18425.007
AIR QUALITY
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
FOR THE
STATE OF ALASKA
VOLUME IV: EMERGENCY EPISODE PLAN
DECEMBER 1971
Prepared for the
STATE OF ALASKA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
TRW
SYSTfMS GROUP
ONE SPACE PARK * REDONDO BEACH. CALIFORNIA £0278
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18425.007
AIR QUALITY
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
FOR THE
STATE OF ALASKA
VOLUME IV: EMERGENCY EPISODE PLAN
DECEMBER 1971
Prepared for the
STATE OF ALASKA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
TRW
SYSTEMS GROUP
ONE SPACE PARK • PEDONDO BEACH. CALIFORNIA S0278
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The work upon which this publication is based
was performed by TRW Systems Group pursuant
to Contract #68-02-0048 with the Office of Air
Programs, Environmental Protection Agency.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 PREFACE 1-1
2.0 LEGAL AUTHORITY 2-1
2.1 Assignment of Responsibilities 2-1
2.2 Episode Status Declaration Authority 2-1
3.0 EPISODE CRITERIA 3-1
3.1 Episode Watch 3-1
3.2 Alert Stage 3-1
3.3 Warning Stage 3-2
3.4 Emergency Stage 3-3
3.5 Episode Stage Termination 3-4
3.6 Special Episode Criteria 3-4
3.6.1 The Specific Pollutant Situation 3-4
3.6.2 The Specific Locality Situation 3-5
4.0 EPISODE ACTION PLAN
4.1 High Wind Episode Condition - Particulate 4-1
4.1.1 General Control Measures 4-1
4.1.2 Specific Control Measure 4-2
4.2 Stagnation Episode - Particulates 4-3
4.2.1 General Episode Watch Action 4-4
4.2.2 Action on Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) . . 4-5
4.2.2.1 ALERT Status - Particulates 4-5
4.2.2.2 WARNING Status - Particulates 4-6
4.2.2.3 EMERGENCY Status - Particulates .... 4-7
4.2.3 Action on Carbon Monoxide (CO) 4-8
4.2.3.1 ALERT Status, Carbon Monoxide 4-9
4.2.3.2 WARNING Status, Carbon Monoxide .... 4-10
4.2.3.3 EMERGENCY Status, Carbon Monoxide ... 4-12
4.2.4 Action on Sulfur Oxides (SOJ 4-13
A
5.0 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES 5-1
5.1 Weather Forecasting 5-1
5.2 Air Quality Data Acquisition 5-1
ii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued):
5.2.1 Fairbanks-North Star Borough 5-2
5.2.2 Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District . . 5-2
5.2.3 Ketchikan 5-2
5.3 Declaration of Episode Stages 5-3
5.4 Episode Action Plan Implementation 5-6
5.4.1 Partial Activation 5-6
5.4.2 Full Activation 5-11
5.4.3 Termination 5-11
5.5 Source Surveillance 5-18
6.0 ORGANIZATIONAL INTERFACES/COMMUNICATIONS 6-1
6.1 National Weather Service 6-1
6.2 Point Sources 6-1
6.3 News Media 6-2
6.4 State of Alaska 6-2
6.5 Public Safety Organizations 6-3
6.6 Environmental Protection Agency 6-3
APPENDIX A A-l
APPENDIX B B-l
iii
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1.0 PREFACE
The following is the Emergency Episode Plan defining contingency
measures to be taken by designated agencies and officials of the State
of Alaska and cooperating organizations, in order to protect the health
of persons during air pollution episodes. An air pollution episode
is defined here as an atmospheric condition in which ambient concentra-
tions of airborne contaminants tend toward levels that imminently and
substantially endanger the health of persons who are exposed to the air.
The Emergency Episode Plan for the State of Alaska was developed in
accordance with Chapter IV, Title 42, August 14, 1971 Federal Register,
Sec. 420.16, entitled, "Prevention of Air Pollution Emergency Episodes."
The Plan consists of the following sections.
Section 2.0 - Legal Authority
Section 3.0 - Episode Criteria
Section 4.0 - Episode Action Plan
Section 5.0 - Operational Procedures
Section 6.0 - Organizational Interfaces/
Communications
The evaluation of available air quality data and the identification
of major pollution sources in Alaska have resulted in the Plan presented
herein. From all the evidence*, it is concluded that the threat of
episodes are greatest in the following three areas, at the present time:
1. Total suspended particulates, or TSP in Anchorage and Fairbanks.
2. Carbon monoxide, or CO in Center City of Fairbanks.
3. Oxides of sulfur, expressed in terms of sulfur dioxide, S02
in the Ketchikan Area.
*Surveillance Volume
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The Plan is designated as a mechanism for indicating public action,
issuing public warning, and attempting to reduce levels of a specific
pollutant concentration by reducing major source emissions. Updating
will be periodically required as additional air quality data become
available in order that the Plan remain sensitive to the needs of the
people of the State of Alaska.
Table 1-1. REGIONAL PRIORITY DESIGNATIONS
Air Quality
Control Region
008 Cook Inlet
009 Northern Alaska
010 South Central
Oil South Eastern
Total
Suspended
Parti culates
I
I
III
III
Sulfur
Oxides
III
III
III
IA
.Nitrogen
Oxides
III
III
III
III
Carbon
Monoxide
III
I
III
III
Total
Oxidants
III
III
III
III
This Plan is written for present conditions and problems and will
be revised and extended as needed. When adverse air quality measurements
are obtained or when general industrial or urban development reaches
other areas of the State, a more extensive plan will be developed. Both
the air quality criteria and emergency action plans presented in this
document are specific to the current air pollution problems in the
State of Alaska.
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2.0 LEGAL AUTHORITY
The set of actions provided for in the Emergency Episode Plan is
authorized by enabling legislation as cited below. In general, legislation
(a) expresses the intent of Congress to assign responsibilities for episode
avoidance and (b) conveys to those so designated, specific powers for
carrying out their responsibilities in the most effective manner.
2.1 ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES
The Clean Air Act of 1970, Section 303 indicates the intent of the
U.S. Congress in preventing or reducing the severity of air pollution
disasters that affect the health of people who are exposed to contaminated
air. This Act is interpreted in Chapter IV, Title 42, August 14, 1971 Feder-
al Register. Sec. 420.16, entitled, "Prevention of Air Pollution Episodes."
2.2 EPISODE STATUS DECLARATION AUTHORITY
Announcement of an Internal Episode Watch, and Public Declarations
of ALERT Status, WARNING Status, EMERGENCY Status in accordance with
Section 3. and termination thereof shall be made by the Governor of Alaska,
the Commissioner of the Department of Environmental Conservation or by the
Administrative Officer of the local Air Pollution Control Authority in
concurrence with the appropriate Chief Executive Officer of the jurisdiction
in which episode conditions exist.
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Table 2-1. LEGAL AUTHORITY AVAILABLE FOR STATE ACTIONS
IN EMERGENCY AIR POLLUTION EPISODES
Authority
Enforcement Authority
Department of Environmental Conservation
State of Alaska, as the prime agency for
carrying out emergency functions.
Delineation of the area of jurisdiction
Basis upon which emergency actions will
be initiated
Manner in which the specific orders are
to be issued and the time period of
action
Responsibility for development of an
Emergency Control Action Plan prescribing
specific measures for the major sources
of emissions
Responsibility for an evaluation of the
preventive and abatement actions taken
during an episode
Conveyance of Specific Powers
Control and prevent conditions which
threaten or endanger the public health
or welfare before the occurrence of
actual injury
Enforcement of the law by appropriate
administrative and judicial proceedings
including injunctive relief.
Access to records relating to emissions
of air contaminants
The securing of necessary technical
information by contract or otherwise
The preparation of comprehensive plans
for the control of air pollution,
including air quality and emission data,
performance of studies, on-site investi-
gations and research
Establishment of ambient air quality
standards and emission standards for
all parts of the State of Alaska
The exercise of emergency authority
to limit or eliminate emissions with
minimum delay
2-2
Sourcg
AS 44.46.03.820
AS 44.46.03.020
AS 44.46.03.820
AS 44.46.03.820
AS 44.46.03.020
AS 44.46.03.020
AS 44.46.03.820
AS 44.46.03.210
AS 44.46.050
AS 44.46.03.020
AS 44.46.020(a)(2)
AS 44.46.020(1)
AS44.46.030.020(10)
AS 44.46.03.820
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Table 2-1. (continued)
Authority Source
The imposition of penalities for failure AS 44.46.03.760
to comply with regulations, in particular,
with legally authorized action under
emergency conditions
The delegation of performance of duties AS 44.46.03.210
to a subordinate agency
To take any action deemed necessary to AS 44.46.020(2) and (4)
carry out statute and regulations AS 44.46.03.860
AS 44.46.03.890
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3.0 EPISODE CRITERIA
The conditions described in these sections may initiate action on the
part of the appropriate Air Pollution Control Authority (APCA) such as the
Department of Environmental Conservation, the Tri-Borough Air Resources
Management District, and Fairbanks - North Star Borough.
3.1 EPISODE WATCH
The conditions for Episode Watch consist of:
• An Atmospheric Stagnation or Wind/Dust Advisory is issued
by the National Weather Service Office (Anchorage,
Fairbanks or Annette), stating that stagnant atmospheric
or wind/dust conditions are expected during the next
36 hours over a specific area of Alaska. In effect, the
Advisory cautions of pollutant concentration buildups
if air stagnation and large amounts of emissions are
present or if particulate loading can be expected to
drastically increase due to wind conditions. Either
of these advisories will be updated at least every
12 hours during episode conditions.
• A forecast by local meteorologists that stagnant atmospheric
or high wind conditions could result in high air pollution
levels in Alaska.
• Validated reports of abnormally high air pollution measure-
ments in the local area.
3.2 ALERT STAGE
The ALERT level marks the threshold at which selective control action
is to begin. An ALERT status may be declared by the APCA following pollutant
concentration measured at any monitoring site, and due to adverse
meteorological conditions can be expected to remain at these levels or
higher for the next 12 hours or more unless control measures are taken.
The criteria for ALERT stage are as follows:
Particulates
• Measured by sequential tape sampler (or EPA-approved equivalent)
(soiling index):
3.0 COHs per 1000 linear feet. Running 24-hour average
of two-hour samples.
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• Measured by Hi-Vol (high volume sampler), or EPA-approved
equivalent:
3
375 yg/m , 24-hour average
Carbon Monoxide
• Measured by continuous non-dispersive infrared analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
o
15 ppm (17 mg/m ), 8-hour average
Sulfur Dioxide
t Measured by continuous coulometric or colorimetric analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
2
800 yg/m (0.3 ppm), 24-hour average
3.3 WARNING STAGE
The WARNING level marks the threshold of a health hazard which requires
the curtailment of certain industrial activities according to a pre-arranged
schedule. Continued deterioration of air quality to the point where a
WARNING level concentration is reported at one or more monitoring sites
will result in the declaration of a WARNING Status, based on the official
weather prediction that no significant improvement in air quality is
expected for the next 12 hours. The APCA may also elect to declare this
episode stage in the absence of an adverse meteorological forecast solely
on the' basis of air quality measurements which equal or exceed the levels
specified below. The following are WARNING criteria.
Particulates
t Measured by sequential tape sampler, or EPA-approved
equivalent (soiling index):
5.0 COHs per 1000 linear feet. Running 24-hour
average of two-hour readings
t Measured by Hi-Vol, or EPA-approved equivalent, 24-hour
accumulation:
24-hour average, 625 yg/m
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Carbon Monoxide
t Measured by continuous non-dispersive infrared analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
o
34 mg/m (30 ppm), 8-hour average
Sulfur Dioxide
• Measured by continuous coulometric or colorimetric analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
•j
1600 Mg/m (0.6 ppm), 24-hour average
3.4 EMERGENCY STAGE
The EMERGENCY level defines the high threshold of air pollution that
must not be reached, for it constitutes a substantially dangerous health
hazard. If preventive measures fail to avert this condition, all activities
that produce emissions will be subject to major curtailment, in accordance
with a pre-arranged schedule. Human activities will be generally curtailed.
An EMERGENCY Status will be declared if any of the following ambient pollu-
tant concentrations are reached or exceeded:
Particulates
• Measured by sequential tape sampler, or EPA-approved
equivalent (soiling index):
7.0 COHs per 1000 linear feet. Running 24-hour
average of two-hour samples
• Measured by Hi-Vol, or EPA-approved equivalent, 24-hour
accumulation:
3
24-hour average, 875 yg/m
Carbon Monoxide
• Measured by continuous non-dispersive infrared analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
46 mg/m (40 ppm), 8-hour average
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Sulfur Dioxide
• Measured by continuous coulometric or colorimetric analyzer,
or EPA-approved equivalent:
o
2100 pg/m (0.8 ppm), 24-hour average
These criteria are tailored to general needs of the people of Alaska
and to the averaging capabilities of specified air quality monitors. The
example Environmental Protection Agency criteria which are specifically
applicable to the local air pollution problems are adopted for the State
of Alaska.
3.5 EPISODE STAGE TERMINATION
When conditions for a declare episode status are no longer present, the
episode stage reached will be terminated or reduced to the next lower stage
by the appropriate public announcement. This will occur under the following
conditions:
a. When ambient pollutant concentrations fall below the level
specified for the stage, and a downward trend of concentra-
tion is established; and
b. When meteorological conditions that attended the high
concentrations no longer exist.
3.6 SPECIAL EPISODE CRITERIA
In Alaska episode conditions are usually limited to one or two individual
pollutants and to a specific locality within the State. In order to minimize
disruption to the economic life of the community as a whole, this Episode
Plan will hereby define special episode criteria that will enable controls
to be applied with a high degree of selectivity.
3.6.1 The-Specific Pollutant Situation
If concentrations measured for one or two pollutants reach or
exceed criteria levels defined in Sections 3.2 - 3.4, but concentrations
of other pollutants exhibit no significant increase or trend beyond 50
percent of ALERT Levels, and no improvement in weather conditions is
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expected, a Specific ALERT. WARNING, or EMERGENCY Status may be declared
naming the pollutants that meet these respective criteria. If concentra-
tions of two such pollutants meet different criteria, the declared status
for the episode shall be the higher of the two. A declaration shall state
that an Episode Watch is being maintained on the remaining pollutants.
EXAMPLE: One-hour concentrations are as follows:
Particulates - 5.0 COHs
Carbon Monoxide - 42 ppm (EMERGENCY Level - 40 ppm)
If meteorological conditions are met, a declaration will be issued
stating that a Specific EMERGENCY Status exists for carbon monoxide, while
an Episode Watch is in effect for particulates.
3.6.2 The Specific Locality Situation
If high concentrations of one or more pollutants are measured at one
of the monitoring sites but not at the others, and the effect is known or
suspected to originate from an identifiable source or a local meteorological
condition near the given monitoring site, a declaration will be made stating
that a Local ALERT, WARNING, or EMERGENCY Status exists for the delineated
area, and that an Episode Watch is in effect over the remaining portion of
the jurisdictional area. Note that a condition for declaration of a Local
Episode (ALERT, WARNING, or EMERGENCY Status) is that meteorological indica-
tions favor the maintenance or increase of high concentrations for at least
a 12-hour period.
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4.0 EPISODE ACTION PLAN
4.1 HIGH WIND EPISODE CONDITION - PARTICULATE
Examination of the suspended participate measurements made in the
Cook Inlet AQCR and in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough indicates that
high concentrations are observed under high wind conditions. This is
quite distinct from the usual episode condition when pollutant concentra-
tions build up during periods of atmospheric stagnation and relatively
low wind speed. An essential difference between the two conditions lies
in the type of pollution emission sources which have the major influence
on the ambient concentrations in each case. During the conventional
stagnation episode, man-made stationary and mobile sources are most im-
portant. Under high winds, however, the natural evolution of airborne
dust from exposed soil is greatly increased and the relative importance
of man-made sources is diminished. These considerations significantly
affect the design and implementation of a Episode Control Plan for high
wind situations.
The National Weather Service Offices in Anchorage and Fairbanks will
issue High Wind Forecasts to the respective APCA, and these will be
utilized in initiating Episode Watch Procedures. These forecasts will be
updated every 12 hours during the episode.
4.1.1 General Control Measures
A large amount of discretionary authority will reside with the
Episode Coordinator during a High Wind Episode. As it may not be possible
to prescribe emission reduction measures which will be effective in reduc-
ing suspended particulate matter levels under these conditions, the general
control actions will be directed toward minimizing exposure to the adverse
pollution levels. To this end, the coordinator will issue a public an-
nouncement describing the situation and strongly recommending the curtail-
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merit of all unnecessary travel, and outdoor activity until the ambient
air quality conditions improve. In addition, the coordinator may elect
from the following set of control actions depending upon his evaluation
of the situation:
1. A general ban on open burning and solid waste
incineration.
2. A directive to elementary and secondary schools to
eliminate outdoor activities or to close entirely.
3. In cooperation with the local Public Safety Agency,
restriction of traffic movement in seriously affected
areas.
4.1.2 Specific Control Measure
During a high wind episode, the Episode Coordinator will exercise
judgement regarding the imposition of specific source curtailment
measures based on wind direction and other factors. If the measured
ambient pollutant concentrations appear equally high up and down wind
from a major stationary source or source complex, there would be little
practical justification for a restriction on source operations. Any
stationary source may, in the public interest, be required to reduce
emissions according to its approved emergency reduction plan submitted
with its Permit to Operation Application.
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4.2 STAGNATION EPISODE - PARTICIPATES
When the ALERT, WARNING, or EMERGENCY conditions are identified, a
public declaration will be made. Upon such declaration, a stepwise reduc-
tion in man-made emissions will be performed in accordance with the
following Plan. Responsibility for action to achieve emission reduction
will rest with the owner, manager, and principal operator(s) of the
emission source.
When an episode occurs, remedial measures are directed primarily at
the major point sources of the specific pollutant(s) for which episode
levels are observed or predicted. However, in Fairbanks and Anchorage
actions are also prescribed for the area sources that include large
numbers of small emitters and may require restrictions upon the general
public. Hence, the Episode Action Plan specifies both general measures
and specific source curtailment for each Episode Status.
Depending upon the meteorological conditions, any and all point
sources emitting 100 tons or more of particulate matter may be called upon
by the Director of the Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District to
reduce emissions in accordance with a well-defined Plan to be submitted
in the semi-annual report. The Plan will be generated by the Operator
of each such facility and will show detailed procedures for curtailing
emissions during the ALERT, WARNING, and EMERGENCY Stages of the episode.
This Plan will also delineate those measures available to the source
for reducing the emission of each specific pollutant characteristic of
the source.
In the case of Fairbanks-North Star Borough, the central city of
Fairbanks is the prime object of the Emergency Action Plan for both
particulates and carbon monoxide as described herein. As a result, the
specific measures to be taken relate to those point sources which are
believed to affect center city air quality. Depending upon meteorological
conditions, however, any and all sources in addition to those indicated
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in Sections 4.2.1.2, 4.2.2.2, and 4.2.3.2 or 4.3.1.2, 4.3.2.2, and 4.3.3.3
emitting 100 tons or more of either participates or carbon monoxide may
be called upon by the Chairman of the Fairbanks-North Star Borough to
reduce emissions in accordance with a well-defined Plan. The Plan will
be generated by the Operator of each facility and will show detailed
procedures for curtailing emissions during the ALERT, WARNING, and
EMERGENCY stages of the episode in accordance with Part B of Table I
of Appendix L, Title 42, Chapter IV, Part 420 of the Federal Register.
August 14, 1971.
As the special studies described in the Air Quality Surveillance
Volume are completed, the Episode Action Plan will be updated to reflect
the more complete understanding of the particulate pollution problem.
4.2.1 General Episode Watch Action
Sources are to be advised by the APCA that an Episode Watch is in
effect, but no action to reduce emissions is required in accordance with
standby plans. However, certain preparatory measures may be taken in both
Fairbanks and Anchorage which shall include:
1. For coal-burning power generating plants:
a. Contact outside power sources to determine the amount
of power available for purchase.
b. Be prepared to reduce operation of units that are known
to rank high in pollutant emissions per kilowatt hour
and to phase in or increase operation of those that rank
lower in this respect.
c. Assure the availability of preferably low sulfur oil
or gas (if available in the locale).
While no action is required on the part of the general public at
this time, the Episode Watch Status will be the occasion for the APCA to
establish a full communications network for further action.
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4.2.2 Action on Total Suspended Particulates (TSP)
4.2.2.1 ALERT Status - Particulates
When the ALERT Status for particulates is declared, the following
actions will be taken to reduce emissions of this pollutant.
• General Measures, ALERT Status
The following measures will be taken by the APCA:
1. Solid or liquid waste incineration from office
buildings, apartment houses, and other facilities
will be performed only during certains hours
announced by the APCA. However, voluntary post-
ponement until episode termination is desirable.
2. There will be no open burning.
3. Soot blowing or boiler lancing on fuel-burning
equipment (including ships in harbor) if required,
will be done only during certain hours announced
by the APCA.
4. Industrial batch processes as applicable will be
voluntarily reduced.
5. Persons operating motor vehicles will be requested
to eliminate unnecessary driving
• Specific Curtailment Action, ALERT Status
The point sources (over 100 tons/year emission) will be notified
to take curtailment action during ALERT Status for particulate
emissions. The following existing sources have been identified
in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough:
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities'
University of Alaska
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 70 percent of
normal load or convert to 30 percent oil.
2. Increase load at company stations that are outside
the episode area.
3. Purchase power from adjacent communities.
The APCA will notify Fairbanks International Airport to prepare
to reduce aircraft emissions over the center city area if WARNING
Status is declared.
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4.2.2.2 WARNING Status - Particulates
When the WARNING Status for participates is declared, the following
emission reduction actions will be taken in addition to those taken at the
ALERT levels.
t General Measures. WARNING Status
1. Solid or liquid waste incineration from office
buildings, apartment houses, and other facilities
will be postponed until episode termination.
2. There will be no open burning.
3. Soot blowing or boiler lancing on fuel-burning
equipment, if required, will be done only
upon direct approval of the appropriate APCA.
4. Driving automobiles at speeds in excess of 20 m.p.h.
will be prohibited in certain areas to curtail
road dust generation.
5. Industrial batch processes will be reduced to
50 percent of normal load.
t Specific Curtailment Action, WARNING Status
All point sources over 100 tons/year emissions will be required
to make such emission reductions as are specified in their
curtailment plan for this episode stage. The following existing
point sources will be notified by the APCA to take curtailment
action in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough during WARNING
Status for particulate emissions.
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
University of Alaska
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 50 percent of
normal load or convert to 50 percent oil.
2. Maximize load at company stations that are outside
the episode area. The APCA will notify Fairbanks
International Airport to:
a. Discontinue runup of engines undergoing
repair or maintenance.
b. Limit take-offs to a minimum spacing
of 15 minutes.
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4.2.2.3 EMERGENCY Status - Particulates
When the EMERGENCY Status for particulates is declared, the
following actions will be taken in addition to those specified for the
ALERT and WARNING Stages.
• General Measures, EMERGENCY Status
1. Automobile traffic in areas determined by the
episode coordinator will be prohibited to eliminate
road dust generation and reduce driving hazard.
2. Incineration of any form of solid or liquid waste
will be prohibited.
3. There will be no open burning of any kind of fuel,
waste, vegetation, refuse, or other material.
4. During the heating season, the operation of heating
units using coal in all buildings with the affected
area including public and private office buildings,
apartment houses, shops, hotels, schools, recreational
facilities, libraries, auditoriums, warehouses, etc.,
but not include hospitals, sanatoriums, children's
homes, and homes for the aged and infirm, will be
at thermostat temperature settings no higher than
60 degrees Fahrenheit.
5. During the heating season, heating units using coal
in single-family and small multi-family (six-family
units or less) that are equipped with thermostats
will operate at settings no higher than 60 degrees
Fahrenheit. Heating units that are not regulated
by thermostats will be operated at a rate that is
approximately 20 percent lower than normal for the
corresponding season and weather conditions.
6. Exceptions under foregoing 4 and 5 are allowed for
persons who are aged, infirm, or ill and under the
care of a physician. Exceptions are also allowed
under formal permit for facilities where a drastic
change in temperature could result in irreparable
damage, such as computer rooms, environmental
laboratories, cryogenic materials facilities,
hazardous materials storages, and meat lockers.
7. All places of employment, where large amounts of
fuel are used for heat or hot water will immediately
suspend such operations.
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8. Places of employment will release working personnel
ahead of normal close of day, and on a staggered
arrangement, based upon travel time to residence
for each employee.
9. All batch processes emitting particulate matter,
outdoor construction and demolition work will be
suspended until episode termination, except for
work that, if left unfinished, might result in
a public hazard.
10. All commercial and manufacturing establishments
not specifically mentioned in this order will
institute such actions as will result in reduction
of particulate emissions to the maximum reasonable
extent.
t Specific Curtailment Action, EMERGENCY Status
All point sources will be required to initiate the maximum
reductions called for in their episode emission reduction
plans. The following existing point sources will be notified
by the APCA to take curtailment action in the Fairbanks-North
Star Borough during EMERGENCY Status for particulate emissions:
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
University of Alaska
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 30 percent of normal
load or convert to 70 percent oil.
2. Reduce line voltage by 8 percent of normal. The APCA
will notify Fairbanks International Airport to:
a. Cancel flights.
b. Divert flights scheduled to terminate at
Fairbanks International Airport to alternate
airports outside the Fairbanks area.
4.2.3 Action on Carbon Monoxide (CO)
The following Emission Action Plan for carbon monoxide applies to the
area of Fairbanks-North Star Borough. A large percentage of the carbon
monoxide emissions in the area originate from mobile sources. Hence, the
measures prescribed herein for reducing emissions are directed at motorists,
particularly those who are accustomed to idling their engines continuously
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during Arctic winter days. A partial solution of this problem, recommended
in the Control Strategies Volume, requires the use of plug-in heaters on
parking lots in the city.
4.2.3.1 ALERT Status. Carbon Monoxide
When the ALERT Status for carbon monoxide is declared, the following
measures will be taken to reduce emissions of this pollutant.
• General Measures, ALERT Status
1. An appeal will be made to the public through news
media to curtail unnecessary use of private vehicles
and to use public transit for local travel.
2. Operation of government vehicles will be reduced
to higher priority needs as defined by officials
of the rank of bureau chief or equivalent.
3. The public will be reminded of the boundaries
of the center city (4.2.3.2) where
concentrations of carbon monoxide are highest.
Advisories will discourage incursions into
this area unless absolutely necessary, for the
duration of the episode.
• Specific Curtailment Action, ALERT Status
In accordance with federal requirements, the following point
sources will be notified by the APCA to take curtailment
action in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough during ALERT Status
for carbon monoxide emissions:
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
University of Fairbanks
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 70 percent of normal
load or convert to 30 percent oil.
2. Increase load at company stations that are outside
the episode area.
3. Purchase power from adjacent communities.
4-9
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The APCA will notify Fairbanks International Airport, Metro
Field, and Phillips Field to be prepared to reduce aircraft
operations over center city area if the WARNING Status is
declared.
4.2.3.2 WARNING Status, Carbon Monoxide
When the WARNING Status for carbon monoxide is declared, the
following measures will be taken to reduce emissions.
• General Measures, WARNING Status
1. The center city is defined by the following boundaries;
Chena River on the North and East, along
Fairbanks city boundaries to 23rd Avenue.
23rd Avenue to Lathrop Street. Lathrop
Street north to Chena River. (See
Figure 4-1.)
2. All passenger vehicles entering the center city
area will be restricted to those carrying four
or more persons. All traffic operations within
the center city area will be discouraged and an
emergency bus service will be initiated for persons
outbound from the center city.
3. The public will be notified by news media that no
automobile or truck traffic will be permitted within
the center city area, as defined, if and when an
EMERGENCY Status for carbon monoxide is declared.
4. Designated principal avenues will be made one-way
outbound from center city. These routes are listed
and shown in Figure 4-1.
Airport Road one way going west to Lathrop
Cushman Road one way going south from
Airport Road to 26th Avenue
Gafney Road going east from Cushman Road
to Fort Wainwright
Cushman Street bridge one way going north.
5. All automobile idling within center city except
in traffic will be prohibited.
6. All schools in the center city will be dismissed.
7. Staggered working hours will go into effect
in all governmental offices (State, Federal,
and Municipal) and in as many private offices
as volunteer to do so.
4-10
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Figure 4-1. CENTER CITY DESIGNATION AND ONE-WAY
ROUTE ASSIGNMENTS FOR THE FAIRBANKS-
NORTH STAR BOROUGH FOR USE IN CO
EPISODE STAGES.
4-11
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8. Taxi cruising will be prohibited in all parts of
the center city.
9. All deliveries and refuse collecting will be
curtailed.
• Specific Curtailment Action. WARNING Status
The following existing point sources will be notified by
APCA to curtail action in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough
during WARNING Status for carbon monoxide emissions:
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
University of Alaska
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 50 percent of
normal load or convert to 50 percent oil.
2. Maximize load at company stations that are outside
the episode area.
3. Purchase power from adjacent communities.
The APCA will notify Fairbanks International Airport , Metro
Field, and Phillips Field to:
1. Discontinue runup of engines undergoing repair
or maintenance.
2. Limit take-offs to a minimum spacing of 15 minutes.
3. Minimize air time over Fairbanks center city.
4.2.3.3 EMERGENCY Status, Carbon Monoxide
When an EMERGENCY Status for carbon monoxide is declared, the
following emission reduction actions will be taken.
• General Measures, EMERGENCY Status
1. No automobile or truck traffic will be permitted
within center city as outlined above, except for
designated emergency vehicles.
2. Throughout the Fairbanks air shed, all use of motor
vehicles will be prohibited except as permitted by
Borough authorities. The air shed is defined as the
area bound by the Tanana River, the west portion of
4-12
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the China Ridge Loop Road. South on Steese Highway
and along Trainer Road including Fort Wainwright.
Then south on Montgomery and Badger Roads to
Richardson Highway.
All stores will be closed except for those engaged
in the sale of food and medicines.
Through bus and truck service will be rerouted
to avoid the center city.
Scheduled bus service will be curtailed (if applicable).
t Specific Source Curtailment, EMERGENCY Status
The following point sources will be notified by the APCA to
take curtailment actions in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough
during an EMERGENCY Status for carbon monoxide emissions:
Golden Valley Electric (Illinois Street Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
University of Alaska
Fort Wainwright
The action will consist of the following:
1. Reduce coal-burning operations to 30 percent of
normal load or convert to 70 percent oil.
2. Reduce line voltage by 8 percent of normal.
The APCA will notify Fairbanks International Airport, Metro
Field, and Phillips Field to:
1. Cancel flights.
2. Divert flights scheduled to terminate at Fairbanks
International Airport to alternate airports outside
the Fairbanks area.
4.2.4 Action on Sulfur Oxides (SOX)
The contingency plan for sulfur dioxide in Southeastern Alaska will
consist of a public announcement released through Borough Headquarters
in Ketchikan. The public announcement will correspond to the following
levels of SO concentration:
A
• WARNING Status as defined in Section 3.3. .
• EMERGENCY Status as deinfed in Section 3.4.
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5.0 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
The operational procedures associated with the implementation of the
Episode Plan require a definition of organization responsibilities for
action and coordination. The details of these procedures will necessarily
change as the occasion arises for implementation of the Plan. The divi-
sion of responsibility for each of the major tasks required to be performed
is delineated in the following paragraphs. They consist of the following:
Weather Forecasting - Section 5.1
Air Quality Data Acquisition - Section 5.2
Declaration of Episode Stages - Section 5.3
Episode Action Plan Implementation - Section 5.4
Source Surveillance - Section 5.5
5.1 WEATHER FORECASTING
The responsibility for generating weather information relating to
forecasts of high wind conditions in the Tri-Borough area lies with the
National Weather Service Forecast Office (NWS) in Anchorage. Local
Offices in Fairbanks and Annette shall disseminate advisory information to
the Fairbanks - North Star Borough agency and the DEC, respectively. The
expected frequency of episode conditions in the North Star Borough fully
justifies the addition of an air pollution meteorologist to the Fairbanks
Weather Bureau Staff. This individual would be responsible for the
issuance and updating of stagnation advisories. During routine operation,
the Weather Service will provide information on weather conditions to the
APCA upon contact from such agency. Should an Advisory occur at any time,
the NWS will notify the APCA automatically. As the Episode Stages are
declared, the APCA will request that weather forecasts from the appropri-
ate NWS local office be submitted every 12 hours. The current capabilities
of the referenced weather stations are presented in Appendix B.
5.2 AIR QUALITY DATA ACQUISITION
The responsibility for air quality data acquisition during routine
operations, during an Episode Watch and during the Episode lies with the
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APCA. Upon initiation of an Episode Watch, the APCA will assume the
responsibility of collecting air monitoring data on an hourly basis.
5.2.1 Fairbanks-North Star Borough
In Fairbanks, the Downtown air quality monitoring site will be
designated for EMERGENCY Episode for both CO and Particulate sampling.
It consists of a CO non-dispersive infrared monitor and two tape samplers.
The monitoring site is located within a few blocks of the offices of
Fairbanks-North Star Borough. As a result the site can be manned within
minutes after an Episode Watch is declared. During routine operations the
CO monitor will be equipped with an internal audible alarm system to allow
for immediate detection of excessive CO concentrations. This will be
accomplished by a special arrangement between the Borough Air Pollution
Control Officer and the local fire station which will be the site of the
audible alarm.
During Episode Watch the tape samplers will be run in parallel,
each providing data for alternate 2 hour periods. The data will be
evaluated by the APCA using a spot evaluator. The high-vol air sampler,
also available at this station, will also be operated continuously for a
24-hour period.
5.2.2 Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
In Anchorage, EMERGENCY Episode conditions may arise for total
suspended particulates. The instrumentation used for initial Episode
Watch will be located at the Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
Laboratory and will consist of a tape sampler located at the City Fire
Station. During a meteorological advisory or on the basis of measured
poor air quality, the tape samplers will be alternately used to provide
data on two-hour intervals. The high-vol sampler, also available at this
station, will be operated continuously during the Episode.
5.2.3 Ketchikan
In Ketchikan, EMERGENCY Episode conditions may arise out of exces-
jlp i
5-2
sive SO emissions from the local pulp mill. A continuous flame
A
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photometric SC^ analyzer will be operated in the area and will be the
responsibility of the Regional Sanitarian. The DEC will arrange for an
internal audible alarm system whereby high SCL concentrations will be
immediately ascertained. Upon noting the alarm, the Sanitarian will
immediately notify the DEC in Juneau. Under Episode Watch conditions,
the DEC will receive data by telephone on an hourly basis. The other S02
bubblers located in the region, will start operation on a 24-hour basis
during Episode Watch.
5.3 DECLARATION OF EPISODE STAGES
The basis for Episode Stages declaration will first be evaluated by
the APCA in the region. After reviewing the meteorological advisory and/
or air quality data, the APCA will advise the appropriate authorities to
formally declare an Episode Stage.
The Announcement of an internal Episode Watch, and Public Declarations
of ALERT, WARNING Status, EMERGENCY Status and termination thereof shall
be made by the Governor of Alaska, the Commissioner of the Department of
Environmental Conservation or by the administrative officer of the local
air pollution control Authority in concurrence with the appropriate chief
executive officer of the jurisdiction in which episode conditions exist.
The declaration of Episode stages will be accomplished by a public
announcement declaration which will typically consist of text presented
in Figures 5-1 and 5-2. It will be the responsibility of the local APCA
to insure that the news media disseminate this information.
The authorities who will make Episode declarations are as follows:
Fairbanks North Star Borough
Pollution Control Office in conjunction with the Borough Chair-
man (the latter makes the announcement)
Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
Chairman of the Air Pollution Control Commission in conjunction
with the Borough Chairman (the latter makes announcement)
5-3
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Figure 5-1
PUBLIC DECLARATION
Episode Forecast
NEWS RELEASE
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
At (Time) , (Date) the National Weather Service Forecast
Office in Anchorage notified the Tri-Borough Air Resources Management
District that weather conditions consisting of high wind conditions are
developing in the Cook Inlet Area. Similar weather conditions are form-
ing over the Coast from Bristol Bay to Yakutat. These weather conditions
are expected to continue until late tomorrow (Date) and may result
in an increase in the levels of particulate matter in the air.
According to the project engineer at the Tri-Borough Air Resources
Management District there has been some increase in the levels of particu-
lates but the proportions of other contaminants have not reached a point
where calling of an air pollution alert is necessary or required.
It was also announced that an Emergency Control Center is being
placed on a 24-hour operational basis. In order to be fully cognizant of
the problems as they arise, the center will maintain a close watch on the
conditions and report to the public if there is need for any specific
activity.
Should conditions deteriorate, another statement will be released
within 24 hours.
5-4
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Figure 5-2
PUBLIC DECLARATION
Episode Forecast
NEWS RELEASE
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
At (Time) , (Date) the National Weather Service Forecast
Office in Fairbanks notified the Fairbanks-North Star Borough that weather
conditions consisting of high pressure and low wind speed are developing
in the Fairbanks-North Star area. Similar weather conditions are forming
over the rest of the Tanana Valley. These weather conditions are expected
to continue until late tomorrow (Date) and may result in an increase
in the levels of carbon monoxide.
According to the project engineer at the Fairbanks-North Star Borough
Offices there has been some increase in the levels of carbon monoxide but
the proportions of other contaminants have not reached a point where call-
in of an air pollution alert is necessary or required.
It was also announced that an Emergency Control Center has been
placed on a 24-hour operational basis. In order to be fully cognizant of
the problems as they arise, the center will maintain a close watch on-the
conditions and report to the public if there is need for any specific
activity.
Should conditions deteriorate, another statement will be released
within 24 hours.
5-5
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Southeastern Alaska (Ketchikan)
Department of Environmental Conservation
Juneau, Alaska in conjunction with the Chairman of Ketchikan
Borough (the latter releases the announcement)
5.4 EPISODE ACTION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
The Control Center for emergency action will be at the offices of
the appropriate Air Pollution Control Authority and all functions described
in the following paragraphs will either be performed or directed from
there.
The facility requirements will consist of office space and telephones
for up to seven individuals. Provision for displays of air quality data
should include charts and movable markers, preferably magnetic. During a
forecast stage or declared Episode Status, readings should be posted
every two hours. In order that observed concentrations can be compared
with base-line data, the latter should consist of daily high and low
readings for each pollutant for the preceding two weeks. Criteria levels
should be shown on the chart for each pollutant.
At the top of each chart there should be a removable large shingle on
which the word "ALERT", "WARNING", or "EMERGENCY", corresponding to the
declared Episode Status, appears in block letters that are at least three
inches high.
The wall display also should include a base map of the State of Alaska
or an appropriate enlarged map of the local Air Quality Control District
prominently showing all major point sources and monitoring sites. The map
should be mounted so that it can be overlaid with sheets of acetate or
similar material on which isopleths or other useful information may be
entered.
5.4.1 Partial Activation
As the APCA receives the National Weather Service advisory, it
formally documents the information in a format indicated in Figure 5-3.
5-6
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Figure 5-3
METEOROLOGICAL ADVISORY
National Weather Service Advisory:
Received by: Name_
Date Time
Areas Affected:
5-7
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It will immediately gather and activate a team of two individuals previ-
ously designated for this task. The Stet required for partial activation
are a Coordinator and an air quality monitor. These coordinators are
listed below.
1. Ketchikan Gateway Borough
Department of Environmental Conservation
- Air Quality Control Engineer
2. Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
- Project Engineer
3. Fairbanks-North Star Borough
- Pollution Control Officer
The Coordinator will perform, in the manner shown in Figure 5-4, the
following functions:
a. Verify air quality trends as provided by the Air Quality
Monitor.
b. Maintain contact with appropriate decision-makers including
offices of higher authority. Arrange for having telephone
lines open through the interface contact with public
safety listed in Section 6.5.
c. Disseminate notices on impending abatement action and
later, as required, convey formal notices for abatement
through the interface contact(s) listed in Section 6.2 and
record this action on Figure 5-5.
d. Keep news media fully informed of development through the
interface contact listed in Section 6.3.
e. Notify the Department of Environmental Conservation if
applicable through the interface contact listed in Section
6.4.
f. Notify the EPA through Region Office, and Anchorage Office
through interface contacts, listed in Section 6.6. Region
X will contact the EPA Emergency Operations Control Center
in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
The Coordinator will be assisted by another person designated as
the Air Quality Monitor responsible for manning the air sampling equip-
ment, acquiring, updating and analyzing the data and documenting relevant
data. He will enter these data in a format indicated 1n Figure 5-6. The
5-8
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EPISODE
DECLARING
AUTHORITY
NATIONAL
WEATHER
SERVICE
NEWS
MEDIA
COORDINATOR
en
i
vo
PUBLIC SAFETY
OFFICIALS
(POLICE)
AIR QUALITY
MONITOR
AIR
QUALITY
DATA
POINT
SOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
(IF APPLICABLE)
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
Figure 5-4. Episode Watch Organization
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Figure 5-5
COMMUNICATIONS CHECKLIST - Fairbanks-North Star Borough
EPISODE STAGE
CONTACT
Episode
Declared: Date
Golden Valley Electric
(Superintendent of
Power Plant)
Fairbanks Municipal
Utilities
(Superintendent of
Power Plant)
TELEPHONE
NUMBER
454-1151
Ext. 259
456-6678
Notifications
Time •
CALLED BY
(initials) TIME
INDIVIDUAL
CONTACTED
5-10
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Coordinator will obtain all necessary approvals for Figures 5-7 through
5-10.
5.4.2 Full Activation
The APCA will utilize personnel in addition to those described
above to fully activate Emergency Episode operations. Personnel from
various areas within the Department of Environmental Conservation,
Anchorage Borough, and Fairbanks Borough or the University of Alaska
should be contacted for assistance, as required. The additional personnel,
performing in a mode presented in Figure 5-11, will consist of the follow-
ing:
1. A Meteorologist to interpret weather data
2. An attorney experienced in legal aspects of air pollution
abatement
3. A transportation specialist, principally to handle problems
relating to curtailment or cessation of private automobile
and truck traffic and interface with police enforcement
of all abatement action through interface, listed in
Section 6.5. It will be the responsibility of the local
public safety agencies to enforce and implement emission
abatement plans as defined in paragraphs 4.2.1.1, 4.2.2.1,
4.2.3.1, 4.3.1.1, 4.3.2.1 and 4.3.3.1. The exact
definition of the actions to be taken will be reported
in detail in the first semi-annual report.
4. A public information specialist to disseminate announce-
ments to the public and the media relieving the Coordinator
of this duty.
5. A senior clerk to assist the Air Quality Monitor to
collect, store and file all forms and data.
5.4.3 Termination
Upon declaration of Episode Termination, the Emergency Control
Center shall revert from Full Activation to Partial Activation for a
period of two (2) hours, and then to the Routine Surveillance Mode. This
transition to deactivation will provide time for a quick review and
assessment of the event and check on all reports and data that may be
need for an after-action report and other purposes.
5-11
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Figure 5-6. Air Quality Data: Activation Mode
Station:
Date: Time:
Reported by:_
Received by:
Time Period Reported: to
Particulate SO, CO
3
Date Time COHS yg/m ppm ppm
1200-1400
1400-1600
1600-1800
1800-2000
2000-2200
2200-2400
0000-0200
0200-0400
0400-0600
0600-0800
0800-1000
1000-1200
5-12
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Figure 5-7
WATCH Declaration Sheet
Area Affected:
Prior Level:
Pollutant(s):
Air Quality Data Summary:
Meteorological Summary:
Other:
WATCH
Conditions Met: Date
WATCH
Authorized:
Date
BY:
to be in effect until:
Time
Time
(Signed)
SURVEILLANCE
or ALERT Declared: Date
5-13
Time
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Figure 5-8
Prior Level:
ALERT Declaration Sheet
Area Affected:
Watch
Pollutant(s): Particulate
Warning
SO,
CO
Air Quality Data Summary:
Meteorological Summary:
Other:
ALERT
Conditions Met: Date
ALERT
Authorized: Date
BY:
Time
Time
(Signed)
To be in effect until
WATCH
or WARNING
Declared: Date
5-14
Time
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Prior Level:
Pollutant(s):
Figure 5-9
WARNING Declaration Sheet
Area Affected:
Alert
Participate
Air Quality Data Summary:
Emergency
CO
Meteorological Summary:
Other:
WARNING
Conditions Met: Date:
By:
To be in effect until:
Time
(Signed)
ALERT
or EMERGENCY
Declared: Date
Time
5-15
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Figure 5-10
EMERGENCY Declaration Sheet
Area Affected:
Polliitant(s):
Participate
Air Quality Data Summary:
SO,
CO
Meteorological Summary:
Other:
EMERGENCY
Conditions Met:
EMERGENCY
Authorized:
BY:
Date
Date
Time
Time
Approved: Governor, State of Alaska
Date Time By
To be in effect until
(Signed)
(Signed)
WARNING
Declared: Date
Time
5-16
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I
-g
ATTORNEY
NATIONAL
WEATHER
SERVICE
METEOROLOGIST
EPISODE
DECLARING
AUTHORITY
COORDINATOR
AIR
QUALITY
MONITOR
V DATA I
PUBLIC
INFORMATION
SPECIALIST
TRANSPORTATION
SPECIALIST
DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
(IF APPLICABLE)
POINT
SOURCES
NEWS
MEDIA
PUBLIC SAFETY
-H OFFICIALS
(POLICE)
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
Figure 5-11. Emergency Episode Action Organization
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5.5 SOURCE SURVEILLANCE
All major sources operating under emission curtailment plans will be
periodically (at least every 24-hours) visited by a member of the appropri-
ate APCA. In the case of curtailment of motor vehicle traffic, the local
police agencies will perform the enforcement function. During full
activation the transportation expert on the Control Center staff will
maintain close contact with the police field enforcement personnel.
5-18
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6.0 ORGANIZATIONAL INTERFACES/COMMUNICATIONS
The following communication interfaces will exist between organiza-
tions during an Emergency Episode:
APCA - National Weather Service
APCA - Point Sources (Fairbanks, Anchorage, and Ketchikan)
APCA - News Media
APCA - State of Alaska
APCA - Local Public Safety Organization
State of Alaska - Environmental Protection Agency, Region X
offices and the EOCC in Research Triangle,
N.C.
APCA - Local Telephone Company
6.1 NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
The following offices are sources for meteorological data.
• Fairbanks-North Star Borough
The National Weather Service
Chief Meterologist, Telephone 452-3553
• Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
The National Weather Service - Anchorage
Fire Weather Supervisor, Telephone 272-5561 X-735
• State of Alaska
The National Weather Service - Annette Island
Meteorologist-in-charge, Telephone 882-3241
6.2 POINT SOURCES
The following people have been designated as the contacts for point
source curtailment:
• Fairbanks-North Star Borough
a. Golden Valley Electric
Illinois Street Plant
Superintendent of the Power Plant
Telephone 452-1151 X-259
6-1
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b. Fairbanks Municipal Utilities
Superintendent of the Power Plant
Telephone 456-6678
c. Fort Wainwright
Telephone
d. University of Alaska
Air Quality Control Engineer --
Dept. of Environmental Conservation
Fairbanks
Telephone 479-7351
e. Fairbanks Municipal Airport
Manager
Telephone 452-2151
f. Metro Field
Airport Manager
Telephone 452-3209
Southeastern Alaska
a. Ketchikan Pulp Mill - Ketchikan
Operational Interface
Telephone 225-2151
6.3 NEWS MEDIA
• Fairbanks-North Star Borough
Mr. Kear
Telephone 452-7125
• Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
Public Relations
Telephone 279-8686 X-316
• Juneau
Department of Environmental Conservation
Scientific Information Officer
Telephone 586-6721
6.4 STATE OF ALASKA
Department of Environmental Conservation
State of Alaska
Air Pollution Control Engineer
Telephone 586-6721
6-2
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6.5 PUBLIC SAFETY ORGANIZATIONS
• Fairbanks
Civil Defense Director
Telephone 452-1529
• Tri-Borough Air Resources Management District
Emergency Disaster Office -- Anchorage
Duty Officer
Telephone 272-0594
• Ketchikan Gateway Borough
Civil Defense Director/City Manager
Telephone 225-3111
6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
• Anchorage Office
Federal Facilities Coordinator
Telephone 272-5561
0 Environmental Protection Agency
Region X
Seattle* Washington
Director of Air Pollution Control
Telephone 442-1226 Area Code 206
• Environmental Protection Agency
Emergency Operations Control Center
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Telephone 688-8110 Area Code 919
6-3
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