United States          Eastern Environmental           EPA520/5-87-018
        Environmental Protection     Radiation Facility             August 1987
        Agency            1890 Federal Drive
                       Montgomery, AL 36109


        Radiation
xvEPA
        Environmental Radiation
        Data
                         •
        Report  49

        January 1987 - March 1987

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ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
                              REPORT 49






                        January - March 1987
            UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                    Office of Radiation Programs

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                               Preface
     Enyironmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled  and  distributed
quarterly  by the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF), Montgomery,  Alabama,  and  contains  data
from  the  Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS).
Data from similar networks operated by contributing  States,  Canada,
Mexico,  and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the
ERD when available.

     ERAMS was established in  1973  by  the  U.   S.   Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP).  The ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide  air,  surface
and  drinking  water,  and  milk  samples  from  which  environmental
radiation levels are derived.  The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in
the environment.

     Sampling locations are selected to  provide  optimal  population
coverage  while  functioning  to monitor fallout from nuclear devices
and other forms of radioactive contamination of the environment.  The
radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross alpha and
gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission products, and  specific
analyses  for uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, krypton,
and  tritium.   This  monitoring  effort  also   provides   ancillary
information  on  natural  background  levels and on releases into the
environment from stationary sources such as nuclear  power  reactors,
fuel fabrication facilities, and reprocessing plants.

     The radiochemical procedures used by the EERF in processing  the
ERAMS  samples  are  contained  in  Eastern  Enyi ronmental  Radiation
Facility Radiochemistry Procedures Manual (EPA 520/5-84-006).
                               111

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           ENVIRONMENTAL   RADIATION

                              DATA





                             CONTENTS
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures

     - Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum
       Detectable Levels
Page


vii

ix
DATA - ERAMS
     SECTION I.  Air Program

                  1.  Airborne Particulates
                      and Precipitation

                  2.  Plutonium and Uranium in
                      Airborne Particulates

                  3.  Krypton-85
     SECTION II. Water Program

                  1.  Surface Water

                  2.  Drinking Water


     SECTION III.    External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
  1

  1


  14


  15


  16

  16

  19


  22

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SECTION IV.   Milk Program                                    24



             1.  Pasteurized Milk                             24



             2.  Strontium-89 and -90 in Milk                 24



             3.  Carbon-14 in Milk                            32
                        VI

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              DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
     In 1973, the U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency's  Office  of
Radiation  Programs  established  the Environmental Radiation Ambient
Monitoring System(ERAMS) to provide continuous, accurate, and  usable
environmental  radiation data to the public.  For completeness, ERAMS
data for all specific  radionuclide  analyses  are  reported  as  the
calculated  results indicate, whether the numbers are negative, zero,
or positive.

Reporting Rationale

     Frequently, concentrations  of  radionuclides  in  environmental
media  are close to zero.  When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero,  the  net  counting  results  should  statistically  show  a
distribution  of  negative  and  positive  numbers  about zero.  This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from  a  sample  which
has  only  background  activity.  Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a  specified
reporting  level  or minimum detectable level.  The present reporting
procedure  allows  all  the  data  to  be  reported   and   evaluated
statistically  without  an  arbitrary  cutoff  of  small  or negative
numbers.  This approach will facilitate  estimates  of  bias  in  the
nuclide  analyses  and  will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.

     When reviewing the  data  in  this  report,  caution  should  be
exercised  in  the  interpretation  of  individual  negative  values.
Obviously, a negative activity value has  no  physical  significance.
Such numbers, however, are significant when taken together with other
observations which indicate that the true value of a distribution  is
near  zero.   When  an average of many measurements produces a result
less than zero, this indicates a negative  bias  in  the  measurement
procedure.

          (1) Reported Values

          Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
     be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
     is  negative,  zero,  or  positive.   All  reported  values  are
     corrected for decay to the collection date of the sample.

          Potassium  concentrations  are   determined   by   specific
     activity analyses.

          Gross Analyses - The actual value  of  gross  radioactivity
     measurementswill  be  reported,  unless the value is below the
                               VII

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minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence  level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.

     MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the  background.   A
tabulation of typical MDL/s is given in the following table.

     (2) Reported Error Terms

     Each  reported  value  for  specific   analyses   will   be
accompanied  by  a  counting  error  term  at  the 2 sigma  (95%)
confidence interval.  Error  terms  are  therefore  reported  as
counting  errors.  At the very low levels characteristic of most
ERAMS measurements, counting error is the  greatest  contributor
to overall error.

     (3) Significant Figures

     No more than three significant figures  will  be  reported.
If  a datum contains more than three figures, it will be rounded
off to three figures.

     (4) Reporting Levels

     The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in Table 1.
Smallest increments  are  sometimes  considerably  smaller  than
minimum   detectable  amounts  to  avoid  truncation  errors  in
averaging.

     (5) Averages

     Averages will be calculated along  with  appropriate  error
terms  in  an  annual  summary  and  analysis of ERAMS data.  In
calculating  these  averages,  all  values  of  individual  data
including  negative numbers will be utilized.  Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
                          Vlll

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                         TABLE 1




ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels



                for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta


Tritium

Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium-238 ,
239,
240


Uranium-234,
235,238


Radium-226
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/m
aCi/m
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
2
.01 nCi/m
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m
.1 aCi/m
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a)
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
(c)
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 PCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
                         IX

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Radionuclide
Strontium-90

Strontium-89
Iodine-131



Iodine-129
Cesium-137

Barium-140

Potassium

Potassium-40


Media
Milk
Water
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water

Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
r adi ochemi cal
fCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
9/1
9/1
pCi/1

Reporting
Increments
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 g/i
.1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
5 PCi/l
10 PCi/l(d)
10 pCi/l(d)
.4 PCi/l(d)

.4 fCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 PCi/l(d)
10 pCi/l(d)
.12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a)   The value in terms of nCi/m -.  would  be dependent  on precipitation (mm)
(b)   This value in terms of pCi/m  would  be dependent  on the  air volume.
(c)   Measurement by alpha spectroscopy which  includes  contributions
     of plutonium-239 and plutonium-240.
(d)   Activity as of the day of counting.

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                                                           DATA - EPA
                       ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
                  AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I.  Air Program

               Airborne Particulates and Precipitation

     Gross  beta  radioactivity  measurements  and  certain  specific
analyses  are performed on air participates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national)  impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.

     Airborne  particulates  are  collected  continuously  at   field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity.  Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States.

     Filters ( 10-cm diameter synthetic fiber  ) from air samplers are
changed  twice  weekly  and  field  measurements  are made with a G-M
survey meter * at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow  for
radon  and  thoron  daughter  product  decay.   Field  estimates  are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail  depending
on the activity levels found.

     The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive  analyses  in  a
low  background  beta  counter.   Gamma  scans  are  performed on all
filters showing gross beta  counts  greater  than  1  pCi/m3.   The
laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates
due to the decay of naturally  occurring  radionuclides  between  the
times of the two measurements.

     Precipitation  samples  are  collected  at  the  field  stations
collecting  air  filters.   These samples are also sent to EERF where
they are composited monthly for gamma scans, tritium, and gross  beta
activity  measurements.   Plutonium-238, -239, -240, and uranium-234,
-235, and -238 analyses are  performed  on  samples  which  exceed  2
pCi/liter gross alpha.
*  The counts at five hours for the Montgomery, Alabama  station  are
performed on a low background beta counter.

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     Tables 2-4 contain the data in  airborne  participate  samples
for January - March 1987.

     Tables 5-7 contain  the  data  in  precipitation  samples  for
January - March 1987.

     Data for the tritium in  precipitation  samples  for  January  -
March 1987 at the selected stations are shown in Table 8.

     A compilation of individual measurements is available  from  the
EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL  36109.

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                             TABLE 2
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          JANUARY 1987
LOCATION
 AL:ASHFORD
 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CArLOS ANGELES
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DErWILMINGTON
 FL:JACKSONVILLE
 FLtMIAMI
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:IOWA CITY
 ID:BOISE
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN:INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:TOPEKA
 KY:FRANKFORT
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA:LAWRENCE
 ME:AUGUSTA
 MI:LANSING
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MO:JEFFERSON CITY
 MS:JACKSON
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 NC:WILMINGTON
 ND:BISMARCK
 NE:LINCOLN
 NH:CONCORD
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM:SANTA FE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:ALBANY
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS
                         5-HR FIELD
                          ESTIMATE
                           EERF LAB
                          MEASUREMENT
# SAM   MAX  MIN  AVG   MAX   MIN
AVG
(pCi/m
5
8
9
9
7
8
9
9
9
9
4
9
9
8
8
9
7
7
7
3
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
7
9
5
9
9
8
8
4
9
9
0.0
1.0
0.2
3.1
0.7
0.6
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.5
1.6
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.8
1.0
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.6
1.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3)
0.0
0.3
0.2
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1

0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
(pCi/m
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
3)
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01

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                       TABLE  2  (CONTINUED;
                      AIRBORNE  PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA  CONCENTRATION
                          JANUARY  1987
                          5-HR  FIELD
                          ESTIMATE
LOCATION
# SAM
                             (pCi/nT)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
.1
.1
.2
.2
.3
.5
.0
.1
.2
.2
.1
.1
.2
.0
.6
.6
.3
.5
.3
.2
.3
.1
.2
.2
.2
.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.1
.0
.2
.4
.1
.3
.2
.7
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
                            EERF  LAB
                           MEASUREMENT
MAX  MIN  AVG   MAX    MIN
 NY:SYRACUSE         4
 NYrYAPHANK          8
 OH:COLUMBUS         8
 OH:PAINESVILLE      8
 OH:TOLEDO           9
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY    8
 OR:PORTLAND         9
 PA:GOLDSBORO        7
 PA:HARRISBURG       9
 PA:PHILADELPHIA     9
 PA:PITTSBURGH       9
 PA:THREE MILE ISL   7
 RI:PROVIDENCE       9
 SC:BARNWELL         2
 SC:COLUMBIA         9
 SD:PIERRE           6
 TN:KNOXVILLE        6
 TN:NASHVILLE        7
 TX:AUSTIN           8
 TX:EL PASO          5
 VA:LYNCHBURG        7
 WA:OLYMPIA          9
 WA:SPOKANE          9
 WI:MADISON          8
 WV:CHARLESTON       7
 WY:CHEYENNE         4
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT  FOR  FIELD ESTIMATES
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT  FOR  LAB  MEASUREMENT
AVG
                              (pCi/nT)
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
                               .1   pCi/m-,
                               .01 pCi/m

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                             TABLE 3
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                          FEBRUARY 1987
LOCATION
        5-HR FIELD
         ESTIMATE

# SAM   MAX  MIN  AVG

           (pCi/m3)
 AL:ASHFORD
 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CA:BERKELEY
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL:JACKSONVILLE
 FL:MIAMI
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:IOWA CITY
 ID:BOISE
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN:INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:TOPEKA
 KY:FRANKFORT
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA:LAWRENCE
 ME:AUGUSTA
 MI:LANSING
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MO:JEFFERSON CITY
 MS:JACKSON
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 NC:WILMINGTON
 ND:BISMARCK
 NE:LINCOLN
 NH:CONCORD
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM:SANTA FE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:ALBANY
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

     (pCi/m3)
3
8
8
7
2
6
7
8
8
5
8
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
8
3
8
8
8
8
7
8
7
7
8
8
8
8
7
8
4
8
0.0
0.3
0.7
2.8
0.0
0.4
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.9
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.6
0.9
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
1.5
1.3
0.3
0.4
0.1
0-7
3.6
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
1.3
0.0
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01

-------
                        TABLE  3  (CONTINUED)
                      AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                    GROSS  BETA CONCENTRATION
                           FEBRUARY 1987
LOCATION
        5-HR FIELD
         ESTIMATE

# SAM   MAX  MIN  AVG
                             (pCi/nT )
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

     (pCi/m3)
8
4
6
8
8
8
8
8
7
8
8
8
7
8
2
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
9
8
8
4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS
 NY:SYRACUSE
 NY:YAPHANK
 OH:COLUMBUS
 OH:PAINESVILLE
 OH:TOLEDO
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA:GOLDSBORO
 PA:HARRISBURG
 PA:PHILADELPHIA
 PA PITTSBURGH
 PA:THREE MILE ISL
 RI:PROVIDENCE
 SC:BARNWELL
 SC:COLUMBIA
 SD:PIERRE
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:NASHVILLE
 TX:AUSTIN
 VA:LYNCHBURG
 WA:OLYMPIA
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MADISON
 WV:CHARLESTON
 WY:CHEYENNE
MINIMUM DETECTABLE  LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES -  ..1
MINIMUM DETECTABLE  LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT -  .01 pCi/a"

-------
                              TABLE 4
                       AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                     GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                             MARCH 1987
LOCATION
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
 ESTIMATE

MAX  MIN  AVG
                                             EERF  LAB
                                            MEASUREMENT
                                          MAX
MIN
AVG

AL: ASH FORD
AL : MONTGOMERY
AR: LITTLE ROCK
AZ: PHOENIX
CA: BERKELEY
CA-.LOS ANGELES
CO: DENVER
CT: HART FORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL : JACKSONVI LLE
FL: MIAMI
GA: ATLANTA
HI : HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID. -BOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHICAGO
IN: INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
KY: FRANK FORT
LA: NEW QKLEMJS
MA : LAWREHCE
ME: AUGUSTA
MI: LANS ING
MN: MINNEAPOLIS
MO: JEFFERSON CITY
MS : JACKSON
NC: CHARLOTTE
NC: WILMINGTON
ND: BISMARCK
NE: LINCOLN
NH : CONCORD
N J : TRENTON
NM: SANTA FE
NV.:LAS VEGAS
NY: ALBANY
NY: NEW YORK CITY

5
10
9
9
9
9
6
9
8
8
9
5
8
9
9
9
8
8
9
9
3
9
7
9
9
7
9
8
7
9
9
9
9
7
9
5
9

0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
(
.0
.6
.7
.0
.0
.4
.7
.1
.3
.1
.1
.0
.3
.0
.2
.0
.5
.5
.6
.0
.1
.3
.1
.2
.6
.3
.3
.2
.0
.6
.6
.2
.3
.5
.5
.0
.3
pCi/m
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
3)
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
(pCi/m3)
.0
.3
.3
.5
.0
.2
.4
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
.2
.5
.1
.0
.2
.3
.7
.5
.0
.1
.0
.1
.2
.5
.1
.1
.0
.3
.1
.0
.2
.3
.2
.0
.1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0,.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
01
02
03
03
01
02
01
02
01
01
02
01
01
02
01
02
02
02
03
03
02
02
02
02
02
03
03
02
01
02
03
01
01
01
02
02
02
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
00
01
01
01
00
00
01
00
00
00
01
01
00
01
00
00
01
01
01
01
01
00
00
01
01
01
01
01
00
01
00
00
00
01
01
01
01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0,01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

-------
                        TABLE 4 (CONTINUED)
                       AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
                     GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
                            MARCH 1987
LOCATION
        5-HR FIELD
         ESTIMATE

# SAM   MAX  MIN  AVG
                              pCi/m )
   EERF LAB
  MEASUREMENT

MAX   MIN   AVG

     (pCi/m3)
 NY:NIAGARA FALLS     9
 NY:SYRACUSE          3
 NY:YAPHANK           9
 OH:COLUMBUS          8
 OH:PAINESVILLE       9
 OH:TOLEDO            9
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY     7
 OR:PORTLAND          9
 PA:GOLDSBORO         9
 PA-.HARRIS BURG        9
 PA:PHILADELPHIA      9
 PA:PITTSBURGH        9
 PA:THREE MILE ISL    9
 RI:PROVIDENCE        9
 SC:BARNWELL          2
 SC:COLUMBIA          9
 SD-.PIERRE            7
 TN:KNOXVILLE         8
 TN:NASHVILLE         9
 TX:AUSTIN            9
 VA:LYNCHBURG         9
 WA:OLYMPIA           9
 WA:SPOKANE           9
 WI:MADISON           9
 WV:CHARLESTON        9
 WY:CHEYENNE          3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE  LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES
MINIMUM DETECTABLE  LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.4
.3
.3
.4
.4
.4
.7
.0
.5
.4
.1
.1
.5
.2
.0
.3
.4
.5
.5
.3
.4
.2
.3
.4
.3
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.0
.3
.2
.1
.1
.3
.1
.0
.2
.1
.2
.3
.2
.3
.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.02
.02
.01
.02
.02
.04
.02
.01
.02
.01
.02
.02
.01
.02
.01
.03
.03
,02
.04
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.00
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
00
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
02
02
01
02
01
01
00
01
01
01
01
                               .1  pCi/m-.
                               .01 pCi/m

-------
                 TABLE  5
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION  IN  PRECIPITATION
   LOCATION
JANUARY 1987

       DEPTH
  AL:MONTGOMERY
  AR:LITTLE ROCK
  CO:DENVER
  CT:HARTFORD
  FL:JACKSONVILLE
  FL:MIAMI
  IDtBOISE
  ID:IDAHO FALLS
  IL:CHICAGO
  LA:NEW ORLEANS
  MN:MINNEAPOLIS
  MO:JEFFERSON CITY
  MS:JACKSON
  NC:CHARLOTTE
  NC:WILMINGTON
  NJ:TRENTON
  NV:LAS VEGAS
  NY:ALBANY
  NY:NEW YORK CITY
  NY:NIAGARA FALLS
  NY:YAPHANK
  OH:PAINESVILLE
  OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
  OR:PORTLAND
  PA:HARRISBURG
  PA:MIDDLETOWN
  PA:PHILADELPHIA
  SC:BARNWELL
  SC:COLUMBIA
  TN:KNOXVILLE
  TN:NASHVILLE
  TX:AUSTIN
  VA:LYNCHBURG
  WA:OLYMPIA
  WI:MADISON
  WV:CHARLESTON
ACT.  + 2s
(mm)
138.
54.
2.
105.
143.
48.
23.
3.
23.
97.
5.
8.
102.
119.
7.
64.
31.
47.
39.
48.
112.
32.
54.
102.
91.
66.
52.
189.
243.
79.
14.
8.
82.
158.
13.
38.
(nCi/m2)
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
7
0
8
6
4
3
4
0
0
5
0
4
2
0
5
2
4
0
0
8
4
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.41
.13
.01
.12
.09
.04
.05
.01
.18
.05
.01
.01
.08
.07
.00
.07
.04
.08
.04
.02
.17
.14
.12
.15
.14
.03
.02
.13
.03
.12
.01
.01
.13
.16
.01
.06
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
08
03
01
05
06
02
01
01
02
04
01
01
05
05
01
03
02
03
02
02
06
02
03
05
04
03
02
08
10
04
01
01
05
08
01
02
 S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR

-------
                 TABLE  6
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION  IN PRECIPITATION
   LOCATION
              FEBRUARY  1987
DEPTH
                       (mm)
  AL:MONTGOMERY
  AR:LITTLE ROCK
  AZ:PHOENIX
  CA:BERKELEY
  CT:HARTFORD
  FL:JACKSONVILLE
  FLiMIAMI
  IDiBOISE
  ID-.IDAHO FALLS
  IL:CHICAGO
  LA:NEW ORLEANS
  MOtJEFFERSON CITY
  MS:JACKSON
  NC:CHARLOTTE
  NC:WILMINGTON
  ND:BISMARCK
  NJ:TRENTON
  NV:LAS VEGAS
  NYtALBANY
  NY:NEW YORK CITY
  NY:NIAGARA FALLS
  OH:PAINESVILLE
  OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
  OR:PORTLAND
  PA:HARRISBURG
  PA:MIDDLETOWN
  ?A:PHILADELPHIA
  SC:BARNWELL
  SC:COLUMBIA
  SD:PIERRE
  TN:KNOXVILLE
  TN:NASHVILLE
  TX:AUSTIN
  VA:LYNCHBURG
  WA:OLYMPIA
  WI:MADISON
  WV:CHARLESTON
 s = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
ACT.  + 2s
        (nCi/m  )
1











2










1










1


9
9
5
1
1
6
4
3
4
1
3
1
5
1
4
2
8

1
2
1

3
5
5
3
2
4
7

7
7
3
3
1
2
1
5.
7.
1.
2.
0.
9.
2.
5.
0.
0.
9.
3.
4.
1.
1.
3.
3 .
1.
2.
1.
7.
4.
9.
6.
3.
0.
8.
8.
1.
8.
4.
3.
0.
6.
0.
3.
4.
3
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
6
6
0
0
0
2
6
0
0
6
6
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.5
.2
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
0
6
4
2
4
3
4
3
5
3
2
6
7
1
4
5
3
1
5
0
1
5
4
8
2
4
9
3
1
2
0
2
2
2
2
9
5
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
6
2
1
1
4
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
2
7
2
1
2
2
4
1
4
4
1
2
5
2
1
                     10

-------
                 TABLE 7

GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION  IN  PRECIPITATION
                MARCH  1987
   LOCATION
  AL:MONTGOMERY
  AR:LITTLE ROCK
  CA:BERKELEY
  CT:HARTFORD
  FL:JACKSONVILLE
  FL:MIAMI
  ID:BOISE
  ID:IDAHO FALLS
  IL:CHICAGO
  LA:NEW ORLEANS
  MA:LAWRENCE
  MI:LANSING
  MN:MINNEAPOLIS
  MO'.JEFFERSON CITY
  MS:JACKSON
  NC:CHARLOTTE
  NC:WILMINGTON
  ND:BISMARCK
  NJ:TRENTON
  NV:LAS VEGAS
  NY:ALBANY
  NY:NEW YORK CITY
  NY:NIAGARA FALLS
  NY:YAPHANK
  OH:COLUMBUS
  OH:PAINESVILLE
  OH:TOLEDO
  OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
  OR:PORTLAND
  PA:HARRISBURG
  PA:MIDDLETOWN
  PAPHILADELPHIA
  SC:COLUMBIA
  SD:PIERRE
  TN:KNOXVILLE
  TN:NASHVILLE
  TX:AUSTIN
  VA:LYNCHBURG
  WA:OLYMPIA
  WI:MADI SON
  WV:CHARLESTON
 S = SIGMA COUNTING  ERROR

                      11
DEPTH
(mm)
98.0
125.0
68.0
144.0
96.7
84.0
49.0
38.6
21.3
74.0
34.0
13.6
6.0
24.0
173.0
153.0
44.0
33.2
12.7
47.7
46.4
24.6
72.0
53.0
21.0
72.0
10.0
75.0
92.0
32.8
28.0
20.0
224.8
1.2
73.0
22.4
36.0
76.0
159.4
19.0
40.0
ACT. +
(nCi/m2
0.16
0.14
0.05
0.24
0.17
0.09
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.17
0.16
0.03
0.14
0.02
0.17
0.05
0.02
0.09
0.07
0.01
0.13
0.02
0.10
0.08
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.29
0.00
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.06
2s
)
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.08
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.11
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.07
0.01
0.02

-------
                          TABLE  8
                       PRECIPITATION
                   TRITIUM  CONCENTRATION
                   JANUARY -  MARCH  1987
LOCATION

AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
IDrBOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA:PHILADELPHIA
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
                        JANUARY
nCi/1 + 2s
               FEBRUARY
nCi/1 + 2s
               MARCH
nCi/1 + 2s
0.
0.
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
NS
0.
1
1


2
2
2
1
3
3
3
1


2
2
1
3
2

2
2
2
4
3
3

2

2
2
3
1
2
4
2

1
0
0


0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0


0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
.2
.2


.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2


.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2

.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
NS
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
NS
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
0
0
.2
.2
0
0
.2
.2
NS
0
.1
0
.2
NS
2
3
1
2
2
1
2



2
1
2
2
2
1
3
2
3
5


2

1
2
1
2
2
5
2
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0



0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0


0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2



.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2


.2

.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.1
.1
.2
.3
.2
.2
.1
.2
.2
.1
.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
.2
.3
.1
.2
.2
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
NS
0
0
0
.2
.1
.1
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
                               12

-------
                     TABLE 8 (CONTINUED)
 LOCATION

 TN:NASHVILLE
 TXrAUSTIN
 VA:LYNCHBURG
 WArOLYMPIA
 WI:MADISON
 WV:CHARLESTON
                        PRECIPITATION
                    TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                    JANUARY - MARCH 1987
 JANUARY

nCi/1 + 2s
 0
 0
    0.2
    0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
              FEBRUARY

             nCi/1 + 2s
0
0
0
0
               0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
 MARCH

nCi/1 + 2s

 0.2 0.2
 0
 0
0.2
0.2
               0.3 0.2
 0.2 0.2
 0.1 0.2
 0.1 0.2
NS = NO SAMPLE
 S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                               13

-------
           Plutonium and Uranium _in Airborne Particulates

     Environmental radiation levels  of  plutonium  and  uranium  are
determined  by  the analysis of semi-annually composited samples (air
filters)  collected  from   the   continuously   operating   airborne
particulate samplers.

     Concentration of the specific isotopes of  plutonium-238,  -239,
-240,  and  uranium-234,  -235,  and  -238  are  determined  by alpha
spectroscopy  following  chemical  separation.   The  volume  of  air
represented by the semi-annual composite ranges from 25,000 to 40,000
cubic meters.

     Most recent results covering the period July  to  December  1986
for plutonium and uranium were published in ERD  48.  Subsequent data
will be published as it becomes available.
                                14

-------
                             Krypton-85

     Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half  life  of  10.8
years.   It  is  released  into  the  atmosphere  by  nuclear reactor
operations,  fuel  reprocessing,  weapons  tests,  and  research  and
defense  related  activities.   Krypton-85  also  occurs naturally in
minor  quantities  primarily  from  the  neutron  capture  of  stable
krypton-84 as well as spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission
of uranium.  Monitoring of krypton-85  in  the  atmosphere  has  been
conducted  to  identify  and  establish baseline levels and long-term
trends.

     Krypton-85  analysis  began  in   January   1973   with   sample
collections  and  analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of  the
United  States  with  considerations  being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing  plants,  nuclear  reactors,  and  wide  geographic
coverage.

     Dry compressed air samples,  collected  at  each  location,  are
purchased  from  commercial air suppliers annually and shipped to the
EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted in a
liquid scintillation system.

     The last Kr-85 results were for 1976, 1977, and 1979.  They were
published in Environmental Radiation Data:  Report 30.
                               15

-------
                                                           DATA - EPA
                                ERAMS
SECTION II.  Water Program

     The ERAMS water  program  provides  data  on  ambient  radiation
levels in the nation's rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.

                            Surface Water

     Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream  from  operating  or
future nuclear facilities at 58 stations.

     Surface water samples are analyzed  for  tritium  quarterly  and
specific  gamma  activity annually.  Tritium is a primary radioactive
pollutant  from  nuclear  power   plants   and   weapons   production
activities.

     Tritium concentrations are determined  by  liquid  scintillation
counting of distilled samples.  Gamma scans are performed annually to
determine levels of gamma emitting radionuclides.

     Tritium concentrations for January - March are shown in Table 9.
                                16

-------
                                 TABLE 9

                              SURFACE WATER
                          TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                          JANUARY - MARCH 1987
LOCATION

ALrDECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CTrEAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
GArBAXLEY
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:MORRIS
IL:ZION
KS:LE ROY
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SO. HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:CHELSEA
NY:OSSINING
  SOURCE

TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHEE R.
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
ALTAMAHA RIVER
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
NEOSHO RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE COD BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC'OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
  DATE
COLLECTED

  I/ 1/87
  I/ 8/87
  I/ 1/87
  I/ 5/87
  1/16/87
  I/ 8/87
  3/20/87
  1/12/87
  3/ 6/87
  3/ 6/87
  I/ 6/87
  I/ 6/87
  I/ 8/87
  I/ 6/87
  1/20/87
  1/16/87
  2/15/87
  3/31/87
  I/ 5/87
  1/15/87
  1/21/87
  1/13/87
  1/13/87
  1/13/87
  1/10/87
  I/ 8/87
  1/11/87
  1/12/87
  I/ 9/87
  I/ 8/87
  I/ 6/87
  I/ 7/87
  1/16/87
  I/ 6/87
  1/13/87
  1/29/87
  3/ 4/87
  I/ 9/87
  3/25/87
nCi/1

  0.6
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0,
  0.2
  0.1
  0.2
  0.2
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.2
  0.2
  0.2
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.
  0.8
  0.2
  0.1
  0.2
  0.2
  0.1
  0.1
  0.2
.3
.3
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.3
.2
.2
,3
.1
.2
.1
         .2
         .2
         .2
+  2s

 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.
 0.
 0.
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.
 0.
 0.
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.
 0.
 0.
 0.
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
                                     17

-------
LOCATION

NY:OSWEGO
OH:TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TN:KINGSTON
TN:OAK RIDGE
TX:EL PASO
TX:MATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
VA:NEWPORT NEWS
WA:NORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV: WHEELING
                           TABLE 9 (CONTINUED)

                              SURFACE WATER
                          TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

                          JANUARY - MARCH 1987
  SOURCE

LAKE ONTARIO
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
JAMES RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
3/27/87
1/13/87
1/12/87
1/14/87
1/29/87
1/27/87
1/26/87
2/24/87
I/ 5/87
2/15/87
2/ 9/87
I/ 7/87
I/ 8/87
1/13/87
1/21/87
1/13/87
1/20/87
1/12/87
1/26/87

nCi/1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.1
0.2
1.6
0.2
2.0
1.0
0.1
0.2
5.8
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2

+ 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                     18

-------
                           Drinking Water

     This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water
at  78  sites.   These  data  serve to assess trends and anomalies in
concentrations, and to compare with standards set forth  in  the  EPA
"National   Interim   Primary   Drinking  Water  Regulations."  These
regulations provide  for  approval  of  supplies  when  the  combined
radium-226  and  radium-228  levels  do  not exceed 5 pCi/1, when the
gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels  do  not  exceed  15
pCi/1,  when  tritium  levels  do  not  exceed 20,000 pCi/1, when the
strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and when  the  gross  beta
levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.

     Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which  are  either  major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.

     The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross
alpha,  gross beta, strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c)
radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/1 and radium-228  if  the
radium-226  falls  between  3 and 5 pCi/1; (d) specific iodine-131 on
one quarterly sample per year for each station;  and  (e)  an  annual
composite for plutonium-238, -239 and -240 and uranium-234, -235, and
-238 for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than  2
pCi/1.

     Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of  the
distilled   samples.    Gross   beta  and  alpha  are  determined  by
evaporating an aliquot on a stainless steel  planchet  for  counting.
Radium-226   is  determined  by  the  standard  emanation  technique.
Strontium-90 is determined by beta  counting  a  strontium  carbonate
precipitate isolated by ion exchange.

     The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for January  -
March are shown in Table 10.
                               19

-------
                      TABLE 10
LOCATION
    DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

JANUARY - MARCH 1987

         DATE
       COLLECTED
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:DOVER
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
         1/16/87
         I/ 8/87
         1/21/87
         I/ 1/87
         I/ 1/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 5/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 6/87
         1/12/87
         I/ 5/87
         1/29/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 6/87
         1/13/87
         2/ 6/87
         I/ 6/87
        12/31/86
         2/ 5/87
         1/15/87
         I/ 5/87
         I/ 5/87
         I/ 7/87
         I/ 8/87
         1/21/87
         2/15/87
         1/13/87
         1/21/87
         I/ 7/87
         I/ 9/87
         1/15/87
         I/ 8/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 5/87
         I/ 7/87
nCi/1  +  2s
 0.2
 0.1
 0.2
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
 0
  3
  2
  1
  1
  2
  1
  4
  1
  2
  1
   3
   1
   1
   1
   2
   2
0.
0.
1.2
0.2
0.2
0
0
0
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0
0
2
2
   1
   2
 0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0
0
0
0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
2
2
            2
            2
            2
            2
                          20

-------
                TABLE 10 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
    DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION

JANUARY - MARCH 1987

         DATE
       COLLECTED
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
         1/16/87
         I/ 5/87
         1/12/87
         I/ 6/87
         1/13/87
         1/29/87
         I/ 8/87
         I/ 7/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 7/87
         I/ 7/87
         1/14/87
         I/ 6/87
         1/13/87
         I/ 7/87
         I/ 9/87
         1/21/87
         1/14/87
         1/14/87
         1/15/87
         I/ 6/87
         I/ 7/87
         1/26/87
         1/28/87
         1/27/87
         I/ 5/87
        12/30/86
         I/ 9/87
         2/ 5/87
         I/ 8/87
         2/ 3/87
         1/15/87
         1/13/87
         1/12/87
         1/12/87
         I/ 9/87
nCi/1  +  2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
    SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                          21

-------
SECTION III.  External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program

     The external gamma monitoring program, which  began  in  October
1978,  provides  a  continuous  measurement of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United   States.   Data  from  this  program  are  used  to  evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions  and  to  provide  a  means  of monitoring any significant
increases  in  ambient  gamma  levels.   The  program   consists   of
approximately   22   sites   representing  wide  geographic  coverage
throughout the country.* Although exposure measurements at these  few
sites are not totally representative of nationwide exposures, they do
indicate national trends.

     The  monitoring  program  utilizes  CaF~,:Mn  thermoluminescent
dosimeters(TLD's).    These  dosimeters  are  commercially  available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields.  A group
of  three  TLD's  is located at each station or site.  Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in  the  field.
The  dosimeters  are returned to EERF for readout approximately every
three  months.   Several  dosimeters  are  annealed  by  the  station
operator  as  controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.

     Results from the period January - March are shown in  Table  11.
Standard  deviations  reported  for each site represents the counting
error associated with digitizing the glow curve produced  in  readout
of the exposed dosimeters.
*  Some of these sites may not  return  dosimeters  each  period  and
consequently the number of sites listed may vary slightly.
                                22

-------
                                  TABLE 11
               ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
     LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA: BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
OH:COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR .'PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
    DATE RANGE
 1/08/87-
12/31/86-
 1/06/87-
 1/02/87-
 1/22/87-
 2/06/87-
 1/02/87-
12/30/86-
 1/02/87-
 1/05/87-
 1/07/87-
 1/08/87-
12/30/86-,
 1/12/87-
 1/14/87-
 1/02/87-
 1/02/87-
 1/07/87-
 1/06/87-
12/31/86-
 1/05/87-
4/02/87
3/30/87
4/01/87
4/01/87
4/16/87
4/02/87
4/01/87
4/02/87
4/03/87
4/01/87
5/22/87
4/20/87
4/03/87
4/20/87
4/03/87
4/03/87
4/02/87
4/27/87
3/31/87
3/30/87
4/08/87
             INTEGRATED
              EXPOSURE

                 MR
     EXPOSURE
     RATE

MICRO R/HR + 2 S
18.3
13.7
31.8
13.8
28.6
13.0
19.4
27.5
34.9
17.6
30.1
21.4
19.8
22.4
13.9
28.4
21.9
22.6
24.9
25.6
19.0
9.1
6.4
15.6
6.5
14.2
9.8
9.1
12.3
16.0
8.5
9.3
8.7
8.8
9.5
7.3
13.0
10.1
8.5
12.4
12.0
8.5
4.1
12.9
9.7
8.8
3.8
7.8
4.3
4.1
6.9
7.3
5.5
7.9
6.9
3.6
6.2
7.1
3.1
8.3
6.5
32.9
5.4
S = SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
                                       23

-------
SECTION IV.  Milk Program

                          Pasteurized Milk

     This is a cooperative program with the Dairy and Lipid  Products
Branch,  Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug Administration.  Milk
is a  reliable  indicator  of  the  general  population's  intake  of
radionuclides  since  it  is consumed fresh by a large segment of the
population and can contain  several  of  the  biologically  important
radionuclides  which  result from environmental releases from nuclear
activities.  A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable
monitoring  data  relative to current radionuclide concentrations and
determine any long-term trends.

     Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with  one  or
more  located  in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal Zone.
The samples are composited, according to production, from  the  major
milk suppliers representing more than 80 percent of the milk consumed
in a given population center.

     The samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137,
and  potassium.   All  samples  collected  in  July  are analyzed for
strontium-89, and strontium-90.  Also, for the  first  month  of  the
three  quarters  beginning  January,  April  and October, 10 regional
composite samples of milk made up from  the  states  within  each  of
EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for strontium-89 and strontium-90.

     Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are  determined
by  gamma  spectral  analysis.   Strontium-89  and  strontium-90  are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate  which  has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.

     The values for the pasteurized milk samples for January -  March
are shown in Tables 12 - 14.

     Strontium values for these locations are shown in Table 15.
                               24

-------
                                  TABLE 12

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                JANUARY 1987
LOCATION

 AK:ANCHORAGE
 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CArLOS ANGELES
 CA:SACRAMENTO
 CA:SAN FRANCISCO
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL:TAMPA
 GA: ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 KS:WI CHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MA: BOSTON
 MD:BALTIMORE
 ME:PORTLAND
 MI:DETROIT
 MI:GRAND RAPIDS
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST. PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST. LOUIS
 MS: JACKSON
 MT:HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM: ALBUQUERQUE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:SYRACUSE
 OH CINCINNATI
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
DATE
COLLECTED
1/13/87
I/ 9/87
I/ 6/87
I/ 8/87
I/ 9/87
I/ 6/87
I/ 6/87
1/30/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 6/87
I/ 6/87
1/13/87
I/ 8/87
I/ 5/87
1/15/87
I/ 5/87
1/12/87
I/ 6/87
1/19/87
I/ 6/87
I/ 2/87
I/ 6/87
1/12/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 9/87
I/ 7/87
I/ 5/87
1/22/87
1/12/87
1/30/87
I/ 9/87
1/12/87
I/ 8/87
I/ 5/87
1/12/87
1/12/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
1/22/87
I/ 5/87

K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.46
.53
.34
.69
.48
.46
.42
.72
.60
.60
.54
.32
.54
.42
.39
.59
.46
.59
.48
.63
.64
.67
.42
.60
.66
.86
.69
.64
.65
.47
.58
.50
.47
.89
.53
.57
.31
.48
.53
.63
.65
.55
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.13
.13
.12
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.08
.13
.13
.12
.09
.12
.12
.13
.13
.08
.13
.13
.12
.24
.12
.08
.12
.25
.09
.13
.13
.12
.24
.13
.13
.25
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.08
.12
.09
j.-> /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
9
10
9
3
12
7
9
5
9
6
15
18
13
13
23
5
4
7
7
8
5
3
14
8
12
7
4
6
9
7
3
6
17
10
6
8
2
6
8
5
9
2
9
8
9
7
9
9
9
7
5
7
7
9
6
9
10
7
9
5
9
7
7
18
9
5
7
18
5
7
7
7
18
7
9
18
7
7
9
9
7
5
7
5
-L«iU
Ba
pCi/l+2s
1
5
-1
0
7
9
6
10
2
7
8
4
7
4
4
2
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
0
6
10
1
^-1
8
3
-5
5
6
4
8
-1
-1
-2
-4
-2
6
1
9
9
9
8
9
10
9
8
6
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
8
19
9
6
8
19
6
9
9
8
18
9
9
19
9
9
9
9
9
6
8
6
J- J-L
I
pCi/l+2s
5
31
0
-2
1
1
-2
2
5
9
-1
-2
4
6
1
5
3
6
-1
5
5
4
5
8
7
2
5
-3
8
6
2
7
-2
7
8
4
1
0
1
3
10
4
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
14
7
5
7
14
5
7
7
7
14
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
                                         25

-------
                            TABLE 12 (CONTINUED)

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                JANUARY 1987
LOCATION

 OR:PORTLAND
 PA:PHILADELPHIA
 PA: PITTSBURGH
 PC:CRISTOBAL
 PR:SAN JUAN
 SC:CHARLESTON
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:NORFOLK
 VT:BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WV:CHARLESTON
 WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 6/87
1/29/87
1/16/87
1/27/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 5/87
1/20/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 2/87
I/ 1/87
I/ 5/87
I/ 2/87
1/20/87
I/ 7/87
K
g/l+2s
1.59 0.09
1.58 0.08
1.63 0.13
1.55 0.13
1.41 0.12
1.57 0.12
1.50 0.09
1.51 0.13
NA
1.40 0.12
1.67 0.12
NA
1.56 0.13
NA
1.57 0.13
1.82 0.25
1.91 0.25
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
17
7
8
19
2
10
3
12
3
17
6
2
6
10
3
27
8
5
5
7
7
9
7
5
7
2
9
7
3
7
3
7
19
18
140Ba
pCi/l+2s
4 6
1 6
2 9
-4 9
2 9
-4 8
-4 6
0 9
NA
4 9
3 8
NA
5 9
NA
1 9
16 19
17 19
131.,.
pCi/l+2s
6 5
6 5
5 7
-1 7
2 7
5 7
1 5
6 7
NA
8 8
6 7
NA
5 7
NA
5 7
8 14
3 14
 S = SIGMA. COUNTING ERROR
                                        26

-------
                                  TABLE 13
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                FEBRUARY 1987
LOCATION

 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CA: SACRAMENTO
 CA:SAN FRANCISCO
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE:WILMINGTON
 FL: TAMPA
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI:HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 ID:IDAHO FALLS
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN: INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:WICHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 MA: BOSTON
 MD:BALTIMORE
 ME:PORTLAND
 MI:DETROIT
 MI:GRAND RAPIDS
 MN: MINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST. PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST. LOUIS
 MS:JACKSON
 MT:HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM:ALBUQUERQUE
 NY: BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:SYRACUSE
 OH CINCINNATI
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
 PA: PHILADELPHIA
DATE
COLLECTED
2/ 5/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 5/87
2/ 5/87
2/ 3/87
2/13/87
2/26/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 4/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 6/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 6/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 5/87
2/ 2/87
2/17/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 5/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 3/87
2/26/87
2/ 9/87
2/25/87
2/12/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 4/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 9/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/24/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 2/87

K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.59
.65
.57
.60
.76
.55
.55
.60
.63
.52
.42
.51
.60
.51
.59
.60
.47
.59
.75
.74
.73
.53
.61
.62
.64
.56
.59
.58
.69
.67
.56
.57
.64
.53
.61
.62
.56
.63
.55
.56
.65
.54
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.18
.12
.12
.13
.12
.13
.12
.12
.08
.09
.12
.13
.12
.12
.13
.13
.18
.12
.13
.12
.24
.24
.12
.12
.24
.24
.13
.12
.13
.12
.08
.12
.09
.12
.13
.12
.12
.09
4.J /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
8
6
3
6
4
9
6
5
5
16
0
1
8
6
10
0
3
7
7
5
5
10
5
6
4
0
6
8
11
11
5
10
7
5
6
4
5
2
2
6
9
3
7
7
7
7
13
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
13
7
7
7
18
18
7
7
18
18
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
X1U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
2
1
7
8
-2
5
2
1
3
5
1
1
3
4
4
5
3
-2
2
-8
6
2
-3
2
11
0
3
6
-5
-3
0
5
-1
-2
1
-3
5
0
— ^
6
5
1
8
8
8
8
13
8
8
9
8
9
9
8
6
6
8
9
9
8
9
8
13
8
9
8
19
19
8
8
19
19
9
8
9
8
6
8
6
8
9
8
8
6
-LJJ.
I
pCi/l+2s
3
4
0
2
7
5
1
-1
-2
0
0
4
6
8
3
4
1
7
3
4
6
6
-3
2
9
3
3
1
7
3
7
4
-2
4
4
5
3
6
6
3
2
5
7
7
7
7
10
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
7
7
7
14
14
7
7
14
14
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
                                         27

-------
                            TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                FEBRUARY 1987
LOCATION

 PA: PITTSBURGH
 PC:CRISTOBAL
 PR:SAN JUAN
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:NORFOLK
 VT:BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WV: CHARLESTON
 WY:LARAMIE
                                                                         131,
DATE
COLLECTED
2/ 3/87
2/26/87
2/17/87
2/ 3/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/24/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/ 2/87
2/17/87
2/ 4/87

K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.58
.51
.64
.74
.58
.72
.48
.61
.61
.60
.60
.60
.73
.74
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.13
.13
.25
.12
.17
.12
.08
.08
.12
.12
.09
.25
.25
J. J /
Cs
pCi/l+2s
9
10
8
3
6
7
5
8
2
3
20
3
5
1
7
7
7
18
7
13
7
5
5
7
7
5
18
18
J- -I V
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-6
4
2
10
1
3
-2
-2
-3
0
8
5
3
1
8
9
9
19
8
13
8
6
6
8
8
6
19
19
-i_ *j -J-
I
pCi/l+2s
5
0
2
-1
3
4
1
7
2
6
4
4
8
1
7
7
7
14
7
10
7
5
5
7
7
5
14
14
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                          28

-------
                                  TABLE 14
             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
LOCATION

 AK:ANCHORAGE
 AL:MONTGOMERY
 AR:LITTLE ROCK
 AZ:PHOENIX
 CA:LOS ANGELES
 CA: SACRAMENTO
 CA:SAN FRANCISCO
 CO:DENVER
 CT:HARTFORD
 DE: WILMINGTON
 FL:TAMPA
 GA:ATLANTA
 HI: HONOLULU
 IA:DES MOINES
 IL:CHICAGO
 IN: INDIANAPOLIS
 KS:WICHITA
 KY:LOUISVILLE
 LA:NEW ORLEANS
 MD:BALTIMORE
 ME:PORTLAND
 MI:DETROIT
 MI:GRAND RAPIDS
 MN:MINNEAPOLIS
 MN:ST. PAUL
 MO:KANSAS CITY
 MO:ST. LOUIS
 MS:JACKSON
 MT:HELENA
 NC:CHARLOTTE
 ND:MINOT
 NE:OMAHA
 NH:MANCHESTER
 NJ:TRENTON
 NM: ALBUQUERQUE
 NV:LAS VEGAS
 NY:BUFFALO
 NY:NEW YORK CITY
 NY:SYRACUSE
 OH CINCINNATI
 OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
 OR:PORTLAND
         MARCH 1987

  DATE        K
COLLECTED   g/l+2s
 140Ba
pCi/l+2s
pCi/l+2s
3/ 4/87
3/ 6/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 5/87
3/ 6/87
3/ 4/87
3/ 2/87
3/31/87
3/ 2/87
3/10/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 9/87
3/ 5/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 9/87
3/ 2/87
3/16/87
3/ 6/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 6/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 6/87
3/ 4/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 5/87
3/ 9/87
3/27/87
3/ 6/87
3/16/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/25/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
a
•
•
•
•
•
•
.
.
•
,
.
.
,
•
•
.
•
•
»
•
.
•
•
•
•
.
•
•
.
•
•
•
•
•
.
•
*
•
•
.
•
48
65
44
49
75
57
59
46
72
64
59
48
58
60
58
67
59
65
58
71
85
47
61
54
84
55
57
61
59
68
69
60
56
58
79
77
62
64
74
58
62
57
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0,
0.
0.
0.
0,
0.
0,
0.
0.
0.
0.
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
,09
,13
,12
.12
,13
,13
,09
,12
,13
,12
,12
,12
,13
.12
,13
.12
.08
.13
.08
,13
.25
,12
.12
.24
.25
.12
.12
.12
.12
.25
.13
.12
.12
.13
.25
.25
.08
.12
.25
.12
.24
.13
3
7
8
2
6
-1
5
7
7
8
18
3
1
9
5
5
5
4
4
5
21
2
3
17
10
8
5
5
8
12
2
11
6
6
11
2
5
8
13
5
11
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
19
7
7
18
18
7
7
7
7
18
7
7
7
7
18
18
5
7
18
7
18
7
8
-3
3
-1
10
4
-4
1
9
1
3
2
3
-3
-1
1
_2
-2
6
8
13
0
0
-1
2
4
1
-4
1
8
-1
6
2
4
2
4
6
-1
-4
2
1
-2
6
9
9
8
8
9
6
9
8
8
8
8
9
8
9
8
6
9
6
8
19
9
8
19
19
8
8
8
8
19
9
8
8
9
19
19
6
8
19
8
19
9
4
6
7
6
5
3
4
-3
2
5
7
3
0
7
6
0
2
6
-1
2
4
1
5
-4
7
6
5
2
7
7
1
5
3
3
4
-2
-1
8
-2
7
1
1
5
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
14
7
7
14
14
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
14
14
5
7
14
7
14
7
                                          29

-------
                            TABLE 14 (CONTINUED)

             CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                                 MARCH 1987
LOCATION

 PA:PHILADELPHIA
 PA: PITTSBURGH
 PC:CRISTOBAL
 PR:SAN JUAN
 SC:CHARLESTON
 SD:RAPID CITY
 TN:CHATTANOOGA
 TN:KNOXVILLE
 TN:MEMPHIS
 TX:AUSTIN
 UT:SALT LAKE CITY
 VA:NORFOLK
 VT:BURLINGTON
 WA:SEATTLE
 WA:SPOKANE
 WI:MILWAUKEE
 WV:CHARLESTON
 WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/ 2/87
3/ 3/87
3/26/87
3/12/87
3/16/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 2/87
3/31/87
3/ 4/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 3/87
3/ 2/87
3/ 6/87
V 9/87
3/ 2/87
3/18/87
3/ 3/87

K


g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.63
.55
.53
.74
.59
.52
.78
.80
.52
.63
.54
.59
.54
.58
.70
.63
.88
.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.24
.13
.13
.12
.12
.17
.25
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
.12
.25
.12
.18
.08
-L J 1
Cs
pCi/l+2s
2
4
15
6
9
6
12
-4
7
0
6
7
12
13
9
5
8
1
7
18
7
7
7
7
13
18
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
13
5
j.t\j
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-3
7
-1
2
3
-2
-5
-3
-3
4
1
8
0
5
-17
-3
17
_^
8
19
9
8
8
8
13
19
8
8
8
9
8
8
18
8
13
6
J- J -L.
I
pCi/l+2s
2
-4
5
-1
7
5
9
3
3
5
3
-4
5
5
1
7
4
2
7
14
7
7
7
7
10
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
10
5
     SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
                                         30

-------
                         TABLE 15

    STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONT.IUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK

                 EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES

                  JANUARY - MARCH 1987

                          9°Sr           89Sr
    REGION             pCi/1 + 2s       pCi/1 + 2s*

     I                   0.8  0.9          2   1
     II                  2.1  0.5         -1   1
     III                 1.4  1.2          1   2
     IV                  2.6  0.9         -1   2
     V                   1.9  0.6          1   1
     VI                  1.5  0.8          21
     VII                 2.3  1.0         -1   1
     VIII                1.4  0.4          1   1
     IX                  0.0  0.6          2   1
     X                   0.4  0.4          2   1
S = SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
S*= ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES THE
    COUNTING ERROR
                            31

-------
                          Carbon-14 in Milk

     Nine  stations,  chosen  for  wide  geographical   distribution,
contribute  milk  samples  for  annual  analysis of carbon-14.  These
samples  are  monitored  for  carbon-14  levels  in  the  food  chain
resulting from nuclear testing.

     Analysis  consists  of  combusting  the  samples  and  measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.

     The last carbon-14 results were for samples collected during May
1975  and  May  1979.   They were published in Environmental Radiation
Data:  Report 29.                                     '
                                 32

-------
     ENVIRONMENTAL  RADIATION  DATA  (ERD)  is  published   quarterly
(January,April,  July,October)  by  the  U.   S.   Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs.

     Requests for information concerning publication and distribution
of ERD should be directed to:

                          Charles M. Petko
                      Technical Support Branch
              Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
                         1890 Federal Drive
                     Montgomery, Alabama  36109

     Requests for  information  concerning  the  operation  of  ERAMS
should be directed to:

                     Charles R. Phillips, Chief
              Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
              Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
                         1890 Federal Drive
                     Montgomery, Alabama  36109
                               or to:
                       James W. Gunter, Chief
                Environmental Studies and Statistics
               Analysis and Support Division (ANR-461)
                U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
                         Waterside Mall East
                          401 M Street, SW
                       Washington, DC   20460
                                 ***

-------