OCCOQUAN WATERSHED
MONITORING LABORATORY
FINAL REPORT - MWCOG NURP
Prepared for
Department of Environmental Programs
Metropolitan Washington Council of Government
1875 Eye Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
VIRGINIA TECH
DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
MANASSASf
VIRGINIA
-------
OCCDQUAN WATERSHED
MONITORING LABORATORY
FINAL REPORT - MWCOG NURP
Prepared for
Department of Environmental Programs
Metropolitan Washington Council of Government
1875 Eye Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
VIRGINIA TECH
DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
MANASSAS,
VIRGINIA
-------
FINAL REPORT - MWCOG NURP
Prepared for
Department of Environmental Programs
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments
1875 Eye Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
Prepared Dy
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Department of Civil Engineering
94Q8 Prince William Street
Manassas, Virginia 22110
May 1983
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION 1-1
2 SITE SELECTION 2-1
BMP Site Selection 2-1
Critical Watershed Site Selection 2-2
Atmospheric Sampling Site Selection ... 2-3
High Volume Sampling Stations 2-3
Wetfall/Dryfall Sampling Stations 2-3
3 STATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION 3-1
Monitoring Considerations 3-1
Precipitation Measurements 3-1
Flow Measurements 3-2
Critical Watershed 3-3
BMP Sites 3-4
Sample Retrieval 3-10
Critical Watershed 3-10
BMP Stations 3-12
Data Recording 3-13
Critical Watersheds 3-13
BMP Stations 3-13
Station Installation 3-16
Housings 3-16
Interfacing 3-16
Activation and Shut-Down 3-16
Wetfall/Dryfall Sampling 3-18
References 3-21
4 FIELD METHODS 4-1
Site Visitation 4-1
Rating Verification 4-2
Sample Collection 4-9
5 LABORATORY METHODS 5-1
Sample Handling 5-1
Analytical Program ' 5-1
Analytical Methods 5-4
Quality Assurance 5-4
References 5-6
6 DATA MANAGEMENT 6-1
Data Base Manager 6-1
Computing Facilities 6-1
Variable Codes 6-1
Data Storage 6-1
General 6-1
Cassette Tape Data Storage 6-2
Data Transfer 6-2
Data Base Absract 6-3
References 6-5
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CRITICAL WATERSHED STUDIES 7-1
Introduction 7-1
Base Flow 7-1
Seneca Creek 7-1
Piscataway Creek 7-3
Storm Runoff 7-3
Total Suspended Solids 7-3
Chemical Oxygen Demand 7-3
Nitrogen 7-6
Phosphorus 7-6
Metals 7-16
BMP MONITORING 8-1
Introduction 8-1
BMP Pairings 8-1
Retention and Detention Ponds 8-1
Data Analysis 8-2
Runoff 8-4
Suspended Solids-Retention Ponds 8-4
Suspended Solids-Detention Ponds 8-7
COD-Retention Ponds 8-7
COD-Detention Ponds 8-7
Nitrogen-Retention Ponds 8-7
Nitrogen-Detention Ponds 8-15
Phosphorus-Retention Ponds 8-15
Phosphorus-Detention Ponds 8-19
Metals-Retention Ponds 8-19
Metals-Detention Ponds 8-22
Non-Pond BMP's 8-22
Data Analysis 8-22
Precipitation 8-25
Suspended Solids 8-25
Chemical Oxygen Demand 8-28
Nitrogen 8-28
Phosphorus 8-36
Metals 8-36
References 8-42
ATMOSPHERIC SOURCES 9-1
Introduction 9-1
Total Suspended Particulate Monitoring 9-1
Particulates 9-1
Phosphorus 9-4
Nitrogen 9-4
Metals 9-4
Dryfall 9-12
Solids 9-13
Chemical Oxygen Demand 9-13
Nitrogen 9-13
Phosphorus 9-19
Metals 9-19
Wetfall 9-24
COD • 9-24
Nitrogen 9-24
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Phosphorus 9-30
Metals 9-30
Hydrogen Ion Activity 9-36
10 TRACE METALS IN SOILS OF BMP SITES 10-1
Study Sites 10-1
Fai ridge 10-4
Stratton Woods 10-7
Route 234 10-7
Stedwick 10-8
Bulk Mail 10-8
KMart 10-10
Sampling and Sample Selection 10-10
Surface Soils 10-10
Grassed Swale 10-10
Detention Basins 10-17
Depth Sampling 10-20
Laboratory Methods 10-26
Total Enriched Trace Metals 10-26
Soil Property Determinations 10-26
Results-Surface Soils 10-27
Grassed Swales 10-27
Patterns at Swale Sites 10-41
Impacts of Galvanized Culverts 10-45
Detention Basins 10-51
Results-Depth Investigations 10-85
Grassed Swales 10-87
Detention Basins 10-103
Discussion-Surface Soils 10-117
Grassed Swales 10-117
Detention Basins 10-119
Results-Depth Investigations 10-122
Summary 10-124
References 10-126
11 SEDIMENTATION AND PARTICLE SIZE ASSOCIATION STUDIES . . . 11-1
Introduction 11-1
Methods 11-1
Sampling Sites 11-1
Sample Collection 11-2
Sample Analysis 11-4
Results 11-6
Solids 11-6
Organic Matter 11-9
Phosphorus 11-19
Nitrogen 11-19
Metals 11-23
Col i forms 11-25
Particle Size 11-25
References 11-35
12 BIOAVAILABILITY OF NUTRIENTS 12-1
General 12-1
Methods 12-1
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Results 12-5
Wet Ponds 12-6
Dry Pond 12-6
Infiltration Pit 12-6
Grassed Swales 12-8
Porous Paving 12-8
References 12-9
APPENDIX A A-l
APPENDIX B B-l
APPENDIX Cl . . Cl-1
APPENDIX C2 C2-1
APPENDIX D D-l
APPENDIX E E-l
APPENDIX F F-l
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1. Introduction
In May, 1979, the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (MWCOG),
the Northern Virginia Planning District Commission (NVPDC), and the Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University (VA TECH) jointly prepared and sub-
mitted a grant application to the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) for funding of a project under the auspices of the Nationwide Urban Runoff
Program (NURP). A revised version of that grant application was approved by EPA
with MWCOG acting as the lead agency.
In late 1979 negotiations between MWCOG and VA TECH were begun to develop a
detailed plan of work for the field studies required as a part of the MWCOG
NURP. Because of delays in the execution of a final contract document, MWCOG
obtained EPA permission to extend authorization to VA TECH for the procurement
and deployment of equipment prior to the completion of negotiations. Data
collection actually began in June, 1980, and the contract between MWCOG and VA
TECH was executed that same month.
The plan of work for the project was developed around the following general
categories:
o Critical Watershed Studies
o BMP Effectiveness Studies
o Atmospheric Source Studies
o Priority Pollutant Studies
o Special Studies
Of the above categories, studies in each were conducted by VA TECH, with the
exception of the priority pollutant category for which VA TECH only retrieved
samples.
1-1
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In the course of the program, VA TECH instrumented two critical watershed
monitoring stations, sixteen BMP monitoring stations, four atmospheric source
stations, and received samples from an additional seven high volume atmospheric
sampling stations. In all, hydrologic and chemical data from over 600 station-
storms were collected at the critical watershed and BMP stations. The
wetfall/dryfall and hi-volume stations produced an additional observations for
the data base.
It is the purpose of this document to convey the final results of the field
studies conducted by VA TECH as required by Tasks 3f, 3g, 4f, 5h, and 5i of the
MWCOG-VA TECH Contract of 18 June, 1980.
1-2
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2. SITE SELECTION
In order to avoid problems with monitoring program start-up, VA TECH staff
began working with representatives of MWCOG, NVPOC, NAHB, and NVBA on the task
of monitoring site review and selection in February, 1980. this date was
substantially in advance of final work plan adoption and execution of a contract
document between MWCOG and VA TECH, but, as stated earlier, was deemed by all
parties to be necessary to avoid scheduling problems at a later date.
BMP Site Selection
Proposed BMP monitoring sites were reviewed by a five member committee com-
posed of members from the organizations cited above. Following tentative appro-
val of a site by the committee, VA TECH staff conducted an additional examina-
tion to determine the suitability from a monitoring standpoint.
The final project design included 12 monitoring sites, six of which were
pond facilities (retention or detention) requiring inflow and outflow moni-
toring. Nine of these sites were included in the original study design, which
was to be performed in two phases, involving a shifting of monitoring station
locations after a pre-determined period of time. However, later considerations
of late start-up and size of data base made the phased approach unfeasible, and
it was decided to retain the BMP monitoring sites throughout the project. A
summary of the pertinent data from all the selected BMP monitoring sites is
shown in Table 2-1.
Because of the alterations to the original plan of work that took place over
the course of the study, the following observations should be made with respect
to Table 2-1.
o Site V.A. - Bulk Mail Center (51UR13, 51URU) was deleted
from the original sampling plan because of site monitoring
2-1
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problems and unacceptable hazards to personnel.
o Site I.B. - Defief (51UR18) was added to the initial network
of BMP monitoring stations to provide information on moderate
density single family catchments drained by grassed swales
(in a Maryland suburb).
o Site III.B. - Lake Ridge (51UR07, 51UR08) was originally
instrumented as a part of the EPA Chesapeake Bay Program.
The site was continued under MWCOG NURP, but was not
equipped with compatible instrumentation.
o IV.A - Rockville City Center (51UR19) was added to the work
plan because of the desire to include a porous asphalt parking
surface in the project.
o VLB - Fair Oaks Mall (51UR20, 51UR21) was added to the
project plan using external funds contributed by the mall
developer.
Given the above observations, it may be determined that the final project design
for BMP assessment was distributed as follows:
Retention Ponds - 3 sites
Detention Ponds - 2 sites
Grassed Swales - 3 sites
Infiltration Pits - 2 sites
Porous Paving 1 site
The MWCOG NURP station numbering scheme is presented in Table 2-2.
Critical Watershed Site Selection
At the direction of COG staff, VA TECH personnel arranged to meet with
representatives of the USGS Towson District Office for the purpose of selecting
2-2
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suitable monitoring sites on Seneca and Piscataway Creeks. The sites requested
by COG staff were located at existing USGS gaging stations as follow:
STATION USGS STATION MWCOG NURP STATION
Seneca Creek at 01645000 51UR01
Dawsonville, Md.
Piscataway Creek at 01653600 51UR02
Piscataway, Md
Atmospheric Sampling Site Selection
High Volume Sampling Stations. COG staff selected a network of eight high
volume atmospheric particulate monitoring stations in the Washington, D.C.
region. These stations were all operated by other agencies, and arrangements
were made to provide filter mats and air flow data to meet the program analyti-
cal needs. The stations names and numbers are summarized in Table 2-2.
Wetfall/Dryfall Sampling Stations. Originally, three wetfall/dryfall monitoring
stations had been envisioned for the project. These were to be placed near BMP
sites for which atmospheric source data were required near other urban areas for
which atmospheric source data would be useful. At the end of the EPA Chesapeake
Bay Sub-Study performed by VA TECH, an additional wetfall/dryfall sampler became
available, and permission was secured from the owner, the Virginia State Water
Control Board, to use the equipment in the project. The final wetfall/dryfall
sampling site locations are shown in Table 2-2. It should be noted that one
site, Burke Village Center, was instrumented with two samplers in order to allow
determination of the differences between general air mass sources and near-
ground sources.
2-3
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Table 2-1. - Continued
ro
MONITORING BMP
SITE TYPE
A.
B.
C.
Stratton Hoods Grassed Swale
Duflef Grassed Swale .
Hestleigh Inflowi Met Pond
Outflowi
STORAGE
(cu.ft.)
I. Large-Lot Single
189,000
BMP INFLOW % BMP '
OTHER DATA COVERAGE
Family Residential
MeanJSwala 260 ft. 1C. 100%
Mean Swale Slope
1.8%
Mean Swale Length 1C. 100%
44S ft.
Mean Swale Slope
5.1%
Pond Surface Area Monitor 100%
50,000 sq. ft.
II. Medium. Density Single Fully Rasidental
A.
B.
A.
B.
C.
Palridge Grassed Swale
Burke Ponds Inflowi Wet Pond
Outflow! Hat Pond
Stedwick Inflowi Dry Pond
Outflow!
Lakeridge Inflowi Dry Pond
Outflow!
Dandrldge Infiltration Pits
351,000
III. Townhouse/Garden
38,000
(NPS)
210,000
(10 yr. 2 hr.)
4060
(Void Space)
Mean Swale Length I IB 89.4%
423 ft.
Mean Swale Slope
4.1%
Pond Surface Area Monitor 100%
41.000 sq. ft.
Apartatents
5.51 36" Riser Monitor 100%
1/2* Perforations
7.5' Riser Monitor 100%
Perforated 6* III A, B 47.6%
Tile Drains
IV. Office
A.
Rockville City
Center Porous Pavement
27.400
(void space)
Perforated 6* Tile III A, B. 91.1%
Drains
v. Industrial
A.
Bulk Mall Center Inflowi Dry Pond
Outflows
68,000
(NPS)
1.5* B' Dlaa. Riser Monitor 1OO%
1" Perforations
VI. Shopping Center
A.
R
Burke Village
Shopping Center Infiltration Pits
Fair Oaks Uet Pond
11,240
(void apace)
13 t^ft
1OO»
SOURCE: NVPDC
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Table 2-1. BMP Monitoring Sites for MWCOG NURP
WATERSHED AVERAGE
MONITORING AREA DEIISITY
SITE (acres) (du/acre)
A. Stratton Woods 9.48 1.8
B. Duflaf 11.84 2.2
C. Westleigh
Inflowi 40.9 1.2
Outflow. 47.9
EFFECTIVE
IMPERVIOUS • IMPERVIOUS REPRESENTATIVE
GROUND COVER GROUND COVER SLOTS
(«) ' (%) (»»
I. Large Lot Single Fully Residential
22.2 16.5 . 1.6
18.5 11.1 8.5
21.2 14.0 1.7
24.2 16.1
WATERSHED WATERSHED
AREA WITH AREA WITH
SEPARATE STORM CURB t GUTTER
SEWERS (»( It)
100 . O
10O 0
100 81.7
II. Medlusi Density Single Family Residential
A. Fairldga 18.8 2.8
B. Burke Pond
f\3 Inflowi 18.3 3.O
1 Outflowi 27.1
cn
A. Stedwlck
Inflowi 27.4 6.1
Outflowi 14.4
a. Lakerldge
Inflowi 66.3 9.O
Outflowi 88.4
C. Dandrldge 2.46 16.0
14.1 21.0 4.1
32.7 25.1 4.5
11.5 24.5
III. Townhouse/Garden Apartments
11.8 22.1 4.7
10. 5 19.2
32.6 17.2 7.9 ' '
30.7 24.7
54.5 11.6 1.6
100 0
100 100
100 79.7
100 68.1
100 100
IV. Office
A.Rockvllle Center 4.2 M/A
69.5 69. 5 2.6
100 74. J
V. Industrial
A. Bulk Mall
Center Inflowi 19.0 M/A
Outflowi 2O. 1 H/A
A. Burke Village
Shopping Center 4.S H/A
B. Fair Oaks 54.7 M/A
81.0 81.0 •
78.5 78.5
VI. Shopping Centers
79.2 79.2 1.6
90.0 90.0 •
100
100 B2.0
• •
SOURCE: NVPDC
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Table 2-2. MWCOG NURP STATION NUMBERS
RUNOFF SITES
STATION NO.
HI-VOL FILTER SITES
STATION NO.
Seneca Creek
Piscataway
Burke Pond (in)
Burke Pond (out)
Dandridge
Stratton Woods
Lake Ridge
Lake Ridge
Fai ridge
Stedwick (in)
Stedwick (out)
Rockville Police HQ
Bulk Mail (in)
Bulk Mail (out)
Westleigh (in)
Westleigh (out)
Burke Village Center
Defief
Rockville
Fair Oaks (in)
Fair Oaks (out)
UR 1
UR 2
UR 3
UR 4
UR 5
UR 6
UR 7
(CB 7)
UR 8
(CB 8)
UR 9
UR 10
UR 11
UR 12
UR 13
UR 14
UR 15
UR 16
UR 17
UR 18
UR 19
UR 20
UR 21
Catholic University, D.C. HV
Hadley Hospital, D.C. HV
Hall, MD HV
Rockville, MD HV
Laurel, MD HV
Arlington, VA HV
Fort Belvoir (Fairfax) HV
Massey (Fairfax) HV
NURP WETFALL AND DRYFALL SITES
LOCATION STATION NO
Haines Point, D.C. WF 1
DF 1
Burke Village Center WF 2
(on roof)
DF 2
Burke Village Center WF 3
(on ground)
DF 3
Stedwick WF 4
DF 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
•
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3. STATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION
Monitoring Considerations
It has been shown that good monitoring program design is an essential com-
ponent of the success of a project such as the MWCOG NURP. The regional nature
of the program dictated that monitoring stations and equipment be located in the
District of Columbia and in the Virginia and Maryland suburbs. In fact, if a
polygon were constructed on a map with the outermost sampling stations located
at its vertices, it would encompass in excess of 3,000 square miles. The far-
flung nature of the monitoring program and the performance of that program by a
single contractor dictated a heavy reliance on automation and unattended opera-
tion of the remote sampling network.
For purposes of site design and equipment selection, station functions were
divided into the following categories:
o Precipitation Measurement
o Flow Measurement
o Sample Retrieval
o Data Recording
An additional constraint imposed was that all station functions, including bat-
tery power, be enclosed in a fiberglass housing measuring approximately 1.8 m x
1.6 m x 2.0 m high.
Precipitation Measurements
Tipping bucket rain gages having a measurement sensitivity of 0.01 inch were
selected for use in the project. With the exception of one location in the
Piscataway Creek drainage basin, all precipitation gages were located on the BMP
monitoring sites discussed in Chapter 2. The Piscataway Creek gage was
installed at the request of COG staff to provide rainfall data for use in the
3-1
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Critical Watershed segment of the study.
The rain gages located at the BMP monitoring sites were selected for use
with a data recording device querying the instrument on a fixed time increment.
For this reason, a rainfall totalizing circuit was employed. At each tip of the
rain gage bucket, the circuit was designed to increase the potential across a
set of contacts by 5.0 mvdc. Therefore, at each query from the recording
device, a voltage proportional to total precipitation would be sensed. From
these data, total rainfall, incremental rainfall and intensities could be com-
puted.
The rain gages rainfall totalizers were acquired based on specifications
developed by VA TECH staff, and included in Appendix A. The successful bidders
on the devices were WeatherMeasure (3-1) and Science Associates (3-2), providing
a model P501-1 rain gage and a model 584 event accumulator, respectively. In
the course of the study, the rain gage hardware generally performed well, but
significant problems were experienced with the accumulator circuits. These, on
many occasions, led to the loss of rainfall data.
Flow Measurements
The provision of accurate and precise flow data was deemed to be essential
to the successful completion of the project. Flow measurement activities were
generally divided into two categories:
Perennial streams - Critical Watershed Studies
in natural channels
Intermittent flows in - BMP Studies
manmade conduits or
channels
The need for obtaining data of suitable accuracy and precision in each of the
above situations required different approaches to the measurement of flow.
Critical Watersheds. As noted in Chapter 2, the critical watershed monitoring
3-2
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stations on Seneca and Piscataway Creeks were established at existing gaging
stations operated by the U.S. Geological Survey. The Seneca Creek gage is one
of the oldest in Maryland, having records continuously since 1930. The
Piscataway gage has not been in operation so long, but the records are con-
sidered good. Because of the prior effort by US6S in establishing the gaging
stations mentioned, it was not necessary to create new rating curves at the
sites. These stage-discharge relationships had already been computed and their
accuracy determined. Although reliable stage-discharge relationships were
available at the two sites, direct access to USGS recorders and records was not.
USGS policy did not permit non-agency personnel to manipulate the equipment at
either location. Arrangements were made, however, to allow the installation of
VA TECH equipment in the gage house at the Seneca Creek site (51UR01). Because
initial project plans had included the assumption that USGS recording equipment
would be available, it was necessary to acquire an additional stage recorder. A
Stevens Type A-35 (3-3) recorder was procured by VA TECH and used for the dura-
tion of the study at no cost to the project. This device was installed in the
same stilling well as the USGS instrument and operated in parallel with it. The
device described operates by means of a float suspended on a metal tape which
drives a gear wheel connected to the pen on a strip chart recorder. A rating
table was supplied by USGS for the stage to discharge conversion (3-4).
At the Piscataway Creek site (51UR02), it was not possible to place equip-
ment in the gage house operated by USGS. For this reason, permission was
obtained to expend funds for the purchase of an additional fiberglass shelter as
well as the flowmeter required to instrument the station. Instead of the con-
ventional float-recorder arrangement, however, site conditions made it necessary
to utilize a different type of device. The flowmeter selected was of the type
installed at all the BMP monitoring sites. The instrument was a secondary
3-3
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device of the bubbler type. It was equipped with an air compressor and storage
tank to provide a source of the operating gas. The air reservoir was connected
to a fixed orifice in the USGS stilling well and to an electronic pressure
transducer in the flowmeter. The latter was able to sense the static head on
the orifice, and thereby able to output a stage height signal on a continuous
basis. The instrument used was also equipped with an erasable, programmable,
read-only memory (EPROM) which allowed the internal computation of discharge
using a stored rating curve. The rating curve was that supplied by USGS (3-5)
and offset by 2.42' to account for the orifice location in the stilling well.
The flowmeter was also equipped with aregulated motor strip chart which had a
multiple overrange feature to permit the recording of very high flows. The
device was purchased based on specifications developed by VA TECH staff, and
included in Appendix A. The instrument used was an ISCO model 1870 flowmeter
(3-6).
BMP Sites. As noted earlier, flow measurements at the BMP sites generally
involved discharges from round pipes or some regularly configured man-made chan-
nel. No situations were encountered where pressurized flow occurred regularly,
although some flow records were lost as a result of infrequent episodes of such
conditions.
In contrast to the perennial streams at the critical watershed sites, no
rating relationships were available for the sixteen other sites monitored in the
BMP evaluation phase of the study. As a result, some primary flow measurement
device was installed at each of the locations monitored. In situations where
round pipe flow measurements were required, Palmer-Bowlus flumes were used
exclusively (3-7). A schematic of the design variation selected is shown in
Figure 3-1. All Flumes were fabricated by a specialty sheet metal jobber from
galvanized metal. To prevent sample contamination, all flumes were coated with
3-4
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- D/4
D/4
D/2
FIGURE 3-1. CROSS SECTIONAL SCHEMATIC OF
PALMER-BOWLUS FLUME USED
IN MWCOG NURP PROJECT
3-5
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epoxy paint. For most of the applications encountered, standard rating curves
were available for the flumes fabricated. In one instance, however, a flume
size was required for which no rating relationship was readily available. In
that instance, a rating table was constructed from a graphical solution based on
energy relationships in the upstream pipe and the flume throat (3-8). The
Arredi diagram and resulting rating curve for the 33-inch flume are shown in
Figures 3-2(a) and 3-2(b), respectively.
The remaining BMP flow measurements were made using Type H flumes. These
devices are not true flumes, but may be considered a cross between a flume and a
weir. They were originally developed by the Agricultural Research Service to
measure irrigation return flows in open channels, but have proven to be well-
suited for a variety of other applications (3-9). Rating tables for a variety
of sizes, having maximum flows from 0.34 to 85 cfs, are available.
Table 3-1 summarizes the primary devices for each station included in the
program.
The secondary devices employed at each of the BMP monitoring stations were
of the same type selected for the Piscataway Creek station. In each case, the
rating curve for the primary device used was stored on an EPROM chip located in
the flowmeter. This made it possible to perform the conversion from stage to
flow in the field, and thus made automatic composite sample collection possible.
It should be noted also that each of the flowmeters was equipped with an analog
signal output in addition to a strip chart recorder. This configuration made
possible recording of flow data by a data logging system. In general, the
bubbler type flowmeters functioned well, but they were found to be subject to
erratic behavior under cold weather conditions. Icing was found to produce
spurious stage readings, and caused the flowmeter to assume that actual stage
increases had occurred, signaling an increase in flow, and, therefore, the need
3-6
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CM O>
>|c\i
o
CO
01
Q.
Q.
O)
a
Note: All Discharges
in cfs
Pipe Cross
Section
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Area, ft2
FIGURE 3-2(a). ARREDI DIAGRAM FOR 33" PALMER-BOWLUS FLUME
7.0
3-7
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GO
I
00
o
O
CQ
ex
(X
o
o.
0>
o
2.4
2.1 -
1.8 -
1.5 -
1.2 -
0.9 -
0.6 -
0.3
Discharge, cfs
FIGURE 3-2(b). RATING CURVE FOR 33" PALMER-BOWLUS FLUME
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TABLE 3-1. NURP MONITORING SITES
STATION NO.
51UR01
51UR02
51UR03
51UR04
51UR05
51UR06
51UR07
51UR08
51UR09
51UR10
51UR11
51UR15
51UR16
51UR17
51UR18
51UR19
51UR20
51UR21
STATION NAME
Seneca Creek
Piscataway Creek
Burke Pond
Burke Pond
Dandridge
Stratton Woods
Thousand Oaks
Thousand Oaks
Fa i ridge
Stedwick
Stedwick
Westleigh
Westleigh
Burke Village Ctr.
Dufief
Rockville
Fair Oaks
Fair Oaks
BMP TYPE
PRIMARY DEVICE
N/A
N/A
Wet Pond Inflow
Wet Pond Outflow
Gravel Pits
Grassed Swales
Dry Pond Inflow
Dry Pond Outflow
Grassed Swales
Dry Pond Inflow
Dry Pond Outflow
Wet Pond Inflow
Wet Pond Outflow
Gravel Trenches
Grassed Swales
Porous Paving
Wet Pond Inflow
Wet Pond Outflow
Existing Rating
Existing Rating
33" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
36" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
15" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
27" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
3.0' Type H Flume
^2.5' Type H Flume
30" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
2.5' Type H Flume
2.5' Type H Flume
42" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
2.5' Type H Flume
27" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
2.5' Type H Flume
0.75' Type H Flume
60" Palmer-Bowl us Flume*
2.5' Type H Flume
*A11 Palmer-Bowl us Flumes fabricated for direct
round pipe inservtion, 30° side slopes, and D/6
floor height.
3-9
-------
to trigger the associated sampler. An example of this is shown on the strip
chart in Figure 3-3. The data shown are from Christmas Eve, 1981, at 51UR10.
The rapid rise and steady stage height is indicative of ice. The vertical lines
on the trace are event marks from attempted sampler activations.
Sample Retrieval
The same sampling device was employed at both critical watershed and BMP
monitoring sites. The sampler was selected based on the need to have a device
capable of maintaining intake velocities in excess of 3 feet per second, storing
either discrete samples or field-constructed composites, and being activated
either by an external signal or an internal timer. In addition, the device was
required to operate on 12 vdc electrical supply. Specifications developed for
the samplers used are reproduced in Appendix A. The device selected was the
Manning S-4040 Automatic Sampler, equipped with discrete and composite sample
collection bases (3-10). These devices were of the vacuum type, equipped with a
metering chamber and repeat sample features in order to provide the capability
of collecting equal volumes upon each sample activation, this feature is essen-
tial if field composites are to be collected. At all stations, sampler intakes
were place so as to collect from well-mixed locations.
Critical Watershed. Although the same sampling device was employed at all sta-
tions, there were two methods of activation. The first of these was employed at
only one station - the Seneca Creek Critical Watershed Site (51UR01). Because
of the decision to use a conventional Stevens A35 recorder, no sample activation
signal was available to allow the construction of field composites, the sample
activation procedure adopted was described by Grizzard, et_ aj_ (3-11). The
system was a simple one, relying only on magnetic reed switch closures to acti-
vate the sampler. The recorder-float wheel which was equipped with magnets
3-10
-------
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Figure 3-3. Effects of Icing on Flowmeter Performance
-------
spaced equidistant on its circumference. As the wheel was turned by rising and
falling stage the magnets passed by a reed switch placed at the recorder base,
causing it to close. Upon activation, the reed switch provided a contact clo-
sure to the station sampler, activating it. An event marker was installed in
parallel with the sampler and left a mark on the recorder trace at each activa-
tion. Because the activating magnets were placed equidistant on the float
wheel, the sample activations occurred at equal increments of rising or falling
stage. This approach to sampler activation has the virtue of being mechanically
and electrically simple, but it also has some drawbacks. First, only discrete
samples may be collected, and, therefore, only a limited number of activations
may take place because of the availability of only 24 bottles in the sampler
base. Second, because of the reliance on stage change to activate the sampler,
it follows that sustained periods of high flow may not allow continued sampler
activation unless the selected stage increment is very small. If that increment
is too small, an excessive number of samples will be taken - exhausting the
storage capacity of the device. The solution- to the problem is to select a
compromise stage increment for sampler activation - one small enough to give
adequate storm resolution, but large enough to avoid exhausting the sampler
storage capacity.
In order to keep the laboratory workload at a manageable level, it was
decided to conduct most analyses on flow-weighted composite samples. For the
stage-activated station, the composite was constructed manually using event mark
time and flow date. The procedure is illustrated in Figure 3-4. This com-
putation is, of course, easily adapted to a programmable calculator or
microcomputer.
BMP Stations. The second critical watershed station (51UR02) and all the
NURP-funded BMP stations were configured to allow collection of a flow-weighted
3-12
-------
composite in the field. This was made possible by a feature of the flowmetering
equipment used for these stations. The flowmeters were all equipped with an
internal total flow accumulator which tracked total volume and also output a
signal at pre-selected volume increments. That signal was used to place an
event mark on the sampler trace (see Figure 3-4) and to activate the sampler.
Because the signals occurred at equal volumes of total flow, and the samplers
collected equal volume aliquots, it was possible to composite these directly in
the field using a single large vessel in the sampler base. Because there was no
longer any limitation on sample numbers, the activation interval could be set to
a much smaller value, assuring more samples over the course of a runoff event.
The technique is illustrated schematically in Figure 3-5. It should be noted
that analysis of the composite sample produced by either method would produce a
value of the event mean concentration (EMC).
Data Recording
Critical Watersheds. At the critical watershed stations, budget limitations
prohibited the use of data recording devices other than the flowmeter and rain-
fall strip charts discussed earlier.
BMP Stations. The BMP stations were, in all instances, established on very
small catchments with rather short times of concentration, creating a need for
good time base resolution between rainfall and runoff recording. In addition,
the inflow/outflow monitoring stations (wet/dry ponds) would present a need to
reconcile the hydrologic data from two flowmeters - particularly with respect to
timing. For these reasons, it was decided to make use of data logging devices
at each of the BMP monitoring stations. The specifications for the devices were
developed by VA TECH staff, and are included in Appendix A. The successful
bidder on the data loggers was A-D Data Systems, providing the ML-10A portable
3-13
-------
LU
CD
time
NOTES: 1. PQ and PR are the begin and end times for the event *•
no samples are taken.
2. S. are the sample points.
3. V. are incremental areas under the hydrograph.
The volume req'd for any sub-aliquot of the composite is expressed by:
V. n-1
-vj = 7^ x c where, VT = z V.
V. = aliquot volume for
1 each sample, S^
C = desired final composite volume
,
* v,
for i = 2 to n-2
FIG. 3-4. COMPUTATION OF COMPOSITE
ALIQUOT VOLUMES
3-14
-------
OJ
fO
o
I/)
time
NOTES: 1. With the exception of V-|, all V^ are equal.
2. If V-j is very small, the error induced by
unequal volume represented by sample 1 and
unsampled volume past sample 12, will also
be small.
3. If Vj is small, a better representation of
flow near peak is also obtained.
FIG. 3-5. SCHEMATIC OF SAMPLING TECHNIC FOR
AUTOMATED COLLECTION OF FLOW-
WEIGHTED COMPOSITES
3-15
-------
data logger (3-12). The principle advantages derived from using a central data
logger at each station may be summarized as follow:
o Recording all data on a system with quartz
crystal timing accuracy reduced the problems
of reconciling inflow/outflow event timing
between stations.
o Recording all data (rainfall, runoff, event marks,
date-time) on a single logging system at each station
eliminated rainfall/runoff timing problems that had
been encountered previously.
o Providing the ability to record field data in a
directly machine-readable format eliminated the
human errors invariably associated with reducing
data from strip charts.
Station Installation
Housings. As noted previously, the equipment at 51UR01 was placed in the same
building as the USGS stage recorder. All other equipment (excepting rain gage
receivers) was mounted in molded fiberglas enclosures manufactured by Western
Power Products (3-13) according to specificatons in Appendix A.
Interfacing. Because each of the types of instrumentation used in the study was
obtained from a different manufacturer, a substantial task existed to interface
them all into an adequately-functioning station. The electronic interfaces and
connections were, in general, designed and fabricated by VA TECH staff. A sche-
matic diagram of the instrument arrangements for the BMP monitoring stations is
shown in Figure 3-6.
Activation and Shut-Down. The station dates for first and last grab and runoff
3-16
-------
CO
Flowmeter/Sampler
Interface
Rain Gage
Accumulator
n
n
12 vdc Battery
Sampler
Intake
FIG. 3-6. MONITORING STATION SCHEMATIC
-------
sampling are shown in Table 3-2.
Uetfall/Dryfall Sampling
Specifications for wetfall/dryfall samplers were developed by VA TECH staff,
and are included in Appendix A. The successful bidder on the devices, Aerochem
Metrics provided the model 301 wetfall/dryfall sampler used (3-14). The device,
which incorporated a precipitation sensor, allowed for automatic collection and
segregation of wetfall and dryfall in acid washed polypropylene buckets. During
periods of dry weather, the dryfall bucket was exposed to the atmosphere while a
"roof" covered the wetfall bucket. A few raindrops at the start of a storm
event caused the movable roof to cover the dryfall bucket and thus expose the
wetfall bucket. At the cessation of a rain event, the roof moved back over the
wetfall bucket, thus again exposing the dryfall bucket. By making use of the
surface area of the bucket, computations of dryfall loads in mass/area/time of
operation could be made after analysis of bucket contents. Direct analysis of
precipitation samples made possible the determination of loads from that source.
Significant delays were experienced in delivery of the wetfall/dryfall
samplers. The monitoring period for the three NURP samplers and for the one
loaned from the Virginia State Water Control Board is shown in Table 3-3.
3-18
-------
Table 3-2. Inclusive Station Sampling Dates
STATION
NO.
51UR01
51UR02
51UR03
51UR04
51UR05
51UR06
51UR07
51UR08
51UR09
51UR10
51UR11
51UR13
51UR14
51UR15
51UR16
51UR17
51UR18
51UR19
51UR20
51UR21
STATION NAME
Seneca Creek
Piscataway Creek
Burke Pond (inlet)
Burke Point (outlet)
Dandridge
Stratton Woods
Lake Ridge (inlet)
Lake Ridge (outlet)
Fai ridge
Stedwick (inlet)
Stedwick (outlet)
Bulk Mail Center (inlet)
Bulk Mail Center (outlet)
Westleigh (inlet)
Westleigh (outlet)
Burket Town Center
Dufief
Rockville Gr.
Fair Oaks (inlet)
Fair Oaks (outlet)
FIRST GRAB
SAMPLE
8/25/80
8/25/80
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
8/25/80
8/25/80
N/A
N/A
N/A
8/25/80
9/15/80
N/A
9/15/80
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
9/21/81
FIRST RUNOFF
SAMPLE
8/11/80
11/24/80
10/18/80
11/24/80
9/17/80
10/25/80
8/3/80
8/2/80
10/2/80
10/18/80
10/3/80
N/A
N/A
10/25/80
8/15/80
9/10/80
2/8/81
2/20/81
9/15/81
10/26/81
LAST GRAB
SAMPLE
12/07/81
11/30/81
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
7/27/81
7/27/81
N/A
N/A
N/A
9/8/80
9/15/80
N/A
12/7/81
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
12/7/81
LAST RUNOFF
SAMPLE
11/30/81
10/26/81
12/1/81
10/26/81
12/15/81
10/26/81
8/3/81
8/3/81
12/1/81
12/23/81
12/23/81
N/A
N/A
12/1/81
12/1/81
12/4/81
10/26/81
11/6/81
1/4/82
10/26/81
3-19
-------
Table 3-3. Wetfall/Dryfall Sampling Periods
Station Name
Haines Point (D.C.)
Burke Village Centre
Roof (VA)
Burke Village Centre
Ground (VA)
Stedwick (Md.)
Station No.
51WF01
51DF01
51WF02
51DF02
51WF03
51DF03
51WF04
51DF04
Monitoring Period
12/20/80-1/2/82
2/10/81-12/30/81
3/22/81-12/23/81
6/11/81-12/16/81
Number of
Wetfall
Samples
39
39
30
17
Number of
Dryfall
Samples
52
49
38
29
3-20
-------
References
3-1 WeatherMeasure Division, Systron .Donner, Box 41257, Sacremento, CA
95841.
3-2 Science Associates, Inc., 230 Nassau St., Box 230, Princeton, NJ
08540.
3-3 Leupold and Stevens, Inc., Box 688, Beaverton, OR 97005.
3-4 USGS, Towson District Office, Rating Curve for Station 01645000.
3-5 USGS, Towson Disrict Office, Rating Curve for Station 01653602.
3-6 Instrumentation Specialities Company (ISCO), Box 5347, Lincoln, NE
68505.
3-7 Palmer, H.K. and F.D. Bowlus, "Adaptation of Venturi Flumes to Flow
Measurements in Conduits," Trans. A.S.C.E., 101, pp 1195-1216, (1936).
3-8 Wastewater Engineering: Collection and Pumping of Wastewater,
Metcalf and Eddy, Inc., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1981.
3-9 Field Manual for Research in Agricultural Hydrology, Agriculture Hand-
book No. 224, ARS, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division,
USDA, Washington, D.C. 1962.
3-10 Manning Environmental Corp., 120 DuBois Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95061.
3-11 Grizzard, T.J., C.W. Randall, and R.C. Hoehn, "Data Collection
for Water Quality Modeling in the Occoquan Watershed, EPA 600/9-76-016,
pp 819-823, 1976.
3-12 A.D. Data Systems, Inc. 200 Commerce St., Rochester, N.Y. 14623.
3-13 Western Power Products, Inc., 900 Portway Ave., Hood River, OR 97031.
3-14 Aerochem Metrics, 6832 SW 81 Street, Miami, FL 33143.
3-21
-------
4. FIELD METHODS
Site Visitation
VA TECH staff performed site maintenance visits on a minimum weekly fre-
quency. The same site visitation schedule was also adhered to for
wetfall/dryfall sampling stations.
At each station visit, staff carried out routine maintenance activities
including the following:
o battery changes
o equipment performance checks
o equipment changes, as required
o minor instrumentation repairs, as required
o major and minor site maintenance and repair,
as required
All technical staff members involved in field operations received instruc-
tion in sufficient detail to enable them to diagnose, and in many cases repair,
malfunctioning equipment in the field. In cases where this has proven imprac-
tical, staff noted symptoms on site visitation logs, and returned malfunctioning
equipment to the laboratory for repair in-house or for forwarding to the manu-
facturer. On a number of occasions since the beginning of the project, site
damage occurred either as a result of natural forces or vandalism. In no case
did either situation result in the loss of equipment or instrumentation. All
incidents of vandalism were easily corrected. For the most part, they consisted
of the disconnection of flowmeter bubbler tubes or the destruction of flume
approach boxes.
It should be noted that, because of the hydraulic stresses placed upon the
primary devices at each station, a great deal of regular maintenance work was
required just to maintain the integrity of sample intakes, primary devices,
secondary device sensing hoses, and rain gage connections.
4-1
-------
Maintenance activities at each site were recorded on forms provided for that
purpose. These site visitation forms also contained pertinent station operating
data, and have been retained as a permanent part of the project record. A
sample is reproduced as Figure 4-1.
Rating Verification
A major concern in the successful management of a runoff quality and quan-
tity data collection program is the measurement of discharge. This presents a
task far more difficult than is generally supposed by those unfamiliar with the
hydraulics of open channels. In order to minimize the errors in mass loadings
due to poor quality flow measurements, VA TECH staff instrumented most MWCOG
NURP stations with primary devices. The only two exceptions were the two criti-
cal watershed stations in Maryland, but these sites both had previously-prepared
rating curves.
The two types of primary devices employed in the field study were the Type H
flume and the Palmer-Bowlus flume. Even though these devices are quite
reliable, experience has shown that an independent verification of the stage-
discharge relationship is desirable. For this reason, VA TECH staff conducted
such a program of verification with tracer dilution studies performed using
1 ithium chloride.
Because lithium is rare as a dissolved species in most aquatic systems, it
often makes an excellent choice for chemical gaging systems, this is due to the
fact that elimination of a need for background correction eliminates one entire
set of sampling equipment from the system.
Figure 4-2 is a schematic of the tracer injection dilution system used, and
also shows the nomenclature for the calculations necessary to compute flow.
Constructing a mass balance around the upstream manhole, it may be seen that
equation 1 results:
4-2
-------
00
1. Date: ,„
4. Personnel:
OWML SITE VISIT LOGBOOK - NURP
lf_f_ 2. Site: \A R. 7 3- Time: I O O S
J^ &_£
5. Equipment Changes (Note Serial 0 When Changes Are Made)
0 NONE
Q OTHER, If so, what?
6. Equipment Maintenance
D NONE
d BATTERY CHANGED
Ef CHART CHANCED
/_C
13 CASSETTE TAPE CHANCED ei~f~ r u.
E) OTHER '
C A f C if id '
7. Sample Collection
GJ NONE
D STORM SAMPLES
7
D CRAB SAMPLES TOTAL PRECIPITATION
8. Equipment Settings After Site Visit (Circle One)
CHART SPEED
RECORDER FULL
SCALE SPAN
LEVEL UNITS
MODE (Primary
Device)
AND TYPE
SAMPLE INITIATION
SIGNAL
SCALING CONSTANT
TOTAL FLOW
1/8 1/4 1/2 1 rfj 4
NORMAL /"" 1st EXPANDED^ 2nd EXPANDED
. FEET^ METERS
LEVEL X 1^ 2 3 4
'ban
10 /"' 100 ) 1000
j>. TO ci
9. Sampler Setting After Site Visit
O FLOW D. Mult. Bottle , l)
0 Mult. Sample 6
D TIME Mln. Mrs.
3.7 1
7.5 2
15 4
30 6
12
24
10. DATA LOGGER
Power [3 ON
D OFF
D Not In Use
DATA SKIP
Digital D Yes H No
Clock D Yes D No
Tlmeset D Reset Time?
0 Run
?*'-io'.ll
Channel
Temp.
Skip
2345
7 8 9 10
Approximate Sample Size In
Inches Hg vacuum
Bottle Type
Q 500 ml
O 1 liter bottle
D composite bottle
In Use
01 t 1 / ^ A
1 L J M J O
0__1_2 3456
Volts/~b 1 2^ 3 4 5 6
SCAN INTERVAL
Sec. 10 30 Scon
Mln. 1 5 (\j£) 30
Tape Q
OFF RC Reading
ml 5 " ->
789
789
789
O Manual
Si Internal
D External
23 t rfff)
J
Q Record RC Interface Reset
D Yea
a NO
11. Weather:
D Clear 0 Partly Cloudy D Overcast D Rain D Snow
12. Final Check
CD Instrument Doors Shut
Cl Sample Electronically Advanced
Q Sampler Pressure Sensor In Place
13. Site Activity:
Air Line Connected
Air Line Not Pinched
Battery Plugs Connected
FIGURE 4-1. EXAMPLE OF NURP SITE VISITATION SHEET
-------
TRACER METERING SYSTEM
AUTOMATIC SAMPLING STATION
, "U
MASS BALANCE!
CD = <)„(:„ + QTCT
NOTE! IF Cy = 0 AND Q^> QJf THEN:
FIGURE 4-2. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF TRACER DILUTION SYSTEM
-------
QU+QT
= c (i)
where, Qu = Flow upstream
GU = Trace Concentration upstream
Qj = Tracer input flow
Cj = Tracer input concentration
QD = Flow downstream
CQ = Tracer concentration downstream
Equation 1 may be simplified in the following manner:
(1) Note that the value of GU = 0 (If Proper Tracer is Used)
(2) Note that QD + QU+QT and QT « ^ .
Rewriting Equation 1 yields:
QTCT
QD » — (2)
CD
In this manner, discrete flow measurements may be made at the time of each
sample collection. Using the concomitant stage measurements made by the
downstream flowmetering system, a rating curve of stage vs. actual discharge may
be constructed.
Lithium chloride is soluble at a concentration of over 6x10^ mg/1 at 20C.
Lithium represents 16.37 percent of the compound by weight, therefore a solution
approaching saturation would contain over 98 grams of the metal per liter. In
addition, lithium may be detected at the sub-part per million level (100 ppb) by
either emission or atomic absorption spectroscopy. Therefore, using a saturated
solution, and assuming dilution to the detection limit would allow the measure-
ment of a sewer flow almost a million times larger than the tracer flow. At a
tracer flow of 100 mL/min., for instance, this would correspond to about 60 cfs.
4-5
-------
A portable metering system was constructed for field use from the following
components:
o Low current drain (<100 ma), low volume, high accuracy
positive displacement metering pump, operating on 12 vdc
o 12 vdc motorcycle battery
o Float switch
o Plastic tracer reservoir
o Container for entire system
A 5 gallon carboy containing the tracer solution was inserted in a metal
drum, a false floor placed above it to carry the metering pump and battery, and
the whole suspended in a storm sewer manhole with an expandable "chinning bar."
A float switch was placed in series with the metering pump so that the onset of
flow in the conduit started the system. Prior to leaving the system unattended,
a calibration of the pumping rate in place was carried out with a graduated
cylinder and stop watch. A schematic of the injection system is also shown in
Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-4 shows the results of a number of tracer analyses at station UR15.
This site was of particular concern to VA TECH staff because of the rather steep
slope of the approach to the flume. To assure the maintenance of a sub-critical
flow regime upstream of the flume, an artificial barrier was placed in the flow
just upstream of the measuring section. As may be seen from the results in the
figure, the agreement between the theoretical and observed flows is quite good,
indicating that no adjustments were required to the flow data base.
Rating verifications of this type were carried out wherever concern existed
over the accuracy of the primary device alone. Examples of conditions that
prompted a verification study included:
o Suspicion of deformed primary devices.
4-6
-------
MANHOLE COVER
METERING
PUMP
•BATTERY
FLOAT SWITCH
SCHEMATIC OF CHEMICAL GAGING
FEED APPARATUS
FIGURE 4-3.
4-7
-------
0)
O»
0)
4->
CL
1 2
Indicated Discharge, cfs
FIGURE 4-4.
RESULTS OF RATING VERIFICATION STUDY
FOR 42-INCH PALMER-BOWLUS FLUME AT
UR15.
4-8
-------
o Suspicion of super critical flow upstream
of primary devices
Sample Collection
Stormwater samples from the critical watershed and BMP stations were
collected immediately following the cessation of runoff. At times, in order to
prevent samples from standing in the field for extended time periods, portions
of storm runoff composite samples were collected and returned to the laboratory
prior to event completion. Samples were always transported in insulated con-
tainers and refrigerated immediately upon return to the laboratory. In general,
samples remained in the stations no more than twelve hours following the collec-
tion of the first aliquot of a composite.
Wetfall and dryfall samples were generally retrieved following the comple-
tion of a runoff event. However, if an additional precipitation event began
prior to sample retrieval, the bucket was generally allowed to remain in place.
Begin and end times were recorded to coincide with sample bucket deployment and
retrieval, not actual times open to the atmosphere.
4-9
-------
5. LABORATORY METHODS
Sample Handling
Upon receipt in the laboratory, all samples were logged in and placed in the
custody of the laboratory supervisor. While in storage, prior to preparation
for analysis, all samples were held at 4 c in dedicated refrigerator compart-
ments. No preservation other than refrigeration was used, with the exception of
samples prepared for metals analysis. These were prepared and acidified to pH 4
prior to storage.
EPA (5-1) and APHA (5-2) guidelines were used in developing laboratory pro-
cedures for handling samples prior to analysis. Sample container preparation
was given high priority in the protocol designed to protect sample integrity.
Sample bottles were cleaned by the following procedure between uses in the
field:
1. Phosphorus-free detergent wash
2. Chromic acid wash for contaminants as needed
3. 1+1 HC1 wash for adsorbed inorganic removal
4. 3 deionized water rinses
5. Air dry
Analytical Program
The analytical program for the MWCOG NURP was jointly developed by MWCOG and
VA TECH. Table 5-1 summarizes the constituents measured for the five classes of
sample retrieved: baseflow, runoff, wetfall, dryfall, and High Volume par-
ticulate. Figure 5-1 shows a sample flow diagram from time of laboratory
receipt through completion of analysis.
5-1
-------
Table 5-1. Basic Analytical Program for MWCOG NURP
Plant Nutrients
a) Wet
b) Digested
C) Chlorophyll a
Solids
a) TSS
b) VSS
c) TDS
d) TS
Organics
a) BODt} and/or 20
b) COD
c) TOC
Heavy Metals
a) Cadmium
b) Chromium
c) Copper
d) Iron
e) Lead
f) Manganese
g) Nickel
h) Zinc
Bacteriological
a) Total Coli forms
b) Fecal Coli forms
c) Fecal Streptococci
Physical
a) Alkalinity
b) Dissolved Oxygen
c) pH
d) Secchi Disk
e) Specific Conductance
• f) State
g) Temperature
Baseflow
X
X
X
Monthly
X
E & S
V
Monthly
V
X
X
X
X
X
Runoff
X
X
X
Monthly
X
E & S
^
/
Monthly
\
/
Monthly
X
X
X
NOTE: E-Extractable S-Soluble
Wetfall
X
X
Monthly
X
E & S
\
/
Monthly
X
X
X
Dryfall
X
X
X
X
E
\
/
\
Hi - Vol
X
X
E
\/
5-2
-------
oo ui
>- >
n: o
Q- s:
Fig. 5-1. MWCOG NURP ANALYTICAL FLOW SHEET
Samples Retrieved
Flow, Time, Date Information Recorded
Samples Logged In
Raw Data Sheet Initiated
,£ BO
D C
oo
5:
UJ
^-
OD
o
£
-
DIGESTION
SOLUBLE TOTAL
KN SOLUBLE
P
N03
FKN Total P
BAC-T
5-3
-------
Analytical Methods
The analytical procedure utilized in the study are summarized and referenced
in Table 5-2. Methods were selected from accepted procedures in the classical
and automated analysis literature. Some procedures were modifications of origi-
nal methods developed by VA TECH and utilized routinely in the laboratory. The
decision to make extensive use of automated analysis was brought about by the
workload already experienced by OWML and the increase anticipated as a result of
the NURP effort.
Quality Assurance
Analytical quality assurance was recognized to be an integral part of the
MWCOG NURP. The performance of all analytical tasks for the project was under-
taken with the same in-house quality assurance program operated by the VA TECH
Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory (OWML). A copy of the quality
assurance plan was transmitted to COG Staff on 25 September, 1980, and is also
included as Appendix B.
5-4
-------
TABLE 5-2
ANALYSIS
BOD5
BOD2Q
COD
TSS
ORTHO
PHOSPHORUS
TOTAL
PHOSPHORUS
TOTAL
SOLUBLE
PHOSPHORUS
AMMONIA
TOTAL
KJELDAHL
NITROGEN
SOLUBLE
KJELDAHL
NITROGEN
NITRITE AND
NITRATE
FECAL
COLIFORM
EXTRACTABLE
METALS
SOLUBLE
METALS
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE REFERENCE
MWCOG NURP
COMMENTS REFERENCE
Determined using the static bottle method. 5-2
BOD2Q was inhibited.
Determined by the normal range method or 5-1, 5-2,
by the automated procedure. 5-3
Determined according to the references, 5-1, 5-2
with the following exception: A 70mm
glass fiber filter was utilized to allow
a larger volume of filtrate to pass before
clossing. This filtrate was used in the
determination of soluble nutrients and
metals as detailed below.
Determined by the single reagent automated 5-2
method.
Determined upon digests done according to 5-3, 5-4
(5-4) and analyzed according to the
low-level automated method (5-2).
Identical to the above except that the 5-3, 5-4
sample was an aliquot of filtrate from
the Total Suspended Solids analysis.
Determined by automated method. 5-3
Determined upon digests done according to 5-3, 5-4
(5-4) and analyzed according to the
automated method.
Identical to above except that the sample 5-3, 5-4
was an aliquot of the filtrate from the
Total Suspended Solids analysis.
Determined by the automated reduction 5-3
method. Data reported as the sum of
N02 + NOa as N.
Done according to the multiple tube 5-2
fermentation technic in (5-2).
Determined by Atomic Absorption Spec- 5-1
troscopy on acid extracts.
Identical to above except that the sample 5-1
was an aliquot of filtrate from the Total
Suspended Solids analysis.
5-5
-------
References
5-1. Methods of Chemical Analysis for Water and Wastes. U.S.E.P.A.,
Washington, D.C. (1979).
5-2. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastes. APHA,
15th Edition (1980).
5-3. AutoAnalyzer II Industrial Methods Manual. Technicon Corporation,
Tarreytown, N.Y.
5-4. Personal Communication: "Total Phosphorus and TKN (micro semi-
automated method)", Mark Carter, EPA, Chicago, Illinois (1975).
5-6
-------
6. Data Management
Data management activities undertaken as a part of the project included
coding, computer storage and transfer of data to project participants.
Data Base Manager
The Statistical Analysis System (SAS) was chosen as the computer-based data
management and analysis system for the project (6-1). VA TECH experience with
SAS over a period of some years has led staff to conclude that it is one of the
most flexible and easily-used data management systems available. SAS data sets
containing project numeric data were stored on disk packs and backed up on tapes
at the computing facility utilized.
Computing Facilities
All SAS operations, and, therefore, data storage and manipulation were
carried out on the IBM 370/158E located in the Virginia Tech Computing Center in
Blacksburg. Access to the system from the Manassas laboratory was by remote
ASCII compatible terminals.
Variable Codes
The list of variable code names was developed as an expansion of the SAS
variable names already used by VA TECH-OWML. SAS variable names have a limit of
eight characters, and, as a result, abbreviations have been adopted for most of
the variables stored on the NURP data set. For the most part, the variable
names are self-explanatory and/or have become familiar with continued use.
However, to serve in a reference capacity, a list of NURP variables, their SAS
names, and units of expression is included as Appendix C.
Data Storage
General. Upon the completion of sample log-in procedures, a data coding sheet
6-1
-------
was initiated for each sample to be analyzed. The data collected from field
observations were initially coded into selected fields and the sheet then filed
to await completion of analytical tasks. Upon completion of the analytical
work, the remaining data were coded on the sheet, which was then passed on for
initial entry into a SAS input file. Data from the stations monitored remained
in such temporary storage until checks for accuracy of keying and transcription
could be made. Following such checks, the data were periodically updated into
hard disk storage on OS data sets. Following storage, data retrieval checks
were again made to assure the accuracy of the update. The procedure described
herein adequately describes the storage procedure for all data except the preci-
pitation and instantaneous flow data for those stations equipped with data
loggers.
Cassette Tape Data Storage. The NURP stations established to measure BMP effec-
tiveness were all equipped with portable data loggers as discussed in Chapter 3.
These devices were configured to provide 10-minute data for flow and precipita-
tion at all stations. In addition, the loggers were set up to scan the flow
channel and leave an event mark in another channel at each sample activation.
The machine-readable tapes from the data loggers were retrieved at the end of
each runoff event and returned to the laboratory for direct transmission to the
host computer using a Techtran Model 816 data cassette reader (6-1) and the
RDTAPE Utility provided by the Virginia Tech Computing Center (6-2). It may
easily be seen that this device provided a great savings in staff time and
potential coding error elimination. The precipitation and flow data were main-
tained in separate hydro!ogic data files.
Data Transfer
Because NVPDC has also made use of the mainframe computing facilities in
Blacksburg, most data transfers to that agency have been performed on the
6-2
-------
system. Transfers to COG were by means of generation of an update tape and
mailing it from Blacksburg, to Washington.
Data transfers to EPA were required to be in a machine-readable STORE! for-
mat. It was recognized that the SAS formats used for the project were not com-
patible with STORET.
At the request of MWCOG staff, NVPDC modified and supplied VA TECH with a
version of a State Water Control Board computer program designed to translate
information in SAS data sets to a format compatible with the requirements of the
EPA STORET system. Initial testing of the program showed it to be incapable of
translating boundary times on composite samples, and to be equally deficient in
its inability to load over 30 variables per observation.
Because of the noted deficiencies, VA TECH staff undertook the construction
of a new translation program to transmit data in the ?04 storage procedure
required in the NURP Data Management Procedures Manual. The program was tested
and used in all data tape transfers. The program itself was provided to EPA to
serve as a guide for other involved in similar transfers. The program state-
ments are reproduced in Appendix C.
Data Base Abstract
It is interesting to note the size of the data base created by the MWCOG
NURP. In the course of the study, the following have been compiled:
Number of Observations
Hydrologic Data 77,077
Runoff Quality Data 1,238
Soil Solution Data 323
Wetfall Quality Data 126
Dryfall Quality Data 169
High Volume Sampler Data 53
6-3
-------
The above summary, of course, does not show the extensive list of variables
included in each observation.
6-4
-------
References
6-1 Statistical Analysis System, SAS Institute, Inc., Box 8000, Gary, NC
27511.
6-2 Techtran Industries, Inc., 200 Commerce Drive, Rochester, NY 14623.
6-3 Virginia Tech Computing Center, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
6-5
-------
7. CRITICAL WATERSHED STUDIES
Introduction
Monitoring data were collected at two critical watershed stations
established on Seneca Creek near Darnestown (UR01) and on Piscataway Creek at
Piscataway (UR02). The sites, their instrumentation, and operation have been
described elsewhere in this report.
Base Flow
Regular base flow sampling took place throughout the course of the study in
order to provide non-storm characterizations of water quality in the two
streams. Table 3-2 shows the inclusive base flow sampling dates for the two
streams.
Seneca Creek. A seasonal summary of base flow water quality data is given in
Table 7-1. As may be seen, 48 samples were collected and analyzed in a moni-
toring period that encompassed the summer and fall seasons of 1980 and 1981, and
the winter and spring seasons of 1981. Examination of the data in Table 7-1
leads to the conclusion that base flow water quality in the stream is generally
quite good in all seasons. Total suspended solids were always below 10 mg/L,
and average oxygen demand as measured by COD was always less than 15 and less
than 10 mg/L for most seasons.
Average seasonal total phosphorus concentrations never rose above 0.1 mg/L.
The soluble and ortho forms were generally less than 0.08 and 0.06, respec-
tively. Unoxidized nitrogen was never higher than 0.6 mg/L as N. A substantial
concentration of nitrate was maintained in the stream throughout the year,
ranging from 3.36 to 4.07 mg/L as N. The very high inorganic nitrogen to total
soluble phosphorus ratio would assure that from a macro-nutrient standpoint, the
7-1
-------
Table 7-1. Base Flow Data Summary for Seneca Creek
(1980-1981)
Number of Samples
TSS, mg/L
COD, mg/L
Ortho-P, mg/L
Total Soluble P, mg/L
Total P, mg/L
NH3-N, mg/L
TKN, mg/L
(N02+N03)-N, mg/L
Total N, mg/L
D.O., mg/L
PH
Winter
7
4.7
4.7
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.45
3.49
3.99
13.6
6.2
Spring Summer
9
9.8
13.9
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.11
0.59
2.77
3.36
9.3
6.04
14
8.9
8.1
0.06
0.07
0.10
0.06
0.51
3.46
3.96
8.4
7.1
Fall
18
2.5
6.2
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.04
0.42
3.64
4.07
10.7
6.8
7-2
-------
stream would be phosphorus limited.
Piscataway Creek. A seasonal summary of base flow water quality data is given
in Table 7-2. The sample summary shows that 41 base flow samples were collected
in the course of the study. The seasonal distribution was as noted above for
Station UR01. The summer data show generally the greatest departure from the
other seasonal averages. Summer average COD's at the monitoring station
exceeded 20 mg/L while the dissolved oxygen was only 6.8 mg/L on average. Total
phosphorus averaged over 0.16 mg/L with ortho-P averaging 0.08 mg/L. Much lower
concentrations of nitrogen forms were observed than at the UR01 station. From
the relative abundance of phosphorus compared to nitrogen it appears that from a
macro nutrient standpoint, the stream would generally be nitrogen limited. The
extreme low summer flows, which averaged 2.8 cfs on the dates sampled, reduced
the dilution available and contributed to the higher concentrations observed.
Storm Runoff
Figures 7-1 through 7-12 show the distribution of storm runoff loading data
for the critical watershed stations. All loads are expressed in units of
pounds/acre/inch of runoff. This, it should be noted, is only a convenient nor-
malization of event mean concentration. The data have been plotted in the fami-
liar box-and-whisker format to allow comparisons between UR01 and UR02.
Total Suspended Solids. The distribution of total suspended solids storm
loadings are shown in Figure 7-1. As may be seen, the median value for UR01 is
lower than that for UR02, but the interquartile range is greater. Both distri-
butions are positively skewed, which is to be expected with hydrologic and/or
water quality data sets.
Chemical Oxygen Demand. The COD data loading distribution is shown in Figure
7-3
-------
Table 7-2. Base Flow Data Summary for Piscataway Creek
(1980-1981)
Constituent
Number of Samples
TSS, mg/L
COD, mg/L
Ortho-P, mg/L
Total Soluble P, mg/L
Total P, mg/L
NH3-N, mg/L
TKN, mg/L
(N02+N03)-N, mg/L
Total N, mg/L
D.O., mg/L
pH
Winter
7
2.5
8.4
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.54
0.78
0.67
1.49
13.6
5.8
--..-.._-...... S P a ^
Spring
8
5.7
16.7
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.10
0.61
0.44
1.05
9.3
6.2
nn— .-.— .........
Summer
10
7.9
21.3
0.08
0.10
0.16
0.10
0.66
0.15
0.80
6.8
6.7
Fall
16
3.7
12.7
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.04
0.44
0.26
0.71
10.5
6.5
7-4
-------
180.
150.
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
p
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
120.
90.0
* »
60.0
30.0
.0
STA
STA
31UR01
SIURO:
Figure 7-1. Distribution of Total Suspended Solids
Loads at Critical Watershed Stations
in Ibs/acre/in runoff.
7-5
-------
7-2. Again, the median loadings for UR02 were higher than those for UR01. The
median loadings in the Figure correspond to event mean concentrations of 42.2
and 72.6 mg/L for UR01 and UR02, respectively.
Nitrogen. Distributions of loadings for various nitrogen forms are shown in
Figures 7-3 through 7-7. Examination of Figures 7-3 and 7-5 shows that a rela-
tively small fraction of the runoff TKN loadings at UR01 and UR02 were in the
ammonia form. Figure 7-4 shows the soluble kjeldahl nitrogen loading distribu-
tions. If compared to the TKN data in Figure 7-5, it may be seen that approxi-
mately 40 percent and 25 percent of the loadings at UR01 and UR02 respectively,
were in the soluble form. The runoff oxidized nitrogen loading distributions
may be seen in Figure 7-6. The data from UR01 exhibited a dramatically higher
median loading rate (0.53 Ib./acre-in.) than those from UR02 (0.11 lb./acre-in.).
This is consistent with the base flow .concentration trends discussed in Tables 7-1
and 7-2. The total nitrogen loading distributions are shown in Figure 7-7. The
median runoff loads for UR01 and UR02 were found to be 0.98 and 0.68
Ib./acre-inch, respectively. These correspond to EMC's of 4.3 and 3.0 mg/L,
respectively. A major difference between the two stations, however, is that 57
percent of the median loadings at UR01 were inorganic nitrogen, while only 21
percent were in that form at UR02. In evaluating nutrient availability, then,
it is apparent that the differences between the runoff from UR01 and UR02 are
greater than Figure 7-7 would indicate.
Phosphorus. The storm runoff loading distributions for phosphorus forms are
shown in Figures 7-8, 7-9, and 7-10. As may be seen in Figure 7-8, the ortho-
phosphorus loadings were uniformly low. Likewise, the total soluble phosphorus
loadings in Figure 7-9 exhibited very low values and a narrow range. The total
phosphorus loading distributions are shown in Figure 7-10. The median loading
7-6
-------
30.0
S
C
H
E
N
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
e
23.0
•f +
20.0
*
13.0
10.0
t—
;.oo
.0
STA
STA
31UR01
51UR02
Figure 7-2.
Distribution of COD Loadings for Critical
Watersheds in Ibs/acre/in runoff.
7-7
-------
1.30
1.23
1.00
.730
.500
.230
.0
STft
*
0
I
*—«
•—I
31UR01
*- + -»
31UR02
Figure 7-3.
Distribution of Ammonia Loadings for
Critical Watersheds in Ibs/acre/in
runoff.
7-8
-------
1.50
i.:
i.oo
.730
.100
I
I
•f—+
I + I
*—*
I I
•f +
I
.0
STA
STA
S1UR01
S1UR02
Figure 7-4.
Distribution of Soluble Kjeldahl
Nitrogen Loadings for Critical
Watersheds in Ibs/acre/in runoff,
7-9
-------
1.50
S
c
H
C
H
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
1.25
1.00
.730
. soo
—
t—+
.230
.0
STA
STA
31UR01
31UR02
Figure 7-5. Distribution of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
in Ibs/acre/in runoff.
7-10
-------
1.30
S
c
H
E
M
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
1.23
1.00
.730
t +
SOO
.0
STA
STA
J1UK01
31UR02
Figure 7-6,
Distribution of Oxidized Nitrogen Loadings
for Critical Watersheds in Ib/acre/in
runoff.
7-11
-------
1.30
1.25
S
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
1.00
.730
—t
;oo
.230
.0
STA
STA
:IUROI
S1UR02
Figure 7-7. Distribution of Total Nitrogen Loadings
for Critical Watersheds in Ibs/acre/in
runoff.
7-12
-------
.400
300
S
c
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
K
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
.400
.300
.200
. 100
.0
STA
STA
*
I
*- + -»
-—I
31UR01
Figure 7-8.
Distribution of Ortho-Phosphorus Loads
for Critical Watersheds in Ibs/acre/in
runoff.
7-13
-------
.600
.500
S
C
H
E
A
T
I
C .400
P
L
0
T
S
.300
.200
. 100
*
I
* *
* «
.0
STA
STA
31UR01
SIURO:
Figure 7-9.
Distribution of Total Soluble Phosphorus
Loadings for Critical Watersheds in
Ib/acre/in runoff.
7-14
-------
.600
500
.400
.300
:oo
*—*
. 100
.0
STft
STA
S1UR01
51UR02
Figure 7-10.
Distribution of Total Phosphorus Loadings
for Critical Watersheds in Ib/acre/in
runoff.
7-15
-------
values were 0.11 and 0.23 Ib./acre-inch for UR01 and UR02, respectively. These
data correspond to EMC's of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L as P.
Metals. Loading distributions for exractable zinc (conventional AA) and total
lead (graphite furnace AA) are shown in Figures 7-11 and 7-12, respectively.
The median values for stormwater-borne zinc loadings were 1.03 and 1.63
lb./acre-in., for UR01 and UR02, respectively.
For the greater part of the study, lead concentrations, and therefore,
loadings were below the detection limit of the analytical technique employed, a
limited number of storms, however, were analyzed for lead using the capabilities
of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The distributions of these
low level lead loadings are shown in Figure 7-12. The median values of the
loadings shown correspond to median values of EMC's of approximately 20 yg/L.
7-16
-------
180.
ISO.
120.
40.0
60.0
30.0
.0
STA
STA
MUW02
Figure 7-11. Distribution of Extractable Zinc
Loadings for Critical Watersheds
in Ib/acre/in runoff.
7-17
-------
100.
80.0
60.0
<>0.0
20.0
.0
STA
ST4
Figure 7-12.
Distribution of Extractable Lead
Loadings for Critical Watersheds
in Ib/acre/in runoff.
7-18
-------
8. BMP MONITORING
Introduction
As discussed in Chapters 2 and 3, a total of sixteen automatic monitoring
sites were instrumented for BMP effectiveness studies. Descriptions of the
sites, the BMP types, station numbering, and flow measurement devices were pre-
sented in Tables 2-1, 2-2, and 3-1. It is the purpose of this section to pre-
sent in more detail the results of the BMP monitoring-specifically to do so in a
graphical format that allows rapid visual comparison of pollutant export data
between monitoring stations. To this end, the data presentation will be under-
taken using box-and-whisker diagrams as described previously in Chapter 6, and
used in Chapter 7. The raw data from the BMP monitoring are contained in
Appendix E.
BMP Pairings
When the BMP evaluation is directed towards an inflow/outflow practice such
as a pond, it is a simple matter to make calculations of efficiencies of pollu-
tant by observing inflow and outflow loads and adjusting for the additional
direct drainage area between the inlet point and the point of outflow. The pro-
cedure is less clear for practices such as infiltration pits, grass swales, and
the like. The reason for this is that there is generally no clearly defined
control available for such on-site practices. In the case of a pond, which is
an off-site practice, the basin serves as its own control. Table 2-1 contains
some suggestions regarding the control to be used for non-pond type BMP's.
Retention and Detention Ponds
As may be seen in Table 2-1, six pond monitoring sites were included in the
study plan. Because of physical problems encountered in the study, two of the
8-1
-------
pond sites were dropped from the monitoring network. The deleted ponds and the
reasons for their elimination were:
Pond
Bulk Mail
Fair Oaks
Station(s)
UR13, UR14
UR20, UR21
Reason for Abandonment
Backwater submergence
of pond inflow point.
Leaking outlet riser
in wet pond.
At the former site, no instrumentation was ever placed, and therefore, the data
base contains no observations for the site. At the latter site (Fair Oaks)
equipment was placed and in operation before the leaking riser was discovered.
A limited number of outflow storm events is available, but they are insufficient
for use in pond efficiency estimates. The upstream monitoring station (UR20),
however, has been included in the non-pond BMP data base because it is represen-
tative of a shopping mall catchment with high frequency vacuum cleaning of the
parking lot. One of the remaining pond pairs was not originally instrumented
for the MWCOG NURP, but was actually a holdover from the USEPA Chesapeake Bay
Program. The site (UR07, UR08) was instrumented with flow measurement equipment
not used in the MWCOG NURP, and, as a result, different data recording and
sample compositing techniques were used (8-1).
Data Analysis. When conducting BMP studies, the best result is a data base con-
sisting only of synoptic storm events monitored on ponds at inflow and outflow
points draining 100 percent of the tributary area. This situation, however, is
the exception rather than the rule. In the first instance, ponds draining equal
areas at the inflow and outflow points are a rarity. Usually, direct drainage
to the pond supplements the flow entering the principal inlet, or there is more
than one principal inlet. However, it is generally possible to locate facili-
ties, for monitoring purposes, that have a principle inflow point. For effi-
8-2
-------
ciency calculations, adjustments may be made to account for the differing
drainage areas. For this study, the percentage of total pond drainage repre-
sented by the monitored inflow ranged from 67.5 to 85.4 percent.
The potential problems in data base analysis posed by attempting to rely
only on synoptic data at inflow and outflow points are more complicated. In
general, monitoring programs relying on automatically functioning stations will
produce a number of non-paired storm events in the course of a project. It is
the opinion of the writer that excluding such storms from the analytical data
base seriously weakens the BMP efficiency analysis for the following reasons:
o Long-term monitoring of unpaired storm events has been
a generally accepted procedure for comparing pollutant
export from catchments of different land uses.
o The pond may be viewed as an off-site treatment that
alters the export characteristics only at the point
of outflow. A comparison of the pollutant loading
populations from the inflow and outflow stations,
then, is more easily justified than the paired
catchment approach because the data originate in
runoff from the same basin.
o The approach allows, in general, the use of a much
larger data base. The statistical analysis power,
if any, lost from using other than paired storms
is more than compensated for by generally providing
a longer term description of BMP behavior.
o If the precipitation and/or runoff population
distributions for the inflow/outflow stations can
be shown to be similar, it may be reasoned that the
resulting pollutant export characteristics are like-
wise comparable. This is stated in full knowledge
that all storms of similar volume do not produce
identical pollutant loads. It is reasonable to
conclude, however, that if a sufficiently large
number of storms are monitored, the full range of
pollutant load variations will be represented in
the data set for all storms.
o It is also reasonable to conclude that, due to the
skewed nature of the loading distributions, compari-
sons of the median values of the inflow and outflow
loading distributions will provide an adequate
estimate of pond removal efficiencies.
8-3
-------
Efficiency estimates may be made by comparing the inflow and outflow popula-
tion medians of loading data developed in the following ways:
o From event mean concentrations (EMC's) multiplied by
total flow between first and last sample points, and
normalized by dividing by depth of precipitation.
o From EMC's multiplied by total flow between first and
last sample points and normalized by dividing by depth
of runoff over the basin.
o From EMC's multiplied by total flow between beginning
and end of hydrograph, and normalized by dividing by
depth of precipitation.
o From EMC's multiplied by total flow between beginning
and end of hydrograph, and normalized by dividing by
depth of runoff over the basin.
For the purposes of this report, the second approach was selected for
inflow/outflow comparisons, as well as for comparisons of loads between BMP's
and their control sites. The data are present in Appendix E to allow the other
estimates to be made.
Runoff. Figure 8-1 shows the distribution of runoff at the inflow and outflow
stations for all ponds monitored. The data set was purged of anamolies in
hydrologic data before the figure was produced. Such anamolies consisted of
storms with irreconcilable precipitaton-runoff relationships. The same
storms were also excluded from subsequent BMP efficiency analyses. A listing of
the suspect events is in Appendix E. Observation of the paired box and whisker
diagrams shows that, indeed, the runoff populations were very similar, lending
strong support to the conclusion that the use of the entire runoff data base was
warranted.
Suspended Solids-Retention Ponds. Figure 8-2 shows the distribution of
suspended solids loadings. The retention ponds showed mixed performance: Burke
Pond effected no reductions, while Westleigh effected substantial load reduc-
8-4
-------
1.50
1.35
5
C
-
5
4
I 1.00
A
s
b
r .750
^
»
5
2 .500
t
-
I
i
3
.
\i ?S 0
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L
J
0.
1
STA
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•
°
o
o 1
1
0
o o
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o
0 •
1 tt *
1
1
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Itf O
0 «
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1 •
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.-. «-* » | 0 «
1 1 1 1 II
1 1 1 1 III
I'll* i
Mill 1 1 »
»-» || | 0 .-. «*» 0
1 1 »-« 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 II • 1 • «-« 1
1 1 II •-• »-» II 1*1 «-•
| | |.| .-« o_. ._o |H |
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 »-« 1 1 •-• 1
SIUW03 SltlKd/ 5111^10 51UR15
S1UWO". 51UB08 51UR11 51U(?16
Figure 8-1. Distribution of Runoff Depth (in inches) for
Storms Monitored at Pond BMP sites.
8-5
-------
5<».0
C 36.0
3
h -
27.0
1H.O
9.00
.0
STA
STA
1
i
1
1
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t
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5IUK03
S1UWO<.
51UR08
51UWK)
51UR15
51UR16
Figure 8-2. Distribution of TSS Loadings in Ib/acre-in
of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-6
-------
tions, as well as a compression of the interquartile range of the data. A
possible explanation of the apparent poor performance of the Burke Pond is that
the influent median TSS concentrations were very low initially-less than 15
mg/L. Removal percentages "based in median loading rates are summarized for all
ponds in Table 8-1.
Suspended Solids-Detention Ponds. As with the wet ponds, the detention ponds
exhibited mixed performance with respect to solids removal. Negative removals
and relatively high positive removals were observed at Lake Ridge and Stedwick,
respectively, as shown in Figure 8-2. The removals are summarized in Table 8-1.
COD-Retention Ponds. At the median population values, both ponds exhibited
positive removals. These are shown in Figure 8-3, and summarized in Table 8-1.
Burke Pond produced a 21.4 percent removal, while Westleigh pond produced 23.2
percent, but also a substantial interquartile range compression.
COD-Detention Ponds. Both detention ponds exhibited positive COD removals.
Stedwick Pond, in addition, effected a substantial range reduction.
Nitrogen-Retention Ponds. Figures 8-4 through 8-8 show the loading distribu-
tions of nitrogen forms at retention and detention pond inflow-outflows. All
the nitrogen loading data are plotted on a common scale so that visual com-
parisons may be made between forms. Both the retention ponds exhibited positive
removals of all nitrogen forms except for TKN at the Westleigh Pond. Using the
discrete forms of nitrogen as indicators of removal in wet ponds is probably a
poor practice, however, because their long detention times allow sufficient time
for chemical transformations to take place. For instance, referring to Table
8-1, it may be seen that the two retention ponds exhibited removal efficiencies
of 76.1 and 44.8 percent. It is not likely that these resulted from any direct
8-7
-------
Table 8-1. Estimated Removals of Stormwater Pollutants
by Detention and Retention Ponds
00
1
00
POND NAME
Burke
Lake Ridge
Stedwick
Westleigh
NOTE:
TYPE TSS COD NH3-f
Retention -33.3 21.4 26.7
Detention -16.1 18.0 0.0
Detention 79.1 38.3 0.0
Retention 71.2 23.2 31.8
Removal percentages are calculated
values from populations based on:
J SKN
12.5
0.0
17.0
7.4
TKN
10.9
13.3
15.4
0.0
Ox-N
76.1
10.8
0.6
44.8
TN
32.1
15.0
12.7
37.0
OP
76.7
0.0
0.0
90+
TSP
48.6
0.0
20.0
63.0
TP
39.2
8.2
14.3
42.7
Zn
83.7
11.3
46.0
44.2
Pb
37.8
14.4
64.4
81.8
using median loading
Load, #/acre-inch = (EMC) (FLO) (At) fi „.
xlO-5
pA
where,
EMC = Event mean concentration, mg/L
FLO = Event mean flow, cfs
At = Event duration (sample to sample), sec.
p = precipitation, inches
A = basin area, ft
-------
JU.U <
3S.O
S
C
H
r
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T
I
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o
b
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5
r
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V
A
7
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SIA SIUt<03 SlUHOf 51UH10 51URI5
STA blUROA 51U»08 51UR11 51U&16
Figure 8-3. Distributions of COD Loadings in Ib/acre-inch
of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-9
-------
.780
.650
.530
.390
.130
.0
STA
STfl
4*4
I I
0
I
* • #
•I-
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» — *
! !
o.o
4 — 4
I
I
4 — #
I I
• _ o
I I
11
51UWOJ
blUKO?
51UK08
51UR15
51UR11 S1UR16
Figure 8-4. Distributions of Ammonia Nitrogen Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-10
-------
. loo
.650
S
C
H
r.
A
T
C .520
I
T
5
r
0 .390
R
A
R
I
A
3
L . ?^0
£
r
S
*<
\j
.130
, 0 . .
0
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I
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0
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101 1 i»
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1 II
1 1 0 •-« 1
1 1 1
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I
l • •
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10
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4-+ 1
1 1 '
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l»l .-» 1 1 •_• 1 •»•
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II II •-• 1 II
»-» .-« 1 • 1 II 1 »-« 1 «-»
1 1 1 1 1*1 •-« 1 »-« 1
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11111 T
i •-» •-» II 1 1 l
i i l t i l
i ill
1 1
1 |
i i •
STA 51UP03 61UP07 51UH10 51UR15
STA 51UKO<« 51UR08 51UB11 51U»16
Figure 8-5. Distributions of Soluble Kjeldahl Nitrogen
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-11
-------
. IBV
.650
S
C
H
r
A
C .520
3
b
T
S
r
0 .390
V
A
^
I
3
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r
T
\,
0
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I
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1 1
i 1 1
1*1 1
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II ... 1
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O-4 «.
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i
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I
4
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1
1
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1
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t— 4
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I
1
1
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,.
1
t ••
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0
i
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t
+ - +
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1 1
1 |
• 4
. 130
I I
.0
STA
STA
51UK03 51UH07 51UR10 51UR15
5IUHO'. 51UR08 51UW11 51UB16
Figure 8-6. Distribution of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Loadings in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at
Pond BMP's.
8-12
-------
.780
.530
.390
.260
.130
.0
STA
STA
I
* — *
I I
I I
I I
I I
I* I
I I
0.0
I
• — +
I I
I I
I I
n
« —o
I I
* —*
I
I
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I.I
I I
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I
* —»
I I
1*1
Q — O
I I
! I !
51UH03 S1UP07 51UK10 5JUR15
51UH08 51UR11 51U"16
Figure 8-7. Distributions of Oxidized Nitrogen Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's,
8-13
-------
. rso »
1
1
1
1
1
1
.650 »
""1
I
1
+ — *
1
S 1 •-«
C 1 1
\ 1 1
H 1 1
A 1 1
1
* — *
1 1
.
1 1
1 1 1
III-
C .530 • 1
1 1
'1 1
1 1 "I
0 II*
U 1
1
0 «-« 1 1
T 1 1
S 1
I 1
c 1 1
3 .390 « 1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1
3 1 1 •-*
I «-• 1 1
V 1
IX 1
3 I
I I
5 1
l_ .?6« .
1
1
f I
T 1
V 1
1
1
.130 •
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 i-.
II »-* 1
«•» 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
* — *
1
+ - «
1 1
1
1
1
c
«
> — 4
1
1
1
j
1
,
• 1
* — + 4
1
1
y
• 1 1
1 1 1
1
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... 1 1
t
.L
*"T
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i
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«•• •••
1
1
» — *
1
1
1
1
.
ST« S1UH03 5IUW07 51UR10 51UK15
STA S1UWO". 51UR08 blURll 51UH16
Figure 8-8. Distributions of Total Nitrogen Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-14
-------
removal of nitrite or nitrate, but rather from their conversion to other forms.
It is most likely that the mechanism in the case of oxidized forms is biological
uptake and incorporation into biomass. Bacterial biomass may then be removed by
sedimentation processes. Some direct reduction of nitrate loads probably occurs
as a result of rooted aquatic plant uptake. The examination of TKN removals in
the wet ponds is of limited use for the same reasons. While ammonium ion may
directly adsorb to negatively charged sediment surfaces, it is also likely that
another component of its removal, as well as that for SKN and TKN is oxidation
to nitrate and subsequent removal of that anion as discussed above. The net
result is that, in very long detention time facilities, the only fair estimate
of nitrogen removal is the Total N value
Nitrogen-Detention Ponds. The detention ponds, because they fill and return to
a dry condition for each event, have much shorter residence times. As a result,
fewer chemical /biological transformations of nitrogen would be expected to
occur. This is generally confirmed in the removal data seen in Figure 8-4
through 8-8 and in Table 8-1. For Lake Ridge and Stedwick ponds, the nitrogen
forms generally thought of as soluble (Nfy-N, SKN, OX-N) displayed generally low
removals. The two exceptions to this were SKN (17% at Lake Ridge) and OX-N
(10.8% at Stedwick). The removals of those forms associated with suspended
solids were generally more consistent, and as they constituted the greater frac-
tion of the total nitrogen load that consistency was transmitted to the total.
Phosphorus-Retention Ponds. Loading distributions for all phosphorus forms are
shown for all pond types in Figures 8-9, 8-10, and 8-11. The median value
loading reductions are summarized in Table 8-1. Many of the same arguments made
for the soluble/insoluble forms of nitrogen, and to their incorporation into
biomass (bacteria, algae, rooted aquatics, etc.) may be applied to phosphorus.
8-15
-------
.200
ItiO
.120
*
V
A
^
A
3
L .flOOO-01
F
0
3
.'.OOO-O 1
«
STA
o
o
0
1
i
» » »
1 1
1 1
»-» 0
... |
1 4-.
| 040
S1UK03
0
0
1
o | .
4 — *
1*1
• ! I
1 I
" III
0 ft 0_1> •
« III
o « Mi
1 0 •-• •
I 1 1
.-» 4-4 |
0.0 0.0 j
* — 4 4 — 4 |
blUR07 51UK10
0
»
• ' 1
4 * 4
|
4~4
1 « •
-» 1 1 1
II*
•-» . 1
- * *-* 1
1 1
I »
1 0 1
»44 |
5JUH15
Figure 8-9. Distributions of Ortho-Phosphorus Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-16
-------
I
.200 »
5 I
i
5 I
4 I
T I
C .160 «
3 I
LI
3 I
T I
S I
!
3 .\20
1 I
VI
« I
? I
3
L
MOOD-01
<»OOD-01
«
n
»
0
1
t
* » *
1 1
1 1
1 1
«-o
».«
1
1
1
o
o
e
0
1
1
1 »-•
»-• 1*1
O • O 0-O
* - * » - »
1
0 1
1 1
1 1
1 *~ *
1 1 1
1 1 1
«-• 1 .-» •
• l»l I* l»l
II 1 1
0 «-0 | | 1
* II II II
| | •_» .-0 «
•-• 1 II •
Oil •-•
1 1 •-• 1
1 1
e*o 1 | •«<»
» — » *• »
1 1
STfl 51UW03 blUHO? 51UMO 51UR15
STA S1UM(I<» 51UH08 51UR11 51U«16
Figure 8-10. Distributions of Total Soluble Phosphorus
Loadings in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at
Pond BMP's.
8-17
-------
.800
.160
, 120
I
.aooo-oi»
I
.4000-01•
i
I I
1 1
1 •-
1
1
» — *
1*1
1 1 «-
1 I
1 1
»_»
MY 1
* - * * - * * -
i «•« i
1 V* 1
>
j
1
1
*l
1 «
I
»_«
1
1
t
> — »
1
1
J
|
j
1
1
_o
1
1
— *
1
1
1
1
I
j
> • <
*
»•<
> — <
1
1
1*
» j
1
1
1
> •.
1
> » •.
1
!
»
t
* .
h.
» •
1
1
4
• «
1
1 I
•; i
i
.0
STA
STA
S1LW03 510R07 51UH10 51UR15
S1UR04 51UR08 51UR11 51UR16
Figure 8-11. Distributions of Total Phosphorus Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-18
-------
The figures and Table 8-1 show substantial compression of the interquartile
ranges and reduction of the median loading values for all three phosphorus forms
at both retention ponds. In fact, although the total phosphorus removals ranged
between 39.2 and 42.7 percent, the removals of the soluble forms (the most
biologically available) ranged from 48.6 to 63.0 percent.
Phosphorus-Detention Ponds. Examination of the loading distributions and median
value load reductions for detention ponds in Figures 8-9 through 8-11 and Table
8-1 show that the performance with respect to phosphorus was generally quite
poor. The data show essentially no change in the population interquartile
ranges or in the median loading values for ortho phosphorus. In fact, for total
soluble phosphorus, the interquartile range for Stedwick actually increased
through the pond. This poor performance is no doubt due to the short detention
times and lack of opportunity for the soluble forms to attach to the suspended
load. The removal of total phosphorus, although positive, was quite disap-
pointing, ranging from 8.2 to 14.3 percent.
Metals-Retention Ponds. Figures 8-12 and 8-13 show the distributions of inflow
and outflow loading data for zinc and lead at all pond BMP sites. The estimated
removals based on changes in median loading values are shown in Table 8-1. The
data shown for lead in Figure 8-13 and Table 8-1 are based on a much smaller
population than the zinc data. This is because the majority of exractable lead
analyses performed by conventional aspiration atomic absorption spectroscopy
(AAS) fell at or below the detection limit of the instrument. Limited analyses
were performed on storm samples from the later months of the study using the
lower detection limits provided by graphite furnace AAS. The number of obser-
vations comprising the low level data set was substantially smaller.
8-19
-------
.nuuu-u i
.5000-01
«'.000-01
.3000-01
• 20 OD~0 1
.1000-01
. n
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 o
1
1
1
1
1
1
*
1
1
1 i
1
1
4
1
"
1
1 o
1
i o
1 0 *
« 0 • '
I 1
i 1
1
I 1
•
1 1 0
1 1 1
1 .-- 1
i l.l 1
1 o. o 4
1 1 1
II 1
1 II 1
1 •-» 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
? 1
• «
» 0
«
•
0 • |
4
1
4 i
1 1
•
» 1
1 • 1
0 1
1
"I o 1
I "
i 1
1 1
«
1 1
"l 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
II 1
1 1 1
i 4-4 o e • 1
-'III 0 1
1 1 «l 0 «
«-• 1 1
III 1 0 0
• -" 1
1 II 1
-4 1
1 II 1
1 »-• II «-» 1 1
.-« 1 1 •«» «
I I 4| | I 4
1 «-» 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 «-••-»• 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 I |l J ^
i *T* it
i i ||
i 1 II
51UR07 S1UH10 51UR15
bluHO* S1UR08 blURll 51U»16
Figure 8-12.
Distribution of Extractable Zinc Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at Pond BMP's.
8-20
-------
STft
STft
2400-01
2000-01
1600-01
'
1ZOD-01
flOOO-0?
4000-02
'
n
-
o
v
o
* — +
1 1 0
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
0-0 «-•
II I* 1
• _ * 0_ V
+ — *
1 1
•1-
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5IUR08 51UR11 51UR16
Figure 8-13. Distribution of Extractable Lead (furnace
AA) Loadings in Ib/acre-inch of runoff at
Pond BMP's.
8-21
-------
Substantial reductions in zinc loadings were observed at both the wet pond
sites, ranging from 44.2 percent (Westleigh) and 83.7 percent (Burke). Using
the limited low level data base for lead loadings, the removals varied from 81.8
to 37.8 percent for the same two stations. This has limited water quality
significance, however, because the lead concentration ranges for the samples
used were all below 30 ug/L.
Metals-Detention Ponds. The loading distributions for zinc and lead at the two
detention pond sites are shown in Figures 8-11 and 8-12. The median loading
reductions are summarized in Table 8-1. While the highest loading rate distri-
butions for zinc and lead were observed at the Lake Ridge inflow site, the remo-
val percentages were also the lowest observed. The zinc and lead reductions
attained at the Stedwick site were much higher, and, in fact, were comparable to
those from the wet pond sites.
Non-Pond BMP's
As may be seen in Table 2-1, six non-pond BMP's were included in the study
plan. These consisted of 2 infiltration pits, 3 grassed swales, and one porous
paving application. All the non-pond BMP's, therefore, fell into the volume
control category-indicating that, at least in part, the functional mechanism of
pollutant removal was assumed to be reduction of flow volume. This reasoning,
of course, derives from the design features of such practices that allow some
portion of the runoff flow to be directed into the soil profile.
Data Analysis. As stated earlier in the section on pond data analysis, flow
volumes in ponds may be assumed to balance between inflow and outflow over the
long term. For that reason, an analysis of pond efficiencies based on long-term
observations of pollutant exports at the inflow and outflow points seemed
appropriate.
8-22
-------
The situation is less clear for volume control BMP's. The study design
called for the use of the uncontrolled station at a pond BMP pair as the control
for the volume control BMP monitored at a similar land use. In the project
planning stages this seemed to be a logical method for maximizing the efficiency
of limited resources available for site instrumentation and monitoring. The
realities of the study, however, have made it apparent that selection of control
catchments based only upon similarities of development density and imper-
viousness makes such comparisons difficult. Differences in soils, slopes, and
f
traffic patterns may have contributed materially to the problems experienced in
establishing adequate control watersheds for the volume control BMP's. In
retrospect, it now seems clear that site selection for such a study should focus
(with limited monitoring resources available) not only on the location of
control watersheds having very similar physical attributes to the BMP watershed,
but also on the proximity of the control and BMP-applied catchments. For stu-
dies of relatively short duration, a dataset of sufficient size may not be
created to allow comparisons of pollutant export under similar hydrometeorologic
conditions.
As stated earlier, volume control BMP's function, at least in part, by
directing a portion of the runoff flow into the soil profile. For this reason,
effectiveness comparisons made on the Ib/acre/inch of runoff basis used in the
pond evaluations are not suitable. A more logical choice would be comparisons
based on pollutant export generated as a result of the initial driving force:
rainfall. An efficiency analysis was attempted using the loading populations
developed from Ib/acre/inch of precipitation and control/BMP catchments as
follow:
8-23
-------
BMP TYPE SITE CONTROL SITE
Infiltration Pit Dandridge (UR05) Stedwick Inflow (UR10)
Burke Village Center (UR17) Fair Oaks Inflow (UR20)
Swale Drain Stratton Woods (UR06) Westleigh Inflow (UR15)
Fairidge (UR09) Burke Inflow (UR03
Dufief (UR18) Westleigh Inflow (UR15)
Porous Paving Rockville City (UR19) Fair Oaks Inflow (UR20)
Paired as shown above, the BMP and control site comparisons suffer from the
following deficiencies:
o The Dandridge site was not entirely representative of
outflow from an infiltration pit as 52 percent of the
site drainage reached the monitoring point unobstructed.
In addition, the site is extremely remote from its
control basin, the inflow to Stedwick pond. There were,
as well, substantial differences in site imperviousness
and development density.
o The infiltration pit site at Burke Village Center might
have successfully used the wetfall and dryfall loads
reaching the surface as estimators of the uncontrolled
loading. However, it is suspected that the ground-level
dryfall collector on a principally parking catchment does
not do an adequate job of collecting direct deposits from
motor vehicle undercarriages. Using the Fair Oaks Pond
inflow point as a control has some deficiencies of its
own: the control site already had its own BMP practice
(vacuum sweeping) and the storm event data base-was quite
small (10 events).
o The Stratton Woods and Westleigh inflow catchments appeared
to have sufficient physical similarity to permit comparisons,
but the wide separation of the sites and the very different
rainfall distributions have made this doubtful. Careful
editing of the datasets to include storms of more similarity
might remedy this.
o The Fairidge and Burke Pond inflow sites also displayed
substantial physical similarity, but the wide separation
of the catchments and differences in rainfall populations
contributed to the limited suitability of the pair.
o The Dufief and Westleigh inflow sites were located in the
same area. The development densities were high at the
Dufief site, but the net impervious percentages were
similar. This pair probably had the best opportunity
to serve in the control-BMP function. However, due to
8-24
-------
the late date in the program at which the Dufief site
was established, and the very low runoff volumes pro-
duced, only eight runoff events were available for
analysis. The Westleigh data set was much larger, and
therefore, more representative of catchment export
behavior.
o The Rockville City-Fair Oaks inflow pair suffer from
the same problems as noted earlier with the Burke Village
Center-Fair Oaks inflow. In addition, the sites were
widely separated.
Having summarized the apparent weaknesses of the selected pairs, the limited
effectiveness data may be viewed in proper context.
Precipitation. As stated earlier, because of the unknown quantity of runoff
directed into the soil profile with volume control BMP's, comparisons with the
control catchments would be best performed using unit area pollutant export per
unit rainfall. Figure 8-14 presents the rainfall data distributions for the
volume control BMP sites and their selected control basins. As may be seen, the
median rainfall values were similar for the following pairs:
UR05 - UR10
UR17 - UR20
UR19 - UR20
Of the above pairs, it should be remembered that the Dandridge site received
52 percent of its drainage directly-not through the infiltration pit. An addi-
tional limitation of the pairings above is the relatively small size (10 events)
of the Fair Oaks inflow (UR20) data set.
It is likely that editing of the data sets of the other proposed pairs would
produce similar "driving force" populations that would make the resulting pollu-
tant export comparisons more meaningful.
Suspended Solids. Figure 8-15 shows the suspended solids loading distributions
for the volume control BMP sites. While strictly not a volume control site,
UR20 has been included because it is a vacuum swept catchment and also its
8-25
-------
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51UR03 51UR06 51UR15
51UR03_ 51UR10 31UR09
Figure 8-14. Distributions of Rainfall Data at Volume
Control and Control BMP Sites.
8-26
-------
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STA SHJW06 51U917 51UR19
Figure 8-15. Distribution of TSS Loadings in Ib/acre-in
of precipitation at Volume Control BMP's.
8-27
-------
loading data have been used for the control for sites UR17 and UR19. The esti-
mated efficiency data for the volume controls for TSS are given in Figure 8-2.
These were developed using the available loading distributions from the BMP
sites and their selected control sites (loads expressed as Ib/acre/in-Precip).
As may be seen, the results are not encouraging for any of the swale drain
sites, with efficiencies ranging from -17.8 to -224 percent. It is possible,
however, that these poor estimated performances are artifacts of the site and
rainfall distribution differences. Similarly poor results were obtained from
the Dandridge infiltration pit, and probably for the same reasons. The Burke
Center infiltration pit, however, appeared to perform quite well when compared
to the Fair Oaks inflow, producing a TSS removal estimate of 36.9%. Likewise,
the Rockville Center porous paving site was estimated to achieve a TSS reduction
of 82.5 percent.
Chemical Oxygen Demand. The COD loading distribution data are shown in Figure
8-16. It is interesting to note that two of the residential swale sites, UR06
and UR09, exhibited very similar median loading rates, while the third site,
UR18 was substantially lower, it is also interesting to note that the lowest
loading distribution of all was derived from the Rockville Center porous paving
site. Reference to Table 8-2 again shows the disappointing volume control per-
formance, with two exceptions: Burke Village Center (UR17) and Rockville Center
(UR19), which produced median COD loading reductions of 36.9 and 82.5 percent,
respectively.
Nitrogen. The loading distributions of ammonia, soluble Kjeldahl nitrogen,
total Kjeldahl nitrogen, oxidized nitrogen, and total nitrogen are shown in
Figures 8-17 through 8-21, respectively. As may be seen from comparing the
values from common scales on the ordinates, TKN was generally the dominant form
at all sites. Nitrate loadings at the UR06 and UR18 swale drainage sites were
8-28
-------
Table 8-2. Estimated Removals of Stormwater
Pollutants at Non-Pond BMP Sites
oo
i
ro
UD
SITE NAME
Dandridge (UR05)
Stratton Woods (UR06)
Fai ridge (UR09)
Burke Ctr. (UR17)
Dufief (UR18)
Rockville (UR19)
BMP TYPE CONTROL STATION
Infiltration Pit
Swale Drain
Swale Drain
Infiltration Pit
Swale Drain
Porous Paving
UR10
UR15
UR03
UR20
UR15
UR20
TSS
-66.
-133
-50.
50.
31.
96.
7
0
0
0
0
PERCENT
COD
-144
-224
-48.1
36.9
-17.8
82.5
TN
-200
-187
-18.
-9.
36.
59.
REMOVALS
2
8
5
9
TP
-267
-220
-9.1
-8.0
-23.3
88.1
ZN
-160
-581
-140
48.2+
-173
99+
Pb
-234
-543
-328
-
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Figure 8-16. Distribution of COD Loadings in Ib/acre-in
of precipitation at Volume Control BMP's.
8-30
-------
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Figure 8-17. Distribution of Ammonia Nitrogen Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-31
-------
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Figure 8-18. Distribution of SKN Loadings in Ib/acre-inch
of precipitation at Volume Control BMP's.
8-32
-------
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Figure 8-19. TKN Loadings in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation
at Volume Control BMP's.
8-33
-------
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Figure 8-20. Distribution of Oxidized Nitrogen Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-34
-------
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Figure 8-21. Distribution of Total N Loadings in
Ib/acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-35
-------
similar, but were both substantially different from those at UR09. Estimated
removal percentages for total nitrogen are given in Table 8-2. Of the swale
drainage sites, only Dufief exhibited a positive removal (36.5 percent). The
only other site of any type exhibiting a positive removal was UR19 (Rockville
Center), which was estimated to remove 59.9 percent of the total nitrogen.
Phosphorus. The loading distributions for phosphorus forms are shown in Figures
8-22 through 8-24. As may be seen, the lowest loadings for any of the sites
monitored were produced by the Rockville Center porous paving catchment. At the
other sites, the figures show substantial fractions of the total phosphorus
loadings to be either in the ortho or soluble form. Reference to Table 8-2
shows that of all the sites monitored, only the Rockville Center porous paving
BMP exhibited a positive estimated phosphorus removal (88.1 percent). It should
be noted again at this point, however, that the negative values at other sites
may, to some extent, be artifacts of the comparison data sets chosen.
Metals. The loading distributions for flame AAS zinc and furnace AAS lead are
shown in Figures 8-25 and 8-26. The estimated removals of the two metals at
the volume control sites are shown in Figure 8-2. No estimates are given for
lead for those sites utilizing UR20 as a control, because of the paucity of
loading data available at that site. For zinc, all sites except Rockville
Center produced negative estimated efficiencies.
Only the Dufief site produced a positive efficiency estimate for lead remo-
val. The data from all other sites produced strongly negative efficiency esti-
mates. It should be again suggested that a further examination of the loading
data be undertaken using similar rainfall data sets for the treatment and
control sites.
8-36
-------
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Figure 8-22. Distributions of Ortho-Phosphorus Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-37
-------
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Figure 8-23. Distribution of Total Soluble Phosphorus
Loadings in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation
at Volume Control BMP's.
8-38
-------
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S1UKOS 51UR09 S1UP18 51UP20
51UW06 51U017 51UR19
Figure 8-24. Distribution of Total Phosphorus Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-39
-------
1
1
1
1
1
1
. 1500-01*
1
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STA
STA
S10H06
51UH1B 51UR80
51UPJ7 51UR19
Figure 8-25.
Distribution of Extractable Zinc Loadings
in lb/ acre-inch of precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-40
-------
. JOOU-01*
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.3500-01*
S 1
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H 1
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STA
STA
SlUWOb
51UR19
51UR30
Figure 8-26.
Distribution of Furnace AAS Lead Loadings
in Ib/acre-inch precipitation at Volume
Control BMP's.
8-41
-------
References
8-1 "Evaluation of Management Tools in the Occoquan Watershed," VA TECH
Department of Civil Engineering, Manassas, VA 22110.
8-42
-------
9. ATMOSPHERIC SOURCES
Introduction
The atmospheric source monitoring program consisted of three elements:
suspended participate sampling and analysis, dryfall sampling and analysis, and
wetfall sampling and analysis. The locations of the total suspended participate
sampling stations were fixed by an existing network. Eight stations were
distributed between Virginia, the District of Columbia and Maryland. The sta-
tion names and numbers were presented previously in Table 2-2. The dryfall and
wetfall sampling sites were located together in all cases because of the design
of the equipment employed. The wetfal1/dryfal1 sampling sites were installed
and operated by VA TECH staff. The total suspended particulate samples were
obtained by MWCOG staff and delivered to VA TECH.
The wetfall/dryfall and total suspended particulate data base is contained
in Appendix F. The locations and inclusive sampling dates for the atmospheric
source stations are shown in Table 9-1.
Total Suspended Particulate Monitoring
Samples were obtained from MWCOG staff, and consisted of 20x25 cm glass
fiber filter mats from high volume air samplers located at the locations in
Virginia, Maryland and the District of Columbia as shown in Table 9-1. The air
flow data for each sampler were transmitted with the filter mat, making it
possible to compute a 24-hour average air mass concentration in ug/m3. The
results of the filter mat analyses are shown in box plots in Figures 9-1 through
9-8 for total suspended particulates, nutrients, and heavy metals.
Particulates. No immediately apparent trends in atmospheric particulate load
are apparent from Figure 9-1. With the exception of Station HV03 (Hall,
9-1
-------
Table 9-1. Atmospheric Source Monitoring
STATION TYPE
STATION NAME
Total Suspended Particulate
10
ro
Wetfall/Dryfall
Catholic University, DC
Hadley Hospital, DC
Hall, MD
Rockville, MD
Laurel, MD
Arlington, VA
Fort Belvoir, VA
Massey Bldg., VA
Haines Point, DC
Burke Village Center
(Roof) (VA)
Burke Village Center
(Ground) (VA)
Stedwick, MD
STATION NO.
HV01
HV02
HV03
HV04
HV05
HV06
HV07
HV08
WF01
DF01
WF02
DF02
WF03
DF03
WF04
DF04
MONITORING PERIOD
5-16-80 through 12-18-81
5-16-80 through 12-18-81
5-16-80 through 10-13-81
5-16-80 through 5-16-81
5-16-80 through 10-13-81
5-16-80 through 01-17-82
5-16-80 through 01-14-82
5-16-80 through 01-14-82
12-20-80 through 01-02-82
02-10-81 through 12-30-81
03-22-81 through 12-23-81
06-11-81 through 12-16-81
NO. SAMPLES
20
18
17
9
17
21
22
22
39
52
39
49
30
38
17
29
-------
1 -V .
100.
S
C
H
E
rt
A
T
I
C 90.0
P
L
0
T
S
F
0 60.0
R
V
A
K
I
A
8
L 40.0
E
T
S
U
S
P
20.0
<
Q
0
)
*
t
0
»•-* +-»
+-+ i-+
t--f
t *t
*-* +-t
1
1 *-«
1 +
+ 1
1
t-+ 1 1
1 <-*
t
-
t t
*-+ 1 1 t-f
1 1 1
+ - +
1 1
*•-+ »+»
+-+ 1 1
!• f- +
+ « + »
t'*
I- +
1 (•-+ t-f t-t
1 1 t
1 *•-+ 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1
0
STA 51HU01 31HV03 51HV03 51HY07 31HV09
STA 31HV02 S1HV04 51HW04 31HV08
Figure 9-1. Distribution of Total Suspended
Particulates in Ambient Air Mass
as yg/m3.
9-3
-------
Maryland), the median values of total suspended particulates for the entire net-
work vary only about +10 percent, indicating remarkable air mass uniformity with
respect to particulate burden.
Phosphorus. The data shown in Figures 9-2 and 9-3 illustrate that, for the sta-
tions where ortho and total phosphorus analyses were performed, most of the
phosphorus was found to be in the non-ortho form. In general, the
orthophosphorus forms comprised only about 25 percent of the total. In looking
at inter-jurisdictional variations, it may be seen that the DC stations exhi-
bited the highest median concentrations, followed by Virginia, and Maryland.
The lowest median total P concentration was observed at the Rockville, Maryland
site, with a value of 0.02 pg/m . The highest median concentration, 0.045
ug/m3, was observed at the Hadley Hospital site in DC (HV02).
Nitrogen. TKN and oxidized nitrogen forms from Hi-Vol mat analyses are shown
in Figures 9-4 and 9-5, respectively. An interesting trend may be observed by
observing the nitrogen data on a jurisdictional basis. The highest oxidized
nitrogen concentrations (N02+N03) were observed at the Maryland sites.
Conversely, the lowest TKN values were observed at the same sites. The opposite
trends were observed at the Virginia and DC sites. No reason for this obser-
vation is immediately apparent, but the consistency in the data is undeniable.
Metals. Trace metals associated total suspended particulates are shown in box
and whisker plots in Figures 9-6, 9-7, and 9-8.
The lead data are shown in Figure 9-6. There are no apparent trends by
s
jurisdiction, but it does appear that the most suburban of the stations, HV03,
HV07, and HV08 (Hall, MD; Ft. Belvoir, VA; and Massey Building, VA) exhibited
the lowest air mass concentrations.
9-4
-------
t TVVW — V 1
.7500-01
S
c
H
E
M
A
T
I
C .6000-01
P
L
0
T
S
F
0 .4300-01
R
V
A
R
I
A
6
L .3000-01
E
0
P
.1SO&-01
rt 1
. U '
3TA
STA
.
*
0 <
t-t +-t 0 0
III III
1 1 +1 III
III 1 t-t 1
1 + 1 1 1 1
III 1 1
*-« «-* *-« +« *-+
Itl l+l
II II
1 1 »-t
II II
II II
S1HV01 51HW03 51HVOI 31HV07 31HW09
51HV02 51HV04 51HV06 S1HV08
Figure 9-3. Distribution of Ortho Phosphorus in
Ambient Air Mass as yg/m3.
9-5
-------
. /uwu-oi
.7300-01
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C .6000-01
p
L
0
T
5
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0 .4300-01
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V
A
R
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T
f-
. 1500-01
f
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+ -t
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1
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t+f
t
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1
1
t
1
Y +- +
1 1
1 1
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1 1
1 1
+ - +
i 1
t 1
*+*
1 1
1 1
+-+ +-+
^
+
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t
1
1
1
1
1
STA SlH'JOl 51HU03 51HV05 31HV07 31HVC9
STA 51HV02 51HV04 I1HV06 S1HVOB
Figure 9-2. Distribution of Ortho Phosphorus in
Ambient Air Mas as yg/m3.
9-6
-------
J • VV
2. 30
S
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C 3.00
P
L
0
T
S
F
a 1.30
R
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A
R
I
A
B
L 1.00
E
T
K
N
.500
• 0
STA
*
t
0 *
0
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0
*
*
0 «
*
+ - +
1
1 . *- +
f- +
+ f «
+ - +
+ -+ +
1 1 «• *- +
II 'I *- +
«-* +-t 1 1 «-* *l *t*
1 14-1 1
4-1 1 1 I-* «-«
4-+ 1 t-+ *-* 1 1 1
1 +-+ *-« II II »-*• 1
1 1 1 Itl II +-+ »-+
1 1 1 «-« III 1
1 »-+ 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 *•-+ 1 1 1
1 1 +- +
31HY01 S1HW03 51HW03 S1HW07 31HVO?
. .J
;IHVO:
51HV06
31HV08
Figure 9-4. Distribution of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
in Ambient Air Mass as yg/m3.
9-7
-------
1 -• . u 1
10.0
s
c
H
E
H
A
T
I
C 8.00
P
U
0
T
S
F
0 6.00
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L 4.00
E
N
0
2
3
2.00
0
•
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+ - +
1 1
*t«
t-+ 1 1
+-f 1 1 II
t- +
n
f
*-*
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1
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1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
ft. l + l
1 1
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1 1
1 1
1 1 *
+-t
*
1
0 *-+ 1
II 1 10
II II
+-t f-t 1 +-+ +-+ 1
1 1 *+* 1 *+* *t* t-+
«+l II II +-+ 1 1
*•-«• f-t t-+ 1 «+*
II 1 1 +-+
II II
STA S1HV01 51HV03 51HVOS 31HV07 51HV09
STA 31HV02 51HY04 I1HV06 51HV08
Figure 9-5. Distribution of Oxodized Nitrogen in
Ambient Air Mas as
9-8
-------
. OVU 1
.300
S
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C .400
F
L
0
T
S
F
0 .300
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L .200
E
E
P
B
.100
*
0
*
*- +
t- +
•
f
»-
+ - +
> t-
,
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I
+ -t
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f-+
1
+ 1
h 1-
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|
1
1
1 «-*
+ 1
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1
+-t +-+ 1 +-+
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1 +-+ 1
1 I
+ -t
0
1
STA S1HV01 51HU03 31HV03 51HV07 51HV09
STA 51HV02 51HV04 J1HV06 31HV08
Figure 9-6. Distribution of Extractable Lead in
Ambient Air Mass as yg/m3.
9-9
-------
• JVV
.250
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C .200
P
L
0
T
S
F
0 .130
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w
A
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>
11 +
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1 1 1
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STA SIHyOl 31HV03 S1HV03 51HW07 31HW09
STA S1HU02 51HW04 31HW06 51HV08
Figure 9-7. Distribution of Extractable Zinc in
Ambient Air Mass as
9-10
-------
.600
.100
s
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C .400
P
L
0
T
3
F
0 .300
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.100
(
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)
)
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1
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+ -+ +-4- 4-4
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4-4 1 1
141 411
*-* 4-4 1 1 1
1 1 141 -* .*-* 1
II 1 1 0 * II 4
1 1 *-« II II 4-4 tO*
4-4 4-4 4-4 *-* 4-4 4-4 1 1
1 1 1 1 141 1 «-«
1 «4* 4-4 1 1
4-4 1
STA 31HV01 31HY03 I1HV03 31HU07 31HVI09
STA 51HY02 51HV04 51HW06 3IHW08
Figure 9-8. Distribution of Extractable Copper in
Ambient Air Mass as yg/nr.
9-11
-------
The zinc data, shown in Figure 9-7, show an interesting jurisdictional
trend. The highest concentrations were observed at the Maryland stations, while
the DC and Virginia stations were generally lower.
Copper concentration distributions in the air mass particulates are shown in
Figure 9-8. The highest median concentration (1.9 yg/m ) was observed at the
Hadley Hospital site (HV02). Median concentrations at other sites in the net-
work ranged from 0.22 to 0.89 ug/m3.
Dryfall
Dryfall data were collected at the four locations cited in Table 9-1. Two
of the sites, DF02 and DF03 were located in the same catchment, but at different
elevations above the ground surface. This was done because of concerns that the
data collected at the ground surface would be biased by multiple sampling of
dryfall resuspended by vehicular movement and/or wind action. It was reasoned
that a collector placed at roof level would be less influenced by such resuspen-
sion than one at the ground surface. The problem with this approach is that it
runs the risk of discounting all dryfall originating at or near the ground sur-
face. The evaluation of data from the paired collectors must, therefore, be
somewhat subjective, but still should provide valuable insights into the accumu-
lation of dryfall pollutants.
Accumulation rates were computed as follows:
Ra = M
"ATT
where,
Ra = accumulation rate, M/L -t
M = mass in collector, M
A = collector area, L
At = exposure time, t
Because of the inability to measure the period of time the dryfall collector was
closed (e.g. during rain events) the accumulation rates have been calculated
9-12
-------
assuming exposure during the entire time period. This is not thought to intro-
duce a great deal of bias into the results because of the relative lengths of
the dry and wet periods in a given time interval. More simply, it may be seen
that most of a given period of time consists of dry conditions with relatively
short periods of intervening wetfall.
Figure 9-9 through 9-17 show the distributions of pollutant accumulation
rates for the course of the field monitoring period in 1980 and 1981.
Solids. As shown in Figure 9-9, dryfall solids accumulations were highest at
the Haines Point station in the District of Columbia (DF01), with a median value
of approximately 78 mg/m2/day. At the Burke Village Center stations (DF02,
DF03) it may be seen that the ground level collector produced a median solids
accumulation rate some 42 percent higher than the roof top collector. The accu-
mulation rates at the Stedwick site (DF04) were very similar to the rooftop
values at Burke Village Center.
Chemical Oxygen Demand. The COD data showed distribution trends very similar to
those for total solids. Figure 9-10 shows box plots of the accumulation rates
at the four stations.
Nitrogen. Distributions of ammonia, TKN, and oxidized nitrogen accumulation
rates are shown in Figures 9-11, 9-12, and 9-13, respectively. Examination of
the figures shows little difference between sites for ammonia accumulation. For
TKN, the highest accumulation rates were observed at the Haines Point Station
(DF01), and were probably associated with the elevated solids accumulations at
that site. The lowest rates were at the Stedwick Site (DF04). The rooftop site
at Burke Village Center (DF02) exhibited slightly lower accumulations than the
9-13
-------
130.
150.
S
C
H
E
11
A
T
I
C 121.
F
L
0
T
S
F
0 71.0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L 41.3
E
R
T
0
T
S
31.7
n A A
i. t V\t
STA
STA
0
0
*
0
1
0
« 0
0
0
f 1
*
i- — +
+
(•--- +
t +
•f
f + t
*
1
* + —
i + — +
1 1
1
1 +f--+
1 1 1
51DF01 31DF03
51DF02 31DF04
Figure 9-9. Dryfall Total Solids Distributions in
mg/m2-day.
9-14
-------
Y8 .U
30.0
s
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C 44.0
F
L
0
T
S
F
a 4S.o
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L 32.0
E
R
C
0
n
16.0
. 0 <
STA
STA
t ____ _ --T
* *
*
*
. 1
0
t
f
0
0
*-+-+
0
1
+---+
0
t — t +
4. — +
*
+
t — +
f — + 1 1
« — « 1 1 1
II 1 III
+ — + t — *
1 1 1
1 -f 4-
1
1
31HF01 510F03
51DFO: S10F04
Figure 9-10. Dryfall Chemical Oxygen Demand Distri
butions in mg/m^-day.
9-15
-------
_' . 4U
3.00
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C 1.60
P
L
0
T
S
F
0 1.20
R
V
A
R
I
A
8
L .000
E
R
N
H
3
.400
. 0
STA
STA
t -._.--.___--- _--- -T
1
*
*
*'
*
»
0 <
0
0 0
1
•i — + 1
1
+ 1
¥ + 0
•f + 1 t 1 1
1 + 1 « « 1
* « 1 1 I- + - +
1 1 * + 1 1
t + 1 « <
t + 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
51&F01 51DF03
SlUFO: 51DF04
Figure 9-11. Dryfall Ammonia Nitrogen Distributions
in mg/m2-day.
9-16
-------
:.40
s
c
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
2.00
1.60
1.20
.300
.400
•f +
t +
I I
I I
I «
I I
* +
I
I
I
I
.0
STA
51DF01
S1BF03
51CF04
Figure 9-12. Dryfall Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Distributions in mg/m^-day.
9-17
-------
J. 4U
2.00
S
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C 1.60
f
L
0
T
S
F
0 1.20
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L .800
E
R
N
0
2
3
.400
1
STA
STA
t T
*
* *
0
0
0
*
1
1 1 0
1 -f I 1
1 1 1 t — +
1 1 1
t — « 1
1 1 t — + *
t + 1 4- 1 -f
III 1
1 * * 1 « + +•
II II III
1 + + + + * «
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1
1 <
51DF01 S1DK03
I1DF02 I1DF04
Figure 9-13.
Dryfall Oxidized Nitrogen Distributions
in mg/m^-day.
9-18
-------
ground level site (DF03). This pattern is very similar to that exhibited by the
solids data in Figure 9-9. Oxidized forms of nitrogen exhibited a different
pattern, as shown in Figure 9-13. The Haines Point Site (DF01) showed the
highest rates, but there was very little difference between the roof and ground
level collectors at Burke Village Center. This is probably because the nitrate
and nitrite anions do not associate with dustfall solids to the degree of ammo-
nia and TKN.
Phosphorus. Distributions of ortho and total.phosphorus accumulation rates are
shown in Figures 9-14 and 9-15, respectively. For ortho phosphiate phosphorus,
little difference was observed between the median values at all four stations,
but a much wider range was observed in the data at Haines Point (DF01). The
total phosphorus data, by contrast, exhibit the same pattern as the dustfall
solids. The non-ortho forms of phosphorus associate closely with the solids in
the dustfall, and, therefore, this pattern is to be expected.
Metals. The lead and zinc accumulation data are shown in Figures 9-16 and 9-17.
As may be seen in Figure 9-16, no boxes were produced for the accumulation of
lead. This is because of the preponderance of values at or below the detection
limit. As a result, only the mean values were available for comparisons between
sites. The highest mean accumulation rate was observed at the Haines Point Site
(DF01). Little difference was observed between the three remaining sites.
Figure 9-17 shows the distribution of accumulation rates for zinc at the dryfall
sampling stations. A change of the trends observed for most other parameters
occurred in that the highest median zinc accumulation rate was observed at the
Burke Village Center ground level collector (DF03). The median rate at that
site was over 1.8 times higher than that at the associated roof top sampler.
This is probably due to the fact that the dryfall zinc originates from automo-
9-19
-------
.JOO
.250
S
C
H
E
M
A
T
I
C .200
F
L
0
T
S
F
0 .1.0
R
V
A
R
I
A
g
L .100
E
R
0
P
.3000-01
. 0
5TA
t- _____ ________________________________ — ___.__..--_--.,
*
*
*
*
*
•
*
*
0
t
*
•f
«
*• +
0
0 1 1
0 1 t
1 1 1
1 t — + + — t
+-+-* II II
* — * 1 1 « — * t — 1 '
+ + * « II II
31DF01 S1DF03
STA
31DF04
Figure 9-14. Dryfall Ortho-Phosphorus Distributions
in mg/nr-day.
9-20
-------
. jyo
.250
S
C
H
E
n
A
T
I
C .200
P
L
0
T
F
0 .ISO
R
V
A
R
I
A
L .100
E
R
T
F
.5000-01
* 0
4- +
1
f
t
*
0
+
0 1
0 + +
t — t «• — +
+ *
t +
* »
1
1 1 1
1 1 * +
1 1 1
1 1 1
STA 51DF01 51HF03
STA S10F02 51DF04
Figure 9-15. Dryfall Total Phosphorus Distributions
in mg/m2-day. '
9-21
-------
1 JO *
113.
S
c
H
E
M
A
T
I
C 90.7
F
L
0 .
T
S
F
0 68.0
R
V
A
R
I
A
L 43.3
E
R
e
p
B
12.7
Ct
1 V
STA
STA
* «
*
* *
*
*
t
* «
1
*
*
* •
'
t
51DF01 51DF03
SHiFO: I1DF04
Figure 9-16. Dryfall Extractable Lead Distributions
in
9-22
-------
310.
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
p
L
0
T
S
F
0
ft
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
173.
140.
103
70.0
« — *
R
E
Z
N
35.0
.0
STA
ST.".
t — +
1DF01
--0
31DF03
IDF 02
5 IDF 04
Figure 9-17. Dryfall Extractable Zinc in yg/m2-day.
9-23
-------
bile and truck tire wear, and, therefore, is principally present in the near-
surface collector. That the Haines Point (DF01) and Stedwick (DF04) sites
displayed lower accumulation rates can be explained by their relative isolation
from paired areas as compared to the Burke Village Center ground level site
(DF03). As noted before, the zinc accumulations are generally the result of
tire abrasion, and probably do not migrate far (vertically or horizontally) from
the point of detachment.
Wetfall
Wetfall data were collected at the same four stations discussed previously
in the dryfall section and described in Table 9-1. The roof and ground-level
stations at Burke Village Center were operated as for dryfall, but because of
the lack of near-ground sources of wetfall, it was not anticipated that vertical
variations in quality would be observed.
COD. The distribution of COD concentrations in wetfall at the four monitoring
sites is shown in Figure 9-18. As postulated above, there was little observed
difference in the distribution of data between stations WF02 and WF03, con-
firming the homogeneity of the precipitation falling at each site, with respect
to oxidizable organics. With the exception of the Haines Point site (WF01), all
the median wetfall COD data fell at or below 10 mg/L. the median value at the
Haines Point site was about 15 mg/L. The extremes in the distributions were
considerably above these values, but, in general, it can be concluded that
oxygen-demanding substances are not a problem in wetfall.
Nitrogen. Substantial concentrations of nitrogen were observed in wetfall at
all four monitoring stations, as shown in Figures 9-19 through 9-22. Median
ammonia concentrations were in the vicinity of 0.25 mg/L as N. In general,
ammonia represented about 50 percent of the TKN concentration. The total
9-24
-------
30.0
23.0
20.0
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
K
1
A
13.0
t +
10.0
3.00
.0
STA
STft
•f +
31UF01
31UF03
31UF04
Figure 9-18. Wetfall COD Distributions as mg/L,
9-25
-------
1 . UU
1 .50
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C 1.20
F
L
0
7
S
F
0 .700
R
V
R
I
A
B
L .600
£
M
H
3
. 300
. 0
STA
STA
t . -_- T
•
1
*
*
•
0
0 «
0
1
(• — + 1
t — t 1
f + + +•
1 1 1
f + * — *
— * 1 1
— * « — « + — +
1 1 1
f -f t + 1
— + 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1
51UF01 31UF03
51UF02 51UF04
Figure 9-19.
Wetfall Ammonia Nitrogen
Distributions as mg/L.
9-26
-------
l.SO
S
c
H
E
M
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
1 .20
. 900
,600
.300
.0
STA
Sift
0
0
+ — t
+
*—«
+ --- -f
1UF01
I1UF03
SlUFO:
S1UF04
Figure 9-20. Wetfall TKN distributions as mg/L.
9-27
-------
1.80
1.30
S
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C 1.20
P
L
0
T
S
F
0 .900
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L .400
E
_
N
0
:
3
.300
. ft j
t *
*
1
t
1
t
0 0
0
+ f
+ — + 1 1
1
1 t — + + — +
+ 1 If
— * 1 t 1
1 -+-«
1 — *
* *
1
t
1
1 + — t
f — * t — t + — f
1
1
STA
STA
1UF01
I1UF03
51UF02
51UF04
Figure 9-21. Wetfall Oxidized Nitrogen,
Distributions as mg/L.
9-28
-------
1.30
1.30
C
H
E
H
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
5
F
a
R
v
A
R
I
A
B
L
1.20
.900
*
t +
.600
.300
.0
5TA
3TA
31UF01
51UF03
S1UF02
51UF04
Figure 9-22. Wetfall Total N Distributions
as mg/L.
9-29
-------
nitrogen concentration was divided almost equally between TKN and oxidized
forms. Approximately three quarters of the wetfall nitrogen concentration could
then be taken to be inorganic. This has some interesting implications with
respect to nitrogen availability in runoff waters from the affected catchments.
It is, in fact, probable that substantial portions of the runoff nitrogen budget
for the watersheds investigated originated in wetfall. Although nitrogen mana-
gement does not appear to be generally required for receiving water protection
in the metropolitan Washington area, in areas where it is important, such wet-
fall inputs would be significant. Of most interest would be the high con-
centrations of oxidized nitrogen forms, which could be expected to remain in the
soluble phase in resulting runoff waters, and also to be generally the most
algal-available.
Phosphorus. The distributions of wetfall concentrations of ortho-P and total P
are shown in Figures 9-23 and 9-24, respectively. The plots show very low
median concentrations of ortho-phosphate phosphorus, with only the Stedwick
Station (WF04) median rising above zero (0.045 mg/L) at the resolution of the
plots. The total phosphorus concentration medians were in the range of 0.015 to
0.03 mg/L as P. From the standpoint of serving as a significant source of
algal-available phosphorus leaving the catchments as runoff, it would appear
that precipitation plays a minor role. As far as inter-station trends are con-
cerned, the highest concentrations were observed at the Haines Point Site (WF01)
and the lowest at the Stedwick Site (WF04). The intermediate concentrations
were observed at the Burke Village Center sites (WF02, WF03), where essentially
no difference was detected between the rooftop and ground level population
medians.
Metals. Figures 9-25 through 9-27 show wetfall concentration distributions for
9-30
-------
.600D-01+-
S
c
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
3
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
.3000-01
.4000-OH-
.300D-01
.2000-01
.100D-01
.0
3TA
3TM
•f +
f --- 1
31UF01
31UF03
t --- +
•f
+
4- 1
1
1
1
1
1
31UFO-I
Figure 9-23. Wetfall Ortho-Phosphate.
Phosphorus Distributions as mg/L,
9-31
-------
.6000-01+-
,5000-01+
.4000-01+
.3000-01
.2000-01+
.100D-01+
* --- +
t --- +
« *
t- --- +
+ +
1
I
I
I
• I
I
I
I
* *
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
+
.0
STA
STA
--0
31UF01
31UF03
1UF02
31WF04
Figure 9-24. Wetfall Distributions of Total
Phosphorus as mg/L.
9-32
-------
24.0
:o.o
16.0
12.0
8.00
4.00
* «
.0
3TA
STA
S1UF01
S1UF03
S1UF04
Figure 9-26. Wetfall Distributions of Lead
(pg/L) Using Graphite Furnace
AA Spectroscopy.
9-33
-------
24.0
20.0
S
C
H
£
H
A
T
I
C
P
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
V
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
16.0
12.0
a.oo
4.00
.0
STA
STA
-* »
51UF01
Figure 9-25.
• *—*—
SIUFO:
-*—* —
51UF03
-* 1
31UF04
Wetfall Distributions of Lead
(as yg/L) by Direct Aspiration
AA Spectroscope.
9-34
-------
240.
300.
s
C
H
E
H
A
T
I
C
F
L
0
r
3
F
0
R
160.
120.
30.0
40.0
.0
3TA
STA
'1UF01
51UF03
S1UF03
I1UF04
Figure 9-27. Wetfall Distributions (as yg/L)
of Zinc.
9-35
-------
lead (direct aspiration AA), lead (graphite furnace AA), and zinc, respectively.
As may be seen from the examination of Figure 9-25, the many lead values at
or below the detection limit of the instrument precluded the construction of box
plots, as the median values were all at zero at the detection limit of the
instrument. Means, however, ranged from 4 to 8 ug/L. Using the much lower
detection limit capabilities of the graphite furnace procedure, a limited number
of wetfall samples were analyzed for lead. These data distributions may be seen
in Figure 9-26. The highest median value recorded in this limited population
was 7.6 ug/L at the Haines Point Site (WF01). The other sites displayed very
low values, which were, in fact, sufficiently low to postulate that wetfall-
borne lead does not constitute a significant fraction of the total finding its
way into catchment drainage.
The distributions of zinc at each site are shown in Figure 9-27. As in
the case of the lead data, the zinc concentrations in wetfall were observed to
be quite low, with one dramatic exception. A large difference between the data
distributions for the roof-mounted (WF02) and ground-level (WF-03) collectors at
the Burke Village Center site may be observed. Site inspection lead to the
hypothesis that this difference was probably due to the spatter of low-pH rain
waters on the galvanized coated fence surrounding the collector.
Hydrogen Ion Activity. Upon the return of the wetfall collector vessels to the
laboratory, pH measurements were routinely made on the bulk samples. The data
distributions that resulted are shown in Figure 9-28. The most immediately
striking feature of the Figure is the general uniformity of the distributions.
All exhibited median pH values very close to 4.0. At sea level, carbon dioxide
equilibria would make a pH of about 5.5 possible in distilled water. It
follows, then, that any values below that figure must necessarily be due to the
9-36
-------
6.00
S
C
H
E
A
T
I
C
F
L
0
T
S
F
0
R
v
A
R
I
A
B
L
E
3.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0
I
I
I
t +
I I
I I
*
0
I
4. +
I I
«- + -*
<• +
I
I
I
I
I
I
+ +
*-«•-*
I I
I
I
0
I
+ — +
*-+-*
+ —+
STA
STA
S1UF01
1UF03
31UF02
31UF04
Figure 9-28. Wetfall pH Distributions,
Standard Units.
9-37
-------
presence of an acid other than the equilibrium concentration of carbonic acid.
It should be noted that the depression of pH from 5.5 to 4.0 involves more than
a ten-fold increase in hydrogen ion concentration. A stoichiometric analysis of
the nitrate data shows the range of concentrations present in the wetfall to be
sufficient to account for the pH values observed if it were all associated with
nitric acid (See Figure 9-21). It is likely, however, that mineral acidity from
other sources is also present. There are no additional anion analyses to sup-
port this supposition, but the acid rain data reported in the literature for the
east coast report generally high concentrations of sulfate.
The low rainfall pH measurements have many implications, not all of which
are related to water quality. A major water quality concern, however, is the
mobilization of cations in catchment soils and paving materials that would,
under more neutral conditions, be fixed.
9-38
-------
10. TRACE METALS IN SOILS OF BMP SITES
Study Sites
Six study sites were located in a four-county area surrounding Washington,
D.C. (Figure 10-1). The sub-study described herein utilized three Best
Management Practice (BMP) sites (UR09, UR06, and UR10-UR11) that were being
monitored in the MWCOG NURP. Another study sites, UR13-UR14, was to have been
included in the NURP monitoring network, however installation of adequate
instrumentation was not possible. The two additional study sites, KMart and Rt.
234 were included in the present study because they were representative of land
uses that receive large loadings of trace metals, they had been in use a relati-
vely long period of time, and they could be sampled without expensive equipment.
Other NURP sites did not have one or more of these characteristics.
The study sites were evenly divided between grassed swale drains and deten-
tion basins. Fairidge (UR09), Stratton Woods (UR06), and Rt. 234 were the swale
drain sites. Stedwick (UR10-UR11) Bulk Mail (UR13-UR14), and KMart were the
detention basin sites.
The soils and geology of the study sites were typical of many Piedmont and
Coastal Plains locations in the Washington, D.C. area. Five of the sites were
located in the Piedmont Geologic Province; the Triassic Basin, drainageway, and
upland landscapes positions were represented. Only the Bulk Mail site was
located on a Coastal Plain land surface. Table 10-1 provides a summary of the
soils present at the time of construction at each site. However, it is impor-
tant to remember that construction activities have drastically altered the soil
profiles. In ssome situations, the solum may have been almost completely
removed leaving only the substratum.
Different phases of the present research utilized various combinations of
10-1
-------
MARYLAND
PRINCE GEORGES
CO.
Fig. 10-1 Location of study sites in the Washington, D.C. area.
10-2
-------
Table 10-1.
Sunniary of study site sot Is.
O
i
Site
Fa(ridge
Stratton Moods
Rt. 234
Stcdwick
Bulk Mail
KMart
Nature of Area
Summarized
Primary Soil
Series Present
Soil Family*
entire development Glenelg**
Manor
entire development Iredell**
Penn1
Elbert
highway vicinity Penn S
Clbert
Croton
Readington
Blrdsboro
detention basin Manor**
detention basin Collington*
detention basin Elbert
Fine-loamy, nixed, mesic
Typic Hapludults
same as above
Fine, montmorlllonitlc, thermic
Typic llapludalfs
Fine-loamy, mixed. Dies I c
I!)tic llapludalfs
same as above
same as above
U II •
Flne-silty, mixed, mesic
Typic Fraytagualfs
Fine-loamy, mixed, mesic
Typic Fragiudalfs
Fine-loamy, mixed, mesic
Typic Hapludults
Course-loamy, micaceous, thermic
Typic Oystrochrepts
Fine-loamy, mixed, mesic
Typic Hapludults
Fine, montmorlllonlttc. mesic
Typic Ochraguaffs
•from refer*
"reference
*reference
^reference
Ireference
>nce (99) unless otherwise noted.
18|.
33).
120).
79).
-------
soil samples from the site sites (Table 10-2). An initial investigation of site
characteristics and metal accumulation and variability in surface soils was con-
ducted at each site. Based on site characteristics, land use, background data,
and trace metal accumulation, four sites were selected for further study, Bulk
Mail, Stedwick, Fairidge, and Stratton Woods. As can be seen, the NURP sites
were favored. For these sites, depth samples were taken to assess downward
migration of metals in the soil profiles, and the amounts of Teachable (soluble
plus exchangeable) trace metals in the surface soils were determined. The Bulk
Mail and Fairidge surface soil samples were selected for use in adsorption
isotherm experiments.
Fairidge. The Fairidge site is a subdevelopment in the Montgomery Village
planned community near Gaithersburg, Maryland. Table 10-3 summarizes some of
the important characteristics of Fairidge and other swale drain sites. The
streets of this residential area do not have curbs or gutters. Instead, runoff
from the edge of the street flows into grassed swales, which are a continuous
part of residential lawns. The swales are 10 to 20 m long, with the center of
the swale approximately 3m from the edge of the street. The swales are usually
separated by driveways to homes. Galvanized steel culverts allow runoff in one
swale drain to flow under driveways to the next lower swale. Storm sewer inlets
are located in periodic swales to prevent excessive waterflow and subsequent
erosion in the swales.
The Fairidge subdevelopment was built on soils of the Glenelg Series (10-1).
These soils are characterized by loam to silt loam texture surface soils, with
subsoil textures ranging from silt loam to silty clay loam. The total solum
depth is from 45 to 76 cm. The substratum is derived from micacious loamy
saprolite; depth to hard rock is 1 to 3 m or more (10-2).
10-4
-------
Table 10-2. Summary of sites from which soil samples were used
during various research phases.
o
I
en
RESEARCH PHASE
Site
Stedwlck
(basin)
Bulk Mall
(basin)
KMart
(basin)
Fairidge
(swale)
Stratton
(swale)
Rt. 234
(swale)
metal accumul .
& variability In
surface soils
X
X
X
X
Woods X
X
downward
metal
movement
X
X
X
X
leachablllty BMP sorptlve
of surface capacity
soil metals effects
X
X X
X X
X
soil property/
metal sorptlon
correlation
X
X
-------
Table 10-3. Age and land use characteristics of urban stormwater
swale drains examined during study.
SITE
Fa 1 ridge
Stratton
Woods
Rt. 234
COMPLETION YEARS(S) TRAFFIC FLOW
1972 - 1976* 100**
vehicle trips/day
/ha
1976 - 1978* 46**
vehicle trips/day
/ha
1971"*"* 29,000*
vehicles/12 hrs.
WATERSHED LAND USE
Medium density single family
dwellings. 1.2 - 2.0 dwelling
units per ha
Large lot single family
dwellings. 1.2 dwelling
units per hectare
Four lane, divided highway
in commercial area
*based on conversations with residents.
**national average for given land use, reference (177).
^reference (18).
++reference (197).
#1980 av. traffic count, reference (197).
-------
Stratton Woods. This large lot single family subdevelopment near Reston,
Virginia has a design similar to the Fairidge site. One major difference is the
presence of a 2 to 3 m graveled shoulder between the road and the swale drain.
As a result, the center of the swale is 3 to 4 m from the edge of the road. The
swales vary in length from 10 to 30 m. Zinc culverts allow runoff to pass
beneath driveways from one swale to the next. Periodic storm sewer inlets
remove excessive runoff from the swales.
Soil from several series were present when the Stratton Woods project was
initiated (10-1). All have fine textured soils and allow only slow downward
percolation of water through soil profiles. The Elbert Series has silt loam or
silty clay loam surface soils with clay subsoils; solum depth is 76 to 127 cm.
With a total depth to hard rock of 0.9 to 2.4 m, the Elbert substratum is com-
posed of weathered materials derived from basic rocks such as basalt. Penn
soils have silt loam surface soils with B horizons of silt loam to clayey silt
loam. Total solum dpeth is usually less than 86 cm and total depth to bedrock
is usually less than 1 m. Substratum was derived from shale, sandstone, and
siltstone. The Iredell series typically has silt loam to clay loam surface
soils and plastic clay subsoils; total solum depth is 511 to 91 cm. Extending
to a depth of no more than 1.8 m, the substratum derived is from diabase,
basalt, and other basic rocks (10-2).
Route 234. The U. S. Route 234 study site is a 1600 m long section of median
for a four-land highway through an intensively developed commercial area of
Prince William County, Virginia. With many shopping centers, stores, and fast
food resturants, this segment of highway is a classic example of American strip
development. The site was selected because of its very large traffic volumes
and the relatively long period of time that the swales have been receiving
runoff.
10-7
-------
The highway median has two sets of swale drains, one on the inside of the
southbound lane and one on the inside of the northbound lane. The middle of the
swales are 4 to 5 m from the edge of the highway. As with the other swale drain
sites, stormsewer inlets are located at periodic intervals to remove excessive
runoff and reduce erosion. The drains are only partly effective; a significant
percentage of the grassed swales have been gullied due to erosion.
Some of the most abundant soils that occur along this segment of Rt. 234 are
classified in the Penn, Elbert, and Croton Series (10-3). The Penn and Elbert
Series have already been discussed. The Croton Series soils are derived from
Triassic aged shale or siltstone. Surface and subsoil textures range from silt
loam to clay loam; sol urn depth is 51 to 102 cm and the total depth to bedrock is
less than 1.5 m (10-2). Other soils common to the area include the fine tex-
tured soils of the Readington and Birbsboro Series (10-3).
Stedwick. Located in Montgomery Village, not far from the Fairidge site, the
Stedwick subdevelopment detention basin had a 13.9 ha watershed with a mixture
of townhouse, school, street, and powerline right-of-way land uses (Table 10-4).
The basin was created by construction of a dam in a natural drainage.
Surrounded by a chain-link fence, the dry pond has a main concrete channel to
prevent erosion. In 1980, the outlet of the basin was changed from a narrow
pipe through the base of the dam to a perforated riser pipe that allowed longer
detention times of runoff and a greater opportunity for infiltration of water
into the soil. The basin was built in a landscape position occupied by soil of
the Manor Series (10-1). Characteristics of this series have already been
discussed.
Bulk Mail. The study sites was one of several detention basins that control
runoff from the U. S. Postal Service Bulk Mail Center near Capitol Heights,
10-8
-------
Maryland. The watershed of the study basin was dominated by parking lots and
roads of the complex (Table 10-4). These impervious surfaces are very heavily
traveled by large tractor trailers. The dry pond was formed by construction of
a dam in a natural drainage. In addition, excavation of the site created a
flat-bottomed, steep-sided structure. The original outlet, a narrow pipe
through the dam, was replaced by a riser in 1980 to increase the detention time
of the stormwater runoff in the basin. Fenced in by chain-link fence, the
detention basin is overgrown with either vegetation species typical of the
pioneer stages of old field successsion or emergent vegetation species. Even
during extended period of dry weather, the marshy areas tend to still have some
standing water.
The original soil at the site was a member of the Collington Series (10-4).
This series has surface soils that tend to have silt loam to sandy loam textures
with sandy clay loam, loam, or clay loam subsoils (10-5). The solum is less
than 81 cm thick, and the parent material consists of very deep marine sediments
containing moderate amounts of glauconite.
For most of the study sites the surface soils surrounding the BMP structures
seemed to be very similar to those in the structure, but the surface soils
around the Bulk Mail site were significantly different than the basin soils.
The soils outside the basin were a combination of natural soils profiles on two
sides of the dry pond and soil disturbed by construction on the other two sides
surrounded by the basin. The original A horizon of the the soil in the basin
had been completely removed. A new organic matter-rich surface soil was forming
in the marsh areas of the basin. The mineral soil closest to the surface was a
heavy clay loam from the original argillic horizon of the original soil profile.
Below the clayey layer was a region of sandy sediments with a much lower clay
content.
10-9
-------
KMart. Located near the intersection of Interstate 66 and U. S. Route 234, west
of Manassas, Virginia the detention basin receives runoff primarily from the
parking lot of a KMart shoping center (Table 10-4). Built in 1974, the small
dry pond was constructed by excavating a pit-like structure in a relatively flat
area of fill-dirt. The basin is approximately three meters deep, in some places
down to bedrock. As a result there is little opportunity for infiltration and
movement downward of water through soil or regolith. However, when ponding of
water occurs in the basin, some water may move laterally through the soil of the
steep side slopes of the structure. The outlet is a horizontal pipe at the bot-
tom of the basin. Prior to construction, the soil of the site was mapped as a
member of the Elbert Series (10-3). The basin floor is swampy with some
emergent vegetation as well as various terrestrial shrub, grass, and tree
species.
Sampling And Sample Selection
Surface Soils. The same basic technique was used to collect all of the surface
soil samples. A 2.54 cm diameter soil tube was utilized to remove five to ten
cores from the top 5 cm of mineral soils at each sampling area. The cores were
composited and stored in 500 ml polyethylene bags.
Before the actual soil sampling could be conducted, a sampling design had to
be established for each study site. Every site had enough unique charac-
teristics to make a uniform sampling layout impossible. As a result, each site
had a sampling layout that was at least a little different than every other
site. The surface sampling was conducted during the months of October and
November, 1980.
Grassed Swale. The first procedure used to establish a sampling layout was to
map the area, as shown for the Fairidge site in Figure 10-2. Once mapped, 20 of
10-10
-------
Table 10-4 Age and ^and use characteristics of urban stormwater
detention basins examined during study.
o
I
SITE COMPLETION YEAR
Stedwlck 1973**
(194)*
WATERSHED AREA WATERSHED LAND USE
13.9 ha Townhouse 9.0 ha (65%)
, Jr. High School 0.8 ha (6%)
Powerllne right of way 2.8 ha
(20%)
Paved road 1.3 ha (9%)
Bulk Mall 1973
(195)
KMart 1974
(196)
9.1 ha Parking lot and roads 3.2 ha
(36%)
Building roof 1.8 ha (20%)
Grassed area 2.2 ha (24%)
Uooded area 1.8 ha (20%)
4.6 ha Parking lot 4.2 ha (81%)
Grassed area 0.4 ha (9%)
^Number 1n parentheses refers to source of Information for each site.
**Reference (197).
-------
22
49
N
/
LEGEND
paved street
swale drain
swale drain
sampled (surface)
A depth sample
Lot. = 39° IO1 58" N
Long. = 77° 12' 6" W
25m
SCALE
MEADOWCROFT CT.
5) (e} _Z a
•~Hg)
Figure 10-2.
Sampling layout for Fairidge subdivision grassed swale
site.
10-12
-------
the total 50 swales at the Fairidge site were randomly selected to be sampled.
The expected pattern of trace metal, especially Pb and Zn, distribution in
soil was a decrease in concentration as the distance away from the road
increased. If trace metals had accumulated significantly in the soil of the
swales, then the normal pattern of metal distribution should have been altered.
If the concentration of metals in the swale soils was greater than or equal to
the metal concentration of soils closer to the street, then a strong case could
be made for accumulation of trace metals in swale soils due to stormwater BMP
usage.
Therefore, three sampling zones parallel to the street were established at
the swales that had been selected to be sampled (Figure 10-3). One zone was
located between the edge of the street and the swale (street zone), approxima-
tely 0.5 to 2 m from the edge of the street. Another sampling zone was a
straight line down the center of the swale (swale zone), approximately 3 m from
the edge of the street. Finally, a sampling zone was located on the far side of
the swale from the street (yard zone), 4 to 5 m from the edge of the street. In
each zone, a minimum of ten cores were collected along the length of the zone
(the length of the swale) and composited (Figure 10-4).
The sampling logic and implementation for the Stratton Woods site was very
similar to that of Fairidge. The site was mapped and 20 swales randomly
selected (Figure 10-5). Three sampling zones were established at each swale.
However, there was a 2 to 3 m graveled shoulder at the site that forced the
sampling zones to be located further from the edge of the paved surface than the
Fairidge site. The road zone was 2 to 3 m from the paved surface, the swale
zone 3 to 4 m, and the yard zone 4 to 5 m.
The findings from the sampling procedures described above indicated an accu-
mulation of Zn in the swales of the Fairidge and Stratton Woods sites. To
10-13
-------
SAMPLES
SAMPLES
ROAO
SWALE
Figure 10-3. Cross-section of residential swale study sites (not
drawn to scale).
10-14
-------
.5-2m 3m 4-5m
LEGEND
sampling zone
necr street
main pert of
grassed swale
sampling zone
furthest from
street
O sampling point
Figure 10-4.Overhead view of sampling scheme for an individual swale
at the Fairidge site.
10-15
-------
N
paved street
swale drain
swale drain
sampled (surface)
A depth sample
Lat. = 38" 56' 18" N
Long.= 77° 22' 51" W
SOm
SCALE
Figure 10-5. Sampling layout for Stratton Woods subdivision grassed
swale site.
10-16
-------
determine if the elevated zinc levels in the swale soils could be attributed to
urban runoff or to the zinc coating of the culverts connecting the swales, an
additional set of surface soils samples were collected at the Fairidge and
Stratton Woods sites. For each site, four swales were selected with soils that
had significantly greater Zn concentration than the surrounding soil. For these
swales, at distances of 1, 5, 9, and 13 m downstream from the culverts, 5 to 6
soil cores were collected within a 30 cm diameter circlue in the center of the
swale and composited. If galvanized culverts were the source of zinc in the
swale soils, then the soil-zinc concentrations should decrease with distance
away from the culverts.
For the Route 234 study site, the 1600 m median strip was divided into 15
equal segments (Figure 10-6). Within each segment, a 60 m long section of swale
was located that had not been recently disturbed by the construction of exits or
turn-arounds. Also, lengths of swale that were seriously eroded were avoided.
For each of the 15 segments, the swale on one side of the median was
sampled, but not both sides. The number of swales sampled on the north side of
the median was approximately equal to the number of swales on the south side.
Much like the other two swale study sites, three sampling zones were
established (Figure 10-7). The road zone was 1 to 4 m from the edge of the
highway; the swale zone was in the center of the swale 4 to 5 m from the edge of
the highway; and the median zone was 5 to 8 m from the highway. In each zone,
ten soils cores were collected and composited.
Detention Basins. The main concept behind the detention basin sampling designs
was to compare soils around the basin that had not been exposed to urban runoff
(control soils), with those soils in the detention basins that had been used to
control urban runoff (basin soils). To minimize differences in parent material
and soil properties between the control soils and basin soils, the control
10-17
-------
38° 46' 58" N
77° 31' I4"W
single lane
paved road
38° 46' OI"N
77° 29' 57" W
^y
#•
Figure 10-6. Sampling layout for Route 234 grassed swale site.
10-18
-------
NORTH SIDE
SOUTH SIDE
ADO
D A
HIGHWAY
i
A
HIGHWAY
SWALE
SWALE
Figure 10-7. Cross-section of Route 234 grassed swale site (not
drawn to scale).
10-19
-------
sample areas were located as close as possible to the basin, without being
influenced by urban runoff.
At the Stedwick site, the fence surrounding the basin and the channel in the
basin were the reference points for the sampling layout (Figure 10-8). For the
control samples, 9 m by 10 to 35 m blocks were established outside the fence and
above the level of the riser pipe. Within each block, ten cores were collected
at random and composited (Figure 10-9). The basin samples were collected at
sample points. Ten cores were collected within a 2 m diameter circle and com-
posited. The sample points were spaced every 5.5 m along the channel and a 1,
5, and 9 m spacings on either side of the channel.
The control samples for the Bulk Mail site were collected in a similar
manner to the Stedwick site. Soils cores were gathered and composited within 6
m by 12 m blocks that were outside the fence and above the level of the dam
(Figure 10-10). Uithin the basin, sample points were located every 6 m on four
north-south transects that were 12 m apart. At each sample point five to ten
cores were taken and composited. Some of the basin samples were very difficult
to collect due to very wet, marshy conditions.
The sampling design for the KMart site was unique among the detention basin
sites. For the control samples, rather than sampling within blocks, sample
points were used a 5 m spacings around the outside of the basin (Figure 10-11).
Since some movement of runoff through the sideslope of the basin was expected,
sample points were located every 5 m around the basin on the sideslopes within 1
m of the basin floor. The basin floor sample points had 5 m by 3 m spacings.
Depth Sampling. Unless otherwise noted, a 7.6 cm bucket auger was used to
collect soil samples at the following depth intervals, 0 to 5 cm, 5 to 15 cm, 15
to 30 cm, and 30 to 60 cm. The soil from each depth interval was removed from
the auger and stored in polyethylene bags. The depth sampling was conducted
10-20
-------
LEGEND
sampling pt.
in basin (surface)
sampling area
outside basin (surface)
active area of
detention basin
depth sample
L0f. * 39° 10' 9" N
Long. = 77° 12' 41" W
Figure 10-8. Sampling layout for Stedwick detention basin site (see
also Figure 15a).
10-21
-------
depth sample
Figure 10-9;. Enlargement of the lower portion of the Stedwick
detention basin to show location of depth samples.
10-22
-------
N
sampling pt.
in basin (surface)
sampling area
outside basin (surface)
emergent veg.
steep sides of
detention basin
depth sample
SCALE
Lor. = 38" 52' 49" N
Long.» 76° 50' 55" W
Figure 10-10. Sampling layout for Bulk Mail detention basin site.
10-23
-------
LEGEND
steep side
slopes of basin
Q sample pf. in
basin bottom
r-j sample pt.
LJ on side slopes
A sample pf.
^* outside basin
Lot. * 38° 47- 08" N
77° 31' 08" W
Figure 10-11. Sampling layout for KMart detention basin site.
10-24
-------
during the months of March, April, and May, 1981.
As previously mentioned, depth samples were taken at the Bulk Mail,
Stedwick, Fairidge, and Stratton Woods sites. At each site, the results of the
surface sampling experiment were used to identify either typical control
sampling locations or BMP locations that had elevated trace metal
concentrations.
Five swales were selected for sampling at each of the swale drain sites. At
a random point along the length of the swale a series of three depth samples
were taken. For the Fairidge swales, the samples were located at 1, 3, and 5 m
from the edge of the street, the 3 m sample was in the center of the swale. The
Stratton Woods samples were taken at 3 to 3.5 m, 4 to 5 m, and 7 to 8 m from the
road; the 4 to 5 m sample was in the center of the swale.
Because the samples were collected in residential lawns, special precautions
had to be taken to not disturb the site. For each sample taken, the grass sod
was removed with a tilling spade. The sample was taken with a bucket auger and
the hole filled in with soils that had been transported from off the site.
Finally, the sod was replaced and tamped in place.
At each detention basin site, five depth samples were taken in the area
surrounding the basins. At the Stedwick site, the in-basin depth samples were
routinely collected in areas shown to have elevated soil trace metal con-
centrations. However, the procedure to sample the in-basin soils at the Bulk
Mail site was more difficult. The use of a bucket auger was impossible due to
contamination of the soil samples as they were being pulled up through the muck
of the waterlogged soils of the basin. Naturally, these were the locations with
the greatest trace metal concentrations. As a result, at four points, a 120 cm
length of 5.1 cm inside diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe was driven in the
soil to a depth of 60 cm with a block of wood and a sledge hammer. The open end
10-25
-------
of the pipe was then sealed with a rubber stopper, and the soil was dug away
from the pipe with a shovel. After approximately two thirds of the buried pipe
had been exposed, the pipe could be pulled out of the soil with the soil core
intact in the PVC pipe. Finally, the pipes were frozen and then cut off at the
appropriate lengths with a band saw.
Laboratory Methods
Total Enriched Trace Metals. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd were
determined in all of the surface soil samples and depth samples with a modifica-
tion of a technique described by Agemian and Chau (10-6). The metals determined
by direct aspiration using a Model 703, Perkin-Elmer (Norwalk, Conn.) Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer. Quality control measures included a series of
blanks, replications, and spikes.
Soil Property Determinations. The Virginia Tech Department of Agronomy Soil
Testing and Plant Analysis Laboratory performed routine soil chemistry analyses
for all of the depth samples (10-7). The properties measured included pH, orga-
nic matter, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium. The organic matter
method used a sodium dichromate-sulfuric acid digestion followed by a colori-
metric measurement. pH was determined by a potentiometric measurement of one to
one soil-water suspention. Soil P, Ca, Mg, and K were exracted with a dilute
double acid solution, 0.05 _N_ HC1 in 0.025 _N_ HgSO/j. P was determined by an ammo-
nium molybdate colormetric method; K was determined by emission spectroscopy,
while Ca and Mg were determined by atomic absorption.
The cation exchange capacity was determined with a method that was a slight
modification of a technique commonly used in the Virginia Tech Department of
Agronomy (10-8).
Free oxides of Fe, Al, and Mn were measured by a procedure refined by Miller
(10-9).
10-26
-------
Results-Surface Soils
The purpose of the surface soil investigation was to detrmine if trace
metals had accumulated in the surface soils of urban runoff control structures.
To this end, the surface soil trace metal concentrations from the various
sampling zones of the study sites were compared to identify any metal
accumulations.
If trace metal accumulations could be documented in surface soils of BMP
structures, this would serve as presumptive evidence that there is significant
interaction between the soil surface and the trace metals transported by storm-
water runoff. In addition, trace metal accumulations would imply that partial
treatement of stormwater runoff can be accomplished by overland flow and/or soil
percolation. To obtain as much separation of the probable treatment mechanisms
as possible, the results for the swale drain sites are presented separately from
the results of the detention basin sites.
Grassed Swales. The trace metal distributions of the grassed swale sites, as
determined by this investigation are presented in Figures 10-13 through 10-24.
Figure 10-12 explains the symbols and terms used in these figures. A common
factor among these graphs is the variation of trace metal concentrations from
swale to swale. In fact, the same swale may not have had large concentrations
of all of the study metals. Topography, traffic patterns, and length of swale
are but a few of the possible explanations of this phenonmenon. This variation,
however, is not especially important. The important comparison is of the metal
concentrations for the three sampling zones at each swale (i.e., the road zone,
the swale zone, and the yard zone).
Examination of the figures reveals that there were dramatic accumulations of
Zn in the surface soils of the swales at both the Fairidge and Stedwick study
10-27
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Figure 10-16. Comparison of surface soil 0.5 N HC1 extractable Pb concentrations of three
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Figure 10-21. Comparison of surface soil 0.5 f[ HC1 extractable Cd concentrations of three
sample zones, Route 234 swale site (See also Figure 13).
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Figure 10-23. Comparison of surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu concentrations of three
sample zones, Route 234 swale site (See also Figure 13).
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Figure 10-24. Comparison of surface soil 0.5 N HC1 extractable Pb concentrations of three
sample zones, Route 234 swale site (See also Figure 13).
-------
sites (Figures 10-14 and 10-18). Beyond this observation, no other clear trends
are visually apparent. The statistical analyses, however, allowed a closer exa-
mination of the data.
For all of the study trace metals, the results of the Friedman Rank Sums
Tests provide very strong evidence that there were differences among the
sampling zones at each of the study sites (Table 10-5). To evaluate if the
trace metals had accumulated in the swale zone soils, control-treatment com-
parisons, based on Firedman Rank Sums were employed. The road zone was used as
the control, with which the swale zone and yard zone metal concentrations were
compared. If the swale zone metal concentrations were greater than the road
zone metal concentrations, then a case would be made for enrichment in the swale
zone soil. Control-treatment comparisons, rather than all treatment com-
parisons, were used because smaller differences can be more readily detected due
to fewer total comparisons. A summary of the comparisons is given in Table
10-6.
It was found that both Cd and Zn concentrations were greater in the swale
zone than in the road zone at the Fairidge Subdivision site. For the Stratton
Woods site, only Zn was found to be significantly greater in the swale zone
soil. The comparisons indicate that for the Rt. 234 site, Cd, Zn, and Cu were
not very likely to have different concentrations in the swale zone soil than in
the road zone. The comparison results also strongly indicated that the road
zone Pb concentrations were greater than the swale zone concentrations. In
addition, for all metals, at each of the sites, the test results strongly showed
that the road zone soil trace metal concentrations were greater than the yard
zone trace metal concentrations.
Patterns at Swale Sites. The total enriched Cd levels were much lower than any
10-41
-------
Table 10-5. Results of Friedman Rank Sums analyses of differences
among trace metal concentrations of surface soil from
three sample zones at grassed swale study sites.
Friedman Rank Level of*
Site/Trace Metal Sums Statistic Significance
Fairidge Subdivision
Swale Site, n - 20
Cd 16.0 < 0.001
Zn 32.4 < .001
Cu 25.6 < .001
Pb 34.9 < .001
Stratton Woods Subdivision
Swale Site, n = 17
Cd 13.7 .0015
Zn 22.8 < .001
Cu 24.4 < .001
Pb 23.4 < .001
Rt.
234, n = 15
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
23.3
22.5
20.1
24.1
< .001
< .001
< .001
< .001
"Chi square distribution large sample approximation.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): metal concentrations of sampling zones,
yard, swale, and road, are not equal.
10-42
-------
Table 10-5. Comparison of trace metal concentrations in surface
soil from swale zone and yard zone to concentration
in road zone of the swale study sites; based on
Friedman Rank Sums.
swale yard
direction of*P57 direction of
Site/Trace Metal difference difference
Fairidge Subdivision
Swale Site
Cu + .0371 - .0072
Zn + .0042 - .0002
Cu 0 < .00001
Pb - .00198 - < .00001
Stratton Woods
Subdivision Swale
Site
Cd + .3410 - .0052
Zn + .0446 - .0026
Cu - .0002 - < .00001
Pb - .0058 - < .00001
Rt 234 Swale Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
+ .2872
+ .5922
+ .3570
.0327
< .00001
< .00001
.00001
< .00001
* + = metal cone, swale zone > metal cone, road zone
0 = equal rank sums
- = metal cone, swale zone < metal cone, road zone.
**level of significance.
10-43
-------
other of the study metals. The Stratton Woods site had the lowest Cd con-
centrations and the Rt. 234 site had the highest (Figures 10-13, 10-17, and
10-21). With the exception of one observation, all data points were less than
1.2 ppm. The enrichment of Cd in the swales of the Fairidge site is evident in
Figure 10-13. The difference between the 0.5 N^ HC1 extractable Cd of the swale
zone soil, and soil of the surrounding zones was no more than approximately 0.2
ppm.
Whereas the swale zone soil of the Fairidge site had slightly elevated Cd
levels, the Zn concentrations of both residential sites were much greater in the
swales than surrounding areas (Figures 10-14 and 10-18). Differences between
swale and adjoining zones were as much as several hundred ppm. The Zn enrich-
ment in the Fairidge swales was greater than that of Stratton Woods swales. The
maximum concentration observed at the Fairidge site was more than 350 ppm; the
maximum Zn concentration for Stratton Woods was less than half of the Fairidge
observed maximum. The soil Zn concentrations in the sampling zones of the Rt.
234 site were in the same range as those of the Stratton Woods site (Figures
10-18 and 10-22).
At each of the study sites, Cu was the third most abundant of the study
metals. The Cu concentrations were smallest at the Fairidge site, and greatest
at the Rt. 234 (Figures 10-15 and 10-23). The typical roadside pattern of
decreased trace metal concentrations with increased distance from the road was
evident at the Stratton Woods site (Figure 10-19).
The same pattern of decreased concentrations with distance form the road was
observed for Pb at each of the study sites (Figures 10-16, 10-20, and 10-24).
However, the Rt. 234 site had the largest Pb concentrations and the strongest
pattern (Figure 10-24). The Pb levels at the Fairidge site were generally
greater than the Stratton Woods site (Figures 10-16 and 10-20). At both of these
10-44
-------
residential sites, the differences between the Pb concentrations of the swale
soil and road soil were relatively small; sometimes the swale soil had equal or
greater concentrations of Pb.
The dramatic accumulation of Zn in the swale soils of the Fairidge and
Stratton Woods site is unusual .in light of the Zn pattern at the Rt. 234 site.
This highway had been in use a longer time than either of the residential areas
and it had much higher traffic volumes than the residential areas. However, the
Rt. 234 Zn levels were no greater than those of the Stratton Woods site. Also,
there was no significant accumulation of Zn in the highway median swales.
Another factor, in addition to urban runoff, seemed to be involved in the Zn
enrichment of the resident swale soils.
To put the accumulation of Zn and Cd in swale soils in perspective, the
median concentration increase and associated load are presented in Table 10-7.
The increase was calculated as the difference between the metal concentration of
a swale soil and the concentration of its associated yard soil. The assumption
that 100 percent of the metal remains in the surface five cm of soils will be
substantiated later in this chapter. Both the total Zn increase and the rate of
Zn increase were greater at the Fairidge site than the Bulk Main site. The Cd
concentration increase and load were very modest at the Fairidge site.
Impacts of Galvanized Culverts. To determine if the Zn enrichment of residen-
tial swale soils was due to the presence of galvanized culverts, the additional
surface sampling, described in the previous chapter, was conducted. Figures
10-25 through 10-28 show the distribution of trace metal concentration with
distance dowslope of culverts. Zinc had the most dramatic concentration
decrease with distance from the culverts.
For the Fairidge site, the results of the Page Ordered Alternative Tests
10-45
-------
o
I
Table 10-7. Accumulation and loads of trace metals found to have
significant enrichment 1n swale surface soils.
Site/Metal
Fa i ridge Subdivision
Swale Site
Cd
Zn
Median
concentration
Increase (ppm)
0.11
129.0
Median Cone.*
Increase per
year (ppm/yr)
0.02
21.5
Median**
load
(kg/ha)
0.08
96.4
Median**
load rate
(kg/ha/yr)
0.01
16.1
Stratton Woods
Subdivision Swale
Site
Zn 64.4 16.1 48.1 12.0
*assumes uniform accumulation over time.
**assumes 100% of metals applied to soil retained In upper 5 cm.
-------
80 -I
60 -
40 -
20 -
0 -
Q.
.a
a.
LU
CO
Fa i ridge Site
8 10 12 14
x
LU
CJ
ID
•
O
80 -4
60 -
40 -
20 -
Stratton Woods
a
f
t
4 6 3 10
DISTANCE FROM CULVERT (m)
• • • i •
12
14
Figure 10-25. Variation of 0.5 N^ HC1 extractable Pb of swale surface
soils with distance downs!ope of culverts at the
Fairidge and Stratton Woods sites.
10-47
-------
20 -
15 H
10 -I
s -\
a o
Fairidge Site
• a
8 10 12 14
LU
_l
ca
£
o
<
o;
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i 20 H
=n
in
o 15 -|
10 -J
5 -j
0 -J
Stratton Woods Site
•
4 6 8 10 12
DISTANCE FROM CULVERT (m)
14
Figure 10-26. Variation of 0.5 N. HCl extractable Cu of swale surface
soils with distance downslope of culverts at the Fairidge
and Stratton Woods sites.
10-48
-------
0.3-
0.4-5
0.3-
0.2-5
0.1-
o 0.0-
£ 0
•a
03
as
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§ 0.5H
s=l
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0.2-j
0.1-5
0.0-
• •
Fairidge Site
10
12
14
Stratton Woods Site
4 6 3 10
DISTANCE FROM CULVERT (m)
12
14
Figure 10-27.-
Variation of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cd of swale surface
soils with distance downslope of culverts at the Fairidge
and Stratton Woods sites.
10-49
-------
600-
450-
300-
150-
0-
I
CL
c
CQ
o 300—
150-
0-
• ' Fai ridge Site
9
* •
• * *
• 1
1 ''1 ,.......,-1.........! | .., ,
0 2 4 S 3 10 12 14
Stratton Woods Site
I
8 9
: i •
4 6 8 10
DISTANCE FROM CULVERT (m)
12
14
Figure 10-28. Variation of 0.5 N_ HCl extractable In of swale surface
soils with distance downslope of culverts at the Fairidge
and Stratton Woods sites.
10-50
-------
strongly show a decrease of Zn and Cu concentrations with distance from culverts
(Table 10-8). The test results, with less confidence, also reveal a decrease of
Pb concentrations with distance downslope from culverts. Cadmium, Zn, and Pb
all had significant concentration decreases with distance from culverts at the
Stratton Woods site; the P value (level of significance, probability of Type I
error) of Zn was especially small.
The changes in trace metal concentrations with distance from the culverts,
were estimated by the slopes of Theil regression equations (Table 10-9). The
large slopes of the Zn equations reflected the sharp drop of Zn concentrations
with distance from the culverts. Copper and Cd had significant slopes.
However, the slopes of the lines were small for both elements. The P values of
the Pb slopes were much greater than any of the other metals found to have con-
centration decreases downslope of culverts. Also, the slopes of the Pb models
were small and of questionable significance.
Detention Basins. The trace metals distributions and spatial patterns for the
detention basin sites are presented in Figures 10-30 through 10-53. The even
number figures in this section are box plots that compare the trace metal con-
centrations of basin site sampling zones (i.e., basin zone, control zone outside
the basin, and for the KMart site, sideslope zone). Figure 10-29 provides an
explanation of the box plots used in this section. The even numbered figures
are isoconcentration maps that illustrate the spatial pattern of trace metal
distribution at the swale sites. For the isoconcentration maps, it is important
to note that the contour intervals are not uniform. Instead of including con-
tour lines that could not be substantiated by the data to make uniform contour
intervals, only those lines that could be established directly from the trace
metal data points were included.
Figures 10-30, 10-32, 10-34, and 10-36 illustrate the range of metal con-
10-51
-------
Table 10-8. Page Ordered Alternative Test (based on
Friedman Rank Sums) of surface soil trace
metal concentration differences due to
distance from galvanized culverts at the
Fairidge and Stratton Woods sites.
Page Statistic Level of*
Site/Trace Metal (large sample approx.) Significance
Fai ridge Subdivision
Swale Site
-Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
Stratton Woods
Subdivision Swale Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
.35
2.77
2.08
1.39
1.82
2.77
0.52
1.99
.363
.003
.019
.082
.034
.003
.302
.023
*Test statistic and level of significance based on normal theory
approximations.
Ha: metal concentrations decrease with distance from culvert.
10-52
-------
Table 10-9. The1l linear regression models relating surface soil trace
metal concentration and distance downsiope from galvanized
culverts at the Fairidge and Stratton Moods sites.
o
I
01
co
Site/Metal
Fairidge Subdivision
Swale Site
Zn
Cu
Pb
Stratton Moods
Subdivision Swale
Site
Cd
Zn
Pb
Model
y = 314.31 - 16.38x
y = 6.36 - 0.12x
y - 42.76 - 0.99x
y = 0.2024 - .0074x
y = 128.54 - 6.11x
y = 17.82 - 0.39x
Significance* 95% Confidence
Level Interval for Slope
.003 (-32.
.026 (- 0.
.199 (- 3.
.039 (- 0.
.003 (-14.
.133 (- 1.
87, -3.78)
68, 0.01)
67, 1.35)
1500, 0.0000)
68, -1.52)
08, 0.22)
kHa: slope less than zero.
NOTE: y for each metal = 0.5 t± IIC1 extractable metal (ppm).
x = distance down slope from culvert (m).
-------
3
EXTREME UPPER OUTLIERS
All ae»«rv (3MIOR1 + 3Q
MILD UPPER OUTUERS
All oOt«rvoflon«> IQ -0.3KIQR)
•0 MILD LOWER OUTLIERS
.1
All aeswaftoni < IQ -O.SKIQR),
But > IQ-OXfOR)
« EXTREME LOWER OUTUERS
All ao«»rvonon«< IO-;3)(IOfl)
Figure 10-29.
Component description of box plots of surface soil
trace metal concentrations of detention basin sites;
even numbered figures, 36 through 59 (reference 86).
10-54
-------
0.40
i
Q.
-o
LU
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CD
2
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OS
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1
1
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X
X
basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-30.
Comparison of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Cd of basin and
control surface soils, Stedwick detention basin site
(See also Figure 15).
10-55
-------
.20
Figure 10-31.
Surface soil 0.5 ^ HC1 extractable Cd isoconcentration
map (ppm), Stedwick detention basin site (See also
Figure 15).
10-56
-------
45
40
35
,§ 30
g;
ui 0_
3!
1 20
UJ
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basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-32.
Comparison of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Zn of basin and
control surface soils, Stedwick detention basin site
(See also Figure 15).
10-57
-------
Figure 10-33.
Surface soil 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Zn isoconcentration
map (ppm), Stedwick detention basin site (See also
Figure 15).
10-58
-------
i
Q.
o
LU
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CD
§
<
0£
X
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*
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basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-34. Comparison of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu of basin
and control surface soils, Stedwick detention basin
site (See also Figure 15).
10-59
-------
Figure 10-35.
Surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu isoconcentration
map (ppm), Stedwick detention basin site (See also
Figure 15).
10-60
-------
a.
LU
<
X
225
200
175
150
125
100
in 75
o
50
25
M S
X
basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-36.
Comparison of 0.5 N^ HC1 extractable Pb of basin and
control surface soils, Stedwick detention basin site
(See also Figure 15).
10-61
-------
Figure 10-37.
Surface soil 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Pb isoconcentration
map (ppm), Stedwick detention basin site (See also
Figure 15).
10-62
-------
13.0 p
12.0
10.0
Q.
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CO
55
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4.0
2.0
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basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-38. Comparison of 0.5 H HC1 extractable Cd of basin and
control surface soils, Bulk Mail detention basin site
(See also Figure 16).
10-63
-------
Figure 10-39. Surface soil 0.5 ^ HC1 extractable Cd isoconcentration
map (ppm), Bulk Mail detention basin site (See also
Figure 16).
10-64
-------
1200
1000
£ 800
c
LU
600
X
UJ
O
zl 400
200
basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-40. Comparison of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable In of basin and
control surface soils, Bulk Mail detention basin site
(See also Figure 16).
10-65
-------
Figure 10-41
Surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Zn isoconcentration
map (ppm), Bulk Mail detention basin site (See also
Figure 16).
10-66
-------
140
120
i.
~ 100
c_>
UJ
CD
h 80
X
LU
CJ
tr>
o
60
40
20
basin control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-42. Comparison of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu of basin and
control surface soils, Bulk Mail detention basin site
(See also Figure 16).
10-67
-------
Figure 10-43.
Surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu isoconcentration
map (ppm), Bulk Mail Detention basin site (See also
Figure 16).
10-68
-------
I
a.
.O
a.
oa
o
^C
0£
X
LU
-------
Figure. 10-45. Surface soil 0.5 N. HCl extractable Pb isoconcentration
map (ppm), Bulk Mail detention basin (See also Figure 16}
10-70*
-------
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1.75.
^ 1.50
s
0.
S 1.25
LLJ
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A ¥*
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basfn sideslope control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-46. Comparison of 0.5 N. HCl extractable Cd of basin, sideslope,
and control surface soils, KMart detention basin site
(See also Figure 17).
10-71
-------
X
X
X
0.2*
basin outline
Figure 10-47. Surface soil 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Cd isoconcentration
map (ppm), KMart detention basin site (See also Figure 17}
10-72
-------
220
200
a.
c
150
I
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TOO
50
JL
basin sideslope control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-48.
Comparison of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable Zn of basin, sideslope,
and control surface soils, KMart detention basin site
(See also Figure 17).
10-73
-------
basin outline
Figure 10-49. Surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Zn isoconcentration
map (ppm), KMart detention basin site (See also Figure 17)
10-74
-------
35.Or
30.0 •
25.0 -
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— j
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basin sideslope control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-50. Comparison of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu of basin, sideslope,
and control surface soils, KMart detention basin site
(See also Figure 17).
10-75
-------
basin outline
Figure 10-51. Surface soil 0.5 N. HC1 extractable Cu isoconcentration
map CPProK KMart detention basin site (See also Figure 17)
10-76
-------
800
700
600
a.
a.
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c£
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basin sideslope control
SAMPLING ZONE
Figure 10-52. Comparison of 0.5 M_HC1 extractable Pb of basin, sideslope,
and control surface soils, KNart detention basin side
(See also Figure 17).
10-77
-------
— — - basin outline
Figure 10-53. Surface soil 0.5 N^ HC1 extractable Pb isoconcentration
map (ppm), KMart detention basin site (See also Figure 17)
10-78
-------
centrations for basin and control soils at the Stedwick site. Clearly, Pb,
followed by Zn, had the greatest concentrations in the basin soil. Most of the
Zn concentrations of the control soils were fairly uniform. One very large
exception was an extreme upper outlier that was greater than all other control
or basin samples. No explanation is offered; although it is relevent to note
that the nonparametric statistics methods used to analyze the data are less sen-
sitive to outliers than normal theory statistics.
The spatial distribution of the study metals can be seen in a series of iso-
concentration maps of the Stedwick site (Figures 10-31, 10-33, 10-35, and
10-37). The concentration of Cu is basically uniform throughout the basin and
control areas (Figure 10-35). All of the other study metals were found to have
elevated concentrations around the basin outlet and in zones or pockets near the
concrete channel. The pattern is most pronounced for lead. The slightly ele-
vated Pb levels in the control area, near the head of basin were probably due to
the proximity of Stedwick Road.
The trace metal accumulation in the basin soil of the Bulk Mail site was a
sharp contrast to the Stedwick site. For the Stedwick site, Pb was the only
study metal with distinct concentration differences between the basin and
control soils. At the Bulk Mail Study site, all of the study metals were much
greater in the basin soil than the control soil.
The greatest Cd concentrations observed during the study were at the Bulk
Mail site (Figure 10-38). The control soil Cd concentrations were well below
one ppm; but the basin concentrations reached a maximum of greater than twelve
ppm, with many observations in the one to four ppm range. The greatest Cd con-
centrations were found relatively near the basin inlet, in a zone north of the
emergent vegetation and west of the inlet (Figure 10-39). The area of emergent
vegetation had fairly large Cd concentrations, but not the maximum observations.
10-79
-------
A very similar pattern of trace metal distribution was recorded for the other
study metals (Figures 10-41, 10-43, and 10-45).
Like Cd, the greatest concentration of Zn observed during the study was in
the Bulk Mail detention basin. Figure 10-40 illustrates the difference between
the basin and control soils. The soil Zn concentrations near the outlet of the
structure were greater than the Zn concentration of most of the control samples
(Figure 10-35). On the other hand, the outlet region was not a zone of great
enrichment. Many other areas in the basin had greater Zn concentrations than
the outlet region.
The maximum soil Cu concentrations were also recorded at the Bulk Mail Site
(Figure 10-42). The difference between the control and basin soils was
apparent. Although the spatial distribution patter of Cu in the basin was simi-
lar to the other study metals, the zone of emergent vegetation seemed to have a
larger proprotion of the large Cu observations (Figure 10-43).
The Pb concentrations of the basin surface soil at the Bulk Mail site were
not as great as the Pb concentrations of the surface soils at the Rt. 234 or the
KMa'rt study sites. However, the difference between the control and basin soils
was striking (Figure 10-44). Similar to other metals, the smallest Pb con-
centrations were at the south end of the basin (Figure 10-45).
Figure 10-11 presents the sampling layout of the KMart site. Although not
to the extent of the basin soil of the Bulk Mail site, the basin soil and
sideslope soil of the KMart site had been enriched with Cd (Figure 10-46). Main
areas of enrichment were near the mouth of the basin and in a elongated zone
near the outlet (Figure-47). All of the other study metals had similar distri-
bution patterns.
Zinc was the second most abundant study metal at the KMart site (Figure
10-48). Zones of maximum accumulation were in isolated depressed areas near the
10-80
-------
outlet and in midddle portion of the basin (Figure 10-49).
The small difference in Cu content between the sideslope and control soils
can be observed in Figure 10-50. This difference was much smaller than that of
the other metals for these two sampling zones. Figure 10-51 shows the spatial
distribution of Cu at the KMart site.
Of the three detention basins, the greatest accumulation of Pb was noted in
the basin soils of the KMart site (Figure 10-52). Only the Rt. 234 swale site
had Pb concentrations higher than the KMart site. In spite of the large dif-
ference in concentration between Pb and the other study metals, the spatial
distribution pattern of Pb was very similar to the other metals (Figure 10-53).
The results of the statistical analyses for the detention basin surface soil
investigation are presented in Tables 10-10 through 10-12. The basis for the
comparisons made with the statistical tests was that the trace metal con-
centrations of the soil outside of the basins (i.e. control zone) were the
background levels. Any trace metal concentrations observed in the basin soils
that were significantly greater than the background levels could be considered
due to contributions from stormwater runoff.
In general, the results of the statistical tests confirmed the trends that
were evident from the box plots and isoconcentration maps. Results of the
Wilcoxon Rank Sums Tests for the Stedwick site revealed that when the basin
samples were compared as a whole to the control samples, only Pb was distinctly
greater in the basin soil (Table 10-10). A difference in Zn concentrations bet-
ween the control and basin soils was likely, but with a much lower level of
significance. For the Bulk Mail site, highly significant differences were
detected with the Wilcoxon Ranked Sums Test between the control and basin soils
for all of the study metals.
The results of the Kruskal-Wallis Tests for differences of metal con-
10-81
-------
Table 10-10.
Results of Wilcoxon Rank Sum analyses of
differences between trace metal concentrations
of basin and control surface soils of the
Stedwick and the Bulk Mail sites.
Site/Trace Metal
Wilcoxon Rank Sum
Test Statistic
Level of *
Significance
Stedwick Detention
Basin Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
Bulk Mail Detention
Basin Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
-0.68
-1.30
-0.76
-4.99
-4.59
-4.75
-4.74
-5.04
.2483
.0968
.2236
< .0002
< .0002
< .0002
< .0002
< .0002
*Test statistic and level of significance based on normal distribution
approximations.
Ha: trace metal concentration of control soil less than
trace metal of basin soil.
10-82
-------
Table 10-11. Results of Kruskal-Wallis analyses of
differences among soil trace metal con-
centrations of sampling zones of the
KMart detention basin site.
Metal
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
Kruskal-Wallis
Statistic
31.8 '
32.5
25.3
34.6
Level of*
Significance
< .001
< .001
< .001
< .001
*Chi square distribution Irage sample approximation (2 d.f.).
Ha: soil trace metal concentrations of the 3 zones,
basin, side slope, and control, are not equal.
NOTE: Sample sizes for the various sampling zones:
n (basin) = 12
n (side slope) = 13
n (control) = 19.
10-83
-------
Table 10-12. Multiple comparisons, based on Kruskal-Wallis
Rank Sums, of surface soil trace metal concentrations
from three sampling zones of the KMart detention
basin site.
Significance Level /Metal
S.L.
S.L.
= 0.15
Cd
Zn
Cu
= 0.05
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
Sampling Zones
A
A
A
A
A_
A
A
B.
B.
B
B
B.
B
B
C_*
C_
C
C
C.
C
C
*Sites scored by the same line not significantly
different at stated significance level.
NOTE: A = control zone
B = sideslope zone
C = basin zone
where differences occurred, A
-------
centrations among the three sampling zones at the KMart site indicated that
there were very significant differences as show in Table 10-11. All treatment
multiple comparisons were used to establish the order of the differences (Table
10-12). For each metal, with the exception of Cu, the sideslope metal con-
centrations were greater than the control metal concentrations at a significance
level of 0.05. For all of the study metals, the basin soil metal concentrations
were found to be greater than the control soil metal concentrations at the 0.05
significance level.
Table 10-13 summarizes the accumulation and loads of trace metals at the
detention basin sites. The KMart site had the greatest concentration, accumula-
tion and load of Pb. The Bulk Mail detention basin had the largest con-
centrations, accumulations, and loads of Cd, Zn, and Cu. The Stedwick basin had
mild enrichment of Zn, and Cd in basin soils and only Pb accumulated to notable
levels.
Results - Depth Investigations
The purpose of the depth investigation was to determine if trace metals had
leached downward in the soil profiles of areas that had large surface soil con-
centrations of trace metals due to contributions from stormwater runoff. To
accomplish this, soil trace metal concentrations in the depth intervals from the
basin or swale sampling zone were compared to the trace metal concentations of
the appropriate control zone at the same depth intervals. The locations of the
sampling points have been previously shown graphically in an earlier section.
The downward movement of trace metals has at least two potential implica-
tions for soils that are used to control urban runoff. First, the downward
movement can be an index of the rate at which the trace metal sorptive capaci-
10-85
-------
Table 10-13.
Accumulation and loads of trace metals found to have
significant enrichment in detention basin surface soils.
o
i
oo
en
Site/Metal
Stedwtck Detention
Basin Site
2n
Pb
Dulk Mail Detention
Dastn Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
KMart Detention
Basin Site
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
mean cone.
increase
(ppn»)
3.8
29.3
2.79
224.1
19.0
112.3
0.75
114.1
12.4
360.4
mean cone. *
Increase per
year (ppni/yr)
O.S
4.2
0.40
32.0
2.7
16.0
0.12
19.0
2.1
61.4
mean**
load
(kg/ha)
2.8
21.9
2.08
167.4
14.2
83.9
O.S6
86.2
9.3
275.2
mean**
load rate
(kg/ha/yr)
0.4
3.1
0.30
23.9
2.0
12.0
0.09
14.2
l.S
45. 9
'assumes uniform accumulation over time.
'•assumes 1001 of metals applied to soil retained in upper 5 cm.
-------
ties of the soils are being exhausted. The observation of the distribution of
trace metals with depth may provide an estimate of the life expectancy of a BMP
structure. Second, excessive downward leaching of trace metals could potentially
contaminate ground water supplies. The observation of the vertical distribution
of trace metals can help to assess potential hazards to ground water. To allow
the maximum separation of trends and mechanisms, the results of the swale drain
sites and detention basin sites are presented separately.
Grassed Swales. The results of the swale site depth study are presented in
Figures 10-55 through 10-62. Figure 10-54 provides a partial guide to the depth
plots. A few additional points, however, must be clarified. For the swale
sites, a sample point for a given depth interval from the swale zone is related
to a specific point in the same depth interval for the road zone and yard zone.
At each of the five swales sampled at a study site, a soil core was taken from
the road zone, swale zone, and yard zone. Therefore, the results of a swale
zone sample must be compared to the results from the sample taken from the adja-
cent road or yard zone. Unfortunately, due to a large number of data points,
and a very wide range of trace metal concentrations, unique symbols for each
swale could not be used. At the lower depths the different symbols would have
been crammed together and meaningless. The plus symbol was selected to allow
maximum differentiation of points with close spacings.
Due to the complex nature of the depth graphs for the swale sites, the
assessment of clear trends from the graphs by themselves is difficult. For this
reason the graphical presentations and statistical analyses shall be described
simultaneously.
The results of Friedman Rank Sums Tests and comparisons are presented in
Tables 10-14 through 10-17. For the comparisons, the depth samples collected in
10-87
-------
SOIL SURFACE
0
-10
J. -20
£
Q -30
-40
-50
t t * * *
t * * (5-l5cm)
* (IS-SOcm)
(O-5cm)
I) points at midpoint of
sampling depth
2) unless otherwise noted,
5 observations at each
depth (som« are hidden)
(30-€0cm)
0.5 N HC1 EXTRACTABLE METAL
Figure 10-54. Description of depth plots of soil trace metal
concentrations; Figures 61 through 76.
10-88
-------
?
X
o.
LU
a
u
X
a.
LU
a
5
X
LU
a
-20-i
-30-|
-40-:
-50-
o.
Q-J
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-j
-50-
o.
0_
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
o.
•t- + +• +
f +
ROAD
V
1 • • ' • 1 • • 1 ' 1 ......... J .... 1 .... 1
00 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.32 0.40
* + + -t-
SWALE
00 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.32 0-40
* +• -r +•
YARD
t + + +
i • • • ,.....,... | , , | ,
00 0.08 0.15 0.24 0.32 0.40
0.5 N.HC1 EXTRACTABLE Cd (ppm)
Figure 10-55. Distribution of 0.5 N^ extractable soil Cd with depth
for three sampling zones, Fairidge swale site.
10-89
-------
u
iCL
s
z
a.
1*
u
i.
a.
a
-10-
-20-
-30-^
-40-3
-50-
fl— 1
-10-
-20-j
-30-
-40-j
-50-
n_
-20-:
-30-
-40-
-50-
•M- -h
-H-
ROAD
+
t • • •! , . . . i • • i i
0 150 300 450 600 75Q
+ +•»•+ -r
•H + -I-
SWALE
*
*
i • • i i , | |
0 150 300 450 600 750
* YARD
•*•
0 150 300 450 500 750
0.5 N_HC1 EXTRACTABLE Zn (ppm)
Figure 10-56. Distribution of 0.5 M^ HCl extractable soil Zn with
depth for three sampling zones, Fairidge swale site.
10-90
-------
-10-
J-20-
£-30-
Q. :
o -40-4
-50-
O-J
_ -10-:
5 -20-
^ -30-
Q.
0 -40-
-50-
n-
^ -10-
£ -20-
^ -30-
0.
ixl
Q -40-,
-50^
* •(•+•(•
ROAD
•»••«•+ +
-i- 4-H- •••
01 2345678
•H- +• •*•
•H- + -i- +
SWALE
•H-f •(• *
01 2345678
+H- -f
* * ** YARD
+ ••• -i- •(•-(•
2 3 4 5 S
0.5 IN HC1 EXTRACTABLE Cu (ppm)
3
Figure 10-57. Distribution of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable soil Cu with
depth for three sampling zones, Fairidge swale site.
10-91
-------
u
s
1—
0.
LU
o
u
t—
n
LU
a
u
t—
a,
LU
o
-10-
-20-j
-30-
-40-
-50-
0-
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
O-i
-10-
-20-
-30-i
-40-i
-50-
+•»•+•+ *
4<-H-
ROAD
•n-
i ••••••••• i ..,....,...., • • • i i
0 20 40 60 SO 100
•i-H-f +
"^^ * SWALE
•P+ -r
'
0 20 40 60 80 100
•H*
YARD
1 II
20 40 60 80
0.5 N^ HC1 EXTRACTABLE Pb (ppm)
100
Figure 10-58. Distribution of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable soil Pb with
depth for three sampling zones, Fairidge swale site.
10-92
-------
u
z
Q.
°
U
X
a.
0
u
a.
°
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
0.
0-
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
o.
OJ
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
+ •*-•)-
•*-•»••»• •*••»•
ROAD
+ + + +
* + * +
00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0-3
* + + +
SWALE
*
• ' ' ' i ' ' ' i i i i • • • i
00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.3<
•»••*••*•
•»• + + +
YARD
•»••»• + -h
0.00
•0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
0.5 N EXTRACTABLE Cd (ppra)
0.30
Figure 10-59. Distribution of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable soil Cd with
depth for three sampling zones, Stratton Woods swale
site.
10-93
-------
5-20-
£ -30-
Q_
JJ
Q -40-
-50-
0—
^ -10-
1-20-
£-30-
0 -40-
-50-
-10-
1-20-
? -30-
a. :
o -40-
-50-
•»•* •»•
ROAD
II 1 T
1 ' ' j ' • | ' 1 • • ' 1
0 20 40 60 30 100
+ -f- -f +
-W~M- +
SWALE
* + +•
0 20 40 60 30 100
•H+"f
YARD
•H- -H-
-«• -H-
20 40 60 80
0.5 N_HC1 EXTRACTABLE Zn (ppm)
100
Figure 10-60. Distribution of 0.5 N. HCl extractable soil Zn with
depth for three sampling zones, Stratton Woods swale
site.
10-94
-------
u
X
0.
a
&
u
X
0.
UJ
a
u
Q-
LU
O
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
0— I
-10-
-20-i
-30-
-40-
-50-
Q-4
-10-
-20-j
-so-;
-40-
-50-
4-1- 4-4-
4> 4 4- + *
44 4- 4- 4-
44- 4- 4-4 ROAD
i ••••••••• i ......... , ,.,........., ,
0 5 10 15 20 25
4> 4 4- 4- 4-
44 4-4
SWALE
i i i i ' • ' i ' ' ' i
0 5 10 15 20 25
+ * +
4-H- 4 4-
+ * 4 4
YARD
+ + + 4- 4>
5 10 15 20
0.5 N_ HC1 EXTRACTABLE Cu (ppm)
25
Figure 10-61. Distribution of 0.5 N HC1 extractable soil Cu with
depth for three sampling zones, Stratton Woods swale
site.
10-95
-------
s
i
LU
O
-2-
£
1—
f\
O
^"
(J
£=
a.
UJ
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
-10-
-20-^
-30-|
-40-
-50^
n
-io-i
-20-i
-30-^
-40-:
-50-
t\wnL/
+ + -H- -H
•H- +• ++
i i i i ' ' ' '> i
0 5 10 15 20 25
* * +* * * * * *
* SWALE
+ •* +•
* * + +•
• ' ' i ' i • • i • i i
0 5 10 15 20 25
+ +. -H- +
YARD
* + + + +
•»• + 4- •»• +
i i i i ••••••••• i •••• ,
0 5 10 15 20 25
0.5 N. HC1 EXTRACTABLE Pb (ppra)
Figure 10-62. Distribution of 0.5 N. HCl extractable soil Pb with
depth for two sampling zones, Stratton !^oods swale
site.
10-96
-------
Table 10-14. Results of Friedman Rank Sums analyses
of differences among soil trace metal
concentrations for three sampling zones
at various depths; Fairidge Swale Site.
Friedman Rank Level of*
Depth (cm)/Metal Sums Statistic Significance
0-5
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
5 - 15
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
15 - 30
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
30 - 60
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
8.4
8.4
8.4
7.6
3.1
2.8
0.4
1.2
5.2
3.6
10.0
5.2
4.1
1.2
5.2
2.8
.008
.008
.008
.024
.298
.367
.954
.691
.093
.182
.001
.093
.158
.691
.093
.367
*Ha: soilmetal concentrations for sampling zones, yarcf swale,
and road, are not equal.
NOTE: For all depth intervals and metals, n = 5.
10-97
-------
Table 10-15. At various depths, comparisons of soil trace metal
concentrations of swale zones and road zone to
yard zones of the rairidge swale site; based on
Friedman Rank Suns.
Depth/Metal
(cm)
road
di f ference of* P*"
direction
yard
direction of
difference
p
0-5
Cd - .3336 - .0028
Zn - .0697 - .0028
Cu - .3336 - .0028
Pb - .6024 - .0131
15-30
Cd - .1052 - .0517
Zn • .0697 - .3336
Cu - .1406 * .1406
Pb + .0337 - .4815
30 - 60
Cd - .0697 - .1844
Cu - .1406 * .4815
** * metal cone, road zone > metal cone, swale zone
0 » equal rank sums
- « metal cone, road zone < metal ccnc. swale zone.
**leve1 of significance.
MOTE: Comparisons made for metals that had significant
differences for a given depth as determined by
Friedman Rank Suns Test.
10-98
-------
Table 10-16. Results of Friedman Rank Sums analyses
of difference among soil trace metal
concentrations for three sampling zones
at various depths; Stratton Woods swale site.
Friedman Rank Level of*
Depth (cm)/metal Sum Statistic Significance
0-5
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
5 - 15
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
15 - 30
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
30 - 60
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
7.6
8.0
2.0
8.0
4.3
4.8
1.2
0.0
0.9
1.2
0.4
1.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
1.6
.024
.016
.470
.016
.137
.124
.691
1.000
.822
.691
.954
.691
.988
.954
.954
.522
*Ha: soil metal concentrations for sampling zones, yard, swale,
and road, are not equal.
/
NOTE: For all depth intervals and metals, n = 5.
10-99
-------
Table 10-17. At various depths, comparisons of son trace
ratal concentrations of road zone and yard
zone to swale zone of the Strattan Woods swale
site; based on Friedman Rank Sums.
road ' yard
direction of* P*~ direction of P
Depth/Metal (on) difference difference
0-5
Cd - .3336 - .0234
Zn - .2281 - .0131
Cu * .4815 - .4815
Pb + .2281 - .2281
5-15
Cd - .1844 - .0697
Zn - .0697 - .0697
* + • metal cone, roaa zone > metal cone, swale zone
0 » equal rank sums
- • metal cone, road zone < metal cone, swale zone.
••level of significance.
NOTE: Comparisons made for metals that had significant differences for
a given depth as determined by Friedman Rank Sums Test.
10-100
-------
the swale sampling zone were used as the control. If larger concentrations of
trace metals can be established in the various depth intervals of the swale zone
samples than the same depth intervals of the road zone and the yard zone
samples, this is strong evidence to indicate that detectable leaching of trace
metals has occurred in the swale zone soils. Since the sample sizes were much
smaller for the depth investigation that the surface soil investigation, greater
differences among the sampling zones were required to show significant trends.
That is not to say that the Friedman test was not valuable. Actually, the
determination of important trends would have been almost impossible without it.
With regard to the Fairidge site, significant differences were detected
among the sampling zones for all of the study metals in the 0-5 cm depth inter-
val (Table 10-14, Figures 10-55 through 10-58). In contrast, none of the study
metals had significantly different concentrations among the sample zones at the
5-15 cm interval. At the deeper intervals, only Cd and Cu had test results that
showed differences among sampling zones at the 15-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths.
The P value for Cu at the 15-30 cm level was especially small, allowing a great
deal of confidence in the conclusion of differences among the sampling zones.
Treatment-control comparisons (with the swale zone as the control) results
provided evidence of enriched Zn in swale zone samples for the surface layer, a
finding compatible with the finds of the surface soil investigation (Table
10-15). At none of the other depth intervals did the test results support Zn
enrichment of swale zone soil. At the 15-30 cm depth interval, the Zn con-
centrations of swale zone samples were significantly greater than the road
samples; but the swale zone Zn levels were less than yard zone Zn levels. By
the 15-30 cm depth, Zn levels had decreased from the several hundred ppm con-
centrations observed in the surface soils to less than 10 ppm (Figure 10-56).
The phenomenon of decreasing metal concentration with depth was not unique
10-101
-------
to Zn, all of the study metals exhibited this pattern for all of the sampling
zones. Pb especially seemed to be concentrated only in the surface layer
(Figure 10-58).
Copper was unique among the study metals at Fain'dge site in that the Cu
concentration of the yard zone at the 15-30 depth intervals seemed greater than
the Cu concentrations of the swale zone (Table 10-15, Figure 10-57.) At the
30-60 cm depth interval, there was no significant difference between the soil Cu
concentration of the swale and yard zones, and the swale zone Cu appeared
greater than the road zone Cu (P = .1406).
Of all the study metals, Cd seemed to have the greatest amount of downward
mobility in the swale zone soil. With a fair amount of confidence, the conclu-
sion that Cd concentrations were greater in swale zone soil than either road
zone soil or yard zone soil for the 15-30 and 30-60 cm depth intervals could be
made (Table 10-15). Even though there were significant differences at these
depths, the Cd concentrations in the swale zone soil were still quite small
(Figure 10-55).
The Stratton Woods site had uniform trace metal distributions below the sur-
face 5 cm (Table 10-16, Figures 10-59 through 10-62). The only notable dif-
ferences among the sampling zones occurred at the 5-15 cm interval for Zn and
Cd, and the P values of these two were marginal (Table 10-16). Control
Treatment comparisons for this interval revealed that both Zn and Cd con-
centrations were significantly greater in swale zone than either th yard zone or
the road zone (Table 10-17). But, the magnitude of the differences of Zn and Cd
concentrations at the 5-15 cm level were generally quite small, a few ppm for Zn
and less than 0.1 ppm for Cd.
For the 0-5 cm depth interval, the Friedman Rank Sums results indicated
highly significant differences among the sampling zones for Cd, Zn, and Pb
10-102
-------
(Table 10-16). On the other hand, the comparisons failed to show differences
between study metal concentrations of the road and swale zone soils.
Significant differences were found between the swale zone and yard zone for the
metals Cd and Zn (Table 10-17).
Detention Basins. The trace metal depth data are presented in Figures 10-63
through 10-70. Because the control zone samples and basin zone samples were
collected independently at the detention basin sites, all of the samples from a
given depth interval from the basin sampling zone can be compared directly to
all of the samples from the same depth interval from the control sampling zone.
The results of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests of differences between soil trace
metal concentrations of the basin and control sampling zones are presented in
Tables 10-18 and 10-20. Estimates of the magnitute of the significant differen-
ces between the trace metal concentrations of basin sampling zone and the
control sampling zone are presented in Tables 10-19 and 10-21.
The Stedwick detention basin soil had trace metal contamination limited
almost exclusively to the surface five cm (Table 10-18). In general, the
control soil had remarkably uniform concentration distributions in the soil pro-
file for all of the study metals (Figures 10-63 through 10-66). Interestingly,
the Cu concentration of the lower three depth intervals seemed greater in the
control soil than basin soil; a difference in parent material is implied (Figure
10-65). For each study metal, with the possible exception of Cu, a distinct
accumulation was noted in the basin surface soil layer (Table 10-18, Figures
10-63 through 10-66). For the basin soil, background metal concentrations were
usually approached by the 5-15 cm depth interval. Lead and Zn were the only
study metals significantly greater in the basin soil than the control soil at
the 5-15 cm depth interval (Table 10-18). Even these metals had very small con-
centration differences (Table 10-19).
10-103
-------
-10-
1 -2°-
ar
£ -30-
-40-j
-50-
+ +•
BASIN
I ......... I .,..:.. ,-. ( . , r. . . , ^j . . , | T- ' I ' | .... r^, • • J
0.00 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.48 0.56
-10-
-20-
-30-
a -40-
-50-
CONTROL
0.00 0.08 0.16 0-24 0.32 0.40 0.48 0.56
0.5 H HC1 EXTRACABLE Cd (ppm)
Figure 10-63. Distribution of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable soil Cd with
depth for two sampling zones, Stedwick detention basin
site.
10-104
-------
0
-10-1
E -2(H
-40-
-50-
+• ++•
•HH-
BASIN
i 'I I I ....k T, . . § . . T^-rT, n ,,....,... J
0 10 20 30 40 • 50 SO 70
0
-10-
-20-
5--30H
UJ
a
-40-
•»• •*•
•f -HH-
4- -HH--T
-50-
• i
10
CONTROL
20 30 40 50 60
0.5 N HC1 EXTRACTABLE Zn (ppn)
70
Figure 10-64. Distribution of 0.5 N_HC1 extractable soil Zn with
depth for two sampling zones, Stedwick detention basin
site.
10-105
-------
-30-
-40-
-50-
BASIN
r
0
• i •
2
i ......... i ......... i • • ....... i
6 8 10 1-2
"i"
u
— "
o_
n
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
+ -Hr *
•»• * * -f +•
CONTROL
+ 4- 4- 4- +
i • ' • i i i • • • i i i
0 2 4 € 3 10 12
0.5 N.HC1 EXTRACTABLE Cu (ppm)
Figure 10-65.
Distribution of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable soil Cu with
depth for two sampling zones, Stedwick detention basin
site.
10-106
-------
0
•10-1
S -20^
£ -30-1
_u
o
-40-
-50-
50
+ ••*•
BASIN
| T ........ |
100 150
200
• • J
250
300
-10-
1 ~2°-
E -30-|
LU
a
-40-
-50-
• i • •
50
CONTROL
^ i • • • • •
100
150 200 250
0.5 N_ HC1 EXTRACTABLE Pb (ppm)
300
Figure 10-66. Distribution of 0.5 N_HCl extractable soil Pb with
depth for two sampling zones, Stedwick detention basin
site.
10-107
-------
-10--W- +•
g -20-1
£ -30H
-40-
-50-
I
4
BASIN
(4 observations at
each depth)
12
16
20
-10-
0.
UJ
o
-30-
-40-
-50-
CONTROL
8 12 IS
0.5 N. HC1 EXTRACTA8LE Cd (ppra)
20
Figure 10-67. Distribution of 0.5 N_ HC1 extractable soil Cd with
depth for two sampling zones, Bulk Mail detention
basin site.
10-108
-------
f± -30
0.
-40
-50
•iH-
.0
400
800
BASIN
(4 observations at
each depth)
1200
1600
-10-}
Q_
LU
o
£ -30-
•-40-
-50-
CONTROL
400 800 1200
0.5 N_HC1 EXTRACTABLE Zn (pom)
1600
Figure 10-68. Distribution of 0.5 N. HC1 extractable soil Zn with
depth for two sampling zones, Bulk Mail detention
basin site.
10-109
-------
u
0.
'-U
a
u
a.
LU
a
-10-
-20-
-30-
-40-
-50-
0—
-10-j
-2Q-
-30-^
-50-
BASIN
^ (4 observations at
each depth)
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 1 75
.H. CONTROL
-9-
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175
0.5 N. HC1 EXTRACTABLE Cu (ppm)
Figure 10-69. Distribution of 0.5 N_HC1 extractable soil Cu with
depth for two sampling zones, Bulk Mail detention
basin site.
10-110
-------
'e -20H
u
a.
LU
a
-30-
-40-
-50-
BASIN
(.4 observations at
each depth)
• • I • •
150
300
450
600
750
900
-10-
-20-
£-30-}
a
-40-
-50-
CONTROL
150 300 450 600 750 900
0.5 H HCl EXTRACTABLE Pb (ppm)
Figure 10-70.
Distribution of 0.5 N_ HCl extractable soil Pb with
depth for two sampling zones, Bulk Mail detention
basin site.
10-111
-------
Table 10-18. Results of Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests of
differences between soil trace metal
concentrations of basin and control sampling
zones at various depths; Stedwick detention
basin site.
Wilcoxon Rank* Level of**
Depth/Metal (cm) Sum Statistic Significance
0-5
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
5-15
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
15 - 30
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
30 - 60
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
40.0
40.0
32.0
40.0
23.5
35.0
19.0
35.0
22.0
25.5
20.0
31.0
20.0
26.0
24.0
26.0
.004
.004
.210
.004
> .500
.075
> .500
.075
> .500
> .500
> .500
.274
> .500
> .500
> .500
> .500
*Rank sum for basin sample.
**Ha: Soil trace metal concentration from basin
greater than control area.
NOTE: For basin and control depth samples, n = 5.
10-112
-------
Table 10-19. Estimates of trace metal concentration
differences between basin and control
soils at various depths^ Stedwick
detention basin site.*
Estimate of 95% Confidence
Depth/Metal Med. Diff. Interval
(cm) (ppm) (ppm)
0-5
Cd 0.24 0.38, 0.08
Zn 39.1 53.9 , 14.9
Cu 1.6 4.1, - 1.1
Pb 217.2 257.6, 66.8
5 - 15
Zn
Pb
1.9
14.2
6.9,
44.0,
0.5
- 2.4
*Based on Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test.
10-113
-------
As shown by the results of the surface soil investigation, the Bulk Mail
site had the greatest accumulation of Cu, Cd, and Zn of any study site. The
results of the depth study substantiated this conclusion (Figures 10-67 through
10-70). In fact, one observation was recorded in the 0-5 cm interval for each
of the study metals that was much greater than any value observed during the
surface study. This is not surprising since the depth samples were basically
point samples, while the surface samples were composites from a larger area.
The probability of an extreme observation is much greater for the point samples.
Even though the concentrations of trace metals in the surface soil layer
were very large, the movement of the metals down through the soil profile was
minimal. Significant differences between the Cd concentrations of the control
and basin soils were not detected below the 0-5 cm soil layer (Table 10-20,
Figure 10-67). Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests showed, with decreasing confidence as
depth increased, that the Cu concentrations of the basin soil were greater than
the Cu and Pb concentrations of the control soil. At the 30-60 cm depth inter-
val, the null hypothesis of equal Cu or Pb concentrations could not be rejected
(Table 10-20). Except for the 15-30 cm interval, test results indicated very
confidently that Zn concentrations were greater in the basin soil than control
soil (Table 10-20). However, all of the intervals below the surface layer that
had enrichment of any of the study metals, the differences were very small com-
pared to the large metal concentrations of the 0-5 cm interval (Table 10-21).
For example, the estimated median difference between the Zn concentrations of
the basin and control soils from the 5-15 cm interval was only 2.7 percent of
the estimated median difference for the surface layer (Table 10-21). The Zn
differences at the lower depths represented even small percentages of the sur-
face layer Zn accumulation.
10-114
-------
Table 10-20. Results of Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests of
differences between soil trace metal
concentrations of basin and control sampling
zones at various depths; Bulk Mail detention
basin site.
Wilcoxon Rank* Level of **
Depth/Metal (on) Sum Statistic Significance
0-5
Cd
In
Cu
Pb
5-15
Cd
In
Cu
Pb
15 - 30
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
30 - 60
Cd
Zn
Cu
Pb
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
23.0
29.0
27.0
28.0
22.0
24.0
24.0
25.0
23.5
30.0
13.0
23.5
.008
.008
.008
.008
.278
.016
.056
.032
.365
.206
.206
.143
.242
.008
> .548
.242
sum for basin sampie.
**Ha: Soil trace metal concentration from basin
greater than control area.
NOTE: For basin samples, n = 4; control samples, n = 5.
10-115
-------
Table 10-21. Estimates of trace metal concentration
differences between basin and control
soils at various depths; Bulk Mail
detention basin site.*
Depth/Metal
(cm)
0-5
Cd
Zn
Cu .
Pb
5 - 15
Zn
Cu
Pb
15 - 30
Zn
Cu
Pb
30 - 60
Zn
Estimate of
Median Diff.
(ppm)
7.71
539.7
44.7
268.3
14.7
1.4
6.9
3.6
0.4
1.8
5.0
95% Confidence
Interval
(ppm)
19.24,
1484.9 ,
152.0 ,
786.8 ,
110.6 ,
5.2 ,
48.4 ,
36.5 ,
1.5 ,
11. S ,
10.6 ,
6.28
395.2
32.2
215.8
2.5
- 1.6
- 2.4
- 1.3
- 1.1
- 1.6
- 0.9
*Based on Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test.
10-116
-------
Discussion - Surface Soils
Grassed Swales. The statistical analyses revealed cases of clearcut enrichment
in grassed swales for two trace metals, Zn and Cd (Table 10-6). The enrichment
occurred at the two swale study sites probably the least likely to have espe-
cially high concentrations of trace metals in urban runoff, the Fairidge and
Stratton Woods sites. These residential areas had not been in existence very
long, they had low intensity urban land uses and they had small traffic volumes
(Table 10-2). Yet, very large accumulations of Zn were observed In the swales
of both sites and significant accumulation of Cd in the Fairidge swales (Figures
10-13, 10-14 and 10-18). In the same areas, Cu and Pb had typical roadside pat-
terns of decreasing metal concentrations with increasing distance from the road,
and in general the concentrations were not exceptionally large (Figures 10-15,
10-16, 10-19 and 10-20).
The residential trends were especially surprising in light of the Rt. 234
swale results. The highway median swales had been in operation several years
longer, and were exposed to much greater traffic volumes than the residential
sites, but none of the study metals had accumulated in the median swales to con-
centrations significantly greter than the road zone concentrations (Table 10-2
and 10-6). Actually, the Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations in the Rt. 234 swales
seemed to be much the same in the road zone (Table 10-6). Perhaps stormwater
runoff had increased the concentrations of these three metals in the swales to
equal those near the road. If so, the pattern of decreasing metal con-
centrations in the soil with increasing distance from the road had been broken.
However, if accumulation of metals had occurred, it was small compared to the Zn
accumulation in the swales of the residential sites. Another interesting obser-
vation was that the soil Zn concentrations at the Rt. 234 site had approximately
the same range as the Stratton Woods soil Zn concentrations, whereas the soil Pb
concentrations were one or two orders of magnitude greater at the Rt. 234 site
10-117
-------
(Figures 10-18, 10-20, 10-22, and 10-24).
If automobile and roadway pollutants were the primary source of trace metals
at all three sites, the results were illogical. Logic seemed to demand that
additional sources of Zn were present at the residential swale sites. The
results of the additional surface soil sampling in the residential swales pro-
vided strong evidence that the galvanized steel culverts under each driveway
were the latent sources. At the swales sampled, the Zn concentrations decreased
with increased distance downslope of the culverts (Figure 10-28). The Thei1
regression equation slope estimates of approximately 16 ppm per m for the
Fairidge site and approximately 6 ppm per m for the Stratton Woods site
demonstrated the sharp change with distance (Table 10-8). 'By contrast, galva-
nized material was not used at the Rt. 234 site, but rather concrete pipe or
ditches transported runoff between swales.
The results established with reasonable certainty that Zn enrichment of the
residential swale soil was the result of Zn leaching from the galvanized
coatings of the culverts as runoff passed through the pipes. Likewise, the
metal was then transferred to the soil while the runoff passed over the soil
surface or as the water infiltrated into the soil profile. The occurrence of
acid rainfall (and therefore acid runoff) in the eastern United States has been
well-documented, and rainfall precipitation pH measurements by the Occoquan
Watershed Monitoring Laboraory in the Northern Virginia area are frequently as
low as 3.5. The acid precipitation has probably reduced pH levels of runoff
waters and contributed significantly to the leaching process by increasing the
solubility of Zn.
The accumulation of Zn in the swales at the Fairidge site were much greater
than at the Stratton Woods site (Figures 10-14 and 10-18). An obvious factor in
the difference in the Zn concentrations was the age difference between the two
10-118
-------
developments (Table 10-2). When time is considered as a factor, however, the
Fairidge site still had a greater rate of Zn concentration increase (Table
10-9). Two factors that might explain the differential Zn accumulation rates
are watershed slope and swale length. As observed in the field, the roads and
watershed in general has a significantly greater slope at the Fairidge site.
Therefore, a greater percentage of precipitation was probably delivered to the
swales and culverts as runoff at the Fairidge site. The swales are generally
longer at Stratton Woods than Fairidge and thus, there are fewer culverts per
unit length of swale to contribute Zn.
Cadmium, Cu, and Pb concentrations in the soils also showed signs of being
related to galvanized culverts (Table 10-7 and 10-8). Cadmium and Pb had small
but significant equation slopes for the Thei1 regression model of concentration
decrease with distance from culverts for the Fairidge site; Cu had a small but
significant slope for the Stratton Woods site. The culverts were probably
contributing minor amounts of trace metals, possibly impurities in the galva-
nized coatings, other than zinc. The variation in which metals had significant
decreases with distance from culverts for a given site may have been a function
of the manufacturer. That is, different manufacturers would likely use dif-
ferent zinc ore and impurities in the areas would probably vary from source to
source.
Detention Basins. Clearcut differences among the land use characteristics of
the detention basin watershed were reflected in the accumulation patterns of
trace metals in the basin surface soils. The Stedwick watershed was comprised
of primarily clustered residential developments, roads, and open space (Table
10-3). Lead and zinc accumulated moderately in the basin surface soil of this
site (Figures 10-30 through 10-37). Uith a watershed dominated by roads and a
10-119
-------
parking lot that was heavily used by large trucks, the Bulk Mail site had the
greatest accumulations of Cu, Cd, and Zn of any study site and zinc was found in
the greatest concentrations of any of the study metals (Table 10-3, Figurs 10-38
through 10-43). The KMart basin watershed was mainly the KMart shopping center
parking lot (Table 10-3). In the surface soils of this basin, the largest Pb
concentration of any detention basin site was found while zinc was the second
most abundant metal measured at the site (Figures 10-48, 10-49, 10-52 and
10-53).
Although the trace metal concentrations were much larger at the KMart site,
the general patterns of trace metal accumulation of the KMart and Stedwick basin
were similar. In each case, Pb was the major metal, with an important Zn com-
ponent. Cadmium, while present in low concentrations, had increased signifi-
cantly relative to background levels. Copper either did not show signs of accu-
mulation or had only small increases compared to background levels.
The common factor for the two sites was the automobile. For the Washington,
D.C. area, Helsel ^t_£l_. (10-10) noted that Pb and Zn were the main trace metal
contaminants in urban runoff and that Pb and Zn concentrations in stormwater
runoff were positively correlated with the traffic volumes and the percent
impervious cover of monitored catchments. Even though the Stedwick site was a
year older than the KMart site, the higher metal concentrations observed at the
KMart site were hardly surprising because it had a much greater traffic volume
and greater impervious surface area than the Stedwick site. The similar
ordering of trace metal concentrations at the two sites is evidence that the
trace metal sources at the two sites were the same, i.e., automobiles. Rubber
worn from tires was probably a major source of both Zn and Pb, while motor oil
added additional Zn, and gasoline combustion products contributed the largest
portion of the Pb (10-11).
10-120
-------
The trace metal accumulation pattern for the Bulk Mail basin was unlike the
other two study basins. Zinc was the dominant trace metal, rather than Pb, and
Cd and Cu were observed to have much larger concentrations than at any other
site examined during the study.
The trace metal sources at the Bulk Mail basin must have been at least par-
tially, different in nature, from those at the other two detention basin sites.
During the field sampling, a distinct petroleum product odor was present in the
basin. In places, the iridescent color patterns of some floating petroleum pro-
duct were visible on the standing water in the basin's marshy areas. In addi-
tion to the normal automobile products more typical of roads and commercial
parking lots, the Bulk Mail basin was probably receiving large loads of petro-
leum material from crankcase oil drippings, oil spills, and fuel oil spills.
Crankcase oil has an especially large Zn content and could easily be responsible
for the elevated Zn concentrations in the basin surface soil (10-11). Lead may
have come from the normal sources of gasoline exhaust products and rubber.
Identification of potential Cd and Cu sources is more difficult. Antifreeze is
one of the automobile-related substances that has a very important Cu component
(10-11). The information available concerning Cd is too incomplete to allow
speculation.
Basin topography was an important factor with regard to the spatial variabi-
lity of trace metals. At the Stedwick site, the accumulation patterns were
clear, the greatest metal concentrations occurred where the water backed up most
frequently, that is, near the basin outlet and in depressions and overlfow areas
along the concrete channel (Figures 10-31, 10-33 and 10-37). For most of the
life of both the Stedwick and Bulk Mail detention basins, the primary function
of the structures was runoff quantity control, rather than control of water
quality. The fairly recent change of the outlet structures to allow longer
10-121
-------
detention times at the sites probably has altered the trace metal patterns and
increased the rate of trace metal enrichment in the basin. At the KMart site,
trace metal concentrations were greatest near the inlet, near the outlet of the
structure, and in depressions in the middle of the basin. Also, the steep side
slopes showed signs of trace metal enrichment from the impoundment of runoff
from large precipitation events (Figures 10-47, 10-49, 10-51, and 10-53). At
the Bulk Mail site, the outlet of the basin was not a zone of accumulation but,
instead, the area of large trace metal concentrations were in the midpart of the
basin. Runoff did not seem to have backed up frequently at the basin outlet,
but had dissipated primarily in the interior of the basin.
Results - Depth Investigations
The results of the depth studies demonstrated that accumulation of the study
trace metals was limited primarily to the surface soil sampling zone for all BMP
sites. Any additional accumulation was almost always limited to the 5-15 cm
depth sampling interval. Researchers working with the application of metals in
the form of sewage sludge have reached similar conclusions (10-12, 10-13,
10-14). Also, the results are compatible with the research findings of
Nightingale (10^15). He found that large concentrations of In, Pb, and Cu were
limited to the surface 5 cm of soil in California stormwater detention basins
and that background levels were reached by the 15-30 cm soil depth interval.
The one instance of trace metal movement below the 15 cm interval at the
swale drain sites was for Cd at the Fairidge site (Table 10-15, Figure 10-55).
The downward movement of Cd is not surprising. Of the study trace metals, Cd
and Zn are normally the most mobile in soil environments. Since the mobility of
Zn and Cd are roughly equivalent, it was surprising to see the movement of Cd
without strong evidence of Zn leaching. Especially since the surface con-
10-122
-------
centrations for Zn were greater than those of Cd. However, the Cd concentration
increases were small.
The conditions at the Bulk Mail site seemly should have been very conducive
to the downward migration of trace metals. Based on the surface soil study, if
any of the study sites were going to have leaching problems, Bulk Mail should
have been the one. The concentrations of Cd, Cu and especially Zn were very
high in the surface soil and a large part of the basin was submerged for long
periods of time, a situation conducive to the production of organic compounds
that can form soluble complexes with trace metals. Organic pollutants, in the
form of petroleum products were also present and could have potentially
increased the metal solubility as well. Further, the soil profile was very
sandy 25 cm below the soil surface or deeper.
In spite of all the conditions, serious leaching was not a problem. There
was no significant statistical evidence of the downward movement of Cd, while Cu
and Pb concentration differences were small or did not exist below 15 cm. Zinc,
had hugh surface concentrations but, by the 30-60 cm sampling interval the con-
centrations were no more than 10 or 11 ppm greater in the basin soil than in the
control soil (Table 10-21).
Several mechanisms were in operation that prevented the large-scale downward
movement of trace metals. First, the organic load of the urban runoff was pro-
bably not great enough to create the anaerobic conditions necessary for acce-
lerated biochemical production in the basin soils, even with long periods of
submersion. Also, the high clay content surface soil layer prevented rapid
infiltration to the sandy soil beneath. In fact, marsh areas were typically
underlain by a very clayey layer and below the clay was a region of unsaturated
sandy sediments with lower clay contents. The slow downward movement of water
combined with large CEC values, organic matter, and the clay content of the sur-
10-123
-------
face soils probably prevented the leaching of trace metals.
If during the construction of the basin the soil had been excavated deep
enough to expose the underlying sandy sediments, the rate of downward movement
of trace metals in the soil profile probably would have been much greater. The
soil infiltration rate would have been greatly increased, thereby eliminating
the marshy areas and decreasing the quanitity of runoff leaving the basin. If
the sandy sediments were at the surface, the basin could handle larger volumes
of runoff and eliminate most surface runoff, but there would be a much greater
likelihood of the trace metals exhausting the soils sorption capacity and conta-
minating the ground water.
Summary
The results of this phase of the study seemed to indicate that the use of
grassed swale drains and detention basins to control urban stormwater runoff has
few harmful effects to soil with respect to the trace metals Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb.
The field investigations revealed little evidence to show that these metals
accumulated in swale drains due to contributions from urban runoff. The metals,
especially Pb and Zn, were found to accumulate in the surface soils of the
basins, but if any downward movement of these metals occurred, it was very
small. This finding is not surprising in view of the fact that the exchangeable
fractions of these metals for soils and incoming stormwater solids were small.
The conclusion that the accumulations of trace metals in the detention basin
soils were not harmful is certainly a relative judgement. For the BMP sites,
several factors must be considered. As mentioned above, for the time and con-
ditions of the current study, leaching to ground water did not appear to be a
problem. Also, the land used for the study BMP's, and most other stormwater
control structures, were not in prime agricultural areas, but-in urban environ-
10-124
-------
merits. Food is not produced from these areas, so there is little food chain
hazard associated with the trace metal accumulations. The primary concern with
regard to the trace metal accumulations may be the additional increase of trace
metals in the urban environment as a whole. Daily trace metal insult to humans
may have chronic effects that have yet to be defined. This potential problem is
not restricted to storm water detention basins, but encompasses the entire urban
area.
The findings of this research project relate to specific areas in the
Washington, D.C. region. The soils of the study sites were generally fine tex-
tured and appeared to have relatively low infiltration rates. The removal of
trace metals from urban runoff at these sites was primarily a surface phenome-
non. In swale drains, particulate metals may have been removed as the runoff
flowed across the sideslopes of the swales. In addition, a large part of the
total stormwater flow probably moved the downslope swale drains rather than
infiltrating into the soil profile. At the detention basins, stormwater was
generally impounded for short periods of time, but most of the water gradually
escaped through the basin outlet instead of infiltrating into the soil profile.
The primary removal mechanism for metals at the basin site was probably
settling. Other BMP structures with different soils may have very different
trace metal vertical and horizontal distribution patterns. For example, coarse
textured soils would allow the majority of the runoff in BMP structures to move
downward in the soil profile, rather than moving across the soil surface.
10-125
-------
References
10-1 Bragan, R. J., "Memorandum to Working Group for Selection of National
Urban Runoff BMP Monitoring Sites," Council of Governments,
Washington, D.C. (1980).
10-2 Lietzke, D. A., Guide to Soil Taxonomy and Key to Virginia Soils,
Piedmont Division, Virginia Tech Extension Division Publication
MA-218, Blacksburg, 95 p. (1978).
10-3 Kaster, D. L. and Porter, H. P., SgiIs of Prince William County
(associated maps), Prince William County Virginia, Virginia Tech
Agronomy Department, and U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service,
Blacksburg (undated).
in /I n,4.,-~.,~i ^--,---,4.4— c-4i c ,— iir-l i J—4.J- c.-J— ii nffi~i,-\
J.U-T iia v. i
-------
11. Sedimentation and Particle Size Association Studies
Introduction
It was the objective of this sub-study to examine the degree of pollutant
removal attainable by gravity sedimentation of stormwater derived from highly
impervious areas. A laboratory-scale settling column was used to simulate a
full-scale basin. Stormwater samples were collected from three commercial
(shopping center) catchments and used in a series of studies to determine pollu-
tant removals of a variety of constituents of water quality significance as well
as of various particle sizes in suspension.
Methods
The commercial sites selected for study were all located near the Occoquan
Watershed Monitoring Laboratory. This was a requirement in selecting the sites
because of the need to minimize travel time for sample collection. Because of
the large volumes of sample required for settling column analyses, it was not
practical to retrieve them with the automated equipment utilized in the BMP eva-
luations, nor was it possible to collect flow-weighted composites. In summary,
then, the sites selected for this sub-study were not all NURP BMP sites, and the
samples retrieved were manually-collected grabs.
Sampling Sites. The three commercial areas chosen for sampling locations were
Fair Oaks Mall in Fairfax, Virginia, and Manassas Mall and Manassas Shopping
Center in Manassas, Virginia. These sites were selected because of their large
impermeable surface areas. They were also typical of locations in urban regions
where detention/retention basins are used to control runoff.
Fair Oaks Mall is a relatively new covered shopping mall. Samples were
collected from a 60 inch culvert that drains directly into a retention pond
11-1
-------
currently in use. The pond discharges into Difficult Run, which flows into the
Potomac River.
At the Manassas Mall site, samples were taken from a 42 inch storm sewer
that receives drainage from a covered shopping mall. The storm sewer system
discharges to a tributary of Bull Run, which flows into the Occoquan Reservoir.
The final site involved sample collection from a 42 inch culvert under
Portner Avenue in Manassas. This culvert collects runoff from the Manassas
Shopping Center, which is of the strip commercial type, and discharges into a
concrete channel. The channel eventually flows into Bull Run, which discharges
into the Occoquan Reservoir.
Parking and road areas at Manassas Mall and Fair Oaks Mall are cleaned
daily. Manassas Shopping Center is cleaned five days a week. Cleaning prac-
tices at all three sites involve vacuum trucks and sweeping by hand. Table 11-1
lists the sampling sites, their characteristics, and the dates on which samples
were collected.
Sample Collection. Stormwater was collected by retrieving grab samples from the
storm drainage systems during a runoff event. Five 5V2-9«>llon Polyethylene car-
boys were used for collection. The samples were then transported to the
Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory in Manassas, Virginia.
At the laboratory, 4 liters (1.06 gallons) from each of the five carboys
were placed in a sixth carboy to obtain composite samples. Because of the
variations in pollutant concentrations with time and flow, this was done to
minimize any differences in pollutant concentrations between the carboys.
Composited samples were then placed in four Plexiglass columns. The columns
were five feet deep, six inches in diameters, and had quarter inch thick walls.
Each column contained approximately 20 liters (5.28 gallons) of sample. Three
11-2
-------
Table 11-1. Sampling Sites and Sampling Dates
Drainage Area Collection aCleaning Sampling Experiment
Site Acres Site Frequency Date No.
Fair Oaks Mall 54.66 60in. Culvert Daily 6/20/81 3
7/4/81 1
10/23/81 4
Manassass Mall 23.0 42in. Culvert Daily 7/5/81 2
7/26/81 5
8/11/81 6
Manassas Shopping
Center 30.0 42in. Culvert 5 days/wk. 9/15/81 7
aVacuum trucks plus sweeping by hand.
-------
ports on each column were used to withdraw sample at one foot intervals, and at
designated times. A schematic of the column design is shown in Figure 11-1.
The first storm sampled, which was on June 20 from Fair Oaks Mall, was used
as a preliminary sample. This was treated differently from all others in that
only one column was used and only solids, nutrients, and heavy metals deter-
minations were made. Sampling depths were at one, two, and three feet.
Sampling times were zero, two, six, and twenty-four hours. The preliminary
sample was taken to prepare for subsequent analytical procedures and sampling
techniques.
After filling the columns, samples were withdrawn at intervals of either
one, two, and three feet consecutive depths or one, two and four feet. The
sampling began immediately following sample addition and after two, six, twelve,
twenty-four, and forty-eight hours. Samples were collected at the one foot
depth at time zero from each column to determine if any major variations existed
in pollutant concentrations between the columns. This comparison was performed
for five storms.
Sample Analysis. Each sample was analyzed for total suspended solids, volatile
suspended solids, particle size distribution, lead, zinc, copper, nckel, chro-
mium, cadmium, nitrate and nitrite, total and soluble Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammo-
nia, total and soluble phosphorus, and ortho-phosphate. Total and fecal coli-
form bacteria and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand were also examined, but with
less frequency, at zero, two, and twenty-four hours. Chemical oxygen demand
time intervals were at zero, two, twenty-four, forty-eight hours. Total and
soluble organic carbon determinations were made at zero, two, twelve, twenty-
four, and forty-eight hours. All water quality parameters were determined by
the methods of analysis described previously in Chapter 5. All particle size
11-4
-------
r
2'
Ports
2'
L
ffi
•I.D. '
8'
12"
FIG. 11-1. LABORATORY SETTLING COLUMN (41)
11-5
-------
distribution determinations were made using a HIAC Particle Size Analyzer Model
PC-320 (11-2).
Results
The pollutant concentrations in the seven samples varied widely. For example,
the initial TSS concentrations ranged from 15 to 721 mg/L, and the initial COD
concentration range was even greater, from 6.8 to 908 mg/L. By contrast, the
nickel, chrofliiiiiTi and Cadmium concentrations were always less than the 20 U9/'1-
detection limit of the instrument used. In addition, only one sample had a
copper concentration greater than the 20 ug/L detection limit, and it decreased
below the limit after only two hours of settling. The initial concentrations of
the more significant parameters are tabulated in Table 11-2.
Solids. The storms sampled were numbered according to the initial TSS con-
centration because most of the pollutants removed by sedimentation will be
related to the particulate matter in some way. These numbers are cross-
referenced with the sampling sites and dates in Table 11-1. A summary of TSS
removal by sedimentation for all of the experiments is given in Table 11-3. The
concentrations observed at three difference depths were averaged for each
sampling time to obtain the data in this table. The results show that TSS remo-
val was 80% or greater for all tests. They also show that after 6 hours of
settling the highest TSS concentration observed was 40 mg/L, with an average of
25 mg/L, even though there was a very large variation in the initial con-
centrations. After 24 hours, all TSS concentrations were less than 20 mg/L,
which would be equal in quality to the flows discharged by well-operated secon-
dary sewage treatment plants.
Graphical analyses for the performance of the columns in removing selected
11-6
-------
TABLE 11-2. Initial Pollutant Concentrations in Urban Runoff Samples
EXPERIMENT Pollutant Concentrations, mg/L _^___^
NO. TSlCUDTOTBODs TN NH3-N (N02+N03+N) TP TSP PbZfT
1 15 6.8 22 — 2.32 0.20 0.06 0.83 0.72 ND ND
2 35 82 -- -- 1.57 0.07 2.26 G.19 0.06 ND .368
3 38 5.47 1.92 2.14 0.14 0.06 ND .302
4 100 87 23 30 3.11 0.38 0.76 0.45 0.24 .27 .112
5 155 50 9 — 2.03 0.07 0.77 0.25 0.10 .44 .160
6 215 138 17 35 3.00 0.28 0.74 0.48 0.21 .37 .172
7 721 908 322 210 4.44 0.19 0.04 0.82 0.30 .913 .692
No detectable (ND) concentration of nickel, chromium and cadmium, and only one
(No. 7) had detectable copper (75 g/1). No. 4 and No. 5 had 24 million and
240,000 total coliforms per 100 ml., respectively.
11-7
-------
TABLE 11-3. Settleability of Suspended Solids in Urban Runoff
Experiment
No.
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
Total
Suspended
Solids
Concentrati
Sedimentation Time,
Initial
1 C
J. J
35
38
100
155
215
721
2
1 A
1*+
20
24
45
21
67
103
6
14
18.5
16
34
17
40
34
12
13
18
--
30
12
26
30
on, mg/L
hours
24
11
14.5
6
19
9
17
18
48
2
7
-
7
7
9
18
Maximum
%
Removal
87
80
84
93
95
96
98
11-8
-------
constituents were conducted using methods common to the study of flocculant
suspensions (11-1).
The settling of the suspended solids with water column depth and time was
analyzed using isoconcentration lines. Flocculant particles will describe a
curved isoconcentration line whereas discrete particles will produce a straight
isoconcentration line. The resulting curves, shown in Figures 11-2 through
11-8, indicate that the TSS in urban runoff behave like a mixture of discrete
and flocculant solids, with the discrete particles settling out rapidly while
the flocculant solids sometimes did not settle well until the second day. The
degree of flocculation that occurred did not seem to correlate with initial TSS
concentrations. Nonetheless, the time required to achieve a specific % removal
did correlate well with the initial TSS concentration, as the data in Figure
11-9 show. The results indicate that urban runoff TSS can be adequately ana-
lyzed using flocculant settling techniques. It was also generally observed that
removal percentages other than 00% were closely related to initial TSS con-
centration. Figure 11-10 shows a summary of the data at the six hour mark for
all seven experiments. This increase in removal with increasing initial TSS
concentrations is consistent with flocculant settling phenomena.
The volatile fraction (% VSS) of the TSS varied from 23 to 60% initially.
During settling the inorganic fraction usually settled faster than the volatile
(organic) fraction resulting in an increasing % VSS in the solids still
suspended in the water column. These increases ranged from 9 to 36.5%, but with
no correlation with initial TSS. During two of the experiments, Numbers 2 and
4, the VSS settled faster than the inorganic suspended solids and this was par-
ticularly pronounced for Experiment No. 4.
Organic Matter. The removal of COD and TOC that occurred is summarized in Table
11-9
-------
- 14 15 13
- 15 14 13
Initial TSS=15 mg/L
11
12
- 14 12 12
11
TSS CONCENTRATION, mg/L
i
026 12
24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
48
FIG. 11-2. CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS
WITH SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 1 .
11-10
-------
r 2
a.
UJ
o
3 -
4 -
TSS CONCENTRATION. mg/L
02 6
FIG. 11-3.
12 24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS WITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 2.
11-11
-------
3 3
o
oe
LU
»—
- 24 16
Initial TSS=>39 mg/L
TSS CONCENTRATION, mg/L
02 6
FIG. 11-4.
12 24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
48
CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATION MITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 3.
11-12
-------
rr 2
- 44 33 29
s
cc.
TSS CONCENTRATION, mq/L
- 49 38 33
026 12
24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
48
FIG. 11-5. CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS WITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 4.
11-13
-------
1 -
cr 2
3 -
3
oe
- 19.3 14.7 • 13.3
Initial TSS=155 mg/L
TSS CONCENTRATION, rag/L
6.7
026 12
24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
48
FIG. 11-6. CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS WITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 5.
11-14
-------
_ 2
- 62
8
- 73
i i i
TSS CONCENTRATION, mg/L
026 12
24
SETTLING TIME (HOURS)
48
FIG. 11-7. CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS WITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 6.
11-15
-------
- 105
20
19
- 89 31
18
I
18
8 3
- 114 37
29
18
TSS CONCENTRATION, mg/L
02 6
FIG. 11-8.
12
24
SAMPLING TIME (HOURS)
48
CHANGES IN SUSPENDED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS WITH
SETTLING TIME FOR EXPERIMENT 8.
11-16
-------
o
-C
rtj
i
Si
t-
O
40i-
30
20
10
100
200
600
700
300 400 500
Initial TSS Concentration, mg/L
FIG. 11-9. THE EFFECT OF INITIAL TSS CONCENTRATIONS ON REMOVAL RATEiS
800
-------
Sedimentation Time » 6 hours
100 200 300 400 500
Initial TSS Concentration mg/l
600 700
FIG. 11-10.
THE EFFECT OF PARTICLE CONCENTRATION
ON TSS REMOVAL FROM URBAN RUNOFF BY
SEDIMENTATION
11-18
-------
11-4.
COD removal was low for the samples with low TSS concentrations, but was 47%
or greater, with an average removal of 57%, for the four experiments when the
initial TSS was 200 mg/L or greater. TOC % removals were less but generally
followed this trend except during Experiment No. 6. This test had a very high
COD removal but a low TOC removal. It is possible the initial TOC concentration
of this sample was inaccurately measured.
The BODs removal was measured after 2 and 24 hours of settling for Experi-
ment No. 4, 6 and 7. The initial concentrations were 30, 35 and 210 mg/L,
respectively. The % removals after 2 hours of settling were 57, 23, and 56%,
respectively, whereas the removals were 60, 63 and 60% after 24 hours of
sedimentation.
The removal of organic matter could be characterized fairly consistently by
% removals during these experiments but the concentrations remaining in the
water column were quite variable, as were the initial concentrations.
Phosphorus. Table 11-5 summarizes the total phosphorus removal data. The maxi-
mum % removals varied from 42 to 85% with an average of 56%. The 24 hour sample
for Experiment No. 6 was apparently mis-analyzed. If it is ignored, the results
show that removals were nearly complete after 24 hours of settling, and that the
additional removals after 12 hours were relatively small in terms of con-
centration reductions. As with the organic matter, the final concentrations
were very variable, ranging from 0.07 to 0.47 mg/L.
Nitrogen. As shown by Table 11-6, total nitrogen removals during the experi-
ments ranged from 9 to 77% with an average of 32.5%. Removals were substan-
tially higher for the samples with initial TSS concentrations of 100 mg/L or
greater, ranging from 29 to 77% with an average of 47%. The final con-
11-19
-------
Table 11-4. Settleability of Organic Matter in Urban Runoff
EXPERIMENT NUMBER
Settling COD Concentration, mg/L
Time, hrs. 1
Initial 6.8
2 6.7
12
24 4.9
48
Max. %
Removal 28
2
82
72
--
69
47
18
4
87
77
--
66
46
47
5
50
23
—
23
20
60
6
138
77
--
46
47
67
7
908
713
—
455
425
53
TOC Concentration, mg/L
1
22
20.6
--
19.6
—
11
4
23.1
15
14.8
14.1
12.4
46
5
9
6.6
6.6
6.2
4.6
49
6
17
18
16
12
13
29
7
322
311
207
209
203
37
11-20
-------
Table 11-5. Settleability of Total Phosphorus in Urban Runoff
Total Phosphorus Concentration, mg/L
Experiment
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Maximum
Sedimentation Time, hours %
Initial
0.83
0.19
0.14
0.45
0.25
0.48
0.82
2
0.79
0.16
0.12
0.33
0.12
0.32
0.61
6
0.83
0.13
0.10
0.30
0.11
0.26
0.40
12
0.74
0.13
--
0.33
0.12
0.10
0.30
24
0.54
0.11
0.08
0.28
0.12
0.24
0.24
48
0.47
0.09
—
0.26
0.14
0.07
0.28
Removal
43
53
43
42
56
85
71
11-21
-------
Table 11-6. Settleability of Total Nitrogen in Urban Runoff
Total Nitrogen Concentrati
Experiment
No. Initial
1 2.32
2 4.57
3 5.47
4 3.11
5 2.03
6 3.00
7 4.44
on, mg/L
Maximum
Sedimentation Time, hours %
2
2.27
4.36
5.46
2.25
1.32
2.17
1.72
6
2.27
4.32
5.27
2.20
1.31
1.90
1.25
12
2.20
4.13
--
2.34
1.35
2.01
1.23
24
2.12
3.97
4.84
2.37
1.48
1.70
1.03
48
2.62
3.64
—
2.28
1.29
1.64
1.19
Removal
9
20
12
29
36
45
77
11-22
-------
centratlons achieved did appear to be strongly related to the initial TSS con-
centration because the % removed increased as the initial TSS concentration
increased. The final nitrogen concentrations were also influenced by the ini-
tial nitrogen concentrations. Surprisingly, the two highest initial total
nitrogen concentrations observed were in the two samples that had very low TSS
concentrations. Removals from those two samples occurred at approximately the
same rate.
The % removals of TKN were very similar to those of total nitrogen. Nitrate
removals were generally poor as would be expected because they are highly
soluble and have very little affinity for sorbing on paritculate surfaces. The
average reduction of nitrate concentrations in the experiments was less than 10%
although Experiment No. 6 achieved a removal of 27%. Ammonia removals were very
small in terms of concentration and frequently increased during the settling
test. The largest concentration decrease was 0.12 mg/L whereas the largest
increase was 0.19 mg/L.
Metals. The removal of zinc was monitored during six of the experiments. The
results are given in Table 11-7. As shown, the % removals ranged from 12 to 73%
with an average of 44%. Average removal for samples with an initial TSS con-
centration of 100 mg/L or greater was 57.5% with three of the four removals in
excess of 50%. The two samples with the lowest initial TSS concentrations had
high concentrations of zinc and poor removals were obtained. In fact, the final
concentrations in those two samples were the highest observed.
It was possible to monitor lead removal in only four of the experiments, but
the removals obtained were very good. They ranged from 78 to 94% with an
average of 86% . Nevertheless, a residual concentration of 100 pg/L was
observed after 48 hours of settling the sample with the highest concentration.
11-23
-------
Table 11-7. Settleability of Total Zinc in Urban Runoff
Total Zinc Concentration
Experiment
No.
2
3
4
5
6
7
ug/L
Maximum
Sedimentation Time, hours %
Initial
368
302
112
160
172
692
2
353
260
80
53
155
275
6
350
317
80
45
115
193
12
350
—
68
45
113
195
24
350
242
58
43
135
- 195
48
325
--
55
43
130
200
Removal
12
20
51
73
34
72
11-24
-------
The results are shown in Table 11-8.
Coliforms. The coliform concentrations were so high that the dilutions selected
did not yield any usable removal information except for tests No. 4 and 5. In
Experiment No. 4, the total coliforms were reduced from 24 million per 100 ml in
24 hours. A similar reduction was obtained for fecal coliforms with a 24 hour
concentration of 13,000 per 100 ml measured. In Experiment No. 5, the total
coliforms were reduced from 460,000 to 199,000 per 100 ml in 24 hours, but no
reduction in fecal coliforms was observed.
Particle Size. The particle size distribution of all seven of the samples was
measured and the percent of the particles in each size range is given in Table
11-9. The results show that an average of 80% of the total particles were less
than 25 yg in diameter and 57% had diameters less than 15 urn in diameter. It is
of interest to note that 92% of the particles in the most concentrated sample
collected (Experiment No. 7) had diameters less than 25 yg, the highest percen-
tage observed.
Estimates were also made of the fraction of total suspended matter surface
area that was present in specific particle size ranges. This was done by making
the assumption of spherical shape for all particles, and arriving at a represen-
tative diameter for each size range based upon the geometric mean:
Diameter for range = /[largest diameter x smallest diameter)
The total surface area in each range was then determined by multiplying the
number of particle counts by the area of a spherical particle having the
geometric mean diameter. Table 11-10 shows the distribution of surface area
amongst the various particle size ranges for the raw samples. It is interesting
to note that 109 square microns is 1,000 square meters, indicating quite a large
surface area ranges for samples having less than 1 gram per liter of suspended
11-25
-------
Table 11-8. Settleability of Total Lead in Urban Runoff
Experiment
No.
4
5
6
7
Initial
127
144
370
913
Total
Lead Concentration
, yg/L
Maximum
Sedimentation Time, hours %
2
88
25
122
260
6
62
24
116
130
12
67
21
85
120
24
40
15.5
70
100
48
28
9
59
100
Removal
78
94
84
89
11-26
-------
Table 11-9. Particle Size Distribution of Urban Runoff Suspended Solids
Experiment
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Average
Particle Diameter, ym
15
64
48
54
52
54
63
65
57
15-25
21
20
23
23
25
22
27
23
25-35
7
11
10
11
12
9
4
9
35-45
3
5
5
6
4
4
2
4.3
45-55
2
4
3
3
2
1
1
2.3
55-65
1
C
w
2
2
1
1
1
1.7
65
2
C.
\j
3
3
2
1
1
2.3
11-27
-------
Table 11-10. Total Initial Surface Area of Suspended Particles and the Percent of the Total in Each Size Range
ro
CO
Experiment Initial
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
TSS
(mg/L)
15
35
38
100
155
215
721
Initial Total
Surface Area
(microns)^/!.
2.6 x 10/
8
2.3 x 10
7
2.5 x 10
8
5.9 x 10
6
3.0 x 10
5
8.3 x 10
9
2.2 x 10
Initial Percent of Total
5-15
12
1
7
6
9
13
18
15-25
19
7
14
14
20
22
37
25-35
16
10
14
16
22
20
14
35-45
13
9
13
16
12
15
13
Surface
45-55
10
9
11
13
12
9
6
Area in
55-65
8
18
10
10
8
7
4
Ecich Particle Size Range [microns)
65-75
6
8
7
7
5
4
2
75-85
5
10
9
7
4
3
2
85-95
5
8
6
4
3
2
1
95-105
4
9
5
4
3
2
2
105-115
3
9
4
2
2
1
1
-------
matter. Note that the majority of surface area was found in particles of the 15
to 35 micron size range with the exception of the Experiment 2 sample in which
the most surface ara was associated with particles in the 55 to 65 size range.
This distribution remained approximately the same throughout the settling period.
Using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS), Pearson product moment correlation
coefficients were computed between incremental reductions in surface area and
incremental reductions in other sample pollutants (11-3). The data from the
seven available samples were grouped according to initial TSS as follows:
Low - Experiment 1, 2, 3
Moderate - Experiments 4, 5, 6
High - Experiment 7
Correlation coefficients were computed for 8 constituents, and are listed in
Table 11-11. As may be seen, in general, the poorest correlations existed bet-
ween surface area and pollutant removal for the low TSS group. Notable excep-
tions in this group were suspended zinc, total phosphorus, and suspended
phosphorus.
With the exception of total and suspended zinc, the correlations for the
moderate size storms were all quite high. For the single large storm, the
incremental removal correlations were quite high for all constituents. Given
the implied relationship between reductions in surface area and reductions in
pollutant concentrations, it was decided to extend the analysis to incremental
reductions in surface area in each particle size range. This was done to deter-
mine if there were specific associations between selected pollutants and given
particle size ranges.
The analysis was undertaken using the stepwise regression capability of SAS
(11-3). Incremental reductions in surface area in each particle size range were
established as the independent variables. The stepwise regression procedure was
11-29
-------
TABLE 11-11.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERCENT
REDUCTION OF TOTAL SURFACE AREA
AND MATER QUALITY PARAMETERS
Parameter
Total Phosphorus
Suspended
Phosphorus
Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
Suspended
Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
Total Lead
Suspended Lead
Total Zinc
Suspended Zinc
TSS
GROUPING
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
low
moderate
high
Correlation
Coefficient
0.68
0.77
0.95
0.64
0.84
0.95
0.18
0.76
0.98
0.12
0.80
0.98
_
0.81
0.98
_
0.86
0.94
0.48
0.32
0.98
0.97
0.46
0.97
n
38
45
16
38
45
16
38
45
16
38
45
16
—
44
15
_
44
15
24
44
15
24
44
15
11-30
-------
then allowed to select the best one, two, or three independent variable model to
describe reductions in pollutant concentrations. The sample data were also
segregated into low, moderate, and high TSS groupings prior to conducting the
stepwise analysis. The procedure was conducted in such a way as to identify the
highest correlation coefficients for multi-variate regressions having no more
than three independent variables. What this means is that the regression proce-
dure identified the reductions is TSS in the particle size ranges that were most
responsible for the observed reductions in pollutant concentrations.
The results of the stepwise regression procedure are summarized in Table
11-12. One of the most striking things about the data in the Table is the con-
sistency of the results with respect to particle size for the high TSS storm
(initial TSS=721 mg/L). For each parameter investigated, correlation coef-
ficients in excess of 0.87 were observed. Only in one instance (suspended orga-
nic carbon), was a three independent variable model required, and even then the
size ranges selected were all less than 45 microns. In fact, the data in Table
11-12 clearly show that, at least in the high TSS storm, the pollutant asso-
ciations are very strongly skewed towards the small particles. In fact, in all
cases except the one cited initially the association was best described by a
single 10 micron range, all of which were less than or equal to 45 y.
For the low and moderate TSS storms, somewhat poorer correlations were
obtained. Specifically, in the low TSS storms, no strong relationships were
observed for TKN, total zinc, suspended zinc, total phosphorus, and organic
nitrogen. For the moderate TSS storms, poor correlations resulted only for
suspended organic carbon, and total and suspended zinc. In all cases, poor
correlations were produced for oxidized nitrogen forms (nitrite and nitrate) as
these anions do not associate well with the generally negatively-charged
suspended matter surfaces.
11-31
-------
Table 11-12. Relationship Between Reductions in Pollutant Concentration and
Surface Area Reductions in Various Particle-Size Ranges
PARAMETER
Suspended Lead
Suspended
Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
Suspended
Organic
Carbon
Total Lead
Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
Total Zinc
Suspended Zinc
Total Phosphorus
Total Nitrogen
Nitrites and
Nitrates
Organic Nitrogen
TSS
GROUPING
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
Low
Moderate
High
MULTIPLE
CORRELATION
COEFFICIENT
0.86
0.87
0.86
0.79
0.99
0.33
0.98
0.88
0.99
0.06
0.78
0.99
0.37
0.35
0.99
0.36
0.30
0.96
0.52
0.69
0.97
0.73
0.99
0.25
0.07
0.11
0.88
0.99
PARTICLE SIZE
RANGE
(microns)
65-75, 25-35,35-45
15-25
105-115
105-115
35-45
25-35
15-25, 35-45, 5-16
75-85, 35-45, 55-65
35-45
55-65
105-115, 15-35, 35-45
35-45
45-55, 15-25
105-115, 95-105, 75-85
35-45
105-115, 5-15
105-115
15-25
25-35, 55-65, 65-75
25-35, 35-45, 95-105
25-35
105-115, 15-25, 35-45
35-45
5-15
5-15
55-65
105-115, 25-35, 35-45
35-45
NOTE: Particle size ranges are shown in order of importance when more than one
range is listed for a coefficient.
11-32
-------
Using the information provided by the regression analysis, a design
particle-size range can be chosen to be used in developing criteria for the most
efficient removal of pollutants. For example, the reduction of TKN in the
sample with an initial TSS concentration of 721 mg/L would depend on the reduc-
tion of particles in the 35 to 45 micron size range. The design criterion for
reducing TKN concentrations, therefore, would focus on the removal of particles
35 microns or less. Using Stokes1 Law, a settling velocity for a particle with
a 35 micron diameter can be determined and then converted to an overflow rate.
Those particles with settling velocities equal to or greater than the overflow
rate settling velocity will be removed. Particles with settling velocities less
than the overflow rate will be removed in direct proportion of their settling
velocity to overflow rate settling velocity ratio.
Carrying the example further, a particle 35 microns in diameter would have
an overflow rate settling velocity of 143 gpd/ft2 according to Stokes1 Law by
assuming a water temperature of 20°C (y = 1.0007; p = 0.998) and a specific gra-
vity of 1.10. This particular specific gravity was chosen to represent a small
diameter particle. In Figure 11-11, a wide range of specific gravity values were
plotted against the corresponding overlfow rates from Stokes' Law using a par-
ticle diameter of 50 microns. Large specific gravity values would represent
heavy particles such as sands, and the lower end of the scale would represent
smaller particles such as silts. Therefore, a low specific gravity was chosen
for the 35 micron particle used. An overflow rate settling velocity of 143
gpd/ft2 would correspond to a column depth and time interval of four-feet and
5.6 hours. These data could then be used with settling column data for the
stormwater in question to arrive at adequate detention times for the removals
required.
11-33
-------
•o
CL
Ol
-------
References
11-1. Eckenfelder, W. W. and Ford, D. L., Water Pollution Control,
Jenkins Book Publishing Company, Austin and New York, pp. 59-63
(1970).
11-2. Knocke, W. R., Personal Communication, Department of Civil
Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
Blacksburg, Virginia, 1981.
11-3. SAS Institute Incorporated, "SAS User's Guide 1979 Edition."
Raleigh, North Carolina (1979).
11-35
-------
12. Bioavailability of Nutrients
General
It was the purpose of this sub-study to develop data for the examination of
nutrient availability in stormwater runoff from the urban catchments studied.
In addition, it was desired to examine the effects on nutrient availability of
some of the inflow-outflow BMP structures monitored.
This was established as a sub-study goal because of the relative abundance
of information on nutrient transport in urban stormwaters, and the paucity of
information on the availability of those nutrients to biological systems. Such
information is critical, because it is, after all, the nutrient availability
that classifies nitrogen or phosphorus as pollutants, not their respective
concentrations.
Methods
Samples were obtained from splits of the flow-weighted composites collected
at the BMP monitoring stations described in Chapters 3 and 4. Selection of
storms for assay was based, in part, on having sufficient composite volume to
conduct the full range of NURP analyses and to perform the assay. Because of
the limited scope of this sub-study, no attempt was made to assay the availabi-
lity of sediment-bound nutrient forms. The sample aliquots selected for the
algal assays, therefore, passed through an acid-washed glass fiber filter. A
portion was reserved for the algal assays, and an aliquot set aside for nutrient
analyses as described in Chapter 5.
Algal growth potentials were measured on collected stormwater samples using
a modification of the Algal Assay Bottle Test recommended by the USEPA National
Eutrophication Research Program (12-1). The green alga Selenastrum capricor-
12-1
-------
nutum was selected as the test species because of its unicellular nature, inabi-
lity to fix nitrogen, and ease of culture. In addition, the nutritional
requirements and growth dynamics of the organism are well-documented in the
literature (12-2).
Test containers used were 125 milliliter (ml), acid-washed Erlenmeyer
flasks, and were stoppered with sterile cotton plugs to permit gas exchange and
minimize the possibility of contamination. The recommended 40 ml. of sample was
used to insure an adequate surface to volume ratio (12-1). Stock cultures of
Selenastrum capricornutum were maintained in synthetic medium, and the suspen-
sions were transferred on a weekly basis. Because it was desirable to process
as many storms as possible, it was necessary to shorten the length of the assay.
This was accomplished by increasing the inoculum concentration from 1,000
cells/ml to approximately 1.0 mg/1 dry weight, this permitted the test cultures
to reach their maximum growth in 4 to 7 days.
The asssay scheme consisted of two undiluted replicate flasks serving as
controls, a 1.0 mg/1 N03-N addition and a 0.5 mg/1 P04-P addition. While this
phosphorus addition is quite large, it was necessary because of the high
phosphorus concentrations found in the runoff samples. It was felt that if
small additions were made, growth-limitation by phosphorus would be masked in
certain cases by normal variations in flask concentration.
Samples were incubated under 400 foot-candles of continuous fluorescent
light as a temperature of 24 + 0.5° C. Test flasks were swirled daily to insure
maximum availability of carbon dioxide for growth.
Measurement of biomass was conducted by using a Photovolt photofluorimeter
Model 520 modified for use in measuring fluorescence of chlorophyll a_.
Conversion of relative photometric units to biomass was achieved by use of a
12-2
-------
Table 12-1. Algal Assays for MWCOG NURP
STATION STATION NAME
No.
LAND USE
BMP TYPE
YEAR STORM NO.
51UR03 Burke Pond-In Single Family Res. Wet Pond Inflow 1981
51UR04 Burke Pond-Out Single Family Res. Wet Pond Outflow 1981
51UR06 Stratton Woods Single Family Res.
51UR09 Fairidge Single Family Res.
51UR10 Stedwick-In Townhouse/Apts.
51UR11 Stedwick-Out Townhouse/Apts.
Grassed Swales 1981
Grassed Swales 1981
Dry Pond Inflow 1981
Dry Pond Outflow 1981
51UR15 Westleigh-In Single Family Res. Wet Pond Inflow 1981
51UR16 Westleigh-Out Single Family Res. Wet Pond Outflow 1981
51UR17 Burke Village Shopping Center
Ctr.
51UR18 Dafief Single Family Res.
51UR19 Rockville Ctr. Office Building
51UR21 Fair Oaks-Out Shopping Center
Infiltration
Pits
1981
Grassed Swales 1981
Pourous Paving 1981
Wet Pond Outflow 1981
242.0
258.0
242.0
258.0
258.0
335.0
258.0
299.0
258.0
299.0
335.0
242.0
298.0
242.0
298.0
242.0
299.0
335.0
299.1
296.0
299.0
12-3
-------
Table 12-2. Algal Assay Results - MWCOG NURP
BMP TYPE
Wet Ponds
Dry Pond
Infiltra-
tion Pit
Grassed
Swale
Pourous
Paving
STATION
No.
UR03/04
no /c /i a
«.>/ -/ .kv
UR/0/11
UR17
UR06
UR09
UR18
UR19
IN OR OUT
In
Out
In
Out
In
Out
In
Out
In
Out
In
Out
ACTUAL
27.9
1.1
49.3
7.4
IScl
1.2
16.2
21.4
26.5
24.2
8.1
7.0
27.4
12.3
63.6
82.7
44.5
20.7
0.2
Yi P! d ma/1 Drv
"• i i c i m *"y/ i u* j
THEORETICAL-N
29.6
5.3
43.3
9.1
16,3
10.3
22.0
11.8
23.9
25.5
8.7
8.0
23.6
14.4
60.0
82.5
46.4
25.5
33.4
Upiaht
THEORETICAL-P
51.6
4.3
98.9
12.9
60.2
4.3
81.7
25.8
94.6
103
55.9
60.2
47.3
51.5
60.2
331
81.7
154.8
0.0
LIMITING
NUTRIENT
N
P
N
N&P
N
P
N
N&P
N
N
N
N
N
N
N&P
N
N
N
P
12-4
-------
spike exceeded the control flasks by 20% or more, the growth-limiting nutrient
prediction was considered to be confirmed.
Results
A total of thirty algal assays were conducted in the course of the sub-
study. Of that number, nine were discarded because the standing crop did not
approach within 20 percent of the theoretical yield based on the limiting
nutrient coiiiputation. The successful assays are summarized by station and storm
number in Table 12-1.
Table 12-2 also summarizes the assay results, including maximum standing
crop attained and an assessment of limiting nutrient. Miller, et al. (12-3),
proposed the following productivity classes for the maximum yield of Selenastrum
capricornutum:
Low = 0.00 to 0.10 mg/1 dry weight
Moderate = 0.11 to 0.80 mg/1 dry weight
Moderately high = 0.81 to 6.00 mg/1 dry weight
High = greater than 6.10 mg/1 dry weight
Using the above as a guide, it may be seen that all the pond inflows and the
outflows from all other BMP sites except the porous paving site fell into the
high productivity classification. In fact, of the sites mentioned as being in
the high productivity class, the lowest exceeded the threshold by a factor
of 1.3 and the highest by 13.5. It is clear from these results that the
nutrient burden of the urban stormwaters studied (even when only the soluble
forms remain) is sufficient to stimulate the growth of large quantities of algal
mass. This observation is fully consistent with the conclusions of Grizzard, et al
(12-4) from an earlier study in the region.
12-5
-------
Wet Ponds. While the wet pond inflows exhibited consistently high productivity
for the storms sampled (27.4 mg/L dry weight, mean), the outflows showed an
average reduction of almost 70 percent. Also, in two cases, the level of pro-
ductivity was reduced from high to moderately high. In addition, in each case,
the nutrient limitation shifted between the inflow and outflow samples. In all
four inflow samples, nitrogen was found to be the limiting nutrient. In two of
the outflow samples nutrient limitation shifted to phosphorus, and in the
remaining two, to a combination of phosphorus and nitrogen. What this implies
is a shift in the algal-available phosphorus to nitrogen ratio. If this ratio
is greater than 0.088 then nitrogen limitation may be expected, and phosphorus
limitation if the reverse is true. The phenomenon witnessed in the wet ponds
indicates a more efficient removal mechanism at work with respect to algal -
available phosphorus. This is a positive indication, because of the general
existence of phosphorus limited conditions in most receiving waters. For that
reason, the shift to a phosphorus-limited condition is desirable. The removals
of N and P shown in the BMP performance data also generally parallel the algal
growth studies.
Dry Pond. The two assays conducted at the Stedwick site were not very
encouraging. The two storms sampled encompassed a wide range of algal growth
potential, exhibiting inflow standing crops of 26.5 and 8.1 mg/L dry weight.
Over this wide range of inflow stimulation potential, however, the reduction
efficiencies were only 8.1 and 13.6 percent, respectively. This poor perfor-
mance with respect to removal of algal-available nutrients is mirrored in the
BMP efficiency data.
Infiltration Pit. Although no control data are available for the infiltration
12-6
-------
standard curve produced from the stock suspensions, using concentrations
increased by centrifugation and decreased by serial dilution. The standard
curve was checked periodically for the duration of the study and was found to be
an accurate estimate of biomass.
Samples were removed and assayed on a daily basis until maximum standing
crop was attained, and sample aliquots used for analysis were returned to the
test flasks, the sample cuvette was rinsed three times with double-distilled
water after each sample, and was acid-washed before the initial reading each
day. In between samples, the meter was zeroed using double-distilled water as a
reference solution. At the conclusion of the assay, three drops of 1% phe-
nolphthalein solution were added to the test flasks to judge whether or not car-
\
bon dioxide was in limiting supply.
According to results by Shiroyama, et. al. (12-2), the maximum growth
response of Selenastrum capricornutum can be predicted from nitrogen and
phosphorus data in the absence of other growth-limiting nutrients and toxicity.
their research shows that waters containing or exceeding 0.010 mg/1
orthophosphorus can be expected to produce 0.43 mg Selenastrum capricornutum dry
weight per 0.001 mg P/l. For nitrogen, each 0.001 mg/1 of total soluble inorga-
nic nitrogen will yield 0.038 mg dry weight of the alga per liter, the authors
state that actual yields falling within + 20% of the predicted yields are con-
sidered statistically significant.
For the purposes of this sub-study, the predicted maximum yield was calcu-
lated from the orthophosphorus and total soluble inorganic nitrogen data, and
the lower figure was considered to be the maximum theoretical yield. Either
nitrogen or phosphorus was then predicted to be the growth-limiting nutrient
based on the lowest figure for the maximum yield. If the respective nutrient
12-7
-------
pit BMP, it is apparent that the algal growth potential of the outflows was
quite high for the storms sampled. It is also clear that, from a concentration
standpoint, the nutrient supplies were typical for the site. This finding would
cast some doubt on the efficacy of infiltration pits to effectively function as
stormwater quality BMP's beyond their ability to redirect portions of the flow
into the groundwater.
Grassed Swales. As a group, the grassed swales produced the single highest AGP
of any sample in the sub-study. Even discounting that observation, the
remaining yields were all in the high productivity class. As in the section
above, this must cast some doubt on the practice as an effective BMP outside of
its ability to reduce erosion and offsite flow volumes. Uptake of algal-
available nutrients by the grassed waterways appeared to be slight.
Porous Paving. It is unfortunate that more assays were not available for the
porous paving site, because the one that was performed produced the single
lowest yield of the entire sub-study - well into the moderate productivity
range. Examination of the BMP data set for the site, however, showed the con-
centration of phosphorus (the limiting nutrient) for the assay performed to be
typical for the period of record, this is an encouraging result, and projects
many questions about nutrient removal mechanisms at work on the site.
12-8
-------
References
12-1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Algal Assay Procedure: Bottle
Test, USEPA, Corvallis, Oregon, (1971).
12-2. T. Shiroyama, W. E. Miller, and J. C. Greene, Proceedings:
Biostimulation and Nutrient Assessment Workshop, EPA 660/3-75-034,
(1975).
12.3. W. E. Miller, T. E. Maloney, and J. C. Greene, Water Research, 8,
667-679, (1974). s
12-4 T. J. Grizzard, et a!.. Progress in Water Technology, 12, 883-896,
(1980K
12-9
-------
APPENDIX A
FIELD EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
MWCOG NURP
-------
NURP FLOWMETER SPECIFICATION
1. The device shall be a portable, pressure transducer type flowmeter,
operating on 12 vdc, and being capable of obtaining its pressurized gas
supply from either an internal pump or an external pressure-regulated
source. Any required peripheral devices shall be powered from the flow-
meter itself.
2. The device shall be enclosed in a weatherproof case, and all electronic
components shall be sealed and equipped with renewable dessicant cartridges,
3. The device shall be capable of measuring liquid level over a range of 0 to
3 feet, with independently selectable ranges of 1 foot, 2 feet, and 3 feet.
Alternatively, the device shall be equipped, if required by the purchaser,
to operate in ranges of 0-2, 0-4, 0-6 feet. Electronic calibration of
the unit shall be accomplished by front panel adjustment.
4. The device shall be equipped with a modular, replaceable read-only memory
(ROM) that allows an internal storage of stage-discharge relationships
for four flow control sections. The primary device types required shall
be as follows: (1) 90° V-notch weir, (2) Palmer-Bowl us flumes, (3)
Parshall Flumes, and (4) Type-H flumes. The four specific device
combinations and sizes for each ROM shall be detailed by the purchaser.
5. The device shall be equipped with an integral strip chart recorder pro-
viding a continuous record of either stage, or instantaneous flow as
determined from the integral ROM. The recorder shall have a minimum chart
width of 4 inches, and a minimum of three selectable speeds ranging from
one to four inches per hour. Chart paper with a minimum length of 65
feet shall be available for the recorder. The recorder shall have a re-
roll feature to take up chart paper as it is used. The recorder trace
shall be provided to continue recording should the measured instantaneous
flow exceed the full-scale value. In addition to the chart data output,
the flowmeter shall provide a digital front panel LED readout of flow
rate or stage.
6. The device shall provide a calibration control to allow the data output
to be read in any volumetric flow unit. A periodic 12 vdc pulse shall
be provided at three switch selectable increments of flow to activate
an associated water sampler. In addition, upon sampler activation the
device shall place an event mark on the permanent strip chart trace.
The supplier shall provide a separatequote for any peripherals that may
be needed to meet this requirement with sampling devices manufactured by
others.
7. The device shall be equipped with auxiliary data output capability as
follows:
(a) A 4-20 ma signal proportional to instantaneous flow rate.
(b) A 12 vdc pulse in conjunction with the flowmeter sampler initiation
signal.
(c) A 12 vdc pulse output at each tenth increment of total flow.
The external connections for data output shall be of the weatherproof
"Cannon" type. The supplier shall provide schematics identifying the
A-l
-------
pins for each data acquisition point. Any peripherals needed to supply
this capability shall obtain power from the flowmeter.
8. The supplier shall provide a one year parts and labor warranty on the
flowmeter as specified herein.
9. The supplier shall provide 2 days of on-site factory maintenance and
repair training to an individual designated by the purchaser. Transporta-
tion and lodging costs for this item shall be borne by the supplier.
A-2
-------
NURP AUTOMATIC SAMPLER SPECIFICATION
1. The unit shall be a portable, automatic water sampler powered by 12 vdc.
2. The unit shall be weatherproofed to withstand constant exposure to pre-
cipitation and a high humidity environment. In addition, the control
circuitry shall be waterproofed to the extent necessary to allow accidental
submersion without damage. A replaceable dessicant cartridge shall be
provided to minimize exposure of internal components to moisture.
3. The unit shall be sufficiently small to pass through a 30 inch manhole
opening and retrieved from same without tilting.
4. The unit must provide interior space for addition of ice to afford sample
cooling.
5. The unit shall be capable of retrieving a 500 ml sample against a suction
lift of 20 feet with a hose length and I.D. of 25 feet and 3/8 inch,
respectively. The minimum sample transport velocity shall be 3 feet per
second against a suction head of 15 feet.
6. The unit shall be equipped with a distribution system capable of discretely
depositing a minimum of 24 samples in bottles contained in a removable
base.
7. The unit shall be equipped with a set of 24 polypropylene sample bottles
of 1.0 liter capacity each, contained in an integral base. The unit shall
also be equipped with a 15 liter composite bottle contained in an integral
base interchangeable with the 24-bottle base. Two spare sets each of
discrete and composite bottles shall be provided.
8. The unit shall have the capability of collecting up to four (4) samples
of equal volume per bottle and of distributing a simgle sample among as
many as four (4) bottles.
9. The unit shall have the capability of being activated by an external
contact closure or by an internal timing mechnaism. The time activa-
tion shall have as a minimum the following activation intervals:
15 min., 30 min., 1 hr., 2 hr., 4 hr., 16 hr., 24 hr.
10. Upon activation, the unit shall provide an air purge of the sample intake
line both before and after the sample cycle.
11. The sample path following entry into the unit shall at all times have a
sufficient negative slope to prevent suspended material from depositing
on surfaces in contact with the liquid being sampled.
12. The supplier shall make arrangements to provide loaner units to purchaser
on two days notice to replace any failed unit for the duration of the
warranty period.
13. The supplier shall provide for one employee of the purchaser two (2)
days of service and maintenance training for the equipment at the factory
site. Expenses for the training (transportation, food, and lodging) shall
be borne by the supplier.
A-3
-------
14. Upon selection of the successful bidder, all units included in this order
shall be delivered within 45 days of the order date.
A-4
-------
NURP DATALOGGER SPECIFICATION FOR ACQUISITION
OF HYDROLOGIC DATA
1. The device shall be a portable datalogger operating on 12 vdr. provided
by an internal, rechargeable gel-cell battery. The device shall be
enclosed in a weather-proof case and provided with sealed connectors
for all inputs and outputs.
2. The device shall be equipped with a digital cassette recorder designed
for use with a Phillips type 300 foot certified data cassette.
3. A minimum of eight independent channels must be provided for recording
data from external sources. The input signals may be 4-20 ma, 0-12
volt, 0-12 volt pulses, or contact closures. At the time of purchase,
the user will specify the exact combinations of input signals to be
provided. For bid purposes, these may be shown as options where a price
differential is involved.
4. The device shall contain an internal digital clock recording days, hours
and minutes. The device, upon initiation of a data scan, must record
time data along with channel values to the digital cassette.
5. The device must have a switch-selectable scan rate of 1, 5, 10, 30, in
60 minutes. In addition, the device must initiate a scan of all channels
upon the input of a contact closure or a 12 v. pulse (at the purchaser's
option) from another channel.
*
6. The supplier shall provide interface cables for associated instruments.
Details for the interfaces will be provided by the purchaser.
7. The supplier shall provide an operator's manual, maintenance manual, and
four certified digital cassettes for each device.
8. The supplier shall provide on-site orientation for purchaser's staff in
device use maintenance, and routine troubleshooting. The supplier shall
warrant equipment performance for one calendar year from installation
date.
A-5
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NURP RAIN GAGE SPECIFICATION
1. The supplier shall furnish a tipping bucket rain gage having a sensitivity
of 0.01 inches of rainfall. The receiver shall maintain accuracy of
95% or better at rainfall intensities of up to 6 inches per hour. The
rain gage shall provide a momentary contact closure from a mercury switch
to two output terminals.
2. The receiver shall be equipped with brackets to enable it to be firmly
secured to a mounting surface.
A-6
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NURP EVENT ACCUMULATOR SPECIFICATION
1. The supplier shall furnish an event accululator powered by 12 VDC, for
use with a tipping bucket rain gage.
2. The device shall produce an output voltage proportional to the number of
contact closures occurring accross its input terminals. The full scale
output voltage range shall be 0 to 5 VDC. The device shall accumulate
1,000 contact closures, at 0.005 VDC per closure, prior to resetting
the output voltage to zero.
3. The device will be supplied with a manual reset to zero capability, and
shall be designed in such a way as to facilitate field calibration.
A-7
-------
NURP SPECIFICATION FOR WET/DRY SAMPLER
1. The supplier shall provide an automatic wetfal1/dryfall sampler operating
on 12 VDC.
2. The equipment shall have separate collectors for dryfall and wetfal1
sample deposition. Samples shall contact no metallic surfaces in either
collector.
3. The sampler shall have equal cross sectional areas exposed to the atmosphere
for both wet and dry collectors. Upon sensing the onset of precipitation
the device shall close the dryfall collector to the atmosphere and expose
the wetfall side. Upon sensing the end of precipitation, the device shall
reverse the sequence.
4. The supplier shall provide one spare set of replaceable containers, one
each for both wetfall and dryfall collection.
A-8
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NURP SPECIFICATION FOR FIBERGLASS ENCLOSURES
1. Molded, one piece construction of reinforced polyester, ready for instal-
lation.
2. Minimum inside dimensions 36 inches length, 34 inches width and 50 inches
height; comparable to Western Power Products Model 42-2.
3. Lift-off door engaged with lip type fastener.
4. Two louvres, each approximately 4 inches square.
A-9
-------
APPENDIX B
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
FOR THE
OCCOQUAN WATERSHED MONITORING LABORATORY
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
AND STATE UNIVERSITY
9408 PRINCE WILLIAM ST.
MANASSAS, VA 22110
-------
INTRODUCTION
The data produced in any analytical laboratory are not an end in themselves,
but will presumably be interpreted to provide a basis for management decisions
and further action. It is therefore imperative that such data be reliable.
Reliability, in turn, can be adequately established only through an organized,
routine program of quality assurance.
In the evaluation of any scientific data, both accuracy and precision are of
concern. The former represents how well the measured data agree with the true
(but usually unknown) value, while the latter indicates the reproducibility of
the measurement. These characteristics are dependent upon variables introduced
during the course of analysis which are related to the sampling procedure, the
analytical methodology employed, the instrumentation used, and the analyst
himself.
The errors which are present in any datum may be conceptually classified as
random or systematic in nature. Random errors are those which are equally
likely to affect the datum in a positive or negative manner, thus giving no
inherent bias to the result. This type of error may be described by a normal
statistical distribution. Another type of error, however, may be regarded as
systematic in nature. Such an error may result in a consistently high or low
result, such that it is not due to chance alone. It may be due to technician
error, equipment malfunction or a number of other causes. While random errors
will be present in any analysis, systematic errors can be identified and elimi-
nated. One of the goals of a quality assurance program is to eliminate such
systematic error from reported data.
A program of quality assurance (QA) is carried out by the Occoquan Watershed
Monitoring Laboratory (OWML) to insure the reliability of the data produced in
the course of all its investigations. The program, of course, concerns itself
B-l
-------
with analytical procedures but also with the maintenance and calibration of
field equipment, sample identification, data logging and other activities which
impinge upon the production of a representative, reliable data base. The
following pages are intended to document the individual aspects of the QA
program, and to indicate how the reported laboratory results may be used with
confidence.
Field Operations
Quality Assurance in the field is often neglected, yet it is obvious that a
valid analytical result can only be had if a representative sample is taken, and
if reliable field data are available. The primary field equipment employed con-
sist of flow control sections, flowmeters and automatic samplers.
All monitoring sites utilized are serviced regularly, at which time several
check procedures are carried out. The batteries which provide power to the
monitoring equipment are replaced with freshly charged ones. The automatic
samplers are checked to a ssure a full complement of bottles is ready to receive
samples, and for proper operation of the sampler. Specific check procedures are
incorporated into a written log by field personnel on site visits.
The flowmeters are checked to assure correct zero (both mechanical and
electronic) in the field. The recording mechanism is tested for correct ten-
sion, pen span and speed, and labeled accordingly. The chart paper supply is
also checked, and replaced as needed. Data loggers, if present, are checked out
and cassette tape supply examined.
The flow control sections utilized have been constructed to exact dimen-
sions, and carefully installed in a manner to provide an upstream control sec-
tioin. Particular attention was paid to leveling the apparatus. Although self
cleaning to a large extent, the flumes are mopped out and the stilling well
flushed during site visits by field personnel. Each flume is checked on a bi-
B-2
-------
monthly basis to assure the proper orientation is maintained.
Immediately following storm events, samples are retrieved from the various
monitoring sites. All sample containers are labeled in the field and returned
to the laboratory and logged in. Transport time is minimized. At the same time
the samples are transported, the record charts and tapes (if any) from the
corresponding flowmeter are returned. x
Occasionally, spiked samples and preservative blanks are prepared in the
field and returned to the laboratory for analysis. These provide an indication
of any problems with field sampling procedures.
A record is kept in the laboratory on each major piece of field equipment,
so that any continuing problems or malfunctions can be easily discerned. These
records include any repairs or modifications made to the equipment.
Sample Identification and Handling
Samples are taken automatically during the course of a storm and are
retrieved by field personnel. At the time of retrieval the sample bottles are
labeled with identifying information, such as station, time and the sample
sequence number. The samples are then brought back to the laboratory and logged
into the laboratory record by the field technician. At the same time, the
flowmeter record is examined and the sampling points identified so that a stage
may be recorded along with each sample. At this point, the samples may be com-
posited according to flow, or analyzed independently as sequential samples. All
samples are refrigerated until the analyses are carried out. Samples are often
composited automatically in the field when the appropriate equipment is present
in the station. The flow data checks carried out are very similar to the above.
The laboratory record is routinely checked by the laboratory supervisor to
determine if all the required analytical work has been completed. If the work
B-3
-------
has been completed satisfactorily, he initials the record book and has the
samples discarded.
Data Processing
As samples are analyzed for the parameters of interest, the results and
corresponding calculations are entered into analytical bench notebooks, dated
and initialed by the analyst. All data are screened for gross errors and com-
patibility at this time, and analyses are rerun if necessary.
The automated analyzer used by the OWML is interfaced with a microcomputer
so that the raw data are stored on a diskette as they are generated. This
system allows the technician to assign identifying descriptive data to each
sample so that a complete record is generated upon analysis. This process mini-
mizes data handling and reduces transcribing error in the analytical process.
It also eliminates the possibility of the analyst intentionally biasing the
data, because once recorded on diskette, the information cannot be changed. The
editing of data can be accomplished, but is outside the responsibilities and
capabilities of the bench technicians employed.
Data are recorded on individual computerized files according to sampling
site. Retrievals are obtained on a regular basis and proofread to guard against
keypunching errors and to assure data integrity. Computer storage is done in a
manner to allow later minipulation and statistical analysis. Both a backup com-
puter file and hard-copy permanent record are maintained of all data generated.
Control of Analytical Performance
The theory of control charts was developed over a half-century ago by Walter
Shewhart to evaluate the quality of products from manufacturing processes.
(Grant, 1974; U.S. EPA, 1972). Simply put, a chart can be constructed on the
basis of statistical calculations such that an indication is given as to whether
B-4
-------
the errors observed are random or systematic in nature, as well as their rela-
tive magnitude. An unexpectedly high random error or a systematic error would
be reason to suspect something to be wrong with the process. At this point the
N
process is said to be "out-of-control" and is stopped until the problem is
resolved. A process which is seen to be within the limits expected due to
natural, random error is termed "in control." Such charting techniques can be
used in analytical laboratories to insure that both the precision and accuracy
of the various analyses are acceptable, or "in control."
Precision
The precision of a particular analytical method must be determined by the
analysis of replicate samples. The intial precision criterion for a particular
analytical procedure should be developed from replicate results accumulated
during the routine analysis program. One reference (EPA, 1972) suggests a mini-
mum of 15 replicate sets be used for this purpose.
After a minimum number of replicate samples has been analyzed, the range of
each set of results may be calculated. For a replicate set of two samples.
R - Hi - X2] (1)
where R = The absolute difference in
results between the replicate
set " ".
The mean range (R~) may then be calculated by summing the individual ranges
and dividing by the number of replicate sets:
ZR
Tf = — (2)
where n = no. of replicate sets
The Upper Control Limit on the range (UCLR) can then be calculated according
to the formula:
UCLR = D4"JT (3)
B-5
-------
The factor 04 is dependent upon the size of the replicate group (Table 1). For
duplicate samples 04 is 3.27 when three standard deviations are used to fix the
UCLR.
By plotting the individual ranges from a replicate measurement on a chart on
which the UCLR has been drawn, it can be determined whether or not a given pro-
cedure is statistically in or out of control. A range above the UCL is con-
sidered an indication of an out-of-control procedure. In such an instance the
observed error is greater than what would be expected from random sources alone,
and the analyses would be stopped until the problem was resolved. Questionable
data would be discarded, and the analyses rerun if possible.
Note that for the particular instance of laboratory precision a lower
control limit is not required because there are no adverse economic or scien-
tific consequences of improved precision. Therefore only the Upper Control
Limit need be of concern here.
Sometimes an Upper Warning Limit on the range (UWLR) is calculated in addi-
tional to the UCL. The UWLR provides another reference point for process
control. If the range of a replicate set is found to be greater than the UWL it
is commonly taken to signify a potential problem developing. The process is not
stoped, but is watched more closely. An Upper Warning Limit for the range
can be calculated according to the formula:
UWLR = (2D4+1) (4)
A typical graph resulting from this procedure is shown in Figure 1.
Accuracy
The evaluation of analytical accuracy is usually accomplished through the
use of "known" samples, or standards. In the analysis of environmental samples
this task is often accomplished by recovery of the analyte from a spiked sample,
B-6
-------
i.e., a sample to which a known amount of the analyte has been added. Shewhart
control charts can then be used in conjunction with these procedures to assure
that laboratory accuracy continue under control.
Use of Analytical Control Charts
Control charts are constructed in accordance with the procedures outlined
above, thus providing a continuing check on the precision and accuracy of the
analyses. A separate chart for both precision and accuracy is required for each
analytical procedure.
The data required for the construction and subsequent use of the control
charts requires the analysis of both replicate and spiked samples. Although the
use of field spikes is often desirable, the compositing of samples in the
laboratory makes this an awkward and burdensome chore. Therefore, spiked
samples are routinely prepared in the laboratory and only occasional field spi-
kes are carried out as a check on collection and sampling procedures. For auto-
mated analyses, using a standard tray with a capacity of 40 samples, two sets of
duplicate samples and two spiked samples are analyzed, these are interspersed
in the analytical sequence so as to produce an early indication of poor perfor-
mance. These samples alone represent 15% of the samples analyzed.
The initial collection of quality assurance data provides a basis for calcu-
lating the applicable limits needed to construct a control chart for each analy-
tical parameter of interest. The results are recorded as obtained in a per-
manently bound laboratory notebook reserved for QA samples. When control limits
are periodically calculated a control chart is constructed in the same notebook.
The QA results are plotted on the control chart at the same time they are
entered into the notebook. At that time it is also noted whether the process is
in control or not. In the later instance the analytical process is halted until
B-7
-------
the problem is resolved, and appropriate remarks are entered in the QA notebook.
A particular procedure is deemed out-of-control if:
1. A control limit is exceeded on either precision or accuracy
control charts.
2. A sequence of seven values fall on same side of the mean value
line on an accuracy control plot.
Warning Limits on the control charts are used to identify the development of
potential problems in an analytical procedure. An analysis is more closely
observed under either of the following conditions:
1. A warning limit is exceeded on either precision or accuracy control
charts.
2. A sequence of sevel values fall on the same side of the mean value
line on an accuracy control chart.
Performance Checks
During the course of analysis, a number of blank samples and standards are
routinely run to verify the operating standard curve and check instrument opera-
tion. Approximately nine of these analyses are run in the course of an auto-
mated analysis with a standard 40 compartment tray. These are in addition to
the replicate and spiked samples required for control chart purposes.
In addition to the use of quality control charts and standards, several
other means are used to insure confidence in the laboratory data produced. For
example, the Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory participates in a round-
robin testing program administered by the U.S. Geological Survey on a quarterly
basis. A performance evaluation is also submitted to the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency on an annual basis, and EPA check samples are run when it is
considered prudent. These activities allow comparisons with the performance of
other laboratories and the identification of any deficiencies.
A minimum of 15 spiked samples is run during normal laboratory operations to
B-8
-------
establish the mean recovery of the analytical procedures. The percent recovery
for any analytical method may be calculated using the formula:
p = 100(0-8) (5)
f
where P = percent recovery
0 = observed value in spiked sample
B = background value (from unspiked sample)
T = added value (spike)
The mean percent recovery (F) and standard deviation (Sp) can be calculated
using the following equations (EPA, 1978b.):
n
ZP
=1
n
(6)
Sp =
1
-1
n
ZP2 -
=1
n
(SP)2
=1
n _
(7)
where n = no. of results.
The control and warning limits are then calculated as follows:
UCL = "F + 3 Sp (8)
UWL = J + 2 Sp (9)
LWL = "P - 2 Sp (10)
LCL =~P - 3 Sp (11)
These values may be used to construct a control chart such as that shown in
Figure 2.
Other checks on laboratory performance are provided by splitting samples
between other laboratories. Continual comparisons are made between OWML results
and those reported by the Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority on effluent streams.
B-9
-------
For some parameters, split samples are analyzed by OWML, the Fairfax County
Water Authority and the Civil Engineering Department at Virginia Tech.
Administration
The Quality Assurance Program for the OWML is under the direct supervision
of a QA coordinator. The QA coordinator is a research associate of the labora-
tory who possesses a graduate degree and laboratory experience. This position
reports directly to the Laboratory Director.
Specific duties of the QA Coordinator include:
1. Administration of the QA plan.
2. Measurement of the precision and accuracy of
analytical procedures.
3. Maintenance of a permanent record of quality
control charts.
4. Identification of training needs and methodology gaps.
5. Coordination of the laboratory quality control
activities with other agencies.
As problems in procedures or analytical accuracy and precision are encoun-
tered, the QA coordinator consults with the laboratory supervisor to identify
the source of the problem.
The resolution of QA problems will be made by the coordinator in concert
with the laboratory supervisor. A report of all such activities is made on a
routine basis to the laboratory director.
B-10
-------
References
1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1972. Handbook for Analytical
Quality Control in Water and Wastewater Laboratories. Cincinnati, Ohio.
102 pp.
2. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978a. Minimal Requirements for a
Water Quality Assurance Program. Cincinnati, Ohio. 32 pp.
3. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978b. Quality Assurance Program
for the Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Environmental Samples.
Cincinnati, Ohio. 22 pp.
4. Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, et. al. 1978. Quality
Assurance of Environmental measurements. Information Transfer; !nc=
Silver Spring, MD. 225 pp.
5. Grant, Eugene L., 1964. Statistical Quality Control, 3rd Edition. McGraw
Hill Book Co., New York. 610 pp.
6. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Data Collection Quality Assurance
for the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program. Washington, D.C. 49 pp.
B-ll
-------
APPENDIX C-l
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
FOR
MWCOG NURP
-------
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
RUNOFF MONITORING STATIONS
CODE PARAMETER
STA Station Identification Number (51URXX)
STRMNO Storm Number (Day of Year)
TYPE Type of Sample
1.0 Base Flow Sample
2.0 Storm Runoff Samples
3.0 Grab Samples
Til Date and Time Sample Taken (ODMMMYY:HH:MM)
TI2 Date and Time of Final Sample Collected (composited
storm samples only) (DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
HYD Portion of Hydrograph during which storm sample taken
1 Beginning
2 End
3 Peak
4 Dip
5 Rising
6 Falling
STG Stage (feet)
FLO Flow (cfs)
SAMNO Number of Samples (for sequential samples includes
order taken)
CMT Comments (storm runoff only)
1.0 Complete Storm
2.0 Equipment Hal functions
2.1 Flow Recrorder
2.2 Sampler
2.3 External Sampling Line
2.4 Vandalasm
2.5 Power Failure
3.0 Flow Not Storm Generated
3.1 Snow Melt
3.2 Impoundment Release
4.0 Sample Lost
5.0 Frozen Line or Equipment
6.0 Insufficient Stage Increase to Trigger
Sampling
LpH pH - laboratory (standard units)
LCOND Conductivity - laboratory (pmhos)
LTALK Total Alkalinity - laboratory (mg/1)
TCALK Carbonate Alkalinity - laboratory (jng/1)
LTEMP Temperature - laboratory (°C)
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/1)
Cl-1
-------
DBOD5
B005
DBOD2o
BOD2Q
TSS
TOTS
DTCOLI
TCOLI
DFCOLI
FCOLI
DFSTREP
FSTREP
TKN
SKN
NH3
N023
TP
TSP
OP
EPB
SPB
EZN
SZN
ECU
SCU
EMN
SMN
EFE
SFE
ECR
SCR
ECD
SCO
EN I
SNI
PH
00
Descriptive Biochemical Oxygen Demand- Five Day
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Five Day (mg/1)
Descriptive Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Twenty Day
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Twenty Day (mg/1)
Total Suspended Solids (mg/1)
Total Solids ;(mg/1)
Descriptive Total Coliform
Total Coliform (MPN)
Descriptive Fecal Coliform
Fecal Coliform (MPN)
Descriptive Fecal Streptococci
Fecal Streptococci (MPN)
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Ammonia (mg/1 as N)
Soluble Nitrate plus Nitrite (mg/1 as N)
Total Phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Total Soluble Phosphorus (mg/1 as Px
Soluble Ortho-phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Extractable Lead (pg/1)
Soluble Lead (yg/1)
Extractable Zinc (pg/1)
Soluble Zinc (y9/l)
Extractable copper (yg/1)
Soluble Copper (yg/1)
Extractable Manganese (yg/1)
Soluble Manganese (yg/1)
Extractable Iron (ug/1)
Soluble Iron (yg/1)
Extractable Chromium (yg/1)
Soluble Chromium (vig/1)
Extractable Cadnium (yg/1)
Soluble Cadnium (vg/1)
Extractable Nickel fog/1)
Soluble Nickel (yg/1)
pH - field (standard units)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1)
Cl-2
-------
TEMP Temperature - field (°C)
COND Conductivity - field (ymhos)
PRECIP . Precipitation ( inches)
Description for BOD5 ?OD20 TCOLI FCOLI FSTREP:
G Greater Than
L Less Than
E Equal To
Cl-3
-------
CODE
STA
Til
TI2
PRECIP
PRP DUR
%LpH
LCOND
LTEMP
LTALK
LCALK
DBOD5
BOD5
DBOD2o
BOD2Q
COD
TKN
SKN
NH3
N023
TP
TSP
OP
TOTS
Description for
G Greater Than
L Less Than
E Equal To
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
WETFALL
PARAMETER
Station Identification Number (51WFXX)
Beginning Date and Time (DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
Date and Time of Final Sample Collected
(DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
Precipitation (inches)
Precipitation Duration (minutes)
pH - Laboratory (standard units)
Conductivity - laboratory (pmhos)
Temperature - laboratory (°C)
Total Alkalinity - laboratory (mg/1)
Carbonate Alkalinity - laboratory (mg/1)
«
Descriptive Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Five Day
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Five Day (mg/1)
Descriptive Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Twenty Day
Biochemical Oxygen Demand - Twenty Day (mg/1)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/1)
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Ammonia (mg/1 as N)
Soluble Nitrate Plus Nitrite (mg/1 as N)
Total Phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Total Soluble Phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Soluble Ortho-phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Total Solids (mg/1)
BOD20.:
Cl-4
-------
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
DRYFALL
CODE PARAMETER
STA Station Identification Number (51DFXX)
Til Date and Time Sample Taken (DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
TI2 Date and Time of Final Sample Taken
TOTS Total Solids (mg/m2)
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/m2)
NH3 Soluble Ammonia (mg/m2 as N)
TKN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/m2)
SKN Solubel Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/m2)
N023 Soluble Nitrate Plus Nitrite (mg/m2 as N)
OP Soluble Ortho-Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
TSP Total Soluble Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
TP Total Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
Cl-5
-------
CODE
STA
STRMNO
Til
LpH
LCOND
LTEMP
TKN
SKN
NH3
N023
TP
TSP
OP
COD
TOC
SOC
TSS
DTCOLI
TCOLI
DFCOLI
FCOLI
DFSTREP
FSTREP
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
LYSIMETERS
PARAMETER
Station Identification Number (51LYXX)
Storm Number (Day of Year)
Date and Time Sample Collected (DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
pH - laboratory (standard units)
Conductivity - laboratory (ymhos)
Temperature - laboratory (°C)
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/1)
Soluble Ammonia (mg/1 as N)
Soluble Nitrate plus Nitrite (mg/1 as N)
Total Phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Total Soluble Phosphorus (mg/1 as P)
Soluble Ortho-Phorphorus (mg/1 as P)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/1)
Total Organic Carbon (mg/1)
Soluble Organic Carbon (mg/1)
Total Suspended Solids (mg/1)
Descriptive Total Coliform
Total Coliform (MPN)
Descriptive Fecal. Coliform
Fecal Coliform (MPN)
Descriptive Fecal Streptococci
Fecal Streptococci (MPN)
Description for TCOLI FCOLI FSTREP
G Greater Than
L Less Than
E Equal To
Cl-6
-------
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
HI-VOL FILTERS
CODE PARAMETER
STA Station Identification Number (51HVXX)
DATE Date Sample Taken (YYMMDD)
TKN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (yg/m3)
SKN Soluble Kjeldahl Nitrogen (pg/m3)
NH3 Soluble Ammonia (yg/m3 as N)
'TP Total Phosphorus (ug/m3 as P)
TSP Total Soluble Phosphorus (yg/m3 as P)
OP Soluble Ortho-Phosphorus (yg/m3 as P)
N023 Soluble Nitrate Plus Nitrite (vig/m3 as N)
TSUSP Total Suspended Particulate (yg/m3)
Cl-7
-------
VARIABLE CODE NAMES
NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT
DRYFALL
CODE PARAMETER
STA Station Identification Number (51DFXX)
Til Date and Time Sample Taken (DDMMMYY:HH:MM)
TI2 Date and Time of Final Sample Taken
TOTS Total Solids (mg/m2)
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand (nig/m2)
O
NHj Soluble Ammonia (mg/m as N)
TKN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/m2)
SKN Solubel Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/m2)
N023 Soluble Nitrate Plus Nitrite (mg/m2 as N)
OP Soluble Ortho-Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
TSP Total Soluble Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
TP Total Phosphorus (mg/m2 as P)
Cl-8
-------
APPENDIX C-2
SAS TO STORET TRANSLATION
PROGRAM
-------
RF
t nanca cntl
REGION-AOOK,T 1'ME^IO
//OWMLNGS JOB
/fLONGKEY
/*ROUTE PRINT VM2.OCCUGUAN
/*PRIORITY IDLE
/*JOBPARM LINES=100
//STEP1 EXEC SAS
//MYSAS DD DSN=A51340.NURP2.DBASE.ONLINE,DI!SP-(OLD,KEEP)
//SYSIN DD *
DATA TEMPI;
SET MYSAS. UR03 MYSAS. UR01 MYSAS. LJR02 MYSAS . URO-1 MYSAS.UR05 f1YSA3 . URO&
MYSAS.UR07 MYSAS.UROO MYSAS.UR09 MYSAS .UK' 10 MYSAS.UR11
MYSAS.UR13 MYSAS.UR14 MYSAS.UR15 MYSAS.UR1A MYSAS.UR17?
IF TI2 NE . THEN CVT='B' ;
IF TI2 NE .
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
EPB
SPB
EZN
SZN
ECU
SCU
EMN
SMN
EFE
SFE
ECR
SCR
ECD
SCD
ENI
SNI
<100
<100
<20
<20
<20
<20
<20
<20
<100
<100
<20
<20
<20
<20
<20
<20
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
EFB
SPB
EZN
SZN
ECU
SCU
EMN
SMN
EFE
SFE
ECR
SCR
ECU
SCD
ENI
SNI
NE
NE
NE .
NE .
NE .
NE .
NE .
NE .
NE
NE
NE .
NE ,
NE .
NE .
NE .
NE .
. THEN
. THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
. THEN
. THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
DO; EPEiF<-~'
DO
no;
DO;
DO;
no;
DO;
DO;
DO
DO
DO;
DO;
DO;
DO;
DO;
DO;
; SPUR
EZNR=
SZNR =
ECUR =
SCUR =
EMNR =
SMNR =
:~
f
/
/
/
/
/
?EFER=
rSFER
ECRR =
SCRR =
ECDR =
SCDRa
ENIR =
SNIR--
:-
/
/
/
/
/
/
'K
K'
K'
K'
K'
K'
K'
'K
'K
K'
K'
K'
K'
K'
K'
K
'
i
t
r
y
;
;
'
'
J
;
;
r
;
T
' SPB=100fENDr
EZN=20FENDf
S2N=20FEND»
ECU=20;END;
SCU=20FENDr
t:MN=2o;t:Ni:i;
SMN--20JENDF
: EFE-ioo;END;
SFE=IOO;END;
ECR=20fEND»
SCR=20»END;
ECD=20»ENDJ
Bci:i---2o;END;
ENI=20»END»
SNI=20 SEND;
DATA TEMPIA;
SET MYSAS.HYD03 MYSAS.HYD04 MYSAS.HYD05 MYSAS.HYn06 MYSAS.HYD09
MYSAS. HYD11 MYSAS. HYD15 MYSAS. HYD16 MYSAS . HYD.17
MYSAS.HYD10 MYSAS.HYD18 MYSAS.HYD19J
TIl=TIMEi;
IF TIME2 NE . THEN DELETE;
IF SAMPLE='Y' THEN SAMPLE*'!'?
DATA TEMPIB;
SET TEMPI TEMPIA;
DATA TEMP1C;
SET MYSAS.LY01 MYSAS.LY02 MYSAS.LY03 MYSAS.LY04
MYSAS.LY05 MYSAS.LYOA MYSAS.LY07 MYSAS,LYOB
MYSAS.LY09 MYSAS.LY10J
EZN=TZN;
LCU=TCU;
TMN=TMN;
FFE=TFEJ
LCR=TCRf
'ECD=TCDi
HNI=TNI;
C2-1
-------
JF EPB <100 AND EPB NE
IF SPB <100 AND SPB NE
IF EZN <20 AND EZN ME
IF SZN <20 AND SZN NE
IF ECU <20 AND ECU NE
IF SCU <20 AND SCU NE
IF EMN <20 AND EMN NE
IF SMN <20 AND 3MN NE
IF EFE <100 AND EFE NE
IF SFE <100 AND SFE NE
IF ECR <20 AND ECR NE
IF SCR <20 AND SCR NE
IF ECD
10 AND ECD NE
IF SCD <20 AND SCD NE
IF ENI <20 AND ENI NE
IF SNI <20 AND SNI NE
DATA TEMPin?
SET TEMP1B TEMP1C?
DATA TEMPIE?
SET MYSAS.DF01?
IF TOTS=. THEN DELETE?
. THEN HO»EPBR=='K'
. THEN DO;SPBR---'K'
. THEN IiO»EZNR=--'K'»
. .THEN riOrSZNR='K'?
. THEN DOfECUR-'K';
. THEN Bo;scuR-"'K'r
, THEN DOfEMNR=/K/?
. THEN DO»SMNR='K';
, THEN DOfEFER-'K'
, THEN DOJSFER='K'
, THEN DOJECRR=/K'»
. THEN DO;SCRR='K' r
. THEN DOJECDR='K';
. THEN DO»SCDR='K'f
. THEN DO»ENIR='K' ?
. THEN DOtSNIR='K'f
? E.PB--100?ENn;
? SPB- i oo ; END;
tiZN-::>o,ENDy
£2N-20;END;
CCU.-20iENDt
SCU=20rEND;
E'MN=20»END»
!)MN--2o;ENn;
? EFE- 100 ; END;
; SFE=100»ENDf
ECF«=20fENBf
SCR=20JENBf
ECD=20rENDi
SCn=20FENDf
ENI=20»ENB?
SNI =20 FEND;
TI3=(TI2-TI1)/86400;
IF EPB <100 AND EPB NE
IF SPB <100 AND SPB NE
IF EZN <20 AND EZN NE
IF SZN <20 AND SZN NE
IF FCU <20 AND ECU NE
IF SCU <20 AND SCU NE
IF EMN <20 AND EMN NE
IF SMN <20 AND SMN NE
IF EFE <100 AND EFE NE
IF SFE <100 AND SFE NE
IF ECR <20 AND ECR NE
IF SCR <20 AND SCR NE
IF ECD <20 AND ECD NE
IF SCD <20 AND SCD NE
IF ENI <20 AND ENI NE
IF SNI <20 AND SNI NE
DEPB=ROUND((EPB*,001)/
DEZN=ROUND<(EZN*.001)/
DECU=ROUND((ECU*.001)/
DEMN=ROUND((EMN*.001)/
DEFE=ROUND((EFE*,001)/
DECR=ROUND((ECR*.001)/
DECD=ROUND((ECD*.001)/
DENI=ROUND((ENI*.OOD/
DCOD=ROUND(COD/(TOTS*.
DTOTS=ROUND((TOTS*.001
«
»
t
*
.
,
•
,
*
*
t
*
(
<
(
(
(
(
c
(
. THEN
. THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
. THEN
. THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
THEN
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
TOTS*.
000001)
)
/TI3, .
DO? EPB=100
DO; SPB=IOO
DO? EZN=20 »
DO; szN=2o ;
DO; ECU-=20 y
DO? SCU<=20 ;
DO? EMN=20 y
DO? SMN=20 r
DO? EFE=100
DO; SFE^IOO
no; ECR=2o ;
DO? SCR=20 ;
no; Ecn=2o ;
DO; scn=2o ;
no; ENi=2o ;
no; SNi=2o ;
oooooi) fi>;
oooooi) »D ;
000001) rl>?
oooooi) r D;
oooooi) »D;
oooooi >F D;
oooooi) f i) ;
OOOOOI) rl);
t .D;
D ;
» EPBR=
» SPB
EZNR=
SZNR=
ECUR =
SCUR-
EMNR =
SMNR =
R —
'K
'K
'K
'K
'K
'K
J EFER=
; SFER=
ECRR =
SCRR =
ECDR =
SCBR =
ENIR =
SNIR =
'K
'K
'K
'K
'K
'K
'K'?END;
'K' ;END;
' SEND;
' ;END;
' ;END;
' ;END;
' ?END;
' ;END;
'K' ;END;
' K ' ; END ;
' ;END;
' ;END;
' ;END?
' ;END?
' ;END?
' ;END;
C2.-2
-------
ENH3=ROUND(NH3/(TOTS*.000001),.01)?
ETKN=fv1OUND
C=COMPRESS(D)J
PUT C Qi
NEXTCOL=LENGTH(C)+1J
PUT (? NEXTCOL DATE YYMMDDA. @',
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOLi6f
PUT 0 NEXTCOL H 22. Bi
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL+2;
PUT (? NEXTCOL hM 22, &r
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL-H>;
C2-3
-------
IF CFS NE , THEN DO!
A='p6i>'::CFS::',';
LINK COM;
L:ND;
IF STRMNO NE . THEN DO;
A='Pi34t'::STRMNO::',•;
LINK COM;
END;
IF RAIN NE . THEN DOr
A='Pi93i':IRAIN::',' ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF SAMPLE ='!' THEN DOr
A='P2?»':ISAMPLE::'»';
LINK COM;
END;
IF LTALK NE . THEN DOf
A='P4iOr'::LTALK::',• ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF LCALK NE , THEN DO;
A='P430r'::LCALK::'»';
LINK COM;
END;
IF LPH NE . THEN DO;
A='P403f'::LPH::',';
LINK COM;
END;
IF LCOND NE , THEN DO;
A='P95»':ILCOND::',';
LINK COM;
END;
IF PRECIP NE . THEN DOr
A='P8238i»'::PRECIP: ;', ",
LINK COM;
END;
IF BOD5 NE , THEN DO i
A='P310» ' ! !BOD5! ,'DBODS ! i ' r ' ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF TSS NE . THEN DO;
LINK COM;
END;
IF TOTS NE . THEN DO;
A='P500,':ITOTS: :' r';
LINK COM;
END;
IF DTOTS NE . THEN DO;
A='P82375»'::DTOTS: :', •',
LINK COM;
END;
Q2-4
-------
£=','»
F=COMPRESS(E> »
PUT F @f
rtEXTCOL=NEXTCOL + LENGTH(F> J
IF TI2=. THEN GO TO JUMP?
PUT 0 NEXTCOL DATE2 YYMMDDA. (? i
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL+6f
PUT 0 NEXTCOL H2 22. 0;
NEXTCOL = NEXTCOL-f2»
PUT 0 NEXTCOL MM2 22. 0;
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL+2;
E='F'J
F = C:OMPRESS(E) ',
PUT F 0}
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL+LENGTH
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOLf2 J
PUT 0 NEXTCOL '»' 0?
NEXTCOL=NEXTCOL+1?
JUMP: IF FCOLI NE . THEN DOr
A=--'P31615r ' ! ,'FCOLI ! JDFCOLI ! ! ' » ' >
LINK COM;
IINDJ
IF STG NE , THEN DO;
A='P65»'i:STG: !'»'»
LINK COM;
END i
IF HSTG NE . THEN DO?
A='P65i'! JHSTG! ! ' t ' »
LINK COM?
END;
IF FLO NE , THEN DO9
A='P6i»'::FLO::',' ;
LINK COM?
END;
C2-5
-------
IF BOD20 NE . THEN DO;
A = ' P324 t ' \ \ BOD20 ! ,' DBOD20 ',','?'
LINK COM?
END.
IF COD NE . THEN D0»
A='paoii6f ' : icon: : ' » ' ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF DCOD NE . THEN DO;
A='P339» ' ! iDCODI i ' , ' ?
LINK COM;
END;
IF TCOLI NE . THEN DO;
A='p3i505f ' : : TCOLI: JDTCOLI ; :
LINK COM;
END;
IF FSTREP NE . THEN DO?
A='P31677> ' : : FSTREP: IDFSTREF
LINK COM;
END»
IF TKN NE . THEN DO?
A='p625f ' j :TKN: : ' ? • ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF ETKN NE . THEN DO;
A='F627f ' : IETKN: : ' r ' ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF SKN NE . THEN DO;
A='p623r ' j :SKN: ; '» ';
LINK COM;
END;
IF ESKN NE . THEN DO?
A='P8253?» ' : :ESKN: ,"r ' ?
LINK COM;
END;
IF NH3 NE , THEN DO?
A='P608r ' ! 1NH3! ! ' t ' i
LINN COM?
END;
IF ENH3 NE . THEN DO?
A='P611» ' ,' JENH3! ! 'r ' ;
LINK COM;
END;
IF N023 NE . THEN DO ;
LINK COM;
END?
IF EN023 NE , THEN DO?
rt='P633» ' ,' JEN023: ! ' r ' ?
LINK COM;
END?
IF TP NE , THEN DO?
A='P665r ' ! ,'TPI I ' r ' ;
LINK COM;
CND;
IF ETP NE , THEN DOJ
A=--'P668» ' ! !ETP! \ ' , ' i
LINK COM?
END?
IF TSP NE . THEN DO?
A='P666»' ! !TSP! ! ' , ' ',
LINK CON?
IF ETSP NE . THEN DO?
A='P70509»' : IETSP: : ' r
LINK COM?
END;
IF OP NE . THEN DO?
A='p&7i»' ! :OP: : ' , ' ;
LINK COM?
END?
IF EOP NE . THEN DO?
A='P79511r'S JEOP! ',',
LINK COM?
END;
IF PH NE . THEN DO;
A='P400r',' ,'PH! ! ' 1 ",
LINK COM?
END;
IF DO NE . THEN DO?
A='p2?9r. ' : :DO: : 'r ' ;
LINK COM?
IF TEMP NE . THEN DO;
A='pio» ' : ITEMP: j ' , • ;
LINK COM;
ENUi
IF COND NE . THEN DO;
A='P94r ' ! ICOND! ! '» ' »
LINK COH;
END;
IF EPS ME . THEN DO;
A='F1051» ' ,' IEPB! IEPBR! ,' ' t ' ?
LINK COM;
END;
IF HEPB NE . THEN DO?
A='P1052; ' ! ,'DEPBJ ! EPBR ,' .' " > ' t
LINK C0rt>
tTND J
IF SPB NE . THEN DO;
A= 'Pio^? F ' : : SPB : : SPBR ! : ' f ' ;
LINK COM; • - i
END;
C2-6
-------
IF EZN NE
A='P1092»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF DEZN NE
A='P1093>'
LINK COM;
END;
IF SZN NE
A='P1090»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF ECU NE
A='P1042>'
LINK COM;
END;
IF DECU NE
A='P1043»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF SCU NE
A='P1040»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF EMN NE
A='P1055»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF DEMN NE
A='P1053>'
LINK COM;
END;
IF DEFE NE
A='P1170»'
LINK COM;
END;
IF SMN NE i
A='P1056f'i
LINK COMJ
END*
IF EFE NE ,
A='P1045f'!
LINK COM?
END;
IF SFE NE ,
A='P1046» ' !
LINK COM;
END;
IF ECR NE ,
THEN Dli;
:EZNJIEZNR;;', f;
. THEN DO;
IDEZN::EZNR::' r';
THEN DO;
:SZN:ISZNR: :' r' f
THEN DO;
!ECU!!ECUR!!'»'?
. THEN DO;
!DECU!IECUR::'»';
THEN DO?
! SCU ! ,' SCUR ! ! ' f ' r
THEN DO;
:EMN:JEMNR::'r';
. THEN DO;
! DEMN! !EMNR i !',' >
. THEN DO;
,'DEFE! ,'EFER! ! ' » 'r
THEN DO;
!SMN! ,'SMNR; ,' ' f "r
THEN D0»
:EFEJIEFER:!
THEN DO;
:SFE!;SFER:!'»'
THEN no;
!ECR!;ECRR!!'f'
IF DECR NE
. THEN DO;
:DECR:IECRR:
LINK COM;
L:ND;
IF SCR NE .
A='P1030r' !
LINK COM;
END;
IF ECD NE .
A='P1027r ' !
LINK COM;
END;
IF DECD NE
A='P1028»' !
LINK COM;
END;
IF SCD NE .
THEN no;
,'SCR,1 ,'SCRR!
THEN DO;
:ECD: IECDRJ
. THEN DO;
IDECD: IECDR
THEN no;
ISCD!1SCDR!
THEN DO;
,'ENIR!
, THEN DO*
IDENI! ,'ENIR
LINK COM;
END;
IF ENI NE
A='P1067r'
LINK COM;
END;
IF DENI NE
A='P1068» ' !
LINK COM;
END; .
IF SNI NE . THEN DO?
A='P1065»/J ISNI ! ,'SNIR! !
LI.>/K COM;
END;
PUT;
GO TO LOOP;
COMJB=COMPRESS(A>;
PUT 0 NEXTCOL B (?;
LEN=LENGTH (B);
NEXTCOL=--NEXTCOL+LENr
IF NEXTCOL >60 THEN DOr
PUT ;
NEXTCOL=i;
END?
RETURN;
/*
LINK COM;
£:.ND;
C2-7
-------
APPENDIX D
RAW DATA LISTINGS
CRITICAL WATERSHED STUDIES
-------
STATION PUNOFF DATA
OMS
1
2
3
If
5
b
7
8
9
10
la
13
14
13
17
10
19
20
a i
aa
25
26
?7
29
30
31
32
33
34
3S
36
37
3H
39
40
41
42
43
4S
46
47
49
5/1
52
53
STPI'MO
2?4
224
2?p
.
.
.
f
f
f
299
•
^
.
329"
^
,
t
,
.
t
33
, ^
**£
b4
.
,
s
102
1 04
*
t
1 ? 1
^
13S
*
1^1^
.
154
\®
f
\ ft**
f
f
1 f*S
.
•
?U9
.
TYPL
?
?
1
'
1
1
1
l?
1
?
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
?
i
i
•f
i
1 i Auoeo:
1 sAiioMO :
OWbf Pf4 0 •
1 SSt P^O :
2o:
<-"2L*k C^ 0 :
OK JAMMI :
1 pjAKjfl 1 :
26 JA'^JH 1 :
O^K t MH 1 :
f)9f t h'Wl :
1 1 (• t' ^ H 1 :
P3^"tPHl :
09MAKH1 :
l6MAPf
-------
STATION PUNOFF DATA
OriS
55
56
57
58
Sy
60
61
62
63
6**
65
STPVNO TYPE Til
.
1 IQAUORI 13:OS
22^ 2 llAinibi 23:50
224 2 12AUI.8] li:oo
228 2 16fii)(iM 00:10
.
.
1 17AUO«1 12.MI5
1 24Au'-81 12:00
242 2 jfiAi».i«i 07:00
m
1 14SKPH1 11:05
25^i 2 ItiStH'U 16:30
.
.
1 21St-.^81 1 1 :55
! 2^StkHl 11: **5
66 274 2 010CTM1 1«:00
67
68
6V
70
71
73
74
7 "3
76
77
O
ro
OHS
78
79
HO
HI
H2
83
H<»
HS
8fr>
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
V4
95
96
97
9M
99
100
101
102
.
1 050CT«1 11:04
1 I2UC.T81 11:35
296 2 230CT81 16:50
29d 2 260CTH1 11:05
.
•
.
.
^t
STPMNO T
.
,
.
.
f
.
32MHI : I/*! 30
> OOA^nei : 13t3b
06APRW 1108:44
lOAPRMi : 13:55
fl_0 SAMNO CMT PREC1P
38.50
.
139.00 3 1
165.00 9 1
97.00 8 1
44. bO
29.00
89.00 1
25.80
^
^
1
84.00 10 1
34.20
23.80
^
m
37.80 4 1
24.80
27.90
50.50 «
106.10 1
31.60
37*18
32^90
35.60
[
\
1
•
,
54.83 4 1
37.10 1
FLO SAMNO CMT PRtCIP
0.605
33.400
14.100
1.760
9.590
2.750
46.000
S.bOO
6.000
3.040
4.250
2.270
6.180
16.100
31.690
77.160
14.460
12.500
9.480
14. POO
8.370
16.300
34.000
21 .500
34.600
1
1
1 *
1 *
1
4 llfl
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
5 2.1
15 1.0
i* 1.0 0
1
1 .
3 1.0 0
1 .
2 1.0 0
2 6.0 0
16 lio
15
13
19
?6
-------
STAI ION WUK'OFF OAF*
CD
CO
b1M = -3IUK(.><*!.
258.
£bO.
.
.
.
299.
B
.
B
t
336.
NO
00
00
00
00
00
01
03
00
00
00
00
01
0?
oo
00
DO
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
TYPf.
p
\
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
'g>
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Til
lOftkKHl
2 0 A H' W H |
24 APkn 1
2 7 A k W H )
29APR8 1
04MM Y H 1
15MAY81
1 RMAYP1
19MAYS1
28MAYM
01JUU61
O&JIIPiHl
lOJMlifll
1 3 Jl IM8 j
14JUMS1
^ S J U ' •J ^ I
• 02JUL61
0^» Jl JL ^ 1
i 3JULH1
13JULH1
2UJUL8 1
25JUL81
2 7JIILH1
2fA,ji)LH 1
0 3 A I J (.i ^ 1
1 fl AU'i8 1
1 7 A IJOM 1
3 1 ALMiH 1
i7stp"!
2 1 S t ^ H 1
^^f,tPy l
OSnC T ^ 1
120C.181
l"?NUVf
-------
STATION NUTP1ENT DATA
,,KS ST,,HO
2 iV4
3 f*/'i
A
9 .
6
7
3 ;
10 P'VSI
1 1
12
11
14
15 322
16 32*
17
1 M •
i ^ .
2 •')
21
22
23
24 3.'i
27 54
?^ •
2-J
30
31
32 1 0 s.
33 10"
14 •
3S
16 121
37
38 1 35
4 'J 1 ^ ''
41
'•2 Itrt
<• ') 155
44 15 t
**t:3 •
2 7 '""
*+H .
" ^ 1 iS
51 I
5'-»
rvPt
^
C'
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
f
?»
1
1
1
1
1
1
s
l"
2
1
1
1
^
1
1
2
1
1
i
s
2
£
1
l!
\
1
1
1
1
1 UlKiHIj:
1 S AU(j^ 0 :
oast "->MO:
1 5 S t. ^ 8 0 I
p ;,> c; (.• p- f< Q ;
2s*st:PWu:
200CT80:
^uumi:
03"iowhui
1 OhiovttO :
1 7.MGVHU!
1 7Ui»v«ti:
^4NU V40 :
OlUtCrtO:
OrtUb CfelU •
1 *"iiJLC Bo •
? f>t)t t^ri o :
os J A Mb 1 :
?io*Hfe{:
0 f' f f ^ • 8 1 :
OVFt i^b 1 :
MK£«!I
OsyMdfH 1 i
1 6NiAf!--kbl :
(i i M c, y ft i :
0 4 M /. y M | :
i^MAybi •
lc,-l6Yrt 1 :
OlJiiMbl :
OJ.JUMbl :
Oi4,M Ihlb 1 '•
(fjjui.bi :
(.riJiitiH 1 :
l<..n."f'fci] :
?^.n IMH l :
?'-* Ji-i^'t 1 •
0".JOLMl :
1 .UL'LK 1 j
^JULM!
O.lAl-G** 1 '•
Til
0/:?6
^>.<:30
11:00
1 :« ; 09
moo
lo:ib
11 100
(n!s^
11 isti
12:00
1 o : 0 v
1 U : 1 0
lo:oo
1 1 :20
l.i: Db
1 J : 3b
10:30
!•*: in
1 1 ;45
us: 00
lul^s
lirii ii
10:00
2 J : 06
ov:oo
1 1;30
lllbO
1 0 : 32
1 ^ : ') 0
10: 15
^•c;:.30
10; 30
?.c :^b
0 o : 00
1 1 '• 1 0
o t> ' 0 o
1 0 : -^
0 -« ! llO
It. : J-;
1 1 : m
10:^0
l-y!00
1 'd' DO
bl
HO
14KO
1 <^b . 0
43.2
35.6
40.0
41 .6
166.0
31.8
351.0
bl .6
3b.6
4] .6
34.2
132.0
340.0
hl.O
43.2
37.1
36.0
3bl5
S5o!d
6". 6
V39.0
•4bl .0
"3.2
70.9
46.4
iviio
222.0
HI .6
61 .0
181 .0
111.0
115.0
61.0
120.0
57.1
3 1 0 ! 0
H3l9
1 « 7 . 0
4^1 1
%«.! .0
Jiilb
Plb.O
3b.b
1 A-3 IUXIP |
TKN
K26
0.76
O.bO
0.3b
0.35
0.32
0.26
0.59
2.16
0.68
0.33
0.39
0.30
O.btl
2.06
0.29
0.37
o!2H
0.21
0.38
0.53
5.65
0.67
5.73
b.50
O.bb
0.27
0^65
1.78
olbb
0.34
1.87
0.6P
o!b3
1 .6V
0. 70
1 .b6
3^02
0 . b2
0.4"
O.fcQ
O.bfc
Ol4b
0.67
Ol41
SKN
o!40
0.40
O.bO
0.27
0.35
0.30
0.26
0.45
0.62
O.b2
0.31
O.Jb
0.27
0.4H
1.09
0.29
0.37
0^5
0.2b
olso
2.11
0.57
1.83
1.36
0.5b
0.27
Ol60
1.30
0.44
0.51
0.34
0.72
0.40
0.69
0.63
O.S6
0.36
O.b4
0. Jb
0.50
0.44
O.HtJ
0.6/
0.34
1.J1
0.4J
0.4S
O.b4
0.77
0.31
NH3
o!o6
0.06
0.05
0.08
0.16
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.08
0.07
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.16
0.1U
0.09
0.05
0.00
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.04
0.68
0.11
0.46
0.57
0.07
0.10
0.05
0.06
O.lb
0.14
0.05
0.09
0.16
0.17
0 • ?9
0.12
Oll5
0.20
0.14
0.10
O.OQ
0.10
Olo7
0.21
Q-Q7
0.04
0.06
0.27
0.06
N023
2^17
2.31
3.27
3.37
2.93
3.61
3.93
3.91
1.76
2.5B
3.7b
3.59
3.72
2.52
2.42
2.78
3.20
3.75
4.00
2.95
2^45
3.30
2.50
3^22
3.41
?:fi
1.86
2.31
2.49
2.73
1.95
2.14
1 .98
3. 54
1.87
2I&0
3.18
2.38
3.23
2.69
3.46
3.76
2.06
3:51
m
3.34
TP
0^32
0.15
0.0
0.14
0.10
0.14
0. 11
0.20
O.U1
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.09
0.18
0.47
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.08
0.10
1.30
0.05
1:9?
0104
o:os
0.20
1.56
0.05
0.05
0.40
0.07
0.3v
0.05
0.56
0.11
0.60
1.08
1.00
0.09
OlOB
0.05
8:8^
^
0.09
TSP
o!o6
0.04
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.13
S:U
0.11
0.08
0.13
0.12
0.07
0.07
0.14
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.03
0.03
oloe
0.53
0.03
0.10
0.15
.
0.03
ol04
0.11
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.04
0.06
8:§46
0.04
0.12
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.06
OP
o!o2
0.00
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.12
0. 10
0.14
0.06
0.06
0.11
0.09
0.05
0.06
0.09
0.03
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.01
8.04
.05
0.14
0.03
0.08
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.0?
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.02
8:8^
.
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.09
8:8^
0.04
0.06
0.05
-------
STA1ION NUTRIENT DATA
I
cn
OHS blr^hO TYPt Til
SS
S6 ,'<><+
57 22«.
',H • 22''
60 I
*2 ?"?
63 ^5 A
6't
h^ .
6 h 2 V '+
6« :
70 29*
71
72
7J
74
7S .
76 33".
77
1 lOM II-M
^ ) 1 A t Mih 1
£ !£/>!£§!
i j"'fl!i!'H!
I \ fc^f t-H 1
•f 1 "?^t ^f I
1 2 1 ^ r. V b 1
1 2MSh^bl
2 0 1 (>C T H J
1 0-jul. [hi
1 1/OC1M
2 2oOCTbl
1 U/^'l'^h 1
1 ( i y » -j o v B i
1 16MUVbl
1 ^ ji-jr>VH 1
1 .io-H.VMl
^ Moi-iOvb 1
1 '<: <>5
^ j : L"> 0
1 1 :no
Oil : in
/:os
c:no
) / : (i n
1 :uS
-3:30
1 : 5S
1 : us
n:no
l : 04
c.isn
1 :05
0 : 5S
o:s(i
1 • no
U • ^"^
?i sob
1 0 7L>tC!>l 1 1 : 1 7
(IMS si Kiviiii.i i iMh TII
7H 1
79
Hf)
HI
M2
83
M4 3,'Js
^lb
Hi,
«7
hf,
"9
91)
-y |
9? ~* 1
•VI -i H
94 Au
96
97 /S
9X
99 ^1
100 9~.
101
10? 99
1
1
ll'l
1
1
1
1
in) c.
on c;
1
on d
1
(III C
DC {
\
On <-
nsOCTnO
e? 00(.' 1^0
?7f>C THO
(j Ji-,'(jV M0
1 (if It.) V' ^0
1 /nOvHO
^•i*i-jU\.' »* 0
()H|jt (. MO
isuKCHO
s?_\ft. on
iJSw'^NH ]
1 ^JAhh 1
/^ h ^1 /' N K 1
[ | LJ f." J- ^ ^ J
^ ( j j, j. |-> H )
22Kth'hl
Ob^io^h 1
ieN*K?l
1 (^r-ittf*M 1
23rt'>H(J 1
Ol/VPkMl
Of> APf*H ]
09»t-'^H 1
1 '* : U 0
1 i :;in
09 : ^S
11- /3t^
1 P : t* (i
1 7 :>-»-,
(j^ : 4 d
1 1 • '^''i
13:10
1 1 :»n
Ov : JT
n : 1 n
[ u ; L» /
^1 :nS
1 2 : U 3
13:33
1 3 : 1 0
17: no
13:o5
?i:30
0?: lb
I4:3n
13:35
bi
HO
.lh.50
139.00
•i 1 1 0 0
29lno
bS.oo
ri'^Ino
34.20
23.30
J/.HO
24.rt()
27.90
10r>I 1U
31 .60
37.10
37. 10
32.90
3b.60
b4.t3
3V. 10
bT
H.O
0.005
33.400
14. 100
1 . 760
9 .b^U
S. . 75(1
"•ti .000
5 . b 0 0
6.000
3.0'»0
2!270
6. 1MO
1 1. :. . i n n
Jl -69U
T 1 . 160
1<4.460
12.500
9.480
b!370
16.300
34.000
?.\ .bOO
34.600
TKN
0.4H
1 .00
1 .«4
1.71
0 . 7 3
0.46
Gl49
m
0.66
0.71
0.57
0.3H
0.64
\'^7
2. 7<«
0.48
0.(«H
0.51
0.31
U.bH
0.97
0.53
A=5 1 URO? •
TKN
0.33
0.73
O.bO
0.3H
0.4?
U.rb
2.06
0.26
0.19
0.22
0.45
1.19
•
1 .27
1 .bl
2.22
?.03
0.6?
0.3B
0. 72
7llO
7.10
l.OH
0.72
SKN
0.3.3
0.5H
0. 78
0.71
O.bb
0.35
0.57
ol«2
0.60
0.64
0.46
0.32
O.o4
H?
0.4fl
0.4H
0.51
0.31
0.55
0.97
0.53
SKN
0.33
0.57
O.bO
0.31
0. J7
C.21
0.53
0.2b
0.19
0.22
0.43
1 .06
•
1.13
0. 76
0.73
0.62
0.62
0.27
0.33
*
0.42
0. 76
0.91
0.45
NH3
0.10
0.06
0.24
0.07
0.04
0.01
0.20
0.03
0.17
0.06
0.07
0.03
0.01
0.03
0. 17
0.33
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.08
0.14
0. 10
NH3
*
0.05
0.10
0.02
0.00
0.02
O.OB
0.03
0.02
o.go
0.17
0.33
2.39
0.65
0.^2
•
0.27
0.11
0.12
0. 12
0.05
0.15
0. 19
0.20
0.12
N023
2.98
2.29
3.34
2.02
3.11
3.88
I'M
2.31
3.31
4.08
3.7<.
2.11
4.54
2.78
1.64
3.24
3.46
4.26
4.02
4.83
3.94
3.89
N023
•
0.92
0.93
0.28
0. 16
0.04
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.48
0.16
0.82
0.64
0.94
1 .04
l.Ofl
0.90
0.9fi
0.64
0.74
0.52
0.46
0.49
1.05
0.49
TP
0. 11
0.21
0.52
0.50
0. 14
0.10
0.43
0.09
0.32
0.09
0.10
0.13
0.08
0. 08
0.24
0.68
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.07
O.Ob
0.45
0.07
TP
0.10
0.14
0.08
0.07
0.13
0.07
0.71
0.05
0.05
0.09
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.90
0.63
0.72
0.02
0.05
0.26
•
•
0.09
0.36
TSP
0.06
0.04
8:8?
0.05
0.09
oloe
O.Ofl
0.07
O.OH
0.06
8:8?
8:?2
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.36
0.06
TSP
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.0?
0.03
0.05
•
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.04
0.04
•
0.04
0.07
0.05
0.06
OP
0.05
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.03
0.06
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.04
8.06
.04
8:85
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.06
OP
.
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.02
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
OKS btr-
SS
S6 rV
S7 ?,>.
•^Q
M.)
6? ?'"
M" '•'b
h'.
KC.
^ 27
hH
70 ?9
71
72
7 <
74
7S
?6 j '
7 7
OHS Sl-
7H
79
HO
H 1
H2
H T
Hi. 7ijt'
•*S
^f'.
£p
rt 9
''I!
•' 1
•V? ". 1
••n •_•>.<
9^
97 r->
99 -M
1DO 'yi
101
•/'llKlbl
1 1 7M'bH i
1 PI. A IK 'HI
d ?n/H;'i41
| ] <. s (• H b 1
* 1 -iSh HM 1
1 21Sr. ^hl
1 c* " Sh P^ 1
•? (il'tCTHl
1 O^uC. fMl
2 ^ioCTb'l
1 * 02KJ*'h)
1 d9i-lOV(tl
1 lt>M(.)Vbl
1 /^ 1 i J f ' V H 1
1 i 1 1 ' J (. ' V ^ 1
t' ^ Ui-IDv h [
1 07IJtC!)l
i/,, n HH TII
1 OhoCTnO
1 ^OOtl^O
i^ 7 ^ i C T H t \
0 't i ; u v M i )
1 or 10 v**0
1 /I'jOuHl)
(/(I r> ^4i-iOV."<0
(jhljf (_^i)
1 MJh Cl'O
j : Sd
1 1 :oo
0 o : in
Icino
n 7 : 0 o
1 1> ; 3 b
1 1 : bs
1 1 |4b
1 1 : 3b
1 j'ins
1 0 • Sd
1 1 :oo
1 u:4'i
••>. 1 : 0 0
1 1 : 1 7
1 '. | 0 0
09145
0 ^ • '* S
'i:^'
1 7 I /^'i
ijQ : \ . ^00
TKN
0.48
1.00
I.b4
1.71
0.73
0^49
0 .66
0.71
O.b7
0.3H
0.64
2^4
ol48
ol5l
0.31
O.bH
0.97
O.S3
TKN
0.33
0.73
0.50
0.3b
0.25
2.06
0 . 2b
0.19
0.2?
1 *19
1 \c-.l
'd . if?
?.0 j
0.6?
0.3b
0. 72
^
7.10
/. 10
l.OM
0.7?
SKN
0.33
O.bH
o.?e
0.71
O.bb
0.35
O.b7
0.47
0 .H2
O.bO
0.04
0.46
0.32
I)!b9
1.17
0.48
0.4fl
O.bl
0.31
O.bS
0.97
0.53
SKN
0.33
O.b7
O.bO
0.31
O.J?
0.21
O.b3
0*19
1 Io6
p
1.13
0. 76
0.73
0 .^>2
0.4.2
0 .27
0.33
m
0.42
0. 76
0.9|
0.4S
N
0
0
g
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
g
0
0
0
0
0
0
H3
.10
.06
IDT*
104
.01
.20
.03
.17
.06
.07
.03
.01
.03
.17
.33
.04
.05
.04
.02
.08
.14
.10
H3
>
^Ob
.10
.02
.00
.02
.Ob
.03
.02
:?9
.33
. 39
.65
.42
127
"12
Il2
-Ob
.16
.19
.20
.12
N023
2.98
2.29
3.34
2.02
3.11
3.88
2.39
4.61
2.31
3.31
4.08
3.74
2.11
4.54
2.78
1.64
3.24
3.46
4.26
4.02
4.83
3.94
3.89
N023
t
0.92
0.93
0.28
0.16
0.04
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.4B
0. 16
0.82
0.64
0.94
1.04
l.OA
0.9H
0.9ft
0.64
0.74
0.52
0.46
0.49
1.05
0.49
TP
0.11
0.21
0.52
0.50
0.14
0.10
0.43
0.09
0.32
0.09
0.10
0.13
0.08
0.08
0.24
0.68
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.45
0.07
TP
0.10
0.14
0.08
0.07
0.13
0.07
0.71
0.05
0.05
0.09
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.90
0.63
0./2
8-8?
0.05
0.26
*
.
0.09
0.36
TSP
0.06
0.04
8:8*
0.05
0.09
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
O.OH
0.06
8:8?
8l?2
fllo7
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.26
0.06
TSP
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.05
^
0.04
0.04
0.04
8:8i
o!o4
t
0.04
0.07
0.05
0.06
OP
0.05
0.0?
0.05
0.05
jj:8?
Ol§6
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.09
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.06
OP
%
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
8:82
o!o2
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.02
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
O
I
0>J5 STKM-li:
103 00 00
104
105 1-4
1!^
07 19
Ob
09 .«!
10 US
1 1
1 2 3'»
13 :t^
1 *4 ** l*
IS tl
16 '.-,?
1 7
1 H 1 l> 1
19 1>,4
20 J.,4
21 /?
22
i 23 1"3
24 1 c1 b
?S
26 1 •*-
>q ?„..
29
"10 20"
!?
"1 1
34 ?-3
35 ? b ^
36 ?'.!,
37
3*
1"
'•0
'«! 2;'9
4?
4 3
44
1 45
1-6
147 "l.tn
00
(Ml
00
11(1
0 1
'1. t
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.1"
lli'
U (.'
i) 1
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no
110
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2
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1
1
d.
S.
^
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,
f.
Til KLO 1KN SKN NH3 N023 TP TSP OP
in.iMivf'i
«•(!«. i'H>l I
f- 4 4 P h H 1
^7AK^hl
cVAHKHl
0 4 M « Y M 1
1 IMAY.?1
15NAYH1
| f.Mtt Yh 1
19M'\r«l
^* fl M A Y ^ 1
? r4 "1 A Y H 1
j|.1»YMl
I) | JUIMfc- 1
II A J'J( If". 1
1 O.JU'J^ 1
1 3.UINM1
j I* J( JJ-iM 1
f 0 »jl INf 1
/ 9 , 1 U F-* ^ 1
6?J'lL>i|
04 J'lLHl
I JJi'LHI
1 .tJllLol
^JUI bl
f f.»lLh\
r"f -I' 'Li 1
03'MH-^l
1 7fl(.iu^l
JJMIO*!
l^-st.f-al
f* 1 Sc KO 1
^H st (' o 1
O^ijtTM
l?OCTbl
e'bOCTHl
i>^NO>/*>. 1
iJ9uu\/Ml
1 ^rujVI 1
2 Ji-JOVri 1
jOf-iij V '< 1
OJ-ilt( H 1
15:00 30.200 1.90 0.47 0.13 0.48 0.86 0.04 0.02
1".»:40 4.590 O.J9 o.<-H 0.05 0.35 0.03 0.03 0.03
00:40 6b.400 3.47 O.b9 0.21 0.57 1.47 0.04 0.04
13:21 10.300 0.21 0.21 0.07 0.13 0.06 0.05 0.04
Os:40 •f.BSO 2.26 0./4 0.26 0.20 0.93 0.05 0.0?
M:32 10.300 0.44 0.^7 0.07 0.29 0.07 0.06 0.02
00:26 4b.J90 J.4Q 0.97 '0.18 0.49 1.62 0.09 0.05
13:47 6b.OOO 2.02 0.47 0.09 0.74 1.07 0.08 0.06
12:50 10.300 0.62 O.bl 0.10 0.62 0.10 0.06 0.04
07:1? 25.500 1.99 0.65 0.22 0.46 0.87 0.06 0.03
14:?? 16.900 2.26 0.46 0.10 0.72 0.89 0.05 0.04
1^:31 22.b4() 3.H7 0.4S 0.09 0.52 1.32 0.04 0.04
14:?.4 b.H?0 3.11 0.38 0.10 0.53 1.68 0.08 0.03
I4:i)" 5r.?bO 1.H7 0.34 0.08 0.57 1.71 0.21 0.05
1 K-.S b.OOO O.Hl 0.4? 0.09 0.48 0.13 0.07 0.06
HS:44 36.130 4.07 0.34 0.06 0.21 1.92 0.05 0.05
?M :S9 757.000 2.70 0.58 0.31 0.71 1.48 0.21 0.1H
13:. in 46.630 2.74 0.92 0.39 0.47 1.25 0.16 0.07
17:S7 ^.HHO 1.39 0.76 0.13 0.19 0.48 0.10 0.06
l?:->2
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
00
OHS STivMNu I
1 22*»
2 22*
3 ?2d
u .
<^ .
6
7
fl
Q
10 29 *
1* :
13
1^ 32,!- <
1* (2-» ,
17
11
1 *•» •
20
2 2 •
23
24 ~»J £
25
26 / ,
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u7
<4<5 1 M t> <
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b2
b? ;>19 ,
rHt
•
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o j»vf-. HBO :
I S ^ f r* f ' U :
22SkPB(i:
?9St PHO :
060CTHO:
20UCTHU !
' 2SOCTHO:
270CTHO;
lONOVHO:
1 7NOVHO '•
1 1 7 f -4 u v b o :
?4NUV*JU !
0 1 0 1. C ^ 0 :
(IH|lt (.HO !
l*^:Jt CbO •
? r L J t. C H 0 J
Ob J£ ''IH 1 :
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1 h'-'.AHM 1 :
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py/tPrirtl :
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1HMA.Y81 '
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~' (i^. JII.JH l :
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•* [ ** Jl INH 1 • 1
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2vjiiMH i :
04JIJLH|:(
13JULH1 :
2fl JULP 1 :
2?JULM1 :
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f)3«tiOPl :
Til
J7:JO
^3:30
11:00
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1:00
0:15
1;00
id|00
2 : o o
6 : 09
d: 10
0:00
1:20
3:05
3 • J5
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<4 : 1 0
1 !4S
0:^1
)^:00
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o: JO
0:55
1 :on
o: Jb
0 :00
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j'3 ! 00
1 • 30
O'.OS
1 • t>0
o: J2
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0: IS
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o: JO
2:^S
•>2:4S
J6:oo
1 : 10
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0 • (^0
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14UO
43^2
35.6
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1 h6 . 0
31 .8
351.0
51. *
35.6
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34.2
1 J 2 • 0
340.0
61 .0
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J7.1
36. 0
4J.2
JU.b
Jb.6
5bO.O
64. h
9J9.0
481 .0
** 3 • '
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
OH? sTWMtju FYPK
bb . 1
bO £?n (>
b7 r?S.^ t.
b8 <^n 2
^9 . 1
6(1 . 1
61 ?us. 2
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63 2bb
77 . 1
0
1
OhS -iT'-HiNU TrPt
7fl
79
MO
81
h2
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84 32<>.0n ^
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M7 . !
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91
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93 bJ.Od d
95 I 1
96 . I
97 7S.OD f.
99 41 1 00 <;
100 96. QU £•
101 . 1
102 99.01' c
Til
1 nation i
1 1 At Ki^ 1
1 f3 M JOH 1
16MIOH1
1 7AUObl
P 1
\it^t PHI
1 5 S 1 1-' H 1
>bbf'?El
6 K)C 1 8 1
ObOCTHl
1 £UC 1 b I
^ 3«)C [ 8 1
c'O'jClbl
0 2 'M 0 V t? I
(I9M.H/H 1
1 6MJ Vb 1
2 3NO VH 1
3CNUVM1
fi7L)LCH|
13
f> '\
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00
1 'ft
1 f'
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1 1
16
11
1 ^
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1 1
16
11
10
11
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: ub
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: Jfl
jbb
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FLO
J8.50
139.00
lbb.00
97.00
44 . HO
29.00
89.00
25.80
b4.no
^.'hO
37. bO
27I90
bO.50
106. 10
.H .60
37.10
37.10
32.90
35.60
37l 10
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f
6l9
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LCOND LTALK LCALK PH
7.5
335
255
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220
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200 35
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9.9
11.8
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25.0
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21.0
18.5
.
20.5
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16.0
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200
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205
275
310
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255
260
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210
205
210
205
190
185
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1 ONOVHO : 13
1 /'-JOvdo! 1^
?^4 >'jtj \/HO : 17
CHutCbO : 09
?20tC«o: 13
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^•6 jflfjy i : ) li
09h h HM | ! 1 '/
^OF I-HH1 : 18
221- MsH 1 : ? 1
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l»v"!AKH 1 : 1 7
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|lb
:jb
fLO
0.605
33. <«00
!<•. 100
1 .760
9.590
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5.500
6.000
3.040
2^270
6. 180
If. 100
jl .690
77. 160
I?l500
9.480
14.800
8.370
16.300
34.000
34I60U
LPH LCOND LTALK LCALK PH
t
.
,
,
t
t
b.a
f
^
^
.
*
.
6.7
6.4
5.6
6.3
6l8
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6.0
,
,
160 .
m
9
13.0
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165 I
125 I
175
6.5
6.4
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6.1
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6.8
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00
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8.7
10.6
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12.0
12.2
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16.8
.
10.4
.
TEMP
16.0
14.5
9.0
6.0
10.0
5.0
.
9.0
4.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
4.0
1.0
,
.
6.0
7.0
,
7.0
.
11.0
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1 45
140
40
130
.
145
160
145
175
iao
165
160
«
.
155
145
•
140
.
150
.
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
O
I
OBS
103
104
105
106
107
1 08
109
110
111
1 12
Ii43
1 1 ^
116
III
119
120
1 ? 1
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
3P
139
140
141
14?
143
145
1471
ST"MN(J
100.00
^
1 14.00
.
1 19.00
131 !oo
13S.OO
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139.01
1 39.03
1 4 8 . n (i
1 5 1 . 0 n
152.00
1 6 1 I 0 0
1 64 . () 1
164.02
1 72.00
f
In 3. 00
185.00
*
194.00
9
206.00
9
3 0 ^ » 0 (•
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f
2O.OO
ifSH.Oo
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f
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f
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299. OU
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336. OU
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d
1
2
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1 UAIJi-'81
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2 "/ ^ P w 8 1
2 V A H r^ rt 1
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15KM8I
1 8«6 Y8 1
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2H-AY61
3JMAr81
01JUI-J81
08JUN81
1 OJUM81
13JUNH1
14JIUH1
20JIIN81
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0 ? Jl IL H 1
04 JULH1
1 3JULHJ
1 3JUL81
20JUL81
2 / j( IL fci 1
2% JDLH 1
0 3»*uG8 1
10AUG81
1 7 M IG8 1
3 1 Al Itj8 1
1 6^h P8 1
1 7SI- i-'h 1
2 1 ^ t P8 1
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l?liCTHl
O?WVP{
09NOV8.1
16^0^/81
23NOV8 1
3 0 ^'J Cl v 8 1
C?UE. CP 1
15:00
13:40
00:40
13:21
0^:40
1 j : 32
6n:^6
13:47
1 d : 50
0 7:12
lrt:3f
14:24
14:09
13:45
05:44
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13;J*
J p ; u £
09:56
1 0 :28
12:40
i 4 : 40
13: JO
17:16
13-15
14:20
1 4 : 25
14: 25
15:44
12:1^
1 s '• 35
l4:o5
13:10
] *^ * ** *3
11 :b9
13:25
13;20
13:?n
01 :c3
FLU
J8.200
9.590
(?5.400
10.300
9.850
10.300
45.390
65.000
10.300
25.500
16.900
5^820
56.250
6.000
36.130
757.000
46.630
2.H80
81910
15.400
0.429
1 1 .400
0.578
9.650
1 .020
22.700
3.510
3.680
3.890
19.600
22.900
41460
4.680
2.000
0.662
49.100
jr.fioo
4.2bO
2.330
3.040
3.04Q
b 1 H=31
LPH
7.1
6l3
.
5.9
bia
6.6
,
6.6
6.7
6.8
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7.2
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7.0
6.7
w
m
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7.5
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7.2
LCONO LTALK LCALK PH
160
12
175
.
155
ffi
.
140
140
120
130
110
120
85
100
140
155
120 18
130
250
205
m
120
120
105
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20
140 16
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5
0
5.5
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11.0 14 155
.
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11.0 16 135
,
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9.0 15 125
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7.2 23 105
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7.5 8.7 17 130
6.7 6.4 18 140
7.5
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10.2 14 130
7.6 1
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6l6 17 130
l^.^ 13 130
10.4 1
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9.4 4 125
11.? 7 120
.
1 .
-------
STATION SOLIDS AMI) ORGANICS DATA
ORS
1
5
4
s
h
/
H
9
10
11
12
13
1 4
' 15
16
17
1 *"*
14
^0
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26
27
2*
3d
31
32
33
34
35
3"b
37
3«
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40
41
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4^
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47
4H
49
51
52
53
54
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224
224
.
.
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w
.
,
299
f
f
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.
322
329
w
.
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33
9
42
54
m
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9
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1 f* 1
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1 3b
,
1 1* 9
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1 b*+
1 ^>b
1 b V
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1H5
209
.
TY^E
m
*
1
1
1
1
1
1
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I
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
^
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2
1
1
1
1
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1
1
1
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1
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i
1
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1
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j 1 AU(>80:ii7:30
OHSKP8Q '11:00
15SFP80: 14:09
22StP80 : 1 1 : 00
29SEH>bO: 10:15
060CT60: 1 1 :00
l(JW(M -
COO
^
.J9l2
8^2
8.0
4^0
3.6
8.5
58.0
10.5
6.0
10.0
7.5
24.0
20.0
5.9
5.9
2.3
4.8
3.6
2.2
3.8
137.0
9.9
160.0
UO.O
^
<*.*>
** » 2
11.5
170.0
111.0
7.9
12.7
24.0
12.2
33.9
9.6
36.0
8.8
73.4
84.0
168.0
4.6
13.9
50.1
7. a
76.6
12.6
10.4
6.1
122.0
6.2
ISS DBOD5 BOIJ5 080020 BOD20
<
130 !o
194.0
3.0
30.0
5.0
2.0 1
1.5
1.5
643.0
11.5 2
1.5 L 1
2.0
3.0
203lo
3.0 L 1
3.0
0.0
H.O
3.0 1
1.0
4.0
1S70.0
20.4 4
6
1649.0
2.5 3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1735.0
982.0
5.0 1
4.0
277.0
6.0
254.0
16.0
396.0
15.0
/72.0
932.0
20.0
16.0
139.0
19.0
6.0
685 • 0
5.0 L 1
4.0
5.0
2090.0
d.O
8
6 3
0
0 2
4 2
2 6
2 G 13
0 3
7 5
0 1
S
1
0
3
0
7
0
9
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OWGANICS DATA
o
ro
OriS
5 'j
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
^4
65,
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
OHS
78
79
no
81
82
"3
H4
8S
86
8 1
Hrt
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
9M
STk'-'NU
•
224
224
2^8
•
•
242
•
25fc
•
•
274
•
•
296
2VH
•
•
•
334
rm. in
1 lOAUObl
C llAMObl
2 12AUO«1
2 IhAljGril
1 7AUOH1
24Alld81
2 30AUC.8
14StfJ61
2 15bt.Pbl
2 1 SF PH 1
28SEPbj
2 OldCTbl
050CT81
120CT81
2 23HCT81
2 260CT81
02NOV81
09NOVH1
I6NOV81
23NOVbl
30MIVH1
06AHHB1 :02: 15
OOAPKHI : 1<«: 30
3 OVAHRHl : 13:35
v,|fl=3
FLO
38.50
139.00
165.00
97iOO
44.80
29.00
HV.OO
25.80
84.00
34.20
23.80
37.80
. 24. bO
27.90
50.50
106.10
31.60
37.10
37.10
32.90
35.60
5*.. 83.
37.10
C T A — C
FLO
0.605
33.400
14.100
1 .760
9.590
2. 750
4H.OOO
5.500
6.000
3.040
4.250
2.270
6.180
16.100
31.690
77.160
14.H60
12.500
y . 4 tf 0
14.800
8.370
16.300
J<».000
21 -SOO
34.600
1UKUI -
COD
•
19. b
32.0
28.3
14.4
9.6
6l3
25.8
6.1
7.6
46.6
B.l
4.8
25.9
46.8
7.8
7.4
4.6
3.4
6.2
34.3
3.4
COD
*
16.3
14.5
14.0
1H.O
12.8
36.0
9.9
8.6
6.4
10.4
4.6
12.4
Ulo7
7b.O
•
Sri
21.6
5.0
146.0
30H.O
36.?
3b.O
TSS
22.0
1 1H.O
425.0
352.0
31.0
2.0
341.0
1 .0
J62.0
3.0
2.0
79.0
0.5
1.5
107.0
149.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.5
0.5
200.0
0.5
DBOD5 BODS DHOD20 BOU20
1
3 2
3
TSS DBOD5 BODS DBOD20 BOD20
2.5
15.
6.
1.
b.
0.
251.
2.
1 .
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5.
1 .
1.
6.
350.
114:
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2032.
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144.
5
0 3.0 3.3
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0 . .
5
0 . .
0 . .
5
0
0 2.2 3. 9
0
0
4 4.0 6.0
0
0
0 . '
84.8 S.5
.
0
0
0
0
0
0 2.1 4.1
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OHfiANICS UATA
O
I
UBS
103
104
105
106
107
109
1 10
11
1 12
1 1 3
114
1 15
11?
"9
20
21
122
1 ? 3
124
126
127
12M
129
30
131
32
33
3*+
3S
36
37
34
39
140
1 4 1
142
145
144
145
146
147
STI'MMU 1 YPt T 1 1
100.00 2 10APWHI
1
? 0 A P H H 1
114.00 2 ?4APKbl
1
119.00 i
1
? / A M k 8 1
' 29APP61
131.00 2 I1.-1AY81
Ub.OO 2 lbMAY81
I
It-iMAYdl
139.01 2 l^MAYbl
139.03 f
' P' o M (» y H 1
isjloo 2 3IMAY81
152.00 2 01JI 1(481
1 UHJUN81
161.00 2 10JUH81
I64.ni c: 13JUHM
I'j4.li2 2 14JUN81
1 72.0(1 2 20 JMM41
.
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1 44 . (Ml c
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2/JULHI
209.00 2 2«JULPl
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243.00
2SH. 00
260.00
f
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^
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t
m
t
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336.00 ,
03Al)L-b 1
1 OAUC-f 1
1 7* UO h I
3 1 A t'O^ 1
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1 /btP81
p^c;f fjfi J
6'iuCTbl
12()Crbl
02(<0\/b 1
09MOVH 1
1 bMOV 8 1
2 3 N 0 V H 1
30NOVP1
e O^DtCHI
15:00
1 j : 4 0
Oo:40
13|21
13:32
0 ') : 26
13:47
12:50
0 7 : 1 ?
1 o : 31
4:^4
14:09
3:45
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j : "^
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12J42
o:2H
1^:40
14:40
1 3:30
1 1 • \ 6
1 3 : 1 5
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b : 44
1 2 : 1 9
12* 35
4 : ijb
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1:59
4:00
3:2S
1 j|20
1 3 : 1 H
0 1 :?3
FLO
3H.200
9.590
b5.4QO
10.300
9.850
10.300
45.390
bS.OOO
10.300
25.500
16.900
22.540
5.820
bloOO
36.130
757.000
46.630
2!750
15I400
0.4^9
1 1 .400
0.578
9.650
1 .020
-------
SIM 1 DM MtTALS DATA
85
On 3
1 •
2
3
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j
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11
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31
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35
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STATION Ht TALS DATA
108
OF-S
103
104
105
106
107
10S
1 09
1 10
111
112
1 13
1 14
115
1 16
117
118
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120
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127
128
130
131
133
134
135
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,
34.1-1
] ~J « ' J "J
•;»H.l.nl
S 1 . 'J 0
t>^ • 0 0
.
1'. l .on
!(-•• .a 1
1 o >* . ( • *-'
7^>.l'(i
.
1*3.00
1 ^V>. <;O
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1 '4/» .00
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1 Jf^ • 00
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1
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1
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1
1
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T 1
1 nai-i/^ |
f-ij/i^^rf 1
f 14 A p p ** j
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^vy/i Lip v, |
0 i, M A Y H 1
1 1 .'1 A Y H I
I "iMA Yp I
1 oMflYH 1
1 Vri/*Yd 1
£* lll'I'* Y M 1
f. -1 i" fl 1 ,-1 1
J 1 l-:fi Yb 1
n 1 ji 'ft1 1
uri JIII.H 1
1 I.IJMIiClj
1 J j ' ; N ^* ]
1 ^ J1 II: ^ |
£• IU1 inh i
c: -tjllt-.n 1
lu' J' 11 f' 1
'.'"•JIM nl
1 J.i!.iLt> 1
1 3 Jiil bl
<0 JULMl
^J'.'Lbl
cT /• .)iiL'.il
f>t* Jl IL ^ I
o .UK K..-< i
!V'!IM!:M
.1 l »' i(-M l
I tj "^ r I- H I
I 7>t Pol
r. ISH-Hl
2 o :> !•. P H I
UD>'C. I C'l
I ^ ' > C ( i- 1
^t>iiCT " 1
1)2' :t'V H 1
n v' M J v *^ 1
.1 dhow ^ 1
(VU1- Chi
is: on -jM
3 : 4 0 ' y
on: 4ii ^s
3 : £• 1 10
3:32 10
no:^fi <»s
13:47 hS
l/i:SO 10
!'/:!«' 2S
rt • J 1 ft*
1 '+ : £ t* ^
\ M • 0 V S ft
1 J • ^b D
i'-j:^^ Jb
,r'u:t>V /VV
l ; Jf) a f^
/ : -i / ^/
' • ^f' (•*
0 V I li h ^
u:J-> li
12*40 0
4:40 11
13: 30 o
1 r: Ih 12
4 : o S 4
j : **s <+
3 | 1 i) 2
1 : '_•> 4 ^ **
14 : uo J 7
1 J : ^S 4
J • f (> t-
2:bO 3
1 3 : 1 B 3
ol i^:) 4
fLO
.200
Isvo
• ** 0 0
.300
1300
!ooo
.300
.SOO
• 4Q 0
. b** 0
,^>^o
f**3 0
.000
.130
.000
.630
• 7S 0
.yio
.400
1400
.b7b
• f^SU
.020
. 700
.blO
.000
.•*<>0
.700
. (jttO
.000
' 100
.100
• c. ^0
. J30
.0<»0
• u*» u
.060
blfl
tMN
UO
^
^
m
^
•
^
^
9
m
B
B
B
<*0
w
^
^
^
40
^
35
020
30
m
bOO
*
^
s
^
.
SMN Eft SFt ECR S(
6 640 3b5 6 (
• • • •
^
* * » *
• • • •
• • • •
• • • •
• • • •
• * • •
* • • •
• • • •
870 . 0
0 ...
* * * t
. • • •
. • . *
* . • •
670 . 0
. • . •
• . • •
6 a^o 7^6 6
B ,
0 6700 355 0
• . •
7bO . 0
• * • •
0 . 500 . (
0 (
0 7170 395 0 (
0 (
. ...
• • . .
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• • • •
0
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i 6
9
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.
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9
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,
0
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9
9
0
.
0
9
0
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)
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0
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0 (
9
9
9
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0
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9
9
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0
6
40
9
130
•
9
•
0
.
,
.
,
.
•JI Cl
1
)F
3
-------
APPENDIX E
RAW DATA LISTINGS
BMP SITES
-------
STATION WIJNOFF DATA
0"S
14*
150
151
152
153
15*.
155
156
157
159
IbO
1M
162
lll
\K
i ?i
175
1 /b
1 77
17h
179
Ibl
1H3
Ih5
1*7
1 bd
M9
191
Iv4
195
19b
197
, 199
200
201
STH^tVJ
293.00
292.00
393.00
293 I 00
392. 10
2^3. lo
29,;. 10
2^2. Ifi
293. 10
393. 10
393. 10
293.10
3'?3. 10
2^2. 10
392. 10
393. 10
393. 1 0
3^2. 10
393. 10
393. 10
^:ll!
2v3. 1 0
293. 1 0
393! lo
393. 10
309.00
J14. 00
329.00
332.00
34^.00
51 .00
51.10
52.00
53.00
63.00
/s.OO
'b9.01
4-1. 0 1
*H 9 • L1 1
f.9l01
89.01
H9.ol
b9.0)
89!o3
90.00
95.00
TYPF.
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
\
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
p
3
^>
^»
£
2
2
2
2
2
2
Til
18iiClhO:09: lb
loOLTbO: 10: 14
IHOCCMO: 1 1 : 19
IbOCTbo: 12:27
18OC1PO : 14: 13
1 HOLl HO : J6:4h
laocrno: I6:5b
Ibocitn: 17: lb
180CFHO: 1 7:53
IBOCIbO: 18:36
180C180: It-: 39
1HOC180: IK-.uu
IHOCTHO: ib:5o
lancTHo: lri:57
180C180: 19:07
IHOCTHO: 19:15
1 fvHl : 09: 13
30MAKM j : 09:2«»
30MAP81 : 09: 3h
30MftP8 1 : 09:5j
30MfikHl : 10: 19
30MAR81 : 13:20
31MAHR1 ! 10:44
05AHP81 : 1 7 : 30
b 1 »=S1UKU J
04MOVbO: 13:4<
09NOV80: 16:5(
25NOV80: 1 i:b<
2VNOV80!12:2(
09UtC80:i5:5.
24DEC80:OB:3
20FEH81 :00:4
21FEH81 :0b: 1'
22FEH8i:i2:i
25FEbbl :09:ol
05MAWBi:OV:21
16MAK61 :04:o<
31MAP81 :08:3<
02APW81 : 19:5'
05APK81 :21 :0
> FLO
0. 12000
0.13000
0.09000
0.06000
0.03000
O.SbOOO
0.43000
0.13000
0.13000
0.33000
1 .1 1000
O.b9000
0.89000
0.67000
0.43000
0.43000
0.43000
0.42000
0.43000
0.33000
0.33000
0.21000
0.21000
0.67000
1 . 1 1000
o!&7000
0.42000
0.19000
) 0.58000
? 0.36000
) 0.12000
> 0.29000
3 0.15000
1 0.61000
) 0.15000
7 0.16064
J 0.33264
i 0. 47000
« 0.05000
O.lbOOO
0.18000
0.27000
0.33000
0.39000
0.43000
0.45000
0.36000
0.24000
0.15000
« 0.47000
* 0.12bb2
7 O.bOOOO
SAMNO CMT
1.50 1
2.50 1
3.50 1
4.50 1
5.50 1
1 .24 4
2.24 4
3.24 4
4.24 4
5.24 4
6.24 4
7.24 4
b.24 4
9.24 4
10.24 4
il.24 4
12.24 4
13.24 4
JS. 24 4
15.24 4
16.24 4
17.24 4
18.34 4
19.34 4
20.24 4
21.24 4
2^.24 4
23.24 4
24.24 4
17.00 1
3.00 1
38.00 1
21.00 1
4.00 1
12.00 1
2.00 1
ft. 00 1
12.00 1
77.00 1
25.00 2
21.00 1
1.10 j
2.10 1
3.10 1
4.10 1
3:18 f
7.10 1
8.10 1
9.10 I
10.10 I
29.00 1
26.00 1
8.00 1
PRECIP
,
0.63
0.31
0.20
0.13
0.33
0.06
0.15
1.30
0.45
0.14
,
.
»
•
•
.
^
.
»
0.98
0.14
0.43
-------
STATION RUNOFF DATA
I
ro
OHS
202
203
2l>4
20S
2D6
2 Of
20M
21' 9
210
21 1
2 1 2
213
214
21S
11*
218
219
220
221
2^2
223
224
226
227
22V
230
231
232
233
234
23*
236
23?
2JH
2 J V
2-.0
21v!u
223.0
2 '{. 1 . 0
i?4* 3 • 0
2b'1.0
2 ^ H • 0
2 r- 0 . 0
26S.O
£70.0
2/4.0
24 1 .0
29 fio
2*^.0
300.0
,'DS. 0
TYPt
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
?
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
i>
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
T 1
OqAPKHl
1 ^APivH 1
1 4 Af-Kc1 1
1 7 APk8 1
<•• 3APHH 1
1 0 ^ A Y « 1
1 & »•' u Y M
2H^1 A Y h \
29'*A YHJ
3 0 M u Y H 1
01JUN81
03JMNM1
04JLINH1
06. Ji jMft j
oojuNbi
10JUM81
13JUNH1
1 9JIINH 1
25JMMH1
03JllL^l
O^JULt" 1
20JULf-. 1
d 1 JL'L ^ 1
24 IUL K 1
26JULH1
28JUL81
(1 J AIJG& 1
O^AllljM |
0 7 A ^i G A 1
1 1 AUG>i 1
1SAUG81
10 AtJGM 1
3UUGH1
Oh?tPH 1
1 5^L P h 1
I 7St P8 I
22^tP8 t
^jytjtPP 1
010CTH1
1HOCTHJ
230CTH1
250CTH 1
270CIH1
OlOtCHl
1
: 10:56
: 1^:53
: 1 6 : 2 3
: 1 9 : Ob
: 1 4 : 23
: 13 : 38
: 0 1 : 0 7
: 1 u : 33
: 2 3 : 4 u
: i 3 : 1 b
: 19:25
:20:56
: 2 1 : 1 0
:01 :0b
: 1 7 : 1 b
:20:J2
: Ob : 1 1
: 0 6 : n Sy
: 19:41
: 15:32
! 1 4 ! ?u
• 19:54
:uO: lt>
: 1 f> : 26
: 1 0 : 32
• 1 1 : ? J
:2o: 04
:20:44
: OH : 4rt
: 10:20
M3:08
* 1 7 ! U 1
• 2 (i ; ^ £
• 1 O * 1 Q
• 1 Q * ? (I
• ? 1 • ^ V
: 1 7:57
!21« 52
; 12;04
: l l : 40
i>l A = S1UK
Tl
09APP81
1 4 AP^h 1
1 b APP8 1
18APP81
24APK81
11MAY81
20MAY8J
(•* 9 M A Y b 1
30MAY81
31MAYbl
03JUNbl
04JUNbl
05JUN81
07JUNH1
09JIJN8J
1 1 JUNb J
15JUN81
20JUN81
26JUN81
03JUL81
04JUL81
21JULH1
22JULH1
26JUL81
27JUL81
29JUL81
04AUG81
07AUGbl
08AIJG81
13AUG81
16AUG81
31AUG81
01SEP81
OBStPbl
1 1» S K P B 1
ISSfcPHl
23SEPbl
28StP81
02UCTP1
180CT81
240CT61
260CT81
270CI01
280CT81
02UEC81
u J
2
:13
:I2
:10
:09
:09
:06
:>0
:09
:0b
:07
:05
:08
:07
:10
Hi
:09
:00
:10
:07
: 10
: 12
:09
:OM
:07
:08
:ob
:OH
:.13
:10
:23
:ou
:oh
:13
:OH
:03
:03
:o7
:0«
:19
:o7
:07
:01
:06
:00
:49
: 3 1
: 4 1
: 5^
:07
:33
:S4
:08
:4?
:00
:57
:20
5 *» 0
! 4 0
:44
1^*3
• ^4
: 1 2
; j^>
t Sb
:5b
:26
•37
"• J 1
• 46
:
-------
STATION KUNOFF DATA
tmS
2W
2*8
2*9
250
2S1
2b2
2b3
25*
2S5
Ib7
258
2b9
2bli
26 1
2b2
263
2*3**
265
2bb
2f>7
26^
2(>9
2711
§73
27*
275
2 / f>
2X7
276
279
IS?
OHS
*8§
2**
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
29<*
STK.-NO
329
332
33
*2
bO
53
89
90
95
102
1 0**
IO/
110
131
1 3t>
1 3v
163
15*
Ibl
i n
1 7o
i«b
207
208
223
22'
2*2
2*. 3
260
27-
299
STKMNO
22*. 10
2/9.00
2h 1 . oO
26v. on
30-^.00
3 1 * . 0 0
321 .00
329.01
329li) j
332.00
3**. no
33.00
TYPL
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
^
2
2
2
2
|
2
2
2
2
2
2
TYPL
•
2
2
2
?
2
p
|
TI 1
2*Nuv80 : l<»:5<«
27NUV80:22:<*8
02FKHH) : 10:36
1 1FLH81 :0*:S6
19FLB81 : 15:29
22FLH8] : lH:<.b'
30M«K8| : Ib: 09
3 1 M ** P H l : 13:51
ObAp^h ] : 17:^*9
09fipkHj : 13:25
120PW81 :20: 02
1 <« AKW8 1 : 1 5 : 4o
1 74PW81 : 20 : 50
20APW81 |07|5b
1 1MAY81 : 1 1 :5B
15MAY81 : 1* :22
19MAYH1 : 09:*2
02JUN81 :0b:58
03JUN81 :20:00
10JUM81 :05:38
13JUN81 :22: 10
20JUNH1 : 15:50
25JUM81 :20: 32
0*JUL81 508: 10
2(SJUL8|:2i:3'«
27JUL81 512:32
1 1 AU081 520:39
IbflUOHl :20:bb
30AUOH1 : l*:20
31 AU081 :09: 32
15SLPH1 521501
1 7St P8 1521510
Ol6CT81|23!01
Til
•
•
25btPHO:03:0(J
0<>NOV80 • OH : Ib
09NUV80 : 1 b : *• 1
16iiOv8o:oi : ib
?'^^JO\/rtlJ:01 :22
2<«NOVfco: 10:25
2*UUV^o: 15:02
/•>7NUVHO:OHS26
09L/t.C80: 10:SH
TI2
25NOV80:08:b5
28NOV80:08:^2
02FEH81 :20:06
12FEH81 :0i:57
22FEH81 : 12:06
2*FEB81 :09:03
31MAP81 : 05:23
02APR8U03:*5
06APR61 :05:21
10APP.81 :o*:««b
13APR81 :09:13
15APU81 :o9:^2
18APH81 :OB:20
20APR81 : 18:30
02MAY81 : 15:36
12MAY81 :00: 10
16MAY81 :oo:30
21MAY81 : 00 :*0
03JUN81 :0/:55
0*JUN81 :07:23
10JUN81 : 10:*0
1*JUNH1 : 10:bb
20JUNH1 :21 :0*
27JIIN81 :02:*8
05JUL81 :01 : 10
27JUL81 :07:05
29JUL8H09:50
12AUG81 : 17:b*
16AUG81 :0b:23
31AUG81 :07!38
01SLP81 :01 :06
17SEP81 S02:**
18stH8i :oe:23
0?OCT81 !0*:*3
280CT81:09:il
T12
•
•
1CSEP80:01 :*9
2bStP80: 12:02 .
O'.NOVbO: IbS'tb
10NOV80:02:36
16NOvbo:07:09
2*NOV80: 10:07
2*NOV80 : 1*:25
25NOV80:OOSOb
i^7NOVHO*2J* 1 '/
100EC8050b:b2
02F L'bBl :20 '•O't
FLO
0.6800*
0.5*71*
0.18000
0.76000
0.15000
O.*5000
0.33795
0.20009
0.21676
0. 13000
0.59418
0.1 1000
0.05000
0.05002
0.58*55
0.52000
O.*9068
0.09000
0.11000
0.16000
0.29999
0.3*000
O.*8000
0.16000
1.30000
8:458*8
0.30000
0.35000
0.2*000
0.60000
0.50000
0.17335
0.28000
0.35000
FLO
•
0.0*
0.27
§I03
0.03
0.10
0.3b
0.07
0.10
0.03
0.08
SAMNO
*
2
5
53
23
59
16
27
5
25
6
2
si
23
17
10
12
5
6
17
8
19
70
1*
19
11
12
33
51
7
5f
SAMNO
•
•
3.0
6.0
1*.0
8.0
7.0
30.0
6.0
5.0
53.0
21.0
36.0
CMT
2
1
1
1
1
f
]
i
f
i
i
i
t
i
i
i
i
i
i
1
1
1
1
CMT
*
•
1.0
1.0
i *°
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.2
1:8
PhECIP
0.63
0.31
0.80
1.07
0.57
1.30
0.98
0.1*
olg5
0.71
0.09
0.18
0.05
1.16
1.09
0.65
0.*7
0.79
0.0*
0.66
0.56
0.21
0.65
2.65
0.13
0.60
1.09
0.50
1.25
,
i.ei
0.30
0.50
1.58
PHECIP
•
o!31
.
•
•
0.90
•
•
•
0.21
0.20
0.8*
-------
STATION RUNOFF DATA
OHS
2Vh
247
2^b
29V
300
301
302
303
304
30b
30b
307
30b
309
310
311
3 1 i?
313
314
315
.116
317
3 1 b
31V
320
321
322
323
324
325
32b
327
32H
32v
330
331
332
333
334
33S
336
337
33b
33V
J<«0
34 ^
3<»3
3<44
SlKl-lMU
3V. 0
4 1 . 0
^0.0
03.0
/b.O
r:9.0
91.0
Vb.O
•y V . 0
101.0
102.0
10J.O
107.0
llb.O
1 18.0
1 ld.0
121.0
130.0
131.0
13*. 0
13b. 1
1 3M . (1
1 ** M • U
llU.O
1S2.0
1 b4 . 0
160.0
1 h 1 . 0
1^4.0
1V3.0
1H2.0
201 .U
2o v . 1
223.0
224. 1
2 S • 0
274.0
2 ? v . I)
2 V f . 0
2' t*\J(i^ 1
3 i Au<''fu
09btP81
15St(-f 1
1 S^h M H 1
? 2 S t P tl 1
0 1 1'C T ^ 1
Of,oCTH 1
2 lOCTf 1
?buC T 6 1
2f.uCTfil
270CT81
niDtCHl
04UkC81
ISIItCHl
1
:23:b8
: 1 v : ^9
:0b: 14
:07:2b
:13:40
:13:16
:li:31
: 10:41
: 1 8 : 48
:14:32
|OH:b3
: 1 fi : 1 2
: 14 : b3
: 1 4 : 35
: 1 1 ibb
: j M : 25
: 2 1 : 1 2
: '{? ; o,J
:13:27
|2n:20
: 1 4 : b4
: 1 7 : 4 7
; j 5 : ^4
•07-48
: 1 H : 4 1
: 16: 16
:19:37
: i ^> : S3
:03: 13
: 1 7 : ? 3
• ^0 * 0*»
: 18:.T3
! 1 b ! b9
: (jf, ; (jb
: J4; | 4
; |p; 1 14
: Oft -.27
: 2 1 : 0 7
:ii:b7
: 18:00
:il :33
O 1 M - _J 1 \jn U3 —
l^Fthbl
20FfB81
06MARbl
1 7MAh81
31MAR81
02APR81
0 t>^H^B 1
10APR81
1 1APRB1
13APR81
1 ^* APK b 1
18AHR81
01MAY81
11MAY81
11MAYH1
15MAY81
1 VM A Y b 1
r^&M A Y B I
31MAY81
02JUN81
lOJIJNbl
1 1JUN81
1 4 JUN8 1
23JUMH1
01JUL81
2 1 JUL8 1
2 V JUL8 1
1 1AUG81
12AUG81
31AUG81
IbStPBl
1 ^>S>tPH 1
22SKP81
020CT01
ObOClol
240C T81
?SOC 181
260CT81
270CT81
OlDtCBl
04UEC81
IbUECBl
:19
:10
:03
:07
:06
= 01
:il
:j°
:03
:19
:03
\\l
;22
: lo
: 0 3
: 02
:il
:12
: 10
• 10
: 09
:12
: 02
:20
! }°-
ioe
: 17
:04
:19
:10
:22
:08
:?3
:19
:19
•po
:20
:ib
TI2
ibO
|57
:07
:09
:30
:b7
J21
:40
•
:18
:29
:16
:bO
:ib
!bo
: 40
: 25
:53
:17
:21
: 49
• 52
:27
: 2S
:39
:03
HI
U2
I AA
:S9
:34
!31
:S1
:12
:07
i^I
:3b
:il
FLO
0.03
0.09
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.01
0.41
0.04
0.13
0.07
0.08
0.10
O.Ob
0.04
O.Oti
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.10
0.04
0.05
0.09
0.14
0.15
0.02
0.16
0.06
0.24
0.09
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.07
0.06
0.11
0.03
0.0?
0.05
5AMNO CMT
27.0
45.0
25.0
69.0
!a:8
36.0
33.0
24.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.0 1.6
31.0
8.0
.0
.0
30.0 1.6
1.3 2.2
2.3 2.2
3.3 2.2
20.0 2.2
15.0 1.0
23.0 2.0
5.0 1.0
6.0 .0
5.0 .0
5.0 .0
7.0 .0
9.0 .0
2.0 .0
24.0 .0
12.0 .0
20.0 .0
10.0 .0
4.0
7.0
11.0
3.0
9.0
7.0
3.0
3.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
18.0 1.6
5.0 1.0
41 .0
5.0
15.0
4.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
13.0 1.0
11.0 1.0
6.0 1.0
B.O 1.0
2.0
7.0
.0
.0
PRECIP '
0.31
0.85
0.49
0.59
X:!i
0.38
0.40
0.34
0.08
0.68
O.'l2
,
0.19
1.33
0.44
0.50
0.14
0.20
0.29
0.32
0.63
0.28
0.12
0.60
0.10
0.59
0.10
0.14
0.10
1.20
1.92
1 • ?5
O.lf
0.39
0.74
0.56
0.57
0.56
0.69
0.22
0.56
0.63
0.43
0.44
o.oe
0.20
-------
STATION HUNUFF DATA
I
en
OHS
345
346
347
34H
349
350
352
353
354
355
356
357
35M
351*
360
361
362
363
364
365
.166
367
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
Or
3 M t>
3tt7
3*8
390
391
39?
STK'-'NO
29-<.Ol)
32?. 00
32^.00
332.00
33.01
3.t.0?
39.00
42.00
50. 00
51.00
53.10
64.00
99.00
102.00
121.00
1 3 1 . (I li
13V.OO
!«»••*: 0(1
15d.OO
15?. OU
1M .00
1^4.00
171 .00
1 7?. 00
185.00
20V. 00
223.00
227.00
242.00
25". 00
29r> . OU
299.00
STKMUO
^04.0
204. 1
211.0
214.0
2 1 1 . 0
216.1
231 .0
w
254 . o
^
f
26^.0
i^ h 9 • 0
269.0
TYPE
?
£
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
|
2
2
?
2
c
2
p>
2
2
2
f
2
2
T YPK
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
?
Til
?5uCT*o:os:39
1 7KUVfco: 15:59
24UOVP.O : 1 0 : 22
27uovwO:21 :04
0?Kh HH 1 : Ofi : 27
02H.'ttH| : 12: 13
Otu tHHl : 13:43
1 1 !• t H
-------
STATION PUNOFF DATA
OHS
393
394
3^5
39^
)9 f
39H
3V9
400
40 1
4H2
403
404
405
40b
407
40H
40V
410
41 1
412
413
4 14
415
4 If,
417
4JH
41S)
420
421
422
423
4?S
*»2*}
42?
42*
42'i
4 JO
4J1
432
433
43'4
435
436
437
43M
439
440
441
442
443
444
4 4 1>
44f)
ST^r'NO TYPt
269.0 2 <
2^9. 0 2 <
2b9. 1) 2 <
3 <
276.0 2 (
1 (
1 /
299.0 2 <
1 <
302.0 2 <
1 (
3()'».0 2 (
1
329.0 <: e
332.0 <> ,
1 (
1 (
1
1
1 ,
1 <
52.0 2 • 0 2 '
! i i
161.1 2
bl«=DlUKO
Til
^5Sr HH.O : OH : 06
fb^ti-'HO : 1 0 :5b
?5st HMO : 12: 43
'V^h PHO : 1 2:45
j?OClHii:2J :50 030CT80:
J60tTbO: 10:00
:'00:09:25
:?50CTHO:o9:oo 250CT80:
?7nt,T8<>: 10:20
••ROCl 10:06:20 280CT80:
)3NJOVMO:Ob:30
j4N|(.)vfio:o«: 1 3 04NOV80:
OhUVrtO: 14:45
'4NOVMo:o3: Id 25MOV80:
'7Nl.)VHO: lb:bb 28NOV80:
JIDtCHo: I4:4b
JHUtCBO : Ob: 30
SDtCHO: 10:30
^2UtCHn: I4:2b
'hjANHl : 14:20
j9FtbMi : i 3:50
>1F> HM : 00 : 1 0 21F EH61 :
J2Ftr?Hl : 12:OB 2^f tBbl :
UMAMMI : 16:00 06MAH61:
^MukM] : 14 ; lb
>3MAk^l : )4 : Ob
iOM*xw^i:o7:5t4 31MAKbl*
1 At'kHl : 1 3: 19 OlAHRtti:
)bAMK81 : lh:()0
IVAPkMl :()9:22 OVAPR81:
2/JpWHi;i7:40 13ApW8ls
4APKH1 : l 7: Ob 14AHK61:
7AP^81» 09*12 17APKt?l5
'OAHKM1 : 14:40
7APtvt?| : J4j 35
lOAPPMi :23:()3 OlMAYbi:
) l MA YH i : ov: 3b 0?MAYbl :
)4MAYbl : 14:30
0">AY«1 : 14 : ?4 10MAYS1:
Or-'*Yftl :20: 15 10MAYB1:
IMA»MJ:O?SOH llMAYfli:
iMAYbl : 1 1:0'2 JlMAYHi:
JMAYH1 = 19:51 1 1MAY81 :
a"AYHl:oo:47 IPMAYrtl!
SMAYPI : 1 1 :SO 1SMAY81 :
HMAYMl I 1 3 !45
1JU(4H1 : 1?:20 01JUN81:
)2JUMH1 '• 03:50 02JUN81:
)bjUN«l : lb:05
ojijNHl : in: 12 10JUNH1:
,
TI2
B
,
i
0^:02
.
15:00
12:10
1^:15
9
03:0^
08:bO
,
.
t
t
w
12:41
12:36
09: lo
•
11:50
1?: 15
9
15 : J2
04:27
18:5f<
13:45
•
12:oO
00:56
13:i;y
17:50
21 :53
08:51
}6:16
23:32
17:46
14:10
9
(J9 * <4?
2?:02
22:00
09:03
20:10
FLO
0.1340
0.0407
0.0186
0.0686
O.lbOO
0.0021
0.0105
7.1 100
0-. 0234
0.1100
O.OK3
O.B200
0.0073
1 .0200
0 .4200
0 . 01 05
0.0021
0.0073
0.0143
0.0021
0.0143
0. 1800
0.6600
0.1300
0.0234
0.0186
0.2900
0.^000
0.0186
0.4800
0.9100
0.5400
0.4100
0.0050
O.OIBb
0.2600
0.4400
3.6000
0.0186
0.3600
1 .2200
O.?b00
l.BdOO
1.1400
0.5HOO
0.6400
0.0166
0.4200
0.4200
0.6600
0.1400
2.3200
0.02«b
0.9200
SAMNO CMT
4.6 1.0
5.6 1.0
6.6 1.0
1.0
5.0 1.0
1.0
1.0
12.0 1.0
1.0
6.0 1.0
1.0
11.0 2.5
1.0
12.0 1.0
4.0 1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
5.0 1.0
30.0 1.0
5.0 2.2
1.0
1.0
16.0 1.0
8.0 2.4
1.0
10.0 .0
15.0 .0
6.0 .0
5.0 .0
1.0
8^
.0
4.0 .0
33.0 2.1
1 .0 .
6.0 .0
10.0 .0
4.0 .0
11.0 .0
6.0 .0
10.0 -0
6.0 .0
1.0
4.0 .0
a.o .0
5.0 .0
4.0 .0
14.0 .0
1.0
8.0 1.0
PRfCIP
f
,
0.37
,
0.51
.
^
2.25
,
0.04
,
0.28
.
0.78
0.37
.
.
.
.
m
0.09
0.85
0.37
m
.
0.52
0.21
,
0.25
0.56
0.10
0.17
•
0.12
0.10
0.72
o! 12
0.17
0.07
0.44
0.21
0.22
0.18
f
0.41
0.05
o.oe
0.21
0.50
^
0.17
-------
m
OI5S SlKi-'NO TfHE
4^7 164.0 2
44H 1 7 1 . (J 2
4 *+9 1 7^ ' « 0 2
450 . 1
451 r/fc.o 2
4bt>4 ^ 32 • u **
4 fib . \
466 <;69.i) 2
40 / 269 .11 2
46ft £69.U 2
469 ^69.0 2
4 7 (1 . 1
""'] . • '
•«O ' *° I" l
474 rJVS.I) 'S
4fb . 1
4/f 309^0 2
4 7H . 1
4 79 322. 0 2
4 HO J32 • 0 2
4fU . 1
4 ri f* 33/.0 2
4 M j 3 3 / . 0 d
"^ ' '. 1
4^56 J-^^.iJ d
4F ? . 1
4MV ! 1
4MO 3^.0 2
491 • 1
49^ SO.O 2
493 bl.O 2
444 bf?.0 2
SI A
Til
1 3JUNH1 :?! :47
20 JUn81 : 15:53
<>\ JIINHJ : 19 :08
22JUHB1 : 1^:22
25JUMH 1 : ?0 : 20
29JUMH1 : !"»: 15
02JUL>M :23: 01
04JULP1 : 05:47
1 3JUL«1 : 13:40
20JULHI : 14:35
r*4 Ji >L ^ 1 : 1 3 : 52
^bJULHl :07:24
27JULH1 : 14: 33
03ALK)H j : \u :t,y
TI t
0 1 «(J'jHO : 14 : 30
16Auo8o:o?:49
1 H A \j\?H 0*06: 12
19AlibHO: 07:31
OASK(--H(): 15:ob
2^tKMniofri32
i'SSti-HO: lo:o5
irS<;t MHO: 1 3:06
2'J^t MHO '• 1 3 : 00
06OCT80: 10110
1 1 (1C T^-0 : 1 5 : 3v
200CTMO: 10:50
2'iOClAo :OH : ID
270C 180 : 10 : 3b
0.iNUV8o:Ob: 3U
04Nuy/8o:ori:27
10MOVHO : 14:50
1 /NiJViO : 15:41
/•7MOVHO: 16:?0
I) intern: ]4!bO
O^Ut.CHO : 1 9 : n»«
02DtCho : 20 : 04
Oi^f'EC^O'^l : 12
o?.ntCMO:OH:30
09l)tCho: 10:0b
1513tC«o: 10:30
22ULCHO: 13:50
t;6jAN^ 1 : 1 4 : 20
UfjFtf-H 1 : 10:21
09 Ft. i* HI : 1J:50
19FLHH1 :?J:00
<*i.iFh.h8| : O9:<»r
21F trtBl :00:30
now HUNOFF DATA
C T A — C. 1 llOt\7
TI2
14JUN81 04: 09
20JHN81 18:20
2 1 JUN8 1 2 1 : 54
25JUNH1 2?:b5
.
03JUL81 00:01
04JUL81 15:15
,
f
24JUL81 16:47
25JUL81 07:54
^
04AUG81 13:15
T12
01AUG80: 17:43
16Ai)G80:09:45
16AU080: 09:2B
19AUG60: 1 1 :43
.
•
.
,
•
1 lOCTbO: 17: 10
9
^^OCTbO s 15 • Ib
a
*
04NOV80: 14:30
^
18NOVfO:02:22
28NOV80:05:05
*
^
,
f
.
090tCbO: 15:S5
B
*
08FEP81 : 16: 19
,
20FE.H81 :o6:00
20FEH81 : 14:44
21FtHbi:i2:09
FLO
1.7100
0.6600
4. 1600
0.0143
3.2300
0.0045
1.2700
7.0700
0.0143
0.0045
0.6500
3.8500
0.0686
0.1200
FLO
1.4400
0.0400
0.3500
0.2800
0.0061
0.0406
0.1176
0.0406
0.0121
0.0089
0.0009
2.3600
0.0018
6.2000
0.0089
0.0089
0.3400
0.0038
0.9200
0.4900
0.0158
0.1275
0.3280
0.1275
0.0089
0.3200
0.0018
0.0018
0.0018
0.3000
0.0121
0.9000
0.2500
0.3000
SAMNO
14
3
14
12
1
4
16
1
7
6
1
10
SAMNO
7.0
3.0
5.0
12.0
1.0
1.4
2.4
3.4
4.4
1.0
1.0
5.0
1.0
11.0
1.0
1.0
6.0
1.0
8.0
5.0
1.0
t • 3
3.3
1.0
4.0
.0
.0
.0
3.0
.0
1 .0
4.0
4.0
CMT
1.0
1.0
1 .0
*
1.0
ilo
1.0
1.0
2.2
2l2
CMT
1.0
1.0
1.0
1 .0
.
1 .0
i.o
1.0
1.0
9
B
1.0
i!o
*
.
1.0
i!o
1.0
ilo
1.0
1.0
i!o
,
.
1 .0
9
1.0
1.0
1.0
PRECIP
0.45
0.12
0.38
o'.s\
0^22
1.98
m
9
0.21
.
0.38
PRECIP
0.67
0.10
0.42
0.17
.
•
.
0.37
m
m
0.05
.
2.25
»
.
0.28
.
1.05
0.37
*
.
*
0.05
.
0.17
,
«
,
0.20
t
0.33
0.04
0.09
-------
STATION RUNOFF DATA
00
Oh 3
4vS
496
497
4^f4
499
51)0
bul
-SU2
503
bi'4
bl'b
b 06
Sn7
S(.;H
Si) -t
sio
51 1
512
513
5 1 u
bib
Sit,
51 /
blrt
519
^)f^{)
521
S£^*
br*3
3£4
S^^
526
527
52')
529
5 JO
531
S Jir?
S 3 J
534
Of.?
53S
S.T/
b.18
54U
541
542
STl • 0
^
2,s.o
Sl^o
29'vIu>J
3 OS'. 0(1
J 1 <4 . 0 U
v*It!i
3 /* * • 0 )
332. UU
TYPt
2
1
1
2
^
^
1
^
d
d
\
d
£
1
2
2
2
1
2
d
1
2
1
2
^
^
2
1
£
1
2
^>
2
1
1
d
^
i
TYPE
|
^
^
j>
• 2
Til
^jr,. HH] : 09: 10
09M(\K^1 : 14: is
23MrtPf< 1 : 14 : OS
30"<;KH| :OH: 1 j
ni At^WH) : i 3:40
OSAHPrtj : 13:29
06ACKK1 : 16:00
09AijpHi : u9 : 43
l^At-WH) : i«: 13
14APR81 : 1 1 :42
17APK8] : l o :07
^OAPPHl • 14*45
23ApHKi:?l:n
27APHH1 :03: 32
27AHP.H1 • 14:45
3nAr>WHl : 09: 35
01MAY«j!fo:5b
0 4 M A Y H 1 : 14: i j
1 HAYbl •' 1 1 :?5
1 S^AYM 1 : 1 2 : Ob
ItlMAYfM • 13»4b
^9MAfH| I 'd \ • 22
UttJUNM : 14:54
IP JUNK 1 : 18 : 19
1 SJUN'Jl :22: 00
20J'JNhl : 15:23
d 1 JiJ'1'^ 1 • 20 : 22
2? JON8 1 : 1 4 : 2y
25 Jl iNtfl '20J41
29 JuNtf 1 : 14 : 25
02JUl.fi! : 13:35
03jiJL81 :04:&o
04 JULH 1 : 02 : 51
13JUL8) : 13:SO
^ 0 JUL t^ 1 * I'+'SS
2** juLBI : 1^:24
^SJuLBl I 0 7 J 44
'°
.0
•IT
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PRECIP
0.85
9
0.52
0.21
0.38
0^25
0.56
0.10
0.17
0.*48
0.08
9 \
0.12
0.10
0.72
Ol44
0.18
oloe
Oil?
0.45
0.12
0.38
olsi
Olo7
0.15
1 .90
w
0.21
1.43
0.38
PRECIP
0.91
.
,
1.25
1.32
olao
-------
STATION PUNOFF DATA
bub
b47
bun
bbO
bbl
bb3
bbn
bbb
bb6
bb7
bbl
b^2
bM
b6b
ti'ltt
bos'
b/U
b71
572
57'.
575
b'bl
ibl . 0
3-)Io
•42lo
^.1 ID
':> J . 11
l.tv.d
W 1 . i.
Sb.C
1 0 / . 0
1 lil.ll
1 3D. (I
1 Jb.D
lbb.0
1/1.0
lh2.U
2 1 «. 0
.3.1
2b I . 0
300.0
304.0
33b.O
Til
09ULCPO:1?::
: 1 b: 1 1
: IjSb'O
piARj* I : OS1: O1*
uHrfhl :15:12
1 : 10 :t
17APKH1:11 : Ib
: 01:55
iOh: 15
:lb:3b
llr'HV
i20:i?l
i^d:57
. i 1 7 : (l 1
?IUUMH1:UC!56
OU'lLf'l :07! 10
03JULH1 : ISJcJt)
2H JULHJ : 10 : irs*
1
31AOL-bl : ] 1 : IV
36
2*>uCT81 : l?:3y
?70(;rHl :o?!'.2
t 16:<«o
1 ?SLP61:0«:1«
OlOCTAI:21:14
1MUCIB1\\7\2
TI2
10UEC80:10:40
IbUECBO:18:34
23DEC80:20:28
03FEHHi:Oi:20
08FEbbl:l5:iO
20FEH81:;
OSAPPbl
09APR81
17APH81
20APR81
12MAY81
03JUN61
04JUN81
20JUN81
OlJULbl
03JULbl
irOJULbj
ObAUObl
30AUGU1
OMStPbl
:13!22
\IM
iOblbb
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:04:Io
:23:07
15:53
12J24
06J34
5JOO
1 7! 17
75EPHJ
OlUtCHl : 1 1 :
?60CTbl '•
06MOV81:
FLO
0.13
0.19
0.20
0.47
0.22
0.<»6
0.30
0.21
olou
0.36
0. 19
0.18
0.4ft
0.36
0.25
O.b7
0.17
1 .07
0.67
1.25
O.S9
1 .OH
1.25
0.15
O.b9
0.24
0.33
:07:00 O.JO
:23:04 0.20
2(C
0.05
0.28
0.35
0.58
0.14
SAMNO
9
8
7
32
56
34
22
3
4
22
2
45
14
9
20
4
24
13
23
1 1
30
10
22
6
CMT
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1 .0
1.0
1:8
1:8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1 .0
2.3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1:8
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.0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
PRECIP
0.20
0.06
0.05
1.25
0.26
ol3b
0.52
0.88
0.31
0.31
0.29
0.2B
o!o6
o.oa
1.53
ol56
0.22
0.82
0.28
0.14
1.63
oluo
8.02
0.56
1.4Q
0.32
1.46
8:ii
0.25
0.54
ol33
0.53
-------
STATION WUNOFF DATA
I
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S8<
Sbh
5^
5M9
540
S.41
b4T
b4a
545
5v6
597
598
549
600
601
602
hll<«
hii-^
606
h(l 7
60 H
bli'-y
t. 1 0
61 1
t> i i?
613
bl4
6lb
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614
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621
622
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610
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244.11
322lu
324.0
3-44 . 0
33.0
3-v.o
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53.0
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101 .U
0 <+ . 0
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30 .0
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1 1 AHH"i 1
1 U A P K h 1
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1 0 M A Y 8 1
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19MAY81
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32
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10
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STATION RUNOFF DATA
UHS STK
632 2/7
633 277
63* ell
63b ///
636 2^2
6.17 ,-',2
6<»0 d^d
6tl d^f
6*3 292
f,i»h i;4V
6^7 jO^
648 J2S,
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6~>0 M^
6SI 3^H
6 ""> 2 3 j
6 b ) '-i'i
6bM 101
6bb ' 130
6b6 1 3 1
6b/ 13,1
6b^ 139
6b9 14W
660 14ii
661 149
66? IbO
663 1S2
66'* Ibb
6t>7> !->/
6H6 171
6t,/ ltd
6r>n 1 /t>
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03DL THO : i 3
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1 HOC! HO: 0'9
lHUClbO:09
1'HKrflo: 10
iMOCTbO: 10
IHdC (Ho : i i
2b"C I HO : 0*
0 't ' •! 0 V H 0 • OH
2'»'H)V*iO.: l()
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d 7 lfi u V H 0 : S f
OOULLHO: 14
0 pi' ^ it j- 1 : o o
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19M4Y81 : 14
<>flMA YH 1 : 15
29^A YH 1 : 14
(i 1 JUK"?! : 15
06 jui'i^ 1:01
2fl vH)!'-*''1 1*12
2 1 JuNH i : 20
2bJUwfi 1 : i 9
0?JUL^ 1 : IS
OlJULH 1 : 16
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07/UH>rtj ;23
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: 10
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: 10
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24NOVbO
2f^NOV80
OSUKCHO
OVAPWR1
1 3APK6 1
1 1MAY61
1 IMAYbl
19MAY81
2HMAYH1
30MAYbl
02JUNbl
OSJUN81
06JUNH1
20JUNB1
26JUN81
03JUL81
OSJUL81
P'JJULHl
06AUOH1
020C181
2/OCTbl
02UtCbl
IbUECbl
23l)tC81
1 1
: 02
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: 08
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• 0 1
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: 09
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: 45
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• 06
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m
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FLO
0.00100
0.00100
0.00100
0.00400
0.03000
0.06000
0.06000
0.06000
0.05000
0.05000
0.04000
0.03000
0.03000
0.00500
0.86000
0.16000
1.40000
0.52000
0.12000
0.1 1000
0.76000
0.53000
0.58000
0.44000
0.49000
0.10000
0.50000
0.32000
0.65000
0.71000
0.45000
0.72000
0.7bOOO
0.65000
0. 19784
0.26000
0.15152
0.06592
0.53000
1 .56000
0.52764
8.41000
.30000
0.26611
0.48000
0.12000
0.19000
0.19666
SAMNO O
1.4
2.4
3.4
4.4
1.1
2.1
3.1
eli
9.}
10.1
67.
4.
34.
1.
2.
3.
48.
12.
65.
16.
18.
4.
18.
7.
13.
2*l
45.
33.
10.
7.
4.
3.
5.
56.
99.
6.
1§."
2.
29.
6.
9.
4.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IT PRECIP
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
1.50
•
0.30
0.20
1.21
0.28
0.91
0.37
0.31
0.22
0.27
0 0.18
0 1 0.27
0
0
0.46
0.17
0 1 0.41
0 2 0.22
0 1
0 1 0.20
0 1 0.11
0 1 0.10
0
0
0.31
1 .46
0 1 1.72
0 1 0.26
§
0
0
0.49
1 .46
0.44
1.54
0 1 0.62
0 1 1.00
0 1 0.14
-------
unS
t>« 1
f •• n (->
I
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/IMJ
7(11
7im
707
/OH
709
710
711
712
71 J
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7? 3
729
730
7)1
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733
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2'*v. (i
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1 (I I. IJ
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id'^Iu
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1U2.0
1(12.0
ll"l2'I(J
1 YPt
STATION HUNOFF DATA
Til
?SuCrAo:OSt 1 1
I:OS:37
i:07: 1 I
i:07:4S
i: 10: b 3
i:11:28
i:j2:ol
2S((Cl8o: 15:15
;««:17:bO
09utCHo:12'bl
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. : 17:00
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ObAI-^C 1 : If" :<*9
HI : in:36
H 1 : j j : o /
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: 19:11
i : 19:32
.\
?.i
?.i
.0 0.20
.0 0.16
.0 0.28
.0 0.80
.0 1.27
.0 0.90
.0 0.09
.0 1.66
.0 0.60
.0
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.0 0.28
.0
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.0 0.30
.0
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.0
.0
.0
:8 :
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.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-------
STATION RUNOFF DATA
I
CO
O'.S
/3<4
7Jb
7 3^>
737
7')?
739
7^* 0
7M
1'*?.
7<»3
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1 <-*t~*t
7**O
7*4 7
7nH
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7SO
7S1
7r?
7b**
7S5
7^7
7bH
7V'
7iii-
7ol
7^^
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7 r*<4
7 f» t>
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7>i 7
7»jM
7/.I
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0
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14AHk«l
01MAY81
1 IMAY81
1 1MAY81
15MAY61
1 ^MA y H 1
28MAY81
02JUN81
03JUM81
06JUN81
10JUM81
I4JUN81
01JUL81
01JUL81
20JUL81
?HJULH1
06AU081
08AUG81
16AUGH1
30AUOH1
31AUGH1
OSSLHdl
O^UCToi
IbOCTbl
i"«OCT81
06MOVbl
OlDtCM
Ib
T12
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: 19: 10
102:28
: 14:36
: 18:26
: 20 : 52
: 15!^b
:07:07
:23|39
:06:27
:01 : 18
: 15:b6
• ??• ?5
• 1 8 ! 59
; 12145
: 2 1 : o 1
I 1 5 : 48
:07:33
; 12135
t 0 1 S46
: 1 1 : AO
: 1 S : 34
:06: J5
:il|05
:04:06
:o?:^3
:23:03
FLO
0.75000
0.50000
0.46000
1.50000
0.96000
0.21000
0.21000
0.21000
0.04000
0.28000
1.04000
1 .8«000
0.79000
1.12000
0.91000
0.40000
0.19060
0.1 7000
0.29000
0.40580
0.76000
1.70000
1 .42000
0.55000
1.54000
0.21000
0.06000
3.96000
0.67000
0.42000
0.39000
0.26000
0.76000
0.57000
0.78000
0.40000
0.36000
0.49000
0.29000
1.30000
0.32000
0. 45005
0.29762
0.35000
SAMNO
10.18
11. IB
12.18
13.18
14.18
15.18
16.18
17.18
18.18
10.00
1.30
2.30
3.30
29.00
6.00
4.00
4.00
2.00
2.00
6.00
6.00
'1:88
6.00
5.00
3.00
4.00
10.00
2.00
o.OO
6.00
4.00
26.00
4.00
13.00
11.00
4.00
17.00
14.00
3.00
16.00
463:88
9.00
CMT
1.0
1.0
1.0
1 .0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
i.o
1.0
1.0
i.o
1.0
1.0
i.o
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
i.o
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
i.o
1.0
i .0
i.o
1.0
1.0
1:8
2.2
PRECIP
9
4
,
m
.
.
m
^
*
0.36
.
^
0.26
1 .64
0.50
0.42
0.36
0.28
0.31
0.42
0.60
8:*8
0.52
0.40
0.22
0^94
0.10
0.69
0.15
0.46
2.10
0.39
1.40
1.30
0.33
1.23
0.53
0.19
0.72
Ol22
0.87
-------
STATION P.UNOFF DATA
01 IS SI".'
r/b ?,'h
1 /v
van
781
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7*3
78b
7H'i
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7dH 3JV
7V(j
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7^2
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15UECK(i: 14
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03JUNH1 j?2
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1SAUG80:21:5
1«NOVHO|07|P
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16HA(<81 :20:3
30MAK31 :23: It
01APN81 :22:3:
09APK81 :ib:3:
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1 1MAYH1 :0t>: 1C
1
llMAYbl :?i:0(
1 O^A Yd) *00»^
1 VMAyBI :0o:^i
c-cJMA Ybl • 16 : b<
i
02JUN61 !09:0
04JUNbj :00: H
06JUNH1 : 16:3'
«
lOJUNel : 12:bi
> FLO
r i.«5o
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.630
1.220
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.490
J 0 .490
0.100
0.010
0.020
0.130
» o°:?oo°
1 °o:^
5 0.3SO
> 0.250
' 5.380
I 0.020
0.010
) 0.290
0.010
> 0.130
' o:88§
) 0.230
0.020
) O.lbO
' O.U70
0.005
I 0.000
0.140
> O.H?0
0.005
0 .2*0
' I'290
. 0.070
0.005
. 0.220
SAMNO
23
1
1
1
1
j
1
2!
i
i
i
t
i
i
i
13
4?
6
i
5
5
f
12
i
7
i
2
57
7
1
6
3
1
3
1
4
'i
1
6
CMT
1
9
9
9
,
•
.
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1
m
.
9
9
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9
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
1
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PRECIP
e
9
m
9
9
9
•
.
,
1.05
1.25
,
,
0
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9
1.27
ol&o
9
0.21
Ol33
o!o4
8:]|
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0^6
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0.10
1 .64
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.
0.42
0.36
olae
0.31
.0.42
.
0.60
0.60
0.30
.
0.52
-------
STATION WUNOFF DATA
en
CHS S|i'i--4li
S32 1;>4
tO3 1 1 \
H.14 1 ft
b'JS If. 3
djh l.>b
M j / r- (i 1
r 3t>
fcO9 2'"*
>(•»(] •> 4 3 .
H.44 242
«4b tr^il
H46 2'->tf
H<4 7
h<'c
tf > /
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nS-V
ci'-i) J.lb
no 1
U~.S $]^.'l"JU
6*2 2h3 ^bb 26-1.0
*'>h 2*0.11
fc'c/ 2Mr-.0
int." d*-*c • 0
O'-V t"lr!'0
h'V fTV^.l)
H / J £V^. I)
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o/3 . 344.t;
H/4 _)->•'..(;
a '/ b /•• i . o
H7<: Jj.ll
H77 j/.n
h 7 r< 4 f . ii
M7V -7(1.11
lype TI
? 1.1JU'-i81
? 20JUNH1
2 2-iJi^!hl
? 0?JULH1
2 04JULrl
2 2DJULH1
1 f/JUL*-l
2 ^r-.JULMl
2 nhAlll-Hl
? OUAIJfjril
1 inuui'Hl
1 24AI,'('fil
? 30 "UGH 1
2 O^stPBl
2 Ib^Kktl
1 ?lSt^«l
2 0 1 u<- T e 1
1 PbnCTMl
1 l^ncr*-!
? l"i;l.. Tel
^ 230CTH1
2 rSuCIf-1
1 O^MUVHl
^ n^f;UVHl
\ (IV»H(IVbl
1 lf-i;UVfrl
1 23iJOV^l
1 JONOVHl
2 0 lot Cm
1 07uKf.nl
TYPt TI
2 IHbfcPfU)
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2 lUbEPSO
? ^Ibt^HO
2 rMlffr.i)
? IboCTWO
2 IHuClbO
^ DuCTHU
2 luiiCTHO
? IS^UCTHO
2 2/^OVttO
2 0^l;tC«0
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? 21J6IYM
? OPf-'thHl
^ O^htHhl
2 IULHH1
2 IVKtltS)
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01
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13
Ob
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0V
12
12
Ul
11
12
OP.
i?
Ir
21
1 1
12
17
in
17
10
01
10
10
09
0V
10
10
03
06
10
19
21
20
22
01
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• 12
Ih
\'c
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114
:o*
10
04
22
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:4d
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:b5
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: 12
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: 14
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:b9
:b2
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STA=51UW16
14JUN81 :
20JUNbl :
26JUNbl :
02JUL81 :
04JUL01 :
-------
ION KUNOFF DATA
OtS
mil)
•if 3
140
H')d
'MID.
"U I
"Or
"I! '
•) I) ••,
Sii7
V10
VI 1
VI 3
VI V
S 1 r<•. o
1 M .o
)
. .0
-.0
' (i t .0
' } •:>. U
f--> i • o
'd^r* • 0
(-•nil . 0
<.' / II . 0
c: »^ . II
i 't- . 0
j'.JUN81 :04:56
03JUL81 :p8|29
2SJUL81 :21 :26
r-/JULbl :07t4b
03AUG81 !19t36
06AUGB1 : la:4b
12AUGB1 ! 11 !56
31AUG81 :09:28
31AUGttl :?2:04
OBSEPB1!1B:00
17SEP81!03:S4
1BSEP81 :09:41
?7StP81 :23:47
070CT81 106:55
240CT81 :0b:?2
?60CTbl :0«:57
270CTbl :01 !OH
ObNOVHl : 10:t5
O^UtCbl '-08S39
ObUtCBl :04S06
FLO
0.25
oloe
8 '36
8:ft
8:89
0.32
0.06
0.16
0.17
0.20
0 . 54
0.11
0.05
0.06
0.15
0.22
0.18
0.08
0.25
0.41
0.07
0.19
0.31
0.12
0.23
0.01
0.34
8:33
oln
0.21
0.1?
0.17
0.10
0.13
8:?|
0:12
0.09
SAMNO
39
3
?9
2?
^
5
5
42
10
1 4
6
30
9
19
9
90
!8
16
11
18
2
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32
^
7
2
29
3
9
5
6
12
27
18
4
CMT
2.2
1.0
1:8
1:8
1:8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1:8
j.o
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
?:§
1.0
1.0
1.0
PHECIP
1.10
0.19
8:2!
8:9?
8:11
0.29
0.15
1.19
0.46
0.62
0.32
0.29
0.24
0.23
0.37
0.79
0.43
0.56
0.21
0.65
0.14
o.ia
1.31
0.13
0.34
°:18
1.25
0.28
2.22
0.38
. 0.28
0.13
0.56
?:le
0.64
0.5B
.
-------
STATION RUNOFF DATA.
0,b ST,,.V,0
•'23 JV 1)
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:
-------
co
STATION HUNOFF DATA
U->S SIi-1-.MO TrPf Til TI2
v(^r> c-ih ? (SSt^Hl 17:^1 lbSt>8 1 : Ob:21 4
:^h? ,-,'TI 's ;V'Sh-'M 14:06 ?£StK81 :2l)!0l 15
^'•n <• /<• ? (iliiLlHl 17:1J 020CT81 :04:02 11
.-y-v ;;/>< c1 ()M.iC(M |fi:bh 060CT 8 1 : 1 4 : 37 15
v^o >"^l 2 IMuCTbl ln:ib 180CT81 : 18:42 2
v/1 <^ -»b ? 2rii)CTt'P 1 : 09:20 0.
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4/V 1 nSuCT(v!uHl:oH:3n ol
vt^ 1 30i>iuvhi :on:45 0.
"x1 1 1 07L*fcLti 1 : OH : 55 0.
FLO
156
125
.18
.25
.75
.84
.63
120
.51
LO
035
029
028
014
420
019
035
023
023
014
Oil
SAMNO CMT
10 j
9 9
4 1
2 1
9 1
2 1
18 1
5 1
6 1
3 1
SAMNO CMT
1
1
4!
1
!
i
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PRECIP
0.90
0.3B
0.49
0.26
0.16
0.61
?• 1 **
• 16
0.32
0.35
'
PRECIP
1 16
V
-------
STATION NUTPItNT OAT*
OHS
14*
149
1 '_iO
1 *"* 1
152
1S3
154
1-S5
IS6
157
15H
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1-3
1 64
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1-9
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200
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293.no
393.i)i)
39 .-^ • ij o
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39?. It,
392. 1 !l
393. 1 0
392. lo
293. 11
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2^3. In
393. 1"
2v3. 1 ii
292.1"
'f'-tf'. 111
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1 HOC 1 Mil
1 ^UCTnO
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19:1" 0.12000 . . 2.88 8.44 0.65 0.36 0.23
lo:iu 0.12000 . . 2.19 7.63 . . 0.20
11:19 0.09000 . . 2.11 7.43 0.73 0.61 0.18
12:27 0.0-000 . . 3.07 7.43 0.83 0.62 0.20
U:13 0.03000 . . 1.99 7.43 0.41 0.34 0.18
|h:4H 0.58000 . . 1.48 1.80 . . 0.19
\h-^^ i).«2(lou . . 1.4b 1.35 . . 0.16
17:|f 0.13000 . . 3.4b 1.62 . . 0.67
17:^3 d.12000 . . 1.36 1.62 . . 0.34
lf:2f 0.33000 . . 1.02 0.99 . . 0.23
|n:^4 1. 11000 2.SM 1.30 0.43 0.45 0.59 0.18 0.18
If.jV 0.09000 . 3.33 0.80 0.69 . 0.64 0.64
lt<:<44 O.H9000 3.14 .61 0.58 0.59 0.65 0.50 0.41
)H:SO O.»>7000 . l.«5 .53 0.62 0.47 0.54 0.44 0.39
1><:57 0.42000 1.65 .44 0.58 0.41 0.48 0.46 0.36
19:07 0.".3000 1.52 .24 0.50 0.33 0.44 0.38 0.31
19:15 0.43000 1.30 .22 0.48 0.33 0.39 0.36 0.31
\'>'.-f"t 0.43000 . . 0.7h 0.33 . • 0.33
i(;::n o.wooo i-hL> i«JJ 0.52 0.33 0.45 0.38 0.32
l'<:44 0.33000 . . 0.58 0.37 . . 0.40
|-):VT U..OOOO . . 0.76 0.41 . . 0.40
?(i:il 0.21000 . . 0.58 0.43 . . 0.35
20:39 0.31000 . . 0.63 0.43 . . 0.36
2M :«n 0.6/000 . . 0.90 0.25 . . 0.44
30:^3 1.11000 . . 0.36 0.21 . . 0.12
20:^7 1.33000 1.9S !.•*« 0.6« 0.31 0.57 0.42 0.35
2i:il2 0.09000 1.67 1.37 0.44 0.33 0.52 0.44 0.35
21!Ur! 0.0/000 I.b2 1.39^ 0.56 0.35 0.51 0.47 0.40
21:1*-. 0.42000 1./2 1.67 0.76 0.36 0.63 0.63 0.50
PMI32 0.19000 O.b9 0.61 0.00 0.46 0.29 0.20 0.00
1S:44 0.5«00ll 3.99 2.34 0.11 1.43 0.26 0.08 0.05
0^:27 0.36000 1.32 1.22 0.36 0.54 0.20 0.17 0.16
IM^h 0.12000 0.83 0.83 O.OH 0.84 0.10 0.10 0.07
I^ISS 0.29000 l.HS 1.60 0.17 0.49 0.12 O.Ofl 0.06
On.)* 0.1^000 1.79 .6H 0.23 ?.77 0.17 0.14 0.12
no:|4 O.MoOo . . O.?0 0.36 . . 0.02
M:|I O.nOOO 0.70 0.49 0.12 0.72 0.06 0.02 0.02
\"->- )' n.16064 1.19 0.93 0.14 1.45 1.86 1.86 0.71
l/:il O.J3264 1.76 1.34 0.24 0.54 0.11 0.08 0.06
19:b7 0. "4/000 1.10 0.«3 0.17 0.96 0.14 0.10 0.07
12:il O.O'iOOO 1.25 0.07 0.40 1.04 0.65 0.50 0.44
07:jf} O.IMOOO . . 0.«4 2.53 . . 0.10
OH: 04 H.1M000 . . 0.76 1.50 . . 0.66
0*:2M 0.2/000 . . 0.08 1.18 . . 0.84
OM:45 O.J3000 . . 0.32 0.95 . . 0.04
OM:(,O O.J'->000 . « 0.32 0.83 . . 0.04
o-j:n n.«.tO()0 . . 0.30 0.59 . . 0.06
u':^'. d.<»SuOO . . 0.40 0.51 . . 0.05
tV:j- H.J6000 . . 0.32 0.53 . . 0.05
()t.:S1 0. 24000 . . 0.17 0.53 . . 0.05
1 o : | '. o.ibOOu . . 0.23 0.79 • . 0.08
1 »:,•(! (1.4/uOo 2.'r>9 2.1". 0.38 0.49 0.24 0.12 0.11
|i.:4u O.I2MV >.0^ l.sh 0.13 1.64 0.12 0.05 0.05
1 /:./ 3.14 0.43 0.49 0.22 0.11 0.10
-------
sTM ION NUTWltNT DATA
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213 1 '•'»
214 i ^i
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216 1 i-,
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21" 1''.
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0.16000 O.bH
0.0"546
0. J 9403
0.^6000
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0. J341 7
1 .40000
0 . V .> 0 0 0
0 .3<*00000
0.44000
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1 .44
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1.01
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0.71
0.54
0.21
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0.51
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1.25
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1 .^7
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1 .26
5.67
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1 .06
1.17
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2.16
0.50
0.07
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0.22
0.1 J
0.23
0.02
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0 . 0 o
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0.10
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0.36
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0.17
0.29
0.11
0.30
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O.Ob
0«14
0.1V
0.10
0.20
0.14
0.23
0.30
0.26
0.52
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0.49
0.48
0. 15
0.33
0.95
0.17
0.21
0.23
0.^5
0.28
N023
0.28
0.81
1.03
0.77
0.93
0.4?
0.38
0.76
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0.41
1.21
1.38
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0.*67
0.53
0.70
0.74
0.73
0.15
1 .02
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0.37
0.45
0.51
0.54
0.85
1.11
0.67
0.57
0.51
0.47
0.50
0.34
1 .00
1.06
0.98
0.6R
1.39
0.40
0.52
0.14
0.22
0.50
TP
0.40
0.28
•
0.06
0.11
0. 12
0.10
0.13
0.05
0.07
0.11
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0.12
0.35
0.69
0 . 52
0. 13
0.3B
0.23
0.13
0.16
0.35
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0.14
0.09
0.32
0.14
0.09
O.Q9
0.2H
0.27
0.20
0.19
0.29
0.34
0.15
0.20
0.16
0.22
0.35
0.21
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0. 19
0.15
0.36
TSP
0.24
0.25
0.05
0.05
0.07
O.l'O
0.06
0.05
0*04
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.10
0.06
.
0 , 44
0.08
O.lb
0.19
0.10
0.15
0.14
0.07
0.11
0.07
0.29
0.10
0.05
0.06
0.19
0 . ?4
0. 15
0.14
0. 10
0.30
0. 12
0.1 1
0.10
0.18
0.25
0.17
2.U
0.17
0.12
0.17
OP
0.17
0.13
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.09
0.01
0.53
0.30
0.05
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0.07
0.11
0.14
0.07
0.09
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.03
0.03
0.14
0. 19
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0.07
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0.?2
0.07
0.0ft
0.06
0.14
0.16
0.09
1.51
0.11
0.08
0.11
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STATION NUTRIENT UATA
ro
0-S SI N'liNd 1 t^r. Til
?'•>' IlJ? f ,'"/'. UViO
?49 33 f (>?FK-A|
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11.03
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0.07
0.10
0.03
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1.1?
3. Ib
0 . H6
1*19
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0
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.91
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0. Ib
0.??
0.?4
0. Ib
0.^.4
0.15
0. 15
0. 15
O.?b
O.?0
0.11
0.30
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0.35
0.6?
O.bO
0.^9
0.39
0.97
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0.?5
0. Ib
0.15
0.14
0. !<•
8:!S
0.13
0.06
0.10
0.17
0.1 7
0.19
0. 17
NH3
^
0.?6
0. 3"«
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ol36
0.50
0.70
O.?0
0.04
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0.14
0.29
0.23
0.?5
0.?4
0.?8
O.lb
0.?3
0.17
O.OP
0.15
O.Ob
0.09
0.05
0.?5
0.?4
O.?b
O.?b
0.17
0.45
0. 10
0.08
0.11
0.05
0.13
0.04
0.06
0.61
0.04
0.08
0.04
0.07
0.12
0.11
0.03
M0?3
*
9
0.61
O.HH
0.89
Ml
1.Q4
0.7?
0.88
0.98
0.4?
0.98
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0.13
0.15
o: 10
O.Ob
0.10
0.13
0.10
0.10
0.11
o: 13
.
0.13
0.1?
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.41
0.1H
0. 11
0.08
0.09
0.13
O.f?
8:06
0.06
0.05
0.06
0. 16
0. 11
0.16
0.12
TP
t
0.34
0.27
1 -3B
0.36
0.?4
0.3?
1.5?
0^9
0.?3
1 .46
TSP
0.04
0.09
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.07
o:os
.
0.09
0.10
0.07
0.08
0.05
O.Ob
0.07
0.04
o1:^
0.09
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
TSP
t
0. 16
0.21
1 .36
8:!8
0.30
1 .50
OO9
0.11
1.12
OP
0.02
O.Ob
0.0?
0.0?
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.0?
0.01
0.0?
0.0?
0.00
0.03
0.0?
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.0?
0.04
0.01
0.01
o.oi
0.0?
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.0?
0.01
OP
t
0.09
0.20
1 -dO
0.14
0. 14
0.30
1.26
4:5*
0.10
1.00
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STATION NUTKIENT DATA
I
ro
0,5, ST.,..
jjs 3v
iP'v- u |
?'v7 ju
2 Wrt ') 1
2*9 7;.,
3')!' f'
^'i^ -'-i
311 3 ••<'<
3d', J i, |
3 'I': 1" <
M'l/ In/
3n." !!>•
3 ns 1 1 '•
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311 1 r' 1
312 1-1"
3 1 J 1 J 1
314 1 1b
'i 1 -1 lib
3i; )'«•-
3 1 / )-'
31" !'>••
31-' 1 v
•-!?']' InO
J2> i»i
T ^ * 1 'v
Jd;. I/.'
3^ 1
I Of" C ^ ^' 1
1 ^H hbT 1
0'tiV;AMl|
1 ^ S A ^ H 1
Ol'^Pkol
(ISA P^h 1
n ^AP^H l
1 1 Ur-'kr j
1 7APRt. j
2MAPM«1
/^ 't (ft H K ct )
^ -I (tp,V(^ |
0 jr-'.AYb)
1U M A Y 0 1
1 iNAYUl
Ib'-AYrM
IbMAYHl
t'.-l-A^l
JOM«vel
01 ju'i'.']
O.uu'ir 1
1 u JUNol
I?JU:M«!
?2JiJi>lnl
(i i JUL ^ 1
i-OjULBI
2t!JULM
1 lAUOtU
If'AllGrtl
iUAUOBl
Ii9'-t Pb|
ISSt i-;M
t1 f~* t '"* ^ 1
OK'CTnl
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2MICT01
27l)CTtil
01ULCM
O'*lie L«l
1 bl.il: Cel
FLO TKN SKN Nn3 N023 TP TSP OP
lo:?b 0.03 3. Hi 3.6b 1.12 0.76 1.12 . 0.86
^l<:o^ 0.09 3.02 ^.61 1.30 0.78 1.10 0.99 0.86
It.: no 0.07 4.116 3.6^ 1.53 0.98 0.57 0.45 0.39
\^>:?.-> 0.09 2.01 1.93 0.59 1.12 0.38 0.33 0.27
Ub:iH 0.07 l.<*4 0.57 0.36 1.49 0.22 0.05
U?:?b 0.05 1.19 0.6<» 0.^2 0.86 0.34 0.24 0.16
13:-'«0 0.06 2.03 1.20 0.<.0 1.02 0.41 0.24 0.21
1JS16 0.06 1.07 0.6J 0.17 0.55 0.22 0.15 0.12
11:31 0.07 0.93 . 0.55 0.65 0.25 0.21 0.18
10:41 0.09 1.49 1.09 0.35 1.28 0.15 0.10 0.05
lb:4P O.Od l.hb 1.49 0.37 0.75 0.30 0.25 0.24
IH:.)^ 0.05 1.21 O.bH 0.37 1.20 0.17 0.09 0.07
U»:^J O.Ob 1.03 0.76 0.22 0.91 0.16 0.07 0.07
1 J •• 1 7 o.Ol . . 1.62 1.30 . . 0.18
U':U' U.<*1 . . 0.81 0.56 . . 0.10
\^:?e 0.04 . . 1.19 1.14 . . 0.28
l-*:Sj 0.13 1.75 1.47 0.56 0.47 0.53 0.50 0.41
J<.:3b 0.07 1.39 0.90 0.40 0.40 0.18 0.11 0.08
li:?9 o.OH l.Sh 1.07 n.38 0.38 0.35 0.27 0.22
li:5b 0.10 2.52 1.17 0.30 0.94 0.28 0.07 0.07
IB^v 0.05 1.67 O.HB 0.48 0.82 0.26 0.11 0.09
2i:i0 0.01 j.^6 O.b9 0.19 1.55 0.20 0.13 0.11
|O:IK. 0.04 1.40 1.07 0.25 0.93 0.26 0.20 0.16
l-.:s^ U.03 3.31 2.75 1.68 0.95 0.39 0.30 .
17:47 0.05 1.09 O.M 0.22 0.94 0.36 0.23 0.09
lti:b'. 0.02 3.12 1.47 0.59 0.76 O.b3 0.33
OJ:<*& 0.10 3.24 1.58 0.72 0.77 0.58 0.18 0.17
IB:'.! 0.04 4.1« J.64 1.40 1.72 1.01 0.99 0.56
I6:it> 0.05 1.41 1.19 0.32 0.89 0.62 0.59 0.49
19:j/ 0.09 l.hb 1.33 0.45 0.73 0.57 0.54 0.47
OH:?/ 0.14 0.9b O.H7 0.?3 0.97 0.7 0.03 1.19 1.19 0.70 0.76 0.41 0.41 0.37
IbMtO 0.02 \.£l \.d\ 0.70 2.18 0.26 0.26 0.21
li:.JJ O.Ob l.bb 1.55 0.69 1.11 1.30 0.62
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
ro
CO
0-s
3"l>
3 -*f.
34 /
34 -
3'"'
3t> (i
3'"J/J
V:> J
3V*
3-v?
"* -» /
3 ••>•••
I;;;
3- 1
3':»<->
3S 3
3">'-i
3*v~>
3^'
3V;
'1 /'
3/1
37?
3/3
3 /u
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37-
o.^
37*
3T-*
3. MI
3" 1
3^2
3M
I'^s
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3->7
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390
391
392
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S't •> Ull c
J /.' ^
3r"v
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J.I
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t/<
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1 ^ A^kH 1
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lyflliOni) : 025S7 O.oOOO
0«Si-.PdO: lb:00 O.OOS5
l^sl- MHO: 1 o: 3S (i!ou21
2?Stl'iO! Ii! 30 O.OO^i
i'b'if.V^O I ()S : S2 d.^J^O
rA = bllJK06
TKN
1 34
0^79
i !oo
,
U72
1 .33
O.bB
2.61
1.19
1 .76
1*53
U67
1 Ibh
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1 .01
3.61
lic-3
1.77
1 . b9
1.34
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O.HS
O.HV
O.V3
1 1/4
1 .60
J.bl
U47
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ll?3
3.10
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1.01
0 . b6
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1 .00
1.24
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U31
1.11
0. 70
1*72
1*17
1.30
2! 10
1 .IH
1.92
1.41
l*4j'
1.97
1.19
I.Ob
1.59
0.90
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1 .06
1.45
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1 .^0
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0.33
0.41
0 . 4 .3
I «2b
1 . 1 b
0.67
O.bl
0.32
0 • bH
1.10
O.Ob
0.2S
0.71
0.70
0.84
NH3
0.30
0.08
4.10
0. 10
0.30
0.20
0.35
0.18
0.26
0. 10
8:18
0.19
0.25
O.b8
0.60
0.20
0.65
0.39
0.49
0.^2
0.62
0.25
0.39
8:f-53
0.31
0.15
0.25
0.17
1 .33
0.12
0.06
NH3
O.OH
0. 14
0.06
O.?b
0 . 3f
0. Ib
0. l
-------
STATION NUTRItNT DATA
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(VS ^ 1 M- i'-*u I n'\-
3 '•* ^ /•" ** '•' n r .
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(-.1340
0.0<*0 ?
0 . 0 1 bt>
(1 . 0*>H6
0 . 1 ^>00
o.oo?i
O.OlOb
7. 1 100
0 . 0<'34
o. i ioo
0.014J
O.h?00
0.0073
1 .0?00
0 1 01 Ob
'• . 0 0? 1
0.00/3
0.0 In3
0.00^1
0 . 0 1 <* .i
0 . 1 1 0 0
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0. 1300
o.o i«6
0 • i^^O 0
O.ttOOO
O.OIH6
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0 . v 1 0 0
O.S^OO
O.MOO
O.OObO
0 . U 1 f h
O.^SOO
0.<«.00
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0.0186
0. J600
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1 . 0*300
1 . 1400
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0 . 4 ? 0 0
(i . ^^*o 0
0. 6-500
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O.O^t-6
O.V?Oll
5 1 B-DlUf U 1
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0.66
0. 78
0.33
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0 . ?4
0 . ?3
1 . ?4
0.?7
0.47
0.19
1.86
0.18
1 .16
0.86
0.4?
0.1?
O.pb
o!49
0.36
O.b'l
1.34
0.54
0.33
.
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? . 4 0
O.tH
0.90
1.73
olbb
0.31
0.37
?.33
o"?4
llbb
I.h4
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1.17
1 .06
0^30
0 • t*?
1 «6V
0 . 99
1 . ft*
0 . ** f-
1 .^b
SKN
O.b4
0. 70
0.33
O.?0
.
0.??
0.?3
O.B1
ol43
0.17
1.39
0. 18
0.97
0.64
0 .?t>
0.1?
O.Ob
0. Ib
0.31
0. jb
0.30
0.49
0.33
0.33
.
0. 76
1.4?
0.48
0.73
0.67
0.6?
O.b3
Ol33
l.OS
0.49
0.86
0.24
l.Oo
O.bV
0./4
U.76
0.54
0.89
A.?0
.30
O.bt
0.6?
II. 90
otnti
O.-tti
0.61
NH3
O.?0
0.14
0.06
0.10
26.82
0.10
0.06
0.40
0.07
0.14
0.07
0.09
0.01
0.2?
0.04
0.16
O.OB
0.05
O.Ob
0.16
0.09
0. IB
0.44
0.04
0.09
O.Ob
0.49
1.07
0.08
0.17
0.41
0.11
0.1?
0.07
0.09
0.32
0.12
0.41
0.07
0.4?
o. ib
Q.t'd
0.20
0. Ib
OJ4J
0.08
0.17
0.11
0 . 3b
O.OB
0.16
0.09
0. 18
N023
0.51
0.73
0.47
0.12
4.06
0.23
0.08
0.97
0.25
0 • **3
0.05
0.81
0.12
0.66
0.84
0.22
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.43
0.31
0.66
0.60
1.00
0. 16
0.05
0.34
0.79
0.13
0.46
0.78
0.55
0.46
8:8^
0.85
0.89
olo1!
0.51
0.23
0.65
0.35
0.26
0.67
olo!
0.58
0 . 44
1.51
0.43
0.?7
1.45
0.55
TP
0.09
0.10
0.07
0.02
.
0.02
0.01
0.70
0.01
0.08
0.02
0.29
0.04
0.23
0.1?
1 .46
0.01
0.00
0.10
0.02
olo9
0.37
0.10
.
0.81
0.43
0.04
0.12
0.23
0.90
0.11
ol29
0.11
0.52
0.0?
ol35
O.OB
0.21
0.38
0.14
0.3B
0.02
0.12
0.14
0. 16
0. 18
0.3t.
0 • U**
0.57
TSP
0.06
0.07
0.05
0.02
.
0.02
0.00
0.21
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.11
0.03
0.14
0.05
1 .46
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.01
olo?
9
0.05
,
0.17
0.18
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
8i8i
0.04
0.05
0.05
O.OZ
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.10
0.06
0.07
8:81
0.04
0.10
0.05
0.03
O.OS
0.03
0.09
OP
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
3.18
0.02
0.00
o!oi
0.0?
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.14
0.04
0.12
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
o.oi
0.02
0.11
oloo
0.01
0.17
o!o?
0.03
0.05
0.00
0.03
8:8?
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.00
0.06
0.03
0.03
0.09
0.03
0.06
0.01
O.OI
0.02
O.Ofe
0.00
0.01
O.OS
0.00
0.03
-------
MM JO'M UUFKltNr IJATu
I
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10:50
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lu:.ii
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lt>:4i
10:20
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0.0089
0.0009
2.
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
I
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cr>
OMS
495
•-» ^ 1.1
t» -y /
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,,Q'V
S'O'I
sol
SfiP
SO 3
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SI 1
511
SI-'.
si-^
51-5
SI /
SI i
521
521
522
523
524
S2*j
S27
s?"5
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lj~M
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172 ii 2
1
1/00 2
1
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1^-i-^H
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2 o A u i- y
2 3 u H K H
f* f tl t-f'^
p / a f- K *>
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3 0 A >j t' h 1
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1 S M « Y 8 1
1 ^l1' A Y 4 1
29" A r^ll
i)H Jl ii 18
) IJJt K ;M 1
1 .uiuib
2 1 H i'.1^ 1
22Jlifv'H 1
2^'jilnb
02 JHL81
n3J(iL%l
("-JI.il. HI
13Ji.il. Ml
20 JUI ^1
?4 Jill Ml
^SJULHl
2 /Jill. Ml
0 -< : 1 0
1H|1S
do: 13
13: 29
1 h : u o
(1^:41
1 n : 1 3
I/: 4?
1 o : 07
1 >• : 6S
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14:4-5
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1;!:33
1 (^ : OS
1 J • 4 S
21:22
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1 n i ^ J
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1 ** - 2 0
l^i^i
1 j : 3S
ft-: 50
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1 i j 3S
07:46
(4:4)
bl
H.O
1.3000
0.0350
0.0200
0.4^00
0.4600
0.4t<00
0.0200
0.5500
1.0000
0.2c-00
0.2100
0.0200
1.1000
0.2700
0.0250
0.2600
0.3900
1 .1600
0.0121
2.5400
0.2400
0.0121
0.5600
0.0200
1 .OSOO
1 . J900
0.4100
1 .2200
0.0061
3.7100
o! 3000
0.5100
ol0061
0.0038
0 .5900
3.6700
0.0465
«=w> JUKUb
TKN
1.02
0.39
m
2.11
1.31
1.51
0.50
O.V9
1.73
1 .09
0.53
0.53
2.91
0^4 7
1.22
2^24
0.55
1.21
1 .50
0.23
0.75
0.51
2.69
2.1b
1 156
0.91
Ol56
1.21
1.16
1.3H
0.69
0.75
4.32
2.72
0.50
03AiK.ti| 12:0(1 0.2600 2.23
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Til
f)20( Tao : |f.:6o
2S(|(- Fni1 : u3 • 60
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O^Mivno : uo : 2 /
24MWf 0 : 07 : ot-
24r>iov^0 • ) M • "^4
/^7M()vi(i : J4: \t;
SKN
0.49
0.35
.
0.93
0.42
0.47
0.50
0.52
0.67
0.48
0.38
0.38
0.93
ol J5
0.72
0.49
O.d2
0.47
0.55
0.82
0.21
0.60
U.^2
0.67
0.65
1.04
0.58
0.91
oI/B
0.54
8:15
0.69
2. OH
1.15
0.50
0.87
\ LO TKN si*. N
0.22
0 .^2
0.11
0.1V
n . 70
\j . « \i
1 .20
0.11
t
3* 16
l.Jl
2.53
2. 7fc
9.70
5.76
1 .85
m
21*3
1.31
1.07
? . SS
f . J ^*
0.63
b. 7«.
1 .7*1
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0.46
0.07
0.05
0.52
0. 13
0.15
0.09
0.11
0.34
0.07
0.12
0.05
m
0.17
0.07
0.18
0.24
0.34
0.15
0.22
0.25
0.16
0.20
0.17
0. 10
0.04
0.35
0.19
0.41
0.1H
0.33
0.14
0.06
0. 10
0.27
0.26
0.36
0.34
0.07
0. Ib
NM3
5.25
1.34
0.43
0.09
0.55
0.16
3.?4
0.32
N023
0.73
0.12
0.05
0.57
0.47
0.35
0.11
0.37
0.65
0.29
0.44
0.08
.
^
0.07
1.01
1.60
0.93
0.00
0.29
0.6B
0.09
0.18
0.54
0.41
0.51
0.89
0.56
0.15
0.39
0.11
0.60
0.62
8:fii
0109
1.31
0.73
0.48
1.07
N023
? 81
KOI
O.fll
1.81
0 .68
0.30
1.49
0.92
TP
0.29
.
.
0.70
0.31
0.36
0.03
0.15
0.23
olo5
0.60
9
0.04
0.13
0.24
8.60
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0.21
0.18
0.05
0.10
0.04
0.62
0.53
0.20
0.41
0.05
0.48
0.04
0.28
0.18
8:5*5
0.05
0.60
0.55
0.05
0.54
TP
ll35
0.35
0.42
0.56
0.44
0.43
0.14
TSP
0.05
.
.
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.05
,
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.12
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.23
0.03
0.17
0.07
8:ii
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.12
TSP
U35
0.35
0.29
0.53
0.22
0.42
0.13
OP
*
0.00
0.01
Olo5
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.01
.
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
8:00
olo4
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.01
8:8?
0.07
0.01
8:4?
0.01
0.02
0.03
o.oa
0.09
GP
0.99
1.19
0.26
0.18
0.40
0.21
0.31
O.OH
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
I
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•),««
S^l
5'+**
S^» '•»
S** '••
^>£* 7
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4/^.0
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p 1 • 0
•j3.ll
t*. ^ . 0
91 .U
V :• . II
104.0
1 (,' / . 1)
1 1 0 . 0
121.0
1 JO.O
JT..O
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b-.G
u^ . ii
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1 ^Ut: I:HII
2 "IL'f1 Cr<0
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fiOf f hfi 1
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STATION NUTWIENT DATA
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l^:-«b" 0.27559 . . 0.40 1.10 . . 0.06
1^:30 l.OhOOO 1.74 0.54 0.36 0.46 0.49 0.15 0.15
1^:3V 0.66000 2.89 0.99 0.22 0.45 0.61 0.10 0.08
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13:«7 O.3 0.30UOO 3.62 2.95 1.56 .93 0.60 0.34 0.31
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I|:10 0.23000 3.27 3.21 1.26 .04 6.24 0.19
13:^9 0.29000 1.09 1.34 0.26 .20 0.16 0.16 0.11
14:35 0.99000 2.11 1.30 0.39 0.72 0.36 0.18 0.18
17:tir. 0.3'JOOO 1.05 1.22 0.24 0.76 0.36 0.23 0.20
'2:40 0.15M99 3.01 2.76 0.24 .22 0.24 0.20 0.17
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lf'.:4S O.S7000 1.33 0.80 0.27 0.32 0.33 0.26 0.22
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-------
STATION NUTHIENT DATA
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632
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634
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636
637
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0.73
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0.93
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3.43
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0.94
1.06
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1.74
0.72
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0.21
0.57
0.31
0.33
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0.61
0.67
0.67
0.75
0.59
0.59
0.57
0.52
0.36
0.20
34.21
0.32
0.32
0.58
14.10
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0.20
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0.26
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0.42
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0.22
0.22
0.27
0.69
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0.26
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2.69
2.63
1.65
1.25
5.25
4.24
3.58
3.66
3.27
3.25
3.13
3.13
2.95
1.45
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0.28
0.30
0.64
0.69
0.80
0.58
0.48
0.63
0.48
0.68
0.36
0.90
0.60
0.84
0.72
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0.60
0.79
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0.33
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STATION NUTKILNT DATA
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0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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0
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.16
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.01
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.80
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3.92
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1.49
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1 .83
1.27
1 .03
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D.96
1.49
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1.13
1.28
1.73
SKN
13.07
3.68
2.07
0.95
0.95
0.67
0.65
0.75
0.53
0.49
.
1 .64
1.90
0. 70
1.56
1.59
1.76
2.18
1 .99
1.40
0.74
0.86
1.23
1.78
2.18
3.78
•
1:11
0.68
0.60
1.29
1.15
2.70
0.83
0.50
1 .03
0.70
0.30
0.32
0.19
0.88
0.50
0.45
0.69
0.98
0.71
0.77
1.19
0.85
0.58
0.60
1.05
1.39
NH3
3.34
1.69
1.22
0.46
0.52
0.34
0.32
0.36
0.28
?. 20
• 00
0.50
0.62
0.24
0.58
0.50
0.60
0.4B
0.44
0.30
0.32
0.24
0.38
0.40
0.46
?:!§
o!40
0.30
0.28
0.48
0.79
0.32
0.25
0.36
0.28
0.18
0.20
0.19
0.17
0.11
0.09
0.17
0.06
0.12
0.14
0.12
0.47
0.29
0.29
0.39
0.45
N023
1.99
0.70
0.49
0.32
0.28
0.19
0.26
0.36
0.17
0.13
i.22
0.86
1.20
0.45
0.88
1 .01
1.11
1.16
1.34
0.90
0.70
0.63
0.84
1.07
1.28
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8:3!
1.49
0.30
0.48
0.35
0.33
0.37
0.49
0.31
0.37
0.39
0.95
0.29
0.19
0.35
1.42
0.86
0.97
1.42
0.46
0.42
0.35
0.33
0.33
TP
2.26
0.44
0.28
0.22
0.20
0.20
0.18
0.18
0.14
0.17
0^68
0.89
0.28
0.77
0.88
0.94
0.98
0.99
0.51
0.35
0.33
0.48
0.59
0.73
R-2,6,
0. 73
d24
0.20
0.24
0.23
0.33
0.35
0.27
0.20
0.19
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.46
0.29
0.26
0.15
0*31
0*16
0.12
0.19
0.26
0.82
0.27
0.22
0.23
TSP
1.53
0.32
0.24
8:1?
0.17
0.16
0.17
0.13
0.15
ol47
0.83
0.17
0.65
0.80
0.87
0.89
0.86
0.44
0.25
0.29
0.40
0.57
0.68
8:2$
8:11
0.10
0.12
0.20
0.16
8:13
0.08
0.15
0. 14
0.08
0.08
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.10
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.14
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.12
0.16
OP
0.87
0.22
0.18
0.14
0.12
8:13
0.14
0.09
OlflS
0*47
0.69
0.15
0.53
0.63
0.68
0.67
0.71
0.30
0.24
0.24
0.36
0.40
0.50
8:?2
0*19
•
0*17
0.14
0.27
0.11
0.07
0. 1 1
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.02
0.07
0.14
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.11
0.14
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
CO
7.. 14
73S
73h
737
73H
734
740
/•*!
74?
743
7'.4
74b
74 /S
747
7*9
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7b 1
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75S
7S6
7^7
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773
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0.4hOOO
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0.9hOOO
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0.21000
0.04000
0.2*5000
1 .04000
1 .04000
0. 79000
1 . 12000
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0.40000
0 . 19060
n. 1 7000
0.29000
Ol7h000
1. 7(1000
1 .42000
O.bbOOO
1 .b4000
0.21000
0.06000
3.9.-1000
0.6/000
0. 42000
0.26000
U. 76000
0.57000
0.78000
0.44QQO
0.36000
0.49000
1 130000
0.32000
0.4bOOO
oljbOOO
~J 1 UK i O
TKN
1 .53
Ol«8
0.94
^
3.06
3.06
U43
3.04
1.6b
0.04
1.93
1.78
1.01
1 .55
2.12
1.45
2.03
0. 77
1 .84
1 .35
1.00
1.18
2.20
l.lb
4.49
2.07
1.0?
1.01
0.72
1 .62
1.23
l:ii
1.75
1.72
3.29
6.55
1 .09
1.43
b.OH
1.73
SKN
1.17
olafl
0.70
0.77
1.49
2.39
2.66
2.43
1.1U
0.70
§• 26
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1.12
0.75
0.65
0.45
1.26
1.24
1.11
0.66
1 .44
0.79
0.60
0.76
1.11
O.bH
3.44
0.66
0.54
0.84
0.59
1 .04
0.66
0.95
1.36
0.74
1 .60
2.74
3.43
0.77
1.27
b.48
1 .02
NH3
0.39
0.47
0^25
0.41
0.45
0.53
0.31
0.23
0.34
0.26
0.22
0.42
0.42
0.20
A
0.87
0.41
0.52
0.26
0.42
0.40
0.30
0.17
0.42
0.23
1.32
0.22
0.38
0.30
0.18
0.18
0.13
0.06
0.18
0.23
0.45
0.73
1.30
0.65
0.20
2.17
0.45
N023
0.29
0.35
0.54
0.42
0.33
0.33
0.37
0.44
0.52
0.63
0.38
0.22
0.26
0.60
0.26
0.26
0. 74
0.66
0.28
0.44
0.61
0.51
0.75
0.53
0.71
1.11
0.69
0.57
0.81
1.35
0.91
1.20
O.B1
0.47
0.13
0.45
0.77
0.49
1.27
1.05
0.59
0.34
1.15
0.60
TP
0.30
8:11
0.12
0^4
0.40
.
0.24
0.60
0 • 33
0 • 1 7
0.34
m
0.37
0.22
0.19
0.84
0.12
0.29
0.20
0.20
0.18
0.41
0.19
1.42
1.10
0.39
0.17
0.13
0.54
0.15
0.20
0.18
0.18
0.41
0.55
1.38
0.20
0.31
0.87
0.40
TSP
0.15
8:i°
olio
0.21
0.30
0.31
0.24
0.10
0.10
0.07
0.08
0.14
0.09
0.09
0.15
0.08
0.14
0.14
0.06
0.19
0. jj
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.13
1.14
0.23
0.39
0.13
0.10
0.48
0.10
0.18
0.15
0.16
0.37
0.44
0.65
0.16
0.2^
0.74
0.26
OP
0.13
0.13
0. 10
0.06
0.06
0.14
0.21
0.22
0.17
0.06
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.13'
0.03
0.05
0.11
o.oa
0. 13
0. 10
0.05
0.14
0.09
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.4U
0.14
8:18
0.07
0.36
0.06
0.09
0.08
0.10
0.28
0.38
0.50
»
0.19
0.65
0.22
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
i
co
ro
OKS ,l™ IYM: Til
773 .ic'H.il d 1SAU'.tCfiO :
^ * "i , ] p jf\j\j8 1 :
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1 7|31
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1^:46
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1 1 ; 45
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1.K50
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.630
0:610
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
O.dOb
0.490
0.^0
{»:foo
0.010
0.020
0.130
0.010
0.100
0.270
O.OOb
0..350
O^bO
0.020
0.010
0.^90
0.010
0. 130
1 .080
0.005
0.230
0.020
0. 180
0.070
0.005
0.060
0.140
O^Ob
0.260
] • i? ^ 0
0.070
0.005
TKN
0.90
0.79
1.70
0.88
0.78
0.79
0.91
0.63
0.71
0.64
0.90
1.27
0.80
1.45
1.40
1.56
1.62
1.66
1.66
1 .66
1 .55
1:53
1 .26
0.70
1.70
lllb
1.60
1.43
0.74
2.57
1.32
1:07
1.15
0.47
1.01
1.32
•1:§*
4:3?
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1 • 32
I • 59
1.03
0.99
1.10
0.91
1.20
1.09
1.59
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0
0
1
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
J
0
0
0
1
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1
0
0
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0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
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.76
.21
.18
.71
.66
.65
.82
.47
.56
.52
.73
.07
.74
.82
.81
.85
.41
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.96
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.70
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.36
.66
.62
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. 75
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.02
.05
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.
.
.96
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.76
.77
.93
.64
.91
.74
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NH3
0.20
0.08
0.18
0.10
0.18
0.11
0.19
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.16
0.26
0.09 •
0.11
0.16
0.14
0.29
0.64
0.15
0.96
0.50
0.48
0.51
0.59
0.65
0.64
0.73
0.63
0.46
0.18
0.14
0.23
0.19
0.39
0.11
0.20
0.15
0.22
0.31
0.45
0.56
0.45
0.4b
0.12
0.18
0.29
0.41
0.14
0.13
0.26
0.26
0.38
0.09
0. 17
N023
0.14
0.03
0.07
0.10
0.65
0.26
0.40
0.40
0.28
0.39
0.40
8:1!
0.82
0.86
1.09
1.43
0 . 94
0.62
0.58
0.48
0.66
0.82
0.68
0.96
1.06
1.01
0.90
0.73
0.60
0.48
0.50
0.44
0.47
0.48
0.32
0.46
0.37
0.29
0.99
o!41
0.33
0 • 3 0
o.ie
0.21
0.21
0.33
0.21
0.07
0.04
TP
0.07
0.07
0.13
0.08
0.06
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.09
0.21
o.To
o.io
0.08
0.06
0.07
0 . 1 4
0.16
0.15
8:11
0.07
0.10
0.12
*
0.10.
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.23
0.09
0:07
0.08
0.04
0.07
0.16
O.Ob
0.09
8:49
0.03
0.10
0.13
0.12
0.15
0.14
0.06
0.09
0.10
0.07
0.13
TSP
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
8:83
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.16
0.06
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
0^5
0.05
0.07
0.10
.
o.oa
0.04
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0.06
0.07
0.07
O.Ob
0.04
0.05
^
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.06
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0.
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0.
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01
01
01
02
01
01
00
00
00
02
14
03
02
01
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01
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04
03
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05
03
03
05
02
02
02
02
01
03
01
02
01
00
03
01
02
01
01
02
01
00
00
00
01
01
00
01
01
01
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
CO
CO
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H32
f-3 '
H3'.
MJS
H3'->
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M3'»
MJ4 •
H40
r««l
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f>4h
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l«49
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H^M
rtb9
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MM
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Hfi5
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23MOVhl
3l)NOvnl
01DKCH1
:?J:^0 0.300
:0):06 0.190
1-^:48 y.190
.13:09 0.800
OH:04 1-700
.lrt:<^7 0.980
•Ov:bO 0.005
12:5S 0.270
1^:37 0.240
01:02 0.180
11:55 o.ooo
12:50 0.000
na:i? 0.510
1^:44 0.140
l/:^7 0.350
12:25 0.005
?|:b7 0.150
•11:45 0.005
J2:iS 0.005
I7:s7 O.?10
lo:b? 0.260
17:)i 0.350
10:15 0.005
•01:49 0.140
1 0: 10 0.005
•lo:io 0.005
:o-*:35 0.005
:ov:58 0.005
=10:22 0.190
07ULCH1 : jo: 10 0.005
Til KLO
1 tMfi: l(i:.TQ 0.04
2l5t^«'>: 19:53 0.03
^ISf P«o:21 :04 0.03
MOTTdn :^u: 10 0.24
lHOCTrt(i:2?:n2 U.17
19(;CTb(i:oi :34 o.OS
isudoo: Oo:0b 0.02
19oCTe<>: I?:3V 0.00
^ 7li(iVf H : It.: J'* 0.1S
(ivut: CHO : 1^: 3-« 0.07
?3l)ECyo:o^:40 0.17
2lJANoi:u4:3J 0.02
Or'KtHhl :u^:4b 1.21
OH.F t HUl : lo:bV 0.15
1 IFt nul :u4:b2 0. Itt
ls
TKN
1.39
1.59
?:??
2:723
2.82
1.20
2.86
U31
1.46
1.73
2.02
1.73
1.57
1.82
1.32
1.78
1.88
1 .65
1.43
0.90
1.43
0.91
0.99
0.56
0.73
0.89
0.61
ST A = 5 1 UR 1 7
TKN
SKN
0.90
1.25
S:^
?:639-
0.96
0.20
1 .35
0.75
0.58
0.89
1.01
1.71
0.61
0.71
0.84
0.52
?:S8
1.04
0.9tt
0.82
1.18
0.89
0.86
0.56
0.73
0.83
O.bl
SKN
•
NH3 N023 TP
0.19 0.04 0.21
0.43 0.11 0.19
8:?? f
8:38 •:
1:81 8:1?
!:8Z 8:§i
0.08 0.04 0.32
0.06 0
0.60 1
03 0.72
.94 0.30
0.10 0.73
0.09 0.02 0.14
0.08 0.04 0.10
0.12 0.02 0.12
0.13 0.02 0.22
0.09 0.01 0.26
0.14 0.05 0.11
0.13 0.02 0.09
0.09 0.02 0.11
0.09 i
0.20 1
l^ 8:15
0.18 0.06 0.19
0.12 0.20 0.15
0.16 0.27 0.05
0.30 0.32 0.07
0.17 0.55 0.04
0.20 0.70 0.05
0.10 0.82 0.02
0.08 0.97 0.03
0.10 0.92 0.10
0.10
0.04
NH3 N023 TP
•
• •
TSP
0.08
0.04
8:?$
8:12
0.06
0.26
0.07
0.05
0.05
O.OS
0.06
0.07
O.OS
0.05
8:8!
0.0?
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.08
0.04
TSP
•
: . 0.14 2.14
•
*
•
8:8$ i
hli :
•
0.03 3.70
1.01
0.89
0.93
0.58
1 -}2
1.12
0.80
1.14
I'M
I .31
0.83
0.81
0.48
0.79
0.54
9
8:*8
0.70
•
0^2
0.51
0.39
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.00
0. 10
0.06
0.00
0.07 j
0.04
8:1?
.89 0.33
.64 0.23
.28 0.63
.64 0.20
.87
:?S 8:?l
?.77 0.05
3.66 0.11
la? 8:14
0.27
0.11
0.54
0. 14
•
8.18
.02
0.02
0.08
0:13
0.1H 0.70 0.41
0.12
0.18
0.08
OP
0.01
0.01
8:8?
8:8?
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
8:81
8:8?
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
•
0.03
0.02
OP
•
0.03
8:8?
0.03
0.17
0.06
0.40
0.09
0.03
8.16
.00
0.00
0.05
0.13
0.04
0.18
0.08
-------
STATION NUTRIENT DATA
CO
O'U.
8.11'
88]
882
8n 1
H ^/»
8Mb
886
8d 1
8rt8
8' 9(i
89 1
892
8*-y 3
H94
b VS
8--^
84 /
90 (i
**<) 1
902
9 DJ
9 0<«
9l|CS
9(i/i
90 I
90f
'•MO
91 1
912
913
914
91S
91',
917
*j \ 'r*.
919
9?n
921
SlHfitlu
b.i.d
/'.) . U
r.< V . U
^t) • U
VS/.ll
1(12.0
I ()<••. 0
1 U /.O
1 13 . u
121 lo
1 30.0
HI .11
l.ts.u
1 Jb. 1
1 3^.o
139.1)
1 f4<<. (J
Inl !o
)(•><• .0
1 1 i .U
1 Mt, . (,
c Or- .(1
d 0 S . U
^ 0 f . 0
2 1 b • U
d 1 b . 0
24, '.0
P*4 j . U
2b'l .0
2bb • u
2bO • 0
27u.ii
lv?:o
^ y H • o
2 w • u
Jo1*, u
i.:ft:o
T rPk'
,,
^
'd
'£
£
d
d
£
't
$
'f
2
^
2.'
c
£
<5
^
d
^
d
'd
d
2
d
2
2
2
15|23
ov: lb
Hj57
1 7 I 5^
£>() i ^^
19:21
1 I :08
14116
d 0 : 3 3
12:33
d 1 : Ob
ll|0b
b
FLO
0.2b
oioa
0.17
0.36
0.24
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.32
0.06
0.16
0.17
0.20
0.54
0.11
O.Ob
0.06
0.15
o! 1H
0.08
0.25
0.41
0.07
0.19
0.31
0.12
oloi
0.34
0^33
0.11
0.21
o!l7
0.10
0.13
0.06
0.17
0.25
0.12
0.09
A=31UK1
TKN
m
.
1.03
0.91
0.47
1.07
0.92
0.61
0.99
1.18
1.21
1.33
0 • B^t
1.40
0.90
0.63
0.60
1 .34
0.56
1 Io5
2 . b 1
1 .38
1.40
1.31
Ol86
1 .20
0.63
1.00
0.92
1.13
0.82
0.50
0.76
ll55
ol66
0.79
1.21
1.15
0.67
SKN
^
0.46
0.53
0.40
0.60
0.71
0.59
0.74
8:^8
1.07
0.69
0.81
0.42
0.48
0.58
0.70
0.52
0.65
0.61
0.96
0.69
1.35
0.78
0.58
0.62
^
0.51
0.62
0.79
0.72
0.61
0.33
0.63
0.97
0.33
0.82
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.59
0.61
NH3 1
olia ;
0.40 I
0.02
0.10
0.21
0.05 <
0.12
0.16
0.04 ;
0.24 1
0.18
0.12 i
0.21
0.09 i
0.09 ;
0.14
0.14
0.08
0.07
0.03
0.34
0.12
0.29 t
0.08 (
0.12 i
0.08
0.24
0.08
0.01 (
0.03 1
0.03 l
0.03
0.07 1
0.15
0.05 1.
0.03
0.05 (
0.04 (
0.06 (
0.15 1
\\\\ \
>J023 TP
?I90 !
J.92 0.22
.12 0.15
.64 0.22
.24 0.22
?.66 0.09
.96 0.12
.96 0.12
>.83 0.11
).85 0.19
.48 0.16
J.86 0.18
.48 0.19
?.24 0.14
?.72 0.06
.99 0.09
172 8:?2
104 0^43
.24 0.28
.43 0.61
.01 0.35
?.24 0.31
).75 0.24
).49 0.24
.33 0.34
.48 0.15
0.08
1.57 0.23
i.45 0.18
J.67 0.16
.67 0.07
).40 0.13
.41 0.17
25 0.27
.78 0.14
1.75 0.14
1.95 0.17
|.39 0.19
J.71 0.32
.52 0.14
!.62 0.09
TSP
f
0.07
0.10
0.19
0.08
0.06
0.10
0.08
olos
0.13
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.07
8:1?
oll6
0.12
0.27
0.14
0.19
0.24
0.11
0.05
0.13
0.12
0.09
0.04
0.10
0.14
0.18
0.05
0.11
0.09
0.14
0.13
o:i£
OP
o!o5
0.07
0.07
0.16
oloi
0.09
0.05
8:?3
0.07
0.13
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.09
0.11
oloa
9
0.10
0.25
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.07
0.03
0.09
0.10
0.07
0.01
O.OB
0.12
0.15
0.04
0.10
0.02
0.1?
0.13
8:05
-------
STATION NUTHIENT DATA
i
co
en
OHs S [KMJU [ rPt
9^1 ^
92'~. b--.
92S 1 r1 1
92^ 139
9?H 1 b /
929 i-:s>.
Oi'S blPNlM
931 bl.
932 bl.
931 b.t.
934 63.
93b 7b.
93') b9.
937 9b.
93-H 99.
939 101.
94 IJ 103.
941 ||3.
942 1 2 1 •
943 (JO.
"44 | Jb.
94'j 1 jo .
940 140.
947 IbO.
94H 104.
949 171.
9bO 170.
951 103.
*•* b 3 { L.' *? .
^^4 c*U 9 .
9b> 21.1.
95 7 223 .
9b'9 2<<2!
960 2b*1.
9fi 1 r'ha.
9 ^ /"* c? V I .
9 ^~» 3 ^ v *5 .
96S Jiul
u i A Y c1 1
03JHN>il
Ib'St PtM
1
13
09
1 6
1 ^
23
01
1 7
:Sb
: 27
: 0^>
; ^j^
: 1 1
: d^
bl
H-0
0.07
0.4B
0.41
0.06
0.20
0.02
0.05
fl=blUW[B
TKN
1.99
SKN
NH3 N023 TP
0.49 0.46
TSP
0.94
0.20 6.32
1.78
2.43
2.38
1.97
*
2M.iCTtfl ^1:10 0.07 1.63
Tl 1
?UFt bbl :
20F th8| :
~f>~f*t t Mb J I
O**M AU-g | :
1 Iti ' 1 A (V o 1 I
3 (INI AJ-*M 1 :
0 5 A P P h 1 '
09Ai->P>< i :
1 1 Ak^b i :
1 JAHkBl :
PJAM-'bl !
I'IMAfHi :
1 0 *•' A Y b 1 ;
1 bJ^6 f B 1 :
1 hMA i 8 1 :
^rf^AYMJ I
30 4A I'Hl :
13JUMM1 :
? 0 JLIfjH 1 I
2bJMM81 :
02JUL8I :
PUiiLHl :
24 JUL h 1 :
2fci Jt IL fc 1 •
OhAuOfa 1 :
otJAuoo i ;
1 1 Aut>b i :
IbAUOhl :
IbHt PH 1 :
1HOCT81 j
06Nt)Vr)l :
KLO TKN
00;
1 *> •
? J *
li4:
19:
1 1 :
1 o *
's l •
ii:
1 /:
1 J:
21 :
0 v '
?9J
Ob!
07:
1^:
no:
? u :
1 0 :
1 3 *
0') •
1 9 •
21 :
17:
111 i
Oo:
07
^ o
00
16
?o
JA
S /
3 1
Of"
c^S
07
4(1
25
02
3.1
53
53
<*b
^p
0^5
22
^7
2*0
34
39
^
34
O.OH4
0.032
0.051
0.032
0.017
0.024
0.034
0.042
0.024
0.014
0.052
0.117
0.027
0.04S
0.032
0.010
0.017
O.Obl
0.012
0.029
0.018
0.005
0.007
0.054
0.031
0 . 282
0.022
0.041
0.115
0.002
0.009
0.033
0.069
0.016
0.47
0.40
0.39
0.40
O.b7
0.44
0.41
0.37
0.44
0.27
0.47
0.51
0.51
0.54
0.24
0.66
0.64
0.33
O.H5
0.60
0.39
O.H2
0.63
0.36
0.40
0.79
0.38
0.91
0.68
0.39
0.59
1 .08
8:18
0.45
1.43
1.61
1.49
1.33
0.27 0.29 0.38
0.11 0.36 0.33
0.43 i
0.40 (
).53 0.73
1.65 0.54
0.29
0.20
0.43
0.36
0.80 0.74
1.57
SKN
0.47
0.40
0.27
0.38
O.bl
0.40
0.41
0.37
0.42
0.27
0.45
0.3d
0.42
0.45
0.24
0.62
0.51
0.23
o.bb
0.47
0.39
0.57
0.53
0.32
0.40
0.34
0.36
O.bl
0.68
0.31
0.42
0.90
0.55
O.B6
0.45
0.16 0.39 0.49
NH3 N023 TP
0.12
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.08 0.86 0.02
0.1 1
0. 14 i
0.07
.05 1
0.05
.00 0.02
?.64 0.06
.76 0.04
20 0.04
.03 0.04
0.13 O.B6 0.02
0.05 0.90 0.02
0.10
0.16
olo9
.64 0.04
.14 0.04
0.03
l.?4 0.02
0.05 0.66 0.02
0.17
0.04
0.05
.30 0.03
.16 0.06
.12 0.20
0.04 2.63 0.19
0.04
0.04
0.10
0.02
0.07
0.06
.51 0.05
1.91 0.07
.62 0.10
.84 0.11
.00 0.05
.15 0.09
0.08 0.99 0.24
0.02 0.71 0.03
0.15 0.93 0.04
0.07 0.74 0.04
0.05 0.63 0.04
0.03 1.65 0.13
0.04
0.06
0.15
0.07
I.R5 0.07
5.91 0.05
1.45 0.02
1.05 0.03
0.43
TSP
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0?
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.07
0.18
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.10
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.02
OP
m
dl3
0.18
0.12
olse
0.34
OP
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
.
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0?
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
,
0.0?
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
-------
STATION NUTKIENT DATA
I
co
a\
Oi;S bT(-.MNi) f YK. T 1 1
96^> 2 5 a d ISStPfcl
^67 i>t3*-> 2 ?2StPHl
96H 274 ^ fll'lCffcl
969 2/9 2 06UCT81
970 291 c- IbOCTbl
971 29ti 2 23DCFM1
973 299 2 26OLI81
974 309 d ObMUVBl
975 335 2 dliJECHl
1 7:41
19: 06 1
1/:13 1
3 i «
FLO
4.11
5.56
1.25
lt<:56 15.18
jH : 1 5
1 ^ : 54
1 2 : 12
21: 04
1 0 : 24
976 «. 2 (I4JAM82 lb:06
OMS ^Th>'-iNO 1 fHt T 1 1
J7 7 ?1SI- kftl : (M: 20 0
97* liSOLTnl : U-:j:b5 0
^"0 12DCTH1 :o^: 15 0
'-«MI 1 U" c 1
TKN
0.79
0.82
0.60
0.71
1.57
0.44
0.56
0.62
0.45
0.80
0.70
SKN
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
.57
.61
.18
.68
.63
.93
.71
.49
.99
.93
.42
SKN
0.58
0.79
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.42
.66
.87
.33
.54
.56
.33
.58
.53
NH3
0.11
0.23
0.59
0.63
0.63
0.15
0.09
0.06
0.27
0.36
0.69
NH3
0.12
0.11
0.17
0.05
0.18
0.16
0.07
0.06
Ol06
0.07
N023
0.55
0.64
0.66
0.54
1.25
0.69
0.69
0.18
0.83
0.98
1.18
N023
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.27
0.22
0.22
0.19
0.21
TP
0.11
0.22
0.20
1.28
0.22
0.38
0.09
0.19
0.22
0.17
0.09
TP
0.04
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.25
0.03
0.02
0.03
o!o4
TSP
0.04
0.04
0.10
0.97
0.06
Olil4
ol05
0.07
0.07
0.03
TSP
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
OP
0.
0.
0.
ol
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
OP
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
o!
01
01
on
02
0?
0?
03
0?
00
0°0
01
00
02
01
00
00
00
01
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
i
CO
(IBS
14^
14-J
ISO
1S1
1S2
1S3
1S4
ISS
1S6
157
I5H
1 59
160
161
162
163
164
165
1 6f>
167
1 65
1 cli
1 70
171
172
173
1 i **
17S
17n
17/
17n
179
1 hi)
1H1
1 H2
1 P 1
1?4
1 b6
1 K 7
IBM
I tii
1 9d
191
192
193
1 9**
I9b
196
1 Q /
19H
194
200
201
STHMNO
292.00
2 9 £ . 1 1 0
292.DO
292.00
29c'. oo
292. 10
29^. 10
29,;. In
292. 10
292.10
292. I.I
292. ID
292. 10
292. Id
292. 10
292. in
29^. 1 i'l
die- . I II
292. Ill
292. 1 0
292.10
292. 1 0
292. 10
d'-*d. 10
r'92. Ill
292. 1 0
29
30MAP81 • 08104
30i'lAk8l «08:28
3of-lAHbi :ob:45
30KAWol : 09 : 00
30'-'AHB1 : 09: 13
30MAR81 :o9:24
30MAWbl : 09: 36
JOH»KH1 :()9:53
30MAROI : 10: 19
:»oMAkbi : i 3:20
31'-iAN81 : 1 0 !44
ObAPkdl : 1 7:30
FLO
0.12000
0.12000
0.09000
0.06000
0.03000
0.58000
0.42000
0. 12000
0. 12000
0.33000
1 . 1 1000
O.B9000
0.69000
0.67000
0.42000
0.42000
0.42000
0.42000
0.42000
0.33000
0.33000
O.P1000
0.21000
0.67000
1 . 1 1000
1 .23000
0.89000
0.67000
0.42000
0. 19000
O.SHOOO
0.36000
0.1POOO
0.29000
0.1SOOO
0.61000
0.1SOOO
0. 16064
0.33264
0.47000
0.05000
0.18000
0. 18000
0.27000
0.33000
0.39000
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0.45000
0.36000
0.24000
0.15000
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0 . 12682
0.60000
bl A = b
LPH
7.2
B.e
9.5
9.4
9*8
B.5
7.7
7.6
7.7
9.3
B.4
8.0
7.9
7.8
7.7
7.7
7.6
7.6
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.3
5i2
5.7
6.1
6.3
6.4
6.7
6. 7
5.6
6.4
5.7
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6.7
6.6
6.9
5.8
6.9
m
m
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9
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,
9
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b.5
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6.5
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315
360
305
345
325
165
80
205
165
75
75
50
55
50
50
55
60
60
55
55
65
390
30
45
50
50
55
45
150
90
130
120
250
170
310
140
120 2
105
65
Bb
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
=51UR03
I
CO
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202
203
205
206
20/
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209
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21 1
212
213
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216
217
218
219
220
221
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225
226
227
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230
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235
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.06000
.09465
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.25876
.14000
.32000
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bl A=b
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6.7
6.2
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9
7
7
7
6
6
8
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
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7
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LCOND LTALK LCALK PH DO TEMP COND
75
120
f§0 58
fii
m
305
245
130
245
500
170
285
165
m
180
85
35 11
220
205
105
160
435
205
205 21
^115
5110
175
105
65 16
5
5
5
5 0
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
CO
10
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2'- 7 3<^ 'd 2^'UVHU: 14 :54 0.6H004 5.4 55
24* 333 ^ 2 /uOV«():32:4H 0.54714 7.3 55
24'J J3 3 02F tBdl : 10:36 O.lhOOO 5.3 85
350 43 3 1 IKt-HMl :o4:5h 0.76000 7.1 35 13
351 ^.0 d 19FtH«l : 15:39 0.15000 7.3 35
252 53 3 22F tH»l : lb:45 0.45000 6.9 90
353 b9 3 30MAkijl : 16:i>9 0.33795 6.0 70
354 ^(i 3 31?'AP«I : 13:51 0.20009 6.4 90
35S * 3 OnjuLdl :U8: lu 1.30000 6.2 55
272 2u7 3 26JULfal =21 : 34 0.15000 6.7 330
2/3 2Ud 2 2/JUL«l : 12:32 0.09872 6.4 ?05
274 223 s ] l/uJ&ol !2Ui39 0.30000 6.9 165
375 227 3 15AUGH1 =20:55 0.35000 6.7 110
276 24^ 3 30AUG81 : 14:?0 0.24000 6.9 45
3/7 343 3 31AUOM1 :i>9: 32 0.60000 6.7 55
27H 250 3 15StPril :21 :01 0.50000 6.2 55
37V 360 2 1 7SEPU1 :?1 : 10 0.17335 6.2 55
2HO 2^4 3 010CT81 :?3:01 0.2BOOO 6.5 90
t*\ 2-*V 3 /bUCTbl : 13:5? 0.35000 7.1 105 16
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5
5 (
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ORS SI«MI;U i rnt Til FLO LPH LCONO LTALK LCALK PH DO TEMP CONU
361. uU
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jl^.iio
J31.UD
293
394
J3v.OJ
33<^.UO
J44.00
3J.OO
1 7SKP^(i: in:bl
35SI:kdO:n3SOb
U<«NUVbO :OH: 15
oS'NUi/oO: 1S:41
l6NOV*o:01 : 16
: 15:02
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03FtHMl :06: 17
0.04
0.37
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.10
0.35
0.07
0.10
0.03
0.06
7.5
7.3
6.7
6.8
5.3
5.7
5.4
5.3
4.9
7.0
5.3
30
60
95
95
110
75
75
100
75
25
155
14 5
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
i
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O
OH s STHMNO TYHF.
2°^ 39.0 2
296 *1.0 2
297 bO.U f
29H bJ.O 2
299 ?S.n 2
300 tl9.0 2
301 91. n <-
302 9^.0 M.| ^
13* 2t>'->.o <•"
33b 27*.0 2
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30MAYH1
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1 OJUNbl
13JUNH1
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0.03
0.09
0.07
0.09
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0.06
0.07
O.OS
O.OH
O.Ob
O.Ob
0.01
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0.0*
0.13
0.07
0.08
0.10
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0.03
0.01
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0.03
0.03
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0.11
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5.2
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.6
6.8
6.4
6.7
6.7
6.2
6.2
6.3
5.9
5.8
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6.6
6.2
6.7
6.6
6.9
6.5
6.8
7.0
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7.0
6.9
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6.9
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6.2
6.5
6.5
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3.8
3.3
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110
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65
80
90
90
130 25
90
195
95
60
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210
205
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315
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700 10
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1195
665
185
105
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580 7
3890 6
5
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5
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•
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PH
00
TEMP
COND
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
OHS
34S
34h
347
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1'»9
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3S2
153
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156
357
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167
368
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371
372
373
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37H
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382
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386
387
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390
391
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42.00
50.00
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121.00
131 .00
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152.00
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20'*. 00
223.00
227.00
2"2.00
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204.0
204. 1
211.0
214.0
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250CTbO:oc.:39 0.33
1 7NOV80: 15:^9 0.29
24NOV80: 10:22 0.58
27NOvbO :5 0.2d
1 3StH"hI : 1 Aib*. O.lv
23()Crbl : 16:23 0.06
2bOC181 : \Z-^f. 0.23
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22JUL80: 19:26 5.2300
22JULBO :22:SO 1.2700
29JML80 : 02 : 06 0.4900
ol »U(.HO : 1<4 :o6 0.6000
03AIJOMO : 1 1> : Of> O.B400
03uuG&u : 23 : 4 7 1.0700
IhAuoHO: Ob:b2 1.0500
1 9fiUtiKO : 02 : 57 0.8000
OUStr'HO: 15:00 0.0055
10SF.P80:01 :09 0.3400
15StP80: 10:35 0.0021
22Se.H*o: 15:30 0.0021
JbStPhO : 03:55 0.0939
25SKP80:05:52 0.2340
?5StMfto:<)7:44 0.2340
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LPH
6.4
6.6
5.6
sis
5.6
5.5
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.1
6.5
6.6
6.9
6.2
6.7
7.2
6.9
7.1
6.9
7.1
6.8
7.2
6.7
6.1
6.3
7.0
6.2
6.5
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LCONO LTALK LCALK PH 00 TEMP COND
100 26 0 0
75
75
135
140 16
165
135
60 28
170
185
150
185
120
130
90
150
150
170
115
135
140
130
90
70
150
60 19
145
110
115
lli
100
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5
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7.6 110
LHH LCOND LTALK LCALK PH 00 TEMP COND
6.2 35 . .
6.S
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.5
7.0
6.3
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7^3
7.6
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120
90 ...
95 ...
ft. 7 8 20 26.0 440
150 ...
7.2 8 15 20.0 4flQ
8.1 5 00 24.0 305
1V5 . .
70 ...
80 ...
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
I
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OHS
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
2U
413
i.14
415
416
417
418
419
4^0
421
423
424
425
426
427
42*
429
430
431
432
433
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269.11 ,
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269.0 ,
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276.0 f OPOCT80
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1 200CTftO
1
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: i ,,< : i»3
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: 13:50
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102.0 d 12APKB1 : 1 7 !40
104.0 c
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107.0 s 17APWH1
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120.0 t
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130.0 2 10MAY81
1 11'. 1 £ llir'AYf!
109:36
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435 31.1 iL 1 1MAYH1
436
437
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439
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442
443
444
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0.1340
0.0407
0.0186
0.0686
0.1600
0.0021
0.0105
7.1 100
0.0234
0.1100
O.OJ43
0.8200
0.0073
1 .0200
8:8?8S
0.0021
0.0073
0.0143
0.0021
0.0143
0.1HOO
0 .6600
0.1300
0.0234
0.01H6
0.2900
0.6000
0.01H6
0.4800
0.9100
0.5400
0.4100
0.0050
O.OIBb
0.2600
0.4400
3.6000
O.Olf-6
0.3600
1 .2200
0.2500
1 . tt^lO 0
1 .1400
0.5800
0.6400
0.0186
0.4200
0.4200
0.6400
0. 1400
2.3200
0.02*8
0.9200
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7.5
7.3
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6.5
6.7
7.4
7.0
6.8
7.2
6.5
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LCOND LTALK LCALK PH
105
200
180
40
595
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60 26
39
145
41
65
9
95
105 37
135
120
115
33
85
105
85
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110
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50
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100
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495
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497
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499
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501
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503
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508
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50
120
60
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290
495
150
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65
60
751
75
75
240
130
65
90
290
340
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185
85
270
355
240
200
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140
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95
390
50
155
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135
36
16
12
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632
633
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635
636
637
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639
640
641
642
643
644
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: 1ft
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:26
! 44
: jf,
:oo
144
: 33
• 56
:SO
:08
• 29
:02
• 35
:09
i33
:Q3
• «*6
• 29
• 07
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
FLO
.00100
.00100
.00100
.00400
.0.3000
.06000
.06000
.06000
.ObOOO
.ObOOO
.04000
.03000
.03000
.00500
.86000
. 16000
.40000
.52000
.12000
. 1 1000
.76000
.53000
.58000
.44000
.49000
.10000
.50000
.32000
.65000
. 71000
.45000
.72000
.75000
.65000
.197b4
.26000
.15152
.OH592
.53000
.56000
.52764
.41000
.30000
.26611
.48000
. 12000
.19000
. 19666
b 1 A
L
6
3
5
£4
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
.6
5
5
5
6
5
6
7
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
6
6
7
7
6
fc
fc
6
6
6
6
7
6
5
7
6
p
•
m
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
.
.
•
•
•
.
.
f
.
.
.
.
w
w
•
^
.
a
9
.
m
f
^
.
.
f
.
B
f
f
i
.
3
H
5
5
5
2
0
0
8
8
T,
b
5
6
2
7
5
7
b
2
b
7
3
6
7
7
4
0
9
0
9
9
3
2
4
5
4
6
5
6
9
0
9
8
0
9
CUND LTALK LCALK PH 00 TEMP COND
120
275
160
90
230
its
170
lib
m
155
130
60
30 7
510
35
95
240
2bO 12
60
6b
75
90
60
95
100
85
130
60
260
145
345
190
70 16
175
24b
155
50
100
55 15
130 13
5
5
5
5
0
_
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
C»
OriS
680
6tl7
711$
704
7Gb
707
Kin
709
W
W
711
71 7
7lrt
7^7
730
731
732
733
STI'MMU
34" . 0
21.d
3 i.n
bulo
bl.O
53 !o
C>J.U
95.0
95.0
9i. 0
w. D
'v^.O
V-J.O
101.0
101.0
101
lol
Uu
.d
.0
. I)
. 0
1(12.0
10^ . (I
1 0 C . (I
1 II
:03:19
Jb: 11
>:ob:37
:0b:oi
:0b:24
: 0 7 M 1
25oCT80:07:4b
250CTHO:10:^3
11:28
)Mb"Mb
2bOCT«(i: 15:41
irlb:U3
0 M 6:4 3
OM 7:0b
".'ClfcOJ I 7:26
iCFbO:
fVKtfcM
; 1 Q: 5
;FHbli'
?!!fgu
: 17:00
:16!ii
: 10:36
:11:0 V
: 1 1 :«.0
11
OVAPKbl
1 1 APHbl SO'i:
1 l&PPBl MO:
1 UPh(81 ill!
1PAPWM1 My:
! 14!
!1Q!
bO
11
I!b8
SO 7
KLO
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Q
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
d
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
I)
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
2
4
3
1
I)
. Ib
.06
.Ib
.Ib
.Ib
.08
.OB
.Ib
.05
.01
.01
.03
.12
.03
.Ob
.22
• 1 2
• 08
.12
.12
.08
.22
:?2b
•12
I?5
.23
185
.83
.0<»
.87
.33
.33
. 84
.33
!oo
.bo
.21
!74
.04
. 2b
• 7b
.HO
.00
.21
• 68
. 14
. 2b
.4b
6.2
b.5
b.b
b.b
3.7
S.b
5.9
6.0
b.l
b.2
6.4
6.5
6.4
b.4
b.3
6.1
6.7
b.4
6.2
6.3
6.6
6.4
6.2
b.4
b.2
6.9
5.7
b.9
5.9
7.2
6.9
6.5
6.9
5.9
b.b
6.9
6.B
6.7
fe.v
7.0
6.6
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.2
7.1
7.3
7.2
7.0
7.2
7.3
7.P
7.2
7.2
STA=51UP15
LPH LCONU LTALK
200
55
45
35
100
25
30
3b
20
10
70
40
105
40
100
105
IbO
55
bO
70
70
130
135
50
8525
135 1
185
100
140
70
475
100
200
1?30
1 IS
130
40
105
bb
7Q
45
50
LCALK
PH
DO
TEMP
CONO
-------
I
-p»
VO
OHS
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
7*3
741}
74h
747
74H
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
757'
758
759
760
761
7*2
763
76u
765
76b
767
76^
769
770
771
772
773
774
776
777
STrfMNO
102^0
102.0
102.D
102.0
102.0
102.0
02.0
02. U
OJ.O
1 J.O
1 J.O
1 J . i1
21 .'}
)O.U
31 .U
I'D. I)
3 o.i.
39.1
** o * t
15c.'
1 5^ . i
IS 7.0
161.0
1 6-4 . II
1H2.0
IBd. 1
2nl .U
209.0
219. 1
21*. U
220.0
22J.ii
2 2 7 • '/
2 4 ^ . Ij
24 j. I)
251.0
2'74'!o
291 . fi
309l()
335.0
TYHt
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
t-
2
• ^
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
TI 1
1 2 APJJ8 1 : 22 : 15
1 24^8 1 :23 : 19
1 c-APPbl :2J:45
1 Jlil-Krtl : OOMIO
l.jAPknl :i)0:2H
1 iftHvv£i:ol:5H
1 JAHRHl :04:<,9
1 ja^WHl : 0 7 : S2
1 JAf-Rol : 10: i /'
2J«tJWbl :20 :59
23A^Hc*l:2i:06
2JnPk81 :21 :26
oli-">Yel : 10 = 23
J 0 f ' A Y t* 1 "^1 "?S
4 l IMAYHI : 12|09
Itv^^Yril i 19:*+^*
1 wf' a Yd 1 : 1 4 : 22
i-M-i/vYti 1 : 1 2 : OH
0 1 JUNH 1 : 17 : 1 3
0 ijiiNul :21 :*^0
O* jijNtM : 00 : 20
IO.IUNHI :o2:4i
1 3Ji)M«l :22!42
OlJULbl : 15:32
01JULH1 :21 : 10
POJULUl : 18: lb
28JiiLbl : 1 1 :53
2HJDL81 : 19:23
06Al)(,81 : 10 : 16
Of*Aii(i« 1:06:21
1 lAij(-,di : 18:54
• 30AUGrtl : 1)7:23
» 3 1 AijGH 1 : 0 '•» : 0 2
OfcSI: Mh 1 ! 1 3 !40
lSSt.^bl • 16:5^
01UC fbl :21 : 10
IMIJCTHI : 1 7: 34
2Jf'CT«l :07:SH
25DCTH : 14:46
05h'OV>il :23.'05
OlUKCwl : U:32
FLO
0.75000
0.50000
0.46000
1 .50000
0 • 9^0 U 0
0.21000
0.21000
0.21000
0.04000
0.2HOOO
1.04000 .
1 .64000
0.79000
1 .12000
0.91000
0.40000
0.19060
0. 17000
0.29000
0.<«05bO
0.76000
1 .70000
1 .42000
0.55000
1 .54000
0.21000
0.06000
3.96000
0.67000
0.42000
0.39000
0.26000
0.76000
0.57000
0.78000
0.44000
0.36000
0.49000
0.29000
1 .30000
0.32000
0.45QOO
0.29762
0.35000
SI A = b
LPH
7.2
7.1
7.1
7.2
7.3
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.1
6.1
6.2
6.3
6^7
6.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
7.0
7.2
6.6
7.3
7.5
7.2
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.9
7.0
7.0
6.4
6.4
6.6
6.9
6.7
7.0
6.6
7.8
6.9
7.4
6.8
6.H
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
5
LCOND
50
60
65
45
45
70
130
175
200
145
70
50
50
60
65
55
55
50
50
60
50
100
BO
60
105
480
its
145
125
70
45
70
95
b5
100
120
85
lie
75
LTALK
LCALK
PH
00
TEMP
CONO
17
22
11
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
i
en
O
OHS
77H
779
m
?§*
784
78b
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
79h
797
79^
799
flOll
fOl
802
803
^ (14
805
80n
807
HOB
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
81 7
H 1 V
820
821
H22
824
825
827
928
829
830
831
STKMNO
228.1)
.
;
:
.
,
.
.
322.0
329.0
*
m
.
.
.
.
w
SI .0
SI . 1
SM .1)
ft3.U
,
7*5 . 0
,
8V. 0
91.0
99 I 0
101.0
1 04.0
107.0
.
113.0
9
1 1M.U
B
1 ~^0 • U
,
1 1 1 • '1
1 1S.U
^
13d.o
1 H'i.O
|4o.U
w
1S3.U
15 7 In
9
161.0
T YPI-:
2
1
1
i
1
1
1
I
2
2
1
1
1
1
1 .
1
1
2
^
2
¥
i
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
d
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
Tl
ISuilfiOO
ISSt PHO
2vStPOU
061 1C THO
2UOCTHO
27(K,lriO
OJNOVMO
1 ()NOV«0
1 /l-iUVlO
1 7NHV80
24tlOVMO
OUitCBO
OHJtOO
IbDLCMO
22DLCHO
1 2 J Ahri 1
2b J6M8 1
O^F t ^ ^ 1
~c (.' H. (i P 1
Sdt t ^ ^ 1
2-')f th8 1
(1 u M A ^ K 1
) fi M A P y i
1 hPAWIn 1
2 3'-' AW Ml
T 1) M A K M 1
(1 1 APPMJ
Ot)Atjky i
09APPB1
1 1 APPH 1
[ *« APk/B 1
1 7 AMP H 1
20APRbl
23APPB1
2/APPrt 1
2 1^ A PP^j 1
(llf-'AYbl
0 ') M a Y 8 1
1 0 M A Y 1 1
1 1MAY81
1 1 M A Y ^ 1
IbMAYHl
IttMftYrtl
1 HMAYol
1 VMA Yt^ 1
f*H,M A Y tJ 1
OIJUNHl
02JUNH1
03JUNM)
OhJUNbl
08JUN81
10JUN81
1
: 18:30
iiojos
il j:30
= 14! IS
: 1 1 : 10
: 1 1 :0t
: 10:20
: OQ : 4b
: 1 6 : 3 7
:09: 30
i13:30
: 09 : 45
|13:no
: 10J2S
:^3: 3H
: U 0 : 0 M
ill :20
:io:oo
: 13:09
: 0 9 : 3 o
:C9:()3
: 17 : 2 7
: 1 0 : 35
: 10:b9
: 10:3S
: 0 3 : 1 7
: 1 1 : 3 1
: 10:50
• 1 1 : S 1
:09:40
: 17:31
: 1 0 = 44
: 09 : b1^
: 16:30
: 10:00
: 1 2 : 46
: 12:39
iP,9:?15
•15: ov
: 1 b : 45
: 1 1 :oo
|04:20
:01 :2f<
: 11:45
:02:bO
FLO
1 .850
O.OOb
0.005
O.OOb
0.005
O.OOb
O.OOb
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.630
1.220
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0^440
0. 720
0. 100
o.nio
0.020
0.130
0.010
0.100
0.270
0.005
0.350
0.250
0.3HO
0.020
0.010
0.290
0.010
0. 130
1 .080
0.005
0.230
0.020
0. 180
0.070
0.005
0.060
0.140
0.420
0.005
0.260
1 .290
0.070
O.OOb
0.220
LPH
6.7
•
I
m
%
9
^
5.4
5.7
,
^
.
0
9
6.7
6. 1
6.0
6.0
,
6.9
9
6.7
7.2
&I7
6l9
6.3
6^2
m
6 * *»
m
6.6
&I9
7.0
7.4
7.2
6.9
e
7.1
7.2
7.0
^
7.1
UK 16
LCOND LTALK LCALK PH
75
20
16
17
75
7
14
235
210
190
15! 28
.
1 ^0
.
175
175
170
490
115
1 <*5
,
m
155
120
120
120
110
110
110
*
105
95
100
90
5
0
5
0
5
7.6
8.4
7.5
7.7
8.4
6.7
6.7
8.4
7.5
m
DO TEMP
8.1 23. 0
5.6, 26.0
B.b 18.0
9.4 19.0
9.6 16.0
0.7 10.0
0.8 10.0
1.0 12.5
2.0 6.0
6.2 12.2 9.5
5.3 10.6 11.0
5.4
6.0
5.1
6.0
1.6 4.0
2.6 2.5
2.4 0.0
1.0 5.0
6.2 14.4 2.0
^
.
* .
. ,
bis lllo 5ls
6.0 13.2 8.0
.
9 .
6.1 16.? 6.0
,
^
. .
6.5 11.0 11.0
,
.
.
.
# 9
m .
. .
, .
6.8 10.2 15.0
,
. m
8.5 10.6 17.0
^
^
6.2
,
6.4
.
.
6.0
•
t
.
6.2
.
,
6.2
.
9 9
^ ^
8.4 16.0
9 9
8.4 19.0
. »
. 9
7.6 15.0
• •
» •
v v
7.B 23.0
9 9
, .
. .
7.4 24.0
. .
COND
85
9S
65
70
65
65
9
65
70
85
80
315
370
265
m
9
125
135
125
^
85
9
9
9
9
285
.
120
9
m
110
9
110
.
.
100
.
•
.
105
,
.
9
70
.
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
i
cn
OBS
832
833
834
835
836
837
83H
439
840
841
842
843
844
845
84b
^t+ 7
84P
P49
BbO
8b2
b53
854
855
856
857
858
859
bbO
b61
005
862
863
M65
Hb6
667
H??t*
669
870
B71
873
874
H/S
876
877
87H
879
STRMNO
164
171
17b
1 43
1Mb
201
,
209
218
220
,
.
242
251
?Sti
,
'f 7*+
.
.
?91
?9b
.
310
•
i
,
33b
STHMNO
262.0
262.0
262.0
2t>b.O
2bb.O
292.0
29^.0
d*J t* • 0
29,?.0
eftyi? • 0
3 3/1* • U
34n.O
Jbtt.O
21.0
33.0
39. u
42.0
bO.O
T ri-'t
2
f.
c
2
c-
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
c
c
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
T
YPE
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
^
2
f
'f>
s
2
2
2
2
^
Til
13JUMH1 :23:20
20JUNB1 :ui :06
25 Jl i:\iHl : 19:48
02JULHI : 13:09
04JULH1 :OH:04
20JMLH1 : lb:27
27JUL41 :09:50
28JULP1 : 1?:55
06AUL.81 : 12:37
OHAuGHj :0| |02
24
r1 ^U.1 V H 0 ' \ *? I Jt**
0 '-* h I • C B o : 1 2 • J **
23ULC80 ! 09 • 40
21JANMJ !04! 33
02F L H 81:06:46
OHFKHB1 : 1 0:b-J
1 iF'tHhl :04!b^
19F> Mgi :e>2- J7
FLO
0.300
0.190
0. 190
0.800
1 .700
0.9HO
0.005
0.270
0.240
8.180
.000
0.000
0.510
0.140
0.350
0.005
0.150
0.005
0.005
0.210
0.260
0.350
0.005
0.140
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.190
0.005
FLO
0.1 1
0.07
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.24
0.17
0.05
0.02
0.00
0 . Ib
0.0?
0.1 '1
0.02
1.21
O.lb
0.1H
0.08
- blA=b
LPH
6.9
6.6
7.0
6.4
6.1
6.8
&I7
7.2
^
%
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.8
m
.
8.4
7.0
6.9
*
7.3
*
*
lUKlb
LCOND LTALK LCALK PH 00
90
105
100
90
80
90
250
230
^
m
80
100
85
100
.
100
105 21
100
85
I 11
7.0 95 17
5
5
m ^
m ^
m .
9 ^
^ 9
6.9 8.00
# ,
• .
81 &. An
.1 D . OU
7.3 7.50
. .
9 ,
8.9 8.70
9l2 9^15
9.3 9.30
^ ^
7.3 8.70
• .
7.3 J3.10
7.3 10.30
7.9 9.90
7.4 10.90
00..
0 0 7.1 10.20
LPH LCONO LTALK LCALK PH 00
m
7^3
7.5
7.0
7.0
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.4
6.1
5.3
6.2
5.4
5.7
6.9
7.1
•
?70
190
180
165
105
110
95
115
70
15S
39b
6SO
17S 19 0
?00
55 27 0
130
TEMP
24
2 »
26
9
m
19
18
15
•
.
16
.
1?
4
7
•
COND
10
.
85
80
.
.
.
70
.
70
75
•
.
75
»
75
75
75
80
TEMP CONO
-------
m
Ul
ro
STATION CHEM1CALDATA
OHS STrtMNO TYl-t 111 FLU LPH LCONt) LT/
880 '53.0 2 23FE.hHJ :il:«5 0.25
681 fb.O c. IbMAUHl : 13:^b 0.08 6.8 18U
8fl2 o9'.0 2 30MAK81 :y7:«»3 0.17 6.8 110
883 9b.i) 2 uS^PKBl : 17:35 0.36 6.6 105
8tf<« vv. o s_ (WAPHH j : j 1 : J4 0.24 6.7 13S
8Hb 102.0 2 l2flPKH] : !>:b<» 0.11 6.2 120
«M6 l< lU'.O ^ £• 3£HKM :20:n2 0.32 6.3 150
rtn<* 120.0 ^ 30A^KMi: 10: Jt- 0.06 6.0 205
8S(0 121.0 c; OlMfltbl : 10:31 O.lb 7.3 90
H91 13d.li d lOMArol : lb: 15 0.17 7.8 135
*V2 Ul.i) <-: 1 H-AYbl : 1^:29 0.20 7.2 100
893 35.0 2 15MAYfai:i2:l2 0.54 6.5 120
B9<» 3b.l 2 15MAY81 : l: 19 0.15 7.1 155
H9h lsc.it ^ 01JUN81 : M: la 0.22 7.0 155
89'J lol.u 2 1 UJUMH] :u-<:26 0.18 6.9 90
900 It^.u ^ 1 jJUhtfl : IO:H£: O.Od 7.7 120
901 1M.O ^ i?OJUWrtl :00:ot> 0.25 6.1 125
90? 1/b.U 2 25JUNiM :20:«;l 0.41 6.9 85
903 1«'4.U 2 0 JJULb 1 :o5:oo 0.07 6.2 210
9tK <^C^.O ,e 21.)«'LB1 : IS: JO 0.19 b.9 100
90S 2ilb.() c S^JULHl : 16: 02 0.31 7.1 170
906 2l>7.0 ^ 26JHLH1 : 19:-46 0.12 7.6 3<»b
907 21b.O ^ 0.jAuu*l : lb:23 0.2J 7.0 245
90H 21H.C 2 06AuL,yl : 13:^0 0.01 7.3
909 223.0 2 1 UUGfl t20: 1<« 0.34 b.<* 110
910 2'.2.0 ^ JO«lK,Hl to*: lo 0.2A 7.0 90
911 2^3.0 ^ 31ALIG81 : 1 1 :b7 0.33 7.0 HO
912 251.0 2 OwSiPbl !U:07 0.11 7.2 155
913 25^.0 2 ISSf Pol : 17!b2 0.21 6.9 95
9U 260. u 2 1 7«,tPH| I20S49 0.12 7.0 115
9 IS 2/0.0 2 27StP8l : 1^:21 O.I/ 7.0 110
916 279.0 2 ObOCTKl : 11 :08 0.10 6.7 95
9!/ 296.0 2 230tm ! 14: 16 0.13 7.0 100
918 2VM.O 2 23()Cr81 .'20:33 0.06 7.4 155
919 2V4.0 2 2nOCTHl :12!33 O.I/ 7.1 100
920 30V. 0 2 05NUVM :21 :0b 0.25 7.0 100
9?1 33^.0 c' OlUtLH] : 1 1 ;(j"3 0.12 J.d 140 2^
922 33*. U 2 04[itCM ! 18:t>2 0.09 /.S 100
»LK LC'
t
«
\LK 1
->H 1
)0 Tl
[MP C(
'
)NO
-------
Ous
sffVMNu
TYPE
Til
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
STA=51URlb
FLO LKH LCONL)
LTALK
LCALK
PH
00
TEMP
COND
CO
92*. b^.o r1 23Fh.MH 1 : 09 : 2 1 0.4O 6.0 100
925 121.0 '-> 01"AYHl : 1 ^: U4 O.M 6.0 75
92h 1J9.0 d l-JM«rhl : lb:^b O.Oo 7.0 125
927 Ib't.n d (>3 JUNb 1 '• £3 '• *»V O.cIO 7«j 60
92H Ib/.O 2 Ot.Jil^M :01 : 1 1 0.0£ 7.0 100
9?9 2-.'.*.'! d IbSfcP^l s IVtt-ii O.Ob 6.B 105
930 2'^.l d ?fOCTH| :<•>! : 10 0.07 6.0 100 Zl 5 0
OHS <;r>v«NO Ty^t Til FLO LHM LCUNl) LTAl
931 b 1 . d 'd 2UI- k>H 1 : On : 0? 0.0h<. 7.7 345
932 bl.l 2 • 2i-Ff bHl : li,:n? 0.032. 7.8 3^0
Q-\i, fc.t.d <• (i4MA-^j :23:oo 0.032 6.6 300 100
9^b 7'j.U 2 1 ^M-A~H 1 • 1 ^ : 1 S 0.017 7.0 S^O
QTf, H9.() 2 Jiri*(vH 1 : 0'-»! S>v li.Oc'4 6.H 39S
g'ty |()l lit 2 1 l«.PrV>ii ! 1 1 :.T« ol"24 t.Iy 30b
940 IdJ.O <; 1 j"Pt^nl : 1 U : b / 0 . u 1 •« h.H 31b
041 IU.O 2 23"k^8l :21 !31 O.Obt 7.0 3^b 112
94? 121. U 2 (I JKAYHl ! 1 1 ! OH 0.117 7.4 29S
94 J I tll.O 2 10MAYK1 : 1 ?!2t> 0.027 7.9 310
044 1 tb.l) 2 IbMAYHl : 1 3:0 / 0.04b 7.2 290
94b IJH.U 2 1HMAYH1 :?1 !4H 0.032 7.8 ' 2H5
94h J4M.O 2 2bMAYH j ! 09: >b 0.010 7.0 420
947 IbD.O ? JO-IAYHl :?3: Ib 0.017 7.2 3SO
948 U.4.0 2 1 3JUMH1 : 19:02 O.Obl H.I 260
949 1M.O 2 ?OJHM81 :Oh:3J 0.012 5.9 3'i.0 2 !SStP81 : 1 V:3'» O.llb 8.4 30b
9M 2fi">.0 2 22St I-1 81 : 1" : \-> 0.002 7.8 630
962 291.0 2 ItKiCrol :?n: 1 1 0.009 9.1 410
963 d*i'..(> ? 2j(.iCTHi:io:r>^ 0.033 H.6 370 11B
964 2^^'U ^ 2bL)CTtl 1 : Io!b6 0.06V d.O ?40
965 .110.0 2 06NOVM 1 : 01) 1 31* 0.016 y.O 265
.K LC*
U
0
\LK f
JH I
)0 Tf
:MP c(
DND
-------
STATION CHEMICAL DATA
rn
l
il A=blUK20
OHS STMMNO TYPt Til FLO LPH LCONU LTALK LCALK PH 00
966 2bt< 2 IbSt PHI : 1 ?:41 4.H 9.4 1
96? 26b ^ ?2il-^HI : 19:()6 Ib.b6 6.7 1
968
970 !
971 t
97? ,
973 ,
9y^+
'*7l-i } (i^>'ifTKl*iH*'^K 1 *^ 1 n A/»
.•7 C. l'Ol'CI~I«J'*»^O 1 J • 1 O O»*r
f91 2 IHiitTfij : IM: ib 2.2b ?.9 1
^9b rL c J!)C IM :p-C<»^ 3.7b 6.6
•*9d d 2Sf)CThl : 1«»:S4 0.8<« 6.5
^99 2 2K>CTt< 1 : If : \2 9.r>3 6.7
}(j9 ^ ()~>'1'j(^\/^l»?l»04 4.**b 7.0
975 J3b S. OllJtl'ttl : 10:24 1.20 h.6 1
976
<* e O'.JAt-jf'?: lb:f)b O.bl
20
10
10
50
C,Q
50
80
10 15 0
• • •
Ot-S STPMNO TYPt ^ Til FLO LPH LCONO LTALK LCALK PH 00
977
978
9V9
981)
9H1 29<-
98?
9H3
984
9HS
9H6
9H7
1 21^tMfll :c>9:20 0.03S
1 2t*St"IJHl!Ort!.'3fi 0.029
1 IcOCIM :<)Sii IS llldU
d C-^CJC FH1 : 1^: 33 0.420 10 2 IS
1 02fiOvM :OP. :SS 0.019
1 09NOVt
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OPGANICS DATA
I
CJ1
cn
OHS
148
149
50
51
152
153
§5
156
157
58
59
160
161
62
63
1 6^
65
166
167
169
70
71
72
73
74
17b
73
79
180
83
04
85
fi6
87
1 89
1 H *-)
190
191
92
93
94
95
196
197
98
99
200
201
STH'-INO
292.00
292.00
292.00
292.00
292.00
2^2. 10
292. 10
292. 10
292. 10
292. 10
222:18
292! 10
292. 10
292. 10
2-V. 10
292.10
^^2. 1 0
292. 10
292. 10
. . \
8s/ . 1
B9.01
8V. I 1
89. ij
90.00
95.00
TYVfc
2
2
g
p
2
2
£
2
2
£
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
<5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
^>
£
2
2
2
p
S
2
2
T 1 1
lH()CT80:Ov: 18
1 HOC f80 : 1 0 : 1 4
jmiCT8o: 11:19
1 tincl du : 12 : 27
1 MOCTtMl : 1 4 : 1?
1 'tot. Tbo: lt>:48
180CT30: o:5f
Iduci8o: 17: 18
180CTBO: 1 7:53
18UCT80: lrt:26
J8(irTbo: id:34
louCTBO: Id: 39
180CT«0: 18:44
180CT80: ld|50
18DCT80 : 19: 07
1HOCT80: Is/: 15
InuCTbO: 1 9:24
IbOCTBO: 19:33
18UCT80: 19:44
180C F8o: 19:56
180CT8o:2o: 1 1
l8i)CT8o:Po:29
ld(JCT80:20:4B
180CT80|?0:52
180Cf80:2i:o?
1 MIJCT80 I 2 1 ' 08
18UCT80:21 : 16
04HUV80 :0d:??
09NOV80: lb:44
p i+ f1 j ( ) y H 0 * 0 '^ • tt~l
27NOV80: 16:56
09l)hC80: 12J5S
23QtCdO:08: 19
?UFtHHlSl3:iS
?lFtfjai: Ib: J2
22e triftl : i /: n
16MAKH1 : 12! 1 1
3oi'AP81 : 0 7: Jh
3DMAKH ) : 08 : 04
30MAHM1 :oo:28
30MAkhi :o^«45
3i'MAKHl : Ov: 00
31)^^1^81 lO"^* 1 3
30MAP81 r09:2^*
30MAM8) :0v:3^
30MAt>H 1 : Ov:S3
30MAP81 : lu: 19
30MAh«l : 1 j:20
05APK81 1 17: 30
blA=b
KLO
0. 12000
0. 12000
0.09000
O.OoOOO
0.03000
0.58000
0.42000
0.1^000
0. 12000
0. J3000
A. 11 000
.89000
0.8HJOOO
0.67000
0.42000
0.4^000
0.4^000
0.42000
0.42000
0.33000
0.33000
0.21000
0.21000
0.67000
1 . 1 1000
1 .23000
0.89000
0.67000
0.42000
0. 19000
0.58000
0.36000
0.1^000
0.29000
0. 15000
0.61000
0.15000
0. 16064
0.33264
0.47000
0.05000
0. 18000
o.ieooo
0.27000
O.J3000
0.39000
0.42000
0.45000
0.36000
0.24000
0.15000
0.47000
0. 1^682
0.60000
1U«OJ --
con
324.0
284.0
244.0
244.0
240.0
308.0
l^Io
* 82lo
9B.O
?62:H
38lo
26.0
36.0
22.0
16.0
16.0
50.4
60.1
42.7
46.7
9
144.0
1 13.0
42.7
38.8
.
24.4
16.0
56.0
1 P • 0
4.0
" 40.0
32.0
40.0
36.0
46.0
20.0
33. 3
.
m
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
51 .8
24.9
180.0
TSS OBOD5 HODb OBOD20 BOU20
87.0
25.0
1 1 .0
tb.O
9.0
437.0
127.0
56.0
22.0
63.0
296.0
126.0
55.0
39.0
15.0
23.0
15.0
24.0
14.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
6.0
323.0
136.0
55.0
29.0
23.0
23.0
13.0
154.0
8.0 3
1 .0
21.0
5.5
39.0
?3.0
19.0
17.0
18.0 4
22.0
84.0
49.0
141.0
98.0
73.0
67.0
429.0
200.0
57.0
34.0
102.0
11.0
57.0
5 . 6
2 B
f
3
8
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OKGANICS DATA
m
i
en
CT>
O'^s
202
203
204
205
207
209
2 1 0
2 1
212
213
214
215
217
21H
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
22*
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
23H
239
?40
241
242
243
244
245
246
STKf-NU
99. U
1 0 2 . U
104. 0
1 0 / . 0
113.0
130.0
1 J«.l>
14H.O
1 4 9 . U
150 .0
1 *D2 . U
1 54 . 0
155.0
157.1
159.U
161.0
164.0
1 7(i . 0
1 7f- . 0
1 -<4 . (t
1 H1"1 • 0
20 i .0
202.0
205.0
20 7.0
209.0
215. u
21 H.u
219.0
223.0 .
227. u
24^. 0
24J.O
251 .0
25r< . u
2b0.u
2 ^1., f ft
2 7 0 . U
274 .0
291.0
29fc . d
297. u
2'yf).0
300.0
J J5. 0
TYPE
^
c.
d.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
^
2
^
/
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
t:
£
^
2
^
^
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
II
()4APRt F" P W 1
2 7 S K P b 1
01UCT81
/* 1 0 C T h 1
260CTH1
270CI^1
0 Hit CHI
1
: 10 :
: i M :
: 1 b •
; yt> ;
: 1 4 :
:14:
: 13:
: o 1 •
: iw:
; ^ "j ;
: j 3 •
: 1 v :
:20:
:21 :
:21|
: 1 7 :
: 2 3 :
:20:
: u5 •
: i>ii>:
: j 5 :
: 1 4 :
: 1 9 :
:oo:
: 1 0 :
: 1 6 :
• 1 0 •
• U6 !
:10:
; 1 j :
: 17:
:20 :
: 19:
: l g :
if?:
I13:
: OH :
: 1 1 :
^6
53
2 j
21*
6b
23
3b
07
33
4 0
1 ^,
25
56
10
20
08
1 8
3^*
12
1 1
0-y
4 1
32
24
51*
Jt>
32
23
04
44
4b
20
Ob
M
1 ?>
?0
57
10
?4
41)
fLO
0.53000
O.^7bb9
0.15000
0.13301
0.22646
0.29t37
0.26000
0.24000
0.10000
0.09000
0.22000
0.09000
0.06000
0.09465
0.12000
0.25B76
0.14000
1 .32000
0.58929
0.20000
5.60000
0.14143
0.15363
0.26000
0.18191
O.lrtOOO
0. 10000
0.16000
0.08596
0. 19403
0.26000
0.4HOOO
0.33417
1 .40000
U. 92000
0.34000
0. 1HOOO
0.24000
0.36000
0.44000
0.24000
0. 15000
O.S4000
0.33000
0.20000
COD
44.3
30.0
14.0
22.0
12.2
30.0
30.1
36.0
24.5
61 .2
32.6
36.7
36.0
20.0
40.0
24.0
24.0
60.0
20.0
3** • 3
6.1
71.5
28.0
24.0
20.0
24.0
27. H
28.5
23.3
35. H
24.5
39.7
39.7
42.7
34.6
81.6
37.7
31.5
39.3
48.2
32.1
61 .0
27.9
47.1
3S.4
T55
60.
21.
b.
4.
12.
b.
5.
19.
0.
1.
6.
9.
3.
123.
2.
12.
5.
63.
12.
10.
1 1 .
2b .
is.
4.
12.
.
b.
6.
2.
11.
20.
10.
16.
36.
4.
13.
19.
21.
10.
31.
.
13.
8.
18.
26.
DBOD5 BOD5 OBOU20 BOD80
0
0
•j
0 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
s
0
9 3
5 5
a
5
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OkGANICS DATA
cn
bl»-DlUK04
OHS
247
24H
244
2t>0
251
252
255
256
257
258
259
2bO
261
2*2
263
2*4
265
26*
267
26H
269
271
272
271
274
27S
277
27M
280
281
0«S
STW^NU
324
332
33
42
50
53
89
45
94
102
1 ii"
107
1 Id
1 2 1
131
1 35
134
153
154
1*1
164
171
176
20 I
20H
223
227
243
2^8
2 6 o
274
ST-KhO
1 Y^t
d
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
i1.
2
2
2
^
d
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
d
2
2
2
2
1 YPt
1 I
2 4 M 0 V 8 0
2 ^N( W80
(J,Jf- f. ^fi 1
1 IFtHbl
14h (: r<81
22F^ H8]
jl'MAfJHJ
OS APf
: 02
• 4 o
: t,u
• 56
: 25
:58
:22
142
•58
:no
• 3^
|10
:*32
: 1(l
:32
:39
: 55
:'?()
;32
: 10
:oi
:52
T 1 1
FLO
0.61004
0 .54/14
0 . 18000
0. 76000
0. 15000
0.45000
0.33795
0.20009
0.21*76
0. 13000
0.59418
0.1 1000
0.05000
0.05002
0.58455
0.52000
0.49068
0.09000
0.1 1000
0.16000
0.^9499
0.34000
0.48000
0. 16000
1 .30000
0. 15000
0.09872
0.30000
0.35000
0.24000
0.60000
0.50000
0. 17335
0.28000
COD
16.0
8.0
36.0
36.0
30.0
36.5
29.4
.
26.3
26.3
.
,
25.7
90.0
22.0
15.8
24.5
57.1
36.0
36.0
27.9
40.0
27.5
11.9
19.9
17.4
6.1
11.8
17.9
24.6
30.5
29.5
0.35000 20.7
CTA— ClllD/iC.
FLO COD
TSS
20.
4.
19.
24.
20.
19.
29.
10.
16.
22.
25.
21.
23.
d*+ •
21.
22.
17.
16.
12.
78.
18.
10.
7.
7.
10.
4.
5.
5.
1.
7.
10.
10.
9.
11.
17.
DBOD5 BODS OBOD20 BOD20
0
0
0
0 3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
5
0
TSS DBOD5 BODS DbOD20 BOD20
2H?
284
2H5
287
289
291
292
243
294
-.10
'.no
• .00
264.00
304.00
314.00
321 .00
324.01
324.02
324.03
3J(T.OO
33^00
OMIOVHQ : OH: is
UVNOVHO : 1 5 '• * 1
)6HOv*io : o 1 : 16
>1=22
0.04
0.27
0.04
O.OJ
0.03
0.10
0.35
0.0 f
0.10
0.03
0.08
41 .4
36.3
20.0
60.0
60.0
14.U
2H.O
32.0
19.0
46.0
56.0
12.0
6.0
11.5
152.0
9.0
3.0
5.0
7.0
3.0
2?.0
44.0
10 0 G
18 0
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND OHGANICS DATA
I
Ul
OHS
29S
397
29«
299
300
301
30?
303
304
305
306
307
3(iq
309
310
311
312
31 3
314
315
316
31?
319
320
321
32?
333
324
32S
326
327
331
33"
331
332
333
1 14
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STATION 50Llu5 AMD ORGANIC5>DATA
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STATION SOLIDS AND OHGANICS DATA
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STATION SOL 105 AND ONGANlCb UATA
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0 1* Jl 'L o 1
(I j JULH 1
04 JULHl
UJULbl
2oJIILn)
^4 JUL H 1
^S Jl IL M 1
^ 7 JljL f^ 1
09: 10
(4: 15
1 4 : 0 b
Ori! 1 -t
1.C40
1 J!29
lb!00
09 t 43
18:13-
1 7t4r>
1 0 | 0 7
2 11 Sill
03:32
i4:45
ov:35
^3:47
io:56
14:33
1 1 :?D
12:0o
13:45
2 1 • ?2
] <\ l ^.i.
1 *i : 1 ^
22iOU
15:23
2o:??
1^:20
^o : 4 1
1 4 : ? a
13:35
04:50
o s : 5 1
13:50
14:35
14 : 24
0 ?! 44
I 4 : 4 1
0 JAI 'OH 1 1 ^ : 00
T 1 1
020CIUO 16 4t,
^5')C 1^0 0 3 ^*0
(^4^|(^\/ °.0 I ^ ^9
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1 7hOv;*0 i 6 03
P a ^ ( ) v H 0 u 7 0 fi
^4flOVclO 1^ -34
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1 .3000
0.0350
0.0i!00
0.4QOO
0.4600
0 . 4 H 0 0
0.0200
0.5500
1 .0000
0.2200
0.2100
0.0200
1.1000
d.2700
0.0250
0.2600
0.3900
1 .1600
0.0121
2.5400
0 • c?** 0 0
0.0121
0.5600
0.0200
1 .0500
1 .3900
0.4100
1 .2200
0.0061
3.7100
O.OOB9
0.3000
0.5100
4.8200
0.0061
0.003M
0.5900
3.6700
0.0465
0.2600
FLU
0 ,?'d
0 . H
3B4.0
0.5 Z
0.5
543.0
351.0
332.0
2.0
71.0
88.0
150.0
25.0
2.0 1
466.0
44.0
7.0
36.0
126.0
410.0
4.0
93.0
104.0
4.0
55.0
6.0
560.0
562.0
1 14.0
iOl.O
4.0
369.0
13.0
125.0
101.0
22B.O
4.5 1
1.0
380.0
300.0
0.5
6 3
6 3
6 3
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4
4
127.0
TSS L»bOO5 BOU5 L)faO030 B0030
4.0
21.0 33 68
0.0
1 10.0
4.0
.
6.0
3.5
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND ORGANICS DATA
I
cn
CO
0^
543
^s
54*7
54 «
ssn
5SI
55?
SST
55*4
555
556
557
S5H
559
5*0
561
562
563
565
566
567
S''"
570
SM
57?
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
5 wo
5^* 1
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5*3
5*'-.
si,".Nn
3 <. 4 . (.,
351 .U
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9*. (/
10". U
1 U 1 . (J
1 HI . o
1 <• 1 . (.
130.0
1 35.1'
1 lr .11
IV. .11
1 7J . ||
1 ">r' . II
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2 1 r •'. u
2 1 v . 1.1
22 J.i)
2«jl 1
251.0
26 (J . 0
2/4.0
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I 60K L ^ 0 : 04 : 0 /
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(iwh i-rol : 12: jo
1 U F1- -il :oO:-5
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30/'A^^i :u9:u9
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l^ftr^dl : 1)5:22
1 /APCHl : 1 I : fb
0 1 f A Y « 1 : o H : 1 b
1 Of-'A YH 1 : 1 S : 3b
ISPAr-l : 12; iv
C3JIIN". 1 i^O :S7
04ju'-iii : i 7 : ul
20 H JNM i : o 0 : t?6
Ol JUL-il :0/: 10
Shj\iL* 1 : 1 6 :^9
0*£UO'Tl " 10-^4
((/AIJ(J&I :»^3:3*^
1 1 M.n.M : i^:54
jOAij'j'-j 1 : o7 :42
31A(ibdl : 1 1 : 19
1 5 S P. I-' 8 1 : l f > : '» u
17Sfc^A) :()**: in
0 1 (>C 1 8 1 : r" 1 : 1 4
IfM'CTfti : 1 /:3tj
23(-C IHI :o?:35
250CIol :14:5^-
jj-j/jfi^j ; j^:jv
27oCTHl :us:-*2
05hiOvvO :^3:54
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bi
FLO
0.13
0.19
0.20
0.«7
0.22
0.46
0.30
0.21
0.2n
O.OH
Oll9
0.18
ol36
0.25
Ol32
0.7?
0.1 /
1.07
1.15
0 . 62
II. O/
1.39
1 .25
1.25
0.15
0.59
ol33
O.lb
0.31
0.10
0.20
0.05
ol35
0.58
0.14
COL)
60.0
6H.O
9
48.0
47.0
61.0
60.0
46.0
52.0
44.0
56.0
39.2
36.3
49.5
m
49.0
40.0
48.0
6? . J
41 .9
4ft. 0
60.0
59.7
/9.4
45.2
16.0
59.5
38.6
41 .4
80.5
47.1
40.4
66.5
77.4
72.7
86.8
42.4
19.3
25.4
27.4
60.6
25.6
TSS DB005 BOD5 OBOD20 BOD20
9.0
11.0
72.0
50.0 G 10
13.0
13.0 4
12.0
9.0
1 1 .0
6.0
68.0
10.0
1 1.0
13.0 2
14.0
28.0
4.0
6.0
39.0
10.0
11.0
25.0
91.0
45.0
55.0
8.0
17.0
32.0
.
14.0
11.0
10.0
2.5
4.0
30.0
113.0
69.0 4
0.5
5.5
10.0
24.0
b.O
0 G 16
? 10
0 5
9 8
0
0
5
9
-------
STATION SOLIDS AND 00KANICS DATA
Cn
0»S
5RS
SH6
5H7
S8^
Sh"4
590
59 1
592
593
544
SvS
S96
b97
598
599
600
601
602
6Q3
t>04
605
606
*>f) 7
•"••OH
604
6)0
61 1
612
613
614
MS
617
61 4
f>? 1
6 ??
•S23
624
6?^
626
627
621
624
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29^
299
f*4w
322
J2v
3««4
33
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so
51
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7 »jj
41
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4V
101
1 04
121
1 30
131
134
147
1<*6
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1^2
154
1SS
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160
160
l'<3
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205
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1 >vH;THij
2 D ' i L r B (>
2 b 1 1 C T ^ 0
1 /M()y/nu
2 4 r j 0 v H ( )
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( i ri J t h b 1
1 Vl* t~ h 8 1
2 0 h 1 1- 8 1
22"1 H MH I
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0 i AKiV8 1
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04AMP8I
1 lAkl'81
1 4 AF'Pti 1
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10M*Y«1
1 1M/\Y81
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1 v M A ^ b 1
? 7 M A Y ^J 1
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3 0 M ^ Y H 1
OiJUMbl
03JUN81
04JllfJ81
HSJUNR i
0 ^ JLiMi3 1
13JIJMB1
'I J.IUI bl
24 JUI 8 1
2H Jill ti 1
OHOIIliB I
1 1 flliuc!!
1 5 ^ t (•' H 1
1 r'StP^l
010C.T81
2JUCT61
260(, T cl 1
Olllt f HI
1 4 f.) E C 8 1
231JK C^ 1
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03
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^
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06
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16
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21
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: «9
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: 39
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= 38
: 1 5
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: 47
: S3
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: ^t-
: 10
: ^s
:o6
: 40
: ?4
: 45
: 10
: /^S
: 30
• 35
• 5 2
: 25
: 45
: 11
:IJH
: 26
: 2H
: 20
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0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
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0
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0
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0
0
0
0
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0
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0
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FLO
.34000
.60000
.S^OOO
.84000
. 24 000
. ? H 7 77
.49000
.SbOUO
.55000
.3SOOO
.43000
• c? 7 s^y
.06000
.66000
• 4bOOO
.77000
143000
.' 16399
123000
.36000
.24000
.30000
.23000
.^9000
.94000
.39000
. 15699
• df 1 S 1 ?
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.He889
. <4 1* 7 (^ H
.06892
.03000
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. 15300
.66667
.57000
.20370
.37267
. 16000
.64000
. 160UO
. 34000
. 18S98
UK 1 U --
COO
62.3
^6.0
54.0
22.0
8.0
60.0
60.0
72.0
80.0
40.0
56.0
17.6
70.0
68.6
56.4
37.6
37.6
32.0
40.0
.
33.9
23.8
97.4
37.8
45.7
28.0
21.9
44.0
52.0
40.0
4fi.O
48.0
V4.9
1H.2
100.0
56.0
30.4
2?. 3
17.4
21.2
23.1
y^> , 4
27.1
24.6
50.6
21.9
T5S DBOD5 BOOS DBOD30 BOD30
45.0
19.0 2
42.0
18.0
68.0
33.0
145.0 G 10
49.0
37.0
34.0
21.0
44.0
23b.O
14«,0
80.0
90.0
flO.O
55.0
6/.0
43.0
12.0
14.0
52.0
22.0
12.0
1 1.0
5.0
119.0
87.0
17.0
13.0
47.0
86.0
36.0 2
12.0
1 76.0
32.0
43.0
34.0
15.5
14.0
74.0
66.0
15.0
37.0
24.0
56.0
5 6
0 G 18
6 4
5
0
7
-------
STATION SOLIUS AND OUbANICS UATA
CT>
CJ1
o-;s
63?
633
6 )'•
6 )5
636
637
63H
630
641.1
6<« 1
64?
643
f>*4 t\
645
647
64R
649
650
6S1
65?
653
654
6SS
6S^
657
65*
659
660
661
66?
663
664
6oS
66*
667
6*)H
669
670
671
67?
673
674
67S
67*
677
* 7 H
^ 79
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277
277
277
27 7
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32 v
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150
155
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219
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1 H 0 (.' 1 H 0
1 HOC T ^ ('
1 HI /C T H 0
1 HI.'CTHO
1 *J0( T ^ 0
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1 1 M A f r< 1
1 rt I- A r o 1
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2(l'jUN"!
d~i JUNb 1
02 JliLH 1
UJ.H'LO 1
2H JUL6 1
0 ^i A 1 lOH 1
0 77IJ()H 1
1 S S \ P tt 1
0 1 i'C 1 H 1
d. *' 'C T ^ 1
0 1 Of CH 1
i4i;e"c."i
1
: 10
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: 1 •'
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: 14
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III
: o 1
120
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: IS
: 1 5
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: 7
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157
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STATION SOLIDS AND ORGANICS DATA
I
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CTt
S 1 A=31UK I t)
OKS
*«()
*f> i
f>^2
^P. 3
t H<»
t>H t>
^ Hfi
6*7
6fltt
£90
f-9 1
^ 92
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f~9b
£'°h
(-97
' > ' ' Ai
t-.'1't
7no
7"!
7 "2
7".'!
7t>^
7 0 1^
7 .'i V
70rt
7ns»
710
711
71 i
1 J
71*.
71S
71b
71 7
7 If
71 V
72(1
7? 1
722
/ ? 3
72'.
72'j
7 2n
727
72H.
721*
7 30
731
73 j
SlHWJO
^'->9.ll
f1 9 "-1 . 0
2v^ . II
2 ;j u • 0
d. ••<'<. 0
2 *•* v . u
2 ~t ^ • U
29V. 0
2'J9 . I)
244. 0
299. i
299 . 1
2 '-* 9 . j
299 . 1
2'»-*. 1
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2v v! 1
21';'. 1
2-»•->; i
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bl .0
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02.0
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102.0
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t-'-dCTHo: 03:43
2bO( T ^0 I 04 : 29
2SOC1HU! OS: I 1
2 bOC FH(i:uS:37
2bCH. t ^ ti : o^> • i) 1
2bOC 1 HO : Of' : 24
2bO(;Tni):o7: l l
cbOCTHoil'nibJ
2buc T HO : 1 1 : 2H
2b"OCTHijJl2:oi
2bUCTHO! 13^b2
2SUCT >io : 1 4 : 36
2b(K. THO : l 4 : bS
2SOC1 P.O : 1?: ib
: o3
2boC T HO : 1 '/ : 2n
2bOCTtiu« lfS:4_1
2~)OL I bO : 1 7 : 06
2U'OC 1 Ho : 1 7 : 2t>
2^')CTHo: j 7 :so
c'Vnct nu : 1 'i:o9
09L)tf^HO»l2»bl
^IJ^hi^l : 10»4J
0 f' f t. H h 1 :6b!btl
Off t hul : 10 :^7
19KtfH| "22»b6
c^Oft.h'il :^^:**7
21FKHH1 : Ib:n9
22Ft b^l : 12=40
OiAH-H 1 : 1 7 : 00
Oso-r-m : JH: l l
( ; i-i A L" r-* ^ 1 I 10-36
f»*v A pP H | I | III) 7
0<,.U'Pr> 1 : 1 1 iml
1 1 AtJ|/'< 1 : OQ ! b9
1 I API^M 1 ! 1 0 ! e. 0
1 ] A^t'^1 ! l(i!bO
1 1 Ai>ivM i : i i : 2 7
12AI-.-M : p..: 1 1
12/^1^1 1: 19:32
12tHPH.i : l^i^s
I 2 A (J P H 1 ! 2 0 ! 17
1 ^ A i- P >) | : rt ( i : '-> i
l^At-'PMi :2()"b'-*
1 ^AkkH 1 : 20 !bM
l/'ut-'kHl :21 :o7
1 ^At-'t-'H 1 : 2 1 :22
FLO
0.16
O.Oy
0.16
0.16
0. 16
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•
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35
150
200
•
1040
560
110
260
200
220
540
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0
75
0
65
200
80
120
75
1U5
ECR
SCH
ECD
8 8
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0
0
0
0
0
25
SNI
CDF
-------
STATION METALS DATA
112
on1;
?'J5
29^1
297
29b
29^
300
301
302
303
304
3 0 S
30f-»
30 /
30h
309
310
31 1
312
^T1 313
1 -)|4
^jP 3 1 S
** 31*
31V
318
319
320
321
• 322
32?
124
325
3P*"»
3^» /
3 £ **
~^f"-i
3 lu
331
333
335
3 Jr.
3 j 7
3JH
33v
TAft
341
3^2
3^3
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09
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10
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03
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04
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10
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03
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03
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30
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0
210
145
0
105
0
130
0
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70
33
17
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17
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3
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20
0
0
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0
0
0
0
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0
0
6
10
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
-------
STATION METALS DATA
IO
113
cn
M A = MUKU6
OHS STw.-iMi 1 m. ri] H.O EMN SMN EKE SFE ECR SCR ECD ENI SNI COF
345 Pv4.no ,' ^sucrtu»:05:34 0.33 JO 0 1660 2*0 .00 00
34f> J^?.on ^ 1 7l;UVH(i: lb:59 0.?4 l««4o 0 2240 585 .00 00
347 3?4.C1 ^ /-"41-OVoo: lo:?? O.SH jo 30 2275 1060 .00 00
34H JJ2.HO d r>. /UOVHO:?! : U<. 0.04 0
620 ... 0 0
J4f< 33.01 /^ O/^ t- *r< 1 :0b!?7 O.SO ?65 70 900 0 0 0 70 0
350 33.D? d 02H-.HH : \ 55 0 105
J5<> n<4.(,n ^ USi'flPMl :(ji«: 17 0.07 50 35 3h
357 4V.O'1 rl (I4(.PHH) : 1 1 Ii.6 0.1hl :05!03 O.lh
36? I'.H.nn ^ U.06
363 l^^.OI! d ?'hl :?()!0? 11.16 .
364 150.00 ? JOMAYfc :?\i'*h. l).?3
365 15?. 00 ? olJCNhl : 1^:45 O.lM
366 lr.1.00 it lOjiiHM :0b:3? 0.17
367 1^4. on d 1 JJUhbl : lSy:4h o.?4
368 171. on f ^ojiiK'fi : i<«:35 0.60
Jh9 17?. oo ir ^IJIJNH :?o:l? 0.?8
370 1HS.OO d 04 JULhl :()7:OM 1.13
371 209.1") ? ?hJMLBl : 1 1 :45 l.OH
37? ??J.OO ? 1 l/.i.Kjhl : 1^:51 1.01 0
373 ?.?7.no d lr>MiO :^o:jj 1.43
374 ?4?.00 s JUAiK.o : 10=^5 0.?H
375 ?SK.nO d 15sirPt< :1(.>:S4 u . 1 9
376 ?vs.oO d ^JOC TH :i^:HO: lf>:06 O.B400 690 1(
)0 3490 975 0 0 30
3H3 21^.1 d ii3'»iir.H(i:?3:47 1.0700 4bO 30 2360 290 0 0 110
384 231.0 d leutl(^HO:OS:s? 1.0500 1475 20 17300 905 0 0 100
385 23?. o 'd ls»Ai»jho:o?:S7 O.MOOO 225
0 1650 185 0 0 50
386 ' . 1 UoStkMO: 15:00 0.0055 .25 .100 0
SNI CDF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
387 254.0 d lusi>no:oi :U9 0.3400 800 ?55 6350 300 00 0 .
388 . 1 IbbtPbo: 1 0: 35 0.00?1 . 410 . 390 0 .
389 . 1 fPSi-^o: 15: 30 0.00?1 . b75 . 785 0
390 ?69.0 f ?5St PMi:oi:S5 0.04J4 1300 7?5 9o25 1050 000
391 269.0 ? t'SSr Ph(i: iis:5? O.?j40 350 90 4625 280 00 0
392 264.0 2 ^SbKI^MO: 07:^4 O.^J40 ^bO 80 1250 390 0 0 25'
0
0
0
0
0
-------
SI 'U ION METALS OATA
114
I
UD
CTi
OHS sr^'- Tr>-t Til FLO tM^
393 269.0 d r v_.f I'rio : OM: Of- 0.13<»o 2b<
394 269.ii 2 /••>v>r i:oii : 1 o : s1-. 0.0407
39S 26'}.'.' r 2->br r'H>: 12 = 43 0.0lfc6 lb(
396 . 3 2-JSh mi) : l^r'.b 0.06rib 2b(
397 2/6. n 2 02i)(. T (-0 : 2 1 : bO 0.1600 37l
398 . 1 of-,ijCU<0 : lo: 00 u.002)
399 . 1 2"()t Tr-0:(.i9:2s O.OlOb
400 299.0 d «r->UC If o : 0'>: 00 /.1100 2H(
401 . 1 d /Of T*0: lo:20 0.0234 79(
402 302.0 £• r-nnf Ib(i:o6:2o 0.1100 44(
403 . 1 iijNUVMo:fM:30 0.0143 39'
404 309.0 d 04NOVM) : OW : 1 3 O.H200 241
405 . 1 1 oiiOvbO : 14 :4b 0.00/3
406 32v.P d <-4-i(jVc»o:oj: If l.o^oo \\\
4(l7 3V. 0 2 c '/MOVoO : 1 b: t>!. 0.4^00 lb(
408 . 1 o lut c nu: 14I4S o.olOb 50(
<«09 . 1 u-il>M *0 : IM : 30 u.OOefl
410 . 1 1S|>|- r MI : ] o : 30 0.00/3
411 . 1 o: 10 O.lfOO
4lb S3.<> d d.dHhH\ : 12JOH 0.6600
416 n3.o 2 H4i-'uH»l : lb:00 0.1300 38
417 . 1 i, •<:•.. i-M : 14: is 0.0234
4lb . 1 c ji-'i>i--bl : 1 4 : Ob O.Olbb
419 MV.H d. Mf fllvr 1 : d / :b4 0.2900
420 'M.O 2 o 1 A,-t-^l : i )•• 19 0.6000
421 . 1 orxiPt-M : 16: 00 O.OIrtb
422 tJ9.(i 2 o^«l-ijc' 1 : 09 : 22 0.4bOO
423 102.0 2 12A>-k»)l : i 7:4(j 0.9100
£,?4 iii^.o f> i 4M->kh 1 : 1 / : 06 u.5400
425 107.0 f. 1 7AK-B1 : ov: 1 2 0.41UO
426 . 1 <;OApkri|:i4:40 O.OObO 63
427 . 1 f /«;-"yH 1 : 14 : 3b d.Olfib
42^ 120." 2 jtiA^Hi j |: 09 : dO 0.2600
429 120.1 2 lOAK^h 1 : 23! 03 0.4400
430 121.0 2 o IMOY^I :09: 36 3.6000
431 . 1 l;.«:-i/-Ybl : 14:30 0.01Kb
432 130.0 d. 1 1^ tubl : p. :24 0.3600
433 130.1 d 1 1.1 r- ••'•** 1 : so : \~> 1.2200
434 Ml*'' * 1 li /. Y(- 1 : 02 : Ori 0.2500
435 iil.l 2 1 U • •- "•>! : 1 1 :o,- 1 .hhoo
436 111.2 2 1 P-'AY>- 1 : )9:bl 1.1400
437 1J2.0 d Ui-.tYt^ 1 : 00:47 O.bHOO
43b 13S.O d \^" ' '* 1 : 1 1 :bo 0.6400
439 . 1 1 -if.t Ybl : 1 j:4b 0.01M6
440 119.0 2 l^'-'Ait'l : 02 :b / 0.4200
441 1)9.1 d 19H/.YH1 : 13: lb 0.4200
442 149.0 d 29N:AYH I : 20 : b^ 0.6HOO
443 IS?. ii 2 o 1 jut.f. 1 : 12 : 20 0.1400
444 ISl.'l d 02 JUN*- 1 :03!bO 2.3200
445 . 1 OH,JUNri| : lb: OS 0.02MH
446 lbl.1 d 1 OJUNol : Iri: 12 U.9200
>> i A = r> IUKD i •
J SMN LKf
) 120 72'
300
) . 135(
) 225 72i
> 140 9601
295
570
) 0 45/(
) 760 126(
) 0 901
> 3H5 153(
) bO 402^
430
> 100 236^
) 100 112(
) 500 212i
,
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345 62
215
0
315 62C
.
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0
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540 117
.
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9
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j 230
500
) 730
> 440
) 2BO
330
750
1 1060
) 645
) 510 ,
) 0 (
> 250
1205
> 1490
) 560
j loao
400
430
130
•
440
785
425
335
•
265
505
•
150
•
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965
.
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9
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0
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1
-------
STATION METALS DATA
115
OHS
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
4^6
457
458
459
460
m OHS
«> 46J-
^j 462
463
464
465
466
467
46M
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
4HO
fc81
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
ST^MtjO
164.0
1 M .0
172.0
176*0
•
M3.I
1H5.0
.
f
205.0
206.0
.
215.0
STNMNU
214.0
229.0
231. 1
232.0
269ln
269.0
269.0
269.0
9
28S.O
f
299.0
^
f
309.0
322*. 0
3 12.0
3 3 7 '. 0
337.0
33 7.0
344 I 0
•
t
39.0
50*0
51.0
52.0
TYt't
2
2
t
\
2
1
2
t!
\
1
2
2
1
2
i Yt-t
2
\
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
£•
1
2
d.
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
T 1 1
13JIH.81 21:47
fdjiiNhl lb:53
21JHN81 19:b8
2?JUt;M 14:22
25J'.it;Bl 20:20
29.1'IMrfl 14: 1=,
02JULM 23:01
04 Jdl. Hi OS = 47
I3J!)L*1 13 = 40
<-O.JHl>l 14 = 35
^4juL81 U:b2
25 Ji H.81 07:24
2/Jl'l.n) 14:33
O.lo'.lC.dl |4:49
II 1
oi»;ji.80: 14:30
1 hAIJ'.MP = 02 = 49
1*01.1080 : Ot>: !<•>
l9i»iir.HO:o r: 31
(Mv-ti-fHO = 15:05
2v-t>8l = 05: .i80: 1 0 = Ot>
2S-.1-VHO: in: 08
29su'80: 13=do
OMiC'IMo: lo:io
1 KiCTHO: 15 = 39
^000180= 10=50
25001780:08 = 15
2 ?uCrMi: lo: 35
o jnijvf o = 0rt: JO
O'»i;0v/80:o8 = 27
1 ouovno : 14 = 50
1 nujvHu : ib = 4i
2 /^'0vc^0 : 16:^0
OliitCHO: 14 :3o
0^uL080= !••*:«*'.
OdutC80:20:04
02ljEti30 : 21 : l«r
0-il)tC(>0:08 : JO
O^lJtC'io: 1 u : Ob
l^ijKL8(i: 1 o:.)0
2ri.itC"(i: 1 CbO
2.-ij«|j". 1 : l'»:^u
(/••I t»81 : 10:21
!'-»• tnul : 1 j:bO
l^h t^ll :2J = 00
Cl4 tnrtl : 09! 4 /
e:^^ to.'l :0o: JO
f LO
1.7100
0 .6600
4 . 1 M) 0
0.0143
3.2300
0.004b
1 .2700
7.0700
0.0143
0.0045
0.6500
3.8500
0.06*6
0. 1200
FLO
1.4400
0.0400
0.3500
0 . 2 b 0 0
0.0061
0.0406
0. 1 1 76
0.0406
0.0121
O.D089
0.0009
2.3600
0.0018
6.2000
0.0089
0.00 "9
O.J400
0.00 18
0.9200
0.4900
0.0 15H
0. I
-------
STATION METALS DATA
116
m
U3
00
ORS SlKMMO T YMK T
1 FLO EMN SMN EFt SFE ECR SCR ECO ENI SNI CDF
495 53.1 2 23Ftnai
496 . 1 (i •-,,-< A P»i
497 . 1 23i"ivPb
49f( «9.(> 2 3 (iff. PM
499 -yi.i) 2 niAr-RH
500 95.0 2 05«PPr:l
501 1 H^apkH
502 99.0 d. OWvPKtt
503 102.0 2 12'^Ko
504 1U4.0 2 l4i»PPH1
511 120.1 2 30/«^b
512 121.0 c- nlMAYo
513 . 1 l.<.t..«Ybl
SI-* 131.1 2 lli'U.Yol
515 1)5." £• 15MOYH'
516 . 1 IMMOYHI
517 1 49. n ^ f> 'yfifi y h
518 . 1 OoJIIMol
519 161.1 ^ JIUMMhl
520 164.0 d 13JKWH
521 1 71 .11 2 ^DJ'.JNb
522 172.n ^ ^IJllNM
523 . 1 2<;jllHrt
524 176.0 f 25 JUNK
525 . 1 2vJl.'Nb
526 lH3.ii 2 u2JnLfc
S27 1 ^^* • o 2 OJJl'L^
52H lnb.O c: (IH.HILO
529 . 1 J3JUI.bl
530 . 1 2(>JilLMl
531 205.0 2 24ju|,tt
532 206.0 t 2^JHLb
533 - 1 c!/JULrtl
534 215-0 2 o'l-.oo*
09:10 1.3000 30 625 0 20
1^:15 0.0350
14 :05 0.0200
()o:l3 0.4900
13:40 0.4600
13:29 0.4HOO
16: 00 0.0200
0^:43 0.5500
Id:i3 1.0000
1 /:42 0.2200
lo:0/ 0.2100
1<4:4S 0.0200 39
?i:il 1.1000
03:32 0.2700
1*:45 0.0250
os<:35 0.2600
23:^7 0.3900
10:56 1.1600
14! 33 0.0121
11:25 2.5M10
l^:!^ 0.2400
13:45 0.0121
21=2? 0.5600
l'.:54 0.0200
1HM9 1.0500
?2:00 1.3900
I5:23 0.4100
20:22 1.2200
1 1 :20 0 .0061
20:41 3.7100
1<»:25 U.00b9 113
13:35 0.3000
04 :50 0.5100
P<::51 4.«200
13:50 o.onbi
14:35 0.003H
1^:2" O.bSOO
0':"4 3.6700
.
9
30
0
0
16
5
104
127
*
350
2HO
340
73
14:<,1 0.04b5 205 100 1005
12=00 0.2600 625 . 6600
.
,
0
0
0
0
0
3
.
.
35
0
0
0 00
0 0
'
f YMt
535
53b
53f
538
539
540
541
542
276. On
299.0(1
30^. ou
3 1 4 . 0 u
322. Ou
32^.01
32V.OJ
332. Ou
s.
>L
2
2
2
-------
STATION MFTALS DATA
117
ID
UD
OHS
543
544
545
546
547
54H
549
550
551
552
553
55b
S56
557
558
559
560
561
5b2
563
56^
56'3
566
567
568
569
57
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f>
'd
£
^
d
t
'd
d
2
d .
f>
d
d
d
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d
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d
2
d
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d
2
c
f'
f
TI
04I'>E C.MO
lM.)fc C8U
2 Jl'F CHO
0 d F E M 8 1
OHF F-'H|
llKtbbl
d UF t KB 1
d 2 F E h 8 1
30MAH61
OlAF-Hbl
1) ^ /i T' k h 1
14^-krt 1
j l Aj- (vy 1
2u t*\- H tt 1
Ol'-'ftthl
j 0 V' A Y 8 1
1 b ;•' A f H 1
1 1\ '^ /• Y 8 1
0 J Jl (Nrt 1
04 Jljhlh 1
20J1INH1
01JHLM
03JULH1
0 f J A 1 J L1 8 1
0 t A U ( ^ fj 1
1 1 ^ I ! 0 8 1
3 u 0 1 1 ( ) 8 1
31 AlKjHl
unst HH i
Ibbf.Httl
010CT81
2.VJC T81
'f'nflf. I h 1
d me. \ h i
u b^'O v ^ 1
(I 1'jt L-^l
1
: 12
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i ' '
; | ?
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: 15i
:n
:U9
: | ^
: 16
: 10
:ob
: u
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" I *3
: U
• f 0
• ^0
• 1 7
:00
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: ib
: lu
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STATION METALS DATA
118
O
O
OHS
585
586
567
588
589
540
591
5*2
5*3
594
595
596
597
59fl
599
600
601
602
603
bO*»
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
61ft
617
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620
621
622
t>23
624
625
626
627
t>r?H
629
630
631
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292. 1
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299. 1
322.0
329.0
344.0
33.0
39.0
50.0
51.0
53.0
75.0
91.0
95.0
99.0
101.0
104.0
121.0
130.0
131.0
1 .J8.0
1 39 . 0
1 4 / . 0
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144.0
1'jO.O
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154.0
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156.0
160.0
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1 H 3 . 0
184.0
205.0
209. 1
219.0
223.0
227.0
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299.0
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160
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STATION METALS DATA
119
m
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o
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6.32
633
634
635
636
t) 3 7
638
639
640
641
642
643
645
64ti
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
6S7
658
659
660
661
662
664
66S
666
667
668
669
h70
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
67H
679
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277.00
277.00
277.00
277.00
292.00
292.00
292.00
29?. 00
292.00
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292.00
292.00
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72.00
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0.00100
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120
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680
681
682
683
684
63S
686
687
688
689
690
691
69?
693
69^»
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696
697
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1 699
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O 701
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703
704
70b
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
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71b
716
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718
720
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7?3
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72-S
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730
731
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0.12
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0.84
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-------
S1AT10N METALS DATA
m
m
O
CO
DBS
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
74H
749
750
751
75?.
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
7M
76?
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
77?
773
774
775
776
777
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1 02.D
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102.0
102.0
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122
I
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o
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778
779
7PO
781
782
783
7(1**
785
786
787
789
790
791
79^
793
794
79b
79h
797
79b
799
800
801
802
803
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807
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818
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820
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: i i
!02
: TO
: 4^
:05
; b 0
;30
: 10
106
: ^o
i'l7
: 4 7
:30
* 30
:00
:00
: ^(}
• e^^>
' \ 9
; 38
; fly
; 1 /
• ?0
:00
I 0 ^
:30
iP'J
• IS
• ^)9
• 15
: 17
• 31
: bo
: b i
• 40
•31
• So
:30
:00
; js*
: Jb
I '36>
! ()V>
; f.L,
!00
!?3
• i>f,
'• 4b
I bO
F
1 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
II.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1 .
0 .
0 .
0 .
0.
0 .
(J .
0 .
0 .
0.
0.
?:
0.
0.
0.
10
«bfl
OOb
OOb
OOb
OOb
OOb
005
010
010
010
2^0
010
0 10
010
OOb
005
005
005
^4 y 0
ft w{]
720
100
010
0^0
130
010
100
270
OOb
250
3ti 0
0 c* 0
010
010
1 JO
OrtO
005
?JO
020
IrtO
0/0
005
ObO
1-0
4 £?0
DOS
£So
070
OOb
?20
tMN
0
-------
STATION METALS OATA
133
o
in
QMS
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
846
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
859
660
861
a"
8t>3
tif)4*
865
866
B^> 7
86b
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
ttt
678
879
ST-v-'IMU
1 IT)
i n
17^
1*3
185
201
209
21*
220
^
?W
£^H
274
291
296
310
m
t
^
9
3Jb
?t>?.o
^^^•U
?oif * u
iet>b.U
S • 0
2 v) '<* • 0
292.0
292.0
292.0
292.0
332.0
344.0
358.0
21.0
33.0
39.0
42.0
50.0
1 YPh
<-
'{
fj
2
f>
^
\
2
'^
1
1
^
^
1
f
1
^
d
1
^
1
1
1
1
1
TYPL
2
2
2
2
^*
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
T 1 1
13JMNM1 :23:20
2(uti'j8 : 01 : 06
25 Ji "''8 : 1 ^ : 4ti
H2JIILH '• 1 3:09
(lt4jli|_H : 0 ci • 0 4
20 JHLt : 1 8 : 27
2 / Jl 'L8 : 0"^ : 50
2f Jt IL 8 1 : 12: b5
OhuiM.81 : 12 = 37
(»t\Aii(>Bi:Ol:()2
1 o AI K.H 1:11: 55
24Atu,il : 12:50
30.MK.81 :OH: 12
08St Pol : 15:44
15StK81 : 1 7:27
21StP81 : 12:25
010CT81 :21 :57
iibOCIH : 1 1 :4b
!^i-'C18 :12:15
HI)(_ }t^ :!7:b7
23(K T81 : 10:52
2biiCTbi:i/:il
02N(W8 j : 10: 15
09NOV81 ! loi 10
16NOVB1 : 10 : 10
23NOV8 1 : 09: 35
30NUVH1 : U9:btl
01 Oh c 8] : lu:?2
o 7Ut CHI : 10: ID
TI 1
1PSFP80:03:00
1 85LPBO • 06 ! 25
IbSEPdO: 10:30
21 StPOO : 19 : 53
21SfP90:?l :04
1HOCT80:20: 10
lt^c)CTyO:22:o2
19UCTyo:01 :34
190CT80:06:05
190CTdO: 12:37
27NOV80: 16:34
09DEC80! 12:34
230EC80:09t40
21JAN81 :04!33
02FE.B81 :06:46
U8FtHdl : 10:59
1 1FLH81 :04:52
19FEH81 : 22: 37
FLO
0.300
0.190
0.190
O.HOO
1 . 700
0.9bO
O.OOb
0.270
0.240
0. 180
0.000
0.000
O.S10
0. 140
0.350
0.005
0.150
0.005
O.OUb
0.210
0.260
0.350
0.005
0.140
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.190
0.005
FLO
0.11
0.07
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.24
0.17
0.05
0.02
0.00
0.15
0.07
0.17
0.02
1.21
6.15
0.18
O.OB
EMN
*
^
.
^
^
175
230
*
85
%
130
65
.
m
m
50
•
—
*
m
4
9
EMN
105
0
.
SMN
9
EFE
1060
2000
•
950
2225
775
265
STA=51UR17
SMN EFE
0
0
35
0
0
0
25
45
105
20
0
25
SFE
57
60
27
10
SFE
ECR
SCR
•
•
•
0
•
•
0
•
•
•
0
•
•
0
•
6
ECO
ENI
SNI
CDF
ECR
23!
6
100
70
0
50
6
65
60
265 C
0
> 135 0
105
SCR
0
0
0
0
0
ECO
ENI
70
•
0
SNI
0
0
30
n
o
0
0
0
CDF
-------
STATION METALS DATA
124
OHS
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
S94
845
89h
897
89H
899
900
901
Q(I2
90 J
904
90b
QOb
907
908
909
910
91 1
912
913
9)5
91h
9)7
9)M
919
920
9P 1
ViJ2
ST^MNO TYPE
53.0 2
75.0 2
H9.0 2
95.0 2
99.0 2
102.0 2
104.0 2
107.0 2
113.0 2
l?n.o 2
121.0 2
131.0 2
131.0 2
13S.O 2
13^.1 2
13H.O 2
139.0 2
lu^.O 2 <
1S2 . 0 2
161.0 2
17UO 2
17*.fl 2
1*4.0 2
2(12.0 2
20-1.0 2
207.0 2
21b.O 2 (
21«.0 2
223.0 2
242.0 2
24 3.0 2
?bl.U 2
2 '3 ft . 0 2
2 ^ 0 » 0 d
270.0 2
27^.0 d
296.0 2 (
29H.O d
?. V 9 . li 2
JO 9 . Ij £
3 . ) *} • 0 2
JJ^.O 2
Til
?3f tH8l : l l :45
bMAWHl M3:25
30HA^bl : 07 :43
J^A^KM) : 1 7:35
j^Af'h'ol M 1 : 34
I2AMRH1 M9:b4
[4APWH1 M 7:59
17APK81 M0:59
•> JA^PHl :20:42
JOAt'Krtl MO : 36
iiMAYtfl ilbilb
1MAYHI M2:29
bMAY^l : 12 M 2
MMA vH 1 M 2 : 0 1
v.'.YBl M-> : 1 4
•'^MAY^I :obM9
j UiiN^l M3Mb
(1 JDMM 1:04: 2b
JiJi.^Hl Mb: 42
JOj()t;:Jl =00 :06
•"^ HjhitHl :2o«21
J "OnLcJ 1 :ob!bu
f-i JUL8I MS: 3o
r-4jMLd) Mb: 02
1 jAi/GBl Mb: 23
JhAllG^l M3:40
lA.iGMl :20M4
jOA|i(.Ml :09Mrl
U AI.IOHI M 1 :b7
)wsfwf-rtiiitiin?
ib^t^'il : 17:b2
1 7c'tKdl • ^* 0 • *f V
^vstpfil M9:21
Jh'iCTnl M 1 500
^JOCTH] : i^: if.
r^PCT'Jl 'dO'- 3J
:V(. T^l i\d- ."1J
}-iN(jvol :21 : 0}
UlPtt-fl : 1 1 :0t>
>i\.'t t^ 1 : 1ft :52
FLU EM
0.25
0.08
0.17
0.36
0.24
0.11
0.08
(1.07
0.32
0.06
0.16
0.17
0.20
O.b4
0.11
O.Ob
O.Ob
O.lb
0.22
0.16
0.08
o .<;b'
0.41
0.07
0.19
0.31
0.12
0.23
0.01
0.34
0.24
0.33
0.11
0.21
0.12
0.17
0.10
0.1J
O.UD
0.17
0.^5
0.12
0.09
SMN
0
30
0
0
0
0
EF't
SFE
0
0
0
0
395
0
ECR
SCR
ECO
ENI
SNI
cor
10
155
4
-------
STATION METALS OATA
OHS
923
92b
926
927
92H
929
930
OHS
9^2
9^,3
93S
936
937
93H
939
940
94 1
942
943
^4 **
. 9tb
946
947
94H
949
95 0
9bl
^53
95b
956
9S7
95H
9S9
960
961
962
963
96S
STHHNU
39.0
54 . 0
121.0
13't.O
IS'. .0
Ib f .0
2bb.o
bl .U
bl.l
S 1 . 0
63.0
75.0
H9.0
9b . 0
99. u
101 .0
103.0
113.0
121.0
1 30.0
1 3S . 0
1 .1^ . 0
!<"->. o
ISO. 0
1 *S4 • 0
l'f\.o
1 76. U
1 O"* . 0
20?. o
20^.0
209.0
21^.0
2 s 0 . 0 •
22 i. i)
227.1'
2<*2.0
26b'!o
2'»\ .0
2 ^fi . 0
29h.O
310.0
•[YMt
2
2
2
2
2
c.
2
TYPK
2
2
2
2
^
2
2
2
^
2
^
^
2
f
2
^
2
r*
i:
r'
2
£•
f.
S
^
2
2
f>
^
tt
2
T
ObF F nH
23Ffcr-H
r, i"/> YM
l«>M«rn
ii3jurj«
OhJIIiSB
1 ^St H ^*
2o(K. If-
T
2 OF Krt;
20F t rti
22F I hn
0-4«Af rt
1 oi'' f-"' hi
ji);. uh'ii
() V M-K^
| 1 rt f't*^
1 30rrU!
2 3 f» H K ^
(i I'sdrb
1 OhA fr>
Iby^tf)
1 C4 M A T h
2^.vl<>rb
JOMATM
1 JJUhb
231 Jl "^^
02JIPL1
^ 1 J| 'L H
d** J' !L ^
2.-:Ji'Lo
ll'^'-liu^1
U O a 1 : 1 > «
1 1 i>IH.H
1 "D ** 1 <(?'•
JUMlbH
1SSF>H
2^St i-'H
1HOC. Tb
23I.H.1B
2M1CT4
n6WWH
1
1 3:'^b
09 = 27
1 ^ ; (i 4
1 •} : r>b
23 : kS
01 :l 1
1 7:25
21:10
1
: 0 0 : 0 7
: IS: 07
: 16 = 40
: 23 = 00
: K : 1 M
= 19:20
: 1^:09
: 1 1 :34
: lo:S7
:0
K SF
(
I
1
1
f
1
E EC
ro
>o
•
>0 1
c
E EC
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
5
« SCF.
0
0
•
6
) 0
:R SCF.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
25
EC
i
c
r EC
>
•
0 Ef
i
) (
:u Eh
n si*
(
i
4
4
1 (
) (
JI Sf
(
1
C
c
(
1
(
U CC
)
1
) '.
) (
JI Cl
)
)
)
)
)
(
3
.
)F
I
JF
3
1
3
3
I
1
3
3
3
3
-------
STATION METALS DATA
126
DBS ST^'NO IvPt
96b 23
^ 2
Til FLO EMN SMN tFE SFE ECR SCR ECO ENI SNI
[Lj^J. pb|
967 265 2 22ShPbl
968 2?4 2
(': 10C1 HI
969 2?9 2 ChOCTbl
970 291 <•
971 2^
s 2
18dClbl
230CIbl
972 29K 2 2SOC1B1
973 299 c 2tiO(, Tbl
974 309 2
975 33s 2
976 4 2
m
i
00
OBS STKMI-JU FYPt
977 1
97H
979
980
981 29l
982
983
984
985
986
987
1
1
1
i 2
1
1
1
1
1
(lbK'OVb 1
()'« JANH2
17:41 4.11 90 0 1240 0 0 0 0 25 0
19:oo 15. bb
It: 13 11.25
lh:sb 15.18
lf»:|5 2.2"^
09:49 3.7b
14:54 o.w*
12:12 9.63 R5 3 19
21:04 'f.^H
10=24 i.^o
15:(i6 ii. SI 20
4 29 0 6 0
. . .
00,
14 . 25
Til FLO tMN SMN tFt SFE ECK SCH ECO ENI SNI
21SKHH1 09:20 0.035 40 140 0.00
(^b Sh Htt 1
(j *-)(>(' f ri 1
) ^dCTH 1
c'»UC 1 Ol
0 ^ N 0 \f t^. 1
1"
i^ J N 0 V fl 1
3 n h*( ' V ^ 1
O/DEO 1
0«:36 0.029
OH : 55 () . 0 2b
09: 15 0.014
16:33 0.420
I)tt:b5 0.019
08:35 0.035
Of. : 35 0.023
O^JJO 0.023
on:'»5 n.f>14
On: 55 0.011
• • •
ooo-
•
105 0 Z
o
^
.
^
0
0
CDF
0
6
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
CDF
95
-------
APPENDIX F
RAW DATA LISTINGS
ATMOSPHERIC SOURCE STUDIES
-------
V't IFALL STA1 ION DATA
0 T
S
1 05JAN81
2 OPJAN81
3 16JAN81
4 22J«NHl
5 03Ff.H81
6 09FEH81
7 12FtHHl
H 24FtB81
9 25MAh»81
10 02APHH1
11 10APW81
12 15APK8)
13 22APKB1
14 30APK8I
15 06MAY81
' 16 13MAY81
17 20MAY61
}b 2BMAY81
9 04JUN8I
20 12JUN81
21 19JUNH1
22 25JHNPJ
21 OlJtlLPl
24 OHJULt1!
25 15JULP]
26 21JUL6)
27 06AUbt'l
28 14AUC>M
29 2bAIJfi81
30 035tP^l
31 10SEH81
32 21SEP81
33 OIOCTHI
34 020CI81
35 140CT8J
36 200CT81
37 04NOV81
38 25NOVH1
39 10DEC61
40 30DECH1
T
2
12:50 Od.lAMMl
12:45 1 fi J ft M r |
1 1 :"5 tVJAMM
13:30 OULiiM
13:3f' O^re.^f'l
12:00 12Ftnn|
13:50 24FfMHl
13:40 09»'flt-M
1 1 : 55 u^'iP*'4 1
1 '• : 20 1 UftPHr' 1
13:45 IbAt^Mul
09:45 ^c'uPWol
09:20 3'vlAPhrl
12:55 Oo'iuroi
12 : 35 1 3">A r n 1
D 9 : JO f 1 1 <•'• A v n 1
13:45 2hi-'«rhl
12:50 (KJUNMl
14:35 l^JUNhl
15:50 19J(lNrtj
10:55 25JUNt- 1
13:00 02.Hil.Pl
11 : oo oo IULK )
13:20 15.H'LM
ov:.jn 23.;'iLfl
1 3 :-»S ?v H.JI t1 T
1 1 :35 iH.'.UL-r 1
1 1 : 3S l ~>i>nhn 1
12:20 (i.)St^ ^ 1
13:21 1 Obt-.^'il
09: 30 1 t^t PM 1
12:55 24bt^«l
10:55 02('CfM
13:11 Cmj( fi 1
12:00 2ooc T * 1
13:?0 <->3UClM
10:50 otoiovf. i
12:15 0 <»t (> 1
13:30 1 6i)f 0. 1
09:35 0«.JA^2
t. S t S K S E. S f
(• * 1 / L C t* M 1
t- x IM N il II N N 1
| (• •. 4 S
11' 'I "3 .. . .
13:j(i 0.200 .2(1. . .
1 *:.)U u . /() . 43 . i) . (
l^:uli 00 30 25 50 000 (
1 t:5d u 0 2S (j 00 0 0 (
lj:4(j ii u (i i) o ii 2^ ?5 (
l^:sn li (j 0 . 0 . 0 (
1 4 : ,_' o .11 . u . (i .20
13:45 . . .
ir»:4o o 0 1 1 0 0 '(U 0 . 0
09:2(1 .0 . ^5 .0 .JO
1 2 : ~>^> 0 0 25 25 o 0 . .
12:35 00 8080 00 .
09: JO .0 .20 0 0 . .
t:50 00 20 . ijO . .
I4:.ib 0 0 20 20 u 0 . .
15:5U 00 353b 00 . .
10:55 0 0 50 . 0 . . .
13:00 (i 2020 0-0 . .
1 1 : 0 0 0 5 0 5 U 00 . .
09 : JO (i 0 O 00 . .
1 j : 4 -p (i (j . 00 . .
l^:4ii o , o () 01' • .
1 1 : 35 o U u () u 0 0 II
13:21 d 0 (i . u n . .
l(i:5u 00 0 . uo . .
14:,"? U 0 30 HI (i 0 o 0 15
lj:ll uO 40 • 00 . .
12:ib 00 /•'020 un . .
13:20 n 0 /O 2*1 u (' . •
)o:bS u 0 15 i-5 u (i 0 o
1 1 : l) •> . 0 . '-« t> . .
I >. : lib 1 1 o u 0
1 3 : 1 / u ii 0 0 n (i (i o f
sr* =
<
t
t
i
) t
) (
) (
) i
(
10^
14
1 (
= 5
> E
(
. ^
i
) (
) (
) i
i (
)
>
; (
WFOl
H
P L
EC N
.StSLSCL OC T N 0 T f
;CCCNNIP MO K H 2 T S 0 t
< U I) U I I P H DO N 3 3 P P P f
, -.
•j fj
i I 61 6 II 4l3 35 frl2 Ol39 Ol21 ol21 oloO olflO oloo
) 0 00 0 0 . 5.5 40 8.6 0.70 0.25 0.61 O.Ob 0.07 0.00
) 0 00 0 0 . 4.2 45 3.3 1.64 0.15 0.19 . 0.04 0.04
10 00 . 0 . 4.5 35 4.0 0.32 0.18 0.32 0.01 0.01 0.01
10 00 . 0 . 4.1 35 24.0 0.77 0.53 0.72 0.02 0.02 0.01
0 .0 . 0 . 4.0 35 4.0 0.25 0.20 0.72 0.04 0.04 0.01
* * ^ 0 1 0 • * • • • • •
0.0.0. 3.7 75 12.0 . 0.55 0.82 . . 0.01
0 .0 . 0 . 3.8 30 24.0 1.66 0.47 1.61 0.13 0.03 0.01
. . . . . . 4.0 5 20.0 1.26 0.55 0.70 O.Ob 0.03 0.00 «
. . . . . . 3.6 75 15.2 0.95 0.69 1.43 0.03 0.03 0.00
. , . . . . 3.8 50 19. ti 0.42 0.26 0.74 0.03 0.03 0.00
. . . . . . 3.8 45 .......
3.b 90 8.1 0.50 0.25 2.08 0.03 0.02 0.00
. . . . . . 4.2 50 6.0 1.03 0.29 0.60 0.03 0.00 0.00
. . . . . . 4.3 20 16.1 0.22 0.07 0.36 0.03 0.02 0.00
. . . . . . 3.8 . 22.2 0.34 0.09 0.75 0.01 0.01 0.00
. . . . . . 3.9 50 20.2 0.38 0.16 0.61 0.02 O.Ol 0.01
40 50 17.7 0.70 0.33 0.62 0.03 0.01 0.01
<,.! 30 0.7 0.28 0.11 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 e
3.7 75 . 0.93 0.31 0.5<5 0.05 0.0? 0.00 1
4.0 Do 25.5 O.H4 0.37 0.53 0.04 0.04 0.00 (
3.8 50 6.8 0.37 0.17 0.44 0.01 0.01 0.01 '
0 00 0 0 . 3.9 75 9.9 0.63 0.31 0.64 0.02 0.01 0.01
. . . . . . 3.5 270 19.9 0.75 0.22 1.53 0.02 0.01 0.01
. . . . . . 4.0 50 6.2 0.46 0.14 0.36 0.01 0.01 0.00
3.7 110 33.1 0.94 0.5B 1.05 0.06 0.05 0.01
. . . . . . 4.1 40 5.9 0.36 0.20 0.50 0.03 0.01 0.00
000 0 0 . 3.4 105 25.4 1.07 0.80 0.79 0.02 . 0.01
3.7 j 05 16.2 0.91 0.63 0.49 0.04 0.03 0.00
. . . . . . 4.7 50 22.5 0.39 0.09 0.32 0.01 0.01 0.00
. . . . . . 3.b 100 14.9 1.01 0.66 0.50 0.07 0.06 0.05
0 0 0 ?i> 25 . 4.2 55 2.6 0.37 0.12 0.20 0.06 0.05 0.03
0.0... 4.6 30 . 0.42 0.23 0.34 0.08 O.Ob 0.08
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42 12FLB81:
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48 06APR81 :
49 10APR81 :
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51 30APR81:
52 06MAYH1 :
53 14MAYHJ :
54 21MAYH1:
55 29MAYH1:
56 05JUN81:
57 12JUN81:
58 18JIIN81:
59 01JUL81:
60 17JUI.81:
61 23JULfll :
62 30JUI.81 :
64 !4AUfi8i:
65 26AUOH1 ;
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120 09StPHI
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12J 200CTH1
124 O^NOVfti
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flHYKALL STATION DATA
127
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OBS Til 11^ 1U1S CO!) M-i3 TKN NU23 OH TP EPH EZN tCU EMr
1 1 ODtC80:09: 3t> 1 fiit (.f 1.1 : 0<* : ab . 200.0 ? . t". ^.03 b.9b 0.08 0.39 0 474 0
2 1 7Df ( 80 : 09!5'5 22nt: i 80 : 1 2 •• 35 ?H? MI'.O 1.1" 8.37 >*.s'£1 : 12:^2 O'-tjMjrtl : 1^:46 3o« l<>b.o 1.03 3.'*0 3.63 O.Ob O.lb 0 316 158
4 nfijANPI ! |P!/.5 lhj/.l.,81 : IT : Ob 9?^ JM.O 1.03 4.9H b./7 0.00 0.32 869 869 237
5 16JAhS 1 : 1 1 :0b' «?i>jArj« 1 s 1 3: 10 b'j? J-6A.O ^-.05 5.69 6.b7 O.OH 0.63 0 2?91 237
6 22JAN81 ! 13:30 0 }F t .<« 1 : 1 3! 3u 12^0 40/.0 3.40 8.37 b.(,(> I.** . 1106 869 b'b"3 63,
7 03FEH81 : 13:30 09F thH | : I i : 00 569 197.0 O.rt7 2. S3 2.^2 O.Q6 0.71 0 513 395 19"
fl 09FEH81 s 12:00 12F bHHl : 1 .l:iO b3 8s. 3 1.50 b.77 6.^3 0.24 0.71 0 474 0 Ibf
9 12FKH81 : 13:50 2<.F EPm : 13:40 345 P21.0 ^.85 13.27 7.35 . 0.79 0 671 0
10 24FEH81 : 1.3S40 09MAu'-Jl : 1 2 : bo 2820 1110. n 1.11 16.90 12.01 O.OH 2.21 94& 987 15M 75(
11 09MAPH] ! 1 2:50 ?5>.0 4.11 18.70 1.82 0.95 1.11 0 390 0
23 25JUNR1 : 13:00 02JHI.81 : 1 1 Miu 474 435.0 3.40 19.20 2.61 0.55 1.58 0 950 0
24 01JUL81 : 1 1 :00 08JHI. HI : 13:2(1 <.u2 29-^.0 5.29 ^7./3 2.76 2.53 3.71 0 671 0
25 08JUL81 : 13:20 1SJLJL81 :()9! JO 900 20-*. I) 0.16 6.00 4.50 0.00 0.6J 0 158 0
26 15JUL81 109:30 23JULM 1 : 1 j: 4-, 2H4 227.0 0.63 2.21 3.40 0.08 0.55 0 750 0
27 23JUL81 : 1 3:45 29JULt)l : 12:'»0 2bl 107.0 0.71 0.9b 2.53 0.08 0.16 0 434 0
28 293ML81 : 12:40 u6Aih^ 1 : 1 1 : Jb 727 251.0 0.32 2.21 3.79 0.08 0.55 0 395 0 19
29 06A(i(,ai : 1 1 :35 |4AHOdl : 1 1 : JS 7^7 u09.0 14. S3 63.32 2.05 5.13 7.11 0 671 0
30 14AUG81 : 1 1 :35 ISftlM.iHl : l.r. 15 758 274.0 8.14 70.77 2.05 7.0J 8.45 0 316 0
31 19AUG81 : 13: 15 26iH.I(,H 1 : 1 2 : 2U 190 167.0 0.63 4.58 2.84 0.16 0.55 0 513 0
32 26AUOP1 : 12:?0 l.nsKi'rt 1 : 1 i : S 1 600 HH.5 0.79 4.82 2.21 0.00 0.55 0 434 Q
33 03StP81 : 13:21 KlSe.HHl :09: 30 14? 116.0 0.47 3.40 2.53 0.00 1.03 0 197 0
34 10StP81 :09:30 1 7SKkb) : lo:5U 1500 ?050.0 0.3? 5.45 7.8? 0.00 0.93 0 395 0 79
35 17St.P8J : 10:50 21bt.HH| : 1 2 : D5 :i?9 143.0 1.58 5.37 4.90 0.00 0.47 0 316 0
36 215I-H81 : 1?:55 ?4SH-tU ! |M!2d 174 . ?.J7 7.50 1.26 0.00 0.55 0 316 0 15
37 24SEP81 : 14:28 (J 10CT8 1 : 1 (' : 5S r-b3 175.0 0.71 3.55 2.61 0.08 0.55 0 316 0
3b OlnCTei : 10:55 07.Ul.Tai : 1 3: 1 1 J 1 1JJ.O l.llj 6.32 1.26 0.08 0.<-7 0 237 0
39 020CT81 : 13! 1 1 'HOC To 1 = 1 ^ = 15 379 ?b4.() O.b7 16.19 l.»2 0.16 1.34
40 OPOCTP 1 : 1?: 15 1 Mil, 1 H 1 : 1 ^ : ou .<16 Vo.o !).7v 2.05 2.53 O.U3 0.32 0 316 0
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53 30DEC81 :09:35 OMJ/.IJH^ : 1 3 : 1 / . 238.0 1.97 5.61 3.32 0.00 0.32 1185 948 355 59
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UP.YFALL STATION DATA
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55 12FFM81
56 24Ff-:hai
57 09MAH81
5b 17MAK81
59 26MAPM1
60 01APKU1
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64 15Apk«l
65 30APK*1
66 06MAYH1
67 l4MAYdl
68 21MAYB1
69 29MAYB1
70 ObJIJNHl
71 12JHN81
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73 26JMN8I
74 01JMLH1
75 08JUI.81
76 17JUL81
77 23JUL81
78 30JUL8I
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82 26A|l(iHl
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86 21SEPB1
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90 07(>CT81
91 160CTB1
92 200CT81
93 280CTBI
94 OfcNHv/Hl
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96 I3NO*/81
97 19NIH/8I
98 25MOV8I
99 031JEC81
100 lOOt CM 1
101 16UF.C81
10? 2.3HH..WI
ri-
ii) ID? ii?FFt«Hi
12:40 2*t-Hidl
1 3 : 15 liVNArhl
Ii:i5 ittifii-dl
14:40 26i"AKHi
13:15 01AHW81
14: 15 uY/.Pnal
IDIIO ObAPkH]
lli:05 IOAPKHI
in:40 15APKM1
1 1 =55 3U/-PHM1
l'j:i>5 ur-^Arttl
11 = 16 1<»MA1M
lu:i:u 2H-AY61
11 MS ^->MAI-<|
1 (I : lb (Jb.Ml^l
l?:bO Ir'Ji.ltiHl
IPIB IfJtmtil
lo: IS ?'jj'iN«l
l^:t/0 OIJ'JLol
1^:30 driJULttl
1'. :?0 1 /JUL^l
10:40 23JULH1
I?:u5 30JHLH1
1 1 :20 C?>AUi.iHl
10:00 l^i'U(,81
ID .'I'D l^AUi'il
lo:'»5 ^D/M/I il
(H:35 O^SLt-rtl
Ji:i5 OVSh>41
li:50 1/^ttfil
n:5() dl^JHl
l^Mib r'bbe.HHJ
UV:U5 UH.'CTIl
1^:JO dc!i.>CIHI
O'JtO/ (J/uClll
09:<.0 IMiClHl
13:<*0 2UCiCl»l
1S!JS ^HuCIHl
1 1! '• 3B 0<«f!<)vHl
1 1 :t,o owiOvH i
I.I! 20 r»l,Ov«i
oy:^b i^i'iOi/o I
lllOb ^SNOVdl
IPlbb 03L)KCM1
13'- 15 loiiKfMl
13:35 iMJtCyl
1^:30 ^.UikLHl
u:oo 3o(/L(.Mi
^
(
t
^IA = MUI-I)<:
TOTS COD WH3 TKN N0?3 OP TP tPB E?N ECU EM^
?:<»0 1?6 26.1 l.lfl 2.92 2.76 0.00 0.16 0 <.7A 0 (
JM5 ?OS ISfr.O 6.00 8.69 b.71 0.08 0.32 0 869 0
1:15 <«bO J40.0 J..V 7.3S S.Mb O.OH D.uJ o 790 0 <»7*
'•^U h3 126.0 l.bO 2.37 2.^.5 0.16 0.39 869 197 0 (
j:i5 300 r'37.0 I.a2 6.08 3.00 0.16 0.71 0 237 0 (
3 54.5 2.05 5.61 3.08 0.32 0.4? 0 513 0 23
!:<•() 126 B'i.9 1.30 2.13 1.82 0.2<* 0.24 0 395 0
11:^0 ^J 7^.^ l.t-t- 1.^7 l.lb 0.00 0.68 0 237 0
j8 :<.<=, l^^ '3-..U l.ir'fe 1.97 l.bO O.OH 0.24 0 Q
l!(Jb • 9-3 31. h l.bM 2.1J 2.13 0.00 0.16 0 0
2:^5 23? 61. b 2.84 b.4E. 3.79 0.00 0.24 0 316
J!15 d4-i ')0.b l.bC 2.0". 2.13 0.00 0.2<» 669 158
Jtjb 743 h7.\ 3.00 3.63 1.74 0.08 O.lb 0 237
u!3n 4bM 9<».pi 1 ,bb 4. 'a! 3.40 0.00 O.Ob 0 1027
t,:<\C\ 47 31.^ 2.69 S.06 3.^0 0.08 0.16 0 474
1!45 4? L.7.4 1.11 4.bB 0.9b 0.24 0.3? 0 237
4 EFI
) 79
»
» 292
) 2521
) 462
) 252(
) (
) 1581
387
96
'. ECI
)
•
3
3
1
3 19
)
) (
* EC
3
•
3
3
)
'
3
3
15
5 EN
3 (
•
3
3 15(
3 151
3 23
) 27(
3 27(
1 PBf
)
»
»
1
i
r
i
3
13
11
10
14
-------
ALL STATION DATA
139
OHS Til Tic
103 22APK81 : 13:00 30APK81
104 30APK81 : 10:50 06MAV8I
105 06MAY61 :l I :JU )4I.;AY8J
106 14MAY81:J]:00 21H4181
107 21MAY81 : 1 1 :00 29K«Y81
108 39MMBI : 10 = 07 ObJilNHJ
109 05 JUN8 1:12:40 1 1! JUIM8 1
110 12JUN81 : 1 1 :i)5 lnjllh8l
111 18 JIINS1 : 10:25 25JUN81
112 25JUN81 :09:45 02JULbl
M3 01JUL8 1:14:30 ObJiJLbl
4 16JUL81 : lo: 18 2JJULol
115 23JUL81 : 12:25 30JHLH1
116 30JML81 : 1 1 :40 06AU081
U7 06ADGP1 :09:45 14/'U(-H1
8 14Atlbr)l :09:r:0 19£uub]
119 19flU'.81 : 1 1 :00 26«Un|
126 30SEP81 : 1 1 :30 02UC181
137 020CT8I :09:oo u7oCM|
128 07UCTH1 : lo:00 16UC181
129 16UCT81 : 13:30 20OCIM1
130 200CT8I : 15:30 2n('CIHl
131 280CT81 : 12: 15 04hOv*l
133 04K.QV81 : 1 1 :25 06M)v81
133 06MOV81 : 13:25 13MOVr)
134 13NOV81: 0»:30 19MUV81
135 19NOV8i:il : 15 23r,'OVHl
136 25NOV81 : 12!45 03l.iLC81
137 03UFCKi:i3:2S 10L.tl.bl
138 10DEC81 : 13:45 160F.I.H1
139 16HEC81 : 14:20 23IJU..H1
140 23DFC81 : 13:40 3oDhi_M|
OHS Til Tl/
141 11JUNH1 13:40 Irijitfibl
142 18JUN81 11:53 25JUiv>fcM
143 25JUN81 09:55 o2.HlLfc?l
144 02JUL81 10:35 OMJUI.81
145 08JUL81 12:20 IfjJULlI
146 16JML81 10:10 23JHLdl
147 23JIJI.81 11:50 29JUL81
148 29JDL81 11:50 Ob«IJi,Wl
149 ObAUGB) 13:10 13AUl,Hl
150 13AUG81 10:10 19AlK,bl
TOTS (
10:50 900.0 c
11:30 434.0 '
11:00 P4S.O ••
11:00 743.0 l
10:07 513.0 1
1^:40 245.0 ?
11:05 3H7.0 i
10:25 142.0 '•
09:4S ?C4.0
14:30 474.0
1«:35 47.3
12:25 126.0
11:40 79.0
Ov:45 331.0
09:20 332. 0
li:oo 221 .0
0-^:10 964 .0
11:05 2733.0
lj:-5 ^21.0
1 1 :4C 5.17.0
12:00
0 9 : 1 2 506.0
11:30 .')4H .0
0 9 : 0 0 79.0
10:00 221.0
13:30 49o.o ;
15:30 300.0
12:15 4^7.0 ;
li:2S 3on.o
13:25 221.0
Od:30 158.0
1 1 : 1 5 1 1 1 . r,
12:45 363.0
13:25
13:45 403.0
l4:?(, 2b4.o
13=40 95.0
12:00 213.0
' TOTS
1 1 :S3 4 7.'.
09:55 63.0
0:35 300.0
2:20 15. H
OMO 142.0
1 :5o 32.0
1:50 15. b
3MO 374.0
10:10 1122.0
lo:3b 506.0
b>l fl = bllJf OJ
:OU NH3 TKN N023 OP TP EPB E7N ECU EMS
>71.0 1.42 30.88 5.21 0.00 4.03 . . 0
H2.0 1.58 11.14 2.92 0.00 1.11 . . 0
06.0 J.OO 12. bO 1.90 0.08 0.87 . .0
>22.0 1.49 46.05 4.34 5.85 7.90 . . 0
J96.0 3.40 20.60 3.40 0.95 2.37 0 553 0
>22.0 3.87 7.98 0.95 0.00 0.24 0 1027 0
JH:>.0 4.03 4.27 0.95 0.00 0.47 0 590 0
• 4t;.0 1.18 3.00 2.21 0.00 0.32 0 470 0
64.0 0.79 3.40 1.58 0.00 0.39 0 390 0
5d.O 0.79 3.95 2.45 0.08 0.63 0 790 0
73.5 2.21 4.96 1.18 O.Ob 0.24 0 355 0
56.0 2.^9 15.64 1.18 1.58 2.05 0 474 0
15.0 1.H2 2.76 0.79 O.OH 0.24 0 632 0
39.0 0.55 1.26 0.79 0.16 0.16 0 00.
lb.0 2.61 5.45 1.11 0.00 0.24 0 632 0
*-0.0 l.fh 7.90 1.11 0.95 1.97 0 276 0
9U.fi 0.16 3.95 4.58 0.00 0.95 0 513 0
1.03 9.32 4.03 0.00 1.66 0 513 0
7o.O l.lb 5.21 4.03 0.08 0.63 0 829 0
79.0 3.16 10. 9* 3.63 0.24 0.95 0 790 0
2n.O 1.42 4.34 0.9S 0.00 0.33 0 337 0 15
94.0 5.37 7.66 5.06 0.00 0.34 0 395 0
<<1.4 O.S5 0.9b 1.26 0.00 0.16 0 395 0
73.5 0.^7 5.77 1.26 0.08 0.24 0 1422 0
52.1 0.39 3.55 0.95 0.00 0.24
J??.0 1.42 2.84 3.3? 0.00 0.39 0 1501 158
Ms/. 3 0.74 3.87 1.11 0.08 0.16 0 434 0
?33.0 3.32 9.48 4.98 0.39 0.79 869 790 0 15
30.0 1.42 2.9? 1.82 0.16 0.16 0 434 0
32.4 l.ll 4.50 0.67 0.08 0.16 0 237
7^-7 . 1.50 ).6^ 0.00 0.24 0 316
52.3 1.74 1.97 2.61 0.00 0.16 0 513
74.3 1.58 5.45 3.95 0.08 0.24 790 1264
7b.2 1.74 2.H4 3.16 0.00 0.16 0 237
17.7 2.53 4.11 1.42 0.08 0.24 0 592
82.2 1.^0 2.61 4.19 0.08 0.08 0 1145
7b.2 1.34 3.32 2.05 0.08 0.08 0 1145
6.3 2.05 6.16 1.90 0.16 0.32 0 237
OiU NH3 TlvN N023 OH TP EPB E7N ECU EMr
st.i) (j.*t 2.64 1.11 0.00 0.16 0 390 0
64.0 0.47 3.08 1.U2 0.00 0.39 0 320 0
•vo.O 0.7v 3.40 1.H2 0.00 0.24 0 350 0
50.6 2.13 4.9H 1.32 0.24 0.55 0 316 0
5-.I 1.11 4.50 1.97 0.00 0.08 000
5'.. 5 0.63 1 . /4 3.34 0.08 0.34 0 158 0
9J.5 1.34 3.39 0.79 0.08 0.16 0 . 0
4S-.5 O.V1 1.58 1.58 0.08 0.39 000
56.1 l.>-2 6.*7 1.11 0.16 0.87 0 513 316 59!
50.6 0.32 3.76 1.2h 0.08 0.55 0 0 0
EFt
260
344
276
J EFI
\ 893<
•
EC
: E<
\ (
9
H ECC
15
> EC
)
) Et
5 E
1 1
n PWF
14
39
Ml PH
6
1
3
3
;e
•
»
•
•
3
i
J
9
.
.
-------
ALL STATION DATA
130
OBS Til
151 19»ii(,fll :
152 26AU(- t-'fl 1 :
155 n^e^Ml :
156 24i^>ai :
157 30^r P81 :
158 020CT81:(
159 OVOCTHi:
160 150CTHJ:
161 200C181:
162 280CT8I:
163 04hUVttl :
164 06N'OV8| :
165 12UUV81:
166 1HNOV/81:
167 25NOVHM
168 03DECH1:
169 100ECH1!
T It
":35 2'>Atj<>Hl
o : <*^| 0 c* St ^*b 1
2 : 3^> 09SLPb 1
3:40 1 7 S * ^ '*!> 1
o : 36 2'tbt^el
2:2n SOSi-.^bl
1 :2n 11201.1 hi
j9 : 0 7 0/"CT81
0:00 1500181
0:30 20D(. Fbl
1 : 00 2«dCl r> \
2:20 04'iuVil
3M5 06KIUVHI
2:50 l^NOVHl
2:15 IctrjoVHl
2142 P5NuVol
2:o/ ti30fC81
1:42 1 Ul)h C^* 1
2:2b IbOkCHI
TUTS CUD NM.J Tf\N N023 OH TK EPB EZN ECU Ef
10:42 316 13f..O 0.47 3.24 -l«?t> 0.24 0.79 94H 237 0
lc;:35 _'V9 (T'M.iJ o.(>4 21'. BO ^.b3 2.05 2.14 0 15H 0
1.3:41.1 t.7v f'lo.O 9,9^ JO. 09 | ,5H 2.29 J.40 0 00
lo:3o . 30.0 0.95 2.*i'-> 1.90 0.00 0.32 0 15*3 0
lc-:20 y* »2.2 0.95 5.45 2.37 0.00 0.39 0 31h 0
Iis2h ?c?l 120.0 0.9b 3.4d 1.74 0.16 0.39 . . .
13:30 \*,> 31. -3 O.M 1.34 l.t^ 0.00 0.16 0 2567 0
Kisno m 23.7 0.39 2.^4 0.79 0.08 O.lb . . .
lo:30 47 30. f 0.6.< 3.<»0 1.74 0.08 O.OH 0 355 0
11 sou 15h ?<*.5 D.95 3.1i 1.-.2 O.Ob 0.16 0 237 0
1^:20 50b 11.9 D.vS <>.((-, 0.39 0.16 O.lb 0 0 0
13:15 ?53 '.s.d u.7u 2.13 1.50 0.24 0.24 . 237 0
12¥-50 47 4<4.2 O.t'3 3.63 0.71 0.08 0.24 0 197
12:15 4? 4-1.6 1.11 3.00 1.34 O.OH 0.24 0 276
l^:i.2 4 1 15.8 0.79 3.0b 1.50 0.00 0.16 0 0
12:0f . 30.0 1.74 <».74 2.29 0.00 0.16 869 197
lis<«2 ^04 lr>.^ 1.74 2.53 2.05 0.00 0.16 0 0
1^:25 790 r,6.9 2.05 3.24 2.37 0.00 0.16 0 0
]
-------
HIGH VOLUME: STATION DATA
OHS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
71 ORS
ID
21
?2
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
3H
39
40
DATE
15APP80
15MAY80
14JUN80
14JULHO
13AUG80
24St.P80
180CT60
29NUVHO
16JAN81
15FLH81
1 7MAP61
16APW81
16MAY81
15JUN81
15JUL81
14AUG81
13StP81
130C181
18NOV61
loDtCfcl
DATE
15APP80
1SMAY80
!4JUNbO
14JUL80
IJAUObO
24SLP80
180CT80
IVNUVbO
J6JAiN8J
IbFLhbl
1 7MAKH1
16APW81
16MAY81
IbJU^Bl
15JIA81
20fi.iJi.jtil
13Shr-bl
130C[8'1
iHNoVb 1
IttULCal
TSUSP
3<+.3
5b.2
7v.y
60. h
hi .9
46.6
•
31 .rt
b9.0
/S.O
Jb.O
114 . J
44.4
74.4
b3.1
^l.b
109.0
50.7
fid. 2
4b.3
1SUSP
3b.b
bb.S
7S.6
fo.d
/J.7
62.3
•
35.4
vj.O
b'o. V
<».>.
-------
OHS
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
1?
52
53
54
55
56
57
-n
1, OHS
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
68
OHS
69
70
71
72
73
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
DATE
15/iPPr.o
15MAY80
14JilLrtO
13^0680
18SFP80
180CT80
1 7NOVHO
23MOVHO
17UECHO
nMAkbl
16APK81
16MAY81
15JUN81
14AUIJ81
13SEP81
13UCT81
DATE
15'APKHO
IbMAYHO
14JUL.CO
IttSE^fci)
18GCTm)
23NOVHO
1 bf t db 1
1 7 M A w f 1
1 f) A P H f 1
16MAY81
0/iTE
15APP80
1 5M>*YfaO
l4JULbO
1 JAU'-OO
] 8St^HO
i ttoc. Ft) o
1 /'I'jUVcM)
?3NUVdO
17fJhC80
16JAN81
15FKH81
16APP81
16MAY81
15JUL81
TSUSP
2b. 7tt
43 • t>0
53.t>2
51.15
42.02
3'4. 77
J2.95
bO . 16
35.90
82.52
*4 t* • U f
ij T _ ^) T
}*~> . 76
bb.2b
77.53
85.43
^2.02
1SUSP
27.7?
51 .26
65.61
07.79
55.30
41.2^
71 . Ib
7 b . b 0
f><+ . f^b
M .SO
3<4. 16
TSUbK
2b.2B
42i 7U
b>4 . 7*»
'4^.02
41 .41
40.20
btt.26
60. HH
«b . 3 7
7 7 . 8 v
55.17
39.59
92. 71
T*N
0.14
0.08
0.13
0.10
0.17
m
0.39
0.19
0.30
1 .67
0.23
0.44
0.32
0.63
0. 78
1 .26
0.31
TKN
0.06
0.11
0.22
0.14
O.lb
0.03
0.49
0 » f4
0.20
0.40
0.24
TKN
0.07
0.0<»
0.15
0.07
0 . 36
0.0^
,
.
0.56
1.25
0.59
0.38
0.50
0 .dV
TH
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
9
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.07
0.03
0.09
0.03
0.06
0.07
O.Ob
0.04
TP
0.01
0.02
0.0?
0.02
0.0?
0.01
0.0?
0.06
0.03
0.10
0.0?
TU
0.01
0.02
O.U2
0.02
0.03
0.01
.
0.01
0.08
0.06
0.09
0.03
0.04
N023
1 .99
3.06
5.05
4.30
4. 74
1.82
2. 75
3.19
4. J4
8.06
3^77
2.48
3.68
6.65
5.14
4.96
N023
1.95
4.43
I" 5 . 6 7
5.67
5.09
1.06
b.14
10.19
2.97
3.59
2.04
NO* 3
1 .04
2.04
5.94
3.28
} . v9
1 .40
4l47
4.70
12.23
8.24
3.59
3.59
1 .86
HIGH VOLUME STATION DATA
STA=51HV03
OP ECU EPB
STA=51HV04
OP
STA=5lHv05
OP F.CU
EZN
EMN
EFE
ECR
ECD
0.04
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
8:83
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.30
0.14
0.09
EC
8:
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
U
01
01
0?
04
02
02
04
01
02
02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
.04
.10
.17
.13
.19
.09
.59
.59
.27
:§i
!04
.11
.15
.20
.26
.29
EPB
0.04
0.26
0.18
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.69
0.66
0.11
0.27
0.10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.00
.06
.02
.05
.04
.04
.04
.04
:88
loo
.15
:i?
.21
.25
EZ
8:
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0
N
U
8!
14
05
02
00
00
64
22
01 0
EMN E
11 (
:FE E(
) (
:R E(
)
:o
EPb
EZN
EMN
EFE
ECR
ECO
0.01
0.01
0.0^
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.02
O.Ob
0.05
0.'04
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.12
0.04
0.18
0.21
0.37
0.43
0.60
0.45
0.55
0.15
0.07
0.15
0.02
0.00
0.05
0.00
S:?B
0.09
0.09
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.22
0.22
01
0 05
-------
HIGH VOLUME STATION DATA
OSb D~Tt
fl3 ItMilOdl
84 iJStKOl
85 JJilLldl
DBS DATE
86 Ib^PMHO
B7 IbM AY no
Htt l4JUt\!tHl
89 l4JuLc<0
90 13AUOHU
91 18UCTBO
93 17K-OVHO
93 17DLCOO
94 IbJA'lHl
9S IbFtMHl
-n 96 17MA;val
1 97 loAPKfl
"~t 98 loMATOl
99 IbJUNtU
100 IbJULd)
101 144U081
102 135>t.P81
103 13UC1M
104 18NU \ttil
105 iBULCbl
106 1 7JANb?
OriS DATE
107 lbAH'80
108 Ib'^AYfau
109 InJUNhU
110 14JUL8U
111 13AU(,HU
112 18SLP80
113 IbOCTHO
114 17NUV8U
lib 14I)LCBI>
116 lbJAN81
17 jbFI-H81
18 13MAR81
19 16APRB1
20 IbMAYBl
21 15JUNB1
22 IbJULBl
23 14AU(-81
24 16SEPH1
rsu:>p
9o. /h
9.l.b9
/V. Jo
fsUbP
J(i
b7
If
71
H3
3^
J9
5b
91
1 IM
r!9
6^
Jb
r>3
jj
^
90
bb
bJ
Jb
^b
1 oUbP
^1 .0
^9.^;
bd. f
*+V . 4
b/.i
'i'l.M
6 1 .H
JT. J
^4.<^
9^.b
fab . b
b^.O
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HIGH VOLUME. STATION DATA
OBS
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------- |