PB98-964013
EPA 541-R98-059
October 1998
EPA Superfund
Record of Decision:
Savannah River Site (USDOE)
Fire Dept. Hose Training Facility
Aiken, SC
8/4/1998
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United States Department of Energy
Savannah River Site
Record of Decision
i
*
Remedial Alternative Selection for the
Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
April 1998
Westinghouse Savannah River Company
Savannah River Site
Aiken, SC 29808
Prepared for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC09-V6-SR18500 SAVANNAH nvti *ut
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (V)
Savannah River Site^April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Disclaimer
Printed in the United States of America
Prepared for
U. S. Department of Energy
and
Westinghouse Savannah River Company
Aiken, South Carolina
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision I
Savannah River Site, April 1998
RECORD OF DECISION
REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVE SELECTION
FOR THE FIRE DEPARTMENT HOSE TRAINING FACILITY (904-113G)
OPERABLE UNIT (U)
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
April 1998
Savannah River Site
Aiken, South Carolina
Prepared by:
Westinghouse Savannah River Company
for the
U. S. Department of Energy Under Contract DE-AC09-96SR18500
Savannah River Operations Office
Aiken, South Carolina
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision t
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Declaration 1
DECLARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION
Unit Name and Location
Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Savannah River Site
Aiken, South Carolina
The Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) (FDHTF) Operable Unit is listed as a
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 3004(u) solid waste management
unit/Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
unit in Appendix C of the Federal Facility Agreement (FFA) for the Savannah River Site
(SRS).
Statement of Basis and Purpose
This decision document presents the selected remedial alternative for the FDHTF located at
the SRS in Aiken, South Carolina. The selected alternative was developed in accordance with
«
RCRA, CERCLA, as amended, and to the extent practicable, the National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan. This decision is based on the Administrative Record
File for this specific RCRA/CERCLA unit.
Description of the Selected Remedy
The selected remedy for FDHTF is No Action. The previous soil removal activities
conducted outside of CERCLA at the FDHTF have eliminated the need to perform additional
remedial action. Other remedial alternatives for this unit were not considered because the
Baseline Risk Assessment (BRA) showed that all of the constituents of concern (COCs) were
eliminated because the risks indicated for the site were not attributed to activities performed at
the FDHTF.
The risk levels developed in the BRA considered both the future residential and future
industrial use scenarios. The uncertainty analysis performed in the BRA eliminated all human
health and ecological COCs which meant that no remedial goal options (RGOs) were
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Record of Decision for the Tire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah Riw Site. April 1998 Declaration 2
developed. There will be no post-Record of Decision documents since No Action is the
preferred alternative for the FDHTF operable unit. The South Carolina Department of Health
and Environmental Control has modified the SRS RCRA permit to incorporate No Action as
the selected remedy.
Declaration Statement
Based qn the FDHTF RCRA Facility Investigation/Remedial Investigation (RFI/RI) Report
and the Baseline Risk Assessment, no action is necessary at the FDHTF to ensure the
protection of human health and the environment. Since the FDHTF poses no risk to human
health and the environment, and no action is needed, the CERCLA Section 121 requirements
are not applicable. The selected remedy is protective of human health and the environment,
complies with Federal and State requirements that are legally applicable or relevant and
appropriate to the remedial action, and is meant to be a permanent solution, final action, for
the FDHTF operable unit.
Section 300.430(f)(ii) of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency
Plan requires that Five-Year Review of Record of Decision be performed if hazardous"
substances, pollutants, or contaminants remain at the unit. The three Parties have determined
that a Five-Year Review of Record of Decision for the FDHTF operable unit will not be
performed. The remedial action for this unit (No Action) results in no hazardous substances,
pollutants, or contaminants remaining in the soils of the FDHTF operable unit.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Declaration 3
Date Thomas F. Heenan
Assistant Manager for Environmental Quality
U. S. Department of Energy, Savannah River Operations Office
V
Date Richard D. Green
Acting Division Director
Waste Management Division
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency - Region IV
Date R. Lewis Shaw
Deputy Commissioner
Environmental Quality Control
South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) \VSRC-RP-97-I71
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Declaration 4
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DECISION SUMMARY
REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVE SELECTION
FOR THE FIRE DEPARTMENT HOSE TRAINING FACILITY (904-113G)
OPERABLE UNIT (U)
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
April 1998
Savannah River Site
Aiken, South Carolina
Prepared by:
Westinghouse Savannah River Company
for the
U. S. Department of Energy Under Contract DE-AC09-96SR18500
Savannah River Operations Office
Aiken, South Carolina
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page i of v
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site, April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision I
Page iii of v
LIST OF TABLES
Unit Specific Background Soil Concentrations at the Fire Department Hose
Training Facility 13
Unit Specific Background Soil Concentrations at the Fire Department Hose
Training Facility (Continued) 14
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from 0 to I ft
Deep from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility 15
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from 0 to 1 ft
Deep from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (Continued) 16
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from 0 to 4 ft
Deep from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility 17
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from 0 to 4 ft
Deep from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (Continued) 18
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from > 4 ft Deep
from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility 19
Summary Statistics for Analytes Detected in Soil Samples from > 4 ft Deep
from the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (Continued) 20
RME Risk Characterization Summary: FDHTF Surface Soil (0 to 1 foot) 27
Table 1.
Table 1.
Table 2.
i
i
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
RME Risk Characterization Summary: FDHTF Subsurface Soil (0 to 4
foot) 28
RME Risk Characterization Summary: FDHTF Background Surface Soil
(Oto 1 foot) 29
RME Risk Characterization Summary: FDHTF Background Subsurface
Soil (0 to 4 foot) 30
Health-Based COCs for Soil and Produce Fire Department Hose Training
Facility 31
Summary Statistics for Soil Background Concentrations from 0 to 1 ft in
the FDHTF 36
Summary Statistics for Soil Background Concentrations from 0 to 4 ft in
the FDHTF 37
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site. April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Page iv of v
Acronyms
BRA Baseline Risk Assessment
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act
COC Constituent of Concern
COPC Constituent of Potential Concern
DOE U. S. Department of Energy
ELCR Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
FDHTF Fire Department Hose Training Facility (940-113G)
FFA Federal Facility Agreement
HI Hazard Index
HQ Hazard Quotient
PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RfD Reference Dose
RFI/RI RCRA Facility Investigation/Remedial Investigation
RGO Remedial Goal Option
RME Reasonable Maximum Exposure
ROD Record of Decision
SCDHEC South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
SCHWMR South Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Regulations
SRS Savannah River Site
SVOC Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds
SWMU Solid Waste Management Unit
TPH Total recoverable Petroleum Hydrocarbon
USC Unit Specific Constituents
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
WSRC Westinghouse Savannah River Company
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Record of Decision for the fin Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision I
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page v of v
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 1 of 42
I. SITE AND OPERABLE UNIT NAME, LOCATION, AND
DESCRIPTION
Savannah River Site (SRS) occupies approximately 800 square kilometers (310 square miles)
of land adjacent to the Savannah River, principally in Aiken and Barnwell counties of South
Carolina. SRS is a secured U.S. Government facility with no permanent residents. SRS is
located approximately 40 kilometers (25 miles) southeast of Augusta, Georgia, and 32
kilometers (20 miles) south of Aiken, South Carolina.
SRS is owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Management and operating services
are provided by Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC). SRS has historically
produced tritium, plutonium, and other special nuclear materials for national defense.
The Fire Department Hose Training Facility (940-113G) (FDHTF) is located approximately
200 m (700 ft) northeast of the intersection of Roads C and 6 and approximately 6 m (20 ft)
west and downgradient of a heat exchanger storage pad (Laydown Area, 745-N) (Figures 1
and 2). The FDHTF is a source control and groundwater operable unit which is included in
the Fourmile Branch watershed (Figure 3). The FFA lists FDHTF as a RCRA/CERCLA unit,-
requiring evaluation using an investigation/assessment process that integrates and combines
the RFT process with the CERCLA Remedial Investigation (RJ) to determine the actual or
potential impact to human health and the environment.
II. OPERABLE UNIT HISTORY AND COMPLIANCE
HISTORY
Operable Unit History
The FDHTF was built between 1975 and March 1979 and operated by the SRS Fire
Department between 1979 and 1982 to train personnel in fighting waste oil fires. The training
facility consisted of an approximately 6 by 12 m (20 by 40 ft) unlined shallow pit surrounded
by an approximately 0.5 m (1.5 ft) high asphalt dike. Training exercises typically included
pouring burnable oil into the unit, igniting the oil, and then having the fire department
extinguish the fire with water from fire hydrants located adjacent to the unit. No known
hazardous wastes were placed in the unit.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site, April 1998 '
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Page 2 of<2
Figure 1. Location of FDHTF at the Savannah River Site
FIRE DBPARTUENT
HOSE TRAINING
FACILITY
(904-113G)
SR3
(U)
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site. April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Page 3 of 42
Figure 2. Location of FDHTF in the Central Shops Area of SRS
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N61800
N60800 -
N59800
FI
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WASTE UNIT
\
FIRE DEPARTMENT Mi
HOSE TRAINING FACILIW
-1
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UPPER
THREE
RUNS
UPPER
THREE
RUNS
Fire Department
Hose Training Facility
(904-1130) J
POUR
MlLB
BRANCH
SAVANNAH
RIVER
FLOOD PLAIN
SWAMP
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FOUR MILE BRANCH WATERSHED
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 5 of 42
The SRS Fire Department discontinued use of the FDHTF and recommended the facility for
cleanup and closure in March 1982. Available documentation indicates cleanup activities
occurred on November 21, 1982 during which 14 loads of oil-contaminated soil were
excavated from an area approximately 6 by 6 by 1 m (20 by 20 by 3 ft) and transported to the
sanitary landfill. The date of this cleanup activity could not be verified, however, an aerial
photograph from 1983 shows the FDHTF still present. An additional aerial photograph from
June 1984 shows the FDHTF pit had been removed and the area excavated. The excavated
area is approximately 10 to 12 m (30 to 40 ft) wide by 15 to 18 m (50 to 60 ft) long and the
pit dikes and visible contaminated soils are removed. An additional area 3 to 5 m (10 to 15 ft)
wide by 10 to 12m (30 to 40 ft) long, visible on the north side of the main excavation, is
either an additional remediated area, a pile of the excavated material, or material intended for
backfill. The photographs indicate that either existing documentation is incorrect (11/21/82 is
actually 11/21/83) or that a more extensive excavation took place between July 1983 and June
1984. Subsequent inspections during 1985 indicated that an additional area approximately 1m
by 1 m (3 by 3 ft), of visibly contaminated soil was placed here from an unknown source.
This area was also excavated to a depth of approximately 0.6 m (2 ft) and the soil removed
from the site in a manner similar to the 1982/84 cleanup activities.
SRS Compliance History
At SRS, waste materials regulated under RCRA are managed in accordance with the
requirements of RCRA. Certain SRS activities have required treatment, storage, disposal or
post-closure permits under RCRA. Non-regulated units, called solid waste management units
(SWMU), include any activity where hazardous constituents may remain uncontrolled and
may potentially release to the environment. Investigation and potential corrective action tor
these SWMU(s) are mandated under RCRA 3004(u). On September 5, 1995, SRS received a
hazardous waste permit from SCDHEC which includes corrective action requirements
Specifically, pan V of the permit mandates that SRS establish and implement a RCRA Facility
Investigation (RFI) Program to fulfill the requirements specified in Section 3004(u) of RCRA.
Hazardous substance, as defined by CERCLA, are also present in the environment at the SRS.
On December 21, 1989, SRS was included on the National Priorities List. This inclusion
created a need to integrate the established RFI Program with CERCLA requirements to
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Record of Decision for the Tire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 6 of 42
provide for a focused environmental program. In accordance with Section 120 of CERCLA,
DOE has negotiated a Federal Facility Agreement (FFA, 1993) with the EPA and SCDHEC
to coordinate remedial activities at SRS into one comprehensive strategy which fulfills these
dual regulatory requirements.
The RFI/RI/BRA for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) was completed
in 1997. The results of this report indicate that there is no impact (or potential impact) to
human health or the environment from the FDHTF. The previous soil removal activities at the
FDHTF have eliminated the need to perform additional remedial action. Therefore, No
Action is warranted. No other alternatives were considered.
According to EPA guidance, if there is no current or potential threat to human health and the
environment and No Action is warranted, the CERCLA 121 requirements are not triggered.
This means that there is no need to evaluate other alternatives or the No Action alternative
against the nine criteria specified under CERCLA.
The remedy selected satisfies both the CERCLA and RCRA 3004(u) requirements. The
SCDHEC has modified the SRS RCRA permit to incorporate the selected remedy.
III. HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Both RCRA and CERCLA require that the public be given an opportunity to review and
comment on the draft permit modification and proposed remedial alternative. Public
participation requirements are listed in South Carolina Hazardous Waste Management
Regulation (SCHWMR) R.61-79.124 and Sections 113 and 117 of CERCLA. These
requirements include establishment of an Administrative Record File that documents the
investigation and selection of the remedial alternatives for addressing the FDHTF soils and
groundwater. The Administrative Record File must be established at or near the facility at
issue. The SRS Public Involvement Plan (DOE, 1994) is designed to facilitate public
involvement in the decision-making process for permitting, closure, and the selection of
remedial alternatives. The SRS Public Involvement Plan addresses the requirements of
RCRA, CERCLA, and the National Environmental Policy Act. SCHWMR R.61-79.124 and
Section 117(a) of CERCLA, as amended, required the advertisement of the draft permit
modification and notice of any proposed remedial action and provided the public an
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 7 of 42
opportunity to participate in the selection of the remedial action. The Statement of
Basis/Proposed Plan for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (940-1UG) (WSRC.
1997b), which is part of the Administrative Record File, highlights key aspects of the
investigation and identifies the preferred action for addressing the FDHTF.
The FFA Administrative Record File, which contains the information pertaining to the
selection of the response action, is available at the EPA office and at the following locations:
U. S. Department of Energy Asa H. Gordon Library
Public Reading Room Savannah State University
Gregg-Graniteville Library Tompkins Road
University of South Carolina-Aiken Savannah, Georgia 31404
171 University Parkway (912) 356-2183
Aiken, South Carolina 29801
(803)641-3465
Thomas Cooper Library Reese Library
Government Documents Department Augusta State University
University of South Carolina 2500 Walton Way
Columbia, South Carolina 29208 Augusta, Georgia 30910
(803)777-4866 (706)737-1744
The public was notified of the public comment period through mailings of the SRS
Environmental Bulletin, a newsletter sent to approximately 3500 citizens in South Carolina
and Georgia, through notices in the Aiken Standard, the Allendale Citizen Leader, the
Augusta Chronicle, the Barnwell People-Sentinel, and The State newspapers. The public
comment period was also announced on local radio stations.
The 45-day public comment period for the SB/PP and the draft RCRA permit modification
began on December 10, 1997 and ended on January 23, 1998. No comments from the public
were received during this period. Therefore, a Responsiveness Summary will not be required
as part of Appendix A of this Record of Decision.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-J71
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 8 of 42
IV. SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT WITHIN THE
SITE STRATEGY
The overall strategy for addressing the FDHTF was to: (1) characterize the waste unit by
delineating the nature and extent of contamination and identifying the media of concern
(perform the RFI/RI); (2) perform a baseline risk assessment to evaluate media of concern,
COCs, exposure pathways, and characterize potential risks; and (3) evaluate and perform a
final action to remediate, as needed, the identified media of concern.
The FDHTF is a source control and groundwater operable unit which is included in the
Fourmile Branch watershed. There are no surface waters present near the unit, but a small
wet weather conveyance northwest of the unit runs in a northerly direction. An unnamed
tributary of Fourmile Branch is located approximately 460 m (1,500 ft) to the north, northeast
of the FDHTF.
The SRS has recently concluded a surface and subsurface soil investigation at the FDHTF.
Based upon preliminary characterization results, SCDHEC and EPA concurred with DOE's
proposal to separate the operable unit into two operable units (i.e., the Ford Building Waste
Site and the Fire Department Hose Training Facility). SCDHEC and EPA also agreed that the
investigation at the FDHTF adequately characterized contamination within that unit and along
potential migration pathways. This ROD will propose a final remedial action for the operable
unit at the FDHTF.
V. SUMMARY OF OPERABLE UNIT CHARACTERISTICS
Media Assessment
The soil and groundwater sampling activities conducted in 1996 at the FDHTF and
background locations (Figure 4) provided data on the types and extent of constituents present
and supplemented soil gas surveys conducted in 1986 and 1992. The primary source of
contamination at the FDHTF would be the soil impacted by oils and associated fuels burned at
the facility. This soil was removed during 1982/84 cleanup activities.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page I Oof 42
A Conceptual Site Model was prepared which shows the potential human health and
ecological receptors and exposure pathways to assist in determining what -samples were
needed during characterization. This Conceptual Site Model is shown in Figure 5.
During the 1996 site characterization the surface soil was sampled from 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft)
and subsurface soil in the interval from 0 to 1.2 m (0 to 4 ft) at 5 locations in the FDHTF.
Samples received analysis for a full analytical suite: metals/inorganics, volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and pesticides/
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)/dioxins and furans. Past records and activities did not
indication that radionuclides had ever been disposed of at the FDHTF, so samples were only
tested for radionuclide indicators and were not speciated. Manganese and two SVOCs,
benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(g,h,i)perylene, were identified as unit specific constituents (USCs)
in the surface soil (0-1 ft). No VOCs, pesticides, PCBs, dioxins, furans or radionuclides were
identified as USCs for surface soils (0-1').
Eight metals were identified as USCs in the subsurface soil (0-4 ft): aluminum, arsenic,
beryllium, chromium, iron, manganese, sodium, and vanadium. Two SVOCs, benzo(a)pyrene
and benzo(g,h,i)perylene, were identified as USCs in the subsurface soil. The SVOCs were
not detected deeper than 0.3 m (1.0 ft). No VOCs, pesticides, PCBs, dioxins, furans or
radionuclides were identified as USCs for subsurface soils.
Seven metals were identified as USCs in the deep soil (1.2 to 4.0 m [4 to 13 ft]): aluminum,
arsenic, beryllium, chromium, iron, sodium, and vanadium. No VOCs, SVOCs, pesticides,
PCBs, dioxins, furans or radionuclides were identified as USCs for the deep soils at FDHTF
Tables 1 through 4 summarize the contaminants found in the background, 0-1 ft deep, 0-4 ti
deep, and > 4 ft deep soil samples.
The historical groundwater monitoring data has resulted in an analytical suite refined to
aluminum and total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). No TPHs have been
detected during the periodic monitoring program, so groundwater sampling was not
conducted in the 1996 investigation.
The groundwater migration pathway evaluation determined that no constituents are present in the
soil in quantities sufficient to migrate through the soil to cause concentrations above acceptable
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision I
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 11 of 42
levels. Previous groundwater monitoring data do not indicate that the groundwater has been
impacted by the FDHTF or any other source of contaminants. The constituents-present in the
soil of the FDHTF at concentrations above two times their average background concentration
were screened against EPA generic soil screening levels using a dilution attenuation factor
(DAF) of 20 to identify those which would require vadose zone transport modeling. The use
of the generic DAF of 20 is based on the unit source being less than 0.5 acres and the fact that
the groundwater is not near the surface (i.e., depth to groundwater is approximately 50 feet).
No constituent is present in the FDHTF soiJ at an average concentration exceeding its generic
screening level with a DAF of 20.
The results of the FDHTF characterization study are summarized in Tables 1 through 4.
Table 1 lists the data for the background soil samples. Tables 2 through 4 contain the data for
the 0 to 1 ft, 0 to 4 ft, and greater than 4 ft deep soil intervals, respectively.
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PRIMARY
SOURCE
PRIMARY
RELEASE
MECHANISM
SECONDARY
SOURCE
SECONDARY
RELEASE
MECHANISM
PATHWAY
EXPOSURE
ROUTE
POTENTIAL RECEPTORS
KNOWN
On- Unit
Worker
HYPOTHETICAL
Induilrtol
Worker
On-Unll
RetMtnt
ECOLOGICAL
Tcrmlrul
Aquatic
Surface
Soil
1
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-H
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SoU
*
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-*
H
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-^
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-
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Air (Dull)
| Surface Soil
^M Subsurface Soil
-*i Inh^ition
o
[-H InhilMion
h
o
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Dermal Contact
o
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Dermal Contact
0
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Ground witcr
»
Inhalation
Dermal Contact
LEfiEJSC
_«,. < Pithwiyi. current, hiilorical. and future
0 > Principal paihwayi for quantitative evaluation
Paihwayi for qualitative evaluation
Incomplete paihwayi
Note: Since no COCi ire idtnlified for
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Record of Decision for the Tire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (D)
Savannah River Site, April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Page 13 of 42
Table 1. Unit Specific Background Soil Concentrations at the Fire Department
Hose Training Facility -
Analyte (Units)
Metals/Inorganics
(mg/kg)
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
SVOCs (ug/kg)
Di-n-octyl phthalate
Phenol
Surface Bkgd
(0-1 ft)
6300
0.663
3.26
12.9
0.103
0.27
155
14.2
0.512
11.2
0.16
11200
7.68
78.7
21.7
0.0435
1.94
71
ND
35.2
30.4
6.28
ND
ND
2X
Surface
Bked
12600
1.33
6.52
25.8
0.206
0.54
310
28.4
1.02
22.4
0.32
22400
15.4
157
43.4
0.087
3.88
142
ND
70.4
60.8
12.6
ND
ND
Subsurface Bkgd
(0-4 ft)
5890
0.579
2.87
13.3
0.0972
0.307
152
12.5
0.49
6.95
0.183
10500
6.04
79.4
19.7
0.0412
1.66
69.1
0.489
29.8
27.2
4.52
ND
ND
2X Subsurface
Bkgd
11800
1.16
5.74
26.6
0.194
0.614
304
25
0.98
13.9
0.366
21000
12.1
159
39.4
0.0824
3.32
138
0.978
59.6
54.4
9.04
ND
ND
Deep Soil
Bkgd
(>4ft)
4700
0.801
3.52
5.73
0.0754
0.64
88.4
15.9
0.232
4.15
0.181
18200
6.38
74.3
2.42
0.035
0.844
48.1
1.74
29.9
67.7
2.17
229
44.9
2X
Deep Bkgd
9400
1.6
7.04
11.5
0.151
1.28
177
31.8
0.464
8.3
0.362
36400
12.8
149
4.84
0.07
1.69
96.2
3.48
59.8
135
4.34
458
89.8
The background concentration is the mean of all results above the detection limit for samples from stations FBFDB-
01. FBFDB-02, FBFDB-03. FDFDB-04 and FBFDB-05. "ND" indicates that the analyte was not detected in any
background samples in that depth interval.
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site, April 1998
WSRC-RP-97.I7I
Revision I
Page 14 of 42
Table 1. Unit Specific Background Soil Concentrations at the Fire Department
Hose Training Facility (Continued) _
Analyte (Units)
Radionuciides (pCi/g)
Aciinium-228
Americium-241
Antimony-t24
Aniimony-125
Barium- 133
Cesium- 134
Cesium- 137
Cobalt-60
Europium- 152
Europium- 155
Gross Alpha
Iodine- 129
Lead-212
rianganese-54
Neptunium-239
Non-volatile Beta
Plutonium-238
>otassium-40
>romethium-146
Promethium-147
^adium-226
Rsdium-228
Ruthenium- 106
Strontium-90
rechnetium-99
rhorium-228
rhorium-232
rhorium-234
Fin-113
Uranium-235
Yuriunv88
Zinc-65
Surface Bkgd
(0-1 ft)
1.07
0.865
0.06
ND
ND
ND
0.175
ND
0.33
0.263
14.7
5.05
1.47
ND
ND
14.6
0.32
1.16
ND
ND
0.22
1.69
ND
ND
0.215
1.44
0.967
1.49
ND
ND
ND
ND
2X
Surface Bkgd
2.14
1.73
0.12
ND
ND
ND
0.35
ND
0.66
0.526
29.4
10.1
2.94
ND
ND
29.2
0.64
2.32
ND
ND
0.44
3.38
ND
ND
0.43
2.88
1.93
2.98
ND
ND
ND
ND
Subsurface
Bkgd
(0-4 ft)
1.14
0.795
0.06
ND
ND
ND
0.175
0.06
0.34
0.377
16.7
5.05
1.48
ND
ND
13.7
0.23
1.26
ND
ND
0.273
1.36
ND
0.47
0.148
1.37
1.08
1.35
ND
0.13
0.05
ND
2X
Subsurface
Bkgd
2.28
1.59
0.12
ND
ND
ND
0.35
0.12
0.68
0.754
33.4
10.1
2.96
ND
ND
27.4
0.46
2.52
ND
ND
0.546
2.72
ND
0.94
0.296
2.74
2.16
2.7
ND
0.26
O.I
ND
Deep
Bkgd
(>4ft)
1.28
0.842
ND
0.15
0.07
0.06
ND
ND
0.302
0.253
18.1
ND
1.55
0.06
0.87
16.9
0.295
1.65
0.05
1.12
0.257
2.83
2.1
0.78
0.176
1.56
1.45
1.63
0.08
0.14
ND
0.08
2X
Deep Bkgd
2.56
1.68
ND
0.3
0.14
0.12
ND
ND
0.604
0.506
36.2
ND
3.1
0.12
1*74
33.8
0.59
3.3
O.I
2.24
0.514
5.66
4.2
1.56
0.352
3.12
2.9
3.26
0.16
0.28
ND
0.16
The background concentration is the mean of all results above the detection limit for samples from stations FBFDB-
01. FBFDB^)2. FBFDB-03. FDFDB-04 and FBFDB-05. "ND" indicates that the analyte was not detected in any
background samples in that depth interval.
-------
Analyte (Units)
Freq. of
Detection
Metals/Inorganics (mg/kg)
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Rcryllium
Cndmium
Calcium
Climmium
Cohnli
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
Lead
M.ipncsium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
.Srxlmm
!\'.inadium
I/IIK-
5/5
1/5
4/5
5/5
3/5
3/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
4/5
1/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
1/5
5/5
5/5
3/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
Minimum
Detected
1670
0.556
1.2
9
0.0558
0.051
78.8
2.5
0.405
4.3
0.091
1480
4.7
41.9
28
0.03
0.74
54.8
0.267
33.5
3.6
2.5
Mean
Result
3690
1.58
3.01
13.5
0.0719
0.0847
156
9.02
0.61
4.12
0.338
6820
9.58
72
37.1
0.0607
1.73
74.3
0.715
54.9
17
10.7
Maximum
Detected
5110
0.556
3.7
19.4
0.107
0.119
302
15
0.822
5.2
0.091
11100
12.9
93.6
65.3
0.03
3.3
90.3
1.9
69.1
29.9
22.8
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
7800
3.1
0.43
550
0.15
3.9
1000000
39
470
310
160
2300
40
1000000
39
.0.78
160
393273
39
NA
55
2300
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
YES
YES
2X Bkgd
12600
1.33
6.52
25.8
0.206
0.54
310
28.4
1.02
22.4
0.32
22400
15.4
157
43.4
0.087
3.88
142
ND
70.4
60.8
12.6
Maximum
Detect
> 2X Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
Unit
Specific
Contaminant
YES
o cpi
* i
"2, I
3 S
3 ^
f!
3 8
O ,
« O^
a i
to ^
3 §
rt ^
*+ J?
li
H n
i. i
5' 5'
« W
S -
£: V
sr g
o_
?T
Ir
3
o
1 I
I f
3
s
H
5'
O
7
g
-------
Analyte (Units)
SVOCs(^ig^g)
Dcnzo(a)anthrace
ne
BenzcXaJpyrene
Benzo(b)(luorant
icne
Benzo(g,h,i)peryl
cne
Benzo(k)nuorant
hene
Benzoic acid
Bis(2-ethylhcxyl)
phihalate
Chrysenc
Fluoranthene
IndencK 1,2,3-
c,d)pyrene
Pyrene
VOCs (nfi/kg)
Dichloromeihanc
(methylene
chloride)
Toluene
Freq. of
Detection
1/5
1/5
1 /5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
1/5
Minimum
Detected
94.6
144
317
121
219
60.3
465
180
112
125
99.8
6.84
2.36
Mean
Result
296
306
340
301
321
1390
233
313
299
302
297
4.7
2.57
Maximum
Detected
94.6
144
317
121
219
60.3
465
180
112
125
99.8
6.84
2.36
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
880
88
880
NA
8800
31000000
46000
88000
310000
880
230000
85000
1600000
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
2X Bkgd
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
Detect
> 2X Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit x
Specific V
Contaminant
YES
YES
' Mean includes all results with no detects set to one half the sample quantnaiion limit except for radinnuclides which were included at the full reported value.
ND indicates an analyte that was not detected in the background samples for this depth class.
NA mrtir.iie< an analyte that does not have a human health screening criteria
K>
?£
»l
O "I
3 ^
~ (/}
^ I
""J 5!'
£?
D -,
ft c?
o t
M s.
S5
o D
s »
H 8
I H
3' 3'
00
en
fi) K
I cn
c M
^1
o K
'5 o
I!
S?ojB
il*
iia
|»o
If*
> *
i *
i ?
s ;
X
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73
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2 50 50
sJ2
**2
-------
; Analyte (Units)
1
1 Metals/Inorganics
ii (mg/kg)
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
I3arium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
1 Vanadium
! Zinc
Freq. of
Detection
10/10
3/ 10
9/10
10/10
8/10
7/10
10/10
10/10
10/10
7/10
2/10
10/10
10/10
10/10
10/10
3/10
10/10
10/10
1/10
4/10
10/10
10/10
10/10
Minimum
Detected
1670
0.549
1.2
9
0.0558
0.051
78.1
2.5
0.405
4.3
0.091
1480
3.8
41.9
8
0.02
0.74
54.8
2.1
0.11
25.9
3.6
2.5
Average
Result
5730
1.56
3.4
19.5
0.104
0.165
247
14.3
0.699
4.25
0.365
12600
8.07
117
31.2
0.0594
1.98
109
5.28
0.583
58.8
27.9
7.35
Maximum
Detected
12500
1.4
7.3
41
0.201
0.638
735
45.8
1
8.1
0.115
44000
12.9
248
65.3
0.052
3.6
224
2.1
1.9
89.8
84.6
22.8
Human Health
Criteria
Source
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC'0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC«0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
7800
3.1
0.43
550
0.15
3.9
1000000
39
470
310
160
2300
40
1000000
39
0.78
160
393273
39
39
NA
55
2300
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
2X Bkgd
11800
1.16
5.74
26.6
0.194
0.614
304
25
0.98
13.9
0.366
21000
12.1
159
39.4
0.0824
3.32
138
0.978
ND
59.6
54.4
9.04
Maximum
Detect >
2X Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit Specific
Contaminant
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
« §
' a
?!
3 ^
jr ET
23 §!'
3 8
D M,
a i
£X "^
3 »
« c^
K ^.
o O
^J ^
| 2
5' 5'
^ g3
» S;
i ^
^ g
a
S"
3
o
e
ji.
go-o-
5- S" 2,
li 'S R-
tn S 5'
i I
it
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X
&
n
?
A T)
H
-------
Analyte (Units)
SVOCs ((tg/kg)
Benzo(a)anthracene
Bcnzo(a)pyrcne
Benzo(b)nuoranthene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Benzole acid
Bis(2-cthylhexyl)
phthalate
Chrysenc
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Di-n-octyl phthalate
Fluoranthene
Indeno(l,2,3-c.d)
pyrene
Pyrene
VOCs (jig^tg)
Dichloromcthane
(methylene chloride)
Toluene
Freq. of
Detection
/IO
/10
/IO
no
no
/IO
2/10
1/10
I/ 10
2/10
1/10
1/10
2/10
2/10
1/10
Minimum
Detected
94.6
144
|_ 317
121
219
60.3
386
180
194
39.9
112
125
90.2
6.84
2.36
Average
Result
246
251
268
249
259
1190
233
255
234
252
248
249
235
5.47
2.79
Maximum
Detected
94.6
144
317
121
219
60.3
465
180
194
335
112
125
99.8
9.55
2.36
Human Health
Criteria
Source
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC'0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
880
88
880
NA
8800
31000000
46000
88000
780000
160000
310000
880
230000
85000
1600000
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
2X
Bkgd
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
Detect >
2X Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit Specific
Contaminant
YES
YES
'Mean includes all results with nondetecu set 10 one half the sample quantiiation limit except for ndionuclides which were included at the full reported value.
NO indicates an analyie that was not detected in the background samples for this depth class.
NA indicates an analyie that does not have a human health screening criteria.
s?
CT
S"
M
- *!
I ?
< s-
|
=;
x
«
o
-------
Analyte
(Units)
Metals/Inoi
(mg/k
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Vanadium
7inc
Freq. of
Detection
ganics
e)
15/15
9/15
12/15
15/15
11/15
14/15
15/15
15/15
11/15
15/15
4/ 15
15/15
15/15
15/15
15/15
2/15
15/15
15/15
8/15
15/15
15/15
9/15
Minimum
Detected
2960
0.482
1.4
2.4
0.0695
0.169
44.1
4.9
0.163
3.4
0.104
10200
6.4
44.8
1.2
0.02
0.27
39.8
1.4
27.5
28.4
2.2
Average
Result
7170
1.31
5.06
7.67
0.12
0.455
188
22.9
0.365
6.59
0.387
33400
11.9
142
11.8
0.0717
1.17
98.8
4.32
65.5
80.3
6.15
Maximum
Detected
12600
1.9
11.1
26.9
0.201
0.938
1190
59.4
0.538
13
0.306
76200
24.6
574
32.8
0.03
2.9
198
5.5
86.8
166
5.2
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC»0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
7800
3.1
0.43
550
0.15
3.9
1000000
39
470
310
160
2300
40
1000000
39
0.78
160
393273
39
NA
55
2300
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
2X
Background
9400
1.6
7.04
11.5
0.151
1.28
177
31.8
0.464
8.3
0.362
36400
12.8
149
4.84
0.07
1.69
96.2
3.48
59.8
135
4.34
Maximum
Detect
>2X
Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit
Specific
Contaminant*
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
S3 C/5
8J O
|| 3
-------
Analyte (Units)
Freq. of
Detection
Minimum
Detected
Average
Result
Maximum
Detected
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
Human
Health
Criteria
>Human
Health
Criteria
2X
Background
SVOCs (ng/kg)
Benzoic acid
Bis(2-cthylhexyl)
phthalate
Di-n-octyl
phthalate
VOCs(jig^g)
Acetone
Dichloromethane
(melhylene
chloride)
4/15
3/15
8/15
1/15
3/15
44.6
63.5
69
17.5
10.5
756
178
234
6.91
5.79
84.7
110
462
17.5
13.2
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC'0.1
RBC
31000000
46000
160000
780000
85000
ND
ND
458
ND
ND
Maximum
Detect
>2X
Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit
Specific
Contaminant
1 Mean includes all results with nondetects set to one half the sample quantitation limit except for radionuclides which were included at
the full reported value.
ND indicates an analyte (hat was not detected in the background samples for this depth class.
NA indicates an analyte that does not have a human health screening criteria.
f
r
s
cr
5"
I
5 P
3 K-
69 ^
3. >
1 1.
X &
H ff
3 £
a
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S? W5
63 A
n S.
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n
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Xk.
r*f
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51
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-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 21 of 42
VI. SUMMARY OF OPERABLE UNIT RISKS
As a component of the remedial investigation process, a baseline risk assessment was prepared
for the FDHTF. The baseline risk assessment consists of human health and ecological risk'
assessments. Summary information for the human health and ecological risk assessments
follows.
HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
The human health risk assessment characterizes both the potential risk from exposure to
carcinogenic substances and adverse health effects from noncarcinogens to human receptors
exposed to unit-related constituents under current and future land use conditions (Figure 6).
Figure 6 indicates the future land use for N-Area (Central Shops) as recommended by the
Citizens Advisory Board which was based on current nuclear industrial areas with a buffer.
The risks listed in this section were derived from the BRA (WSRC, 1997a) which used the
data obtained from the RFI/RI characterization.
The BRA designates the Constituents of Potential Concern (COPCs) based on a conservative.
screen against background concentrations and the relative potential of the chemicals to cause
toxic or carcinogenic effects. Constituents which have concentrations in soil which produce a
threshold risk less than the risk-based concentration levels are screened from further analysis.
Threshold risk is defined as constituent concentrations that exceed either a cancer risk of
1 x 10"6 or a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1. An HQ of 0.1 was actually used for screening within
the BRA to account for potential additive effects for noncarcinogenic constituents. Three
land use assumptions were made to describe the human receptors that may be exposed to unit-
related constituents. Potential receptors are expected to differ for the current and future land use
scenarios. The possible receptor under the current land use scenario includes the known on-unit
worker. The possible receptors under the future land use scenario include the on-unit industrial
worker and the on-unit resident (adult and child).
Based on the results of the risk assessment, COPCs that contribute significantly to a pathway
having a significant human cancer risk or human noncarcinogenic hazard or are determined to
pose unacceptable ecological risk are designated as preliminary constituents of concern
(COCs). The preliminary COCs are further defined as either primary or secondary COCs.
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site-April 1998 Page 22 of 42
Final COCs are developed through an uncertainty analysis to inform decision-makers about
the relative significance of the preliminary COCs, and to help focus on risk decisions.
Preliminary Human Health primary COCs are constituents"^ a total exposure pathway
(media/receptor/route) with a cumulative noncancer hazard greater than 3 or a cumulative
ELCR greater than 1 x 1CT4. Primary COCs have a constituent-specific noncancer hazard
greater than or equal to 0.1 or a cancer risk greater than 1 x 10"6.
t
Preliminary Human Health secondary COCs are chemicals in a total exposure pathway
(media/receptor/route) with a cumulative noncancer hazard between 1 and 3 or a cumulative
Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) between 1 x 10"6 and 1 x 10"*. Secondary COCs have a
constituent-specific noncancer hazard greater than or equal to 0.1 or a cancer risk greater than or
equal to 1 x 10"6.
Carcinogenic risks are estimated as the incremental probability of an individual developing
cancer over a lifetime as a result of pathway-specific exposure to cancer-causing
contaminants. The risk to an individual resulting from exposure to non-radioactive chemical
carcinogens is expressed as the increased probability of cancer occurring over the course of a-
70 year lifetime. Cancer risks are related to the EPA target risk range of one in ten thousand
(1 x 10"*) to one in one million (1 x lO'*) for incremental cancer risk at National Priorities List
sites. Risk levels greater than 1 x 10"* require a risk management decision where specific
actions to reduce risk may be considered while cancer risk levels below 1 x 10"* are
considered to be insignificant.
Non-carcinogenic effects are also evaluated to identify a level at which there may be concern
for potential non-carcinogenic health effects. The hazard quotient, which is the ratio of the
exposure dose to the reference dose (RfD), is calculated for each contaminant. Hazard
quotients are summed for each exposure pathway to determine the specific hazard index (HI)
for each exposure scenario. If the HI exceeds unity (1.0), the potential exists that adverse
health effects might occur.
The following sections discuss the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and combined HI values
that were determined in the BRA for current workers, future industrial workers, and the
future residential child/adult. Figure 7 shows these values graphically. Tables 5 through 8
-------
ICWT NISTM. MN-WOUn
ONOT MSIM. «TN KnCR
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Page 25 of 4 2
-------
Predominant
Source Release
Area Mechanism
On-Unit Worker
FDTF +
Contact
Industrial Worker
FDTF *
1
Contact
Inniuuion/Perrolition
*
Eicioiion/Periurbtiion
Resident
FDTF »
Infil
Direct
Contact
Biotic
Uptake
l/tuon/Percolition
lion/Penufbilion
Exposure Pathway
Ingestion
Dermal Contacl
Inhalation (Dust)
Contaminated
Medium
Surface
Soil
Ingestion
Dermal Contact
Inhalation (Dust)
Ingestion
Dermal Contact
Inhalation (Dust)
Surface
Soil
Subsurface
Soil
Carcinogenic Risk
IE-06 IE-05 IE-04
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Faci
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River Site, April 1998
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Leafy Vegetables
Tuberous Vegetables
Fruits
Exposure
Route
Ingestion
Dermal/ External
Inhalation
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Combined Hazard Index:
Combined Cancer Risk:
Current
Noncancer
On-Unit
Worker
3E-05
4E-05
4E-06
NA
NA
NA
7E-05
HI Cancer Risk
On-Unlt
Worker
9E-10
3E-09
3E-14
NA
NA
NA
H [
| 4E-09 |
Future
Noncancer HI
Resident
3E-02
3E-03
8E-04
1E-01
2E-01
2E-01
5E-01
Industrial
Worker
1E-03
1E-03
2E-04
NA
NA
NA
| 3E-03 |
[
Cancer
Risk
Industrial
Resident Worker
2E-06
1E-06
2E-11
3E-12
IE-OS
6E-13
IE-OS |
2E-07
7E-07
7E-12
NA
NA
NA
\
9E-07
NA - pathway not evaluated
Note: Risks are not attributable to unit related COCs.
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Tuberous Vegetables
Fruits
Exposure
Route
Ingestion
Dermal/External
Inhalation
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Combined Hazard Index:
Combined Cancer Risk:
Current
Noncancer HI
On-Unit
Worker
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
OE+00 |
[
Cancer Risk
On-Unit
Worker
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
OE+00
Future
Noncancer HI
Resident
2E+00
2E-01
8E-04
3E-01
4E-01
6E-01
| 4E+00
1
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Worker
9E-02
9E-02
2E-04
NA
NA
NA
| 2E-01 |
I
Cancer Risk
Resident
2E-05
5E-06
7E-08
IE-OS
2E-05
2E-05
8E-05 |
Industrial
Worker
2E-06
2E-06
3E-08
NA
NA
NA
4E-06
NA - pathway not evaluated
OE+00 - pathway evaluated but no risks could be calculated due to lack of EPA-approved toxlcity values
Note: Risks are not attributable to unit related COCs.
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Leafy Vegetables
Tuberous Vegetables
Fruits
Exposure
Route
Ingestion
Dermal/ External
Inhalation
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Combined Hazard Index:
Combined Cancer Risk:
Current
Noncancer
On-Unlt
Worker
3E-05
4E-05
4E-06
NA
NA
NA
7E-05
HI Cancer Risk
On-Unit
Worker
9E-10
3E-09
3E-14
NA
NA
NA
U [
| 4E-09 |
Future
Noncancer HI
Resident
1E+00
1E-01
7E-04
3E-01
3E-01
4E-01
2E+00
Industrial
Worker
5E-02
5E-02
1E-04
NA
NA
NA
| 1E-01 |
[
Cancer Risk
Resident
2E-05
4E-06
IE-OS
IE-OS
IE-OS
3E-05
7E-05 |
Industrial
Worker
2E-06
2E-06
5E-09
NA
NA
NA
4E-06
NA - pathway not evaluated
Note: Risks are not attributable to unit related COCs.
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Tuberous Vegetables
Fruits
Exposure
Route
Ingestion
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Inhalation
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Combined Hazard Index:
Combined Cancer Risk:
Current
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On-Unit
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NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
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7E-04
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4E-01
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NA
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3E-06
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2E-05
5E-05 |
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Worker
1E-06
2E-06
4E-09
NA
NA
NA
3E-06
NA pathway not evaluated
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Note: Risks are not attributable to unit related COCs.
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-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G)
Operable Unit (U)
Savannah River SItt-April 1998
WSRC-RP-97-171
Revision 1
Page 31 of 42
Table 9. Health-Based COCs for Soil and Produce Fire Department Hose Training
Facility
Media
Soil
Current On-Unit Worker
Hypothetical Industrial Worker
Hypothetical On-Unit Resident
Produce
Hypothetical Resident
0 -1 ft Soil Interval
ELCR
__
Benzo(a)pyrene (ELCR = 3 x 10 *)
Benzo(a)pyrene (ELCR = 1 x 10 "5)
0-4 ft Soil Interval
Risk/Hazard
..
Arsenic (ELCR = 2 x 10 -6)
Beryllium (ELCR = 1 x 10 6)
Arsenic (HQ = 0.3)
Arsenic (ELCR =1x10 5)
Beryllium (ELCR = 3 x 10'6)
Iron (HQ = 2)
Vanadium (HQ = 0.3)
Benzo(a)pyrene (ELCR = 2x10*)
Arsenic (ELCR = 4 x 10"6)
Benzo(a)pyrene (ELCR = 1 x 10 s)
Note: ELCR = excess lifetime cancer risk, HQ = Hazard Quotient
ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
i
The ecological BRA for the FDHTF evaluated the likelihood of harmful effects to ecological
receptors from exposure to contaminants in soil. The receptors in the FDHTF food web that
were evaluated include terrestrial plants, earthworms, meadow voles, short-tailed shrews,
American robins, and red-tailed hawks. These receptors serve as assessment endpoints for
the risk to plant and animal populations and ecosystems at FDHTF.
The evaluation of ecological risk was conducted according to relevant EPA headquarters, US
EPA Region IV, SCDHEC, and Westinghouse Savannah River Company guidance. The
assessment methods follow the EPA Framework for Ecological Risk Assessments (EPA,
1992b) and draft Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (EPA, 1994b).
Ecological Constituents of Potential Concern (COPCs) were identified from among
constituents detected at FDHTF, and incomplete exposure pathways were eliminated. The
risk from COPCs in FDHTF surface soil was evaluated only for those pathways resulting in
ingestion of soil or those food items exposed directly or indirectly to soil. COPCs are those
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Sitc^April 1998 Page 32 of 42
constituents whose maximum measured concentrations exceeded a toxicity screening value for
ecological receptors and 2X the background mean concentration. ~~
Based on field reconnaissance, the principal ecological communities at FDHTF were
characterized as maintained grassy fields with scattered mature trees. Most receptors.
exposure classes, and/or species.evaluated in the ecological risk assessment were observed at
the unit or potentially reside or forage there. No threatened, endangered and sensitive species
are expected to be exposed to COPCs in surface soil at FDHTF.
Six assessment endpoints representing environmental values to be protected in accordance
with two policy goals were evaluated at the FDHTF. The risks to the FDHTF populations
and ecosystems were evaluated by estimating the risk to populations of the six indicator
receptors [terrestrial vegetation, earthworms, meadow vole (proxy for herbivorous mammals).
short-tailed shrew, American robin, and red-tailed hawk] according to ecological relevance.
susceptibility, accessibility to prediction or measurement, and relevance to policy goals.
For the evaluation of risk to the FDHTF populations and ecosystems, decision rules are stated
in terms of HQs. HQs compare estimates of exposure based on site measurements (e.g., RMET
concentrations of COPCs in the source media [surface and subsurface soil]) to measures of
effect (e.g., test concentrations associated with levels of adverse effect on ecological
receptors).
Measured concentrations of ecological COPCs in surface soil are used to estimate the RME
concentrations and doses for ecological receptors. Published toxicity-benchmark data arc
used to derive COPC concentrations associated with levels of adverse effect on ecological
receptors at the FDHTF.
HQs for current and future exposure of ecological receptors to COPCs in surface and
subsurface soil were calculated and used to estimate risk. No HQs exceeded 1.0 in surface
soil (0 - 0.3 m [0 - 1.0 ft]); therefore, there are no ecological risks for current conditions. The
five metals (aluminum, cadmium, chromium, selenium, and vanadium) exceeding an HQ of 1.0
are the COPCs associated with future conditions at the FDHTF.
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 33 of 42
The weight-of-evidence analysis and evaluation of uncertainty for ecological COPCs with
HQs exceeding 1.0 resulted in rejection of all five metals as sources of significant risk to
ecological receptors at the exposure unit.
UNCERTAINTY
The risk and hazard to the current worker, future on-unit industrial worker, and the future on-
unit resident are summarized below. Preliminary COCs identified during the risk assessment
i
are evaluated through an uncertainty analysis to determine final COCs. Remedial Goal
Options (RGOs) are developed for the list of final COCs which become the basis of and the
focus for remediation.
Under the current land use, no primary or secondary preliminary COCs were identified for the
surface soil. Under future industrial land use, arsenic, beryllium, iron, vanadium, and
benzo(a)pyrene were identified as secondary preliminary COCs for subsurface soils.
Following the uncertainty analysis, no constituents were retained as final COCs and no RGOs
were developed. Key uncertainties for each preliminary COC are summarized below.
Current Worker
The current worker is not at risk while working at this unit because the ELCR risk is below
1 x 10*6 and the HI is below 1.
Future Industrial Worker
Arsenic and beryllium were identified as secondary COCs for the future industrial worker for
the 0 to 4-foot soil depth interval. Although arsenic and beryllium were identified as
preliminary COCs following the risk assessment, there is uncertainty that the concentration
terms used to calculate unit risk are more representative of background risk. Arsenic was
detected 9 out of 10 times in unit subsurface soils with a concentration range of 1.2 to 7.3
mg/kg. Comparatively, arsenic was detected in background subsurface 10 out of 10 times
with concentrations ranging from 0.82 to 6.9 mg/kg. The exposure point concentration for
arsenic in unit subsurface soils is 6.0 mg/kg, while the background exposure point
concentration is 5.32 mg/kg.
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RF-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site^April 1998 Page 34 of 42
Beryllium in subsurface soils was detected 8 out of 10 times at the unit with concentrations
ranging from 0.06 to 0.20 mg/kg, while beryllium was detected 10 out of 10" times in the
background with a concentration range of 0.05 to 0.20 mg/kg. The exposure point
concentration for beryllium in unit subsurface soils is 0.15 mg/kg, while the background
exposure point concentration is 0.13 mg/kg.
The unit data and background data demonstrate that there is no difference between unit and
background concentrations of arsenic and beryllium. The similar concentration terms further
demonstrate that the risk for both the unit and background would not be significantly
different. Therefore, neither arsenic nor beryllium were retained as a final COCs.
Future Residential Child/Adult
The residential scenario was evaluated separately for the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) and the 0 to 1.2
m (0 to 4 ft) soil intervals. Benzo(a)pyrene was identified as a secondary preliminary COC for
both soil intervals. For subsurface soils (0 to 4 ft), arsenic, beryllium, iron, and vanadium
were identified as secondary preliminary COCs. The uncertainty associated with each
preliminary COC is discussed in further detail below.
Arsenic and Beryllium
As discussed for the future industrial worker, the unit data and background data demonstrate
that there is no difference between unit and background concentrations of arsenic and
beryllium. The similar concentration terms further demonstrate that the risk for both the unit
and background for the future resident would not be significantly different. Therefore, neither
arsenic nor beryllium were retained as final COCs.
Iron
Iron is a naturally occurring element that is abundantly distributed in soils. Iron was detected
in subsurface soils in both the unit and background samples 10 out of 10 times.
Concentrations of iron in unit subsurface soils ranged from 1480 mg/kg to 44,000 mg/kg and
1700 mg/kg to 22,700 mg/kg in background subsurface soils (Tables 10 and 11). The
maximum detected value for both the unit and background subsurface soils was used for the
-------
Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-U3G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 35 of 42
exposure point concentration. Similarly, exposure to iron in both the unit and background
subsurface soils would result in the designation of iron as a secondary COC. Tfie designation
of iron as a secondary COC is base£
-------
Analyte (Units)
Proportion
Detected
Total Melals and Cyanide (mg/kg)
Aluminum
Aniimony
Arsenic
3arium
3eryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Coball
Copper
Cyanide
ron
>ead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
'otassium
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
51 5
3/ 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
4/ 5
51 5
3/ 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
51 5
41 5
51 5
51 5
3/ 5
51 5
51 5
Minimum
Detection
Limit
11
3.04
12
1.19
0.325
0.419
14
0.838
0.866
0.734
0.83
23.7
6.39
9.42
0.217
0.146
1.84
72.6
140
0.758
17.4
Maximum
Detection
Limit
21.9
4.12
13.1
1.29
0.461
0.47
19.8
1.06
1.04
1.18
0.9
25.8
6.94
10.2
0.235
0.158
2.07
78.8
152
0.823
18.9
Minimum
Detect
1410
0.442
0.821
5.1
0.0529
0.0737
63.6
2.7
0.244
1
0.11
1700
3.6
23.2
7.5
0.02
0.708
32.3
12.8
4.3
1.5
Average
Result
6300
l.ll
3.26
12.9
0.103
0.27
155
14.2
0.44
11.2
0.268
11200
7.68
78.7
21.7
0.0502
1.94
71
50.3
30.4
6.28
Maximum
Detect
9900
0.798
6.9
26.6
0.204
0.444
219
27
0.749
30.7
0.223
22700
14.6
144
47.9
0.094
2.9
118
79
59.3
13.4
Dist.
Type
N
D
L
L
L
N
N
L
D
L
D
N
L
N
L
D
N
L
D
L
L
95%
UCL
9520
1.71
22.8
35.3
0.252
0.398
215
158
0.672
2090
0.414
19400
19
121
75.5
0.0817
2.8
150
82.7
938
44.8
Exposure
Concentration
9520
0.798
6.9
26.6
0.204
0.398
215
27
0.672
30.7
0.223
19400
14.6
121
47.9
0.0817
2.8
118 \
79
59.3
13.4
Average result includes all results with nondetects set to one half the sample quantification limit except for radionuclides which were included at the full
reported value
Population DiMribution Codes:
D Fewer than 5 or 50% detects Treated as normal
L Log-normal distribution
N Normal distribution
7. Population includes Kro or negative results, treated as normal
X Significantly different from normal and Ing -normal Use arithmetic mr.in and i-disinbution fur *>$% |JCI.
''/A .Statistics nni calculated became less than ? v.imrlrs
the FDHTF
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Analyte (Units)
Proportion
Detected
Total Metals and Cyanide (mg/kg)
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobali
Copper
Cyanide
ron
Irad
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
IO/ 10
SI 10
IO/ IO
to/ to
IO/ IO
91 IO
to/ 10
IO/ 10
91 10
IO/ 10
51 10
IO/ 10
IO/ 10
IO/ 10
IO/ 10
9/ 10
IO/ 10
IO/ 10
11 10
7/ 10
IO/ 10
91 10
Minimum
Detection
Limit
II
2.82
II. 1
I.I
0.299
0.39
13
0.779
0.797
0.682
0.8
21.8
S.88
8.67
0.199
0.14
1.69
66.7
10.4
129
0.697
16
Maximum
Detection
Limit
21.9
4.12
13.1
1.29
0.461
0.47
19.8
1.06
1.04
1.18
0.9
25.8
6.94
10.2
0.235
0.158
2.07
78.8
12.2
152
0.823
18.9
Minimum
Detect
1410
0.442
0.821
5.1
0.0529
0.0737
50.4
2.7
0.221
1
0.11
1700
2.8
23.2
2.6
0.02
0.708
32.3
0.489
12.8
4.3
1.4
Average
Result
5890
1.15
2.87
13.3
0.0972
0.284
152
12.5
0.456
6.95
0.304
10500
6.04
79.4
19.7
0.0448
1.66
69.1
5.23
41.9
27.2
4.87
Maximum
Detect
9900
0.798
6.9
26.6
0.204
0.662
219
27
0.756
30.7
0.289
22700
14.6
144
47.9
0.094
2.9
118
0.489
79
59.3
13.4
Dist.
Type
N
N
L
L
L
L
N
L
N
L
X
L
L
N
L
L
L
L
D
X
L
L
95 %
UCL
-
7630
1.52
5.32
20.4
0.133
0.605
185
25.7
0.576
24.2
0.383
25100
8.51
101
49.7
0.0681
2.37
99.3
6.21
59.3
67.1
10.2
Exposure
Concentration
7630
0.798
5.32
20.4
0.133
0.605
185
25.7
0.576
24.2
0.289
22700
8.51
101
47.9
0.0681
2.37
99.3
0.489
59.3
59.3
10.2
* Average result includes all results with nondetects set to one half the sample quantification limit except for radionuclides which were included at the full
reported value.
Population Distribution Codes-.
0 Fcwrr than S or 50% detects. Treated as normal
I. lyig norm.il distribution
N Nomi.il diMnbuiion
7 Population includes zrro 01 negalive refills, ire.urd as normal
X Significantly different from normal and log nomul Use arithmetic me.in and i-disinbulion for 95% UCL
H
63
er
S"
a c/31
« 5
HTF
8
5s
"i
en
03
65
O
?r
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-17I
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River SiterAprU 1998 __ Page 38 of 42
Vanadium
Vanadium is a naturally occurring metal which is abundant in soils at SRS. Vanadium was
detected in subsurface soils in both the unit and background samples 10 out of 10 times.
Concentrations of vanadium ranged from 3.6 mg/kg to 84.6 mg/kg in unit soils and 4.3 mg/kg
to 59.3 mg/kg in background soils (Tables 10 and 11). The exposure point concentration for
vanadium in subsurface soils for the unit and background is 84.6 mg/kg and 59.3 mg/kg,
respectively. Vanadium was only considered a secondary COC because it slightly exceeds an
HQ of 0.1 in unit soils. The HQ for ingestion of vanadium in unit soils is 0.16, while the HQ
for ingestion of vanadium in background soils is 0.11. Based on the frequency of detection in
both the unit and background soils, and the similar concentration ranges and hazard quotients.
it is highly unlikely that vanadium is unit related and should be of concern at the FDHTF.
Therefore, vanadium was not retained as a final COC.
Benzo(a)pyrene
Although benzo(a) pyrene was retained as a secondary preliminary COC for both surface
(O-l1) and subsurface soils (0-41), it was only detected once in surface soils. Because of the
single detection of benzo(a)pyrene, heterogeneous distribution and limited data should be
considered. The FDHTF is a small area approximately 20 by 40 feet in size. According to
site records, contaminated soils were removed from the facility in 1982 and 1984, thereby
removing the primary source of contamination. A total of five borings were drilled within the
boundaries of the unit which provided a sufficient number of samples for the small area of
concern to characterize the unit and adequately define the risk to human health and the
environment. Benzo(a)pyrene was detected in 1 out of 5 surface soil samples, 1 out of 10
subsurface soil samples, and 1 out of 25 all-depth samples. Because the exposure point
concentration is the single observed value, the risk of 3 x 10"6 for the unlikely residential land
use is based on the maximum detected concentration value. It is highly unlikely thai
benzo(a)pyrene should be of concern for the FDHTF because potential hot spots were
addressed by representative sampling and because of the low (<5%) frequency of detection.
Therefore, benzo(a)pyrene was not retained as a final COC.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 39 of 42
Other Uncertainties
Food chain exposures and risk were projected in the BRA by means of uptake (partitioning)
models. Uncertainty is inherent in each step of the food chain uptake models. Such models
are based on studies of plant and animal uptake of constituents into the receptor of interest
and are thus reliant upon a set of conditions that were present in the study environment.
Precipitation and other weather-related factors, the chemistry of the soil and water, and other
factors fthat existed in the uptake study may or may not relate well to the conditions present at
the waste unit. The uncertainties resulting from the use of food chain uptake models are likely
to be considerable. Because of the assumptions and uncertainties associated with the food
chain pathway, the risk from produce is only considered when inclusion of the produce risk
would determine whether the constituent is a final COC following the uncertainty analysis.
Because no final COCs were retained for the FDHTF, RGOs for risk from produce were not
considered.
Ecological Uncertainties
*
There are uncertainties in the parameters used to estimate exposure for the ecological risk
evaluation, but reported values for receptors' ingestion rates, size and home range, soil-to-
plant uptake factors, and soil-to-animal bioaccumulation factors are unlikely to be biased and
should not severely or consistently over- or underestimate exposure. Exposure may be
overestimated for some contaminants because the fraction available for absorption by animals
may be overestimated. Extrapolation from studies involving laboratory doses to exposures at
FDHTF is a major source of uncertainty in the estimate of risk to ecological receptors because
the availability of the contaminant under test conditions may be greater than it is to receptors
living in field conditions.
Conclusions
No human health primary or secondary preliminary COCs were identified under current land
use assumptions. Secondary preliminary COCs were identified for the hypothetical industrial
worker and on-unit resident. Due to the elimination of the preliminary human health COCs
(arsenic, benzo(a)pyrene, beryllium, iron, and vanadium) through the uncertainty analysis
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 40 of 42
process, no soil RGOs were developed for the FDHTF. No ecological RGOs were developed
because there are no final ecological COCs . -
Site-Specific Considerations
Site-specific considerations, based on the conclusions of the BRA and RFI/RI, which suggest
no potential for significant risk include:
1) FDHTF originally contained soil that may have been contaminated with flammable liquids.
Stained soils were removed in an earlier removal action.
2) The levels of surface soil contamination recognized during characterization are generally
very low. The contaminants present are generally within the background levels of soil in
the area.
3) The groundwater monitoring program indicates that there has not been significant impact
from the waste materials in the pits.
4) The BRA did not determine any COCs after the uncertainty analysis and, therefore, no.
RGOs were prepared.
Remedial Action Objectives
Remedial action objectives specify unit-specific contaminants, media of concern, potential
exposure pathways, and remediation goals. Remediation goals are developed based upon
ARARs or risk-based concentrations. After the uncertainty analysis, the BRA determined that
there are no unit-specific contaminants. Therefore, there are no remedial action objectives.
No Action will be protective of human health and the environment.
VII. THE SELECTED REMEDY
According to the EPA guidance document Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision
Documents (EPA, 1989), if there is no current or potential threat to human health or the
environment and no action is warranted, the CERCLA 121 requirements are not triggered.
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Record of Decision for UK Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 __^ Page 41 of 42
This means that there is no need to evaluate other alternatives or the no action alternative
against the nine criteria specified under CERCLA.
Under the No Action alternative, no treatment will be performed, no institutional controls or
engineering controls will be implemented, and no cost is associated with implementing the
alternative. According to CERCLA regulations, Section 121, if no action is the preferred
alternative, then no applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements are associated with
the alternative.
Based on the FDHTF RCRA RFI/RI/BRA Report, the FDHTF poses no significant risk to
human health and the environment. Therefore, No Action has been selected as the remedial
alternative which satisfies the CERCLA criteria. The No Action alternative is the final action
for the FDHTF operable unit. This solution is meant to be permanent and effective in both the
short and long term and is applicable to all media evaluated (soil, groundwater, etc.). The No
Action Decision is the least cost option with no capital, operating, or monitoring costs, and is
protective of human health and the environment.
This proposal is consistent with EPA guidance and is an effective use of risk management--
principles. The Statement of Basis/Proposed Plan provided for involvement with the
community through a document review process and a public comment period.
The selected remedy is protective of human health and the environment and complies with
Federal and State requirements that are legally applicable or relevant and appropriate to the
remedial action. There is no irreversible and irretrievable loss of resources at the FDHTF.
VIII. EXPLANATION OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
The SB/PP and draft permit modification provided for involvement with the community
through a document review process and a public comment period. There were no significant
changes made to either the RCRA permit modification or the Record of Decision based on
comments received during the public comment period. Comments that were received during
the 45-day public comment period are addressed in Appendix A of this ROD and are available
with the final RCRA permit.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-17I
Operable Unit (U) _ Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 42 of 42
IX. RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
No comments were received from the public during the public comment period. Therefore, a
Responsiveness Summary is norincluded in Appendix A.
X. REFERENCES
DOE (U. S. Department of Energy), 1994. Public Involvement, A Plan for Savannah River
Site. Savannah River Operations Office, Aiken South Carolina.
;
DOE, 1996. Savannah River Site Future Use Project Report. U. S. Department of Energy
Savannah River Operations Office, Aiken, South Carolina, January, 1996.
EPA (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency), 1989. Guidance on Preparing Superfund
Decision documents. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response - OSWER
Directive 9355.3-02, Washington, DC, July 1989.
FFA, 1993. Federal Facility Agreement for the Savannah River Site, Administrative Docket
No. 89-05-FF, (Effective Date: August 16, 1993).
WSRC, 1997a. RCRA Facility Investigation/ Remedial Investigation Report With Baseline
Risk Assessment for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) (11).
WSRC-RP-96-863, Revision 1, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken, South
Carolina (April, 1997).
WSRC, 1997b. Statement of Basis/Proposed Plan for the Fire Department Hose Training
Facility (904-113G) Operable Unit (U), WSRC-RP-97-170, Revision 1, Westinghouse
Savannah River Company, Aiken, South Carolina (October, 1997).
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Analyte
(Unite)
Metals/Inoi
(mg/k
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Cyanide
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
Freq. of
Detection
rganics
e)
15/15
9/15
12/15
15/15
11/15
14/15
15/15
15/15
!!/ 15
15/15
4/ 15
15/15
15/15
15/15
15/15
2/15
15/15
15/15
8/15
15/15
15/15
9/15
Minimum
Detected
2960
0.482
1.4
2.4
0.0695
0.169
44.1
4.9
0.163
3.4
0.104
10200
6.4
44.8
1.2
0.02
0.27
39.8
1.4
27.5
28.4
2.2
Average
Result
7170
1.31
5.06
7.67
0.12
0.455
188
22.9
0.365
6.59
0.387
33400
11.9
142
11.8
0.0717
1.17
98.8
4.32
65.5
80.3
6.15
Maximum
Detected
12600
1.9
11.1
26.9
0.201
0.938
1190
59.4
0.538
13
0.306
76200
24.6
574
32.8
0.03
2.9
198
5.5
86.8
166
5.2
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC'0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RDA
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
Human
Health
Criteria
7800
3.1
0.43
550
0.15
3.9
1000000
39
470
310
160
2300
40
1000000
39
0.78
160
393273
39
NA
55
2300
>Human
Health
Criteria
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
2X
Background
9400
1.6
7.04
11.5
0.151
1.28
177
31.8
0.464
8.3
0.362
36400
12.8
149
4.84
0.07
1.69
96.2
3.48
59.8
135
4.34
Maximum
Detect
>2X
Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit
Specific
Contaminant
YES
YES
YES
YES
^
\
YES
YES
YES
k
cr
S"
O cp
^ §
3^ J
3 ^
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I £
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rt ft
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-------
Analyte (Units)
Freq. of
Detection
Minimum
Detected
Average
Result
Maximum
Detected
Human
Health
Criteria
Source
Human
Health
Criteria
>Human
Health
Criteria
2X
Background
SVOCs (ng/kg)
Benzoic acid
Bis(2-cthylhexyl)
phthalale
Di-n-octyl
phthalale
VOCs (jig^cg)
Acetone
Dichloromethane
[methylene
chloride)
4/15
3/15
8/15
1/15
3/15
44.6
63.5
69
17.5
10.5
756
178
234
6.91
5.79
84.7
110
462
17.5
13.2
RBC*0.1
RBC
RBC*0.1
RBC*0.1
RBC
31000000
46000
160000
780000
85000
ND
ND
458
ND
ND
Maximum
Detect
>2X
Bkgd
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Unit
Specific
Contaminant
1 Mean includes all results with nondetects set to one half the sample quantitation limit except for radionuclides which were included at
the full reported value.
ND indicates an analyte that was not detected in the background samples for this depth class.
NA indicates an analyte that does not have a human health screening criteria.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-17I
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River SiU, April 1998 Page 21 of 42
VI. SUMMARY OF OPERABLE UNIT RISKS
As a component of the remedial investigation process, a baseline risk assessment was prepared
for the FDHTF. The baseline risk assessment consists of human health and ecological risk
assessments. Summary information for the human health and ecological risk assessments
follows.
HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
i
The human health risk assessment characterizes both the potential risk from exposure to
carcinogenic substances and adverse health effects from noncarcinogens to human receptors
exposed to unit-related constituents under current and future land use conditions (Figure 6).
Figure 6 indicates the future land use for N-Area (Central Shops) as recommended by the
Citizens Advisory Board which was based on current nuclear industrial areas with a buffer.
The risks listed in this section were derived from the BRA (WSRC, 1997a) which used the
data obtained from the RFI/RI characterization.
The BRA designates the Constituents of Potential Concern (COPCs) based on a conservative^
screen against background concentrations and the relative potential of the chemicals to cause
toxic or carcinogenic effects. Constituents which have concentrations in soil which produce a
threshold risk less than the risk-based concentration levels are screened from further analysis.
Threshold risk is defined as constituent concentrations that exceed either a cancer risk of
1 x 10"6 or a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1. An HQ of 0.1 was actually used for screening within
the BRA to account for potential additive effects for noncarcinogenic constituents. Three
land use assumptions were made to describe the human receptors that may be exposed to unit-
related constituents. Potential receptors are expected to differ for the current and future land use
scenarios. The possible receptor under the current land use scenario includes the known on-unit
worker. The possible receptors under the future land use scenario include the on-unit industrial
worker and the on-unit resident (adult and child).
Based on the results of the risk assessment, COPCs that contribute significantly to a pathway
having a significant human cancer risk or human noncarcinogenic hazard or are determined to
pose unacceptable ecological risk are designated as preliminary constituents of concern
(COCs). The preliminary COCs are further defined as either primary or secondary COCs.
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-11JG) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River SiteTApril 1998 Page 22 of 42
Final COCs are developed through an uncertainty analysis to inform decision-makers about
the relative significance of the preliminary COCs, and to help focus on risk decisions.
Preliminary Human Health primary COCs are constituents in a total exposure pathway
(media/receptor/route) with a cumulative noncancer hazard greater than 3 or a cumulative
ELCR greater than 1 x 10"4. Primary COCs have a constituent-specific noncancer hazard
greater than or equal to 0.1 or a cancer risk greater than 1 x 10"6.
Preliminary Human Health secondary COCs are chemicals in a total exposure pathway
(media/receptor/route) with a cumulative noncancer hazard between 1 and 3 or a cumulative
Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) between 1 x 10"6 and 1 x 10^. Secondary COCs have a
constituent-specific noncancer hazard greater than or equal to 0.1 or a cancer risk greater than or
equal to 1 x 10*.
Carcinogenic risks are estimated as the incremental probability of an individual developing
cancer over a lifetime as a result of pathway-specific exposure to cancer-causing
contaminants. The risk to an individual resulting from exposure to non-radioactive chemical
carcinogens is expressed as the increased probability of cancer occurring over the course of a.
70 year lifetime. Cancer risks are related to the EPA target risk range of one in ten thousand
(1 x 10"1) to one in one million (1 x 10*) for incremental cancer risk at National Priorities List
sites. Risk levels greater than 1 x 10"6 require a risk management decision where specific
actions to reduce risk may be considered while cancer risk levels below 1 x 10"6 are
considered to be insignificant.
Non-carcinogenic effects are also evaluated to identify a level at which there may be concern
for potential non-carcinogenic health effects. The hazard quotient, which is the ratio of the
exposure dose to the reference dose (RfD), is calculated for each contaminant. Hazard
quotients are summed for each exposure pathway to determine the specific hazard index (HI)
for each exposure scenario. If-the HI exceeds unity (1.0), the potential exists that adverse
health effects might occur.
The following sections discuss the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and combined HI values
that were determined in the BRA for current workers, future industrial workers, and the
future residential child/adult. Figure 7 shows these values graphically. Tables 5 through 8
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Record of Decision for the Tire Department Hose Training Facility (904-1I3G) WSRC-RP-97-17I
Operable Unit (U) Revision 1
Savannah River Site. April 1998 Page 23 of 42
show the Reasonable Maximum Exposure (RME) risk characterization summaries for the
surface soil (0-T), subsurface soils (0-4*), background surface soil (0-D, and background
subsurface soil (0-4').
>.<
Current Worker
The current worker was evaluated at the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) soil interval only. The total
excess lifetime cancer risk level for the current worker is 4 x 109 and the hazard index is
7 x 10'5.' Therefore, the current worker is not at risk while working at this unit.
Future Industrial Worker
The future industrial worker was evaluated at the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) and 0 to 1.2 m (0 to 4
ft) soil intervals. For the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) soil interval, the total excess lifetime cancer
risk is 9 x 10"7 and the hazard index is 3 x 10'3. Therefore, the future industrial worker will
not be at risk while working at the unit based on the evaluation of the surface soils. For the 0
to 1.2 m (0 to 4 ft) soil interval, the total excess lifetime cancer risk is 4 x 10"6 and the hazard
index is 0.2. The pathways which contribute the most to this receptor are soil ingestion and
dermal contact, each showing a cancer risk of 2 x 10"6. The secondary COCs for these
pathways are arsenic (84% of the risk for the ingestion pathway) and beryllium (54 percent of
the risk for the dermal contact pathway).
Future Residential Child/Adult
The residential scenario was evaluated at the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) and the 0 to 1.2 m (0 to 4
ft) soil intervals. At the 0 to 0.3 m (0 to 1 ft) soil interval, the total excess lifetime cancer risk
is 1 x 10'5 and the hazard index is 0.5. The secondary COC is benzo(a)pyrene, from ingestion
of produce (risk of 1 x 10's).
For the 0 to 1.2 m (0 to 4 ft) soil interval, the total excess lifetime cancer risk is 8 x 10s and
the hazard index is 4. The pathways which significantly contribute to this receptor are
ingestion (2 x 10'5), dermal exposure (5 x 10"6), and the ingestion of produce (5 x 10'5). In the
ingestion pathway, the cancer secondary COCs are arsenic (which contributes 84% of the
risk) and benzo(a)pyrene. The hazard index for the ingestion pathway is 2.4 and (he
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Record of Decision for the Fire Department Hose Training Facility (904-113G) WSRC-RP-97-171
Operable Unit (U) _ Revision 1
Savannah River Site, April 1998 Page 24 of 42
secondary COCs are iron (which contributes to 78% of the hazard); arsenic and vanadium.
The combined risk for the ingestion of produce is 5 x 10"5, the secondary COGs are arsenic
and benzo(a)pyrene, of which arsenic contributes 98% of the risk. A summary of the human
*.
health risks for soil and produce for the various land use scenarios is given in Table 9.
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