METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING EXPOSURE TO
\RSENIC, BERYLLIUM, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM, AND NICKE
FROM COAL AND OIL COMBUSTION
-------
DCN No. 84-231-055-31-01
Radian No. 231-055-31
EPA Contract No. 68-02-3515
Work Assignment No. 31
METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING EXPOSURE TO
ARSENIC, BERYLLIUM, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM, AND NICKEL
FROM COAL AND OIL COMBUSTION
Technical Note
Prepared for:
Mr. Warren D. Peters
Technical Project Officer
Pollutant Assessment Branch (MD-12)
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
Prepared by:
Radian Corporation
3200 Progress Center
P. 0. Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
September 1984
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this technical note is to present the results of a
6-week study, conducted by Radian Corporation, that assessed the level of
public exposure to certain trace metals emitted from the combustion of coal
and oil fuels. The trace metals included in the analysis are arsenic,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel.
The basis for this exposure assessment study arose in connection with
arsenic emissions and EPA's recent NESHAP regulatory program to control
arsenic. In 1980 an EPA contractor performed a study entitled, "Human
Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic," which estimated national arsenic
concentrations resulting from arsenic emissions from several source
categories including coal and oil combustion. The ambient concentration
levels of arsenic estimated to be attributable to combustion sources were
judged by EPA to be minor and below a level of significance established by
the Agency. As a result of these estimates, no further exposure assessment
or regulatory development was conducted for the coal and oil combustion
source category for arsenic (or any other trace metal).
In July of 1983, the EPA proposed NESHAP's for several source
categories of inorganic arsenic and coal and oil combustion sources were not
addressed. However, during the public review segment of the inorganic
.arsenic standards setting process, several commenters questioned EPA's
exclusion of coal and oil combustion sources from regulation because this
source category is acknowledged to have relatively high nationwide arsenic
emissions. In response to these comments on arsenic and the recognition
that a similar situation could occur with other trace metals from the coal
and oil combustion source category, EPA determined that further assessment
of national exposure to trace metals from this source category was
warranted. Radian Corporation was contracted by the Pollutant Assessment
Branch of EPA to conduct these further analyses.
-------
The objectives of the additional Radian analyses were to:
(1) Assess the methodologies available to estimate nationwide exposure
to the selected trace metals from coal and oil combustion and
select the one that is most feasible to use for this analysis
considering the time and budgetary constraints of the project.
(2) Develop the data necessary to implement the exposure methodology
selected as the most feasible.
(3) Conduct a national exposure analysis to estimate the exposure and
risk to arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel from
coal and oil combustion sources using the methodology and data
developed in objectives 1 and 2.
The approach used to address these objectives is discussed in the next
section.
2.0 METHODOLOGY FOR NATIONAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
Exposure assessments can be relatively simple or complex to perform
depending on the number of sources involved and the type of dispersion model
chosen to predict ambient concentrations. Generally, the fewer the sources,
.-the easier it is to use relatively complex dispersion models that
incorporate site specific meteorological and terrain data. An analysis of
trace metal emissions and the resultant exposure from coal and oil
combustion sources is very complicated due to the large number of individual
sources involved. Because of the large number of total sources in the
utility, industrial, commercial, and residential sectors, optimal
methodologies involving analyses of individual sources are infeasible in
this short project. A pi ant-by-plant analysis for even the utility coal and
oil combustion sector, the smallest in terms of total number of sources
(about 5,500), is not feasible even using a simplistic dispersion model.
-------
The main problem besides the number of sources, is the lack of an organized,
central data base on all sources in the sectors. Data bases do exist for
the utility combustion sector (which is probably the best characterized
sector); however, only about 20 percent of the sources are included.
A surrogate to the plant-by-plant approach would involve developing
"model plants" for each combustion sector to represent the range of plants
found in the sector. An exposure assessment could be conducted for the
model plants and the results of the assessment extrapolated to the total
population of real plants in each combustion sector. This approach is also
very time intensive in that it requires a thorough analysis of each coal and
oil combustion sector in order to determine how many models are required and
how the models should be designed. This type of an approach was not
feasible given the time constraints of this project.
Based on discussions with the Project Officer and the EPA project team,
an approach or methodology was selected to assess trace metal exposure and
risk from combustion sources that is much broader than individual plant or
model plant approaches. The approach followed in the Radian analysis is
based on using actual coal and oil consumption data for each combustion
sector (to determine trace metal emissions by State) and the Area Source
Module of the Systems Applications Human Exposure and Risk (SHEAR) model.
(The SHEAR model is described in Appendix A.) In this approach, emissions
-from each combustion sector within a State are distributed equally over the
area and population of the State to determine an exposure and risk estimate.
The results for each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia are
summed to estimate the nationwide exposure and risk from each of the four
combustion sectors. The dispersion.algorithm in the SHEAR model is used to
calculate exposure. Risk is determined by applying unit risk factors
developed by EPA to the population exposure results.
The Area Source Module of SHEAR was selected to be used in this
approach because specific plant or model plant data could not be collected
-------
for all the sources in this anlaysis. Because the number of residential and
commercial sources is so large and the sources so widely distributed, it was
assumed that these categories function as continuous emissions sources over
the entire area of the analysis (in this case a State). For consistency, it
made sense to treat the utility and industrial sources in the same manner
even though they do not conform well to the definition of area source in the
model. Because their number is much less, the emissions of utility and
industrial sources do not equally impact an entire State (in terms of
distribution and population contact) as much as commercial and particularly
residential sources.
The specific manner in which the algorithms of the SHEAR Area Source
Module were used to assess national exposure and risk from combustion
sources is summarized below.
It should be noted that another exposure and risk assessment is
presented in this technical note in addition to the assessment conducted by
Radian. The additional exposure and risk data were developed by EPA using
input data (i.e., fuel use, emissions, etc.) generated from the Radian
analyses. The EPA analysis, however, was conducted using a computerized
census data base that allowed for exposure and risk analyses to be conducted
on a more detailed county-by-county basis instead of a State-by-State basis.
The exposure and risk results produced by this analysis are generally a
-refinement on the results of the State-by-state approach because an attempt
is being made to place emissions and people together in the areas where they
actually occur rather than distributing them equally across a State. A
summary of the EPA anlaysis approach and results is presented in Section 5.0
of this technical note.
Inputs to the SHEAR Model
As described above, the analysis conducted to determine the nationwide
exposure and risk impact of trace metals from combustion sources primarily
-------
used the dispersion algorithm of the SHEAR Area Source Module. Because only
the dispersion algorithm was used and not the entire contents of the Area
Source Module data base, Radian did not have to use the EPA Univac computer
to run the exposure and risk assessment. Instead, the dispersion algorithm
and the necessary data inputs were programmed onto LOTUS data files using a
personal computer. All the exposure and risk calculations were performed on
the personal computer. The primary inputs needed to conduct these anlayses
are:
population of each State modeled,
a national average wind speed,
a pollutant emission rate per unit area for each State, and
unit risk factor for each pollutant under study.
The population of each State was determined from a compilation of 1980
data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The national average wind speed
used in all calculations was assumed to be 4.0 m/sec. The pollutant
emission rates per unit area were calculated for each State using the
following data:
coal and oil consumption data for 1980 from DOE statistics,
pollutant emission factors developed from actual combustion source
tests reported in the literature, and
the land area of each State.
The derivation of each of these types of data related to the unit emission
rate is described as follows.
Coal and Oil Consumption -
Coal and oil consumption data were taken from a Department of Energy
(DOE) tabulation of energy use organized by State and by combustion sector
2
(residential, commercial, industrial, utility). The energy use data
-------
reported by DOE were for 1980. The total coal consumed in each sector in
each State was assumed to be combusted for fuel. Although the DOE
compilation included consumption of all petroleum products, kerosene,
distillate, and residual oil consumption were totalled to represent fuel oil
combustion in each sector for each State.
Pollutant Emission Factors -
Emission factors for the emission of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium,
chromium, and nickel from the combustion of coal and oil are presented in
Table 1. Factors were developed for utility, industrial, commercial, and
residential combustion of coal and oil. Factors for coal combustion in
utility and industrial boilers assume current control levels. Other factors
are uncontrolled because oil combustion and commercial and residential coal
combustion sources are typically uncontrolled. The data and methods used to
derive the emission factors are summarized below.
Utility Combustion of Coal. Uncontrolled emission factors for the
combustion of various types of coal in various types of boilers were
obtained from the CCEA report. For each element, there were emission
factors for the combustion of bituminous coal in pulverized dry-bottom,
pulverized wet-bottom, cyclone, and stoker units. Emission factors for
lignite and anthracite coals were also given.
A weighted average of the factors for each trace element was taken to
derive a single uncontrolled emission factor for each element from
coal-fired utility boilers. Weighting was based on the proportion of the
4
total uti-lity coal use accounted for by each coal and boiler type. An
example calculation for arsenic is shown in Table 2.
To derive a controlled emission factor, 95 percent control was
estimated for beryllium, chromium, and nickel, while 91 percent control was
estimated for arsenic and cadmium. Arsenic and cadmium have a lower control
-------
TABLE 1. > EMISSION FACTORS FOR TRACE METALS FROM COMBUSTION
Fuel and Boiler Types
Utility Boilers
Coal
Oil
Industrial Boilers
Coal
Oil
Commercial Boilers
Coal
Oil
Residential Heaters
Coal
Oil
As
5
2
1
2
6
1
1
3
.0 x
.8 x
.0 x
.3 x
.2 x
.8 x
.1 x
.5 x
io-5
io-5
io-4
io-5
io-4
io-5
io-3
io-6
Be
(units: 1
3.3 x
5.6 x
1.2 x
4.6 x
6.8 x
1.2 x
1.6 x
2.1 x
io-6
io-6
io-5
1Q-6
io-5
io-6
io-5
io-6
, Cd
lb/10b Btu)
3.9 x
1.6 x
7.7 x
1.4 x
4.1. x
3.2 x
3.1 x
2.6 x
io-6
io-5
io-6
io-5
io-5
io-5
io-5
io-5
Cr
8.5 x
4.9 x
3.0 x
5.5 x
1.8 x
7.7 x
1.6 x
6.7 x
io-5
io-5
io-4
io-5
IO-3
io-5 .
io-4
io-5
Ni
6.0 x
1.0 x
5.5 x
8.7 x
1.5 x
1.1 x
1.6 x
6.7 x
io-5
io-3
io-5
io-4
io-3
io-3
io-4
io-4
-------
TABLE 2. CALCULATION OF ARSENIC EMISSION FACTOR FOR UTILITY COMBUSTION OF COAL
00
Coal and Boiler Type
Bituminous Coal
Pulverized (dry)
Pulverized (wet)
Cyclone
Stoker
Lignite Coal
Anthracite Coal
Uncontrolled
Emission
Factor
(lb/10D Btu)
6.3 x 10"4
5.1 x 10"4
1.1 x 10"4
4.6 x 10"4
5.8 x 10"4
5.1 x 10"4
Weighting Weighted
Factor Average Controlled
(% of Total Emission Emission
Btu Capacity) Factor Factor
.731 ^
.110
.106
.008
.042
.003 >
> 5.6 x 10"4 5.0 x 10"5
-------
level because they exhibit distinct enrichment on small fly ash particles,
which generally are less well controlled by standard devices. The other
three elements show enrichment on small particles but to a lesser degree.
Thus, to estimate the overall control of all these trace elements, fine
particle control efficiency must be evaluated. The particulate collection
efficiencies shown below for standard boiler control devices illustrate the
need to consider element enrichment on fine particles.
Control of 5p Control of lp
Technology Particles Particles
Medium-Efficiency ESP 90.0 84.0
High-Efficiency ESP 98.6 98.0
Fabric Filter 99.5 98.8
For utility coal-fired units, the following methodology was employed to
determine a control factor for each trace metal. First, particulate matter
regulations and associated control technologies were applied to the boiler
population based on age distribution:
Item Age Category
pre-1950 to 1969 1970-1979 1980-1984
-Capacity (% of total MW) 46.5 43.2 10.3
Applicable Regulation SIP 1971 NSPS 1979 NSPS
Applicable Control Technology Medium- High- Fabric
Efficiency Efficiency Filter
ESP ESP
Be, Cr, and Ni Control 90 98.6 99.5
Efficiency (%)
As and Cd Control Efficiency (35) 84 98.0 98.8
Next, the control efficiencies are weighted by capacity in each age group to
give an average control efficiency:
-------
avg. efficiency (Be.Cr.N1) = 90(.465) + 98.6(.432) + 98.8(.103)
= 94.7 * 95%
avg. efficiency (As.Cd) = 84(.465) + 98.0(.432) + 98.8(.103)
= 91.5 ^ 91%
Finally, these control efficiencies were applied to the uncontrolled
emission factors for each element to calculate the controlled emission
factors presented in Table 1.
Utility Combustion of Oil. Oil-fired utility boilers burn residual oil and
are assumed to be generally uncontrolled for the purposes of this analysis.
Therefore, the uncontrolled emission factors for the combustion of residual
o
oil available in the literature were used in the exposure assessment.
Industrial Combustion of Coal. Uncontrolled emission factors for the
combustion of bituminous, lignite, and anthracite coal in industrial boilers
g
were obtained from the CCEA summary report. These data were combined into
average emission factors by weighting the factors for each type of coal by
the percent of total industrial coal use which that type of coal represents.
An example of this procedure for arsenic is shown in Table 3. The
approximate percent control efficiency required for industrial boilers in
each State by typical SIP's has been estimated in a previous study. These
control levels are summarized in Table 4. The average control efficiency
required by SIP's was calculated to be 87 percent. This factor was applied
to the uncontrolled emission factors for coal-fired industrial boilers to
develop controlled emission factors.
Industrial Combustion of Oil. Emission factors for residual and distillate
oil combustion in industrial boilers were available in the literature.
Average emission factors for oil combustion were obtained by taking a
weighted average of the two emission factors available considering that
residual oil accounts for 81.9 percent of the oil energy used in industrial
10
-------
TABLE 3. CALCULATION OR ARSENIC EMISSION FACTOR FOR INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION OF COAL AND OIL
Type of Fuel
Uncontrolled
Emission
Factor
(lb/10D Btu)
Weighting
Factor
(% of Total
Btu Capacity)
Weighted
Average
Emission
Factor
Controlled
Emission
Factor
Coal
Oil
Bituminous
Lignite
Anthracite
Residual
Distillate
7.9 x 10
5.8 x 10
-4
-4
5.1 x 10
-4
2.8 x 10
3.0 x 10
-5
-6
.967
.026
.007
,819
.181
7.8 x 10
-4
1
2.3 x 10
-5
1.0 x 10
-4
-------
TABLE 4. COAL-FIRED INDUSTRIAL BOILER PARTICULATE EMISSION LIMITS
SPECIFIED BY STATE REGULATIONS AND ESTIMATED TRACE ELEMENT
CONTROL EFFICIENCIES a
State
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
Haw Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
14.7 to 73 MW,
Units0
(ng/J)
68.8
86.0
f
21.5
60.2
86.0
129
43.0
172
77.4
60.2
151
344
138
h
258
129
43.0*
64.5
J
172
163
172
168
138
151
168
51.6
129
103
129
181
94. 6f
129
172«
94.6
86.0
258
258
129
129
55.9
55.9
112
172«
60.2
168
163
. Estimated
Control
Efficiency0 (I)
98.6
98.6
90.0
99.5
98.6
90.0
90.0
98.6
65.0
98.6
98.6
82.5
65.0
82.5
82.5
65.0
82.5
98.6
98.6
82.5
65.0
82.5
65.0
82.5
82.5
82.5
82.5
98.6
82.5
90.0
82.5
65.0
90.0
82.5
65.0
90.0
90.0
65.0
65.0
82.5
82.5
98.6
98.6
90.0
65.0
98.6
82.5
82.5
>73 MHt Units'1
(ng/J)
51.6
43.0
8
21.5
51.6
86.0
129
4*3.0
155
77.4
43.0
43.0
344
129
1
258
112
21. 5e
64.5
J
172
146
30.1
155
120
133
155
38.7
112
90.3
112
168
77.4
112
172«
68.8
86.0
258
258
112
129
43.0
43.0
103
172«
51.6
155
146
Estimated
Control
Efficiency0 CO
98.6
98.6
90.0
99.5
98.6
90.0
82.5
98.6
82.5
98.6
98.6
98.6
65.0
82.5
90.0
65.0
90.0
99.5
98.6
90.0
82.5
82.
99.
82.
90.
82.
82.
99.
90.0
90.0
90.0
82.5
98.6
90.0
82.5
98.6
90.0
65.0
65.0
90.0
82.5
98.6
98.6
90.0
82.5
98.6
82.5
82.5
aThese data were excerpted from reference 7 In total.
bBaaed on a 44 M»t boiler.
C65Z: Bulticlone; 82.51: low-efficiency ESF; 90Z: medium efficiency ESP; 98.61:
.high-efficiency ESF; 99.51: fabric filter.
dBased on a 73 MWt boiler.
estimated from gr/dscf concentration limit specified by regulation.
Average for two groups of counties.
"Regulation based on ambient air quality, but also a general regulation specifying
"existing advances In control technology." Assume a medium-efficiency ESP. May
overestimate control for older sources.
\aries between 129 and 194 ng/J, depending on county; assume low-efficiency ESP.
varies between 112 and 172 ng/J, depending on county; assume medium-efficiency ESP.
^Standard In tents of lb/1000 Ib flue gas-source specific. Assume low-efficiency
ESF for <73, medium-efficiency for >73 MWC.
12
-------
boilers and distillate oil accounts for 18.1 percent. The derivation of
this factor is shown in Table 3. Since oil-fired sources are typically
uncontrolled, the emission factors presented in Table 1 are uncontrolled
factors.
Commercial Combustion of Coal. Several emission factors for the commercial
combustion of bituminous and anthracite coal (the two types used by
11 12
commercial boilers) were obtained from two literature sources. ' The
factors in each reference were weighted by percentage of total coal usage in
the commercial sector, and average emission factors for coal combustion were
developed. The emission factors derived from the two literature sources
were of the same order of magnitude and were averaged to develop the final
emission factors for each trace element. An example calculation for arsenic
is shown in Table 5. Emissions from commercial boilers burning coal are
13
typically uncontrolled.
Commercial Combustion of Oil. The average of the emission factors for
residual and distillate oil combustion from four studies reported in
Reference 14 were used. The factors were weighted by the proportion of each
type of oil combusted in commercial boilers. The calculation of these
factors is shown in Table 5. The emission factors generated for this sector
are assumed to be uncontrolled since commercial oil combustion sources are
13
typically uncontrolled.
Residential Combustion of Coal. Emission factors for residential combustion
of coal were calculated by weighting the measured residential combustion
emission factors for bituminous, anthracite, and lignite coal presented in
Reference 15. Residential coal combustion sources are assumed to be
uncontrolled.
Residential Combustion of Oil. -Residential sources use distillate oil
almost exclusively. Therefore, the measured emission factor for distillate
13
-------
TABLE 5. CALCULATION OF ARSENIC EMISSION FACTOR FOR COMMERCIAL COMBUSTION OF COAL AND OIL
Fuel and Boiler Type
Coal (Reference 11)
Bituminous
Pulverized dry bottom
Stoker (underfeed)
Anthracite
Stoker
Coal (Reference 12)
Bituminous
Anthracite
Oil
Distillate
Residual
Emission
Factor
(lb/10D Btu)
2.8 x
2.3 x
1.2 x
7.9 x
5.1 x
3.2 x
3.0 x
ID'3
ID'4
io-4
ID'4
ID'4
l(T6a
ID'53
Weighting Weighted Final
Factor Average Average
% of Total Emission Emission
Btu Capacity Factor Factor
.14
•50 _4
5.5 x 10 *
•36 _4
6.2 x 10 *
•64 ) _4
> 6.9 x 10 ^
.36 )
.46 ) . ,
} 1.8 x 10"°
.54 )
These factors are an average of those reported in Reference 14.
-------
oil burned in residential combustion sources was used. ' This factor
represents the average of several source tests of oil-fired residential
units.
Land Area Data -
Land area data for each State were taken directly from a compilation of
U.S. Census Bureau data.
The last input to the exposure and risk analysis, the unit risk factor,
relates exposure to a pollutant to risk. A unit risk factor represents the
risk of incurring cancer in a population exposed for a 70-year period to an
ambient concentration of 1 yg per cubic meter of a pollutant. The unit risk
factors which have been developed by EPA for the pollutants of concern in
this study are as follows.
Arsenic 4.29 x 10"3
Beryllium 4.0 x 10~4
Cadmium 2.3 x 10~3
Chromium 1.2 x 10"2
Nickel 3.3 x 10"4
Calculation of Exposure and Risk
The inputs to the SHEAR model, as described above, are summarized for
each trace element, fuel, and combustion sector combination in Tables 6 -
45. These tables represent the data programmed into LOTUS files on the
personal -computer. The units to the parameters on the tables are only given
on Table 6. They remain the same for Tables 7-45.
Total State emissions of each trace element were calculated by
multiplying the coal and oil fuel consumption of the State by the emission
factors given in Table 1. The results of these calculations are shown under
the Emissions column of Tables 6 - 45.
15
-------
TABLE 6. ARSENIC FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
Coal Emissions Area
State
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH-
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAHAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLINA
NORTH CAROLINA
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON/DC
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIRE
MASSACHUSETTS
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
12
(101* Btu/yr)
0.1
1
1
0.9
2.1
0
0
0.4
0
1.5
0.2
0
0
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.6
1.8
1.2
1
0.3
0
2.2
0
.1 n
2.3
•'l
0.3
O.i
0
0.5
2.9
1.7
2
5.5
1.3
0.2
1.3
0.2
i
0
0.8
0.2
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
0
3.2
0.4
19.9
(lb/yr)
110
1100
1100
990
2310
0
0
440
0
1650
220
o
0
no
220
2090
1760
1980
1320
1100
330
0
2420
0
2420
3190
0
330
110
0
550
3190
1870
2200
6050
1430
220
1430
220
1100
0
830
220
110
0
770
110
0
3520
440
21890
7
(ml2)
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
4452!
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
• 31778
63945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44388
Concen-
tration
•s
(ug/« )
2.36E-07
3.54E-06
4.17E-06
2.98E-06
3.79E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.13E-06
O.OOE+QO
7.75E-06
7.14E:07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
6.34E-07
1.18E-06
2.16E-05
1.13E-05
1.56E-05
1.71E-05
5.45E-03
1.05E-05
O.OOE+00
1.49E-05
O.OOE+00
1.84E-05
2.51E-05
O.OOE+00
1.50E-06
6.60E-07
O.OOE+00
3.I6E-06
1.75E-05
1.05E-05
1.91E-05
4.61E-05
6.44E-06
9.05E-07
5.61E-06
3.96E-07
6.14E-06
O.OOE+00
3.99E-06
2.22E-06
3.70E-06
O.OOE+00
3.07E-05
7.05E-06
O.OOE+00
2.32E-05
1.84E-05
1.52E-04
Popula-
latton
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.39E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.B7E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.33E+05
4.22E+06
.5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.9!E+Oi
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5. 74E+06
3.11E+06
9.46E+05
1.74E+07
7.3iE+Oa
1.19E+07
Exposure
0.186
1.668
3.939
8.625
12.842
0.000
0.000
1.471
0.000
31.997
1.880
0.000
0.000
6.178
6.466
67.404
66.102
83.259
33.329-
3478.923
44.170
0.000
57.925
0.000
84.309
91.94!
0.000
4.542
1.507
0.000
14.852
161.958
119.844
104.994
497.513
4.215
0.624
22.889
1.407
17.887
0.000
19.600
2.494
1.897
0.000
176.327
21.908
0.000
407.378
135.498
1807.292
Risk
After
70 years
7.978E-04
7.157E-03
1.690E-02
3.700E-02
5.509E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
6.311E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.373E-01
8.066E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
2.650E-02
2.774E-02
2.892E-01
2.836E-01
3.572E-01
1.430E-01
1.492E+01.
1.395E-01
O.OOOE+00
2.485E-01
O.OOOE+00
3.617E-01
3.944E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.949E-02
6.466E-03
O.OOOE+00
6.371E-02
6.948E-01
5.141E-01
4.504E-01
2.134E+00
1.308E-02
2.678E-03
9.319E-02
6.033E-03
7.674E-02
O.OOOE+00
8.408E-02
1.070E-02
S.137E-03
O.OOOE+00
7.564E-01
9.398E-02
O.OOOE+00
1.748E+00
5.813E-01
7.753E+00
TOTAL1
16
7607.241 3.264E+01
-------
TABLE 7. BERYLLIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
BEST VIRGINI
S4ASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW KAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
MEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.1
1
1
0.9
2.1
0
0
0.4
0
1.5
0.2
0
0
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.6
!.B
1.2
1
0.3
0
2.2
0
2.2
2.9
0
0.3
0.1
0
0.5
2.9
1.7
T
5.5
1.3
0.2
1.3
0.2
t
0
0.9
0.2
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
0
3.2
0.4
19.9
1.6
16
16
14.4
33.6
0
0
6.4
0
24
3.2
0
0
1.6
3.2
30.4
25.6
23.S
19.2
16
4.8
0
35.2
0
35.2
46.4
u
V
4.8
1.6
0
9
46.4
27.2
32
98
20.9
3.2
20.8
3.2
16
0
12.9
3.2
1.6
0
11.2
1.6
0
51.2
6.4
319.4
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
43343
39704
24119
63
9S37
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52079
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
•81778
69945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4372
1055
47377
7468
44388
3.44E-09
5.15E-08
6.06E-08
4.34E-09
1.28E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OGE+00
1.65E-08
O.OOE+00
1.13E-07
1.04E-08
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
9.23E-09
1.72E-08
3.14E-07
1.64E-07
2.27E-07
2.49E-07
7.93E-05
1.52E-07
O.OOE+00
2. 17E-07
O.OOE+00
2.67E-07
3.65E-07
O.OOE+00
2.19E-08
9.59E-09
O.OOE+00
4.59E-08
2.54E-Q7
1.53E-07
2.73E-07
6.70E-07
9.37E-08
1.32E-08
3.17E-08
1.30E-08
9.93E-08
Q.OOE+00
5.80E-08
3.22E-08
5.39E-08
O.OOE+00
4.47E-07
1.03E-07
O.OOE+00
3.38E-07
2.68E-07
2.22E-06
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
"3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+Q6
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E»06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.03£t06
1.57E+06
2.91E<-06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11Et06
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19Et07
0.003
0.024
0.057
0.125
0.1S7
0.000
0.000
0.021
0.000
0.465
0.027
0.000
0.000
0.090
0.094
0.980
0.961
1.211
0.485
50.603
0.642
0.000
0.843
0.000
1.226
1.337
0.000
0.066
0.022
0.000
0.216
2.356
1.743
1.527
7.237
0.061
0.009
0.333
0.020
0.260
0.000
0.285
0.036
0.028
0.000
2.565
0.319
0.000
5.925
1.971
26.288
1.082E-06
9.706E-06
2.292E-05
5.018E-05
7.472E-05
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
S.559E-06
O.OOOE+00
1.362E-04
1.094E-05
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
3.595E-05
3.762E-05
3.922E-04
3.846E-04
4.844E-04
1.939E-04
2.024E-02
2.570E-04
O.OOOE+00
3.370E-04
O.OOOE+00
4.905E-04
5.349E-04
O.OOOE+00
2.643E-05
3.770E-06
O.OOOE+00
8.641E-05
9.423E-04
6.973E-04
6.109E-04
2.S95E-03
2.452E-05
3.632E-06
1.332E-04
8.188E-06
1.041E-Q4
O.OOOE+00
1.140E-04
1.451E-05
1.104E-05
O.OOOE+00
1.026E-03
1.275E-04
O.OOOE+00
2.370E-03
7.S84E-04
1.052E-02
TOTAL
17
110.651 4.426E-02
-------
TABLE 8. CADMIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROL!
VIRGINIA
WEST VIR6INI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
HISSISSIPFI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
8ISCQNSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOHA-
KANSAS
MISSOURI .
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMP5HIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEU JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.1
1
1
0.9
2.1
0
0
0.4
0
1.5
0.2
0
0
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.6
1.3
1.2
1
0.3
0
2.2
0
2.2
2.9
0
0.3
0.1
0
0.5
2.9
1.7
2
5.5
1,3
0.2
1.3
0.2
1
0
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
0
3.2
0.4
19.9
EMISSIONS
3.1
31
31
27.9
65.1
0
0
12.4
0
46.5
6.2
0
0
3.1
6.2
53.9
49.6
55.3
37.2
31
9.3
0
63. 2
0
68.2
39.9
0
9.3
3.1
0
15.5
89.9
52.7
62
170.5
40.3
6.2
40.3
6.2
31
0
24.8
6.2
3.1
0
21.7
3.1
0
99.2
12.4
616.9
AREA
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48343
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
31778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
!055
47377
7463
44388
CQNCENTRA
6.66E-09
9.98E-08
1.17E-07
8.41E-08
2.48E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
3.19E-08
O.OOE+00
2. 18E-07
2.01E-08
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.79E-08
3.34E-08
6.09E-07
3.17E-07
4.39E-07
4.82E-07
1.54E-04
2.95E-07
O.OOE+00
4.20E-07
O.OOE+00
5.13E-07
7.08E-07
O.OOE+00
4.23E-08
1.86E-08
O.OOE+00
8.B9E-08
4.93E-07
2.96E-07
5.39E-07
1.30E-06
1.82E-07
2.55E-08
1.58E-07
2.53E-08
1.73E-07
O.OOE+00
1.12E-07
6.25E-08
1.04E-07
O.OOE+00
8.66E-07
1.99E-07
O.OOE+00
6.54E-07
5.19E-07
4.29E-06
POP
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14EKJ7
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
EXPOSURE RISK
0.005
0.047
0.111
0.243
0.362
0.000
0.000
0.041
0.000
0.902
0.053
0.000
0.000
0.174
0.182
1.900
1.963
2.346
0.939
98.042
1.245
0.000
1.632
0.000
2.376
2.591
0.000
0.128
0.042
0.000
0.419
4.564
3.377
2.959
14.021
0.119
0.013
0.645
0.040
0.504
0.000
0.552
0.070
0.053
0.000
4.969
0.617
0.000
11.481
3.319
50.933
1.205E-05
1.081E-04
2.553E-04
5.591E-04
3.324E-04
O.OOOE+OQ
O.OOOE+00
9.536E-05
O.OOOE+00
2.074E-03
1.219E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOEtOO
4.005E-04
4.191E-04
4.369E-03
4.285E-03
5.397E-03
2.160E-03
2.255E-01
2.863E-03
O.OOOE+00
3.755E-03
O.OOOE+00
5.465Er03
5.959E-03
0.0'OOE+OO
2.944E-04
9.770E-05
O.OOOE+00
9.627E-04
1.050E-02
7.768E-03
6.806E-03
3.225E-02
2.732E-04
4.046E-05
1.434E-03
9.122E-05
1.159E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.270E-03
1.616E-04
1.229E-04
O.OOOE+00
1.143E-02
1.420E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.641E-02
3.783E-03
1.171E-01
TOTAL
18
214.386 4.931E-0!
-------
TABLE 9. CHROMIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
HASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOUA •
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEH HAMPSHIR
ilASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEH YORK
NEH JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.1
1
1
0.9
2.1
0
0
0.4
0
1.5
0.2
0
0
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.6
1.9
1.2
1
0.3
0
2.2
0
2.2
2.9
0
0.3
0.1
0
0.5
2.9
1.7
2
5.5
1.3
0.2
1.3
0.2
1
0
0.8
0.2
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
0
3.2
0.4
19.9
la
160
160
144
336
0
0
64
0
240
32
0
0
16
32
304
256
288
192
160
48
0
352
0
352
464
0
48
16
0
SO
464
?72
320
S80
208
32
208
32
160
0
128
32
16
0
112
16
0
512
64
3184
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
3.44E-08
5.15E-07
6.06E-07
4.34E-07
1.28E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.65E-07
O.OOE+00
1.13E-06 •
1.04E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
9.23E-08
1.72E-07
3.14E-06
1.64E-06
2.27E-06
2.49E-06
7.93E-04
1.52E-06
O.OOE+00
2.17E-06
O.OOE+00
2.67E-06
3.65E-06
O.OOE+00
2.18E-07
9.59E-08
O.OOE+00
4.59E-07
2.54E-06
1.53E-06
2.78E-06
6.70E-06
9.37E-07
1.32E-07
8.17E-07
1.30E-07
8.93E-07
O.OOE+00
5.80E-07
3.22E-07
5.39E-07
O.OOE+00
4.47E-Q6
1.03E-06
O.OOE+00
3.38E-06
2.68E-06
2.22E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.S9E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+Q6
6.33E+05
4.22E+06
5I96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.62E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20£t06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08Et07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36EK16
4.92E+06
1.13Et06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74£t06
3.11E*06
9.48E*05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.027
0.243
0.573
1.255
1.363
0.000
0.000
0.214
0.000
4.654
0.273
0.000
0.000
0.899
0.941
9.304
9.615
12.110
4.848
506.025
6.425
0.000
3.425
0.000
12.263
13.373
0.000
0.661
0.219
0.000
2.160
23.558
17.432
15.272
72.365
0.613
0.091
3.329
0.205
2.602
0.000
2.851
0.363
0.276
0.000
25.648
3.187
0.000
59.255
19.709
262.879
3.246E-04
2.912E-03
6.376E-03
1.505E-02
2.242E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+GQ
2.568E-03
O.OOOE+00
5.585E-02
3.282E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.078E-02
1.129E-02
1.177E-01
1.154E-01
1.453E-01
5.817E-02
6.072E+00
7.710E-02
O.OOOE+00
1.011E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.472E-01
1.605E-01
O.OOOE+00
7.929E-03
2.631E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.592E-02
2.827E-01
2.092E-01
1.833E-01
8.684E-01
7.356E-03
1.0S9E-03
3.995E-02
2.457E-03
3.122E-02
O.OOOE+00
3.421E-02
4.353E-03
3.311E-03
O.OOOE+00
3.073E-01
3.824E-02
O.OOOE+00
7.111E-01
2.365E-01
3.155E+00
TOTAL
19
1106.508 1.328E+01
-------
TABLE 10. NICKEL FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
MONTANA 0.1 16
POKING 1 160
IDAHO 1 160
COLORADO 0.9 144
UTAH 2.1 336
NEVADA 0 0
ARIZONA 0 0
NEW MEXICO 0.4 64
CALIFORNIA 0 0
WASHINGTON 1.5 240
OREGON 0.2 32
ALASKA 0 0
HAWAII 0 0
FLORIDA 0.1 16
GEORGIA 0.2 32
SOUTH CAROLI 1.9 304
NORTH CAROLI 1.6 256
VIRGINIA 1.8 288
WEST VIRGINI 1.2 192
KASHINGTON/D 1 160
MARYLAND 0.3 48
DELAWARE 0 0
ALABAMA 2.2 352
MISSISSIPPI 0 0
TENNESSEE 2.2 352
KENTUCKY 2.9 464
TEXAS 0 0
OKLAHOMA 0.3 48
ARKANSAS 0.1 16
LOUISIANA 0 0
WISCONSIN 0.5 80
MICHIGAN 2.9 464
ILLINOIS 1.7 272
INDIANA 2 320
OHIO 5.5 880
NORTH DAKOTA 1.3.. 208
SOUTH DAKOTA 0.2 32
MINNESOTA 1.3 208
NEBRASKA 0.2 32
IOWA • 1 160
KANSAS 0 0
MISSOURI - 0.8 128
MAINE 0.2 32
VERMONT 0.1 16
NEW HANPSHIR 0 0
MASSACHUSETT 0.7 112
CONNECTICUT 0.1 16
RHODE ISLAND 0 0
NEW YORK 3.2 512
NEW JERSEY 0.4 64
PENNSYLVANIA 19.9 3184
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
145388
96989
92412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7463
44388
3.44E-08
5.15E-07
6.06E-07
4.34E-07
1.28E-06
O.OOE+00
Q.OOE+00
1.65E-07
O.OOE+00
1.13E-06-
1.04E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+QO
9.23E-08
1.72E-07
3.14E-06
1.64E-06
2.27E-06
2.49E-06
7.93E-04
1.52E-06
O.QOE+00
2.17E-06
O.OOE+00
2.67E-06
3.65E-06
O.OOEtOO '
2.18E-07
9.59E-Q8
O.OOEtOO
4.59E-07
2.54E-Q6
1.53E-06
2.78E-06
6.70E-06
9.37E-07
1.32E-07
8.17E-07
1.30E-07
8.93E-07
O.OOE+00
5.80E-07
3.22E-07
5.39E-07
O.OOE+00
4.47E-06
1.03E-06
O.OOEtOO
3.38E-06
2.68E-06
2.22E-05
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+G5
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+Q6
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.6sEt06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.2GE+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08Et06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36Et06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12£t05
9.21Et05
5,74Et06
3.11E*06
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
. 0.027
0.243
0.573
1.255
1.868
0.000
0.000
0.214
0.000
4.654
0.273
0.000
0.000
0.899
0.941
9.804
9.615
12.110
4.848
506.025
6.425
0.000
8.425
0.000
12.263
13.373
0.000
0.661
0.219
0.000
2.160
23.553
17.432
15.272
72.365
0.613
0.091
3.329
0.205
2.602
0.000
2.851
0.363
0.276
0.000
25.648
3.187
0.000
59.255
19.709
262.879
3.926E-06
8.008E-05
1.891E-04
4.140E-04
6.164E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
7.061E-05
O.OOOE+00
1.536E-03
9.024E-05
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
2.965E-04
3.104E-04
3.235E-03
3.173E-03
3.996E-03
1.600E-03
1.670E-01
2.120E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.780E-03
O.OOOE+00
4.047E-03
4.413E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.180E-04
7.235E-05
O.OOOE+00
7.129E-04
7.774E-03
5.753E-03
5.040E-03
2.388E-02
2.023E-04
2.996E-05
1.099E-03
6.755E-05
8.586E-04
O.OOOE+00
9.408E-04
1.197E-04
9.104E-05
O.OOOE+00
8.464E-03
1.052E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.955E-02
6.504E-03
8.675E-02
TOTAL
20
1106.508 3.651E-01
-------
TABLE 11. ARSENIC FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL COMBUSTION
EMISSIONS AREA CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH .
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLINA
NORTH CAROLINA
VIRGINIA
HEST VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON/DC
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I OH A
KANSAS.
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIRE
MASSACHUSETTS
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEK JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.4
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.6
1.1
0
0.8
O.i
20.2
11.9
6.3
0
11.4
3.8
16
56.4
50.8
9.!
4.3
55.7
9.2
1.2
0.2
4.9
14.7
1.1
0.2
0.9
0
48
53.8
21.3
34.1
48.9
6.8
4.5
35.1
2.2
14.1
0.9
7.5
39.2
13.9
22.2
133.5
79.4
19.4
228.3
140.5
174.8
9.4
0.35
9.3
2.1
2.1
3.35
0
2.8
2.1
70.7
41.65
23.8
0
39.9
13.3
56
197.4
177.8
31.85
15.05
194.95
32.2
4.2
0.7
17.15
51.45
3.35
0.7
3.15
0
168
188.3
74.55
119.35
171.15
23.8
15.75
122.85
7.7
49.35
3.15
26.25
137.2
48.65
77.7
467.25
277.9
67.9
799.05
491.75
611.3
145338
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
3993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44383
l.BOE-03
1.13E-09
3.71E-08
6.33E-09
7.99E-09
1.09E-08
O.OOE+00
7.21E-09
4.20E-09
3.32E-07
1.35E-07
1.30E-08
O.OOE+00
2.30E-07
7.15E-08
5.79E-07
1.26E-06
1.40E-06
4.12E-07
7.46E-05
6.19E-06.
5.21E-06
2.53E-08
4.63E-09
1.30E-07
4.05E-07
4.59E-09
3.18E-09
1.89E-08
O.OOE+00
9.64E-07
1.03E-06
4.13E-07
1.04E-06
1.30E-06
1.07E-07
6.48E-08
4.82E-07
3.14E-08
2.75E-07
1.20E-08
1.19E-07
1.38E-06
1.64E-06
2.70E-06
1.87E-05
1.78E-05
2.01E-05
5.27E-06
2.06E-05
4.26E-06
7.97E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2. 72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.33E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89Et06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03EH)6
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E*05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5. 12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36Et06
1.19E+07
0.014
0.001
0.035
0.018
0.012
0.009
0.000
0.009
0.099
1.371
0.356
0.005
0.000
2.241
0.391
1.806
7.414
7,477
0.804
47.598
26.094
3.102
0.101
0.012
0.597
1.483
0.065
0.010
0.043
0.000
4.537
9.560
4.778
5.696
14.074
0.070
0.045
1.966
0.049
0.802
0.028
0.585
1.555
0.839
2.485
106.998
55.347
19.055
92.476
151.435
50.512
6.092E-05
2.277E-06
1.506E-04
7.849E-05
5.008E-05
3.750E-05
O.OCOE+00
4.016E-05
4.261E-04
5.882E-03
1.527E-03
2.234E-05
Q.OOOE+00
9.614E-03
1.677E-03
7.748E-03
3.181E-02
3.207E-02
3.450E-03
2.042E-01
1.119E-01
1.331E-02
4.313E-04
5.004E-05
2.563E-03
6.362E-03
2.801E-04
4.134E-05
1.852E-04
O.OOOE+00
1.946E-02
4.101E-02
2.050E-02
• 2.444E-02
6.033E-02
3.009E-04
1.917E-04
8.436E-03
2.113E-04
3.443E-03
1.219E-04
2.508E-03
6.672E-03
3.599E-03
1.066E-02
4.590E-01
2.374E-01
8.174E-02
3.967E-01
6.497E-01
2.167E-01
TOTAL
21
624.059 2.677E+00
-------
TABLE 12. BERYLLIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.4
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.6
1.1
0
0.8
0.6
20.2
11.9
6.8
11.4
3.8
16
56.4
50.8
9.1
4.3
55.7
9.2
1.2
0.2
4.9
14.7
1.1
0.2
0.9
0
48
53.8
21.3
34.1
48.9
6.8
4.5
35.1
2.2
14.1
0.9
7.5
39.2
13.9
22.2
133.5
79.4
19.4
228.3
140.5
174.8
5.04
0.21
5.88
1.26
1.26
2.31
0
1.68
1.26
42.42
24.99
14.28
23.94
7.98
33.6
118.44
106.68
19.11
9.03
116.97
19.32
2.52
0.42
10.29
30.87
2.31
0.42
1.89
0
100.8
112.98
44.73
71.61
102.69
14.28
9.45
73.71
4.62
29.61
1.89
15.75
82.32
29.19
46.62
280.35
166.74
40.74
479.43
295.05
367.08
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
' 1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
' 55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.08E-08
6.76E-10
2.23E-08
3.80E-09
4.79E-09
6.56E-09
O.OOEtOO
4.32E-09
2.52E-09
1.99E-07
8.11E-08
7.81E-09
O.OOE+00
1.38E-07
4.29E-08
3.47E-07
7.57E-07
8.39E-07
2.47E-07
4.48E-05
3.71E-06-
3. 12E-06
1.55E-08
2.78E-09
7.81E-08
2.43E-07
2.75E-09
1.91E-09
1.13E-08
O.OOE+00
5.78E-07
6.20E-07
2.51E-07
6.22E-07
7.82E-07
6.44E-08
3.89E-08
2.89E-07
1.88E-08
1.65E-07
7.22E-09
7.13E-08
8.29E-07
9.83E-07
1.62E-06
1.12E-05
1.07E-05
1.21E-05
3.16E-06
1.23E-05
2.55E-06
7.S7E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99Et05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4. 13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00Et05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87Et06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42Et07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
'4.20E+06
4.71Et06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E*06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E*05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E*06
1.19E+07
0.009
.000
0.021
0.011
0.007
0.005
0.000
0.006
0.060
0.823
0.214
0.003
0.000
1.345
0.235
1.084
4.448
4.486
0.483
28.559
15.656
1.861
0.060
0.007
0.358
0.890
0.039
0.006
0.026
0.000
2.722
5.736
2.867
3.418
8.445
0.042
0.027
1.180
0.030
0.481
0.017
- 0.351
0.933
0.503
1.491
64.199
33.208
11.433
55.486
90.861
30.307
3.408E-06
1.274E-07
8.423E-06
4.391E-06
2.802E-06
2.098E-06
O.OOOE+00
2.247E-06
2.384E-05
3.290E-04
8.542E-05
1.250E-06
O.OOOE+00
5.378E-04
9.3B2E-05
4.334E-04
1.779E-03
1.794E-03
1.930E-04
1.142E-02
6.262E-03
7.445E-04
2.413E-05
2.799E-06
1.434E-04
3.559E-04
1.567E-05
2.312E-06
1.036E-05
O.OOOE+00
1.089E-03
2.294E-03
1.147E-03
1.367E-03
3.378E-03
1.683E-05
1.072E-05
4.719E-04
1.182E-05
1.926E-04
6.822E-06
1.403E-04
3.732E-04
2.013E-04
5.964E-04
2.568E-02
1.328E-02
4.573E-03
2.219E-02
3.634E-02
1.212E-02
TOTAL
22
374.435 1.498E-01
-------
TABLE 13. CADMIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEK MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAUAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
HASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
; I OKA
KANSAS .
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.4
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.6
1.1
0
0.8
0.6
20.2
11.9
6.8
0
11.4
3.8
16
56.4
50.8
9.1
4.3
55.7
9.2
1.2
0.2
4.9
14.7
1.1
0.2
0.9
0
48
53.8
21.3
34.1
43.9
6.8
4.5
35.1
2.2
14.1
0.9
7.5
39.2
13.9
22.2
133.5
79.4
19.4
228.3
140.5
174.8
62.4
2.6
72.8
15.6
15.6
28.6
' 0
20.8
15.6
525.2
309.4
176.8
0
296.4
98.8
416
1466.4
1320.8
236.6
111.8
1448.2
239.2
31.2
5.2
127.4
382.2
28.6
5.2
23.4
0
1248
1398.8
'553.8
886.6
1271.4
176.8
117
912.6
57.2
366.6
23.4
195
1019.2
361.4
577.2
3471
2064.4
504.4
5935.8
3653
4544.8
145388 1.34E-07 7.37E+05
96989 8.37E-09 4.71E+05
82412 2.76E-07 9.45E+05
103595 4.70E-08 2.89E+06
82073 5.94E-08 1.46E+06
109894 8.13E-08 7.99E+05
113508 O.OOE+00 2.72E+06
121335 5.35E-08 1.30E+06
156299 3.12E-08 2.37E+07
66511 2.47E-06 4.13E+06
96184 l.OOE-06 2.63E+06
570833 9.67E-08 4.00E+05
6425 O.OOE+00 9.65E+05
54153 1.71E-06 9.74E+06
58056 5.31E-07 5.46E+06
30203 4.30E-06 3.12E+Q6
48843 9.38E-06 5.87E*06
39704 1.04E-05 5.35E+06
24119 3.06E-06 1.95E+06
63 5.54E-04 6.38E+05
9837 4.60E-05 -4.22E+06
1932 3.87E-05 5.96E+05
50767 1.92E-07 3.89E+06
47233 3.44E-08 2.52E+06
41155 9.67E-07 4.59E+06
39669 3.01E-06 3.66E+06
262017 3.41E-08 1.42E+07
68655 2.37E-08 3.03E+06
52078 1.40E-07 2.29E+06
44521 O.OOE+00 4.20Et06
54426 7.16E-06 4.71E+06
56954 7.67E-06 9.26E+06
55645 3.11E-06 1.14E+07
35932 7.71E-06 5.49E+06
41004 9.68E-06 1.08E+07
69300 7.97E-07 6.54E+05
75952 4.81E-07 6.90E+05
79548 3.58E-06 4.08E+06
76644 2.33E-07 1.57E+06
' 55965 2.05E-06 2.91E+06
31778 8.94E-08 2.36E+06
68945 S.83E-07 4.92E+06
30995 1.03E-05 1.13E+06
9273 S.22E-05 5.12E+05
8993 2.00E-05 9.21E+05
7824 1.39E-04 5.74Et06
4872 1.32E-04 3.11E+06
1055 1.49E-04 9.48E+05
47377 3.91E-05 1.76E+07
7468 1.53E-04 7.36E+06
44888 3.16E-05 1.19E+07
0.105 2.426E-04
0.004 9.069E-06
0.261 5.996E-04
0.136 3.126E-04
0.087 1.995E-04
0.065 1.494E-04
0.000 O.OOOE+00
0.070 1.600E-04
0.738 1.697E-03
10.185 2.343E-02
2.644 6.081E-03
0.039 8.899E-05
0.000 O.OOOE+00
16.647 3.829E-02
2.904 6.679E-03
13.416 3.086E-02
55.075 1.267E-01
55.540 1.277E-01
5.974 1.374E-02
353.585 8.132E-01
193.838 4.458E-01
23.045 5.300E-02
0.747 1.718E-03
0.087 1.993E-04
4.438 1.021E-02
11.016 2;534E-02
0.485 1.116E-03
0.072 1.646E-04
0.321 7.375E-04
0.000 O.OOOE+00
33.700 7.751E-02
71.018 1.633E-01
35.492 8.163E-02
42.313 9.732E-02
104.552 2.405E-01
0.521 1.198E-03
0.332 7.635E-04
14.607 3.360E-02
0.366 8.416E-04
5.961 1.371E-02
0.211 4.857E-04
4.343 9.989E-03
11.553 2.657E-02
6.232 1.433E-02
18.461 4.246E-02
794.845 1.828EtOO
411.150 9.456E-01
141.548 3.256E-01
686.964 1.580E+00
1124.945 2.587E+00
375.230 8.630E-01
TOTAL
23
4635.864 1.066E+01
-------
TABLE 14. CHROMIUM FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX I CO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.4
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.6
1.1
0
O.S
0.6
20.2
11.9
6.8
11.4
3.8
16
56.4
50.8
9.1
4.3
55.7
9.2
1.2
0.2
4.9
14.7
1.1
0.2
0.9
0
48
53.8
21.3
34.1
48.9
6.3
4.5
35.1
2.2
14.1
0.9
7.5
39.2
13.9
22.2
133.5
79.4
19.4
228.3
140.5
174.3
160.8
6.7
187.6
40.2
40.2
73.7
0
53.6
40.2
1353.4
797.3
455.6
763.8
254.6
1072
3778.8
3403.6
609.7
288.1
3731.9
616.4
80.4
13.4
328.3
984.9
73.7
13.4
60.3
0
3216
3604.6
1427.1
2284.7
3276.3
455.6
301.5
2351.7
147.4
944.7
60.3
502.5
2626.4
931.3
1487.4
8944.5
5319.8
1299.8
15296. 1
9413.5
11711.6
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9337
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44388
3.45E-07
2.16E-08
7.11E-07
1.21E-07
1.53E-07
2.09E-07
O.OOE+00
1.38E-07
8.03E-08
6.35E-06
2.59E-06
2.49E-07
O.OOEtOO
4.40E-06
1.37E-06
1.11E-05
2.42E-05
2.68E-05
7.89E-06
1.43E-03
1.18E-04
9.96E-05 '
4.95E-07
8.86E-OS
2.49E-06
7.75E-06
8.78E-08
6.10E-08
3.62E-07
O.OOEtOO
1.85E-05
1.98E-05
8.01E-06
1.99E-05
2.50E-05
2.05E-06
1.24E-06
9.23E-06
6.01E-07
5.27E-06
2.30E-07
2.28E-06
2.65E-05
3.14E-05
5.17E-05
3.57E-04
3.41E-04
3.85E-04
1.01E-04
3.94E-04
8.15E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.3BE+05
4.22E+06
' 5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.03E+06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
a 1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E»05
5.74E+06
3.11E+Q6
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
. 0.272
0.010
0.672
0.350
0.223
0.167
0.000
0.179
1.901
26.245
6.814
0.100
0.000
42.899
7.483
34.573
141.925
143.122
15.394
911.162
499.505
59.385
1.924
0.223
11.437
28.387
1.250
0.184
0.826
0.000
36.843
183.008
91.459
109.036
269.422
1.343
0.855
37.641
0.943
15.362
0.544
11.192
29.771
16.059
47.572
2048.255
1059.501
364.758
1770.253
2898.896
966.939
3.262E-03
1.219E-04
8.062E-03
4.203E-03
2.682E-03
2.008E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.151E-03
2.281E-02
3.149E-01
8.176E-02
1.196E-03
O.OOOE+00
5.148E-01
8.980E-02
4.149E-01
1.703E+00
1.717E+00
1.847E-01
1.093E+01
5.994E+00
•7.126E-01
2.309E-02
2.679E-03
1.372E-01
3.406E-01
1.500E-02
2.213E-03
9.915E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.042E+00
2.196E+00
1.098E+00
1.308E+00
3.233E+00
1.611E-02
1.026E-02
4.517E-01
1.132E-02
1.843E-01
6.530E-03
1.343E-01
3.573E-01
1.927E-01
5.709E-01
2.458E+01
1.271E+01
4.377E+00
2.124E+01
3.479E+01
1.160E+01
TOTAL
24
11946.264 1.434E+02
-------
TABLE 15. NICKEL FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAH A II
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
•MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.4
0.1
2.8
0.6
0.6
1.1
0
0.9
0.6
20.2
11.9
6.3
0
11.4
3.8
16
56.4
50.8
9.1
4.3
55.7
9.2
1.2
0.2
4.9
14.7
1.1
0.2
0.9
0
48
53.S
21.3
34.1
48.9
6.8
4.5
35.1
2.2
14.1
0.9
7.5
39.2
13.9
22.2
133.5
79.4
19.4
22S.3
140.5
174.3
1608
67
. 1876
402
402
737
0
536
402
13534
7973
4556
0
7638
2546
10720
37788
34036
6097
2881
37319
6164
804
134
3233
9849
737
134
603
0
32160
36046
14271
22847
32763
4556
3015
23517
1474
9447
603
5025
26264
9313
14874
89445
53193
12998
152961
94135
117116
145388
96989
82412
103595
32073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48343
39704
24119
63
9337
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
3993
7824
4372
1055
47377
7468
44888
3.45E-06
2.16E-07
7.11E-06
1.21E-06
1.53E-06
2.09E-06
O.OOEtOO
1.38E-06
8.03E-07
6.35E.-05
2.59E-05
2.49E-06
O.OOE+00
4.40E-05
1.37E-05
1.11E-04
2.42E-04
2.68E-04
7.89E-05
1.43E-02
1.18E-03
9.96E-04
4.95E-06
3.86E-07
2.49E-05
7.75E-05
8.73E-07
6.10E-07
3.62E-06
O.OOEtOO
1.85E-04
1.98E-04
8.01E-05
1.99E-04
2.50E-04
2.05E-05
1.24E-05
9.23E-05
6.01E-06
5.27E-05
2.30E-06
2.23E-05
2.65E-04
3.14E-04
5.17E-04
3,57E-03
3.41E-03
3.85E-03
1.01E-03
3.94E-03
3.15E-04
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89EH36
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12Et06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E*06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
•5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14Et07
5.49E+G6
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36Et06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.1!Et06
9.48E+05
1.76Et07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
2.718
0.102
6.718
3.502
2.235
1.673
0.000
1.792
19.012
262.455
68.136
0.997
0.000
428.986
74.833
345.726
1419.245
1431.216
153.944
9111.615
4995.051
593.846
19.245
2.233
114.374
283.865
12.498
1.844
8.263
0.000
868.427
1330.075
914.594
1090.363
2694.217
13.428
8.554
376.414
. 9.430
153.617
5.441
111.919
297.710
160.587
475.724
20482.552
10595.007
3647.576
17702.535
28988.956
9669.386
8.971E-04
3.353E-05
2.217E-03
1.156E-03
7.375E-04
5.522E-04
O.OOOE+00
5.914E-04
6.274E-03
8.661E-02
2.248E-02
3.290E-04
O.OOOEtOO
1.416E-01
2.469E-02
1.141E-01
4.684E-01
4.723E-01
5.080E-02
3.007E+00
1.648E+00
1.960E-01
6.351E-03
7.368E-C4
3.774E-02
9.368E-02
4.124E-03
6.087E-04
2.727E-03
O.OOOEtOO
2.866E-01
6.039E-01
3.018E-01
3.598E-01
8.891E-01
4.431E-03
2.323E-03
1.242E-01
3.112E-03
5.069E-02
1.796E-03
3.693E-02
9.824E-02
5.299E-02
1.570E-01
6.759E+00
3.496E+00
1.204E+00
5.342E+00
9.566E+00
3.191EtOO
TOTAL
25
119462.639 3.942E+01
-------
TABLE 16. ARSENIC FROM COMMERCIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CDNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CARQLI
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
lora
KANSAS .
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.2
i.8
1.9
1.7
4
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
2.7
0.3
0
0
0.2
0.4
3.4
2.9
3.3
2.2
1.8
0.5
0
7 7
•J • s
0
3.8
4.7
0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
5.3
2.8
3.7
9.6
2.4
0.3
2.4
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.3
0
0
0.9
0.1
0
3.6
0.3
17.7
124
1116
1178
1054
2480
62
0
434
62
1674
186
0
0
124
248
2108
1798
2046
1364
1116
310
0
2294
0
2356
2914
0
310
62
62
558
3286
1736
2294
5952
1488
186
1488
186
992
62
868
186
0
0
558
62
0
2232
186
10974
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
S1773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44388
2.66E-07
3.59E-06
4.46E-06
3.18E-06
9.44E-06
1.76E-07
O.OOE+00
1.12E-06
1.24E-07
7.86E-06
6.04E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OQE+00
7.15E-07
S.33E-06
2. 18E-05
1.15E-05
1.61E-05
1.77E-05
5.53E-03
9.84E-06
O.OOE+00
1.41E-05
O.OOE+00
1.79E-05
2.29E-05
O.OOEtOO
1.41E-06
3.72E-07
4.35E-07
3.20E-06
1.30E-05
9.74E-06
1.99E-05
4.53E-05
6.71E-06
7.65E-07
5.84E-06
7.5SE-07
5.54E-06
2.37E-07
3.93E-06
1.87E-06
O.OOEtOO
O.OOE+00
2.23E-05
3.97E-06
O.OOEtOO
1.47E-05
7.78E-06
7.63E-05
7.S7E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38Ef05
4.22E+06
"5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
.2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08EHI7
6.54E+05
6.90Et05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E^06
4.92E+06.
1.13E+06
5.12Ef05
9.21E*05
5.74Et06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E*06
1.19E+07
0.210
1.693
4.219
9.183
13.787
0.141
0.000
1.451
2.932
32.463
1.590
0.000
0.000
6.964
7.289
67.984
67.529
86.034.
34.440
3529.525
41.493
0.000
54.909
0.000
82.079
83.987
0.000
4.267
0.850
1.828
15.068 '
166.332
111.256
109.480
489.454
4.386
0.528
23.817
1.190
16.131
0.559
' 19.333
2.108
0.000
0.000
127.780
12.348
0.000
258.315
57.279
906.041
8.993E-04
7.261E-03
1.810E-02
3.939E-02
5.915E-02
6.039E-04
O.OOOE+00
6.225E-03
1.258E-02
1.393E-01
6.319E-03
O.OOOE+CO
O.OOOE+00
2.988E-02
3.127E-02
2.917E-01
2.897E-01
3.691E-01
1.477E-01
1.514E+01
1.780E-01
O.OOOE+00
2.356E-01
O.OOOE+00
3.521E-01
3.603E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.831E-02
3.645E-03
7.842E-03
6.464E-02
7.157E-01
4.773E-01
4.697E-01
2.100E+00
1.881E-02
2.264E-03
1.022E-01
5.105E-03
6.920E-02
2.400E-03
8.294E-02
9.045E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
5.482E-01
5.297E-02
O.OOOE+00
1.108E+00
2.457E-01
3.887E+00
TOTAL
26
6458.749 2.771E+01
-------
TABLE 17. BERYLLIUM FROM COMMERCIAL COAL COMBUSTION
GOAL EHI55IONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CARQLI
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIR6INI
WASHINGTON/0
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA-
KANSAS
MISSOURI"'
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.2
1.8
1.9
1.7
4
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
2.7
0.3
0
0
0.2
0.4
3.4
2.9
3.3
2.2
1.3
0.5
0
3.7
0
3.8
4.7
0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
5.3
2.9
3.7
9.6
2.4
0.3
2.4
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.3
0
0
0.9
0.1
0
3.6
0.3
17.7
13.6
122.4
129.2
115.6
272
6.8
0
47.6
6.8
183.6
20.4
0
0
13.6
27.2
231.2
197.2
224.4
149.6
122.4
34
0
251.6 .
0
258.4
319.6
0
34
6.3
6.9
61.2
360.4
190.4
251.6
652.8
163.2
20.4
163.2
20.4
108.3
6.8
95.2
20.4
0
0
61.2
6.8
0
244.8
20.4
1203.6
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
" 52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
,55965
81773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
2.92E-08
3.94E-07
4.90E-07
3.48E-07
1.04E-06
1.93E-08
O.OOE+00
1.23E-07
1.36E-08
8.62E-07
6.62E-08
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
7.84E-08
1.46E-07
2.39E-06
1.26E-06
1.77E-06
1.94E-06
6.07E-04
1.08E-06
O.OOE+00
1.55E-06
O.OOE+00
1.96E-06
2.52E-06
O.OOE+00
1.55E-07
4.08E-08
4.77E-08
3.51E-07
1.98E-06
1.07E-06
2.19E-06
4.97E-06
7.35E-07
8.39E-08
6.41E-07
3.31E-08
6.07E-07
2.60E-08
4.31E-07
2.06E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
2.44E-06
4.36E-07
O.OOEtOO
1.61E-06
8.53E-07
8.37E-06
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45Et05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E4-06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.S6E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08Et06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36Et06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+Q6
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.023
0.186
0.463
1.007
1.512
0.015
0.000
0.159
0.322
3.560
0.174
0.000
0.000
0.764
0.799
7.456
7.406
9.436
3.777
387.109
4.551
0.000
6.022
0.000
9.002
9.211
0.000
0.468
0.093
0.200
1.653
18.298
12.202
12.006
53.682
0.481
0.058
2.612
0.131
1.769
0.061
2.120
0.231
0.000
0.000
14.015
1.354
0.000
28.331
6.282
99.372
9.196E-06
7.425E-05
1.851E-04
4.029E-04
6.049E-04
6.176E-06
O.OOOE+00
6.366E-05
1.286E-04
1.424E-03
6.973E-05
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
3.055E-04
3.198E-04
2.983E-03
2.963E-03
3.774E-03
1.511E-03
1.548E-01
1.820E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.409E-03
O.OOOE+00
3.601E-03
3.685E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.872E-04
3.727E-05
8.019E-05
6.610E-04
7.319E-03
4.881E-03
4.803E-03
2.147E-02
1.924E-04
2.315E-05
1.045E-03
5.220E-05
7.077E-04
2.455E-05
8.481E-04
9.250E-05
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
5.606E-03
5.417E-04
O.OOOE+00
1.133E-02
2.513E-03
3.975E-02
TOTAL
27
708.379 2.834E-01
-------
TABLE 13. CADMIUM FROM COMMERCIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
HASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IONA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.2
1.8
1.9
1.7
4
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
2.7
0.3
0
0
0.2
0.4
3.4
2.9
3.3
2.2
1.3
0.5
0
3.7
0
3.8
4.7
0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
5.3
2.8
3.7
9.6
2.4
0.3
2.4
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.3
0
0
0.9
0.1
0
3.6
0.3
17.7
3.2
73.8
77.9
69.7
164
4.1
0
28.7
4.1
110.7
12.3
0
0
8.2
16.4
139.4
118.9
135.3
90.2
73.8
20.5
0
151.7
0
155.8
192.7
0
20.5
4.1
4.1
36.9
217.3
114.8
151.7
393.6
98.4
12.3
98.4
12.3
65.6
4.1
57.4
12.3
0
0
36.9
4.1
0
147.6
12.3
725.7
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
. 55965
S1773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.76E-08
2.38E-07
2.95E-07
2.10E-07
6.24E-07
1.17E-08
O.OOE+00
7.39E-08
8.19E-09
5.20E-07
3.99E-08
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
4.73E-08
8.82E-08
1.44E-06
7.60E-07
1.06E-06
1.17E-06
3.66E-04
6.51E-07
O.OOE+00
9.33E-07
O.OOE+00
1.18E-06
1.52E-06
O.OOE+00
9.33E-08
2.46E-08
2.88E-08
2.12E-07
1.19E-06
6.44E-07
1.32E-06
3.00E-06
4.43E-07
5.06E-08
3.86E-07
5.01E-08
3.66E-07
1.57E-08
2.60E-07
1.24E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.47E-06
2.63E-07
O.OOE+00
9.73E-07
5.14E-07
5.05E-06
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
'9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
•5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.5.4E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
• 9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.014
0.112
0.279
0.607
0.912
0.009
0.000
0.096
0.194
2.147
0.105
0.000
0.000
0.461
0.482
4.496
4.466
5.689
2.277
233.404
2.744
0.000
3.631
0.000
5.428
5.554
0.000
0.282
0.056
0.121
0.996
11.032
7.357
7.240
32.367
0.290
0.035
1.575
0.079
1.067
0.037
1.278
0.139
0.000
0.000
8.450
0.817
0.000
17.082
3.738
59.916
3.183E-05
2.574E-04
6.416E-04
1.397E-03
2.097E-03
2.141E-05
O.OOOE+00
2.207E-04
4.460E-04
4.937E-03
2.418E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.059E-03
1.109E-03
1.034E-02
1.027E-02
1.309E-02
5.238E-03
5.368E-01
6.311E-03
O.OOOE+00
8.352E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.248E-02
1.277E-02
O'.OOOE+OO
6.490E-04
1.292E-04
2.7SOE-04
2.292E-03
2.537E-02
1.692E-02
1.665E-02
7.444E-02
6.670E-04
8.026E-05
3.622E-03
1.810E-04
2.453E-03
8.510E-05
2.940E-03
3.207E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.943E-02
1.87BE-03
O.OOOE+00
3.929E-02
8.712E-03
1.378E-01
TOTAL
28
427.111 9.824E-01
-------
TABLE 19. CHROMIUM FROM COMMERCIAL COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX I CO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
H AHA I I
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL!
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
«EST VIRGINI
HASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA-
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEU HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEH YORK
NEK JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.2
1.8
1.9
1.7
4
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
2.7
0.3
0
0
0.2
0.4
3.4
2.9
3.3
2.2
1.8
0.5
0
3.7
0
3.8
4.7
0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
5.3
2.8
3.7
9.6
2. .4
0.3
2.4
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.3
0
0
0.9
0.1
0
3.6
0.3
17.7
360
3240
3420
3060
7200
180
0
1260
180
4860
540
0
0
360
720
6120
5220
5940
3960
3240
900
0
6660
0
6840
8460
0
900
180
190
1620
9540
5040
6660
17280
4320
540
4320
540
2880
ISO
2520
540
0
0
1620
180
0
6480
540
31860
145338
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
7.73E-07
1.04E-05
1.30E-05
9.22E-06
2.74E-05
5.12E-07
O.OOE+00
3.24E-06
3.60E-07
2.28E-05
1.75E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
2.0.8E-06
3.87E-06
6.33E-05
3.34E-05
4.67E-05
5.13E-05
1.61E-02
2.S6E-05
O.OOE+00
4.10E-05
O.OOE+00
5.19E-05
6.66E-05
O.OOE+00
4.09E-06
1.08E-06
1.26E-06
9.30E-06
5.23E-05
2.83E-05
5.79E-05
1.32E-04
1.95E-05
2.22E-06
1.70E-05
2.20E-Q6
1.61E-05
6.87E-07
1.14E-05
5.44E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
6.47E-05
1.15E-05
O.OOE+00
4.27E-05
2.26E-05
2.22E-04
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
.5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.03E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36£t06
4.92EHI6
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.609
4.914
12.247
26.660
40.027
0.409
0.000
4.213
8.513
94.246
4.615
0.000
0.000
20.219
21.163
197.373
196.053
249.777
99.987
10247.009
120.463
0.000
159.414
0.000
238.294
243.832
0.000
12.388
2.466
5.307
43.745
484.351
323.001
317.846
1420.995
12.732
1.532
69.146
3.455
46.331
1.624
56.127
6.121
0.000
0.000
370.974
35.849
0.000
749.946
166.293
2630.440
7.303E-03
5.897E-02
1.470E-01
3.199E-01
4.803E-01
4.905E-03
Oi'OOOE+00
5.055E-02
1.022E-01
1.131E+00
5.538E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
2.426E-01
2.540E-01
2.368E+00
2.353E+00
2.997E+00
1.200E+00
1.230E+02
1.446E+00
O.OOOE+00
1.913E+00
O.OOOE+00
2.860E+00
2.926E+00
O.OOOE+00
1.487E-01
2.960E-02
6.368E-02
5.249E-01
5.812E+00
3.876E+00
3.814E+00
1.705E+01
1.528E-01
1.838E-02
S.293E-01
4.145E-02
5.620E-01
1.949E-02
6.735E-01
7.345E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
4.452E+00
4.302E-01
O.OOOE+00
8.999E+00
1.996E+00
3.157E+01
TOTAL
29
18751.206 2.250E+02
-------
TABLE 20. NICKEL FROM COMMERCIAL COAL COMBUSTION
CQAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
sASHINGTGN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
•MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI .
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.2
i.a
1.9
1.7
4
0.1
0
0.7
0.1
2.7
0.3
0
0
0.2
0.4
3.4
2.9
3.3
2.2
1.3
0.5
0
3.7
0
3.8
4.7
0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.9
5.3
2.3
3.7
9.6
2.4
0.3
2.4
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.3
0
0
0.9
0.1
0
3.6
0.3
17.7
300
2700
2850
2550
6000
150
0
1050
150
4050
450
0
0
300
600
5100
4350
4950
3300
2700
750
0
5550
0
5700
7050
0
750
150
150
1350
7950
4200
5550
14400
3600
450
3600
450
2400
150
2100
450
0
0
1350
150
0
5400
450
26550
145388
96989
32412
103595
82073
109894
113503
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
. 55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7463
44888
6.44E-07
8.69E-06
1.08E-05
7.69E-06
2.23E-05
4.26E-07
O.OOE+OQ
2.70E-06
3.00E-07
1.90E-05
1.46E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00~
1.73E-06
3.23E-06
5.27E-05
2.78E-05
3.89E-05
4.27E-05
1.34E-02
2.38E-05
O.OOE+00
3.41E-05
O.OOE+00
4.33E-05
5.55E-05
O.OOE+00
3.41E-06
9.00E-07
1.05E-06
7.75E-06
4.36E-05
2.36E-05
4.82E-05
1.10E-04
1.62E-05
1.85E-06
1.41E-05
1.S3E-06
1.34E-05
5.73E-07
9.51E-06
4.53E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
5.39E-05
9.62E-06
O.OOE+00
3.56E-05
1.88E-05
1.85E-04
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
. 4.22E+06
5.96E+Q5
3.B9E+06
2.52E+C6
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
l.OSE+07
6.54EM)5
6.90E+05
4.0SE+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36EKI6
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E*05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11Et06
9.4SEt05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.507
4.095
10.206
22.216
33.356
0.341
0.000
3.511
7.094
78.539
3.846
0.000
0.000
16.849
17.635
164.478
163.378
208.148
83.322
8539.174
100.336
0.000
132.845
0.000
198.578
203.193
0.000
10.324
2.055
4.42?
36.455
403.626
269.168
264.871
1184.163
10.610
1.277
57.622
2.379
39.026
1.354
46.772
5.101
0.000
0.000
309.145
29.874
0.000
624.955
138.578
2192.034
1.674E-04
' 1.351E-03
3.368E-03
7.331E-03
1.101E-02
1.124E-04
O.OOOE+00
1.159E-03
2.341E-03
2.592E-02
1.269E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
5.560E-03
5.S20E-03
5.428E-02
5.391E-02
6.869E-02
2.750E-02
2.818E+00
3.313E-02
O.OOOE+00
4.384E-02
O.OOOE+00
6.553E-02
6.705E-02
O.OOOE+00
3.407E-03
6.783E-04
1.459E-03
1.203E-02
1.332E-01
8.833E-02
S.741E-02
3.908E-01
3.501E-03
4.213E-04
1.902E-02
9.500E-04
1.288E-02
4.467E-04
1.543E-02
1.683E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.020E-01
9.359E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.062E-01
4.573E-02
7.234E-01
TOTAL
30
15626.005 5.157E+00
-------
TABLE 21. ARSENIC FROM COMMERCIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
•UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL!
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
WASHINGTON/0
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI.
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
HASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.00
2.80
4.40
2.00
12.80
2.00
1.60
4.50
62.90
9.00
16.10
3.30
2.50
20.70
2.00
3.10
13.50 .
12.60
1.70
4.00
24.00
30.70
4.70
21.60
6. SO
18.90
51.10
2.10
4.10
' 90.20
10.30
19.60
29.90
27.00
18.10
.6.20
2.20
8.60
1.20
4.9
2.20
1.0.30
15.40
5.30
8.50
74.30
24.20
4.70
245.20
122.40
44.70
36
50.4
79.2
36
230.4
36
28.8
81
1132.2
162
289.8
59.4
45
372.6
36
55.8
243
226.8
30.6
72
432
552.6
84.6
388.8
122.4
340.2
919.8
37.8
73.8
1623.6
185.4
352.8
520.2
486
325.3
111.6
39.6
154.8
21.6
38.2
39.6
135.4
277.2
95.4
153
1337.4
435.6
34.6
4413.6
2203.2
804.6
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48343
39704
24119
63
9837
,1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
31778
68945
30995
9273
8993 .
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44838
7.73E-08
1.62E-07
3.00E-07
1.09E-07
8.77E-07
1.02E-07
7.92E-08
2.08E-07
2.26E-06
7.61E-07
9.41E-07
3.25E-08
2.19E-06
2.15E-06
1.94E-07
5.77E-07
1.55E-06
1.78E-06
3.96E-07
3.57E-04
1.37E-05
8.93E-05 '
5.20E-07
2.57E-06
9.29E-07
2.68E-06
1.10E-06
1.72E-07
4.43E-07
1.14E-05
1.06E-06
1.93E-06
2.92E-06
4.22E-06
2.48E-06
5.03E-07
1.63E-07
6.08E-07
8.80E-08
4.92E-07
1.51E-07
8.40E-07
2.79E-06
3.21E-06
5.31E-06
5.34E-05
2.79E-05
2.50E-05
2.91E-05
9.21E-05
5.60E-06
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.B7E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E*06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96Er05
3.89E*06
2.52E+06 .
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71EHJ6
9.26Et06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.061
0.076
0.284
0.314
1.281
0.082
0.215
0.271
53.545
3.142
2.477
0.013
2.111
20.927
1.058
1.800
9.127
9.537
0.773
227.711
57.822
53.233
2.025
6.478
4.264
9.805
15.598
0.520
1.011
47.868
5.006
17.912
33.338
23.194
26.792
0.329
0.112
2.478
0.138
1.434
0.357
4.129
3.142
1.645
4.893
306.259
86.755
23.741
510.796
678.477
66.430
2.611E-04
3.279E-04
1.217E-03
1.346E-03
5.495E-03
3.507E-04
9.239E-04
1.162E-03
2.297E-01
1.348E-02
1.062E-02
5.577E-05
9.055E-03
8.978E-02
4.539E-03
7.720E-03
3.915E-02
4.091E-02
3.315E-03
9.769E-01
2.481E-01
2.284E-01
8.687E-03
2.779E-02
1.S29E-02
4.206E-02
6.692E-02
2.232E-03
4.338E-03
2.054E-01
2.148E-02
7.684E-02
1.430E-01
9.950E-02
1. 149E-01
1.411E-03
4.820E-04
1.063E-02
5.928E-04
6.153E-03
1.533E-03
1.771E-02
1.348E-02
7.057E-03
2.099E-02
1.314E+00
3.722E-01
1.01BE-01
2.191E+00
2.911E+00
2.850E-01
TOTAL
31
2330.793 9.999E+00
-------
TABLE 22. BERYLLIUM FROM COMMERCIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
HYOHIN6
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
HASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA
KANSAS .
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.00
2.80
4.40
2.00
12.80
2.00
1.60
4.50
62.90
9.00
16.10
3.30
2.50
20.70
2.00
3.10
13.50
12.60
1.70
4.00
24.00
30.70
4.70
21.60
6.80
18.90
51.10
2.10
4.10
90.20
10.30
19.60
28.90
27.00
18.10
6.20
2.20
8.60
1.20
4.9
2.20
10.30
15.40
5.30
8.50
74.30
24.20
4.70
245.20
122.40
44.70
2.4
3.36
5.28
2.4
15.36
2.4
1.92
5.4
75.48
10.8
19.32
3.96
3
24.84
2.4
3.72
16.2
15.12
2.04
4.8
28.8
36.84
5.64
25.92
8.16
22.68
61.32
2.52
4.92
108.24
12.36
23.52
34.68
32.4
21.72
7.44
2.64
10.32
1.44
5.88
2.64
12.36
18.48
6.36
10.2
89.16
- 29.04
5.64
294.24
146.83
53.64
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
•55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
5.16E-09
1.08E-08
2.00E-08
7.24E-09
5.84E-08
6.82E-09
5.28E-09
1.39E-08
1.51E-07
5.07E-08
6.27E-08
2.17E-09
1.46E-07
1.43E-07
1.29E-08
3.85E-08
1.04E-07
1.S9E-07
2.64E-08
2.38E-05
9.14E-07
5.96E-06
3.47E-08
1.71E-07
6.19E-08
1.79E-07
7.31E-08
1.15E-08
2.95E-08
7.59E-07
7.09E-08
1.29E-07
1.95E-07
2.82E-07
1.65E-07
3.35E-08
1.09E-08
4.05E-08
5.37E-09
3.28E-08
1.01E-08
5.60E-OB
1.86E-07
2.14E-07
3.54E-07
3.56E-06
1.86E-06
1.67E-06
1.94E-06
6.14E-06
3.73E-07
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65Et05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3. 12E+06
5.87EK>6
5.35E+Q6
1.95E+06
6.38EH35
.4.22E+06
'5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03Et06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1'. 14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54EM)5
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.004
0.005
0.019
0.021
0.085
0.005
0.014
0.018
3.570
0.209
0.165
0.001
0.141
1.395
.0.071
0.120
0.608
0.636
0.052
15.181
3.855
3.549
0.135
0.432
0.284
0.654
1.040
0.035
0.067
3.191
0.334
1.194
2.223
1.546
1.786
0.022
0.007
0.165
0.009
0.096
0.024
0.275
0.209
0.110
0.326
20.417
5.784
1.583
34.053
45.232
4.429
1.623E-06
2.038E-06
7.563E-06
8.364E-06
3.416E-05
2.180E-06
5.743E-06
7.222E-06
1.428E-03
8.377E-05
6.604E-05
3.466E-07
5.629E-05
5.581E-04
2.822E-05
4.799E-05
2.434E-04
2.543E-04
2.060E-05
6.072E-03
1.542E-03
1.420E-03
5.400E-05
1.728E-04
1.137E-04
2.615E-04
4.160E-04
1.387E-05
2.697E-05
1.276E-03
1.335E-04
4.776E-04
8.890E-04
6.185E-04
7.144E-04
8.771E-06
2.996E-06
6.607E-05
3.685E-06
3.825E-05
9.529E-06
1.101E-04
8.379E-05
4.387E-05
1.305E-04
8.167E-03
2.313E-03
6.331E-04
1.362E-02
1.809E-02
1.771E-03
TOTAL
32
155.386 6.215E-02
-------
TABLE 23. CADMIUM FROM COMMERCIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CDNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
HONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEK MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROL!
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA'
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.00
2.80
4.40
2.00
12.80
2.00
1.60
4.50
62.90
9.00
16.10
3.30
2.50
20.70
2.00
3.10
13.50
12.60
1.70
4.00
24.00
30.70
4.70
21.60
6.80
18.90
51.10
'2.10
4.10
90.20
10.30
19.60
28.90
27.00
18.10
6.20
2.20
8.60
1.20
4.9
2.20
10.30
15.40
5.30
8.50
74.30
24.20
4.70
245.20
122.40
44.70
64
89.6
140.8
64
409.6
64
51.2
144
2012.8
238
515.2
105.6
80
662.4
64
99.2
432
403.2
54.4
123
768
982.4
150.4
691.2
217.6
604.3
1635.2
67.2
131.2
2886.4
329.6
627.2
924.3
864
579.2
198.4
70.4
275.2
38.4
156.8
70.4
329.6
492.8
169.6
272
2377.6
774.4
150.4
7846.4
3916.8
1430.4
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
31773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.37E-07
2.89E-07
5.34E-07
1.93E-07
1.56E-06
1.82E-07
1.41E-07
3.71E-07
4.02E-06
1.35E-06
1.67E-06
5.78E-08
3.89E-06
3.82E-06
3.44E-07
1.03E-06
2.76E-06
3.17E-06
7.04E-07
6.35E-04
2.44E-05
1.59E-04
9.25E-07
4.57E-06
1.65E-06
4.76E-06
1.95E-06
3.06E-07
7.87E-07
2.02E-05
1.89E-06
3.44E-06
5.19E-06
7.51E-06
4.41E-06
8.94E-07
2.89E-07
1.08E-06
1.56E-07
8.75E-07
2.69E-07
1.49E-06
4.97E-06
5.71E-06
9.45E-06
9.49E-05
4.96E-05
4.45E-05
5.17E-05
1.64E-04
9.95E-06
7.87Et05
4.71E*05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E*06
7.99Et05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12Et06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59£t06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06.
9.26E+06
1.14Et07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.0SE+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.HE+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.108
0.136
0.504
0.558
2.277
0.145
0.383
0.481
95.191
5.585
4.403
0.023
3.752
37.204
1.881
3.199
16.225
16.955
1.374
404.820
102.795
• 94.645
3.600
11.517
7.581
17.431
27.730
0.925
1.798
85.099
8.900
31.843
59.268
41.234
47.630
0.585
0.200
4.405
0.246
2.550
0.635
7.341
5.586
2.924
8.700
544.461
154.231
42.206
908.082
1206..182
118.097
2.488E-04
3.125E-04
1.160E-03
1.282E-03
5.237E-03
3.342E-04
8.806E-04
1.107E-03
2.189E-01
1.285E-02
1.013E-02
5.315E-05
8.631E-03
8.557E-02
4.327E-03
7.358E-03
3.732E-02
3.900E-02
3.159E-03
9.311E-01
2.364E-01
2.177E-01
8.280E-03
2.649E-02
1.744E-02
4.Q09E-02
6.378E-02
2.127E-03
~ 4.135E-03
1.957E-01
2.047E-02
7.324E-02
1.363E-01
9.484E-02
1.095E-01
1.345E-03
4.594E-04
1.013E-02
5.650E-04
5.S64E-03
1.461E-03
1.688E-02
1.285E-02
6.726E-03
2.001E-02
1.252E+00
3.547E-01
9.707E-02
2.089E+00
2.774E+00
2.716E-01
TOTAL
33
4143.632 9.530E+00
-------
TABLE 24. CHROMIUM FROM COMMERCIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
HYOH1NS
IOAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEH HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIR61NIA
WEST VIRBINI
HASHIN6TQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.00
2.90
4.40
2.00
12.30
2.00
1.60
4.50
62.90
9.00
16.10
3.30
2.50
20.70
2.00
3.10
13.50
12.60
1.70
4.00
24.00
30.70
4.70
21.60
6.80
18.90
51.10
2.10
4.10
90.20
10.30
19.60
28.90
27.00
18.10
6.20
2.20
8.60
1.20
4.9
2.20
10.30
15.40
5.30
8.50
74.30
24.20
4.70
245.20
122.40
44.70
154
215.6
333.8
154
985.6
154
123.2
346.5
4843.3
693
1239.7
254.1
192.5
1593.9
154
233.7
1039.5
970.2
130.9
308
1848
2363.9
361.9
1663.2
523.6
1455.3
3934.7
16K7
315.7
6945.4
793.1
1509.2
2225.3
2079
1393.7
477.4
169.4
662.2
92.4
377.3
169.4
793.1
1185.8
408.1
654.5
5721.1
1863.4
361.9
18890.4
9424.9
• 3441.9
145388
96989
82412
103595
92073
109894
113509
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
49943
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
. 55965
91778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44889
3.31E-07
6.94E-07
1.28E-06
4.64E-07
3.75E-06
4.38E-07
3.39E-07
8.92E-07
9.68E-06
3.25E-06
4.03E-06
1.39E-07
9.36E-06
9.19E-06
8.28E-07
2.47E-06
6.65E-06
7.63E-06
1.69E-06
1.53E-03
5.87E-05
3.92E-04
2.23E-06
1.10E-05
3.97E-06
1.15E-05
4.69E-06
7.36E-07
1.99E-06
4.87E-05
4.55E-06
8.29E-06
1.25E-05
1.81E-05
1.06E-05
2.15E-06
6.97E-07
2.60E-06
3.77E-07
2.11E-06
6.47E-07
3.59E-06
1.19E-05
1.37E-05
2.27E-05
2.28E-04
1.19E-04
1.07E-04
1.24E-04
3.94E-04
2.39E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65Et05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
' 5.96Et05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E*07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08Et07
6.54E+05
6.9QE+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+G6
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12Et05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.260
0.327
1.213
1.342
5.479
0.350
0.921
1.159
229.054
13.439
10.594
0.056
9.029
89.521
4.526
7.698
39.042
40.797
3.305
974.098
247.350
227.740
8.662
27.712
18.241
41.944
66.726
2.226
4.326
204.769
21.416
76.623
142.614
99.219
114.609
1.407
0.481
10.599
0.591
6.135
1.529
17.664
13.441
7.037
20.933
1310.109
371.118
101.559
2185.073
2902.375
284.172
3.124E-03
3.924E-03
1.456E-02
1.610E-02
6.575E-02
4.196E-03
1.106E-02
1.390E-02
2.749E+00
1.613E-01
1.271E-01
6.673E-04
1.084E-01
1.074E+00
5.432E-02
9.238E-02
4.685E-01
4.896E-01
3.966E-02
1.169E+01
2.968EtOO.
2.733ErOO
1.039E-01
3.325E-01
2.139E-01
5.033E-01
8.007E-01
2.671E-02
5.191E-02
2.457E+00
2.570E-01
9.195E-01
1.711E+00
1.191E+00
1.375E+00
1.688E-02
5.767E-03
1.272E-01
7.093E-03
7.362E-02
1.934E-02
2.120E-01
1.613E-01
9.444E-02
2.512E-01
1.572E+01
4.453E+00
1.219E+00
2.622E+01
3.483E+01
3.410E+00
TOTAL
34
9970.614 1.196E+02
-------
TABLE 25. NICKEL FROM COMMERCIAL OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICQ
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
ORE6QN
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
2.00
2.80
4.40
2.00
12.80
2.00
1.60
4.50
62.90
9.00
16.10
3.30
2.50
20.70
2.00
3.10
13.50
12.60
1.70
4.00
24.00
30.70
4.70
21.60
6.80
18.90
51.10
2.10
4.10
90.20
10.30
19.60
23.90
27.00
18.10
6.20
2.20
8.60
1.20
4.9
2.20
10.30
15.40
5.30
8.50
74.30
24.20
4.70
245.20
122.40
44.70
2200
3080
4840
2200
14080
2200
1760
4950
69190
9900
17710
3630
2750
22770
2200
3410
14850
13860
1870
4400
26400
33770
5170
23760
7480
20790
56210
2310
4510
99220
11330
21560
31790
29700
19910
6820
2420
9460
1320
5390
2420
11330
16940
5830
9350
81730
26620
5170
269720
134640
49170
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426 *
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
31778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
4.73E-06
9.92E-06
1.83E-05
6.63E-06
5.36E-05
6.25E-06
4.84E-06
1.27E-05
1.38E-04
4.65E-05
5.75E-05
1.99E-06
1.34E-04
1.31E-04
1.18E-05
3.53E-05
9.50E-05
1.09E-04
2.42E-05
2.18E-02
8.38E-04
5.46E-03
3.13E-05
1.57E-04
5.68E-05
1.64E-04
6.70E-05
1.05E-05
2.70E-05
6.96E-04
6.50E-05
1.13E-04
1.78E-04
2.58E-04
1.52E-04
3.07E-05
9.95E-06
3.71E-05
5.38E-06
3.01E-05
9.24E-06
5.13E-05
1.71E-04
1.96E-04
3.25E-04
3.26E-03
1.71E-03
1.53E-03
1.78E-03
5.63E-03
3.42E-04
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99Et05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95Et06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
.5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E*06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E*05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06-
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11Et06
9.48EtQ5
1.76Et07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
3.719
4.671
17.332
19.167
78.275
4.995
13.162
16.550
3272.194
191.983
151.347
0.794
128.991
1278.871
64.663
109.974
557.738
582.814
47.216
13915.691
3533.571
3253.435
123.749
395.889
260.590
599.204
953.235
31.797
61.799
2925.268
305.948
1094.613
2037.344
1417.420
1637.269
20.100
6.366
151.417
8.444
87.646
21.838
252.348
192.020
100.529
299.046
18715.847
5301.686
1450.836
31215.327
41462.507
4059.597
1.227E-03
1.541E-03
5.720E-03
6.325E-03
2.583E-02
1.648E-03
4.343E-03
5.462E-03
1.080E+00
6.335E-02
4.994E-02
2.621E-04
4.257E-02
4.220E-01
2.134E-02
3.629E-02
1.841E-01
1.923E-01
1.558E-02
4.592E+00
1.166E+00
1.074E+00
4.084E-02
1.306E-01
8.599E-02
1.977E-01
3.146E-01
1.049E-02
2.039E-02
9.653E-01
1.010E-01
3.612E-01
6.723E-01
4.677E-01
5.403E-01
6.633E-03
2.266E-03
4.997E-02
2.787E-03
2.892E-02
7.207E-03
8.327E-02
6.337E-02
3.317E-02
9.869E-02
6.176E+00
1.750E+00
4.78BE-01
1.030E+01
1.368E+01
1.340E+00
TOTAL
35
142437.336 4.700E+01
-------
TABLE 26. ARSENIC FROM INDUSTRIAL COAL COMBUSTION
coal
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOHIN6
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
HASHIM6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAHARE
ALABAHA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I OH A
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEK HAHPSHIR
HASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
4.6
41.8
10.4
43.9
47.6
3.4
16.5
0.2
78.6
8.8
5.7
0
0
19.3
19.2
45.7
34.5
91.7
148.2
0.6
83.6
5
185.2
1.4
67.7
66.4
81.8
10.7
9.1
2.7
57.1
198.2
135.9
411.2
404.2
14.8
3.2
26.1
7.3
36.7
8.4
40.5
2.7
0.1
0.3
2.8
0.1
0.1
147.1
0.8
548.9
460
4180
1040
4380
4760
340
1650
20
7860
3BO
570
0
0
1980
1920
4570
3450
9170
14820
60
8360
500
18520
140
6770
6640
• 8180
1070
910
270
5710
19820
13590
41120
40420
1480
320
2610
730
3670
840
4050
270
10
30
280
10
10
14710
80
54890
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
' 81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
9.88E-07
1.35E-05
3.94E-06
1.32E-05
1.81E-05
9.66E-07
4.54E-06
5.15E-08
1.57E-05
4. 13E.-Q6
1.85E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1. HE-OS
1.03E-05
4.73E-05
2.21E-05
7.21E-05
1.92E-04
2.97E-04
2.65E-04
8.08E-05
1.S4E-04
9.26E-07
5.14E-05
5.23E-05
9.75E-06
4.37E-06
5.46E-06
1.39E-06
3.28E-05
1.09E-04
7.63E-05
3.57E-04
3.08E-Q4
6.67E-06
1.32E-06
1.02E-05
2.97E-06
2.05E-05
3.21E-06
1.83E-05
2.72E-06
3.37E-07
1.04E-06
1.12E-05
6.41E-07
2.96E-06
9.70E-05
3.35E-06
3.82E-04
7.87Et05
4.71Et05
9.45E+05
2.B9E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
•5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52Et06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E*05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.778
6.339
3.724
38.160
26.462
0.772
12.339
0.067
371.722
17.065
4.871
0.000
0.000
111.206
56.433
147.385
129.575
385.599
374.193
189.759
1118.964
48.170
443.295
2.333
235.855
191.376
138.720
14.728
12.469
7.960
154.189
1006.272
870.950
1962.434
3323.879
4.362
0.908
41.776
4.670
59.678
7.580
90.204
3.061
0.172
0.960
64.119
1.992
2.806
1702.423
24.636
4531.854
3.336E-03
2.720E-02
1.598E-02
1.637E-01
1.135E-01
3.312E-03
5.293E-02
2.369E-04
1.595E+00
7.321E-02
2.090E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
4.771E-01
2.421E-01
6.323E-01
5.559E-01
1.654E+00
1.605E+00
8.141E-01
4.300E+00
2.067E-01
1.902E+00
1.001E-02
1.012E+00
8.210E-01
5.951E-01
6.318E-02
5.349E-02
3.415E-02
6.615E-01
4.317E+00
3.736E+00
8.419E+00
l.-426Et01
1.871E-02
3.895E-03
1.792E-01
2.003E-02
2.560E-01
3.252E-02
3.370E-01
1.313E-02
7.397E-04
4.116E-03
2.751E-01
8.544E-03
1.204E-02
7.303E+00
1.057E-01
1.944E+01
TOTAL
36
17949.247 7.700E+01
-------
TABLE 27. BERYLLIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL COAL COMBUSTION
coal
EMISSIONS AREA
CDNCENTRA POP •
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HANPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
4.6
41.8
10.4
43.8
. 47.6
3.4
16.5
0.2
78.6
8.8
5.7
0
0
19.8
19.2
45.7
34.5
91.7
148.2
0.6
83.6
5
185.2
1.4
67.7
66.4
81.8
10.7
9.1
2.7
57.1
198.2
135.9
411.2
404.2
14.8
3.2
26.1
7.3
36.7
3.4
40.5
2.7
0.1
0.3
2.8
0.1
0.1
147.1
0.8
548.9
55.2
501.6
124.8
525.6
571.2
40.8
198
2.4
943.2
105.6
63.4
0
0
237.6
230.4
548.4
414
1100.4
1778.4
7.2
1003.2
60
2222.4
16.8
812.4
796.8
981.6
128.4
109.2
32.4
685.2
2378.4
1630.8
4934.4
4850.4
177.6
38.4
313.2
87.6
440.4
100.3
486
32.4
1.2
3.6
33.6
1.2
1.2
1765.2
9.6
6586.8
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
• 109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96134
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44388
1.19E-07
1.62E-06
4.73E-07
1.58E-06
2.17E-06
1.16E-07
5.45E-07
6.18E-09
1.88E-06
4.96E-07
2.22E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.37E-06
1.24E-06
5.67E-06
2.65E-06
3.66E-06
2.30E-05
3.57E-05
3.18E-05
9.70E-06
1.37E-05
1.11E-07
6.16E-06
6.27E-06
1.17E-06
5.84E-07
6.55E-07
2.27E-07
3.93E-06
1.30E-05
9. 15E-06
4.29E-05
3.69E-05
8.00E-07
1.58E-07
1.23E-06
3.57E-07
2.46E-06
3.85E-07
2.20E-06
3.26E-07
4.04E-08
1.25E-07
1.34E-06
7.69E-08
3.55E-07
1.16E-05
4.01E-07
4.58E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
'5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
i.42EM)7
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+Q6
9.26E+06
1.14EMJ7
5.49E+06
1.03EH)7
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.093
0.761
0.447
4.579
3.175
0.093
1.431
0.008
44.607
2.048
0.585
0.000
0.000
13.345
6.772
17.686
15.549
46.272
44.903
22.771
134.276
5.780
53.195
0.280
28.303
22.965
16.646
1.767
1.496
0.955
18.503
120.753
104.514
235.492
398.865
0.523
0.109
5.013
0.560
7.161
0.910
10.824
0.367
0.021
0.115
7.694
. 0.239
0.337
204.291
2.956
543.822
3.733E-05
3.043E-04
1.7S8E-04
1.832E-03
1.270E-03
3.706E-05
5.923E-04
3.210E-06
1.784E-02
8.191E-04
2.338E-04
O.OQOE+00
O.OOOE+00
5.338E-03
2.709E-03
7.074E-03
6.220E-03
1.851E-02
1.796E-02
9.108E-03
5.371E-02
2.312E-03
2.128E-02
1.120E-04
1.132E-02
9.186E-03
6.659E-03
7.070E-04
5.985E-04
3.321E-04
7.401E-03
4.830E-02
4.181E-02
9.420E-02
1.595E-01
2.094E-04
4.358E-05
2.005E-03
2.242E-04
2.865E-03
3.638E-04
4.330E-03
1.469E-04
8.277E-06
4.606E-05
3.078E-03
9.560E-05
1.347E-04
8.172E-02
1.183E-03
2.175E-01
TOTAL
37
2153.910 3.616E-01
-------
TABLE 28. CADMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL COAL COMBUSTION
coal
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEN MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
WASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA .
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEH HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEH JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
4.6
41.8
10.4
43.8
47.4
3.4
16.5
0.2
78.6
8.8
5.7
0
0
19.8
19.2
45.7
34.5
91.7
148.2
0.6
83.6
5
185.2
1.4
67.7
66.4
81.8
10.7
9.1
2.7
57.1
198.2
135.9
411.2
404.2
14.8
3.2
26.1
7.3
36.7
8.4
40.5
2.7
0.1
0.3
2.8
0.1
0.1
147.1
0.8
548.9
35.42
321.86
80.08
337.26
366.52
26.18
127.05
1.54
605.22
67.76
43.89
0
0
152.46
147.84
351.89
265.65
706.09
1141.14
4.62
643.72
38.5
1426.04
10.78
521.29
511.28
629.86
82.39
70.07
20.79
439.67
1526.14
1046.43
3166.24
3112.34
113.96
24.64
200.97
56.21
282.59
64.68
311.85
20.79
0.77
2.31
21.56
0.77
0.77
1132.67
6.16
4226.53
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
SI 773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
7.61E-08
1.04E-06
3.03E-07
1.02E-06
1.39E-06
7.44E-08
3.50E-07
3.96E-09
1.21E-06
3.18E-07-
1.43E-07
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
8.79E-07
7.95E-07
3.64E-06
1.70E-06
5.55E-06
1.48E-05
2.29E-05
2.04E-05
6.22E-06
8.77E-06
7.13E-08
3.96E-06
4.03E-06
7.51E-07
3.75E-07
4.20E-07
1.46E-07
2.52E-06
8.37E-06
5.87E-06
2.75E-05
2.37E-05
5.14E-07
1.01E-07
7.89E-07
2.29E-07
1.58E-06
2.47E-07
1.41E-06
2.09E-07
2.59E-08
8.02E-08
8.61E-07
4.94E-08
2.28E-07
7.47E-06
2.58E-07
2.94E-05
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E*07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65EK>5
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.'96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03£t06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06 '
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.060
0.488
0.287
2.938
2.038
0.059
0.950
0.005
28.623
1.314
0.375
0.000
0.000
8.563
4.345
11.349
9.977
29.691
28.813
14.611
86.160
. 3.709
34.134
0.180
18.161
14.736
10.681
1.134
0.960
0.613
11.873
77.483
67.063
151.107
255.939
0.336
0.070
3.217
0.360
4.595
0.584
6.946
0.236
0.013
0.074
4.937
0.153
0.216
131.087
1.897
348.953
1.377E-04
1.123E-03
6.596E-04
6.758E-03
4.6B6E-03
1.367E-04
2.185E-03
1.184E-05
6.583E-02
3.022E-03
8.627E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.969E-02
9.994E-03
2.610E-02
2.295E-02
6.829E-02
6.627E-02
3.361E-02
1.982E-01
8.531E-03
7.851E-02
4.131E-04
4.177E-Q2
3.389E-02
2.457E-02
2.608E-03
2.208E-03
1.410E-03
2.731E-02
1.782E-01
1.542E-01
3.475E-01
5.887E-01
7.725E-04
1.608E-04
7.398E-03
3.271E-04
1.057E-02
1.342E-03
1.598E-02
5.420E-04
3.054E-05
1.699E-04
1.136E-02
3.527E-04
4.970E-04
3.015E-01
4.363E-03
8.026E-01
TOTAL
38
1382.092 3.179E+00
-------
TABLE 29. CHROMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL COAL COMBUSTION
coal
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
WASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAHA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
4.6
41.8
10.4
43.8
47.6
3.4
16.5
0.2
78.6
8.8
5.7
0
0
19.8
19.2
45.7
34.5
91.7
148.2
0.6
83.6
5
185.2
1.4
67.7
66.4
31.8
10.7
9.1
2.7
57.1
198.2
135.9
411.2
404.2
14.8
3.2
26.1
7.3
36.7
8.4
40.5
2.7
0.1
0.3
2.8
0.1
0.1
147.1
0.8
548.9
1380
12540
3120
13140
14280
1020
4950
60
23580
2640
1710
0
0
5940
5760
13710
10350
27510
44460
180
25080
1500
55560
420
20310
19920
24540
3210
2730
810
17130
59460
40770
123360
121260
4440
960
7830
2190
11010
2520
12150
810
30
90
840
30
30
44130
240
164670
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
43843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
2.96E-06
4.04E-05
1.18E-05
3.96E-05'
5.43E-05
2.90E-06
1.36E-05
1.54E-07
4.71E-05
1.24E-05
5.55E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
3.43E-05
3.10E-05
1.42E-04
6.62E-05
2.16E-04
5.76E-04
8.92E-04
7.96E-04
2.42E-04
3.42E-04
2.78E-06
1.54E-04
1.57E-04
2.92E-05
1.46E-05
1.64E-05
5.68E-06
9.83E-05
3.26E-04
2.29E-04
1.07E-03
9.24E-04
2.00E-05
3.95E-06
3.07E-05
8.92E-06
6.14E-05
9.62E-06
5.50E-05
8.16E-06
1.01E-06
3.13E-06
3.35E-05
1.92E-06
8.88E-06
2.91E-04
l.OOE-05
1.15E-03
7.97E+05
4.71E+05
9.45EHJ5
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4. 13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05 .
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+Q6
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5. 12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
2.333
19.018
11.173
114.479
79.387
2.316
37.017
0.201
1115.166
51.196
14.613
0.000
0.000
333.619
169.300
442.155
388.726
1156.797
1122.579
569.278
3356.893
144.511
1329.885
6.998
707.565
574.129
416.161
44.185
37.408
23.881
462.567
3018.817
2612.851
5887.303
9971.636
13.036
2.724
125.327
14.010
179.033
22.740
270.611
9.182
0.517
2.879
. 192.357
5.975
8.419
5107.268
73.908
13595.562
2.799E-02
2.282E-01
1.341E-01
1.374E+00
9.526E-01
2.779E-02
4.442E-01
2.407E-03
1.338E+01
6.143E-01
1.754E-01
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
4.003E+00
2.032E+00
5.306E+00
4.665E+00
1.388E+01
1.347E+01
6.831E+00
4.028E+01
1.734E+00
1.596E+01
8.398E-02
8.491E+00
6.890E+00
4.994E+00
5.302E-01
4.489E-01
2.866E-01
5.551E+00
3.623E+01
3.135E+01
7.065E+01
1.197E+02
1.570E-01
3.268E-02
1.504E+00
1.681E-01
2.148E+00
2.729E-01
3.247E+00
1.102E-01
6.208E-03
3.454E-02
2.308E+00
7.170E-02
1.010E-01
6.129E+01
8.869E-01
1.631E+02
TOTAL
39
53847.740 6.462E+02
-------
TABLE 30. NICKEL FROM INDUSTRIAL COAL COMBUSTION
coal
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIR6INI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOHA'
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
4.6
41.8
10.4
43.8
47.6
3.4
16.5
0.2
78.6
8.8
5.7
0
0
19.3
19.2
45.7
34.5
91.7
148.2
0.6
83.6
5
SS5.2
1.4
67.7
66.4
81.8
10.7
9.1
2.7
57.1
198.2
135.9
411.2
404.2
14.8
3.2
26.1
7.3
36.7
8.4
40.5
2.7
0.1
0.3
2.8
0.1
0.1
147.1
0.3
548.9
253
2299
572
2409
2618
187
907.5
11
4323
484
313.5
0
0
1089
1056
2513.5
1897.5
5043.5
8151
33
4598
275
10186
77
3723.5
3652
4499
588.5
500.5
148.5
3140.5
10901
7474.5
22616
22231
814
176
1435.5
401.5
2018.5
462
2227.5
148.5
5.5
16.5
154
5.5
5.5
8090.5
44
30189.5
145338
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
5.43E-07
7.40E-06
2.17E-06
7.26E-06
9.96E-06
5.31E-07
2.50E-06
2.83E-08
8.64E-06
2.27E-06
1.02E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOEtOO
6.28E-06
5.6SE-06
2.60E-05
1.21E-05
3.97E-05
1.06E-04
1.64E-04
1.46E-04
4.45E-05
6.27E-05
5.09E-07
2.33E-Q5
2.88E-05
5.36E-06
2.63E-06
3.00E-06
1.04E-06
l.SOE-05
5.98E-05
4.19E-05
1.97E-04
1.69E-04
3.67E-Q6
7.24E-07
5.64E-06
1.64E-06
1.13E-05
1.76E-06
1.01E-05
1.50E-06
1.85E-07
5.73E-07
6.15E-06
3.53E-07
1.63E-06
5.33E-05
1.84E-06
2.10E-04
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E*07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12Et06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E*07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E*Q6
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.0SE+06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36E*06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E^05
9.21E*05
5.74Et06
3.11E+06
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.428
3.487
2.048
20.988
14.554
0.425
6.786
0.037
204.447
9.386
2.679
0.000
0.000
61.163
31.038
81.062
71.266
212.080
205.806
104.368
615.430
26.494
243.812
1.283
129.720
105.257
76.296
8.101
6.858
4.378
84.804
553.450
479.023
1079.339
1328.133
2.399
0.499
22.977
2.568
32.823
4.169.
49.612
1.633
0.095
0.528
35.265
1.095
1.543
936.333
13.550
2492.520
1.411E-04
1.151E-03
6.760E-04
6.926E-03
4.303E-03
1.401E-04
2.240E-03
1.214E-05
6.747E-02
3.097E-03
3.841E-04
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOEtOO
2.01SE-02
1.024E-02
2.675E-02
2.352E-02
6.999E-02
6.792E-02
3.444E-02
2.031E-01
3.743E-03
8.046E-02
4.234E-04
4.281E-02
3.473E-02
2.518E-02
2.673E-03
2.263E-03
1.445E-03
2.799E-02
1.326E-01
1.581E-01
3.562E-01
6.033E-01
7.917E-04
1.648E-04
7.582E-03
8.476E-04
1.083E-02
1.376E-03
1.637E-02
5.555E-04
3. 130E-05
1.742E-04
1.164E-02
3.615E-04
5.093E-04
3.090E-01
4.471E-03
8.225E-01
TOTAL
40
9872.086 3.258E+00
-------
TABLE 31. ARSENIC FROM INDUSTRIAL OIL COMBUSTION
oil
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW HEX ICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
HASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
36.5
50
13.6
35.6
28.3
3.8
22.1
21.2
180
66.6
39.2
10.5
17.4
129
59.5
33.3
79.5
55
30.3
2.9
37.7
15.1
48.4
35.3
38.8
45.3
285.9
27.6
32.2
156.7
30.!
54.5
127.3
105.6
116.2
16.4
10.1
45.2
20.2
29.6
29.2
32.6
30.1
4.5
9.1
29.7
62.3
6.7
149.8
162
138.5
839.5
1150
312.8
318.3
650.9
87.4
508.3
487.6
4140
1531.3
901.6
241.5
400.2
2944
1368.5
880.9
1828.5
1265
696.9
66.7
867.1
347.3
1113.2
311.9
892.4
1053.4
6575.7
634.8
740.6
3604.1
692.3
1253.5
2927.9
2428.8
2672.6
377.2
232.3
1039.6
464.6
680.8
671.6
749. S
692.3
103.5
209.3
683.1
1432.9
154.1
3445.4
3726
3185.5
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.SOE-Q6
3.70E-06
1.19E-06
2.47E-06
2.48E-06
2.48E-07
1.40E-06
1.26E-06
8.27E-06
7.19E-06
2.93E-06
1.32E-07
1.95E-05
1.70E-05
7.36E-06
9.11E-06
1.17E-05
9.95E-06
9.02E-06
3.31E-04
2.75E-05
5.61E-05
6.85E-06
5.37E-06
6.77E-06
3.29E-06
7.S4E-06
2.89E-06
4.44E-06
2.53E-05
3.97E-06
6.87E-06
1.64E-05
2.11E-05
2.04E-05
1.70E-06
9.55E-07
4.08E-06
1.S9E-06
3.80E-06
2.56E-06
3.40E-06
6.98E-06
3.49E-06
7.27E-06
2.73E-05
9.19E-05
4.56E-05
2.27E-05
1.56E-04
2.22E-05
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E*06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
' "4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E*05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52EK16
4.59EA06
3.66Et06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20EMJ6
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+G6
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
1.419
1.744
1.120
7.134
' 3.619
0.198
3.801
1.630
195.792
29.705
7.705
0.053
18.772
165.349
40.224
28.410
68.675
53.193
17.596
210.949
116.059
33.459
26.646
13.528
31.090
30.361
111.514
8.738
10.148
106.258
18.694
63.641
137.642
115.913
219.777
1.112
0.659
16.640
2.972
11.070
6.061
16.700
7.847
1.785
6.694
156.427
285.379
43.244
398.744
1147.425
263.003
6.088E-03
7.482E-03
4.805E-03
3.060E-02
1.552E-02
8.514E-04
1.631E-02
6.994E-03
8.399E-01
1.274E-01
3.305E-02
2.267E-04
8.053E-02
7.093E-01
1.726E-01
1.219E-01
2.946E-01
2..282E-01
7.549E-02
9.050E-01
4.979E-01
1.435E-01
1.143E-01
5.803E-02
1.334E-01
1.302E-01
4.784E-01
3.749E-02
4.354E-02
4.558E-01
8.020E-02
2.730E-01
8.050E-01
4.973E-.01
9.428E-01
4.769E-03
2.327E-03
7.139E-02
1.275E-02
4.749E-02
2.600E-02
7. 164E-02
3.367E-02
7.656E-03
2.872E-02
6.711E-01
1.224E+00
1.855E-01
1.711E+00
4.922E+00
1.128E+00
TOTAL
41
4316.319 1.852E+01
-------
, TABLE 32. BERYLLIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL OIL COMBUSTION
oil
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
HYOHIN6
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
HASHIN6TQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEKAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA
KANSAS
MISSOURI •
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
36.5
50
13.6
35. a
. 29.3
3.8
22.1
21.2
130
66.6
39.2
10.5
17.4
129
59.5
38.3
79.5
55
30.3
2.9
37.7
15.1
48.4
35.3
38.B
45.8
285.9
27.6
32.2
156.7
30.1
54.5
127.3
105.6
Hi. 2
16.4
10.1
45.2
20.2
29.6
29.2
32.6
30.1
4.5
9.1
29.7
62.3
6.7
149.8
162
138.5
167.9
230
62.56
163.76
130.18
17.49
101.66
97.52
829
306.36
190.32
48.3
90.04
588.9
273.7
176.18
365.7
253
139.38
13.34
173.42
69.46
222.64
162.39
179.48
210.69
1315.14
126.96
149.12
720.92
139.46
250.7
595.59
485.76
534.52
75.44
46.46
207.92
92.92
136.16
134.32
149.96
138.46
20.7
41.86
136.62
286.53
30.32
689.08
745.2
637.1
145398
96989
82412
103595
92073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
49843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
, 41'004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44883
3.61E-07
7.41E-07
2.37E-07
4.94E-07
4.95E-07
4.97E-08
2.80E-07
2.51E-07
1.65E-06
1.44E-06
5.85E-07
2.64E-08
3.89E-06
3.40E-06
1.47E-06
1.32E-06
2.34E-06
1.99E-06
1.80E-06
6.61E-05
5.51E-06
1.12E-05
1.37E-06
1.07E-06
1.35E-06
1.66E-06
1.57E-06
5.78E-07
8.89E-07
5.06E-06
7.94E-07
1.37E-06
3.29E-06
4.22E-06
4.07E-06
3.40E-07
1.91E-07
8.16E-07
3.79E-07
7.60E-07
5.13E-07
6.79E-07
1.40E-06
6.97E-07
1.45E-06
5.45E-06
1.84E-05
9.12E-06
4.54E-06
3.12E-05
4.43E-06
7.37E+Q5
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87Et06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E*05
3.89E*06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29Et06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+Q5
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+Q5
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.ME+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.284
0.349
0.224
1.427
0.724
0.040
0.760
0.326
39.158
5.941
1.541
0.011
3.754
33.070
9.045
5.682
13.735
10.639
3.519
42.190
23.212
6.692
5.329
2.706
6.218
6.072
22.303
1.748
2.030
21.252
3.739
12.728
37.528
23.183
43.955
0.222
0.132
3.328
0.594
2.214
1.212
3.340
1.569
0.357
1.339
31.285
57.076
8.649
79.749
229.485
52.601
1.135E-04
1.395E-04
8.961E-05
5.707E-04
2.S95E-04
1.588E-05
3.041E-04
1.304E-04
1.566E-02
2.376E-03
6.164E-04
4.228E-06
1.502E-03
1.323E-02
3.218E-03
2.273E-03
5.494E-03
4.255E-03
1.408E-03
1.688E-02
9.285E-03
2.677E-03
2.132E-03
1.082E-03
2.487E-03
2.429E-03
8.921E-03
6.990E-04
8.119E-04
8.501E-03
1.496E-03
5.091E-03
1.501E-02
9.273E-03
1.758E-02
8.894E-05
5.273E-05
1.331E-03
2.373E-04
8.856E-04
4.948E-04
1.336E-03
6.278E-04
1.428E-04
5.355E-04
1.251E-02
2.283E-02
3.460E-03
3.190E-02
9.179E-02
2.104E-02
TOTAL
42
863.264 3.453E-01
-------
TABLE 33. CADMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL OIL COMBUSTION
311
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEH MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRSINI
HASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOHA
KANSAS
MISSOURI-
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
36.5
50
13.6
35.6
23.3
3.8
22.1
21.2
ISO
66.6
39.2
10.5
!7.4
129
59.5
38.3
79.5
55
30.3
2.9
37.7
15.1
48.4
35.3
38.8
45.9
285.9
•1~! L
*./ . 0
32.2
156.7
30.1
54.5
127.3
105.6
116.2
16.4
10.1
45.2
20.2
29.6
29.2
32.6
30.1
4.5
9.1
29.7
62.3
6.7
149.8
162
138.5
511
700
190.4
498.4
396.2
53.2
309.4
296.8
2520
932.4
549.3
147
243.6
1792
833
536.2
1113
770
424.2
40.6
527.3
211.4
677.6
494.2
543.2
641.2
4002.6
336.4
450.8
2193.8
421.4
763
'1732.2
1478.4
1626.8
229.6
141.4
632.3
282.8
414.4
408.3
456.4
421.4
63
127.4
415.8
872.2
93.8
2097.2
2268
1939
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
• 55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.10E-06
2.25E-06
7.22E-07
1.50E-06
1.51E-06
1.51E-07
8.51E-07
7.64E-07
5.04E-06
4.38E-06
1.78E-06
8.04E-08
1.18E-05
1.03E-05
4.48E-06
5.54E-06
7.12E-06
6.06E-06
5.49E-06
2.01E-04
1.68E-05
3.42E-05
4.17E-06
3.27E-06
4.12E-06
5.05E-06
4.77E-06
1.76E-06
2.70E-06
1.54E-05
2.42E-06
4.18E-06
l.OOE-05
1.28E-05
1.24E-05
1.03E-06
5.81E-07
2.48E-06
1.15E-06
2.31E-06
1.56E-06
2.07E-06
4.25E-06
2.12E-06
4.42E-06
1.66E-05
5.59E-05
2.78E-05
1.38E-05
9.48E-05
1.35E-05
7.87Et05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89Et06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E4-05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E*06
5.B7E+06
5.35EH56
1.95E+06
6.38EHJ5
4.22E+06
" 5.96E+05 .
3.89E+06
2.52E+Q6
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03EMJ6
2.29E+06
4.20EK>6
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
l.OBEtO?
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E*06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36E+0&
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74Et06
3.11E+06
9.48E*05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.364
1.062
0.682
4.342
2.203
0.121
2.314
0.992
119.178
18.081
4.690
0.032
11.426
100.647
24.484
17.293
41.802
32.379
10.711
128.404
70.645
20.366
16.219
8.234
18.924
18.481
67.878
5.319
6.177
64.679
11.379
38.738
114.217
70.556
'133.777
0.677
0.401
10.129
1.309
6.739
3.689
10.165
4.777
1.086
4.075
95.217
173.709
26.323
242.714
698.433
160.089
1.987E-03
2.442E-03
1.56SE-03
9.987E-03
5.066E-03
2.778E-04
5.322E-03
2.282E-03
2.741E-01
4.159E-02
1.079E-02
7.399E-05
2.628E-02
2.315E-01
5.631E-02
3.977E-02
9.614E-02
7.447E-02
2.463E-02
2.953E-01
1.625E-01
4.6S4E-02
3.730E-02
1.894E-02
4.353.E-02
4.251E-02
T.561E-01
1.223E-02
1.421E-02
1.48SE-01
2.617E-02
8.910E-02
2.627E-01
1.623E-01
3.077E-01
1.556E-03
9.227E-04
2.330E-02
4.161E-03
1.550E-02
8.485E-03
2.338E-02
1.099E-02
2.499E-03
9.372E-03
2. 190E-01
3.995E-01
6.054E-02
5.582E-01
1.606E+00
3.682E-01
TOTAL
43
2627.325 6.043E+00
-------
TABLE 34. CHROMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL OIL COMBUSTION
311
EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
36.5
50
13.6
35.6
23.3
3.S
22.1
21.2
130
66.6
39.2
10.5
17.4
129
59.5
33.3
79.5
55
30.3
2.9
37.7
.15.1
48.4
35.3
3B.8
45.8
285.9
27.6
32.2
156.7
30.1
54.5
127.3
105.6
.116.2
16.4
10.1
45.2
20.2
29.6
29.2
32.6
30.1
4.5
9.1
29.7
62.3
6.7
149.8
162
138.5
2007.5
2750
748
1958
1556.5
209
1215.5
1166
9900
3663
2156
577.5
957
7040
3272.5
2106.5
4372.5
3025
1666.5
159.5
2073.5
330.5
2662
1941.5
2134
2519
15724.5
1513
1771
8613.5
1655.5
2997.5
7001.5
5808
6391
902
555.5
2486
1111
1628
1606
1793
1655.5
247.5
500.5
1633.5
3426.5
368.5
3239
3910
7617.5
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96134
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
' 31778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7324
4872
1055
47377
7468
44838
4.31E-06
8.85E-06
2.83E-06
5.90E-06
5.92E-06
5.94E-07
3.34E-06
3.00E-06
1.98E-05
1.72E-05
7.00E-06
3.16E-07
4.65E-05
4.06E-05
1.76E-05
2.18E-05
2.80E-05
2.33E-05
2.16E-05
7.91E-04
6.58E-05
1.34E-04 •
1.64E-05
1.28E-05
1.62E-05
1.98E-05
1.87E-05
6.91E-06
1.06E-05
6.05E-05
9.50E-06
1.64E-05
3.93E-05
5.05E-05
4.S7E-05
4.06E-06
2.28E-06
9.76E-06
4.53E-06
9.08E-06
6.13E-06
8.12E-06
1.67E-05
3.34E-06
1.74E-05
6.52E-05
2.20E-04
1.09E-04
5.43E-05
3.73E-04
5.30E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13Et06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E*06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
• 5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54EHI5
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E*06
4.92E+06
1.13E+Q6
5.12E*05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36Et06
1.19E*07
3.394
4.171
2.679
17.059
8.653
0.475
9.090
3.898
468.199
71.034
18.425
0.126
44.389
395.400
96.187
67.936
164.223
127.201
42.078
504.444
277.533
80.011
63.718
32.349
74.345
72.602
266.663
20.395
24.267
254.096
44.704
152.185
448.709
277.134
525.554
2.658
1.576
39.791
7.107
26.473
14.493
39.935
18.766
4.268
16.008
374.065
682.428
103.411
953.519
2743.842
628.920
4.072E-02
5.005E-02
3.214E-02
2.047E-01
1.038E-01
5.695E-03
1.091E-01
4.678E-02
5.613E+00
8.524E-01
2.211E-01
1.517E-03
5.387E-01
4.745E+00
1.154E+00
3.152E-01
1.971E+00
1.526E+00
5.049E-01
6.053E+00
3.330E+00
9.601E-01
7.646E-01
3.832E-01
8.921E-01
8.712E-01
3.200E+00
2.507E-01
2.912E-01
3.049E+00
5.364E-01
1.B26E+00
5.385E+00
3.326E+00
6.307E+00
3.190E-02
1.391E-02
4.775E-01
8.529E-02
3.177E-01
1.739E-01
4.792E-01
2.252E-01
5.121E-02
1.921E-01
4.489E+00
8.189E+00
1.241E+00
1.144E+01
3.293E+01
7.547E+00
TOTAL
44
10321.633 !.239Et02
-------
TABLE 35. NICKEL FROM INDUSTRIAL OIL COMBUSTION
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
SASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
36.5
50
13.4
35.6
28.3
3.8
22.1
2!. 2
180
66.6
39.2
10.5
17.4
128
59.5
38.3
79.5
55
30.3
2.9
37.7
15.1
48.4
35.3
38.8
45.8
285.9
27.6
32.2
S56.7
30.1
54.5
127.3
105.6
116.2
16.4
10.1
45.2
20.2
29.6
79 T
32.6
30.1
4.5
9.1
29.7
62.3
6.7
149.8
162
138.5
31755
43500
11832
30972
24621
3306
19227
18444
156600
57942
34104
9135
15138
111360
51765
33321 l
69165
47350
26361
2523
32799
13137
42108
30711
33756
39846
248733
24012
28014
136329
26187
47415
110751
91872
101094
14268
8787
39324
17574
25752
25404
28362
26187
3915
7917
25839
54201
5829
130326
140940
120495
145388
96989
32412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48S43
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
•55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44883
6.82E-05
1.40E-04
4.48E-05
9.34E-05
9.37E-05
9.40E-06
5.29E-05
4.75E-05
3.13E-04
2.72E-04
1.11E-04
5.00E-06
7.36E-04
6.42E-04
2.78E-04
3.45E-04
4.42E-04
3.76E-04
3.41E-04
1.25E-02
1.04E-03
2.12E-03
2.59E-04
2.03E-04
2.56E-04
3. 14E-04
2.96E-04
1.09E-04
1.68E-04
9.56E-04
1.50E-04
2.60E-04
6.22E-04
7.93E-04
7.70E-04
6.43E-05
3.61E-05
1.54E-04
7.16E-05
1.44E-04
9.70E-05
1.28E-04
2.64E-04
1.32E-04
2.75E-04
1.03E-03
3.47E-03
1.73E-03
8.59E-04
5.89E-03
3.38E-04
7.87Et05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
•5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+C6
1.08Et07
6.54E+05
6.90E4-05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2~.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11EKJ6
9.48Et05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
53.632
65.972
42.371
269.836
136.876
7.507
143.783
61.667
7406.064
1123.627
291.448
1.999
710.059
6254.507
1521.499
1074.621
2597.706
2012.096
665.594
7979.384
4390.061
1265.632
1007.897
511.707
1176.001
1148.432
4218.128
330.519
383.865
4019.340
707.136
2407.285
7097.764
4384.552
8313.315
42.051
24.930
629.421
112.425
418.751
229.246
631.693
296.837
67.508
253.214
5917.029
10794.767
1635.769
15082.933
43402.598
9948.365
1.772E-02
2.177E-02
1.398E-02
8.905E-02
4.517E-02
2.477E-03
4.745E-02
2.035E-02
2.444E+00
3.708E-01
9.618E-02
6.597E-04
2.343E-01
2.064E+00
5.021E-01
3.546E-01
8.572E-01
6.640E-01
2.196E-01
2.633E+00
1.449E+00
4.177E-01
3.326E-01
1.689E-01
3.381E-01
3.790E-01
1.392E+00
1.091E-01
1.267E-01
1.326E+00
2.334E-01
7.944E-01
2.342E+00
1.447E+00
2.743E+00
1.388E-02
8.227E-03
2.077E-01
3.710E-02
1.382E-01
7.565E-02
2.085E-01
9.796E-02
2.228E-02
8.356E-02
1.953E+00
3.562E+00
5.398E-01
4.977E+00
1.432E+01
3.233E+00
TOTAL
45
163269.467 5.388E+01
-------
TABLE 36. ARSENIC FROM UTILITY COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
ORESON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI .
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
57
237.4
0
202.4
112.1
99.7
231.9
201.9
0
80.2
7.9
4.7
0
208.1
504.4
196.9
587
139.1
691.7
0
146.3
23.5
468.5
73.7
504
553.9
670.7
100
' 30.2
0
271.5
532
712.6
728.2
1110.5
153.7
33.8
221.4
88.4
200.2
184.3
493.7
0
0.2
29
18.1
0
0
158.3
66.6
1019.8
2850
11870
0
10120
5605
4485
11595
10095
0
4010
395
235
0
10405
25220
9845
29350
6955
34585
0
7315
1175
23425
3635
25200
27945
33535
5000
1510
0
13575
26600
35630
36410
55525
7685
1690
11070
4420
10010
9215
24685
0
10
1450
905
0
0
7940
3330
50990
145388
96989
82412
103595
32073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52073
44521
54426
56954
. 55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
. 55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
3993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44388
6.12E-06
3.82E-05
O.OOE+00
3.05E-05
2.13E-05
1.27E-05
3. 19E-05
2.60E-05
O.OOE+00
1.88E-05
1.28E-06
1.29E-07
O.-OOE+OO
6.00E-05
1.36E-04
1.02E-04
1.88E-04
5.47E-05
4.48E-04
O.OOE+00
2.32E-04
1.90E-04
1.44E-04
2.44E-05
1.91E-04
2.20E-04
4.00E-05
2.27E-05
9.06E-06
O.OOE+00
7.79E-05
1.46E-04
2.00E-04
3.16E-04
4.23E-04
3.46E-05
6.95E-06
4.35E-05
1.80E-05
5.59E-05
3.52E-05
1.12E-04
O.OOE+00
3.37E-07
5.04E-05
3.61E-05
O.OOEtOO
O.OOE+00
5.23E-05
1.39E-04
3.55E-04
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E*06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00Et05
9.65E+Q5
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
'5.96Et05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.i6EH)6
!.42Et07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20EK)6
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14Et07
5.49E+06
l.OSE+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+G5
4.08EKI6
1.57EH>6
2.91E+06
2.36Et06
4.92E*06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
4.818
18.002
0.000
88.168
31.160
10.184
86.709
33.752
0.000
77.763
3.376
0.051
0.000
584.394
741.277
317.507
1102.330
292.458
873.243
0.000
979.094
113.201
560.701
61.399
877.925
805.424
568.702
68.824
20.691
0.000
366.570
1350.497
2283.441
1737.652
4566.016
22.650
4.795
177.187
28.276
162.772
83.156
549.797
0.000
0.172
46.376
207.241
0.000
0.000
918.915
1025.476
4209.360
2.067E-02
7.723E-02
O.OOOEfOO
3.782E-01
1.337E-01
4.369E-02
3.720E-01
1.448E-01
O.OOOE+00
3.336E-01
1.448E-02
2.206E-04
O.OOOEtOO
2.5G7E+00
3.180E+00
1.362E+00
4.729E+00
1.255E+00
3.746E+00
O.OOOE+00
4.200E+00
4.85aE-01
2.405E+00
2.634E-01
3.766E+00
3.455E+00
2.440E+00
2.953E-01
8.876E-02
O.OOOE+00
1.573E+00
5.794E+00
9.796E+00
7.455E+00
1.959E+01
9.717E-02
2.057E-02
7.601E-01
1.213E-01
6.983E-01
3.567E-01
2.359E+00
O.OOOE+00
7.397E-04
1.990E-01
8.891E-01
O.OOOEtOO
O.OOOE+00
3.942E+00
4.399E+00
1.806E+01
TOTAL
46
26062.002 1.118E+02
-------
TABLE 37. BERYLLIUM FROM UTILITY COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
HASHIN6TON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAUAH
FLORIDA
SEOR6IA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
HASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I OH A'
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEH HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEK JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
57
237.4
0
202.4
.112.1
89.7
231.9
201.9
0
80.2
7.9
4.7
0
203.1
504.4
196.9
587
139.1
691.7
0
146.3
23.5
468.5
73.7
504
558.9
670.7
100
30.2
0
271.5
532
712.6
728.2
1110.5
153.7
33.8
221.4
88.4
200.2
184.3
493.7
0
0.2
29
13.1
0
0
158.8
66.6
1019.8
188.1
783.42
0
667.92
369.93
296.01
765.27
666.27
0
264.66
26.07
15.51
0
686.73
1664.52
649.77
1937.1
459.03
2282.61
0
482.79
77.55
1546.05
243.21
1663.2
1844.37
2213.31
330
99.66
0
895.95
1755.6
2351.58
2403.06
3664.65
507.21
111.54
730.62
291.72
660.66
608.19
1629.21
0
0.66
95.7
59.73
0
0
524.04
219.78
3365.34
145338
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52073
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
4.04E-07
2.52E-06
O.OOE+00
2.01E-06
1.41E-06
8.41E-07
2.11E-06
1.71E-06
O.OOE+00
1.24E-06
3.46E-08
8.49E-09
O.OOE+00
3.96E-06
8.95E-06
6.72E-06
1.24E-05
3.61E-06
2.96E-05
O.OOE+00
1.53E-05
1.25E-05
9.51E-06
1.61E-06
1.26E-05
1.45E-05
2.64E-06
1.50E-06
5.98E-07
O.OOE+00
5.14E-06
9.63E-06
1.32E-05
2.09E-05
2.79E-05
2.29E-06
4.59E-07
2.87E-06
1.19E-06
3.69E-06
2.32E-06
7.38E-06
O.OOE+00
2.22E-08
3.32E-06
2.38E-06
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
3.45E-06
9.19E-06
2.34E-05
7.B7EHJ5
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74Et06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.56E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71Et06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74Et06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.318
1.188
0.000
5.819
2.057
0.672
5.723
2.228
0.000
5.132
0.223
' 0.003
0.000
38.570
48.924
20.955
72.754
19.302
57.634
0.000
64.620
7.471
37.006
4.052
57.943
53.158
37.534
4.542
1.366
0.000
24.194
89.133
150.707
114.685
301.357
1.495
0.316
11.694
1.366
10.743
5.488
36.287
0.000
0.011
3.061
13.678
0.000
0.000
60.648
67.681
277.851
1.272E-04
4.753E-04
O.OOOE+00
2.328E-03
8.226E-04
2.689E-04
2.289E-03
8.911E-04
O.OOOE+00
2.053E-03
8.912E-05
1.358E-06
O.OOOE+00
1.543E-02
1.957E-02
8.382E-03
2.910E-02
7.721E-03
2.305E-02
O.OOOE+00
2.585E-02
2.988E-03
1.480E-02
1.621E-03
2.318E-02
2.126E-02
1.501E-02
1.317E-03
5.462E-04
O.OOOE+00
9.677E-03
3.565E-02
6.028E-02
4.587E-02
1.205E-01
5.979E-04
1.266E-04
4.678E-03
7.465E-04
4.297E-03
2.195E-03
1.451E-02
O.OOOE+00
4.552E-06
1.224E-03
5.471E-03
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
2.426E-02
2.707E-02
1.111E-01
TOTAL
47
1720.092 6.880E-01
-------
TABLE 38. CADMIUM FROM UTILITY COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
ORE60N
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
HASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA •
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HANPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEM YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
57
237.4
0
202.4
112.1
39.7
231.9
201.9
0
90.2
7.9
4.7
0
208.1
504.4
196.9
587
139.1
691.7
0
146.3
23.5
468.5
73.7
504
558.9
670.7
100
30.2
o
271.5
532
712.6
728.2
1110.5
153.7
33.8
221.4
83.4
200.2
184.3
493.7
0
0.2
29
18.1
0
0
158.8
66.6
1019.8
222.3
925.86
0
789.36 .
437.19
349.83
904.41
787.41
0
312.78
30.81
18.33
0
811.59
1967.16
767.91
2289.3
542.49
2697.63
0
570.57
91.65
1827.15
287.43
1965.6
2179.71
2615.73
390
117.78
0
1058.85
2074.8
2779.14
2839.98
4330.95
599.43
131.32
863.46
344.76
780.78
718.77
1925.43
0
0.78
113.1
70.59
0
0
619.32
259.74
3977.22
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52073
44521
54426
' 56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
4.78E-07
2.98E-06
O.OOEtOO
2.38E-06
1.66E-06
9.94E-07
2.49E-06
2.03E-06
O.OOEtOO
1.47E-06 '
l.OOE-07
l.OOE-08
O.OOEtOO
4.68E-06
1.06E-05
7.94E-06
1.46E-05
4.27E-06
3.49E-05
O.OOEtOO
1.81E-05
1.48E-05
1.12E-05
1.90E-06
1.49E-05
1.72E-05
3.12E-06
1.77E-06
7.06E-07
O.OOEtOO
6.08E-06
1.14E-05
1.56E-05
2.47E-05
3.30E-05
2.70E-06
5.42E-07
3.39E-06
1.40E-06
4.36E-06
2.74E-06
8.72E-06
O.OOEtOO
2.63E-08
3.93E-06
2.82E-06
O.OOEtOO
O.OOEtOO
4.08E-06
1.09E-05
2.77E-05
7.87E+05
4.71Et05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99Et05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37Et07
4.13E+06
2.63Et06
4.00Et05
9.65Et05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95Et06
6.38E+05
4.22Et06
5."96Et05
3.89Et06
2.52Et06
4.59Et06
3.66£t06
1.42Et07
3.03Et06
2.29E+06
4.2QEt06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14Et07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90Et05
4.0BEt06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36Et06
1.19E+07
0.376
1.404
0.000
6.877
2.430
0.794
6.763
2.633
0.000
6.066
0.263
0.004
0.000
45.583
57.820
24.766
85.982
22.812
68.113
0.000
76.369
. 8.830
43.735
4.789
68.478
62.823
44.359
5.368
1.614
0.000
28.592
105.339
178.108
135.537
356.149
1.767
0.374
13.821
2.206
12.696
6.486
42.884
0.000
0.013
3.617
16.165
0.000
0.000
71.675
79.987
328.369
S.643E-04
3.230E-03
O.OOOEtOO
1.582E-02
5.590E-03
1.827E-03
1.556E-02
6.055E-03
O.OOOEtOO
1.395E-02
6.056E-04
9.226E-06
O.OOOE+00
1.048E-01
1.330E-01
5.696E-02
1.978E-01
5.247E-02
1.567E-01
O.OOOEtOO
1.756E-01
2.031E-02
1.006E-01
1.102E-02
1.575E-01
1.445E-01
1.020E-01
1.235E-02
3.712E-03
O.OOOE+00
6.576E-02
2.423E-01
4.096E-01
3.117E-01
8.191E-01
4.063E-03
8.602E-04
3.179E-02
5.073E-03
2.920E-02
1.492E-02
9.863E-02
O.OOOE*00
3.093E-05
8.320E-03
3.718E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOEtOO
1.649E-01
1.840E-01
7.552E-01
TOTAL
48
2032.836 4.676E+00
-------
TABLE 39. CHROMIUM FROM UTILITY COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEU MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CARQLI
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
UASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI -
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEU JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
57
237.4
0
202.4
112.1
89.7
231.9
201.9
0
80.2
7.9
4.7
0
208.1
504.4
196.9
587
139.1
691.7
0
146.3
23.5
468.5
73.7
504
558.9
670.7
100
30.2
0
271.5
532
712.6
728.2
1110.5
153.7
33.8
221.4
83.4
200.2
184.3
493.7
0
0.2
29
18.1
0
0
158.8
66.6
1019.8
4845
20179
0
17204
9528.5
7624.5
19711.5
17161.5
0
6817
671.5
399.5
0
17688.5
42874
16736.5
49895
11823.5
58794.5
0
12435.5
1997.5
39822.5
6264.5
42840
47506.5
57009.5
3500
2567
0
23077.5
45220
60571
61897
94392.5
13064.5
2873
18819
7514
17017
15665.5
41964.5
0
17
2465
1533.5
0
0
13498
5661
86683
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
. 55965
81773
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.04E-05
6.50E-05
O.OOE+00
5.19E-05
3.63E-05
2.17E-05
5.42E-05
4.42E-05
O.OOE+00
3.20E-05
2.18E-06
2.19E-07
O.OOE+00
1.02E-04
2.31E-04
1.73E-04
3.19E-04
9.30E-05
7.61E-04
O.OOE+00
3.95E-04
3.23E-04
2.45E-04
4.14E-05
3.25E-04
3.74E-04
6.80E-05
3.87E-05
1.54E-05
O.OOE+00
1.32E-04
2.48E-04
3.40E-04
5.3SE-04
7.19E-04
5.89E-05
1.18E-05
7.39E-05
3.06E-05
9.50E-05
5.98E-05
1.90E-04
O.OOEtOO
5.73E-07
8.56E-05
6.14E-05
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
8.90E-05
2.37E-04
6.03E-04
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87Et06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
•5.96E*05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+Q6
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74Et06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76Et07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
8.191
30.603
0.000
149.886
52.972
17.312
147.406
57.379
0.000
' 132.197
5.739
0.087
0.000
993.470
1260.171
539.762
1873.961
497.179
1484.513
0.000
1664.459
192.441
953.192
104.379
1492.472
1369.221
966.793
117.000
35.175
0.000
623.170
2295.844
3881.849
2954.008
7762.227
38.504
8.151
301.217
48.069
276.712
141.366
934.655
0.000
0.293
78.840
352.310
0.000
0.000
1562.155
1743.310
7 156'. 762
9.329E-02
3.672E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.799E+00
6.357E-01
2.077E-01
1.769E+00
6.S85E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.5S6E+00
6.886E-02
1.049E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.192E+01
1.512E+01
6.477E+00
2.249E+01
5.966E+00
1.781E+01
O.OOOE+00
1.997Et01
2.309E+00
1.144E+01
1.253E+00
1.791E+01
1.643E+01
1.160E+01
1.404E+00
4.221E-01
O.OOOE+00
7.478E+00
2.755E+01
4.658E+01
3.545E+01
9.315EHH
4.621E-01
9.781E-02
3.615E+00
5.763E-01
3.321E+00
1.696E+00
1.122E+01
O.OOOE+00
3.518E-03
9.461E-01
4.228E+00
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
1.875E+01
2.092E+01
8.588E+01
TOTAL
49
44305.403 5.317E+02
-------
TABLE 40. NICKEL FROM UTILITY COAL COMBUSTION
COAL EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGIN!
WASHIN6TON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA.
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
57
237.4
0
202.4
112.!
89.7
231.9
201.9
0
80.2
7.9
4.7
0
203.1
504.4
196.9
587
139.1
i91.7
0
146.3
23.5
468.5
73.7
504
558.9
670.7
100
30.2
0
271.5
532
712.6
728.2
1110.5
153.7
33.3
221.4
83.4
200.2
184.3
493.7
0
0.2
29
13.1
0
0
158.8
66.6
1019.8
3420
14244
0
12144
6726
5382
13914
12114
0
4812
474
282
0
12486
30264
11814
35220
3346
41502
o
8778
1410
28110
4422
30240
33534
40242
6000
1312
0
16290
31920
42756
43692
66630
9222
2028
13284
5304
12012
11058
29622
0
12
1740
1086
0
0
9528
3996
61188
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
7.35E-06
4.59E-05
O.OOE+00
3.66E-05
2.56E-05
1.53E-05
3.83E-05
3.12E-05
O.OOE+00
2.26E-05
1.54E-06
1.54E-07
O.OOE+00
7.20E-05
1.63E-04
1.22E-04
2.25E-04
6.56E-05
5.37E-04
O.OOE+00
2.79E-04
2.28E-04
1.73E-04
2.92E-05
2.29E-04
2.64E-04
4.30E-05
2.73E-05
1.09E-05
O.OOE+00
9.35E-05
1.75E-04
2.40E-04
3.80E-04
5.07E-04
4.16E-05
8.34E-06
5.22E-05
2.16E-05
6.70E-05
4.22E-05
1.34E-04
O.OOE+00
4.04E-07
6.04E-05
4.33E-05
C.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
6.28E-05
1.67E-04
4.26E-04
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.B9E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.ioE+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
, 1.08E+07
' 6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08Et06
1.57Et06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92Et06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
5.732
21.602
0.000
105.802
37.392
12.220
104.051
40.503
0.000
93.316
4.051
0.062
0.000
701.273
889.533
381.008
1322.796
350.950
1047.892
0.000
1174.912
135.841
672.841
73.679
1053.510
966.509
682.442
82.589
24.829
0.000
439.884
1620.596
2740.129
2085.182
5479.219
27.180
5.754
212.624
33.931
195.326
99.787
659.757
0.000
0.207
55.651
248.690
0.000
0.000
1102.698
1230.572
5051.832
1.908E-03
7.129E-03
O.OOOE+00
3.491E-02
1.234E-02
4.033E-03
3.434E-02
1.337E-02
O.OOOE+00
3.079E-02
1.337E-03
2.037E-05
O.OOOE+00
2.314E-01
2.935E-01
1.257E-01
4.365E-01
1.15SE-01
3.458E-01
O.OOOE+00
3.877E-01
4.483E-02
2.220E-01
2.431E-02
3.477E-01
3.189E-01
2.252E-01
2.725E-02
3.194E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.452E-01
5.34BE-01
9.042E-01
6.881E-01
1.808E+00
8.969E-03
1.399E-03
7.017E-02
1.120E-02
6.446E-02
3.293E-02
2.177E-01
O.OOOE+00
6.828E-05
1.836E-02
8.207E-02
O.OOOE+00
O.OOOE+00
3.639E-01
4.061E-01
1.667E+00
TOTAL
50
31274.402 1.032E+01
-------
TABLE 41. ARSENIC FROM UTILITY OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
COHCENTRft POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEK MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROLI
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.5
0.8
0
1.9
0.5
16.2
11.4
2.1
482.5
1.9
2.1
5.3
69.8
455.7
5.3
16.4
3.1
97
4.1
9.3
58.2
38.3
57
37
33
94
17.3
0.1
19.5
44.6
3.7
58.5
86.5
4.9
11.3
0,5
0.6
5.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
2.9
22.2
0.1
25.8
282.3
128.2
3.6
389.2
89.4
119.3
14
22.4
0
53.2
14
453.6
319.2
58.8
13510
53.2
. 53.8
148.4
1954.4
12759.6
148.4
459.2
36.8
2716
114.8
260.4
1629.6
1086.4
1596
1036
2324
2632
434.4
2.8
546
1248.8
103.6
1638
2422
137.2
316.4
14
16.8
145.6
36.4
3.4
16.3
81.2
621.6
2.8
722.4
7904.4
3589.6
240.8
10897.6
2503.2
3340.4
• 145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
43843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52073
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
31778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44333
3.01E-08
7.21E-08
O.OOE+00
1.60E-07
5.33E-08
1.29E-06
8.73E-07
1.51E-07
2.70E-05
2.50Er07
1.91E-07
8.12E-08
9.50E-05
7.36E-05
7.98E-07
4.75E-06
5.55E-07
2.14E-05
1.49E-06
1.29E-03
5.17E-05
1.76E-04
9.32E-06
6.35E-06
1.76E-05
2.07E-05
5.77E-07
1.27E-08
3.27E-06
8.76E-06
5.94E-07
8.98E-06
1.36E-05
1.19E-06
2.41E-06
6.31E-08
6.91E-08
5.72E-07
1.48E-07
4.69E-08
6.42E-08
3.68E-07
6.26E-06
9.43E-08
2.51E-05
3.16E-04
2.30E-04
7.13E-05
7.18E-05
1.05E-04
2.32E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E*06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00EHJ5
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
"5.96E+05
3.89E+06
.52E+06
.59E+06
.66E+06
. 42E+07
.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
l.OBE+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5. 12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E*07
0.024
0.034
0.000
0.463
0.078
1.030
2.387
0.197
638.927
1.032
0.502
0.032
91.673
716.640
4.362
14.809
3.260
114.208
2.899'
823.556
218.118
104.665
38.202
17.262
80.964
75.859
8.215
0.039
7.482
36.818
2.798
83.162
155.220
6.548
26.019
0.041
0.048
2.330
0.233
0.137
0.152
1.809
7.046
0.048
23.105
1810.076
714.911
67.575
1261.205
770.863
275.792
1.015E-04
1.457E-04
O.OOOE+00
1.988E-03
3.339E-04
4.419E-03
1.024E-02
8.434E-04
2.741E+00
4.426E-03
2.156E-03
1.393E-04
3.933E-01
3.074E+00
1.871E-02
6.353E-02
1.399E-02
4.900E-01
1.244E-02
3.533E+00
9.357E-01
4.490E-01
1.639E-01
7.405E-02
3.473E-01
3.254E-01
3.524E-02
1.653E-04
3.210E-02
1.579E-01
1.200E-02
3.568E-01
6.659E-01
2.S09E-02
l.ri6E-01
1.770E-04
2.045E-04
9.998E-03
9.990E-04
5.860E-04
6.504E-04
7.759E-03
3.023E-02
2.071E-04
9.912E-02
7.765E+00
3.067E+00
2.899E-01
5.411E+00
3.307E+00
1.1B3E+00
TOTAL
51
8212.850 3.523E+01
-------
TABLE 42. BERYLLIUM FROM UTILITY OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
QRE60N
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIRGINI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
IOWA-
KANSAS
MISSOURI •
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.5
0.8
0
1.9
0.5
16.2
11.4
2.1
482.5
1.9
2.1
5.3
69.8
455.7
5.3
16.4
3.1
97
4.1
9.3
58.2
38.8
57
37
83
94
17.3
0.1
19.5
44.6
3.7
58.5
86.5
4.9
11.3
0.5
0.6
5.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
2.9
22.2
0.1
25.8
282.3
128.2
8.6
339.2
89.4
119.3
2.8
4.48
0
10.64
2.8
90.72
63.84
11.76
2702
10.64
11.76
29.68
390.88
2551.92
29.68
91.84
17.36
543.2
22.96
52.08
325.92
217.23
319.2
207.2
464.8
526.4
96.38
0.56
109.2
249.76
20.72
327.6
484.4
27.44
63.28
2.8
3.36
29.12
7.23
1.68
3.36
16.24
124.32
0.56
144.48
1580.33
717.92
48.16
2179.52
500.64
663.08
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
6.01E-09
1.44E-08
O.OOE+00
3.21E-08
1.07E-08
2.58E-07
1.76E-07
3.03E-08
5.40E-06
5.00E-08-
3.82E-08
1.62E-08
1.90E-05
1.47E-05
1.60E-07
9.50E-07
1.11E-07
4.27E-06
2.97E-07
2.58E-04
1.03E-05
3.51E-05
1.96E-06
1.37E-06
3.53E-06
4.14E-06
1.15E-07
2.55E-09
6.55E-07
1.75E-06
1.19E-07
1.80E-06
2.72E-06
2.38E-07
4.82E-07
1.26E-08
1.38E-08
1.14E-07
2.97E-08
9.37E-09
1.28E-08
7.36E-08
1.25E-06
1.89E-08
5.02E-06
6.31E-05
4.60E-05
1.43E-05
1.44E-05
2.09E-05
4.65E-06
7.B7E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E*05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3. 12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.iiEt06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E4-06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08E+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.005
0.007
0.000
0.093
0.016
0.206
0.477
0.039
127.785
0.206
0.100
0.006
18.335
143.328
0.872
2.962
0.652
22.842
0.580
164.711
43.624
20.933
7.640
3.452
16.193
15.172
1.643
0.008
1.496
7.364
0.560
16.632
31.044
1.310
5.204
0.008
0.010
0.466
0.047
0.027
0.030
0.362
1.409
0.010
4.621
362.015
142.982
13.515
252.241
154.173
55.158
1.893E-06
2.718E-06
O.OOOE+00
3.708E-05
6.226E-06
8.240E-05
1.910E-04
1.573E-05
5.111E-02
8.253E-05
4.020E-05
2.598E-06
7.334E-03
5.733E-02
3.489E-04
1.185E-03
2.608E-04
9.137E-03
2.319E-04
6.588E-02
1.745E-02
8.373E-03
3.056E-03
1.381E-03
6.477E-03
6.069E-03
6.572E-04
3.083E-06
5.985E-04
2.945E-03
2.238E-04
6.653E-03
1.242E-02
5.233E-04
2.081E-03
3.301E-06
3.813E-06
1.864E-04
1.863E-05
1.093E-05
1.213E-05
1.447E-04
5.637E-04
3.363E-06
1.848E-03
1.448E-01
5.719E-02
5.406E-03
1.009E-01
6.167E-02
2.206E-02
TOTAL
52
1642.570 6.570E-01
-------
TABLE 43. CADMIUM FROM UTILITY OIL COMBUSTION
OIL EMISSIONS AREA
CQNCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL!
VIRGINIA
WEST VIR6INI
WASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA •
KANSAS
MISSOURI .
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAHPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.5
0.8
0
1.9
0.5
16.2
11.4
2.1
482.5
1.9
2.1
5.3
69.8
455.7
5.3
16.4
3.1
97
4.1
9.3
58.2
38.8
57
37
83
94
17.3
0.1
19.5
44.6
3.7
58.5
36.5
4.9
11.3
0.5
0.6
5.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
2.9
22.2
0.1
25.3
282.3
128.2
8.6
389.2
99.4
119.3
8
12.8
0
30.4
8
259.2
132.4
33.6
7720
30.4
33.6
84.8
1116.3
7291.2
84.8
262.4
49.6
1552
65.6
143.3
931.2
620.3
912
592
1328
1504
276.8
1.6
312
713.6
59.2
936
1384
78.4
180.3
8
9.6
33.2
20.8
4.8
9.6
46.4
355.2
1.6
412.8
4516.3
2051.2
137.6
6227.2
1430.4
1908.8
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.72E-08
4.12E-08
O.OOEtOO
9.16E-08
3.04E-08
7.37E-07
5.02E-07
8.65E-08
1.54E-05
1.43E-07-
1.09E-07
4.64E-08
5.43E-05
4.20E-05
4.56E-07
2.71E-06
3.17E-07
1.22E-05
8.49E-07
7.38E-04
2.96E-05
l.OOE-04
5.61E-06
3.91E-06
1.01 £-05
1.18E-05
3.30E-07
7.28E-09
1.87E-06
5.01E-06
3.40E-07
5.13E-06
7.77E-06
6.81E-07
1.38E-06
3.61E-08
3.95E-08
3.27E-07
8.48E-08
2.68E-08
3.67E-03
2.10E-07
3.58E-06
5.39E-08
1.43E-05
1.80E-04
1.31E-04
4.07E-05
4. 10E-05
5.98E-05
1.33E-05
7.37E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E*05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.3BE+05
4.22E+06
S.^E+OS
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66Et06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49Et06
1.08E+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.08Et06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.014
0.019
0.000
0.265
0.044
0.589
1.364
0.112
365.101
0.590
0.287
0.019
52.384
409.508
2.492
3.463
1.363
65.262
1.656
„ 470.603
124.639
.59.808
21.830
9.864
46.265
43.348
4.694
0.022
4.275
21.039
1.599
47.521
38.697
3.742
14.363
0.024
0.027
1.332
0.133
0.078
0.037
1.033
4.026
0.028
13.203
1034.329
408.521
38.614
720.688
440.493
157.595
3.111E-05
4.465E-05
O.QOOEtOO
6.092E-04
1.023E-04
1.354E-03
3.137E-03
2.584E-04
8.397E-01
1.356E-03
6.604E-04
4.268E-05
1.205E-01
9.419E-01
5.733E-03
1.946E-02
4.285E-03
1.501E-01
3.810E-03
1.0B2E+00
2.867E-01
1.376E-01
5.021E-02
2.269E-02
1.064E-Q1
9.970E-02
1.080E-02
5.065E-05
9.833E-03
4.839E-02
3.677E-03
1.093E-01
2.040E-01
8.606E-03
3.420E-02
5.423E-05
6.264E-05
3.063E-03
3.060E-04
1.795E-04
1.992E-04
2.377E-03
9.260E-03
6.346E-05
3.037E-02
2.379E+00
9.396E-01
8.381E-02
1.65BE+00
1.013E+00
3.625E-01
TOTAL
53
4693.057 1.079E+01
-------
TABLE 44. CHROMIUM FROM UTILITY OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEW MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
WASHINGTON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROL I
VIRGINIA
WEST VIR6INI
HASHINGTON/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA .
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I ON A
KANSAS
MISSOURI
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEW YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.5
0.8
0
1.9
0.5
16.2
11.4
2.1
482.5
1.9
2.1
5.3
69.9
455.7
5.3
li.4
3.1
97
4.1
9.3
58.2
38.8
57
37
83
94
17.3
0.1
19.5
44.6
3.7
58.5
86.5
4.9
11.3
0.5
0.6
5.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
2.9
22.2
0.1
25.3
282.3
128.2
8.6
389.2
39.4
119.3
24.5
39.2
0
93.1
24.5
793.8
558.6
102.9
23642.5
93.1
102.9
259.7
3420.2
22329.3
259.7
803.6
151.9
4753
200.9
455.7
2351.8
1901.2
2793
1913
4067
4606
847.7
4.9
955.5
2185.4
181.3
2866.5
4233.5
240.1
553.7
24.5
29.4
254.8
63.7
14.7
. 29.4
142.1
1087.8
4.9
1264.2
13832.7
6281.8
421.4
19070.8
4380.6
5845.7
145388
96989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96184
570833
6425
54153
58056
30203
48843
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
68655
52078
44521
54426
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
•55965
81778
68945
30995
9273
8993
7824
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
5.26E-08
1.26E-07
O.OOE+00
2.81E-07
9.32E-08
2.26E-06
1.54E-06
2.65E-07
4.72E-05
4.37E-07
3.34E-07
1.42E-07
1.66E-04
1.29E-04
1.40E-06
8.31E-06
9.71E-07
3.74E-05
2.60E-06
2.26E-03
9.05E-05
3.07E-04
• 1.72E-05
1.20E-05
3.09E-05
3.63E-05
1.01E-06
2.23E-08
5.73E-06
1.53E-05
1.04E-06
1.57E-05
2.38E-05
2.09E-06
4.22E-06
1.10E-07
1.21E-07
l.OOE-06
2.60E-07
8.20E-08
1.12E-07
6.44E-07
1.10E-05
1.65E-07
4.39E-05
5.52E-04
4.03E-04
1.25E-04
1.26E-04
1.83E-04
4.07E-05
7.87E+05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+06
2.63E+06
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+06
5.46E4-06
3.12E+06
5.87E+06
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
6.38E+05
-4.22E+06
5.96E+05
3.89E+06
2.52E+06
4.59E+06
3.66E+06
1.42E+07
3.03E+06
2.29E+06
4.20E+06
4.71E+06
9.26E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
l.OSE+07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.0SEHI6
1.57E+06
2.91EHJ6
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E+05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11E+06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.041
0.059
0.000
0.811
0.136
1.802
4.177
0.344
1118.122
1.805
0.879
0.057
160.427
1254.120
7.633
25.917
5.705
199.864
5.073
1441.223
381.706
183.163
66.853
30.208
141.687
132.753
14.376
0.067
13.093
64.431
4.896
145.534
271.635
11.459
45.533
0.072
0.083
4.078
0.408
0.239
0.265
3.165
12.331
0.084
40.434
3167.634
1251.094
113.256
2207.108
1349.010
482.635
4.970E-04
7.134E-04
Q.OOOE+00
9.733E-03
1.634E-03
2.163E-02
5.013E-02
4.128E-03
1.342E+01
2.167E-02
1.055E-02
6.820E-04
1.925E+00
1.505E+01
9.160E-02
3.110E-01
6.846E-02
2.398E+00
6.037E-02
1.729E+01
4.580E+00
2.198E+00
8.022E-01
3.625E-01
1.700E+00
1.593E+00
1.725E-01
8.094E-04
1.571E-01
7.732E-01
5.875E-02
1.746E+00
3.260E+00
1.375E-01
5.464E-01
8.665E-04
1.001E-03
4.894E-02
4.890E-03
2.86BE-03
3.184E-03
3.798E-02
1.480E-01
1.014E-03
4.852E-01
3.801E+01
1.501E+01
1.419E+00
2.649E+01
1.619E+01
5.792E+00
TOTAL
54
14372.487 1.725E+02
-------
TABLE 45. NICKEL FROM UTILITY OIL COMBUSTION
OIL
EMISSIONS AREA
CONCENTRA POP
EXPOSURE RISK
MONTANA
WYOMING
IDAHO
COLORADO
UTAH
NEVADA
ARIZONA
NEU MEXICO
CALIFORNIA
UASHIN6TON
OREGON
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
SOUTH CAROL I
NORTH CAROLI
VIRGINIA
HEST VIRSINI
WASHINGTQN/D
MARYLAND
DELAWARE
ALABAMA
MISSISSIPPI
TENNESSEE
KENTUCKY
TEXAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
WISCONSIN
MICHIGAN
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA
SOUTH DAKOTA
MINNESOTA
NEBRASKA
I QUA-
KANSAS
MISSOURI .
MAINE
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIR
MASSACHUSETT
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NEH YORK
NEW JERSEY
PENNSYLVANIA
0.5
0.8
0
1.9
0.5
16.2
11.4
2.1
482.5
1.9
2.1
5.3
69.3
455.7
5.3
14.4
3.1
97
4.1
9.3
59.2
38.8
57
37
83
94
17.3
0.1
19.5
44.4
3.7
58.5
84.5
4.9
11.3
0.5
0.4
5.2
1.3
0.3
0.4
2.9
22.2
0.1
25.8
282.3
128.2
8.4
389.2
89.4
119.3
500
300
0
1900
500
14200
11400
2100
482500
1900
2100
5300
49300
455700
5300
16400
3100
97000
4100
9300
58200
38800
57000
37000
83000
94000
17300
100
19500
44600
3700
53500
84500
4900
11300
500
400
5200
1300
300
400
2900
22200
100
25800
232300
128200
8400
389200
89400
119300
145388
94989
82412
103595
82073
109894
113508
121335
156299
66511
96194
570833
6425
54153
53056
30203
48343
39704
24119
63
9837
1932
50767
47233
41155
39669
262017
63655
52078
44521
54424
56954
55645
35932
41004
69300
75952
79548
76644
55965
81779
68945
30995
9273
8993
7924
4872
1055
47377
7468
44888
1.07E-06
2.59E-06
O.OOEtOO
5.73E-06
1.90E-06
4.60E-05
3.14E-05
5.41E-06
9.64E-04
8.92E-06
6.82E-06
2.90E-06
3.39E-03
2.63E-03
2.85E-05
1.70E-04
1.98E-05
7.63E-04
5.31E-05
4.61E-02
1.95E-03
6.27E-03
3.51E-04
2.45E-04
6.30E-04
7.40E-04
2.06E-05
4.55E-07
1.17E-04
3.13E-04
2.12E-05
3.21E-04
4.35E-04
4.26E-05
3.61E-05
2.25E-04
2.47E-04
2.04E-05
5.30E-06
1.67E-04
2.29E-04
1.31E-05
2.24E-04
3.37E-04
8.94E-04
1.13E-02
9.22E-03
2.55E-03
2.57E-03
3.74E-03
9.30E-04
7.S7E*05
4.71E+05
9.45E+05
2.89E+06
1.46E+06
7.99E+05
2.72E+06
1.30E+06
2.37E+07
4.13E+04
2.63EHJ4
4.00E+05
9.65E+05
9.74E+04
5.44E+06
3.12E+06
5.87E+04
5.35E+06
1.95E+06
4.38E+05
4.22E+06
5.96En)5
3.89E+06
2.52E+04
4.59Et04
3.is£+04
1.42EHJ7
3.03Et04
2.29Et06
4.2QE+06
4.7iE*06
9.24E+06
1.14E+07
5.49E+06
1.08Et07
6.54E+05
6.90E+05
4.0BE+06
1.57E+06
2.91E+06
2.36E+06
4.92E+06
1.13E+06
5.12E^-05
9.21E+05
5.74E+06
3.11Ef06
9.48E+05
1.76E+07
7.36E+06
1.19E+07
0.345
1.213
0.000
16.553
2.780
36.784
85.251
7.021
22818.811
36.845
17.946
1.160
3274.022
25594.277
155.780
528.909
116.430
4078.856
103.522
29412.711
7789.918
3738.031
1364.352
614.494
2891.577
2709.245
293.381 .
1.374
247.201
1314.924
99.912
2970.077
5543.576
233.850
929.239
1.474
1.702
83.231
3.316
4.879
5.414
64.590
251.644
1.724
825.176
44445.585
25532.538
2413.383
45043.027
27530.809
9849.703
2.789E-04
4.004E-04
O.OOOE+00
5.463E-03
9.173E-04
1.214E-02
2.813E-02
2.317E-03
7.530E+00
1.216E-02
5.922E-03
3.827E-04
1.080E+00
9.446E+00
5.141E-02
1.745E-01
3.842E-02
1.346E+00
3.416E-02
9.706E+00
2.571E+00
1.234E+00
4.502E-01
2.034E-01
9.542E-01
8.941E-01
9.682E-02
4.542E-04
9.919E-02
4.339E-01
3.297E-02
9.801E-01
1.829E+00
7.717E-02
3.066E-01
4.843E-04
5.418E-04
2.747E-02
2.744E-03
1.610E-03
1.797E-03
2.131E-02
8.304E-02
5.690E-04
2.723E-01
2.133E+01
8.426EtOO
7.964E-01
1.486E+01
9.085E+00
3.250E+00
TOTAL
55
293316.070 9.479E+01
-------
The ambient concentrations estimated to result in the States from the
trace element emissions developed above were calculated by using the
Hanna-Gifford dispersion equation contained in the Area Source Module of the
SHEAR model. The equation applied to each combustion sector of each State
is shown below.
X = CQ/U ' (1)
where: X = ambient concentration,
C = Hanna-Gifford coefficient,
Q = effective emission rate per unit area, and
U = wind speed.
For the purpose of calculating exposure, C was assumed to be equal to
225, based on EPA guidance and experience of using the model. The
quantity C is a weak function of atmospheric stability and land area and may
be taken to be approximately constant. As stated previously, the national
average wind speed (U) was assumed to be 4.0 m/sec. The quantity Q is
o
calculated as emissions (Ib/yr) divided by land area (mi ) times a factor of
fi op
5.552 x 10 to convert Ib/yr/mi to yg/sec/m . Applying the Hanna-Gifford
equation and the input data contained on the LOTUS files results in average
ambient concentrations (in yg/m of each trace element) being calculated for
each State. These estimated concentrations are shown in Tables 6-45 under
-the column labeled Concentration.
The level of State population exposure to each trace element was
obtained by multiplying the estimated ambient concentrations (calculated by
the Hanna-Gifford equation) times the total State population. This result,
in units of people
entitled Exposure.
in units of people - yg/m , is listed in Tables 6 - 45 in the column
The nationwide aggregate risk to each trace element from each
combustion sector is determined by multiplying the exposure value (people -
56
-------
o
pg/m ) times the unit risk factor for the pollutant being assessed. The
result of this calculation equals the aggregate risk after 70 years of
continuous exposure. The results of the risk calculations for all trace
element, combustion sector, and State combinations are shown in Tables 6 -
45 under the column labeled Risk. To calculate the annual incidence of
cancer, the aggregate risk would have to be divided by 70.
Agreement Between SHEAR and LOTUS Calculations
To check the accuracy of the approach of using a personal computer
LOTUS program to perform the calculations of exposure and risk, the Area
Source Module of the SHEAR model was run on the EPA Univac computer system
for one State. A summary of the SHEAR run is attached as Appendix B. A
comparison of the exposure and risk values predicted by each method (LOTUS
vs. SHEAR) indicated good agreement between the two approaches. As an
example, for arsenic emitted from residential coal combustion, SHEAR
-6 3
calculated an ambient concentration of 5.61 x 10" pg/m , while the LOTUS
calculated value was 6.44 x 10" pg/m . The reason for the difference is
that in the LOTUS calculation a national average wind speed of 4.0 m/sec was
used, while SHEAR used actual wind speed data from a meteorological station
in North Dakota where the average wind speed was about 4.6 m/sec. The 1980
population used in the LOTUS calculations was 654,000. The SHEAR run lists
a population of 713,000. This difference occurred because the rectangular
.area that the SHEAR model used to approximate the area of North Dakota
included parts of Minnesota, since the boundary line between the two States
is not straight. Thus, the SHEAR model overestimated the population of
North Dakota by including some census data from Minnesota. Aggregate risk
for arsenic emissions from residential coal combustion, calculated by the
_2
SHEAR model, was 1.72 x 10 , while risk calculated by the LOTUS program was
-2
1.81 x 10 . This magnitude of variation could be expected to occur for all
the other trace element/combustion sector combinations.
57
-------
3.0 SUMMARY OF RESULTS
The national exposure, aggregate risk, and annual cancer incidence for
each type of combustion source and each pollutant is summarized in Table 46.
Annual cancer incidence organized by pollutant and fuel type is detailed in
Table 47. Total annual cancer incidence for arsenic from all types of
combustion sources (coal and oil) is 4.62; for'beryllium annual incidence is
4.41 ;
3.65.
-2 -1
4.41 x 10 ; for cadmium, 6.62 x 10 ; for chromium, 28.2; and for nickel,
As shown in Tables 46 and 47, the predicted risks from industrial and
utility combustion sectors are generally greater than risks from residential
and commercial combustion sectors. The cancer risks from nickel and cadmium
exposure predominantly occur in connection with oil combustion.
Approximately 93 percent of the nickel risk figure comes from oil
combustion, while 80 percent of the cadmium risk is related to oil
combustion. The majority of the risks for arsenic, beryllium, and chromium
are due to coal combustion. The relative percentages of risk from coal
combustion for arsenic, beryllium, and chromium are 79 percent, 61 percent,
and 72 percent, respectively.
4.0 LIMITATIONS IN THE LOTUS/SHEAR APPROACH
The approach of using the area source algorithm from the SHEAR model
together with input data on a LOTUS program probably under estimates
exposure and risk because it assumes there is an average emission rate and
ambient concentration equally distributed over an entire State. In reality,
the bulk -of the emissions from residential heaters, and to a lesser extent
from other combustion sources, would be located in the more highly populated
areas of the State. Thus, higher ambient concentrations, exposure, and risk
would result in these metropolitan areas. The exception to this case might
be utility sources which are often located in remote areas where realtively
few people are affected by their emissions. In this situation, the exposure
predicted by equally distributing emissions statewide would be overstated.
58
-------
TABLE 46. NATIONAL EXPOSURE AND RISK FROM TRACE METALS
EMITTED FROM COMBUSTION SOURCES
Emission Source, Chemical
Exposure
(People x yg/m3)
Nationwide
Aggregate Risk
after 70 yrsa
Annual Cancer
Incidence
Residential Coal Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Residential Oil Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Commercial Coal Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmi urn
Chromium
Nickel
Commercial Oil Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Industrial Coal Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
7,607
111
214
1,106
1,106
624
374
4,636
11,946
119,463
6,459
708
427
18,751
15,626
2,331
155
4,143
9,970
142,437
17,949
2,154
1,382
53,848
9,872
3.26 x 101,
4.43 x 10"7
4.93 x 10,
1.33 x 10,
3.65 x 10"1
2.68 x 10°,
1.50 x 1071
1.07 x 10,
1.43 x 107
3.94 x 101
2.77 x 101,
2.83 x 10"}
9.82 x 10,
2.25 x 10«
5.16 x 10U
1.00 x 101,
6.22 x lOir
9.53 x 10,
1.20 x 107
4.70 x 101
7.70 x 101,
8.61 x 10"1
3.18 x 10,
6.46 x 10«
3.26 x 10U
4.66 x 10"}
6.33 x 10",
7.04 x lO'f
1.90 x 10":
5.21 x lO""3
3.83 x 10"?
2.14 x 10"f
1.53 x 10"1
2.04 x 10U,
5.63 x 10"1
3.96 x 10" i
4.04 x 10",
1.40 x 10n
3.21 x 10U9
7.37 x 10"^
1.43 x 10"]
8.88 x 10 "7
1.36 x 10"1
1.71 x 10U,
6.71 x 10"1
1.10 x 10°,
1.23 x 10",
4.54 x 10n
9.23 x 10U?
4.66 x 10
59
-------
TABLE 46. NATIONAL EXPOSURE AND RISK FROM TRACE METALS
EMITTED FROM COMBUSTION SOURCES (Continued)
Emission Source, Chemical
Exposure
(People x iig/m3)
Nationwide
Aggregate Rij
after 70 yrsc
Annual Cancer
Incidence
Industrial Oil Combustion
Arsenic
Beryl 1 ium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Utility Coal Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Utility Oil Combustion
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmi urn
Chromium
Nickel
4,316
863
2,627
10,321
163,269
26,062
1,720
2,033
44,305
31,274
8,213
1,642
4,693
14,373
293,316
1.85 x 101,
3.45 x 10"1
6.04 x 10,
1.24 x lOf
5.39 x 101
1.12 x 102,
6.88 x 10Z
4.68 x 10,
5.32 x lOf
1.03 x 101
3.52 x 101,
_ 1
6.57 x 10/
1.08 x 10,
1.72 x 10:
9.68 x 101
2.64 x 10"J
4.93 x 10",
8.63 x lOjr
1.77 x 10U,
7.70 x 10"1
1.71 x 10°,
9.83 x 10",
6.68 x 10"
7.60 x 10U,
1.47 x 10"1
5.03 x 10"J
•. X
9.38 x 10 f
1.54 x 10"1
2.46 x 10"
1.38 x 10U
aCalculated assuming unit risk factors of 4.29 x 10" for Arsenic,
4.0 x 10"4 for Beryllium, 2.3 x 10"3 for Cadmium, 1.2 x 10"2 for Chromium,
and 3.3 x 10"4 for Nickel.
60
-------
TABLE 47. > ANNUAL CANCER INCIDENCE BY POLLUTANT AND FUEL TYPE
Fuel Type and
Emission Source
Coal
Coal
Oil
Oil
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Utility
Subtotal
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Utility
Subtotal
Total
4
3
1
1
3
3
1
2
5
9
4
Arsenic
.66 x 10"1
.96 x 10"1
.10
.71
.67
.83 x 10"2
.43 x 10"1
.64 x 10"1
.03 x 10"1
.48 x 10"1
.62
Beryl 11
6.33 x
4.04 x
1.23 x
9.83 x
2.68 x
2.14 x
8.88 x
4.93 x
9.38 x
1.73 x
4.41 x
ium
10-"
ID'3
ID'2
ID'3
ID'2
ID'3
ID'4
ID'3
ID'3
1C'2
ID'2
Cadmium
7.04
1.40
4.54
6.68
1.33
1.53
1.36
8.63
1.54
5.29
6.62
x 10"3
x 10~2
x 10~2
x 10"2
x 10"1
x 10"1
x 10"1
x 10"2
x 10"1
x 10"1
x 10"1
Chromium
1.
3.
9.
7.
20.
2.
1.
1.
2.
7.
28.
90 x 10"1
21
23
60
23
04
71
77
46
98
21
Nickel
5.21 x
7.37 x
4.66 x
1.47 x
2.72 x
5.63 x
6.71 x
7.70 x
1.38
3.38
3.65
io-3
io-2
io-2
io-1
io-1
io-1
io-1
io-1
-------
If the exposure and risk calculations were done on a finer scale of
resolution, for instance by metropolitan areas or counties, the estimates
would be more accurate because the release of emissions would be at the
points where the greatest population is located. National aggregate risk
would be higher than that obtained from the current statewide estimation
procedures described in the Tech Note.
A second limitation of the LOTUS/SHEAR Model approach involves the
modeling of utility and industrial sources as area rather than point
sources. As described previously, utility and industrial coal and oil
combustion sources are not as numerous and relatively equally distributed as
commercial and residential sources, therefore they do not conform well to
the definition of an area source when the area in question is an entire
State. A better exposure and risk assessment could have been made if there
had been a way to treat utility and industrial sources as point sources and
combine that analysis with the results produced by modeling commercial and
residential sources as area sources. Generally, the treatment of utility
and industrial sources as area sources would affect the calculation of
individual risk more than it would affect aggregate risk.
The use of national average emission factors for trace elements from
the combustion of coal and oil also introduces some degree of limitation to
the analysis. As explained in previous sections, the emission factors are
-based on published stack test data and calculations, but emission factors
can vary by orders of magnitude from one plant to another depending on type
of coal or oil used, boiler design, and control equipment. The use of
national average factors will probably cause underestimation for some States
and overestimation for others, such, that the national exposure and risk
estimations will be more accurate than individual State risks. Over the
70-year exposure time, the fuel type used by combustion sources and other
factors affecting emissions may change in any given geographic area, thereby
altering exposure and risk levels.
62
-------
Another limitation in this assessment involves the coefficient factor,
C, in the Hanna-Gifford dispersion equation. The value of 225, which has
been assigned to the coefficient, is primarily designed to be accurate and
applicable to metropolitan areas and not to areas as large as entire States.
The egree of error introduced into the exposure and risk analysis by
applying the value to States is unknown.
5.0 EPA COUNTY-BY-COUNTY EXPOSURE AND RISK ASSESSMENT
The purpose of this section is to briefly explain how the EPA
county-by-county exposure and risk assessment was conducted, the results of
the assessment, and how the results compare with those from the Radian
State-by-State exposure and risk assessment.
The county-by-county assessment was performed using the same input data
Radian used in its State-by-state assessment. These data are described in
Section 2.0. The same equations (Hanna-Gifford) and procedures were used in
the county-by-county assessment to calculate exposure and risk that had been
used in the State-by-state assessment. The major difference between the two
assessment approaches was the manner in which emissions were distributed
within a State. In the State-by-state approach, the assumption was made
that emissions are equally distributed over the whole land area of a State.
In the county-by-county approach, emissions have been distributed by county
.within a State based on the fuel consumption characteristics of each
combustion sector in each county. The allocation of emissions within a
county was based on indexing parameters contained in the 1980 Census of
Housing data base. In the residential combustion sector, emissions were
distributed on the basis of the number of homes in each county that used
coal or oil as a fuel. In the commercial sector, there were six categories
of employment sources such as hospitals, universities, etc. that people were
listed as being employed by. Emissions were allocated on the basis of the
number of people living in each county and working in the sum of the six
commercial categories. For example, if a State had 100 people employed in
63
-------
the commercial sector and 25 lived in county X, then 25 percent of the total
State emissions from commercial combustion would be allocated to county X.
This same type of index was used in the industrial sector, except there were
only two categories of employment sources, durable and nondurable goods.
For the utility combustion sector, emissions were simply allocated on the
basis of population, i.e., if 10 percent of the population of a State live
in county Y, then 10 percent of utility combustion emissions for that State
were allocated to county Y.
Once emissions were allocated by county, ambient concentrations,
exposure, aggregate risk, and annual incidence were calculated as described
in Section 2.0 for the State-by-State approach. Exposure and risk results
for each county were summed to obtain the figures for an entire State.
Appendix C illustrates an example of a county-by-county assessment.
The aggregate risk and annual incidence results from the
county-by-county exposure and risk assessment approach are shown in
Tables 48 and 49. Only total combined coal and oil figures are available
from the county-by-county approach for aggregate risk and annual incidence.
No attempt was made by EPA during the assessment to determine results on the
basis of fuel type within each combustion sector. Therefore, the numbers
shown in Tables 48 and 49 represent the total impact from coal and oil
emissions together from all four combustion sectors. A comparison of the
.county-by-county approach and State-by-state approach results for annual
incidence is shown in Table 50. As indicated in Table 50, for each
pollutant, there is approximately a ten-fold increase in annual incidence
(above the estimated by State-by-state approach) as a result of using the
county-by-county approach. The increase by State (between the two
approaches) can be determined by comparing data in Table 49 with the sum of
the appropriate cases in Tables 6 - 45. To obtain annual incidence,
however, the risk numbers in Tables 6-45 must be divided by 70.
64
-------
TABLE 48. SUMMARY OF NATIONWIDE AGGREGATE RISKa>b
AS ESTIMATED BY THE COUNTY-BY-COUNTY APPROACH
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District
of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
-Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Oh i o
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Arsenic
13
0.036
2.1
0.58
55
20
7.8
3.6
37
24
19
3.3
0.31
220
59
3.2
3.7
29
5.8
0.37
66
38
100
21
0.85
53
0.11
3
0.38
0.72
56
2.0
890
13
0.37
160
3.2
1.4
370
0.87
Beryllium
0.11
0.00046
0.016
0.0065
0.86
0.17
0.15
0.044
0.29
0.33
0.13
0.060
0.0029
1.9
0.53
-0.026
0.028
0.24
•0.085
0.006
0.70
0.63
0.87
0.17
0.0084
0.38
0.0011
0.024
0.0029
0.0087
0.79
0.014.
11 '-
0.098
0.0028
1.3
0.027
0.018
3.3
0.018
Cadmium
0.73
0.012
0.13
0.089
14
1.2
4.1
1.2
3.9
5.1
1.1
1.0
0.028
17
3.6
0.20
0.25
2.2
2.9
0.19
9.r
18
6.5
1.6
0.16
3.0
0.013
0.21
0.029
0.22
27
0.13
270
1.0
0.024
8.5
0.24
0.49
28
0.74
Chromium
77
0.24
11
3.5
360
120
63
25
150
130
97
17
2
1300
400
19
20
170
46
3.4
470
290
620
120
4.8
280
0.65
16
1.9
4.9
470
10
6500
71
2.1
990
18
11
2400
11
Nickel
3.0
0.076
0.57
0.63
110
4.9
27
7.1
23
40
4.2
9.2
0.15
86
12
0.83
1.2
11
19
1.1
44
110
27
7.8
1.0
11
0.084
1.1
0.15
1.2
160
0.61
1500
4.2
0.099
28
1.2
2.8
120
3.9
65
-------
TABLE 48. SUMMARY OF NATIONWIDE AGGREGATE RISKa'b
AS ESTIMATED BY THE COUNTY-BY-COUNTY APPROACH
(Continued)
State
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyomi ng
Total United
States
Arsenic
4.7
0.14
21
44
8.9
0.044
40
3.8
13
29
0.24
2500
Beryllium
0.038
0.0012
0.17
0.40
0.081
0.00063
0.43
0.037
0.10
0.24
0.0019
25
Cadmium
0.33
0.014
1.4
4.6
0.61
0.036
5.2
0.54
0.60
2.3
0.015
450
Chromium
27
.82
110
260
60
0.52
270
24
75
180
1.4
16000
Nickel
1.5
0.077
6.8
27
2.7
0.17
29
3.2
1.7
8.8
0.066
2400
Risk after 70 years.
3Total combined risk numbers for coal and oil emissions from all four
combustion sectors.
66
-------
TABLE 49. SUMMARY OF ANNUAL CANCER INCINDENCE3 AS
ESTIMATED BY THE COUNTY-BY-COUNTY APPROACH
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District
of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Ma i ne
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
.Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Arsenic
0.18
0.00052
0.029
0.0083
0.78
0.29
0.11
0.052
0.52
0.35
0.27
0.047
0.0044
3.1
0.85
0.046
0.053
0.41
0.083
0.0053
0.94
0.54
1.5
0.30
0.012
0.76
0.0016
0.042
0.0054
0.010
0.80
0.028
13
0.19
0.0053
2.2
0.046
0.019
5.4
0.012
Beryllium
0.0016
0.0000066
0.00023
0.000093
0.012
0.0024
0.0021
0.00063
0.0041
0.0047
0.0019
0.00086
0.000041
0.027
0.0076
0.00037
0.00040
0.0034
0.0012
0.000085
0.0099
0.0089
0.012
0.0024
0.00012
0.0054
0.000015
0.00034
0.000042
0.00012
0.011
0.00020
0.15
0.0014
0.000040
0.019
0.00038
0.00025
0.048
0.00026
Cadmium
0.010
0.00017
0.0018
0.0013
0.20
0.017
0.058
0.016
0.056
0.072
0.015
0.015
0.00040
0.25
0.051
0.0029
0.0035
0.031
0.041
0.0028
0.13
0.26
0.093
0.024
0.0023
0.043
0.00018
0.0031
0.00041
0.0031
0.39
0.0019
3.8
0.015
0.00035
0.12
0.0034
0.0070
0.40
0.011
Chromium
1.1
0.0034
0.16
0.050
5.1
1.7
0.90
0.36
2.6
1.9
1.4
0.25
0.029
18
5.6
0.27
0.28
2.4
0.66
0.049
6.7
4.2
8.9
1.7
0.068
4.0
0.0093
0.23
0.028
0.069
6.7
0.14
93
1.0
0.030
14
0.26
0.16
35
0.15
Nickel
0.043
0.0011
0.0081
0.0090
1.6
0.070
0.38
0.10
0.33
0.57
0.059
0.13
0.0022
1.2
0.17
0.012
0.017
0.16
0.27
0.016
0.63
1.6
0.38
0.11
0.015
0.15
0.0012
0.015
0.0021
0.018
2.2
0.0088
21
0.060
0.0014
0.40
0.018
0.040
1.6
0.056
67
-------
TABLE 49. SUMMARY OF ANNUAL CANCER INCINDENCEa AS
ESTIMATED BY THE COUNTY-BY-COUNTY APPROACH
(Continued)
State
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total United
States
Arsenic
0.067
0.0019
0.30
0.63
0.13
0.00063
0.57
0.055
0.18
0.42
0.0034
35
Beryllium
0.00054
0.000017
0.0024
0.0057
0.0012
0.0000091
0.0061
0.00053
0.0014
0.0035
0.000028
0.36
Cadmium
0.0047
0.00020
0.020
0.066
0.0087
0.00052
0.075
0.0078
0.0086
0.033
0.00021
6.4
Chromium
0.38
0.012
1.6
3.7
0.85
0.0074
3.8
0.34
1.1
2.6
0.020
230
Nickel
0.021
0.0011
0.098
0.39
0.039
0.0024
0.42
0.046
0.024
0.13
0.00094
35
Total combined risk numbers for coal and oil emissions from all four
combustion sectors. '
68
-------
TABLE 50. COMPARISON OF ANNUAL INCIDENCE RESULTS FROM
COAL AND OIL COMBUSTION
Pollutant
Annual Incidence for United States
State-by-State
Approach
County-by-County
Approach
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
4.62
0.0441
0.662
28.21
3.65
35
0.36
6.4
230
35
69
-------
6.0 REFERENCES
1. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Statistical
Abstract of the United States: 1981 (102d edition). Washington, DC.
1981.
2. U.S. Department of Energy. State Energy Data Report: 1960 through
1980. Washington, D.C. Publication No. DOE/EIA-0214(80). July 1982.
591 p.
3. Baig, S. et al. (TRW, Inc.) and T. S. Hurley, et al. (Radian
Corporation). Conventional Combustion Environmental Assessment: Final
Report. Prepared for U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research
Triangle Park, NC. July 1981. pp. 3-59, 3-62.
4. Reference 1, p. 4-8.
5. Reference 3, pp. 3-9 to 3-12.
6. Edwards, L. 0. et al. (Radian Corporation). Trace Metals and
Stationary Conventional Combustion Sources (SCCP's). Final Report.
Prepared for U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle
Park, NC. April 1980. p. 5-54.
7. Nelson, T. P., et^ ^1_. Study of Sources of Chromium, Nickel, and
Manganese Air Emissions. Prepared for U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC. EPA Contract No. 68-02-3818, Work
Assignment 34. February 1984.
8. Reference 3, p. 4-6.
9. Reference 3, p. 4-27.
10. Reference 3, p. 4-29.
'11. Surprenant, N. F. et al. (TRW, Inc.) Emissions Assessment of
Conventional Stationary Combustion Systems; Volume IV.
Commercial/Institutional Combustion Sources. Draft Final Report.
Prepared for U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle
Park, NC. June 1980. p. 46.
12. Reference 3, p. 4-44.
13. Reference 11, p. 29.
14. Reference 11, p. 119.
15. Reference 3, p. 4-56.
70
-------
16. Surprenant, N. F. et al. (TRW, Inc.). Emissions Assessment of
Conventional Stationary Combustion Systems. Volume 1. Gas- and
Oil-Fired Residential Heating Sources. Prepared for U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC.
Publication No. EPA-600/7-79-029b. May 1979. p. 76.
17. Anderson, G. E. and G. W. Lundberg. (Systems Applications, Inc.)
Users Manual for SHEAR. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. May 1983. p. 54.
71
-------
APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OVERVIEW OF THE SHEAR MODEL
1.1 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The jjystems Applications _Human ^Exposure _And _R1sk (SHEAR) model Is a set of
computer codes and data files designed to estimate patterns of pollutant
concentrations and of related measures of health risk due to all identi-
fied sources of potentially hazardous species in a designated modeling
region. The model Is based on codes and concepts developed in the Jystems
Applications _Human ^Exposure and Jtosage (SHED) model project (Anderson et
al.f 1980).
The SHED model treated each source and each chemical separately; increased
concentrations due to simultaneous exposure to more than one source and
increased hazard due to simultaneous exposure to more than one species
were not addressed. The purpose of developing the SHEAR model described
here was to address these effects and thereby provide a more realistic and
comprehensive analysis of site, source, and species specific risks from
exposure to airborne chemicals.
The SHED model consists of a set of computational algorithms and major
input data files. The computational algorithms address the atmospheric
transport, dispersion, and chemical decay of pollutants for an annual
averaging period.
Two basic dispersion algorithms are used—a plume algorithm for computing
concentration patterns resulting from a single source and a box algorithm
for computing concentration patterns resulting from an urban (i.e^, city
or town-wide) distribution of a single type of source (e.g., autos. or home
chimneys).
A-]
-------
The plume computations Involve (1) the use of a climatologically expected
mix of dispersion conditions; (2) the use of source characteristics such
as plume rise and building wakes; and (3) the use of specie character-
istics such as chemical reactivity In the atmosphere. Point sources can
be modeled with source-specific emission data and location-specific
dispersion data or they can be treated by prototype, using prototypical
emission data and regional mean dispersion data.
The exposure/dosage algorithms involve joint processing of the computed
concentration patterns and human population data files. Population data
resolved at the level of census enumeration districts are used with
specifically located point source concentration patterns; city/town
population totals are used with urban distributions of sources; regional-
average urban population densities are used with sets of point sources
represented by a prototype.
Major data files, which are constituent elements of SHED, include the
following information:
Population (1970) and map coordinates of the centroid of each block
group/enumeration district (BG/ED) in the United States census.* In
central urban areas, each district is about the size of a city block
and represents approximately 800 people.
^ --'
Population growth factors (1970-1978) and latitude and longitude
extrema for each county in the United States.
Population; land area, and number of motor vehicles for the inner
city and fringe region of each urbanized area (population of 50,000
or more), each city with a population of 25,000 to 50,000 and 150
sample towns with populations of 2500 to 25,000.
The centroid 1s defined by the population-weighted mean map location for
each enumeration district/block group.
A-2
-------
Mean annual wind speed and heating degree days for each state.
CUmatologlcal joint frequency of occurrence of wind speed, wind
direction, and atmospheric stability for each (of 311) STAR ^Sta-
bility ^rray) station in the United States, in addition to repre-
sentative data sets for nine geographical regions.
Together, the algorithms and data files were developed as an appropriate
set of tools for addressing nationwide aggregate human exposure to and
dosage of individual chemicals on a preliminary screening basis. That is,
the motivation was to produce the best estimates of exposure and dosage
possible, within the constraints of cost and data availability, for
purposes of Identifying and comparing the magnitudes of exposure/dosages
(E/Ds) from distinct types of sources of a single chemical (e.g., compari-
sons from user sites).
The computation addresses the concentration pattern of each source site
separately. E/Ds from all sources are summed, each at the concentrations
of the Individually considered patterns. In fact, sources of many
chemicals are sufficiently close that their dispersion patterns overlap;
the resultant ambient concentrations are the sums of the various source
contributions.
1.2 SCOPE AND USE
1.2.1 Applications
The SHEAR model is appropriate for application to the estimation of
exposure and risk in a specified region due to emissions of hazardous
pollutants from a wide variety of industrial and community sources. The
model may be used to analyze impacts from specific sources that have been
inventoried. It may also be used to analyze impacts from point or area
sources of known classes of which specific numbers or locations are not
A-3
-------
known. For such sources prototypes or surrogates must be defined by the
user; the model: will compute locations for the hypothesized sources by
fully or partially random techniques (I.e., random under constraints).
The model 1s applicable to modeling regions of roughly the size of a major
urban area (but need not be urban). Application to more extended regions,
up to national scale would require repeated application to Individual
areas. The summary features of the model allow results to be printed out
or plotted for source aggregations from Individual sources, from the set
of sources in a given modeling region, or from the total for any number of
modeling regions.
Types of application for which the model 1s suited Include:
Analysis of the relative contributions of various source types
(physical characterization), source classes (functional characteri-
zation), or chemical species to the concentration, dosage or risk
from hazardous pollutants in a region
Analysis of the effectiveness of proposed control strategies in
reducing dosage/risk
Analysis of the dosage/risk impact of new facilities that may be
proposed
Analysis of patterns of concentrations or the hazard from concentra-
tions of multiple species so as to evaluate the healthful ness of
neighborhoods
Explanatory studies In response to observed anomalous health effects
As elements of epidemlological studies of single species or syner-
glstlc health effects.
A-4
-------
1.2.2 Limits of Use
The limits of applicability of the SHEAR model arise from considerations
of the following:
Time scale
Size and location of modeling region
Species addressed
Source characterization
Background concentrations
Dispersion processes
The model 1s designed to accept long-term average frequencies of occur-
rence of specific dispersion conditions (winds and turbulence) and thus it
1s expected that long-term (one-year) average concentration patterns are
desired. This is consistent with application to health risks that depend
on long-term accumulated exposure. Application to shorter-term analyses
requires short-term dispersion data.
The model 1s designed for applications to a single urban region at a
time. Actual limits to the spatial scale depend on computer-specific
limits on available memory; several files of the size of the number of
BG/EDs in the region must be kept. Only modeling regions in the United
States may be used unless additional meteorological and population data
are acquired, processed, and substituted.
Pollutant species must be gases or behave, dynamically, as gases. Only
first-order (I.e., linear in pollutant concentrations) loss or gain
processes can be addressed. Thus, linear decay, formation or removal
(e.g., dry precipitation) processes are allowed, but multi-specie or
nonlinear reactions are not.
Industrial stack sources are treated as emitters of buoyant Gaussian
plumes moving on straight paths. Vent, fugitive and plant area sources
are treated as volume emitters using Gaussian wake approximations.
A-5
-------
Community-wide area sources such as motor vehicles are assumed to emit
homogeneously throughout the depth of the atmospheric mixing layer and
over the horizontal extent of each BG/ED.
Background concentrations, from sources external to the modeling region
can only be accounted for by setting the Initial file BG/ED concentrations
at estimated background levels.
The dispersion zone for each source is limited (in default mode) to a
circle of 20 km radius about the source location. Other radii may be
user-specified, but validity of the Gaussian dispersion and the Pasquill-
Turner dispersion coefficients decreases with plume travel distance.
Uncertainty 1s probably already large at 20 km; however, concentrations
from most sources will be small at 20 km.
Applications are limited to those for which Census Bureau residential
population data sufficiently define the locations of human exposure.
Movement of people away from residences may be important if pollutant
concentration patterns are correlated with patterns of population movement
for relevant periods of exposure.
1.3 DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS
1.3.1 Definitions
Some terms used in this report were found not to be well-rooted in
tradltipn. Definitions of these terms are presented here.
Advection. The transport of a pollutant by the wind.
Area Source. A source of pollutant emissions that are literally or
practically distributed over a specified surface area. Sets of many,
small sources having overlapping impact patterns (e.g., urban motor
A-6
-------
vehicles) are often treated as area sources and characterized by their
emission density over the source area.
Atmospheric Stability. A measure of the reslstence of the atmosphere to
the development of turbulence; atmospheric stability is reduced (and
turbulence produced) by withdrawal of momentum or the addition of heat
from or to the lowest layer of the atmosphere by contact with the ground.
Atmospheric Turbulence. Fluid motions, such as eddies (whorls) or waves,
which may exist with a mean wind movement. The turbulent motions are
those components of the total motion that vary over time and space scales
that are small compared to the region or period analyzed. Turbulent
motions are of such varied scale, phase, orientation, and location that
they are generally characterized by their mean properties only. Turbu-
lence is the atmospheric phenomenon that effects dispersion.
Box Model. A model 1n which a single cell comprises the entire modeling
region, used to obtain estimates of regional-average concentration.
Diffusion. The dispersion of a pollutant relative to its advective
movement. Diffusion results in reducing the central concentrations in a
pollutant mass, increasing the concentration at the periphery of the mass,
and expanding the periphery.
Dosage. The amount of air pollutant material received by an individual or
by a defined population. Human respiratory or dermal doses are often
taken to be proportional to and are measured by the concentration and
duration of the exposure. Population dosages, by such a measure, would be
the summation of the concentrations to which each individual is exposed
and would be expressed in such units as part-per-mi11 ion-person-hours.
Exposure. The occurrence of contact between an air pollutant and a human
population (or, more generally, to other populations of concern), measured
by the number of Individuals exposed for a given time period.
A-7
-------
Exposure Period. A time Interval of specific length over which a varying
pollutant concentration 1s averaged. The exposure period Is a function of
the analyst's purpose. It may be selected to comply with regulatory
requirements or because of considerations of source operation or Identi-
fied modes of receptor damage for the particular pollutant.
Gaussian Model. A model most commonly used for plume dispersion, in which
simple expressions (Gaussian functions) are assumed to represent the
dependence of pollutant concentration on lateral or vertical distance from
the plume centerllne (i.e.* the advective path).
Grid Model. A model 1n which the modeling region is divided into two-or
three-dimensional cells by a conceptual grid. Numerical solutions are
obtained for equations that express the changes in pollutant concen-
trations in each cell. Such models are applied to regions containing many
sources which may be of one or more types emitting pollutants which may or
may not Interact with each other.
Hazard. A measure of air quality expressed as the probability, over some
specified time period, of death or other specific health damage to any
Individual exposed to a given ambient pollutant concentration.
Hazardous Air Pollutant. Defined in federal regulations as an air
pollutant that presents a substantial risk of death or permanent health
damage to people. The most commonly addressed risk is cancer.
Impact. The pollutant concentration produced at a specific point or area
by emissions from a specific source or set of sources.
Model. An analog of a physical process. Atmospheric dispersion models
may be physical models in which fluid streams are caused to flow past
reduced-scale replicas of physical terrain. More commonly, atmospheric
dispersion models consist of mathematical analogs of the processes to be
studied. The models are exercised by solving equations or evaluating
expressions by numerical computation. In most atmospheric dispersion
A-8
-------
models the Independent variables are time and space coordinates, atmo-
spheric descriptors, source descriptors, and possibly descriptors of
secondary processes (chemistry, fallout, etc.). The dependent variables
are the pollutant concentrations.
Pasqulll-Gifford Dispersion Coefficients. Numerical values of the
standard deviations of atmospheric displacements about any point moving
with the mean wind. The values are defined as a continuous, empirical
function of downwind travel distance (of pollutant from a source) for each
discrete stability class. In spite of widespread reservations as to the
range of applicability, these coefficients are used for most dispersion
analyses up to regional scales.
Pasqui11-Turner Atmospheric Stability Classification. An inferential
method of estimating the turbulent state of the atmosphere, in discrete
classes, using surrogate Indicators: solar intensity (a measure of heat
Input) and wind speed (a measure of momentum losses from surface fric-
tion). Atmospheric dispersion studies have depended almost exclusively on
this method. Other methods are now receiving much attention and some use.
Plume Dispersion. Dispersion from a continuous release of pollutant
material from an elevated point source, such as an industrial smoke
stack. No ground-level impacts occur at the source, since considerable
downwind travel and time for dispersion must pass before the elevated
material diffuses to the ground.
Point Source. A source of pollutant emissions that can be characterized
as a single point in three-dimensional space (geographic coordinates plus
height above ground) and by the mass rate and energetics of its emis-
sions. Characterization as a point generally requires that the dimensions
of the emission area be small compared to the dimensions of typical eddies
1n the surrounding atmosphere and small compared to the scale of resolu-
tion of the numerical computations.
A-9
-------
Pollutant. Defined 1n federal regulations as any substance added to the
atmosphere that causes a deviation from Us mean composition and is
present 1n sufficient quantity to have an adverse effect on human health
or welfare.
Receptor. A point 1n space, generally on the ground, at which ambient air
quality 1s to be determined. Also, an exposed human or other individual
at such a point.
Risk. Risk 1s the hazard summed over the exposed population; thus, risk
bears the same relationship to hazard that dosage does to concentration.
1.3.2 Concepts
The SHEAR model uses input data on pollutant species, their sources, the
atmospheric dispersive environment, and the location of human populations
that may be exposed. These data are used in computing regional patterns
of concentrations and the resulting exposure, dosage, hazard and risk to
human populations in selected regions in the United States.
The SHEAR model Includes formatted data files of population and dispersion
climatology. The work also Includes software for extracting those data
elements that are applicable to the chosen modeling region . Input data,
specific to an application, that must be provided, includes the following:
1. Definition of the modeling region
2. Pollutant, species data (reactivity and unit risk)
3. Source data (location, geometry, emissions)
The model code consists of data processing software, dispersion algorithms
for plume, area and volume sources, Interpolation and integration codes
for computing the human Impact parameters—exposure, dosage, hazard and
risk—and output codes to generate files, printout, and plots.
A-10
-------
Computation of plume dispersion makes use of supplementary computations
with EPA plume rise formulas for sources that emit pollutants with excess
heat and upward momentum. Volume source approximations are used to modify
the plume analysis when building wakes or multi-plume sources must be
addressed. Dispersion 1s Gaussian in the vertical, uniform within
azlmuthal sectors, and involves climatological weighting for each meteoro-
logical state.
Sources which are assumed to emit uniformly over the area of each popu-
lation district are treated by a "box" model in which a single computa-
tional "box" or "cell" is defined over the ground surface area of each
BG/ED.
Individually identified point sources are located by specifying map
coordinates for each. If many sources of a given type exist, the
resources or need for individual definition may be absent. In such cases,
one or more prototypes are defined to represent the type, and samples (in
the appropriate number) of each prototype are located at random or quasi-
random locations.
Exposure, dosage, hazard and risk are computed for residential population
patterns for annual-average concentrations. No account is taken of
varying source strengths or patterns or varying population patterns within
a year.
1.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
A functional schematic of the SHEAR model is presented in Figure 1-1. As
shown in this figure, SHEAR code is modular. Each module addresses one of
three functions:
Processing data
Computing dispersion
Generating displays of population-weighted results
A-ll
-------
Figure 1-1. SHEAR program organization.
A-12
-------
1.4.1 Data Processing
The code module, XTRACT, Is used to extract population data from the
national set (POPFILE, COUNTY GROWTH) for the region specified (REGION
Input data). The module then lists the extracted data, estimates the
Cartesian GRID cells associated with each BG/ED centroid, and creates
files of population district data for exposure computations and grid cell
assignments for plotting.
1.4.2 Dispersion Computations
Three modules are used in the dispersion computations, one for each of
three source types:
POINT—for specific, individually identified, characterized and
located point or volume sources,
PROTO—for point or volume sources that are not identified
individually, are characterized by prototype, and are located by
arbitrary computational algorithms, and
AREA—for sources which are so widely dispersed that they may be
treated as emissions over the entire computational region (uniform
over any computational grid cell).
The point source modules contain identical dispersion algorithms; they
differ only in provision for locating the sources. The area source module
dispersion algorithm is different.
Each module operates with the STAR file of meteorological data and
application-specific source data. Grid cell locations for summing of
multi-source Impacts are taken from the BG/ED file. Each module will
A-13
-------
produce lists of Its Input data and add Us computed concentration results
to one or more CONCENTRATION file. That 1s, results of any one use of
POINT, PROTO, or AREA are added to the previous contents of CONCENTRATION.
Thus concentrations due to any combination of sources or source types are
produced by retaining results 1n or emptying results from CONCENTRATION
files.
1.4.3 Population-Weighted Results
The weighting of concentration values by collocated population to produce
exposure, dosage, and risk is carried out in the PLOT and REPORT modules
that also generate the output displays. These modules use hazard or
concentration values for each population centroid that represent sums over
various sources.
REPORT is used to generate tables of the computed variables—concentra-
tions, exposure (to concentration), dosage, hazard, exposure (to hazard)
and risk—as a function of concentration level. Each report also lists
the region name, location and size, the number of BG/ED centroids used and
the chemical, hazard factor (unit risk factor) and source types addressed
in each table.
Only concentration and hazard plots can be generated by PLOT because these
'are the only intensive variables. Each represents the density of a
chemical (or its effect). Dosage and risk depend on numbers, not density
of population and thus depend on arbitrary boundaries of the computational
cells (BG/EDs).
The plots consist of isopleths of the plotted variable at the levels used
in REPORT tables. Also plotted are centroid locations and county
boundaries.
A-14
-------
1.5 SUMMARY OF INPUT DATA
1.5.1 XTRACT
The XTRACT code requires a definition of the analysis region to be read in
as data. The region to be analyzed 1s defined by the UTM (Universal
Jransverse jtercator mapping system) coordinates of Its SW corner, the size
and number of Cartesian cells in each direction for a base rectangle
sufficient to enclose the region, and the row and column limits of any
areas to be deleted from the base rectangle. Deletion may be used to
approximate nonrectangular areas or to exclude unpopulated internal areas
(e.g., a large lake). The UTM data may be obtained from USG maps of 7 1/2
minute or 15 minute series.
1.5.2 Dispersion Codes
Data required for POINT, PROTO, or AREA consist of the following types
Definition of receptor grid (polar)
Specifications or constraints on meteorological data
Species characterization
Source characterization
The polar receptor grid definition is required only if the default grid is
not acceptable. Definition is required only for radial distances to
receptors. All grids use radials at the 16 azimuths of a standard compass
(i.e., N, NNE, NE,...). Default radii are 500, 700, 1000, 2000, 5000,
10,000, 15,000, .and 20,000 meters. User may specify a table of eight to
12 radii to replace the default values.
A-15
-------
Meteorological specifications Include
Rural/urban flag
WBAN (STAR) station number of most appropriate (usually closest)
station 1n STAR data file. Other than closest station may be
selected upon meteorological advice. The station list is presented
in Table 1-1.
Excluded stability classes--Any stability class of the STAR format
may be excluded. This may be appropriate if the source or source
type under consideration is judged to be inactive during periods of
the deleted stability class. For example, stability classes 5, 6,
and 7 occur only at night. If a source is known to operate only
during daytime, classes 5, 6, and 7 could be appropriately deleted.
Excluded wind speeds--As for stability, an example might be exclusion
of winds over 5 m/s for agricultural spray operation sources that
would only operate in calm weather.
Excluded wind directions—As above; example application is brush
burning operations.
Ambient temperature and lapse rate chosen on meteorological advice.
Data required to characterize the chemical species are its name, hazard
factor (unit risk factor) and its night and day chemical decay rate. The
data should be established by expert consultants. A discussion of decay
characterization is given in Anderson, et al., 1980. <
Source data for POINT consist of plant and source point data. Plant data
consist of name, map coordinates in degrees, minutes, seconds, and the
number of source points. For each source point the following are
required:
A-16
-------
TABLE 1-1. LOCATION AND RECORDING PERIOD OF STAR DISPERSION DATA FILES AS REPROCESSED
FOR USE IN HUMAN EXPOSURE DISPERSTWSTUDIES
NO.
CODE
RITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE 8TAnTI«C EMDIRC
:>
^vl
1
2
3
4
3
6
7
II
9
10
II
12
13
14
IS
16
17
in
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
2V
211
29
:to
31
;i2
33
34
35
36
37
30
39
40
3133
3ni3
311 16
31120
31122
31155
31172
3927
3937
4739
4743
4751
I2IIIO
1 21134
12033
12039
i:i;;M
121 142
1 21144
12906
12917
I29IO
12923
12925
12947
I29!U»
2'K.O
3701
3705
3707
0713
avi4
:vn7
M2\
13723
I372H
1 3732
13733
13734
13733
YUCCA PLATS
MACOtl
PADIICAW
AIICIi: HA
8AVAIIIIAH
PKNSACOLA
IIKCKLKY
KT woirni
I. My. CHARLES
I1KLIIAII
POUTS IKHJTH
nilAUFORD
TAMPA
DAY10NA
FT MYERS
MIAMI
Olil.AMDO
TAMP it
VKST PALM D.
HOUSTON
PUT AUTHOR.
HOUSTON
CALVkUJTON
BK.KVII.L15
COTULI.A
NK.W
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
no.
CODE
KITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE START IWC ERDtlfC
00
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
40
49
no
01
52
03
04
53
56
57
5O
59
66
61
62
63
64
66
67
on
69
vo
71
73
73
74
75
76
77
7B
79
B6
13736
13737
13739
I374O
13741
13743
13744
13749
13753
13773
I3U02
iano6
I3IIO7
131113
lan^o
1 31124
1 3U'.£5
131140
I3H5O
1 31163
I3IK.6
I3O6U
I3O7O
1 31171
1 ai 174
131177
J3UOI
I01M12
13UH9
1 31191
131195
I3JJ97
I39'!l
I3<>33
13939
13941
13942
13943
13956
NoncAifTowH
NORFOLK IIKC
iMin.Anr.tr ill A
RICHMOND
nOAHOUR
WASH i Hirroif DC
Ki-oinincii
FREDERICK
ATLANTIC CITY
Oil ANT ICO
ItF.LLEVILLE
FT OAtU'DKLL
FT ICNOX
ALOAHY
IIIUIXI
SAVArillAII
ooMirmus
DAYTON
PKLNA
NF.niDIAII
CHARLESTON
PULASKI
ALMA
ANNISTOIt
AIIIKIU;
A'll.AMTA
imisroL
CHARLOTTE
CIIA'ITAIIOOtiA
.lACCnOIIVILLE
ICNOXVIf.LE
rioNTCoiitCRY
NASIIVII.I.K
FT LEAVF.NWOHTII
ALEXANDRIA
CMEKNVILLE
I.AICK. CHARLES
MONROE
FT SILL
JACKSON
wv
VA
PA
VA
VA
DC
SG
NO
NJ
VA
IL
ICY
KY
CA
ris
«.-!A
us
on
AL
MS
wv
VA
CA
AL
GA
CA
TN
nc
TN
FL
TN
AL
TN
1(3
LA
MS
LA
LA
OK
MS
m 39
36 54
39 03
37 36
37 19
SO 01
34 II
39 26
39 27
an 39
an 33
36 40
37 04
31 3D
30 23
32 1
33 39
39 49
32 29
32 2»
SO 22
37 B
31 22
33 39
33 U7
33 39
36 29
33 13
a-.i 2
3« 3O
33 49
32 III
36 7
39 22
31 23
33 29
30 13
33 31
34 39
32 29
79 BO
76 12
70 10
77 20
79 CO
77 2
79 43
77 27
74 30
77 19
O9 01
U7 29
OS OB
04 7
tin 60
oi a
UO 27
04 3
B6 09
OO 40
01 36
Ott 41
O2 31
05 01
O3 19
04 26
U2 24
UO 56
US 12
Ul 42
O3 C9
06 24
06 41
94 65
92 IO
96 69
93 16
92 3
90 24
96 13
06X
tox
67X
74X
6BX
74X
66X
49X
G4X
60X
6IX
60X
64X
69X
60X
66X
66X
64X
04X
66X
60X
06X
04X
49X
69X
69X
6OX
69X
60X
70X
60X
6OX
7IX
62X
7OX
06X
enx
04X
66X
66X
54/12
64X12
71X12
70X12
72X12
74X12
64X12
02X12
011X12
69X12
7OXI2
69X12
6OXI3
73X13
64X12
70X12
70X12
64X13
6OXI2
76X12
73X12
. 04X12
OOXI2
04X12
;:ixu
73X13
64X12
73X12
73X12
74X12
73X12
64X12
75X12
70X12
74X12
60X12
62X12
50X12
7OXI2
64X12
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
wo.
COOK
SITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE BTAHTIIfC Elf DI IfC
ni
112
113
04
03
1(6
(17
IIU
09
90
91
92
on
94
95
96
97
93
99
100
101
103
103
IO4
IO5
106
107
108
toy
no
III
112
1 I.I
114
115
116
117
IIU
119
129
13957
1393(1
I396O
13961
13962
13963
I3«>64
13967
1396(1
13969
I397O
13972
13976
13977
139113
1 390.1
13994
I3«>9«
13996
14607
146 II
14622
14702
14704
I4VO6
11 VOH
14712
14717
14733
14736
14737
14739
I4V-W
14742
14743
14747
1 47411
14750
14751
14732
RnnF.VF.POHT
AUSTIN
DALLAf?
FT WOIITII
/VRILKHE
LITTLE HOCK
FT wrimi
OKAI.AIIOI1A CITY
Tlll-S'A
PONCA CITY
IIATON noucE
TYI.F.II
LAI-'AVKTTE
TKXAIUOtHA
COMlim 1 A
KANSAS CITY
ST 1 .0111 9
KPniNRFIRLD
TOPKKA
CAmilOII
imiiNsuictc
oi.i» 'rowi
IlKOFfllUI
FAMOTIITII
win cur: mm
uicnrsi KAD
HF.AIIINU
HOOK
ALBANY
ALTOONA
ALLF.HTOWR
BOSTON
iiAinvonn
num. Micron
<:ONC4li;»
IMINKIIIIC
KLIIIIIA
CI.KNJ FALL
iiAiinitiiiunc
UAinroRu
LA
TX
TX
TX
TX
AR
An
OK
OK
OK
LA
TX
LA
All
liO
i;o
HI)
IIU
iis
MB
MR
lie
HA
HA
N.I
MY
PA
NY
WY
PA
PA
MA
CT
VT
III!
NV
NY
NY
PA
CT
32 2R
39 IB
32 Bl
32 49
32 26
34 44
33 2ft
35 24
36 12
36 44
3O 32
32 22
30 12
33 27
3D 50
39 7
3D 43
37 14
39 4
46 32
43 53
44 57
42 2O
41 39
4O 1
4O 44
49 23
43 14
42 43
4« IO
4ft 39
42 22
4i r»6
4>$ 211
43 12
42 3O
42 l«
43 21
40 13
41 44
93 49
97 42
96 Cl
97 21
99 41
92 14
94 22
97 36
95 54
97 6
91 9
93 24
91 59
94 e
92 22
94 36
90 23
93 23
95 3O
6O 1
69 59
6O 4v»
71 17
7O 31
74 36
73 36
73 SO
73 24
73 40
7O 19
73 26
71 2
72 41
73 9
71 30
79 17
76 54
73 37
76 61
72 39
?•/
69X
69X
49X
67/
66X
55X
70X
CSX
49X
7OX
sex-
54X
63X
64X
64X
7OX
66X
63X
C3X
6OX
6OX
63X
6OX
66X
B9X
49X
66X
6ftX
49X11
64X
66X
5SX
7ftX
6OX
49X
BOX
BftX
64X
4UX
74X12
73X12
73X12
62X12
71X12
7ftXI2
74X13
74X13
74X12
54X12
74X12
54X12
5(1X12
67X12
60X12
64X12
74X12
70X13
72X12
62X12
69X12
64X12
67X12
64X12
70X12
60X12
49X12
79X12
64X12
B4X 9
73X12
7OXI2
64xiy
74X12
64X12
53X12
54X12
64X12
73X12
02X12
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
MO.
CODE
KITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE START I IfC ENDING
I
l\3
O
121
123
123
124
123
126
127
1211
129
139
131
IU2
133
134
r.t3
1:16
137
Kill
139
140
141
142
143
144
143
i-ro
147
140
149
I'.iO
Ilil
ir»2
iu:i
154
IG3
156
157
ISO
189
169
14737
14761
14762
14763
14764
14763
14771
14777
14778
14799
14793
14896
14829
14821
I4n:»:i
141123
14037
141139
I41HO
I4U42
14843
14.143
141155
141160
141 191
1 41195
14 119 II
1490-t
14913
14914
149 ID
I492O
14922
14923
14923
14926
14931
14933
14933
I493B
POHCIUCERPSIE
rim.irsiiimc
pirrsniincii
PITTSFIF.LD
POIl'ILAND
PROVIDF.NCE
RY11ACIK3B
WILKKS-OARRE
WILLIAMS POUT
BOOTH VEYnouTB
WILLOW GROVE
RANTOUL
CLKKF.LAND
COLUMOIJ9
IIKTIUHT CITY
KinnLAY
MAIHSOII
MILWAIirCE
miSKl'COH
PKOIUA
pp.iu;y
RAO 1 HAW
CLKHVIKH
F.RIK
NANRPIELD
AKiinn
CnCF.d DAY
LINCOLN
IHIUIIII
FAIICO
INT FM.IJR
I.A rnnssK
MINNEAPOLIS
noi.iN
iinciiKnrnn
HT CLOUD
IIURLINCTON
DF-S* HOINE8
GRAND 18
KIRKSVILLE
NY
PA
PA
riA
ME
Rl
NY
PA
PA
HA
PA
IL
Oil
Oil
Ml
Oil
Ml
Wl
Ml
IL
Oil
III
IL
PA
Oil
Oil
Wl
Nil
MN
NO
MN
Wl
MN
IL
UN
MN
IA
IA
NO
no
41 30
4* 5U
49 21
42 26
43 39
41 44
43 7
41 20
41 IB
42 9
40 12
49 IB
41 24
49 9
42 23
41 1
43 B
42 97
4:1 ie
49 49
41 47
43 26
4J 0
42 0
49 49
4O 53
44 29
40 31
40 39
46 54
4O 34
43 52
44 53
41 27
43 55
43 33
49 47
41 32
49 BO
49 «
73 53
7O B
79 66
73 IO
79 19
71 26
76 7
75 44
76 63
79 B6
7B B
88 9
Ol 61
O2 63
03 1
113 40
O9 29
07 64
U6 14
U9 41
Ul 7
83 62
87 59
80 II
1(2 31
81 26
08 O
96 46
92 II
96 4O
93 23
91 15
93 13
99 31
92 39
94 II
91 7
93 39
9O 19
92 33
B9X
69X
74X
4OX
6OX
64X
65X
64X
64X
79X
6BX
5 OX
79X
79X
79X
59X
7OX
79X
74X
70X
49X
49X
74X
64X
7OX
64X
69X
69X
70X
7OX
79X
49X
6 f»X
79X
69X
67X
67X
72X
64X
BOX
64X12
64X12
75X13
B3XI2
64X13
73X13
64X12
73X13
73X12
74X13
71X13
62X13
74X13
74X13
V4X|J
54X13
74X13
74X13
74X13
74X13
49X13
64X13
74X12
73X13
74X12
73X12
7:1x13
63X13
74X13
74X13
74X13
53X13
74X13
74X13
73X13
71X12
71X13
72X12
64X12
64X12
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
HO.
CODE
HITK
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE STARTING ENDING
3=-
ro
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
I6U
169
170
171
172
173
174
173
IV6
177
170
179
ino
III!
ma
ur.i
tut
1113
1116
1117
ma
1119
IQO
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
208
14948
14942
14943
14944
14949
14991
23OO2
2:tm»9
23023
23034
23O39
23043
23044
23047
23049
23O52
23062
23064
20065
23066
230OI
23090
s:n 12
23114
23 MO
23 122
23129
23131
23136
23152
2:i 1 54
2U 1 55
2.1 1 5ii
23 I6O
23161
23169
23178
23174
23179
23103
MASOH CITY
OHAIIA
SIOUX CITY
SIOUX FALLS
OMAHA
EAII OLA 1 HE
ALAHOCOnUO
IIOMtl.l.L/ WALKER
MIDLAND
SAN AI«;F.M»
I.AH cnucES
HOSWF.I.L
KL PASO
ANARILLO
SANTA VK
nA'lt>N/CI\EW8
DF.NVKR
GAIUIEN CITY
COOIILAND
GRAND JUNCTION
GALLUP
PARHIHCTOIf
LAS VH;AS
F.iMMim »
HF.NOx:; -TV. AD
RAN DF.RNARDINO
i.onr. itp-.ACU
VICItXIVILLE
OXNAirn
HIIIIUAHK
KI.Y
HAW -...'? IELD
ni.v K
TIICSoll
DACCCT
LAS VKG1.fi
IIANKSVILLE
LOS AIIGKLE9
NKF.nLKl
PHOENIX
tA
NO
IA
Rl>
Nil
Wl
NN
im
TX
TX
II M
NM
TX
TX
NM
NM
CO
KS
KS
CO
NM
NN
NV
CA
HV
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
NV
CA
CA
AZ
CA
HV
UT
CA
CA
AZ
43 9
41 10
42 24
43 34
41 7
44 52
32 51
33 III
31 56
31 22
32 22
33 24
31 4fl
33 14
33 37
36 43
39 45
37 56
39 22
39 7
35 31
36 45
36 16
34 64
39 48
34 6
33 49
34 35
34 13
34 12
39 17
35 23
33 37
32 7
34 52
36 6
nn 22
33 36
34 46
33 26
93 28
95 64
96 23
96 44
95 54
91 29
106 6
104 32
102 12
109 38
106 29
104 32
106 24
IOI 42
IO6 5
IO4 08
184 52
188 43
181 42
IOO 12
188 47
IO8 14
115 2
117 52
119 62
117 14
1 IO 9
117 23
119 6
MO 22
114 61
119 3
114 43
1 18 56
116 4.'
115 18
1 18 43
110 24
114 37
112 1
78X
60X
60X
74X
68X
69X
49X
73X
68X
68X
6IX
49X
6OX
65X
SOX
49X
78X
68X
69X
68X
73X
64X
6UX
66X
56X
66X
49X
6OX
60X
6OX
67X
64X
69X <
63X
55X
6OX
49X
5!»X
65X
73X
74X13
64X13
64X12
74X13
64X12
73X13
70X12
7BXI3
64X12
64X13
65X12
54X12
64X12
64X12
64X13
51X13
74X12
64X12
73X12
64X12
73X12
64X12
«.YXI3
70X12
6'.IXI2
7OXI2
64X12
67X12
64X12
64X12
71X12
V3XI2
74X O
64X12
64X12
64X12
54X12
64X12
64X12
75X12
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
HO.
CODR
BITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE STAirTlNG E BO I WO
ro
ro
291
202
203
204
203
206
207
200
209
2IO
211
212
213
214
219
216
217
2IO
219
220
221
222
223
22k
223
226
227
228
229
239
2!ll
2"2
2:13
2:i4
2»3
236
237
238
239
840
23104
231 OS
231 OO
23190
23194
23193
23199
23202
23211
23230
23232
23234
23236
23239
23244
23243
23273
23273
24OI2
24OI3
24010
24023
24023
2402O
24936
24037
24H90
24101
24106
24110
241 ID
24131
241 2O
24I3O
24131
24133
24137
24141
24144
24149
PnESCOTT
IIF.NO
SAN DIEGO
SANTA DAnBARA
VINULOH
YUIIA
EL CFJWIO
FAinnr.LD
SAN RAFAEL
OAKLAND
SAUMHEIITO
SAN FIIAHCISCO
SANTA HAniA
AI.ANEDA
SUNNYVALE
HONTEHY
SANTA HAniA
URIAH
DICKINSON
HI NOT
AKRON
MOUTH PLATTE
piKimrc
sooTn>ni,upp
LF.WISTOVN
HAVLINS
HAI'IO CITY
OCDEN
NT IIOHE
MOSFS LAKE
FT IUIUUUII
KI.KO
VINNGIIUCCA
ItAKF.n
noine
IHITTE
cirriMNK
F.IMIIIATA
IIF.LF.NA
IDAHO FALL
AZ
NV
CA
GA
AZ
AZ
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
GA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
HO
NO
CO
NO
SO
nn
MT
VY
SD
UT
ID
VA
VY
NV
NV
on
ID
HT
MT
VA
MT
ID
34 39
39 30
32 44
34 26
33 1
32 40
32 49
30 16
30 4
37 44
3U 31
37 37
34 06
37 48
37 29
36 39
34 94
38 8
46 47
48 16
40 19
41 8
44 23
41 02
47 3
41 48
44 3
41 7
43 3
47 12
41 24
4O SO
40 04
44 S0
43 34
49 97
40 36
47 19
46 36
43 31
112 26
119 47
117 1
119 B9
110 44
114 36
119 41
121 B6
122 30
122 12
121 3O
122 23
120 25
122 18
122 4
121 62
120 27
123 12
102 48
101 17
103 13
IOO 41
IO0 17
IO3 36
109 27
107 12
103 4
III 68
IIS B2
119 19
110 25
IIS 47
117 4O
117 49
116 13
112 30
112 22
119 31
112 9
112 4
«TX
60X
6SX
60X
49X
67X
04X
6OX
O6X
6OX
66X
69X
49X
60X
60X
B9X
65X
B9X
6OX
67X
SOX
69X
67X
67X
67X
09X
67X
69X
69X
6IX
SOX
69X
69X
60X
74X
66X
49X
SOX
BOX
BBX
71X13
64X12
74X12
64X12
04/13
71X13
BOX 12
64X13
7OXI3
64X13
70X13
73X13
B3XI3
64X13
64X13
63X13
74X13
64X13
64X13
71X13
04X13
73X13
71X13
71X13
71X13
64X12
71X12
69X12
69X12
69X12
l»->xij
V3/I2
73X13
64X13
74X12
6OXI3
DO/ 13
04X12
62X13
64X12
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Continued)
NO.
CODE
SITK
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE STARTING ENDING
ro
CO
241
242
243
244
249
24ft
247
24O
249
259
251
252
:v..3
2U4
2'JS .
2'.i6
2IiV
2r.O
259
26O
201
202
203
204
205
206
2«.7
2011
209
270
271
272
27:1
274
275
276
277
27O
279
200
24146
24151
24153
24 1 53
24 1 »6
24157
24160
242O3
24207
24217
24219
24220
W.1 1
24225
24227
242-J9
242:«o
24232
24233
24234
24241
24243
242U3
9:10:10
93O34
93037
9:1044
9:1057
9:1102
9:1100
9:1111
9:1112
9:»:»i4
9:1700
9:«7:i3
9:17:19
9:11101
93(105
931107
9311 13
KAURPF.I.L
NAI.AIt CITY
MISSOUI.A
Pl.NIM.KTOn
I'OCATI I.LO
SPOKANE
WAU.A WALLA
EVKIIKTT
TACONA
DF.LLINCIIAN
DALLESPOIIT
F.LLKHsnunc
r.ii«:i-.ir--.
MF.IIFOUD
OI.VNIMA
WIITLAND
IIKDKOH
RAI.KII
PF.A'n I.R
SKAT1-LB
10I.F.IIIJ
YAKIMA
AIICA'I'A
HOUCI.AD
IIIMIIVJ
COLO SPRINGS
'/.UN 1
«:nAN'ifJ
KAI.I.OII
I.OS ALAtMTOS
POINT MUCU
SAN in w;»
VAHDF.tllU-'llf:
IIAUI:IISTOWN
FT MF.AUE
WALL4IPW IS
SPAHTAMnUnC
TAI.I.AMASSI-T.
WINSTON SALEM
DAYTON
MT
in
MT
on
ID
WA
WA
WA
WA
WA
WA
WA
Oil
Oil
WA
Oil
Oil
on
WA
WA
WA
WA
CA
AX
MM
CO
ii n
MM
14V
CA
CA
CA
CA
110
MO
VA
SC
FL
NC
Oil
4B IO
42 l«
46 55
45 51
42 55
47 311
46 6
47 59
47 9
4O 4H
45 37
47 2
44 7
42 22
40 5U
4U 36
44 16
44 55
47 27
47 32
40 29
4« 34
40 59
31 27
32 41
UU 49
35 6
33 10
39 25
33 4O
34 7
32 43
34 43
39 42
39 5
37 01
34 53
38 23
36 O
99 04
14 16
12 19
14 5
IO 61
12 36
17 32
10 17
122 17
122 29
122 32
121 9
120 31
123 13
122 52
122 C4
122 36
121 9
123 1
122 10
122 10
122 4O
120 32
124 6
109 36
103 12
IO4 43
I0O 4O
107 54
1 IO 43
HO 7
119 7
117 12
120 34
77 43
70 46
75 29
Ol 67
04 22
OO 14
O4 13
60X
40X
67X
65X
65X
74X
00X
63X
66X
74X
64X
OOX
7
-------
TABLE 1-1 (Concluded)
MO.
CODR
RITE
STATE LATITUDE LONGITUDE START IRC ENDING
IV)
201
2O3
2113
2114
2l;3
2116
2117
2IIO
2119
29O
291
292
293
294
293
296
297
29O
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
:l"6
::«7
aoo
309
3IO
311
93017
931119
93(120
931122
931124
931136
93114 1
931142
93046
93919
93930
939O7
939119
93992
94012
94014
94224
94223
9424 O
94729
94741
94749
94746
94789
94790
94794
94!K!2
94I13O
941136
941146
94910
EVANS VILLE
INDIANAPOLIS
LRXINCTON
SIMIINCFIRLD
CAIIiminCR
nnuNMwicK
HILTOH
coLiiNmig
ANDF.nSON
nccnrm
ItnALKltTER
LUri.lU
OIIINCY
RLDOnADO
IIAVHE CITY
WII.LISTON
ASTORIA
IIOOUIAI1
OUIIJ.AYUTE
HASSRNA
TRTRitnono
VII ITR PL
VOnCHRSTER
NRW YOIUC
WATERTOWN
«m«:\
nncKi'tii 0
TOI.RUU
CM INN
CHICAGO
WATERLOO
IN
IN
KY
IL
Oil
CA
FL
GA
SC
IB
OK
TX
IL
An
MT
NO
on
WA
WA
NY
NJ
NY
HA
NY
NY
NY
IL
Oil
III
IL
IA
30 3
39 44
3D 2
39 00
39 07
31 IS
30 42
32 31
34 30
31 15
34 53
31 14
39 56
33 13
4O 33
4O II
46 9
46 SO
47 07
44 56
40 51
41 4
42 16
40 47
44 •
43 9
42 12
41 36
46 21
41 09
42 33
87 32
O6 17
O4 36
O9 40
01 04
Ol 20
O7 1
O4 56
O2 43
90 20
95 47
94 43
91 12
92 4O
109 46
103 3D
123 03
123 66
124 33
74 01
74 3
73 43
71 02
73 46
76 1
76 23
09 6
O3 4O
O7 24
07 04
92 24
70X
55X
05X
70X
OOX
69X
62X
69X
04X
49X
54X
67X
SOX
OOX
67X
67X
74X
54X
74X
7OX
52X
6OX
70X
74X
6OX
5OX
70x
70x
63X
7OX
6Ox
74X12
74X12
64X12
74X12
04X12
73X12
71X12
73X12
00X12
04X12
04X12
71X12
04X12
04X13
71X12
71X12
74X13
00X13
74X13
74X12
06X12
72X12
74X13
74X12
64X12
I/1XI.J
74X13
74X13
67X13
74X13
64X13
-------
Emission rate
Cross-sectional area normal to wind of any Make-producing obstacle
(building) 1n the wake of which the emitted material may be caught.
Stack or vent Indicator (stack If emission point Is out of wake and
emissions are buoyant, otherwise vent)
Stack height, diameter, velocity, temperature
PROTO requires the same data as POINT and, In addition, the number of
samples of the prototype to be located 1n the region and the fraction of
samples to be clustered 1n singles, pairs, triplets or quadruplets.
AREA source data consists of a single emission rate (g/s/km^), a unit
population, and definitions of excluded areas. If the unit population 1s
zero, the emission rate 1s constant. If a finite unit population Is
specified, the emission rate for each BG/ED 1s multiplied by the number of
unit populations in the BG/ED. This provides for sources that are
presumed to occur 1n proportion to the number of people present. For
example, the density of autos (and their emissions) may crudely be judged
to be proportional to the population density. Such presumptions should
only be accepted upon careful analysis.
Areas may be excluded (as in the grid definition) if only a single type of
area source is known to be excluded from that area. For example, agri-
cultural sprays will be limited to certain crop areas.
Source data is expected to be on an annual average basis as are the STAR
frequency of occurrence data.
A-25
-------
1.6 MODEL OUTPUT
The output generated by SHEAR consists of:
Listings of Input data
Tables of computed results for each source, source group, species or
species group, as specified.
Isopleth plots of concentration or hazard for each source, source
group, species or species group as specified.
Each type of output that 1s generated by SHEAR Is described briefly below,
Listings of input data include the complete input decks plus formatted
headings and introductions with each output listing.
Each output table, for a single source and species or for summations is in
a single one-page format with a heading and columns of computed parameters
by concentration or hazard level number. Level 1 is the highest concen-
tration (or hazard) computed. Subsequent levels are three per decade
(1, 2.5, 5 x 10d) down to the last level, which is the lowest concentra-
tion (hazard) computed.
Isopleth plots are labeled by level number with a table of level
definitions in the upper right corner.
A-26
-------
1.7 SUMMARY OF THE AREA SOURCE MODULE
Certain of the chemicals to be studied are emitted from area sources that
cannot be specified In detail; such emissions must be Inferred by relating
them to population, motor vehicles, etc. For these, 1t 1s necessary to
use a simple dispersion algorithm to estimate concentration patterns. The
Gifford urban-area dispersion algorithm (Hanna and Gifford, 1973) has
proved to be a simple but physically realistic model capable of estimating
atmospheric pollutant concentrations caused by area source emissions in
cities. The basic Hanna-Gifford Equation is given as:
x • cq0yu , (ii)
where X 1s the air pollutant concentration, QQ 1s the effective emissions
rate per unit area, and U 1s the wind speed. The parameter C, generally
referred to as the Gifford coefficient, is a weak function of the city
size; it may be taken to be approximately constant. Theoretically, the
parameter C is given by:
(2A)1/2 • X^/Lad - b)]'1 , (12)
where X is the distance from a receptor point to the upwind edge of the
area source. The constants a and b are defined by the vertical atmo-
spheric diffusion length, a - ax . Values of a and b for different
atmospheric dispersion conditions have been discussed by Pasquill (1970,
1971). The parameter C can be estimated for various combinations of the
stability factors a and b and by assuming that X equals half the city size
(Hanna, 1978). For example, 213 would be an appropriate value of C for a
city with a land area of 400 km2 under Pasquill Class D stability (while
a - 0.15 and b * 0.75). Specific values of the parameter C have been
A-27
-------
empirically estimated by Hanna and Gifford (1973) for a large number of
U.S. cities based on a large quantity of air quality data, average annual
emissions, and meteorological conditions. The mean value of C has been
found to equal 225, with a standard deviation roughly half that magni-
tude. This value of the parameter C has been recommended for use in
evaluating an area source by the EPA (1977a, b) if removal and decay
processes may be neglected. Estimates of the parameter C were calculated
by using Equation 11 and by assuming Pasquill Class D stability as the
average long-term meteorological condition. This is the EPA-recommended
approach.
The application of the Gifford approach within SHEAR has been modified to
provide variation of atmospheric concentration across a modeling region in
proportion to the local emission rate per unit area. This approach
provides a higher degree of resolution of concentration patterns than does
the single urban box approach, but does not address the details of
pollutant advection and dispersion that are treated by grid dispersion
models.
In the present approach, box model (Gifford model) dispersion results are
simply scaled at each 6G/ED by the ratio of the density of emissions per
surface area at the BG/ED to the regional mean emission density.
Options in the AREA code provide for varying or non-varying (from district
to district) emission rates* Emissions that vary with BG/ED are scaled by
the population density of the BG/ED. This is to address pollutant
emitting activities that uniform fractions of the population are expected
to be engaged in at any given time. Examples of such activities are motor
vehicle usage and operation of home furnancas.
Either uniform or nonuniform emission rates may be restricted to specified
portions of the modeling region. This feature is provided so that the
user may address such source types as crop spraying, tillage dust, area
burning, or other activities for which specified areas may be identified.
A-28
-------
Equation 11 shows that the concentration Is inversely proportional to the
wind speed. In SHED only a single, regional, annual average wind speed
was used. In SHEAR, each wind speed in the STAR set is used. The STAR
matrix is summed over wind direction and stability class to give the
frequency of occurrence of each speed. The concentration is computed as
the sum of the frequency-weighted concentrations for each wind speed.
A-29
-------
1.8 REFERENCES
Anderson, G. E., C. S. Liu, H. Y. Holman, and J. P. Killus (1980), "Human
Exposure to Atmospheric Concentrations of Selected Chemicals," EF-
156R, Systems Applications, Inc., San Rafael, California.
A-30
-------
APPENDIX B
COPY OF ACTUAL SHEAR MODEL SUMMARY RUN FOR NORTH DAKOTA
SHE«R ArCUMl»L«TT 0*! PROGRAM PQ ? fR^A SOURCES
CHE*ITAl - ARSZf'IC
RFGTON - NO^TH
REGION PPIGTN (UT" COOKDINATF c/ v I|_OVETE:0S )
EASTING - b'b.
7CMF - 13
REGION fI7F. (KILOMETER)
NORTH-SOUTH - 340.
BG/TD CrMTROIDf - 279?
THE ArCLT»«ULATED CONCEfcTRA T TCK FILt IS FKPTY -- STARTING INITIALIZATION RUN
STA'P rTATTOO - r
HRPAN CL«SS - 1
EXCLULED STAP: TATA - SC(OOCOOOO) US (000000) U D ( 0000 OOOOOCOO 0000 )
WIND 'PFEn .FRECI.iE".'CIES FOR TUS RUN'
1.5 .0 unu
2.5 .1341
1.5 .JGIA
7.0 .^910
9.5 ,ll?t
12.5 .0165
B-l
-------
ARFA SOURCE MICEE0 1 - RES TLC*;TIAL CCK U£ T TOT; C-F COAL
3.6'E-U?
POPULAT!ON/EXPOrlPE SOURCE REPORT FOR — ARSEl"'"
FROM — PENITENTIAL COKtl'STIPIC OF C0*L
POPULATION
7!3.000
713tuOO
EXPQSU,
* .ODE +
HAZARO/TNCIOENCF "EPORT
HAZAPD POPULATION
?.«HE-08
USING A RISK FACTOR OF
7!3»000
7!?iOOO
ft.?9F-03
INCIOENCP
1.72E-02
1.72E-f>2
S1UP.CFS AODEJ TO «C r(J««UL AT E D fONCF NTR AT lOfi FRF
ACCUMULATED POPUL ATT OfJ/FXPOcUR F RFPORT ro R -- ARSENIC
FPOI* — 0 SPECIFIC POINT SOURCES
0 PROTOTYPE SOtJPCFS
1 ADLA SCl'^CEf
POPUL AT TOM
713t000
713t 0:00
F.XPOSUR E
HAZAR"/TNCIPENCF
HAZARD
?.<*1F-08
?.UiF-OP
USING A RISK FACTOR OF
POPULCTTCK'
713tOOO
713tOOO
4.29F-03
INTIDEWCF
1.72E-02
B-2
-------
APPENDIX C
EXAMPLE OF COUNTY-BY-COUNTY EXPOSURE AND RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS
AREA fOt'PCE
COAL usr
OIL USr
FOP
OIL
iien.n
?.*
1.6
620.0
18.0
A°E«
11.211
6.218
18.607
4.630
1.8T6
9,126
13.2P5
9.9C4
9. 1*6
5.3«3
- 8.1?2
POPULATION
52.10R
8?.6P6
7e.009
37,rgr
11.HO*
1 ,«>09?n5?
67,f29
lUM*
NAME
O.T29
ARIZONA
C-l
------- |