GUIDELINE SERIES
OAQPS NO. /
DESIGNATION OF CRITERIA POLLUTANT
ANALYTICAL METHODS AS ACCEPTABLE/NOT
ACCEPTABLE FOR PURPOSES OF
DATA ANALYSIS
US. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
-------
. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
3JECT: Designation of Criteria Pollutant Analytical DATE: 8 ^ *l37'1
Methods as Acceptable/Not Acceptable for
FROM- Purposes of Data Analysis
Robert E. Neliga.n, Director . •- /.-(.• y^--•
Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
Surveillance and Analysis Division Directors, Region I-X
Enclosed is a draft copy of a guideline document dealing with the
acceptability of commonly used air pollutant analytical methods. This
guideline has been prepared cooperatively with the Quality Assurance
and Environmental Morn'toring Laboratory of the NERC-PJP.
We have categorized the various analytical methods into three
groupings: acceptable, tentatively acceptable and unacceptable. The
Regional Offices should work with the States in ensuring that the
"unacceptable" methods are replaced with acceptable ones as soon as
possible. All "tentatively acceptable" methods are instrumental,, and
they could be used for five years (to allow time to switch to acceptable
methods) or until equivalency testing enables us to change their status
to either acceptable or unacceptable. The data from unacceptable methods
will _no longer be stored in the data bank after July I, 1974..... "~~
The guideline also contains a listing of the number of monitoring
sites in each State for each of the methods and an Appendix which
contains an explanation of why a method has been classified unacceptable.
At this time, we would like to have any comments regarding this
document as well as the name of a person in your office to whom questions
regarding implementation of this policy can be directed. Please forward
your comments and the name of your office representative to
Mr. William Cox (919/688-8312), by March 11, 1974.
Enclosure
cc: Air and Water Division Directors
Region I-X
G. Ozolins
D. Shearer
T. Mauser
L. Bockh
B. Steigerwald
D. Goodwin
J. Padgett
J. Schueneman
J. Hammer!e
H. Slater
G. Morgan
EPA Form 1320-6 (Rev. 6-72)
-------
DRAFT
DESIGNATION OF CRITERIA POLLUTANT
ANALYTICAL METHODS AS ACCEPTABLE/NOT
ACCEPTABLE FOR PURPOSES OF
DATA ANALYSIS
February 1974
OAQPS Number 1.2 - 018
Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
and
Quality Assurance; and Environmental Monitoring Laboratory
National Environrnenta.1 Research Center
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
-------
Designation of Criteria Pollutant Analytical
Methods as Acceptable/Not Acceptable for
Purposes of Data Analysis
It is well known to all who analyze criteria pollutants
that some procedures and methods are better than others.
Because important decisions, such as compliance achieve-
ments and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions, are
based on data derived from these methods, it is imperative
that only the best available data be xised. In order to
restrict the proliferation of bad data, we have decided
to categorize the ability of analytical methods to yield
data acceptable for our needs. This guideline summarizes
our thinking on the acceptability of analytical methods
presently being used. As the equivalency program comes
into practice, we will add to, or change, the set of ac-
ceptable methods, but following is our current thinking
on the matter.
Table I lists all those analytical methods, data for
which were submitted by the States in 1972. We have ranked
the individual methods as "acceptable" tentatively ac-
ceptable" and "not acceptable." Data from those classified
"acceptable" will be used for trend analyses, compliance
calculations, summaries, etc. Data from those ranked "not
acceptable" will not be used after July 31, 1974, and will
not.be entered into the NADB after that date. Data from
those methods labeled "tentatively acceptable" will be used
until mid-1979. These methods are all instrumental methods,
and since we judge the useful lifetime of air pollution in-
struments to be five years, this allows a time period in
which to amortize and purchase "acceptable" instrumentation.
It is possible that some of these tentatively acceptable
methods may be changed to the acceptable category upon
completion of successful equivalency testing. (Note that
-------
-2-
all instruments may not be on the list at this time - they
will appear on revised lists as a result of having passed
the tests in the equivalency program).
Si.nce only data from those methods ranked "acceptable"
will be used for air quality trend analyses and compliance
with NAAQS, it would be prudent for those states and local
agencies which are presently using "not acceptable" methods
to change their practices. Otherwise, in 'the near future,
there will be no acceptable data from those agencies on
which to make judgiaents of their progress. Six months
should be sufficient time for laboratory personnel to be-
come proficient with new "acceptable" manual methods, thus
the date, July 31, 1974, after which only data from these
methods will be entered into the NADB.
In improving the data base on which important and costly
decisions are made, the Regional Offices thus have the key
role. These Offices must
1. see that "acceptable" methods are adopted as soon
as possible in accordance with the time-scale discussed
herein
2. see that the states spend their money only for
"acceptable" instrumentation.
To help the Regional Offices identify which states re-
ported data by which method in 1972, we have included Table II,
a printout of the data from which Table I was prepared. Note
that the printout is by pollutant code and method.
As a further aid, we have attached. 7\ppendix A, an extract
from a forthcoming document "A Description of the Analytical
Techniques and Associated SAROAD Method Codes Used in Storing
Data in tho National Air Data Bank" OAQPS 1.2-017. This
will help decide which analytical method an agency is
actually u-ing and t.hc SAROAD number-;;,.;: thod code under v:hir;n
tho data should be submitted to NAD.o.
-------
-3-
Lastly, there is attached /Appendix B, a short paragraph,
for each of the "not acceptable" and "tentatively acceptable"
methods, giving our reasons for ranking them in these cate-
gories.
-------
• ' TABLE 1
1972 .Pollutant-Method-r.tations Summary
I
•to
ollutant Code
IP 11101 91
!0 42101 11
12
21
Method
Hi-Vol
NDirt
Coulomctrlc
Flame lonization
Ho. of
Stations
Percent
of Total
100
99
0
1
100
Acceptable
X
X
Tentatively
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
I
4.2401 11 Colorimetric
13 Conductimetrie
14 Coulometric
15 Autometer
16 Flame Photometric
31 Hydrogen Peroxide
33 Sequential Conductimetric
91 West-Gaeke-sulfamic acid
92 * West-Gaeke Bubbler
93 Conductimotric Bubbler
42602 11 Colorimetric
12 Colorimotric
13 Coulometric
14 Chemiluminescence
71 J-H Bubbler (orifice)
72 Saltzman
91 J-H Bubbler (frit)
94 Sodium Arscnite
95 TEA
96 TGS
lal Ox 44101
11 Alkaline KI Instrumental
13 Coulometric
14 Keut KI Colorimetric
15 Coulometric
51 Phenolpht.halin
81 Alkaline KI Bubbler
82 Ferrous Oxidation
44201 11 Chemiluroinescence
13 Coulomftric
68
80
76
1
12
38
3
1040
45
2
1365
110
15
5
36
11
11
BIG
28
1032
49
10
75
13
= 5
64
85
301
62
1
63
5
7
6
0
0
3
0
76
3
0
100
12
1
0
3
1
1
79
3
100
16
3
25
4
2
22
28
100
99
1
100
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
if I'1
-------
«.".i[ ' ' ' "•' .
til:
H» ' • v..
1
"TATE
II T A T E
STAtt
§TATF
JTATE
(TATF
•TATE
STATE
ITATE
STATE "
•TATE
K-ATE
,., F
|r ATE
STATE
ITATE
KATE"
ATF
• ATE
STA.TF
|ATE
STATE
3§ATE'"
S»ATE
STATE
r-^-_^__-,-__^_^._,^
C.L J\T
ccu.NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT"
COUNT" "
COUNT""'"
COUNT
COUNT ""
COUNT
COUNT""
" COUNT '
COUNT
COUNT".""
COUNT'
COUNT""
COUNT
COUNT "
COUNT
HI 01
11 Ml
111J1
1 i 1 0 1
11101
11101'"
11101"
11101
11101
11101
11101
"'Tiiol
" TTioi ~
""ifibi
11101
111 01
~ 11 101 ,
i i i o i
"11 101
uior
lliui"
11101
1 1 I 0 1
1U01
r'=TH ':'.•' ';". : ...'.•;"".' ....', NUMBER OF ' !:- ..' '.'. ',-. ' 'V ' ., -...;•:'
,T)E • SITES '
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
"91
9 1 "
91
91
91
91
91
9 1
91
91
91
91
9f
9)
91
ALABAMA
ALASKA
A^I/QNA
AP KANSAS
CALI FOPNIA
CPIORADO
CONNECTICUT
OELAWARE
DIST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
'HA WAI I ""
'IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA "
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND •
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI
63 '
19 .
33
32
19
69
26
16
45
31
30
54
128
30
59
90
12
7
85
52
109
59
2
\
-------
TABLE II
STAT =
STATf-
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
S ,TE
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATT
STATF
STATF
1
COUNT
CUUMT
. COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CCUNT
COUMT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CO! 'NT
COUNT
CPU-NT
CG'.m
COUNT
CO'iM
C'.J'P, T
V_* • ) t~
11101
11101
1110 I
11101
11101
nioi
11101
1.11. 31
11 101
11101
1110 1
11101
11101
11101
11 10 I
1 1 1 0 1
11 101
11101
11101
11101
11101
111') 1
lil Jl
11 101'
r •' r T i -.
CMIH
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
M'ISSOJRI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
i\E'.-/ HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NFK YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OP-FGON
PEHMSYLVAHIA
PUERTO PICO
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
.UTAH
VC-MfJ'JT
V I P fi I Nl I A
•A-ASMINGTCN
NUMBER OF
SITES 1
49
2
36
41
26
79
28
233
199
16
137
95
48
105
5
23
75
2
98
192
8
2
122
57
-------
TABLE II
1
STATE.
JAJE
STATE
WATT
MjATE
POLUTCOD
SATE
STATE
ATE
IATE
ATE
• ATE
STATE
ATE
yATE
P-ATE
•FATE
STATE
JUTE
f'/vTE
.ATE
•TATF
STATE
IT A T F
S T ' T E'
CLIMNT
COUNT
C.UUNT
COUf4T
CCVJNT
COM NT
COUNT
CCJUMT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNJT
COUNT
COU^T
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUi\.T
CC Jl^T
CCUMT
CiVJ-JT
C-O'i^iT
PuLUJTANT
CPHE c
lllul
"111 61
11 101
IHOl
lliQi
11 10 1
"42101
42101
42101
42101
___.__.._.
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
4?i01
42101
"42101
.._ -^21cj|
42101
4 ? 1 0 I
~" 42 1, H
42101 ""
4?10l
'TM
•i'.)G
01
n ' •
91
9l"
91
•ii
11 '
11
11
11
1 1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11 "
11
11
11
11
1 1
.WEST VIPGINM
V,1 1 SCO N.SIM
"WYOMING
GUAM
VIRGIN ISLANDS
ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
CALIFORNIA
"COLnRADh
OIST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
HAWAII
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY "
LOUIS I ANA
MARYLAND
MASS \OIUSETTS
MICHIGAN •
••4 I .V^- SOT A
NUMBER OF • . '
SITES .
39
7 : ' *• /' •
^
11
4
2828
2
1
3
51
1
2
6
2
1
1
3
2
5
7'"
3
19
5
3
3
-------
-' • '
TABLE II
f
\
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
S,,.TE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
POLUTCOn
STATE
PPLUTCfK)
STATE
rTL'.rCOi)
CO'JMT
ceo .T
COMMT-
CC'.INT
COUNT
Cp'.MT
CCU NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CC'H NT
CO.J-,T
C^,.:T
ctn?
42101
42101
42101
421J1
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
42101
A 2 I 0 1
coot
ii .
n
11
n
ii
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
ii
11
1 1
11
11
11
11
11
12
12
21
21
VlSS^I
ME^AS'A ' :
NEVADA
!!?'•) JERSEY
Hc\i MEXICO
S-'EW ViYtK.
NCMTH CAROLINA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA
RHODE ISLAND
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VIP-GINIA
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA '
WISCONSIN
OHIO
KENTUCKY •.
NUMBER OF
SITES '
10
i
i
22
1
13
2
13
4
2
2
2
4
1
4
9
.10
1
1
223
i
1
2
2
-------
TABLE II
•
STATfr
STATE
STATE
l
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE "
STATE
STATE
STAfE
STATE
IPOLUTCOD
STATE
I
STATE
(STATE
r
STATE
1
PATE
STATE
STATE
UATE
1
S"" ' TF
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT "~
COUNT :"
COUNT
COJNT
"COUNT'
COUNT
COUNT
"COUNT""
COUNT ""
COUNT""
COUNT"""
COUNT
CO I /NT
COUNJ
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
crn.'Ni' "
PULUTAXT
COOK
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
~ "42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
~4240i "
~ 42401"
«Vo~
42401
42401
42401
~" 42401 ~
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
"i'TH
11
i i
11
H
11
...........
H
11
„...
11
il
11
11
~ "i 1-
11
11
13
13
13
"""13
13
13
U
13
13
NU.MDER
SITES
AKIZ'JNA
COL OS ADO
DELAWARE
DIST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
H. II NO IS
KENTUCKY
MARYLAND
"MASSACHUSETTS "
"MISSOUR'I
NEW JERSEY
NEW YORK
" OHIO
' PENNSYLVANIA
WASHINGTON
- -
ARIZONA
"CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
' CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
">IST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
ILLINOIS
INDIANA '
°F . . ' i
2
1
6
2
3
1
5
1
4
5
22
7
4
4
1
68
2
18
1
1
7
2
1
1
8
-------
"TABLE II
STATE
STATE
STA'E
STAT?
STATE
STATE
STATF-
STATE
STATE
POLUTCOD
STATE
ST "E
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COU^T
COUNT
COUNT
Cfl'JN'T
COUNT
COUNT.
COUNT
COUNT
COJNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT'
COUNT
CCUMT
COUNT
COUNT
P!:LtUT.A-
CHOE
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
::F CO™'
o
13
13
.. ^
13
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
••MARYLAND
MI YVrSOT A
MISSOURI
NEW YORK
OHIO
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA
VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON
ALABAMA
ARIZONA
DIST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
INDIANA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSOURI
NEW Yfm
\iV.TH CAROLINA
NUMBER OF
SITES -1 -.
.12
2
2
1
7
2
2
2
9
80
2
8
2
2
2
4
3
6
2
22
4
1
12
1
-------
••':•*:.-•'• '!;.'-.-*::v--..^:.:^;^:.-v;. -.'.••••'w-^••:•?••*• .-•.••..•-•r••*-.•>•-.-;: ,y >'...*. :,-^^;„-"?ir'-^^-r^
... -• >•;, , •.•..o:-;v^".'-*--rt -'^"'."•:« '>V ,x-.'~ ,,': '••^ • 's': ..^5:, '-\ ^'-"^4? «??>,?rf$ "-5**$!^
TABLE II
POLLUTANT MFTH
Cf3Df COUf
"TATE
•TATE
STATE
JoiuTcan
^TATE
^•OLUTCOiJ
•TATE
STATE
• OLUTCOO
"STATE
I j fir. an
MTATE
POLUTCOD
•TATE
STATE
•TATE
(TATE
.TATE
•TATE
ST'ATF
JTATE
(T A T E
TATE
• ,»TE
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CCU NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CC'J'JT
COUNT
42401
««»
42401
42401
"42401
42401
42401 "~"
42401
42401
ir^cH
42401
42401
42401
~ 42401" "
42401
42401
"~42401
4240"l
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
14
1 4
14
14
.14
15
15
16
16
•l'6~
3 r~
31
3?
33
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
yi
91
51
. ; . . . NUI4BER (JF
SITES
OH I 0
PENNSYLVANIA
TENNESSEE
VIRGINIA
" TEN.NtSSEE
MARYLAND.
VIRGINIA
• • • • • •
"NEW YORK
MISSOURI
ALABAMA
ALASKA "
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
' CHIOS ADO
CONNECTICUT'
HE LA WARP
01 SF COLUf-'HIA
F LURID A
'GEUKC.IA
1
1
1
2
76
1
1
11 .
1
12
38
38
3
3 "
13
7
2
16
'*
4
3
2
34
13
-------
TABLE
/
STATF.
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATb
STATF
STATF
STATE
S TE
STATE
STATf-
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STAT!-
CO'.INT
COU'lT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COM NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUiNT
CHJVT
CO' INT
CPiPIT
PCLL'lTA'iT
C.'/L)L
4?AOl
42401
^2401
<»?4J1
..^2^01
42'tOl
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
47401
42401
424-.U
'4 r T H
cc:-r-
91
91
Qi
(il
.91
91
91
91
91
91
9 I
91
91
9i
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
HA-.wUI
Il.LI.NGIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MA I. "It
MAP YL AND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEPPASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
s
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NOXTH C^hOl. IN 4
f)Hi:j
OKLAHOMA
NUMBER OF
SITES
12
38
66
2
30
98
17
6 '
49
53
24
id
2
4
1
4
3
4
8
a
34
156
67
27
-------
•* .; , . ,,.,,,.». .-,. ^
' »i*\ »•* **
,'» ' • ' •-'..."
'T.'.BLE II
, 1 > •*'. -J ,»fl
t,
..
•1
TATE
STATE
BTATF
• TATE
STATP
BTATE
STATE
•TATE.
CATF
ATE
•TATE
STATE
1 e
KATE
ATE"
•ATE
" POLUTCOD
|ATE
STATE
MLUTCOD
MATE
POl'JTCOO
<|ATE
STATE
sB'T
mm
COUNT
COU'IT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT '
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
"
r)cl)n';*'JT
' 42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401
42401 "
42401
42401
42401
42401
"42401
4240 i'~~
42401
"42401
" 42401
42401
42401
42602
42602
42602
'•'frT-l
.1
•n
91
91
91
»i
91
~ 9"i
91
91
91
91
91
9i
91
91
- 9l
92
92
92
93
93
11
U
11
r;-rr,~N
Pt-'N'.'SYLVAiNI A
PUERTO F ICU
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TtNNtSSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VIRGINIA
"WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA"
WISCONSIN
K'YOMING
GUAM
VIRGIN ISLANDS
FLORIDA
MASSACHUSETTS
INDIAN*
A L A n A M A
ARIZONA
CAL I FORMA
1
_. ,_. ;T. — t_
-------
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
S' •'£
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
POL'JTCOD
STATE
STATF
STATE
STATF
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
• . TA13L
P ILLUTANT
42602
42602
4?602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
4?602
42602
<+2602
•K 11
cm
1 1
ii
11
11
11
ii
11
11
11
11
11
11
u
u
ii
11
u
11
u
n
12
12
12
12
•«r...lfcr!C.jT
I) 1ST COLUMBIA
FLCPIOA
GEORGIA
KENTUCKY
MAI'Jfl-
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MINNESOTA
MISSOURI
NEVADA
NEW YORK
l\!ORTH CAROLINA
UH I U
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA;
TENNESSEE
VIRGINIA
COLORADO
01 ST CJLUM3I A
ILLINOIS
yiSSn'JM
NUMBER OF
SITES
,
1
4
1
8
1
6
1 .
1
8
1
13
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
no.
1
1
1
1
-------
TABLE II
fT 1 M
.,,,,
KT/UE
STATE
ITATE
POL'JTCOD
ft TATE
(TATE
TATE
ftTATE
POLUTCOD
1 'r.
TATF
STATE
ITATE
* T
pr
C >\i \ T
CC;J\T
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
'COUNT
COUNT'
COUNT
c uu NT"
ecu N'T"
COUNT
"COUNT
COUNT
'COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CO. /NT
CU'JNT
C'.J-.'NT
CLVJNT
CC;-:NT
HLUTA'JT
"i2'>02
42602
«602
42602
«"0.
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602"
42632
42602
42602
42602"""
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602"
4 2 60 2
42602
42602
4? ',02
42^02
',« f T f j
en;);:
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
13 '
13
"13 "
1 3 " "
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
NF -.' .JcPShY
UH I U
Pfcf.NSYLVANIA
KH'DDJ: ISLAND
VIRGINIA
KANSAS
MINNESOTA
NEVADA
TENNESSEE
ARIZONA
COLQ PA DC-
CONNECT I CUT
DIST COLUMBIA
"ILLINOIS
INDIANA
I QUA
'KENTUCKY
KARYLANO
MASSACHUSETTS
MINNESOTA
MISsr-jKi
r-; E R '-. f- s •< A
':«:« MEXICO
NUMBER OF
SITES
5
1
1
2
2
15
2
1
1
1
5
1
1
2
2
" 1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
-------
TABLE II
, POLL 'JT AM '1KTH
cnur cnoe '
STATE
ST/.TF
.STATF
_ STATE
STATE
STATE
PDLUTCOO
STATE
POLUTCOO
STATE
POLUTCOO
s re
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATF
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT _
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COU.NT
COUNT.
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
14
1'+
1*
14
14
14
14
71
71
72
72
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
NEW YPrfK
OHIO
PENNSYLVANIA
_.. TtXAS
UTAH
VIRGINIA
MINNESOTA
INDIANA
ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALI FORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
01 ST COLUMBIA
FLbKlDA
GEORGIA
HAW A I I
ILLINOIS
•' -'•'
2-*''
NUMBER OF .
SITES
2
. 5
5
2
I
2
36
11
11
11
11
13
1
5
2
16
2
4
3
2
22
13
11
4
/
V
-------
'•TATE
STATE
(TATF
(T.ATE
TATE
•TATE
STATE
^-
ATE
f" "ATE
ATE
•"ATE
STATE
ITATE
STATE
ATE
MATE
STATE
"j| AT E
STATE
IATF
SJATE
^ATE
s- Tr
" COUNT
COUNT
'COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
• COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT'
COUNT
. COUNT
"CO'. INT
" CO! 'NT
rnnt
"42602
42602
42602
42602"
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
426 J2
42602
r n p L
VI
""""94 ;
Si
91
91
91
91
'"""" 91
91
91
91
9 i
91
91
91
91
91 ~
"""91
91
91
'91
' IOWA
KANSAS
KbNTUCKY
LOUI SI ANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
'MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NpW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
' OHIO '
GKLAHDMA
JREGbN
PENNSYLVANIA
PUFRTH RICQ
rJHO-Tf- ISLAND
NUMBER OF
SITES
2 '
29
87
4
1
49
54
6
3
2
4
1
; 3
4
8
7
9
155
"67 "
19
1
14
4
\ J
-------
STATt
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
STATE
PCT 'TCOO
STATE
>3LUTCOD
5TATE
5TATE
5TATE
->TATE
iTATE
;TATE
jTATF
,TATE
,TATE
iTATE
COMNT
COUNT
COUNT
CO'JNT
COUNT
CO'JNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
.COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
CO'JNT
COUNT
CU'JNT
COJ\-T
P.I LI. '11 ANT
CO )fc" '
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
42602
44 1 0 1
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
C™
91
91
91
91
9i
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
94
94
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
tl
11
11
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TtMNE SSEP
TEXAS
UTAH
VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
GUAM
KENTUCKY
ARIZONA
COLORADO
01 ST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA .
KANSAS
MISSOURI
NcX JE^SFY
DUMBER OF
SITES
38
1
41
13
1
7
10
1 •
3
2
9
816
28
28
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
4
-------
TABLE II
ATF
IATF
ATF
STATE
1-'
ATF
»ATF
ATF
«ATF
PDLUTCOO
ATE
SJ.ATE
1 E ' ~
1ATE
POLUTCOD
JJATF'
STATE
JATE
MATE
STATE
«..
ATE
STATE
S|AT<-
SiAT E
SXATF
COUNT
COUNT
Cn-JNT
COUNT
COUNT
CPU NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
'COUNT
"COUNT
COUNT
Cbu.N'f
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT"
COUNT
CCU-.T
CCJ'-IT
°.'M. i. UT f.
441 )1
44101
44101
44 1 0 1
441 Jl
44 t 0 1
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
~ "44101
""44101
"44101
; ~ 441 01
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
•rr .. Mf-TM
cunt
U
I L
11
11
11
il
li
11
11
11
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
It
14
14
14
\0''Trl CAPOLINJ
OHIO
PENNSYLVANIA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON
WISCONSIN
KANSAS
NEVADA
NEW MEXICO
WASHINGTON
ALABAMA
ARIZONA
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
KENTyCKY
MINNESOTA
MISSOURI
OHIO
CRTGCN
PEriNSYLVAUI A
NUMBER OF
SITES
12
^2
8
1
4
1
4
1
1
49
3
1
1
5
10
." ' 1
56
1
"1
1
.8
2 ' ' . •
I
1
\
-------
TABLE II
STATF
STATE
POLJTCrj')
STATF
STATF
POLUTCOD
STATF
POLUTCOO
STATF
STATF
STATE
.' ^TF
POLUTCOD
STATE
STATE
STATE'
POL'JTCOn
STATE
STATF
STATF
STATE
STATE
STATE
S T A T t
C-'J'iMT
COUNT
COUNT
CPU -NT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
COUNT
C-.JLMT
COUNT
cnnr-
441 H
441 01
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44101
44 1 0 1
44101
_441Q1
44 1 0 I
•44201
44201
44201
44201
44201
44201
44201
' r^)F
14
14
14
15
_ i'j
15
51
51
61
81
31
81
81
32
32
92
02
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
TE-NNCSSF"
VIRGINIA
C/LI FLWNIA
VIRGINIA
OKLAHOMA
MINNESOTA
NORTH CAROLINA
OKLAHOMA
SOUTH CAROLINA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
JHIO
ALABAMA
COLORADO
••
OIST COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GtfPRGI A
HAWAII
ILLINOIS
NUMBER OF
SITES
1
1
75
12
1
13
5
5
7
7
13
37
64
3
76
6
85
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
-------
TABLE II
STATE
(TATE
MT-ATE
STATE
1. "
TATE
STATE
TATE
(" TATE
TATF
•TATE
STATE
"E
-------
A DESCRIPTION OF THE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
AND ASSOCIATED SAROAD METHOD CODES USED IN
STORING DATA IN THE NATIONAL AEROMETRIC DATA BANK
APPENDIX A
EXTRACT FROM GUIDELINE DOCUMENT OAQPS 1.2-017
January 1974
-------
11101 91 SUSPENDED PARTICULATE - HI-VOL - GRAVIMETRIC
Air is drawn at 40 to 60 ft. /min through a glass
fiber filter by means of a blower, and the suspended
• particles having a diameter greater than 0.1 ym are
collected. The suspended particulate is reported in
density units, yg/m . Oily participates or high
humidity can cause reduced air flow through the filter.
Therefore, flow rates should be measured before and
after the sampling period.
1. Intersociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling
and Analysis," American Public Health Association,
Washington, D.C., 1972, p 356.
2. "Rules and Regulations," Federal Register, Vol 36,
No. 228, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
(Nov. 25, 1971), p 22388.
3. "Air Quality Data for 1967," EPA APTD-0741, Office of
Technical Information and Publications, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina, 1971, p 17.
42101 11 CARBON MONOXIDE - INSTRUMENTAL - NON-DISPERSIVE INFRA-RED
The principle is described in Vol 36- No. 228 of the
Federal Register. The major interference is H20 vapor
whi'ch can be minimized by drying the air sample before
it enters the cell. Calibrated gases and a narrowband
optical filter are essential. Variations in temperature
• cind pressure affect the instrument response and should
be controlled. Filters of 2-10 ym porosity should be
used in the entering air stream to remove fine particulates
1. "Rules and Regulations," Federal Register, Vol 36,
No. 228, (Nov. 25, 1971), p 22391.
-------
42101 12 CARBON MONOXIDE - INSTRUMENTAL - COULOMETRIC
Atmospheric air is drawn through a heated^205 tube
and I'2 is liberated. The gas containing I2 is directed
. into an electrochemical cell where 1^ is reduced to
iodide coulometrically.
1. Beckman Instrumention, Bulletin 3000 4411-4,
Beckman Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, California.
42101 21 CARBON MONOXIDE - INSTRUMENTAL - FLAME IONIZATION
Ambient air is introduced into two gas chromatographic
columns in series, the first of which retains most
pollutants except CO and CH4, and the second of which
passes only CO. The CO is then led over a Hi catalyst
where it is converted to Cllq. The CII4 is passed into
a flame ionization detector, where the resulting measured
current can be related to the initial CO concentration
of the ambient- air. - .
1. Rotterdam, Warsaw, and Bucharest, "The Status of In-
•strumentation in Air Pollution' Control," Environmental
Control Seminar Proceeding, U.S. Department of Commerce,
(May 5-June 4, 1971), p 217. ' s
42401 11 SULFUR DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-WEST GAEKE-COLORIMETER
t t
A continuous analyzing system is set up so that the
ambient air flows through a glass spiral absorption column
concurrently with 0.02M sodium tetrachloromercurate.
Dichlorosulfitomercurate ion is formed, reacted with
• acid-bleached pararosaniline and formaldehyde to produce
a red-purple pararosaniline methylsulfonic acid which
is quantitatively measured colorimetrically. The 95%
baseline is established, with pure reagents for 1 h and
-------
42401 13
the instrument is then calibrated. Air flow rate and
reagent flow rate must be calibrated and maintained
accurately.
1. Yunghans, R. S. and W. A. Monroe, Technicon Symposium
on Automation in Analytical Chem. , 1965, p 279.
2. "Technicon Air Pollution Detection System," In-
struction Manuals T 67-105 , Technicon Corp.
SULFUR DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-CONDUCTIMETRIC
Sulfur dioxide is absorbed in acidic lUO which oxdizes
it to HnSO,
The method is a measure of all materials
that increase conductivity. Thus, any materials that
alter the conductivity of the reagent are potential in-
terfering agents.
1. Beckman-Air Quality Acralyzer Operating and Service
Manual, Scientific and Process Inst. ,Div., Fullerton,
California, 16TW352, (Aug. 1966).
2. Thomas, M.D., (1932), "Automatic Apparatus for the
Determination of Small Concentrations of Sulfur Dioxide
*•
in Air," Anal. Chem. 5, 253.
3. M. B. Jacobs, "The ChemicaJL Analysis .of Air Pollutants,"
Chemical Analysis, Vol 10, Interscience Publishers, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., (1960), p 394.
4. Water, Atmospheric Analysis, (1971), "Annual Book of
ASTM Standards," American Society for Testing and Materials,
Philadelphia, Pa., Part 23, p 272.
42401 14 SULFUR DIOXIDE-INSTKUMENTAL-COULOMETRIC
Coulometric analyzers measure the current necessary to
maintain a halogen concentration (Br2 or J.^} constant in
the sample cell. The magnitude of this current is pro-
portional to the amount of absorbed S02. There are several
-------
versions of instruments using this principle.
1. J. F. Welcher, "Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis,"
D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc. Princeton, N.J., 1966,
p 377.
42401 15 SULFUR DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-THOMAS AUTOMETER
The Thomas Autometer is a conduct line trie analyzer de-
veloped in 1929.
42401 16 SULFUR DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-FLAME PHOTOMETRIC
Chroraatographic columns are used to separate S02, H_S,
CS~, and CH-.SH. Effluent from the columns is burned in
a hydrogen-rich flame where a 395 nm emission band
characteristic of sulfur is created. A photonmltiplier
tube is used to detect the luminescence. Response is linear
on a log-log scale.
1. H. H. Willard, L. Li Merritt, and J. A. Dean, "In-
strumental Methods of Analysis," D. Van Nostrand Company,
Inc., 4th Edition, 1965, p 309.
42401 31 SULFUR DIOXIDE-DAVIS INSTRUMENT-HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
The Davis instrument is a conductiraetric instrument, and
as such, it is much like method 42401 13.
42401 33 SULFUR DIOXIDE-DAVIS INSTRUMENT-SEQUENTIAL-COKDUCTIMETRIC
Water is deionized by passage through an amberlite resin
column, then its conductivity is measured. Ambient air,
having first passed through a scrubber of amberlite re-
sin and soda-lime to remove CO-, is next passed through
the deionized water where the S0~ is absorbed. The in-
creased conductivity of the water is a measure of the
S02 concentration of the air.
1. Thomas, M.D. and J. N. Abersold, (1929), "Automatic
7*.pparatvis for the Determination of Small Concentrations
of Sulfur Dioxide in Air," Anal.' Chem. 1, 14.
-------
42401 91 SULFUR DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLF.R-WEST-GAEKE-SULFAMIC ACTD
The method is described in Vol 36, No. 228 of the Federal
Register. (.The NASN procedure, however, uses 1.725 g/1
sulfamic acid rather than 6 g/1 and does not use EDTA) .
The sulfamic acid eliminates interference from oxides of
nitrogen. Sulfur dioxide is collected in a tetra-
chloromercurate solution, forming a stable dichlorosulfito-
mercurate complex. When acid bleached pararosaniline
is added to the collected S02 together with formaldehyde,
the amino groups (-NI-U) form a red-violet compound called
" pararosaniline methylsulfonic acid which is measured spec-
tropho.tometrically.
1. West, P. W. and G. C. Gaeke, (1956), "Fixation of
Sulfur Dioxide as Disulfito-Mercurate (II) and Subsequent
Colorimetric Estimation," Anal. Chem. 28, 1819.
2. "Rules and Regulations," Federal Register, Vol 36,
No. 228, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
(Nov. 25, 1971), p 22385. .. . ' .
3. Intersociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling and
Analysis," American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.,
1972, p 447. -. ' x
4. "Air Quality Data for 1967-," EPA-APTD 0741, Office of
Technical Information and Publication, Research Triangle
Park, N.C., 1971, p 20.
•
42401 92 SULFUR DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-WEST-GAEKE
This method is similar to method 42401 91 except that the
sample absorbing reagent is 0..1M TCM, the starch which is
used for standardization is made without mercuric iodide,
and sulfamic acid is not used except when high concen-
trations of N02 are expected. The sulfamic acid is added
to the sample after collection.
-------
1. "Selected Methods for the Measurement of Air Pollutants"
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 999 AP-.
11, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, Cincinnati,
Ohio, May 1965, p A-l.
2. Nauman, R. V., et al. , (1960), Anal Chejn. 32, 1307.
3. West, P.W. and F. Ordoveza, (1962), Anal. Chem. 34,
1324. ,
42401 93 SULFUR DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-CONDUCTIMETRIC
Manual coriduc time trie methods use the same principles as
" instrumental conductimetric except the absorber is a
multiple jet bubbler system and the sampling" is not con-
tinuous. The details are described in the reference.
1. Intersociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling
and Analysis," American Public Health Association,
Washington, D.C., 1972, p 456.
42602 11 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-COLORlMETRIC
The Lyshkov/ modification of the Griess-Saltzman reagent
is used in various continuous N02 analyzers. Users
should consult the manufacturer's literature for details
of reagent preparation.
1. • "Rules and Regulations" Federal Register, Vol 38,
No. 110, USGPO Wash., D.C., (June 8, 1973), p 15176.
2. Lyshkov;, N. A., (1965), "A Rapid Sensitive Colorimetric
Reagent for Nitrogen Dioxide in Air" ,T. Air Poll. Control
Assoc. 15 (No. 1.0) 481.
42602 12 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-IMSTRUMENTAL-COLORIMETRIC
The original Griess-Saltzman reagent is used in various
continuous NO., analyzers. Users should consult the
£
manufacturer.'s literature for details of reagent pre-
paration.
-------
1. "Rules and Regulation," Federal Register, Vol 38,
No. 110, USGPO, Wash., D.C., (June 8, 1973) p 15176.
2. Saltzman, B. E., (1954) "Colorimetric Micro Determination
of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere" Ana1. Chem. 26,
1949.
42602 13 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-COULOMETRIC
Nitrogen dioxide is absorbed in a buffered iodide-iodine
solution causing the equilibrium between iodine and iodide
to be unbalanced. The current required to re-establish
" the equilibrium is a measure of the N02 concentration.
42602 14 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-INSTRUMENTAL-CHEMILUMINESCENCE
The nitrogen dioxide is dravm over a gold catalytic con-
verter v.Thich reduces N02 to NO. The NO is then analyzed
by method 42601 14. •
1. NO/NO/NO- Analyzer Bulletin, Bulletin 4133, Beckman .
5C <-'
Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, Calif.'
«.
;
42602 71 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-JACOBS-HOCHHEISER-50 Ml
TUBE -I- ORIFICE
x
The method is that described in the Federal Register.
The. N02 is converted to NO~- in NaOI-I solution. The
collection efficiency is a function of the N02 con-
centration and high concentrations of NO interfere.
1. "Rules and Regulations," Federal Register, Vol 36,
No. 228, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
(Nov. 25, 1971) , p 22396.
42602 72 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-SALTZHAN (50 Ml TUBE + ORIFICE)
The sample is absorbed in the Griess-Saltzinan reagent
and after 15 rain the stable pink color is measured
colorirnetrically cit 550 nm.
-------
1. Intersociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling
and Analysis," American Public Health Association,
Washington, D.C., 1972, p 329.
2. Saltzman, B. E., (1954), "Colorimetric Micro-
Determination of Nitrogen in the Atmosphere," Anal.
Chem. 26, 1949.
42602 91 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-JACOBS-HOCHHEISER (100
Ml TUBE 4- FRIT)
A fritted bubbler and 100 ml tube, instead of a glass
- tube orifice and 50 ml tube, makes this method different
from method 42602 71. The disadvantages of the method
still apply.
1. "Selected Methods for the Measurement of Air Pollutants,"
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 999-
AP-11, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center,
Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1965, p C-4.
2. Purdue, L. J. , et.al., (1972), "Reirivestigation
of the Jacobs-IIochheiser Procedure for Determining .
Nitrogen Dioxide in Ambient Air," Environ.Sci.and Tech.6,
152.
42602 94 NITROGEN DIOXIDE-GAS BUBBLER-NASN-SODIUM ARSENITE-FRIT
The method is much like method 42602 91 except for the
absorber (l.Og of NaAs09 and 4.0g" of NaOH diluted to one
• *•
liter with distilled H20) . The NaAs02 increases the N02
collection efficiency, but NO still interferes.
1. Christie, A. A., R. G. Lidzey, and D. W. F. Radford,
(1970) , "Field Methods for the Determination of Nitrogen
Dioxide in Air." Analyst 05, 519.
2. Merryman, E. L. , et.al., "Effects of NO, C02, CH^ , H20
and Sodium Arsenite on NO- Analysis," presented at the
Second Conference on Natural Gas Research and Technology .
Atlanta, Georgia, June 5, 1972.
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3. "Selected Method for the Measurement of Air Pollutants,"
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 999-
. AP-11, Robert h. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center,
Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1965, p C-4.
44101 11 TOTAL OXIDANT-INSTRUMENTAL-ALKALINE KI
Oxidants in ambient air are absorbed in an alkaline KI .-solu-
tion. On acidification, iodine is liberated and measured
colorirn.Gtrically.
44101 13.. TOTAL OXIDANTS-INSTRUMENTAL-MAST MODEL 742-2
Air is drawn over electrodes at a controlled rate to-
gether with a continuous stream of fresh electrolyte.
Hydrogen is maintained on the working electrode by a
polarising voltage. Oxidants convert I to I~ which
reacts with the H~, thus depolarizing the electrode.
The current required to repolarize the electrode is a
measure of the oxidant concentration of- the sample.
1. Mast, G. M. and H. E. Saunders, (Oct. 1962), "Research
*
and Development of the Instrumentation of Ozone Sensing,"
Instrument. Soc. 'of Amer. Trans. , 1, 375.." '
2. Bufalini, J. J., (1968), "Gas Phase Titration of
Atmospheric Ozone," Environ Sci Techno! 2, 703.
3. Wartburg, A. F., and B. E. Saltzman, (1965),
"Absorption Tube for Removal of Interfering S02 in Analysis
of Atmospheric'Oxidant" Anal. Chem. 37, 779.
44101 14 'TOTAL OXIDANT-INSTRUMENTAL-COLORIMETRIC-NEUTRAL KI
Iodine is liberated from a neutral KI solution to form
KI^ which is determined spectrophotoiaetrically at 352 nm.
The ambient air is drawn counter current to the flow of
a neutral KI reagent. The reaction is pll dependent and
thus a nexitral KI solution is used. Sulfur dioxide is
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removed by using a CrO., scrubber.
1. Intcrnociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling
and Analysis," American Public Health Association,
Wash., D.C., 1972, p 356.
2. Water, Atmospheric Analysis, (1971), "Annual Book
of ASTM Standards," American Society for Testing and
Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., Part 23,. p 518.
3. Wartburg, A. F., and B. E. Saltzman, (1965),
"Absorption Tube for Removal of Interfering SCU in
Analysis of Atmospheric Oxidant" Anal. Chem. 37, 779
»•
44101 15 TOTAL OXIDANT-INSTRUMENTAL-COULO^TRIC-NEUTRAL KI
This method is beised on the same principle as 44101 13.
The electrolyte flov.'S betv/een two electrodes which are •
used to measure the current needed to re-establish the
hnlogen-halide balance. Nitrogen dibxide interference
has to be subtracted. Sulfur dioxide interference is
reduced by a CrCU scrubber.
1. Intcrsociety Committee, "Methods of Air Sampling
and Analysis," American Public Health Association,
Wash., D.C., 1972, p 341. ' ' s
44101 51 TOTAL OXIDANT-GAS BUBBLKR-PHEiTOLPHTHALIN
Phenolphthalin in the presence of CuSO^ can be oxidized
to.phenolphthalein by anbicnt air oxidants. Air is
passed through 10 ml of reagent at 800 ml/min for 10
min. The color is read using a green filter and a
.. colorimeter.
1. M. 13. Jacobs, (I960), "The Chemical Analysis of Air
Pollutants," Chemical Analysis, Vol 10, Interscience
Publishers, Inc., New York, K. Y., p 226.
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44101 81 TOTAL OXIDANT-GAS BUBBLER-ALKALINE KI
Oxidants in ambient: air arc. absorbed in an alkaline KI
solution in a bubbler. A stable product is formed which
can be stored with little loss for several days. Analysis
is completed by addition of phorphoric acid-sulfuric
acid reagent, liberating iodine, which is then determined
spectrophotometrically at 352 nm.
1. Selected Methods for the Measurement of Air Pollutants
U.S. DREW 999-AP-ll, RATSEC Cincinnati, Ohio, 1965,
p E-l.
" 2. Water, Atmospheric Analysis, (1971), "Annual Book of
ASTH Standards," American Society for Testing and Materials,
Philadelphia, Pa., Part 23, p 391.
3. M. B. Jacobs, (1960), "The Chemical Analysis of Air
Pollutants," Chemical Analysis, Vol 10, Intersc.ie.nce
Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y., p'219.
44101 82 TOTAL OXIDANT-GAS BUBBLER-FERROUS OXIDATION
Air is filtered through a Whatman No. 4 paper at 1 cfm
then bubbled through two impingers in series containing
the absorbing reagent. The abcorbance is .determined
with a blue filter and a colorimeter. The standard is
made by oxidizing the absorbing reagent with known
amounts of H-O- and reading the absorbance.
1. ^ M. B. Jacobs, (1960), "The Chemical Analysis of Air
Pollutants," Chemical Analysis, Vpl 10, Interscience
Publishers Inc., New York, N. Y., p 228.
44201 11 OZONE - INSTRUMENTAL-CHEMILUWINESCEMCE
The Federal Register describes this method. Ozone ozonizes
ethylene and the excited molecule emits a spectrum peaking
at 450 ran. A photornultiplicr tube is used to measure the
chemilvuninescence.
1. "A Chemiluminesconce Detector for Ozone Measurement,"
BureiAi of Mines Report of Investigation RI-76.r;o, United Ptatcr.:
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Department of the Interior, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
2. "Rules and Regulations," Federal Register Vol 36,
No. 228, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
(Nov. 25, 1971), p 22392.
44201 13 OZONE - INSTRUMENTAL - COULOMETRIC
This method is similar to method 44101 13.
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APPENDIX D
Reasons for Ranking the Methods as
'Tentatively Acceptable" and "Mot Acceptable"
CO 42101 12
COULOMETRIC
Interferences with this method include mcr-
captans, hydrogen sulfide, olefins, acetylenes,
and v/ater vapor. Although these interferences
may possibly be minimized by means of scrubbers,
the slow response, need for careful column prepa-
ration, and the need for well controlled
temperatures and flow rates make this an undesir-
able procedure.
CO 42101 21
FLAME•IONIZATION
Although when carefully maintained, this pro-
cedure yields good data, because the stripper
column must be checked frequently with known
gas mixtures, agencies cannot be encouraged
to adopt the method at this time.
S02 42401 11
COLORIMETRIC
Although this instrumental procedure uses the
West-Gaeke reagent, it has not been accepted as
reference method. Ozone may interfere.
S02 42401 13
15
31
33
COKDUCTIMETRIC
AUIOMETER
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
SEQUENTIAL COI7DUCTIMETRIC
All of these methods are conductiinetric and as
such are non-.specific for S02.
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S02 42401 14
—2—
COULOMETRIC
Lack of specificity is the chief criticism
of this method.
S02 42401 92
WEST-GAEKE BUBBLER
Oxides of nitrogen interfere. The interference
can be eliminated by adding sulfamic acid to the
solution, in which case the method is then S^o"
West-Gaeke-Sulfainic Acid and is reported under
code number 42401 91.
S02 42401 93
CONDUCTIMETRIC BUBBLER
The method lacks specificity.
N02 42602 71
J-H BUBBLER (orifice)
N02 42602 91 J-H BUBBLER (frit)
.The objections to these methods have been detailed
in 38 FR 15174 (June 8, 1973): The collection
efficiency is a function of N02 concentration
and the presence of NO introduces a positive in-
terference.
N02 42602- 72
SALTZMAN
This manual method suffers from interferences
from S02, ozone, PAN, and prolonged exposure
to light.
N02 42602 94
95
96
SODIUM ARSENITE
TEA
TGS
These manual methods are either candidates for
the MOp reference method(s) or are presently
being investigated for their characteristics.
We cannot state at this time which if any will
be acceptable. liany agencies, however, are
using the sodium arsenitc method, despite, the
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-3-
known NO interference.
TOTAL 0. 44101 11 ALKALINE KI-INSTRUMENTAL
The alkaline KI method produces such variable
results in different hands that data from one
site cannot be compared with data from another.
TOTAL 0 44101 13 MAST MODEL 742-2
15 COULOMETRIC
These coulometric methods yield data different
from the neutral buffered KI reference method
and the difference varies from site-to-cite
because the mix of oxidants differs from site-
to- site.
TOTAL Ox 44101 51 PHENOLPHTHALIN
The phenolphthalin method yields values of
total oxidant approximately twice those ob-
tained by the reference method, neutral buffered
KI. The relation is unexplained. .
TOTAL 0 44101 81
ALKALINE KI BUBBLER
The limitations and objections to this method
are the same as those listed under method 11,
the instrumental method.
TOTAL O 44101 82
This is an insensitive method, the results
always indicating lower results than those ob-
tained by the neutral-buffered KI technique.
OZONE 44201 13 COULOMETRIC
This method is riot specific for ozone.
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