United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
(5306W)
EPA-530-F-99-017C
October 1999
www.epa.gov/osw
    Bergen  County,
    New Jersey
    54% Municipal Solid Waste Reduction
    (49% Residential Solid Waste Reduction; 63% Institutional/Commercial
    Solid Waste Reduction)
Overview
    Bergen County provides solid waste management
funding, technical assistance, education programs, and data
management to its 70 municipalities.  The county also owns a
waste transfer station and a yard trimmings processing facility.
The Bergen County Long-Term Solid Waste Management
Plan mandates residential recycling of eight materials.  All
communities in Bergen County have passed their own
mandatory recycling ordinances; some of these ordinances
mandate recycling of materials in addition to those required
by the county. All but seven of the municipalities provide
residential trash services or hire and pay for a contractor to
collect their residents' trash, residents  of the other
communities must contract directly with trash haulers. Sixty-
nine of the 70 county communities offer curbside recycling
services, and four have pay-as-you-throw trash systems. The
 County Solid Waste Management Plan requires commercial
  and institutional establishments to
  recycle corrugated cardboard, high-
  grade and mixed paper, glass food and
  beverage containers, aluminum cans,
  ferrous scrap, white goods, and
   construction and demolition debris
   and to track and report the amounts of
   materials recovered.
                                DHALU
                                 POPULATION: 825,380
                                   (1995)
                                 HOUSEHOLDS: 330,473
                                   (1996);  250,000
                                   single-  family
                                   dwellings  (estimate, 4
                                   or fewer units per
                                   building),  80,000
                                   multi-family
                                   dwellings  (estimate, 5
                                   or more units)
                                 BUSINESSES: 30,859
                                   (1998)
    Keys to High Waste Reduction
        The keys to Bergen County's high
     waste diversion rate are mandatory
     recycling; historically high disposal
      fees; the existence of well-
      established markets for recovered
       materials; extensive eduction and
        outreach programs; technical
       assistance; and the availability of a
               PROGRAM SUMMARY
                                     1993
                    1995
               Tons Per Year MSW1
                 Tons Per Year RSW
                 Tons Per Year ICW
     1,086,055
       693,840
       392,215
1,086,055
  693,840
  392,215
               Percent MSW Diverted!     52%        54%
                 Percent RSW Diverted     49%        49%
                 Percent ICW Diverted      57%        63%
                                           Average lbs./HH/day2
                                     15.21
                    15.21
               Net Program Costs/HH       NA         NA
                 Disposal Services          NA         NA
                 Diversion Services         NA         NA

               Key: MSW = municipal solid waste  RSW = residential solid waste
                  ICW = institutional and commercial waste
                  NA = not available
               Notes: Numbers may not add to total due to rounding.
               11n order to account for waste bypassing the county transfer
                 station in 1995, ILSR assumed 1995 MSW, RSW, and ICW to be
                 equal to 1993 MSW, RSW, and ICW, respectively and added an
                 estimated tonnage to disposal.
               2Rgures represent residential sector only. ILSR estimated
                 households served in 1993 and 1995 as 250,000, the number of
                 dwellings in buildings with four or fewer units.
                                          Source: Institute for Local Self-Reliance, 1999.
   This profile is part of the fact sheet Cutting the Waste Stream in Half: Community Record-Setters Show How (EPA-530-F-99-017).

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              yard debris management facility.  Although
              trash tip fees dropped to $54 per ton at the
              Bergen County Utilities Authority Transfer
              Station in 1998, from January 1990 until
              November 1997, tip fees at the facility were
              over $100 per ton.  Bergen County is home to
              two paper mills that create a  constant demand
              for recovered paper. The county runs an
              education and outreach program that includes
              advertising, publications, promotions, education
              programs, a hotline, and a lending library. The
              county's 25-acre yard debris composting site
              composts grass clippings, leaves, and brush and
              sells the finished material.

              Cost-Effectiveness
                 The Bergen County Utilities Authority's
              budget for solid waste management includes its
              transfer station costs, hauling costs, tip fees,
              landfill closure costs, recycling and source
              reduction financial  assistance programs,
              education and publicity costs, staff and
              administration costs, and debt service. The
              Authority's expenditures represent only a
              portion of the costs of waste management in
              the county.  Each county community operates
              a waste management program, which is for the
              most part financed  by community funds.  In a
              limited survey of community recycling
              coordinators from Bergen County, all six
       RESIDENTIAL WASTE GENERATION
           PER  HOUSEHOLD PER  DAY
MATERIALS RECOVERED
 The County requires each community to recycle newspaper, glass food
 and beverage containers, food and beverage cans, ferrous scrap, white
 goods, leaves, and grass clippings from residential waste. Some county
 communities recycle additional materials such as
 magazines, plastics,
 and other paper
 grades.
   Compost piles at the
  Bergen County-owned
       compost facility

                  1993        1995
           |  Trash     ]  Recycling     |  Composting

   Source: Institute for Local Self-Reliance, 1999.

respondents claimed their waste reduction
programs saved money or cost no more than
disposal. Reasons cited for the cost-
effectiveness of the programs include reduced
trash costs as a result  of diversion, lower labor
costs as a result of waste reduction,
saving on compost for city
projects, free hauling  and
no tip fees for recyclables,
and revenues from sale of
recovered materials off-
setting program costs.

Tips  for Replication
       Support community innovation with
small  grants.
       Make waste reduction programs
mandatory.
       Design a user friendly program.
       Provide  bins  for  curbside  recycling
participants.
       Be accessible.
       Contact
        Nina Herman Seiden
        Recycling Program Manager
        Bergen County Utilities Authority
        Department of Solid Waste Planning and Development
        RO. Box 9
        Foot of Mehrhof Road
        Little Ferry, NJ 07643
        PHONE: 201-641-2552  x5822
        FAX: 201-641-3509

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