EMISSION FACTOR DOCUMENT FOR AP-42:
SECTION 1.10, RESIDENTIAL WOOD STOVES
FINAL DRAFT
Prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
EPA Project Officer: Michael Hamlin
Prepared by:
George E. Weant
Engineering-Science, Inc.
One Harrison Park, Suite 305
401 Harrison Oaks Boulevard
Gary, North Carolina 27513
December 1991
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The emissions from the combustion of wood in wood stoves
have become the subject of intensive investigation in recent
years. The reasons for this investigation are increased use
of wood as a source of heat for residences, the small size
of the particles emitted, the large amount of particles and
other pollutants emitted, and the high human exposure to
these emissions.
A New Source Performance Standard (NSPS) has been
developed for wood stoves, and many studies have been
conducted to refine emission factors for the stoves. The
initial emission factors were developed using emissions data
generated in laboratories during the certification of new
stoves. Laboratory conditions and methodologies provide for
idealized combustion in the stoves, and emission values less
than those achieved in residential operation are usually the
result.
The last emission factors were developed based an data
from selected Phase I stoves believed to be Phase II
certifiable. This data was collected from a number of field
studies conducted in homes where homeowners operated their
stoves under varying conditions of weather, inside comfort
levels, and types and conditions of wood. Since the
previous emission factors were published, additional field
studies have been completed. The tests performed on Phase I
and Phase II stoves installed in residential homes have
resulted in a new set of emission factors based on
homeowner's operation.
This report describes the emissions data base; the
calculation of emission factors for particulate matter,
carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and
volatile organic compounds; and the emissions of specific
elements and organic species. The actual data bases are
included in the appendices.
-------
2.0 PROCEDURES FOR REVISION OF EMISSION FACTORS
Since the development of a NSPS for wood stoves, large
amounts of emissions data were collected. Initial emission
factors were developed using emissions data collected in
laboratory environments using EPA Method 28 for operation of
the stove. The first home studies were conducted on Phase I
stoves certified for Phase II. Since several field studies
have now been conducted on Phase I and Phase II stoves and
large amounts of data have been collected, the emission
factors can now be appropriately revised to estimate actual
emissions from wood stoves.
This section describes the emissions data base, the
procedures used to calculate new emission factors, the
emission factors for criteria pollutants, and the emissions
of other pollutants.
2.1 Data Collection
Several field studies of emissions from wood stoves
operated in residences have been conducted since 1985 in
North America. Eight field test studies have been
performed, and the emission measurement results have been
used as the data base for calculating the emission factors
for PM-10 and carbon monoxide. The results of a ninth
study, known as the BEST stove/retrofit study, were not used
in the calculations because the stoves used for the study
are prototypes and are not commercially available. Table 2-
1 summarizes the pertinent points of these studies, and
brief descriptions follow the Table.
TABLE 2-1. SUMMARY OF FIELD STUDIES
Field
Study
Number and
Type of
Location Stoves
Heating
Season
Type of
Sampler^
NCWS I
VT & NY
Whitehorse Yukon,
Canada
Northwest OR
17 CAT, 11 1985-1986
NC,
10 AR, &
6 CON
See below 1986-1987
(Section 2.1.2)
2 CAT,
2 NC,
& 2 CON
1986-1987
AWES
AWES
AWES
-------
NCWS III VT & NY
15 CAT Sc
10 NC
1988-1989 AWES
Crested CO
Butte I
Crested CO
Butte II
11 CON
11 CAT,
5 NC,
& 7 CON
1988-1989 VPI
1989-1990 VPI
Klamath
Falls3
OR
3 CAT,
3 NC,
& 6 CON
1989-1990
AWES
Pellet
OR
6 PEL
1989-1990
1990-1991
AWES
1CAT=catalytic; NC = noncatalytic; AR = add-
on, retrofit catalytic; CON = conventional; and PEL =
pellet
^Sampler types are described in Appendices A and B.
3Two studies conducted by two different sponsors.
2.1.1 NCWS
The first major field study of wood stove emissions was
conducted in Waterbury, Vermont, and Glens Falls, New York,
over two heating seasons. This two-year study in 66 homes
is commonly referred to as the Northeast Cooperative
Woodstove Study (NCWS). Creosote deposition and wood use
were also measured in 20 of the houses.
2.1.2 Whitehorse Study
The Whitehorse Efficient Woodheat Demonstration study was
conducted in Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, during the 1986-1987
heating season. Each of fourteen home's conventional
stoves was replaced by newer technology after three, one-
week tests. Five one-week tests were then conducted on the
stoves using the AWES samplers.
2.1.3 Northwest Study
A field study conducted in Portland, Oregon, during the
1986-1987 heating season was termed the Northwest Study.
Four different models which were certified to the EPA 1988
standard were used in the tests.
2.1.4 MOWS III
The Northeast Cooperative Woodstove Study III was
conducted during the 1988-1989 heating season. Phase II of
the NCWS conducted during 1987-1988 did not involve emission
-------
tests. Twenty-five stoves were tested in Glens Falls, New
York. All of the stoves (five different models) had been
certified to 1988 standards (Phase I) and were judged to be
capable of meeting the 1990 standards (Phase II) . In this
study, a sensor was added to the catalyst bypass handle to
record the time of catalyst activation.
2.1.5 Crested Butte I Study
The Crested Butte I study was conducted in Crested Butte,
Colorado, in 1988-1989.6 Eleven conventional and two
catalytic stoves were tested. A new sampler developed by
Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) was used in this
program.
2.1.6 Crested Butte II Study
The second phase of the Crested Butte study was conducted
during the 1989-1990 heating season. The same sampling
system was employed on 25 houses. 9 were Phase I and 1 was
Phase II certified, and 9 were uncertified.
2.1.7 Klamath Falls Study
Klamath Falls, Oregon, was the site of two studies
conducted during the winter of 1989-1990.'9 Three
noncatalytic stoves were not certified. The other nine
stoves were certified to EPA's 1990 (Phase II) standards.
2.1.8 Pellet Study
During the winter of 1989-1990, the Bonneville Power
Authority sponsored a field-test study of two different-EPA
certified Phase II pellet stove models.10 The study
continued during the 1990-1991 season under EPA sponsorship
to study emission from pellet stoves exempt from EPA's
certification requirements.
2.2 The PM-10 Emissions Data Base
The emissions data base for PM-10 is composed of field
test data of certified wood-burning stoves which were
operated by homeowners in their residences. The field tests
were performed using one of two sampling systems: the AWES
or the VPI samplers. Descriptions of these samplers are
presented in Appendices A and B, respectively.
The emissions data base is divided into four sections:
catalytic, conventional, noncatalytic, and pellet-fired.
The four sections of the data base are presented in
Appendices C through F. Each section contains information
on the burn rate, the emissions of PM-10, the type of
-------
sampler used, and the emissions converted to Method 5H
(discussed in Section 2.3).
2.3 The Calculation of Emission Factors for PM-10
The field emissions data were collected with two
different types of samplers. The results obtained by the
two samplers are not equal but can be related to a common
sampling method by conversion equations which have been
developed by simultaneous sampling. Since the NSPS data are
based on emissions collected or converted to EPA Method 5H,
the field sampling results were converted to Method 5H.
The conversion factor development for the AWES to Method
5H, the VPI to Method 5G, and the Method 5G to Method 5H are
discussed below.
2.3.1 conversion of AWES to Method 5G
The conversion used for the AWES results as shown in
Figure 2-1 is:
M5G = 0.753 AWES0'96.
This conversion was developed from a series of ten tests
which compared the results obtained by an AWES sampler and a
M5G sampler (see Appendix G) . The small number of
comparison tests does not allow for a high degree of
confidence in the conversion formula.
2.3.2 Conversion of VPI to Method 56
The PM-10 emissions as measured by the VPI sampler are
converted to Method 5G as shown in Figure 2-2 by the
following formula:
M5G
= 0.669 VPI1'0043.
This formula represents the best curve fit for simultaneous
tests using the Method 5G sampling train and the VPI sampler
(see Appendix H). /:L
2.3.3 Conversion of Method 56 to Method 5H
The Method 5G emissions data are converted to Method 5H
results as shown in Figure 2-3 using:
M5H = 1.619 M5G°'905.
This formula represents the best curve fit for a relatively
large data base of 5G/5H comparison tests (see Appendix
I).2'11-1-4
-------
25-
20-
V)
V)
LU
8 10H
Q_
LU
5H = 0.753(AWES)
0.96
IHI
IS)
10 15 20
AWES EMISSIONS (g/hr)
Figure 2-1. Conversion of AWES Emissions to EPA Method 5G
25
30
-------
CO
g
CO
CO
LJJ
CD
in
Q
O
I
LJJ
80-
70-
60-
son
40-
20-
10-
5G = 0.669(VPI)
1.0043
ISI
ISI
(SI
20
40
60
80
100
120
VPI EMISSIONS (g/hr)
Figure 2-2. Conversion of VPI Emissions to EPA Method 5G
-------
200
20
40
60 80
EPA 5G EMISSIONS (g/hr)
100
120
140
Figure 2-3. Conversion of EPA Method 5G Emissions to EPA Method 5H
-------
2.4 Emission Factors for PM-10
The new emissions factors for PM-10 particulate are
calculated based on a number of recent studies including
Whitehorse, Northwest, NCWSI I, II, and III, Crested Butts I
and II Kalmoth Falls best stove report and pellet studies.
Particulate emissions from wood stoves are composed almost
entirely of condensed organic substances with minor amounts
of solids (e.g., carbon and wood). The particles are very
small. One literature source reported that 95 cercent of
the particles were less than 0.4 jum in size.15^ Another
source noted that the mass mean diameter of the emissions
varied from 0.3 /urn for hot-burn aerosols to 0.6 ;um for cool-
burn aerosols.16 Based on these two citations, a reasonable
assumption can be made that the great majority of
particulate emissions from wood burning stoves are less than
10 /im in size.
The particulate matter emission factors were calculated
using the conversion factors described in Section 2.3.1
through 2.3.3. The data bases in Appendices C through F
were used as the bases for the conversions. The revised
emission factors are presented in Table 2-2.
TABLE 2-2. EMISSION FACTORS FOR PARTICULATE MATTER2'10
(PM-10)
EMISSION FACTOR RATING: B
Emission Factors (g/kg)
Stove
Type
Catalytic
Conventional
NonCatalytic
Pellet
All
Stoves
9.7
14.9
9.3
1.9
Pre-Phase I
11.6
14.9
12.3
—
Phase I
9.4
—
9.5
—
Phase II
7.7
—
7.0
1.9
aPre-Phase I stoves are those stoves not certified to EPA
emission standards. Phase I stoves are those stoves
certified to 1988 EPA emission standards, while Phase II
stoves are certified to 1990 standards. Emissions are
shown as g particulate/kg wood burned.
Dashes = no data.
As mentioned previously, these factors resulted from the
conversion of actual field test data to Method 5H. The
field tests were conducted in homes, and the emission
-------
factors are averages of the individual home averages.
Averages of individual home averages were used to avoid the
inappropriate weighting of the data by those homes where
large numbers of field tests were conducted.
An Emission Factor Rating of B was given to the numbers
because of the large number of tests conducted, and the fact
that field performance is a better indication of actual
emissions than laboratory data.
The factors affecting emissions are both numerous and
varied. In most cases, general statements cannot be made,
especially in regard to an individual stove. Based on the
data bases used in this report and other sources, the
effects of these factors on the emissions are described
below.
1. Burn Rate - Based on linear regression analyses of the
particulate emissions versus burn rates, the following
results for increasing burn rate are presented.
Stove Type Emissions Effect fq/hr)
Catalytic Increase
Conventional Increase
Noncatalytic Increase (slight)
Pellet Decrease
For individual stoves, some emissions increase and
some decrease with increased burn rates. Graphical
representations of the effect of burn rate on
emissions are shown in Figures 2-4 to 2-7.
2. Wood Moisture - Various references and past data show
variable emission effects with varying moisture
levels. One reference states that emissions increase
with increased wood moisture for noncatalytic
stoves.17 Another reference states that the lowest
particulate emissions occur in the 25-35 percent (dry)
moisture range. Emissions decrease as moisture
increases below 25 percent and increase as moisture
increases above 35 percent.15
An examination of the emissions data base from
previous laboratory studies shows mixed results based
on linear regressions of emissions versus wood
moisture.18
Stove Type & Moisture Range Emissions Effect (q/hr)
Catalytic (10.4-25.1%) None
Conventional (10.4-23.0%) Increase (slight)
Noncatalytic (20.0-23.0%) Increase
Pellet (2.4-12.7%) Decrease
-------
Wood Load - Two literature sources for catalytic and
noncatalytic stoves show an increase in oarticulate
emissions with increased wood loading. 5'17 The lab
data in the old documentation report verifies the
literature results for catalytic, conventional, and
noncatalytic stoves.18
4. Firebox Size - The literature and the old data base
show increased emissions with 1
catalytic and noncatalytic stoves.
show increased emissions with larger fireboxes for
. 15,18
5. Wood Piece Size - The literature reports an increase
in particulate emissions with a decrease in wood size
for catalytic and noncatalytic stoves.
2.5 Emission Factors for Carbon Monoxide
The emission factors for carbon monoxide have been
modified based on the field testing of homes. All homes
tested by the VPI Test Method were included in the data base
for CO. The factors are direct measurements without
conversions and are taken with the VPI sampler. The AWES
sampler can not measure carbon monoxide.
The revised carbon monoxide emission factors are
presented in Table 2-3. The data base is shown in Appendix
J. ' The factors are averages of individual home averages
as explained in Section 2.4.
TABLE 2-3. EMISSION FACTORS FOR CARBON MONOXIDE6'7
EMISSION FACTOR RATING: B
Emission Factors (g/kg)
a
Stove
Type
Catalytic
Conventional
Noncatalytic
Pellet
All
Stoves Pre-Phase I Phase I
52.4 52.2
115.4 115.4
70.4
19.7
Phase II
53.5
70.4
19.7
aPre-Phase I stoves are those not certified to EPA emission
standards. Phase I stoves are those stoves certified to
1988 EPA emission standards, while Phase II stoves are
certified to 1990 emission standards.
Dashes = no data.
-------
An Emission Factor Rating of B is given to the factors
because the numbers are taken from field test data. A
rating of A can be given when more field test data are
available.
The factors affecting emissions are discussed below.
1. Burn Rate - Based on linear regressions of the carbon
monoxide emission versus burn rates, the following
results for increasing burn rate are presented.
Stove Type Emission Effect (g/hr)
Catalytic Increase
Conventional Increase
Noncatalytic Increase
Pellet fired Decrease
For individual stoves, some emissions may increase and
some may decrease with increased burn rate. Graphical
representations of the effect of burn rate on
emissions are presented in Figures 2-8 to 2-11.
2. Wood Moisture - According to the literature, an
increase in wood moisture yields lower CO emissions
for noncatalytic stoves.15 An analysis of the
laboratory emissions data supports this conclusion for
conventional and noncatalytic stoves. For catalytic
and pellet-fired stoves, the opposite appears to be
true.18
3. Wood Load - The literature states that an increase in
wood load results in increased emissions for both
catalytic and noncatalytic stoves.15'18
4. Firebox Size - An examination of the laboratory
emissions data base shows increased emissions with
increased firebox size for catalytic and conventional
stoves, decreased emissions for noncatalytic stoves,
and no data for pellet stoves.18
5. Wood Piece Size - The literature reports a decrease in
CO emissions with increased wood-piece size for both
catalytic and noncatalytic stoves.15
Carbon monoxide emissions from wood stoves are cyclical
during a stove burn cycle. Typically, the emissions are
high during the initial stages of the burn. They then drop
to lower levels and spike upwards several times during the
remaining portions of the burn cycle. Figure 2-12 shows a
continuous recording of the CO emissions during a laboratory
test of a catalytic stove using EPA Method 28 procedures.
-------
2.6 Emission Factors for Nitrogen Oxides
The field emission tests did not collect nitrogen oxide
emissions data. Therefore, the old emission factors have
been retained along with the old Emission Factor Rating of
E.
2.7 Emission Factors for Sulfur Oxides
The field emission tests did not collect sulfur oxide
emissions data. The quantity of sulfur oxides emissions is
dependent on the sulfur content of the fuel, typically 0.01
to 0.1 percent (weight). 5/17/1 Emissions are expected to
be low and in the range of the factors previously presented.
Therefore, the old factors and rating have been retained.
2.8 Emissions of Elements
Elements may be emitted from the wood matrix during the
combustion/pyrolysis of the wood. For noncatalytic stoves,
elemental emissions are shown in Tables 2-4 through 2-6.
Emissions of other elements were reported for fir and
adler.16 The results are shown in Table 2-7.
2.9 Organic Emissions
Organic emissions result from the release of organic
components from the wood during combustion/pyrolysis. Two
categories of organic emissions, volatiles and condensibles
(normally included in the PM catch), can be emitted in wood
smoke.
2.9.1 Volatile Organic compound (VOC) Emission Factors
New VOC data were not collected in the field studies.
Therefore, the old emission factors and Emission Factor
Rating of D were retained.
The emission factors, shown in Table 2-8 were evolved by
combining measures of GI to C-j or C2 to C-7 with the total
chromatographable organics (TCO) analyses. 2/2° The TCO's
provide a semi-quantitative measure of organics with boiling
points between 100° and 300°C. The small number of data
points prevents a higher Emission Factor Rating.
-------
60-
50-
40-
CO
z
o
CO
CO
:>
LU
O
20-
10-
0-
IS!
IE!
IE)
y = 9.81x + 0.17
0.5
1.5
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
2.5
Figure 2-4. Effects of Burn Rate on PM-10 Emissions - Catalytic Stoves
-------
80
70-
60-
CO
o
8
UJ
o
^ 30-
Q_
20-
10-
El
IS!
El
El
El IS!
El
ISJ
IS!
y = 6.82x +13.60
0.5
1.5 2
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
2.5
Figure 2-5. Effects of Burn Rate on PM-10 Emissions - Conventional Stoves
-------
40-
35-
30-
CO
Z
o
8
LJJ
O
i 15H
D_
10-
5-
y = 0.46x + 10.91
0.5
1 1.5
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
2.5
Figure 2-6. Effects of Burn Rate on PM-10 Emissions - Noncatalytic Stoves
-------
2.5-
2-1
CO
z
o
LU
O
T—
I
H
0.5-
IS1
IS)
y = -2.51 x + 2.87
ISI EJ
IEI
IS)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 0.5 0.6
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
0.7
0.8
0.9
Figure 2-7. Effects of Burn Rate on PM-10 Emissions - Pellet Stoves
-------
120-
100-1
80-
O)
CO
1
CO
^.
UJ
o
O
40-
20-
IS!
IS1
y = 64.82x-12.25
IS!
IE)
El
El
El
El
0.4
0.6
0.8
1 1.2
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
1.4
1.6
1.8
Figure 2-8. Effects of Burn Rate on Carbon Monoxide Emissions - Catalytic Stoves
-------
300-
250-
200-
CO
z
g
CO
CO
s
LLI
o
o
150-
100-
IS)
IEI
IEI
isi isi
is
isi
isi
IS!
is is
H EI
IS!
(SI
y = 84.54X + 40.23
IS!
IS!
IS)
IS!
IE)
50-
ISl
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4 1.6 1.8
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
2.2
2.4
2.6
Figure 2-9. Effects of Burn Rate on Carbon Monoxide Emissions - Conventional Stoves
-------
220-
200-
180-
160-
CO 140-
IEI
CO
CO
LU
O
O
120-
100-
80-
60-
ISI
IS)
IS)
y = 21.56x + 53.58
IEI
IE)
ISI
40-
05
1 1.5 2
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
Figure 2-10. Effects of Burn Rate on Carbon Monoxide Emissions - Noncatalytic Stoves
2.5
-------
45-
-H-
40-
CO
co
C/5
Z
o
CO
LU
O
O
35-
30-
25-
20-
15-
10-
y = -33.77x + 36.17
IEI
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 0.5 0.6
BURN RATE (kg/hr)
0.7
0.8 0.9
Figure 2-11. Effects of Burn Rate on Carbon Monoxide Emissions - Pellet Stoves
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TABLE 2-4. ELEMENTAL EMISSIONS PROM NONCATALYTIC WOOD STOVES17
OAK WOOD
Element
Barium
Cadmium
Iron
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Sulfur
Titanium
Zinc
Cured Oak
Emissions Range
(mg/hr) (mg/kg)
0
0
0
26.
0
8.
0
0.00
0.00
.00-2.
.05-0.
.00-1.
10
53
37
34-228.84
.00-0.
0.00
36-77
.00-0.
0.00
75
.59
05
0
0
0
5.
0
1
0
0.00
0.00
.00-0.
.01-0.
.00-0.
43-21
.00-0.
0.00
.84-7.
.00-0.
0.00
12
04
03
.08
02
Uncured Oak
Emissions Range
(mg/hr) (mg/kg)
0
0
0
0
.11-0.
.00-0.
.00-5.
.00-0.
0.00
86
57
22
65
39.30-247.73
0.00
0.00-88,
26
04
0.
0
0
00-100
.00-0.
.00-6.
.30
.88
35
91
0
0
0
0
8.
0.
0
0
0
.01-0.11
.00-0.04
.00-1.62
.00-0.03
0.00
15-12.21
0.00
00-10.89
.00-3.32
.00-0.04
.00-0.23
TABLE 2-5.
ELEMENTAL EMISSIONS FROM NONCATALYTIC WOOD STOVES
PINE WOOD
17
Element
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Iron
Manganese
Potassium
Sodium
Strontium
Sulfur
Zinc
Cured Pine
Emissions Range
(mg/hr) (mg/kg)
0.00-0.19 0.00-0.01
0.00-10.93 0.00-3.67
0.00-0.18 0.00-0.01
0.00-1.57 0.00-0.07
0.81-2.69 0.11-0.27
0.00-47.54 0.00-1.99
0.00-57.18 0.00-19.19
0.00-0.08 0.00-0.03
0.00-21.93 0.00-0.92
3.01-20.76 0.87-1.01
Uncured
Emissions
(mg/hr)
0.06-0.27
0.00
0.00
0.20-1.10
0.39-1.53
9.67-93.64
0.00-146.13
0.00-0.01
0.00-74.46
0.57-22.46
Pine
Range
(mg/kg)
0.01-0.02
0.00
0.00
0.03-0.06
0.05-0.12
2.86-3.01
0.00-4.47
0.00
0.00-2.28
0.18-0.69
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TABLE 2-6. ELEMENTAL EMISSIONS COMPARED TO BURN RATE
OAK AND PINE WOOD—NONCATALYTIC STOVE
(EMISSIONS IN mg/hr)
17
Element
Barium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Iron
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Strontium
Sulfur
Titanium
Zinc
1.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.00
26.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.36
0.00
0.00
1.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
0.06
0.00
26.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.25
0.05
0.00
1.87
0.23
0.00
10.93
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.00
0.00
0.00
57.18
0.08
0.00
0.00
3.01
Burn Rate (kg/hr)
2.17 2.22 3.53
0.11
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.39
0.00
9.67
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.57
0.11
0.13
0.00
0.00
5.22
0.11
0.00
39.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.35
0.00
0.00
0.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.09
0.00
0.00
98.30
0.00
88.30
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.00
5.31
0.00
0.19
0.00
0.18
1.57
2.69
0.00
47.54
0.00
0.00
0.00
21.93
0.00
20.76
6.83
0.23
0.57
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.65
0.00
247.73
0.00
0.00
0.04
100.88
0.00
6.91
6.92
0.00
0.27
0.00
0.00
1.10
1.53
0.00
93.64
0.00
146.13
0.00
74.46
0.00
22.46
7.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.10
0.53
1.37
228.83
0.75
0.00
0.00
77.59
0.00
0.00
-------
TABLE 2-7. ELEMENTAL EMISSIONS VERSUS MASS EMISSIONS
NONCATALYTIC STOVE
16
Emissions
Element
Chlorine
Potassium
Sulfur
Zinc
Hot
2
4
2
0
Fir Wood
burn
.5
.7
.1
.4
Cool
0.
0.
0.
0.
burn
2
3
1
1
(% of
Hot
2
23
6
0
Total
Alder
burn
.1
.0
.0
.3
Mass)
Wood
Cool
0
0
0
0
burn
.1
.7
.1
.1
TABLE 2-8. VOC EMISSION FACTORS—AVERAGE DATA12'20
EMISSION FACTOR RATING: D
Analysis
Type
TCO
C1-C7
C2-C7
Total VOC*
Total Nonmethane VOC**
Cat
(g/hr)
5.56
18.29
8.68
23.85
14.24
VOC Emissions
Noncat Cat
(g/hr) (g/kg)
30.56
5.51
2.85
36.07
33.41
4.95
8.30
3.65
13.25
8.60
Noncat
(g/kg)
12.30
3.93
2.09
16.23
14.39
*Total of TCO and
**Total of TCO and C2-C7
-------
2.9.2 Organic Species
Wood smoke is composed of a large number of organic
components. Many of these components have been identified,
and some have been quantified.
The tables in Appendices K and L present the results of
two GC/MS scans of the emissions from a catalytic and a
noncatalytic stove, respectively. The scans were
performed on samples obtained from a Soxhlet extraction of
XAD-2 modules used on EPA Modified Method 5 sampling trains.
The GC/MS was operated in an automated mode, and a library
search was conducted against the 40,000 compounds in the
National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST)
reference library.
One study examined the volatile gas composition of wood
smoke.21 In that study, the quantities of the volatile
components were measured from a catalytic stove using an
active and an inactive (uncoated) catalyst. The results are
presented in Table 2-9.
TABLE 2-9. VOLATILE COMPONENTS OP WOOD SMOKE—CATALYTIC
STOVE21
Volatile Component Emissions (ppmv)
Active Catalyst Uncoated
Component Range Average Catalyst
Methane
Ethanol
Benzene
Ethylene
Ethane
Propylene
Propane
l-Butene
n-Butane
700-1500
100-300
100
149-214
50-115
14-22
0.2-17
1-11
1
1100
150
100
185
79
19
8
4
1
1600
300
200
732
117
45
45
9
1
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have received
emphasis in many studies. The results of analyses for
catalytic and noncatalytic stoves are presented in Tables 2-
10 and 2-11, respectively.12'17'21"23
-------
TABLE 2-10. PAH EMISSIONS-CATALYTIC STOVES12'21'22
Substance
(g/kg)
PAH Emissions
(g/hr)
Range
Add-On
Average Catalyst
(g/kg) (g/hr)
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Acridine
Anthracene
Benzo (a) Anthracene
Benzo (b) Fluoranthene
Benzo(g,h, i) Fluoranthene
Benzo (k) Fluoranthene
Benzo (g,h, i) Perylene
Benzo (a) Pyrene
Benzo (e) Pyrene
Carbazole
Chrysene
Coronene
Dibenzo (a ,h) Anthracene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Indeno (1,2, 3cd) Pyrene
3 -Methy Ichlolanthrene
Naphthalene
N i tr onaphtha 1 ene
Perylene
Phenanthrene
Phenanthrol
Phenol
Pyrene
0.006
0.010
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.000
0.004
0.007
0.003
0.055
0.016
0.003
0.001-0.020
0.008-0.032
0.000
0.001-0.002
Trace-0.001
Trace-0.006
0.009
0.000
0.000-0.001
0.000-0.004
0.001
0.000
0.001-0.011
0.002
0.000
0.003-0.011
0.003-0.009
0.000-0.006
0.000
0.017-0.173
0.000
0.001
0.009-0.065
0.000
0.156
0.002-0.010
0.007
0.016
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.009
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.004
0.002
0.000
0.006
0.005
0.003
0.000
0.080
0.000
0.001
0.029
0.000
0.156
0.005
0.009
0.018
0.004
0.008
0.004
0.011
0.001
0.007
0.006
0.004
0.104
0.037
0.007
0.036
0.066
0.018
0.034
0.016
0.045
0.006
0.028
0.021
0.016
0.358
0.133
0.028
-------
TABLE 2-11. PAH EMISSIONS-NON-CATALYTIC STOVES12'17'22'23
PAH Emissions
Substance
(g/kg)
Range Average
(g/hr)
Range Average
Stove With
Secondary Combuster
(g/kg) (g/hr)
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Acridine
Anthracene
Benzo (a) Anthracene
Benzo (b) Fluoranthene
Benzo (g,h, i) Fluoranthene
Benzo (k) Fluoranthene
Benzo (g,h, i)Perylene
Benzo (a) Pyrene
Benzo (e) Pyrene
Biphenyl
Carbazole
Chrysene
Coronene
Dibenzo (a , h) Anthracene
7 , 12-Dimethylbenz (a)
Anthracene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Indeno ( 1 , 2 , 3cd) Pyrene
9-Methylanthracene
7-Methylbenz (a) Anthracene
12-Methylbenz (a) Anthracene
3-Methylcholanthrene
1-Methylphenanthrene
Naphthalene
Nitronaphthalene
Perylene
Phenanthrene
Phenanthrol
Phenol
Pyrene
0.001-0.008
0.009-0.022
0.000
0.002-0.006
Trace
0.000-0.006
0.014
0.000-Trace
0.010
Trace-0.007
0.001
0.011
0.000
0.001-0.012
0.000
0.000-0.005
0.002
0.003-0.006
0.005-0.010
Trace-0.019
0.002
0.001
Trace
0.000-Trace
0.015
0.037-0.110
0.000
0.001
0.010-0.038
0.000
Trace
0.002-0.007
0.005
0.016
0.000
0.004
Trace
0.002
0.014
Trace
0.010
0.003
0.001
0.011
0.000
0.005
0.000
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.007
0.010
0.002
0.001
Trace
Trace
0.015
0.072
0.000
0.001
0.059
0.000
Trace
0.004
0.008-0.713
0.094-0.699
0.000
0.020-0.085
0.006-0.023
0.008-0.086
0.126
0.000-0.001
0.001-0.034
0.004-0.064
0.000
0.009-0.102
0.000-0.049
0.034-0.211
0.035-0.166
0.001-0.0197
0.000
0.706-2.133
0.000
0.113-0.472
0.000
0.000-2.026
0.028-0.189
0.252
0.319
0.000
0.053
0.015
0.051
0.126
0.001
0.018
0.034
0.000
0.053
0.016
0.098
0.088
0.079
0.000
1.235
0.000
0.276
0.000
1.013
0.088
0.002
0.007
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.041
0.014
0.002
0.004
0.018
0.004
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.000
0.006
0.003
0.000
0.109
0.037
0.005
-------
APPENDIX A
AWES SAMPLING SYSTEM
-------
SS3
OUT-
DOORS
SS2
ROOM"
SS1
I MEMORY •
CARTRIDGE
2.PROGRAMABLE
SOFTWARE
3. AUX BATTERY
PACK
4. FAUJRE ALARM
EXHAUST RETURN
THERMO-
_COUPUE2
TO STOVE
CATALYST
THERMOCOUPLE 1
INLET
Data LOG'r
t
T
AWES
FIGURE I. SCHEMATIC AWES/DATA LOGGER SYSTEM
-------
APPENDIX B
VPI SAMPLING SYSTEM
-------
•""' "^
SAMPLE TANK
70 -LITER
t ^
L
• c
1
A
c/
!^-DF
SOLENOID VALVE
, 1 K
*^. . V JJAC
^^ V • ' FIL
METERING VALVE \ .
FLOW v, .
CONTROLLER "* — ^^.
"^VACUUM GAUGE
DUAL 47mm
FILTER UNIT
n /
1 /
-r- IX
r ^^
k
rERP CONDENSATE TRAP
y
^^•r-^ \^
db ' \ '
L TEMPERATURE
TIMER CONTROLLER
QUARTZ PRODE
THERMOCOUPLE
QUICK CONNECT
(FOR EVACUATION, PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS, SAMPLE RECOVERY)
-------
QUART! PROBE
«AHHE TAJIK
70 LITER
CONTROLLER
HETER1MO VALVE
VACUUM GAUGE
1-WAt VALVE
QUICK COHHCCT
(FOR EVACUATIOH, PRESSURE fcEASUREMEHTS, SAHfLE 1ECOVERY)
"B" Sample >
Probe
T/C
Stove
Stack
VPI SAMPLE TRAIN SCHEMATIC
DUAL VPI TRAIN
STACK SCHEMATIC
-------
OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR THE VPI SAMPLER
SAMPLER SETUP IN THE LABORATORY
Evacuate sampler to about 2 torr
Renew' the dessicant (Gas -from filter'set -flows up through the Drierite)
Weigh -filters, connector tube, probe, and line. (Use anti-static device)
Assemble -filter set, line, and probe (line should impinge against inside
wall o-f trap about 2 to 5 cm above the trap bottom; note that a little
spit on the outside o-f the connector tube will make it slide in more
easily)
Install -filter set and perform leak check at 4 inches water
Set sampler -flow rate using bubble flowmeter with protective -filter
Close three-way valve in preparation -for transport
Cap probe
Check that controller is set at desired setpoint
Record sampler pressure, hourmeter reading
SAMPLER DEPLOYMENT
Drill holes -for probe and thermocouple 1 ft -from collar
Use strain relief for mounting probe and TC
Weigh woodpile and take moisture reading samples
Open, three way valve when ready to begin sampling
SAMPLER RETRIEVAL
Close three way valve
Remove probe and TC, cap probe
Weigh remaining woodpile
Transport sampler to laboratory
SAMPLER WORKUP IN THE LABORATORY
Record sampler pressure, temperature, and hourmeter reading .-•
(Evacuate pressure sensor line before applying to tank)
Hook up gas analyser sample pump, start pump
Check for leaks (3 way valve is closed)
Close flow control valve on -sample pump
Open three way valve to sample pump
Adjust pump flow rate
Obtain CO and C02 readings (02 optional)
Close ball valve
Perform leak check
Measure flow rate using bubble flowmeter (optional)
Start evacuating tank with vacuum pump
Place trap in bcnchtop mounting block (filters, line connected)
Remove•stopper
Remove filters and connector tube from stopper
Check for rubber particles, replace stopper
Note: Hands should be clean and dry for probe and line workup
Flush probe and line with 10 to 15 ml pure acetone
(Use a slow steady 'flow so that no material escapes the trap as the
acetone enters the trap through the line)
-------
Loosen 1/8" Swagelol: nut and pull back sample line slightly if.it (end Of
line) is submerged
Start N2 -flow at probe tip (0.5 1pm)
Disassemble -filter set, get wet weights of filters and connectors
Wipe off exterior of connector with acetone
Filters and connector tube into dessicator
After N2 flows 10 minutes, disconnect line from probe union
Scrape and clean outside of probe '
(be careful not to get material into probe, use acetone and lens paper)
De staticize (DS) probe and weigh
Disconnect tubing from trap, clean exterior with acetone and lens paper
Coil up tubing, DS and weigh
Reassemble probe to sample line and continue N2 purge for 10 minutes
(Line need not terminate in trap during this or subsequent purges)
Repeat probe/line weighing until constant weight is achieved
Record final probe and line weights
Clean inside of probe if desired
Store probe and line in clean cabinet
DS dessicated petri dish
Pour trap contents into petri dish ^
Rinse trap once or twice with acetone, adding wash to petri dish
Set petri dish in non—dusty environment to dry (non-airtight' covering)
After ca. 12 hr of drying, place petri into dessicator
Weigh filters, connector tube, and petri to constant weight using DS
procedures for petri
(first weighing recommended 24 hr after initial workup, then at & to 12 hr
intervals)
9/17/89
-------
APPENDIX C
PM-10 EMISSIONS DATA BASE - CATALYTIC STOVES
-------
APPENDIX C
EMISSIONS FROM CATALYTIC STOVES
STOVE
NO.
Y01
Y01
Y01
Y02
Y02
Y02
Y02
Y02
Y03
Y03
Y03
Y03
Y03
Y05
TEST
NO.
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.86
0.69
0.84
2.51
2.19
2.50
2.00
1.76
0.69
0.87
0.73
0.85
0.74
1.27
1.27
1.23
1.13
0.79
PM EMISSIONS CO EMISSIONS
(9/hr)
4.4
2.7
4.2
9.8
8.1
10.5
17.0
19.0
4.8
11.6
2.9
5.0
4.9
7.5
7.6
11.6
14.9
8.1
(a/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
5.1
3.9
5.0
3.9
3.7
4.2
8.5
10.8
7.0
13.4
4.0
5.9
6.6
5.9
6.0
9.4
13.2
10.3
PM
METHOD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H ADJUSTED
g/hr
4.5
3.0
4.4
9.1
7.7
9.7
14.7
16.2
4.9
10.5
3.2
5.1
5.0
7.2
7.3
10.5
13.1
7.7
g/kg
5.3
4.3
5.2
3.6
3.5
3.9
7.3
9.2
7.1
12.2
4.4
6.0
6.7
5.7
5.8
8.5
11.6
9.8
g/hr
3.1
2.0
3.0
6.7
5.6
7.2
11.4
12.7
3.4
7.9
2.1
3.5
3.5
5.2
5.3
7.9
10.1
5.6
TO5G
g/kg
3.6
2.8
3.6
2.7
2.6
2.9
5.7
7.2
5.0
9.1
2.9
4.2
4.7
4.1
4.2
6.4
8.9
7.1
C-1
-------
STOVE
NO.
Y07
Y09
Y10
Y12
Y13
Y14
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
BURN
TEST RATE
NO. (kg/hr)
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
CO EMISSIONS
PM
METHOD
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
0.92
1.17
1.16
0.94
0.93
1.53
1.52
1.22
0.95
1.04
1.12
1.12
0.64
0.88
1.00
1.16
1.02
0.90
1.45
1.53
1.57
1.52
1.09
1.12
1.28
1.33
2.4
2.1
2.9
3.0
4.1
12.2
- 14.7
14.9
10.3
2.9
3.8
5.5
2.7
6.5
4.0
5.7
10.9
8.1
3.2
7.8
8.0
9.1
12.4
5.8
4.1
6.5
2.6
1.8
2.5
3.2
4.4
8.0
9.7
12.2
10.8
2.8
3.4
4.9
4.2
7.4
4.0
4.9
10.7
9.0
2.2
5.1
5.1
6.0
11.4
5.2
3.2
4.9
(9/hr)
(g/kg)
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
2.7
2.4
3.2
3.3
4.3
11.0
12.9
13.1
9.5
3.2
4.0
5.5
3.0
6.4
4.2
5.7
10.0
7.7
3.4
7.5
7.6
8.5
11.2
5.8
4.3
6.4
2.9
2.0
2.7
3.5
4.6
7.2
8.5
10.7
10.0
3.0
3.6
4.9
4.6
7.2
4.2
4.9
9.8
8.6
2.4
4.9
4.9
5.6
10.3
5.2
3.3
4.8
1.7
1.5
2.1
2.2
2.9
8.3
9.9
10.1
7.1
2.1
2.7
3.9
2.0
4.5
2.8
4.0
7.5
5.6
2.3
5.4
5.5
6.3
8.4
4.1
2.9
4.5
1.9
1.3
1.8
2.3
3.1
5.5
6.6
8.2
7.4
2.0
2.4
3.4
3.0
5.2
2.8
3.4
7.3
6.2
1.6
3.5
3.5
4.1
7.8
3.6
2.3
3.4
C-2
-------
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
PM EMISSIONS
CO EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
04
01
02
03
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
01
02
03
04
05
1
4
5
1
3
6
1.35
0.56
1.14
0.34
0.95
1.20
1.14
1.59
1.48
0.86
0.71
1.26
1.50
1.17
0.99
1.07
0.93
0.85
1.07
1.02
1.33
0.84
0.92
1.85
1.47
1.35
6.5
2.3
2.4
0.6
1.9
18.8
10.0
21.4
23.6
10.5
6.5
10.8
17.8
15.8
14.1
7.5
6.3
10.0
19.1
17.2
33.7
9.0
31.4
10.1
11.4
14.3
4.8
4.1
2.1
1.9
2.0
15.7
8.8
13.5
15.9
12.2
9.2
8.6
11.9
13.5
14.2
7.0
6.8
11.7
17.9
16.9
25.3
10.7
34.1
5.5
7.8
10.6
PM
METHOD
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
6.4
2.6
2.7
0.8
2.2
16.0
9.3
17.9
19.5
9.7
6.4
9.9
15.3
13.8
12.5
7.2
6.2
9.3
16.2
14.8
26.6
8.4
25.0
9.3
10.4
12.6
4.7
4.6
2.3
2.5
2.3
13.4
8.1
11.3
13.2
11.2
9.0
7.9
10.2
11.8
12.6
6.7
6.7
10.8
15.2
14.6
20.0
10.1
27.2
5.0
7.1
9.4
4.5
1.7
1.7
0.5
1.4
12.6
6.9
14.3
15.7
7.2
4.5
7.4
11.9
10.7
9.6
5.2
4.4
6.9
12.8
11.6
22.0
6.2
20.6
6.9
7.8
9.7
3.4
3.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
10.5
6.0
9.0
10.6
8.4
6.4
5.9
8.0
9.1
9.6
4.9
4.8
8.0
12.0
11.4
16.6
7.4
22.4
3.7
5.3
7.2
C-3
-------
====== ======= =====
STOVE
NO.
V08
V11
V13
V16
V31
V32
N01
TEST
NO.
7
1
2
4
5
6
7
2
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
4
5
6
7
4
1
5
3
5
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.45
1.22
1.27
0.61
0.79
1.08
1.09
1.02
1.19
1.15
1.10
0.73
1.21
1.18
1.24
1.18
1.29
1.11
1.25
1.28
1.13
1.01
1.12
1.14
0.57
0.78
PM EMISSIONS
CO EMISSIONS
PM
METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
1.7
18.2
20.4
7.6
14.1
13.4
12.7
6.1
6.3
7.0
17.8
19.4
12.4
9.7
12.4
10.5
8.2
19.0
21.8
16.8
15.1
17.7
13.9
11.8
13.0
21.9
1.2
14.9
16.1
12.5
17.8
12.4
11.7
6.0
5.3
6.1
16.2
26.6
10.2
8.2
10.0
8.9
6.4
17.1
17.4
13.1
13.4
17.5
12.4
10.4
22.8
28.1
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
2.0
15.6
17.2
7.3
12.5
11.9
11.4
6.0
6.2
6.8
15.3
16.5
11.2
9.0
11.2
9.7
7.8
16.2
18.2
14.5
13.2
15.2
12.3
10.7
11.6
18.3
1.4
12.8
13.5
12.0
15.8
11.1
10.5
5.9
5.2
5.9
13.9
22.6
9.2
7.6
9.0
8.2
6.0
14.6
14.6
11.4
11.7
15.1
11.0
9.4
20.4
23.5
1.3
12.2
13.6
5.3
9.6
9.1
8;6
4.3
4.4
4.9
11.9
13.0
8.4
6.7
8.4
7.2
5.7
12.7
14.5
11.3
10.2
11.9
9.4
8.1
8.8
14.6
0.9
10.0
10.7
8.7
12.1
8.4
7.9
4.2
3.7
4.2
10.9
17.8
7.0
5.7
6.8
6.1
4.4
11.5
11.6
8.8
9.0
11.8
8.4
7.1
15.5
18.7
C-4
-------
STOVE
NO.
N02
N03
N09
N10
N11
N18
N32
N33
TEST
NO.
6
7
1
3
4
6
7
4
5
6
1
4
6
7
1
5
6
7
2
4
4
5
6
7
5
3
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.74
0.72
1.17
1.05
0.82
1.17
-0.97
1.00
0.97
1.03
1.23
1.31
1.23
1.37
1.46
1.51
1.69
1.58
0.90
0.90
1.37
1.57
1.19
1.40
1.18
1.83
PM EMISSIONS
(9/hr)
21.2
15.9
9.9
7.0
6.9
10.0
8.4
8.1
19.0
24.3
15.7
21.2
17.1
29.6
9.7
23.4
18.2
39.7
14.9
5.5
20.6
41.3
31.6
29.2
19.6
22.3
(g/kg)
28.6
22.1
8.5
6.7
8.4
8.5
8.7
8.1
19.6
23.6
12.8
16.2
13.9
21.6
6.6
15.5
10.8
25.1
16.6
6.1
15.0
26.3
26.6
20.9
16.6
12.2
CO EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
PM
METHOD
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
17.8
13.9
9.2
6.8
6.7
9.3
8.0
7.7
16.2
20.0
13.7
17.8
14.8
23.8
9.0
19.4
15.6
30.7
13.1
5.5
17.3
31.7
25.2
23.5
16.6
18.6
24.0
19.2
7.8
6.5
8.2
7.9
8.2
7.7
16.7
19.4
11.1
13.6
12.0
17.3
6.2
12.8
9.2
19.4
14.5
6.1
12.7
20.2
21.1
16.8
14.1
10.2
14.1
10.7
6.8
4.9
4.8
6.9
5.8
5.6
12.7
16.1
10.6
14.1
11.5
19.5
6.7
15.5
12.2
25.8
10.1
3.9
13.7
26.8
20.7
19.2
13.1
14.8
19.1
14.9
5.8
4.6
5.9
5.9
6.0
5.6
13.1
15.6
8.6
10.8
9.3
14.2
4.6
10.3
7.2
16.3
11.2
4.3
10.0
17.1
17.4
13.7
11.1
8.1
C-5
-------
STOVE
NO.
W03
W14
W07
W11
P02
TEST
NO.
5
5
6
7
8
9
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
7
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5a
5b
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
2.26
0.99
1.05
1.27
1.11
0.86
1.19
0.86
1.09
1.07
0.86
1.72
1.62
1.85
1.48
1.84
1.91
1.64
1.48
1.69
1.07
0.95
0.87
0.79
0.70
0.70
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
34.6
8.6
10.5
6.2
9.0
11.9
6.2
10.0
4.3
15.4
8.2
7.4
7.5
21.0
25.4
13.1
22.0
11.3
12.0
19.4
2.7
4.2
4.7
4.3
3.8
4.9
(g/kg)
15.3
8.7
10.0
4.9
8.1
13.8
-.5.2
11.6
3.9
14.4
9.5
4.3
4.6
11.4
17.2
7.1
11.5
6.9
8.1
11.5
2.5
4.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
7.0
(g/hr)
3IONS PM
METHOD
(g/kg)
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED
g/hr
27.2
8.1
9.7
6.1
8.4
10.8
6.1
9.3
4.4
13.5
7.8
7.1
7.2
17.6
20.8
11.7
18.4
10.3
10.8
16.5
3.0
4.4
4.8
4.4
4.0
5.0
TOSH
g/kg
12.0
8.2
9.2
4.8
7.6
12.5
5.1
10.8
4.1
12.6
9.1
4.1
4.5
9.5
14.1
6.4
9.6
6.3
7.3
9.7
2.8
4.6
5.5
5.6
5.7
7.1
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED
g/hr
22.6
5.9
7.2
4.3
6.2
8.1
4.3
6.9
3.1
10.4
5.7
5.1
5.2
14.0
16.8
8.9
14.6
7.7
8.2
13.0
2.0
3.0
3.3
3.1
2.7
3.5
TO5G
g/kg
10.0
6.0
6.9
3.4
5.6
9.4
3.6
8.0
2.8
9.7
6.6
3.0
3.2
7.6
11.4
4.8
7.7
4.7
5.5
7.7
1.8
3.1
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.9
C-6
-------
STOVE TEST
NO. NO.
P06 1
4
5
40
35
30
61
67
38
44
49
54
51
66
46
57
60
65
59
64
CAT1 19
13
6
2
26
CAT 2 14
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.83
1.61
1.10
1.42
0.96
1.39
. 1.08
1.18
1.08
0.74
0.89
1.66
0.70
1.11
0.57
0.87
1.08
1.12
1.06
0.97
1.23
0.92
0.91
1.09
0.95
0.41
PM EMISSIONS CO EMISSIONS PM
(g/hr)
61.9
31.2
36.8
12.2
13.4
10.3
7.4
7.4
6.1
3.5
8.1
13.4
4.5
4.9
3.0
5.5
7.0
27.0
21.1
11.9
9.0
5.0
6.9
6.7
8.6
1.3
(g/kg) (g/hr)
33.8
19.4
33.5
8.6
13.9
7.4
6.9
6.3
5.6
4.7
9.1
8.1
6.5
4.4
5.2
6.3
6.5
24.0
20.0
12.2
7.3 58.8
5.4 35.9
7.6 33.6
6.1 55.9
9.0 42.7
3.2 13.5
METHOD
(g/kg)
A
A
A
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
47.7 V
38.8 V
36.8 V
51.5 V
44.9 V
32.6 V
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED
g/hr
45.1
24.9
28.7
10.9
11.9
18.5
12.7
12.7
10.0
4.8
14.1
24.8
6.8
7.6
3.8
8.8
11.9
52.3
40.4
21.8
15.9
7.8
11.7
11.3
15.1
0.3
TOSH
g/kg
24.7
15.5
26.1
7.7
12.4
13.4
12.4
11.3
10.2
8.5
16.6
14.6
11.7
7.9
9.4
11.4
11.7
43.7
36.4
22.2
13.2
9.7
13.7
11.0
16.3
5.7
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED
g/hr
39.5
20.5
24.0
8.3
9.1
15.3
• 10.2
10.2
7.9
3.3
11.4
20.7
5.1
5.8
2.4
6.8
9.5
44.7
34.3
18.1
13.0
5.9
9.3
8.9
12.3
-0.6
TO5G
g/kg
21.6
12.7
21.8
5.8
9.4
10.8
9.9
9.0
8.0
6.5
13.5
11.9
9.3
6.0
7.3
9.0
9.3
37.2
30.8
18.5
10.6
7.6
11.1
8.7
13.3
4.1
C-7
-------
STOVE
NO.
CAT 12
CAT 14
CAT 16
CAT 17
TEST
NO.
21
7
27
54
67
61
60
66
57
73
51
129
111
72
120
90
81
100
81
111
65
59
150
90
120
139
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.68
0.42
1.12
1.66
1.18
1.08
1.08
1.11
0.87
0.97
0.70
0.65
0.68
0.95
0.56
0.92
0.97
0.80
0.97
0.68
1.12
1.06
1.16
0.92
0.56
0.60
PM EMISSIONS
CO EMISSIONS
PM
PM EMISSIONS
METHOD ADJUSTED
(g/hr)
3.7
3.3
4.4
13.4
7.4
7.7
7.0
4.9
5.5
5.9
4.5
2.6
3.4
20.5
3.9
8.2
11.3
8.2
11.3
3.4
27.0
21.1
15.0
8.2
3.9
12.8
(g/kg)
5.4
7.9
3.9
8.1
6.3
7.2
6.5
4.4
6.3
6.1
6.5
4.0
5.0
21.7
7.0
8.9
11.6
10.2
11.6
5.0
24.0
20.0
13.0
8.9
7.0
21.4
(g/hr)
18.4
19.5
44.4
67.6
57.2
43.0
30.3
25.5
18.0
22.9
20.6
14.6
18.2
72.9
15.5
33.8
32.8
31.7
32.8
18.2
82.7
86.4
79.0
33.8
15.5
46.6
(g/kg)
27.2
47.0
39.6
40.8
48.4
39.9
28.0
22.9
20.7
23.5
29.6
22.4
26.8
77.1
27.8
36.8
33.7
39.4
33.7
26.8
73.5
81.8
68.1
36.8
27.8
78.0
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
g/hr
5.2
4.4
6.6
24.8
12.7
13.3
11.9
7.6
8.8
9.6
6.8
3.0
4.6
39.2
5.6
14.3
20.6
14.3
20.6
4.6
52.3
40.4
28.1
14.3
5.6
23.6
TOSH
g/kg
9.7
14.3
7.0
14.7
11.4
13.0
11.7
7.9
11.4
11.0
11.7
7.2
9.0
39.5
12.6
16.1
21.1
18.5
21.1
9.0
43.7
36.4
23.6
16.1
12.6
39.0
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr
3.7
2.9
4.9
20.7
10.2
10.7
9.5
5.8
6.8
7.5
5.1
1.7
3.1
33.2
4.0
11.6
17.0
11.6
17.0
3.1
44.7
34.3
23.5
11.6
4.0
19.7
g/kg
7.6
11.6
5.2
11.9
9.0
10.5
9.3
6.0
9.0
8.7
9.3
5.4
7.0
33.5
10.1
13.2
17.5
15.2
17.5
7.0
37.2
30.8
19.7
13.2
10.1
33.0
C-8
-------
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
CO EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
80
89
110
99
89
140
64
80
71
148
147
110
82
92
113
128
74
113
141
119
119
82
92
101
86
78
0.82
0.76
0.71
0.78
0.76
0.60
0.97
0.82
0.79
0.60
0.60
0.71
1.44
1.29
0.97
1.23
1.36
0.97
1.07
1.10
1.10
1.44
1.29
1.03
0.82
0.89
12.2
10.0
11.7
8.8
10.0
13.2
11.9
12.2
11.3
8.6
8.6
11.7
29.9
21.7
18.5
17.4
19.4
18.5
15.0
23.4
23.4
29.9
21.7
17.4
5.9
5.7
14.9
13.2
16.4
11.2
13.2
22.2
12.3
14.9
14.2
14.3
14.3
16.4
20.8
16.8
19.2
14.2
14.2
19.2
14.0
21.3
21.3
20.8
16.8
16.8
7.1
6.4
42.0
30.0
39.5
33.0
30.0
47.0
44.4
42.0
29.4
29.4
29.2
39.5
74.5
91.5
73.7
77.3
53.5
73.7
75.8
77.6
77.6
74.5
91.5
78.0
26.2
26.8
51.1
39.3
55.6
42.1
39.5
78.8
45.6
51.1
37.1
48.8
48.8
55.6
51.9
70.9
76.4
63.0
39.3
76.4
70.8
70.8
70.8
51.9
70.9
75.4
31.7
30.1
V
V
V
V
V
V
v
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
22.4
17.9
21.4
15.5
17.9
24.4
21.8
22.4
20.6
15.1
15.1
21.4
58.2
41.6
35.1
32.9
37.0
35.1
28.1
45.1
45.1
58.2
41.6
32.9
9.6
9.2
27.1
24.0
29.8
20.3
24.0
40.4
22.3
27.1
25.8
26.0
26.0
29.8
37.9
30.6
34.9
25.8
25.8
34.9
25.4
38.8
38.8
37.9
30.6
30.6
12.8
11.5
18.6
14.7
17.7
12.6
14.7
20.4
18.1
18.6
17.0
12.3
12.3
17.7
49.8
35.3
29.7
27.8
31.3
29.7
23.5
38.3
38.3
49.8
35.3
27.8
7.5
7.2
22.7
20.0
25.1
16.8
20.0
34.3
18.6
22.7
21.6
21.7
21.7
25.1
32.1
25.7
29.5
21.6
21.6
29.5
21.3
32.9
32.9
32.1
25.7
25.7
10.3
9.2
C-9
-------
STOVE TEST
NO. NO.
116
96
105
116
86
96
69
JAT21 112
121
112
121
83
131
94
94
103
83
SAT22 117
95
84
134
125
117
125
84
104
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.78
0.92
0.76
0.78
0.82
0.92
0.95
1.33
0.82
1.33
0.82
1.14
1.08
0.80
0.80
1.15
1.14
0.86
1.18
0.89
0.79
0.91
0.86
0.91
0.89
0.92
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
5.7
2.3
5.2
5.7
5.9
2.3
7.0
6.4
7.7
6.4
7.7
18.5
8.7
9.5
9.5
9.4
18.5
10.6
13.3
9.3
7.9
12.4
10.6
12.4
9.3
12.9
IS CO EMISSIONS
kg)
7.3
2.5
6.8
7.3
7.1
2.5
7.3
4.8
9.4
4.8
9.4
16.3
8.1
11.9
11.9
8.2
16.3
12.4
11.2
10.5
10.1
13.7
12.4
13.7
10.5
14.0
(9/hr)
27.7
31.6
27.1
27.7
26.2
31.6
34.6
39.8
30.6
39.8
30.6
69.7
39.1
51.5
51.5
73.9
69.7
48.8
56.8
53.6
39.6
49.7
48.0
49.7
53.6
52.1
(g/kg)
35.5
34.5
35.8
35.5
31.7
34.5
36.5
30.0
37.2
30.0
37.2
61.2
36.3
64.5
64.5
64.0
61.2
56.0
48.0
60.6
50.1
54.8
56.0
54.8
60.6
56.5
PM
METHOD
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr g/kg
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr g/kg
9.2
2.3
8.2
9.2
9.6
2.3
11.9
10.6
13.3
10.6
13.3
35.1
15.3
16.9
16.9
16.7
35.1
19.1
24.6
16.5
13.7
22.8
19.1
22.8
16.5
23.8
13.2
4.4
12.3
13.2
12.8
4.4
13.2
8.6
17.0
8.6
17.0
29.6
14.7
21.6
21.6
14.8
29.6
22.5
20.3
19.0
18.3
24.9
22.5
24.9
19.0
25.4
7.2
1.2
6.3
7.2
7.5
1.2
9.5
8.4
10.7
8.4
10.7
29.7
12.5
13.9
13.9
13.7
29.7
15.8
20.5
13.5
11.0
19.0
15.8
19.0
13.5
19.8
10.6
3.0
9.8
10.6
10.3
3.0
10;6
6.6
14.0
6.6
14.0
24.9
11.9
17.9
17.9
12.0
24.9
18.7
16.8
15.7
15.1
20.8
18.7
20.8
15.7
21.3
C-10
-------
STOVE
NO.
CAT 24
CAT 26
CATS
CAT 12
CAT 14
TEST
NO.
95
123
123
142
115
97
109
133
115
138
130
145
151
156
40
35
30
61
67
38
44
49
54
51
66
46
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.96
0.70
0.70
0.62
0.63
0.77
0.67
0.76
0.63
0.98
1.29
1.03
0.98
1.10
1.42
0.96
1.39
1.08
1.18
1.08
0.74
0.89
1.66
0.70
1.11
0.57
PM EMISSIONS
CO EMISSIONS
PM
PM EMISSIONS
METHOD ADJUSTED TO 5H
(g/hr)
10.7
5.9
5.9
7.5
5.4
4.5
5.5
5.8
5.4
13.7
16.3
18.3
21.0
21.3
12.2
13.4
10.3
7.4
7.4
6.1
3.5
8.1
13.4
4.5
4.9
3.0
(g/kg)
11.2
8.4
8.4
12.1
8.7
5.8
8.2
7.5
8.7
14.0
12.6
17.7
21.3
19.3
8.6
13.9
7.4
6.9
6.3
5.6
4.7
9.1
8.1
6.5
4.4
5.2
(g/hr)
45.9
32.7
32.7
34.5
32.2
42.3
.37.1
44.1
32.2
81.5
110.6
91.0
82.0
118.0
110.5
61.8
62.8
43.0
57.2
41.1
38.8
47.8
67.6
20.6
25.5
16.7
(g/kg)
48.0
46.5
46.5
55.9
51.3
54.8
55.5
57.7
51.3
83.3
85.7
88.3
83.3
107.1
77.9
64.1
45.1
39.9
48.4
38.0
52.5
53.9
40.8
29.6
22.9
29.1
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
g/hr
19.3
9.6
9.6
12.9
8.6
6.8
8.8
9.4
8.6
25.4
30.7
34.7
40.2
40.8
22.4
24.8
18.5
12.7
12.7
10.0
4.8
14.1
24.8
6.8
7.6
3.8
g/kg
20.3
15.2
15.2
22.0
15.7
10.4
14.8
13.6
15.7
25.4
22.9
32.2
38.8
35.1
15.6
25.3
13.4
12.4
11.3
10.2
8.5
16.6
14.6
11.7
7.9
9.4
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr
16.0
7.5
7.5
10.3
6.6
5.1
6.8
7.3
6.6
21.3
25.8
29.3
34.1
34.6
18.6
20.7
15.3
10.2
10.2
7.9
3.3
11.4
20.7
5.1
5.8
2.4
g/kg
16.8
12.4
12.4
18.2
12.8
8.2
12.0
10.9
12.8
21.3
19.0
27.2
32.9
29.7
12.7
21.1
10.8
9.9
9.0
8.0
6.5
13.5
11.9
9.3
6.0
7.3
C-11
-------
STOVE
NO.
CAT 16
CAT 17
H-1,2
H-3,2
H-6,2
H-1,3
H-3,3
H-6,3
TEST
NO.
57
60
65
59
64
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.87
1.08
1.12
1.06
0.97
1.36
1.02
1.34
0.94
0.95
1.14
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
5.5
7.0
27.0
21.1
11.9
4.9
- 5.0
6.6
8.4
5.5
8.1
(g/kg)
6.3
6.5
24.0
20.0
12.2
3.6
4.9
4.9
8.9
5.8
7.1
CO EMISSIONS PM
METHOD
(g/hr)
18.0
30.3
82.7
86.4
44.4
(g/kg)
20.7
28.0
73.5
81.8
45.7
V
V
V
V
V
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr
8.8
11.9
52.3
40.4
21.8
5.0
5.1
6.5
8.0
5.5
7.7
g/kg
11.4
11.7
43.7
36.4
22.2
3.7
5.0
4.8
8.5
5.8
6.8
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr
6.8
9.5
44.7
34.3
18.1
3.5
3.5
4.6
5.8
3.9
5.6
g/kg
9.0
9.3
37.2
30.8
18.5
2.5
3.5
3.4
6.2
4.1
4.9
AVG.
MAX.
MIN.
S. D.
VAR.
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
ERR
ERR
ERR
NA
NA
C-12
-------
APPENDIX D
PM-10 EMISSIONS DATA BASE - CONVENTIONAL
-------
APPENDIX D
EMISSIONS FROM CONVENTIONAL STOVES
HOME RUN BURN
NO RATE
(kg/hr)
CONV1
CONV3
CONV4
CONV5
CONVO
CONV10
CONV11
1
22
15
e
o
17
21
3
8
14
26
4
.40
.75
.47
.80
.74
.81
.78
.72
2.02
.50
.52
.66
20 1.46
20 1.65
25 1.24
13 1.85
42 1.50
36 1.80
32 1.77
53 1.65
33 1.00
43 2.00
37 1.02
45 1.41
50 1.30
34 1.40
30 1.25
PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide PM
Ernies Ions METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
17.7
10.8
20.4
15.8
20.6
22.8
30.0
23.3
30.2
30.3
47.0
45.1
40.5
61.2
44.1
41.0
35.0
44.1
40.2
55.8
57.3
28.3
35.6
35.5
44.6
45.1
32.1
11.0
6.2
13.0
8.6
11.8
12.6
16.8
13.5
10.4
10.1
31.0
27.1
33.0
37.2
35.5
22.2
24.0
23.3
22.7
33.8
30.1
14.2
18.6
25.2
32.0
32.3
25.6
121.0
130.8
110.1
117.4
131.7
147.3
134.2
133.8
231.6
175.2
184.7
187.0
210.3
245.3
188.0
102.2
100.6
247.1
210.2
245.6
227.6
204.1
203.0
160.6
172.6
172.4
152.3
81.5
70.7
74.8
65.2
75.6
81.5
75.3
77.7
114.8
110.3
121.8
113.1
150.2
148.0
151.4
104.1
127.4
130.8
123.7
148.6
110.6
102.1
105.8
120.2
123.8
123.5
121.6
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr) (g/kg)
21.4
13.1
24.7
10.1
25.0
27.7
36.4
28.3
47.7
36.8
57.2
54.0
60.2
74.6
53.6
40.0
43.6
53.6
48.0
67.0
60.8
34.4
43.3
43.1
54.3
54.0
30.0
14.4
7.4
16.8
10.6
14.3
15.3
20.4
16.4
23.6
23.2
37.7
33.0
41.3
45.3
43.2
27.0
20.2
28.4
27.6
41.1
36.7
17.2
22.6
30.6
38.0
30.3
31.1
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/kg)
12.0
7.3
13.8
10.7
14.0
15.5
20.4
15.8
26.6
20.6
32.0
30.7
33.7
41.7
30.0
27.0
24.4
30.0
27.3
38.0
30.0
10.2
24.2
24.1
30.3
30.7
21.8
V06
8.1 N08
4.2
0.4
5.0
8.0
8.6
11.4
0.2
13.2
12.0
21.1
18.5
23.1
25.3
24.1
15.1
16.3
15.0
15.4
23.0
20.5
0.6
12.6
17.1
21.8
22.0
17.4
Date Appliance
Model
mm/dd/yr Name
(3) 1.50 30.4 10.1
(3) 1.02 26.5 13.8
11/27/80 Wonder wood/coal
11/17/80 Wonder wood/coal
11/07/80 Wonder wood/coal
11/10/80 Ashley Oval
11/18/80 Ashley Oval
11/27/80 Ashley Oval
11/02/80 Ashley Oval
11/10/80 V.C. Defiant
11/16/80 V.C. Defiant
11/30/80 V.C. Defiant
11/03/80 V.C. Defiant
12/07/80 Earth
11/25/80 Earth
11/30/80 Earth
11/16/80 Earth
12/21/80 Ashley Oval
12/16/80 Ashley Oval
12/11/80 Ashley Oval
01/05/00 Ashley Oval
12/12/80 V.C. Defiant
12/22/80 V.C. Vigilant
12/18/80 V.C. Defiant
12/26/80
01/02/00
12/14/80
12/20/80
Fuel
Type/
Species
Pine 2x10
Pine 2x10
Pine 2x10
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine & Oa
Pine & Oa
Plne&Oa
Plne&Oa
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Pine
Plne&Oa
Pine&Oa
Pine&Oa
Spruce
Spruce
Pine
Pine
D-1
-------
HOME RUN
NO
voe
V09
VI 4
N08
N14
N16
W01
W02
W03
W04
1
2
6
6
1
1
2
3
4
e
7
6
7
1
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
8
9
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
2.45
.00
.52
.86
.12
.87
1.45
0.92
1.91
2.19
2.00
2.45
1.57
1.55
1.93
1.32
1.26
1.53
1.58
2.15
1.12
0.79
1.45
1.29
1.46
0.90
0.75
0.56
1.18
1.04
1.31
1.44
1.90
1.25
2.01
1.87
PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide PM
Ernies lone METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
2.9
4.7
12.7
17.3
15.4
16.9
23.5
20.3
32.6
26.6
30.9
34.0
29.0
13.9
49.8
30.4
25.8
33.9
28.1
22.9
25.5
18.0
28.9
17.2
17.3
11.5
17.7
13.1
5.7
8.6
13.3
10.1
40.7
29.2
35.7
26.3
1.2
2.9
8.4
9.3
13.8
10.1
16.2
22.1
17.1
12.1
15.5
13.9
18.5
9.0
25.8
23.0
20.5
22.2
17.8
10.7
22.8
22.8
19.9
13.3
11.8
12.8
23.6
23.4
4.8
8.3
10.2
7.0
21.4
23.4
17.8
14.1
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr) (g/kg)
3.7
6.0
15.5
20.8
18.6
20.3
27.9
24.2
38.2
31.4
36.3
39.8
34.1
16.9
57.4
35.7
30.5
39.7
33.1
27.2
30.2
21.6
34.0
20.7
20.8
14.0
21.3
15.9
7.2
10.6
16.2
12.4
47.3
34.4
41.7
31.1
1.5
3.7
10.2
11.2
16.6
12.2
19.2
26.4
20.0
14.3
18.1
16.2
21.7
10.9
29.7
27.1
24.2
25.9
21.0
12.7
26.9
27.3
23.5
16.0
14.2
15.6
28.3
28.4
6.1
10.2
12.3
8.6
24.9
27.5
20.7
16.6
PM EMISSIONS Date Appliance Fuel
5(3 Model Type/
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/kg) mm/dd/yr Name Speclee
2.1
3.3
8.6
11.6
10.4
11.4
15.6
13.6
21.4
17.6
20.3
22.2
19.1
9.4
32.1
20.0
17.1
22.2
18.5
15.2
16.9
12.1
19.0
11.6
11.6
7.9
11.9
8.9
4.0
5.9
9.0
6.9
26.4
19.2
23.3
17.4
0.9
2.1
5.7
6.2
9.3
6.8
10.8
14.7
11.2
8.0
10.1
9.1
12.2
6.1
16.6
15.1
13.5
14.5
11.7
7.1
15.1
15.3
13.1
9.0
8.0
8.7
15.8
15.9
3.4
5.7
6.9
4.8
13.9
15.4
11.6
9.3
D-2
-------
HOME
WOS
woe
WOT
WOS
woo
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
RUN
NO
1
2
3
4
1
3
4
2
3
4
2
3
4
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
2
3
1
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.67
1.50
1.64
1.73
1.18
1.23
1.31
1.88
2.12
2.57
1.50
1.30
1.00
0.03
0.70
0.88
1.28
1.15
1.44
1.40
1.36
1.00
1.10
1.85
1.42
2.37
2.02
2.02
2.60
1.76
1.44
1.40
1.81
1.85
1.74
1.16
PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide PM
Ernies Ions METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
10.0
14.1
13.4
18.7
10.2
18.8
15.7
32.8
21.5
35.0
22.5
31.3
31.7
18.2
17.7
11.3
28.6
16.5
22.5
24.6
34.0
26.4
40.6
27.1
21.0
10.5
14.1
23.6
18.0
26.7
20.3
24.7
20.4
33.0
26.7
24.7
6.5
8.0
8.2
10.8
16.6
15.3
12.0
17.4
10.1
13.6
15.0
24.1
16.7
10.6
25.3
12.8
22.3
14.3
15.6
16.5
25.7
24.2
36.8
14.6
14.8
4.4
7.0
11.7
7.3
15.2
14.1
16.6
16.2
17.8
15.3
21.3
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr) (g/kg)
13.3
17.1
16.3
22.4
23.0
22.5
18.0
38.4
25.6
40.0
26.8
36.7
37.2
21.8
21.3
13.8
33.7
10.0
26.8
20.2
40.8
31.2
47.0
32.0
25.0
12.0
17.1
28.0
22.6
31.5
24.2
20.3
34.6
38.7
31.5
20.3
8.0
10.7
0.0
13.0
10.8
18.3
14.5
20.4
12.1
15.0
17.8
28.3
10.6
23.5
30.4
15.7
26.3
17.3
18.6
10.6
30.0
28.6
42.8
17.3
17.6
5.4
8.5
13.0
8.7
17.0
16.8
10.6
10.1
20.0
18.1
25.2
PM EMISSIONS Date Appliance Fuel
5Q Model Type/
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/kg) mm/dd/yr Name Species
7.5
0.6
0.1
12.5
12.8
12.6
10.6
21.5
14.3
22.0
15.0
20.5
20.8
12.2
11.0
7.7
18.8
11.1
15.0
16.3
22.8
17.4
26.3
17.0
14.0
7.2
0.6
15.7
12.7
17.6
13.6
16.4
10.3
21.6
17.6
16.4
4.5
6.0
5.5
7.2
11.1
10.2
8.1
11.4
6.8
8.0
10.0
15.8
10.0
13.1
17.0
8.8
14.7
0.7
10.4
10.0
16.8
16.0
23.0
0.7
0.0
3.0
4.7
7.8
4.0
10.0
0.4
11.0
10.7
11.7
10.1
14.1
D-3
-------
HOME
P03
P05
CONV1
CONV10
CONV11
CONV 2
CONV 3
CONV 4
CONV 5
RUN BURN
NO RATE
(kg/hr)
2 .07
3 .04
4 .71
1 .68
2 .20
3 1.02
4 0.64
5 1.25
1 1.37
2 1.12
3 0.04
4 1.01
5 0.02
1.57
2.45
1.60
1.00
1.80
1.13
1.25
1.34
0.84
1.30
0.72
1.57
0.03
1.34
1.43
1.77
0.08
0.84
0.76
0.00
0.70
1.23
1.33
PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide PM
Emlss lon» METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) * (g/kg)
25.7
32.6
28.0
22.3
0.7
10.8
0.5
16.7
20.4
28.7
21.4
27.1
20.0
23.8
22.6
10.5
15.6
35.7
27.6
47.0
61.1
7.3
15.0
10.7
10.2
11.2
26.3
23.7
32.5
17.0
24.3
13.4
22.0
16.7
32.6
46.8
24.0
31.3
16.4
13.3
7.7
10.6
10.1
13.4
21.5
25.6
22.8
26.8
22.7
15.2
0.2
6.6
14.3
18.0
24.3
37.7
45.5
8.7
12.2
14.0
6.5
12.1
10.6
16.6
18.4
17.4
28.0
17.7
23.1
21.2
26.6
35.3
171.3
215.1
166.0
123.5
160.7
160.3
225.0
253.2
60.2
123.0
57.2
143.3
75.8
134.0
122.8
168.8
05.6
102.0
02.8
110.4
85.6
174.0
170.0
100.4
87.6
103.8
113.8
80.0
140.2
181.2
188.6
82.1
05.4
70.7
01.5
81.6
00.8
85.0
05.4
07.0
122.6
122.6
111.6
108.7
142.3
134.0
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr) (g/kg)
30.4
38.2
33.0
26.5
11.0
13.2
11.7
20.1
34.6
33.8
25.5
32.0
24.0
28.0
27.4
12.7
18.0
43.4
33.5
57.2
74.4
8.8
10.3
12.0
12.3
13.5
31.0
28.8
30.5
20.6
20.5
16.2
27.8
20.2
30.6
56.0
28.4
36.7
10.3
15.8
0.5
13.0
12.4
16.1
25.3
30.2
27.1
31.7
27.1
18.4
11.2
7.0
17.3
23.0
20.7
45.8
55.5
10.5
14.8
18.0
7.0
14.6
23.8
20.1
22.3
21.0
35.1
21.3
28.1
25.6
32.2
42.8
PM EMISSIONS
5Q
(g/hr) (g/kg)
17.0
21.4
18.5
14.8
6.7
7.4
6.5
11.2
10.3
18.0
14.3
17.0
13.0
16.1
15.3
7.1
10.6
24.3
18.7
32.0
41.6
4.0
10.8
7.2
6.0
7.6
17.8
16.1
22.1
11.5
16.5
0.1
15.5
11.3
22.1
31.8
15.0
20.5
10.8
8.8
5.3
7.2
7.0
0.0
14.1
16.0
15.2
17.7
15.1
10.3
6.3
4.4
0.7
12.8
16.6
25.6
31.0
5.0
8.3
10.0
4.4
8.1
13.3
11.2
12.5
11.7
10.6
11.0
15.7
14.3
18.0
23.0
(fl/kg)
Date Appliance
Model
mm/dd/yr Name
Fuel
Type/
Species
D-4
-------
HOME RUN BURN
NO RATE
(kg/hr)
CONVB
CONV7
CONV8
CONV9
CONV5
CONV09
CONV11
H-1
H-2
H-3
1.22
1.08
1.03
1.03
1.29
0.91
1.20
0.68
1.81
2.13
2.S2
.67
.69
.03
S3 .65
50 .39
2.18
1.65
1.78
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
47.0
31.5
27.1
26.6
26.4
18.4
21.7
10.0
42.1
22.7
64.4
34.0
45.6
32.6
55.0
44.6
23.6
55.3
51.6
39.1
29.3
26.2
25.9
20.4
20.3
18.0
14.7
23.2
10.6
25.6
20.4
27.0
31.7
33.3
32.0
10.8
34.5
29.0
Carbon M Monoxide PM
Ernies Ions METHOD
(g/hr) (g/kg)
181.1
132.3
126.1
121.8
188.3
128.4
167.5
76.8
226.5
203.1
278.3
189.3
201.7
146.7
245.6
172.6
148.8
123.0
122.0
118.6
145.4
141.3
139.1
112.9
124.9
95.2
118.7
113.6
119.4
143.0
148.6
123.9
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr) (g/kg)
57.9
38.3
32.9
32.3
32.0
22.3
26.3
12.1
51.2
27.5
78.5
41.3
55.5
39.6
67.0
54.3
28.0
63.4
59.4
47.5
35.4
31.9
31.3
24.8
24.5
21.9
17.8
28.3
12.9
31.1
24.7
32.8
38.5
40.6
39.0
12.9
40.9
33.4
PM EMISSIONS
53
(g/hr) (g/kg)
32.4
21.4
18.4
18.0
17.9
12.5
14.7
6.8
28.6
15.4
43.9
23.1
31.0
22.1
37.4
30.3
15.7
35.5
33.2
26.5
19.8
17.9
17.5
13.9
13.7
12.3
9.9
15.8
7.2
17.4
13.8
18.4
21.5
22.7
21.8
7.2
22.9
18.6
(g/kg)
Date Appliance
Model
mm/dd/yr Name
Fuel
Type/
Speclee
AVG
MAX
MIN
SD
VAR
1.43 26.01 18.37 153.24 106.86
2.60 64.40 45.50 278.30 188.60
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NA NA NA NA NA
NA NA NA NA NA
31.01
78.47
0.00
NA
NA
22.06
55.54
0.00
NA
NA
D-5
-------
APPENDIX E
PM-10 EMISSIONS DATA BASE - NONCATALYTIC LOW-EMITTING STOVES
-------
APPENDIX E
NONCATALYTIC STOVES
HOME
Y24
YOB
Y11
Y06
Y04
Run
NO.
02
04
04
05
02
02
05
05
01
02
03
04
01
4
5
01
2
3
05
04
03
02
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.89
1.01
0.63
0.62
1.23
0.82
0.75
0.88
0.55
0.52
0.80
0.37
0.83
0.65
0.70
1.10
0.99
0.90
0.39
0.87
1.40
1.11
PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide
(9/hr)
4.9
8.5
6.8
9.9
12.3
7.5
8.7
12.0
23.5
11.6
10.5
19.2
10.9
6.7
6.9
15.9
10.0
10.9
17.0
10.7
17.5
10.2
Emiss ions
(9/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
5.5
8.4
10.8
16.0
10.0
9.2
11.6
13.6
42.7
22.3
13.1
52.0
13.2
10.3
9.9
14.5
10.1
12.1
44.0
12.3
12.5
9.2
PM
METHOD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr)
5.0
8.0
6.6
9.2
11.1
7.2
8.2
10.8
19.5
10.5
9.7
16.3
10.0
6.5
6.7
13.9
9.3
10.0
14.7
9.8
15.1
9.4
(g/kg)
5.6
7.9
10.5
14.8
9.0
8.8
10.9
12.3
35.3
20.2
12.1
44.2
12.1
10.1
9.6
12.6
9.4
11.1
38.0
11.3
10.8
8.5
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
3.5
5.9
4.7
6.8
8.4
5.2
6.0
8.2
15.6
7.9
7.2
12.8
7.5
4.7
4.8
10.7
6.9
7.5
11.4
7.3
11.8
7.0
(g/kg)
3.9
5.8
7.5
11.0
6.8
6.4
8.0
9.3
28.3
15.2
9.0
34.8
9.0
7.2
6.9
9.8
6.9
8.3
29.6
8.4
8.4
6.3
E-1
-------
HOME
Run
NO.
Y20
Y21
P01
Y16
Y15
Y17
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
03
03
3
04
05
01
02
03
04
02
01
02
03
05
1
03
01
02
03
04
05
02
01
03
04
05
0.72
0.39
1.07
1.00
0.67
1.48
1.36
0.93
1.57
1.37
1.30
1.53
1.40
1.34
0.87
1.32
0.82
0.87
1.18
1.13
0.81
1.11
1.36
0.96
1.05
0.96
4.6
14.3
13.3
4.1
3.7
6.5
7.2
4.2
13.5
14.8
16.1
11.0
13.4
16.3
19.4
13.7
10.8
7.9
10.0
10.4
3.5
7.9
15.0
9.3
9.7
14.4
6.4
36.7
12.4
4.1
5.5
4.4
5.3
4.5
8.6
10.8
12.4
7.2
9.6
12.2
22.3
10.4
13.2
9.1
8.5
9.2
4.3
7.1
11.0
9.7
9.2
15.0
Carbon M Monoxide
Emlss ions
(g/hr) (g/kg)
PM
METHOD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(9/hr)
4.7
12.6
11.9
4.3
3.9
6.4
7.0
4.4
12.0
13.0
14.0
10.1
11.9
14.2
16.5
12.2
9.9
7.5
9.3
9.6
3.7
7.5
13.2
8.7
9.0
12.7
(g/kg)
6.6
32.4
11.1
4.3
5.8
4.3
5.1
4.7
7.7
9.5
10.8
6.6
8.6
10.6
18.9
9.2
12.1
8.7
7.9
8.5
4.6
6.8
9.7
9.1
8.6
13.2
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
3.3
9.7
9.0
2.9
2.6
4.5
5.0
3.0
9.2
10.0
10.8
7.5
9.1
11.0
13.0
9.3
7.4
5.5
6.9
7.1
2.5
5.5
10.1
6.4
6.7
9.7
(g/kg)
4.5
24.8
8.4
2.9
3.9
3.1
3.7
3.2
5.8
7.3
8.4
4.9
6.5
8.2
14.9
7.1
9.0
6.3
5.8
6.3
3.1
4.9
7.4
6.7
6.3
10.2
E-2
-------
HOME
V34
V14
V35
N07
V18
V03
V12
V04
N15
Run
NO.
4
05
2
5
7
5
6
7
7
6
7
5
7
4
5
5
6
05
04
03
7
6
3
4
6
4
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.10
1.15
1.22
0.76
0.92
1.10
1.08
1.26
0.85
1.07
0.90
0.84
0.90
1.09
1.34
1.28
1.38
1.45
1.24
1.13
0.93
0.67
0.90
0.76
0.81
1.19
PM EMISSIONS
(9/hr)
24.1
14.2
17.4
7.9
5.9
24.6
17.3
47.6
17.2
26.3
3.6
12.9
9.4
28.3
7.9
18.3
2.0
15.1
6.2
5.9
11.4
5.2
6.9
14.1
6.5
9.4
(g/kg)
21.9
12.4
14.3
10.4
6.4
22.4
16.0
37.8
20.2
24.6
4.0
15.4
10.4
26.0
5.9
14.3
1.4
10.4
5.0
5.2
12.3
7.8
7.7
18.6
8.0
7.9
Carbon M Monoxide
Emiss ions
(g/hr) (g/kg)
PM
METHOD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr)
19.9
12.6
15.0
7.5
5.9
20.2
14.9
35.9
14.8
21.4
3.8
11.6
8.8
22.9
7.5
15.7
2.3
13.2
6.1
5.9
10.4
5.2
6.7
12.5
6.4
8.8
(g/kg)
18.1
11.0
12.3
9.9
6.4
18.4
13.8
28.5
17.4
20.0
4.2
13.8
9.7
21.0
5.6
12.2
1.7
9.1
4.9
5.2
11.2
7.8
7.5
16.4
7.9
7.4
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
16.0
9.6
11.7
5.5
4.1
16.3
11.6
30.7
11.6
17.4
2.6
8.8
6.5
18.6
5.5
12.3
1.5
10.2
4.3
4.1
7.8
3.7
4.8
9.6
4.5
6.5
(g/kg)
14.5
8.4
9.6
7.2
4.5
14.8
10.8
24.4
13.6
16.2
2.9
10.4
7.2
17.1
4.1
9.6
1.1
7.0
3.5
3.6
8.4
5.5
5.3
12.6
5.6
5.4
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
E-3
-------
HOME
P04
W13
W09
N16
W04
W06
NCAT 23
Run
NO.
1
9
9
5
6
7
8
9
8
6
7
8
5
4
7
8
7
5
6
6
7
9
5
6
04
118
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.29
0.89
0.85
1.29
0.84
0.91
1.06
0.61
0.66
1.35
1.19
0.89
1.01
0.97
1.51
1.20
0.87
1.29
1.08
1.10
1.14
1.11
1.11
0.77
1.31
0.92
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
6.9
17.8
22.2
33.2
18.3
17.1
17.9
10.0
12.6
16.4
22.9
17.5
19.4
10.0
5.3
12.8
10.3
10.5
9.2
4.3
16.1
10.3
19.1
20.9
14.1
7.3
(g/kg)
5.3
20.0
26.1
25.7
21.8
18.8
16.9
16.4
19.1
12.1
19.2
19.7
19.2
10.3
3.5
10.7
11.8
8.1
8.5
3.9
14.1
9.3
17.2
27.1
10.8
7.9
Carbon M Monoxide
Emlss Ions
(g/hr) (g/kg)
75.2
81.3
PM
METHOD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
V
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(9/hr)
6.7
15.3
18.5
26.3
15.7
14.8
15:4
9.3
11.3
14.2
19.0
15.1
16.5
9.3
5.3
11.5
9.5
9.7
8.6
4.4
14.0
9.5
16.2
17.6
12.5
6.9
(g/kg)
5.2
17.2
21.8
20.4
18.6
16.2
14.5
15.2
17.1
10.5
16.0
16.9
16.3
9.5
3.5
9.6
10.9
7.5
8.0
4.0
12.3
8.6
14.6
22.8
9.6
7.4
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
4.8
11.9
14.8
21.7
12.3
11.5
12.0
6.9
8.6
11.0
15.2
11.8
13.0
6.9
3.7
8.7
7.1
7.2
6.3
3.1
10.8
7.1
12.8
13.9
9.6
4.9
(g/kg)
3.7
13.4
17.4
16.8
14.6
12.6
11.3
11.3
13.0
8.2
12.8
13.2
12.8
7.1
2.5
7.3
8.1
5.6
5.9
2.8
9.5
6.4
11.5
18.1
7.3
5.4
CC150
CC150
CC150
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
CC150
CC150
CC150
CC150
E-4
-------
HOME
NCAT 25
NCAT13
NCAT 15
NCAT 15
Run
NO.
87
93
122
114
122
85
—118
132
98
137
126
87
106
127
143
149
135
102
63
114
58
77
47
52
41
62
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.06
1.30
0.96
1.19
0.96
1.36
0.92
1.13
1.12
0.92
0.86
1.86
0.89
2.47
0.72
0.72
0.84
1.36
1.70
1.19
1.84
0.88
1.86
2.06
1.72
0.88
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
5.4
9.6
10.3
8.6
10.3
12.7
7.3
5.5
6.6
6.2
12.1
5.4
5.2
24.3
15.2
18.7
11.8
12.7
6.0
8.6
9.7
5.8
14.7
5.5
4.3
7.1
(g/kg)
5.2
7.3
10.8
7.2
10.8
9.3
7.9
4.9
5.9
6.7
14.0
5.2
5.8
9.8
21.1
25.9
14.0
9.3
3.5
7.2
5.3
6.6
7.9
2.7
2.5
8.1
Carbon M Monoxide PM
Emiss ions METHOD
(g/hr)
79.5
79.5
68.4
70.5
68.4
79.8
75.2
64.5
86.1
79.8
77.3
79.5
72.3
207.8
71.0
83.7
76.0
88.3
83.6
70.5
94.5
56.6
108.9
107.2
98.0
76.4
(g/kg)
75.3
60.4
71.4
59.3
71.4
58.0
81.3
57.2
76.6
86.5
89.4
75.3
81.3
84.1
98.7
115.8
90.1
64.8
49.0
59.3
51.4
64.5
58.5
51.9
56.8
87.1
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr)
5.2
8.8
9.4
8.0
9.4
11.3
6.9
5.3
6.3
5.9
10.8
5.2
5.0
20.4
13.3
16.1
10.6
11.3
5.7
8.0
8.9
5.6
12.9
5.3
4.2
6.7
(g/kg)
4.9
6.8
9.8
6.7
9.8
8.3
7.4
4.7
5.6
6.4
12.6
2.8
5.7
8.3
18.5
22.4
12.6
8.3
3.4
6.7
4.8
6.3
7.0
2.6
2.5
7.6
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
3.6
6.5
7.0
5.8
7.0
8.6
4.9
3.7
4.5
4.2
8.2
3.6
3.5
16.5
10.3
12.7
8.0
8.6
4.0
5.8
6.6
3.9
9.9
3.7
2.9
4.8
(g/kg)
3.4
5.0
7.3
4.9
7.3
6.3
5.4
3.3
4.0
4.5
9.5
2.0
3.9
6.7
14.3
17.6
9.5
6.3
2.4
4.9
3.6
4.4
5.3
1.8
1.7
5.5
CC150
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
REGENCY
E-5
-------
HOME
NCAT13
NCAT 20
H-2,2
H-4,2
H-5,2
H-2,3
H-4,3
H-5,3
Run
NO.
58
63
52
93
70
85
136
91
124
124
108
62
91
155
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.84
1.70
2.07
1.32
1.78
1.36
- 0.56
1.29
0.65
0.65
0.69
0.88
1.29
0.81
0.96
1.5
0.97
0.81
1.2
0.78
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
9.7
5.9
11.6
9.6
10.4
12.7
10.7
13.6
17.9
17.9
12.7
7.1
13.6
11.9
6.6
3.4
6.2
4.9
3.1
5.9
(g/kg)
5.3
3.4
5.6
7.3
5.8
9.3
19.3
10.5
27.6
27.6
18.5
8.1
10.5
14.7
6.8
2.2
6.5
6
2.6
7.5
Carbon M Monoxide PM
Emlss ions METHOD
(g/hr)
94.5
83.6
107.2
79.5
76.7
79.0
51.7
116.7
73.4
73.4
68.1
76.4
116.7
72.1
(g/kg)
51.4
49.0
51.9
60.4
43.1
58.0
93.0
90.2
113.4
113.4
98.8
87.1
90.2
88.8
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
5H
(g/hr)
8.9
5.6
10.4
8.8
9.5
11.3
9.7
12.1
15.5
15.5
11.3
6.7
12.1
10.7
6.5
3.6
6.1
5.0
3.3
5.9
(g/kg)
4.8
3.3
5.0
6.7
5.3
8.3
17.3
9.4
23.8
23.8
16.4
7.6
9.4
13.2
6.7
2.4
6.3
6.2
2.8
7.5
PM EMISSIONS
5G
(g/hr)
6.6
4.0
7.8
6.5
7.0
8.6
7.2
9.2
12.1
12.1
8.6
4.8
9.2
8.0
4.6
2.4
4.3
3.5
2.2
4.1
(g/kg)
3.6
2.3
3.8
4.9
3.9
6.3
12.9
7.1
18.7
18.7
12.4
5.4
7.1
9.9
4.8
1.6
4.5
4.3
1.9
5.3
AVG
MAX
MIN
1.04
2.47
0.00
11.47
47.60
0.00
12.03
52.00
0.00
74.95
207.80
0.00
66.21
115.80
0.00
10.14
35.91
0.00
10.70
44.20
0.00
E-6
-------
HOME Run BURN PM EMISSIONS Carbon M Monoxide PM PM EMISSIONS PM EMISSIONS
NO. RATE Emiss ions METHOD 5H 5G
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
SD 0.39 6.61 8.47 34.78 29.32 5.21 6.97
VAR 0.15 43.74 71.67 1209.45 859.92 27.17 48.65
E-7
-------
APPENDIX F
PM-10 EMISSIONS DATA BASE - PELLET-FIRED STOVES
-------
APPENDIX F
EMISSIONS DATA BASE - PELLET STOVES
RUN
NO.
BM0101
BM0102
BM0103
BM0104
BM0201
BM0202
BM0203
BM0204
BM0302
BM0303
BM0304
BM0401
BM0402
BM0403
BM0404
BK0501
BK0502
BK0503
BK0504
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.85
0.92
0.63
0.63
0.78
0.74
0.74
0.84
0.68
0.72
0.69
0.66
0.78
0.63
0.63
0.78
0.73
0.78
0.78
PM EMISSIONS
CO EMISSIONS SAMP.
METH.
(g/hr)
0.20
0.39
0.44
0.46
1.11
1.23
1.79
1.56
1.81
1.53
1.50
0.44
1.02
0.49
0.63
0.43
0.66
0.96
0.63
(g/kg)
0.23
0.43
0.70
0.74
1.41
1.67
2.41
1.86
2.67
2.12
2.20
0.67
1.31
0.78
0.99
0.55
0.91
1.24
0.81
(g/kg)
12.44
14.38
24.16
21.08
28.88
14.11
21.31
9.12
11.48
(g/hr)
7.79
9.01
17.95
15.23
19.79
8.85
13.51
7.09
8.92
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.4
1.5
2.1
1.8
2.1
1.8
1.8
0.6
1.3
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.9
1.2
0.8
g/kg
0.4
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.8
2.0
2.8
2.2
3.1
2.5
2.6
0.9
1.6
1.1
1.3
0.8
1.2
1.5
1.1
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.8
0.9
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.1
0.3
0.8
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.5
g/kg
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.6
1.1
1.2
1.8
1.4
2.0
1.6
1.6
0.5
1.0
0.6
0.8
0.4
0.7
0.9
0.6
F-1
-------
RUN
NO.
BKO601
BKO602
BKO603
BKO604
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.59
0.50
0.46
0.52
PM EMISSIONS
(g/hr)
0.71
1.72
2.54
1.93
(g/kg)
1.2
3.41
5.51
3.67
CO EMISSIONS
(g/kg)
44.94
44.40
(g/hr)
22.99
23.29
=s— — — :
SAMP.
METH.
A
A
A
A
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5H
g/hr
0.9
2.0
2.8
2.2
g/kg
1.6
4.0
6.1
4.3
PM EMISSIONS
ADJUSTED TO 5G
g/hr
0.5
1.3
1.8
1.4
g/kg
0.6
2.5
4.0
2.7
AVG
MIN
MAX
SD
VAR
0.57
0.00
0.92
0.29
0.08
0.90
0.00
2.54
0.68
0.47
1.44
0.00
5.51
1.27
1.60
16.42
0.00
44.94
14.23
202.57
11.03
0.00
23.29
7.77
60.43
1.05
0.00
2.81
0.78
0.61
1.75
0.00
6.12
1.41
1.99
F-2
-------
APPENDIX 6
COMPARISON TESTS - AWES AND M56 SAMPLERS
-------
APPENDIX G
All values in g/hr as measured (1)
—Method 5G— M5G ave
Train A Train B
0.74
0.74
3.36 2.91
1.48 1.52
2.57 2.38
6.73
12.9
17.4
23.56 23.38
AWES
0.57
0.83
2.41
2.49
3.15
5.30
9.17
10.25
14.00
0.8
0.87
3.5
4.1
4.2
9.25
22.3
22.4
27.8
In 5G vs In AWES
Regression Output:
Constant -0.28393
StdErrofYEst 0.313524
R Squared 0.95042
No. of Observations 9
Degrees of Freedom 7
X Coefficient(s)
Std Err of Coef.
= C*(AWES)~A
0.96024
0.082895
C = EXP(CONSTANT) =
A = X COEFFICIENT =
0.753
0.960
(1) Compiled by R. C. McCrillis, USEPA (AERRL),
Research Triangle Park, NC
-------
APPENDIX H
COMPARISON TESTS - VPI AND METHOD 5G
-------
APPENDIX H
COMPARISON TESTS - VPI AND METNOD 5G
TEST
NUMBER
SH-2
SH-8
SH-7
SH-6
B-3-T
SH-5
SH-1
SH-4
14
6
2
12
CC5-8
5
B-1-T(AK-18)
CC5-2
CC5-4
3
B-2-T
10
C-3-T
C-I-T(HAUGHS)
C-2-T
15
SH-3
CC5-3
CC5-1
CC5-7
CC5-6
A-3-T
4
A-1-T(CC150)
A-2-T
CC5-5
11
D-I-T(ASHLEY)
D-3-T
D-2-T
13
7
1
TEST
LAB
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
VPI
SRI
SRI
VPI
ES
SRI
ES
ES
ES
SRI
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
VPI
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
SRI
ES
ES
ES
VPI
ES
ES
ES
VPI
SRI
SRI
VPI
A
1.0
1.7
1.9
2.3
2.7
1.6
3.1
2.9
4.0
5.0
5.2
7.1
6.6
8.7
10.9
9.4
13.3
12.7
16.6
12.9
16.6
20.8
25.4
15.9
16.4
17.7
22.5
23.3
21.2
25.7
33.2
31.3
30.4
29.3
41.4
38.5
39.6
44.1
71.0
81.5
* ***
RESULTS
B
1.0
1.8
1.7
2.7
2.6
3.3
2.2
4.4
5.3
6.8
7.2
8.9
14.4
10.6
16.1
20.2
23.3
24.2
20.6
35.6
30.7
66.8
80.5
107.6
(9/hr)
AVG
1.0
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.7
2.1
3.2
2.6
4.2
5.2
5.2
7.1
6.7
8.0
9.9
11.9
12.0
12.7
16.6
12.9
16.6
20.8
25.4
15.9
16.3
19.0
22.9
23.8
20.9
25.7
34.4
31.3
30.4
30.0
41.4
38.5
39.6
44.1
68.9
81.0
* * * *
M5G
A
0.59
0.79
1.14
1.32
1.37
1.38
1.42
1.97
3.90
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.50
6.30
7.05
7.45
8.67
10.00
10.14
10.90
11.87
12.23
12.27
12.30
13.53
13.78
14.92
15.77
15.68
17.80
18.80
18.84
20.97
22.69
24.50
26.64
31.56
32.46
45.80
49.20
55.30
RESULTS
B
0.60
0.95
1.13
1.24
1.39
1.46
1.93
4.30
4.30
4.40
5.00
5.52
6.30
7.53
8.90
10.10
11.30
12.30
13.93
13.90
14.78
15.13
15.98
17.80
22.82
26.80
46.40
45.60
53.80
(9/hr)
AVG
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
2.0
4.1
4.4
4.5
4.9
5.5
6.3
7.1
7.5
8.8
10.1
10.1
11.1
11.9
12.2
12.3
12.3
13.7
13.8
14.9
15.5
15.8
17.8
18.3
18.8
21.0
22.8
24.5
26.6
31.6
32.5
46.1
47.4
54.6
ln(VPI)
0.000
0.560
0.588
0.916
0.993
0.742
1.163
0.936
1.435
1.639
1.649
1.960
1.902
2.073
2.293
2.477
2.481
2.542
2.809
2.557
2.809
3.035
3.235
2.766
2.788
2.942
3.131
3.168
3.040
3.246
3.538
3.444
3.414
3.401
3.723
3.651
3.679
3.786
4.233
4.394
4.662
ln(M5G)
-0.519
-0.139
0.127
0.247
0.315
0.326
0.365
0.668
1.411
1.470
1.504
1.589
1.707
1.841
1.953
2.014
2.173
2.308
2.316
2.407
2.474
2.504
2.507
2.510
2.620
2.628
2.698
2.738
2.762
2.879
2.907
2.936
3.043
3.125
3.199
3.282
3.452
3.480
3.831
3.859
3.999
CALC
M5G(1)
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
(1) Based on Regression results.
-------
APPENDIX I
COMPARISON TESTS - METHOD 5G AND METHOD 5H
-------
APPENDIX I
COMPARRISON TESTS - METHOD 5G AND METHOD 5H
BURN PM EMISSIONS
BURN
NUMBER
CB1T
CB2T
CB3B
CB4B
CB1B
CB5B
CB2B
CB1G
CB3G
CB2G
CB4G
CB2H
CB3H
CB4H
CB1H
CB5H
CB2F
CB4F
CB3F
CB1F
SCAE1
SCAE2
SCAE3
SCAE4
SCAB1
SCAB2
SCAB3
SCAB4
SCAF1
SCAF2
SCAF3
SCAF4
SCAG1
SCAG2
SCAG3
SCAG4
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.90
1.22
0.34
0.60
1.09
1.64
2.77
0.89
1.17
1.51
7.17
0.54
0.60
1.08
1.46
3.10
0.55
0.95
1.58
2.02
(9/hr)
OM7
8.01
7.55
2.50
7.98
4.38
3.00
10.51
29.19
33.64
26.88
61.30
21.22
6.96
8.49
8.24
25.95
4.63
20.33
15.96
29.09
2.5
23.5
7.1
1.2
1.35
3.72
3.93
3.75
30.2
41
69
103.7
43.9
66.9
50.1
196
ASTM
4.26
2.18
2.91
4.50
2.32
4.97
8.56
27.37
33.70
22.05
96.79
12.15
19.68
9.10
9.31
20.43
4.17
6.24
13.35
30.30
89
16
3.93
0.46
0.75
1.65
1.81
2.06
18.1
29.1
52.6
83.8
34.1
42.9
38.3
125.7
In(OMT)
2.08
2.02
0.92
2.08
1.48
1.10
2.35
3.37
3.52
3.29
4.12
3.05
1.94
2.14
2.11
3.26
1.53
3.01
2.77
3.37
0.92
3.16
1.96
0.18
0.30
1.31
1.37
1.32
3.41
3.71
4.23
4.64
3.78
4.20
3.91
5.28
In(ASTM)
1.45
0.78
1.07
1.50
0.84
1.60
2.15
3.31
3.52
3.09
4.57
2.50
2.98
2.21
2.23
3.02
1.43
1.83
2.59
3.41
4.49
2.77
1.37
-0.78
-0.29
0.50
0.59
0.72
2.90
3.37
3.96
4.43
3.53
3.76
3.65
4.83
CALCULATE
OM7(1)
6.01
3.28
4.26
6.32
3.47
6.91
11.30
32.36
39.06
26.61
101.49
15.52
24.01
11.94
12.19
24.83
5.89
8.49
16.90
35.48
94.07
19.91
5.59
0.80
1.25
2.55
2.77
3.11
22.26
34.20
58.44
89.08
39.48
48.60
43.86
128.57
1-1
-------
BURN
NUMBER
scon
SCO 12
SCO 13
SCOW
SCO 15
SCOJ1
SCOJ2
SCOJ3
SCOJ4
SCOJ5
SCOJ6
SCOJ7
SCOJ8
SCOJ9
SCOK1
SCOK2
SCOK3
OMNL1
OMNL2
OMNM1
OMNN1
OMNN2
OMNN3
OMNN4
OMNO1
OMNO2
OMNP1
OMNP2
OMNP3
OMNP4
OMNP5
OMNP6
OMNQ1
OMNR1
OMNR2
OMNR3
OMNR4
OMNS1
OMNS2
OMNT1
OMNU1
BURN PM EMISSIONS
RATE (g/hr)
(kg/hr) OM7
17.6
6.3
3.2
22.2
4.8
18
19.5
11.9
17.8
18
15.9
29.4
22
73.8
19.3
23.3
20.6
13.93
22.16
10.45
9.46
11.52
13.65
6.57
8.82
9.1
7.66
7.27
2.1
4.7
8.87
6.45
4.63
6.99
2.23
12.02
3.05
1.28
3.53
3.44
21.35
ASTM
11.3
3.6
2
8.9
2.8
15.4
9.9
8.2
14.2
12.3
15
12.1
16.9
69.1
16.4
17.5
16.4
14.67
17.92
8.86
10.13
9.48
9.94
5.02
5.51
6.32
7.95
5.73
2.02
5.81
6.57
4.44
3.39
4.31
1.82
5.53
2.6
1.05
3.3
2.58
14.14
In(OMT)
2.87
1.84
1.16
3.10
1.57
2.89
2.97
2.48
2.88
2.89
2.77
3.38
3.09
4.30
2.96
3.15
3.03
2.63
3.10
2.35
2.25
2.44
2.61
1.88
2.18
2.21
2.04
1.98
0.74
1.55
2.18
1.86
1.53
1.94
0.80
2.49
1.12
0.25
1.26
1.24
3.06
In(ASTM) CALCULATE
OM7(1)
2.42
1.28
0.69
2.19
1.03
2.73
2.29
2.10
2.65
2.51
2.71
2.49
2.83
4.24
2.80
2.86
2.80
2.69
2.89
2.18
2.32
2.25
2.30
1.61
1.71
1.84
2.07
1.75
0.70
1.76
1.88
1.49
1.22
1.46
0.60
1.71
0.96
0.05
1.19
0.95
2.65
14.53
5.16
3.03
11.71
4.11
19.23
12.89
10.87
17.87
15.69
18.78
15.46
20.92
74.81
20.36
21.59
20.36
18.40
22.06
11.66
13.16
12.40
12.94
6.97
7.59
8.59
10.57
7.86
3.06
7.96
8.89
6.24
4.89
6.07
2.78
7.61
3.84
1.69
4.77
3.82
17.80
I-2
-------
BURN PM EMISSIONS
BURN RATE
NUMBER (kg/hr)
OMNU2
OMNU3
OMNV1
OMNV2
OMNW1
OMNW2
OMNW3
OMNX1
OMNX2
OMNX3
OMNX4
OMNY1
OMNY2
OMN Y3
OMNY4
(9/hr)
OM7
20.89
4.85
39.31
12.06
1.95
3.12
3.63
8.83
7.59
9.97
2.24
3.7
4.55
8.7
2.26
ASTM
15.22
4.2
23.88
9.73
0.93
2.02
3.22
7.09
7.71
7.06
2.74
3.16
3.41
5.75
2.16
In(OMT)
3.04
1.58
3.67
2.49
0.67
1.14
1.29
2.18
2.03
2.30
0.81
1.31
1.52
2.16
0.82
In(ASTM)
2.72
1.44
3.17
2.28
-0.07
0.70
1.17
1.96
2.04
1.95
1.01
1.15
1.23
1.75
0.77
CALCULATE
OM7(1)
19.03
5.93
28.60
12.69
1.52
3.06
4.67
9.53
10.28
9.49
4.03
4.59
4.91
7.88
3.25
(1) Based on Regression results.
I-3
-------
APPENDIX J
CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS DATA BASE
-------
APPENDIX J
CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS DATA BASE
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
CAT
1.23
0.92
0.91
1.09
0.95
0.41
0.68
0.42
1.12
1.66
1.18
1.08
1.08
1.11
0.87
0.97
0.70
0.65
0.68
0.95
0.56
0.92
0.97
0.80
0.97
0.68
1.12
1.06
1.16
0.92
0.56
0.60
0.82
0.76
0.71
0.78
58.8
35.9
33.6
55.9
42.7
13.5
18.4
19.5
44.4
67.6
57.2
43.0
30.3
25.5
18.0
22.9
20.6
14.6
18.2
72.9
15.5
33.8
32.8
31.7
32.8
18.2
82.7
86.4
79.0
33.8
15.5
46.6
42.0
30.0
39.5
33.0
47.7
38.8
36.8
51.5
44.9
32.6
27.2
47.0
39.6
40.8
48.4
39.9
28.0
22.9
20.7
23.5
29.6
22.4
26.8
77.1
27.8
36.8
33.7
39.4
33.7
26.8
73.5
81.8
68.1
36.8
27.8
78.0
51.1
39.3
55.6
42.1
J-1
-------
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
0.76
0.60
0.97
0.82
0.79
0.60
0.60
0.71
1.44
1.29
0.97
1.23
1.36
0.97
1.07
1.10
1.10
1.44
1.29
1.03
0.82
0.89
0.78
0.92
0.76
0.78
0.82
0.92
0.95
1.33
0.82
1.33
0.82
1.14
1.08
0.80
0.80
1.15
1.14
0.86
CAT
CO
C
EMISSIONS EMI
(g/hr)
30.0
47.0
44.4
42.0
29.4
29.4
29.2
39.5
74.5
91.5
73.7
77.3
53.5
73.7
75.8
77.6
77.6
74.5
91.5
78.0
26.2
26.8
27.7
31.6
27.1
27.7
26.2
31.6
34.6
39.8
30.6
39.8
30.6
69.7
39.1
51.5
51.5
73.9
69.7
48.8
(g/kg) (g/hr)
39.5
78.8
45.6
51.1
37.1
48.8
48.8
55.6
51.9
70.9
76.4
63.0
39.3
76.4
70.8
70.8
70.8
51.9
70.9
75.4
31.7
30.1
35.5
34.5
35.8
35.5
31.7
34.5
36.5
30.0
37.2
30.0
37.2
61.2
36.3
64.5
64.5
64.0
61.2
56.0
CONV NONCAT
CO CO
SSIONS EMISSIONS
(g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
J-2
-------
CONV
BURN
RATE
(kg/hr)
1.18
0.89
0.79
0.91
0.86
0.91
0.89
0.92
0.96
0.70
0.70
0.62
0.63
0.77
0.67
0.76
0.63
0.98
1.29
1.03
0.98
1.10
1.42
0.96
1.39
1.08
1.18
1.08
0.74
0.89
1.66
0.70
1.11
0.57
0.87
1.08
1.12
1.06
0.97
1.49
CAT CONV NONCAT
CO CO CO
EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
56.8
53.6
39.6
49.7
48.0
49.7
53.6
52.1
45.9
32.7
32.7
34.5
32.2
42.3
37.1
44.1
32.2
81.5
110.6
91.0
82.0
118.0
110.5
61.8
62.8
43.0
57.2
41.1
38.8
47.8
67.6
20.6
25.5
16.7
18.0
30.3
82.7
86.4
44.4
48.0
60.6
50.1
54.8
56.0
54.8
60.6
56.5
48.0
46.5
46.5
55.9
51.3
54.8
55.5
57.7
51.3
83.3
85.7
88.3
83.3
107.1
77.9
64.1
45.1
39.9
48.4
38.0
52.5
53.9
40.8
29.6
22.9
29.1
20.7
28.0
73.5
81.8
45.7
121.0 81.5
J-3
-------
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
1.75
1.47
1.80
1.74
1.81
1.78
1.72
2.02
1.59
1.52
1.66
1.46
1.65
1.24
1.85
1.50
1.89
1.77
1.65
1.90
2.00
1.92
1.41
1.39
1.40
1.25
1.57
2.45
1.60
1.09
1.89
1.13
1.25
1.34
0.84
1.30
0.72
1.57
0.93
1.34
139.8
110.1
117.4
131.7
147.3
134.2
133.8
231.6
175.2
184.7
187.9
219.3
245.3
188.0
192.2
190.6
247.1
219.2
245.6
227.6
204.1
203.0
169.6
172.6
172.4
152.3
171.3
215.1
166.0
123.5
169.7
169.3
225.9
253.2
69.2
123.9
57.2
143.3
75.8
134.0
79.7
74.8
65.2
75.6
81.5
75.3
77.7
114.8
110.3
121.8
113.1
150.2
148.9
151.4
104.1
127.4
130.8
123.7
148.6
119.6
102.1
105.8
120.2
123.8
123.5
121.5
109.4
87.6
103.8
113.8
89.9
149.2
181.2
188.6
82.1
95.4
79.7
91.5
81.6
99.8
J-4
-------
NONCAT
CAT CONV
BURN CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
1.43
1.77
0.98
0.84
0.76
0.99
0.79
1.23
1.33
1.22
1.08
1.03
1.03
1.29
0.91
1.20
0.68
1.81
2.13
2.52
1.67
1.69
1.03
1.65
1.39
0.92
1.06
1.30
0.96
1.19
0.96
1.36
0.92
1.13
1.12
0.92
0.86
1.86
0.89
2.47
122.8
168.8
95.6
102.9
92.8
110.4
85.5
174.9
179.0
181.1
132.3
126.1
121.8
188.3
128.4
167.5
76.8
226.5
203.1
278.3
189.3
201.7
146.7
245.6
172.6
85.9
95.4
97.9
122.6
122.6
111.6
108.7
142.3
134.9
148.8
123.0
122.0
118.6
145.4
141.3
139.1
112.9
124.9
95.2
118.7
113.6
119.4
143.0
148.6
123.9
NONCAT
CO
EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
75.2
79.5
79.5
68.4
70.5
68.4
79.8
75.2
64.5
86.1
79.8
77.3
79.5
72.3
207.8
81.3
75.3
60.4
71.4
59.3
71.4
58.0
81.3
57.2
76.6
86.5
89.4
75.3
81.3
84.1
J-5
-------
FIREPLAC
CAT CONV
BURN CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
0.72
0.72
0.84
1.36
1.70
1.19
1.84
0.88
1.86
2.06
1.72
0.88
1.84
1.70
2.07
1.32
1.78
1.36
0.56
1.29
0.65
0.65
0.69
0.88
1.29
0.81
3.3
4.8
8.2
3.9
11.5
10.1
11.4
7.1
4.8
8.1
2.0
3.6
7.1
4.8
NONCAT
CO
EMISSIONS
(g/hr) (g/kg)
71.0
83.7
76.0
88.3
83.6
70.5
94.5
56.6
108.9
107.2
98.0
76.4
94.5
83.6
107.2
79.5
76.7
79.0
51.7
116.7
73.4
73.4
68.1
76.4
116.7
72.1
98.7
115.8
90.1
64.8
49.0
59.3
51.4
64.5
58.5
51.9
56.8
87.1
51.4
49.0
51.9
60.4
43.1
58.0
93.0
90.2
113.4
113.4
98.8
87.1
90.2
88.8
J-6
-------
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
15.2
3.2
3.2
4.6
6.2
6.2
3.8
3.2
3.4
4.1
14.4
9.7
9.6
29.8
21.1
5.7
5.7
5.1
7.5
5.7
5.3
12.0
15.7
8.4
6.3
9.3
7.1
6.5
7.6
7.8
7.0
8.1
8.6
6.3
4.8
6.2
5.2
9.8
10.4
6.3
J-7
-------
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
6.6
6.5
5.9
4.3
5.6
3.5
3.5
4.9
4.2
6.8
5.3
4.6
7.5
10.8
8.6
4.9
6.8
4.4
3.5
4.0
3.0
2.1
2.6
3.2
2.9
7.2
10.0
8.1
7.6
7.2
14.5
19.0
9.1
6.6
3.9
11.9
10.3
8.3
11.9
12.3
J-8
-------
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
11.5
11.3
8.1
4.6
3.1
9.0
6.8
5.9
3.0
7.6
5.2
3.8
6.2
4.0
2.1
4.2
9.6
3.9
2.1
4.7
5.4
5.0
3.7
9.4
6.0
4.6
6.7
6.5
4.4
7.4
7.3
4.8
8.5
7.3
5.5
8.5
6.7
4.8
3.7
2.8
J-9
-------
CAT CONV NONCAT
BURN CO CO CO
RATE EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(kg/hr) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg) (g/hr) (g/kg)
4.1
3.7
2.8
3.3
2.6
8.1
7.0
4.4
6.1
3.9
9.4
6.8
4.9
7.0
5.0
2.7
2.6
2.0
8.9
6.0
8.8
5.9
J-10
-------
APPENDIX K
ORGANIC COMPONENTS OP WOOD SMOKE - CATALYTIC STOVE
-------
APPENDIX K
ORGANIX COMPOUNDS IN CATALYTIC WOOD STOVE SMOKE(1)
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound Purity Fit Rfit
186 cyclohexene 854 987 863
199 trichloroethylene 954 990 960
232 3-penten-2-one 965 991 965
240 CgH20 734 876 762
242 2-methylfuran 785 930 809
253 2,3-butanedione 709 951 739
258 unknown
270 methyl butenoate 262 879 286
275 methyl 2-oxopropanoate 939 972 946
288 toluene 952 993 952
297 cyclopentanone 865 977 879
330 furfural 729 856 832
359 C5Hg02 (manual)
363 tetrachloroethylene 845 874 966
367 C5H402 867 894 964
374 CsHigO (manual)
381 C6H1202 621 845 654
409 C7Hi60 (manual)
430 cyclohexenone 710 874 756
435 methyl 2-oxobutanoate 203 931 203
441 ethylbenzene 789 990 789
455 xylene 280 910 302
phenylacetylene (manual)
472 methylcyclohexenone 406 878 439
480 styrene 694 984 699
488 l-(2-furanyl)ethanone 782 986 790
xylene (manual)
494 2,5-hexanedione 903 932 950
499 2,3-dihydro-2,5-dimethylfuran 777 883 804
511 pyranone 326 950 373
520 5,5-diroethyl-2(5H)furanone 737 830 871
535 tetramethylcyclohexadiene 762 974 762
551 l-(acetyloxy)-2-butanone 769 808 816
555 C6H10O3 906 978 919
560 methylfurancarboxaldehyde 590 922 624
benzaldehyde (manual)
582 C10H16 528 934 545
benzonitrile (manual)
587 C3~alkylbenzene (manual)
C8H12° (manual)
595 phenol 909 988 919
(l)Test Method Evaluation and Emission Testing for Rating Wood Stoves,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, EPA 600/2-86-100,
October 1986.
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound Purity Fit Rfit
616 C10H16 709 994 709
622 benzofuran 803 948 840
627 C10H16 798 993 798
635 unknown
642 C6H8O2 862 998 862
655 cyclohexenylethanone 604 815 674
658 C8H14 716 901 716
662 C3~alkylbenzene (manual)
indane (manual)
666 C4-alkylbenzene 613 982 613
hydroxybenzaldehyde 411 969 422
678 C10H16 841 971 841
684 cresol 578 976 587
indene (manual)
693 acetophenone 637 941 658
C8H12° (manual)
698 methylbenzaldehyde 856 993 861
708 cresol 897 987 897
713 methylbenzaldehyde (manual)
723 trimethylcyclopentenone 784 942 792
738 dimethylstyrene 432 930 454
hydroxymethylpyranone 419 920 438
745 dimethylphenol 461 957 472
751 methylbenzofuran 695 961 718
756 phenylpropenal 547 959 567
769 CsHi2° (manual)
776 ethylphenol 416 909 433
C4-alkylbenzene 413 959 420
methylhyroxybenzaldehyde (manual)
783 C10H16 797 978 807
789 dimethylphenol 886 995 886
798 propylphenol 500 944 511
804 benzoic acid 412 937 432
methylindan (manual)
809 dimethylphenol (manual)
methylindan (manual)
814 pentanoic acid (?) 287 905 299
C4~alkylbenzene (manual)
819 dimethylphenol 367 938 387
826 methylacetophenone 756 935 806
836 ethylbenzenediol 781 927 781
839 naphthalene 880 974 895
845 C10H16 403 912 430
C10H180 531 942 561
854 phenylpropenal 752 973 752
869 dimethylbenzofuran 616 951 633
879 C3-alkylphenol 670 985 670
895 ethylbenzoic acid 747 843 770
907 methylbenzenedicarboxaldehyde 561 937 596
hexanoic acid (?) 229 894 236
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound
915
921
930
948
963
972
990
995
1002
1013
1019
1029
1036
1042
1050
1060
1063
1077
1084
1089
1093
1108
1115
1123
1139
1159
1167
1172
1180
1192
1203
1216
1221
1232
1300
1303
1335
1338
1345
1350
1389
1430
1437
indanone
dihydroxyacetophenone
hydroxybenzaldehyde
methylnaphthalene
methylnaphthalene
dimethoxyphenol
methoxypropenylphenol
Cs-alkylbenzene (manual)
decanoic acid
(manual)
hydroxymethoxybenzaldehyde
biphenyl
CgHso (manual)
C7-alkylbenzene (manual)
dimethylbenzofuranone
dimethylnaphthalene (manual)
carboxylic acid (manual)
acenaphthene
benzopyranone
dimethyltetralin
C13H10 (manual)
dimethylnaphthalene
ethyltetralin
dimethylnaphthalene
acenaphthylene
C10H11CO2H (manual)
hydroxymethoxyacetophenone
C6-alkylbenzene
naphthofuran
naphthalenecarboxaldehyde
hydroxymethoxyphenylpropanone
dibenzofuran
dodecanoic acid
(manual)
phthalate ester (manual)
naphthofuran
fluorene
C3-alkylnaphthalene (manual)
hydroxymethoxybenzeneacetic acid
methyldibenzofuran
biphenylcarboxaldehyde
fluorenone
tetradecanoic acid
diQ-phenanthrene (manual)
phenanthrene
anthracene (manual)
dime thy lacetophenone
heptadecanol
phthalate ester
hexadecanoic acid (manual)
Purity
734
671
782
737
791
348
744
488
885
811
410
367
378
332
459
302
305
595
804
615
128
483
740
906
788
392
629
724
696
808
824
749
863
378
824
904
Fit
980
994
925
959
981
868
997
976
993
995
951
882
932
953
885
744
736
945
980
974
933
968
912
979
998
957
946
947
964
936
953
989
987
948
988
991
Rfit
746
671
844
765
794
401
744
491
888
811
420
400
404
339
513
381
386
618
817
620
134
483
801
917
788
392
652
724
719
849
862
750
870
388
826
905
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound
1440 C14H27CHO (manual)
1485 unknown
1504 C16H29CHO (manual)
1516 hexadecanol
1524 pyrene (manual)
1538 C17H31CHO (manual)
fluoranthene (manual)
1546 C18H33OH (manual)
1562 dodecanediol
1590 hydrocarbon
1606 N-phenylnaphthylamine
1615 C4-alkylphenanthrene
1619 C18H33CHO (manual)
1632 oxygenated compound
1645 oxygenated compound
1698 docosane
1751 di2~cnrYsene (manual)
1768 diisooctyl phthalate
1855 naphthalenylbenzothiophene
Purity
Fit
Rfit
803
991
805
791
830
618
808
918
308
986
971
877
960
977
670
797
830
684
837
937
425
-------
APPENDIX L
ORGANIC COMPONENT OF WOOD SMOKE - NONCATALYTIC STOVE
-------
APPENDIX L
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN NON-CATALYTIC WOOD STOVE SMOKE(1)
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound Purity Fit Rfit
190 C6H10 902 990 902
210 2,5-dimethylfuran 831 902 912
223 methyl butanoate 816 898 894
234 3-penten-2-one 968 992 968
242 C9H20 737 889 765
256 2,3-butanedione 721 947 759
261 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 674 843 723
278 methyl 2-oxopropanoate[C4H603] 891 916 900
291 toluene 955 994 955
302 2-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol 718 821 860
333 furfural 715 864 807
361 methylfuran 431 947 431
367 C5H4O2 [2H-pyran-2-one] _ 818 880 818
377 unknown
383 l-(l-methylethoxy)-2-propanone 541 791 632
391 cresol (? elution too soon!) 406 884 431
404 2-cylclohexen-l-one 470 843 492
411 1,2-ethanediol diacetate 848 956 886
424 2,4-hexadienal 718 882 769
433 cyclohexenone 723 903 747
437 CgH^O (manual)
442 ethylbenzene 820 992 820
456 xylene 501 978 509
phenylacetylene (manual)
464 pentenoic acid (manual)
474 C8H14 663 740 734
481 styrene 685 984 690
CgHs (manual)
489 xylene (manual)
1,(2-furanyl)ethanone 683 964 705
496 2,5-hexanedione 899 930 950
501 cyclohexanone 849 884 896
522 5,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone 790 852 902
533 C7H100, C7H120 (manual)
551 CsHis0 (manual)
555 l-acetyloxy-2-butanone 932 978 944
560 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde 583 921 620
benzaldehyde 291 850 319
588 C3-alkylbenzene 542 976 551
(manual)
(l)Test Method Evaluating and Emission Testing (or Rating Wood Stoves,
Office of the Quality Planning and Standards, EPA 600/2-86-100,
October 1986.
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound Purity Fit Rfit
596 phenol 939 999 939
608 methylstyrene 602 942 633
C3-alkylbenzene 470 889 474
616 C7H1:LCHO (manual)
623 benzofuran 767 936 816
629 methylstyrene 775 995 775
C3~alkylbenzene (manual)
636 CgHi4O (manual)
642 C6H802 875 997 875
(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one)
649 methylanisole 825 991 825
655 l-(l-cyclohexen-l-yl)ethanone 686 851 761
659 CyHio° (manual)
663 benzeneacetlaldehyde 393 843 464
methylstyrene (manua1)
667 hydroxybenzaldehyde 616 994 616
C4-alkylbenzene 404 937 410
678 C10H16 474 970 474
C8H12° (manual)
685 cresol 746 996 746
indene (manual)
693 acetophenone 716 943 741
unsaturated C4~alkylbenzene (manual)
698 methylbenzaldehyde 795 991 799
708 cresol 914 988 914
713 methylbenzaldehyde 552 935 589
723 trimethylcyclopentenone 786 938 795
729 C10H12 408 840 470
732 methyl benzoate 485 935 511
unsaturated C4~alkylbenzene (manual)
739 hydroxymethylpyranone 859 986 859
unsaturated C4~alkylbenzene 811 975 826
745 dimethylphenol 623 990 623
propynyloxybenzene 452 983 452
751 3-phenyl-2-propenal 772 991 772
756 methylbenzofuran 838 968 862
761 C10H10 330 835 381
CgHio0 (manual)
769 C9H18O 584 926 584
776 ethylphenol 563 971 570
C4~alkylbenzene (manual)
methoxybenzaldehyde (manual)
783 C3-alkylphenol 435 909 458
C4~alkylbenzene (manual)
C9H16 (manual)
789 dimethylphenol 902 992 902
798 propylphenol 562 955 569
802 trimethylphenol 725 757 929
806 ethylphenol 815 926 880
809 dimethylphenol 712 988 712
C10H10 (manual)
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound
1156 dimethylbenzenebutanoic acid
1161 methyl ketone (manual)
1167 CsH7-benzene (manual)
1189 Cy-alkylbenzene (manual)
1192 fluorene
1208 methylfluorene
1216 hydroxymethoxyphenylacetic acid
1221 methyldibenzofuran
1232 9H-xanthene
1238 naphthofuran
1261 biphenylol
1275 anthracene (manual)
1301 fluorenone
1309 methoxyfluorene
1317 dibenzodioxin
1324 oxygenated compound
1335 dioPhenanthrene
1345 phenanthrene
1376 nonanediol
1389 pentadecanol
1404 C9H12O
1408 benzocinnoline
1416 methylanthracene
1430 phthalate ester (manual)
1437 methylanthracene (manual)
1440 C12H25CHO (manual)
1453 phenanthrenedione
1459 phenylnaphthalene
1497 etheuyloxyoctadecane
1502 C16H29CHO (manual)
1516 alkene or alcohol
1524 fluoranthene
1538 pyrene
1613 tetramethylphenanthrene
1619 aldehyde
1644 benzo(c)fluorene
1695 C10H1202
1751 di2-chrysene
1768 phthalate ester
1985 benzo(a)pyrene
Purity
721
767
361
695
672
720
445
745
578
378
729
756
594
749
462
834
647
575
450
389
781
918
750
242
418
454
Fit
968
958
824
939
959
929
991
859
965
766
956
970
983
969
872
953
898
871
860
835
964
958
823
749
894
565
Rfit
721
783
373
703
694
750
445
857
591
434
756
773
594
765
505
867
710
645
515
453
802
953
874
257
457
795
-------
Sample BS-2
Scan Compound Purity Fit Rfit
813 CioH16° (manual)
methylacetophenone 562 865 617
820 dimethylphenol 437 942 460
826 methylacetophenone 791 933 841
836 demethoxybenzene 681 959 691
839 naphthalene 946 980 963
843 5-(hydroxymethyl)furancarboxaldehyde 844 976 854
849 trimethylphenol 756 955 787
854 CgHsO 432 966 432
861 dimethylbenzofuran 572 888 592
869 dimethylbenzofuran 655 970 663
879 ethylmethylphenol 811 997 811
883 bifuran 531 969 537
891 dihydrobenzopyranol 434 845 471
897 3-methyl-l,2-benzenediol 716 947 716
C3~alkylphenol (manual)
907 2-methyl-l,4-benzenedicarboxaldehyde 773 982 784
915 indanone 838 979 851
921 dihydroxyacetophenone 697 985 702
924 methylbenzenediol 783 974 794
929 hydroxybenzaldehyde 693 969 712
935 C4~alkylphenol (manual)
948 2-methylnaphthalene 757 958 786
950 hydroxymethylacetophenone 801 887 882
959 unsaturated Cs-alkylbenzene 316 961 327
963 1-methylnaphthalene 781 972 793
990 methoxypropenylphenol 670 995 670
996 Cs-alkylbenzene (manual)
C10H14°2 (manual)
1002 methoxypropylphenol 788 923 819
1007 hydroxybenzoic acid 359 921 369
1014 hydroxymethoxybenzaldehyde 869 994 869
1019 biphenyl 708 975 719
1029 trimethylbenzaldehyde 426 955 426
1039 C8H15C02H (manual)
1050 C12H10 378 880 408
1060 dimethylnaphthalene 464 908 487
dimethyldecalin (manual)
unsaturated Cs-alkylbenzene (manual)
1063 dimethylnaphthalene (manual)
Cs-alkylbenzene (manual)
1065 ethenylnaphthalene 876 924 932
1069 methoxypropenylphenol 798 986 798
1075 C9H19C02H (manual)
1084 biphenylene 735 977 740
1089 hydroxymethoxyacetophenone 789 993 793
1093 C6-alkylbenzene 584 949 600
1108 diphenylmethane 391 873 433
1118 naphthalenecarboxaldehyde 515 978 520
1124 Ci2H20° (manual)
1139 dibenzofuran 878 979 892
------- |