United'State's
Environmenta^ Protection
Agency
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
(OS-305)
EPA/530-SW-90-027
January 1990
Does Your Business
Produce Hazardous Waste?
Many Small Businesses Do
,
Waste Minimization
Should Be the Key
Component of Your
Company's Hazardous
Waste Management
Program
Printed on recycled paper
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Many small businesses produce hazardous waste.
If yours is one of them, this brochure will help you comply
with new hazardous waste laws.
Federal law requires many small businesses to meet re-
quirements for handling hazardous wastes.
In 1976 the Congress of the United States passed a law called
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Under
RCRA, the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) has developed specific requirements for handling haz-
ardous waste in ways that protect human health and the envi-
ronment. These requirements control hazardous waste from
the moment it is generated until its ultimate disposal. Since
1980, EPA has been improving the hazardous waste program
to further protect public health and the environment. As a re-
sult, the requirements were expanded to include small busi-
nesses that handle specified quantities of hazardous waste,
and the number of hazardous wastes has been increased.
EPA's definition of hazardous waste was recently expanded
to cover many additional toxic compounds, including some
commonly used by small businesses.
Under these new regulations, many previously regulated busi-
nesses will be required to handle additional wastes as haz-
ardous waste, and many small businesses never before regu-
lated under federal hazardous waste laws must comply with
hazardous waste requirements.
Defining Hazardous
Waste
A waste is a solid or liquid ma-
terial that is no longer used. You
either throw waste away or store it
until you have enough to warrant
disposal. EPA defines waste as
hazardous if it has certain proper-
ties that could pose dangers to
human health and the environment
after it is discarded. \x
EPA considers a waste to be
hazardous if it possesses certain
characteristics (ignitability, corro-
sivity, reactivity, or toxicity) or if
it is on a list of specific wastes de-
termined by EPA to be hazardous.
All "characteristic" and "listed"
wastes must be handled according
to federal hazardous waste regula-
tions. You must check to see if
your waste is on the EPA list. If it
is not, you must determine
whether it exhibits one of the
characteristics. If you are not sure,
you can have it tested in a labora-
tory to determine whether it is
hazardous. (See "A New Test for
Toxicity" below.) You will gener-
ally be able to tell if your waste
might be hazardous by reviewing
label information (i.e., if it says
things like "flammable" or "poi-
son").
RCRA regulations, found in
the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) Title 40, Part 261, present
the "listed" hazardous wastes, de-
scribe hazardous waste charac-
teristics, and specify test methods
for determining whether waste is
hazardous.
Do Hazardous Waste
Requirements Apply to
You?
The following information will
help you determine whether your
business might be a small quantity
generator of hazardous waste. If
you think your business is, contact
your EPA Regional office or state
hazardous waste management
agency to see what you need to do
to comply with the regulations.
The EPA Regional contacts and
state contacts are listed in this
brochure.
How to Determine
Whether Your Business
Produces Hazardous
Waste
Your business is likely to pro-
duce hazardous waste if you:
Use petroleum products
j
Use dyes, paints, printing inks,
thinners, solvents, or cleaning
fluids
Use pesticides or other related
chemicals
Use materials that dissolve
metals, wood, paper, or clothing
(acids and caustics)
Use flammable materials
Use materials that burn or itch
upon contact with skin
Use materials that bubble or
fume upon contact with water
Receive delivery of products
accompanied by a shipping paper
or label indicating that the prod-
uct is hazardous.
Such businesses might include
those that:
* repair and maintain motor
vehicles
do electroplating and other metal
manufacturing and fabrication
operate printing and reproduc-
tion equipment
do drycleaning and laundering
do photographic processing and
printing
operate laboratories
do building, road, and other
construction
provide home or industrial pest
control
manufacture or process
chemicals
manufacture or formulate
pesticides
manufacture textiles (including
fabric dyeing and finishing)
make or refinish furniture
manufacture or process
cosmetics
chemically treat lawns, yards,
or gardens
do wood preserving
manufacture paper and
paper products.
A New Test for Toxicity
One property that determines whether a waste is haz-
ardous is its toxicity. Toxic waste is harmful or fatal when it
is swallowed or when it comes into contact with the skin.
When toxic waste is disposed of on land, contaminated liq-
uid might drain (leach) from the waste and pollute ground
water.
Since 1980, toxicity has been determined using the
"Extraction Procedure (EP) leach test," which tests whether
a waste is likely to leach certain metals or pesticides into
ground water. The EP test, however, only applied toThand-
ful of toxic constituents. Other toxic constituents were not
detected by the EP test.
In March of 1990, EPA issued a new "Toxicity
Characteristic" rule which changes the test for toxicity. The
new test is called the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching
Procedure (TCLP). The TCLP is used to test for 25 organic
chemicals (see list below) in addition to the metals and pesti-
cides that had been tested for in the EP leach test. Small
businesses are required to comply with the Toxicity
Characteristic rule beginning March 29,1991.
The changes in the regulation mean that many wastes that
previously were not covered will now be subject to federal
hazardous waste regulations. Contact your EPA Regional of-
fice to find out if these changes will affect you. Information
in the industry-specific inserts included in this brochure can
also help you determine how the new requirements apply to
waste that your business might generate. Generally, if you
use a product that contains one of these chemicals, your
waste might well be hazardous.
-------
The Following
Constituents
Are Now
Regulated
under the
TC Rule:
Old EP Constituents
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver
Endrin
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Toxaphene
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy-
cetic acid
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy-
propionic acid
New Organic
Constituents
Benzene
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chlordane
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresol
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethylene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Heptachlor (and its
hydroxide)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadi-
ene
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloroethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Nitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Pyridine
Tetrachloroethylene
Trichloroethylene ,
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Vinyl chloride
If You're Not Sure,
There's Help
If you are uncertain whether
your business produces hazardous
waste, contact EPA's RCRA/
Superfund Hotline at (800) 424-
9346, your EPA Regional office,
or your state hazardous waste
management agency. EPA
Regional offices and state haz-
ardous waste management agen-
cies are listed below. These con-
tacts can provide a list of all
wastes identified by EPA as haz-
ardous. They can also tell you
about testing laboratories that can
help you determine if your wastes
are hazardous, even if they are not
included on EPA's list.
How Much Waste Must a
Business Produce To Be
Regulated under Federal
Hazardous Waste
Requirements?
EPA considers you a small
quantity generator if your business
produces more than 220 and less
that 2,200 pounds (more than 100
and less than 1 ,000 kilograms) of
hazardous waste in a calendar
month. Small quantity generators
are subject to the hazardous waste
requirements described in this
brochure. You should be aware
that your state may have addi-
tional or more restrictive re-
quirements. The state require-
ments that apply to you depend on
where your plant or facility is lo-
cated; this may be different from
your corporate mailing address.
If you produce 1 ,000 kilo-
grams or more of hazardous waste
in any calendar month, or more
than one kilogram of certain
acutely hazardous wastes, you are
subject to the more extensive reg-
ulations for large quantity genera-
tors. (Acutely hazardous waste is
waste that is fatal to humans in
low doses. See 40 CFR
If you never produce more
than 100 kilograms (approx-
imately one-half of a 55-gallon
drum), and no more than one kilo-
gram of acutely hazardous waste
in a calendar month, then you are
exempt from most of the federal
hazardous waste requirements.
However, you must determine
whether your waste is hazardous
and ensure that hazardous waste is
delivered to a facility permitted,
licensed, or authorized by EPA or
the state to accept hazardous
waste. It is important to be aware
that some states do not recognize
exemptions for this category of
hazardous waste generators.
Check with your state hazardous
waste agency to determine your
obligations under state law.
If Your Business
Produces Hazardous
Waste and Is Regulated
Under the Federal
Hazardous Waste
Requirements, You Must:
Obtain an EPA identification
number for each site at which
hazardous waste is generated. To
obtain an EPA identification
number, contact the EPA
Regional office or your state
hazardous waste management
agency and ask for Form 8700-
12.
Properly handle your waste on
your premises, following federal
and state requirements. If you
store, treat, or dispose of your
hazardous waste on site, you
might need a permit. Contact the
RCRA/Superfund Hotline or
your EPA Regional office for
permit information.
OR
Periodically ship your waste off
your premises for treatment or
disposal, following federal and
state requirements.
Storing Hazardous Waste
at Your Facility
You may store hazardous waste
on site without a permit for up to
180 days (or 270 days if the
waste is to be shipped more than
200 miles) as long as you never
accumulate more than 6,000
kilograms (13,200 pounds) of
hazardous waste on site.
You must obtain a permit to
store waste on site for longer
than 180 days (270 days if the
waste is to be shipped more than
200 miles). If you have ques-
tions, contact your EPA Regional
office or your state agency.
You may accumulate as much as
55 gallons of hazardous waste in
a "satellite accumulation area"
an area at or near the point of
generation. Once you accumulate
more than 55 gallons in the satel-
lite accumulation area, you must
move the waste to your haz-
ardous waste storage area within
three days and follow the haz-
ardous waste storage require-
ments described above.
May Waste Be Managed
at Your Facility Rather
Than Being Shipped
Away for Disposal?
Yes, you may manage your
hazardous waste at your own
plant, but ONLY if you are per-
mitted, licensed, or authorized by
EPA or the state to do so. The per-
mit ensures that your facility
meets the standards established by
RCRA for proper waste manage-
ment. Certain kinds of recycling
and wastewater treatment can be
conducted on site without a per-
mit. Contact your Regional EPA
office or state agency for informa-
tion about whether you need a per-
mit and how to obtain it.
How to Ship Hazardous
Waste Off Your Premises
Under federal law, you must:
Use only authorized hazardous
waste transporters with EPA
identification numbers to trans-
port hazardous waste.
Send hazardous waste only to fa-
cilities permitted, licensed, or
authorized by EPA or the state to
accept hazardous waste.
Use the Hazardous Waste
Manifest. A generator of haz-
ardous waste is legally responsi-
ble for the waste at all times.
Therefore, you must make sure
that your transporter complies
with all applicable federal and
state regulations governing haz-
ardous waste transport. It is also
your responsibility to ensure that
the facility to which the haz-
ardous waste is sent is permitted
and meets RCRA requirements
for treatment, storage, and dis-
posal of hazardous waste.
Under RCRA, shipments of
some hazardous wastes are ex-
empted from most requirements if
they are being sent to a recycling
or reclamation establishment. For
small businesses, these wastes in-
clude dead automobile batteries
and used oil. You must make sure
that the facility that takes these
wastes is recycling them.
Your state hazardous waste
management agency can help you
locate authorized hazardous waste
facilities and transporters. You can
also contact the National Solid
Waste Management Association
(202-659-4613), Government
Refuse Collection and Disposal
Association (301-585-2898) or
your own trade association.
(continued on back panel)
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EPA Regional Contacts
EPA Region 1
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Frank Ciavattieri, Chief
ME/VT Waste Management Branch
HPL-CAN2
JFK Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
617-573-5770
Gerald M. Levy, Chief
Waste Management Branch (HRW-CAN3)
JFK Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
617-573-5720
EPA Region 2
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands
Stanley Siegel, Chief
Hazardous Waste Programs Branch
Room 2343
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
212-264-3384
EPA Region 3
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Robert Allen, Chief
RCRA Programs Branch (3HW30)
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
215-597-0980
EPA Region 4
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Tennessee
James H. Scarbrough, Chief
RCRA and Federal Facilities Branch
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, GA 30365
404-347-3016
EPA Region 5
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota,
Ohio, Wisconsin
Judith A. Kertcher, Chief
RCRA Program
Management Branch
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
312-353-8510
Karl Bremer, Chief
RCRA Permitting Branch
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
312-353-0398
EPA Region 6
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, Texas
Guanita Reiter, Chief
RCRA Programs Branch (6H-H)
First Interstate Bank Tower
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75270
214-655-6655
Bill Honker, Chief
RCRA Permits Branch (6H-P)
First Interstate Bank Tower
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75270
214-655-6770
EPA Region 7
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Mike Sanderson, Chief
RCRA Branch
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
913-551-7050
EPA Region 8
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Terry Anderson, Chief
Implementation Branch
Denver Place (8HWM-RI)
999 18th Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2405
303-293-1662
EPA Region 9
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
Guam, Marianas
Eve Levin
State Programs Branch
1235 Mission Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
415-744-1468
EPA Region 10
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
Michael Gearheard, Chief
Waste Management Branch (HW-112)
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
206-442-2782
The RCRA/Superfund Hotline
Further information and publications on federal hazardous waste laws can be
obtained by calling EPA's toll-free RCRA/Superfund Hotline: 800-424-9346 outside
of Washington, D.C.; 202-382-3000 in Washington, D.C. For the hearing impaired,
the number is TDD 800-553-7672 or 202-475-9652.
Small Business
Ombudsman Hotline
For more information specific to small businesses, call 800-368-5888, or
202-557-1938 in Washington, D.C.
Ask the RCRA/Superfund Hotline how you can access the
POLLUTION PREVENTION INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE (PPIC)
and the
ELECTRONIC INFORMATION EXCHANGE SYSTEM (EIES).
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STATE AND TERRITORIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCIES
Alabama
Land Division
Alabama Department of
Environmental Management
1751 Federal Drive
Montgomery, AL 36130
205-271-7730
Alaska
Alaska Department of
Environmental Conservation
Division of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box #O
Juneau, AK 99801
907-465-2666
American Samoa
Environmental Quality Commission
Government of American Samoa
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
Overseas Operator: 663-2304
Arizona
Office of Waste and
Water Quality Management
Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality
2005 N. Central Avenue, Room 304
Phoenix, AZ 85004
602-257-2211
Arkansas
Hazardous Waste Division
Arkansas Department of Pollution
Control and Ecology
P.O. Box 9583
Little Rock, AR 72219
501-562-7444x504
California
Toxic Substances Control Division
Department of Health Services
P.O. Box 942732
400 P Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
916-324-1826
Colorado
Waste Management Division
Colorado Department of Health
4210E. llth Avenue
Denver, CO 80220
303-331-4830
Commonwealth of
Northern Mariana Islands
Division of Environmental Quality
Department of Public Health and
Environmental Services
Commonwealth of the
Northern Mariana Islands
Office of the Governor
Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950
Overseas Operator: 6984
Cable Address: Gov. NMI Saipan
Connecticut
Hazardous Material Management Unit
Department of Environmental Protection
State Office Building
1 65 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106
203-566-4924
Delaware
Hazardous Waste Management Section
Division of Air and Waste Management
Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control
P.O. Box 1401
89 Kings Highway
Dover, DE 19903
302-736-3672
District of Columbia
Pesticides and Hazardous
Materials Division
Department of Consumer and
Regulatory Affairs
5010 Overlook Avenue, S.W.
Room 1 14
Washington, DC 20032
202-783-3194
Florida
Division of Waste Management (UST)
Department of Environmental
Regulations
Twin Towers Office Building
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, FL 32301
904-488-0190
Georgia
Land Protection Branch
Industrial and Hazardous Waste
Management Program
Floyd Towers East/Room 1 1 54
205 Butler Street, S.E.
Atlanta, GA 30334
404-656-2833
Guam
Hazardous Waste Management Program
Guam Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 2999
Agana, Guam 96910
Overseas Operator: 67 1 -646-8863
Hawaii
Department of Health
Hazardous Waste Program
P.O. Box 3378
Honolulu, HI 96801
808-543-8226
Idaho
Hazardous Materials Bureau
Department of Health and Welfare
Idaho State House
450 W. State Street
Boise, ID 83720
208-334-5879
Illinois
Division of Land Pollution Control
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
2200 Churchill Road
Springfield. IL 62706
217-782-6760
Indiana
Indiana Department of
Environmental Management
105 S. Meridian Street
P.O. Box 6015
Indianapolis, IN 46225
317-232-3210
Iowa
Air Quality and Solid Waste Protection v
Department of Water, Air, and
Waste Management
900 East Grand Ave.
Henry A. Wallace Building
DesMoines, I A 50319-0034
Kansas
Bureau of Waste Management
Department of Health and Environment
Forbes Field, Building 321
Topeka, KS 66620
913-862-9360x290
,
Kentucky
Division of Waste Management
Department of Environmental
Protection
Cabinet for Natural Resources and
Environmental Protection
Fort Boone Plaza, Building #2
ISRileyRoad
Frankfort. KY 40601
564-6716x214
Louisiana
Hazardous Waste Division
Office of Solid and Hazardous Waste
Louisiana Department of
Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 44307
625 N. 4th Street
Baton Rouge, LA 70804
504-342-9079
Maine
Bureau of Oil and Hazardous
Materials Control
Department of Environmental Protection
State House Station #17
Augusta, ME 04333
207-289-2651
Maryland
Hazardous and Solid
Waste Management Administration
Maryland Department of the
Environment
201 W. Preston Street, Room 212
Baltimore, MD 21201
301-225-5647
Massachusetts
Divison of Solid and Hazardous Waste
Massachusetts Department of
Environmental Protection
One Winter Street, 5th Floor
Boston, MA 02108
617-292-5589
Michigan
Waste Management Division
Environmental Protection Bureau
Department of Natural Resources
Box 30038
Lansing, M! 48909
517-373-2730
Minnesota
Solid and Hazardous Waste Division
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
520 Lafayette Road, North
St. Paul, MN 55155
612-296-7282
Mississippi
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
Bureau of Pollution Control
Department of Natural Resources
P.O. Box 10385
Jackson, MS 39209
601-961-5062
Missouri
Waste Management Program
Department of Natural Resources
Jefferson Building
205 Jefferson St. (13/14 Floor)
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102
314-751-3176
Montana
Solid and Hazardous Waste Bureau
Department of Health and
Environmental Sciences
Cogswell Building, Room B-201
Helena, MT 59620
406-444-2821
Nebraska
Hazardous Waste Management Section
Department of Environmental Control
State House Station
P.O. Box 94877
Lincoln, NE 68509
402-471-2186
»|_-,_ -|_
Nevada
Waste Management Program
Division of Environmental Protection
Department of Conservation and
Natural Resources
Capitol Complex
201 South Fall Street
Carson City, NV 89710
702-687-4670
/
New Hampshire
Division of Public Health Services
Office of Waste Management
Department of Health and Welfare
Health and Welfare Building
6 Hazen Drive
Concord, NH 03301
603-271-4662
New Jersey
Division of Waste Management
Department of Environmental
Protection
401 East State St. (CN 028)
Trenton, NJ 08625
609-292-1250
New Mexico
Hazardous Waste Section
Groundwater and
Hazardous Waste Bureau
New Mexico Health and Environment
Department
P.O. Box 968
Santa Fe, NM 87504-0968
505-827-2924
New York
Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste
Department of Environmental
Conservation
50 Wolfe Road, Room 209
Albany, NY 12233
518-457-6603
North Carolina
Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management Branch
Division of Health Services
Department of Human Resources
P.O. Box 2091
Raleigh, NC 27602
919-733-2178
North Dakota
Division of Hazardous Waste
Management
Department of Health
1200 Missouri Avenue, Room 302
Box 5520
Bismarck, ND 58502-5520
701-224-2366
Ohio
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
1800 Watermark Drive
P.O. Box 1049
Columbus, OH 43266-0149
614-466-7220
Oklahoma
Waste Management Service
Oklahoma State Department of Health
P.O. Box 53551
1000 Northeast 10th Street
Oklahoma City, OK 73152
405-271-5338
Oregon
Hazardous and Solid Waste Division
Department of Environmental Quality
811 Southwest 6th Avenue
Portland, OR 97204
503-229-5356
Pennsylvania
Bureau of Waste Management
Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources
P.O. Box 2063
Fulton Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120
717-787-9870
Puerto Rico
Environmental Quality Board
Santurce, PR 00910-1488
809-725-0439
Rhode Island
Solid Waste Management Program
Department of Environmental
Management
204 Cannon Building
75 Davis Street
Providence, RI 02908
401-277-2797
South Carolina
Bureau of Solid and
Hazardous Waste Management
Department of Health and
Environmental Control
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, SC 29201
803-758-5681
South Dakota
Office of Air Quality and Solid Waste
Department of Water and Natural
Resources
523 E. Capitol
Foss Building, Room 416
Pierre, SD 57501
605-773-3153
Tennessee
Division of Solid Waste Management
Tennessee Department of Public Health
701 Broadway
Customs House, 4th Floor
Nashville, TN 37219-5403
615-741-3424
Texas
Hazardous and Solid Waste Division
Texas Water Commission
P.O. Box 13087, Capitol Station
Austin, TX 78711-3087
512^163-7760
Utah
Bureau of Solid and
Hazardous Waste Management
Department of Health
P.O. Box 16700
288 North 1460 West Street
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0700
801-533-4145
Vermont
. Waste Management Division
Agency of Environmental Conservation
103 South Maine Street
Waterbury, VT 05676
802-244-8702
Virgin Islands
Department of Conservation
and Cultural Affairs
P.O. Box 4399, Charlotte
St. Thomas, VI 00801
809-774-6420
Virginia
Division of Technical Services
Virginia Department of Waste
Management
Monroe Building, 1 1 th Floor
101 North 14th Street
Richmond, VA 23219
804-225-2667
Washington
Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management Division
Department of Ecology
Mail Stop PV- 11
Olympia, WA 98504
206-459-6316
West Virginia
Waste Management Division
Department of West Virginia Natural
Resources
1 260 Greenbriar Street
Charleston, WV 25311
304-348-5935
Wisconsin
Bureau of Solid Waste Management
Department of Natural Resources
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, WI 53707
608-266-1327
Wyoming
Solid Waste Management Program
State of Wyoming
Department of Environmental Quality
i 22 West 25th Street
Herschler Building
Cheyenne, WY 82002
307-777-7752
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How to Prepare Waste for
Shipment
Package and label your drums
and containers as required by the
U.S. Department of Transpor-
tation (DOT). Your state may
have additional requirements for
preparing hazardous waste for
shipment. If you need assistance
with these requirements, contact
DOT (202-366-5580) or your
state transportation agency.
Fill out a Uniform Hazardous
Waste Manifest to accompany
each shipment.
Your transporter can help you
prepare the shipment. You still
are responsible for the waste,
however, and you must sign the
Manifest. ~ -^
What Is a Manifest?
The Uniform Hazardous Waste
Manifest is a special formEPA
.Form 8700-22that must accom-.-
pany shipments of hazardous
waste. A copy of the Manifest and
instructions for completing it are
.included in this brochure.
* Federal law requires that any
firm that produces more than 100
kilograms (220 pounds or approxi-
mately one-half of a 55-gallon
drum) of hazardous waste (or one
kilogram of acutely toxic waste)
in a calendar month use a fully
completed Manifest when ship-
ping its hazardous waste off-site.
Some states print their own ver-
sion of the Manifest, using the
state name and logo. Contact your
state hazardous waste agency to
find out if your state does; if so,
you must use the state form. If you
are sending hazardous waste out
of state, you must use the
Manifest of the state to which you
are sending the waste. (If that state
does not have its own Manifest
form, use the Manifest form of the
state in which you generated the
waste.)
The Manifest must accompany
the waste wherever it travels. Each
individual handler of the waste
must sign the Manifest and keep
one copy. When the waste reaches
its destination, the owner of that
facility returns a copy of the
Manifest to you to confirm that
the waste arrived. If the waste
does not arrive as scheduled, you
should try to find out what hap-
pened. If you are unable to deter-
mine what went wrong, notify
EPA or your state agency so that
they can investigate and take ap-
propriate action. You must keep
copies of the Manifest for three
years after shipment. Remember,
it is your waste and you remain re-
sponsible for it.
How to Obtain Additional
Copies of the Manifest
Contact your Regional EPA of-
fice or state agency for additional
copies of the Manifest. Ask for
EPA Form 8700-22. If your state
(and, if you are shipping out of
state, the receiving state) does not
have its own version of the
Manifest, you may purchase
copies of the EPA Manifest from
-some commercial printers, or ob-
~tain copies from some hazardous
waste treatment, storage, or dis-
posal facilities.
Filling Out the Manifest
Instructions for completing the
Manifest are provided on the back
of the sample Manifest included
with this brochure. New industry-
specific inserts, also included in
this brochure, contain information
that can help you complete the
Manifest for some of the wastes
you produce. Your EPA Regional
office, state agency, or the RCRA/
Superfund Hotline can also
provide assistance.
Waste Minimization:
It's Good Business
Waste minimization means re-
ducing the amount of waste your
company generates. EPA strongly
encourages the minimization of all
wastes that pose risks to human
health and the environment. Under
RCRA, small quantity hazardous
waste generators must certify that
they have made a good faith effort
to reduce the volume of hazardous
waste they generate.
Many states have waste mini-
mization programs that can help
you identify cost-effective ap-
proaches to reducing the volume
and toxicity of wastes. The EPA
publication, Waste Minimization:
Environmental Quality with
Economic Benefits (EPA/530-SW-
87-026) can also help you develop
a waste minimization plan. The
following is one industry-specific
example of successful waste mini-
mization practices.
Drycleaners can minimize hazardous waste produced by
their operations through simple process changes, mainte-
nance procedures, and efficient operating practices. The
environmental "culprit" in the drycleaning process is sol-
vent waste. Solvent wastes are used solvents that cannot be
extracted from filters, and solvent residues that remain in
the system after recovery and treatment. Even though re-
covery/recycling processes are built into the drycleaning
process, solvent loss is possible due to leaks, spills, and
poor management practices. Eliminating these problems
can result in less waste and reduced spending for "fresh"
solvents.
The benefits of a waste minimization program can be
impressive. Below are examples of steps that some
drycleaning facilities have taken to reduce wastes.
Process Changes
One drycleaning operation
reduced its solvent wastes to a
level well below national in-
dustry standards by imple-
menting regular checks for
system leaks and installing a
system to recover additional
solvent. The system involved
azeotropic conditioning (a pro-
cess which maintains a con-
stant composition in the sol-
vent) and a carbon absorption
unit. With this new setup, the
plant cleans four times as
many clothes per drum of
solvent. This translates into
real savings for the facility;
waste disposal costs are cut,
and less new solvent must be
purchased. Increased solvent
recovery also means a cleaner
environment.
Regular Maintenance
Leaks from worn equip-
ment can easily go unnoticed
unless routinely checked for
signs of solvent'loss. The fol-
lowing are a few of the areas
that should be checked regu-
larly for liquid leakage, and re-
paired if worn or damaged:
hose connections, couplings,
and valve machines
filter head gasket and seating
pumps and storage tanks
cartridge filters
Efficient
Operating Practices
Improved operating prac-
tices can significantly reduce
waste and save money.
Drycleaners can eliminate un-
necessary solvent loss by fol-
lowing simple procedures such
as the following:
Keep containers of solvent
closed while not in use.
* Clean lint screens regularly
to avoid clogging of the fans
and condensers. The opera-
tion of the solvent recovery
system is impeded if the con-
densers are caked with lint.
Size the garment load cor-
rectly relative to the size of
equipment. Overloading re-
sults in incomplete solvent
extraction, while underload-
ing increases the amount of
solvent loss per garment.
Consider purchasing newer,
more efficient equipment.
Process-specific waste
minimization options are con-
tinually being developed and
tested. Simple, common-sense
changes in facility operation
can result in both substantial
savings for generators and
good news for the environ-
ment. For more information,
contact your state agency or
EPA Regional office, or access
the Pollution Prevention
Information Clearinghouse
through the RCRA/Superfund
Hotline.
-------
Vehicle Maintenance
Industry Overview
If your business is in the vehicle maintenance category, then
the products you use on the vehicles and on your equipment,
tools, hands, or floor might contain hazardous materials, and the
waste generated by using these products might be hazardous
waste. If you generate hazardous waste, you might be subject to
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements
covering the generation, transportation, and management of haz-
ardous waste.
Your business is classified under vehicle maintenance if you
repair or maintain:
- Vans
Trucks
Vehicle Fleets
Heavy equipment
Farm equipment.
Vehicle maintenance operations that might generate hazardous
waste include:
Removing oil or grease
Removing rust, dirt, or paint
Repairing or rebuilding
Refinishing or restoring
Painting
Replacing lead-acid batteries.
Hazardous Wastes
from Vehicle Maintenance
Everyday mechanics and body repair personnel use products
containing hazardous materials. Products containing materials that
are hazardous to human health and the environment include:
Rust removers that contain strong acid or alkaline
solutions
Carburetor cleaners that contain flammable or
combustible liquids
Parts cleaners and degreasers that contain toxic
chemicals
Paint thinners or reducers that are ignitable or
contain toxic constituents
Motor oil and other petroleum products that
are ignitable or contain toxic chemicals
Auto and truck batteries.
Waste that is generated as a result of using these products might
be RCRA-regulated hazardous waste.
Table 1 lists typical processes/operations that use products that
might contain hazardous materials and that probably generate haz-
ardous waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about
half of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month,
you must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the
proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each
waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a
number of wastes that might be generated during vehicle mainte-
nance operations. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive
lists. If you suspect any waste you generate is hazardous, check
with your state hazardous waste management agency or Regional
EPA office.
There are special provisions in the regulations for spent lead-
acid batteries and used oil. You do not have to use a Manifest
when you ship used lead batteries that are destined for recycling or
used motor oil that is destined for recycling. If, however, you are
disposing of used oil yourself or are sending it off-site for
disposal, you generally should handle it as hazardous waste be-
cause it is likely to be ignitable or toxic. Special requirements
apply if you are burning used oil as fuel. Your state might have
its own requirements for lead-acid batteries or used oil; check with
your state hazardous waste management agency.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027a
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Vehicle Maintenance Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/Operation
Materials Used
Typical Material Ingredient
General Types of Waste Generated
Degreasing
Rust Removal
Paint Preparation
Painting
Spray Booth, Spray Guns,
and Brush Cleaning
Paint Removal
Tank Cleanout
Installing Lead-Acid
Batteries
Degreasers (gunk), carburetor
cleaners, engine cleaners,
solvents, acids/alkalies,
cleaning fluids
Naval jelly, strong acids, strong
alkalies
Paint thinners, enamel reducers,
white spirits
Enamels, lacquers, epoxies,
alkyds, acrylics, primers,
solvents
Paint thinners, enamel reducers,
solvents, white spirits
Solvents, paint thinners, enamel
reducers, white spirits
Solvents or cleaners to wash out
tanks, residues
Used batteries of cars, trucks,
boats, motorcycles, and other
vehicles
Petroleum distillates, aromatic hydrocar-
bons, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene,
petroleum naphtha
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid,
hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide
Acid/alkaline wastes
Spent Solvents
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Alcohols, petroleum distillates, oxygenated Paint wastes
solvents, mineral spirits, ketones Spent solvents
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Acetone, toluene, benzene, petroleum Paint wastes
distillates, epoxy ester resins, methylene Spent solvents
chloride, xylene, VM&P naphtha, aromatic Ignitable wastes
hydrocarbons, methyl isobutyl, ketones Toxic wastes
Ketones, alcohols, toluene, acetone, Paint wastes
isopropyl alcohol, petroleum distillates, Spent solvents
mineral spirits Toxic wastes
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates, Paint wastes
methanol, methylene chloride, isopropyl Spent solvents
alcohol, mineral spirits, alcohols, ketones, Toxic wastes
other oxygenated solvents
Solvents, petroleum products in tanks
Lead dross
Tank draws containing toxic residues
Acid/alkaline wastes
Batteries (lead-acid)
-------
Table 2
Vehicle Maintenance Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
SPENT SOLVENTS
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene*
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Cresols*
Trichloroethylene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Hexachloroethane*
White Spirits, Varsol
1,1,1-Trichloroe thane
Petroleum Distillates
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2S04, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
AND IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroe thane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)- Cresol
TCE, Gemalgene, Lanadin, Lethurin,
Nialk, Perm-a-Chlor
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Chloroform
Perchloromethane Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Hexachloroethane
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Aerothene TT, Chlorten,
Chloroethane, Methyl Chloroform,
Alpha T, Chlorotene
Petroleum Distillates
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid (not more than 49%
strength)
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
, Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
CONTAINING:
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Cresol
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Naphtha
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Petroleum Distillate
Hazard Class
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid3
UN/NA
ID Number
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UNI 824
UN1823
UN 1830
UN1755
UN1184
UNI 114
UN 1294
UN1175
UNI 134
UN2076
UN1710
UNI 193
UN1888
UN 1846
NA9037
UN2553
UN2831
UN 1268
UN 1268
-------
Waste Type
I 3 U16 £ (continued)
Vehicle Maintenance Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
PAINT WASTES WITH HEAVY METALS
Heavy Metal paints or Heavy Metal Paints
paint sludges with:
Lead*
Nickel*
Chromium*
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS4
ORM-E
NA9189
OTHER WASTES
Lead-Acid Batteries Lead-Acid Batteries
Used Oil Various petroleum products
Ignitable Wastes, NOS4 Ignitable wastes
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Lead Dross (containing 3% or more free acid)
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
ORM-C
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
NA1794
NA1270
NA1270
UN 1993
NA1993
UN1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP leachate containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not necessarily correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Drycleaning and Laundry Plants
Industry Overview
While not all dry cleaning and laundry facilities produce haz-
ardous waste, those facilities using hazardous solvents might be
subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) re-
quirements covering the generation, transportation, and manage-
ment of hazardous waste.
The establishments covered under drycleaning and laundry
plants include:
Retail drycleaning stores
Industrial and linen supply plants with drycleaning
operations
Leather and fur cleaning plants
Self-service laundromats with drycleaning equipment
Other establishments with drycleaning operations.
Hazardous Wastes from
Drycleaning and Laundry Plants
Potential hazardous wastes generated by drycleaning and laun-
dry plants are primarily solvents. These solvents include:
Perchloroethylene, otherwise known as perc,
PCE, or tetrachloroethylene
Valclene, also known as fluorocarbon 113 or
trichlorotrifluoroethane
Petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard, quick-dry,
low-odor, and other solvents.
Perchloroethylene plants potentially produce three types of haz-
ardous wastes:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight)
Spent filter cartridges (total weight of the
cartridge and remaining solvent after draining)
Cooked powder residue (the total weight of
drained powder residues from diatomaceous or other
powder filter systems after heating to remove excess
solvent).
Valclene plants potentially produce two types of hazardous
wastes:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight)
Spent filter cartridges (total weight of the
cartridge and remaining solvent after draining).
Petroleum solvent plants potentially produce only one type of
hazardous waste:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight).
To determine whether your plant qualifies as a regulated gener-
ator and to complete the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest, you
EPA/530-SW-90-027b
must determine the weight of the hazardous waste your plant gen-
erates. Table 1 lists common types and average quantities of haz-
ardous waste produced per 1,000 pounds of clothes cleaned.
If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a
55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you must
fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship haz-
ardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the proper
Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each waste.
DOT description information is provided in Table 2 to aid in
preparing the Manifest. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehen-
sive lists. If you suspect you generate other hazardous wastes,
contact your state hazardous waste agency or Regional EPA office
for more information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Quantities of Hazardous Waste From Dry Cleaning
(Pounds of waste per 1,000 pounds of clothes cleaned)
Waste Type
Cleaning Method
PERC Valclene Petroleum Solvents
Average Quantity of Hazardous Waste (pounds)
Still Residues
Spent Cartridge Filters
Standard (carbon core)
Adsorptive (split)
Cooked Powder Residue
Drained Filter Muck
25
20
30
40
10
15
20
20
* Well-drained filter cartridges or drained filter muck are solids and are not
likely to meet the criteria for classification as ignitable solids; therefore,
they are usually not hazardous wastes. Be sure, however, that these wastes
do not fail the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure; if they do, they
are hazardous wastes.
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Waste Type
Table 2
Drycleaning and Laundry Plants Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Perc
Valclene
Petroleum Solvents
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Waste Perchloroethylene or Waste ORM-A
Tetrachloroethylene
Hazardous Waste, NOS2 ORM-E
Waste Petroleum Distillate
Waste Petroleum Naphtha
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS ORM-E
UN 1897
UN9189
Combustible Liquid3 UN 1268
Combustible Liquid UN 1255
NA9189
1 In certain situations, other DOT descriptions may be applicable to the wastes listed.
2 NOS - not otherwise specified.
3 If the flash point of the solvent or residue as disposed of is less than 100°F, the hazard class is "flammable liquid." Although the flash point of petroleum
dp/cleaning solvents is above 100°F, the presence of contaminants (such as printing inks) could lower the overall flash point to below 100°F.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Furniture/Wood Manufacturing and Refinishing
Industry Overview
Not all furniture/wood manufacturing and refinishing opera-
tions produce hazardous waste. If, however, you use any solvents,
flammable or combustible liquids, combustible solids, ignitable
paints containing flammable solvents, or other materials contain-
ing toxic chemicals, the waste generated from using these materi-
als might be hazardous, and you might be subject to Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering
the generation, transportation, and management of hazardous
waste.
Your business is included in the furniture/wood manufacturing
and refinishing category if you manufacture, refinish, reupholster,
or repair:
Wooden kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer, softwood veneer, or plywood
Particleboard
Wooden household furniture or upholstered furniture
Wooden office furniture, lockers, office and store
fixtures.
Hazardous Wastes from Furniture/Wood
Manufacturing and Refinishing
The furniture/wood manufacturing and refinishing industry
uses many solvents. Spent solvents and solvent still bottoms are
usually hazardous wastes. In addition to solvent wastes, your fa-
cility might generate ignitable wastes or toxic wastes. Many
wastes generated from the use of paints, wood treatments, stains,
varnishes, polishes, and adhesives might be ignitable or might
fail the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test.
Sawmills and planing mills can generate wastewaters that fail the
TCLP test.
Table 1 lists general processes/operations that use hazardous
materials and that can result in the generation of hazardous waste.
If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a 55-
gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you must
fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship the
hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the
proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each
waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a num-
ber of wastes that might be generated during furniture and wood
manufacturing and refinishing. Table 1 and Table 2 are not com-
prehensive lists. If you generate a waste that is not in these ta-
bles, consult your EPA Regional office or state hazardous waste
management agency to determine if your waste is hazardous and
to obtain the proper DOT information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
RPA/.S30-SW-90-027C
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Furniture Manufacturing and Refinishing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Wood
Cleaning and
Wax
Removal
Refinishing/
Stripping
Staining
Painting
Materials
Used
Petroleum
distillates, white
spirits
Paint removers,
varnish
removers,
enamel
removers,
shellac
removers, paint
solvents,
turpentine
Stains
Enamels,
lacquers,
epoxies, alkyds,
acrylics
Typical Material
Ingredient
Petroleum distillates.
mineral spirits
Acetone, toluene,
petroleum distillates,
methanol, methylene
chloride, alcohols,
ketones, oxygenated
solvents
Mineral spirits.
alcohol, pigments
Toluene, pigments,
titanium dioxide,
epoxy-ester resins.
aromatic hydrocar-
bons, glycol ether,
General Types
of Waste
Generated
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent waptes
Finishing
Brush
Cleaning and
Spray Gun
Cleaning
Varnish, shellac,
polyurethane,
lacquers, wood
treatments,
polish
Paint thinners,
enamel reducers,
varnish
removers,
shellac
removers, white
spirits
halogenated hydro-
carbons, vinyl-
acetate acrylic
Denatured alcohols,
resins, shellac,
petroleum distillates,
toluene diisocyanate
Acetone, toluene,
petroleum distillates.
methanol, methylene
chloride, isopropanol,
mineral spirits,
alcohols
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Spent solvents
Solvent still
bottoms
Ignitable
wastes
Toxic wastes
Spent solvents
Solvent still
bottoms
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 2
Furniture/Wood Manufacturing and Refinishing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
SPENT SOLVENTS AND
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene*
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Hexachloroe thane*
Cresols*
Pentachlorophenol*
Acetone
White Spirits, Varsol
Kerosene
Methylene Chloride
Toluene
Benzene*
Ethanol
Phenol*
STILL BOTTOMS AND IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-Dichloro-
ethane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Chloroform
Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Hexachloroe thane
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p-Cresol)
Pentachlorophenol
Acetone
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
Dichloromethane, Methane Dichloride,
Methylene Bichloride, NCI-C50102,
Solaesthin, Aerothene, Narkotil,
Solmethine
Toluene, Methacide, Methylbenzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Toluol, Antisal 1A
Benzene, Benzol
Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol
Phenol
PAINT WASTES WITH HEAVY METALS
Heavy Metal paints with:
Lead*
Nickel*
Chromium*
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Cresol
Waste Pentachlorophenol, Liquid or Solid
Waste Acetone
Waste Naphtha
Waste Kerosene
Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride
Waste Toluene (Toluol)
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Phenol
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS4
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid3
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
ORM-E
UNI 184
UNI 114
UN 1294
UNI 175
UNI 134
UNI 193
UN 1888
UN 1846
NA9037
UN2076
NA2020
UN 1090
UN2553
UN 1223
UN 1593
UN 1294
UNI 114
UN 1770
UN1671
NA9189
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Wastes, NOS
Ignitable Wastes NOS, Solvents
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Petroleum Distillates
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
UN 1993
NA1993
UN1325
UN 1268
NA9189
x Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Equipment Repair
Industry Overview
Not all equipment repair operations produce hazardous waste.
If, however, you use any solvents, petroleum products, paints,
special parts cleaners and fluids, or lacquers, the waste generated
from using these materials might be hazardous. If you generate
hazardous waste, you might be subject to Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering the generation,
transportation, and management of hazardous waste.
Your business is included in the equipment repair category if
you operate a:
Radio and/or television repair shop
Refrigeration and air conditioning service or repair
shop
Miscellaneous equipment shop (e.g., electrical
household appliances or industrial equipment)
or if you repair equipment used for:
Pipelines (except natural gas)
Communications
Power generation transmission
Automatic merchandising machines
Amusement parks.
Hazardous Wastes
from Equipment Repair
Everyday mechanics and repair personnel use products contain-
ing hazardous materials. Products that contain materials that are
hazardous to human health and the environment include:
Rust removers that contain strong acid or alkaline
solutions
Degreasers that contain ignitable liquids and toxic
chemicals
Paint thinners or reducers that are ignitable
and/or contain toxic chemicals
Paints and coatings with heavy metals or toxic
constituents.
Table 1 lists typical operations/processes that use products that
might contain hazardous materials and that probably generate haz-
ardous waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about
half of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month,
you must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the
Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each waste.
Table 2 lists the proper DOT shipping descriptions for a number
of wastes that might be generated during equipment repair opera-
tions. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If you
suspect that any waste you are generating is hazardous, check
with your state hazardous waste management agency or EPA
Regional office.
There are special provisions in the regulations for used oil.
You do not have to use a Manifest when you ship used motor oil
that is destined for recycling. If, however, you are disposing of
used oil yourself or are sending it offsite for disposal, you gener-
ally should handle it as hazardous waste because it is likely to be
ignitable or toxic. There are special requirements that apply if you
are burning used oil as fuel. Your state might have its own re-
quirements for used oil; check with your state hazardous waste
management agency.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
= Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027d
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Equipment Repair Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/Operation
Materials Used
Typical Material Ingredient
General Types of
Waste Generated
Degreasing; Engine, Parts, and
Equipment Cleaning
Rust Removal
Paint Preparation
Painting
Spray Booth, Spray Guns, and Brush
Cleaning
Paint Removal
Degreasers (gunk), carburetor
cleaners, engine cleaners, solvents,
acids/alkalies, cleaning fluids
Naval jelly, strong acids, strong
alkalies
Paint thinners, enamel reducers,
white spirits, paint removers
Enamels, lacquers, epoxies, alkyds,
acrylics, primers, solvents
Paint thinners, enamel reducers,
solvents, white spirits
Solvents, paint thinners, enamel
reducers, white spirits
Petroleum distillates, aromatic
hydrocarbons, mineral spirits,
benzene, toluene, petroleum naphtha
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid,
hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide
Alcohols, petroleum distillates,
oxygenated solvents, mineral
spirits, ketones
Acetone, toluene, petroleum
distillates, epoxy ester resins,
methylene chloride, xylene, VM&P
naphtha, aromatic hydrocarbons,
methyl isobutyl, ketones
Ketones, alcohols, toluene, acetone,
isopropyl alcohol, petroleum
distillates, mineral spirits
Acetone, toluene, petroleum
distillates, methanol, methylene
chloride, isopropyl alcohol, mineral
spirits, alcohols, ketones, other
oxygenated solvents
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic wastes
Ignitable wastes
Spent solvents
Acid/alkaline wastes
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Spent solvents
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Spent solvents
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Paint wastes
Spent solvents
Toxic wastes
Waste Type
Table 2
Equipment Repair Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid (not more than 49%
strength)
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda, Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
SPENT SOLVENTS AND IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene*
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroethane
Benzene
Corrosive Material NA2672
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN 1823
UNI 832
UN 1755
UN1184
UNI 114
-------
TdulB 2 (continued)
Equipment Repair Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Designations/Trade Names
Toluene
Ethyl benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Toluene (tuluol)
Waste Ethyl benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Hazard Class
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1294
UNI 175
UN1134
Cresols*
Trichloroethylene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Hexachloroethane*
White Spirits, Varsol
1,1,1 -Trichloroe thane
Petroleum Distillates
Phenylchloride
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)- Cresol
TCE, Oemalgene, Lanadin, Lethurin,
Nialk, Perm-a-Chlor
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Chloroform
Perchloromethane Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Hexachloroethane
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Aerothene TT, Chlorten,
Chloroethane, Methyl Chloroform,
Alpha T, Chlorotene
Petroleum Distillates
PAINT WASTES WITH HEAVY METALS
Heavy Metal paints with: Heavy Metal Paints
Lead*
Nickel*
Chromium*
Waste Cresol
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Naphtha
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Petroleum Distillate
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS4
Corrosive Material UN2076
ORM-A UN1710
Flammable Liquid UN 1193
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
UN 1888
UN 1846
NA9037
UN2553
UN2831
Flammable Liquid UN 1268
Combustible Liquid3 UN 1268
ORM-E
NA9189
OTHER WASTES
Used Oil Various petroleum products
Ignitable Wastes, NOS Ignitable Wastes
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
NA1270
NA1270
UN 1993
NA1993
UN 1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a leachate containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory levels is
hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazarous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
-------
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Textile Manufacturing
Industry Overview
Not all textile manufacturing industries produce hazardous
waste. If, however, you use hazardous solvents and materials
containing toxic chemicals, you might be subject to Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering
the generation, transportation, and management of hazardous
waste.
The following textile manufacturing industry segments are
covered by this summary:
Broad woven fabric mills and wool mills, including
dyeing and finishing
Knitting mills and knit goods finishing
Other dyeing and finishing textile mills
Floor covering mills, including dyeing and finishing.
Hazardous Wastes from Textile
Manufacturing
Most of the hazardous waste generated by textile manufacturers
results from the use of solvents. Solvents are used hi the dry-
cleaning of synthetic fiber knit fabrics and woven and wool fab-
rics; in specialty operations such as tricot and lace splitting or
solvent scouring; in dyeing operations; and in some finishing op-
erations for impregnation or coating of textile fibers. In addition,
solvents are used to clean machinery such as rollers and spinning
machines used in textile manufacturing. Spent solvents are listed
hazardous wastes. In addition, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethy-
lene, benzene, and ethylene dichloride are included in the recently
expanded Toxicity Characteristic. Insecticides and disinfectants
also sometimes contain Toxicity Characteristic chemicals such as
cresols, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. Wastewaters or
other process wastes containing these chemicals are hazardous if
they fail the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
test.
Table 1 lists general processes/operations that use hazardous
materials and that might result in the generation of hazardous
waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half
of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you
must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship the hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires
the proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for
each waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a
number of wastes that are potentially generated during textile mill
operations. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If
you suspect that you generate a waste that is not included in this
summary, contact your state hazardous waste management agency
or EPA Regional office for assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification -
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Textile Manufacturing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Wool Scouring
Materials Used
Disinfectants,
insecticides, solvents
General Types of
Waste Generated
Spent solvents
Toxic wastes
Fabric and
Floorcovering
Finishing
Stock and Yam
Processing,
Dyeing, and
Finishing
Dyes, solvents, lacquers, Spent solvents
bleaches, finishing
agents, adhesives
Solvents, dyes
Toxic wastes
Wastewaters and
wastewater treatment
sludges with toxic
constituents
Spent solvents
Toxic wastes
EPA/530-SW-90-027e
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Waste Type
Table 2
Textile Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
WASTE SOLVENTS, SOLVENT STILL
Tetrachloroethylene*
Trichloroethylene*
Methylene Chloride
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Chlorobenzene*
Toluene
Benzene*.
Xylene
Ethylene Dichloride*
Varsol
White Spirits
Mineral Spirits
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS4
Hazardous Waste, NOS
BOTTOMS AND OTHER TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Waste Tetrachloroethylene or Perchloroethylene
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene chloride
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Toluene or Toluol
Waste Benzene or Benzol
Waste Xylene (xylol)
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Naphtha
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid3
Combustible Liquid
UN 1897
UN1710
UN 1593
UN2831
UNI 134
UN 1294
UN1115
UN 1307
UN1184
UN 1256
UN 1256
Flammable Liquid UN1993
Combustible Liquid NA1993
Flammable Solid UN 1325
ORM-E UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP leachate containing a Toxicity Characteristic constitutent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point less than 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - not otherwise specified.
For further Information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Wood Preserving
Industry Overview
Not all wood preserving operations produce hazardous waste.
If, however, you use arsenical compounds, pentachlorophenol, or
creosote, you are probably subject to Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering the generation,
transportation, and management of hazardous waste.
Wood preservation involves two general steps: pretreatment
(reducing the moisture content of the wood) and preservation
(permeating the wood with a preserving agent). A typical wood
preserving operation uses any of the following processes:
steaming, inorganic salt treatment, boultonizing, or kiln or air
drying utilizing one or more of the three principal wood
preserving agents:
Creosote
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Inorganic arsenical compounds (CCA - Chromated
Copper Arsenate or ACA -Ammoniacal Copper
Arsenate).
Hazardous Wastes
from Wood Preserving
The wastewater treatment sludge generated from wood
preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol is
listed by EPA as a hazardous waste. EPA might list additional
wood preserving wastes in the future. Waste from using inorganic
arsenicals is frequently a hazardous waste if it contains either
chromium or arsenic at levels high enough to fail the Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Other wastes from
wood preserving operations might fail the TCLP test if they
contain high levels of creosols, phenol, or pentachlorophenol.
Table 1 lists general operations/processes that use hazardous
materials and that might generate hazardous waste. If you generate
100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a 55-gallon drum) or
more of hazardous waste per month, you must fill out a Uniform
Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship the hazardous waste off
your property. The Manifest requires the proper Department of
Transportation (DOT) description for each waste. Table 2 lists
proper DOT shipping descriptions for a number of wastes that
might be generated during wood preserving. Table 1 and Table 2
are not comprehensive lists. If you suspect you generate other
hazardous wastes, contact your state hazardous waste management
agency or EPA Regional office for assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste
management, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product
quality, and community relations. Waste minimization techniques
that can help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you
generate include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Wood Preserving Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials
Used
Typical Material
Ingredient
General Types
of Waste
Generated
Steam
Preconditioning
Organic
solvents,
preservatives
Pentachlorophenol,
xylol, stoddard
solvent, arsenic,
creosote
Boulton Precon- Preservatives Penlachlorophenol,
ditioning arsenic, creosote
Inorganic Salt
Treatment
Non-pressure
Treatment
Preservation
(with air or kiln
drying)
Inorganic
salts,
preservatives
Preservatives
Arsenic, borates,
ammonium
compounds
Arsenic, chromium,
chromated copper
arsenate (CCA),
creosote
Waslewater
treatment
sludges
Toxic heavy
metal wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic organic
wastes
Wastewater
treatment
sludges
Toxic heavy
metal wastes
Toxic organic
wastes
Wastewater
treatment
sludges
Toxic heavy
metal wastes
Toxic heavy
metal wastes
Toxic organic
wastes
F.PA/.S30-SW-90-027I'
Printed on rcc\clcd pane
-------
Table 2
Wood Preserving Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names
WOOD PRESERVING WASTES CONTAINING:
Creosote
Cresols*
Pentachlorophenol*
Chromated Copper
Arsenate
Ammoniacal Copper
Arsenate
Other Wood Preserving
Wastes
DOT Shipping Name
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Cresol
Waste Pentachlorophenol, Liquid or Solid
Waste Arsenical Compounds, Solids
Waste Arsenical Compounds, Liquids
Waste Arsenical Compounds, Solids
Waste Arsenical Compounds, Liquids
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-E
Corrosive Material
ORM-E
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
ORM-E
UN/NA
ID Number
NA9189
UN2076
NA2020
UN 1557
UN1556
UN1557
UN 1556
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal tp or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics and conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID
number do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 NOS Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Printing and Allied Industries
Industry Overview
Not all printing and allied industry operations produce haz-
ardous waste. If, however, you use solvents, strong acid or
alkaline solutions, or paint or ink containing toxic organic
chemicals or heavy metals, the waste you generate might be
hazardous. If so, you might be subject to Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering the generation,
transportation, and management of hazardous waste.
Many printing industries generate hazardous waste. Your firm
is included in printing and allied industries if it is involved in:
Preparation:
Typesetting
Lithography
Letterpress
Gravure
Engraving (stationery)
Photoengraving.
Printing:
Heatset lithography
Non-heatset lithography
Thermography
Business form printing
Sheetfed lithography
Letterpress printing (including flexography)
Gravure printing
Screen press printing.
Finishing Operations:
Looseleaf binder manufacturing
Trade binding operations
Book binding operations
In-house binding operations
Magazine and catalog binding operations.
Hazardous Wastes from
Printing and Allied Industries
Printing generates waste ink and ink sludges that might con-
tain solvents or heavy metals. The composition of inks used in
printing and allied industries varies greatly depending on whether
an ink is to be used for lithography, letterpress, gravure, flexog-
raphy, or screen printing. Oil-based or paste inks are generally
composed of colorant or pigments (carbon black, inorganic, and
organic), varnish (drying oils, alkyd, resin-phenolic, resin-ester),
drier (cobalt, manganese, or zirconium fatty acid compounds), and
sometimes an extender, solvents and modifiers (waxes, petroleum
solvents, and magnesia). Fluid inks contain a vehicle made of
resin and solvent or oil, and additives such as waxes, drier, and
wetting agents. While not all waste inks and ink sludges are haz-
ardous, those containing solvents or heavy metals generally are.
Photographic processes are used in all major printing opera-
tions for image conversion and plate making. Photographic
wastes, including heavy metal solutions and spent solvents, make
up a large portion of the hazardous waste generated in these indus-
tries. Photographic wastes such as processing solutions, develop-
ers, hardeners, plating chemicals, fountain solutions, and fixing
baths, that are sent directly to publicly owned treatment works
(POTWs) for disposal are exempt from RCRA requirements (as is
any waste sent directly to a POTW). Silver-containing solutions
that pass through electrolytic, chemical replacement, or ion ex-
change silver recovery units located on your premises are also ex-
empt. If, however, you send your waste offsite for silver recycling
or solvent recovery, the waste must be accompanied by a Uniform
Hazardous Waste Manifest.
Table 1 lists typical processes/operations in the printing and
allied industries that might produce hazardous waste. Table 2 pro-
vides the Department of Transportation (DOT) information needed
for the Manifest for some wastes generated by printers. Table 1
and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If you do not find your
waste here but suspect it is hazardous, contact your EPA
Regional office or state hazardous waste management agency for
additional information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027g
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Printing and Allied Industries Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/Operation
Materials Used
Typical Material Ingredient
General Types of Waste
Generated
PLATE PREPARATION
*Counter-Etching to Remove
Oxides
*Deep-Etch Coating of Plates
*Etch Baths
Applying Light-sensitive
Coating
Developing Plates
*Applying lacquer
Using Ink (lithography,
letterpress, screen printing,
flexography)
Making Gravure Cylinders
Phosphoric acid
Deep-etch bath
Multimetal plate and plate
coating
Resins, binders, emulsifiers,
photosensitizers, gelatin,
photoinitiators
Developer
Resins, solvents, vinyl lacquer,
lacquer developers
Pigments, dyes, vamish, drier,
extender, modifier, fountain
solutions
Acid plating bath
STENCIL PREPARATION FOR SCREEN PRINTING
Lacquer Stencil Film
Photographic Stencil Film
Photoemulsion
Blockout (screen filler)
PHOTOPROCESSING
Developing Negatives and
Prints
PRINTING
Using Ink (lithography,
letterpress, screen printing
lexography)
CLEAN UP
Wash/Clean Plates, Type, Die,
Press Blankets and Rollers
Solvents, polyester film, vinyl
film, dyes
Organic acids, gelatin
Phosphoric acid
Ammonium dichromate, ammonium hydroxide
Ferric chloride (copper), aluminum/zinc
chloride/hydrochloric acid (chromium), nitric
acid (zinc, magnesium), gum arabic
PVA/ammonium dichloromate, polyvinyl
cinnamate, fish glue/albumin, silver halide,
gelatin, emulsifiers, gum arabic/ammonium
dichromate
Lactic acid, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride,
hydroquinone
PVC, PVA, maleic acid, methyl ethyl ketone,
cyclohexanone, isophorone
Titanium oxide, iron blues, molybdated chrome
orange, phthalocyanine pigments, oils,
hydrocarbon solvents, waxes, cobalt/
zinc/manganese oleates, plasticizers, barium-
based pigments
Copper, chromic acid, chrome
Aliphatic acetates, cellulose-based lacquer,
plasticizers
Acids, alkalies, peroxide-forming compounds,
(pigmented), polyester film base plasticizers, surfactants
Resins, binders,
photosensitizers, dyes
Pigmented polymers, solvents,
acetates
Developer, cleaning agents,
wetting agents, fixers, bleaches
Pigments, dyes, varnish, drier,
extender, modifier, fountain
solutions, inks, solvents,
plates, shellacs
Alcohols, solvents, rags,
alkaline cleaners
PVA, PVAC, ammonium or potassium
bichromate, diazonium compounds
Methylene chloride, methanol, methyl
cellulose acetates
Hydroquinone, ammonium thiosulfate, silver,
lead, chromium, cadmium, phenol, toluene,
chloroform, ethyl benzene, methylene chloride
Titanium oxide, iron blues, molybdated chrome
orange, phthalocyanide pigments, oils, hydro-
carbon solvents, waxes, cobalt/zinc/
manganese oleates, plasticizers, barium-based
pigments, acrylic copolymers
Ethyl alcohol, benzene, toluene, xylene,
isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone,
trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, carbon
tetrachloride, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene
Acid/alkaline wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Heavy metal wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Heavy metal wastes
Photographic processing wastes
Photographic processing wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic waste ink with
solvents/chromium/lead/barium.
Ink sludges with chromium/lead/
barium
Plating wastes
Solvent wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Photographic processing wastes
Solvent wastes
Photographic processing wastes
Heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Ink sludges with chromium or lead
Ink toxic wastes with metals or
organic constituents
Solvent wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Ink toxic wastes with metals or
organic constituents
Solvent wastes
Older technologies.
-------
Waste Type
Table 2
Printing and Allied Industries Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTES
Heavy Metal Solutions
Photographic processing waste
containing heavy metals
Hazardous Waste Solution containing Cadmium, ORM-E
Chromium, Lead, and/or Cyanide
SPENT SOLVENTS AND OTHER WASTES CONTAINING:
Trichloroethylene*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Ethanol
Isopropanol
Ethyl Benzene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Methylene Chloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Chlorobenzene*
Chloroform*
Trichloroethylene, Trichloroethene,
Ethinyl trichloride, Tri-Clene,
Trielene, Tri
Carbon Tetrachloride,
Perchloromethane, Necatorina,
Benzinoform, CC14
Ethanol, Ethyl alcohol
Isopropanol, Isopropyl alcohol
Ethyl Benzene
Aerothene TT, Chlorten, Inhibisol,
Trichloroethane, Chlorothen NU, NCI-
C04626, Methylchloroform,
Chlorothene VG, Chlorothane NU,
Chlorotene
Dichloromethane, Methane dichloride,
Methylene bichloride, NCI-CS0102,
Methylene dichloride, Solaesthin,
Aerothene MM, Narkotil, Solmethine
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
Chloroform
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride ORM-A
WASTE INK WITH SOLVENTS OR HEAVY METALS
Waste Ink
CORROSIVE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrochloric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Sodium Hydroxide
Various ingredients: Carbon
tetrachloride, Chloroform, Methylene
chloride, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,2-
Dichloroethane, Benzene, Toluene,
Ethyl benzene, Tetrachloroethylene,
Trichloroethylene, Chromium,
Copper, Lead, Zinc, Cyanide,
Aluminum, Cadmium, Nickel, Cobalt
Ammonium Hydroxide, Aqua
Ammonia, Ammonia Water, Spirit of
Hartshorn, NH4OH
Hydrochloric Acid, Muriatic Acid
Nitric Acid, Aquafortis, HNO3
Phosphoric Acid, Orthophosphoric
Acid, H2SO4
Sodium Hydroxide, Caustic Soda, Soda
Lye, Sodium hydrate, NaOH
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Chloroform
Waste Ink
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Combustible Liquid3
Flammable Liquid
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide
(containing not less than 12% but not more than
44% ammonia)
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrochloric Acid Mixture
Waste Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
Waste Nitric Acid (40% or less nitric acid)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
NA9189
UN1710
UN 1846
UNI 170
UN1219
UNI 175
UN2831
UN1593
UN1193
UN1134
UN1888
UN2867
UN1210
Corrosive Material NA2672
NA2672
NA1789
UN1789
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1824
UN1823
-------
TdDl6 2 (continued)
Printing and Allied Industries Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
Designations/Trade Names
Sulfuric Acid, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
UN/NA
Hazard Class ID Number
Corrosive Material UN 1832
Corrosive Material UN 1755
SPENT PLATING WASTES
Spent Plating Wastes
Spent etch baths, spent plating
solutions and sludges, stripping and
cleaning baths
INK SLUDGE WITH CHROMIUM OR LEAD
Ink Sludge with Chromium Ink sludge containing heavy metals
or Lead
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Wastes, NOS
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS4
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
ORM-E NA9189
ORM-E NA9189
Flammable Liquid UN 1993
Combustible Liquid UN1993
Flammable Solid UN1325
ORM-E UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not othervise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Chemical Manufacturers
Industry Overview
Chemical manufacturers produce a large variety of hazardous
wastes that might be subject to Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering the generation,
transportation, and management of hazardous waste.
Your business is included in the chemical manufacturers
category if you manufacture:
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial organic chemicals
Pigments
Plastics
Pesticides
Synthetic rubber
Explosives
Synthetic fibers
Gum and wood chemicals.
Hazardous Wastes from
Chemical Manufacturing
The many different processes used in the chemical
manufacturing industry result in a large number of specific
wastes. Typical wastes from chemical manufacturing plants
include spent solvents, distillation bottoms and side-cuts, off-
specification or unused chemicals, wastewater, wastewater
treatment sludge, emission control sludges, filter cake, spent
catalysts, byproducts, reactor cleanout wastes, and container
residues. Many wastes from chemical manufacturing (e.g., spent
solvents and off-specification chemicals) are listed wastes.
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) toxic
constituents have been detected in many other chemical
manufacturing wastes.
Table 1 provides a general description of chemical
manufacturing waste types. If you generate more than 100
kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a 5 5-gallon drum) of
hazardous waste per month, you must complete a Uniform
Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship your waste. The
Manifest requires the DOT (Department of Transportation)
description of the waste, including shipping name, hazard class,
and UN/NA ID number. This information can be found in Table 2
for a number of wastes that chemical manufacturers might
generate. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If you
suspect that you generate a hazardous waste that is not on this
list, contact your state hazardous waste management agency or
EPA Regional office for assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste man-
agement, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality,
and community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027H
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Chemical Manufacturing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials Used
General Types of
Waste Generated
Pigment
Manufacturing
Pesticide
Manufacturing
Synthetic Fiber
Manufacturing:
Cellulosic Fibers
Synthetic Fiber
Manufacturing:
Non-cellulosic
(acrylic, nylon,
polyester)
Acids/alkalies, heavy
metals (catalysts and
salts), solvents,
petroleum distillates
Pesticides, carriers,
dispensing agents,
solvents
Cellulose acetate/rayon
pigments, solvents,
bleaches, lubricants,
dyeing assistants,
stabilizers, delustrants,
brighteners
Pigments, solvents,
bleaches, lubricants,
dyeing assistants,
stabilizers, delustrants,
brighteners, polymeric
materials
Acid/alkaline wastes
Heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Heavy metal wastes
(solutions )
Solvent wastes
Toxic organic liquids
Toxic wastewaters and
sludges
Pesticide wastes
Ignitable wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
Toxic wastewaters and
sludges
Other toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
Reactive wastes
Still bottoms
Solvent wastes
Reactive wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
Toxic wastewaters and
sludges
Other toxic wastes
Table 1 (continued)
Typical Chemical Manufacturing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/ Materials Used
Operation
Rubber Monomers, solvents.
Manufacturing paints, catalysts
General Types of
Waste Generated
Toxic heavy metal wastes
Toxic or ignitable paint
wastes
Toxic wastewaters and
sludges
Other toxic wastes
Oily wastes
Solvent wastes
Waste rubber solids
Other Chemical
Manufacturing
Solvents, chemicals,
catalysts, acids/alkalies,
heavy metals
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge )
Other toxic wastes
Ignitable wastes
Reactive wastes (other)
Solvent wastes
Spent catalysts
Emission control dusts
and sludges
Table 2
Chemical Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
SPENT SOLVENTS, SOLVENT STILL BOTTOMS , AND IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
White Spirits
Kerosene
Benzene*
Ethyl Benzene
Toluene
Toluene Diisocyanate
Xylene
Ethanol
Isopropanol
Acetone
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Tetrahydrofuran
Metrnlene Chloride
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
Benzene
Ethyl Benzene
Toluene, Methacide, Methylbenzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Toluol, Antisal 1A
Toluene Diisocyanate
Xylene, Xylol
Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol
Isopropanol. Isopropyl Alcohol
Acetone
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Tetrahvdrofuran, THF
Waste Naphtha
Waste Naphtha
Waste Naphtha, Solvent
Waste Naphtha, Solvent
Waste Kerosene
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Toluene (Toluol)
Waste Toluene Diisocyanate
Waste Xylene
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Acetone
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Tetrahydrofuran
Combustible Liquid3
Flammable Liquid4
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN2553
UN2553
UN 1256
UN 1256
UN 1223
UN1114
UN) 175
UN 1294
Dichloromethane, Methane Dichloride, Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride
Methylene Bichloride, NCI-C50I02,
Solaesthin. Aerothene. Narkotil,
Solmethme
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
UN2078
UN 1307
UNI 170
UN1219
UN 1090
UNI 193
UN2056
UN1593
-------
Waste Type
I 3DI6 L. (continued)
Chemical Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene*
Chlorobenzene*
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Ethylene Dichloride*
Hexachloroethane*
Tetrachloroethylene
Phenol
Cresols
1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Aerothene XT,
Chlorten, Inhibisol, Trichloroethane,
Chlorothene NU, NCI-C04626,
Methylchloroform, Chlorothene VG,
Chlorothane NU, Chlorotene
Perm-A-Chlor, Trielin, Triline, Triol,
Vestrol, Chlorylene, Dow-Tri, Vitran,
TCE, Nialk, Philex
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
Chloroform
Perchloromethane Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroethane
Hexachloroethane
TCE, Gemalgene, Lanadin, Lethurin,
Nialk, Perm-a-Chlor
Phenol
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)-Cresol
OTHER IGNITABLE WASTES
Ignitable Wastes Ignitable Wastes
OTHER TOXIC WASTES
Hazardous Waste
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda,
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Phenol
Waste Cresol
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS5
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
Poison B
Corrosive Material
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
UN2831
UN1710
UNI 134
UN1888
UN 1846
UNI 184
NA9037
UN1710
UN1671
UN2076
UN 1993
NA1993
UN 1325
UN9189
NA2672
NA2672
UN 1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN 1823
UN1832
UN1755
-------
Waste Type
TdDlB 2 (continued)
Chemical Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
OTHER REACTIVE WASTES
Hypochlorite
Organic Peroxides
Hypochlorite, Sodium Hypochlorite
(or other salts), Hypochlorous Acid,
Clorox
Organic Peroxide
Sodium Perchlorates Sodium Perchlorate
Potassium Permanganate Potassium Permanganate
Sodium Permanganate Sodium Permanganate
Potassium Sulfide Potassium Sulfide
Sodium Sulfide Sodium Sulfide, Sodium Sulfuret
EMISSION CONTROL DUSTS AND SLUDGES
Flue Dusts from degassing Heavy metal dust containing Arsenic,
agents used in glass Barium, Cadmium, Chromium,
production Mercury, Lead, Silver, and/or Selenium
SPENT CATALYSTS
Waste heavy metal
catalysts from plastic
materials, synthetic
spinning and
polymerization
Heavy metal sludges with organics
containing Antimony, Cadtnium,
Cobalt, Manganese, and/or Zinc
Waste Hypochlorite solution (containing not ORM-B
more than 7% available chlorine by weight)
Waste Hypochlorite solution (containing more
than 7% available chlorine by weight)
Waste Organic Peroxide, Liquid or Solution,
NOS
Waste Sodium Perchlorate
Waste Potassium Permanganate
Waste Sodium Permanganate
Waste Potassium Sulfide
Waste Sodium Sulfide, Anhydrous
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS ORM-E
Hazardous Waste (Liquid or Solid), NOS ORM-E
UN1791
Corrosive Material
Organic Peroxide
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Flammable Solid
Flammable Solid
NA1791
NA9183
UN 1502
UN 1490
UN 1503
UN1382
UN1385
NA9189
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics and conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class and UN/NA ID
number do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 Still bottoms may not be hazardous if the concentrations of the hazardous materials in the still bottom are sufficiently low.
3 Formulations with a flash point less than 200°F and greater than or equal to 100°F.
4 Formulations with a flash point less than 100°F.
5 NOS Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services
Industry Overview
Not all pesticide use generates hazardous waste. If, however,
you dispose of pesticides or pesticide containers, clean pesticide
application equipment, or contaminate soils with pesticides, you
might be subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) requirements covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste. Farmers using pesticides are ex-
empt from most RCRA provisions, including preparation of a
Manifest, provided that pesticide containers are triple rinsed and
the rinse solution is either used or disposed of on their own farms
in accordance with the pesticide label instructions.
Several industries are included in the pesticide end-users!
application services category:
Agricultural pesticide application services
Lawn, garden, and tree services
Disinfecting and structural pest control services
Arboreta, botanical, and zoological gardens and
forestry operations
Public golf courses and other facilities regularly using
pesticides.
Hazardous Wastes Generated by
Pesticide End-Users and Applications
Many pesticides are commonly used in applications ranging
from protection of food and structures to pest and disease control
in home gardens. Pesticides can be harmful if not mixed and dis-
posed of in accordance with EPA-approved pesticide label instruc-
tions. Several types of wastes from pesticide end-users and appli-
cators are common:
Rinsewater - Solutions used to rinse application
equipment and product containers
Empty Containers Containers that retain
pesticide residues (unless triple rinsed)
Unused Pesticides Unusable or unidentifiable
material
Contaminated Soil Soil or other material
contaminated from spills.
Some very dilute rinsewater or soils contaminated with very
low pesticide concentrations might not be hazardous, but should
be treated as hazardous waste unless known to be nonhazardous
from label information, chemical analysis, or another reliable
source. Pesticide containers that are triple rinsed are not hazardous
waste, although the rinse solution might be hazardous. Some
pesticide formulations contain solvents or other material that
make the pesticide solution an ignitable or toxic hazardous waste.
Table 1 summarizes possible waste types from pesticide appli-
cation. If you generate more than 100 kilograms (220 pounds or
about half of a 55-gallon drum) of hazardous waste per month,
you must complete a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when
shipping your wastes. The Manifest requires the DOT
(Department of Transportation) description of the waste including
shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number. This infor-
mation can be found in Table 2 for some wastes associated with
pesticide use.
To assess whether RCRA requirements are applicable, the en-
tire weight of each waste (e.g., the weight of any contaminated
soil), not just the weight of the pesticide, is considered.
Regardless of the quantity generated, pesticide waste should be
disposed of according to EPA-approved pesticide container label
instructions. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If
you suspect that you generate a hazardous waste that is not listed,
contact your state hazardous waste management agency or EPA
Regional office for assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Printed on recycled nanpr
-------
Cleanup
Table 1
Typical Pesticide End Users/Application Services Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/
Operation
Pesticide
Application
Materials Used
Pesticides, solvents
Typical Material Ingredient
Arsenic, carbamates, mercury, nicotine,
nitrophenols, strychnine, triazine, thallium
General Types of Waste Generated
Used/unused pesticides
Solvent wastes
Rinses, solvents, rags
sulfate, phenoxy, organochlorides, others (see
Table 2)
Alcohols, toluene, benzene, xylene, solvent
mixtures
Contaminated soil (from spills)
Contaminated rinsewater
Empty containers
Solvent wastes
Table 2
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
PESTICIDES CONTAINING ARSENIC*
Arsenic pentoxide
Arsenic trioxide
Cacodylic acid
Monosodium
methanearsonate
Disodium
monomethanearsonate
Arsenic Acid Anhydrice, Arsenic (v)
Oxide
Arsenic Sesquioxide, Arsenic (III)
Oxide, Arsenous Acid (anhydride).
White Arsenic
Hydroxydimethylarsine Oxide,
Dimethylarsinic Acid, Phytar
MSMA, Ansar 170 H.C. and 529 H.C.,
Arsanote Liquid, Bueno 6, Daconate 6,
Dal-E-Rad, Herb-All, Merge 823,
Mesamate, Monate, Tans-Vert, Weed-
E-Rad, Weed-Hoe
DSMA, Ansar 8100, Arrhenal, Arsinyl,
Dinate, Di-Tac, DMA, Methar 30,
Sodar, Versar DSMA-LQ, Weed-E-Rad
360
PESTICIDES CONTAINING CARBAMATES
Temik Aldicarb, OMS 771, UC 21149
PESTICIDES CONTAINING MERCURY*
2-Methoxyethylmercuric
chloride
Phenylmercuric acetate
MEMC, Agallol, Cekusil Universal-C,
Ceresan-Universal-Nassbeize,
Emisan 6
PMA, PMAS, Agrosan, Cekusil,
Celmer, Gallotox, Hong Nien,
Liquiphene, Mersolite, Pamisan, Phix,
Seedtox, Shimmer-ex. Tag HL 331
PESTICIDES CONTAINING NICOTINE
Nicotine
Black Leaf 40
Waste Arsenic Pentoxide, Solid Poison B UN1559
Waste Arsenic Trioxide, Solid Poison B UN1561
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS2 Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid3 UN2760
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2760
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2759
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2760
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2757
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2757
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2758
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2777
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2777
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2778
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2777
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2777
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2778
Waste Poison B, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2811
Waste Poison B, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2810
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS Flammable Liquid UN 1992
PESTICIDES CONTAINING SUBSTITUTED NITROPHENOLS
Dinitrocresol
DNC, DNOC, Chemsect, Detal, Elgetol
30, Nitador, Selinin, Sinox, Trifocide,
Trifrina
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid, Poison B UN2779
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Poison B UN2779
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Flammable Liquid UN2780
NOS
-------
TdulB 2 (continued)
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services Formulators Waste Descriptions^^
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class ID Number
Dinoseb
DNBP, Basanite, Caldon, Chemox
General, Chemox PE, Dinitro, Dinitro
General, Dynamite, Elgetol 318,
Gebutox, Hel-Fire, Nitropone C,
Premerge 3, Sinox General, Subitex,
Vertac General Weed Killer, Vertac
Selective Weed Killer
ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES
Dimethoate
Disulfoton
Famphur
Methyl Parathion
AC-12880, Bi 58 EC, Cekuthoate,
Cygon, Daphene, De-Fend, Demos-
L40, Devigon, Dimet, Dimethogen,
Perfekthion, Rebelate, Rogodia],
Rogor, Roxion, Trimetion
BAY 19639 and S276, Dithiodemeton,
Dithiosystox, Di-Syston,
Ethylthiodemetbn, Frumin AL, M-74,
Solvirex, Thiodemeton
Bash, Bo-Ana, Dovip, Famfos, Warbex
Cekumethion, E-601, Devithion,
Folidol M, Fosferno M50, Gearphos,
Metacide, Metaphos, Nitrox 80,
Parataf, Paratox, Partron M, Penncap-
M, Wofatox
Parathion
AC-3422, Alkron, Aileron, Aphamite,
Bladan, Corothion, E-605, ENT
15108, Ethyl Parathion, Etilon,
Folidol E-605, Fosterno 50, Niran,
Orthophos, Panthion, Paramar,
Paraphos, Parathene, Parawet, Phoskil,
Rhodiatox, Soprathion, Station,
Thiophos
STRYCHNINE PESTICIDES
Strychnine Strychnine Salts
THALLIUM SULFATE PESTICIDES
Thallium Sulfate Thallous Sulfate, Ratox, Zelio
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid,
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Disulfoton
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Dry
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Methyl Parathion, Liquid
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Dry
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing 25% or less methyl parathion)
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing more than 25% methyl parathion)
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Parathion, Liquid
Waste Parathion Mixture, Dry
Waste Parathion Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
TRIAZINE PESTICIDES
Amitrole
Amerol, Amino Triazol Weedkiller 90,
Amizol, AT-90, AT Liquid, Azolan,
Azole, Cytrol, Diurol, Farmco,
Herbizole, Simazol, Weedazol,
Weedazol TL
PHENOXY PESTICIDES
2,4-D*
2,4,5-T
Amoxqne, Brush Killer, Brush Rhap,
Chloroxone, Crop Rider, D50, DMA 4,
Dacamine, Ded-Weed, Desormone,
Dinoxol, Emulsamine BK and E3,
Envert DT and 171, Hedonal, Miracle,
Pennamine D, Rhodia, Salvo, Super D-
Weedone, Verton, Visko-Rhap, Weed
Tox, Wee-B-Gone, Weed-Rhap,
Weedar, Weedone, Weedtrol
Brush-Rhap, Dacamine, Ded-Weedon,
Esteron, Farmco Fence Rider, Forron,
Inverton 245, Line Rider, Super D
Weedone, Tormona, Transamine, U 46,
Veon 245, Weedar, Weedone
Waste Strychnine, Solid
Waste Strychnine Salt, Solid
Waste Thallium Sulfate, Solid
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
(amine, ester, or salt)
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
UN2780
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
UN 1692
UN 1692
NA1707
UN1992
UN2763
UN2763
UN2764
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
-------
IdDlB L (continued)
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Silvex*
2,4,5-Fenoprop, AquaVex, Double
Strength, Fruitone T, Kuron, Kurosal,
Silvi-Rhap, Weed-B-Gone
ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES
Aldrin
Chlordane*
DDT
Dichloropropene
Dieldrin
Endrin*
Endosulfan
Heptachlor*
Kepone
Lindane*
Methoxychlor
Propy'lene Dichloride
Toxaphene*
HHDN, Aldrex 30, Aldrite, Aldrosol,
Altox, Drinox, Octalene, Seedrin
Liquid
Belt, Chlordan, ChlorKil, Chlortox,
Corodane, Gold Crest C-100,
Kypchlor, Vesicol 1068, Topiclor 20,
Ntian, Octachlor, Octa-Klor, Orhto-
Klor, Synklor, Termi-Ded
Dedelo, Didimic, Digmar, Genitox,
Gyron, Hildit, Kopsol, Neocid,
Pentachlorin, Rukseam, Zerdane
1,3-Dichloropropene, Telone II Soil
Fumigant
Dieldrex, Dieldrite, Octalox, Panoram
D-31
Endrex, Hexadrin
Beosit, Chlorthiepin, Crisulfan,
Cyclodan, Endocel, EnSure, FMC
5462, Hildan, Hoe 2671, Malix,
Thifor, Thimul, Thiodan, Thiofor,
Thionex, Thiovel
Gold Crest H-60, Drinox H-34,
Heptamul, Heptox
Chlordecone, GC 1189
Exgama, Forlin, Gallogama,
Gamaphex, Gammex, Inexit, Isotox,
Lindafor, Lindagam, Lindagrain,
Lindagranox, Lindalo, Lindamul,
Lindapourdre, Lindaterra, Novigam,
Silvanol
Flo Pro MeSeed Protectant, Marlate
1,2-Dichloropropane
Attac 4-2, 4-4, 6, 6-3, 8,
Camphochlor, Motox, Phenacide,
Phenatox, Strobane T-90, Toxakil,
Toxon 63
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic ORM-A NA2765
Acid
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic ORM-E NA2765
Acid Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2766
Waste Aldrin Poison B NA2761
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry Poison B NA2761
(with more than 65% Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry ORM-A NA2761
(with 65% or less Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Liquid Poison B NA2762
(with more than 60% Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Liquid ORM-A NA2762
(with 60% or less Aldrin)
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Chlordane, Liquid Flammable Liquid NA27-62
Waste Chlordane, Liquid Combustible Liquid4 NA2762
Waste DDT ORM-A NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Dichloropropene Flammable Liquid UN2047
Waste Dieldrin ORM-A NA2761
Waste Organochloride Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Endrin Poison B NA2761
Waste Endrin Mixture, Liquid Poison B NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Endosulfan Poison B NA2761
Waste Endosulfan Mixture, Liquid Poison B NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Heptachlor ORM-E NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Kepone ORM-E NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Lindane ORM-A NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Methoxychlor ORM-E NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B UN2701
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B UN2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
Waste Propylene Dichloride Flammable Liquid UN 1279
Waste Toxaphene ORM-A NA2761
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid UN2762
-------
I3DI6 L. (continued)
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
OTHER PESTICIDES
Thiram
Warfann
Pentachlorophenol*
Designations/Trade Names
TMTD, AAtack, Arasan, Aules,
Evershield T Seed Protectant, Fermide
850, Fernasan, Flo Pro T Seed
Protectant, Hexathir, Mercuram,
Nomersan, Pomarsolforte, Polyram-
Ultra, Spotrete-F, Tetrapom, Thimer,
Thioknock, Thiotex, Thiramad,
Thirasan, Thiuramin, Tirampa,
Trametan, Tripomol, Thylate, Tuads,
Vancide TM
Co-Rax, Cov-R-Tox, Kypfarin, Liqua-
Tox, RAX, Rodex, Rodex Blox, Tox-
Hid
PCP, Penta, Penchlorol, Pentacon,
Penwar, Sinituho, Santophen
Pentachloronitrobenzene PCNB, Avicol, Botrilex, Brassicol,
Hexachlorobenzene*
1,2-Dibromo 3-
chloropropane
IGNITABLE AND/OR
Methyl Alcohol
Ethyl Alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Toluene
Xylene
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Benzene*
Tetrachloroethylene*
Earthcide, Folosan, Kobu, Pentagen,
Saniclor 30, Terraclor, Tilcarex,
Tritisan
Perchlorobenzene, Anticarie, Ceku
C.B., HCB, No Bunt
DBCP, Nemafume, Nemanox, Nemaset,
Nematocide
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Thiram
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Pentachlorophenol
Waste Flammable Liquid
Waste Combustible Liquid
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
NA2771
UN1992
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA2020
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
TOXIC SOLVENTS USED IN PESTICIDES
Methanol
Ethanol, Alcohol
Isopropanol
Methyl benzene, Toluol
Diraethylbenzene, Xylol
Chloroform
Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Benzol
Perc, Perclene, Tetralex, Nema,
Waste Methyl Alcohol
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Toluene, (toluol)
Waste Xylene (xylol)
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Waste Tetrachloroethylene
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
UN 1230
UNI 170
UN1219
UN 1294
UN1307
UN1888
UN 1846
UNI 114
UN 1897
Tetracap, Persec, Antisal 1, Perawin,
Didakene
Solvent Mixtures
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
(flash point between 100°F and 200°F)
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
(flash point less than 100°F)
Combustible Liquid NA1993
Flammable Liquid UN 1993
-------
13016 L. (continued)
Pesticide End-Users/Application Services Formulators Waste Descriptions1
UN/NA
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class ID Number
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Solid
Combustible Solid
ORM-E
UN1993
UN1325
NA1993
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 NOSNot otherwise specified.
3 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Construction
Industry Overview
If your operation is involved in the construction industry you
might be subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) regulations covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste. Not all construction industry
operations produce hazardous waste, but if you use materials such
as strong acid or alkaline solutions, paints, solvents, or
petroleum products, the waste generated during their use might be
hazardous.
You are included in the construction industry if you provide
services in the following areas:
Heavy construction
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Mobile home construction
Prefabricated wood buildings and components
Masonry, stonework, tile work, and plastering
Carpentering and floorwork
Concrete work
Roofing and sheet metal work
Glass and glazing work
Wrecking and demolition.
Hazardous Wastes From Construction
Hazardous wastes that might be generated during construction
fall into several major categories:
Ignitable paint wastes generated by painting and
other associated processes, including paint preparation
and brush and spray gun cleaning
Other ignitable wastes containing paint and
varnish removers, paint brush cleaners, and epoxy
resins and adhesives used during processes such as
painting, cleaning, and degreasing
Spent solvents from many processes, including
painting, cleaning, degreasing, air conditioner
maintenance, and fluxing
Wastes containing toxic chemicals. Many
products such as adhesives, paints, coatings, polishes,
varnishes, thinners, and treated woods contain toxic
chemicals. Wastes generated during the use of such
products are hazardous wastes if they contain certain
levels of toxic chemicals.
Strong acid/alkaline wastes used in cleaning,
degreasing, and plumbing operations.
Some businesses generate spent heat transfer boxes that con-
tain PCBs. PCBs are not regulated under RCRA; they are, how-
ever, regulated under the Toxic Control Substances Act (TSCA).
If you have spent heat transfer boxes, contact your state hazardous
waste management agency to determine your responsibilities.
In addition to these wastes, your operations might generate
used oil. There are special provisions in the regulations for used
oil. Currently most used oil is exempt from EPA hazardous waste
regulations if it is recycled. If you recycle your oil, you are not
required to use a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest, and you do
not need to include used oil when determining your monthly haz-
ardous waste generation rate. If, however, you are disposing of
used oil yourself or are sending it offsite for disposal, you gener-
ally should handle it as hazardous waste because it is likely to be
ignitable or toxic. Special requirements apply if you are burning
used oil as fuel. EPA is currently developing new regulations for
used oil. Some states regulate used oil differently than does EPA;
contact your state hazardous waste agency for more information.
Table 1 lists typical processes/operations that use products that
might contain hazardous materials and that probably generate haz-
ardous waste. If you produce 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about
half of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month,
you must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the
proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each
waste. Table 2 lists the proper DOT shipping description for a
number of wastes that might be generated during equipment repair
operations. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If
you suspect that any waste you generate is hazardous, check with
your state hazardous waste agency or EPA Regional office for
more information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027J
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Construction Operations: Materials Used and
Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Waste Type
SPENT SOLVENTS AND
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene*
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Hexachloroethane*
Methylene Chloride
Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Process/ Materials Used General Types of
Operation Waste Generated
Paint Preparation Paint thinners, enamel Ignitable wastes
and Painting reducers, paints, enamels, Toxic wastes
lacquers, epoxies, Spent solvents
acrylics, primers, Paint wastes
solvents
Carpentering and Adhesives, solvents, Spent solvents
Floorwork polishes and varnishes, Toxic wastes
treated wood
Other Specialty Adhesives, paints, Ignitable wastes
Contracting coatings, polishes, Toxic wastes
Activities varnishes, solvents, Spent solvents
petroleum products
Heavy Motor oil and other Used oil
Construction petroleum products. Asphalt wastes
asphalt
Wrecking and Wreckage and debris that
Demolition may contain ignitable
or toxic substances
Used oil
Vehicle and Degreasers and cleaners, Spent solvents
Equipment motor oil and other Acid/alkaline wastes
Maintenance for petroleum products, Ignitable wastes
Construction solvents, rust removers Toxic wastes
Activities Used oil
Table 2
Construction Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2- Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Dichloroethane
Benzene Waste Benzene (benzol)
Ethyl Benzene Waste Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene, Waste Chlorobenzene
Phenylchloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Shell MIBK Waste Flammable Liquid NOS
Chloroform Waste Chloroform
Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Carbona, Halon 104
Hexachloroethane Waste Hexachloroethane
Aerothene MM, Narkotil Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride
Fluorocarbon 113, Freon 113, Ucon Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Hazard Class
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-E
UN/NA
ID Number
UNI 184
UNI 114
UNI 175
UNI 134
UNI 193
UN 1993
UN1888
UN 1846
NA9037
UN 1593
NA9189
Toluene
113, Freon TF. Frigen 113 113TR-T,
Areton 63
Toluol, Methercid, Methyl Benzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Antisol IA
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Flammable Liquid UN 1294
Xvlene
Xylene, Xylol
Waste Xylene (xylol)
Flammable Liquid UN 1307
-------
I 3D 16 i. (continued)
Construction Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Kerosene
Cresols*
Trichloroethylene*
Mineral Spirits
Acetone
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)-Cresol
TCE, Gemalgene, Lanadin, Lethurin,
Nialk, Perm-a-Chlor
White Spirits, Naphtha
Acetone
Waste Kerosene
Waste Cresol
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Naphtha
Waste Acetone
Combustible Liquid3
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
UN1223
UN2076
UN1710
UN2553
UN 1090
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN1790
UN2031
NA1760
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
OTHER WASTES
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH, Caustic
Soda, Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2S04, Oil of Vitriol
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid, Spent
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
Corrosive Material UN 1824
Corrosive Material UN 1823
Corrosive Material UNI832
Ignitable Wastes, NOS Ignitable Wastes, NOS4
Used Oil Various petroleum products
Asphalt Asphalt
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Asphalt, at or above its flashpoint
Waste Asphalt, cut back
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-C
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
UN 1993
NA1993
UN1325
NA1270
NA1270
NA1999
NA1999
NA1999
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
-------
Motor Freight Terminals/Railroad Transportation
Industry Overview
If your business is in the motor freight terminals/railroad
transportation category, the products you use or transport might
contain hazardous materials and the waste you generate might be
hazardous waste. If you generate hazardous waste, you might be
subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) re-
quirements covering the generation, transportation, and manage-
ment of hazardous waste.
Your industry is classified under motor freight terminals/
railroad transportation if you are primarily engaged in:
The operation of terminal facilities used by highway
vehicles
The maintenance and service of trucks and other
highway vehicles
Line haul railroad operations
The furnishing of terminal facilities for rail passenger
or freight traffic for line haul service
The movement of railroad cars between terminal
yards.
Hazardous Wastes from Motor Freight
Terminals/Railroad Transportation
Motor freight terminals perform a variety of activities, includ-
ing loading and unloading packaged goods, cleaning offloaded tank
trucks, cleaning and painting trucks, and maintaining highway
vehicles. Most of the hazardous wastes included in this summary
are generated during maintenance activities; motor freight termi-
nals not equipped with maintenance facilities might not generate
some or any of these wastes. Operations that involve cleaning the
inside of offloaded tank trucks generate waste that contains small
amounts of the substance that was shipped. This waste might
also be hazardous.
Waste from the railroad transportation industry predominantly
comes from maintenance operations in which trains are cleaned
and repaired. Routine operations similar to those carried out by
motor freight terminals might generate waste, including strong
acid or alkaline materials, spent cleaning and degreasing solvents,
ignitable paint wastes, used oil, and lead-acid batteries. In addi-
tion, older freight cars with plane bearings might generate lead-
contaminated lubricating pads which might also be hazardous.
Table 1 lists typical processes/operations that use products that
might contain hazardous materials, and that probably generate
hazardous waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or
about half of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per
month, you must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest
when you ship hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest
requires the Department of Transportation (DOT) description for
each waste. Table 2 lists the DOT shipping descriptions for a
number of wastes that might be generated by motor freight termi-
nals and railroad transportation facilities. Table 1 and Table 2 afe
not comprehensive lists. If you suspect any of your other wastes
is hazardous, contact your state hazardous waste management
agency or EPA Regional office for assistance.
RCRA has special provisions for spent lead-acid batteries and
used oil. You do not have to use a Manifest when you ship used
lead batteries that are destined for recycling or used oil that is
destined for recycling. If, however, you are disposing of used oil
yourself or are sending it offsite for disposal, you generally
should handle it as hazardous waste because it is likely to be ig-
nitable or toxic. Special requirements apply if you are burning
used oil as fuel. Your state might have its own requirements for
lead-acid batteries or used oil; check with your state hazardous
waste management agency.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027k
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Motor Freight Terminals/Railroad Transportation Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/ Operation
Materials Used
Typical Material Ingredient
General Types of Waste Generated
Unloading and Cleaning
Tank Trucks or Cars
Degreasing; Engine Parts and
Equipment Cleaning
Rust Removal
Paint Preparation
Painting
Spray Booth, Spray Guns,
and Brush Cleaning
Paint Removal
Changing Lead-Acid
Batteries
Solvents, alkaline cleaners
Degreasers (gunk), carburetor clean-
ers, engine cleaners, solvents, acids/
alkalies, cleaning fluids
Naval jelly, strong acids, strong al-
kalies
Paint thinners, enamel reducers,
white spirits
Enamels, lacquers, epoxies, alkyds,
acrylics, primers, solvents
Paint thinners, enamel reducers, sol-
vents, white spirits
Solvents, paint thinners, enamel re-
ducers, white spirits
(see Product Shipping Papers)
Petroleum distillates, aromatic hydrocar-
bons, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene,
petroleum naphtha
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hy-
drofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide
Alcohols, petroleum distillates, oxygenated Ignitable wastes
solvents, mineral spirits, ketones Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
(Residual tank contents)
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic wastes
Ignitable wastes
Solvent wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates,
epoxy ester resins, methylene chloride,
xylene, VM&P naphtha, aromatic hydro-
carbons, methyl isobutylketones
Ketones, alcohols, toluene, acetone, iso-
propyl alcohol, petroleum distillates, min-
eral spirits
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates,
methanol, methylene chloride, isopropyl
alcohol, mineral spirits, alcohols, ketones,
other oxygenated solvents
Batteries of motor freight vehicles Lead dross
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Batteries (lead-acid)
-------
Table 2
Motor Freight Terminals/Railroad Transportation Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRONC ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
SPENT SOLVENTS
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene*
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Chloroform*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Hexachloroe thane*
White Spirits, Varsol
1,1,1 -Trichloroe thane
Petroleum Distillates
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
AND IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroethane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Chloroform
Perchloromethane Tetraform, Carbona
Halon 104
Hexachloroe thane
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Aerothene TT, Chlorten,
Chloroethane, Methyl Chloroform,
Alpha T, Chlorotene
Petroleum Distillates
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead or Granular
, Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
CONTAINING:
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Naphtha
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Petroleum Distillate
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid3
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UNI 805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN 1823
UN1832
UN1755
UNI 184
UNI 114
UN 1294
UN1175
UN1134
UN1193
UN1888
UN 1846
NA9037
UN2553
UN2831
UN1268
UN1268
PAINT WASTES WITH HEAVY METALS
Heavy Metal paints with: Heavy Metal Paints
Lead*
Nickel*
Chromium*
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS4
ORM-E
NA9189
-------
Tdbl6 2 (continued)
Motor Freight Terminals/Railroad Transportation Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
OTHER WASTES
Lead-Acid Batteries
Used Oil
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Designations/Trade Names
Lead-Acid Batteries
Various petroleum products
Ignitable wastes
DOT Shipping Name
Lead Dross (containing 3% or more free acid)
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-C
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
UN/NA
ID Number
NA1794
NA1270
NA1270
UN 1993
NA1993
UN1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
4 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Educational and Vocational Shops
Industry Overview
Many educational and vocational institutions do not produce
hazardous waste. If, however, you use ignitable solvents, strong
acid alkaline solutions, heavy metals, or toxic organic chemicals,
the waste you generate might be hazardous. If you generate haz-
ardous waste, you might be subject to Resource Conservation
Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements covering the generation,
transportation, and management of hazardous waste.
Educational and vocational institutions include shops conducting:
Automotive and small engine repair
Automobile body repair
Metalworking
Graphic arts production (e.g., printing and
photography)
Woodworking.
Waste generated by laboratories is not addressed in this
pamphlet; a separate pamphlet on laboratory waste is available.
Hazardous Wastes from
Educational and Vocational Shops
The majority of hazardous waste from educational and voca-
tional shops are:
Solvents (e.g., paint removers, thinners, and
cleaning solvents)
Paint waste
Strong acid or alkaline solutions (e.g.,
cleaning solutions).
Automobile body repair and woodworking operations generate
waste solvents and paints. The solvents might be flammable or
toxic, and paints might contain heavy metal pigments or haz-
ardous solvents. Metalworking and automotive repair generate
waste solvents and acid or alkaline solutions used to clean metal
and remove rust.
Graphic arts production can generate several types of waste,
depending on the activities. Printing wastes include strong acid
solutions used to clean, etch, and coat plates, and solvents used to
clean plates, to apply light-sensitive coatings, and to develop
plates. The use of inks generates waste containing solvents and/or
heavy metals. Photographic wastes include processing solutions,
developers, hardeners, and fixing baths. Photographic processing
waste might be toxic, ignitable, or corrosive.
RCRA regulations contain special provisions for spent lead-
acid batteries and used oil, which might be generated in automo-
tive shops and other shops with heavy machinery. You do not
have to use a Manifest when you ship used lead batteries that are
destined for recycling or used motor oil that is destined for re-
cycling. If, however, you are disposing of used oil yourself or are
sending it offsite for disposal, you generally should handle it as
hazardous waste because it is likely to be ignitable or toxic.
Special requirements apply if you are burning used oil as fuel.
Your state might have its own requirements for lead-acid batteries
or used oil; check with your state hazardous waste management
agency.
Table 1 lists general operations/processes that use hazardous
materials and that might result in the generation of hazardous
waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half
of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you
must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship the hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires
the proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for
each waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a
number of wastes that might be generated by educational and
vocational shops. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive
lists. If you do not find your waste here but suspect it is
hazardous, contact your EPA Regional office or state hazardous
waste management agency for additional information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-0271
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Educational and Vocational Shops Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/Operation
Materials Used
Typical Material Ingredient
General Types
of Waste Generated
AUTOMOBILE ENGINE AND BODY REPAIR, METALWORKING
Oil and grease removal; Solvents, carburetor cleaners,
metal/tool cleaning; engine, degreasers, cleaning fluids,
parts, and equipment acids/alkalies, engine cleaners
cleaning
Rust removal
Painting
Naval jelly, strong acid/alkaline
solutions
Enamels, lacquers, epoxies,
alkyds, acrylics, primers
Spray Booth, Spray Guns,
Brush Cleaning; Paint
Removal/Paint Preparation
Changing Lead-Acid
Batteries
Changing Oil, Lubricating
Machinery
GRAPHIC ARTS - Plate Preparation
Counter-etching to Remove Phosphoric acid
Oxide
Deep-etch Coating of Plates Deep etch bath
Solvents, paint thinners, enamel
reducers, white spirits
Car, truck, boat, motorcycle, and
other vehicle batteries
Petroleum products
Applying Light Sensitive
Coating
Developing Plates
Washing/Cleaning Plates
Applying Lacquer
Ink Use
Making Gravure Cylinders
Painting
WOODWORKING
Wood Cleaning and Wax
Removal
Refinishing/S tripping;
Brush Cleaning and Spray
Gun Cleaning
Staining
Painting
Finishing
Resins, binders, emulsion,
photo-sensitizers, gelatin,
photo-initiators
Developer
Alcohols, solvents
Petroleum distillates, aromatic hydrocarbons, mineral
spirits, benzene, toluene, petroleum naphtha
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid,
sodium hydroxide
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates, epoxy ester
resins, methylene chloride, xylene, VM&P naphtha,
aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl isobutyl ketones
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates, methanol,
methylene chloride, isopropanol, mineral spirits,
alcohols, ketones, other oxygenated solvents
Lead dross, less than 3% free acids
Motor oil, gasoline, lubricants
Phosphoric acid
Ammonium dichromate, ammonium hydroxide
PVA/ammonium dichromate, polyvinyl cinnamate,
fish glue/albumin, silver halide/gelatin emulsion, gum
arabic/ammonium dichromate
Lactic acid, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride
Ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl
ketone, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene
Resins, solvents, vinyl lacquer PVC, PVA, maleic acid, methyl ethyl ketone
Pigments, dyes, varnish, drier,
extender, modifier
Acid plating bath
Solvents, paint with solvents,
heavy metals
Petroleum distillates, white
spirits
Paint removers, varnish
removers, enamel removers,
shellac removers, paint
solvents, turpentine
Stains
Enamels, lacquers, epoxies,
alkyds, acrylics, primers,
solvents
Varnish, shellac, polyurethane,
lacquers
Titanium oxide, iron blues, molybdated chrome
orange, phthalocyanide pigments, oils, hydrocarbon
solvents, waxes, cobalt/zinc manganese oleates,
plasticizers
Copper, hydrochloric acid
Ethylene dichloride, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene,
chlorobenzene, methyl ethyl ketone
Petroleum distillates, mineral spirits
Acetone, toluene, petroleum distillates, mineral
spirits, methanol, methylene chloride, alcohols,
ketone, oxygenated solvents
Mineral spirits, alcohols, pigments
Toluene, pigments, titanium^ dioxide, epoxy-ester
resins, aromatic hydrocarbons, glycol ether,
halogenated hydrocarbons, vinyl acetate acrylic
Denatured alcohols, resins, shellac, petroleum
distillates, toluene diisocyanate
Ignitable waste
Solvent waste
Combustible solids
Waste acid/alkaline solutions
Waste acid/alkaline solutions
Ignitable paint waste
Solvent waste
Paint waste with heavy metals
Ignitable waste
Ignitable paint waste
Heavy metal paint waste
Solvent waste
Lead-acid batteries
Strong acid/alkaline solutions
Used oil
Acid/alkaline waste
Acid/alkaline waste
Heavy metal waste
Photographic processing waste
Photographic processing waste
Solvent waste
Solvent waste
Waste ink and ink sludges with
chromium or lead
Plating waste
Ignitable waste
Toxic waste
Paint waste
Ignitable waste
Solvent waste
Ignitable waste
Toxic waste
Paint waste
Solvent waste
Ignitable waste
Solvent waste
Ignitable waste
Toxic waste
Paint waste
Solvent waste
Ignitable waste
Toxic waste
Solvent waste
-------
Waste Type
Table 2
Educational and Vocational Shops Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTES
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Heavy Metal Solutions
Carbon Tetrachloride,
Perchloromethane, Necatorina,
Benzinoform, CC14
Photographic processing waste
containing heavy metals
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Hazardous Waste Solution containing Cadmium,
Chromium, Lead, and/or Cyanide
SPENT SOLVENTS AND OTHER TOXIC OR IGNITABLE WASTES CONTAINING:
Acetone Acetone Waste Acetone
White Spirits
Petroleum Distillate
Kerosene
Methylene Chloride
Toluene
Benzene*
Ethanol
Xylene
Tetrahydrofuran
Isopropanol
Ethyl Benzene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene*
Ethylene Dichloride*
Chlorobenzene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Petroleum Distillates
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
Dichloromethane, Methane Dichloride,
Methylene Bichloride, NCI-C50102,
Solaesthin, Aerothene, Narkotil,
Solmethine
Toluene, Methacide, Methylbenzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Toluol, Antisal 1A
Benzene, Benzol
Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol
Xylene, Xylol
Tetrahydrofuran, THF
Isopropanol, Isopropyl Alcohol
Ethyl Benzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Aerothene TT,
Chlorten, Inhibisol, Trichloroethane,
Chloroethene NU, NCI-C04626,
Methylchloroform, Chlorothene VG,
Chlorothane NU, Chlorotene
Perm-A-Chlor, Trielin, Triline, Triool,
Vestrol, Chlorylene, Dow-Tri, Vitran,
TCE, Nialk, Philex
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroe thane
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenyl Chloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Methyl Acetone,
Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl Methyl
Ketone, MEK, 2-Butanone
WASTE INK WITH SOLVENTS OR HEAVY METALS
Waste Ink Various ingredients: Carbon
Tetrachloride, Chloroform, Methylene
Chloride, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,2-
Dichloroethane, Benzene, Toluene,
Ethyl Benzene, Tetrachloroethylene,
Trichloroethylene, Chromium,
Copper, Lead, Zinc, Cyanide,
Aluminum, Cadmium, Nickel, Cobalt
INK SLUDGE WITH CHROMIUM OR LEAD
Ink sludge with Chromium Ink sludge containing heavy metals
or Lead
Waste Naphtha
Waste Naphtha, Solvent
Waste Naphtha, Solvent
Waste Petroleum Distillate
Waste Kerosene
Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride
Waste Toluene (Toluol)
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Xylene
Waste Tetrahydrofuran
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Ink
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN 1846
NA9189
UN 1090
Combustible Liquid3
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
UN2553
UN2553
UN1256
UN1256
UN 1268
UN 1268
UN1223
UN1593
UN 1294
UN1114
UN1770
UN 1307
UN2056
UN1219
UN1175
UN2831
UN1710
UN1184
UN1134
UNI 193
UN2867
UN1210
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS4
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
ORM-E
ORM-E
NA9189
NA9189
-------
2 (continued)
Educational and Vocational Shops Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Auafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH, Caustic
Soda, Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2S04, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing less ORM-A
than 12% ammonia)
Corrosive Material
Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish Removing
Removing Liquid Liquid
SPENT PLATING WASTES
Spent Plating Wastes
Spent etch baths, spent plating
solutions and sludges, stripping and
cleaning baths
OTHER IGNITABLE AND/OR TOXIC WASTES
Paint Dryer Paint Dryer
Paint, Enamel, Lacquer,
Stain, Shellac, or Varnish;
Aluminum, Bronze, Gold,
Wood Filler, Liquid or
Lacquer Base, Liquid
Enamel
Paint, Enamel, Lacquer, Stain, Shellac,
or Varnish; Aluminum, Bronze, Gold,
Wood Filler, Liquid or Lacquer Base,
Liquid
Enamel
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
Waste Nitric Acid (40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
Waste Compound, Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish
Removing Liquid
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Waste Paint Dryer, Liquid
Waste Paint, Enamel, Lacquer, Stain, Shellac, or
Varnish; Aluminum, Bronze, Gold, Wood Filler,
Liquid or Lacquer Base, Liquid
Waste Compound, Enamel
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
Material
Corrosive Material
ORM-E
ORM-E
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN1824
UN1823
UN1832
UN1755
NA1760
NA9189
NA9189
UNI 168
UNI 168
UN 1263
UN 1263
NA1263
Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish
Removing, Reducing, or
Thinning Liquid
PAINT WASTES WITH
Paint Waste
Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish Removing,
Reducing, or Thinning Liquid
HEAVY METALS
Paint Waste with Heavy Metals
Waste Compound, Lacquer, Paint, or Varnish,
Removing, Reducing, or Thinning Liquid
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
NA1142
NA1142
NA9189
NA9189
IGNITABLE WASTES NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED (NOS)
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Wastes, NOS
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Wastes, Liquid, Solid, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
UN1993
NA1993
UN1325
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste. 3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F. 4 NOS - not otherwise specified
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Laboratories
Industry Overview
Not all laboratories produce hazardous waste. If, however, you
use ignitable compounds, strong acid or alkaline solutions, sol-
vents, heavy metals, or toxic organic constituents, the waste you
generate might be hazardous. If you generate hazardous waste, you
might be subject to Resource Conservation Recovery Act
(RCRA) requirements covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste.
Laboratories that use chemicals are likely to generate hazardous
waste. These laboratories include:
Research and development laboratories, such as
government labs (e.g., National Institutes of Health,
Food and Drug Administration) and industrial labs
(e.g., chemicals, Pharmaceuticals)
Commercial testing laboratories, including labs that
analyze hazardous waste samples
- Academic laboratories, such as university and high
school labs, and labs of educational or scientific
organizations
Medical laboratories, including hospital and dental
labs.
Hazardous Wastes from Laboratories
A large variety of wastes are generated by laboratories. The fol-
lowing wastes are commonly generated:
Spent solvents used in cleaning, extraction, or
other processes
Unused reagents that are no longer needed, do not
meet specifications, are contaminated, have exceeded
their storage life, or are otherwise unusable in the lab
Reaction products of known or unknown
composition, which are often produced by research
and academic labs. (To facilitate disposal, labs should
try to identify or characterize reaction products to the
extent possible and label them with this information.)
Testing samples that are not entirely consumed
by the test procedure
Contaminated materials such as glassware,
paper, and plastic products.
If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a
55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you must
fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship haz-
ardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the proper
Department of Transporation (DOT) description for each waste.
Table 1 lists DOT shipping descriptions for some wastes gener-
ated by laboratories. Table 1 is not a comprehensive list. If you
do not find your waste here but suspect it is hazardous, contact
your EPA Regional office or state hazardous waste management
agency for additional information.
Radioactive waste, which is generated by some laboratories, is
generally regulated under the Atomic Energy Act and in many
cases is excluded from RCRA regulation. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission and DOT regulations might apply. Contact the
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the DOT Materials Transport
Bureau, or your state transportation agency for more information
concerning proper transport and disposal of radioactive waste.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-027m
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Laboratories Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
SOLVENTS
Acetone
Benzene*
Chloroform*
Trichloromethane
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Acetone
Waste Benzene
Waste Chloroform
Hazard Class
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1090
UNI 114
UN1888
1,4-Dioxane
Diethylene Ether
l,4~-Diethylene Oxide
Diethylene Oxide
Dixyethylene Ether
Ethanol
Ethyl Alcohol
Grain Alcohol
Ethyl Ether
Ether
Diethyl Ether
Diethyl Oxide
Formalin
Formaldehyde Solution
(1) flash point greater than
141°F
(2) flash point less than or
equal to 141 °F
Hexane
n-Hexane
Isopropanol
Isopropyl Alcohol
TPA
Dimethyl Carbinol
2-Propanol
Methanol
Methyl Alcohol
Wood Alcohol
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
MEK
2-Butanone
Methylene Chloride
Dichloromethane
Pentane
Petroleum Ether
Tetrahydrofuran
THF
Toluene
Toluol
Methyl Benzene
Xylene
Xylol
Dimethyl Benzene
Waste Dioxane
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Ethyl Ether
Waste Formaldehyde Solution
Waste Formaldehyde Solution
Waste Hexane
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Methyl Alcohol
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Dichloromethane (or Waste Methylene
Chloride)
Waste Pentane
Waste Petroleum Ether
Waste Tetrahydrofuran
Waste Toluene
Waste Xylene
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UNI 165
UNI 170
UN1155
ORM-A (or UN2209
Combustible Liquid if
shipped in containers
larger than 110
gallons)
ORM-A (or UN 1198
Combustible Liquid if
shipped in containers
larger than 110
gallons)
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN 1208
UN1219
Flammable Liquid UN 1230
Flammable Liquid UN 1193
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN1593
UN 1265
UN1271
UN2056
Flammable Liquid UN 1294
Flammable Liquid UN 1307
-------
Idul6 1 (continued)
Laboratories Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Carbon Tet
Tetrachlororaethane
Perchloromethane
Ignitable Liquids
ACIDS/BASES
Acetic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Nitric Acid
Perchloric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Oleum
Fuming Sulfuric Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide
Ammonia Solution
Aqueous Ammonia
Potassium Hydroxide
Caustic Potash
Sodium Hydroxide
Caustic Soda
Lye
NON-SPECIFIC WASTES
Corrosive Liquids
Corrosive Solids
Oxidizer, Corrosive,
Liquid
Oxidizer, Corrosive, Solid
Oxidizer
Poisonous Liquid5
Poisonous Solid
Corrosive, Poisonous
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Waste Flammable Liquids, NOS3
Waste Combustible Liquids, NOS
Waste Acetic Acid, Glacial
Waste Acetic Acid, Solution
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid, over 40%
Waste Nitric Acid, 40% or less
Waste Nitric Acid, Fuming
Waste Perchloric Acid, not over 50% acid
Waste Perchloric Acid,
exceeding 50% but not exceeding 72% acid
Waste Perchloric Acid, exceeding 72% acid
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Sulfuric Acid, Spent
Waste Oleum
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide, containing less
than 12% ammonia
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide, containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia
Waste Potassium Hydroxide, Solid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide, Liquid
Waste Sodium Hydroxide, Solid
Waste Sodium Hydroxide, Liquid
Waste Corrosive Liquids, NOS
Waste Corrosive Solid, NOS
Waste Oxidizer, Corrosive, Liquid, NOS
Waste Oxidizer, Corrosive, Solid, NOS
Waste Oxidizer, NOS
Waste Poison B, Liquid, NOS
Waste Poison B, Solid, NOS
Waste Corrosive Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Forbidden4
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Poison B
Poison B
Corrosive Material
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1846
UN 1993
NA1993
UN2789
UN2790
UN1789
UN2031
NA1760
UN2032
UN 1802
UN1873
UN 1830
UN 1832
NA1831
NA2672
NA2672
UN1813
UN1814
UN 1823
UN 1824
UN1760
UN1759
NA9193
NA9194
UN 1479
UN2810
UN2811
UN2922
Liquid
-------
TdDlB 1 (continued)
Laboratories Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Poisonous, Corrosive
Solid
Poisonous, Oxidizing
Liquid
Poisonous, Oxidizing
Solid
Hazardous Waste Liquid6
Hazardous Waste Solid
Waste Poisonous Solid, Corrosive, NOS Poison B
Waste Oxidizer, Poisonous, Liquid, NOS Oxidizer
Waste Oxidizer, Poisonous, Solid, NOS Oxidizer
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS ORM-E
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS ORM-E
UN2928
NA9199
NA9200
NA9189
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics, conditions or process modifications. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard
class, and UN/NA ID number do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste.
2 Substances with a flash point less than 100°F are classified as "Flammable Liquid"; substances with a flash point greater than or equal to 100°F and less than
200°F are classified as "Combustible Liquid."
3 NOS - Not Otherwise Specified.
4 Forbidden materials are prohibited from being offered or accepted for transportation.
5 Certain gases and volatile liquids (e.g., cyanogen, phosgene) are classed as Poison A. The gases and liquids have a different UN/NA ID; NA 1953 for
poisonous liquid or gas, flammable, NOS; or NA 1955 or poisonous liquid or gas, NOS.
6 Materials (e.g., disposable labware) contaminated with small quantities of a variety of hazardous substances generally can be classified as Hazardous Waste,
NOS, unless a more specific DOT shipping name applies. The entire weight of the contaminated materials, not just the weight of the substance(s) making it
hazardous, is considered when determining quantity.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Metal Manufacturing
Industry Overview
Most metal manufacturing operations produce some hazardous
waste. If you use any solvents, strong acid or alkaline solutions,
plating solutions, paints, cyanide solutions, or any solutions con-
taining heavy metals, it is likely that your operation generates
hazardous waste. Facilities that generate hazardous waste might be
subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) re-
quirements covering the generation, transportation, and manage-
ment of hazardous waste.
Your business is classified under metal manufacturing if you
manufacture:
Metal furniture, shelves, lockers, cabinets and fixtures
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, including electrical and electronic machin-
ery, equipment, and supplies
Storage or primary batteries
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Measuring, analyzing, or controlling instruments (for
example, photographic, medical, or optical
equipment)
Other metal items such as clocks and watches; cos-
tume and precious metal jewelry; needles, pins, and
similar notions; signs and advertising displays; burial
caskets; silverware or stainless steel flatware.
Metal manufacturing also includes facilities that are involved
in metalworking activities such as:
Rolling, drawing, and extruding of non-ferrous
metals
Heat treating
Coating, engraving, and allied services.
Hazardous Wastes from
Metal Manufacturing
Metal manufacturing businesses perform many different pro-
cesses, including machining, grinding, buffing, polishing, tum-
bling, sand casting, forming, rolling, extruding, forging, ironing,
lettering, enameling, cleaning, welding, finishing, die sinking,
pickling, coining, degreasing, electrogalvanizing, electroplating,
and painting. The wastes associated with these processes fall into
several major categories:
Spent solvent and solvent still bottoms re-
sult from cleaning and degreasing operations. The
types of solvents used include chlorinated solvents
(e.g., methylene chloride, dichlorobenzene, carbon te-
trachloride, trichloroethylene) or hydrocarbons (e.g.,
xylene, toluene, benzene). Other solvents are kerosene
or mineral spirits ("Stoddard" solvents).
Strong acid wastes are generated in considerable
quantity wherever any type of metal is formed or pro-
cessed. Many pickling solutions are highly acidic; the
acid, if not neutralized, might be carried to subsequent
manufacturing operations. Subsequent operations can
include drawing, rolling, pressing, electroplating, hot
dip galvanizing or hot tinning, anodizing, phosphat-
ing, metal coloring, and many others.
Strong alkaline wastes are generated from the
use of pickled aluminum and sometimes zinc.
Plating wastes are generated from electroplating
operations. These wastes can be acidic or alkaline and
contain significant concentrations of heavy metals.
Acid plating solutions generally contain free acids and
heavy metals such as copper, nickel, zinc, and possi-
bly tin or cadmium. Alkaline plating solutions in-
clude zinc baths and sometimes tin baths. The waste
products from plating can include spent plating solu-
tions or sludges and stripping and cleaning bath solu-
tions.
Heavy metal wastewater sludges are generated
from wastewater treatment. Depending on the opera-
tion, these sludges can contain arsenic, barium,
chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury, silver, or sele-
nium. High concentrations of lead are found in the
sludges from battery manufacturing plants. Other
sludges can come from grinding, tank clean-outs, dust
collectors, and lead pots.
Paint and coating wastes are generated by sev-
eral segments of the industry. Generally, hazardous
paint wastes contain cadmium, chromium, lead and/or
mercury. Paints, lacquers, adhesives, and varnishes
might contain toxic organic chemicals as well.
Cyanide wastes are generated from cyanide plating
solutions and simple cyanide solutions. Cyanide plat-
ing solutions are used in metal plating operations.
Simple cyanide solutions are used mainly for harden-
ing and metal cleaning. Cyanide baths are commonly
used in metal finishing and heat treating operations.
Other ignitable or toxic wastes are generated
by the metal manufacturing industry. It is important
to determine if your business generates any waste
containing chemicals on the Toxicity Characteristic
list.
EPA/530-SW-90-027n
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Other reactive wastes are generated primarily by
the photographic equipment and supplies industry,
although other metal manufacturing industries can
also generate reactive wastes. These wastes can in-
clude strong oxidizing agents such as chromic acid,
perchlorates, and permanganates used in metal finish-
ing, and other reactive compounds such as hypochlo-
rites, peroxides, sulfides, nitrates, and sodium hydrox-
ide.
In addition to these wastes, most metal manufacturing industry
operations will generate used oil. Oils can come from cutting, lu-
bricating, and/or quenching. RCRA regulations contain special
provisions for used oil. You do not have to use a Manifest when
shipping used oil that is destined for recycling. If, however, you
are disposing of used oil yourself or are sending it offsite for dis-
posal, it generally should be handled as hazardous waste because it
is likely to be ignitable or toxic. Special requirements apply if
you are burning used oil as fuel. Some states have rules that ap-
ply to used oil, and EPA is currently developing new regulations
for used oil.
Most metal manufacturers also generate scrap metal. At pre-
sent, any metal destined for reclamation is not regulated by EPA.
Questions concerning used oils, scrap metal and other wastes
should be referred to your state hazardous waste management
agency or EPA Regional office.
Table 1 lists general operations/processes that use hazardous
materials and that might result in the generation of hazardous
waste. If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half
of a 55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you
must fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you
ship the hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires
the proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for
each waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a
number of wastes that might be generated by metal manufactur-
ers. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If you sus-
pect any waste you generate is hazardous, check with your state
hazardous waste management agency or EPA Regional office.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Metal Manufacturing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials Used
General Types of
Waste Generated
Metal Cutting/
Machining
Degreasing
Pickling
Oils, solvents, lime,
metal cuttings
Solvents, alkaline
wastes, rags
Pickling acids
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Solvent wastes
Other toxic wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Ignitable wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Heat Treating
Metal Finishing
and Painting
Facility Cleanup
Electroplating
Quenching oils, cyanide
salts, barium salts,
alkaline wastes
Paints, coatings,
cleaning solvents,
alkaline cleaning
solutions, lacquers
Solvents, rags,
absorbents
Heavy metals, cyanide
solutions, acid and
alkaline solutions,
plating solutions
Acid/alkaline wastes
Cyanide wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Paint .wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
Acid/alkaline wastes
Cyanide wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
Plating wastes
Reactive wastes
Waste Type
Table 2
Metal Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
SPENT SOLVENTS, SOLVENT STILL BOTTOMS, AND OTHER TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Tetrachloroethylene*
Trichloroethylene*
Methylene Chloride
Perchloroethylene, Perc, Tetralex, Perawin, Perelene,
Terlen, Didakene, TetraCap, Antisal 1, Fedad-UN,
Neme Gemalgene, Perma-A-Chlor, TCE, Benzinol,
Dow-Tri, Nialk, Vestrol, Trielin
Tri-Clene, Trielene, Tri
Aerothene MM, Narkotil
Waste Tetrachloroethylene or ORM-A
Perchloroethylene
Waste Trichloroethylene ORM-A
Waste Dichloromethane or ORM-A
Methylene Chloride
UN 1897
UN1710
UN1593
-------
13 DIG Z (continued)
Metal Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Trichlorotrifluoromethane
Toluene
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Benzene*
Chloroform*
o-Dichlorobenzene*
p-Dichlorobenzene*
Acetone
Xylene
White Spirits
Kerosene
Butyl Alcohol
Designations/Trade Names
Aerothene TT, Chlorten, Inhibisol, Chlorothen NU,
Alpha-T
Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Carbona, Halon 104
Fluorocarbon 113, Freon 113,Ucon 113, Freon TF,
Frigen 113 113TR-T, Arcton 63
Eskimon 11, Ucon 11, Isotron 11, Freon 11, Freon
MF, Fluorochloroform, Arcton 9
Toluol, Methercid, Methyl Benzene, Methylbenzol,
Phenylmethane, Antisol 1A
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl Acetone, Meetco,
Butanone, Ethyl Methyl Ketone
Benzene
Chloroform
o-Dichlorobenzene
p-Dichlorobenzene
Acetone
Xylene, Xylol
Mineral Spirits, Naphtha, Stoddard Solvent
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
n-Butyl Alcohol, sec-Butyl Alcohol, tert-Butyl
Alcohol
DOT Shipping Name
Waste 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS2
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Chloroform
Waste Dichlorobenzene, ortho,
Liquid
Waste Dichlorobenzene, para
Waste Acetone
Waste Xylene (xylol)
Waste Naphtha
Waste Kerosene
Waste Butyl Alcohol
Hazard Class
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid3
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid4
Flammable Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
UN2831
UN 1846
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1294
UN1193
UN1114
UN1888
UN1591
UN1592
UN 1090
UN 1307
UN2553
UN 1223
NA1120
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Perchloric Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit of Hartshorn,
Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04, Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda, Soda
Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Perchloric Acid
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide
(containing not less than 12%
but not more than 44%
ammonia)
(containing less than 12%
ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide
Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead,
or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide
Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or
Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Perchloric Acid
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN1823
UN1832
UN1873
(Over 50%-72%)
Waste Perchloric Acid
(50% or less)
Oxidizer
UN 1802
-------
13016 Z (continued)
Metal Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Acetic Acid
Nitrates
Designations/Trade Names
Acetic Acid
Nitrate
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Acetic Acid (Aqueous
Solution)
Waste Nitrate, NOS
Hazard Class
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
UN/NA
ID Number
UN2790
NA1477
SPENT PLATING WASTES
Spent Plating Wastes Spent Acid, Alkaline and Cyanide Plating Solutions
and Sludges
HEAVY METAL WASTEWATER SLUDGES
Heavy Metal Wastewater Sludges from wastewater treatment, grinding, tank
Sludges clean outs, dust collectors, and lead pots
CYANIDE WASTES
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or ORM-E
Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or ORM-E
Solid, NOS
NA9189
NA9189
Cyanide Waste
OTHER REACTIVE
Acetyl Chloride
Chromic Acid
Hypochlorites
Organic Peroxides
Perchlorates
Permanganates
Sulfides
OTHER WASTES
Used Oil
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Spent cyanide, hardening and cleaning
solutions, sludge from quench and wash tank
WASTES
Acetyl Chloride
Chromic Acid
Hypochlorous Acid, Eau de Labarraque, Clorox, Dazzle
Organic Peroxide
Sodium or Potassium Perchlorate, Irenat,
Periodin, Perchlorocap
Sodium or Potassium Permanganate,
Permanganic Acid, Chameleon Mineral
Sodium or Potassium Sulfide, Sodium or
Potassium Monosulfide, Sodium Sulfuret
Dodge Combo MP8, Texaco Cleartex-D, Mobil
Omicron, Shell Tellus, Welbube A-307, Eppert 204,
Sunvis 931, Solene, Mobilmet Omieron
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Waste Cyanide Solution, NOS
Waste Cyanide Mixture, Dry
Waste Acetyl Chloride
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
Hypochlorite solution (7%
chlorine by weight)
Hypochlorite solution (7%
chlorine by weight)
Waste Organic Peroxide, Liquid
or Solution, NOS
Waste Sodium Perchlorate
Waste Potassium Perchlorate
Waste Sodium Permanganate
Waste Potassium Permanganate
Waste Sodium Sulfide
Waste Potassium Sulfide
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Petroleum Oil, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
ORM-B
Organic Peroxide
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Flammable Solid
Flammable Solid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
UN1935
UN1588
UN1717
UN1755
UN1791
NA1791
NA9183
UN 1502
UN1489
UN1503
UN 1490
UN1385
UN1382
NA1270
NA1270
UN 1993
NA1993
UN 1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste.
2 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
3 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F; only those materials with flash points below 140°F, however, are considered hazardous under
EPA regulations.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Paper Industry
Industry Overview
Not all pulp and paper mills or converting operations generate
hazardous waste. If, however, your facility uses strong acids and
bases, toxic organic chemicals, paints and adhesives, ink, or
solvents, the waste associated with using these materials might
be hazardous waste. If you generate hazardous waste, you might
be subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
requirements covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste.
The paper industry is composed of several sectors, including:
Pulp and paper mills, which produce mechanical,
thermomechanical, and chemical pulps and process
these pulps to form paper, paperboard, or building
papers
Converting operations, which manufacture boxes,
tablets, and other finished paper products.
Hazardous Wastes from
the Paper Industry
Pulp is made by mechanically or chemically separating the
fibers in wood or other cellulose materials from nonfibrous
material. In the kraft pulping process, used to make most
chemical pulp, a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide
dissolves the nonfibrous materials. The pulp is then bleached if
white paper is being produced. Several chemicals can be used for
bleaching, including chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide, calcium
hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium
peroxide. After any fillers and coloring materials are added, the
pulp slurry is made into paper. Certain coatings can also be
applied to the paper.
The large-volume wastes produced by the paper industry are
not often classified as hazardous under RCRA. Some wastewaters
and wastewater treatment sludges might fail the Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test due to the presence
of organic constituents such as chloroform or trichloroethylene.
Several lower volume hazardous wastes are generated, including:
Spent halogenated solvents used in degreasing
Corrosive waste generated from the use of strong
acids and bases
Paint waste containing solvents and paint waste
with heavy metals
Ink waste, which can include solvents, metals, or
ignitable materials
Petroleum distillates from cleanup operations.
Spills of hazardous substances might also generate RCRA-
regulated hazardous waste. Certain paper manufacturing facilities
have associated research laboratories, which might produce a
variety of hazardous wastes. Table 1 lists some typical processes/
operations that might produce hazardous waste. Table 2 lists
Department of Transportation (DOT) shipping descriptions
(required on the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest) for a number
of wastes that might be generated by the paper industry. Table 1
and Table 2 are not comprehensive lists. If you do not find your
waste here but suspect it is hazardous, contact your EPA
Regional office or state hazardous waste management agency for
additional information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste
management, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product
quality, and community relations. Waste minimization techniques
that can help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you
generate include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
EPA/530-SW-90-0270
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Paper Industry Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Waste Type
SPENT SOLVENTS AND
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Methylene Chloride
Tetrachloroethylene*
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene*
Chloroform*
Benzene*
Ethylene Dichloride*
Chlorobenzene*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Process/ Materials Used General Types of
Operation Waste Generated
Chemical Pulping Acids/alkalies, lime, Acid/alkaline waste
sulfurous acid, sodium
hydroxide, sodium sulfide
Bleaching Chlorine bleaches, sulfate Toxic wastewater and
bleaches, chloroform, wastewater treatment
solvents sludge
Acid/alkaline waste
Paper-making Pigments Wastewater treatment
sludge
Sizing and Waxes, glues, synthetic Toxic waste, including
Starching resins, hydrocarbons wastewaters and sludges
Coating, Inks, paints, solvents, Solvent waste
Coloring, and rubbers, dyes Ink waste
Dyeing Paint waste
Ignitable waste
Toxic waste
Cleaning and Tetrachloroethylene, Solvent waste
Degreasing trichloroethylene, Toxic rinse water
methylene chloride,
trichloroethane, carbon
tetrachloride
Table 2
Paper Industry Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
OTHER TOXIC OR IGNITABLE WASTES CONTAINING:
Carbon Tetrachloride, Carbon Tet, Waste Carbon Tetrachloride ORM-A
Tetrachloromethane
Methylene Chloride, Dichloromethane Waste Dichloromethane ORM-A
Tetrachloroethylene, Waste Tetrachloroethylene ORM-A
Perchloroethylene, PCE
1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,1-TCA Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane ORM-A
Trichloroethylene, TCE Waste Trichloroethylene ORM-A
Chloroform Waste Chloroform ORM-A
Benzene Waste Benzene (Benzol) Flammable Liquid2
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2- Waste Ethylene Dichloride Flammable Liquid
Dichloroethane
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene, Waste Chlorobenzene Flammable Liquid
Phenyl Chloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Methyl Acetone, Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone Flammable Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1846
UN1593
UN 1897
UN2831
UN1710
UN1888
UNI 114
UNI 184
UNI 134
UNI 193
Mixed Spent Halogenated
Solvents
Petroleum Distillates
Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl Methyl
Ketone, MEK, 2-Butanone
Petroleum Distillates
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS3
Waste Petroleum Distillate
ORM-E
NA9189
Flammable Liquid UN 1268
Combustible Liquid4 UN1268
-------
I 3DIB L. (continued)
Paper Industry Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
CORROSIVE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
OTHER WASTES AND
Paint Waste with Heavy
Metals
Corrosive Liquid
Corrosive Solid
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Wastes, NOS
Designations/Trade Names
Ammonium Hydroxide, Aqueous
Ammonia, Ammonia Water, Spirit of
Hartshorn
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, Orthophosphoric
Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, Caustic Potash
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid, Oil of Vitriol
GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS
Paint Waste with Heavy Metals
Corrosive Liquids
Corrosive Solids
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing less
than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid Mixture
Waste Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
Waste Nitric Acid (40% or less nitric acid)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Corrosive Liquid, NOS
Waste Corrosive Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Hazard Class
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
ORM-E
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
UN/NA
ID Number
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN1789
UN1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN1824
UN1823
UN1832
NA9189
UN 1760
UN 1759
UN1993
UN 1993
UN 1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT name, hazard class, and UN/NA shipping ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 NOS -Not otherwise specified.
4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
-------
Formulators
Industry Overview
If your operation is in the chemical formulating industry
category and you use solvents, pesticides, strong acids or bases,
ignitable chemicals, reactive chemicals, or solutions or sludges
containing metals or toxic organic chemicals, you might be
subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
requirements covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste.
The following chemical formulating industry groups are
covered by this summary:
Printing ink
Pesticides and agricultural chemicals
Pharmaceutical preparations
Paint and coatings
Chemical product formulation not elsewhere classified
under chemical manufacturing.
Hazardous Wastes From Formulators
While the specific chemical constituents of your waste can
vary depending on the type of chemicals you formulate, most
formulators will have wastes that fall under one of the following
categories:
Spent or unusable materials such as chemicals
and solvents
Rinsing solutions from cleaning of containers,
mixing vats, and tools
Rags and other cleaning implements.
In addition, specific formulators generate wastes such as used
pesticide and pesticide containers, spent catalysts, wastes
containing heavy metals, ink wastes, ignitable wastes, and
reactive wastes.
Printing ink formulation involves the combination of basic
constituents in proportions that depend on the desired properties
of the ink. In general, inks are made from coloring materials that
can include flushed colors, color concentrates, toners, and
pigments; resins and varnishes; and solvents. Pigments might
contain heavy metals or other toxic constituents. Resins and
varnishes might contain toxic organic constituents. Many spent
solvents are listed wastes. In addition to these basic ingredients,
other ingredients that contain hazardous materials are sometimes
added to adjust the ink's properties. These include driers, waxes,
antioxidants, thickeners and gellants, defoamers, wetting agents,
and surfactants. The main categories of wastes generated from the
formulation of printing ink include alkaline wastes, spent
solvents and solvent still bottoms, heavy metal solutions, ink
sludges containing chromium or lead, and other wastes that might
contain toxic organic constituents.
Pesticide and agricultural chemical formulators mix
concentrated pesticides with carriers and dispersing agents for use
EPA/530-SW-90-027p
by pesticide applicators. The formulations can include a number
of compounds that enhance the properties of the pesticide product.
The carriers, dispersing agents, and other compounds might
contain hazardous constituents. In general, the wastes from
pesticide and agricultural formulators are pesticide-contaminated
rinse solutions generated from washing and rinsing the drums,
vats, and assorted instruments used to mix the formulation.
Formulators of pharmaceutical preparations generate
spent solvents and solvent still bottoms, ignitable wastes, and
possibly toxic wastewaters and sludges. The formulation of
paints and coatings (e.g., varnishes, lacquers, enamels)
usually involves the use of solvents, driers, plastic resins,
alcohols, phthalates, and inorganic pigments. Potentially
hazardous wastes from the formulation of paints and coatings are
solvent wastes, sludges, cleaning wastes, spills, and spoiled
batches. Formulators of other miscellaneous chemical
products often generate hazardous wastes including strong
acid/alkaline wastes, spent solvents and still bottoms, reactive
wastes, ignitable wastes, and toxic wastes.
Table 1 summarizes some of the general waste types generated
during formulation. If you generate more than 100 kilograms
(220 pounds or one-half of a 55-gallon drum) of hazardous waste
per month, you must complete a Uniform Hazardous Waste
Manifest when you ship your waste off your property. The
Manifest requires the DOT (Department of Transportation)
description of the waste including shipping name, hazard class,
and UN/NA ID number. This information is present in Tables 2
through 5 for some wastes generated by formulators. These tables
are not comprehensive lists. If you suspect that you generate a
hazardous waste that is not on this list, contact your state
hazardous waste management agency or EPA Regional office for
assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste
management, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product
quality, and community relations. Waste minimization techniques
that can help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you
generate include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 1
Typical Formulators Operations: Materials Used and Hazardous
Wastes that Might be Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials Used
General Types of
Waste Generated
Printing Ink
Formulation
Coloring materials,
resins, varnishes,
solvents, driers,
antioxidants, thickeners,
gellants, waxes,
defoamers, wetting
agents, surfactants
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Ink sludges with
chromium or lead
Solvent wastes
Other toxic wastes
Pesticide and
Agricultural
Chemical
Formulation
Pharmaceutical
Preparations
Formulation
Pesticides, solvents,
organic chemicals, heavy
metals
Solvents, resins,
lubricants, gelatins
Pesticide wastes
Empty containers
Rinsewater
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Solvent wastes
Ignitable wastes
Toxic wastewaters and
wastewater treatment
sludges
Paint and
Coatings
Formulation
Chemical Product
Formulation not
Classified
Elsewhere
Paints, solvents, heavy
metals, acids/alkalies,
driers, plastic resins,
plasticizers
Solvents, chemicals,
catalysts, acids/alkalies,
heavy metals
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Other toxic wastes
Paint wastes
Solvent wastes
Spoiled batches
Acid/alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Other toxic wastes
Ignitable wastes
Reactive wastes
Solvent wastes
Spent catalysts
Emission control dusts
and sludges
Waste Type
Table 2
Printing Ink Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRONG ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia
SPENT SOLVENTS, SOLVENT STILL BOTTOMS, AND IGNITABLE TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Benzene* Benzene Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Acetone Waste Acetone
Acetone
Toluene
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Xylene
Ethyl Acetate
n-But\l Acetate
Isopropyl Acetate
Toluene, Methacide, Methylbenzene, Waste Toluene (Toluol)
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Toluol, Antisal 1A
Methyl acetone, Meetco, Butanone,
MEK, 2-butanone
Xylene, Xylol
Ethyl Acetate
Butyl Acetate
Isopropyl Acetate
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Waste Xylene (Xylol)
Waste Ethyl Acetate
Waste n-Butyl Acetate
Waste Isopropyl Acetate
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
NA2672
NA2672
UNI 114
UN1090
UN1294
UN1193
UN1307
UNI 173
UN1123
UN1220
-------
2 (continued)
Printing Ink Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Glycol Ethers
Ethyl Alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Propyl Alcohol
Hexane
Heptane
Naphtha
Chlorobenzene*
Chloroform*
Cresols*
Designations/Trade Names
May include numerous compounds
including diethylene glycol and
hexylene glycol
Ethanol
Isopropanol
Propanol
Hexane
Heptane
Mineral Spirits, VM&P Naphtha,
White Spirits
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Phenylchloride
Chloroform
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)-Cresol
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS3
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Propyl Alcohol
Waste Hexane
Waste Heptane
Waste Naphtha
Waste Chlorobenzene
Waste Chloroform
Waste Cresol
Hazard Class
Combustible Liquid4
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
UN/NA
ID Number
NAI993
NAII70
UN1219
UN 1 274
UN 1 208
UN 1 206
UN2553
UNI 134
UN1888
UN2076
HEAVY METAL SOLUTIONS
Heavy Metal Solutions
INK SLUDGE
Ink Sludge Containing
Chromium or Lead
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste
Aqueous washing solutions from ink
formulation, ink tub washwater
Organic Heavy Metal Sludges
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Solid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
NA9I89
NA9189
UN 1993
UN 1325
NA1993
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
Table 3
Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Formulators Waste Descriptions1
UN/NA
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class ID Number
PESTICIDES CONTAINING ARSENIC*
Arsenic pentoxide Arsenic Acid Anhydrice, Arsenic (v)
Oxide
Arsenic trioxide Arsenic Sesquioxide, Arsenic (ID)
Oxide, Arsenous Acid (anhydride),
White Arsenic
Cacodylic acid Hydroxydimethylarsine Oxide,
Dimethylarsinic Acid, Phytar
Monosodium MSMA, Ansar 170 H.C. and 529 H.C.,
methanearsonate Arsanote Liquid, Bueno 6, Daconate 6,
Dal-E-Rad, Herb-All, Merge 823,
Mesamate, Monate, Tans-Vert, Weed-
E-Rad, Weed-Hoe
Waste Arsenic Pentoxide, Solid
Waste Arsenic Trioxide, Solid
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS2
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid3
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
UN 1559
UN1561
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
-------
T3Dl6 3 (continued)
Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Disodium
monomethanearsonate
DSMA, Ansar 8100, Arrhenal, Arsinyl,
Dinate, Di-Tac, DMA, Methar 30,
Sodar, Versar DSMA- LQ, Weed-E-RAD
360
PESTICIDES CONTAINING CARBAMATES
Temik Aldicarb, QMS 771, UC 21149
PESTICIDES CONTAINING MERCURY*
2-Methoxyethylmercuric
chloride
Phenylmercuric acetate
MEMC, Agallol, Cekusil Universal-C,
Ceresan-Universal-Nassbeize, Emisan
6
PMA, PMAS, Agrosan, Cekusil,
Celmer, Gallotox, Hong Nien,
Liquiphene, Mersolite, Pamisan, Phix,
Seedtox, Shimmer-ex. Tag HL 331
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
PESTICIDES CONTAINING NICOTINE
Nicotine Black Leaf 40
PESTICIDES CONTAINING SUBSTITUTED NITROPHENOLS
Dinitrocresol
Waste Poison B, Solid, NOS
Waste Poison B, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
DNC, DNOC, Chemsect, Detal, Elgetol Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid,
30, Nitador, Selinin, Sinox, Trifocide, NOS
Trifrina Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Dinoseb
DNBP, Basanite, Caldon, Chemox
General, Chemox PE, Dinitro, Dinitro
General, Dynamite, Elgetol 318,
Gebutox, Hel-Fire, Nitropone C.
Premerge 3, Sinox General, Subitex,
Vertac General Weed Killer, Vertac
Selective Weed Killer
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES
Dimethoate
Disulfoton
Famphur
Methyl Parathion
Parathion
AC-12880, Bi 58 EC, Cekuthoate,
Cygon, Daphene, De-Fend, Demos-
L40, Devigon, Dimet, Dimethogen,
Perfekthion, Rebelate, Rogodial,
Rogor, Roxion, Trimetion
BAY 19639 and S276, Dithiodemeton,
Dithiosystox, Di-Syston,
Ethylthiodemeton, Frumin AL, M-74,
Solvirex, Thiodemeton
Bash, Bo-Ana, Dovip, Famfos, Warbex
Cekumethion, E-601, Devithion,
Folidol M, Fosfemo M50, Gearphos,
Metacide, Metaphos, Nitrox 80,
Parataf, Paratox, Partron M, Penncap-
M, Wofatox
AC-3422, Alkron, Aileron, Aphamite,
Bladan, Corothion, E-605, ENT
15108, Ethyl Parathion, Etilon,
Folidol E-605, Fosterno 50, Niran,
Orthophos, Panthion, Paramar,
Paraphos, Parathene, Parawet, Phoskil,
Rhodiatox, Soprathion, Station,
Thiophos
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid,
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid
Waste Disulfoton Poison B
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Dry Poison B
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Liquid Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Solid, NOS Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid
Waste Methyl Parathion, Liquid
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Dry
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing 25% or less methyl parathion)
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing more than 25% methyl parathion)
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Waste Parathion, Liquid Poison B
Waste Parathion Mixture, Dry Poison B
Waste Parathion Mixture, Liquid Poison B
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS Flammable Liquid
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
UN2757
UN2757
UN2758
UN2777
UN2777
UN2778
UN2777
UN2777
UN2778
UN2811
UN2810
UN1992
UN2779
UN2779
UN2780
UN2780
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA 2783
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
-------
I3DI6 0 (continued)
Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRYCHNINE PESTICIDES
Strychnine Strychnine Salts
THALLIUM SULFATE PESTICIDES
Thallium Sulfate Thallous Sulfate, Ratox, Zelio
TRIAZINE PESTICIDES
Amitrole
Amerol, Amino Triazol Weedkiller 90,
Amizol, AT-90, AT Liquid, Azolan,
Azole, Cytrol, Diurol, Farmco,
Herbizole, Simazol, Weedazol,
Weedazol TL
PHENOXY PESTICIDES
2,4-D*
2,4,5-T
Silvex*
Amoxone, Brush Killer, Brush Rhap,
Chloroxone, Crop Rider, D50, DMA 4,
Dacamine, Ded- Weed, Desormone,
Dinoxol, Emulsamine BK and E3,
Envert DT and 171, Hedonal, Miracle,
Pennamine D, Rhodia, Salvo, Super D-
Weedone, Verton, Visko-Rhap, Weed
Tox, Wee-B-Gone, Weed-Rhap,
Weedar, Weedone, Weedtrol
Brush-Rhap, Dacamine, Ded-Weedon,
Esteron, Farmco Fence Rider, Forron,
Inverton 245, Line Rider, Super D
Weedone, Tormona, Transamine, U 46,
Veon 245, Weedar, Weedone
2,4,5-Fenoprop, AquaVex, Double
Strength, Fruitone T, Kuron, Kurosal,
Silvi-Rhap, Weed-B-Gone
ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES
Aldrin
HHDN, Aldrex 30, Aldrite, Aldrosol,
Altox, Drinox, Octalene, Seedrin
Liquid
Chlordane*
DDT
Dichloropropene
Dieldrin
Endrin*
Endosulfan
Belt, Chlordan, ChlorKil, Chlortox,
Corodane, Gold Crest C-100,
Kypchlor, Vesicol 1068, Topiclor 20,
Niran, Octachlor, Octa-Klor, Ortho-
Klor, Synklor, Termi-Ded
Dedelo, Didimic, Digmar, Genitox,
Gyron, Hildit, Kopsol, Neocid,
Pentachlorin, Rukseam, Zerdane
1,3-Dichloropropene, Telone II Soil
Fumigant
Dieldrex, Dieldrite, Octalox, Panoram
D-31
Endrex, Hexadrin
Beosit, Chlorthiepin, Crisulfan,
Cyclodan, Endocel, EnSure, FMC
5462, Hildan, Hoe 2671, Malix,
Thifor, Thimul, Thiodan, Thiofor,
Thionex, Thiovel
Waste Strychnine, Solid
Waste Strychnine Salt, Solid
Waste Thallium Sulfate, Solid
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
(amine, ester, or salt)
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic
Acid
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic
Acid Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Aldrin
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry
(with more than 65% Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry
(with 65% or less Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Liquid
(with more than 60% Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Liquid
(with 60% or less Aldrin)
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Chlordane, Liquid
Waste Chlordane, Liquid
Waste DDT
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Dichloropropene
Waste Dieldrin
Waste Organochloride Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Endrin
Waste Endrin Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Endosulfan
Waste Endosulfan Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
ORM-A
Poison B
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid4
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
UN 1692
UN 1692
NA1707
UN 1992
UN2763
UN2763
UN2764
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
NA2762
NA2762
UN2762
NA2762
NA2762
NA2761
UN2762
UN2047
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
NA2761
UN2762
-------
13016 0 (continued)
Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Heptachlor"
Kepone
Lindane*
Methoxychlor
Propylene Dichloride
Toxaphene*
OTHER PESTICIDES
Thiram
Warfarin
Pentachlorophenol*
Designations/Trade Names
Gold Crest H-60, Drinox H-34,
Heptamul, Heptox
Chlordecone, GC 1189
Exgama, Forlin, Gallogama,
Gamaphex, Gammex, Inexit, Isotox,
Lindafor, Lindagam, Lindagrain,
Lindagranox, Lindalo, Lindamul,
Lindapourdre, Lindaterra, Novigarn,
Silvanol
Flo Pro MeSeed Protectant, Marlate
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
Attac 4-2, 4-4, 6, 6-3, 8,
Camphochlor, Motox, Phenacide,
Phenatox, Strobane T-90, Toxakil,
Toxon 63
TMTD, AAtack, Arasan, Aules,
Evershield T Seed Protectant, Fermide
850, Fernasan, Flo Pro T Seed
Protectant, Hexathir, Mercuram,
Nomersan, Pomarsolforte, Polyram-
Ultra, Spotrete-F, Tetrapom, Thimer,
Thioknock, Thiotex, Thiramad,
Thirasan, Thiuramin, Tirampa,
Trametan, Tripomol, Thylate, Tuads,
Vancide TM
Co-Rax, Cov-R-Tox, Kypfarin, Liqua-
Tox, RAX, Rodex, Rodex Blox, Tox-
Hid
PCP, Penta, Penchlorol, Pentacon,
Penwar, Sinituho, Santophen
Pentachloronitrobenzene PCNB, Avicol, Botrilex, Brassicol,
Hexachlorobenzene*
1,2-Dibromo 3-
chloropropane
IGNITABLE AND/OR
Methyl Alcohol
Ethyl Alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Toluene
Xylene
Chloroform1'
Carbon Tetrachloride"
Earthcide, Folosan, Kobu, Pentagen,
Saniclor 30, Terraclor, Tilcarex,
Tritisan
Perchlorobenzene, Anticarie, Ceku
C.B., HCB, No Bunt
DBCP, Nemafume, Nemanox, Neraaset,
Nematocide
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Heptachlor
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Kepone
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Lindane
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Methoxychlor
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Propylene Dichloride
Waste Toxaphene
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Thiram
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Pentachlorophenol
Waste Flammable Liquid
Waste Combustible Liquid
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
UN/NA
ID Number
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2701
UN2761
UN2762
UN 1279
NA2761
UN2762
NA2771
UN 1992
NA9189
NA9189
UN1993
NA1993
NA2020
UN1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
NA9189
UN1993
NA1993
TOXIC SOLVENTS USED IN PESTICIDES
Methanol
Ethanol, Alcohol
Isopropanol
Methyl Benzene, Toluol
Dimethylbenzene, Xylol
Chloroform
Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Carbona
Waste Methyl Alcohol
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Toluene, (toluol)
Waste Xylene (xylol)
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
UN 1230
UNI 170
UN1219
UN1294
UN 1307
UN1888
UN 1846
Benzene"
Halon 104
Benzol
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Flammable Liquid UN 1114
-------
13DIB 0 (continued)
Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Tetrachloroethylene*
Solvent Mixtures
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste
Perc, Perclene, Tetralex, Nema,
Tetracap, Persec, Antisal 1, Perawin,
Didakene
Waste Tetrachloroethylene ORM-A
UN 1897
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
(flash point between 100°F and 200°F)
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
(flash point less than 100°F)
Combustible Liquid NAI993
Flammable Liquid UN 1993
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS ORM-E
Flammable Liquid UN 1993
Flammable Solid UN 1325
Combustible Liquid NA1993
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories. 3 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
2 NOS - Not otherwise specified. 4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
Table 4
Pharmaceutical Preparations Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
SPENT SOLVENTS, STILL BOTTOMS, AND OTHER
Acetone Acetone
Benzene* Benzene
Chloroform* Chloroform
Carbon Tetrachloride* Perchloromethane, Tetraform,
IGNITABLE TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Waste Acetone
Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Waste Chloroform
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Hazard Class
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-A
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1090
UN 11 14
UN 1888
UN 1846
Phenol*
Toluene
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Waste, NOS3
Hazardous Waste
Carbona, Halon 104
Phenol
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Waste Phenol
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
UN1671
UN 1993
Combustible Liquid4 NA1993
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
UN 1325
UN9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories. 3 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F. 4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
Table 5
Other Chemical Product Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Corrosive Material
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia) ORM-A
Waste Hydrobromic Acid Corrosive Material
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Corrosive Material
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
-------
Waste Type
5 (continued)
Other Chemical Product Formulators Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name
Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H3P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda,
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Corrosive
Material
Material
Material
Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
UN 1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN 1823
UN1832
UN1755
SPENT SOLVENTS, STILL BOTTOMS, AND OTHER IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Acetone Acetone Waste Acetone
Benzene Waste Benzene (Benzol)
Benzene*
Methylene Chloride"
Toluene
Trichloroethylene*
Xylene
Dichloromethane, Methane Dichloride, Waste Dichloromethane or Methylene Chloride
Methylene Bichloride, NCI-C50102,
Solaesthin, Aerothene, Narkotil,
Solmethine
Toluene, Methacide, Methylbenzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Toluol, Antisal 1A
TCE, Perm-A-Clor, Landain, Lethurin,
Nialk, Triklene, Algylen, Trielin,
Chlorylene, Dow-Tri
Xylene, Xylol
OTHER REACTIVE WASTES
Hypochlorites
Organic Peroxides
Perchlorates
Permanganates
Sulfides
Sodium Hypochlorite, NaOCl
Hypochlorous Acid, Cloros, Dazzle,
Antiformin
Organic Peroxide
Irenat, Periodin, Perchlorocap
Permanganic Acid, Potassium Salt,
Chameleon Mineral
Potassium Monosulfide, K2S, Sodium
Sulfuret, Na2S
OTHER IGNITABLE OR TOXIC WASTES
Ignitable Wastes NOS Ignitable Wastes
Hazardous Wastes NOS
Hazardous Wastes
Waste Toluene (Toluol)
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Xylene (Xylol)
Waste Hypochlorite Solution (more than 7%
chlorine)
Waste Hypochlorite Solution (not more than 7%
chlorine)
Waste Organic Peroxide, Liquid or Solution,
NOS3
Waste Sodium Perchlorate
Waste Potassium Perchlorate
Waste Perchlorate, NOS
Waste Potassium Permanganate
Waste Sodium Permanganate
Waste Permanganate, NOS
Waste Potassium Sulfide
Waste Sodium Sulfide, Anhydrous
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Solid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid, NOS
Flammable Liquid2
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Corrosive Material
ORM-B
Organic Peroxide
Flammable Liquid
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Flammable Solid
Flammable Solid
Flammable Solid
ORM-E
ORM-E
UN1090
UN1114
TJN1593
UN 1294
UN1710
UN 1307
UN1791
NA1791
NA9183
NA1993
UN 1502
UN1498
NA1481
UN 1490
UN1503
NA1482
UN1382
UN1385
Flammable Liquid UN 1993
Combustible Liquid4 NA1993
UNI 325
NA9189
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories. 3 NOS - Not otherwise specified
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below IOO°F. 4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturers
Industry Overview
Not all businesses in the cleaning agents and cosmetic manu-
facturing category use hazardous substances. If, however, you use
solvents, ignitable liquids, strong acids or bases, heavy metals,
toxic organic constituents, or pesticides, you might generate haz-
ardous waste. If you generate hazardous waste, you might be sub-
ject to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) re-
quirements covering the generation, transportation, and manage-
ment of hazardous waste.
Your business is included in the cleaning agents and cosmetics
manufacturing category if you formulate or manufacture:
waste that is not on this list, contact your state hazardous waste
management agency or EPA Regional office for assistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Soaps, detergents or specialty cleaners
Polishing or sanitizing compounds
Surfactants, finishing agents, or sulfonated oils and
other assistants
Perfumes
Cosmetics
Toilet preparations or sundries.
Hazardous Wastes from Cleaning Agents
and Cosmetics Manufacturing
Manufacturers of cleaning agents and cosmetics use a wide
range of processes and products, and many types of waste are
generated. Table 1 summarizes the major hazardous waste types
generated by manufacturers of cleaning agents and cosmetics, and
Table 2 provides information about specific hazardous wastes.
Generally, hazardous wastes from cleaning agents and chemical
manufacturing are solvent wastes, pesticide wastes, acid/alkaline
wastes, and heavy metal wastes. Wastewaters and sludges from
cleaning equipment used in the formulation of soaps and stabiliz-
ers containing chromium and lead are listed hazardous wastes.
If you generate more than 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about
one-half of a 55-gallon drum) of hazardous waste per month, you
must complete a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when ship-
ping your waste. The Manifest requires the DOT (Department of
Transportation) description of the waste, including the shipping
name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number. This information is
provided in Table 2 for some wastes generated by manufacturers
of cleaning agents and cosmetics. Table 1 and Table 2 are not
comprehensive lists. If you suspect that you generate a hazardous
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturing
Operations: Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might
be Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials Used
General Types of
Waste Generated
Cleaning Agent
Manufacturing
Cosmetic
Manufacturing
Solvents, heavy metals,
pesticides, organic
chemicals, metals, strong
acids and bases
Solvents, organic
chemicals, metals
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Pesticide wastes
Ignitable wastes
Toxic heavy metal
sludges and dusts
Acid/alkaline wastes
Solvent wastes
Toxic wastes
Toxic heavy metal
sludges
EPA/530-SW-90-027q
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Table 2
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Designations/Trade Names
STRONG ACID/ALKALINE WASTES
Ammonium Hydroxide
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Chromic Acid
SPENT SOLVENTS,
Ignitable Alcohol
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Methyl Alcohol
Ethyl Alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Toluene
Xylene
Solvent Mixtures
White Spirits, Varsol
1,1,1 -Trichloroe thane
Petroleum Distillates
Ethylene Dichloride*
Benzene"
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene"
Ammonium Hydroxide, NH4OH, Spirit
of Hartshorn, Aqua Ammonia
Hydrobromic Acid, HBr
Hydrochloric Acid, HC1, Muriatic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid, HF, Fluorohydric
Acid
Nitric Acid, HN02, Aquafortis
Phosphoric Acid, H,P04,
Orthophosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, KOH, Potassium
Hydrate, Caustic Potash, Potassa
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, Caustic Soda,
Soda Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4, Oil of Vitriol
Chromic Acid
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Ammonium Hydroxide (containing not
less than 12% but not more than 44% ammonia)
(containing less than 12% ammonia)
Waste Hydrobromic Acid
Waste Hydrochloric Acid
Waste Hydrofluoric Acid
Waste Nitric Acid (over 40%)
(40% or less)
Waste Phosphoric Acid
Waste Potassium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Dry Solid, Flake, Bead, or Granular
Waste Sulfuric Acid
Waste Chromic Acid Solution
Hazard Class
Corrosive Material
ORM-A
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Oxidizer
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
Corrosive Material
UN/NA
ID Number
NA2672
NA2672
UN1788
NA1789
UN1790
UN2031
NA1760
UN 1805
UN1814
UN1813
UN 1824
UN 1823
UN1832
UN1755
AND IGNITABLE WASTES AND/OR TOXIC WASTES CONTAINING:
Alcohol
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Methanol
Ethanol, Alcohol
Isopropanol
Methyl Benzene, Toluol
Dimethyl Benzene, Xylol
White Spirits, Mineral Spirits,
Naphtha
Aerothene TT, Chlorten,
Chloroethene, Methyl-Chloroform,
Alpha T, Chlorotene
Petroleum Distillates
Ethylene Dichloride, 1,2-
Dichloroethane
Benzene
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene, Monochlorobenzene,
Waste Alcohol, NOS2
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Methyl Alcohol
Waste Ethyl Alcohol
Waste Isopropanol
Waste Toluene
Waste Xylene
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Naphtha, Solvent
Waste 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Waste Petroleum Distillates
Waste Ethylene Dichloride
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene
Flammable Liquid3
Combustible Liquid4
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
UN1987
UN 1987
UN1993
NA1993
UN 1230
UNI 170
UN1219
UN 1294
UN 1307
NA1993
UN1993
UN 1256
UN2831
UN 1268
UN1268
UNI 184
UNI 114
UN1175
UNI 134
-------
Waste Type
TdDlB Z (continued)
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Cresols*
Phenol*
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Butanone, Ethyl Methyl
Ketone
o-Cresol, m-Cresol, p-Cresol, (m,p)-
Cresol, (o,m,p)-Cresol
Phenol
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Wasle Cresol
Waste Phenol
Flammable Liquid UN 1193
Corrosive Material UN2076
Poison B UN 1671
HEAVY METAL DUSTS
Heavy Metal Dusts
Heavy Metal Soaps containing:
Silver, Calcium Chromate, Selenium,
Barium, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead,
Chromium, Nickel
Hazardous Waste, Solid or Liquid, NOS
ORM-E
NA9189
PESTICIDES CONTAINING ARSENIC
Arsenic pentoxide Arsenic (V) Oxide
Arsenic trioxide Arsenic (III) Oxide
Cacodylic acid
Monosodium
methanearsonate
Hydroxydimethylarsine Oxide,
Dimethylarsinic Acid, Phytar
MSMA, Arsanote Liquid, Herb-All,
Weed-Hoe
Disodium DSMA, Ansar 8100, DMA, Sodar
monomethanearsonate
OTHER PESTICIDES
Thiram TMTD, Thiruamin, Vanacide TM
Warfarin
Pentachlorophenol*
Co-Rax, Kypfarin, Rax, Rodex
PCP, Pentachlor, Santophen
Pentachloronitrobenzene PCNB, Earthcide, Folosan, Tritisan
Hexachlorobenzene*
1,2-Dibromo 3-
chloropropane
Perchlorobenzene, HCB, Anticarie, No
Bunt
DBCP, Nemafume, Nemanox,
Nematocide
PESTICIDES CONTAINING CARBAMATES
Temik Aldicarb, OMS 771, UC 21149
PESTICIDES CONTAINING MERCURY*
2-Methoxyethylmercuric MEMC, Agallol, Cekusil Universal-C,
chloride Emisan 6
Phenylmercuric acetate PMA, PMAS, Agrosan, Celmer,
Seedtox, Tag HL 331
Waste Arsenic Pentoxide, Solid
Waste Arsenic Trioxide, Solid
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Arsenical Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Thiram
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Pentachlorophenol
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Carbamate Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Mercury Based Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
UN1559
UN1561
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
UN2759
UN2759
UN2760
NA2771
UN1992
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA2020
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
UN 1993
NA1993
NA9189
UN1993
NA1993
UN2757
UN2757
UN2758
UN2777
UN2777
UN2778
UN2777
UN2777
UN2778
-------
Waste Type
I 3Dl6 Z (continued)
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Designations/Trade Names DOT Shipping Name Hazard Class
UN/NA
ID Number
PESTICIDES CONTAINING SUBSTITUTED NITROPHENOLS
Dinitrocresol
Dinitrocresol, DNC, DNOC, Sinox,
Trifocide
Dinoseb
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid, Poison B
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Poison B
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Flammable Liquid
NOS
Dinoseb, DNBP, Basanite, Caldon, Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Solid, Poison B
Dinitro General, Hel-Fire, Nitropone
C.
ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES
Dimethoate
Disulfoton
Famphur
Methyl Parathion
Dimethoate, Cygon, Daphene, De-
Fend, Roxion, Trimetion
Disulfoton, BAY 19639 and S276,
Dithiodemeton.Ethylthiodemeton,
M-74, Solvirex
Famphur, Famfos, Bash, Bo-Ana,
Warbet
Methyl Parathion, Cekumethion, E-
601, Devithion, Metacide, Nitrox 80,
Paratox, Wofatox
Parathion
Parathion, Ethyl Parathion, AC-3422,
Alkron, Bladan, Etilon, Folidol E-605,
Phoskil
STRYCHNINE PESTICIDES
Strychnine Strychnine Salts
THALLIUM SULFATE PESTICIDES
Thallium Sulfate Thallous Sulfate, Rafox, Zelio
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Poison B
NOS
Waste Substituted Nitrophenol Pesticide, Liquid, Flammable Liquid
NOS
Waste Organophosphorous Pesticide, Solid,
NOS
Waste Organophosphorous Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Organophosphorous Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Disulfoton
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Dry
Waste Disulfoton Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organophosphorus
Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Methyl Parathion, Liquid
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Dry
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing 25% or less methyl parathion)
Waste Methyl Parathion Mixture, Liquid
(containing more than 25% methyl parathion)
Waste Organophosphorous Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Parathion, Liquid
Waste Parathion Mixutre, Dry
Waste Parathion Mixture, Liquid
Waste Organophosphorous Pesticide, Liquid,
NOS
Waste Strychnine, Solid
Waste Strychnine, Solid
Waste Thallium Sulfate, Solid
Waste Flammable Liquid, Poisonous, NOS
TRIAZINE PESTICIDES
Amitrole
Amitrole, Amerol, Herbizole, Simazol, Waste Triazine Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Weed 9701 Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Triazine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
PHENOXY PESTICIDES
2,4-D*
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid,
Brush Killer, Crop Rider, Ded-Weed,
Salvo, Weedone
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
UN2779
UN2779
UN2780
UN2779
UN2779
UN2780
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
UN2783
UN2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
NA2783
NA2783
NA2783
UN2784
UN 1692
UN 1692
NA1707
UN 1992
UN2763
UN2763
UN2764
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
-------
TdUlB 2 (continued)
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
2.4.5-1
Silvex*
ORGANOCHLORINE
Aldrin
Chlordane*
DDT
Dichloropropene
Dieldrin
Endrin*
Endosulfan
Heptachlor*
Kepone
Lindane*
Methoxychlor*
Propylene Dichloride
Toxaphene*
OTHER WASTES
Ignitable Wastes, NOS
Hazardous Waste
Designations/Trade Names
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid,
Brush-Rap, Farmers Fence Rider,
Weedone
2,4,5-Fenoprop, Fruitone T, Kuron,
Weed-B-Gone
PESTICIDES
HHDN, Aldrex 30, Altox, Drinox,
Octalene, Seedrin Liquid
Chlorkil, Corodane, Octachlor
DDT
1 ,3-Dichloropropene
Dieldrin, Dieldrex, Dieldrite
Endrin, Endrex, Hexadrin
Crisulfan, Malix
Gold Crest H-60, Drinox H-34,
Heptamul, Heptox
Chlordecone, GC 1189
Exgama, Forlin, Gallogama,
Gamaphex, Gammex, Inexit, Isotox,
Lindafor, Lindagam, Lindagrain,
Lindagranox, Lindalo, Lindamul,
Lindapourdre, Lindaterra, Novigam,
Silvanol
Flo Pro MeSeed Protectant, Marlate
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
Attac 4-2, 4-4, 6, 6-3, 8,
Camphochlor, Motox, Phenacide,
Phenatox, Strobane T-90, Toxakil,
Toxon 63
DOT Shipping Name
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Waste 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
(amine, ester, or salt)
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic
Acid
Waste 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) propionic
Acid Ester
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Phenoxy Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Aldrin
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry (with more than 65%
Aldrin)
Waste Aldrin Mixture, Dry (with 65% or less
Aldrin)
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Chlordane, Liquid
Waste Chlordane, Liquid
Waste DDT
Waste Dichloropropene
Waste Dieldrin
Waste Endrin, Liquid
Waste Endrin Mixture
Waste Endosulfan
Waste Endosulfan Mixture, Liquid
Waste Heptachlor
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Kepone
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Lindane
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Methoxychlor
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Solid, NOS
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Propylene Dichloride
Waste Toxaphene
Waste Organochlorine Pesticide, Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Liquid, NOS
Waste Flammable Solid, NOS
Waste Combustible Liquid, NOS
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
Poison B
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
ORM-E
Poison B
Poison B
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Solid
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
UN/NA
10 Number
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
NA2765
NA2765
UN2766
UN2765
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
UN2762
NA2762
NA2762
NA2761
UN2047
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2762
NA2761
UN2701
UN2761
UN2762
UN1279
NA2761
UN2762
UN 1993
UNI 325
NA1993
UN9189
-------
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA hazardous waste categories.
2 NOS - Not otherwise specified.
3 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
4 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Leather Products Manufacturing
Industry Overview
Not all facilities that manufacture leather goods produce haz-
ardous waste. If you do produce hazardous waste, however, you
might be subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) requirements covering the generation, transportation, and
management of hazardous waste.
Your business is included in the leather products manufactur-
ing industry category if you:
- Tan or finish leather
or if you manufacture:
= Boot and shoe cut stock and findings
Non-rubber footwear
Leather gloves and mittens
Luggage
Handbags and other leather goods.
Hazardous Wastes from Leather
Products Manufacturing
Manufacturers of leather products are likely to produce spent
solvent wastes and wastes from the use of lacquers, materials con-
taining lead, dyes, or materials that produce hydrogen sulfide.
Table 1 lists general processes/operations that use hazardous ma-
terials and that might result in the generation of hazardous waste.
If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a 55-
gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you must
fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship the
hazardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the
proper Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each
waste. Table 2 lists proper DOT shipping descriptions for a num-
ber of wastes that might be generated by the leather products
manufacturing industry. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehen-
sive lists. If a particular chemical you use is not included in these
tables and you suspect it is hazardous, contact your state haz-
ardous waste management agency or EPA Regional office for as-
sistance.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, an<
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Leather Manufacturing Operations:
Materials Used and Hazardous Wastes that Might be
Generated
Process/
Operation
Materials
Used
General Types of
Waste Generated
Beamhouse/
Tanhouse
Finishing/
Trimming
Lime, acids, chromium,
salts
Chromium, solvents,
dyes, lacquers
Acid/Alkaline wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Other toxic wastes
Toxic heavy metal wastes
(dust and sludge)
Other toxic wastes
Spent solvent wastes
EPA/530-SW-90-027r
Printed on recycled papei
-------
Table 2
Leather Products Manufacturing Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
SPENT SOLVENTS,
Trichloroethylene*
Carbon Tetrachloride*
Designations/Trade Names
SOLVENT STILL BOTTOMS, AND
Tri-Clene, Trielene, Tri
Perchloromethane, Tetraform,
DOT Shipping Name
OTHER IGNITABLE OR TOXIC
Waste Trichloroethylene
Waste Carbon Tetrachloride
Hazard Class
WASTES CONTAINING:
ORM-A
ORM-A
UN/NA
ID Number
UN1710
UN 1846
Toluene
Methyl Ethyl Ketone*
Carbona, Halon 104
Toluol, Methercid, Methyl Benzene,
Methylbenzol, Phenylmethane,
Antisol 1A
Methyl Ethyl Ketone, MEK, Methyl
Acetone, Meetco, Butanone, Ethyl
Methyl Ketone
Waste Toluene (toluol)
Waste Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Flammable Liquid"
Flammable Liquid
UN 1294
UNI 193
Benzene*
White Spirits
Kerosene
Hexachloroethane*
Ethyl Benzene
Chlorobenzene*
Trichloroethylene*
OTHER HAZARDOUS
Hazardous Waste, NOS4
Benzene
Mineral Spirits, Naphtha, Stoddard
Solvent
Kerosene, Fuel Oil #1
Hexachloroethane
Ethyl Benzene
Monochlorobenzene, Phenylchloride
Trichloroethylene, Ethinyl trichloride,
Tri-Clene, Trielene, Tri
WASTE
Hazardous Waste
Waste Benzene (benzol)
Waste Naphtha
Waste Kerosene
Waste Hexachloroethane
Waste Ethyl Benzene
Waste Chlorobenzene ;
Waste Trichloroethylene
Hazardous Wastes, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
Combustible Liquid3
ORM-A
Flammable Liquid
Flammable Liquid
ORM-A
ORM-E
UN1114
UN2553
UN 1223
NA9037
UN1175
UNI 134
UN1710
NA9189
* Toxicity Characteristic constituent. Any waste that results in a TCLP extract containing a Toxicity Characteristic constituent equal to or above regulatory
levels is hazardous.
1 These descriptions may change given variations in waste characteristics or conditions. Note that the DOT shipping name, hazard class, and UN/NA ID number
do not directly correspond to RCRA categories of hazardous waste.
2 A flammable liquid has a flash point below 100°F.
3 A combustible liquid has a flash point between 100°F and 200°F.
$ NOS - Not otherwise specified.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
-------
Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest
Federal law requires that any facility that generates more
than 100 kilograms (220 pounds or approximately one-half of
a 55-gallon drum) of hazardous waste (or 1 kilogram of acute-
ly hazardous waste) in a calendar month use the completed
Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when shipping its haz-
ardous waste off-site.
Rememberyou must use the Manifest of the state to
which you are sending the waste. If that state does not have its
own version of the Manifest, use the Manifest form of the
state in which you generated the waste.
If neither the state to which you are sending your waste
nor the state in which your waste was generated has its own
Manifest form, you may order Manifest forms from commer-
cial companies that produce the federal version of the
Manifest, or obtain copies from some hazardous waste treat-
ment,, storage, or disposal firms.
Items 1 through 20 (and 21 through 35 on the continua-
tion sheet) constitute the federal portion of the Manifest form.
Items A through K comprise the state portion of the form.
When using a state form, follow the instructions provided
with that form. If you are not using a state form, ask your
state hazardous waste agency whether you must fill in items A
through K. Contact your state hazardous waste agency, your
hauler, and the facility that is to receive your waste shipment
to be sure you complete all the necessary items on the
Manifest.
Instructions
ITEMl.
Generator's U.S. EPA ID Number
- Manifest Document Number
Enter the generator's U.S. EPA
12-digit identification number and
the unique 5-digit you assign to
this Manifest (e.g., 00001).
ITEM 2.
Page 1 of
Enter the total number of pages
used to complete this Manifest,
i.e., the first page (EPA Form
8700-22) plus the number of
Continuation Sheets (EPA Form
8700-22A), if any.
ITEM 3.
Generator's Name and Mailing
Address
Enter the name and address of
your business.
ITEM 4.
Generator's Phone Number
Enter a telephone number where
an authorized agent of your com-
pany may be reached in the event
of an emergency.
ITEM 5.
Transporter I Company Name
Enter the company name of the
first transporter who will transport
the waste.
ITEM 6.
U.S. EPA ID Number
Enter the U.S. EPA 12-digit iden-
tification number of the first trans-
porter identified in Item 5.
ITEM 7.
Transporter 2 Company Name
If applicable, enter the company
name of the second transporter
who will transport the waste. If
more than two transporters are
used to transport the waste, use a
Continuation Sheet(s) (EPA Form
EPA/530-SW-90-027s
8700-22A) and list the trans-
porters in the order they will be
transporting the waste.
ITEM 8.
U.S. EPA ID Number
If applicable, enter the U.S. EPA
12-digit identification number of
the second transporter identified in
Item 7. NOTE: If more than two
transporters are used, enter each
additional transporter's company
and U.S. EPA 12-digit identifica-
tion number in items 24-27 on the
Continuation Sheet (EPA Form
8700-22A). Each Continuation
Sheet has space to record two ad-
ditional transporters. Every trans-
porter used between the generator
and the designated facility must be
listed.
ITEM 9.
Designated Facility Name and
Site Address
Enter the company name and site
address of the facility to which
you are shipping the waste listed
on this Manifest. The address
must be the site address, which
may be different from the compa-
ny mailing address.
ITEM 10.
U.S. EPA ID Number
Enter the U.S. EPA 12-digit iden-
tification number of the designat-
ed facility identified in Item 9.
ITEM 11.
U.S. DOT Description (including
Proper Shipping Name, Hazard
Class, and ID Number [UN/NA])
Enter the U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT) Proper
Shipping Name, Hazard Class,
and ID Number (UN/NA) for each
waste as identified in 49 CFR 171
through 177. Your hauler or the
facility to which you are shipping
the waste may be able to help you
determine this information. You
may also be able to obtain infor-
mation and assistance from the
U.S. Department of Transportation
(DOT) at 202-366-5580, Materials
Transport Bureau, your state trans-
portation agency, your state haz-
ardous waste management agency,
or your trade association.
ITEM 12.
Containers (No. and Type)
Enter the number of containers for
each waste and the appropriate ab-
breviation for the type of contain-
er:
DM = Metal drums, barrels, kegs
DW = Wooden drums, barrels,
kegs
DF = Fiberboard or plastic drums,
barrels, kegs
TP = Tanks portable
TT = Cargo tanks (tank trucks)
TC = Tank cars
DT = Dump truck
CY = Cylinders
CM = Metal boxes, cartons, cases
(including roll-offs)
CW = Wooden boxes, cartons,
cases
CF = Fiber or plastic boxes, car-
tons, cases
BA = Burlap, cloth, paper or plas-
tic bags
ITEM 13.
Total Quantity
Enter the total quantity of waste
described on each line. Your mea-
surement must include the weight
of the container when the waste
container is to be discarded (ex-
ample: a drum containing waste).
Do not use fractions or decimals.
ITEM 14.
Unit (Wt./Vol.)
Enter the appropriate abbreviation
for the unit of measure for each
quantity entered under Item 13, as
follows:
G = Gallons
P = Pounds
T = Tons (2,000 pounds)
Y = Cubic yards
L = Liters
K = Kilograms
M = Metric tons (1,000 kilo-
grams)
N = Cubic meters
ITEM 15.
Special Handling Instructions and
Additional Information
Use this space to indicate special
transportation, treatment, storage,
or disposal information or Bill of
Lading information.
ITEM 16.
Generator's Certification
You must sign and date the
Uniform Hazardous Waste
Manifest after you have filled it
out. You must certify that you
have made a good faith effort to
minimize your waste generation
and to select the best waste man-
agement method that is available
to you and that you can afford.
Printed on recycled paper
-------
Please prim or type. (Form designed ror use on elite (12-pilch) typewriter.)
Form Approved. OMB No. 2050-O039. Expires 9-30-91
UNIFORM HAZARDOUS
WASTE MANIFEST
1. Generator's US EPA ID No.
Manifest
Document No
I I I I
2. Pa<
of
information in the shaded areas
is not required by Federal
law.
3 Generator s Name and Mailing Address
A. btata Mafutest uwumem
B. Stsra Generator's ID
Generator's Phone (
Transporter 1 Company Name
""OITEPA ID Number
, State Transporter'*-'
Q. Tr'arisporter s Phone
6.' £tate- transporter ''s (0
Transporter 2 Company Name
US EPA ID Number
K transporter's
U3~EPA ID Number"
Designated Facility Name and Site Address
T7T
FBCf(i)y*'S Phonft
11. US DOT Description (Including Proper Shipping Name, Hazard Class, and ID Number)
12. Containers
No. Type
13.
Total
Quantity
14.
Unit
Wt/Vol
Waste No
b.
d.
TvtovT
~J. Additional Descriptions for Materials Listed Above
K.
15. Special Handling Instructions and Additional Information
16. GENERATOR'S CERTIFICATION: I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described above by
proper shipping name and are classified, packed, marked, and labeled, and are in all respects in proper condition for transport by highway
according to applicable international and national government regulations.
If I am a large quantity generator, I certify that I have a program in place to reduce the volume and toxicity of waste generated to the degree I have determined to be
economically practicable and that I have selected the practicable method of treatment, storage, or disposal currently available to me which minimizes the present and
future threat to human health and the environment; OR, if I am a small quantity generator, I have made a good faith effort to minimize my waste generation and select
the best waste management method that is available to me and that I can afford.
Printed/Typed Name
Signature
Month Day Year
I J J I I I
17.Transporter 1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Materials
Printed/Typed Name
Signature
Month Day Year
I I I I I I
18.Transporter 2 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Materials
Printed/Typed Name
Signature
Month Day Year
1 1 1 I I I
19.Discrepancy Indication Space
20 Facility Owner or Operator Certification of receipt of hazardous materials covered by this manifest except as noted in Item 19.
Printed/Typed Name
Signature'
Month Day Year
I I I I I I
EPA Form 8700-22 (Rev. 9-88) Previous editions are obsolete
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Drycleaning and Laundry Plants
Industry Overview
While not all dry cleaning and laundry facilities produce haz-
ardous waste, those facilities using hazardous solvents might be
subject to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) re-
quirements covering the generation, transportation, and manage-
ment of hazardous waste.
The establishments covered under drycleaning and laundry
plants include:
Retail drycleaning stores
Industrial and linen supply plants with drycleaning
operations
Leather and fur cleaning plants
Self-service laundromats with drycleaning equipment
Other establishments with drycleaning operations.
Hazardous Wastes from
Drycleaning and Laundry Plants
Potential hazardous wastes generated by drycleaning and laun-
dry plants are primarily solvents. These solvents include:
Perchloroethylene, otherwise known as perc,
PCE, or tetrachloroethylene
Valclene, also known as fluorocarbon 113 or
trichlorotrifluoroethane
Petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard, quick-dry,
low-odor, and other solvents.
Perchloroethylene plants potentially produce three types of haz-
ardous wastes:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight)
Spent filter cartridges (total weight of the
cartridge and remaining solvent after draining)
Cooked powder residue (the total weight of
drained powder residues from diatomaceous or other
powder filter systems after heating to remove excess
solvent).
Valclene plants potentially produce two types of hazardous
wastes:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight)
Spent filter cartridges (total weight of the
cartridge and remaining solvent after draining).
Petroleum solvent plants potentially produce only one type of
hazardous waste:
Still residues from solvent distillation
(the entire weight).
To determine whether your plant qualifies as a regulated gener-
ator and to complete the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest, you
EPA/530-SW-90-027b
must determine the weight of the hazardous waste your plant gen-
erates. Table 1 lists common types and average quantities of haz-
ardous waste produced per 1,000 pounds of clothes cleaned.
If you generate 100 kilograms (220 pounds or about half of a
55-gallon drum) or more of hazardous waste per month, you must
fill out a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest when you ship haz-
ardous waste off your property. The Manifest requires the proper
Department of Transportation (DOT) description for each waste.
DOT description information is provided in Table 2 to aid in
preparing the Manifest. Table 1 and Table 2 are not comprehen-
sive lists. If you suspect you generate other hazardous wastes,
contact your state hazardous waste agency or Regional EPA office
for more information.
Waste Minimization
An effective waste minimization program can reduce the costs,
liabilities, and regulatory burdens of hazardous waste manage-
ment, while potentially enhancing efficiency, product quality, and
community relations. Waste minimization techniques that can
help you reduce the amount of hazardous waste that you generate
include:
Production planning and sequencing
Process/equipment adjustment or modification
Raw material substitution
Loss prevention and housekeeping
Waste segregation and separation
Recycling.
Training and supervision of employees implementing waste
minimization techniques is an important part of your successful
program. Call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline toll-free at 800-424-
9346 (or TDD 800-553-7672 for the hearing-impaired) for waste
minimization information and publications.
Table 1
Typical Quantities of Hazardous Waste From Dry Cleaning
(Pounds of waste per 1,000 pounds of clothes cleaned)
Waste Type
Cleaning Method
PERC Valclene Petroleum Solvents
Average Quantity of Hazardous Waste (pounds)
Still Residues
Spent Cartridge Filters
Standard (carbon core)
Adsorptive (split)
Cooked Powder Residue
Drained Filter Muck
25
20
30
40
NA
10
15
20
N&
NA
20
*
*
N\
*
Well-drained filter cartridges or drained filter muck are solids and are not
likely to meet the criteria for classification as ignitable solids; therefore,
they are usually not hazardous wastes. Be sure, however, that these wastes
do not fail the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure; if they do, they
are hazardous wastes.
Printed on recycled paper
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Table 2
Drycleaning and Laundry Plants Waste Descriptions1
Waste Type
Perc
Valclene
Petroleum Solvents
Hazardous Waste, NOS
Designations/Trade Names
DOT Shipping Name
Waste Perchloroethylene or Waste
Tetrachloroethylene
Hazardous Waste, NOS2
Waste Petroleum Distillate
Waste Petroleum Naphtha
Hazardous Waste, Liquid or Solid, NOS
Hazard Class
ORM-A
ORM-E
Combustible Liquid3
Combustible Liquid
ORM-E
UN/NA
ID Number
UN 1897
UN9189
UN 1268
UN 1255
NA9189
1 In certain situations, other DOT descriptions may be applicable to the wastes listed.
2 NOS - not otherwise specified.
3 If the flash point of the solvent or residue as disposed of is less than 100°F, the hazard class is "flammable liquid." Although the flash point of petroleum
drycleaning solvents is above 100°F, the presence of contaminants (such as printing inks) could lower the overall flash point to below 100°F.
For further information call the RCRA/Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346
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