HAZ ARDOUS MATER IALS STORAGE
4. MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT
8. AISLES AND WALKWAYS
6. LADDERS AND STAIRS
7. FLOORS. PLATFORMS AND RAILINGS
S. EGRESS
B. LIGHTING
10. VENTILATION
11. FLAMMABLE OR NOXIOUS DUST OR VAPORS
12. HAZARDOUS BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
13. FIRE DETECTION DEVICES
14. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
15. FIRE SUPP RESSIO'N (Including exlingul there)
16. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
17. MACHINE GUARDS AND SAFETY DEVICES
PART II. PROCEDURES AND INSTRUCTIONS
33. MATERIALS HANDLING
34. MOTOR VEHl'Ci. E OPERA Tl ON
33. BUILDING MAIN TENANCE
36. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
37. USE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND
EQUIPMENT
38. H AZ ARD MON ITORING EQUIPMENT
(carbon montxide, Radiation, etc.)
39. FACILITY SELF-PROTECTION PLAN
40. LABORATORY OPERATIONS
41. BOATING OPERATIONS
42. DIVING OPERATIONS
43. A VI ATION OPERATIONS
44. CRAFTS ANDSHOPSOPERATIONS


SAT

















UNSAT

















ITEM
18. ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
19. w A T ER (ffnti-syphon and cross-conn ectione)
20. ELECTRICAL (fuses, grounding, etc.)
21. COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS
22. STRUCTURAL CONDITION OF BUILDING
23. PARKING AREA
24. MOTOR VEHICLES
26. PORTABLE TOOLS
26. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT
27. HAZARDOUS WARNINGS SIGNS
28. EMISSION OF POLLU T ANTS fair, fluid, solids)
2S. OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE
30. MEDICAL SERVICES. INCLUDING FIRST AID
31. PROVISIONS FOR HANDICAPPED
32. OTHER


SAT

















UNSAT

















(Check cech applicable itern)

























45. FIELD OPERATIONS, OTHER
46. SAFETY COMMITTEE ACTIVITY
47. FEDERAL SAFETY COUNCIL PARTICIPATION
48. EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATION IN
SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM
49. JOB ORIENTATION
50. JOB TRAINING. INCLUDING SAFETY
AND HEALTH
51. SAFETY PROMOTIONAL AND
MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITIES
52. PERIODIC PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS
53. OTHER
























e EPA Form 1440-6 to document in detail each unhealthlul or unaale condition)
EPA Form 1440 -2 (R«». 5- 77) PREVIOUS EDITION MA ••• BE USED UNTIL SUPPLY is EXHAUSTED
rioure 4-1 •

-------
     OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
                                                                   1440
                                                                  3/18/86
   €EPA
                 UNfTED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                             WASHINGTON. DC 20460
EMPLOYEE REPORT OF  UNSAFE OR UNHEALTHFUL CONDITION
 I
   CO
                                                       FROM:
                                                       Telephone
   Brief Description of Unsafe or Unheetthfut Condition:
  Exact Location:
  Safety and Hearth Standard Violated (H known)
  Recommendation To Correct the Condition
 Signature
                                                                                     Date
 Response to Employee
   inature
I
                                                                                     Date
 EPA Form 144O-6 (Rev. 6-84) Previous edition is obsolete.
                                    Figure 4-2
                              Dittribuuon:
Ware
Qr»»rt
Gokbnrod
    u.s.
                                                                        Suptnitor
                                                                 „ . .Reply to fmptoyt*
                                                              £ny>/cj'*e Sutptntt Copy
                                                                    S*f»ty Dttigntt

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                                1440
                                                                    3/18/86

          CHAPTER 5 - OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEES

                            Table of Contents
PARAGRAPH                                                   PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                      NUMBERS

General	  1
Occupational Health and Safety Committee Organization  and
   Functions	  2
Types of Comnri ttees	  3
Committee Membership	  4
Responsibilities and Duties	  5
Occupational Health and Safety Committee Meeting	  6
Minutes of the Occupational Health  and Safety  Committee	7
Occupational Health and Safety Committee Policy and
   Procedures	  8

     APPENDIX 5-A  - Suggested Policy  and Procedures for the
                     Administrative Control  of an Executive
                     Occupational Health and Safety Committee

     APPENDIX 5-B  - Suggested Policy  and Procedures for the
                     Administrative Control of an Operational
                     Occupational Health and Safety Committee

     APPENDIX 5-C  - Suggested Policy  and Procedures for the
                     Administrative Control  of a Specicalized
                     Occupational Health and Safety Committee

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL                               1440
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          CHAPTER 5 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH  AND  SAFETY  COMMITTEES

1.  GENERAL.  Under Executive Order 12196, Section 1-301,  the EPA may,
if it chooses, establish OSHA certified  occupational  health  and safety
committees which meet the minimum requirements of  the Secretary of
Labor as described in 29 CFR 1960.36. The EPA declined  to establish
OSHA certified committees choosing rather  to retain its  existing
committee structure.  This declination was based upon EPA's  feeling  that
its existing committee structure adequately provides  for effective
representation of all Agency employees and in  no way  diminishes the
Agency's goal of providing its employees with  places  and conditions  of
employment free from recognized hazards  which  are  likely to  cause death
or serious harm.  Therefore, reorganization of existing  Agency  occupa-
tional health and safety committees is not required.

EPA requires that an Occupational Health and Safety Committee  be  established
at each Agency Reporting Unit and Establishment that  effectively  represents
all employees.  Each EPA Reporting Unit  and Establishment may  individually
determine (through negotiation with the  exclusive  bargaining representative,
if appropriate) the type and composition of its ocupational  health  and
safety committee(s) consitent with its size and mission  and  the requirements
of this Chapter.

2.   OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE  ORGANIZATION AND  FUNCTIONS.
The occupational health and safety committee is the medium for  achiev-
ing the participation of employees in the  Agency's occupational  health
and safety programs.  A well-organized,  balanced health  and  safety
committee will have the diversified knowledge  of  all  job operations  and
activities at its location.  Committees  should be  advisory not  policy-
making groups.  Committees should ascertain the facts and make  recommen-
dations so management can make intelligent policy  decisions  in  the  area
of health and safety matters affecting employees.   Agency health  and
safety committees shall be:

    a.  Effectively supported by management;

    b.  Given specific tasks to accomplish not general topics  for
consideration;

    c.  Include personnel from the program areas  which committee  decisions
will  affect;

    d.  Provide effective representation of all employees; and

    e.  Include a cross-section of experts who have intimate knowledge
of pertinent work conditions and practices.

The occupational health and safety committees  shall be kept  as  small as
possible consistent with these requirements.


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 3.  TYPES OF COMMITTEES.  The requirements  for  an occupational health
 and safety committee at each Agency Reporting Unit  and Establishment
 shall  be fulfilled by establishing an operational committee alone or in
 combination with one or both of the types  of  committees  listed below,
 depending on the need.

     a.  Executive Committee.  An  executive  occupational  health and safety
 committee includes key  managers of the Reporting Unit or Establishment
 who have maximum knowledge of policy and procedures.  The Officer-in-Charge
 of the Reporting Unit or Establishment or a principal deputy should  be a
 member.

     b.  Operational  Committee.  An operational  occupational health and
 safety committee consists  of personnel  from the programs or offices
 which  the committee's recommendations will  affect.  Members of this
 committee should have access to the Executive Committee, if appropriate.
 This can be accomplished by  appointing the  chairperson of the operational
 committee as  a  member of the executive committee.

     c.  Specialized  Committee.  This committee  consists of personnel
 from a program  or programs that are  involved in particularly hazardous
 operations that require emphasis  on health  and  safety practices peculiar
 to  that  operation.

 4.   COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP.

     a.   Membership of occupational  health and safety committees shall
 be  determined individually by the  Officer-in-Charge of each Reporting
 Unit and Establishment,  through negotiation with the exclusive bar-
 gaining  representative,  if appropriate.

 EPA  requires  that operational occupational  health and safety committees
 shall  be  managed  in such a way as  to  assure effective representation of
 all  employees.   However, an  equal  membership of management and non-manage-
 ment employees  is  not mandatory.   There are several  ways  to select and
 appoint  occupational  health  and safety  committee members.

         (1)  The  Officer-in-Charge may select  and appoint in writing
the  committee members from a  list  of  nominees developed by the Occcupa-
tional  Health and Safety Designee at the Reporting Unit or Establishment.
 (The Occupational Health and Safety Designee should develop the list of
names from suggestions received from program supervisors  and,  if  appropriate,
the  exclusive bargaining representative.)

         (2)  An election may be held and members elected  from designated
program areas or  functions and officially  appointed in writing by the
Officer-in-Charge.
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         (3)  A combination  of 1  and 2 above is possible with official
 designation being made in writing  by the Officer-in-Charge.

         (4)  Members may be appointed by the Officer-in-Charge from
 among employees who volunteer to serve on the occupational health and
 safety committee.

     b.  Occupational health and safety committee members shall serve
 overlapping terms.   These terms  may be of one, one and one-half, or
 two years  duration  depending on the requirements of the Reporting
 Unit or Establishment.

     c.  The committee chairperson  should be nominated from among the
 committee's membership  and  elected by the committee members.

     d.  The Occupational  Health  and Safety Designee should attend committee
 meetings as technical  advisor but should not be an official member of
 the occupational  health and safety committee and should not chair the
 committee.   The role of the Occupational Health and Safety Designee is
 to assist  the committee in  developing and implementing ideas and to
 effectively utilize  the committee members' experience, knowledge, and
 talents in  the health and safety program at the Reporting Unit or
 Establishment.

 (NOTE:  OHSS strongly  recommends that the occupational health and safety
 committee chairperson be  nominated and elected by the committee members.
 If  management appoints  a  management representative as chairperson, it
 negates  the intent of providing employees an opportunity to fully
 participate in the Agency's  Occupational Health and Safety Programs.
 The  Occupational Health and  Safety Designee is also a representative of
 management.   If  the  Designee serves as committee chairperson, any
 recommendations made  by the  committee  and signed by the Designee as
 chairperson carries  no  more  weight or significance than if the Designee
 had  made the  recommendation.  The Designee serving as chairperson loses
 at  least 50 percent  of  the  effectiveness of the committee members'
 expertise in managing the occupational  halth  and safety programs at the
 Reporting Unit  or Establishment.)

 5.  RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES.

     a.  Agency Responsibilities.  The  EPA shall  make available to occupa-
tional health and safety committees all  information relevant and necessary
to effectively  perform  their duties.   The information shall include but
is not be 1imi ted to:

         (1)  The Agency's occupational  health and safety policies and
programs;
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         (2)   The human and financial resources available  to  implement
 the program;

         (3)   Material Safety Data Sheets; and

         (4)   Data on accidents, injuries, illnesses,  epidemiologica'l,
 and employee  exposure monitoring; and

         (5)   Reports on inspection, reprisal investigations,  abatement
 plans, NIOSH  hazard evaluations, and internal  and external occupational
 health and safety program evaluations.

 The Agency shall provide all occupational health  and  safety  committee
 members  appropriate training as required in Chapter 7 of  this Manual.

    b.  Occupational Health and Safety Committee  Duties.   The occupational
 health and safety committees are an integral part of  the  Agency's effort
 to insure the effective implementation of its  occupational health and
 safety   programs at all its Reporting Units and Establishments.   Duties
 of the committees should include some or all of the following:

         (1)   Assist the Occupational Health and Safety Designee at the
 Reporting Unit or Establishment under its jurisdiction and make  recommen-
 dations to the Officer-in-Charge on the operation of  the  program;

         (2)   Monitor findings and reports of inspections  to  confirm
 that appropriate corrective measures are implemented;

         (3)   Participate in inspections when requested by the Officer-
 in-Charge or when the committee deems it necessary to effectively monitor
 the Agency's  inspection procedures;

         (4)   Review internal and external evaluation  reports of the
 occupational health and safety program at the Reporting Unit  or Establish-
 ment and make recommendations for changes or improvement  in  the program;

         (5)  Review and recommend changes, as  appropriate, to procedures
 for handling  health and safety suggestions and recommendations of .the
 committee and from employees;

         (6)  Review and comment on standards proposed by  the Agency,
 Reporting Unit, or Establishment;

        (7)  Monitor and recommend changes, as required,  in  the level  of
 resources allocated and spent on the health and safety program at the
Reporting Unit or Establishment;

        (8)  Review responses to reports of hazardous conditions, safety
and health program deficiencies, and allegations  of reprisal;


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        (9)  Recommend changes  or  additions  to  improve  protective
clothing and equipment used by  employees  at  the Reporting  Unit  or
Establishment;  and

       (10)  Promote health and safety  training for  members  of  the
committee and other employees.

6.  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING.   Each  occupational
health and safety committee shall  establish  a regular  schedule  of meet-
ings.  Special  meetings shall  be called when critical  health and safety
problems arise.

    a.  Frequency of Meeting^.

        (1)  Executive Committee - An  executive occupational  health  and
safety committee shall meet quarterly  but  not less than  semi-annually,
and at other times as necessary to assist  the Of ficer-i n-Charge with the
resolution of a health and safety  management or policy  recommendation
i ssue.

        (2)  Operational Committee - An operational  occupational health
and safety committee shall meet monthly but  not less than  quarterly.
Special meetings may be called  by  any  member, the Of ficer-i n-Charge,
or the Occupatinal Health and Safety Designee when critical  health
and safety problems arise.

        (3)  Specialized Committee - A  specialized  occupational health
and safety committee should meet at least  quarterly, and at  other times
as necessary to assist the program managers  in carrying out  their health
and safety responsibilities.

    b.  Preparation and Procedures for  Meetings.  To  assure  the maximum
utilization of  committee members'  time  and effort, sustain their interest
and commitment, minimize the time  necessary  to monitor the business  of
the committee,  clarify the content and  objectives of each  business item,
and follow through on projects  to assure  completion  without  undue delay,
the following procedures are recommended:

        (1)  The Occupational Health  and  Safety Designee shall:

             (a)  Prepare an agenda for the  approval of the  committee
chairperson no later than five  working days  prior to the scheduled  meeting;

             (b)  Prepare a notice of  the  meeting and  deliver to each
member along with a copy of the minutes of the last  meeting  and the
agenda for the  next meeting;
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              (c)  Develop a brief description or explanation of each
proposed  business item prior to the meeting, including the objective
of the item;

              (d)  Assign a title and a control number for all items
accepted  as health and safety committee business; and

              (e)  Establish a log and enter each accepted health and
safety business item, showing the target date for completion and in-
terim dates for accomplishment of intermediate steps, if appropriate.

        (2)  The Chairperson of the Committee shall:

              (a)  Establish a good meeting program;

                   1_   Call the meeting to order;

                   2_   Call for approval or revision of the minutes of
the previous meeting;

                   _3   Request the members to sign the attendance sheet;

                   4_   Call for reports on assignments;

                   5_   Request suggestions and discussion of work that'
needs to be done (members should be encouraged to come forward with ideas
and suggestions);

                   6_   Formally accept or reject all  items as health
and safety committee business;

                   1_   Assign responsibility for each item to a specific
member or members  of the committee;  and

                   _8   Limit the meeting of the committee to one hour.

7.  MINUTES OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE.   The Occupa-
tional Health and Safety Designee should assure that pertinent points  of
the meeting are documented.  The minutes of the meeting  shall  be prepared
in memorandum form,  approved,  and signed by the Committee Chai rperson.
The minutes should contain:

    a.  A clear identification of the organizational  unit;

    b.  The name and title of each member present;  and

    c.  The substance of discussions of health and safety items, including
any specific remedial  actions recommended.
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A copy of the minutes of each meeting  of  the  occupational  health  and
safety committees shall be forwarded to the Di rector,  Occupational  Health
and Safety Staff, (PM-273),  Washington,  D.C.  20460,  within 20 working
days following the meeting.   A copy  of the minutes  shall  be furnished  to
each committee member and the Officer-in-Charge.  The  minutes shall  be
made available to any employee upon  request.

8.  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND  SAFETY COMMITTEE  POLICY  AND  PROCEDURES.  The
Occupational Health and Safety Designee,  with the assistance of the com-
mittee, should develop a written  policy  and procedures for the adminis-
trative control of committee activities.   See Appendix 5-A,5-B, and 5-C
as examples.  These procedures should  include:

    a.  The scope and purpose of  the committee's  activities;

    b.  The extent of its authority;

    c.  Frequency of meetings;

    d.  The date, time and place  of  meetings;

    e.  The order of business;

    f.  Records to be kept;  and

    g.  Attendance requirements.
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            APPENDIX 5-A - SUGGESTED POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR
                THE ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL OF AN EXECUTIVE
                "OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE

Name and Objective

The name of this Committee is  (Reporting Unit or Establishment), Executive
Occupational Health and Safety Committee.

The objectives of the Committee are  to  recommend approval  of  proposed
health and safety program policy,  procedures, guidelines,  and training
programs to the Of ficer-i n-Charge.

The principle means for accomplishing these  objectives  shall  be to  hold
meetings to review proposed program  policy,  procedures,  guidelines, and
training programs and recommend to the  Of ficer-i n-Charge the  adoption,
implementation, or revision of the proposals.

Membership

The Executive Occupational Health  and Safety Committee  shall  consist  of
members from the following areas,  appointed  by the  Officer-in-Charge  for
a period of (one, one and one-half or two years.)

     o  The deputy of the Officer-in-Charge;

     o  The program director delegated  the  health  and safety  program
responsibility;

     o  Program directors or their deputies  (especially  from  areas  with
serious health and safety factors);

     o  The chairperson of the Operational  Occupational  Health  and  Safety
Committee;

     o  Employee representative(s);  and

     o  The Occupational Health and  Safety  Designee (non-voting).

Members of the committee should select  and  elect  from the membership,  a
Chairperson and (other officers necessary for conducting committee  business)
at their first meeting each Calendar Year.   (Three, fours, five,  six~
etc, (a majority of the members of the  committee,  i.e.,  a committee of 5  -
3 is a majority; a committee of 6  -  4;  a  committee of 7 - 4;  a  committee
of 8 - 5;  a committee of 9 - 5; etc.))  of the members present shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of  business.
                                  5-A-l

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
 Record of Meetings

 After each meeting of the committee,  the minutes  shall be prepared in
 memorandum form, containing:

      o  A clear identification of the organizational unit;

      o  The name and  title of each member  present; and

      o  The substance of discussions  of  health  and safety recommendations
 including any  specific  actions  recommended.

 A copy of the  minutes of each meeting of the Executive Occupational Health
 and  Safety Committee  shall  be forwarded to the Director,  Occupational
 Health and Safety  Staff,  (PM-273),  Washington, D.C. 20460, by the
 Occupational Health and Safety  Designee within 20 working days following
 the  meeting.   A copy  of the minutes of each meeting shall be forwarded to
 the  Officer-in-Charge and  each  Committee member.  Copies  of the minutes
 will  be made available  to  employees upon request.

 Vacancy

 Should a vacancy occur  on  the committee through resignation, transfer of
 responsibilities to a different program, office or location, or other
 cause,  the Officer-in-Charge  shall  appoint another employee to fill the
 vacancy.   A vacancy of  an  officer of the committee should be filled by a
 majority vote  of the  quorum of  committee members present.

 Meetings

 The  (Reporting Unit,  Establishment  name), Executive Occupational Health
 and Safety  Committee  shall meet at  least quarterly, (specific day and
 time), and  at  other times  necessary to assist the Officer-in-Charge with
 resolution  of management or policy  recommendation issues.

 Duties and  Responsibilities

 Chairperson - The chairperson shall:

     o   Direct the activities of the committee in accordance with
established procedures, providing leadership  and coordination of all
committee activities.

     o  Be  empowered to appoint special sub-committees  as they become
necessary on the recommendation of committee  members.

     o  Furnish each member of the  committee  with a list  of  their
responsibilities and duties.
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     o  Keep the Officer-in-Charge  advised  of  progress  or  lack  of  progress
in the management of the occupational  health  and  safety program.

Other officers elected by the committee  shall:

Assist the chairperson of the committee  in  directing the activities  of
the committee, and in the absence of the chairperson fulfill  his/her
responsibilities and duites.

General Duties
The (Reporting Unit, Establishment name),  Executive Occupational  Health
and Safety Committee shall:

     o  Provide the Officer-in-Charge to whom they  report,  with:

        .  A continuing appraisal  of the health  and safety  program efforts;

        .  Recommendations on the developments and  coordination of the
occupational health and safety programs; and

        .  Recommendations of health and safety  policy.
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          APPENDIX 5-B - SUGGESTED POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR THE
          ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL OF AN  OPERATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL
                       HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE

Name and Objective

The name of this committee is (name of  Report1nff Unit or Establishment),
Operational Occupational Health arid Safety  Commit'tee. "

The objectives of the committee are to  advise and  assist (name of Reporting
Unit or Establishment) management officials  with respect to their responsi-
bilities under the Agency's Occupational Health  and Safety  programs.

The principle means for accomplishing these  objectives  shall be to hold
meetings to:

     o  Discuss accident/illness incidents;

     o  Review reports of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions;

     o  Seek solutions to these problems; and

     o  Upon request, participate in inspections.

Membership

The Operational Occupational Health and Safety Committee shall  be  managed
to assure the effective representation  of all employees.  The Committee
shall consist of a representative from  each of the following  areas,
elected or appointed, for a period of (one,  oneand one-half or two years).

     o  Officer-in-Charge and Staff Offices

     o  Management or Administrative Division

     o  Employee representative(s)

     o  Program Offices (one representative from each area)

     o  Representative(s) from any other interested  or  affected employees
housed in the same building.

Members of the Operational Occupational Health and Safety  Committee  should
nominate and elect from the committee membership a chairperson  and  (other
officers necessary for effective committee  business)  at their first
meeting each calendar year.  (Th'reer four,  five, etc.)  (a  majority of
committee members would be a committee  of 5 - 3;  6 -  4; 7  - 4;  8 - 5;
9-5; etc.) of the members present shall constitute  a  quorum  for  the
transaction of business.
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 Record of Meetings

 After each meeting of the committee, the minutes  should  be  prepared  in
 memorandum for, containing:

      o  A clear identification of the organizational  unit;

      o  The name and title of each member present;  and

      o  The substance of discussions of health and  safety problems,
 including any specific remedial  actions recommended.

 A copy of the minutes of each meeting of the Operational Occupational
 Health and Safety  Committee  shall  be forwarded to the Director, Occupational
 Health and Safety  Staff,  (PM-273), Washington, DC 20460, by the Occupational
 Health and Safety  Designee within  20 working days following the meeting.
 A copy of the minutes of each meeting shall  be furnished to the Officer-
 in-Charge and to each  committee  member.   The minutes shall be made
 available to any employee  upon request.

 Vacancy

 Should a  vacancy occur on  the committee through resignation, transfer of
 responsibilities to  a  different  program or office, or other cause, the
 vacancy  shall  be filled  by holding an election or appointing a new repre-
 sentative  from the same  program  area  represented by the vacancy.  A
 vacancy of an  officer  of the committee shall be filled by a majority vote
 of the quorum  of committee members  present.

 The  committee  may, by  a  two-thirds  vote  of a quorum of members present,
 declare any elective or appointive office vacant subject to  the approval
 of the Officer-in-Charge,  on the failure  of  its incumbent, from inability
 or otherwise,  to attend committee  meetings, or to perform the duties of
 the  office.

 Meetings

 The  (name  of Reporting Unit  or Establishment), Operational Occupational
 Health and Safety Committee,  shall  meet at least  monthly, (specific day
 and time), and at other times  necessary to assist (name of Reporting Unit
 or Establishment) management  officials with the resolution of reports of
 unsafe or  unhealthful working  conditions or imminent danger  situations.

Duties and Responsibilities

Chairperson - The chairperson  shall:

     o  Direct the activities  of the  committee in accordance with established
procedures, providing leadership and coordination  of all  activities;


                                  5-B-2

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     o  Be empowered to appoint sub-committees  as they  become  necessary
on recommendations of committee members;

     o  Furnish each committee  member  with  a  list of  their  responsibilities
and duties.

     o  Acknowledge reports of  unsafe  or  unhealthful  working conditions
from employees and others,  and  keep  them  informed of  progress  or  lack of
progress in the resolution of the matter.

Other officers elected by the committee shall assist  the  chairperson  of
the committee in directing the activities of  the committee,  and in the
absence of the chairperson  fulfill his/her  responsibilities  and duties.

General Duties

The (name of Reporting Unit or  Establishment),  Operational  Occupational
Health and Safety Committee, shall:

     o  Participate in inspections when  requested  by  the  Of ficer-i n-Charge
or when the committee deems it  necessary  to effectively monitor the
Agency's inspection procedures;

     o  Monitor findings and reports of  inspections  to  confirm that
appropriate corrective measures are  implemented;

     o  Review and comment on standards  proposed, by  the Agency, Reporting
Unit or Establishment;

     o  Review internal and external evaluation reports of  the occupational
health and safety program and make recommendations for  changes or
improvements in the program;

     o  Monitor and recommend changes, as required,  in  the  level  of
resources allocated and spent on the health and safety  program;

     o  Review responses to reports  of hazardous conditions, safety and
health program deficiencies, and allegations  of reprisal;

     o  Review and recommend changes or  additions  to improve protective
clothing and equipment used by  employees;  and

     o  Promote health and safety training for  committee  members and
other employees.
                                  5-B-3

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             APPENDIX 5-C - SUGGESTED POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR
                THE ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL OF A SPECIALIZED
                  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE

 Name and Objective

 The title of this committee is (name of Reporting Unit  or  Establishment),
 (Toxic Substances, Radiation, Pesticides, etc.),  Occupational  Health  and
 Safety Committee.

 The objectives of the committee are to promote safety  and  health  awareness
 connected with the special hazards, disseminate information  on methods of
 control, and stimulate discussions of common problems  and  seek solutions.

 Membership

 The (name of committee) shall be managed to assure effective representation
 of affected employees.  The committee shall  consist  of  representatives
 from each program area with like special hazards,  a  supervisor or
 supervisors and employee representative, if  appropriate.   Members of  the
 committee should elect from their membership a Chairperson and (other
 officials necessary) at their first meeting  each  Calendar  Year.   A  majority
 of the members present shall constitute a quorum  for transaction  of
 business.

 Record of Meetings

 After each meeting of the committee,  the minutes  shall  be  prepared  in
 memorandum form,  containing:

      o  A clear identification of the organizational unit;

      o  The  name  and title of each member present; and

      o  The  substance of discussions  of health and safety  items.

•A  copy of the  minutes of the meeting  shall be  forwarded to the Director,
 Occupational  Health  and Safety Staff  (PM-273),  by  the Occupational  Health
 and Safety Designee  within 20 working days following the meeting.   A  copy
 of the minutes of each meeting shall  be forwarded  to the Officer-in-Charge,
 each member  of the committee and  the  chairperson of  other  occupational
 health and safety committees.   Copies of the minutes shall  be  made
 available to  employees upon  request.

 Vacancy

 Should a  vacancy  occur on the committee for  any cause,  the vacancy  shall
 be  filled  by either  appointment or election.   A vacancy of an  officer of
 the committee  shall  be filled  by  a majority  vote  of  the quorum of committee
 members present.


                                   5-C-l

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Meetings

The (name of committee), Specialized Occupational  Health  and Safety
Committee shall meet (monthly, semi-monthly,  quarterly, etc.),  (specific
day and time), and at other times necessary to assist  program managers  in
carrying out their health and safety responsibilities.

Duties

The committee shall:

     o  Review and advise management on the development for standard
operating procedures.

     o  Review and recommend specialized personal  protective equipment
and clothing for the unique hazards  of the work.

     o  Recommend and promote training for committee members and  other
employees for the unique hazards of  the work.
                                  5-C-2

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL


           CHAPTER 6 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY  STANDARDS

                            Table of Contents
PARAGRAPH                                                 PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                   NUMBERS__

General	  .    1
Background	    2
Definitions	    3
Alternate Standards	    4
Other Federal Agency Standards	    5
Standards Application	    6
       APPENDIX A - CURRENT OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS
       APPENDIX B - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF  AN OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH
                      AND SAFETY STANDARD

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           CHAPTER 6 - OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH  AND  SAF-m  SIP NLA? DS
1.  GENERAL.  Executive Order 12196 and 29  CFR  1960.16  rennrf-s  the
Agency to comply with all occupational  health and  safety  ^tuixci'cis issued
under Section 6 of the Occupational Safety  and  Health Act cr,  '»9;0, or
with alternate standards issued by the  Agency after  consultation  with
employees or their representatives and  approved by the  Secretary  of
Labor.  The Agency may prescribe and enforce more  stringent,  standards
than the Section 6 standards if required to protect  the health  and safety
of its employees.

2.  BACKGROUND.  The overall authority  for  the  promulgation  of  occupational
health and safety standards issued under the Occupational Health  and
Safety Act rests with the Secretary of  Labor  as defined in Section 6.
Section 19 of the Act requires that the EPA adopt  and comply with health
and safety standards consistent with those  promulgated  by the Secretary
of Labor.  The EPA Administrator has adopted the occupational health and
safety standards contained in 29 CFR 1910 as  initial Agency  standards.
(Appendix 6-A is a listing of all  current OSHAS EPA and other Federal
health and safety standards and guidelines.)

3.  DEFINITIONS.

    a.  Standard i s an occupational safety  ana  heal  :h s:\fv.i-A.-d  which
requires conditions, or the adoption or use of  one or more practices,
means, methods, operations, or processes, reasonably necessary  or appro-
priate to provide safe and/or healthful employment and  place of" employment.

   b.  Affected employees means employees who would be affoctod by  the
grant or denial of a variance, limitation,  variation, tolerance, or
exemption, or anyone of their authorized representatives, suc-n  as their
collective bargaining agent.

   c.  Alternate standard is a standard adoptuu or  lec.j^.o;  '•.,• applica-
tion
to working conditions of Agency employees because no OSHA standard exists
that will provide adequate protection fer their health  and sa~ety.

   d.  Emergency standard is a standard proton  gated WUM  i .  1 •; . iutermined
a condition exists that exposes workers to  grave danger  "rom toxic  agents,
or physical harm, or from new hazards  requiring immediate regulatory
control.

4.  ALTERNATE STANDARDS.  The Admi nistrator may develop  in-i  d,,,,;y alternate
standards if OSHA standards or if other standards do not  provide a suffi-
cient level of protection necessary to assure  the health  and safety  of
Agency employees.  The EPA Occupational Health  and  Safety Staff shall:

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
                                                                   3/18/86

     a.  Provide an opportunity for  written comment by all affected or
 interested Agency employees.

     b.  Provide for an opportunity  for written comment by affected employees
 of one or more Federal  Agencies  located in the same facility.

     c.  Keep appropriate exclusive  bargaining representatives informed
 of the proposed development of alternate standards.

     d.  Notify the Secretary  of  Labor regarding the development of an
 alternate standard and  request approval  of the Secretary.  The request
 for approval  shall contain:

         (1)  A statement of why the  Agency wants to adopt an alternate
 standard;

         (2)  A description of  the alternate standard;

         (3)  An  explanation of  how the alternate standard provides equiva-
 lent  or greater protection for affected Agency employees;

         (4)  A description of the interim protective measures that will
 be provided Agency  employees  until  a decision is received from the Secretary
 of Labor; and

         (5) A summary of the written comments, if any, from interested
 employees, employee representatives and  others.

 Alternate standards should be  based on research,  demonstrations,  and
 other  factors which includes the latest  scientific  data,  feasibility and
 experience with  the Occupational Safety  and Health  Act and other laws.
 General requirements for an occupational  health  and safety standard are
 i n Appendi x 6-B.

Any interested Agency employee may  file  a written request for the promul-
 gation, modification, or revocation of an  occupational  health and safety
 standard with the Director,  Occupational  Health  and Safety Staff, (PM-273),
401 M Street, SW, Washington,  D. C. 20460.   The  request  should include
 or he accompanied  by the proposed standard desired  and a statement of
the reasons and intended effect.

 5.  OTHER FEDERAL AGENCY STANDARDS. In addition  to  the OSHA and EPA
standards there are standards  affecting  occupational  health  and safety
 issued by other Federal Agencies, for example,

    a.  Federal Aviation Administration

    b.  U.S.  Department of Energy
                                   6-2

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     c.  General Services Administration

     d.  U.S. Department of Labor,  Mine Safety  and Health Administration

     e.  U.S. Department of Transportation

 Where EPA employees and employees  of other Federal agencies engage in
 joint operations and/or primarily  report to work or carry out operations
 in the same facility or work  activity, any alternate standards adopted
 by the host Agency which are  more  protective shall govern.

 If the standards of other Federal  Agencies conflict with OSHA standards,
 joint efforts  between  the Agencies involved and the Secretary of Labor
 shall be undertaken to resolve  the conflicts.  Until conflicts are resolved,
 EPA employees  shall  comply with the more protective of the standards.

 6.  STANDARDS  APPLICATION. The  effective use of occupational health and
 safety standards is  directly  related to the understanding of the meaning,
 intent,  and application of the  standard.  Factors necessary for the
 effective use  of standards are:

     a.   Accessibility  of all  standards;

     b.   An  understanding of the scope,  intent, and meaning of the require-
 ments of the standard;

     c.   Correct application of  the requirements of the standard to the
 work  situation;  and

     d.   Enforcement  of  standards in all areas of application with a
 uniform  interpretation  of  their intent.

 The Headquarters Occupational Health and Safety Staff shall take the
 following steps  to provide all employees who use occupational  health  and
 safety  standards with  a clear understanding of their intent and application.

    a.   Develop  and  distribute to all  users an interpretation and clarifi-
 cation  of the  intent and application of any standard which may be misunder-
 stood.

    b.   Distribute directives that explain policy matters and background
 information dealing  with particular standards.

    c.   Develop  a  comprehensive collection of standards and distribute
them to all field users with an explanation of how to find and apply  the
 various  sections.

    d.   Present  classes,  seminars,  and  briefing sessions to Headquarters
and Field Units on the substance,  intent,  and application of the standards.
                                   6-3

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    e.  Develop, distribute and brief Headquarters  and  Field  Units  on
guidelines for implementing the standards.

    f.  Encourage field offices to communicate  with the Headquarters
Occupational Health and Safety Staff on standards  or  the development  of
standards.  This communication will  enable  the  Occupational Health  and
Safety Staff to understand any problems that  may  evolve during  the
application of a standard.

    g.  Advise all Field Units and offices  that standards  will  be enforced
in all areas of application with a uniform  interpretation  of  their  intent.
                                   6-4

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     APPENDIX 6-A - CURRENT OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS

The  following list of laws, standards  and issuances that  impact  occupa-
tional health and safety includes those most  generally used to implement
an effective program.  Other references,  guidelines and textbooks  are
available and should be used as necessary.

Laws and Executive Orders

PL 91-596       Occupational Safety and Health Act  of  1970
EO 12196        Occupational Safety and Health Programs for Federal
                  Employees

Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards and Regulations

29 CFR 1910     General Industry Standards
29 CFR 1926     Construction Standards
29 CFR 1960     Basic Program Elements for  Federal  Employee Occupational
                  Safety and Health Programs

Environmental Protection Agency Directives
1440
1440.2

1440.3
1440.4

1440.5

1440.6
Occupational Health and Safety Manual
Order - Health and Safety Requirements for Employees
Engaged in Field Activities
Order - Respiratory Protection
Order - Health and Safety Training Requirements for Mine
Safety
Order - Qualifications and Training Requirements for
Occupational Health and Safety Program Personnel
Order - Occupant Restraint Systems
EPA Guidelines

     Respiratory Protection Program Management
     Chemical Protective Clothing
     Eye Protection Program

Other Agency Directives that Impact Occupational  Health and  Safety

1000.9          Order - Policy on Smoking in EPA-Occupied Buildings
1000.18         Order - Transportation of Hazardous Materials
3100.1          Order - Uniforms, Protective Clothing  and Protective
                        Equipment
3100.3          Order - Authorization of Performance of Hazardous Duty
3120.1          Order - Conduct and Discipline
3140            Training and Development Manual
3180.1          Order - Federal Employees Compensation Program
                                  6-A-l

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH  AND  SAFETY MANUAL

 CURRENT  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS (CONT.)
                           1440
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 Other Federal  Agency Standards and Regulations that  Impact  Occupational
 Health and  Safety
 U.S.  Department  of Transportation - Transportation of  Hazardous
   Materials,  49  CFR 100-177

 U.S.  Department  of Energy -  10 CFR 0-199

 U.S.  Department  of Labor, Mine Safety and Health  Administration,
   30  CFR 48

 Consensus Standards Organizations

 OSHA  used standards developed by these organizations as  a  source  for
 their standards.  Complete copies of the standards  developed by these
 organizations and referenced in the OSHA standards  may be  obtained from
 the organizations listed.  OSHA standards are  not  necessarily based on
 the latest revision of a standard.   Copies of  the latest revision of
 standards and also handbooks on the standards  may  be obtained from the
 organizations listed.
Consensus Standards Organization

American Conference of Governmental
  Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
1014 Broadway
Cincinnati,  Ohio  45202

American National  Standards Institute
  (ANSI)
1430 Broadway
New York, N. Y.   10018
OSHA Standards

Subpart G - Occupational  Health
  and Environmental  Control
Subpart I - Toxic and Hazardous
  Substances

Subpart D - Walking-Working Surfaces
Subpart F - Powered  Platforms,  Man-
  lifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work
  Platforms
Subpart G - Occupational  Health and
  Environmental  Controls
Subpart H - Hazardous Materials
Subpart I - Personal  Protective
  Equipment
Subpart J - General  Environmental
  Controls
Subpart M - Compressed Gas and
  Compressed Air Equipment
Subpart N - Materials Handling  and
  Storage
Subpart 0 - Machinery and Machine
  Guarding
Subpart P - Hand and Portable Powered
  Tools and Other Hand-Held Equipment
                                        Subpart Q -
                                          Brazi ng
            Welding,  Cutting,  and
                                6-A-2

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL

 CURRENT OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

 Consensus Standards Organization

 American National  Standards Institute
   (ANSI) (Cont.)
 American Petroleum Institute
 1801 K Street,  NW
 Washington,  DC   20006

 America!  Society of Agricultural
   Engineers
 2950 Niles Road
 P.  0.  Box 229
 St.  Joseph,  MI   49085

 American Society and Heating,
   Refrigeration,  and Air Conditioning
   Engineers, Inc.  (ASHRAE)
 345  East  47th Street
 New  York, NY  10017

 American Society  of Mechanical
  Engineers, Inc.
 United Engineering  Center
 345  East  47th Street
 New  York, NY  10018

 Compressed Gas  Assn., Inc.
 500  Fifth Ave.
 New  York, NY  10036
Crane Manufacturers Assn.
  of America, Inc.
1 Thomas Circle, NW
Washington, DC  20005

Factory Mutual Engi neering Corp.
P. 0. Box 688
Norwood, MA  02062

Fertilizer Institute
1015 18th Street, NW
Washington, DC  20046
STANDARDS (CONT.)

  OSHA Standards
                             1440
                            3/18/86
  Subpart R - Special  Industries
  Subpart Z - Toxic and  Hazardous
    Substances

  Subpart H - Hazardous  Materials
  Subpart Q - Welding, Cutting, and
    Brazing

  Subpart J - General Environmental
    Controls
  Subpart  N  - Materials Handling and
    Storage
  Subpart H  - Hazardous Materials
  Subpart 0  - Machinery and Machinery
    Guarding
  Subpart R  - Special Industries
  Subpart H - Hazardous Materials
  Subpart M - Compressed Gas and
    Compressed Air Equipment
  Subpart Q - Welding, Cutting,
    and Brazing

  Subpart N - Materials Handling and
    Storage
 Subpart D - Walking-Working Surfaces
 Subpart H - Hazardous Materials
                                 6-A-3

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 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL

 CURRENT OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS  (CONT.)

                                         OSHA  Standards
                                                                  1440
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Consensus Standards Organization

Institute of Markers of Explosives
420 Lexi ngton Ave.
New York, NY  10017

National Association of Plumbing
  and Mechanical Officials
5032 Alhambra Ave.
Los Angeles, CA  90032

National Board of Boiler and
  Pressure Vessel Inspectors
1155 North High Street
Columbus, OH  43201

National Fire Protection Assn.
  (NFPA)
470 Atlantic Ave.
Boston,  MA  02210
National Plant Food Institute
1700 K Street, NW
Washington, DC  20006

Rubber Manufacturers Assn.
444 Madison Ave.
New York, NY  10022

Society of Automotive Engineers
485 Lexington Ave.
New York, NY  10017

Underwriters Laboratories,  Inc.
  (UL)
207 E.  Ohio Street
Chicago, IL  60611
                                         Subpart  R  - Special Industries
                                         Subpart J  - General Environmental
                                           Controls
                                         Subpart H - Hazardous Materials
Subpart E  -  Means  of  Egress
Subpart G  -  Occupational  Health and
  Envi ronmental Control
Subpart H  -  Hazardous  Materials
Subpart M  -  Compressed Gas  and
  Compressed Air Equipment
Subpart Q  -  Welding,  Cutting, and
  Brazing
Subpart R  -  Special  Industries

Subpart H  -  Hazardous  Materials
                                        Subpart Q - Welding,  Cutting,  and
                                          Brazing
                                        Subpart N
                                          Storage
                                        Subpart D
                                        Subpart H
                                        Subpart R
          - Materials  Handling  and
            Walking-Working  Surfaces
            Hazardous  Materials
            Special  Industries
                                  6-A-4

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         APPENDIX 6-B - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS  OF AN  OCCUPATIONAL
                        HEALTH AND  SAFETY  STANDARDS

These are the general requirements  of  an occupational  health  and  safety
standard that should be considered  and used,  if  applicable,  when  developing
a standard.

 1.  Purpose

 2.  References

 3.  Definitions

 4.  Responsibilities

 5.  Handling and Storage Requirements

 6.  Processes

 7.  Methods of Compliance

     a.  Engineering controls
     b.  Administrative controls
     c.  Personal protective equipment

 8.  Caution Signs and Labels

 9.  Housekeeping

10.  Record keepi ng

11.  Medical Examinations

     a.  General
     b.  Pre-employment/Pre-placement
     c.  Frequency of examinations
     d.  Termination of employment

12.  Medical Records

     a.  Maintenance
     b.  Access

13.  Monitoring

     a.  Method(s) of measurement
     b.  Maximum allowable exposure

14.  Training Requirements


                                  6-B-l

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL


        CHAPTER 7 - OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH  AND  SAFETY  TRAINING

                          Table of  Contents
PARAGRAPH                                                    PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                       NUMBERS
General	1
Responsibilities	2
Training Requi rements	3
Training Assistance	4
Availabl e Training Sources	5

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        CHAPTER 7 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING
1.  GENERAL.  Executive Order 12196 requires  that  the  head  of  each Agency
shall  provide health and safety  training  for  top management officials,
supervisory employees, employees responsible  for conducting inspections,
health and safety specialist, collateral  duty health and safety personnel,
members of occupational health and safety committees,  employee represent-
atives, and other employees.   EPA considers health and safety  training
an essential part of every Agency program for protecting the health  and
safety of its employees.

2.  RESPONSIBILITIES.

    a.  The Agency Designated Occupational  Health  and  Safety Official
shall  assure that health and  safety training  is provided for all Agency
employees in accordance with Executive Order  12196, 29 CFR  1960, and
the provisions of this Manual.

    b.  The Director, Occupational Health and Safety Staff, shall
coordinate the Agency's occupational  health and safety training pro-
grams, developing or recommending specific training courses designed
to instruct Agency personnel  in  the identification and control  of
occupational illnesses and injuries,  provide  technical assistance  and
evaluate the effectiveness of health  and  safety training program imple-
mentation.

    c.  Officers-in-Charge of Reporting Units shall assure  that the
Agency's occupational health  and safety training programs are  fully
implemented at the Reporting Unit and at all  Establishments and Work-
places under their organizational jurisdiction.

3.  TRAINING REQUIREMENTS.

    a.  Top Management Officials.  Top management  officials shall
receive training in occupational health and safety which will  enable
them to manage the occupational  health and safety  programs  in  their
areas  of jurisdiction.  This  training shall include as a minimum:

        (1)  Management responsibilities and  the  requirements  of
Section 19 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act,  Executive Order
12196, and 29 CFR 1960;

        (2)  EPA's Occupational  Health and Safety  Programs,  and

        (3)  Employee rights  and responsibilities.
                                     7-1

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     b.  Supervisors.  Supervisors  shall  receive introductory and
 specialized occupational  health and safety  training to enable them
 to manage the occupational  health  and safety programs within their
 work unit to assure the safe and healthful  work practices of their
 employees.  This  training shall  include  as  a minimum instruction in
 the fol lowi ng areas:

         (1)   Supervisors  responsibility  for providing and maintain-
 ing safe and healthful  working conditions for employees;

         (2)   EPA's  Occupational  Health and  Safety Programs;

         (3)   Requirements of Section  19  of  the Occupational Safety
 and Health Act, Executive Order 12196, and  29 CFR 1960;

         (4)   Applicable health  and  safety standards;

         (5)   Agency  procedures for  reporting and investigating acci-
 dents, illnesses, hazards,  and  allegations  of reprisal;

         (6)   Recognition,  evaluation  and control of health and safety
 hazards;

         (7)   Supervisors  responsibility  for employee discipline relating
 to  occupational health and  safety contained in the EPA Order,  Conduct
 and Di scipline; and

         (8)   Employee rights  and responsibilities.

    c.  Occupational Health  and Safety Program Personnel.

         (1)   Health  and Safety Specialist.  EPA shall  provide  sufficient
training to health and the safety specialist,  through  formal courses,
 laboratory experiences and field study, to enable them to  meet present
and future needs of the Agency's occupational  health and safety  programs.
Training shall include as a  minimum instruction in the following areas:

             a)  Occupational health and  safety program development
and management;

             b)  Hazard recognition, evaluation,  and control;

             c)  Occupational health and  safety standards;

             d)  The Agency's occupational  health  and  safety programs;
                                   7-2

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              e)   Safe Design  of equipment and facilities;

              f)   Accident  and illness data analysis; and

              g)   Packaging, marking, labeling, transportation, and disposal
 of hazardous materials and substances.

         (2)   Health and Safety Inspectors.  EPA shall provide Health
 and Safety  Inspectors sufficient additional training to enable them
 to recognize and  evaluate  health and safety hazards, and suggest general
 control  procedures.   Training shall include as a minimum instruction
 in the following  areas:

              a)   Appropriate  health and safety standards;

              b)   Use of appropriate evaluation equipment and procedures;

              c)   Hazard recognition, evaluation, and control procedures;
 and

              d)   Preparation  of reports and documentation.

         (3)   Collateral  Duty  Health and Safety Personnel.  EPA shall
 provide  training  for collateral duty health and safety program personnel
 commensurate with the scope of their assigned responsiblities.  Training
 shall include  as  a  minimum instruction in the following areas:

              a)   The Agency's occupational health and safety programs;

              b)   Section 19 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act,
 Executive Order 12196,  29 CFR 1960;

              c)   EPA's  reporting and recordkeeping procedures;

              d)   Evaluation and control  of hazards;

             e)  Agency  procedures for reporting and investigation of
 employee allegations  or  reprisals  for exercising rights under EO 12196
 and 29 CFR 1960;

             f)  Recognition  of hazardous conditions and environments;

             g)   Identification and use  of occupational  health and
safety standards; and

             h)  Packaging, marking, labeling, transportation and
disposal  of hazardous materials and substances.


                                  7-3

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        (4)  Health and Safety Committee  Members.  Health and safety
committee members shall be provided training  commensurate with their
assigned duties.  This training shall  include as a minimum orientation
in the following areas:

             a)  The Agency's occupational  health  and  safety programs;

             b)  Requirements of Section  19 of the Occupational Safety
and Health Act, Executive Order 12196, and  29 CFR  1960;

             c)  Agency procedures for reporting and investigating
employee allegations of reprisals for exercising  rights  under EO 12196
and 29 CFR 1960.

             d)  Identification and use of  occupational  health and
safety standards; and

             e)  Duties of the occupational health and safety committee.

        (5)  Employee Representatives.  EPA shall  provide occupational
health and safety training for Agency employees who  are  representatives
of employee groups, such as labor organizations which  are recognized
by the Agency.  This training will enable such  groups  to function appro-
priately to ensure safe and healthful working conditions.   (Nothing in
this paragraph shall be construed to alter  training  provisions provided
by law, Executive Order, or collective bargaining  arrangements.)  This
training shall include as a minimum orientation in the following areas:

             a)  Duties of the occupational health and safety committee;

             b)  Identification and use of  occupational  health and
safety standards;

             c)  Requirements of Section 19 of  the Occupational Safety
and Health Act, Executive Order 12196, and  29 CFR  1960;  and

             d)  The Agency's occupational  health  and  safety programs

        (6)  Employees.  EPA shall provide  employees health and safety
training appropriate to the work they perform.  This training shall
include as a minimum instruction in the following  areas:

             a)  The Agency's occupational  health  and  safety programs;

             b)  Employee rights and responsibilities, and  as appropriately;
                                 7-4

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             c)  Specialized job health  and  safety  training,  e.g.,

                 1)  Toxic and hazardous substances;

                 2)  CPR and First Aid;

                 3)  Use, handling, storage,  disposal  and transportation  of
hazardous materials and substances;

                 4)  Personal protective equipment  and clothing;

                 5)  Fire prevention,  protection, ana  emerorny  procedures;

                 6)  Materials handling and  storage;

                 7)  Machinery and machine guarding;

                 8)  Specifications for accident pt-fY6 rt^c n ^cr? and  tags;

                 9)  Ventilation;

                10)  Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation;

                11)  Motor vehicle accident  prevention and  operator education;

                12)  Water safety, which includes diving and boating;

                13)  General laboratory safety;

                14)  Office safety;

                15)  Safety in underground and surfc','* uri i•<• \ .  i   *n
mine property; and

                16)  Aircraft Safety.

4.  TRAINING ASSISTANCE.  The implementation of the train-nq recuirements
of this Chapter are not complicated or resource intensive    flu  > are many
sources of low or no cost health and safety  training available.   The
occupational health and safety training assistance that the Department of
Labor (DOL) and the National Institute of Occupational Sci^f';   f d Health
(NIOSH) are required to provide other Federal Aqen :r   i   1       in 29
CFR 1960.60.  EPA shall use this occupational health ami •>.« o,,  training
assistance from DOL and NIOSH where appropriate to meet the Agency's
occupational health and safety training needs and responsibilities.  EPA
shall provide its employees the specialized training required qy the unique
charcteristics of its work.
                                  7-5

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 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
     a.  Department of Labor.

         (1)  The DOL will provide occupational  health  and  safety  training
 assistance in the following areas upon request  by the  Agency head and with
 reimbursement.

              a)  Orientation for the Designated Agency Occupational Health
 and Safety Official;  and

              b)  Resident and field training  courses to  meet selected
 training needs of occupational  health  and  safety specialists, occupational
 health and safety inspectors, and collateral  duty occupational health
 and safety personnel.

         (2)  The DOL  will develop,  in  cooperation with the Office of
 Personnel  Management,  guidelines  and will  provide materials for occupational
 health and safety training programs  for high-level  managers, supervisors,
 members of committees,  and employee  representatives.

     b.  National  Institute for  Occupational Safety  and Health.  NIOSH will
 provide EPA.  upon request and with  reimbursement, training materials, and
 it will conduct training programs on occupational health-related subjects.

     c.  Occupational Health  and Safety  Staff.   The  Occupational Health
 and Safety Staff (OHSS)  continually  evalutes  both Government and commercial
 training programs for applicability  to  Agency needs.  It also has training
 programs available for  use by field  units  in  the following areas.

         (1)   Motion picture  films on laboratory, office, eye, fire, and
 electrical  safety,  respiratory  protection  and first aid.

         (2)   Slide-audio  tape training  programs on  laboratory, office,
 off-the-job and field safety, safety inspections, and compressed gases.

         (3)   Training manuals with audio-visuals for persons involved in field
 activities  and  for  senior managers and  supervisors.

         (4)   A  self-instruction correspondence  course,  which it administers,
 for occupational  health  and  safety program personnel.

        OHSS  should be contacted  for information on  training resources.

 5.  AVAILABLE TRAINING SOURCES.  The following  is a  list of training
 sources and is  provided as information to Officers-in-Charge.  This
 list does not include all training sources.  Officers-in-Charge are
encouraged  to research other  locally available training sources in the
occupational  health and safety  field.  The EPA  Office of Occupational
Health and  Safety will  assist in the evaluation of training sources
upon request.


                                   7-6

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    a.  National  Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago,
Illinois  60611

    b.  International  Safety  Academy, 10575 Katy Freeway, P.O. Box 19600,
Houston, Texas  77024

    c.  International  Loss Control  Institute, P.O. Box 345, Loganville,
Georgia  30249

    d.  University of  Southern  California, The Safety Center, University
Park, Los Angeles, California  90007

    e.  National  Fire  Protection Association, Battery march Park, Quincy,
Massachusetts  02269

    f.  National  Institute for  Occupational Safety and Health, Division
of Training and Manpower Development, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati,
Ohio  45226

    g.  DOL, Occupational Safety  and Health Administration, OSHA Training
Institute, 1555 Times  Drive,  Des Plaines, Illinois  60018

    h.  Local Fire Departments

    i.  Local safety councils

    j.  Local law enforcement agencies

    k.  Local universities and  community colleges

    1.  State, County, and local  health  and safety officials
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              CHAPTER 8 - LABORATORY USE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                            Table of Contents
PARAGRAPH                                                   PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                      NUMBERS
Policy and Responsibilities  	 1
Health and Safety Program Requirements  	 2
Work Practice and Engineering Controls  	 3
Additional Requirements for  Animal Experimentation
  Involving Toxic Substances 	 4
Situations Requiring Special Consideration	 5

     Appendix 8-A.  Toxic Substances  List
     Appendix 8-B.  Safety Plan
     Appendix 8-C.  Periodic Health Assessment
     Appendix 8-D.  Primary  Containment Equipment
     Appendix 8-E.  Secondary Containment Facilities for Higher
                      Ri sk Situations
     Appendix 8-F.  Packaging, Marking, Labeling, and Shipping of
                      Toxic  Substances  Used by Laboratories

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              CHAPTER 8 - LABORATORY USE  OF  TOXIC  SUBSTANCES


1.  POLICY AND RESPONSIBILITIES.

    a.  Purpose.  This Chapter establishes policy, responsibilities,  and
procedures for the conduct of the Agency  occupational  health  and safety
program for the laboratory use of toxic substances.

    b.  Policy.  The EPA is committed to  providing safe  and healthful
working conditions in laboratories where toxic substances  are used.

    c.  Background.  Section 19 of the Occupational  Safety and Health
Act, Executive Order 12196, 29 CFR 1960 and this EPA Occupational  Health
and Safety Manual requires the EPA to provide  safe and healthful working
conditions for its employees.  The EPA is responding to  this  requirement
with this Chapter, which is an adaptation of the Department of Health  and
Human Services, formerly the Department of Health, Education  and Welfare,
"Guidelines for the Laboratory Use of Chemical  Substances  Posing a
Potential Occupational Carcinogenic Risk, Revised  Draft,1'  March 1980.
An interagency subcommittee, which included  an EPA representative, developed
the Guidelines.  The control measures given in the Guidelines consist of
the laboratory work practices and engineering  controls necessary to
protect laboratory workers from exposure to carcinogenic (or  other highly
toxic) substances.  In addition, the Guidelines provide  alternative
control measures which are less demanding for  low  risk situations  and
more demanding for high risk situations.

        (1)  Basis of Guidelines.  The Guidelines  are based  on the
assumption that any exposure to a chemical  carcinogen, regardless  of  how
small, carries some risk.  While complete elimination of exposures is the
ideal  objective, this is not obtainable in every case.  However, the
potential for exposures must be reduced to the lowest practicable  level.

The application of these Guidelines to a  specific  laboratory  activity
must be based on the judgment of the supervisor who is responsible for
the safety of his or her laboratory operations. No set.  of guidelines can
be applied uniformly to every situation.   It is imperative,  therefore,
that the supervisor assess those variables peculiar to each  planned
activity in establishing appropriate safeguards.  Variables  that require
specific attention include (i) quantity of the toxic substance to  be
used,  (ii) physical and chemical properties of the agent,  (iii) toxicity
and (iv) the type of experimental procedures in which the  toxic substances
wil1 be used.

        (2)  Substances Considered Toxic.  Appendix 8-A  presents the
substances considered toxic for this Occupational  Health and  Safety Manual.
It consists of separate parts for substances exhibiting  chronic (a list)
and acute (selection criteria) toxicity.   The  ultimate criteria for
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 classifying a substance toxic for this  Manual  is whether the substance
 poses a high risk of impairing the health of  laboratory employees.
 Since persons in addition to the Director,  Occupational Health and  Safety
 Staff (OHSS), may be making this determination, the Manual  includes the
 sources of the lists and selection criteria comprising Appendix 8-A for
 reference.  The lists,  which may be added to  locally, will  be updated by
 the Director, OHSS, at  least annually,  and  will include OSHA's list of
 carcinogens upon publication.

     d.  Responsibilities.

         (1)  Program Management.

              (a)  Administrator.   The  Administrator is responsible for
 developing, implementing,  and evaluating  the Agency's occupational health
 and safety programs for the laboratory  use  of  toxic substances in accordance
 with the requirements of Section  19 of  the  Occupational Safety and health
 Act, Executive  Order 12196, and  the basic program elements  in 29 CFR
 1960, or approved  alternate program elements.

              (b)   Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources
 Management.   The Assistant  Administrator  for Administration and Resources
 Management,  as  the Designated Agency  Occupational Health and Safety Official,
 is  responsible  for  establishing Agency  occupational  health and safety
 policies,  programs,  standards, goals, objectives,  and priorities, and for
 establishing  an organization,  including the designation of safety and
 health officials  at appropriate  levels, with adequate budget and staff to
 implement  occupational  health  and  safety  programs  for the  laboratory use
 of  toxic substances  at  all  EPA operational  levels.

              (c)  Director,  Occupational  Health and Safety Staff (OHSS).
 The Director, OHSS,  under the supervision of the Director,  Office of
 Administration, is  responsible for:  developing Agency occupational  health
 and safety  policies, programs, standards, goals, objectives; evaluating
 the effectiveness of the Agency's  occupational health and  safety programs
 for the  laboratory  use  of toxic substances  at all  operational  levels;  and
 providing technical support  to the Agency's occupational health  and  safety
 programs for  the laboratory  use of  toxic  substances.   The  Director,  OHSS,
 is  the top technical advisor  for EPA on health and  safety  for  laboratory
 use of toxic  substances.

         (2)  Program Implementation.

              (a)  Officers-in-Charge  (OICs) of Reporting Units,  Establish-
ments and Workplaces.  The OICs are responsible for the  implementation
of  the Agency s occupational  health and safety programs  for the  laboratory
use of toxic substances  at their Reporting Unit, Establishment or Workplace.
The QIC is charged with assuring that  any laboratory  supervisor  using
toxic substances is qualified by training or experience, has the equipment


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 and facilities  to  handle the  materials safely, and proposes a use which
 is safe to all  concerned.   The QIC is  responsible for assuring the
 completion of semiannual  program reviews and audits.

              (b)   Safety Committee (SC).  The SC is responsible for aiding
 and advising the QIC on employee health and safety matters and policies
 and procedures  for the Agency occupational health and safety program for
 handling  toxic  substances  in  the laboratory.  (See EPA Occupational Health
 and Safety Manual,  Chapter 5, paragraph 6.b. for a detailed description
 of the SC's  health  and safety responsibilities.)  SC's should review and
 approve Safety  Plans prepared by each  supervisor and forward them to the
 Occupational  Health  and Safety Designee.  The SC should also advise the
 QIC on specific programs  for Health Surveillance.

 (The Safety  Committee  should include, or have access  to, individuals who
 possess expertise  in chemistry, toxicology, medicine,  engineering and
 laboratory safety.)

              (c)  Occupational Health and Safety Designees (OHSD's).  The
 OHSD's  at  all operational  levels are  responsible for  assisting the Officers-
 in-Charge  of  their Reporting Units, Establishments,  or Workplaces in:
 managing,  developing,  organizing, directing, and evaluating the occupational
 health  and safety  programs  and injury  reporting and record-keeping
 requirements; analyzing accidents and injuries for prevention and control;
 and providing technical  advice to management officials in the implementation
 of  program policy and  standards.

 OHSD's  must  have either background and training in recognizing, evaluating,
 and  controlling hazards from laboratory use of toxic  substances or access
 to  this expertise.   OHSD's must maintain inventory records for substances
 considered toxic for this Manual.

              (d)  Laboratory Health Officers.  Laboratory Health Officers
 are  responsible for  providing technical support  to the OHSD.  (Laboratory
 Health Officers are  laboratory-based  personnel who have expertise in the
 health effects and chemical hazards related to laboratory operations;
 they are officially  appointed by the  Officer-in-Charge; and they functionally
 report to the OHSD.)

              (e)  Supervisor.

The Supervisor has the primary responsibility for:

                  J_  Selecting work practices and engineering controls for
handling toxic substances;

                  2_  Preparing a Safety Plan prior to use of toxic
substances.  (See Appendix 8-B for  details  of the Safety Plan.);
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                  3_  Submitting the Safety  Plan to the Safety Committee
for their review and approval;

                  4_  Making copies of the approved Safety Plan  available
to program and support staff;

                  5_  Assuring that the program and support  staff  (including
maintenance and housekeeping personnel) are instructed and  trained  in the
laboratory practices and engineering controls  required to ensure  safety
and in planned procedures for dealing with  accidents  involving  toxic
substances, and are informed of the potential  hazards associated  with the
proposed use of toxic substances;

                  6^  Supervising the safety performance  of  the  staff to
ensure that the required laboratory practices  and engineering controls
are empl oyed;

                  7_  Arranging for immediate medical  attention  and
reporting to the OHSD any accident that results in a_ inoculation  of toxic
substances through cutaneous penetration, b_ingestion of toxic  substances,
£ probable inhalation of toxic substances,  or d_ any  incident causing
overt exposure to personnel or danger of environmental contamination by
toxic substances;

                  _8  Cooperating in the occupational  medical surveillance
program;

                  _9  Assisting the OHSD in investigating accidents;

                 IQ_  Investigating and reporting  in  writing to  the  OHSD
any problem pertaining to operation and implementation of laboratory
practices and engineering controls; and

                 _11_  Correcting work errors and conditions  that may result
in the release of toxic substances.

             (f)  Employees.  Each employee is responsible  for  complying
with the health and safety program for the  laboratory use of toxic
substances established by this Manual.  Each employee shall report  to
his/her supervisor or the OHSD any unsafe condition  and  all facts pertaining
to accidents which resulted in employee exposure  to  toxic substances.

             (g)  Other Responsibilities.  The individuals  specified
above and other individuals have responsibilities for this  program  which
are described in relevant sections of the balance of this Chapter.

2.  HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    a.  Safety Manual.  The QIC must ensure that  the safety program


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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
covering the laboratories within  his/her  Reporting Unit, Establishment,
or Workplace is documented by a safety  manual.  The OIC must make the
Safety Manual available for distribution,  provide a copy to each employee
using toxic substances, and forward an  information copy to the Director,
OHSS.

    b.  Safety Plan.  The Supervisor mist prepare, and obtain approval
of, a Safety Plan (Appendix 8-B)  before using a toxic substance.  The
Laboratory Safety Committee, or similar group set up  for this purpose,
must review the Safety Plan and forward it to the OHSD with comments.
The OHSD and the OIC must approve the Safety Plan before the toxic
substance can be used.  The OHSD  must maintain the Safety Plan on file
and make it available for distribution, provide a copy to each employee
using the toxic substance, and forward  an information copy to the Director,
OHSS.  The supervisor may prepare,  and  obtain prior approval of, generic
safety plans to cover groups of toxic substances which pose similar
occupational hazards.

    c.  Audit.  The OIC must ensure that  semi-annual  program  reviews,
including inspections, of the health and  safety program for laboratory
use of toxic substances are conducted by  persons with appropriate background
and training, and that any deficiencies are corrected as soon as possible
(or immediately if the deficiency is an imminent hazard).  The OIC must
forward a copy of the program review and  abatement actions to the Director,
OHSS, for review.  The Director,  OHSS,  may conduct  independent audits.

    d.  Accident Reporting.  The  OHSD must coordinate the reporting  of
any accident involving exposure (inoculation, ingestion, dermal  contact,
inhalation) to a toxic substance  in accordance with the procedures detailed
in Chapter 3 of the Occupational  Health and Safety Manual.   In addition,
the OHSD must forward a copy of this type of accident  report to  the
employee's medical record (see 2.g.(3)).

    e.  Training.  The OIC must ensure  that all employees, before using
toxic substances in the laboratory, receive  a minimum of 24  hours of
training on the safe handling of  toxic  substances in  the laboratory
(followed by 4 hour refresher courses annually) and  receive  training
specific to the hazards (including  emergencies) of a  specific operation
before conducting that operation.  The  OHSD must obtain the  approval of
the Director, OHSS, for the initial 24  hour and annual 4 hour courses and
must issue a certificate to employees upon completion of the  courses.

The training courses must be supplemented by on-the-job training.  The
QIC must ensure that the supervisor, OHSD, or other  persons  qualified by
training and experience will periodically apprise laboratory and other
i nvolved workers, for example, those involved  in housekeeping  or maintenance
work, about (1) the possible sources of exposure,  (?.} adverse health
effects (including chronic effects  such as cancer) associated with
exposure, (3) work practice and engineering controls  in use  and  being


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 planned to limit exposure, (4) environmental  and  medical monitoring
 procedures used to check on control procedures and on  the  health  status
 of emoloyees, and (5) their responsibilities  for  following  proper work
 practices to help protect their health and provide for the  safety of
 themselves and fellow employees.  The trainers should  also  explain:  the
 types and functions of monitoring equipment,  such as personal  samplers,
 so that each employee understands his or her  part in environmental
 monitoring; medical  monitoring procedures,  especially  any  unusual procedures
 such a sputum cytology or biologic monitoring of  metabolites in the urine;
 and the benefits to workers of participating  in these  environmental and
 medical  monitoring procedures.

 The OHSD must keep the Safety  Plan,  safety  data sheets, and other
 appropriate written  information  describing  the relevant toxic, physical,
 and chemical  properties of toxic substances used  or stored  in  the
 laboratory,  in  a file  that  is  continuously  and readily  available to
 employees.

 In  addition,  the OIC must ensure that employees identified to  respond to
 emergencies  involving  toxic substances  receive additional  training,
 repeated at least annually, which includes  directing general evacuation,
 decontamination  of uncontrolled  releases  of toxic  substances, maintaining
 a  respirator program at least  equivalent  to 29 CFR 1910.134, using other
 personal  protective equipment, and  first  aid  and  CPR.

     f.   Emergency Procedures.  The OHSD must  develop procedures to protect
 personnel  in  case of emergencies  involving  toxic  substances in the
 laboratory.   The emergency  procedures should  include:   notifying emergency
 and  other  affected personnel;  designating the  containment  area; decon-
 tamination  procedures;  a  general  evacuation plan;   local emergency
 departments and  local  Poison Control  Centers'  locations, phone numbers,
 and  contacts; and should  be conspicuously posted  and tested with drills
 at least semi-annually.

     g.   Medical  Surveillance.

         (1)  Pre-assignment Health Assessment.  The OIC must ensure that
 a baseline health assessment is provided to all employees  who work with
 toxic  substances  or who are assigned  duties in work areas  where toxic
 substances are regularly used.  These health assessments are to be provided
 under  the EPA Medical Monitoring Guidelines and nust be included in
 position descriptions for new  assignments.  The OIC, after  consultation
withan occupational physician,  the OHSD, and the medical monitoring
coordinator, must also determine the necessity of  providing pre-assignment
health assessments for employees who  may be assigned duties in work  areas
where small quantities of toxic substances are infrequently used.

The purpose of this pre-assignment assessment  is to establish a baseline
health record and if evidence  of predisposing  conditions is found,  to


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 inform and counsel  the employee concerning the inadvisability of working
 in areas where toxic substances are used.  The pre-assignment assessment
 will  include a work history,  a medical history, and a physical examination,
 which includes customary laboratory studies  and agent-specific studies
 when  appropriate.

         (2)  Periodic Health  Assessments.  The QIC must ensure that periodic
 health assessments  are provided to  all employees who work with toxic
 substances or who are assigned duties  in work areas where toxic substances
 are regularly used.  The periodicity and content of these assessments
 must  be determined  by the 0'IC after consultation with an occupational
 physician, the OHSD, the medical monitoring coordinator, and the supervisor.

 The assessments will include  an updating of  the employee's work and
 medical  histories,  including  occurrences of any accidental  exposures
 previously unreported.  The following  information rrust be included in the
 employee's medical  record:  names of toxic substances to which the
 employees  may have  been exposed, information on the probability, frequency,
 and extent of exposures,  and  any environmental  measurements relating to
 toxic substances that may have been made.  The periodic health assessment
 may also include a  physical examination, biochemical or other surveillance
 of  body  fluids,  and an evaluation of pertinent functional systems of the
 body.   (See Appendix 8-C.)  The  medical monitoring coordinator at each
 location is responsible for requesting and helping to schedule examinations
 and,  assisted by the OHSD,  must  furnish to employees, prior to each
 examination,  exposure and environmental monitoring data as specified
 above  for  inclusion in  their  medical records.

         (3)   Records.   The  records  must be maintained in the local custody
 of  the examining physician.   Access must be limited to the  custodian or
 duly  appointed  officials.   A  copy of these records may be maintained in
 the Agency Occupational  Health and  Safety Office.   These must be maintained
 in  locked  cabinets  with access  limited to the Director or to authorized
 personnel.

 Upon  an  employee's  death, retirement, resignation, or other termination of
 Government service,  the  records must be forwarded  to the U.S. Office of
 Personnel  Management or Public Health Service Commissioned  Officer,  Department
 of  Personnel, for inclusion with the Official Personnel  Records  and  the
 custody  thereof  will  fall to  the custodian of such records.

 Medical  information  about an applicant, employee  or annuitant must not be
 made available to the  public.  (See EPA Medical Monitoring  Program Guide-
 lines, established  by the OHSS, for details of  the Medical  Monitoring
 Program  recording requirements.)

 3.  WORK PRACTICE AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS.  The  work practice and
engineering controls specified in this  section  must  be used  by all
 laboratories  in which work  involving toxic substances is carried out


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regularly.  Paragraph 5 of this Chapter describes  work  practice  and
engineering controls for situations where either more or less  stringent
safeguards should be considered in providing protection  to  the  laboratory
worker.

    a.  Chemical Control Procedures.

        (1)  "Cradle-to-Grave"
purchase  requisitions for toxic substances.   The QIC, after consulting
the OHSD, may add to the list of toxic substances  presented in  Appendix
8-A for his/her  reporting unit.  The OHSD subsequently  monitors  and  records
the receipt, transport, storage, use (including a  list  of personnel
authorized to use) and disposal of the toxic substances.  The OHSD must
update the inventory at lease semi-annually.  Also,  the OHSD must obtain,
maintain, and distribute safety data sheets  and other information needed
to use toxic substances safely.  The OHSD may request technical  support
from the Director, OHSS, in obtaining this information.

        (2)  Storage Inventory and Identification.  Stock quantities  of
toxic substances must be stored in a specific area that is  secured  at all
times.  The storage area must be posted with a sign  bearing the  legend:
CAUTION-TOXIC SUBSTANCE Authorized Persons Only.  Supervisors  must  maintain
inventory records of stock quantities of toxic substances they  are
individually responsible for and mist provide copies to the OHSD.   The
inventory records must include the quantities of toxic  substances acquired
and dates of acquisition and disposition.  Storage vessels  containing
stock quantities must be labeled:   CAUTION-TOXIC SUBSTANCE. Additional
storage precautions may be required for compounds  having other properties,
such as fl ammability, radioactivity, etc.

        (3)  Working Quantities.  Quantities of toxic substances present
in the work area must not exceed the amounts required for use  in one
week.  This does not include amounts stored  in a specific toxic substance
storage area or cabinet that is located within the laboratory  work area.
Storage vessels containing working quantities must be labeled:   CAUTION-
TOXIC SUBSTANCE.

        (4)  Decontamination.  Contaminated  materials must  either be
decontaminated by procedures that decompose  the toxic substance  to  produce
a safe product or be removed for subsequent  disposal.  Toxic substances
which have spilled out of a primary container so as  to  constitute a  hazard
must be inactivated in situ or mist be absorbed by appropriate means  for
subsequent disposal.  Adequacy of clean-up must be tested using, for
instance,  wipe-test or fluorescence tests.

        (5)  Laboratory Transport.  Storage  vessels  containing  toxic
substances must be placed first in an unbreakable outer container before
being transported to laboratory work areas using good transfer  practices.
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Plastic coated glass bottles  with  polypropylene caps, which can satisfy a
4-foot drop test, are currently available which can  serve  as both the
storage vessel and the unbreakable outer container combined.  Contaminated
materials which are transferred from work areas to disposal areas must
first be placed in a closed plastic bag or other suitable  impermeable and
sealed primary container.  The  primary container mist be placed in a
durable outer container before  being transported.  The outer container'
must be labeled with both the name of  the toxic substance  and the warning:
CAUTION-TOXIC SUBSTANCE.

        (6)  Packaging and Shipping.  Toxic  substances must be packaged
to withstand shocks, pressure changes, and any other conditions which
might cause leakage of contents incident to  ordinary handling during
transportation.  Shipments must be in  accordance with Department of
Transportation (DOT) regulations and EPA Order 1000.18, Transportation of
Hazardous Materials.  (See Appendix 8-F for  specific packaging and shipping
guidance reference.)

        (7)  Disposal.  Prior to the start of any laboratory activity
involving a toxic substance,  plans for the handling  and ultimate disposal
of contaminated wastes and surplus amounts of the toxic substance must
be completed.  The supervisor and  OHSD should jointly determine the best
methods available that are in compliance with Federal, State and  local
codes and ordinances.

    b-  Operational Practices.

        (1)  Work Area Identification.  Entrances to all work  areas,
where toxic substances are being used  or stored, must be posted with
signs bearing the legend:  "CAUTION -  TOXIC  SUBSTANCE - Authorized  Persons
Only," followed by name of supervisor.

        (2)  Access Control.   Work areas, where toxic  substances  are
being used or stored,  must be entered  only by persons authorized  by the
supervisor.  Access doors to work  areas  must be kept closed while
experiments involving toxic substances are in progress.

        (3)  Work Surfaces.  All work  surfaces  (bench  tops,  hood  floors,
etc.) on which toxic substances are used must be covered with  stainless
steel or plastic trays, dry absorbent  plastic  backed paper or  other
impervious material.  The protective surfaces must be examined  for  possible
contamination immediately after each procedure  involving  toxic substances
has been completed.  Contaminated  surfaces must be decontaminated or
disposed of as appropriate.

        (4)  Use of Analytical  Instrumentation.  Vapors  or aerosols
produced by analytical instruments, when used with toxic  substances,  must
be captured through local exhaust ventilation  at  the site of  their
production.  The instruments may be placed entirely  within a  laboratory


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 fume hood if this will not impair hood performance  (i.e., toward the back
 and raised on legs to minimize turbulence of  inflowing air).  When a sample
 is removed from the analytical instrument,  it should be placed In a
 tightly stoppered sample tube or otherwise  safeguarded from contaminating
 the laboratory.   In the event that the analytical equipment becomes
 contaminated, it must be labeled "CAUTION - TOXIC SUBSTANCE" until it has
 been completely  decontaminated.   This operational practice applies to
 analytical equipment even when only infrequently used for toxic substances.

         (5)   Use of Primary Containment Equipment.  Procedures involving
 volatile toxic substances and those involving solid or liquid toxic
 substances that  may result in the generation of aerosols must be conducted
 in a laboratory  fume hood, a glove box, or  other containment equipment
 approved for  toxic substances by  the  OHSD.  (Personnel  protection factors
 for Class II  biological  safety cabinets have not yet been established;
 however, when installed  with total  exhaust, these devices are currently
 acceptable for procedures involving toxic substances.)  Examples of
 aerosol  producing procedures are:   the opening of closed vessels, transfer
 operations, weighing,  preparation of  feed mixtures and the application,
 injection  or  intubation  of a toxic  substance into experimental  animals.
 Tissue  culture and other biological procedures involving small  quantities
 of toxic substances  may  be conducted  in a Class II  Type A or B biological
 safety  cabinet.   The selection and use of a Class II biological  safety
 cabinet  for procedures involving  toxic substances must  be a joint decision
 of the  supervisor and  the OHSD.   Primary  containment equipment used for
 containment of toxic substances must  display a label  bearing the legend:
 CAUTION  - TOXIC  SUBSTANCE.   All bidding documents and installation plans
 for  primary containment  equipment  must be reviewed  by  the Facilities
 Engineering and  Real Property  Management Branch prior to procurement.
 (See Appendix 8-D  for  additional  information on primary  containment
 equipment.)

         (6)   Protection  of  Vacuum Lines.  Each vacuum  service,  including
 water aspirators,  must be  protected with an absorbent  or  liquid  trap  and
 a  High Efficiency  Particulate Aerosal  (HEPA) filter to prevent  entry  of
 any separate vacuum pump or other device place in a  laboratory  fume hood
 approved for  toxic substances must  be  used.

    c.  Personal  Protective Equipment.

         (1)  Protective Clothing.  Protective  clothing  such as  a fully
 fastened laboratory coat or a disposable jumpsuit must  be  worn  in  any
work area in which toxic substances are being  used.  Clean clothing nust
be provided weekly and must not be worn outside  the  work  area,,   Clothing
contaminated by  toxic substances must be decontaminated  or disposed of
 immediately after an obvious exposure.  Contaminated clothing must  not  be
sent to the laundry until decontaminated.   (See 3.a. (4) for decontamination
procedure.)  Gloves which are appropriate  to the  specific  situation must
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 be used when handling toxic  substances.  Disposable gloves must be discarded
 after each use and immediately  after known contact with a toxic substance.
 Acquisition of protective  clothing and equipment must be in accordance
 with EPA Order 3100.1,  Uniforms, Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment.

         (2)  Eye Protection.  Devices to provide appropriate eye protection
 must be worn in any laboratory  work and should meet ANSI Z87.1,"Practice
 for Occupational  and Educational Eye and Face Protection" and the
 requirements in EPA's Eye  Protection Program Guideline.

         (3)  Use of Respirators as Personal Protective Devices.  A
 respirator use program nust  be  provided for emergency and maintenance
 personnel  who enter areas  where a potential for inhalation exposure to a
 toxic substance is present.  This program nust meet the requirements of
 the OSHA General  Industry  Standards for respiratory protection as detailed
 in 29 CFR  1910.134.  The  respirators must be certified in accordance with
 the requirements  of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
 Health (NIOSH)  under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11.  The selection and
 use of respirators must be approved by the OHSD.

     d.  Work  Practices.

         (1)  Housekeeping.   General housekeeping procedures which suppress
 the formation of  aerosols, such as the use of a wet mop or a vacuum
 cleaner equipped  with a HEPA filter to remove particulates, must be used.

 Dry sweeping  and  dry mopping are prohibited because of the hazard of
 aerosol  formation.   Training of personnel in appropriate cleaning techniques
 to  avoid or minimize exposure is the responsibility of the supervisor.
 In  those instances where the toxic substance or contaminated material is
 spilled, special  procedures developed for the individual  compounds must
 be  followed.   (See 2.b.)

         (2)  Eating,  Drinking and Smoking.  There nust be no eating,
 drinking,  smoking,  chewing of gum or tobacco, application of cosmetics or
 storage  of  utensils,  food  or food containers in any laboratory area.

         (3)  Pipetting.  Mechanical  pipetting aids must be used for all
 pipetting procedures.   Oral pipetting is prohibited.

         (4)  Personal Hygiene.   All  personnel  must wash hands immediately
 after  completion  of  any procedures in which toxic substances have been
 used.  Immediately  after an obvious  exposure to toxic substances,  personnel
 must wash  or shower the affected area.

    e.  Facility Recommendations.

         (1)  Handwashing Facility.   A handwashing facility must be available
within the work area.(This need  not  be a facility used  exclusively for


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handwashing.)  The use of liquid soap is recommended.   In  new  facilities,
foot  or  elbow operated faucets should be provided.

         (2)  Shower Facility.  A shower facility, other than  emergency
drench showers, must be located in the building in which toxic substances
are used.  The shower facility must be available at all  times.

         (3)  Eye Wash Facility.  An emergency eye wash facility must be
located  in each laboratory.  It should be designed to  wash both eyes at
the same time with a continuous stream of potable water.

         (4)  Exhaust Air from Primary Containment Equipment.   The  exhaust
air from glove boxes must be treated by filtration, reaction,  absorption,
adsorption, electrostatic precipitation or incineration.  The  need for,
and type of, treatment for other primary containment equipment, including
laboratory fume hoods and biological  safety cabinets,  must be  determined
by the DSHD in consultation with the supervisor.  Exhaust air treatment
systems that remove toxic substances from the exhaust  air  by  collection
mechanisms such as filtration, absorption and adsorption mist be serviced
in a  manner that avoids direct contact with the collection medium.
(Trained maintenance employees may remove the spent collection medium
using a bag in-bag out collection system or using appropriate  personal
protective clothing and equipment.)  All exhaust air from primary
containment equipment must be discharged by roof mounted blowers to the
outdoors so that it is dispersed clear of occupied buildings  and air intakes.

         (5)  Exhaust Ventilation.  A mechanical exhaust ventilation system
must  be  provided for controlling laboratory room air movement.   The
movement of air must be from areas of lower contamination  potential to
areas of higher contamination potential (i.e. from entry corridors to the
laboratory).  All  air from laboratories must be exhausted  outdoors and
not reci rculated.   However, non-contaminated air within individual
laboratories may be reconditioned.  The exhaust air from laboratory areas
must  be  discharged outdoors in a way that entry into a building's  air
supply is minimized.  Exhaust air from laboratory areas which  is not
derived from primary containment equipment can be discharged  to the
outdoors without being treated.

4.  ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION INVOLVING TOXIC
SUBSTANCES.  The work practice and engineering controls specified  in
paragraph 3 apply  to animal experimentation when toxic substances are
used.   Additionally, animal care personnel must wear a completely  closed
jumpsuit or a complete clothing change and laboratory-issue shoes or
booties,  head cover and gloves.  Clean clothing must be provided daily.
Animal care personnel engaged in procedures where exposure to airborne
particulates contaminated with toxic substances could  occur must use
appropriate respiratory protection.  The selection and use of an appropriate
respirator must be approved by the OHSD.  The face mask or respirator
must not be worn outside the animal room.  Used filters must  be disposed
                                   8-12

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of and the respirator housing must be  decontaminated  daily, and the
respirator irust be stored in a clean location-   Personnel  required  to
wear a respirator must shower after completion  of  procedures  that may
result in the creation of airborne contamination in the animal  room.

Experimental animals must be housed in cage  systems that confine feed,
feces, urine and bedding within the enclosure.   When  using a  volatile
toxic substance the cage will be appropriately  sealed or ventilated to
prevent evolution of contaminants.  Alternative animal  housing  methods
must be approved by the OHSD.

The Safety Plan prepared for animal studies  must include descriptions  of
the proposed animal  housing methods, safeguards appropriate for dose
preparation and challenge procedures,  procedures for  bulk  storage and
disbursement of test material, waste management practices, and  personnel
protection requirements.  An operations manual  trust be prepared for
facilities in which large-scale animal studies  and inhalation challenge
studies are conducted.  Equipment use  procedures for  all inhalation
challenge studies must be described in detail.

All animal use must comply with the Animal Welfare Act, Public  Law  89-544,
1966, amended in 1970 and 1976 (P.L. 91-579  and P.L.  9A-279)  and must
conform with the Guide for the Care and Use  of  Laboratory  Animals,  DHEW
No. 78-23, revised 1978 or succeeding  editions.

5.  SITUATIONS REQUIRING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION.  The  purpose  of this
section is generally to describe situations  involving toxic substances
where either more or less stringent safeguards  might  be considered  in
providing protection to the laboratory worker.   (No specific  definitions
for such situations can be provided; an attempt to do so would  be
misleading.)  Any modification to the  laboratory practices and  engineering
controls described in paragraph 3 should be  carefully considered and
reviewed by the supervisor, the OHSD,  and the SC.

The hazard in working with toxic substances  is  a function  of  the exposure
potential  and the toxicity.  The risk  of exposure  to  a toxic  substance  is
related, among other things, to the quantity and physical  properties  of
material  used and the nature, frequency, and complexity of the  experimental
procedure.  There is a greater risk of exposure when  working  with  100
milligrams of material  than with I microgram of material.   Similarly the
potential  for exposure is greater during blending, preoaration  of  dry
feed mixture or the manipulation of powders  than during the preparation
of aliquots of stock solutions.  The toxicity and carcinogenic  potency
are also important factors in the selection  of  safeguards. For example,
experimental data suggests that the carcinogenic potency  of aflatoxin
81 is magnitudes greater than that of  chloroform.
                                   5-13

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      a.  Low Risk Situations.   Infrequent use of small quantities of
 toxic substances presents a low risk  situation.  An infrequent or
 incidental  user can be described  as a person who uses only a small quantity
 of material  on an infrequent basis.   Such users may include Individuals
 involved in  microbial  or tissue culture test procedures, persons using
 small quantities of chloroform for the inactivation of microorganisms,
 and the users  of o-tolidine (3,3'  -Dimethylbenzidine) test papers.

 Safety during these operations can normally be achieved by strict adherence
 to good laboratory practice.   The  laboratory worker must not eat, drink,
 smoke,  chew  gum or tobacco,  apply  cosmetics or store food in areas where
 the toxic substances  are used  or  stored.  Hands should be washed following
 the completion of a procedure  in  which toxic substances are used.  The
 laboratory workers should develop  the habit of keeping hands away from
 mouth,  nose,  eyes, and face.   A fully fastened laboratory coat and gloves
 should  be worn when handling toxic substances.  Mechanical pipetting
 aids  must, be used for  all  pipetting procedures.  Laboratory workers
 should  receive periodic  laboratory safety training.

 The preparation of dilute solutions or the removal of small amounts of a
 toxic substance from stock  quantities  should always be performed within a
 laboratory fume hood  or  glove  box.  The work surfaces of the hood should
 be  covered with stainless  steel or plastic trays, dry absorbent plastic
 backed  paper or other  impervious  material.

 Stock quantities  of toxic  substances  should, be the minimum quantity
 required for efficient use; the primary container should be stored in an
 unbreakable  outer  container.   Plastic  coated glass bottles with poly-
 propylene caps,  which  can  satisfy  a 4-foot drop test, may be used in lieu
 of  both containers.  The  outer  container should be labeled with a sign
 bearing the  legend:  CAUTION -  TOXIC  SUBSTANCE.  The stock quantities
 should be maintained in  a  secured and  posted storage area when not is use.
 Requirements for  decontamination  and  disposal  specified in paragraph 3
 apply to this  category of user.

      b.  Higher Risk Situations.   More stringent safeguards may be
 required for certain research  investigations that present higher risk
 situations than those  subject  to the  general requirements.  More stringent
 requirements may also  be  required for  research activities that involve
 highly potent  toxic substances.  The  toxic substances and laboratory
 activities for which additional controls will  be required must be determined
 on  a  case by case  basis  by  the  QIC in  consultation with the SC and OHSD.

Work practice and  engineering controls that may be required to augment
the general   requirements  include:  additional  or more frequent changes of
protective clothing, increased  showering frequency, shower facility and
change room  requirements, use  of primary containment devices,  work area
access control, impervious floors for easy decontamination and monitoring
for environmental  contamination resulting from certain laboratory activities.


                                   8-14

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Personnel  may be required in  some  instances to wear  full  protective
clothing such as pants and shirts  or jumpsuits,  shoes,  or boots  and  head
covers and to shower after each exit from the work area.

Laboratory activities that involve high  risk  procedures with  a  known
potent toxic substance may be restricted to either a glove  box  or  other
completely closed containment system.  Work areas may be required  to be
separated by a controlled access area  from areas that are open  to
unrestricted traffic flow.  This controlled access area may be  an  anteroom,
a change room, an air lock or any  other door  arrangement  that separates
the laboratory from areas of  unrestricted traffic flow.  A  specially  designed
"Containment Area" consisting of a Special Handling  Room with adjoining
laboratory work area, change  rooms,  shower and toilet facilities and an
air lock may be required for  the highest risk situations.  (See  Appendix
8-E - Secondary Containment Facilities for Higher Risk Situations.)

Environmental monitoring may  be required in work areas  where  the potential
of exposure to a known potent toxic substance is great.   An example  of
such an area might be a dry feed mixing operation where a large  amount of
the toxic substance is being handled in  an activity  that can  produce
significant amounts of aerosol.

Additional controls for the safe use of  a particular compound mist be
specifically identified in the  Safety  Plan  (Appendix 8-B) for its  use.
                                   8-15

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                 APPENDIX A - TOXIC SUBSTANCES LIST
Chronic - This will be a listing of  established  carcinogenic  agents.
          The Carcinogen Assessment  Group  (CAG)  listing will  be used
          for the first list.

Acute   -This will be a listing of  chemicals  meeting  the  following
          criteria:
                              ACUTE  TOXICITY
Dosage Method	Type of  Measure	Value  of Toxicity

Oral                           LD50                Up  to  and  including
                                                      50 mg/kg

Inhalation                     LC50    •            Up  to and including
                                                      0.2  mg/1  (200 mg/m3)

Dermal                         LD50                Up  to and including
	200  mg/kg	

Adapted from 40 CFR 162.

A list of 927 substances meeting the above  criteria was generated  by
searching the current NIOSH  Registry of Toxic  Effects  of Chemical  Substances
(RTECS).  (If you would like copies of  the  proposed initial  lists, contact
the Industrial Hygiene Programs Manager at  FTS  382-3640.)
                                  8-A-l

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                         APPENDIX B  - SAFETY PLAN
Assistance in preparing the safety  plan  can be obtained from
OHSD 	located  in Room 	of Building
or by telephoning	
USE CATEGORY
    Regular User	           Infrequent User
REVIEW
    Safety Committee Chairperson	
APPROVALS
    Supervisor	
    OHSD	
    QIC                     	
    SUPERVISOR
    Laboratory or Branch
    Building
    Room
    Phone
DATE OF PHONE PREPARATION
TOXIC SUBSTANCE
    Name                      CAS No.
         Synonyms
    Safety Data Sheet Available   Yes	 No
    Location of Use	
    Type of Use	
    Location of Storage	
                                  8-B-l

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 Inventory Data

     Date Toxic Substance Ordered  or Synthesized	

     Quantity 	

     Period of Use
 HAZARD  ASSESSMENT   (toxic and pharmacologic effects, reactivity, stability
                     flammability, and operational concerns - weighing,
                     mixing, etc.):
MONITORING PROCEDURES (If required by the OHSD)

   Medical surveillance procedures for evidence of personal  exposure:
Personnel  monitoring procedures:
                                  8-B-2

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    Surveillance  procedures  for  environmental contamination:
 DECONTAMINATION AND  DISPOSAL



    Decontamination Procedures  (contaminated:  surfaces, materials,

                               instruments, equipment, etc.):
   Disposal Procedures  (wastes and unused stock):
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES



   In event of overt personnel exposure (inhalation,  ingestion,

                                         inoculation):
                                    8D  "3
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   In event of environmental  contamination (spill):
PERSONNEL POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO TOXIC SUBSTANCE

   Personnel Authorized to Use Toxic Substance

       1.  	

       2.  	

       3.  	

       4.  	

       5.  	

   Other Personnel Assigned to Locations Where Toxic  Substance  is  Used

       1.  	

       2.  	

       3.  	

       4.  	

       5.  	


ALTERNATIVE WORK PRACTICE AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS

   (Describe alternative controls not specified in this Manual  for
    the Laboratory Use of Toxic Substances.  Indicate controls  specified
    in the Manual for which proposed alternative  controls  will  serve
    as substitute methods.)
                                 8-B-4

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SAFE PRACTICES FOR ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION

    Personnel Protective Equipment  (gloves,  respirator,  approved  clothing,
                                    booties,  goggles, etc.):
    Animal Care and Housing Requirements  (containment  cages,  exposure
                                          procedures,  bedding change, dose
                                          preparation,  cage  cleaning, waste
                                          handling  methods):
Facility Operational  Procedures (access  control, traffic patterns, de-
                                 contamination  procedures,  waste  manage-
                                 ment, species  isolation requirements):
APPROPRIATE LITERATURE CITATIONS
                                  8-B-5

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                    APPENDIX C - PERIODIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT


                       (ADAPTED FROM DHHS GUIDELINES)

The nature of a program for providing  periodic health assessments  is
complicated by several factors.  Among these  are  (1) many  laboratory  workers
handle a variety of toxic substances so  that  the medical surveillance should
ideally seek evidence of adverse effects from all  these  substances,
(2) some toxic substances cause cancer but  have little or  no toxicity other
than the production of neoplasms,  and  most  tumors  do not become  evident
until  many years (often 20-30) after the initiating events.

Medical monitoring wil1, therefore,  sometimes for  necessity  and  more  often
for efficiency, usually concentrate on events likely to  precede  overt
evidence of serious health effects such  as  tumorigenesis.   For example,
some carcinogens, such as dimethylnitrosamine, have high acute toxicity,
especially to the liver, and evidence  of such actute toxicity  can  be  obtained
within a few hours or days following exposure.  Some tumors, such  as  those
liver cells, usually detectable by clinical tests.  Others,  e.g.,  angi osarcomas
induced by such substances as vinyl  chloride, will often cause detectable
cell changes in nearby tissue as the probable result of  space  occupation.
It should be noted that detection  of such toxic changes  does not necessarily
presage tumor development, but should  nevertheless precipitate the institution
if corrective work practices and improved engineering controls.  The
occupational physician, to be effective, must have relevant information
such as mode and mechanism of toxic  action, freqeuncy and  severity of
exposure, and exposure concentration,  if known.   Some  of this  information
will be available in individual safety data sheets.  However,  this information
should be supplemented by the supervi sor when appropriate.

Biologic monitoring will sometimes be  a  useful method of detecting exposure
and perhaps, of estimating the degree  of exposure.  Biologic monitoring
usually involves the analysis of body  fluid or excreta   (usually  urine,
sometimes blood, rarely expired air) for the toxic substance or  a
biotransformation product.  An example is the detection  of reaction products
of biphenyl  amines in the urines of  persons absorbing  benzidine  or its
derivatives.  Even if exposure cannot  be quantitated, as is sometimes the
case,  the mere detection of the metabolite, if its presence is specific to
the individual toxic substance or class, is sufficient  to  indicate the need
for corrective action.

In some cases, especially with some  less well known  carcinogens, those in
the research laboratory will be better informed  on possible biologic
monitoring procedures than will the occupational  physician.   In  such cases,
the investigators should discuss the  possibilities with  the occupational
physician.  It may also be that specialized analytical  procedures and
equipment will be needed for some of this monitoring,  procedures and
equipment that may not be available to the  medical laboratory  but when are

                                   8-C-l

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available in the research laboratory.  The investigators  should  undertake
such monitoring procedures themselves only with prior approval  by  and
participation of the occupational physician.  This  is to  ensure  that
appropriate precautions will be taken; such as (1)  precautions  necessary to
data interpretation, such as standard corrections  for dilution of  urine,
(2) precautions for the individual, such as assurance that  invasive
procedures will not be used, and (3) precautions  for  the  individual's
privacy, such as maintenance of appropriate security  for  individual records.
                                  8-C-2

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                    APPENDIX D -  PRIMARY  CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT
1*  PUJ^PP-SJL'  T^e purpose of primary containment  equipment  is  to  protect
the laboratory worker from exposure to  vapors  or  aerosols of hazardous
materials that may be released by procedures performed within  the equipment.
Primary containment equipment that is properly designed, located,  maintained,
and operated can prevent or minimize the escape of  hazardous materials
from the equipment into the laboratory.   The laboratory fume hood, the
glove box, and the biological safety cabinet are  the principal  primary
containment equipment upon which laboratory  workers  depend  for  their
protection while working with toxic substances.

2.  LABORATORY FUME HOOD.  The laboratory fume hood  (a Class I  device)
is the primary hazard control device that laboratory workers depend upon
for their protection while working with  toxic  or  other hazardous  materials.
If designed, installed, operated, and maintained  properly,  the laboratory
fume hood will provide personnel with a  high degree  of protection and allow
the user to safely work with a wide range of potentially  hazardous
materials.

     a.  Hood Function.  The purpose of  a laboratory fume  hood is to
prevent or minimize the escape of contaminants from the hood into the
laboratory.  This is accomplished by drawing air past the  operator through
the zone of contaminant generation, and  into the  hood.

     b.  Conditions Affecting Hood Performance.  The ability of a laboratory
hood to control contaminants generated  in the hood  will depend on many
factors.  Of prime concern are the control velocity at the hood face,  air
movement in the room, turbulence within  the  hood  working  space, and hood
location.  It is the proper selection and control of these factors as  a
group that determines the performance of the hood from the  standpoint  of
hazard control.

         (1)  Face Velocity.  Air flow  rates,  to provide  protection from
operations performed in the hood, must  provide positive control of air
movement against competing influences.   Control velocities required at
the face of the hood range from 80 FPM  for "ideal"  laboratory  conditions
to 100 FPM for "good" conditions.  (See Appendix  8-D, subparagraph 2.c.)

         (2)  Operator Effect.  The operator standing in  front of the
hood may effect the air flow patterns.   The  "eddies" formed around the
operator can carry contaminants from the hood to  the operator's breathing
zone.   Proper use of make-up air at the hood face,  with  emphasis on
filling the void or minimizing the low  pressure area in front  of the
operator, is necessary for optimum hood performance,
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          (3)   Air  Movement  in the Laboratory.  Air movement within  the
 laboratory  affects the performance  of hoods and is influenced by  hood
 location  and  room  air supply systems.  Hood locations must  be away  from
 doors,  operable windows,  and pedestrian traffic.  Air from these  sources
 can  attain  velocities several times greater than the hood face velocity,
 creating  potential  fro dragout or displacement of contaminated air  from
 the  hood.   Ceiling and wall diffusers for distribution  of make-up air are
 also serious  potential sources of interference.   Air from such outlets
 should  either  be controlled to assist in the performance  of the hood  ir
 directed  so that the energy is lost before entering the zone of influence.
 Experience  indicates that air from make-up systems should not exceed
 25 FPM  in the  hood face  areas (measured with hood exhaust "off").   Air
 drawn from  adjacent areas (by the hood exhaust system)  must enter in  a
 manner  that does not create excessive turbulence.

          (4)  Hood Turbulence.   Upon entering the  hood, the air is  drawn
 past equipment and  sources of contamination toward the  exhaust slots.
 Much of the air within the hood is in a  turbulent  state.  At  air-flows
 greater than needed to provide a good vector and contain  the contaminant,
 the  resulting turbulence can be excessive causing  a "rolling  effect"  in
 the  hood chamber.   This  increases the potential  for greater mixing  of
 contaminated air and room air at  the hood face.   Often, a combination of
 poor hood arrangement and interior turbulence will result in  loss of
 contaminated air to the room.

         (5)  Hood Location.  Location of a hood at the end of room or
 bay,  where the operator is essentially the only  one who enters  the  zone
 of influence,  is the most desirable.  In any arrangement,  pedestrian
traffic past fume  hoods  should  be minimized.   Hood location parameters
 are  detailed in subparagraph 2.c.

     c.   Hood Location  Classification.

 "Ideal"  (1)  End  of room or bay, no nearby  doors  or windows.

         (2)  Essentially no pedestrian  traffic, other than hood operator.

         (3)  All  of the  required laboratory  hood  make-up air drawn or
              induced to  enhance  over-all  hood performance.   For example,
              a properly  designed and located perforated  ceiling section
              or well designed  auxiliary  air  hood  plenum.

         (4)  No  other  grilles  or diffusers  exist  that produce air  at
              measurable  velocities  in the hood  area.
                                  8-D-2

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 "Good"   (1)  Not on a main  aisle, no nearby doors or windows.

          (2)  Minimum traffic other than hood operator.

          (3)  Have air supplied to lab so velocity from diffusers or
               grilles does  not exceed 25 FPM in vicinity of hood.

 "Poor"   (1)  Any one or more of the above conditions are not met.

      d.   Additional  Specifications and Procedures.  Additional specification
 and performance  evaluation procedures for laboratory fume hoods can be
 found in:

          (1)  EPA Laboratory  Fume Hood Specifications and Performance
 Testing  Requirements,  available from the EPA of Occupational  Health and
 Safety Staff.

          (2)  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency Facilities Safety
 Handbook, Amendment  No.  1, available from the EPA  Facilities  Engineering
 and Real  Property Management  Branch.

 3.   CLASS II BIOLOGICAL  SAFETY CABINET.

 The Class II biological  safety cabinet is a primary containment device
 designed to  protect  the  laboratory work as  well  as the laboratory worker.

      a.  Cabinet  Function.  The Class II biological safety cabinet provides
 a blanket of clean air over the work, contains  air contaminants in the
 work  area, and conveys the contaminated air away from the operator.
 It  accomplishes these functions by combining recirculation with filtration
 and exhaust.  HEPA filtered air descends over the work surface and splits
 at  the center.  A portion of the downflow air exist through a front air
 intake grille, and the balance exits through a rear air exhaust grille.

The downflow air  is  reunified under the work surface and forced up through
 a rear or side positive  pressure plenum to the unit's top. Type A (30%)
or Type B (70%) of this air is filtered and  exhausted and the balance is
filtered and forced  down to blanket the work.  The make-up air (30% Type A
or 70% Type B) enters from the room through  the  front intake  grille and
sweeps by and protects the operator.   Total  exhaust Class II  biological
safety cabinets which have recently become  available presumably provide
high  personnel protection factors.

     b.  Conditions Affecting Cabinet  Performance.  The conditions that
affect cabinet performance are essentially  the  same as the conditions
that  affect  laboratory hood performance which were presented  in detail
in 2.b. above.   The operator  effect can  be  particularly pronounced since
the operator's arms  interfere with the reci rculating downflow air vector.
                                  8-D-3

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     c.  Additional Specifications and Procedures.  The  Occupational
Health and Safety Staff is developing standards  for these  cabinets  using
the EPA laboratory hood standard as a model.   Meanwhile, equipment
descriptions, recommended specifications and  certification procedures  can
be found in the following documents:

         (1)  Laboratory Safety Monograph,  A  Supplement  to the NIH
Guidelines for Recombinant DNA Research.  U.S. Department  of  Health and
Human Servi ces, Public Health Servi ce, National  Institutes of Health,
January 1979.

         (2)  National Sanitation Foundation  Standard No.  49.  National
Sanitation Foundation, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1976.

4.  GLOVE BOX.

     a.  The Glove Box, or Class III cabinet, is a  totally enclosed
ventilated cabinet of gastight construction.   Operations within  this
equipment are conducted through attached rubber  gloves.  When in use,  the
equipment is maintained under negative air pressure of at  least  0.5 inches
water gauge.  A small volume of supply air, to prevent contamination
build-up, is drawn into the equipment through a  HEPA  filter and  the
exhaust air is treated to prevent the discharge  of  contaminants  in  to the
environment.  This equipment provides the highest level  of personnel  and
environmental protection.

     b.  The Glove Box is generally recommended  for the  isolation of
procedures involving stock quantities of concentrated toxic substances.
Worker protection can be compromised by puncture of the  gloves  or accidents
creating positive pressure.  Flammable solvents  should not be used  in
this equipment unless a careful evaluation has been made to determine
that concentrations will  not reach explosive  levels.   When the use  is
determined safe, these materials should only  be  introduced into  the glove
box in closed, non breakable containers.  These  materials  should not  be
stored in the glove box.   Flammable gas should not  be piped to this
equipment.

The Class III cabinet is also described in paragraph  3.b.(5)  of  this
Chapter of the Manual.
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             APPENDIX E - SECONDARY CONTAINMENT FACILITIES FOR
                          HIGHER RISK STIUATIONS

1.  PURPOSE.  The purpose of  secondary containment facilities is to
provide the additional  engineering  controls  for  "higher  risk  situations",
as defined in paragraph 5.b.  of Chapter  8 of this Manual, in  order to
give added protection against spread  of  toxic  contamination into other
building areas in the event  of accidental release of toxic substance
within the containment area.   The major  components of  secondary containment
facilities are described in  this Appendix.

2.  SPECIAL HANDLING ROOM.  The  "Special Handling Room"  nust  be an enclosed
space dedicated for use with  the "higher risk  situations."  this room is
not to be used for other than "higher risk  situations" unless rigorous
decontamination is performed. Effluent  air  from any glove box and fume
hood located in the "Special  Handling Room"  nust pass  through a solvent
resistant HEPA filter and an  activated carbon  adsorber.  No water service
will be permitted in this room.  All  liquid  wastes will  be absorbed  and
then removed as solid wastes. This Room must  be maintained under negative
air pressure in relation to  all  adjoining areas  within the "Containment
Area."

3.  LABORATORY WORK AREA. A laboratory  work area adjoining the Special
Handling Room must be included in the "Containment Area."  This laboratory
work area will be used for moderate risk laboratory  operations and may
be used conventional or lower risk  laboratory  operations when it is  not
being used in conjunction with the  Special  Handling  Room for  higher  risk
situations.

4.  CHANGE ROOMS AND SHOWER  FACILITIES.  Dirty and clean rooms and shower-
out facilities must be provided  adjacent to  the  "Special Handling Room."
Duplicate facilities, for each sex,  are  encouraged.  However, for a  small
"Special Handling Room," one set of change/shower facilities  will be
acceptable if the entering and exiting  doors are electrically interlocked.

5.  TOILET ROOM.  A toilet room  with  water  closet, lavatory,  and manual
internal lock is  requi red within the  "Containment Area."

6.  AIR LOCK.  The conveyance of all  material  and personnel between  the
Containment Area  and the building  corridor  nust  be conducted  through  an
airtight vestibule.  Containment area must  be  maintained under negative
pressure in relation to the  corridor and adjoining building areas.   The
change room and shower facility  can serve as the air lock.
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         APPENDIX.F - PACKAGING,  MARKING,  LABELING, AND SHIPPING
                      OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES  USED BY LABORATORIES

1.  GENERAL PROVISIONS.  These procedures  apply to substances considered
toxic for this Manual (identified in Appendix 8-A) which  are  shipped
between laboratories or the field.   Applicable laboratories include any
EPA laboratory or private laboratory under contract with  EPA  to handle
these toxic substances.

     a.  Most of the toxic substances  identified  in Appendix  8-A are not
materials specifically identified in the Department of Transportation (DOT)
Hazardous Material Table (49 CFR  172.101).   Any material  listed in the
DOT Table should be transported according  to the table or according to
applicable DOT packaging exemptions  (e.g.,  a Poison B, n.o.s. can be
packed in Labelmaster, Inc.'s package  #38,  or Dow Chemical Co.'s Imbiber
Pack for shipment by Unied Parcel Service).  Substances that  are judged
to be environmental samples should be  shipped according to EPA national
guidance (Compliance with Department of Transportation Regulations in the
Shipment of Environmental Laboratory Samples, memorandum  by water media
DAAs, available from Occupational Health and Safety Staff).

     b.  Toxic substances may be  transported by rented or common carrier,
truck, bus, railroad, and by Federal Express Corporation* (air cargo);
but they may not be transported by any other common carrier air transport
or even by "cargo only" aircraft  other than Federal Express at this time.

     c.  If toxic substances are  transported by any type  of government-
owned vehicle, including aircraft, DOT regulations  are not applicable.
However, EPA personnel must still use  the  packaging procedures described
below.

2.  PRELIMINARY STEPS.  The following  procedures  should  be followed before
toxic substances are shipped:

     a.  Place a sufficient quantity of  the toxic substance in glass
and/or polyethylene containers to determine whether it will react with or
substantially reduce the effectiveness of  the  container.

     b.  Pack toxic substances according to  "Packaging, Marking, and
Labeling Requirements for Toxic Substances Used  by Laboratories."
   These procedures are designed to enable shipment by  entities  like
   Federal Express and should not be construed  as  an  endorsement  by
   EPA of a particular commercial carrier.
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 3.  PACKAGING,  MARKING AND LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES
     USED

      a.  Place the toxic substance in a 16-ounce* or smaller glass or
 polyethylene container with nonmetallic, teflon-lined screw cap.  Allow
 sufficient ullage (approximately  10% by volume) so container is not liquid
 full  at 130°F.   If an  air space in the  innermost container cannot be
 tolerated in order to  maintain sample integrity, place it within a second
 container which provides the required ullage.  If collecting a solid
 material, the container plus contents must  not exceed one pound net weight.

      b.  For toxic substances  which  are samples taken in the field, attach
 properly completed sample identification tag to sample container.

      c.  Seal the toxic  substance  container and place in two-mil-thick (or
 thicker) Polyethylene  bag,  one container per bag.  Plastic coated glass
 bottles with  polypropylene  caps, which  can satisfy a four-foot drop test,
 are currently  available  which  can  serve as  both the container and
 polyethylene  bag.   (Labels  and/or  tags  should be positioned to enable
 them  to be read.)

      d.   Place  sealed  bag  or plastic bottle inside a metal can with
 incombustible,  absorbent,  cushioning  material (e.g., vermiculite, coarse
 grade to minimize  dust),  one bag or  plastic coated bottle per can.
 Pressure-close  the  can and  use  clips, nylon reinforced  tape, or other
 positive means  to hold the  lid  securely, tightly, and effectively.

      e.   Mark and  label  this can as  indicated in 3.h. below.

      f.   Place  one  or  more  metal cans (or single one-gallon bottle*)
 surrounded with incombustible packaging material  for stability during
 transport, into a  strong  outside container, such a fiberboard box.

      g.   Mark and label the outside container and complete shipping papers
 (if required) as  described  in 3.h. below.
*  Larger capacity containers, up to one gallon,  may be used to toxic
substances with a flash point of 73°F or higher.   In this  case,  such
should be marked on the outside container (carton,  etc.) but only  a
single (one gallon or less) bottle may be packed  in an  outside  container.
Ten percent ullage and requirements 2, 5, 6, and  7  below must also be
followed.  On the shipping papers (if required) state that "flash  point
is 73°F or higher.
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     h.  Marking and labeling.   Use abbreviations only where specified
for DOT listed hazardous materials.  Place  the  following  information on
strong outside container,  either hand printed or in label form:

                      (Laboratory  name  and  address)

          Toxic Substance, Not  regulated  by DOT  (chemical name):

                          EPA  Laboratory  Sample

"THIS SIDE UP" or "THIS END UP" should  also be marked on the top of the
outside container,  and upward  pointing  arrows should  be  placed  on all
four sides of the exterior container.

     i.  Shipping Papers.   Shipping papers  are  not  required for toxic
substances which are not DOT listed hazardous materials.  Regulations for
shipping papers for DOT listed hazardous  materials  are presented in
49 CFR 172.200-204.
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                CHAPTER 9 - HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES RESPONSES

                            Table of Contents

PARAGRAPH                                              PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                 NUMBERS
Policy and Responsibilities 	   I
Program Requirements	   2
Work Practices Requirements	   3
                 APPENDIX A - SAMPLE SAFETY PLAN
                     APPENDIX B - REFERENCES

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                CHAPTER 9 - HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES  RESPONSE
 I.  POLICY AND RESPONSIBILITY.

     a.  Purpose.  This chapter establishes policy and  requirements,
and assigns responsibilities for the Agency occupational  health  and
safety program for EPA employees engaged In hazardous substances responses
 (herein referred to as responses).

     b.  Pol Icy.  The EPA is committed to providing safe and healthful
working conditions for EPA employees engaged In responses.

     c.  Background.  EPA Occupational Health and Safety Manual
Chapter 6, Executive Order 12196 and 29 CFR 1960.12 require the EPA
to adopt supplementary standards for application to working conditions
for which there exists no appropriate OSHA standard.  The EPA fulfills
this requirement for working conditions at responses by implementing
this chapter.  This chapter was originally envisioned as an adaptation  of
the "Safety Manual for Hazardous Waste Site Investigations" which was
drafted by EPA's National Enforcement Investigation Center  (NEIC) and
further developed by the NEIC, the Hazardous Waste Enforcement Task
Force, and the Occupational Health and Safety Staff (OHSS).  This
chapter establishes the agency's program but leaves EPA program offices
to prepare detailed guidance and procedures.

     d.  Discussion.  Response personnel must deal with the risk of
Incurring illness or Injury while conducting responses.  They cannot
anticipate every hazard, so they must take precautions to prevent
 Illness or Injury to themselves, other workers, and the public.

Since response personnel cannot eliminate risk, they must reduce it
to the lowest feasible level.  No set of rules can be uniformly applied
to every situation.  The On-Scene Coordinator or Superfund  Coordinator
 (OSC/SFC) must judiciously apply the requirements of this manual chapter
at each response site (herein referred to as site.) The OSC/SFC must
assess those variables peculiar to each response In order to establish
appropriate safeguards.

     e.  ResponsibI11 ties.

     (I)  Assistant Administrators  (AA), Regional Administrators (RA),
Laboratory Directors and others designated as Officers-in-Charge (OICs)
are responsible for:

          (a)  Implementing the requirements of this chapter for responses
conducted by employees of their reporting unit, and all establishments
and workplaces within their area of jurisdiction.
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           (b)  assuring that any OSC/SFC  conducting a response, and other
 involved programs and support staff,  are  qualified by training or experience,
 have the equipment to conduct the response safely, and plan a response
 which is safe to all concerned.

           (c)  assuring the completion of annual program evaluations.
 (See Paragraph 2.b.  of this Chapter.)

      (2)  Safety Committee.  The OIC  will  establish a specialized Response
 Safety  Committee, consisting of  EPA employees who do perform on-site
 activities,  that is  consistent with Chapter 5 of this Manual.

           (a)  aiding and  advising the OIC on policies and requirements
 for the reporting unit's  occupational  health and safety program for
 responses; and

           (b)  reviewing  site-specific or  generic Safety Plans (See 2.a.)
 prepared by OSCs/SFCs  and  forwarding them to the OHS  Designee.  The
 Response Safety  Committee  does not have approval authority.

      (3) Occupational Health  and Safety Designee (OHS Designee).   The
 OHS  Designee:

           (a)   is  responsible  to the OIC for developing,  organizing,
 directing, and evaluating  the  occupational health and  safety program for
 responses; and

           (b)  is  responsible  for coordinating accident reporting,  record-
 keeping  and often the medical  monitoring program.  (See Chapter 1,  Para-
 graph 3,  of this Manual for a  detailed description of  the OHS Designee's
 occupational   health and safety responsibilities.)

 OHS  Designees must either  have background and training in recognizing,
 evaluating, and controlling hazards at responses or  have  access to  this
 expertise.

     (4)  On-Scene Coordinator or Superfund Coordinator (OSC/SFC).   The
OSC/SFC  is responsible for:

          (a) selecting the  level of personnel  protection needed for
use at a response and assuring that the necessary personal  protective
equipment is   available before EPA employees are allowed to work on-site;
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           (b)   selecting safe work  practices and other controls at
 responses;

           (c)   preparing site specific or generic safety plans and
 any  needed  detailed procedures;  (See Paragraph 2.a. of this Chapter
 for  requirements,  and  Appendix A  for a Sample Safety Plan.)

           (d)   submitting site specific safety plans to the Response Safety
 Committee for  Its  review;  submitting the generic safety plan to the Safety
 Committee for  its  review well  in  advance of emergency responses;

           (e)   making  copies  of the approved safety plan available to
 all  affected program and supporting EPA personnel and provide copies to
 those  employees participating  in  specific responses;

           (f)   assuring that  EPA  employees are trained and certified In
 the  work  practices  required to ensure safety, and are Informed of the
 hazards associated  with  the response before they are allowed to work
 on-sfte  (In  compliance with EPA Order 1440.2, Paragraph 9);

           (g)   assuring that  EPA  employees are Included In the EPA
 Occupational Medical Monitoring Program and have undergone a baseline
 medical examination  before they are allowed to work on-slte (In compliance
 with EPA  Order  1440.2,  Paragraph  12);

           (h)   designating, If  support Is needed, one member of the response
 team as the  Site Safety  Officer,  and assuring that that person fulfills
 alI  responsibilities necessary  for safe operations;

           (I)   supervising the safety performance of the staff to ensure
 that the  required work practices  are used;

           (j)   arranging for  immediate medical attention for any Incident
 that results in  injury or overt exposure of personnel  to hazardous
 substances, and reporting the  incident to the OHS Deslgnee;

           (k)   assisting the OHS  Deslgnee In Investigating accidents;

           (I)   Investigating, and reporting in writing to the OHS Deslgnee,
 any  problem  pertaining to operation and implementation of safe work
 practices;

           (m)  correcting work errors and conditions that may result in  Injury
or exposure to hazardous substances;

           (n)  assuring  safe and healthful working conditions for all EPA
 employees at the response; and
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          (o)  informing non-EPA employees of the hazards and appropriate
measures to assure safe and healthful working conditions for these
employees.

      (5)  Site Safety Officer.  The Site Safety Officer, if one is designated,
is responsible for implementing the Safety Plan at the site.

      (6)  Employees.  Employees are responsible for:

          (a)  complying with the occupational health and safety program
established by this chapter for responses;

          (b)  reporting to their supervisors, or the Site Safety Officer,
any unsafe condition and all facts pertaining to Incidents whtch resulted
in employee injury or exposure to hazardous substances;

          (c)  reading and understanding the site-specific or generic
Safety Plan;

          (d)  carrying out responses in accordance with the s!te-*-$pecI f Ic
or generic Safety Plan; and

          (e)  participating In the medical monitoring program when this
Is a  formal  condition of employment.  (Employees are afforded certain rights
such  as requesting Inspections of working conditions and commenting on
Agency safety standards.  See Chapter 2, Paragraph 5, of this manual for
a detailed description of employee rights.)

      (8)  Director,Occupational Health and Safety Staff,  Under the
supervision of the Director, Office of Administration, the Director,
Occupational Health and Safety Staff, Is responsible for:

          (a)  reviewing and coordinating the occupational health and safety
programs developed by OICs for responses for consistency with this chapter
(See  I.e. (I).);

          (b)  evaluating responses for compliance with Agency policy and
requirements;

          (c)  informing responsible EPA officials of any problem areas;

          (d)  providing technical support;

          (e)  approving safety training courses; and

          (f)  establishing medical monitoring program requirements.
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                                                                       3/18/86


The Director, OHSS, Is the top technical  advisor for EPA on occupational
health and safety  issues for responses.

2.  PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

     a.  Site-Specific and Generic Safety Plans.  The OSC/SFC must
prepare and obtain approval of a site-specific or generic safety plan
(See Appendix A for a sample).  Only one generic safety plan, prepared In
advance and reviewed annually, is needed for all emergency responses.
The Response Safety Committee must review the safety plans and forward
them to the OHS Designee with comments.  The OHS Designee and the QIC
must approve the safety plans.  The OHS Designee must maintain the safety
plans on file and  available for distribution and forward Information
copies to the Director, OHSS.  The OHS Designee must keep the safety
plans, and other information describing the hazards of responses In a
file that is readily available to employees.

     b.  Eva Iuation.  The QIC must ensure that annual program evaluations,
including on-slte  inspections, of the occupational  health and safety
program for responses are conducted by persons with appropriate background
and training, and  that any deficiencies are corrected as soon as possible
(or Immediately If the deficiency Is an imminent hazard).  The OIC must
forward a copy of  the evaluation and abatement actions to the Director,
OHSS, for review.  The Director, OHSS, may conduct independent evaluations.

     c.  Accident  Reporting.  The OHS Designee must coordinate the
reporting of any incident involving injury or exposure to a hazardous
substance in accordance with the procedures detailed in Chapter 3 of this
manual.

     d.  Tralning.  The OIC must ensure that alI employees receive a
minimum of 24 hours of occupational health and safety training and
receive training by three days of field experiences with an experienced
employee before conducting responses.  The OHS Designee must  issue a
certificate to employees upon completion of the courses and field
experiences.  EPA  Order 1440.2, "Health and Safety Requirements for
Employees Engaged  in Field Activities", provides detailed training
requirements.

     e.  Emergency Procedures^.  The OSC/SFC must develop procedures
to protect personnel Fn case of emergencies at the site.  The procedures
should include notifying emergency and other affected personnel and the
locations and telephone number of the nearest emergency medical facility,
ambulance service, fire department, police department and Poison Control
Center.  The locations and telephone numbers of these emergency support
groups should be compiled in advance, if possible, of a response or
on-site at an early stage of a response.
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      f.  Medical Monitoring.  All  EPA employees working on site at a
 response must be included in the EPA medical  monitoring program.
 In addition, EPA employees must have undergone a baseline medical
 examination which provides a base to measure  adverse  health  effects of
 response activities and indicates  that  these  employees are physically
 capable of using physically demanding personal protective equipment.
 EPA Order 1440.2 "Health and Safety  Requirements for Employees Engaged
 i n Fi eld Activities" provides medical monitoring objectives  and require-
 ments;  EPA Medical  Monitoring Guidelines  provides detailed requirements
 of the program.

 3.   WORK PRACTICES  REQUIREMENTS

 The work practices  specified in this section  nust be used by all personnel
 at  responses.

      a.   Personnel  Practices.

          (1)   Protective Clothing.   Protective clothing mist be worn  by
 all  personnel while  on  a response  unless  sufficient data have been acquired
 to  enable  the OSC/SFC to make  an informed judgement that protective
 clothing is  not  needed.   In  the absence of clear indications that  work
 can proceed  safely  without protective clothing, required items includes
 chemically resistant pants,  jacket,  boots, gloves,  and hard hat or head
 cover,  and may include  a fully  encapsulating  chemical protective suit.
 Acquisition of protective  clothing and equipment must be in accordance
 with EPA Order 3100.1,  Uniforms, Protective Clothing and Protective
 Equipment.

         (2)  Use of Respiratory Protective Equipment. A respiratory
 protective equipment use  program must be  provided for response personnel
 who enter inhalation hazard  areas.   The program nust meet the requirements
 of the OSHA standard for  respiratory  protection,  29 CFR 1910.134,  and
 EPA Order 1440.3 "Respiratory Protection."  OHSS has provided additional
 guidance in the  "Respiratory Protection Program Guideline,"  available
 from OHSS.

         (3)  Heat Stress.  The OSC/SFC must establish a work/rest sche-
 dule to compensate for increased heat stress caused  by wearing protective
 clothing in hot weather.   Employees must  maintain this work/rest schedule
and replace perspired water and salt.

         (4)   Eye Protection.  Devices to provide appropriate eye  protection
must be worn on any response while in the contamination and  decontamination
zones (See Paragraph 3.b.(a) of this Chapter.) and  nust meet the require-
ments of EPA's Eye Protection Program Guidelines.
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      (5)   Forbidden Practices.  The following practices are forbidden on
 sites in  the contamination and decontamination zones (See 3,b.(a)):

           (a)   Smoking, eating, drinking, chewing gum or tobacco;
 applying  cosmetics; storing utensils, food, or food containers.

           (b)   Ignition of flammable liquids within, on, or through
 improvised heating devices (barrels, etc.) or space heaters.

           (c)   Approach or entry into areas or spaces where toxic
 or explosive concentrations of gases or dust may exist without wearing
 proper  equipment  to enable safe entry.

           (d)   Conduct  of  on-site operations without off-site backup
 personnel.   (The  OSC/SFC may waive the requirement for off-site backup
 personnel  for  sites which  have been repeatedly entered without harm or
 present minimal hazards.)

      (6)   Emergency Procedures.  All personnel mist initially flush the
 affected area  with  a  copious amount of water immediately after obvious
 contact with a hazardous substance.

      (7)   Personal  Hygiene.  All personnel, except for observers and
 others  designated  by  the OSC/SFC, must shower before entering clean
 areas after  having  been in contaminated areas.  If it is not feasible to
 have shower  facilities  available, such as for some emergency responses,
 personnel  nust avoid  contaminating the community after leaving the site
 and shower at  their first  opportunity.

     b.  Operational  Practices.

         (1)   Information  Review and Reconnaissance.  The safety plan for
 a  response must be  based upon a thorough evaluation of existing data and
 a  site  reconnaissance (See "Waste Disposal Site Hazard Assessment Manual,"
 available from NEIC.) and  should include a site map.  The information
 may reveal chemical hazards such as incompatible chemicals, toxic gases,
 explosives, etc.  Similarly, a perimeter inspection, aerial imagery, and
 an on-site reconnaissance,  may reveal  safety hazards.   Response personnel
will be able to specify more appropriate safety precautions as they get
 closer  to, and measure,  hazardous substances in air, runoff, groundwater,
soil,  spilled  material, barrels,  etc.

     (2)  Protection  Levels.  The OSC/SFC must determine the level
of protection  which is appropriate for each response.

     (3)  Zones.  Two or more zones must be established,  clearly
delineated, and posted at a site.
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           (a)  Decontamination Zone.   A zone must be established for
 decontamination  of equipment  and  personnel, and access control, just
 outside the area of  suspected contamination.  At least one employee
 wiI I  remain  in this  zone to:

               J_ Assist in emergency  removal of personnel from the site
 in the event  of  accident or injury.  The backup must have readily available
 protective clothing,  breathing apparatus and first aid equipment.

               2_ Assist in moving equipment, samples, and supplies.

               _3  Provide communication to emergency units.

               _4_ Assist in decontamination or removal of contaminated
 clothing  from the  Individuals emerging frcm the contaminated area.

               _5_ As  appropriate, prevent entry of unauthorized persons
 to the site while operations  are  underway.

               6_ Provide other assistance as necessary, but with the
 primary objective of  facilitating safe transfer of personnel and equipment
 to and from the affected area.

           (b)  ContamInat i on Zone(s).  The area(s) which contain, or are
 suspected of containing,  hazardous substances must be clearly delineated
 and posted.  The OSC/SFC may establish more than one contamination zone
 for areas of different levels of  hazard.  Only persons authorized by the
 OSC/SFC may enter a  contamination zone.

      (4)  Radioactivity,  Explosivity,  and Oxygen Deficiency.  AlI sites
 must  be checked for  radioactivity, explosivity, and oxygen deficiency
 during first entry unless OSC/SFC has  information to determine that
 these checks are unnecessary.  Normal  background radioactivity  is
 approximately 0.01  to 0.02 mR/hr.  Detecting levels of activity signifi-
 cantly greater than  normal background  Is cause for a very careful survey
 of the entire site;  if levels approaching 2 mR/hr are encountered, the
 advice of a competent health physicist must be sought before continuing
 operations on the site.   (EPA's Office of Air and Radiation has radiation
 specialists in each Region as well as  staff at HQ, EER-Montgomery and
 ORD-Las Vegas.)

 If explosivfty readings  greater than 10$ of the Lower Explosive Limit
 (LED are detected, very careful survey of the area must be made.  Readings
approaching or exceeding 25$ LEL are cause for Immediately withdrawing
 personnel  and notifying  emergency, fire, and explosion units.  The Project
 Leader must be consulted  before continuing operations.  Oxygen  levels
must be 19.5$ or greater.
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     (5)  Buddy System.  A minimum  of  two  employees,  in constant
communication* with each other,  are required  to perform any  work  in
contaminated zones.

     (6)  Sampling Procedures.   Sampling procedures  must  minimize the
risk of personnel  exposure to hazardous  materials  during  sampling,
packaging, shipping, unpacking,  and analysis  in the  laboratory.   Sampling
procedures must also minimize the risk of  exposure of others to spilled
or  residual waste materials.   Disposable sampling  equipment  should be
used whenever possible.

     (7)  Sample Handling in  Laboratories.  Samples  of  runoff,  ambient
air, or groundwater from a site  or  possibly affected  areas may  be moved
directly into laboratories and  handled with normal safety precautions
unless the OSC/SFC determines that  special handling  is appropriate.
Samples of liquid or solid substances  removed from containers  or  obviously
contaminated spill areas must be assumed to be  toxic  substances and
handled in compliance with Chapter  8 of  this  Manual.

     (8)  Respiratory Protective Equipment Selection. The OSC/SFC must
select respirators which are appropriate for  the inhalation  hazards  of
the responses.

     (9)  Sampling Equipment.  Sampling  equipment  used  on a  response
should be disposable if possible.   Sampling instruments and  other non-disposal
equipment should be kept clean  with disposable protective covers.  Scoops,
sampling tubes, and similar devices should be buried  on-site,  or  placed
in  plastic bags for disposal  or later  decontamination.

    (10)  Decontamination of  Equipment.  Equipment should be decontaminated
prior to leaving the site whenever  possible.   Equipment which  cannot be
decontaminated at the site must  be  double  bagged and  transported  to
another area for eventual decontamination.  When possible, verify complete-
ness of decontamination with  sniffers, swipe  tests,  or other appropriate
tests.

     (11)  Packaging and Shipping.   Hazardous substances  must  be  packaged  to
withstand shocks,  pressure changes, and  any other  conditions which might
cause the leakage of contents incident to  ordinary handling  during
transporation.  Shipments of  hazardous substances  must be in accordance
with DOT regulations.  (See Appendix B of  this Chapter  for guidance.)
* Radio contact must be maintained when visual  contact cannot be maintained.


                                   9-9

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     (12)  Leaving the Site.  Procedures for leaving the suspect contami-
nated area must be planned before entry.  Provision must be made for:
decontamination and safe packaging of protective clothing;  burial  or
safe packaging of disposable gear; handling of  samples and  preparation
of samples for shipment; transfer of equipment,  gear, and samples from
the "contaminated" area to the "clean" area; etc.  Sequences wiI I  depend
on several variables — such as self-contained  breathing apparatus
inside or outside of protective clothing — but  must be worked out in
advance.

     (13)  Site Monitoring Equipment.  Use direct reading instruments
(such as portable combustible gas and oxygen meters, photoionIzation
meters, gas chrcmatographs, infrared spectrometers, radiation survey
meters, and colorimetric detector tubes) for immediate evaluation  of
potential hazards.  The OSC/SFC must be aware of the limitation  of these
instruments for characterizing the hazards substances at the sites.
                                   9-10

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                         APPENDIX A - SAMPLE SAFETY PLAN
Assistance In preparing the safety plan can be obtained from the OHS

Designee	 located In Room	of  Bui I ding __	or

by telephoning 	.
REV IEW
     Response Safety Committee Chairperson

APPROVALS
     OSC/SFC
     OHS Designee

     QIC


PROJECT LEADER

     Branch

     Bu11di ng

     Room

     Phone

DATE OF PLAN PREPARATION
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE
Site Name                         Site No.
HAZARDOUS/SUBSTANCES (known or suspected, contamfnat ad
                      or in storage container, etc,,):

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HAZARD ASSESSMENT  (icxlc effects, reactivity, stability,  flammabiIity,
                  and operational hazards with sampling,  decontaminating, etc.):
MONI TOR ING PROCEDURES (If required by the Project Leader)

     Monitoring the site for identity and concentration of contamination
     in all  media:
     Medical  monitoring procedures for evidence of  personnel  exposure:
    Personnel  monitoring  procedures:
                                  A-2

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DECONTAMINATION AND DISPOSAL

     Decontamination Procedures (contaminated:  personnel  surfaces,
                                 materials, Instruments, equipment, etc):
     Disposal Procedures (contaminated equipment, supplies, disposable,
                          washwater):
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

     In event of overt personnel  exposure (skin contact,  Inhalation,
                                           IngestIon):
     In  event of personnel  Injury:
                                   A-3

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      In event of potential or actual fire or explosion:
      In event of potential or actual  ionizing radiation exposure:
      In event of environmental accident  (spread of contamination
     outside sites):
EMERGENCY SERVICES (complete here or have separate listavailable on-slte)

               Location                              TeIephone

Emergency Medical Facility
Ambulance Service
                                   A-4

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               Location                              Telephone

Fire Department
Police Department
Poison Control Center
PERSONNEL POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

     Personnel  Authorized to Enter site
          2.

          3.

          4.

          5.
                                   A-5

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     Other Personnel Assigned to Handle Hazardous Substances
     (decontaminate, analyze samples)
          2.

          3.

          4.

          5.
ALTERNATIVE WORK PRACTICES

     (Describe alternative work practices not specified in this Chapter.
     Indicate work practices specified in the Chapter for which proposed
     alternative work practices will serve as substitute.)
APPROPRIATE LITERATURE CITATIONS
LEVEL OF PROTECTION
SITE MAP

     (Attach a site map in advance of a response,  if possible,  or at
an early stage of an emergency response.  Map should be properly scaled
and keyed to local  landmarks.)
                                   A-6

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                         APPENDIX B - REFERENCES



    U.S.  EPA:  National  Guidance Package for Compliance with Department
    of Transportation Regulations in the Shipment of Environmental
    Laboratory Samples,  U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency (March 6,
    1981).
                                   B-1.

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                  CHAPTER 10 - EPA  DIVING  SAFETY  POLICY

                            Table of Contents

PARAGRAPH                                                      PARAGRAPH
 TITLES                                                        NUMBERS

Purpose	  1
S c op e	  2
Administration	  3
Policies	  4
Diver Training and Certification	  5
Di vi ng Operations	  6
                 APPENDIX 10-A - EPA  DIVING SAFETY RULES

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                  CHAPTER 10 - EPA  DIVING  SAFETY POLICY
1.  PURPOSE.  This Chapter establishes  Agency  policy  regarding  commercial
diving operations in accordance with  Department of Labor, Occupational
Safety and Health Administration regulations  at 29 CFR  1910,  Subpart T.
Its purpose is to assure that all  diving  operations,  performed  under the
auspices of EPA, are conducted in a safe  manner,  according  to uniform
procedures, and by sufficiently trained personnel.  This Chapter establishes
Agency procedures for developing and  administering such standard safety
practices.

2.  SCOPE.  The requirements and procedures  specified in  this Chapter
shall  apply to all diving operations  involving any project  of the Agency
and carried out by any employee, either temporary or  permanent, of  the
Agency during the course of his/her employment.   In addition, these
requirements shall also apply to any  visiting non-Agency  employee engaged
in a joint diving operation at, or under  the  auspices of, any Agency
facility to the extent that this person is not governed by  comparable
requirements of the Agency or institution that he/she represents.   This
Chapter applies, regardless of ownership  of  equipment,  and  any  equipment
used in conjunction with Agency diving  operations regardless  of ownership,
shall  conform to the provisions of this Chapter.  This Chapter  shall
apply  to any type of open circuit SCUBA diving operation, including but
not limited to:  research projects, monitoring projects,  sample collections,
or equipment maintenance, with the only exception being the handling of
an actual emergency situation.  It is not the intent  of tnese provisions
to delay or hamper an actual rescue operation; therefore, it  is the
responsibility of the Unit Diving Officer or Dive Supervisor  at the
scene  to determine the ultimate course  of action  during a particular
emergency and by doing so, must not aggravate the situation or  jeopardize
the safety of additional personnel.

3.  ADMINISTRATION.  The Assistant Admi nistrator  for  Admi ni strati on and
Resources Management broadly administers  the Agency's Diving  Safety
Program through the Occupational Health and  Safety Staff (O'ISS).

    a.  Designation.  The Occupational  Health and Safety  Staff, upon
the advice of the EPA Diving Safety Committee, shall  administer the
Agency's Diving Safety Program and coordinate safety  policy and
procedures.

    b.  EPA Diving Safety Committee.

        (1)  Composition.  The EPA Diving Safety  Committee  shall  be
composed of the following members:
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              (a)  Chairperson  selected  or voted on by Committee Members;
              (b)  Active EPA Diving Officers; and
              (c)  OHSS  Safety  Programs  Manager.

         (2)  Revisions.  All recommendations for revisions of the regu-
 lations must be agreed  upon  by the  EPA  Diving Safety Committee.

         (3)  Responsibilities.  The EPA Diving Safety Committee shall
 be responsible  for:

              (a)  Recommending policy and changes in operating procedures
 within  EPA that will  ensure  a  safe  and  efficient diving program;

              (b)  Reviewing  existing policies, Procedures, and training
 needs to  ensure a  continually  high  level of technical skills and know-
 ledge throughout the  EPA  diving program;

              (c)  Planning,  programming, and directing, in cooperation
 with the  OHSS,  matters  of policy pertaining to the initial certification
 of new  divers and  refresher  training of experienced divers;

              (d)  Recommending changes  in operating policy to the Director,
 Occupational Health and Safety Staff, the Assistant Admi nistrators,  and
 Regional  Administrators;

              (e)   Serving as an appeal  board in cases where a diver's
 certification has  been  suspended;

              (f)   Planning,  programming, and developing diver workshops,
 seminars,  and other activities  considered essential  to  maintaining a
 high level  of competency  among divers;

             (g)   Reviewing  EPA diving  accidents or potentially dangerous
 experiences and  reporting on preventive measures to ensure the avoidance
 or  reoccurrence of incidents;  and

             (h)   Meeting, at  least, annually to discuss recommendations
and proposed actions.

 In  addition, members may  participate in the Safety Officer/Designees
Annual  Meeting.

    c.   Diving Safety  Committee Chairperson.  The Committee wi11 select or
vote for a chairperson to represent  them and act as  focal  point on all
EPA divi ng activi ties.
                                   10-2

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         (1)   Qualification.   The Chairperson shall:

              (a)   Be a trained  diver with a wide range of experience;
              (b)   Be a currently certified EPA diver;
              (c)   Have a least  5 year's experience as a diver; and
              (d)   Have successfully completed a nationally recognized
 instructors  certification course or its equivalent.

         (2)   Responsibilities.

              (a)   Issue through OHSS, EPA Diver Certification to quali-
 fied  employees  based on recommendations and data from the unit diving
 officer;

              (b)   Coordinate  with OHSS, and the Diving Safety Ccmnn'ttee
 training  certification and other safety programs for divers;

              (c)   Confer with the OHSS Industrial Hygiene Manager on the
 approval  and  use  of  specialized breathing apparatus or mixture of gases;

              (d)   Review  and  initiate through OHSS, appropriate action
 on  recommendations made by the Diving Safety Committee;  and

              (e)   Remain  abreast of new diving techniques, procedures
 and  equipment.

    d.  Unit  Diving  Officer.

        (1)   Designation.  Unit Diving Officers shall be selected from
 various EPA installations which conduct diving operations.  These diving
 officers  shall  be  appointed by the installation director.

        (2)   Qualifications.  The Unit Diving Officer shall  be a trained,
 currently certified  diver experienced in the types  of diving conducted
 by the organizational  unit.

        (3)   Responsibilities.  The Unit Diving Officer shall be responsi-
ble, within the unit,  for:

              (a)  Ensuring that all diving gear and accessory equipment
be maintained in a safe operating condition;

              (b)  Ensuring the maintenance of equipment  files at the
reporting unit levels, to include type, brand name, serial  number, and
 repairs completed on  compressors, tanks,  regulators,  depth gauges,
pressure gauges, watches, helmets,  hoses,  pneunometers and decompression
meters;
                                  10-3

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             (c)  Ensuring that a competent Dive Supervisor  is  in  charge
of  the  diving  operations conducted by the unit's various  operations;

             (d)  Reporting immediately all  diving  related accidents
which occur within the unit on EPA Form 1440-9 and  other  appropriate
accident reports as outlined in Chapter 3 of this Manual  to  the
Occupational Health and Safety Staff through the local  Safety Officer/
Designee;

             (e)  Maintaining a file of each diver  in the unit,  or dele-
gating the responsibility to the Dive Supervisor.  Files  shall  include
but  not be limited to:  diving physical exams (subject  to the  requirement
of the Privacy Act of 1974), training records, letters  of certification,
and  monthly dive logs, etc; and

             (f)  Dive plan/log information.

     e.  Dive Supervisor.

        (1)  Designation.  Depending on the unit organization,  a Dive
Supervisor will be assigned for each operation by the Unit Diving  Officer

        (2)  Qualification.  The Dive Supervisor shall  be a  currently
certified diver experienced in that specific type of  diving.

        (3)  Responsibilities.  The Dive Supervisor shall be in complete
charge of the individual  diving operation as a member of  the dive  team
at the location of the dive, and shall be responsible for and  ensure
that:

             (a)  All diving operations are conducted safely  in accord-
ance with prescribed EPA diving safety rules and regulations;

             (b)  All divers are certified,  properly  trained,  and
physically fit  to perform the required diving, and  that the  prescribed
files on the divers are maintained if the responsibility  has been
delegated by the Unit Diving Officer;

             (c)  All equipment is in a safe operating  condition,  and
that the required records are maintained as  directed  by the  Unit Diving
Officer;

             (d)  Dives are terminated when, in The Diver Supervi sor's
opinion, significant cant environmental, personal,  or equipment problems
are encountered and emergency aid is summoned;

             (e)  Emergency procedures are understood by  all personnel
prior to diving;
                                   10-4

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             (f)  All  divers are monitored  after  each dive  for symptoms
of decompression sickness; and

         (3)  He/she is knowledgeable in the dive  plan and  overall
operation to be performed.

    f.   Individual  Diver.

         (1)  Designation.  Individual divers shall  be certified  by  the
EPA Diving Safety Committee Chairperson upon recommendation from the Unit
Divi ng Officer.

         (2)  Qua! ifications.  Divers shall  be sufficiently  trained  to
undertake the assigned diving tasks.

         (3)  Responsibilities.  The individual  diver shall  be  responsible
for and ensure that:

             (a)  A good physical condition and a high  level of  diving
proficiency are maintained;

             (b)  The equipment is in a safe operating  condition;

             (c)  Diving conditions are safe;  and

             (d)  The dictates of training  or diving regulations are not
violated.

    g.  Tender.

         (1)  Designation.  The Dive Supervisor will  select the Tender
to be used for a specific dive.   The Tender's  name  will appear  on  the  Dive
Plan/Log and will,  therefore, be approved beforehand by  the Unit Diving
Officer.

         (2)  Qual ifications.  The Tender need not be a  currently EPA
certified diver, but must, in the opinion of the  Dive Supervisor and the
Unit Diving Officer, have sufficient knowledge of basic first  aid,
swimming, life saving, boat operation and other procedures  to  be used in
an emergency.

        (3)  Responsibilities.  The Tender  will perform the following:

             (a)  Assist  the divers, as requested,  in putting  on or
taking off equipment;

             (b)  Record in writing the "down" and "up"  times  of all
divers on the team;
                                 10-5

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              (c)  Maintain a constant visual  observation of the diver's
 exhaust bubbles and,

                   _1  warn off boat traffic which  may  pose  a hazard to
 the submerged divers;

                   2_  in larger vessels,  advise the  vessel  operator as
 to the location of the divers and their  readiness for being retrieved;

              (d)  Assist the divers,  as  requested,  in exiting the water;
 and

              (e)  Perform no other concurrent  function which will inter-
 fere with  the conduct  of the above duties.

 4.  POLICIES.

     a.   Individual  Diver Responsibility.   Each  diver has the responsibility
 and privilege to refuse to dive  if diving  conditions are unsafe or unfavor-
 able;  if at any specific time,  the diver feels  that he or  she is not in
 good physical  or mental  condition  for diving; or if by diving, the diver
 would violate the dictates of training or  these regulations.  The conditions
 and reasons for refusing to  dive  may be required to be documented.  If
 requested  the incident will  be reviewed by  the  officer in  charge of the
 Reporting  Unit  with the Unit Diving Officer and diver, and appropriate
 action  may be taken.   Any  action  resulting  from this review may be appealed
 to the  EPA Diving  Safety Committee.

     b.   SCUBA Diving Teams.   Except under  emergency conditions, the buddy
 system  of  at  least two (2) divers  will always be required.   In the event
 that diving is  shallow  within a  restricted  area, with water conditions
 of low  velocity  and turbidity, the  buddy diver may remain at the surface
 fully equipped,  maintaining  visual, verbal   and/or physical  contact with
 the  working diver at all times.  A  surface  attendant shall  be  in the
 immediate  area  any time  diving conditions  require it.

     c.  Diver Proficiency.   EPA certified divers should  complete and
 record  an  average  of at  least two  (2) diving days per month.  Any time
 six  (6) weeks or more elapses without a dive, the diver  should complete
 a  requalifying  program.  Any  time  three (3) months or more elapses without
 a  dive, the diver must complete a  requalifying program before  resuming
work dives.  The EPA Diving  Safety  Committee Chairperson, with the advice
of the Diving Officer or designee, shall  specify the requalifying program.
This requirement may be waived by  the official  in charge of the project,
program, or Reporting Unit during emergency conditions.   A  memorandum
 requesting such  a waiver rrust be submitted  to the Director, Occupational
Health and Safety Staff, through the Unit Diving Officer for review by
the EPA Diving Safety Committee.  Supervisors will authorize the necessary
time and payment for qualifying dives if  diving is required for official


                                    10-6

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                                                                    1440
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program activities.   Diving  equipment will be available during non-duty
hours for purposes of maintaining  diver  proficiency.

5.  DIVER TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION.

    a.  Training.
        (1)
completed a
             Basic.  All prospective  EPA  divers  must  have  successfully
            basic diver training  course offered  by one of  the nationally
recognized private agencies (e.g.  NAUI, PAD I,  YMCA, NASDS)  or by  the
U.S. Navy.  Training courses given  by colleges or universities must be
approved for content by the EPA Diving Officer before being accepted
for this requirement.

        (2)  National Oceanic and  Atmospheric  Administration  (NOAA)
Trai ni ng.   All  working divers,  senior divers and diving  instructors
shall attend the NOAA "Diving Accident Management" class within  1 year
of adoption of this Chapter.

    b.  Medical  Requirements.

        (1)  Prior to acceptance  for  initial diver training or certifi-
cation,  and annually thereafter,  each diver shall be  required to  undergo
a diving physical examination.   The individual diver  shall  provide the
examining  physician with the following listed  NOAA medical  forms, as
appropriate, in order to ensure an examination appropriate to diving
activities:

             (a)  NOAA Form 64-5,  Part I,  Medical Evaluation Criteria;
             (b)  NOAA Form 64-5,  Part II, Diving Fitness  Medical
Evaluation Report;
             (c)  SF-78, Certification of Medical Examination (Civilian
Personnel);
             (d)  SF-88, Report of Medical Examination (Commissioner
Personnel); and
             (e)  SF-93, Report of Medical History.

        (These forms are available  from the local Safety Officer/Designee.)

        (2)  Upon receipt of the  completed medical documents  from the
examining  physician, the individual diver  is responsible for distribution
of these forms  as follows:

             (a)  Forward signed  originals of  SF-78 to the EPA Diving
Safety Committee Chairperson through  the  Unit  Diving  Officer, with copies
to OHSS;
                                   10-7

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         (4)  A written statement  of the Unit Diving Officer's evaluation
of the overall qualifications and performance  of  the prospective diver;

         (5)  An EPA certification issued  by the Unit Diving Officer
in one of the following categories:

             (a)  Trainee Diver.   A diver who  has  completed a basic
SCUBA diver training course but has performed  fewer than 15 open water
dives.   Diver Trainees may not be paired  together  to form a dive team nor
may they perform working dives.  They  may accompany a working diver as a
buddy on dives involving a simple task, at the discretion of the Unit
Diving Officer.

             (b)  Working Diver.   A diver who  has  completed a least
15 open water dives, but who otherwise may have limited or infrequent
experience or at the judgment of  either the EPA or Unit Diving Officer
should be restricted in his/her activities.  A limited diver may perform
working  dives within his/her restriction  or abilities.

             (c)  Senior Diver.  A diver  who has demonstrated a high
level of competence, good judgment, and considerable experience and who
has logged at least 100 dives. The senior diver shall be capable of
serving  as the Dive Supervisor on a  given dive.

         (6)  At the recommendation of  the Unit Diving Officer, along
with supporting documentation, the EPA Diving  Safety Commi ttee Chai rperson
will  issue new classifications as appropriate.

    d.   Reciprocity.  In order to encourage and facilitate joint operations
between EPA facilities and neighboring colleges,  universities, private
institutions, or other government agencies, the Unit Diving Officer may
approve such dive plans upon inspection of the credentials of the prospec-
tive non-EPA diver, providing the criteria for certification of that
diver by the institution he/she represents is  comparable to those in
this Manual.  The visiting diver  nust  also have permission from his/her
diving officer and must be covered by  an  accident  insurance plan by
his/her  institution.  Questions in this matter should be directed to  the
EPA Diving Safety Committee.

6.  DIVING OPERATIONS.

    a.  Certification.  Each diver who is an employee of the U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency must have an  EPA certification at the level  of
the dive being conducted.  Each non-EPA diver  engaged in a dive under the
auspices of any EPA facility must have a  certification comparable to  EPA
certification from the institution he/she represents on file with the Unit
Diving Officer.
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     b.  Limits.

         (1)  All  dives shall  employ  open  circuit SCUBA using ccmpressed
 air unless otherwise specifically  approved by the Unit Diving Officer
 i n writing.

         (2)  All  dives shall  be within the no decompression limits as
 specified  in the  U.S.  Navy  Decompression Tables.  When there is a need
 for dives  beyond  this  limit the dives must be approved in advance
 by the Diving Safety Committee.

         (3)  No solo diving will be  permitted.

         (4)  No diving will be  conducted without the submittal  and
 authorization of  a  Dive Plan.

         (5)  No dive exceeding  the 130 foot depth will be permitted in
 the absence of  a  working decompression chamber attended by  trained
 personnel.

         (6)  Cave and  under ice  diving will generally not be permitted.
 Submit  all  requests  for special dives to the Unit Diving Officer and
 forward copies  to the  Diving Safety Committee Chairperson.

         (7)   Dives  in  waters of great depths,  where  the diver is not  in
 visual  contact  with  the bottom  (over bottom dives) and where a diver
 could  lose  his/her orientation or descend beyond safe limits,  will  be
 conducted with  some  provision for  direct contact with the surface such
 as  a buoyed weighted line with depth markings.

     c.   Dive  Teams.  A  standard SCUBA diving team shall consist of a
 minimum  of  three  members:  the Dive Supervisor,  the  diver buddy, and  the
 Tender.  Some situations may require a third diver in the water, but  at
 no  time  shall any diver in the water lose visual  or  tactile  contact with
 at  least one  other  diver.   If such contact is  lost,  all divers  must
 immediately surface.   In the situation  requiring diving from a  boat, the
 vessel  operator's  principle responsibility is  for the safety of his/her
 vessel and  its occupants.  Hence, depending on the size of the  vessel
 and  the  conditions,   it  may be deemed inappropriate by the Unit  Diving
Officer, the Dive  Supervisor,  or the vessel  operator,  for the  latter to
 serve also  as the Tender.  When this is  the case,  the Dive Supervisor
will advise the vessel  operator as  to the safety precautions  specified
 in  this Chapter.  At the discretion of  the Unit  Diving Officer,  a single
diver may enter the  water if line tended  from  the  surface.   However, a
 fully equipped stand-by diver mist  be at  the dive  site ready  to give
 immediate assistance.
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     d.  Equipment.   All  items of equipment shall be visually and opera-
 tionally inspected  before each actual use and mist be in proper operating
 condition.   All  dive team members shall be familiar with their use.  The
 following equipment shall be present at the dive site for all dives.

         (1)   Personal  equipment.

              (a)  Flotation/Buoyancy Compensation Device - Each diver
 must  wear an adequate  flotation device capable of being filled by at
 least two methods.

              (b)  Tank  Harness and Weight Belts - must have a quick
 release  mechanism.

              (c)  Tank  Pressure Gauge - must be worn at all times and
 monitored frequently.

              (d)  Depth  Gauge - shall be worn by each diver when diving
 in  unfamiliar territory,  at  unknown depth, in areas of great tidal
 fluctuation,  in  areas  of  uneven bottom, or under any other conditions
 which  might  cause the diver  to exceed his/her planned depth.  It is
 recommended  that  a  depth  gauge be worn during all diving operations.

              (e)  Diving  Watch - shall  be worn by each diver in situations
 where  there  is any  likelihood of exceeding the no decompression limit.

              (f)  Decompression Meter - shall  not be used in lieu of
 proper planning  of  the  dive  and timekeeping at the dive site.

              (g)  Compass  -  shall  be worn by each diver.  Divers can
 become disoriented  in direction at any  depth.

         (2)  Support Equipment.

              (a)  Dive Flag  - an appropriate dive flag shall be shown at
 all times.  This is especially critical  while  actively diving in areas
 subject  to boating  or other  hazardous traffic or when required by local
 regulation.  An appropriate  dive  flag is a square red flag with a white
 diagonal   stripe at  least  12" square (depending on the size of the
 vessel)  in all waters except those frequented  by international  traffic.
 In this  case, the international  code flag "Alpha" will be used in
 addition  to the dive flag.   In any case, divers  will  make every effort
 to avoid   diving in  areas  in which  traffic would cause a safety hazard.

             (b)  First Aid Kit  -  shall  be approved by the Unit's
physician who performs the annual  physicals.   A copy of the American
National  Red Cross publication.  Standard First Aid  and Personal Safety
shall be   included and a copy of  the NOAA/Sea Grants Book, First Aid for
Boaters and Divers.   Also emergency oxygen should be  on  board.


                                10-11

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             (c)  Ladder - shall  be provided  when diving from a vessel,
dock or other surface where elevation above the surface  of  the water
presents a difficulty to the diver.  The ladder must extend sufficiently
below the surface of the water to support the diver while still in  the
water.

             (d)  Safety Plan - a copy of this Diving Safety Chapter,
the U.S. Navy Decompression Tables and emergency aid information shall
be present at each dive site.

             (e)  Communications - at each dive site, shore or  vessel,
located beyond the range of other reasonable  voice communication, a
2-way radi o wi 11 be provided for use in summoning emergency aid.

             (f)  Additional support tanks -  should be on board and  be
available.

             (g)  Underwater transponder/comnunicator should be on
board.

    e.  The Dive PI an/Log.  Divers are required to log all  dives.   The
EPA Diving Plan/Log will be initiated by the  prospective Dive Supervisor
desiring to conduct a dive and submitted to the Unit Diving Officer for
approval.   After the dive is completed, details of the dive will be
recorded and the Dive Supervisor will certify that the regulations  of
the Manual were adhered to and submit it each month to the  Unit Diving
Officer.
                                  10-12

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 OCCUPATIONAL  HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL


                     APPENDIX A - DIVING SAFETY  RULES

 1.  Certification.  Each diver nust have a valid EPA certification  or
 EPA equivalent.

 2.  Solo Diving.   No one may dive unattended.

 3.  Depth Limits.  Dives shall not exceed 130  feet.  Proposals  for  planned
 dives  to depths  greater than 130 feet will require written approval  by
 the Unit Diving  Officer or designee.

 4.  Decompression Tables.  Decompression tables  should be copied for use
 by a photographic method which reproduces an exact copy.   If  this method
 is not available, then the hand copied schedules should be checked  for
 accuracy and  signed by several persons.

 5.  Decompression Dives.  Diving activities which exceed the  limits  of
 no-decompression must be approved in  advance by  the EPA Diving  Committee.

 6.  Over-Bottom  Dives.  Dives in waters  where  a  diver  could sense a  loss
 of orientation or descend below safe  diving depths are to be  considered
 over-bottom dives.  No over-bottom dives shall be made unless some  direct
 contact with  the surface is maintained,  such as  net web,  a marked line
 suspended from a surface float, or depth gauges  for all participants,
which permits the diver to determine  whether ascension or descension
 occurs.  All  such divers must be equipped with a buoyancy compensating
 device.

 7.  Boat Tending.  During dives beyond swimming  distance from shore or
those in areas of strong currents, a  small boat  with a qualified operator
wil 1 tend the diver.

8.  Recompression Chamber.  The location, availability and telephone
number of all accessible and operable recompression chambers  shall  be
maintained by the dive supervisor who instructs  the dive team.

9.  Emergency Procedures.  The Unit Diving Officer, with  the  approval of
the EPA Diving Safety Committee,  will prescribe  emergency procedures to
be used in handling diving-related accidents in  the operational  area,
and all divers shall be familiar with these procedures.  All  emergency
lists  and procedures shall  be available  at the dive location.

10.  First Aid Training.  All divers  should have appropriate  Fi rst  Aid
and CPR training.
                                  10-A-l

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 11.  Equipment.

     a.  Life Support.  Open circuit SCUBA using compressed  air  shall
 be standard.  Other types of equipment (i.e.,  surface-supplied  diving
 equipment, closed-circuit rebreathers, semiclosed units  or  other types
 of diving apparatus utilizing gas mixtures)  may be  approved for use
 by the Diving Safety Committee Chairperson.   Individuals  requesting  use
 of closed-circuit rebreathers, semiclosed units,  or other types of
 equipment must have been trained and qualified in the  use of such
 equipment.  Dive supervisors shall  also be trained  in  the use of such
 equipment and shall be ready to assist in case of an emergency.

     b.  Harness and Weight Belt.   All  harness  and weight belts  must
 have a quick release,  operable by a single motion by either hand.

     c.  Flotation Device.   Each  diver  shall  wear  an adequate inflatable
 vest or other flotation device.

     d.   Compass.   An underwater compass shall  be  carried by each diver
 when,  in  the opinion of the  Dive  Supervisor, lack of underwater orientation
 is likely  to occur and may create a hazard.

     e.  Depth Gauge.   One  underwater depth gauge  shall  be carried by
 each  diver when diving in  an area of unknown depth  or  an area of uneven
 bottom contours when a diver might  reasonably  exceed the planned dive
 depth.

     f.  Decompression  Meter.   Use of decompression  meters will  be authorized
 only  by the  Diving Safety  Committee Chairman.   Decompression meters will
 not  be  used  for dives  which  require decompression stops.   Decompression
 meters  can be used as  an alternative method of  determining the allowable
 time  at depths  before  a decompression  stop is  required.  In all cases at
 least two  meters  must  be used  simultaneously with the more conservative
 meter  used to determine the  allowable  dive time.  Decompression meters
 must be recalibrated every eighteen (18) months by a qualified technician.

    g.  Diving Match.   A diving watch  shall  be  worn by  each member of a
 diving team.

    n«  Diving Flag.   A diving flag shall be shown while  actively  diving
 in areas subject to boating or other hazardous  traffic.

    i.  Air Compressor.  No  person  shall operate  a SCUBA  air compressor
without having first read the instructions and  assisted an  operator
experienced  in its  operation.  An operational log shall be maintained
EPA SCUBA compressors.
                                  10-A-2

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12.  Equipment Maintenance.  All  diving  gear  and  accessory  equipment
shall be maintained in a safe operating  condition.   Manufacturers  recom-
mended servicing policy shall  be  followed.   Equipment  in  questionable
condition shall be repaired,  overhauled,  or discarded.   All  regulatory
valves, depth gauges,  and decompression  meters  must  be  critically
examined, calibrated,  or checked  for accuracy  by  a  competent mechanic
or appropriate specialist every eighteen  (18)  months.   A  record  of
the inspection and repair will be filed  with  the  Unit  Diving
Officer.

13.  Air Tank Inspection and  Testing.  The  interior of  all  cylinders must
be visually inspected  annually by a  trained person;  cylinders  shall  be
hyd rostatical ly tested at least every  three (3) years.   The date of  the
last test must be recorded on  the tank.

14.  Air.  Tanks shall be charged only with air certified as meeting
established air standards.
                                  10-A-3

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