&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EPA453/N-93-013
July 1993
          Control
                        Technology
                                         Center
    Volume 5. No.
               A JOINT EPA/STAPPA / ALAPCO PROJECT
                                            Juh 1993
        AIR EMISSIONS &
             CONTROL
         TECHNOLOGIES
          FOR LEATHER
          TANNING AND
             FINISHING
           OPERATIONS

            By Iliam D. Rosario
            ISB/ESD/OAQPS

       The report "Air Emissions and Con-
   trol Technology for LeatherTanning and
   Finishing  Operations" (EPA-453/R-93-
   025) was completed this summer by the
   Industrial Studies Branch,  Emission
   Standard Division, OAQPS, forthe CTC.
   This document was developed in re-
   sponse to a number of HOTLINE re-
   quests for information by several State
   and local agencies, and the industry.  It
Chemicals
Acetone. Cyclohexane. Cyclohexanone. n-Butyl Alcohol. Ethanol.
2-Ethoxyethanol. Isopropyl Alcohol. 2-Methoxyethanol. Naptha
Benzene. Cumene, Diethanolamine. Ethylene Glycol. Glycol Ethers.
Formaldehyde. Methanol. Methyl Chloroform. Methyl Ethyl Ketone. Methyl
Isobutyl Ketone. Methylene Chloride. Tetrachloroethylene. Triethyl Amine.
Toluene, Xylene (mixed)
Chlorine. Chromium. Chromium Compounds. Hydrochloric Acid.
Manganese. Manganese Compounds
Classification
non-HAP VOC's
HAP VOC's
non-VOC HAP's
                     Table 1 - Air Emission Compounds from Leather Facilities. (Sources include the TRI
                     database, chemical industry, and the leather industry.)
                  provides information needed to assess
                  emissions control options for volatile or-
                  ganic compounds (VOC) and hazardous
                  air pollutants (HAPs) from this industry.
                      This CTC document provides infor-
                  mation on leather tanning and finishing
                  processes,  potential emissions from
                  these processes, and emission control
                  options. The primary sources of VOC &
                  HAPs are:  leather finishing  opera-
                    tions; waterproofing operations; solvent
                    degreasing  operations; and miscella-
                    neous fugitive sources. Table 1 lists air
                    pollutants emitted from these sources.
                    These pollutants were identified in the
                    Toxic Release  Inventory (TRI) for the
                    years 1987-1990, and also from data
                    obtained from operating facilities.
                        The bulk of emissions resulting from
                                     (continued page 2)
                  AIRWA  VES
                    By Bob Blaszczak,
                  Co-Chair, CTC/OAQPS
       It's been very busy! The Small Business Assistance Pro-
   gram (SBAP)  has exploded.  CTC accesses lead by BBS
   activity (especially the RACT/BACT/LAER  Clearinghouse
   (RBLC)) have continued at the high rate that began in October
   of 1992.   That's when the  RBLC moved to the OAQPS
   Technology Transfer Network BBS. We have  already  far
   exceeded the 15,000 accesses to CTC services experienced
   in all of FY92.  In fact, at the current rate of usage, accesses
   to CTC services in  FY93 will almost double FY92  levels.
   Thanks for your continuing vote of confidence. I just hope we
   can keep up with the pace and continue to provide you with
   quality services with the resources at hand. We'll do our best
   for you!
       As you may know, CTC project funds to support your
   request for case specific assistance and general technical
   guidance were cut substantially  in  FY93.  Virtually all FY93
                                    funds were expended as of June.  New funding won't be
                                    available until late October. However, we are still looking for
                                    good projects. The tighter budget increases competition for
                                    this limited resource, so it's important to get your request to us
                                    as soon as possible. We would love to have a host of projects
                                    approved and ready to go when new funds become available.
                                    In fact, depending on demand and funds left over from other
                                    programs in FY93, we may be able to expand this assistance
                                    effort slightly in FY94 (that begins October 1 for us). So don't
                                    wait! Get your request in now and go to the front of the line!
                                       Be sure and check out new software tools available only on
                                    the CTC BBS. This includes SAGE, a guide to selecting more
                                    environmentally friendly solvents, and an improved version of
                                    HAP-PRO. See the articles in this edition of the CTC NEWS
                                    for more information.
                                       The CTC gets numerous requestfor information on sched-
                                    uling of CTGs and MACT standards and we've had sugges-
                                    tions to include that kind of information on the CTC BBS or in
                                    the CTC NEWS. We think that's a great idea that could save
                                    us all a lot of phone calls and time. There has been  some
                                    reluctance here at EPA because schedules are really best
                                    estimates that tend to change, and publishing scheduling
                                                                     (continued page 2)

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   TANNING EMISSIONS
      (continued from page 1)

leather finishing operations are from
spray booths and associated  dryers.
Little data are available to quantify that
portion of total emissions which occur
between the spray booth and the exit of
the associated dryer. Other emission
STATE
Illinois
Massachusetts
New Jersey
New York
Wisconsin
VOC Limits
3,5 Ibs of VOC's per gallon of base and intermediate coats; 38 Ibs
VOC emission per 1000 sq. ft. for top coats.
27.4 Ibs of VOC per gallon of solids applied.
5.8 Ibs of VOC per gallon of coating. (The permissible limit is VOC
per gallon of coating minus the water content.)
5.8 Ibs of VOC. per pallon of coating.
38 Ibs of VOC emitted per 1000 sq. ft, of leather.
         Table 2 - VOC Limitations in Existing State Regulations
    Five existing State and local regula-
tions affecting the leather tanning and
finishing industry have been identified.
The States of New Jersey, New York,
and Massachusetts limit the VOC con-
tent of the finishing material. The State
of Wisconsin limits VOC emissions by
the square footage of leather finished.
The State of Illinois incorporates compo-
                        nents   of
                        both types of
                        rules. Table
                        2 lists  the
                        VOC  limita-
                        tions  in ex-
                        isting state
                        regulations.
                        A sixth regu-
                        lation is cur-
                        rently being
                        developed
                        by     the
                        Monterey
                        Bay    Air
pointsarethe mixing room,fugitive emis-
sions associated with supplying coat-
ings to the spray guns (often includes
open drums of virgin material), clean up
operations,  secondary emissions from
contaminated water wash, and addi-
tional solvent evaporation after the dry-
ing operation.
    The source reduction techniques
available to leather finishing operations
and the associated emission reductions
tend to be very site-specific.  The  only
known abatement device currently em-
ployed within the domestic leatherfinish-
ing industry is regenerative thermal in-
cineration.  Presently two facilities use
this  control technology.  They are
Mercersburg Tanning, Mercersburg, PA
and  Seton Company, Saxton, PA.
    Other efforts to  reduce emissions
from leatherfinishing can be categorized
by: a) use of lower VOC or water-based
coatings; b) improved transfer efficiency
of the coatings application process; and
c) improved housekeeping practices and
employee training. Eagle Leather com-
pany, Grand Heaven,  Ml,  is the  only
automotive leather upholstery manufac-
turer in North America to convert to wa-
ter-based finishing. They have reduced
their air emissions by 90%.
Quality Management District. It will limit
VOC content of the coatings and will
specify application methods and equip-
ment to be used for leather finishing.
This regulation was scheduled for pro-
mulgation in April of 1993 but has been
delayed due to problems with the format
of the proposed rule.
    Call the CTC HOTLINE or use the
CTC BBS to order a copy of this  report.
       AIRWA  VES
       (continued from page 1)
information on a moving target may cre-
ate considerable anxiety and expecta-
tion. In addition, to add to the normal air
of confusion, our internal tracking sys-
tem (includes schedules) is in the pro-
cess of being reinvented. Well, in spite
of that, it looks like we have gotten the OK
to make this information available. We'll
work  with what's available and  try  to
have  something in place by the next
edition of the CTC NEWS.

    Hope you're having a great
summer.                       E3
           SOLVENT
  ALTERNATIVES GUIDE
            (SAGE):

        A New Tool to
    Assist in Selection of
       Surface Cleaning
          Alternatives

          By Chuck Darvin,
	CTC/AEERL	

    The January 1,1995, Montreal Pro-
tocol deadline for elimination of produc-
tion of certain  chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), including CFC-113  (  1,1,2-
trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane) and
methyl     chloroform     (1,1,1-
trichloroethane), is rapidly approaching.
One of the major applications of these
compounds is in metal surface cleaning
and degreasing.  They are used over a
broad range of industries and cleaning
applications,  ranging from  precision
cleaning of mechanical  and electronic
parts to general cleaning and paint re-
moval.  Businesses and government
agencies, faced with replacing CFC sol-
vent cleaning systems with which they
have been comfortable for many years,
are frantically looking for replacement
alternatives. In the past they have relied
upon information provided by vendors to
define solvent  replacements,  which
were usually CFC systems.   With the
advent of  the Montreal  Protocol, how-
ever, all has changed. Users must now
become more conscious of their surface
cleaning requirements and knowledge-
able of the chemistries and processes
involved in surface cleaning.
    The  Solvent Alternatives  Guide
(SAGE) is a continuing program con-
ducted by the EPA's Air and Energy
Engineering Research Laboratory. It is a
PC-based system that provides general
and detailed information on solvent re-
placement chemistries and processes.
It is designed to serve as an electronic
handbook and expert system that identi-
fiesthe most viable alternative for agiven
cleaning scenario. SAGE can be used
by  individuals ranging from shop super-
                  (continued page 3)
                                               CTC News page 2

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             SAGE
       (continued from page 2)
visors to regulatory agency personnel
and does not require a detailed knowl-
edge of process chemistry or mechan-
ics.  It provides the user with a list of
viable cleaning alternatives. It highlights
the requirements for implementing the
cleaning option and eliminates most of
the preliminary investigation required to
select a  substitute solvent system.
Aware of the requirements and  limita-
tions of the viable alternatives provided
by SAGE, the user will then be in  a
position to complete final process evalu-
ations to ensure that the alternative will
satisfy the specific production require-
ments of the operation.
    The first version was released in
April 1993 and placed on the CTC bulle-
tin board for downloading.  Version 1.0 is
considered a B ETA test version for both
use and comment back to the Control
Technology Center (CTC) by users. Vi-
able comments will be incorporated into
subsequent versions.  Additional data
and solvent information are being added
to the system as they become available
from studies and research demonstra-
tion programs conducted by the EPA
laboratory. The next version, 1.1, will be
available in July 1993.
    The SAGE system begins by asking
questions that someone responsible for
developing an alternative cleaning pro-
cess would investigate before selecting
an  alternative  cleaning system.  Ex-
ample questions include type of part,
material, shape and size of part, type of
contaminant, desired cleanliness, and
processes before and  after cleaning.
Each question permits the system to
evaluate process requirements,
economics, and material re-
quirementstoselectthemost   co2asc
viable option(s) for the de-
fined manufacturing process. Based on
the answers to the questions,  SAGE
provides responses that define a limited
number of cleaning process chemistries
and mechanical processes.  It defines
alternatives only in  generic terms, and
does not providetrade or vendor names.
It will provide a detailed report complete
with references, case studies, regulatory
impacts, and safety and equipment re-
quirements. In later versions it is antici-
pated that added economic projection
and process design capabilities will be
incorporated into the system.
    All that is required to gain access to
SAGE is a PC with a modem.  SAGE is
currently  available and can be down-
loaded through the CTC BBS. Further
information can be obtained by calling
the CTC HOTLINE.
      CTC PUBLISHES
    REPORT ON OPEN
        BURNING OF
        AUTOMOBILE
    SHREDDER FLUFF

         By Paul Lemieux,
	AEERL/ORD	

    The CTC recently published report
EPA-600/R-93-044 (NTIS  PB93-
172914), entitled "Characterization of
Emissions from the Simulated Open-
Burning of  Non-Metallic  Automobile
Shredder Residue."  In this project, ex-
periments were performed to examine
emissions of organics, particulate, and
metals from  a simulated open  burn of
shredderfluff. The project was prompted
by a request from the State of Virginia,
which was interested in emissions from
af luff fire that occurred at an automobile
            NOasN
                  Volatile Organics
(CO), nitric oxide (NO), oxygen (O2), and
unburned hydrocarbons (THC), were
monitored continuously.  Volatile and
semi-volatile organics characterized in-
cluded mono- and poly-aromatic hydro-
carbons, substituted alkanes and alk-
enes, aldehydes, nitriles, phenols, chlo-
rinated aromatics,  heterocycles, and
polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and
furans. Of the 11 metal aerosols charac-
terized, cadmium, copper, lead, andzinc
were found in significant quantities. The
emission  characterizations performed
indicated that substantial quantities of air
pollutants are emitted.  For the organic
pollutants alone, the emission of more
than 200 g/kg of fluff combusted was
observed. Figure 1 illustratesthe results
from a mass balance performed on the
measured air emissions from the fluff
combustion tests.
    Call the CTC HOTLINE or use the
CTC BBS to order a copy of this report.
	E3

           HAP-PRO
     ENHANCEMENTS

         By Bob Blaszczak,
           CTC/OAQPS

    A new  improved version  of HAP-
PRO, the CTC developed software tool
that helps you evaluate control options
for  hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), is
now available on the CTC BBS.  The
 improved version offers an expert sys-
                      Semi-Volattie Organics
                          Paniculate
                         COasC
Figure 1. Mass Balance from Open-Burn-
ing of Automobile Shredder Fluff.
recycling facility.
    Samples  were collected and ana-
lyzed for volatile and semi-volatile or-
ganics, particulate, and metal aerosols.
Typical combustion process gases, car-
bon  dioxide (CO2), carbon  monoxide
  tern when evaluating carbon adsorp-
  tion as a control option.  It leads the
user through a decision tree that alerts
the user when input parameters or re-
sults are not within standard design pa-
rameters.  This improvement will avoid
many of the problems and unusual an-
swers generated by the program, most of
which have been the result of inputting
unrealistic assumptions  concerning
emission or flow characteristics. Other
changes correct,  improve and/or en-
hance certain general program func-
tions.
    Similar improvements are also un-
derwayforthe thermal/catalytic incinera-
tion part of HAP-PRO.  To minimize the
expense and problems resulting from
                  (continued page 5)
                                              CTC News page 3

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          SMALL BUSINESS ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SBAP) ACTIVITIES
                                       Deborah Elmore, CTC/OAQPS
   National Workshops
          Scheduled

   • SBAP Technical Assistance
           Conference
   Check your calendars!  The First
Annual National Small Business Techni-
cal Assistance Conference will be held
during January 1994, in Research Tri-
angle Park(RTP), NC. This conference
is being hosted by the CTC, as part of our
role as focal point of the Federal SBAP.
The workshop is intended primarily for
State SBAP personnel,  and  will focus
specifically on issues and activities re-
lated to the technical assistance func-
tion.   Topics to be addressed at this
conference will include:
•  Information  on the products and ser-
vices of the EPA technical assistance
centers participating in the Federal
SBAP (CTC,  Emission  Measurement
Technical Information Center (EMTIC),
Pollution Prevention Information Clear-
inghouse  (PPIC), and Chemical Emer-
gency Preparedness and Prevention
Office), with  an emphasis  on each
program's small business activities;
•  Demonstration of OAQPS's Technol-
ogy Transfer Network (TTN),  which will
be the "home" of the Small  Business
Bulletin Board System (designed spe-
cifically to assist the  State small busi-
ness programs);
• Updates on the status of specific rules
that may affect small businesses, includ-
ing Title  III MACT standards, Title V
permit rules, and Title I non-attainment
requirements;
• Discussion on getting small businesses
involved early in the regulatory develop-
ment process, and an explanation of the
regulatory negotiation (reg-neg)  pro-
cess; and
•  Information sharing/
planning session where
States and EPA offices
can exchange available
materials as well  as
ideas  on  future  needs
and projects,  including
options for joint efforts.
    The Research Triangle Park loca-
tion will allow program managers and
engineers responsible for the  various
regulations and  program activities to
participate in theconference. If you have
any questions, comments, or sugges-
tions on agenda topics, please contact
Deb Elmore at (919) 541-5437.  Stay
tuned for further information, and see
you in January!

        • SBAP Ombudsman
           Conference
    The First Annual State Small Busi-
ness Ombudsman Conference is sched-
uled for November 3-4, 1993 in Wash-
ington, DC. For more information on this
conference, please call Karen Brown at
(703) 305-5938.
   SBAP Bulletin Board
       System (BBS) -
  INPUT DA TA NEEDED!

   The SBAP BBS is scheduled to be
available in the Fall of 1 993. This system
will be the primary mechanismfor States
and EPA to share information on small
business activities and available materi-
als.  A number of State SBAPs have
already indicated that they have several
items to share with their colleagues.
   We would like to have as much infor-
mation  as possible on  the SBAP BBS
when it comes on-line.  To do this, we
need a little help from the State SBAPs.
If you have any items you wish to have
placed on the SBAP BBS, please send
us the following information:
• Subject of materials (specific industry,
general guidance, etc.)
• Type of information available  (bro-
chure, report, video, opportunity for a
coordinated effort, etc.)
• Short description of materials/project
• Status of project (early planning, under
development, available for distribution,
etc.)
• Contact, agency name, and telephone
number for more information.
   We would also like to include read-
able/downloadable files on the  SBAP
BBS. If you can provide af loppy disk with
the materials you wish to share in an
ASCII text file, we can make it available
directly on the SBAP BBS.  This would
save us all a number of phone calls and
questions, as well as provide detailed
information to those  who  need it as
quickly as possible.   Once the  SBAP
BBS  is well established, new materials
for addition to the system will be submit-
ted directly through the BBS itself.
   Help us get the new SBAP BBS off
to a quick and useful start!  Send your
contributions to:

       Deb Elmore (MD-13)
       Federal SBAP Coordinator
       U.S. EPA
       RTP, NC  27711

Thanks for your help!            ^^

        Guidebook on
          Explaining
 Environmental Rules to
     Small  Businesses

   The guidebook for preparing infor-
mation on environmental regulations for
small businesses announced in the April
edition of the CTC  NEWS has been
delayed. Please accept our apology for
this premature announcement and any
inconvenience it may have caused. Late
comments and a surge in SBAP work
          have delayed printing this
          document.  Hopefully your
          copy will be in  the mail by
          the time you  read this.
          Check the CTC BBS alerts
          for updates on the availabil-
          ity of this item.
                                    Clyde's
                                    Copies
                                        Color
                                        Copies
                                        Too!!!
                                             CTC News page  4

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           HAP-PRO
        (continued from page 3)

duplication and mailing of new disks and
user's manuals twice within  a short pe-
riod of time, the CTC has decided to wait
until both the carbon adsorption an incin-
eration modules  are complete before
issuing new disks and manuals. A re-
vised  version of  HAP-PRO which will
include both the carbon adsorption and
incineration modules will be available in
the fall of 1993.
    In the interim, the revised version of
HAP-PRO which  includes the  new car-
bon adsorption module will only be avail-
able on the CTC BBS.  Be sure to read
the "read me " file before downloading
this new version.  If you have any ques-
tions  concerning any  HAP-PRO im-
provements, leave a message for Joe
Steigerwald on the CTC BBS, or call the
CTC HOTLINE and ask for Joe.
                               EE3
      CTC EXPERT ON
          EMISSIONS
   MEASUREMENT AND
        EVALUATION:
       BRUCE HARRIS

         By Kim Thompson
        Acurex Environmental

    Bruce Harris, currently part of EPA's
Air and Energy Engineering Research
Laboratory,  started work with the Na-
tional Air Pollution Control Administra-
tion after graduating from the University
of Florida in  1968.  The National Air
Pollution Control Administration  soon
joined with other organizations to form
the  U.S.  Environmental  Protection
Agency (EPA). During his 25-year ten-
ure  at  EPA,  Bruce has gained  and
shared  experience and knowledge in
five branches. As a result of his varied
background with the EPA,  Bruce is a
valuable resource to the Control Tech-
nology Center.  His knowledge of air
toxics and paniculate control measure-
ment, and radon control has been very
useful in  responding to requests from
state, local, and regional government
offices.
    Earning his bachelor's  of science
degree in mechanical engineering from
the University of Florida in  1967,  and
then his master's in Environmental Engi-
neering from the University of Florida in
1968, prepared Bruce for his long career
with the EPA, which began in Cincinnati,
Ohio, as a Public Health Service Engi-
neer Officer. Most of his time was de-
voted to measurement technology ior
particulate matter and  establishing a
particle sizing laboratory to support in-
house  and field
activities  for the
Control Technol-
ogy Program.
    Bruce  was
one of the first
engineers to  be
assigned    to
EPA's  Environ-
mental Research
Center at  Re-
search Triangle
Park in  North
Carolina.   After
relocating  to the
Triangle  area,
Bruce continued
his work  in measurement technology,
but carried it further by becoming active
in  international symposia and conduct-
ing international research programs with
the former USSR.
    Bruce's expertise in measurement
technology led him into the study of the
coal used in the People's Republic of
China.  This project is investigating the
link between lung  cancer and the resi-
dential, unvented burning of coal  for
heat. As a result of his work with coal in
China Bruce received the Level 1 Scien-
tific and  Technological Achievement
Award in 1987 for Establishing an Etio-
logic Link Between  Domestic Smoky
Coal Burning and Lung Cancer in Xuan
Wei, Yunan, China. His continuing work
in  China included a cooperative field
measurement project that involved de-
veloping  special measurement meth-
ods.
    Most recently, he has been heavily
involved in radon mitigation studies. He
was also instrumental in the develop-
ment of diagnostic methods for the de-
sign, installation, and evaluation of ra-
don  mitigation systems.   Training
courses were conducted for school per-
sonnel and mitigators so thatthese mea-
surementscould be taken in schools and
large buildings.
   Currently, Bruce is working on de-
veloping  diesel fuel emission  factors
emitted by cars and trucks.  There is
reason to believe  that the information
provided to established emissions mod-
els may be misleading regarding how
much nitrogen Oxides (NOx) is being
                  emitted. Studies in
                  this area indicate
                  that many factors
                  may affect the lev-
                  els of pollutants re-
                  leased from cars
                  and  trucks;  e.g.,
                  drivers'  driving
                  habits, heavy traf-
                  fic,  high speeds,
                  and  acceleration
                  patterns.
                      Bruce's  mar-
                  riage of 25 years
                  parallels  his 25
                  years with EPA,
                  which he and his
wife celebrated recently with an anniver-
sary cruise to the  Bahamas—his mar-
riage, that is! They are an active couple
with one child in high school and two in
college.   Bruce also stays busy as  a
member of the Knights of Columbus on
the church and state levels. He is very
deserving of  his two awards,  a PHS
Citation and a PHS Meritorious Service
Award.
    EPA's Control Technology Center
has been very fortunate to count Bruce
as one of its  experts in  several fields.
Because of his diverse background, he is
able to assist many callers, and he can
also  direct callers to other specialized
experts.  By answering  questions and
concerns from state,  local, and regional
government agencies, Bruce is able to
keep current with projects that he is no
longer directly associated with, but still
maintains personal and professional in-
terest in.
                                               CTC News page 5

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           DOWNLOADING FROM BUS - CHOOSING THE RIGHT FORMAT
                                                    By
                                        Joe Steigerwaid, CTC/OAQPS
                                                    and
                                           Jo Ann Kerrick, ViGYAN
   Your choice of a download format once you've selected
data you would like to see from the RACT/BACT/LAER Clear-
inghouse (RBLC) data base is very important. The right choice
can make your printout short, easy to print, and well worth the
paper it's printed on. The wrong choice can make your printout
long, hardto print, and generally awaste of the paper it's printed
on. Hopefully, the information below will enable you to make
this difficult (and truly world shattering decision) correctly!
   A list of download formats available within  the RBLC
Information System (BUS)
is  presented in Figure  1.
Here is what each includes:
   • Appendix F: A sum-
mary listing, in alphabetical
orderbyfacilityname.ofthe
processes contained  in
each determination. This
report includes  facility
name, process type code,
process name, and date of
permit issuance. Use Ap-
pendix F for scanning the
control techn ology determi-
nations entered for a par-
ticular company.
   • Appendix G:  A sum-
mary listing, in order of pro-
cess type code, of contacts knowledgeable about the permit
detailed in each determination.  This report includes facility
name, agency name, contact name and telephone number,
and date of permit issuance.  Use Appendix G for scanning
summary information on individual or groups of Process Type
Codes.
   • Scheduling Report: A listing of permit scheduling data
stored in BUS. You may choose one particular date to check,
oryoumaycheckalldates. Usethisreporttotracktheprogress
of RACT, BACT, and LAER determinations.
   ' Appendix H:  A detailed listing organized in two parts.
Part A lists information about control technologies and emis-
sion limits for processes and pollutants. Part B details sched-
uling information related to permitting, as well as costs associ-
ated with control technology used for pollutants. Appendix H
is intended to provide the maximum manageable amount of
technical and administrative information without duplicating a
completed permit application.
    • Free Form: contains all data  elements, with data field
names. Use the Free Form report to see ALL of the information
in BLIS for a particular determination.
BLIS

DOWNLOAD FORMATMENU
1 CURRENTLY ACTIVESUBSET : ll
DATE: 06/28/93

•:F> INDEX OFDETERMINATIONS- APPENDIX F
-3C> DETERMINATIONS BY PROCESS -APPENDIX G
--H--- DETAILEDSOU RCE LISTINGS - APPEN DIX H
-.-!> FREE FORM FORMAT - ALL DATA
 EXIT TO QUERY MENU
ENTER
OPTION
1
Select the Format you want to Download your data in
or press  for HELP.
Figure 1 - Download Format Menu.
    • Lotus or dBASE Format: Contains most of the data
elements in af ormat suitable for use with the dBASE database
program. This format may also be translated for import into
Lotus.  Use the dBASE/Lotus format to do custom searches/
queries using your own software packages.
    AlloftheBLISdownloadformatscontainaBLISIDnumber
for each determination. Use the BLIS ID number to reference
the complete determination for more detailed information.
    If you choose one of the detailed formats, BLIS allows you
                             to select the amount of data
                             to download.   You may
                             choose to: 1) download all
                             process and pollutant data
                             relating to selected  facili-
                             ties; 2) download data (in-
                             cluding all pollutant datafor
                             the processes) relating to
                             only processes selected by
                             the search criteria (marked
                             with an'*'); or 3) download
                             process and pollutant data
                             for pollutants specified in
                             the search criteria (marked
                             with an '*').   Please note
                             that any facility which was
                             marked for  removal from
                             download in the  View op-
tion will not be included in  the download data set.  And
remember, each download is limited to no more than fifty
(non-removed) facilities.
    In summary, here is abrief list of the download formats and
when  each should be used:
    • Appendix F - Quick way to target information on a
        particular facility. (Summary data only!)
    • Appendix G - Great way to target data on a particular
        process or processes. (Summary data only!)
    • Appendix H - Probably the report you want. It contains
        all of the information you're likely to need.
    • Lotus/dBASE -  Nice if you know how to use dBASE and
        want to manipulate the data for yourself.
    • Scheduling Report - This is a
        specialized report to help agencies track
        determinations or indicate those that are behind
        schedule.
    •Free Form - Prints everything for a determination in BLIS,
        buttakes a LOT of paper and contains a LOT of blanks.
        Use at your own risk!
                                              CTC News page 6

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           CARBON
   REACTIVATION ACT
         DOCUMENT

         By Bob Blaszczak,
	CTC/OAQPS	

    Carbon adsorption is one of the most
commonly used organic air emission
control technologies for hazardous air
pollutants (HAPs) and/or volatile organic
compounds (VOC).  It is also used to
treat potable water. As carbon is used
and  regenerated over time, it loses a
significant portion of its reactivity. Atthis
point it must be replaced.  The spent
carbon is then disposed or reactivated.
The  reactivation process involves  ex-
posing the spent carbon to high tempera-
tures in a separate processing unit or
furnace to  remove organic contami-
nants.
    The Emission Standards  Division,
OAQPS, recently released "Alternative
Control Technology Document - Carbon
Reactivation Processes" (EPA-453/R-
92-019). This document describes this
industry, processes used to reactivate
the carbon,  and potential emissions.
Spent carbon may be consider a hazard-
ous waste under RCRA if it is a listed
hazardous waste, was used to treat a
listed hazardous waste ("derived from"
rule), or exhibits one or more  of  the
RCRA hazardous waste characteristics.
Emissions may include organics (HAPs/
VOC),  acid gasses, particulate matter,
and  metals.  Control systems usually
include a thermal afterburner and, if ha-
logenated  organics are present, a
packed tower to remove acid gasses.
Other control system options  include
spray towers; dry, venturi, or impinge-
ment scrubbers; cyclones; and bag-
house filters.
    The ACT discusses all of these con-
trol options. It also provides environ-
mental impacts and costs analyses for
two model emission control systems for
small, medium and  large carbon reacti-
vation plants. Call the CTC HOTLINE or
use the CTC BBS to order a copy of this
ACT document.                _„,
      NEW PROJECTS
         UNDERWAY

         By Bob Blaszczak
	CTC/OAQPS	

    The CTC has initiated  several
projects in the lastfew months and would
appreciate your help and input.  If you
have any  information  or  insight  that
might help in these efforts, pleasecallthe
CTC HOTLINE.

PAINT SPRAY GUN CLEANING: This
project requested by the Sacramento
Metropolitan AQMD will evaluate poten-
tial VOC emissions from various spray
gun  cleaning  equipment now on the
market. Although intended to minimize
VOC emissions compared to  conven-
tional practices, differences in design
and operation among the  various de-
vices may result in different levels of
effectiveness.  The project should be
complete in March 1994.

STYRENE CONTROL  TECHNOL-
OGY: As a follow-up to the CTC report
on fiberglass  boat manufacturing, the
CTC has been evaluating  new control
technology designed to treat styrene
emissions.  One report evaluating the
Polyade (TM) polymer  adsorption  sys-
tem will be available in earlyfall. Another
project to evaluate the Chemtact (TM)
scrubber (QUAD Environmental) should
be complete late this year.

EMISSIONS  FROM PAINT MIXING:
After considerable time, discussion, and
deliberation, the CTC has initiated a re-
search project to determine emission
factor information for paint mixing pro-
cesses. The project was originally pro-
posed bythe Bay AreaAQMD.  Asched-
ule f or this project is still under develop-
ment.

HF FROM  FERTILIZER PLANT LA-
GOONS: This project requested by the
Florida DER  will determine  potential
emissions of hydrogen  fluoride from la-
goons/impoundments that treat scrub-
berwastewaterfrom phosphate fertilizer
plants. We hope to have results late this
fall.
OIL SUPPRESSION OF PM AT GRAIN
ELEVATORS: The CTC has joined in a
coordinated  effort with the  Emission
Measurement Technical  Information
Center (EMTIC), Clearinghouse for In-
ventory and emission Factor Information
(CHIEF),  Nebraska DEQ  and private
vendors to address the effectiveness of
soybean/vegetable oil suppression sys-
tems in controlling particulate emissions
fromgrain elevators. Pending resolution
of source testing issues, we hope to have
a report in the fall.

GOING BEYOND CTG RACT:  The
Lake Michigan Air Directors have re-
quested the CTC to list and rank State
and Local agency RACT rules that have
gone beyond CTG requirements.  This
project is scheduledto begin soon.
   Control I&ohnolojjy £enter
              NEWS

 The CTC NEW$ b a quarterly publication
 01 the U.S. SPA'S Centra! Technology
 Center (CTC^  The CTC is an informal,
 easy-teMJse, no cost, technical assistance
 service 1or  all State and local  (S/l) air
 pofluttoft control agency and EPA fie-
 gfonaf Qfffce staffs.  For others,  some
 services may be on a cost reimbursable
 basts. The CTO offers quick access to
 EPA  experts and expertise via the CTC
 HOTUNeandtteOTC Bulletin Board, anef
 Ifntefitti technical support through source
 specific Engineering Assistance Projects
 or more genwe Technical  Ouidance
 Prtjj&ete. The CTC is operated by the Air
 and Energy Engineering Research Labo-
 ratory, Office of Research: ana* Develop-
 ment, and the Emission Standards Divi-
 sion,  Office of Air Quality  Planning and
 Standards in Research Triangle  Park,
 North Carolina*
    tf you have any air pollution emission
 or control questions, or would like more
 information about flie CTC and the types of
 technical assistance available, CALL THE
 CTC  HOTUflEf.

           (919)541-0800

 Publication of the CTC NEWS does not
 signify that th& contents necessarily reflect
 the views and po&tes of the U.S, EPA, nor
 does the mention of trade names or com-
 mercial products constitute endorsement
\or recommendation for use,          /
          CTC News page 7

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                                         CTC ASSISTANCE
    No cost assistance to staff of State and Locatage neies and
EPA Regional Offices on air pollution control technology
issues,

CTC HOTLINE: CALL (913) S4t-OSOQ to access EPA expert
$taff for eonsyttations,  references to pertinent literature, or
access to E PA technical data and analyses. Ho question is too
simple!

ENGINEERING ASSISTANCE PROJECTS: if you need in-
depth assistance concerning a specific control technology
problem, call the HOTLINE or write the CTC.  EPA staff and
contracto rs are available for short -term projects such as. review
of proposed  or existing control technology applications.
Projects are subject to CTC Steering Committee approval,

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE PROJECTS: if the CTC receives a
rmmberofsimilarHOTLfNEcailsorajolnlfequesfframagreup
of agencies, the CTC Steering Committee may undertake
broad, long-term projects of national or reglonaHrrterest, The
result may be a control technology document for a particular
type of source, microcomputer softwareT or seminars and
workshops.
CTC BBS:Calt|919}$41 -5742 for 1200/2400/9600 baud mo-
dem to access the CTC Bulletin Board. Set communications
parameters lo 8 data bits, N parity, and 1 stop bit, and use a
terminal emulation of VT100, VT102, or ANSI You may leave
HOTLINE requests, order documents, suggest projects, and
download software. The BBS is part of the OAQPS Tech not-
ify Transfer Network 
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