&EFK
United States Eastern Environmental EPA 520/5-87-006
Environmental Protection Radiation Facility June 1987
Agency 1890 Federal Drive
Office of Radiation Programs Montgomery, AL 36109
Radiation
Environmental Radiation
Data:
Report 47
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 47
July - September 1986
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Radiation Programs
-------
Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled and distributed
quarterlyby the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF), Montgomery, Alabama, and contains data
from the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS).
Data from similar networks operated by contributing States, Canada,
Mexico, and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the
ERD when available.
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP). The ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide air, surface
and drinking water, and milk samples from which environmental
radiation levels are derived. The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in
the environment.
Sampling locations are selected to provide optimal population
coverage while functioning to monitor fallout from nuclear devices
and other forms of radioactive contamination of the environment. The
radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross alpha and
gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission products, and specific
analyses for uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, krypton,
and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides ancillary
information on natural background levels and on releases into the
environment from stationary sources such as nuclear power reactors,
fuel fabrication facilities, and reprocessing plants.
The radiochemical procedures used by the EERF in processing the
ERAMS samples are contained in Eastern Envi ronmental Radiation
Facility Radiochemistry Procedures Manual (EPA 520/5-84-006).
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
DATA
CONTENTS
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
- Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum
Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
SECTION I.
Air Program
1
Airborne Particulates
and Precipitation
2. Plutonium and Uranium in
Airborne Particulates and Precipitaton
3. Krypton-85
SECTION II. Water Program
1. Surface Water
2. Drinking Water
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
Page
vii
ix
1
1
17
21
22
22
25
32
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program 34
1. Pasteurized Milk 34
2. Strontium-89 and -90 in Milk 34
3. Carbon-14 in Milk 43
VI
-------
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
In 1973, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of
Radiation Programs, established the Environmental Radiation Ambient
Monitoring System(ERAMS) to provide continuous, accurate, and usable
environmental radiation data to the public. For completeness, ERAMS
data for all specific radionuclide analyses are reported as the
calculated results indicate, whether the numbers are negative, zero,
or positive.
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of radionuclides in environmental
media are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero, the net counting results should statistically show a
distribution of negative and positive numbers about zero. This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from a sample which
has only background activity. Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a specified
reporting level or minimum detectable level. The present reporting
procedure allows all the data to be reported and evaluated
statistically without an arbitrary cutoff of small or negative
numbers. This approach will facilitate estimates of bias in the
nuclide analyses and will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be
exercised in the interpretation of individual negative values.
Obviously, a negative activity value has no physical significance.
Such numbers, however, are significant when taken together with other
observations which indicate that the true value of a distribution is
near zero. When an average of many measurements produces a result
less than zero, this indicates a negative bias in the measurement
procedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
is negative, zero, or positive. All reported values are
corrected for decay to the collection date.
Potassium concentrations are determined by specific
activity analyses.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity
measurementswill be reported, unless the value is below the
vn
-------
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.
MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the background. A
tabulation of typical MDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported value for specific analyses will be
accompanied by a counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval. Error terms are therefore reported as
counting errors. At the very low levels characteristic of most
ERAMS measurements, counting error is the greatest contributor
to overall error.
(3) Significant Figures
No more than three significant figures will be reported.
If a datum contains more than three figures, it will be rounded
off to three figures.
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in Table 1.
Smallest increments are sometimes considerably smaller than
minimum detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors in
averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages will be calculated along with appropriate error
terms in an annual summary and analysis of ERAMS data. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data
including negative numbers will be utilized. Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
VT 1 1
-------
TABLE 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta
Tritium
Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium-238 ,
239
Uranium-234,
235,238
Radium-226
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
.1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a)
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 PCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 PCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
IX
-------
Radionuclide
Strontium-90
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Iodine-129
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium
Potassium-40
Media
Milk
Water
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
( specific
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
9/1
9/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 g/1
.1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
1 PCi/l
1 pCi/1
5 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a) The value in terms of nCi/m , would be dependent on precipitation (mm)
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
-------
DATA - EPA
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I. Air Program
Airborne Participates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific
analyses are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States.
Filters ( 10-cm diameter synthetic fiber ) from air samplers are
changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a G-M
survey meter * at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow for
radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending
on the activity levels found.
The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive analyses in a
low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all
filters showing gross beta counts greater than 1 pCi/m3. The
laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates
due to the decay of naturally occuring radionuclides between the
times of the two measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at these field stations
collecting air filters. These samples are also sent to EERF where
they are composited monthly for gamma scans, tritium, and gross beta
activity measurements. Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234, -235,
and -238 analyses are performed on samples which exceed 2 pCi/liter
gross alpha.
* The counts at five hours for the Montgomery, Alabama station are
performed on a low background beta counter.
-------
Tables 2-4 contain the data in airborne particulate samples
for July - September 1986.
Tables 5-7 contain the data in precipitation samples for July
- September 1986.
Data for the tritium in precipitation samples for July -
September 1986 at the selected stations are shown in Table 8.
A compilation of individual measurements is available from the
EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL 36109.
-------
TABLE 2
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JULY 1986
LOCATION
AL:ASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
IDiBOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
KY:FRANKFORT
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
ME .-AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
# SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN
AVG
(pCi/m )
3
8
9
9
8
9
9
10
9
10
8
4
8
9
8
8
9
6
9
9
7
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
8
2
9
9
6
9
5
8
9
4
0.
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2.
2.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0
9
0
9
0
3
9
2
4
1
0
1
2
9
1
0
7
8
1
8
1
3
2
4
4
8
4
1
0
3
3
5
3
2
1
4
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.3
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.2
.4
.3
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.2
.0
.2
.2
.0
.2
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.5
.4
.8
.0
.1
.6
.1
.2
.1
.0
.1
.1
.4
.1
.0
.2
.4
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2
.2
.1
.4
.3
.1
.5
.8
.1
.7
.2
.1
.1
.2
.3
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
.03
.03
.01
.02
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.05
.02
.01
.02
.02
.02
.05
.01
.01
.01
.03
.02
.04
.03
.02
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.03
.01
.02
.02
.01
(pCi/m
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
3)
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-------
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED'
AIRBORNE PARTICIPATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JULY 1986
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
LOCATION
# SAM
MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
9
9
9
9
7
9
9
9
7
9
8
2
8
9
7
9
8
9
6
3
8
9
9
9
5
M T n
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
n IT
(
.1
.5
.8
.9
.9
.0
.9
.5
.0
.9
.3
.0
.4
.6
.8
.3
.3
.9
.7
.1
.1
.4
.1
.6
.7
f\n
pCi/m
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O T
.0
.0
.1
.1
.3
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.3
.0
.0
.2
.2
.1
.2
TTT f*\
3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
T7»
(pCi/m
.0
.2
.3
.4
.6
.0
.5
.2
.0
.4
.1
.0
.3
.4
.3
.6
.2
.5
.9
.0
.0
.3
.5
.3
.4
c« m T »
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
K n m
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.01
,10
.01
.03
.02
.01
-01
.03
.01
.02
.05
.02
.03
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.02
.02
rr> r»
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
1 _
3i
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.02
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
, 3
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE ISL
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:OLYMPIA
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT
.1 pCi/ltU
.01 pCi/m
-------
TABLE 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
AUGUST 1986
LOCATION
ALrASHFORD 3
AL:MONTGOMERY 9
ARrLITTLE ROCK 8
AZ: PHOENIX 7
CA:BERKELEY 9
CA:LOS ANGELES 9
CO:DENVER 8
CT:HARTFORD 8
DE:WILMINGTON 9
FL:JACKSONVILLE 8
FLrMIAMI 9
GA:ATLANTA 4
HI:HONOLULU 9
IA:IOWA CITY 8
ID:BOISE 9
ID:IDAHO FALLS 9
IL:CHICAGO 8
IN:INDIANAPOLIS 9
KS:TOPEKA 8
KY:FRANKFORT 8
LA:NEW ORLEANS 7
MA:LAWRENCE 8
ME:AUGUSTA 8
MI:LANSING 8
MN:MINNEAPOLIS 8
MO:JEFFERSON CITY 6
MS:JACKSON 9
NC:CHARLOTTE 9
NC:WILMINGTON 7
ND:BISMARCK 9
NE:LINCOLN 1
NH:CONCORD 9
NJ:TRENTON 8
NJ:WILMINGTON 1
NM:SANTA FE 8
NV:LAS VEGAS 8
NY:ALBANY 3
NY:NEW YORK CITY 9
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
# SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m
0
1
•1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.8
.0
.6
.0
.3
.0
.2
.4
.1
.0
.0
.1
.6
.4
.0
.6
.8
.0
.3
.2
.3
.3
.8
.4
.0
.9
.6
.3
.2
.0
.2
.0
.0
.6
.3
.1
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.3
.2
.0
.0
.1
.5
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.1
.3
.4
.5
.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.8
.3
.1
.0
.4
.0
.1
.1
.0
.2
.1
.0
.1
3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(pCi/m
.0
.8
.5
.3
.0
.2
.8
.1
.2
.1
.0
.0
.1
.3
.2
.0
.2
.6
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
.3
.2
.3
.6
.2
.1
.8
.0
.1
.4
.0
.4
.2
.0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
.04
.02
.01
.02
.02
.01
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.03
.01
.02
.02
.03
.02
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.06
.04
.02
.01
.03
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.02
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.04
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
-------
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
NY:SYRACUSE
NYrYAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK-.OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE ISL
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:OLYMPIA
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
AUGUST 1986
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
# SAM MAX MIN AVG
pCi/ni )
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
2
8
8
9
7
7
9
8
8
9
8
9
2
9
9
7
8
9
5
7
9
8
8
8
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.2
.5
.3
.6
.1
.0
.6
.3
.0
.5
.2
.2
.5
.6
.4
.1
.2
.4
.2
.2
.4
.8
.5
.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.0
.1
.0
.1
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.2
.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
1
3
2
4
6
0
3
2
0
2
1
1
2
4
3
6
3
3
6
1
3
4
3
4
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
01
01
02
03
03
02
01
02
01
02
01
01
01
02
09
02
05
03
02
04
01
05
01
01
02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.02
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m
-------
TABLE 4
LOCATION
AL:ASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DErWILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
KY:FRANKFORT
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
SEPTEMBER 1986
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX
MIN
AVG
1
11
12
6
11
11
9
9
10
7
10
4
7
9
8
10
11
7
11
11
6
9
8
9
12
10
10
10
10
10
6
10
9
9
9
5
11
12
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<
.0
.9
.0
.2
.2
.3
.3
.2
.4
.1
.0
.0
.3
.1
.8
.0
.7
.7
.0
.5
.1
.3
.5
.8
.5
.4
.9
.5
.1
.7
.0
.3
.8
.5
.3
.1
.4
.5
pCi
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
/m
0
2
3
2
0
1
3
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
2
3
4
4
0
1
1
1
0
1
2
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
1
0
1
0
) (pCi/m
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.7
.5
.9
.0
.1
.8
.2
.2
.1
.0
.0
.2
.4
.2
.0
.4
.4
.1
.8
.1
.2
.2
.3
.2
.6
.5
.3
.1
.4
.6
.2
.3
.3
.2
.1
.2
.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
01
01
06
02
01
02
03
01
01
01
01
02
02
03
01
01
02
02
05
02
01
02
01
02
02
05
07
04
01
01
02
02
01
01
04
01
02
02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
3)
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
-------
TABLE 4 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
SEPTEMBER 1986
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
LOCATION
# SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE ISL
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:OLYMPIA
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
(pCi/m )
5
8
9
9
8
6
9
11
9
10
9
10
10
9
7
10
9
9
7
10
10
10
9
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
.2
.1
.4
.4
.6
.8
.0
.7
.4
.2
.8
.6
.7
.4
.6
.3
.3
.7
.4
.2
.4
.0
.4
.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.2
.3
.0
.2
.1
.2
.3
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.0
.2
.0
.2
.1
.1
.4
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
0
2
2
4
5
0
5
2
2
5
3
3
3
3
2
2
4
6
1
3
4
3
6
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
01
01
02
01
03
01
01
02
01
02
01
01
04
03
02
05
02
03
02
02
01
02
02
01
(pCi/m
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT
.1 pCi/nu
.01 pCi/m
o
o
-------
TABLE 5
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JULY 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA'.PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
DEPTH
( mm)
72
25
1
120
73
118
113
30
10
87
58
112
42
52
99
95
56
48
146
112
100
18
1
77
53
100
34
99
47
104
31
121
152
138
131
35
.4
.6
.2
.0
.0
.5
.0
.0
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.8
.0
.0
.7
.0
.2
.0
.8
.2
.0
.2
.8
.0
.5
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ACT.
+
2s
(nCi/m )
.28
.09
.01
.30
.43
.40
.06
.14
.17
.07
.06
.08
.26
.07
.06
.08
.20
.07
.08
.45
.23
.01
.01
.14
.11
.16
.04
.25
.18
.10
.04
.44
.47
.27
.35
.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.05
.02
.01
.07
.06
.07
.05
.02
.02
.04
.03
.05
.03
.02
.04
.04
.04
.03
.06
.08
.06
.01
.01
.04
.03
.05
.02
.06
.03
.05
.02
.08
.09
.07
.08
.02
-------
TABLE 5 (CONTINUED)
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JULY 1986
LOCATION
SC:COLUMBIA
TNrKNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VArVIRGINIA BEACH
WA:OLYMPIA
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
DEPTH
( mm)
ACT. + 2s
(nCi/m2)
80
41
19
80
36
55
12
105
68
14
.0
.0
.4
.0
.0
.0
.8
.0
.6
.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.26
.06
.04
.05
.41
.31
-01
.08
.11
.05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.05
.02
.01
.04
.04
.04
.01
.05
.04
.01
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
10
-------
TABLE 6
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
AUGUST 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
ID:IDAHO
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
DEPTH
( mm
60.
85.
0.
71.
113.
187.
69.
48.
36.
86.
35.
123.
148.
80.
74.
16.
38.
159.
180.
46.
115.
78.
11.
28.
60.
71.
19.
140.
42.
60.
56.
39.
119.
110.
58.
103.
)
0
0
8
0
0
2
0
0
6
8
0
0
4
8
6
0
0
0
0
2
4
2
0
2
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
6
0
0
0
ACT.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(nCi/m
.06
.14
.02
.29
.24
.25
.06
.14
.25
.09
.04
.21
.56
.09
.05
.01
.04
.19
.13
.08
.33
.08
.06
.08
.04
.05
.03
.41
.07
.09
.04
.06
.43
.24
.18
.30
+ 2s
2)
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.09
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.10
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.07
0.08
0.02
0.08
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.09
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.07
11
-------
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED)
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
AUGUST 1986
LOCATION
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SDrPIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
DEPTH
(mm)
61.6
261.2
72.6
50.0
102.4
20.0
40.0
38.6
95.0
35.2
21.4
ACT. + 2s
(nCi/m )
0.04
0.70
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.03
0.02
0.33
0.05
0.03
0.08
0.03
0.16
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.01
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
12
-------
TABLE 7
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
DErWILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
DEPTH
( mm)
48.0
23.6
8.0
39.0
17.0
51.0
84.0
79.0
24.0
55.8
21.4
55.0
40.0
62.0
85.4
50.2
40.0
48.0
29.0
52.0
8.8
58.0
28.2
12.0
22.0
29.2
63.0
34.0
33.0
98.0
19.2
30.0
43.4
58.2
57.6
62.4
ACT.
(nCi/m
0.11
0.02
0.00
0.03
0.10
0.12
0.09
0.08
0.03
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.03
0.20
0.22
0.15
0.01
0.04
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.21
0.08
0.01
0.10
0.05
0.36
1.70
0.08
0.07
0.20
0.10
0.03
0.05
0.11
0.12
+ 2s
2)
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.09
0.08
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.09
0.15
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
13
-------
TABLE 7 (CONTINUED)
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
SC:COLUMBIA
SDrPIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VArLYNCHBURG
WArOLYMPIA
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
DEPTH
(mm)
16.0
7.9
69.6
69.6
24.0
7.4
92.8
1.4
6.0
39.0
10.8
ACT. + 2s
(nCi/m )
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.38
0.13
0.13
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.05
0.09
0.02
0.01
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
14
-------
TABLE 8
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
GA:ATLANTA
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
JULY
nCi/1 + 2s
AUGUST
nCi/1 + 2s
SEPTEMBER
nCi/1 + 2s
0.
NS
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
NS
0.
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0.
0.
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
2
3
3
2
1
2
2
3
2
1
3
2
3
3
2
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
3
3
1
3
3
1
1
3
3
2
1
3
2
2
3
2
2
4
2
2
1
1
2
1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
15
-------
TABLE 8 (CONTINUED)
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCrBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TNrKNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TXrAUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VArVIRGINIA BEACH
WA:OLYMPIA
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:CHEYENNE
JULY
nCi/1 + 2s
AUGUST
nCi/1 + 2s
SEPTEMBER
nCi/1 + 2s
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
NS
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
1
3
6
5
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.3
.3
.1
.2
.5
.1
.2
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
NS
NS
0
0
0
.3
,2
.2
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
0.
NS
0.
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
NS = NO SAMPLE
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are
determined by the analyses of semi-annual composited samples (air
filters) collected from the continuously operating airborne
particulate samplers.
Concentration of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238, -239,
-240, and uranium-234, -235, and -238 are determined by alpha
spectroscopy following chemical separation. The volume of air
represented by the semi-annual composite ranges from 25,000 to 40,000
cubic meters.
The plutonium and uranium results for the period January - June
1986 are shown in Table 9.
Table 9.1 contains the results of plutonium and uranium analyses
on selected precipitation composite samples for 1986. Those ERAMS
stations that have the longest history of continuous collection were
selected for these analyses.
17
-------
TABLE 9
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
JANUARY - JUNE 1986 COMPOSITES
LOCATION
AL:ASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID: BOISE'
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS: JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
238
Pu
239
Pu
234
!i/m3+
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
•0
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
.5
.4
.6
.9
.4
.9
.7
.8
.7
.2
.2
.2
.6
.5
.4
.4
.4
.5
.3
.1
.1
.7
.2
.4
.6
.2
.4
.2
.9
.1
.1
.9
.7
.1
.1
.2
.0
.6
.0
.1
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
1.
2.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
2.
2.
0.
2s
7
4
1
9
7
5
5
4
0
2
4
6
2
3
5
5
0
7
4
8
7
5
3
2
3
4
5
5
9
1
2
9
6
5
4
9
9
8
3
9
aCi/m + 2:
0
0
-0
0
0
4
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.5
.2
.2
.4
.5
.2
.2
.1
.3
.8
.3
.2
.7
.6
.1
.4
.9
.5
.1
.4
.2
.2
.2
.3
.9
.5
.1
.7
.9
.5
.2
.1
.1
.6
.1
.0
.5
.1
.0
.7
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
.4
.3
.8
.4
.4
.6
.3
.4
.6
.5
.3
.4
.8
.0
.2
.4
.1
.6
.2
.4
.4
.0
.2
.2
.7
.4
.3
.7
.7
.8
.5
.1
.6
.3
.4
.0
.4
.0
.4
.6
U
235.
U
238
U
aCi/m +
22
15
21
7
19
39
23
13
19
19
6
15
34
62
18
38
20
32
14
18
16
48
19
15
30
25
16
14
104
37
21
41
22
10
27
23
26
29
30
20
.9
.2
.3
.5
.4
.1
.0
.8
.8
.2
.8
.8
.7
.0
.7
.0
.2
.8
.6
.1
.2
.5
.6
.5
.2
.4
.1
.9
.5
.1
.4
.5
.3
.2
.5
.8
.2
.3
.5
.5
3
2
3
2
3
5
4
2
4
3
1
2
5
9
3
5
3
5
2
3
3
8
3
2
4
4
2
3
11
6
4
6
4
1
4
3
4
7
7
4
2s
.4
.3
.4
.0
.4
.2
.4
.2
.3
.4
.5
.7
.0
.0
.4
.6
.5
.8
.7
.2
.2
.3
.1
.6
.7
.4
.7
.7
.9
.3
.9
.4
.2
.9
.7
.8
.2
.6
.0
.4
aCi/m +
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
0
-0
1
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
3
0
.7
.2
.4
.1
.9
.5
.6
.8
.3
.6
.1
.2
.4
.8
.0
.0
.2
.9
.1
.2
.2
.3
.8
.9
.7
.7
.1
.8
.6
.5
.5
.7
.2
.8
.3
.5
.0
.0
.3
.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
0
2s
.4
.2
.5
.2
.6
.9
.9
.4
.9
.6
.2
.7
.9
.3
.7
.0
.7
.9
.2
.7
.8
.4
.5
.5
.9
.6
.3
.1
.1
.7
.4
.6
.9
.5
.2
.7
.8
.0
.1
.6
aCi/m +
20
12
24
7
23
39
18
13
19
17
6
11
24
60
19
33
21
32
12
17
18
41
16
11
28
27
15
17
69
27
21
43
22
10
27
26
26
27
32
19
.6
.9
.4
.2
.7
.9
.0
.0
.0
.1
.9
.5
.5
.1
.2
.9
.0
.1
.0
.2
.0
.2
.1
.7
.8
.9
.9
.5
.5
.5
.9
.5
.1
.3
.6
.2
.2
.1
.2
.5
3
2
3
1
3
5
3
2
4
3
1
2
4
8
3
5
3
5
2
3
3
7
2
2
4
4
2
4
8
5
4
6
4
1
4
4
4
6
7
4
2s
.1
.1
.7
.9
.8
.3
.5
.1
.2
.1
.5
.2
.0
.7
.4
.2
.5
.5
.3
.1
.4
.4
.6
.1
.5
.5
.7
.1
.8
.1
.9
.7
.2
.9
.7
.0
.2
.9
.2
.1
18
-------
TABLE 9 (CONTINUED)
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
JANUARY - JUNE 1986 COMPOSITES
LOCATION
PA-.HARRISBURG
PA: PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX: AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:OLYMPIA
WA: SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
ISL
238
Pu
239
Pu
:i/m3+
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
4
0
.2
.1
.0
.7
.4
.3
.2
.7
.2
.3
.7
.3
.7
.5
.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
3
0
2s
.6
.8
.9
.8
.7
.4
.7
.9
.6
.4
.7
.3
.4
.4
.8
aCi/m + 2i
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
.4
.3
.7
.2
.8
.6
.2
.4
.1
.1
.2
.3
.0
.8
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
.5
.9
.5
.3
.7
.5
.7
.5
.2
.2
.9
.3
.2
.0
.4
234
U
235,
U
238
U
aCi/m +
17
32
19
37
20
45
17
51
24
8
79
109
3
32
14
.7
.8
.6
.6
.4
.3
.1
.0
.3
.5
.1
.8
.9
.1
.4
3
5
3
7
3
6
3
8
4
1
13
12
1
7
2
2s
.4
.6
.5
.0
.8
.6
.4
.4
.6
.3
.4
.6
.0
.4
.7
aCi/m +
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
3
1
0
2
1
.4
.4
.6
.4
.9
.4
.0
.4
.3
.4
.1
.1
.2
.1
.5
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
2s
.5
.0
.5
.1
.7
.8
.8
.0
.9
.3
.6
.5
.2
.7
.8
aCi/nf
15
30
18
20
22
41
19
25
24
9
70
16
3
26
14
.6
.3
.8
.1
.9
.9
.1
.9
.6
.2
.8
.6
.1
.6
.1
+
2
5
3
4
4
6
3
5
4
1
12
2
0
6
2
2s
.6
.3
.4
.3
.1
.2
.6
.2
.6
.4
.4
.5
.8
.8
.6
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
19
-------
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
FL:MIAMI
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
TABLE 9.1
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM ANALYSES
OF
SELECTED PRECIPITATION COMPOSITE SAMPLES
1986
238Pu
pCi/1
0.007
0.024
0.024
0.011
0.016
0.002
0.015
-.006
0.018
0.021
0.021
0.067
-.008
0.018
0.050
0.032
0.000
+ 2s
0.022
0.030
0.017
0.013
0.013
0.016
0.018
0.045
0.020
0.019
0.019
0.044
0.024
0.027
0.031
0.032
0.023
239Pu
pCi/1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
-0.
-0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
026
007
015
002
003
005
002
049
003
009
003
009
002
007
007
004
023
+ 2s
0.022
0.012
0.014
0.005
0.005
0.013
0.005
0.038
0.006
0.010
0.006
0.026
0.025
0.009
0.009
0.008
0.017
234U
pCi/1
0.031
0.133
0.088
0.062
0.064
0.018
0.052
0.074
0.038
0.047
0.064
0.024
0.047
0.052
0.069
0.038
0.097
+ 2s
0.018
0.053
0.084
0.026
0.045
0.024
0.025
0.038
0.027
0.028
0.027
0.022
0.028
0.028
0.036
0.022
0.032
235u
pCi/1
0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
0.
001
000
016
016
001
004
009
014
003
013
005
008
009
007
004
031
013
+ 2s
0.007
0.001
0.023
0.013
0.010
0.007
0.010
0.022
0.010
0.014
0.008
0.019
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.020
0.012
238u
pCi/1
0.019
0.078
0.104
0.034
0.046
0.007
0.036
0.020
0.035
0.032
0.079
0.058
0.053
0.032
0.058
0.032
0.030
+ 2s
0.014
0.036
0.063
0.021
0.026
0.010
0.019
0.024
0.020
0.021
0.026
0.031
0.026
0.022
0.033
0.023
0.018
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
20
-------
Krypton-85
Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half life of 10.8
years. It is released into the atmosphere by nuclear reactor
operations, fuel reprocessing, weapons tests, and research and
defense related activities. Krypton-85 also occurs naturally in
minor quantities primarily from the neutron capture of stable
krypton-84 as well as spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission
of uranium. Monitoring of krypton-85 in the atmosphere has been
conducted to identify and establish baseline levels and long-term
trends.
Krypton-85 analysis began in January 1973 with sample
collections and analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of the
United States with considerations being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing plants, nuclear reactors, and wide geographic
coverage.
Dry compressed air samples, collected at each location, are
purchased from commercial air suppliers annually and shipped to the
EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted in a
liquid scintillation system.
The last Kr-85 results were for 1976, 1977, and 1979. They were
published in Environmental Radiation Data: Report 30.
21
-------
DATA - EPA
ERAMS
SECTION II. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides data on ambient radiation
levels in the nation's rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream from operating or
future nuclear facilities at 58 stations.
Surface water samples are analyzed for tritium quarterly and
specific gamma activity annually. Tritium is a primary radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants and weapons production
activities.
Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples. Gamma scans are performed annually to
determine levels of gamma emitting radionuclides.
Tritium concentrations for July - September 1986 are shown in
Table 10.
22
-------
TABLE 10
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
ALtGORDAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA: DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
CO:GREELEY
CT:EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:MORRIS
IL:ZION
KS:LEROY
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MDzCONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SO. HAVEN
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:CHELSEA
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHEE R.
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
NEOSHO RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE COD BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
DATE
COLLECTED
7/ 8/86
7/ 1/86
7/10/86
7/ 3/86
7/30/86
7/ 3/86
9/29/86
9/ 3/86
8/22/86
8/22/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
8/27/86
7/ 2/86
7/21/86
7/23/86
9/30/86
8/15/86
7/11/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 8/86
7/13/86
7/ 5/86
7/14/86
7/13/86
7/ 1/86
7/22/86
7/ 7/86
7/16/86
7/16/86
7/22/86
8/ 7/86
9/ 3/86
7/30/86
7/ 8/86
7/30/86
nCi/1
0,
0.
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
9.4 *
0.2
0.3
0
0
0
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.9
.1
.3
.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
+ 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
.2
.2
.2
23
-------
LOCATION
OH:TOLEDO
PA: DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN: DAISY
TN:KINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
TX:MATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
VA:NEWPORT NEWS
WA:NORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 10 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
SOURCE
LAKE ERIE
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
JAMES RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
7/ 2/86
7/16/86
7/31/86
7/31/86
7/14/86
8/27/86
7/21/86
9/25/86
7/23/86
7/ 2/86
7/22/86
7/15/86
7/11/86
7/ 9/86
7/ 7/86
9/ 4/86
nCi/1
0.2
0.3
2.6
0.3
2.3
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.1
3.7
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
+ 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
* According to comments from Rowe, MA., the elevated level is
attributable to a discharge from a test tank at the time
of sampling.
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
24
-------
Drinking Water
This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water
at 78 sites. These data serve to assess trends and anomalies in
concentrations, and to compare with standards set forth in the EPA
"National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." These
regulations provide for approval of supplies when the combined
radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not exceed 5 pCi/1, when the
gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels do not exceed 15
pCi/1, when tritium levels do not exceed 20,000 pCi/1, when the
strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and when the gross beta
levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.
Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which are either major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross
alpha, gross beta, strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c)
radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/1 and radium-228 if the
radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1; (d) specific iodine-131 on
one quarterly sample per year for each station; and (e) an annual
composite for plutonium-238 and -239 and uranium-234, -235, and -238
for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2
pCi/1.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the
distilled samples. Gross beta and alpha are determined by
evaporating an aliquot on a stainless steel planchet for counting.
Radium-226 is determined by the standard emanation technique.
Strontium-90 is determined by beta counting a strontium carbonate
precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for July -
September 1986 are shown in Table 11.
The annual alpha, beta, gamma, radium, and strontium analyses
for 1985 annual drinking water samples are shown in Table 12.
Plutonium and uranium analyses are similar to procedures given
for air particulate samples. Analyses were altered to coincide with
revised EPA standards. The results of 1985 composites are shown in
Table 13.
25
-------
TABLE 11
LOCATION
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
DATE
COLLECTED
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
ALrMUSCLE SHOALS
ALrSCOTTSBORO
ARiLITTLE ROCK
CArBERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DE:DOVER
FLrMIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID-.IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KSrTOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD.-CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
7/15/86
7/ 1/86
7/11/86
7/ 8/86
7/10/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 2/86
9/16/86
8/18/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/10/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 8/86
7/15/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 1/86
7/22/86
7/22/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/16/86
7/ 3/86
nCi/1 + 2s
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0-5
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0.2
0.2
26
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
DATE
COLLECTED
NE:LINCOLN 7/18/86
NJ:TRENTON 9/ 8/86
NJrWARETOWN 8/ 7/86
NM:SANTA FE 7/13/86
NV:LAS VEGAS 7/ 3/86
NY:ALBANY 7/ 2/86
NY:NEW YORK CITY 8/20/86
NY:NIAGARA FALLS 7/ 3/86
NY:SYRACUSE 9/11/86
OH:CINCINNATI 7/ 1/86
OH:COLUMBUS 7/14/86
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL 7/11/86
OH:PAINESVILLE 7/ 1/86
OH:TOLEDO 7/ 2/86
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY 7/ 1/86
OR:PORTLAND 7/ 7/86
PA:COLUMBIA 8/ 7/86
PA:HARRISBURG 7/ 3/86
PA:PITTSBURGH 7/11/86
PC:COROZAL 7/24/86
RI:PROVIDENCE 7/ 1/86
SC:BARNWELL 8/ 4/86
SC:COLUMBIA 7/ 7/86
SC:HARTSVILLE 7/16/86
SC:JENKINSVILLE 8/ 1/86
SC:SENECA 7/28/86
TN:CHATTANOOGA 7/ 3/86
TN:KNOXVILLE 7/ 1/86
TX:AUSTIN 7/28/86
VA:DOSWELL 7/24/86
VA:LYNCHBURG 7/ 1/86
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH 7/ 1/86
VI:ST. THOMAS 7/25/86
WA:RICHLAND 7/11/86
WA:SEATTLE 7/ 3/86
WI:GENOA CITY 7/ 7/86
WI:MADISON 7/ 2/86
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
nCi/1 + 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
27
-------
TABLE 12
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1985
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:DOVER
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA: SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD: BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
TOTAL
SOLIDS
mg/1
168.7
173.3
66.6
110.0
135.6
39.0
43.8
346.0
108.8
880.0
30.8
143.2
288.0
196.7
336.7
75.0
194.3
175.3
97.4
290.5
328.7
339.3
298.5
178.0
98.0
45.0
103.4
192.7
104.6
177.3
114.2
297.3
85.4
GROSS
pCi/1
2.9
3.0
1.6
0.7
2.8
1.9
0.7
6.4
1.8
6.7
0.5
2.8
4.1
1.5
4.8
2.7
1.2
3.3
0.8
4.4
17.2
14.9
7.5
3.7
2.1
0.7
2.0
1.9
1.9
2.5
2.8
6.0
3.0
BETA
+ 2s
1.4
1.4
0.8
0.4
1.0
0.6
0.4
2.6
0.8
3.8
0.4
1.5
2.1
1.1
3.2
0.9
1.0
1.5
0.7
1.9
3.4
3.2
2.5
1.6
0.9
0.6
1.0
1.1
0.6
1.4
1.0
2.3
1.0
ANNUAL ANALYSES
GROSS ALPHA
226,
pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s
1.4
0.7
0.4
3.0
0.6
0.1
1.9
4.6
1.1
21.4
0.0
0.8
1.4
1.4
0.9
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.6
3.7
11.3
10.9
0.9
0.9
0.4
0.6
0.2
1.6
3.4
0.2
0.9
5.7
0.2
1.0
0.8
0.4
0.9
0.6
0.2
0.6
2.2
0.6
7.1
0.0
0.7
1.4
1.1
1.7
0.5
0.9
0.9
0.4
1.7
3.0
2.8
1.5
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.6
2.0
0.4
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
NA
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.1
-0.2
-0.5
0.2
-0.1
0.7
0.6
-0.1
-0.2
0.5
1 1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
NA
NA
NA
0.1
NA
NA
NA
0.1
NA
0.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0
6.0
4.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.1
NA
NA
2.3
NA
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
28
-------
TABLE 12 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NVrLAS VEGAS
NYrALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC: HARTS VILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1985
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL
SOLIDS
mg/1
303.2
185.2
48.6
100.8
319.5
406.7
63.0
107.6
60.4
155.8
575.0
99.8
57.8
140.8
132.0
250.0
252.7
216.3
203.3
109.0
77.2
23.4
184.0
33.0
183.8
71.2
59.6
25.8
77.0
52.0
170.0
30.2
107.6
GROSS
pCi/1
7.0
3.0
1.9
2.2
2.7
11.7
0.2
1.3
1.5
1.9
6.6
1.3
1.0
2.5
1.9
3.1
18.2
3.1
4.1
2.1
2.7
0.9
2.9
1.2
3.4
0.1
1.5
1.5
2.0
1.2
5.6
-1.2
2.5
BETA
+ 2s
2.1
1.8
0.9
0.9
2.2
3.7
0.3
0.8
0.8
0.8
3.9
0.8
0.7
1.1
1.1
1.8
10.6
1.4
1.6
0.9
0.9
0.7
1.7
0.4
1.2
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.8
90r
226T
GROSS ALPHA
"'Sr ""Ra
pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s
1.5 1.4
0.1
-0.1
0.4
0.1
0.7
1.4
0.0
0.8
4.2
3.8
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.6
-0.9
1.3
0.6
1.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.1
1.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
1.6
18.6
4.2
2.6
0.7
0.3
0.5
2.1
1.6
0.5
0.4
0.5
1.2
4.5
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.6
1.0
2.2
1.1
1.0
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.1
18.0
6.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.7
2.3
0.7
0.8
-0.2
-0.2
-0.5
0.0
-0.1
0.6
0.0
0.4
0
NA
0.4
0.9
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.1
.2
.5
0.0
0.3
0.0
1 1.0
0.1 1.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.5
0.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
29
-------
TABLE 12 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1985
LOCATION
TN:KNOXVILLE
TXrAUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA gQ
SOLIDS Sr
mg/1 pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s
226T
155.0
257.6
159.0
58.0
138.0
19.2
84.0
33.8
198.3
212.4
2.7
3.2
6.1
0.6
3.2
0.7
1.3
0.8
1.7
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.3
0.7
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.3
1.6
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.7
2.9
1.0
1.8
0.7
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.6
1.0
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.4
-0.1
0.4
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0
NA
NA
0.1
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND = NO ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
NA = NO ANALYSIS
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
30
-------
LOCATION
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CArLOS ANGELES
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
MI:DETROIT
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
WA:SEATTLE
TABLE 13
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM ANALYSES
OF
SELECTED DRINKING WATER COMPOSITE SAMPLES
238
pCi/1
0.042
0.100
0.013
0.738
0.840
0.415
0.016
0.003
0.078
0.006
0.008
0.036
0.007
0.005
0.019
-.001
0.017
0.002
0.015
0.014
Pu
+ 2s
0.024
0.087
0.026
0.169
0.216
0.093
0.013
0.016
0.040
0.013
0.017
0.019
0.008
0.013
0.026
0.030
0.030
0.015
0.011
0.012
239
pCi/1
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
-0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
.004
.008
.005
.081
.073
.026
.005
.000
.042
.006
.002
.006
.001
.002
.003
.003
.004
.000
.002
.002
1985
Pu
+ 2s
0.010
0.034
0.008
0.052
0.060
0.022
0.007
0.011
0.029
0.013
0.004
0.007
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.031
0.007
0.006
0.003
0.005
234
pCi/1
0.138
0.444
1.858
6.401
0.446
0.214
0.857
0.459
1.292
0.054
0.296
0.310
2.378
2.225
0.018
0.024
15.540
0.039
0.033
0.019
U
+ 2s
0.039
0.113
0.219
0.622
0.197
0.087
0.109
0.083
0.184
0.020
0.043
0.059
0.209
0.210
0.017
0.026
1.294
0.016
0.014
0.012
235U
pCi/1 +
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
-0
0
0
.005
.026
.036
.119
.047
.018
.025
.010
.031
.000
.000
.009
.032
.058
.004
.002
.096
.002
.012
.001
2s
0.011
0.026
0.021
0.042
0.061
0.023
0.016
0.018
0.023
0.000
0.001
0.011
0.014
0.019
0.008
0.009
0.035
0.003
0.008
0.002
238U
pCi/1 +
0.049
0.206
1.605
4.881
0.169
0.333
0.475
0.037
0.186
0.057
0.040
0.158
1.623
1.391
0.029
0.034
3.563
0.027
0.031
0.016
2s
0.022
0.077
0.196
0.491
0.139
0.104
0.074
0.021
0.059
0.022
0.013
0.040
0.151
0.142
0.016
0.022
0.348
0.013
0.013
0.009
THE MINIMUM DETECTABLE LEVEL IS .015 pCi/SAMPLE, FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL ISOTOPE.
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
31
-------
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
The external gamma monitoring program, which began in October
1978, provides a continuous measurement of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United States. Data from this program are used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions and to provide a means of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels. The program consists of
approximately 22 sites representing a wide geographic coverage
throughout the country.* Although exposure measurements at these few
sites are not totally representative of nationwide exposures, they
will be indicative of national trends.
The monitoring program utilizes CaF_:Mn the rmolumine scent
dosimeters(TLD's). These dosimeters are commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields. A group
of three TLD's is located at each station or site. Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in the field.
The dosimeters are returned to EERF for readout approximately every
three months. Several dosimeters are annealed by the station
operator as controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.
Results from the period July - September 1986 are shown in Table
14.
* Some of these sites may not return dosimeters each period and
consequently the number of sites listed may vary slightly.
32
-------
TABLE 14
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
OH:COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI :PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
DATE RANGE
7/03/86-
7/03/86-
7/02/86-
6/30/86-
7/07/86-
7/09/86-
7/16/86-
7/03/86-
7/14/86-
7/01/86-
8/01/86-
7/09/86-
7/08/86-
7/02/86-
7/07/86-
7/03/86-
7/01/86-
7/10/86-
7/07/86-
7/08/86-
6/30/86-
7/10/86-
10/03/86
10/01/86
10/01/86
10/01/86
10/21/86
10/07/86
9/30/86
10/03/86
10/06/86
10/02/86
10/17/86
10/02/86
10/07/86
10/02/86
10/01/86
10/02/86
10/01/86
10/30/86
10/03/86
10/07/86
10/03/86
10/17/86
INTEGRATED
EXPOSURE
MR
21.7
14.8
34.3
15.5
34.1
21.0
20.3
30.4
31.1
16.9
18.2
9.4
1
.1
19
18
15.9
26.4
29.8
25.1
24.6
24.9
20.1
43.3
EXPOSURE
RATE
MICRO R/HR + 2 s
9.
6.
15.
7.
13.
9.
11.
13.
15.
7.
9.
4.
8.
8.
7.
12.
13.
9.
11.
11.
8.
18.
8
8
7
0
4
7
1
8
4
6
9
6
8
5
7
1
5
3
6
4
8
2
6
10
4
5
3
2
11
4
5
7
7
8
3
6
4
7
3
5
6
3
2
5
.2
.5
.9
.2
.9
.9
.8
.2
.5
.4
.5
.8
.1
.2
.0
.4
.0
.0
.1
.1
.9
.4
S = SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
33
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
This is a cooperative program with the Dairy and Lipid Products
Branch, Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug Administration. Milk
is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of
radionuclides since it is consumed fresh by a large segment of the
population and can contain several of the biologically important
radionuclides which would result from environmental releases from
nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain
reliable monitoring data relative to current radionuclide
concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with one or
more located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal Zone.
The samples are composited, according to production, from the major
milk suppliers representing more than 80 percent of the milk consumed
in a given population center.
The samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137,
and potassium. All 65 samples are analyzed annually in July for
strontium-89, and strontium-90. Also, for the first month of the
three quarters beginning January, April and October, 10 regional
composite samples of milk made up from the states within each of
EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for strontium-89 and strontium-90.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are determined
by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate which has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.
The values for the pasteurized milk samples for July - September
1986 are shown in Tablas 15 - 17.
Strontium values for these locations are shown in Table 18.
34
-------
TABLE 15
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JULY 1986
LOCATION
AK:ANCHORAGE
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA: SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS .'WICHITA
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MA: BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NH:MANCHESTER
DATE
COLLECTED
7/ 2/86
7/10/86
7/14/86
7/10/86
7/15/86
7/ 1/86
7/29/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/11/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/29/86
7/ 3/86
7/10/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 9/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 3/86
7/15/86
7/25/86
7/11/86
7/31/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.50
.41
.56
.40
.80
.63
.61
.47
.49
.58
.46
.59
.49
.52
.54
.44
.56
.57
.53
.76
.67
.58
.59
.55
.52
.60
.59
.57
.44
.63
.79
.57
.59
.41
.53
.51
.85
.55
.48
.60
.53
.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.13
.12
.13
.12
.09
.12
.12
.13
.13
.13
.09
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.13
.25
.13
.12
.08
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.18
.12
.13
.12'
.13
.13
.25
.12
.12
.13
.13
.13
j. j /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
7
4
10
0
6
3
-1
12
18
13
11
8
2
6
11
6
4
2
22
4
11
4
2
7
11
9
4
7
11
6
22
5
14
7
8
13
13
1
8
9
14
13
7
9
7
7
6
7
7
9
9
9
6
7
7
7
5
9
7
5
10
18
9
7
5
7
9
7
7
7
7
7
13
7
9
9
9
9
18
7
7
7
7
7
J.1U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
3
7
7
-2
5
-1
4
1
11
16
2
2
6
4
5
4
1
0
6
5
5
0
2
-1
-1
1
3
-1
2
-2
13
5
4
0
5
5
-1
2
2
1
-2
0
9
9
9
9
6
8
8
9
10
10
6
8
9
8
6
9
8
6
10
19
9
8
6
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
13
8
9
9
9
9
19
8
9
9
9
9
j. jj.
I
pCi/l+2s
11
-2
5
-2
15
3
3
-3
-4
_2
0
1
1
1
-1
0
-3
3
2
1
3
2
4
4
1
-2
5
4
7
2
10
5
7
1
0
0
11
-6
2
3
7
4
7
7
7
7
10
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
7
14
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
7
8
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
3S
-------
TABLE 15 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JULY 1986
131,
LOCATION
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NVrLAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PAPITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
PR:SAN JUAN
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
TX:FT. WORTH
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
VT:BURLINGTON
WV:CHARLESTON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/15/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 9/86
7/14/86
7/20/86
7/14/86
7/ 7/86
7/11/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/10/86
7/16/86
7/ 9/86
7/16/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/29/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 2/86
7/10/86
7/30/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 7/86
7/28/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 1/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.65
.51
.67
.61
.45
.49
.63
.54
.51
.68
.61
.54
.55
.66
.59
.50
.53
.54
.62
.89
.56
.62
.59
.50
.66
.69
.43
.45
.61
.69
.75
.74
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.13
.13
.13
.08
.13
.13
.16
.12
.13
.14
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.12
.09
.12
.25
.13
.12
.08
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.17
.24
.24
X -J /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
6
9
4
6
8
13
4
2
-1
18
6
9
16
7
6
6
5
6
4
39
-1
11
5
22
19
16
7
14
7
12
3
12
7
7
7
5
9
9
9
7
7
10
7
7
9
7
7
9
7
5
7
19
7
7
5
10
7
7
9
7
7
13
18
18
-L ** V
Ba
pCi/l+2s
3
0
1
3
18
3
2
2
1
7
1
6
3
-2
3
4
2
-4
-2
11
3
-1
-2
4
-4
7
8
1
-6
3
4
10
9
9
9
6
11
9
11
8
9
10
8
9
9
8
9
9
8
6
8
19
9
8
6
9
8
8
9
9
8
13
19
19
j — ' j.
I
pCi/l+2s
5
5
6
_2
-3
-2
2
2
7
5
0
5
-1
-4
8
0
0
5
0
18
6
7
5
0
-2
-1
6
5
4
4
8
1
7
7
7
5
7
7
9
7
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
15
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
14
14
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
36
-------
TABLE 16
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
AUGUST 1986
LOCATION
AK:ANCHORAGE
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DC:WASHINGTON
DCWASHINGTON
DErWILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
8/15/86
8/ 8/86
8/ 5/86
8/ 7/86
8/11/86
8/21/86
8/ 8/86
8/29/86
8/ 5/86
8/ 8/86
8/15/86
8/22/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 5/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/12/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 6/86
8/ 5/86
8/14/86
8/ 8/86
8/ 4/86
8/11/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 8/86
8/ 6/86
8/ 6/86
8/12/86
8/ 6/86
8/ 4/86
8/22/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 6/86
8/ 4/86
8/11/86
8/ 5/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.67
.44
.57
.61
.51
.52
.63
.47
.51
.64
.58
.62
.69
.43
.52
.70
.66
.47
.60
.58
.57
.53
.50
.62
.92
.49
.62
.52
.51
.61
.62
.52
.66
.50
.59
.60
.58
.49
.60
.47
.60
.65
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
.13
.13
.13
.18
.12
.12
.12
.12
.09
.12
.13
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.09
.12
.12
.08
-L J 1
Cs
pCi/l+2s
9
4
7
4
1
0
8
9
3
11
11
12
2
5
7
0
10
7
1
9
5
8
3
6
20
6
11
7
7
8
8
12
4
4
8
7
7
5
-2
11
5
3
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
13
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
J.1U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
4
4
2
12
-4
-5
9
-1
-3
1
-2
4
2
4
1
-7
9
2
-1
-5
0
9
6
-2
6
3
-2
-3
1
-2
-2
2
2
8
3
3
6
4
-1
-3
3
1
8
9
9
9
9
9
8
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
9
9
13
9
8
8
8
6
8
9
8
8
8
8
8
9
6
9
8
6
J.OJ
LI
pCi/l+2s
1
5
5
8
2
6
9
5
-3
6
9
8
1
—4
4
7
6
2
-3
4
-1
4
6
2
15
0
-3
5
0
3
-3
8
-3
-3
3
3
0
10
2
6
-3
-3
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
37
-------
TABLE 16 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
AUGUST 1986
LOCATION
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
OR-.PORTLAND
PA:PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
131,
DATE
COLLECTED
8/22/86
8/12/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 6/86
8/25/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/28/86
8/14/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 1/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 2/86
8/ 1/86
8/22/86
8/ 7/86
8/22/86
8/29/86
8/ 4/86
8/ 6/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.56
.60
.52
.68
.43
.62
.56
.49
.59
.62
.72
.62
.61
.49
.56
.72
.64
.56
.64
.89
.52
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.08
.13
.08
.12
.08
.13
.12
.12
.12
.13
.24
.09
.13
.12
.25
.13
.13
.13
.25
.09
J- J /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
6
5
-2
14
23
3
3
13
7
8
7
21
7
32
0
34
10
8
5
-6
3
7
5
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
18
5
7
7
19
7
7
7
18
5
J.1U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
1
-2
-6
4
4
4
-6
-1
0
2
8
3
-4
6
9
10
4
-2
-6
-4
-1
8
6
9
6
8
6
9
9
8
8
8
19
6
9
8
19
9
9
9
19
6
j — > -
I
pCi/l+2s
1
-1
3
-1
0
-2
4
9
-2
5
0
5
3
6
-3
12
-2
1
0
5
4
7
5
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
14
5
7
7
14
7
7
7
14
5
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
38
-------
TABLE 17
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
AK: ANCHORAGE
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL: TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA: BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MM:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
DATE
COLLECTED
9/12/86
9/ 5/86
9/ 9/86
9/11/86
9/12/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 5/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 5/86
9/19/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 5/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 3/86
9/16/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 4/86
9/ 2/86
9/11/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 2/86
9/12/86
9/ 3/86
9/ 8/86
9/12/86
9/ 5/86
9/ 5/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 3/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 9/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 8/86
9/ 2/86
9/ 5/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.69
.58
.68
.53
.69
.58
.62
.60
.52
.53
.52
.47
.53
.61
.55
.54
.49
.66
.58
.63
.56
.50
.69
.60
.53
.75
.60
.51
.57
.55
.49
.65
.55
.47
.64
.57
.49
.67
.60
.63
.57
.57
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.09
.13
.12
.12
.13
.12
.08
.13
.13
.13
.12
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.13
.12
.12
.09
.25
.13
.12
.13
.12
.12
.12
.13
.09
.09
.13
.12
.12
.13
.08
.12
.12
A J /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
4
2
4
-2
2
2
5
7
7
7
4
4
3
3
4
9
11
7
1
7
7
11
3
16
10
13
6
10
8
4
4
5
6
9
7
3
5
12
2
4
1
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
18
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-1
8
0
-4
1
3
4
-5
-3
7
0
-2
4
-1
-4
-2
-2
-4
3
4
3
-1
0
-1
-2
11
3
2
-4
2
3
-2
1
-3
2
4
0
0
2
2
-2
0
6
9
8
8
9
8
6
9
9
9
8
8
9
9
8
9
8
8
8
6
8
9
8
8
6
9
9
8
9
8
8
8
9
6
6
9
9
8
9
6
8
8
pCi/l+2s
4
8
0
-1
9
1
-2
1
5
4
4
0
1
0
*~&
6
-3
2
2
-6
0
10
-1
9
-1
10 1
9
-4
1
3
3
1
8
-1
1
1
3
7
2
2
2
1
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
39
-------
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
SEPTEMBER 1986
LOCATION
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA: PHILADELPHIA
PA: PITTSBURGH
PR:SAN JUAN
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
TX:FT. WORTH
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
9/22/86
9/
9/
9/
9/
3/86
5/86
8/86
8/86
9/10/86
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
9/
1/86
8/86
8/86
2/86
2/86
8/86
8/86
4/86
2/86
2/86
8/86
3/86
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K
g/l+2s
.64
.65
.61
.51
.54
.64
.52
.50
.71
.64
.57
.55
.60
.65
.50
.47
.65
.63
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.13
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.12
.24
.09
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.12
.24
.13
Cs
pCi/l+2s
6
2
15
7
10
-1
0
3
16
5
4
10
10
6
6
19
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-2
-7
0
7
6
6
6
-3
7
5
0
-1
4
7
2
5
12
3
8
9
8
9
9
8
9
8
9
6
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
131Z
pCi/l+2s
8
7
4
5
10
-3
2
-1
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
417
4 7
2
5
2
8
-1
8
217
7 7
7
7
7
7
7
7
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
40
-------
TABLE 18
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
ANNUAL REPORT
EPA
LOCATION
AK:ANCHORAGE
AL:MONTGOMERY
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
MI :DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY .-BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
90
Sr
pCi/1 + 2s
89Sr
pCi/1 + 2s*
7/ 2/86
7/10/86
7/10/86
7/15/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/ 3/86
7/10/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 9/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 3/86
7/15/86
7/25/86
7/11/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 8/86
7/15/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
1.3
2.7
-0.1
0.5
0.7
0.5
1.7
1.9
2.2
2.0
1.2
1.0
0.9
2.0
1.5
2.2
2.9
2.9
3.0
2.3
2.8
3.1
5.1
3.3
2.5
2.6
3.2
1.6
2.0
0.4
2.2
2.9
-0.2
1.2
-0.1
3.1
4.3
0.7
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.1
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.9
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.7
0.4
0.8
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.5
1.6
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.9
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
-2
0
0
-1
-1
0
0
4
0
0
2
0
1
-1
-1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
41
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TABLE 18 (CONTINUED)
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
ANNUAL REPORT
EPA
LOCATION
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
TX:FT. WORTH
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1986
90
Sr
pCi/1 + 2s
7/ 9/86
7/20/86
7/14/86
7/ 7/86
7/11/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 9/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 7/86
7/29/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 2/86
7/ 3/86
7/ 7/86
7/ 1/86
7/ 1/86
2.1
0.3
1.7
1.5
3.8
0.2
1.0
2.0
2.0
2.6
2.8
1.1
0.6
1.8
2.0
1.2
2.2
2.8
1.1
0.5
0.5
1.2
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.3
1.0
1.1
0.4
1.0
1.8
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.5
89Sr
pCi/1 + 2s*
1
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-1
3
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
s = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
s*= ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
42
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Carbon-14 in Milk
Nine stations, chosen for wide geographical distribution,
contribute milk samples for annual analysis for carbon-14. These
samples have monitored the carbon-14 levels in the food chain
resulting from nuclear testing.
Analysis consists of combusting the samples and measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.
The last carbon-14 results were for samples collected during May
1975 and May 1979. They were published in Environmental Radiation
Data; Report 29.
43
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ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DATA (ERD) is published quarterly
(January,April, July,October) by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs.
Requests for information concerning publication and distribution
of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Technical Support Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
1890 Federal Drive
Montgomery, Alabama 36109
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS
should be directed to:
Charles R. Phillips, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
1890 Federal Drive
Montgomery, Alabama 36109
or to:
James W. Gunter, Chief
Environmental Studies and Statistics
Analysis and Support Division (ANR-461)
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Waterside Mall East
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
***
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