vvEPA
Unitse Statw Office of Err»rg«ncv 4
E ivironmentai Protection
Agencv Wa^mgton. DC 20460 AugUSt 1990
DESCRIPTIONS OF 106 SITES PLACED ON THE
FINAL NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST IN AUGUST 1990
This document consists of descriptions of the 106 sites (including 23
Federal facility sites) placed on the final National Priorities List (NPL) in
August 1990. Also included as an addendum are descriptions of United
Heckathorn Co., Richmond, California, added to the final NPL on March 14, 1990
(55 FR 9688) , and descriptions of 10 sites being dropped from the proposed NPL
at this time.
The size of the site is generally indicated, based on information
available at the time the site was scored using the Hazard Ranking System.
The size may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and
extent of contamination.
Sites are arranged alphabetically by State (two-letter abbreviations) and
by site name.
Remedial Actions Under Superfund
The Superfund program is authorized by the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) , enacted on December 11,
1980, and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) , enacted on
October 17, 1986. Under SARA, the Hazardous Substances Superfund pays the
costs not assumed by responsible parties for cleaning up hazardous waste sites
or emergencies that threaten public health, welfare, or the environment. The
Superfund program is managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) .
Two types of responses may be taken when a hazardous substance is
released (or threatens to be released) into the environment:
o Removal actions, emergency-type responses to imminent threats. SARA
limits these actions to 1 year and/or $2 million, with a waiver possible
if the actions are consistent with remedial actions. Removal actions
can be undertaken by the private parties responsible for the releases or
by the Federal Government using the Superfund.
responses, actions intended to provide permanent solutions at
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Rempdial responses are generally
longer-term and more expensive than removals. A Superfund remedial
response can be taken only if a site is on the NPL. After publishing
two preliminary lists and proposing a formal list, EPA published the
first NPL in September 1983 . The list must be updated at least
annually.
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The money for conducting a remedial response or removal action at a
hazardous waste site can come from several sources:
o The individuals or companies responsible for the problems
can clean up voluntarily with EPA or State supervision.
o The responsible party or parties can be forced to clean up
by Federal or State legal action.
o A State or local government can choose to assume the
responsibility to clean up without Federal dollars.
o Superfund can pay for the cleanup, then seek to recover
the costs from the responsible party or parties. %
A remedial response financed by Superfund is an orderly process that
generally involves the following steps:
o Take any measures needed to stabilize conditions, which
might involve, for example, fencing the site or removing
above-ground drums or bulk tanks.
o Undertake initial planning activities to scope out a
strategy for collecting information and analyzing
alternative cleanup approaches.
o Conduct a remedial investigation to characterize the type
and extent of contamination at the site and to assess the risks
posed by that contamination.
o Conduct a feasibility study to analyze various cleanup
alternatives. The feasibility study is often conducted
concurrently with the remedial investigation as one project.
Typically, the two together take from 18 to 24
months to complete and cost approximately $1.3 million.
o Select the cleanup alternative, after a period of public comment, that:
— Protects human health and the environment
— Complies with Federal and State requirements that are
applicable or relevant and appropriate
— Is "cost effective""— that is, affords results proportional to
the costs of the remedy.
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— Uses permanent solutions and alternative treatment technologies or
resource recovery technology to the maximum extent practicable.
o Design the remedy. Typically, the design phase takes 6 to 12
months to complete and costs approximately $1.5 million.
o Implement the remedy, which might involve, for example,
constructing facilities to treat ground water or removing
contaminants to a safe disposal area away from the site.
EPA expects the implementation (remedial action) phase to
average out at about $25 million (plus any costs to operate and
maintain the action) per site and to take 6 to 12 months.
The State government can participate in a remedial response under
Superfund in one of two ways:
o The State can take the lead role under a cooperative
agreement, which is much like a grant in that Federal
dollars are transferred to the State. The State then
develops a workplan, schedule, and budget, contracts for
any services it needs, and is responsible for making sure
that all the conditions in the cooperative agreement are
met. In contrast to a grant, EPA continues to be
substantially involved and monitors the State's progress
throughout the project.
o EPA can take the lead under a Superfund State Contract,
with the State having an advisory role. EPA, generally
using contractor support, manages work early in the
planning process. In the later design and implementation
phases, contractors do the work under the supervision of the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Under both arrangements, the
State must share in the cost of the implementation phase of
cleanup.
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National Priorities List
Comprehens1verEnvfronmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ARCTIC SURPLUS
Fairbanks, Alaska
Conditions at listing (October 1989): The Arctic Surplus Site covers 22
acres in the southeast part of Fairbanks, Alaska. The site is bounded to the
north by a residential subdivision, to the south by the Alaska Railroad, to
the west by Fort Wainwright, and to the east by low-density residential
property. Qn-site are a variety of buildings, storage trailers, and discarded
military equipment.
Salvage operations at the site were conducted from 1946 to 1976 by a
number of parties, including the Department of Defense. Approximately 3,500
to 4,000 drums are visible on-site. They contain unknown quantities of
various oils, fuels, and chemicals; many drums are leaking. Other wastes on-
site include unknown quantities of asbestos rolls, batteries and battery acid
that was drained onto the ground during battery recycling activities, and ash
piles from incineration of transformer casings.
In September 1988, contractors for the Alaska Department of Environmental
Conservation conducted a site inspection and detected significantly elevated
levels of lead, zinc, PCBs, phenanthrene, pyrene, and copper in on-site soils.
Ground water beneath the site is shallow and contains elevated levels of lead
and zinc. Over 12,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles
of the site.
In May and June 1989, EPA emergency staff assessed the site to determine
if a removal action was warranted. A drum inventory showed approximately
1,700 drums contained liquids or sludges, some flammable or corrosive.
Cnlordane, a very toxic pesticide, was detected in soils at concentrations as
high as 320,000 parts per million.
EPA started a removal action in September 1989 to stabilize the site and
to prevent unauthorized access. Leaking drums were overpacked, loose asbestos
was stabilized, and a chainlink fence was erected. Additional activities are
anticipated for the spring and summer of 1990.
Status (May 1990); On April 17, 1990 EPA issued a CERCLA Consent Order
to the Department of Defense (DOD) to complete the necessary removal
activities at the site. A second consent order with DOD, issued on June 21,
1990, calls for a removal action to address all surface and containerized
contaminants. The work is scheduled to be completed in two phases, from July
31 through October 15, 1990 and from June 1991 through completion.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EIMENDCRF AIR FORCE BASE
Greater Anchorage Area Borough, Alaska
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Elmendorf Air Force Base covers
13,100 acres in the Greater Anchorage Area Borough immediately north of
Anchorage, Alaska. The base is bounded to the west by Khik Arm of the Cook
Inlet, and to the east by Fort Richardson Army Base. Ship Creek flows along
the southern perimeter. In operation since 1940, this base now hosts the 21st
Tactical Fighter Wing.
Elmendorf is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
As part of IRP studies, the Air Force identified 12 areas where hazardous
materials had been generated, stored, used, or disposed of. All require
further investigation.
Initially, the Air Force focused on five areas. In the past, landfills
D-5 (now closed) and D-7 (still active) received a variety of hazardous
wastes, including lead acid batteries and waste solvents. The landfills,
unlined and unbermed, are in sandy and gravelly soils. Shop wastes, including
solvents and paint thinners, were disposed of in a naturally occurring unlined
trench designated as Site D-17. Site IS-1 is where fuel in Building 42-400
spilled into floor drains that fed into gravel-bottom dry wells. The last of
the five areas included in the initial investigation is Site SP5, where
approximately 60,000 gallons of aviation fuel JP-4 spilled, of which only
33,000 gallons were recovered.
During IRP activities in 1983-87, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene,
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroetnane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and lead were detected in on-site monitoring wells. An
estimated 121,000 Elmendorf employees and residents of Anchorage obtain
drinking water from a blended water system that draws primarily from surface
water but also uses wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base
on a standby basis.
EPA is reviewing the Air Force's workplan for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the base and identify alternatives for remedial action. She final workplan is
expected to be completed in the fall of 1989.
Status (May 1990); EPA, the Air Force, and the Alaska Department of
Environmental Conservation are negotiating an Interagency Agreement (IAG)
under CERCIA Section 120 that will facilitate the RI/FS. Ihe IAG is expected
to be signed in August 1990. Ihe Air Force will submit RI/FS workplans for
units specified in the IAG under an agreed upon time schedule.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PORT WAINWRIGHT
Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Fort Wainwright, in Fairbanks North
Star Borough near Fairbanks, Alaska, was established in 1947. Its primary
mission is to train soldiers and test equipment in arctic conditions.
Industrial operations primarily involve maintenance of aircraft and vehicles.
Fort Wainwright consists of a cantonment area (4,473 acres) on the
eastern border of Fairbanks, a range complex (8,825 acres), and two maneuver
areas (898,306 acres). Among contaminated areas on the cantonment area is a
50-acre sanitary landfill that has received waste oil, waste fuel, spent
solvents, paint residues, and fuel tank sludge since the mid-1950s. The
landfill is an unlined unbermed area that is built up higher than the
surrounding terrain. A second contaminated area is the proposed North Family
Housing Area, which is 3,500 feet from the landfill. The Army used the area
for storage of petroleum products, solvents, and other chemicals and for
disposal of power plant ash and slag, which contain heavy metals such as
chromium and mercury.
Fort Wainwright is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. In 1985 and 1986, as part of IRP studies, lead and chromium were
detected in monitoring wells at the landfill; in 1987, chromium and
tetrahydrofuran were detected in monitoring wells at the proposed housing
area, and chromium was detected in soil. An estimated 11,000 people,
including the entire population at Fort Wainwright (10,900 people), obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the fort.
The Qiena River is used for sport fishing within 3 miles downstream.
The Army is developing a workplan for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the fort and identify alternatives for remedial action. The workplan is
expected to be completed in the fall of 1989.
Status (May 1990); EPA, the Army, and the Alaska Department of
Environmental Conservation are in the preliminary stages of negotiating an
Interagency Agreement (IAG) under CERCTA Section 120 that will facilitate the
RI/FS. The IAG is expected to be signed in September 1990. The Army will
submit RI/FS workplans for units specified in the IAG under an agreed upon
time schedule.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
STANDARD STEEL & METAL SALVAGE YARD (USDOT)
Anchorage, Alaska
Oonditions at listing (July 1989); The Standard Steel & Metal Salvage
Yard cavers 6.2 acres in a heavily industrialized area of Anchorage, Alaska.
The Federal Railroad Administration, part of the U.S. Department of
Transportation (USDOT), acquired the land in the 1920s.
Since 1972, the land has been leased to several different recyclers whose
activities included reclamation of PCB-contaminated electrical transformers,
processing of various types of equipment and drums from nearby military bases,
and salvaging of assorted batteries. In November 1982, the land was leased to
Standard Steel & Metals, which subsequently filed for bankruptcy, although it
is still operating.
In May 1987, EPA detected high levels of lead and PCBs and lower levels
of tetrachloroethylene in on-site ground water. Over 121,000 people obtain
drinking water from blended water systems that draw primarily from surface
water but also use wells within 3 miles of the site on a stand-by basis.
In November 1985, EPA detected low levels of PCBs in sediment of nearby
Ship Creek, which is used for sport fishing.
Using CERCLA emergency funds, EPA has conducted removal actions at the
site during the summer seasons starting in 1986. EPA removed surface wastes
— including an estimated 8,500 batteries, 175 transformers, 1,100 drums, 3
bulk storage tanks, assorted containers, and metal debris—and transported the
materials to EPA-regulated disposal facilities. Work during the 1988 season
completed the removal action by securing the site in preparation for long-
term cleanup. EPA's 1988 activities included sealing the soil surface in the
most highly contaminated areas, removing the remaining containers of hazardous
materials, and reworking and strengthening the security fence.
EPA plans to negotiate for further cleanup with parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site.
Status (May 1990): EPA has completed preliminary contacts with the State
and USDOT for this site. An Interagency Agreement under CERCLA Section 120
will be negotiated to facilitate investigation and cleanup.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
T. H. AGRICULTURE & NUTRITION 00. (MONTGOMERY PLANT)
Montgomery, Alabama
Conditions at listing (June 1988); T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Co.
formerly distributed pesticides from a plant on the Birmingham Highway on the
west side of downtown Montgomery, Montgomery County, Alabama. During the
1970s and possibly late 1960s, the company operated under the name
Thompson-Hayward Chemical Co. The plant closed in 1980. The company changed
its name to T. H. Agriculture & Nutrition Co. in 1981.
While the plant was in operation, insecticides, herbicides, and possibly
other chemical wastes were buried in pits and trenches covering about 1 acre
of the plant's 11.6 acres. In 1981, the company excavated about 2,900 cubic
yards of contaminated soils and wastes and transported them to a hazardous
waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act.
Lindane, which the plant distributed, is present in wells on and off the
site, according to tests conducted by the State and others. Montgomery's
water supply division has 21 wells within 3 miles of the site. The system
serves an estimated 250,000 people.
Prior to Thompson-Hayward's ownership of the plant, a company that
handled water treatment chemicals operated on the site. In 1986, T. H.
Agriculture sold the plant site but retained responsibility for site cleanup.
Site ownership has changed frequently since then. Capitol City Insulation,
Inc., now occupies the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA conducted a search for parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site. EPA has sent letters to the
four parties identified informing them of their potential liability.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MONROE AUTO EQUIPMENT CO. (PARAGOUID PIT)
Paragould, Arkansas
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The Monroe Auto Equipment Co. Pit
covers 4 acres including a 1-acre disposal area on Finch Road in Paragould,
Greene County, Arkansas. The area around the site is rural.
In 1973, the company received temporary approval from the Arkansas
Department of Pollution Control to dispose of electoplating sludges into a pit
that had formerly been mined for sand and gravel. During 1973-78, the company
buried approximately 15,400 cubic yards of sludge containing iron, nickel,
chromium, and zinc in the pit. The sludges also contained trichloroethylene
and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which were used as degreasers during the
electroplating process.
On-site monitoring wells and a private drinking water well 300 feet
southeast (downgradient) of the pit are contaminated with 1,1-dichloroethane
and 1,2-dichloroethylene, according to tests conducted in 1987-88 by the
Arkansas Department of Health and a Monroe consultant. The consultant also
found arsenic, nickel, and lead in the monitoring wells. An estimated 2,100
people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (May 1990): Monroe continues to monitor ground water at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
APACHE POWDER CO.
St. David, Arizona
Conditions at listing (June 1986); Apache Powder Co. manufactured
nitroglycerine-based explosives from 1922 to 1963 and ammonium nitrate from
1963 to the present at a 945-acre property near St. David, Cochise County,
Arizona. Prior to 1971, all waste water was drained to on-site dry washes
that are tributaries to the San Pedro River. Since that time, waste water has
been contained in unlined ponds ranging from 6 to 8 feet deep. About 15 ponds
covering 10 acres are present on-site, of which 5 to 10 were in use at any one
time. The waste water contains elevated levels of nitrate. In 1982, the
Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) found more than 60,000 parts per
million of nitrate-nitrogen in waste water. Soil in the bottom of the dry
ponds also contained high levels of nitrate-nitrogen, as did ash in a burning
ground located in a dry wash.
In 1980, EPA detected toxic heavy metals in one lagoon at levels above
drinking water standards. In 10 shallow wells believed to be downgradient of
Apache Powder, ADHS and the Southeastern Arizona Governments Organization
detected nitrate-nitrogen in excess of drinking water standards. At one time,
8 of the 10 wells were used for drinking water.
A deeper artesian aquifer is not contaminated to date, but there may be
danger of contamination in the future.
ADHS has also detected elevated nitrate levels in the San Pedro River,
which borders the plant.
Status (June 1988): After this site was proposed in June 1986,
procedural and technical issues arose. Hence, EPA re-evaluated the site and
changed its score on the Hazard Ranking System, which EPA uses to assess sites
for the NPL. Consequently, EPA is reproposing this site to allow an
additional 60-day comment period.
Status (Mav 1990); In the summer of 1988, EPA confirmed the presence of
nitrates in private wells and in the San Pedro River and also found elevated
levels of nitrates and heavy metals in pond sediments.
EPA has issued a Unilateral Administrative Order requiring Apache
Nitrogen Products (formerly Apache Powder Co.) to conduct a remedial
investio^tion/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Field work is underway. The RI/FS is scheduled to be completed in the spring
of 1992.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
Glendale, Arizona
Conditions at listing (July 19891; Luke Air Force Base occupies 4,198
acres in Glendale, Maricopa County, Arizona, 13 miles west of downtown
Ehoenix. The base is located within the Sonoran Desert and rests on a broad
alluvium-filled valley within the western portion of Phoenix Basin.
Industrial-type operations started in 1941 and were comparatively small until
1946. After a period of deactivation, the base resumed operations in 1951.
During the 1950s, larger quantities of wastes were generated by the expanded
maintenance required for the new jet aircraft assigned to the base.
Luke Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP studies identified a number of potentially
contaminated areas, including five where hazardous wastes were disposed of.
At the Waste Treatment Annex (Site No. 2), a small quantity of low-level
radioactive electron tubes, believed to be encased in concrete, was buried in
a pit 12 feet deep in 1956.
the Perimeter Road Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants (POL) Waste Application
Site (Site No. 4) was used during approximately 1951-70. POL wastes were
spread on the dirt road around the runway at the western portion of the base.
The majority of the wastes consisted of contaminated JP-4 fuel, with some
diesel fuel, waste engine oils, and waste solvents. Among the substances that
may have been included were methyl ethyl ketone, trichloroethane,
trichloroethylene, toluene, cresylic acid, o-dichlorobenzene, phenolic paint
strippers, acetone, and paint residues and thinners.
The POL Waste Disposal Trench Site (Site No. 5) was used during about
1970-72. POL wastes were disposed of in numerous trenches approximately 1.5
feet deep and in a shallow lagoon at the northeast comer of the site.
The South Fire Department Training Area (Site No. 6) was used during
1941-46, and again during approximately 1951-63. POL wastes were poured onto
old aircraft or simulated aircraft in a cleared, bermed area and then set on
fire.
The North Fire Department Training Area (Site No. 7) was used during
approximately 1963-73. The disposal method was similar to Site No. 6. In
November 1983, eight water supply wells on the base were sampled as part of
IRP. Analysis indicated that two of the wells had low levels of
1,2-dichloroethane and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene. Soil near one of the wells
contained 1,2-dichloroethane. An estimated 10,400 people obtain drinking
water from base and private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
the base.
Status (May 1990); EPA, the State, and the Air Force are negotiating an
Interagency Agreement under CERdA Section 120 to cover future activities at
the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES, INC. (Building 915)
Sunnyvale, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
(Building 915) Site covers 5.5 acres at 915 De Guigne Drive in Sunnyvale,
Santa Clara County, California. The company manufactures seminductor/micro-
processor devices on the site. Three NEL sites are nearby: Advanced Micro
Devices, Inc., placed on the NPL in June, 1986; Signetics, Inc., proposed in
October 1984; and TRW Microwave, Inc., proposed in June 1988. The sites are
owned and operated by semconductor/microprocessor manufacturers and have
contributed to a commingled plume of ground water contaminated with organic
solvents.
Building 915 was constructed on former agricultural land in 1973. At
that time, three underground acid neutralization tanks were installed to the
north of the building. The building's operations also involved underground
tanks for storage of waste organic solvents. In 1981, the company identified
trichlorobenzene in wells near the building. High levels of other solvents,
including trichloroethylene, were present in on-site soils. According to the
California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB), soil contamination
resulted from leaking tanks and spills during the handling of solvents.
Contamination from Building 915 has the potential to reach nearby deeper
ground water (230-700 feet) that supplies municipal wells within 3 miles and
provides drinking water to an estimated 201,000 people in Santa Clara,
Sunnyvale, and Mountain View.
In January 1982, the company completed removal of three tanks and
approximately 5,600 yards of contaminated soil and transported the materials
to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Since late 1982, Advanced Micro Devices
and Signetics have operated a system to pump out contaminated ground water,
treat it with activated carbon, and discharge the treated water to Calabasas
Creek and South San Francisco Bay.
On June 21, 1984, CRWQCB issue a Cleanup and Abatement Order under the
California Water Code requiring Advanced Micro Devices, Signetics, and TRW
Microwave to develop a joint plan preventing further contaminant migration.
Since October 1985, under CRWQCB supervision, Advanced Micro Devices has
been operating a system to pump out contaminated ground water, treat it by air
stripping, and discharge the treated water to Calabasfis Creek and South San
Francisco Bay. In October 1986, the company submitted to CRWQCB a study of
hydrogeological conditions and a plan for remedial action.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of RCRA when it
filed a Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity and Part A of a permit
application to treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste. Later, it
withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-only status with EPA or State
approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (May 1990); EPA and CRWQCB are reviewing a draft remedial
investigation report submitted by Advanced Micro Devices. The facility now
uses about 80% of the treated ground water as process water before it is
discharged to the local sewage treatment system.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CRAZY HORSE SANITARY lANDFILL
Salinas, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Crazy Horse Sanitary Landfill is
on Crazy Horse Canyon Road within the southeastern portion of the hilly region
in Salinas in northern Monterey County, California. The 125-acre site is
owned by the City of Salinas and operated by Salinas Disposal Services. Prior
to 1950, the site operated as an open burning dump. Since 1950, it has been a
sanitary landfill. In 1977, it received a permit from the California Regional
Water Quality Control Board (CFS^2CB) to accept residential, commercial, and
nonhazardous industrial wastes. Some pesticide containers have been disposed
of at the facility after triple-rinsing as required by California law. The
CRWQCB permit prohibits accepting hazardous waste. According to Firestone
Tire & Rubber Co., its plant in Salinas disposed of large quantities of
"banbury" wastes (which include rubber materials, carbon black, other fillers,
and oils) and mixed solvents (mainly benzene and toluene) at the site from the
early 1970s to about 1982.
In February 1985, CRW2CB sampled three downgradient residential wells.
They were found to be contaminated with volatile organic chemicals, including
benzene and toluene. An estimated 6,200 people obtain drinking water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
A consultant to the City of Salinas conducted an extensive ground water
investigation in March 1985 to determine if the site is a source of the off-
site residential well contamination. The consultant concluded that the site
is one of the sources. However, the analytical results suggested that there
may be a secondary source on private property adjacent to the landfill.
Following the investigation, Salinas started to implement a system to clean up
contaminated ground water.
In June 1987, Salinas purchased the homes with contaminated wells and
bulldozed them. The city also pumped water from wells in an attempt to
stabilize the ground water contamination.
Status (May 1990): In May 1989, Salinas completed the ground water
system, which involves pumping contaminated ground water to the surface via 23
extraction wells, passing it through a passive air stripper, and treating the
gases removed in the stripper with activated carbon before they are discharged
to the atmosphere. Some treated water is injected into the subsurface and
some is used for dust control. EPA continues to monitor the remedial work at
the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE
Kern County, California
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB) is in
Kern, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino Counties, California, occupying
approximately 800 square miles in the western portion of the Mojave Desert.
The base has been in operation since 1933. Its primary mission is to conduct
research and development on new aircraft.
EAFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
Under IRP, the Air Force has identified 21 waste areas at the facility.
The Main/South Base area, at the western edge of Rogers Dry lake, is the
primary area for maintenance and refueling of aircraft. On several occasions,
large amounts of fuel have been spilled in the area, and poor disposal
practices have released organic solvents to the ground. Also in the area are
an abandoned sanitary landfill containing pesticides and heavy metals, an area
where electroplating wastes were dumped, and the industrial waste pond, which
contains sediments rich in heavy metals.
Trichloroethylene, trans-l^-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane,
tetrachloroethylene, and methylene chloride are present in ground water
underlying the Main/South Base area, according to a 1987 IRP report. EAFB's
13,800 employees obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the
Main/South Base area.
There is no perennial surface water at EAFB.
The Air Force has completed an initial assessment of the base and is now
conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type
and extent of contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Status (May 1990); The Air Force is reviewing previous studies to
determine any additional data needed to fully characterize known waste areas.
EPA, the State, and the Air Force are negotiating an Interagency
Agreement under CERCXA Section 120 covering response activities at the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Supcrfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (C^RCLA) as amended in 1986
HEXCEL CORP.
Livermore, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Hexcel Corp. operates on a 22-acre
site in Livermore, Alameda County, California. The company formulates and
reacts plastic resins for coatings and adhesives and custcm-inpregnates
fabrics for production of reinforced parts for the aerospace industry. Two
documented spills occurred at the site in 1983. In the first, 600 gallons of
AP-92 solvent, which consists of methylene chloride, methyl ethyl ketone
(NEK), acetone, and isopropyl alcohol, leaked from subsurface plumbing. In
the second, 1,500 gallons of MEK were released when a valve on a storage tank
was left open.
In March 1983, after the first spill, the California Regional Water
Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order under the
California Water Code charging Hexcel with improper waste management. Under
the order, Hexcel was to investigate the extent of contamination, clean up
soil and ground water, and prevent future spills.; Hexcel excavated the tank
and drilled a well to recover as much of the solvent as possible.
Approximately 500 gallons of the second spill were recovered, but the rest
migrated to the excavated tank area. Consultants to Hexcel identified
dimethyl formamide in on-site soil and monitoring wells and MEK and acetone in
the wells. Monitoring continues to define the extent of contamination. An
estimated 50,000 people obtain drinking water and 2,800 acres of agricultural
land are irrigated from wells within 3 miles of the site.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste. Later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-
only status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of
EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (May 1990): On May 16, 1990, CRWQCB issued a Site Cleanup Order
to Hexcel, which rescinds the March 1983 order. Ihe new order calls for a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) meeting CERdA requirements.
Ihe RI/FS will determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
INEOSIKEAL WASTE PROCESSING
Fresno, California
Conditions at listing (October 1989): Industrial Waste Processing (IWP)
occupies approximately 0.5 acre at 7140 North Harrison Street in Fresno,
Fresno County, California. Ihe area is primarily residential, with some light
industrial commercial operations. During 1957-81, IWP principally recycled
solvents and lead solder. During 1977-83, IWP operated as a distributor for
Ashland Oil. Since 1983, the site has been used solely for storage of
chemicals and equipment.
During an inspection in June 1988, EPA observed piles of waste lead
solder flux and leaking asbestos bags stored on bare ground, and glycols and
chlorinated solvents stored in open and leaking drums. EPA analysis of on-
site soil identified numerous compounds, including lead, trichloroethylene
(TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), dichloroethylene (DCE), 1,1,2,2-
tetrachloroethane (PCA), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA).
EPA has designated Fresno County Aquifer, which underlies the Fresno
area, a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Three
municipal water systems have a total of 83 supply wells within 3 miles of IWP
that draw from the Fresno County Aquifer. ' As of November 1988, at least
13 of these wells contained organic solvents, including TCE, PCE, and DCE,
according to EPA tests. In May 1988, Pinedale County Water District Well #3
was closed due to contamination by organic solvents. The well, which is the
closest municipal well to IWP (within 0.25 mile directly downgradient), had
390 parts per billion, the highest concentration of TCE detected to date. One
active well within 2,000 feet of IWP supplies water to the Nelson Elementary
School. Municipal supply wells within 3 miles of IWP are part of a
distribution system that serves over 300,000 people in the Fresno area.
In August 1988, EPA used CERdA emergency funds to remove all surface
wastes at the site and the top 2 inches of soil. The materials were
transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Status (May 1990); The California Department of Health Services (DHS)
has listed the site on the California State Bond Expenditure Plan. In May
1990, DHS completed a sampling plan calling for collecting on-site boring
samples and installing three monitoring wells upgradient of the site and three
downgradient. Work is scheduled to start in the fall of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
INTERSIL, INC./SHMENS CCMPCNEWIS
Cupertino, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Intersil, Inc., and. Siemens
Components have manufactured semiconductors for several years on two locations
near one another covering 15 acres in Cupertino, Santa Clara County,
California. The facilities are surrounded by residential, industrial, and
business areas.
Investigations conducted in 1982 as part of the California Regional Water
Quality Control Board's underground tank leak detection program found organic
solvents, including trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
tetrachloroethylene, trichlorofluoroethane, and 1,1-dichloroethylene, in soils
on the site and in ground water on and off the site. Contamination is
believed to have resulted from localized spills and from leaking underground
storage tanks, piping, and other equipment involving the two companies. More
than 300,000 people obtain drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of
the site.
Siemens and Intersil began remedial investigations at the site in 1982
and 1983, respectively, under State supervision. The underground storage
tanks were removed, and in 1983 a system was installed to extract gases from
soil; the system was expanded in 1985.
In June 1986, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board issued
Waste Discharge Requirements under the California Water Code requiring both
companies to determine the extent of contamination in ground water and soils.
In July 1986, a system was installed to pump contaminated ground water in
the uppermost aquifer to the surface and treat it. Since April 1988, a pump
and treat system for the two uppermost aquifers has been in full-scale
operation. Intersil stopped operations in 1988, and all remaining underground
equipment was removed.
Status (May 1990): In February 1990, the two companies released draft
reports of remedial investigations/feasibility studies for the site and off-
site downgradient areas. Interim off-site remedial activities are scheduled
to begin in June 1990. Also in June 1990, the State plans to issue tentative
site cleanup requirements and hear public comments on the proposed remedial
action plan.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LAWRENCE LIVERMDKE NATIONAL LABORATORY (SITE 300) (USDOE)
Liverraore, California
Conditions at listing (July 1989): Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL) (Site 300) covers approximately 11 square miles north of
Corral Hollow Road near the City of Livermore, California, straddling the
Alameda/San Joaquin County line. The area is rural. LLNL was first owned by
the Atomic Energy Commission. It is now owned by the U.S. Department of
Energy (USDOE) and operated by the University of California. The main LLNL
site, located 15 miles west of Site 300, was placed on the NFL in July 1987.
Site 300's primary mission since its inception in 1955 has been to test
high explosives. It has also operated a number of solid waste landfills,
accepting waste from the LLNL main site, Site 300, and Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratory. Land disposal ceased at Site 300 in November 1988. Site 300 also
formerly maintained a number of waste lagoons and dry wells for disposal of
liquid wastes and waste waters. The dry wells have been removed from service,
and .the lagoons have been replaced by two double-lined surface impoundments.
The lagoons are scheduled to be capped in the summer of 1989.
Tests conducted in 1983 by an LLNL contractor detected trichloroethylene
(TCE), trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in on-site
monitoring wells. Soil is also contaminated. These chlorinated hydrocarbons
are found in the vicinity of Buildings 834, 830, and 817 and Pit 5. The
highest concentrations are of TCE near Building 834. TCE is used as a cooling
and heating agent to test the stability of various high explosive compounds
and is stored near Building 834 for distribution through aboveground piping.
A leak was suspected as the source of soil and ground water contamination.
Approximately 350 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of
Site 300, most of them on Site 300 itself.
During 1983 and 1984, T.T.T. observed increases in tritium concentrations in
shallow monitoring wells downgradient from experimental and waste disposal
areas in the west firing area of Site 300. The shallow aquifer is not a
present or potential source of drinking water.
In 1989, EPA issued a corrective action order under Section 3008 (h) of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The State has issued a
draft Cleanup and Abatement Order. In the summer of 1989, USDOE plans to
complete a feasibility study identifying alternatives for cleanup at Site 300.
Status (May 1990); LLNL has completed capping the lagoons. LLNL is
appealing the RCRA order to EPA. The State draft order is pending resolution
of the RCRA order.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
^ "*•»•»» (CERCLAI as amended in
SULfflUR BANK MERCURY MINE
Clear lake, California
Conditions at listing (June 19881 ; The Sulphur Bank Mercury (SEM) Mine
is on the east shore of the Oaks Arm of Clear Lake, Lake County, California.
The area was initially mined for sulfur during 1865-68. Mercury ore was mined
by underground methods during 1899-1902 and 1915-18. The majority of the
mercury ore was mined using open pit methods during 1922-47 and 1955-57. The
mine, once one of the largest producers of mercury in California, has been
inactive since 1957 and is presently owned by Bradley Mining Co. (BMC) of San
Francisco.
Approximately 120 acres of tailings and an open, unlined mine pit (called
the Herman Pit) are on the property. The mine tailings extend into the Oaks
Arm of Clear Lake along 1,320 feet of shoreline. The Herman Pit covers
approximately 23 acres and is 750 feet upgradient of the lake. The pit is
filled with water to a depth of 150 feet.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) is
coordinating an ongoing investigation of SBM. Department of Health Services,
Department of Fish and Game, and CRWQCB analyses indicate that mercury is
present in the tailings and in the biota and bottom sediments in the Oaks Arm
of Clear Lake. The levels of mercury in fish from Clear Lake led the State to
issue an advisory on May 14, 1986 against consumption of the fish. The lake
is a major recreational area.
On March 13 , 1987 , CRWQCB informed BMC that the Herman Pit is regulated
under the Toxic Pits Cleanup Act (TPCA) . Under the act, BMC is required to
submit a Hydrogeologic Assessment Report (HAR) . The property owners are
conducting a waste characterization study of the site prior to submitting a
HAR to determine if the site may be exempt from TPCA.
On November 4, 1987, CRWQCB awarded a contract for a pollution abatement
study of the Oaks Arm of Clear lake and the adjacent mine site. The study is
scheduled to be completed in early 1989.
An estimated 4,700 people obtain drinking water from Clearlake Oaks Water
District wells about 1 mile from the site.
Status (May 1990) ; The property owners submitted their HAR to CRWQCB in
July 1988. CRWQCB exempted the Herman Pit from TPCA in April 1990.
CRWQCB1 s study of Clear Lake was completed in late 1989. It indicated
that the largest continued input of mercury to Clear Lake is probably from
erosion of waste rock and tailings into the lake.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TRACY DEFENSE DEPOT
Tracy, California
Conditions at listing (July 1989); The Tracy Defense Depot cavers 448
acres 1.5 miles southwest of Tracy, San Joaquin County, California. The area
around the depot is primarily grassland and agricultural. The site was an
Army Supply Depot from when it was activated in 1942. In 1963 it was turned
over to the Defense Logistics Agency. Special operations include repacking
leaking chemical containers, fumigation of shipping materials, vehicle
maintenance, painting, storage of chemicals, derusting and preserving of metal
parts, operation of chemical and photographic laboratories, storage and mixing
of pesticides, and storage and treatment of liquid and solid wastes.
Liquid waste treatment/storage areas include two unlined sewage effluent
ponds, two abandoned sewage lagoons, two lined industrial waste water ponds,
an abandoned paint spraying/stripping rinse water pond, an abandoned trench
where 150 drums of lubricating oil reportedly were buried, an unlined pond for
holding storm water, an abandoned pesticide disposal trench, an abandoned area
where substantial amounts of formaldehyde were buried, and aboveground and
belowground waste tanks. Also, liquid wastes were formerly stored on-site in
an unpaved area, and solvents, radiological commodities, medical supplies, and
solid and liquid chemicals were disposed of in three burning pits.
Former solid waste treatment/storage areas include a fill area where food
items were buried, a fill area where construction material was buried, and
three impoundments where wastes containing mercury phosphate compounds were
stored. Currently, all solid hazardous waste is hauled off-site to facilities
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Tracy Defense Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. In 1985, IRP tests indicated the shallow aquifer below
the site, which extends from 15 feet to 250 feet below the surface, is
contaminated with trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. The water in the
aquifer, however, is generally too saline for most uses. Municipal, private,
and irrigation wells are within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the depot.
Water from Tracy's municipal well, which is within 3 miles of the site, is
blended with water from other wells and from Delta Mendota Canal to provide
drinking water to an estimated 28,600 people.
The Defense Logistics Agency is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the depot and identify alternatives for remedial action. The State is review-
ing the depot's proposal to undertake an interim remedial measure involving
pumping and treating ground water to remove contamination.
Status (May 1990); A public meeting was held in May 1990 on the plan to
pump and treat contaminated ground water. The State is reviewing the depot's
draft RI/FS plan.
EPA, the State, and the Defense Logistics Agency will negotiate an
Interagency Agreement under CERCLA Section 120 covering response activities at
the depot.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WATKINS-JOHNSON CO. (STEWART DIVISION PIANT)
Scctts Valley California
Conditions at listing (January 1987); The Watkins-xJohnson Co. (Stewart
Division Plant) has manufactured industrial furnaces and electrical parts
since 1965 on a 3-acre site in Sootts Valley, Santa Cruz County, California.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRW2CB) and Watkins-
Johnson's consultant have detected organic chemicals, including
trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, dichloroethylene, and
Freon in soil and ground water on the site. The contamination is apparently
the result of improper handling of hazardous waste.
Early in July 1986, CRW2CB issued Waste Discharge Requirements to the
company. The requirements are the CFWQCB's legal mechanism for regulating
activities at facilities under its jurisdiction. Later in July, CRWQCB issued
a Cleanup and Abatement Order to the company. In response, Watkins-Johnson
has begun an interim program to pump and treat contaminated ground water.
Wells within 3 miles of the site draw on the Santa Margarita Aquifer,
designated by EPA as* a sole source of drinking water in the area. An
estimated 12,000 people use the wells.
Status (May 1990): On September 21, 1987, Watkins-Johnson and EPA signed
an Administrative Order on Consent under which the company has conducted a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action. Watkins-Johnson submitted the final RI report in April 1989 and the
final FS report in November 1989. The remedy is scheduled to be completed in
the summer of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTERN PACIFIC RAILROAD CO.
Oroville, California
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Western Pacific Railroad Co.
operated a 90-acre rail yard from approximately 1920 to 1983 at a location
2 miles south of Oroville, Butte County, California. Union Pacific Co.
purchased the facility in January 1983. On the facility was a wooden
structure encompassing approximately 3 acres, known as the round house, which
was used to fuel, repair, service, and clean railcars. Specific activities
conducted at the roundhouse include sandblasting, welding, cutting, and
fabricating. As a result of these activities, waste solvents, oils, grease,
and waste waters containing heavy metals were discharged to an unlined surface
impoundment until October 1987.
In October 1985, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS)
detected arsenic, barium, copper, nickel, and chromium in soil and sludge in
the impoundment. Chromium was also detected in a monitoring well adjacent to
the impoundment. In addition, a consultant to CDHS found benzene and toluene
in soil and sludge in the inpoundment in August and October 1987.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) is
investigating the site. According to CRWQCB, ground water occurs at 30 feet
and is connected to deeper ground water that is a source of drinking water;
soils are permeable. These conditions facilitate movement of contaminants
into ground water.
Four California Water Service Co. wells are within 3 miles of the site.
Water from the wells is blended with water from Feather River to serve the
company's 10,000 customers. One of the wells is on the site and is leased
from Western Pacific. Between 1984 and 1986, California Water Service
detected dichloroethylene in the well.
Feather River is 1 mile from the site in the direction surface water
drains. The river is used for recreational activities.
In January 1989, CRWQCB issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order to Union
Pacific and Salano Railcar, which has leased 5 acres of the site from Union
Pacific since 1970. Work underway includes sampling of abandoned water supply
wells to determine the best way to seal them, installation of a water
separator to collect run-off from locomotives, and installation of equipment
to prevent run-off.
Status (May 1990); Under the Cleanup and Abatement Order, Union Pacific
has removed the soils and sludges associated with the surface impoundment,
closed two 30-gallon concrete sumps, removed an underground tank, closed an
underground oil/water separator, and replaced the separator with an
aboveground unit. Studies are underway to characterize contaminated soils in
the fueling area and adjacent to the old separator.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEMICAL SALES CD.
Denver, Colorado
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Chemical Sales Co. is a family-owned
chemical distribution business located at 4661 Monaco Street in an industrial
area of Denver, Denver County, Colorado! The company has operated on the 10-
acre property since 1977.
The chemicals handled include ketones, alcohols, aliphatic compounds, and
chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and methylene chloride. Some chemicals are purchased in bulk and stored in
tanks from which they are transferred to drums or other containers for sale.
In August 1985, the company reported a spill of chlorinated solvents to the
Colorado Department of Health. Another spill of water and hydrocarbons was
reported in April 1986.
' ; ;•)?>•• . •
"•• EPA tests conducted in late 1986 detected trichloroethylene,
tetraqhloroethylene, trichloroethane, methylene chloride, and chloroform in
on-site wells and downgradient off-site wells. An estimated 33,000 people
obtain drinking water from South Adams County Water and Sanitation District
wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (May 1990); In September 1989, EPA and Chemical Sales Co. entered
into a CERGXA Administrative Order on Consent that requires the company to
conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
In October 1989, EPA completed construction of a plant to treat
contaminated ground water going .to Sanitation District wells.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHESHIRE GROUND WATER (X3NTAMINATION
Cheshire, Connecticut
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Cheshire Ground Water
Contamination Site is on West Johnson Avenue in Cheshire, New Haven County,
Connecticut. The site was originally proposed as "Cheshire Associates
Property". Investigations subsequent to proposal indicate that ground water
contamination in the area cannot be attributed solely to the Cheshire
Associates property. Ihe site is now considered a plume of contaminated
ground water from an unknown source.
According to the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
(CT DEP), Cheshire Associates, a New York-based partnership, has owned the 15-
acre property at 604 West Johnson Avenue since 1966. Over the years, the
property has been leased to a variety of tenants, including Valley National
Corp. (1966-79) and Cheshire Molding Co. (1979-80). Both companies
manufactured plastic molding; neither kept records of disposal practices or
waste quantities. Airpax Corp. Plant 2, the current lessee, has occupied the
premises since 1983. The company manufactures electrochemical and electronic
devices, disposing of its wastes on-site in accordance with State regulations.
Cheshire Associates has never occupied the premises.
In 1980, General Electric Co., a prospective buyer of the Cheshire
Associates property, determined that soil and ground water were contaminated
by hydrocarbons, that ground water was unsuitable for drinking, and that
drinking water supplies near the site were endangered.
In 1983, CT DEP signed a Consent Agreement with Cheshire Associates
requiring the company to remove contaminated soil on its property and to
monitor eight volatile organic compounds in two private wells semiannually for
5 years. In October 1983, Cheshire removed 20 cubic yards of contaminated
soil to an EPA-regulated landfill. Recent semiannual sampling indicates low
concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene, benzene, zylenes, and tetrachloroethylene in the private
wells.
In June 1985, EPA found low concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-
dichloroethylene, and 1,1-dichloroethane in shallow wells on the Cheshire
Associates Property and in a bedrock well at 657 West Johnson Avenue, which
has been taken out of service. Approximately 160 people within 1 mile of the
site use private wells. Cheshire municipal wells serving 22,900 people are
2.1 miles southeast of the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA is planning to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NEW LONDON SUBMARINE BASE
New London, Connecticut
Conditions at listing (October 1989): The New London Submarine Base
covers 1,412 acres on the east bank of the Thames River, New London, New
London County, Connecticut. The area around the base is mixed industrial,
commercial, and residential property. Established in 1916, the base serves
primarily as an operation and support base for submarine activities in the
Atlantic Ocean.
The base is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
Under IRP, the Navy has identified 16 potential hazardous waste disposal areas
and has extensively studied three areas.
From 1957 to 1973, volatile organic compounds, pesticides, PCBs, spent
battery acids, and other waste were buried below the water table in the 25-
acre Area A Landfill, located on base wetlands. The second area currently
being investigated is the Defense Property Disposal Operations area, which was
used as a burning ground and landfill from 1950 to 1969. The third area is
the Over Bank Disposal Area, which operated from 1957 to the 1970s.
According to Navy tests conducted in 1984, sediment and surface water in
and around Area A are contaminated with lead, cadmium, 4,4-DDD, and 4,4-DDT.
Ground water in some areas is as shallow as 10 feet below the surface, and
soils are permeable. These conditions potentially threaten ground water,
which provides drinking water to 3,500 to 5,000 people within 3 miles of the
base.
Status (May 1990): EPA plans to negotiate an Interagency Agreement with
the Navy under CERdA Section 120 to cover the remedial activities to be
conducted.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEM-SOLV, INC.
Cheswold, Delaware
Conditions at listing (January 1987); Chem-Solv, Inc., started a small
solvent distillation facility in 1982 on 1.5 acres in Cheswold, Rent County,
Delaware. Ihe company recycled waste solvents by placing a drum on an
electric coil heater, which distilled the solvents into a second drum. The
contents of the second drum were filtered into a third drum, which was
returned to the customer. Ihe residues remaining after distillation were
classified as hazardous waste under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) and were stored on-site.
On September 7, 1984, an explosion and fire destroyed the distillation
facility. At the time, witnesses observed fluids flowing off a concrete pad
into the soil. On September 21, 1984 and January 31, 1985, the Delaware
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DDNRBC) ordered the
company under State law to cease operations immediately, monitor ground water,
and remove all contaminated soil. The company took no action.
DDNREC conducted studies to characterize the upper Columbia Aquifer
adjacent to the site. DDNREC detected high concentrations of organic
chemicals, including trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-tridiloroethane, and
1,1-dichloroethane, in on-site soils and ground water on- and off-site. Both
upper and lower zones of the Columbia Aquifer are contaminated. About
5,500 residents are served by private wells within 3 miles of the site.
In September 1985, DDNREC excavated contaminated soil and began using a
process that passes air through the soil to remove volatile organic compounds.
The air-stripping process reduced contamination to levels that permitted
returning the soil to the excavated area. In December 1985, DDNREC started to
recover and treat the volatile organics in the upper Columbia Aquifer.
DDNREC has filed suit against Chem-Solv to recover the money it has
spent. The company has declared itself financially insolvent.
When Chem-Solv started operations, it filed Part A of a RCRA permit
application, giving the company Interim Status as a storage facility. In
August 1985, DDNREC made a final decision to deny the storage permit.
Because Chem-Solv, Inc., has lost Interim Status (and hence authorization
to operate) and there are additional indications that the owner or operator
will be unwilling to undertake corrective action, the company meets a
component of EPA's NPI/RCRA policy.
Status (June 1988); After this site was proposed, procedural issues
arose and new technical information became available. Hence, EPA reproposed
the site.
Status (May 19901; In September 1988, EPA and 21 parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site signed an Administrative Order
on Consent under CERCIA Section 106(a). The order called for a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. A
draft RI report is due in July 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the r~r-n~ * ^ ., • ,«oc
Comprehensive Environmental.Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KENT COUNTY IANDEELL (HOUSTON)
Houston, Delaware
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Rent County (Houston) Landfill
covers 70 acres on County Road 397 in the Brown's Branch Watershed, 2.1 miles
north of Houston, Kent County, Delaware. The watershed feeds to McCauley
Pond, Murder Kill River (Cripple Swamp), and the Delaware Bay.
The landfill, operated during 1969-80 by the county, accepted wastes from
Harrington, Dover, and other locations. Among the materials were residential
trash, pesticides, sludges from poultry processing plants, oil sludges,
hospital wastes, waste polymers, and solvents. In all, the landfill holds an
estimated 2 million cubic yards of waste and fill materials. The wastes were
deposited in trenches excavated between 10 and 25 feet. The landfill had no
liner or leachate collection system. In 1980, the county covered the landfill
with 3 to 5 feet of very sandy soil and planted grass and other vegetation.
The property is owned by the State.
Organic and inorganic contaminants, including 4-methyl-2-pentanone,
4-methylphenol, chromium, arsenic, and manganese, are present in a monitoring
well, according to EPA's December 1985 site inspection. The well is in the
water-table aquifer underlying the site that supplies private drinking water
wells in the area. Private wells within 3 miles of the site serve
approximately 1,300 people; the nearest well is 1,700 feet from the monitoring
well. The tests found no contamination of private wells. Cropland within
3 miles of the site is irrigated by wells.
During a May 1986 inspection, EPA observed leachate seeping from the
landfill. The leachate contained elevated levels of 4-methylphenol, arsenic,
chromium, lead, zinc, and mercury, threatening nearby surface waters, which
are used for recreational activities.
The site is only partially fenced, permitting people and animals to come
into direct contact with the leachate.
Status (May 1990); EPA is conducting a search for parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site. EPA will then investigate
the possibility of those identified in the search performing a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KOPPERS 00., INC. (NEWPORT PIANT)
Newport, Delaware
Conditions at listing (October 1989): Koppers Co., Inc., operated a wood
preserving plant from 1940 to 1971 on a 317-acre site at the corner of Water
Street and Jones Street in Newport, New Castle County, Delaware. The site is
bounded by rivers, creeks, and the Newport plant of E.I. Du Pont De Nemours &
Co., Inc.
In 1971, Koppers sold the site to Dupont. As part of the sales
agreement, Koppers removed chemicals in the process tanks. Dupont removed all
structures from the site, which is now vacant.
The treatment process Koppers used consisted of loading railroad ties and
telephone poles into cylinders and pressure injecting them with creosote or a
mixture of no. 2 fuel oil and pentachlorophenol. In the treatment area were a
pond filled with water used for fire protection and a sump where any effluent
from the treatment process was collected.
In December 1984, EPA detected polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons such as
benzo(a) anthracene, pyrene, fluoranthene, chrysene, and benzo(a)pyrene, in on-
site soil, pond sediments, and nearby creek sediments. These compounds are
constituents of creosote.
Ground water is the most important source of drinking water in the area.
The Artesian Water Co. draws drinking water from three wells within 3 miles of
the site and blends it with other water to serve its 150,000 customers. The
wells tap the lower Potomac Formation, which consists of permeable deposits
and is hydraulically connected to the overlying Columbia Formation, permitting
water to move between them.
Wetlands are present both on the site and bordering the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA has notified parties potentially responsible for
wastes associated with the site of their potential liabilities. EPA is
investigating the possibility of their performing a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEAIAND LIMITED
Mount Pleasant, Delaware
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Sealand T.imi-ha^ site occupies
approximately 2 acres in Mount Pleasant, New Castle County, Delaware. The
area is primarily agricultural and residential. Operations began in 1971 when
Adams Laboratory rented the property from Conrail, Inc., to operate a
rendering plant. In 1979, Conrail reportedly cleaned up the property after
Adams Laboratory abandoned the rendering plant. The property remained vacant
until September 1982, when Steve and Wayne Hawkins rented it from Conrail.
From then until August 1983, they operated a creosote manufacturing plant
under the names Sealand T.-iwitmH and Oil Industry. In addition, the facility
accepted coal tar, gas tar, and ink oil wastes, allegedly to be recycled.
Instead, they were stored on-site in tanks and drums. When the Hawkinses
abandoned the facility in 1983, it contained 22 storage tanks, a boiler house,
mixing chambers, pressure vessels, several hundred 55-gallon drums containing
assorted creosol intermediates, and a 10,000-gallon wooden storage tank.
A 1983 investigation by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control (DDNKEC) revealed that the wooden tank and numerous
drums were leaking. Analyses of tanks, drums, and soil on- and off-site
detected polynuclear aromatic compounds, creosols, solvents, and other toxic
organic compounds.
In December 1983, in response to the imminent threat to human health, EPA
used CERdA emergency funds to remove 240,800 gallons of coal tar, 320 drums,
and 80 cubic yards of solid waste. The hazardous materials were transported
to a facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act. EPA also cleaned the storage tanks and capped the site with a
layer of clay.
Nickel and acenaphthalene were present in an on-site monitoring well in
EPA and DDNREC analyses conducted in 1984. Soils on the site are permeable
and ground water shallow (5 feet in some cases), conditions that facilitate
movement of contaminants into ground water. Private wells within 3 miles of
the site provide drinking water to an estimated 135 people.
Joy Run is adjacent to the site and flows into the Chesapeake and
Delaware Canal, which is used for recreational activities.
Status (May 1990); Under an Administrative Order on Consent effective in
December 1988, 15 parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with
the site are conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. The work is scheduled to be completed early
in 1991. In January 1990, EPA completed an action to recover funds spent on
the removal action from potentially responsible parties.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ANACONDA ALUMINUM CO./MILGO ELECTRONICS CORP.
Miami, Florida
Conditions at listing fOcbnt>?r 1989); The Anaconda Aluminum Co./Milgo
Electronics Corp. Site consists of two areas located directly across from each
other on N.W. 76th Street in Miami, Dade County, Florida. The site is in an
industrialized area northeast of Miami International Airport.
The Anaconda Aluminum portion of the site covers approximately 1 acre at
3610 N.W. 76th Street. Between May 1957 and February 1983, operations
involved an electrochemical process using acids and an aluminum-containing
base to produce a protective coating on aluminum. Up to 1967, a chromic acid
process was employed. The Milgo Electronics portion of the site covers
approximately 0.5 acre at 3601 N.W. 76th Street. Between 1961 and June 1984,
operations involved chrome, nickel, and copper electroplating of data
processing equipment and the manufacturing of cabinets for electronic
components. Both companies disposed of liquid waste on-site. Anaconda
Aluminum used soakage pits, while Milgo Electronics used a drainfield.
In April 1987, EPA found chromium and lead in the Biscayne Aquifer, which
EPA has designated as a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
At least four municipal well fields are within 3 miles of the site: the Upper
and Lower Miami Springs, the Hialeah, and the John E. Preston. An estimated
750,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
B & B CHEMICAL CO., INC.
Hialeah, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988); B & B Chemical Co., Inc., has
manufactured industrial cleaning compounds on a 2-acre site in a highly
industrialized area in Hialeah, Dade County, Florida, since 1958. Die Miami
Canal is 800 feet to the southwest.
The company prepares its proprietary products in mixing vats.
Approximately once.a year the vats and tank trucks are washed down. Before
1976, the waste water was deposited in unlined lagoons. Since then, it has
gone into a pretreatment system before being discharged into the Hialeah sewer
system.
Since about 1975, the Dade County Department of Environmental Resource
Management (DERM) has been concerned about the impact of the lagoons on ground
water in the vicinity. In 1985, EPA found solvents such as chlorobenzene,
trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene in
monitoring wells on and off the site and chromium in on-site wells. Wells in
the contaminated area have been taken out of service.
In 1987, a B & B contractor conducted a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
The Biscayne Aquifer, which EPA has designated as a sole source aquifer
under the Safe Drinking Water Act, supplies drinking water for all of Dade
County. At the site, a layer of quartz sand overlies the limestone aquifer;
both formations have very high horizontal and vertical permeabilities. These
conditions facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water, as well as
movement of contaminated ground water. Four municipal well fields — the John
E. Preston, the Hialeah, and the Upper and lower Miami Springs — are within
3 miles of the site. One well is within 3,000 feet of the site. The four
well fields serve 750,000 people.
Status (May 1990); B & B installed an air stripper to remove volatile
organic compounds from ground water but stopped operating it in early 1989
with approval of DERM or EPA.
In October 1989, EPA determined that B & B's RI/FS was inadequate. EPA
has requested access to the site to complete the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BMI-TEXIKON
Lake Park, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988) : The BMI-Textron Site covers 3 acres
at 1121 Silver Beach Road, lake Park, Palm Beach County, Florida. Hie
facility began operation in October 1969 under the name Basic
Microelectronics, Inc. In 1981, the site was sold to Textron, Inc. , and began
operation under the name EMI-Textran. Operations stopped in January 1986.
The facility manufactured chrome-backed glass plates used in producing
electronic components. The process involved cutting, washing, and polishing
glass plates before chrome was deposited. Cyanide was used in the glass-
etching process. Liquid waste from the process was discharged to percolation
ponds and drain fields under a 4-year industrial waste water treatment permit
issued on November 17, 1980, by the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation (PEER) . Four wells were installed at the facility to monitor permit
compliance. On November 10, 1983, BMI-Textron received a Notice of Violation
from the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services for
excessive levels of nitrates and total dissolved solids, as well as pH below
the allowable limits.
In August 1984, EMI submitted data to FEER showing cyanide contamination
of soil and ground water at the site. On December 20, 1984, BMI-Textron and
FDER entered into a Consent Agreement requiring the company to remove
contaminated soils at the site and to submit a detailed monitoring program for
determining the nature and extent of ground water contamination at the site.
BMI-Textron removed approximately 680 cubic yards of cyanide-contaminated soil
and transported it to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
In January 1986, FDER found cyanide and fluoride in three on-site
monitoring wells and in soil near percolation pond #2. On November 18, 1986,
BMI-Textron agreed to comply with another FDER Consent Order to develop a plan
to clean up contaminated ground water. BMI-Textron submitted an
"Investigative and Cleanup Proposal" on January 6, 1987, in response to the
November Consent Order.
Two municipal water systems drawing from wells within 3 miles of the site
serve an estimated 108,000 people in Lake Park, Riviera Beach, North Palm
Beach, and Palm Beach Gardens.
(May 1990) ; BMI-Textron submitted an "Interim Remedial Action
Plan, Soil Removal Plan" in February 1990. In accordance with the FDER
Consent Order of November 1986, the company is removing contaminated soils
from percolation pond #2. In February 1990, BMI-Textron also prepared an
"Evaluation of the Risks to Human Health."
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HOMESTEAD AIR FORCE BASE
Homestead, Florida
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Homestead Air Force Base is in Dade
County, approximately 25 miles southwest of Miami and 7 miles east of
Homestead, Florida. The facility encompasses 2,916 acres with additional
easements of 429 acres. The area around the base is mostly agricultural and
residential. The base has jurisdiction over several remote annexes, but there
is little evidence that hazardous substances have been disposed of at those
locations.
The base was activated in September 1942 and initially was operated by
the Army Air Transport Command. After extensive hurricane damage in 1945, the
base was turned over to Dade County, which used it for small commercial and
industrial operations. In 1953, the Air Force acquired the base and rebuilt
it.
Wastes have been disposed of on-site since the facility^ inception. A
landfill was operated in the 1940s, but little is known about this operation.
During Dade County's ownership, electroplating operations were conducted on
the site, and plating wastes containing heavy metals and cyanides were
allegedly disposed of directly on the ground.
After the Air Force assumed control in 1953, hazardous substances were
disposed of in Fire Training Area 3, which was unlined and had no system to
collect residual fluids, and the Residual Pesticide Disposal Area. Several
spills also occurred, including one of PCBs from an electrical transformer.
Homestead Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP studies have detected high concentrations of ethyl
ether in ground water throughout and downgradient of Fire Training Area 3.
Approximately 5,500 gallons of ethyl ether were disposed of in the area in
January 1984. The Biscayne Aquifer, which underlies the site, has been
designated as a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act. An
estimated 16,600 people obtain drinking water from wells into the aquifer
within 3 miles of the hazardous substances on the site.
The base is surrounded by a perimeter canal, which discharges into
Military Canal and ultimately into Biscayne Bay 2 miles to the west.
The Air Force plans further investigations of releases of hazardous
substances and their migration under the IRP and a permit issued under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and incorporating
corrective action.
Status (May 1990) t EPA, the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation, and the Air Force are negotiating an Interagency Agreement under
CERCXA Section 120 to cover response activities at the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MADISON COUNIY SANITARY LANDFILL
Madison, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Madison County Sanitary Landfill
covers approximately 133 acres northeast of the City of Madison, Madison
County, Florida. The city owned and operated the landfill from 1971 through
March 1980. According to city records, ITT Thompson Industries, Inc.,
disposed of drums and waste containing trichloroethylene (TCE) and other
compounds at the landfill during this period. The county purchased the
landfill from the city and has operated it since April 1980. The landfill is
permitted by the State to accept municipal solid waste.
In September 1984, the county found TCE in monitoring wells at the
landfill. In November 1984, the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation (FDER) removed a number of drums from one location where ITT
Thompson's drums had been buried. Drums were removed from a second area in
March 1985. All materials were transported to a hazardous waste facility
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Beginning in January 1985, the county sampled numerous private wells in
the vicinity of the landfill. High concentrations of TCE and 1,2-
dichloroethylene were found in three wells. The county, and later ITT
Thompson, provided bottled water and ice to these families. In addition, the
city, the county, and ITT Thompson installed water filter systems at these
homes.
In February 1986, FDER entered into a Consent Agreement with the city/
county, and ITT Thompson requiring them to investigate ground water near the
site. The consultant they hired found TCE, methylene chloride, and trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene in on-site monitoring wells and off-site private wells.
Approximately 95 private wells and 3 City of Madison wells are within
3 miles of the site, threatening the drinking water supplies of an estimated
4,400 people.
Status (May 1990): EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WOODBURY CHEMICAL CO. (PRINCETON PLANT)
Princeton, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Wbodbury Chemical Co. occupies
3 acres along the west side of U.S. Route 1 in the southeast section of Dade
County approximately 0.5 mile southwest of Princeton, Florida. Since 1975,
the company has blended technical-grade materials in 50-gallon vats to produce
pesticides and fertilizers.
The site consists of six buildings, including an office, warehouses, and
production buildings, as well as several aboveground storage tanks, the
majority of which are diked. Most of the facility grounds is paved. The
surrounding area is primarily agricultural, with populations concentrated in
the small towns of Princeton and Goulds. Previously, the site was a toroato-
and potato-repacking house and a labor camp for farm workers.
In 1986, EPA identified aldrin, dieldrin, toxaphene, and chlordane in
four surficial soil samples from the site vicinity.
The Biscayne Aquifer underlying the site supplies drinking water to an
estimated 17,600 residents of Dade County within 3 miles of the site. EPA has
designated the aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act as the sole source of
drinking water for Dade County. A layer of quartz sand overlies the oolite
limestone of the aquifer; both formations are highly permeable, facilitating
the horizontal and vertical movement of ground water, which is about 7 feet
below the surface. Three well fields and several private wells are within
3 miles of the site. The well fields include the Elevated Tank Well Field
approximately 2.6 miles south of the site, the Naranja Well Field
approximately 1.5 miles to the southwest, and the Homestead Air Force Base
Well Field approximately 2.5 miles south. A private well is 570 feet from the
site.
A canal owned and operated by the State is approximately 2,350 feet
northeast of the site. It flows into Biscayne Bay.
Status (May 1990): In January 1990, Wbodbury Chemical removed toxaphene-
contaminated soils from the southeast corner of the site. The work was
performed under the direction of EPA and the Dade County Environmental
Resources Management.
In March 1990, EPA issued a "special notice letter" offering Woodbury
Chemical the opportunity to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA is reviewing Woodbury
Chemical's response.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
DIAMDND SHAMROCK CORP. LANDFILL
Cedartown, Georgia
Conditions at listing (January 1987): The Diamond Shamrock Corp.
Landfill covers less than 1 acre in Cedartown, Polk County, Georgia. Between
1972 and 1977, the company buried drummed and bulk waste in three 6-foot-deep
trenches. The waste included fungicides, amides, oil and oil sludges, esters,
ethers, alcohols, and metallic salts, according to the company. In 1986, the
site was sold to Occidental Chemical Corp.
The trenches are unlined, in an area of permeable soils, and in the
floodplain of Cedar Creek, which is a major tributary of the Coosa River.
Ground water is shallow (less than 10 feet). These conditions potentially
threaten surface water and ground water in the area.
An estimated 25,000 people draw drinking water from public wells within
3 miles of the site.
Status (Mav 1990); EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WOOLFOLK CHEMICAL WORKS, INC.
Fort Valley, Georgia
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Die Wbolfolk Chemical Works, Inc.,
Site covers 18 acres near the center of Fort Valley, Peach County, Georgia.
The company began operation in 1910 as a lime-sulfur plant and has evolved
into a full-line pesticide plant formulating pesticides in liquid, dust, and
granular forms for the agricultural, lawn, and garden markets. The methods of
handling these products over the years have resulted in extensive
contamination at the site. Tests conducted by the Georgia Environmental
Protection Division in 1985 and 1986 detected metals and pesticides, including
lead, arsenic, chlordane, DDT, lindane, and toxaphene, in on-site soil and
ground water, and in an open ditch south of the plant.
Three of the five Fort Valley municipal water supply wells are within
1,000 feet of the facility. The system is the sole source of water in the
area. Late in 1986, EPA found arsenic and lead in two of the wells at levels
below Federal drinking water standards. An estimated 10,000 people obtain
drinking water from municipal wells within 3 miles of the site.
>
State records indicate numerous instances where untreated industrial
waste was discharged into surface waters. During a routine inspection in
1979, EPA discovered that the facility was discharging unauthorized waste
water from the production of the pesticide dichlorcbromopropane into Bay
Creek. Records indicate that the majority of the waste waters was discharged
into a storm sewer on the site. These effluents would flow into an open ditch
located south of the plant and then into Big Indian Creek.
The company has changed hands several times. The current owner, Security
Lawn and Garden Products Co., acquired the operation in 1984 from Canadyne-
Georgia Corp., which operated the facility during 1977-84. In 1986-87,
Canadyne capped one area of contamination and removed some contaminated soil
to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.
Status (May 1990); On April 24, 1990, EPA and Canadyne-KSeorgia Corp.
signed an Administrative Order on Consent under which the company will conduct
a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action. The company will shortly submit an RI/FS workplan to EPA for review.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SCHOFIELD BARRACKS
Oahu, Hawaii
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Schofield Barracks, an installation
of the Amy Support Command, Hawaii, covers 17,725 acres in central Oahu,
Hawaii. The area around the barracks is mostly rainforest; the closest
municipality is Wahiawa to the north. The facility is divided into two areas:
East Range and the Main Post. Schofield Barracks was established in 1908 to
provide a base for the Army's mobile defense of Pearl Harbor and the entire
island. Industrial operations involve maintenance, repair, painting, and
degreasing, all using various organic solvents.
In April 1985, the Hawaii Department of Health informed the Army that
high levels (30 parts per billion) of trichloroethylene (TCE) had been
detected in wells supplying drinking water to 25,000 people at Schofield
Barracks. An'additional 55,000 people in Wahiawa and Miliani obtain drinking
water from public wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
An Army investigation in May 1985 confirmed TCE contamination of
on-base drinking water wells, and recommended short-, medium-, and long-term
measures. In September 1986, the Army started operating an air stripping
facility to remove TCE from the contaminated Schofield Barracks wells, making
the water safe to drink.
Within 3 miles downstream of the base, Wahiawa Reservoir is used to
irrigate 3,000 acres of pineapple fields and is also used for recreational
activities.
Schofield Barracks is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials.
Status (May 1990); Schofield Barracks continues to treat contaminated
ground water at a rate of 3 to 6 million gallons per day.
EPA plans to negotiate an Interagency Agreement with the Army under
CERCXA Section 120 to cover future activities at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
E. I. DU PONT DE NEM3URS & CO., INC. (COUNTY ROAD X23)
West Point, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.,
Inc., Site consists of two areas off County Road X23 in a rural area of Lee
County approximately 3.5 miles southeast of West Point, Iowa. In the early
1950s, Du Pont sent wastes from its nearby Fort Madison paint plant to the two
areas, which are about 1.25 miles apart and cover about 4 acres.
Du Pont estimates that it sent 12,000-18,000 55-gallon drums of waste
annually to the site. Disposal occurred from April 1949 to November 1953 at
the first area, now owned by a private citizen, and on a limited basis during
November 1952-November 1953 at the second area, now owned by Du Pont. On both
areas, wastes were dumped into shallow trenches (each reportedly 75-100 feet
long, 10-12 feet wide, and 3-4 feet deep) and periodically burned. 'The
trenches have since been filled and the area graded. Ravines are adjacent to
the two disposal areas on the north-northwest sides.
EPA investigations in April 1987 detected lead in on-site wells. An
estimated 1,200 people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site as
their sole source of drinking water. Two creeks approximately 1 mile from the
site are used for limited recreational activities.
Status (May 1990); Under a Unilateral Administrative Order issued by
EPA, Du Pont is conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the :
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EATJRFTETr) COAL GASIFICftTICW PLANT
Fair-field, Iowa
at listing (June 1988) ; The Fairfield Qv*i Gasification Plant:
occupies one city block in Fairfield, Jefferson County, Iowa. It is bordered
on the west by a residential area. Iowa Electric Light and Power Co. (TETP) has
owned the site since 1878. This company was known as Interstate Power Co.
from 1878 to 1917 and Iowa Electric Co. from 1917 to 1953, when it assumed its
present name. During 1878-1950, the facility produced a commercial fuel
substitute from coal. Since 1950, the site has served as a maintenance
garage.
The main wastes associated with coal gasification are polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) , which are found in coal tar, a by-product of
gasification, and cyanide salts, which are found in iron oxide waste produced
during purification of the manufactured gas. Some of the coal tar was sold
and some was buried in on-site pits. Disposal methods for the iron-cyanide
waste are not known, but it may also have been dumped on-site.
In 1985, TRT.P consultants detected PAHs, including benzene, phenanthrene,
anthracene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene, in ground water near the site. In
1987, EPA confirmed the contamination. TFTP conducted quarterly sampling to
monitor the spread of contamination. An estimated 1,100 people obtain
drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
An intermittent stream flowing from the site intersects Cedar Creek
2.9 miles downslope. The creek is used for recreational activities.
Status (May 1990) ; On March 31, 1989, EPA and TETP signed a CERCXA
Administrative Order on Consent requiring TFTP to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA
has reviewed the RI/FS report. TKTP is revising the report to reflect EPA's
comments.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FARMERS' MTJIUAL COOPERATIVE
Hospers, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Fanners' Mutual Cooperative Site
covers approximately 6 acres in Hospers, Sioux County/ Iowa, along the east
side of the Floyd River. The cooperative owns the property and has operated
an agricultural supply and service business at this location since 1908. At
present, the cooperative stores bulk grain, fertilizers, and pesticides at the
site.
In 1984, the Iowa Department of Environmental Quality found 1,2-dichloro-
ethane, carbon tetrachloride (a grain fumigant), and chloroform in two Hospers
municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. The wells, which served an
estimated 1,900 people, have been closed. The city now draws water from
another well field. In 1985, a consultant to the cooperative found some of
the same chemicals in on-site soils and ground water and in Floyd River
downstream of the site.
In August 1986, the State issued an Administrative Order requiring the
cooperative to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. Partial results were submitted to the State
in February 1987, and negotiations culminated in a Consent Order in June 1987.
The order provides for a ground water study and completion of the RI/FS.
Status (May 1990); The RI/FS is scheduled to be completed by the end of
1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
IOWA AFMY. AMMUNITION PIANT
Middletown, Iowa
Conditions at listing (July 1989); The Iowa Amy Ammunition Plant (IAAP)
covers 19,127 acres in rural Des Moines County near Middletown, Iowa,
approximately 10 miles west of Burlington. lAAP's primary mission since 1941
and intermittently to the present has been to load, assemble, and pack a
variety of conventional ammunitions and fusing systems. Ihe current operating
contractor is Mason and Hanger-Silas Mason Oo., Inc.
Wastes produced at IAAP consist of various explosive-cxantaining sludges,
waste water, and solids; lead-containing sludges; ashps from incineration and
open burning of explosives; and waste solvent from industrial and laboratory
operations. The explosives include trinitrotoluene (INT), dinitrotoluene
(DNT), and cyclcmethylenetoinitramine (RDX). Past operations generated waste
pesticides, radioactive wastes that have been removed from the site, and
incendiaries.
IAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
As part of IRP, the Army has identified a number of potentially contaminated
areas, including a now-unused 4-acre settling lagoon at Line 800 (known as the
Line 800 Pink Water lagoon), which received explosive-containing waste water
intermittently during 1943-70. It now holds an estimated 37,000 cubic yards
of hazardous sludges. A second area under investigation involves an earthen
and concrete dam across Brush Creek, which was used during 1948-56. The dam
was removed in 1957. Waste water from Line 1 flowed through a 3.6-acre
sedimentation area where explosives settled out, and the liquids overflowed
the dam into Brush Creek.
IRP tests conducted in 1981 and 1983 detected TNT, DDT, and RDX in wells
downgradient of the lagoon and dam. An estimated 100 people obtain drinking
water from private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the base.
In 1984, IRP tests detected RDX and TNT in water from Brush Creek, and
RDX, TNT, and lead in creek sediments. Surface water within 3 miles
downstream of the site is used for recreational activities.
Three incinerator-furnace units and a spray evaporation pond on IAAP are
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA).
Status (May 1990); EPA and the Army are negotiating an Interagency
Agreement under CERCLA Section 120. The agreement requires the Army to submit
schedules for addressing all contaminated areas in IAAP and allows for EPA and
State comment throughout subsequent response activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LEHEGH PORTLAND CEMENT 00.
Mason City, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Lehigh Portland Cement Co. owns and
operates a portland cement manufacturing facility on approximately 150 acres
on the north side of Mason City, Cerro Gordo County, Iowa. The facility has
been in operation since 1911. A by-product of the cement manufacturing
process is waste kiln dust, which contains sulfates, potassium hydroxide, and
chromium. The dust is placed in piles throughout the facility, and a large
quantity is also disposed of directly into two of the four abandoned quarries
on the property. The quarries are filled with water and drain into Calmus
Creek directly south of the site.
In August 1984, the Iowa Department of Water, Air, and Waste Management
(IDWAWM) conducted a comprehensive study of Calmus Creek and found
contamination related to Blue Waters Pond, which is on the Lehigh site. In
April 1985, a consultant to Lehigh started a study of the feasibility of
eliminating Blue Waters Pond. Also in April 1985, IDWAWM issued an
Administrative Order under the State water pollution control law requiring
Lehigh to conduct a hydrogeologic investigation of the West Quarry. Lehigh
installed three monitoring wells and sampled ground water and surface water.
Wells downgradient of the site had significantly elevated pH levels (a maximum
of 11.85), along with elevated levels of potassium, sodium, silicon, sulfates,
total dissolved solids, and total organic carbon. An estimated 31,000 people
obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the
site. Wells are the sole source of drinking water in the area.
The pH of Arch Pond and Blue Waters Pond averaged 12. The Winnebago
River is used for recreational activities within 3 miles downstream of the
site.
Status (Mav 1990); Under an Administrative Order on Consent with the
Iowa Department of Natural Resources signed on April 15, 1990, Lehigh is
performing a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type
and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act fCERCLA) as amended in 1986
NORTHWESTERN STATES PORTLAND CEMENT CO.
Mason City, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988) r The Northwestern States Portland
Cement Co. (NWSPC) Site covers 150 acres in Mason City, Cerro Gordo County,
Iowa. In 1950, NWSPC ceased limestone mining operations and abandoned the
quarry west of the plant. In about 1969, NWSPC began using the West Quarry for
disposal of cement kiln dust, continuing until April 1985. Over the years,
the dumping has reduced the area and volume of the West Quarry. During this
same time, the water level has risen approximately 2 feet per year, filling in
the quarry so that it now holds approximately 420 million gallons of water.
The waste kiln dust contains chromium and is very caustic (pH 12.4),
according to tests conducted by the Iowa Department of Water, Air, and Waste
Management (IEWAWM) in October 1979 and August 1983. Additional sampling by a
consultant to NWSPC ,in September 1983 was consistent with earlier data.
Mason City municipal wells are within 3 miles of the site and serve a
population of about 30,000. The wells are drilled into the Jordan Aquifer but
are open to overlying formations. The Devonian Aquifer, the shallowest
dependable source of water for many county residents, is one of the overlying
formations. Waste kiln dust has been deposited into this formation.
Calmus Creek, which borders the site downstream, shows high pH levels,
according to tests conducted by a consultant to the company in 1985. The
creek is used for recreational activities.
On April 2, 1985, the State issued an Administrative Order under a State
waste water law requiring the company to cease discharge to Calmus Creek and
conduct a study to determine the impact of the quarry on ground water. The
company submitted a report to the State dated August 12, 1985. The discharge
to Calmus Creek has been discontinued, and the ground water study is
continuing.
Status (July 1990): In March 1990, NWSPC, under a State order, completed
a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. A
Record of Decision selecting the remedial alternative was signed on June 26,
1990. '
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Con?prehens1verEnvfronmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PEOPLES NATURAL GAS OO.
Dubuque, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Peoples Natural Gas Co. Site
covers approximately 15 acres in downtown Dubuque, Dubuque County, Iowa. Key
City Gas Co. produced a gaseous fuel at the site from 1937 to 1954. In 1953
and 1954, North Central Public Service Co. acquired all outstanding stock and
assets of Key City Gas, including the site. In November 1957, Northern
Natural Gas Co., through its Peoples Natural Gas Co., purchased the site from
North Central. In October 1964, Peoples conveyed the eastern four fifths of
the site to the City of Dubuque, which uses it as a garage. In January 1985,
Peoples conveyed the remainder of the site to the Iowa Department of
Transportation (IDOT).
The main wastes associated with coal gasification are polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are found in coal tar, a by-product of the
gasification process, and cyanide salts, which are found in iron oxide waste
produced during purification of the manufactured gas. Coal tar waste was
deposited in underground tanks, and the iron-cyanide waste was buried on-
site.
In November 1983, IDOT, which had targeted the site for highway
construction, found a layer of tar in soil samples collected at the site. The
samples contained cyanide, phenols, and two PAHs — naphthalene and
acenaphthalene. The State and EPA have detected the same contaminants in on-
site wells. An estimated 60,000 people contain drinking water from municipal
wells within 3 miles of the site.
The Mississippi River is approximately 500 feet east of the site.
Surface water downstream is used for industrial and recreational activities.
A wildlife refuge is 2 miles downstream, and wetlands are within 0.5 mile.
Status (May 1990): Under an April 1989 CERCXA Administrative Order on
Consent with EPA, Midwest Gas (a successor company of North Central), IDOT,
and the City of Dubuque are conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility
study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site
and identify alternatives for remedial action. The RI/FS covers ground water
contamination, as well as soil contamination outside the construction corridor
of U.S. Highway 61, which consists (roughly) of the western third of the site.
The order also calls for Midwest Gas to remove coal tar and contaminated soil
in the construction corridor and transport the materials to an of f-site
incinerator. The removal will permit highway construction to proceed.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SHELLER-GIOHE CORP. DISPOSAL
Keokuk, Iowa
Oonditions at listing (May 1989); Sheller-Globe Corp. operated an
industrial landfill and solvent burning area in lee County 4 miles north of
Keokuk, Iowa, from 1948 to 1972. The 5-acre site is in a heavily wooded,
rural area. The land was filled in and sold in 1973 to an individual who
built a home on the site and draws water from an on-site well.
Sheller-Globe Corp. manufactured rubber products, including automobile
weather stripping, at a facility adjacent to the disposal area. Liquids and
sludges from the operation were deposited directly into a ravine with no
system for diverting surface run-off. Among wastes deposited, according to
the company, were at least 1,000 drums of paint sludge, methylene chloride,
toluene diisoyanates, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol,
and resins containing fluorocarbons. Solvents were periodically burned in the
open.
In December 1987 tests, EPA detected arsenic, chromium, lead, mercury,
nickel, zinc, benzene, and toluene in on-site soil, ground water, and surface
water. An estimated 1,125 people obtain drinking water from private wells
within 3 miles of the site.
In December 1987, EPA also observed seepage and an oil sheen on an
intermittent stream near the northeast edge of the site. The Mississippi
River 2.8 miles downstream of the site is used for recreational boating and
fishing.
In March 1988, EPA observed 52 drums on the surface, as well as scrap
rubber and polyurethane foam.
Status (May 1990): EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WHITE FARM EQUIPMENT CD. DUMP
Charles City, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The White Farm Equipnent Co. Dump
occupies approximately 20 acres along the north border of Charles City, Floyd
County, Iowa. The dump is an old sand/gravel pit that is bordered along the
northwest and southern edges by wetlands. Tractors and other farm equipment
have been manufactured near the dump since the early 1900s. Allied Products
Co. purchased the operation in late 1986.
White Farm Equipment operated on land leased from H. E. Construction Co.
until it filed for bankruptcy in 1980. Starting in the 1920s, White Farm's
operations generated foundry sand, sludges, and dust from air pollution
control equipment. Nearby residents have complained of dust blowing off the
dump. White Farm hauled at least 6,300 tons of foundry sand and 47,000 cubic
yards of sludges to the dump.
In April 1986, EPA detected arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and
zinc in on-site soils, private wells downgradient of the site, and sediments
and surface water in the adjacent wetlands. Charles City draws its drinking
water from the aquifer underlying the site. An estimated 10,000 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. The
contaminated wetlands flow into the Cedar River, which is used for
recreational activities.
Status (May 1990): In April 1989, EPA signed an Administrative Order on
Consent with Allied Products Co. and H.E. Construction Co. requiring the
companies to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS). The
order called for (1) determining the nature and extent of contamination in
fill material, soils, sediments, surface water, and ground water at the site
and (2) investigating potential hydrologic interactions between the water
table and the city wells adjacent to the site, and (3) identifying
alternatives for remedial action.
The RI/FS is about to be released for public comment. The RI/FS
documents low levels of metals in the fill material and a localized plume of
shallow ground water with organic contamination.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EASTERN MICHAIJD FLATS CONEAMINAIICN
Bocatello, Idaho
Conditions at listing (May 1989); The Eastern Michaud Flats
Contamination Site covers 2,530 acres in Fewer County, Idaho, near Pocatello.
The Michaud Flats are on the Snake River Plain and are bounded on the north by
American Falls Reservoir, on the east by the Portneuf River, on the west by
the Rock Creek, and on the south by foothills of the Deep Creek Mountains and
Bannock Range. Within the eastern part of the flats are two adjacent
phosphate processing facilities. FMC Corp. has produced elemental phosphorus
from phosphate shale ore on 1,400 acres since 1949. J. R. Sinplot Co. has
produced a variety of fertilizer products from phosphate ore on 1,130 acres
since 1944.
Waste water from both facilities has been stored or disposed of in
unlined ponds. FMC is phasing out the use of unlined ponds, and J.R. Simplot
has implemented a waste water treatment system. In the summer of 1987, EPA
detected elevated levels of heavy metals in sediments of the unlined ponds at
both facilities and in waste water at J. R. Simplot. In addition, arsenic,
cadmium, and selenium were detected in monitoring wells in the deep confined
aquifer.
Public and private wells within 3 miles of the area provide drinking
water to an estimated 55,000 people and are also used to irrigate over 2,100
acres of forage crops. A private well is 800 feet from an on-site lagoon. In
1976, the State of Idaho closed a drinking water well downgradient of FMC due
to elevated arsenic levels. Currently, no other private or public water
supply wells are known to be contaminated, although elevated levels of arsenic
were detected in a downgradient spring used for drinking.
Status (May 1990); EPA will soon be sending out general notice letters
and requests for additional information to FMC, J.R. Simplot, and other
parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site. EPA will
then investigate the possibility of those responsible performing a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to fully define the nature and extent of
contamination at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MONSANTO CHEMICAL CO. (SODA SPRINGS PLANT)
Soda Springs, Idaho
Conditions at listing (May 1989); Monsanto Chemical Co. has produced
elemental phosphorus in southeastern Idaho 1 mile north of Soda Springs,
Caribou County, since 1952. The 530-acre site is in a broad, flat valley near
the western base of the Aspen Range. Significant agricultural crops in the
area include wheat and hay. A number of large industrial complexes are in the
valley, including Kerr-MoGee Chemical Corp., directly across State Highway 34
from Monsanto. The Kerr-MaGee plant was also proposed for the NPL in
May 1989.
Monsanto's Soda Springs plant generates a number of process waste streams
containing inorganic compounds. Most liquid and solid wastes are stored or
treated in on-site ponds or piles. Slag constitutes the greatest quantity of
waste.' Molten:slag is tapped from the base of the electric air furnaces and
poured out to cool in piles. Ihe piles cover a large portion of the site and
are more than 150 feet high.
As part of a hydrogeological investigation conducted by a Monsanto
contractor in 1984, 31 monitoring wells were installed around the facility in
support of existing wells, and pump tests were performed on numerous
monitoring wells and three on-site wells supplying water to the plant. Ground
water contamination was detected at the site. Ihe contractor identified the
sources as a leaky hydroclarifier and several unlined ponds. Monsanto has
discontinued use of the old ponds, installed new lined ponds, and replaced the
old clarifier.
On-site monitoring wells and sediments in an old unlined pond that
received process waste water contain arsenic, cadmium, and chromium, according
to tests conducted as part of a November 1987 EPA site inspection. Within
3 miles of the site are public springs and private wells that provide drinking
water to an estimated 3,000 people.
. Water discharging from an on-site pond to Soda Creek 2,000 feet away is
contaminated with cadmium, according to EPA analyses conducted in 1985. Water
withdrawn from Soda Canal 1.2 miles downstream is used to irrigate 4,040
acres.
Status (May 1990); EPA will soon be sending out a general notice letter
and a request for additional information to Monsanto. EPA will then
investigate the possibility of Monsanto performing a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to fully define the nature and extent of contamination at
the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MOUNTAIN HOME AIR FORCE BASE
Mountain Home, Idaho
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Mountain Home Air Force Base covers
approximately 9 square miles on a plateau in El more County southwest of
Mountain Home, Idaho. The area around the base is primarily agricultural.
The base, established in 1943, has been under the control of the Tactical Air
Command since 1965.
Mountain Home Air Force Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous materials. Under IRP, the Air Force has
investigated numerous potentially contaminated areas, including two abandoned
landfills, a waste oil disposal area, four abandoned and one active fire
training areas, and the entomology shop yard, where pesticides were rinsed
from application equipment. Wastes disposed of at these locations include
solvents and pesticides.
EPA tests conducted in October 1987 found elevated levels of
tribromomethane (bromoform) in several on-site wells serving the base.
Bromoform is a component of fire extinguishing agents and is also used as a
solvent. Over 14,000 people obtain drinking water and land is irrigated from
wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
The Air Force has conducted a study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the base and identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA
reviewed the study and found it unacceptable as it had not included the units
for which the base had been listed.
Status (May 1990): EPA will be entering into negotiations with the Air
Force and the State of Idaho to adopt an Interagency Agreement (IAG) under
CERdA Section 120. The IAG will specify units to be covered in the workplan
for a remedial investigation/feasibility study.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ADRMS COUNTY QUINCY LANDFILLS #2 & #3
Quincy, Illinois
Conditions at listing f June 1988); Adams County Quincy Municipal
Landfills #2 and #3 are approximately 5 miles east of Quincy, Adams County,
Illinois. Landfill #2 covers 11.75 acres and landfill #3 approximately 40
acres. In 1973 and 1975, they were permitted by the Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency (IEPA) to accept solid waste.
As the only operating, permitted landfills in Adams County from September
1972 to August 1978, Quincy landfills received the majority of the county's
waste, including putrescible, nonputrescible, demolition, combustible, and
hazardous materials. IEPA records show that the City of Quincy accepted
liquid industrial waste for disposal into pits until the liquids could be
pumped into the covered portions of the site. The site was unlined. Wastes
disposed of included solvents, acids, sludges containing heavy metals, spent
organic solvents used in degreasing, waste water treatment sludges from
electroplating operations, hydraulic oil, machine coolants, thinners, acetone,
and toluene. An estimated 23,000 drums of hazardous wastes were accepted.
The site involved area fill and trench fill operations.
Ground water samples taken on-site by IEPA in September 1985, January
1986, and April 1986 showed contamination by 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, benzene, and selenium.
In June 1985 and August 1986, IEPA sampled two nearby private wells. One well
was contaminated by 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, chloroform,
tetrachloroethylene, and benzene. (Both wells were closed, and the city
provided an alternative water supply.) Other wells showed elevated levels of
iron, cyanide, and zinc. An estimated 300 people obtain drinking water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
In an inspection in 1984, EPA observed leachate seeps and ponds at the
site, threatening nearby surface waters. The site is not completely fenced,
making it possible for people and animals to come into direct contact with
hazardous substances.
In mid-1987, a contractor for a number of parties potentially responsible
for wastes associated with the site started a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Status (May 1990); In April 1990, as part of the RI/FS, two pump tests
were conducted to determine the relationship between the shallow and deep
aquifers and to determine if multiple ground water pathways exist at the site.
The test report is scheduled to be completed in July 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Suoerfund hazardous waste site listed under the „,,-„„. Al ^ _, • .nne>
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
RKIPIT CORP.
Rockton, Illinois
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Beloit Corp. has occupied a 175-acre
site in the Village of Rockton, Winnebago County, Illinois, since 1961. There
are two operations at the site: a plant for manufacturing wet-end paper-
making machines, and a research and development facility for designing and
demonstrating the machines to prospective customers.
The facility purchases clean virgin pulp to make multilayered paper
products. The waste paper and paper fibers generated go to three unlined
surface impoundments. The paper fiber sediment from the bottom of the
impoundments is spread on the ground in accordance with a State permit issued
in December 1983.
,.-(, .-Qrvrsite monitoring wells contain 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-
dichlbrbethane, and 1,1-dichloroethylene, and nearby private wells contain
trichloroethylene, according to tests conducted in November 1985 by Beloit
Corp. An estimated 15,00(3 people obtain drinking water from public and
private wells within 3 miles of the site. The Winnebago County Department of
Public Health, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), and the
Illinois Department of Public Health are working together on a program to
monitor ground water in the Rockford area.
In May 1983, IEPA found 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and
tetrachloroethylene in sediments in the impoundments and in November 1985
found toluene in water in the impoundments. Rock River is less than 50 feet
from Beloit's surface impoundments. local surface water is used for
recreational activities.
Status (May 1990); Under a Cooperative Agreement with EPA, signed in
March 1990, IEPA is investigating the possibility that parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
Taylorville, Illinois
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Central Illinois Public Service Co.
(CIPS) formerly operated a coal gasification plant on a 1.0-acre site in
Taylorville, Christian County, Illinois. The site is bordered by Webster
Street and Manners Park on the east, the CIPS pole storage yard and N&W
Railroad on the west, private residences on the north, and a large wooded area
to the south. The site currently consists of an office building with a gravel
parking lot to the west and an undeveloped lot to the south.
The gas plant was constructed in 1892 and operated by Taylorville Gas and
Electric Co. until 1912, when it was acquired by dPS. Operations stopped in
1932. CIPS sold the property in 1961.
In producing a commercial fuel, the process generated coal tar, which
contains polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other impurities that
were periodically removed and sold or given away for use as road oil, roofing
tar, or a pesticide. When CIPS abandoned the facility, the abcveground
structures were razed. Underground tanks and other equipment remained in
place. The tar remaining in the tanks was covered with miscellaneous debris
and fill.
Contamination at the Taylorville site was first suspected when Apple
Construction Co., which acquired the site in April 1985, was excavating a
trench for a septic tank drainage line. The trench was directly adjacent to
and east of a storage tank. Workers noted strong odors, discoloration of the
excavated soils, and a dark viscous material throughout the soil. CIPS was
notified of the problems and immediately began an investigation.
By mid-1986, CIPS confirmed the presence of PAHs, including benzo(a)
pyrene, anthracene, and phenanthrene, as well as benzene and toluene, in soils
and ground water within the site boundaries.
Soils/sediments and ground water off-site and, to a lesser extent surface
water, are similarly contaminated. An estimated 12,700 people obtain drinking
water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. Contaminants
were found as far away as the South Fork of the Sangamon River, 0.4 mile from
the site. Local surface water is used for recreational activities.
The site is partially fenced, making it possible for people and animals
to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
In December 1986, CIPS purchased the site from Apple Construction Co. In
January 1987, dPS began preliminary remedial activities at the site
consisting of excavation and disposal of contaminated soil. The materials
were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. In cooperation with the Illinois
Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), CIPs is investigating a long-term
solution.
Status (May 1990): dPS has fenced the site. In cooperation with IEPA,
CIPS is developing a plan to identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KERR-MoGEE (REED-KEPPLER PARK)
West Chicago, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Kerr-MoGee (Reed-Reppler Park)
Site is in Reed-Keppler Park in West Chicago, Illinois. About 15,000 people
live within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill called the "Rare
Earths Facility" in West Chicago for the extraction of thorium and
nonradioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the property was
used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium),
mesothorium, and, during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the
facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash & Chemical in 1958 and to
Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in 1967. Operations at the property continued until
1973, when Kerr-MoGee, the current owner, closed the facility.
. ( . ; t I
Radioactive materials were landf illed in what is now Reed-Keppler Park at
an 11-acre site, which had apparently been a gravel quarry. The U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission's contractor located contaminated areas within the
landfill and around and under tennis courts adjacent to it. Contaminated
material around (not under) the tennis courts was excavated and moved onto an
area of surface contamination, which was then fenced and posted.
Status (January 1986); Because of an administrative error during the
public comment period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site for an
additional 60 days.
Status (May 1990); The excavated material is still in the park, for the
most part within the fenced area. Some "hot spots" with elevated radiation
levels remain around the tennis courts.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KERR-MoGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
West Chicago/DuPage County, Illinois
Conditions at listing fOct^ter 1984); Ihe Kerr-MoGee (Residential Areas)
Site is in West Chicago and DuPage County, Illinois. Ihe site covers the
general area of elevated radiation levels adjacent to the Kerr-MaGee Chemical
Corp. facility on the east (about 30 acres), as well as other adjacent areas
and isolated spots of elevated radiation levels. About 15,000 people live
within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Co. established a mill called the "Rare
Earths Facility" in West Chicago for the extraction of thorium and
nonradioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the property was
used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium),
mesothorium, and, during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the
facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash & Chemical in 1958 and to
Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. in 1967. Operations at the property continued until
1973, when Kerr-MpGee, the current owner, closed the facility.
In 1978, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's contractor located 75
spots of elevated radiation levels in the residential areas. Since that time,
the number has grown to around 87. Overlying many of these spots adjacent to
the Kerr-MoGee facility is an area of generally elevated radiation levels.
Although the general area of contamination may be due, in part, to long-terra
emissions from the facility, the primary source of contamination is believed
to be the result of specific incidents such as spills or use of contaminated
materials as fill.
Status (January 1986); Because of an administrative error during the
public comment period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site for an
additional 60 days.
Status (May 1990): Rerr-McGee has excavated contaminated soil at many
properties within the West Chicago city limits and removed them to the Rare
Earths Facility for storage. No work has been done at properties outside the
city limits. The Kerr-MoGee activities are voluntary, without EPA oversight
or involvement.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KERR-MoGEE (SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT)
West Chicago, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1984): The Kerr-MsGee (Sewage Treatment
Plant) Site covers about 23 acres in West Qiicago, Illinois. About 15,000
people live within 3 miles of the site.
In 1931, Lindsay Light & Chemical Oo. established a mill called the "Rare
Earths Facility" in West Chicago for the extraction of thorium and
nonradioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the property was
used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium),
mesothorium, and, during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the
facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash & Chemical in 1958 and to
Kerr-MoGee Chemical Corp. in 1967. Operations at the property continued until
1973, when Kerr-MoGee, the current owner, closed the facility.
Ihe original sewage treatment plant was built in 1919 and included two
septic tanks. Over the years, the plant changed, and the tanks were filled
with radioactive materials. In addition, fill, including radioactive
materials, was placed in other areas of the site. While modernizing the
plant, the city has located many surface and subsurface areas of
contamination. To allow the modernization to continue, any areas that
obstruct construction are expected to be excavated and the material placed in
a designed storage area on the site.
Status (January 19861; Because of an administrative error during the
public comment period, EPA is extending the comment period on this site for an
additional 60 days.
Status (May 1990): As modernization continued at the sewage treatment
plant, Kerr-MaGee excavated contaminated soils and removed them to the Rare
Earths Facility for storage. The Kerr-McGee activities are voluntary, without
EPA oversight or involvement.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MIG/DEWANE lANDFILL
Belvidere, Illinois
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The MIG/Dewane landfill covers 50
acres on Business Route 20E in Belvidere, Boone County, Illinois. The site is
in a rural area with cxxnmercial and agricultural operations nearby. Since
1976, MIG/Dewane has accepted household refuse and special wastes such as
paint sludges and organic solvents. Approximately 480,000 gallons of
hazardous waste containing arsenic, cadmium, lead, nickel, and cyanide were
dumped into the landfill, according to the Illinois Environmental Protection
Agency.
In June 1986, EPA found 1,1-dichloroethane in on-site monitoring wells
into the upper sand and gravel aquifer. The site is located near Belvidere's
municipal water wells and private wells. One municipal well and 28% of the
private wells are obtaining water from the upper sand and gravel aquifer.
There is no confining layer to prevent migration of contaminants from the
landfilled area to the upper aquifer. An estimated 16,300 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site. A private well is 2,500
feet from a contaminated well on the site.
In 1985, the State Attorney General, on behalf of Boone County, filed a
lawsuit against MIG/Dewane because the company was expanding the landfill
beyond its permit. After the suit went to the Illinois Supreme Court, the
site was ordered closed in June 1988. It ceased operations in July 1988.
Status fMav 1990); The site operator has declared bankruptcy and left
the State. Wastes are exposed on about 10 acres of the site. The State is
conducting a search to identify parties potentially responsible for wastes
associated with the site and may request that they cover the exposed wastes.
The State is also pumping leachate from a collection lagoon to prevent
overflowing.
EPA emergency staff is evaluating the site to determine if a removal
action is warranted at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CONRAIL RAIL YARD (ELKHART)
Elkhart, Indiana
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Consolidated Rail Corp. (Oonrail) has
operated a rail yard on County Road 1 at the southwestern edge of Elkhart,
ElMiart County, Indiana, since 1976. Previously, the 675-acre property had
been a rail yard for New York Central Railroad (1956-68) and Penn Central
Railroad (1968-76).
The Indiana Department of Environmental Management has documented
numerous spills at the rail yard since 1976.
In June 1986, EPA's emergency removal program was asked by the Elkhart
County Health Department to confirm analyses indicating that local wells were
contaminated with carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene (TCE). EPA's
investigation identified five areas covering about 5 acres requiring further
study: the diesel shop, the area surrounding oil and water tanks, several
areas where wastes may have been buried, the shop where car tanks were
cleaned, and the Crawford Ditch, which flows into the St. Joseph River.
Analyses indicate that soils in some of these areas contain carbon
tetrachloride, and wells downgradient of the rail yard contain carbon
tetrachloride, TCE, tetrachloroethylene, chloroform, and dichloroethane. EPA
installed activated carbon units at residences with contaminated wells. EPA
analyses indicate a plume of contaminated ground water that is 1.5-2 miles
long and empties into the St. Joseph River. An estimated 55,000 people obtain
drinking water from Elkhart municipal wells and private wells within 3 miles
of the site.
Status fMav 19901: In June 1988, EPA issued a "special notice letter11
offering Conrail the opportunity to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. In
September 1988, EPA notified Conrail its response could not be considered an
acceptable "good faith" offer. Accordingly, EPA is conducting the RI/FS;
field work began in August 1989. Initial data confirmed the existence of two
plumes of contaminated ground water. EPA is reviewing the data to assess the
need for additional field work and interim remedial measures.
Field investigations by a Conrail contractor found TCE and carbon
tetrachloride in soil and ground water within the rail yard.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TIPPECANOE SANITARY IANDFILL, INC.
Lafayette, Indiana
Conditions at listing (June 1988V; Tippecanoe Sanitary landfill, Inc.
(TSL) operates a 51-acre landfill in lafayette, Tippecanoe County, Indiana.
In 1971, the company received a permit from the State to accept municipal
waste. Open dumping had occurred for an unknown period prior to that date.
In 1978, the State did not renew the site's operating permit because of
shallow ground water and highly permeable subsurface materials at the site. A
series of appeal** followed, and the facility is currently operating without a
permit.
In 1979, ALCOA, Lafayette, Indiana, advised the State that its aluminum-
lime sludge, which had been hauled to the site since 1973, had been found to
contain significant levels of ECBs. Disposal of the sludge ceased, but
considerable quantities had already been deposited at the site.
In December 1983, the Indiana State Board of Health found that a nearby
well contained PCBs and acetone, as well as lead and cadmium, at levels
exceeding Federal primary drinking water standards. An estimated 81,000
people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site.
In May 1987, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM)
started litigation to permanently enjoin TSL from operating.
Status (Mav 1990); A Consent Decree with IDEM dated November 29, 1988
required TSL to stop accepting solid wastes by October 1, 1989, remove all
personnel and equipment by October 31, 1989, and place a cover of soil on
filled areas.
TSL filed a bankruptcy petition in February 1989. The landfill closed in
September 1989.
A TSL contractor started to cap the filled areas, but the capping is not
yet complete.
EPA issued a "Special Notice Letters" to 17 parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site, offering them the opportunity
to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action. Following negotiation with EPA and IDEM, 10 of the parties
signed a CERCLA Administrative Order on Consent, effective March 8, 1990, to
conduct the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WHITEiUKD SALES & SERVICE INC./NATIONAIEASE
South Bend, Indiana
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Ihe Whiteford Sales and Service
Inc./Nationalease Site covers approximately 7 acres on Sample Street in South
Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana. Ihe site operated as Whiteford Sales and
Service during 1960-83 and as National ease during 1983-87. Both companies
leased trucks and semitrailers. Currently, the operation is known as
Whiteford-Kenworth, Inc.
Approximately 396,000 gallons of degreasing solvents and sludge resulting
from cleaning of the trucks and semitrailers were deposited into three unlined
dry wells, each 4 feet in diameter and 6 feet deep. Tests conducted by St.
Joseph County in May 1985 found that on-site soil is contaminated with
inorganic and organic compounds, including lead, arsenic, ethylbenzene, and
toluene. Soil on the site is permeable, facilitating the movement of
oiaitaminants into ground water. Approximately 237,000 people draw drinking
water from public wells within 3 miles of the site. The nearest well is about
900 feet from the site.
Status (May 1990); On June 19, 1987, Whiteford and the Indiana
Department of Environmental Management signed a Consent Decree requiring
Whiteford to remove 4 feet of soil in all directions from around the dry
wells. Whiteford has not met this requirement. In June 1990, EPA is to start
a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PORT RIIEY
Junction City, Kansas
Conditions at listing (July 1989) ;Fort Riley is near Junction City,
Kansas, north of where the Republican and Smoky Hill Rivers meet to form the
Kansas River. Most of the 152-square-mile Army base is in Riley County, with
the remainder in Geary County. The majority of the developed areas are in the
southern portion, along the Republican and Kansas Rivers. The area around the
fort is predominantly rural and agricultural.
Established in 1853, Fort Riley was a major fort in this area during the
Civil War. It is currently the headquarters of the U.S. Army First Infantry
Division (mechanized) and host to over a dozen other units of the Department
of Defense. There are six main centers of activity in Fort Riley. Camp
Forsyth is on the floodplain of the Republican River, immediately north of
Junction CityJ Camp Funston is on the floodplain of the Kansas River,
immediately west of the Town of Ogden. Camp Whitside is on the Kansas River
floodplain just west of Camp Funston. The Main Post is on the edge of the
Kansas River floodplain across from Marshall Air Field. Custer Hill is in the
upland several miles north of the Kansas River.
Operations on the facility have been varied, including seven landfills,
numerous motor pools, burn and firefighting pit areas, hospitals, dry
cleaning, shops, and pesticide storage and mixing areas. Vinyl chloride,
pesticides, waste motor oils, degreasing solvents, tetrachloroethylene
(perchloroethylene), and mercury were deposited in landfills below the water
table and spilled or dumped on the ground adjacent to buildings. The most
serious problems are associated with a sanitary landfill at Camp Funston,
spills of dry cleaning solvents at the Main Post, and pesticide residues, also
at the Main Post.
Fort Riley is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. A 1984 IRP study indicates that vinyl chloride is present in
shallow (15-25 foot) monitoring wells downgradient of the Camp Funston
landfill. The alluvial aquifer along the Republican and Kansas Rivers is the
sole source of drinking water for Fort Riley, Ogden, and Junction City.
A Fort Riley water supply well is 0.7 mile from a former dry cleaning
building. Municipal and Army wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
the base provide drinking water to an estimated 46,800 people. Ground water
is also used locally for irrigation.
The Kansas River along Fort Riley is used for fishing and other
recreational activities. Bald eagles, designated by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service as an endangered species, are seen regularly on the base.
Status (May 1990); EPA, the Army, and the Kansas Department of Health
and Environment (KDHE) are negotiating an Interagency Agreement under CERdA
Section 120. The agreement will require the Army to submit schedules for all
activities and provides for EPA and KDHE oversight of these activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CAIDWELL IACE IEAIHER CD., INC.
Auburn, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Caldwell Lace Leather Co., Inc.,
Site consists of three tannery waste areas in Logan County along the south
side of Cemetery Road (State Highway 1039) approximately 2.5 miles northwest
of Auburn, Kentucky. The areas have received wastes since 1972. Until 1985,
the site was owned by Caldwell and received waste generated by leather-tanning
processes at its plant in Auburn. In November 1985, North Park, Inc., a
subsidiary of Auburn Leather Co., purchased the plant and disposal areas. The
plant no longer conducts tanning operations.
During 1972-82, wastes, including chrome and vegetable tanning wash
sludge, fleshings, screenings, and leather and gasket scraps, were buried in
trenches or placed in unlined lagoons in a 5.5-acre area of the property. The
sludge was generated from a chromium or vegetable tanning solution (water-
soluble extracts from various plant parts) used to stabilize collagen fibers
so that they are no longer biodegradable. Fleshings and screenings resulted
from processes in which the leather is prepared for tanning by removing the
hair and tissue from the flesh side of the skin.
The second disposal area is a 29.6-acre landfarm. In July 1982, the
company received a conditional permit from the Kentucky Natural Resources and
Environmental Protection Cabinet (KNREPC) to mix the sludges into the soil.
The landfarm stopped operating in 1985.
In March 1983, KNREPC granted a conditional permit to Caldwell for the
third area, a 5.1-acre landfill adjacent to the old trench/lagoon area, to
accept only solid wastes, including the screenings, fleshiJigs, leather scraps,
and gasket scraps. In 1986, North Park, Inc., received a solid waste permit
for the landfill from KNREPC. The company's operations generate only leather
trimmings and scrap.
In July 1983, KNREPC detected chromium, including the most toxic
hexavalent form, in a private well 1,200 feet from the landfill area. The
well has been taken out of service. An estimated 660 people obtain drinking
water from private wells within 3 miles of the site. Subsurface conditions
are such that ground water migrates readily and cxsntaminants can reach surface
waters. The closest surface water intake is in Auburn, approximately 2 miles
southeast of the site where Black Lick Creek originates.
KNREPC has documented violations of State waste management laws and
regulations since 1978. In September 1984, Caldwell entered into an Agreed
Order with the State to remedy past violations and prevent further violations.
The closure consists of a three-phase approach involving application of lime
and fertilizer, regrading and revegetation, and ground water/surface water
monitoring.
Status (May 1990); All phases of the three-phase closure plan were
completed in late 1989. The landfarming area was never closed.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PORT HARTFORD COAL OO., INC., STONE QUARRY
Olaton, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Fort Hartford Coal Co., Inc.,
Stone Quarry in Olaton, Ohio County, originally provided limestone for parkway
construction in western Kentucky. Since 1981, the 100-acre area has been used
to store secondary dross (a by-product of aluminum recycling) from Barmet
Aluminum Corp. 's smelter in Livia, Kentucky. According to Fort Hartford Coal,
by late 1986 Barmet had deposited more than 712,000 tons of dross into the
quarry. Dross contains heavy metals (including barium, cadmium, chromium,
lead, copper, and manganese) and reacts violently with water to form several
gases, including ammonia. EPA detected ammonia in the air around the storage
areas during a December 1986 inspection.
In 1984, the Kentucky Department of Environmental Protection found high
levels of ammonia in an unnamed stream that originates in the waste. Run-off
from the quarry flows into the Rough River, which is used for recreational
activities. The waste was deposited below the water table, thus threatening
ground water. An estimated 700 people obtain drinking water from wells and
springs within 3 miles of the site.
Status (January 1990); Barmet contested the proposed listing of the Fort
Hartford Site and filed a civil action against EPA and the State on November
8, 1988 in the U.S. District Court. In November 1988, Barmet also filed for a
Temporary Restraining Order to keep EPA from (1) placing this site and the
Brantley Landfill Site on the final NPL until their comments had been
addressed and (2) keep EPA from sending letters to other parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the sites informing them of their
potential liability. After the request for this order was denied, EPA sent
the letters.
In December 1988, EPA, in response to a citizen's complaint, identified
two areas where the quarry roof had collapsed on his property. Subsequently,
additional roof collapse areas were identified that provide actual or
potential pathways by which water can drain into the dross storage areas.
In January 1989, EPA sampled area private wells. No evidence was found
of contamination from dross stored at the site. However, two samples had
elevated levels of manganese and/or iron. Storage operations continue. By
October 1989, 1.2 million tons of dross were in the quarry.
On September 20, 1989, EPA and Barmet signed a CERCIA Administrative
Order on Consent requiring Barmet to conduct a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. Barmet submitted an
Expedited Response Action Plan on October 20, 1989 under the order. Barmet
will (1) identify all areas where waste is in contact with water and where
water is entering the quarry and (2) isolate wastes from water.
Status (May 1990): The civil action against EPA was dismissed when the
judge ruled he did not have subject matter jurisdiction.
After EPA reviewed Barmet's workplans, Barmet started the Expedited
Response Action in mid-May 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
(SHEEN RIVER DISPOSAL, INC.
Maoeo, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Green River Disposal, Inc., disposed
of waste on Kelly Cemetery Road in a rural area in east Daviess County near
Maceo, Kentucky, during 1970-84. The 14-acre site was used for landfilling
and surface disposal. In January 1975, the site was permitted as a solid
waste landfill by the State of Kentucky. The permit expired in January 1988.
The facility became inactive in 1984.
Waste from Kentucky industries was disposed of at the facility during
1978-84. According to records of the Kentucky Department for Environmental
Protection (KDEP), this waste was generated in part by Martin Marietta
Aluminum (now Commonwealth Aluminum) in Lewisport and by Green River Steel
Corp., W. R. Grace & Co., and General Electric Co., all in Owensboro. The
waste included aluminum dross saltcake, steel dust, phenolic resin, and paint
waste, which were buried along with sanitary waste as part of the facility's
daily operations; 976 drums of waste were disposed of at the facility. In
January 1985, Martin Marietta and Grace removed 776 drums and transported them
to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.
In June 1985, a site investigation by KDEP revealed that two drums at the
site contained chromium, lead, cyanide, PCBs, arsenic, and barium, and that
on-site private wells contained arsenic and barium. An estimated 500 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
According to KDEP, surface water is threatened because wastes are in-
adequately covered and run-off is uncontrolled. Blackford Creek, which is
used for irrigation and recreational activities, is within 3 miles downstream
of the site.
The Green River Disposal, Inc., facility has a history of leachate
outbreaks, underground fires, and acceptance of unauthorized waste. In
January 1983, the facility entered into an Agreed Order with KDEP. The order
was prepared as a result of permit violations and designed to deal with the
environmental problems existing at the landfill and to bring the facility into
compliance with solid waste regulations. On August 6, 1986, the State
received a Notice of Bankruptcy from the company under Chapter 7 of the
Federal bankruptcy code.
Status (May 1990); EPA has issued a CERCXA Unilateral Administrative
Order requiring Commonwealth Aluminum, W.R. Grace & Co., General Electric Co.,
and Athlone Industries, Inc., all of whom sent wastes to the site, to conduct
a removal that in part encompasses restricting access to the site and
controlling leachate.
In May 1990, the four companies entered into a CERCLA Administrative
Order on Consent with EPA. Under the order, they will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CCMBUSTICN, INC.
Denham Springs, Louisiana
Conditions at listing (June 1986); The Combustion, Inc., Site covers
approximately 6 acres in Denham Springs, Livingston Parish, Louisiana. Prior
to late 1980, the company transported nonreclaimable tars, paraffins, waste
oil, sediments, and waste water to the site via pipeline from its petroleum
hydrocarbon recycling plant located approximately 0.25 mile to the southeast.
During the life of the facility, 11 irregularly shaped earthen pits were
constructed; five contain oily wastes, three contain oil and waste water, and
three contain principally waste water. Approximately 3 million gallons of
material are in the pits. Although the pits were constructed to isolate the
wastes, they are connected by a series of trenches or pipes that allow mixing.
Two aboveground tanks are also located on the Combustion, Inc., property:
a 20,000-gallon tank and a 30,000-gallon tank. These tanks were used
primarily for storing the wastes before they were processed to recover oil,
but they may have been used for other storage at times. In addition, Dubois,
Inc., the previous owner of the property, may have treated potentially
hazardous chemicals other than waste oils on the site.
Combustion, Inc., began to close the facility late in 1980, and by May
1982, had completely shut down operations. In October 1983, the Louisiana
Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) analyzed wastes from the site and
found they contained PCBs, volatile organic chemicals, and heavy metals. In
February 1985, LDEQ detected lead and thallium in ground water at the site,
and volatile organic chemicals in the air. Ground water within 3 miles of the
site is used for irrigation and drinking water. About 500 people live within
1 mile of the site.
On January 18, 1984, a State Compliance Order was issued to the site
owner. The property has allegedly been sold to unknown parties, and the
former owner says he is financially unable to clean up the site.
Status (June 1988); After this site was proposed in June 1986, new
technical information became available. Hence, EPA is reproposing this site
to allow an additional 60-day comment period.
Louisiana has an enforcement agreement with EPA to take the lead on site
cleanup. LDEQ is working with Combustion, Inc., on a workplan for a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Status (May 1990); A number of the parties potentially responsible for
wastes associated with the site prepared a preliminary Public Health
Evaluation and Endangerment Assessment in February 1990 and a preliminary PI
report in April 1990. LDEQ and EPA are reviewing the documents. The work is
proceeding under a State enforcement order.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ALLIED PAPER, INC./POKIAGE CREEK/KAIAMAZOO RIVER
Kalamazoo, Michigan
Conditions at listing (May 1989); The Allied Paper, Inc./Portage
Creek/Kalamazoo River Site involves PCB contamination of an Allied Paper,
Inc., property, in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, plus a 3-mile
stretch of Portage Creek from Kalamazoo to where the creek meets the Kalamazoo
River, and a 35-mile stretch of the Kalamazoo River.
Allied Paper, Inc., has operated paper mills on a 80-acre property at
2030 Portage Road in Kalamazoo since 1925. Ihe company, a subsidiary of SCM
Corp., recycled and deinked paper, including carbonless copy papers, which
contained 3.4% by weight of Aroclor, a PCB, from 1957 to 1971.
In 1986, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) detected
PCBs in several places in the 80-mile stretch of the Kalamazoo River between
Kalamazoo and Lake Michigan. Contamination is primarily in the sediments,
although the water column and fish are also contaminated. According to MDNR,
the contamination begins at the point were Allied's Bryant Mill Pond
discharges to Portage Creek.
MDNR tests conducted in October 1985 also found PCBs (Aroclor 1242 and
1254) in monitoring wells around a landfill on the Allied property, two seeps
from a sludge disposal area, and a discharge to Portage Creek. An estimated
142,000 people obtain drinking water from public wells within 3 miles of the
site, the nearest 1.1 miles from the site. No alternate unthreatened sources
of water are now available.
In 1977, the Michigan Department of Public Health issued an advisory
warning against eating fish in the river because they were contaminated with
PCBs. In 1984, MDNR began a long-term project to clean up the river after it
was listed in the Michigan Environmental Response Act. MDNR has conducted
extensive sampling to determine the extent of contamination.
On December 2, 1987, the State filed a complaint under CERdA Sections
107 and 113, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act; the Toxic Substances Control Act, and three Michigan
laws. The complaint called for Allied Paper and SCM Corp. to stop the release
of hazardous substances into the environment and pay cleanup costs. In
response, the companies have undertaken studies of the extent of the PCB
contamination, the quantities of PCBs in Bryant Mill Pond, and possible
remedial actions.
Status (May 1990); MDNR is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CANNELTON INDUSTRIES, INC.
Sault Saiitte Marie, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Cannelton Industries, Inc., Site
covers 75 acres along the south bank of the St. Mary's River about 1.5 miles
west of the downtown area of Sault Sainte Marie, Chippewa County, Michigan.
Starting early in the 19th century, Northwestern leather Co. manufactured
leather products on the site, dumping tannery wastes on 5 acres located in the
100-year floodplain of the St. Mary's River. The waste was disposed of to a
depth of 6 to 8 feet and left uncovered. An estimated 10,000 cubic yards were
disposed of, as observed from the depth of wastes along the bank and the area
void of vegetation. Marshland borders the site on two sides.
In 1954-55, Fibron Limestone Co. (a subsidiary of Algoma Steel Corp.,
Ltd., of Canada) purchased the 75 acres. Subsequently, the property was
transferred to Cannelton Industries, Inc., another Algoma subsidiary. The
property was intended for construction of a manufacturing plant that was never
built. Algoma dismantled various structures that were considered hazardous.
No manufacturing has been carried out on the site since 1958 and hence no
industrial waste has been generated, according to Algoma. The site is not now
in use.
On-site soils and adjacent river sediments contain extremely high levels
of chromium, lead, copper, cyanide, and mercury, according to tests conducted
in 1979 by Sault Sainte Marie State College and the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources. Chromium, lead, manganese, arsenic, and iron well in
excess of drinking water standards were also found in ground water in the
middle of the disposal area. An estimated 1,200 people obtain drinking water
from private wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest about 1 mile from
the site.
Sault Sainte Marie, Ontario, withdraws water from the St. Mary's River
approximately 2 miles downstream of the old tannery disposal site.
The dump area is unfenced, making it possible for people and animals to
come into direct contact with hazardous substances at the site. Bald eagles
feed and nest within 2 miles of the site.
In 1986, Algoma Steel agreed informally with the State to construct (1) a
wall along the shore of the St. Mary's River to prevent wave and ice action
from removing solid material from the site and (2) an impermeable clay cap to
prevent erosion and prohibit rainwater from infiltrating the site. To date,
the company has taken no action.
Status (December 1988): EPA is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Status (May 1990): In the spring of 1989 under a Consent Order with EPA,
Algoma Steel installed a sprinkler system as a temporary measure in a 2-acre
barren zone with a history of fires. In November 1989, Algoma Steel completed
a wall to control erosion along the shoreline of the barren zone. Discussions
are underway concerning what further actions should be taken in the zone.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PEERLESS PLATING CD.
Muskegon, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Peerless Plating Co. started
operating an electroplating shop on a 1-acre site at 2554 Getty Avenue in
Muskegon, Muskegon County, Michigan, in 1937. The site is surrounded by
commercial, industrial, and residential areas. The plant closed in June 1983
as a result of State and local enforcement actions, labor problems, and
financial difficulties.
Operations at the plant involved toxic, corrosive, reactive, and
flammable chemicals. According to the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources (MCNR), wastes containing heavy metals were discharged into three
unlined lagoons at the rear of the facility. MCNR also determined that
manholes inside the plant discharged directly onto the ground and that drummed
wastes were stored on-site.
In September-October 1983, EPA used CERdA emergency funds in a removal
action at the site. EPA removed 37,000 gallons of sulfuric acid, nitric acid,
chromic acid, cyanide plating solution, chromium plating solution,
hydrochloric acid, and trichloroethylene. Also, the lagoons were drained;
soil was removed from the lagoon areas; the interior of the building was
cleaned; vats, lines, and tanks were decontaminated; sewer lines were sealed;
and cyanides and nitric acid were neutralized on-site. Hazardous materials
were removed to a facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act. Approximately 15,000-20,000 gallons of sludges
and liquids remain on-site.
In 1985, EPA detected cadmium, chromium, cyanide, trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene, and trichloroethylene in an on-site well. An estimated
1,500 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site. The nearest well is less than 100 feet from the site.
The site is on a nearly level lake plain. Little Black Creek, which
empties into Lake Manor, is a major drainage pathway. The lake is used for
recreational activities.
Status (Mav 1990); In July 1989, EPA began planning a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Field work is expected to start shortly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
DAKHUE SANITARY LANDFILL
Cannon Falls, Minnesota
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Dakhue Sanitary Landfill covers 80
acres approximately 3.5 miles north of Cannon Falls in a rural agricultural
area of Dakota County, Minnesota. Since 1971, the owner has had a permit from
the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) to accept municipal wastes.
MPCA estimates that through 1986, 817,000 cubic yards of solid waste
(primarily norihazardous industrial and municipal waste) have been disposed of
at the landfill, which has no liner.
MPCA analyses in 1985 and 1987 of shallow monitoring wells on the site
detected volatile organic compounds, including 1,1-dichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride, cis-l,2-dichloroethylene, and
chloroform. The shallow ground water is used for drinking water by about 500
residents within 3 miles of the site and for irrigation of an estimated 6,500
acres. The nearest drinking water well is about 1,200 feet from the site.
The area near the landfill consists of gently rolling hills with a gentle
slope toward the south. Pine Creek is 1 mile south of the site, and Cannon
River is nearly 3 miles to the south.
In May 1980, MPCA issued Dakhue Sanitary Landfill a Notice of
Noncompliance for failure to comply with established operating procedures and
failure to submit water monitoring reports. In November 1984, MPCA issued a
Notice of Violation for failure to submit work required by the landfill
permit. In June 1987, the company declared bankruptcy under Chapter 7 of the
Federal bankruptcy code.
Status (Mav 1990^: In the fall'*of 1989, MPCA installed four new
monitoring wells — three downgradient and one upgradient of the landfill. A
new erosion control system is nearing completion. MPCA is preparing workplans
for further investigations of ground water and for capping the landfill.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
QRCNOGO-DUENWEG MINING HRT.T
Jasper County, Missouri
Conditions at listing (June 1988) ; The Oronogo-Duenweg Mining Belt is
located in Jasper County, Missouri, and comprises a portion of the Tri-State
Mining District of Missouri, Kansas, and Oklahoma. Two other Superfund sites
in the district, Cherokee County in Kansas and Tar Creek in Ottawa County,
Oklahoma, were placed on the NEL in September 1983. Superfund-financed
remedial activities are ongoing at these sites.
Lead and zinc ores, as well as some cadmium ores, were mined, milled, and
throughout Jasper County from 1848 to the late 1960s. Mining efforts
were originally performed by small independent companies that were later
organized into larger mining operations.
Abundant mining activities occurred in an area of 2 by 10 miles between
Oronogo and Duenweg, northeast of Joplin. The area is honeycombed with
underground workings, pits, shafts (open, closed, and collapsed) , mine
tailings, waste piles, and ponds holding tailing waters. Ihe Jasper County
portion of the mining district contains many abandoned underground mine
workings, and the land surface in many parts of the county is covered with an
estimated 10 million tons of mining wastes.
Ihe primary sources of contamination at the site are residual metal
sulf ides in abandoned mine workings and tailing piles that were left uncovered
and unstabilized. Upon exposure to the atmosphere, these sulf ides mobilize as
dissolved compounds, increasing acidity. Ihe resulting metal-laden acidic
waters, referred to as acid mine drainage, contaminate ground water and fill
mine shafts and subsidences; when the waters surface through springs, they
combine with metal-laden runoff and contaminate rivers, creeks, and lakes.
Studies conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (1977) concluded that
ground water and surface water are contaminated with lead, cadmium, and zinc.
An estimated 1,500 people obtain drinking water from private wells within
3 miles of the site.
Status (May 1990V: EPA plans to conduct a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination in Jasper
County and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the ;
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CEjRCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTIAKE lANDFILL
Bridgeton, Missouri
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Westlake Landfill covers 200 acres
in Bridgeton, St. Louis County, Missouri, about 16 miles northwest of downtown
St. Louis. The area is adjacent to prime agricultural land and is in the
floodplain of the Missouri River. Between 1939 and the spring of 1987,
limestone was quarried on the site. Starting in 1962, portions of the
property were used for landfilling of solid and liquid industrial wastes,
municipal refuse, and construction debris. In 1973, Cotter Corp. disposed of
over 43,000 tons of uranium ore processing residues and soil in two areas
covering a total of 16 acres of the Westlake Landfill, according to a Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC) report published in 1977.
In 1976, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MENR) closed the
unregulated landfill. Since then, MCNR has issued several permits for various
portions of the 200-acre site. Currently, an operating sanitary landfill has
a permitted area of 52 acres, and an operating demolition landfill has a
permitted area of 22 acres.
Uranium was detected in on-site monitoring wells in tests conducted in
1985 and 1986 by a consultant to the owner of the landfill. An estimated
60 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA is monitoring investigations by NRC and Cotter
Corp. of potential remedies for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HEVI-DUIY ELECTRIC CO.
Goldsboro, North Carolina
Conditions at listing (May 1989); Hevi-Duty Electric Co. operates on
about 125 acres just off U.S. 117 in an industrial-residential area about 2
miles south of Goldsboro, Wayne County, North Carolina. Since early 1968,
Hevi-Duty, which is owned by General Signal Corp., has manufactured dry and
liquid power transformers on the southern part the property; the northern
two-thirds is leased to local fanners.
Oil containing PCBs was used in the transformers until the mid 1970s. In
1979 or 1980, about 1,000 gallons of PC&-containing transformer oil was
spilled from an underground storage tank. The company removed the soil from
this spill and buried it in an unlined pit on the north end of the property.
In about 1976, PCB-contaminated soil from an underground storage tank area was
removed and buried in a plastic-lined pit under supervision of the North
Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development (NRCD).
In August 1985, EPA and Hevi-Duty signed a Consent Agreement under which the
company paid a civil penalty of $7,800.
On January 30, 1986, a cracked pipeline on a tanker truck resulted in a
spill of approximately 1,400 gallons of transformer oil. According to
Hevi-Duty, this oil, which contained approximately 4 parts per million PCBs,
ran into culverts and an open drainage ditch. The majority of the oil was
recovered by skimming from the water, then filtered and reused. The saturated
soil and material used to soak up some of the spill were disposed of in #1
Wayne County Landfill. Hevi-Duty also stated that the spill was contained on
its property and did not reach any open water.
On March 18, 1986, Hevi-Duty reported to NRCD that a crack in an
underground oil line resulted in the loss of approximately 1,500 gallons of
transformer oil. During a State inspection on May 28, 1986, Hevi-Duty was
cleaning up the spill by pumping water underground, thus flushing the oil out
of the ground. A sample of the oil being forced out was collected from a mud
puddle. Analysis by the State indicated that it contained 227 parts per
million PCB (Aroclor 1254). On-site ground water also contained Aroclor 1254.
An estimated 4,600 people obtain drinking water from public wells within
3 miles of the site, the nearest 1,900 feet from the site.
EPA in 1977 and 1978 and the North Carolina Division of Health Services
in 1985 found elevated levels of Aroclor 1254 in ambient air at the site. An
estimated 15,000 people live within 4 miles of the site.
The site drains to the Neuse River approximately 4,650 feet north of the
plant building. The river is used for fishing within 3 miles downstream of
the site.
Hevi-Duty recently hired a contractor to study the environmental status
of the site.
Status (May 1990): EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
10TH STREET SITE
Columbus, Nebraska
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The 10th Street Site consists of
four contaminated municipal water supply wells and two areas of soil
contamination in the City of Columbus, Platte County, Nebraska. The site
occupies about 18 acres in downtown Columbus on the north bank of the Loup
River. The site boundary is currently delineated by Columbus Municipal Wells
#1, 2, 4, and 11 and by four soil samples.
These four municipal wells were sampled by the Nebraska Department of
Health in June 1984 and December 1988 and by EPA in April 1987, September
1987, and February 1988. The results show from 2.0 parts per billion (ppb) to
29.0 ppb of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene. Tetrachloroethylene was detected in
Wells #2 and #4 at levels ranging from 2.0 ppb to 24.7 ppb. A soil-gas survey
conducted in May 1988 by EPA delineated a ground water plume with a point
source located in a city parking lot (formerly a scrap metal yard) about 1,000
feet east of Well #1. Potential sources of the soil contamination are a dry
cleaning facility behind the lot and a laundromat 1,400 feet southwest of the
lot. Both facilities are or once were identified as small quantity generators
of tetrachloroethylene under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act. Both facilities are within 1,000 feet of the contaminated
wells.
The municipal wells and private wells within 3 miles of the site provide
drinking water to an estimated 19,300 people; 48 irrigation wells are also in
use. All wells tap the surficial aquifer consisting of alluvial sands and
gravels; the water table is at a depth between 12.4 and 30 feet.
Status fMav 1990); During the summer of 1990, EPA will start a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NEBRASKA ORDNANCE PLANT (FORMER)
Mead, Nebraska
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The former Nebraska Ordnance Plant
once occupied over 17,000 acres near Head in a rural part of Saunders County,
35 miles northeast of Lincoln, Nebraska. From 1942 to 1956, the primary
function of the plant was munitions production at four bomb loading lines for
both World War II and the Korean Conflict. The plant was also used for
munitions storage and ammonium nitrate production. Some of the operations
used organic solvents.
Beginning in 1962, portions of the former plant were sold or transferred
to various other entities. Today, the major production area of the former
plant, approximately 9,000 acres, belongs to the University of Nebraska and is
used as an agricultural research station. The remaining acreage is currently
owned by the Nebraska National Guard and numerous private individuals and
corporations.
The former Nebraska Ordnance Plant is being investigated by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers as part of the Defense Environmental Restoration Program.
The site, however, is not currently owned by the Federal government. Included
in the Corps investigation are the current university property, the current
Nebraska National Guard property, and the former administration area, bomb
booster assembly area, burning ground/sewage treatment area, and ammonium
nitrate plant. In a study completed in April 1989, the Corps identified areas
of soil contaminated by PCBs and munitions wastes, including trinitrotoluene
(TNT) and c^cloraethylenetrimtramine (RDX). The Corps also detected TNT, RDX,
and trichloroethylene (TCE) in on-site monitoring wells, and RDX and TCE in
off-site drinking water wells. An estimated 400 persons obtain drinking water
from wells within 3 miles of the site. Ground water is also used for
irrigation and livestock.
The Corps is conducting a remedial investigation (RI) to determine the
type and extent of contamination in all known areas of contamination.
Status (May 1990): Work on the RI continues.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE CORP.
Edison Township, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Chemical Insecticide Corp. (CIC)
formerly manufactured, formulated, and packaged pesticide products on a 5.8-
acre property directly south of Interstate Route 287 at 30 Whitman Avenue,
Edison Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Operations were conducted from
1958 to 1970, at which time the company declared bankruptcy and operations
ceased. The property is currently vacant and enclosed by a 6-foot chainlink
fence. Industrial properties adjoin the property on the west, south, and
east; residential developments are within 1 mile to the northeast and
southwest.
CIC produced a wide range of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and
rodenticides. Waste disposal practices are not clearly documented. However,
three surface impoundments were known to have existed at the site. The
hazardous substances found at the site include carbon disulfide, ethylbenzene,
chlorobenzene, beta-benzene hexachloride (beta-BHC), alpha-BHC, delta-BHC
(lindane), gamma-BHC, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4-DDE),
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4-DDT), and arsenic. Alpha-BHC, delta-
BHC, dieldrin, 4,4-DDE, and 4,4-DDT are present in on-site monitoring wells,
according to tests conducted by EPA in 1987-88. An estimated 35,000 people
rely on public wells within 3 miles of the site as a standby source of
drinking water. The closest is approximately 3,200 feet from the site.
Status (May 1990); EPA is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the
site and identify alternatives for remedial action. As an interim remedy, EPA
plans to cap the site to prevent surface water run-off.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL CENTER
Atlantic County, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (July 1989); The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) Technical Center cavers 5,052 acres 8 miles northwest of Atlantic City
in Atlantic County. The site borders the Garden State Parkway in southeastern
New Jersey. Installations on the site include the Atlantic City International
Airport, a New Jersey Air National Guard Station, and extensive FAA
facilities.
Activities at the site started in 1942 with construction of a Naval air
base. In late 1958, FAA, then known as the Airways Modernization Board, took
over the operation and has used the facility as an airport and aviation safety
research center.
In 1984, the New Jersey Department of Environroental Protection (NJDEP)
contracted for an assessment of pollution sources that could impact the then
proposed Atlantic City Municipal Well Field, to be located on the north shore
of the Upper Atlantic City Reservoir within the FAA Technical Center
boundaries. This investigation identified five areas as posing a threat to
the proposed well field: the Salvage Area (Area 20A), where scrap materials
and drums of hazardous waste oils and solvents were stored; the Fuel Mist Test
Facility (Area 27), where jet fuels were sprayed and burned to test the
antimisting properties of certain fuel additives; the Fire Training Area (Area
29), where fuel fire testing and fire training exercises were conducted; the
Avgas Fuel Farm and Photo tab (Area 41), where leaks from underground storage
tanks, discharge of photographic lab wastes, and spillage of fuels may have
occurred; and the Abandoned Navy Landfill (Area 56), an area south of the main
runway used as a landfill by the Navy.
Hydrogeological studies of the five areas indicated that development of
the new well field could proceed. Since then, FAA has informed NJDEP and EPA
of additional areas that may have an environmental impact. FAA is conducting
a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RE/FS) under NJDEP and EPA
guidance.
Tetrachloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, benzene, toluene, and 1,1,1-
trichloroethane are present in ground water at Areas 2QA, 29, and 56,
according to a November 1984 report of NJDEP's contractor and initial results
of FAA's RI/FS. Elevated levels of cadmium and chromium were found in ground
water at Area 56. An estimated 68,000 people obtain drinking water from
Atlantic City reservoirs, which are fed primarily by the north and south
branches of Doughty's Mill Stream. The upper reservoir is on Technical Center
property, as are nine new Atlantic City production wells.
Status (May 1990); FAA has completed FIs on the original five areas,
"plus" 17 additional areas. FSs are underway or completed forr-several areas.
The remedy has been selected for Site D - Jet Fuel Farm.
EPA and FAA plan to negotiate an Interagency Agreement under CERCIA
Section 120 to cover the remedial activities to be conducted.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HIGGINS DISPOSAL
Kingston, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Higgins Disposal Site covers 38
acres at 121 laurel Avenue in a rural area north of Kingston, Somerset County,
New Jersey. For an unknown number of years, the owner operated an unpermitted
landfill and an unpermitted transfer station on the site. The owner of this
business owns Higgins Farm, which was also proposed for the NFL in June 1988.
In 1981, as required by CERCLA Section 103 (c), FMC Corp. reported to EPA
that in 1974 its Princeton plant had sent chemical waste containing heavy
metals, organic solvents, and pesticides to the site. In October 1982, the
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) issued an
Administrative Order under the State's Solid Waste Management Act requiring
Higgins Disposal to stop accepting and disposing of solid waste and remove
waste already at the facility.
On June 26, 1986, NJDEP sampled soil and water on the property. Analysis
identified PCBs (Aroclor 1248), tetrachloroethylene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in on-site soil. Aroclor 1248 was also detected in
an on-site pond downgradient of the landfill. When full, the pond spills into
Dirty Brook, which discharges into the Delaware/Raritan Canal. The canal is
used for boating and fishing. A fresh water wetland is 300 feet from the
site.
Soils on the site are permeable and ground water shallow, conditions that
facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water. An estimated 2,000
people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site as their sole source
of drinking water. NJDEP considers Higgins Disposal a possible source of
local well contamination.
Status (May 1990): EPA is starting a remedial investigation/feasibility
study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL
Lodi, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Ihe Lodi Municipal Well in Lodi,
Bergen County, New Jersey, is contaminated with uranium and its decay
products, according to tests conducted by the State. In December 1983, the
State closed the well, which was one of nine wells serving about 24,000
people. Other municipal wells are being used, but they draw from the same
aquifer. The State is investigating to determine if ground water migrating
from a nearby thorium-processing facility is contaminating the Lodi Municipal
Well.
Status (January 1986); Additional tests of the well water are planned to
determine if the radionuclides present are associated with a naturally-
occurring formation in the area. The analyses will also include
nonradiological constituents, which are used to help identify the source of
contamination.
Status (September 1988); In the spring of 1988, EPA started a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (KE/FS), which should help determine if the
contamination is naturally occurring.
Status (May 1990); A draft of the RI/FS report was completed in December
1989. Additional sampling is planned to determine if the radioactive
contamination is naturally occurring.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NAVAL WEAPONS STATION EARLE (SITE A)
Colts Neck, New Jersey
Conditions at listing (Octcter 1984): The Naval Weapons Station Earle
covers 10,048 acres in Colts Neck, Monmouth County, New Jersey. Since the
early 1940s, the U.S. Navy has handled, stored, renovated, and transshipped
munitions at the station. These operations involve preserving and maintaining
anmunition, missile components, and explosives; rendering safe unserviceable
and/or dangerous ammunition and explosives; and providing support to the Fleet
Mine Facility. The station also conducts or has conducted nonordnance
activities, radiological operations, materials storage, and waste disposal
operations.
Site A covers 18 waste areas. Wastes generated in Site A include
ordnance materials, grit and paint, paint scrapings, solvent/paint sludges,
ammonium picrate, lead bullets from small arms ranges, zinc, lead, titanium,
and small amounts of other constituents. The Navy detected contaminants in a
limited number of sediment and surface water samples, but further background
samples are necessary.
j
In 1986, a Navy contractor detected pentachlorophenol in two monitoring
wells in Site A, which overlies the Cohansey Sand, Kirkwood Formation, and
Vincentown Formation aquifers. All are hydraulically connected, so that water
can move among them. An estimated 620 people within 3 miles of Site A are
served by these aquifers. A waste area is within 200 feet of a wetland where
a branch of Mingamahone Brook originates.
The station is participating in the Installation Restoration Program,
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
The Navy has completed Phase I (records search). Phase II (preliminary
survey) is underway.
Status (July 1985): EPA and the Navy have agreed upon a scope of work
which calls for investigation of 11 of the areas in Site A.
Status (May 1990); In October 1989, the Navy completed a workplan for a
remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the 11 areas in Site A and identify alternatives for remedial
action. EPA has reviewed the workplan and sent its comments to the Navy.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LEE ACRES LANDFILL (USDOI)
Farmington, New Mexico
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The !/=*> Acres Landfill, a Federal
facility site, covers 40 acres of public land in San Juan County southeast of
Farmington, New Mexico. The landfill area is about 2,200 feet north and
upgradient of the Lee Acres residential subdivision. One Giant Industries,
Inc., refinery property is to the southeast.
On May 1, 1962, the Bureau of land Management (BIM), part of the U.S.
Department of Interior (USDOI), leased 20 acres to San Juan County to operate
a county landfill. In April 1981, the lease was renewed and another 20 acres
were added to the county's lease.
The landfill consists of an undetermined number of solid waste trenches
and unlined waste lagoons. At least three of the lagoons may have received a
mixture of liquid wastes, including produced waters from oil and gas fields,
waste oil, spent acids, chlorinated organic solvents, and septic tank wastes,
according to the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division (NMEID). In
1985, NMEID detected chlorinated volatile organic compounds, including
1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,2-dichloroethylene, as well
as benzene, in a lagoon and in a residential well downgradient at the north
end of the Lee Acres subdivision. An estimated 400 residents use shallow
alluvial ground water within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
Lee Acres landfill is near where an arroyo meets the San Juan River,
which is used for recreational activities. During a heavy rainstorm in April
1985, a dike of one of the lagoons broke. Wastes entered the arroyo, posing a
possible threat to the San Juan River. During the same period, releases of
toxic vapors from the lagoons caused approximately 15 people, including
on-site cleanup workers, to experience difficulty in breathing, severe
headaches, skin rashes, or other symptoms. Also during that time, the
Governor called in the National Guard to secure the perimeter of the site.
BIM ordered the county to fence the landfill and NMEID hired a contractor to
treat the lagoon contents with ferric chloride to prevent further releases of
vapors. San Juan County subsequently filled in the four lagoons. BIM ordered
the landfill closed and, when the county abandoned it, contracted for fencing.
In 1985, BIM hired a consultant to study conditions at and near the
landfill. Subsequently, separate studies were conducted of soil gases, ground
water hydrology, and ground water quality. EPA has reviewed the consultant's
reports on the investigation. In November 1986, BIM arranged for alternative
drinking water supplies for residents of Lee Acres using ground water. BIM
plans to hire a contractor in 1988 to conduct a remedial investigation to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site.
Status (May 1990); Later in the year, EPA, NMEID, and BIM plan to define
the requirements of a remedial investigation/feasibility study.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ABANDONED REFINERY
Prewitt, New Mexico
Conditions at listing (June 1988) ; The Prewitt Abandoned Refinery Site
occupies 75 acres just east of Prewitt on U.S. Highway 66 in McKinley County,
New Mexico. Tract A, consisting of 68.2 acres south of the highway, contains
the ruins of the refinery, including waste pits, tank bases, and other rubble
from equipment that has been removed. Tract B, consisting of 6.8 acres north
of the highway, includes two major spill areas and the remains of a pump lift
station.
Site operations began in the early 1940s and continued for 25 years under
several different owners and operators, including Petroleum Products Refining
Co. , Petroleum Products Refining and Producing Co. , Malco Refineries, New
Mexico Asphalt and Refining Co. , Malco Asphalt and Refining Co. , and El Paso
Natural Gas Products Co. The Navajo Indian Tribe has owned the property since
December 1966.
According to information provided to EPA under CERCIA Section 103 (c) , El
Paso Natural Gas Products Co. deposited crude refinery wastes at the site and
Petroleum Products Refinery and Producing Co. deposited wastes listed as
hazardous under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
In December 1982, the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division
detected benzene in a nearby private well, and in May 1986 detected benzene
and xylenes in an on-site well to a depth of 17 feet. Wells within 3 miles of
the facility provide water to a public community water system, a public
noncommunity water system, private homes, and livestock. An estimated 1,600
people are served by ground water.
Status (May 1990) ; The former owners of the site have agreed to reduce
the immediate hazards posed by the site by constructing a security fence and
treating well water to remove hydrocarbons. Water treatment for five homes
has been completed.
The former owners entered into an Administrative Order on Consent with
EPA under CERCIA Section 106 on July 11, 1989. Under the order, they are
conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action.
During Phase I of the PI monitoring wells were installed and sampled;
analysis indicates chromium in ground water. Soil and sediment samples were
also collected and analyzed. An Interim Data Summary containing Phase I
results and a Phase II proposal are to be submitted to EPA during the summer
of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CARSON RIVER MERCURY SITE
Lvxay Churchill Counties, Nevada
Conditions at listing (October 1989) ; The Carson River Mercury Site
(CRMS) consists of: (1) sediments in an approximately 50-mile stretch of the
Carson River in Lyon and Churchill Counties, beginning between Carson City and
Dayton, Nevada, and extending downstream through the lahontan Reservoir to
Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge; and (2) tailing piles associated with the
river.
In the late 1800s, ore Ttiitv^ from the Comstock Lode near Virginia City
was transported to any of 75 mills, where it was crushed and mixed with
mercury to amalgamate the gold and silver. The availability of water power
made 12 mills along the Carson River in the Brunswick Canyon area become
dominant.
Mercury-contaminated tailings piles which resulted from the mills have
been found 5 miles up Brunswick Canyon, 3 miles up Six Mile Canyon, and within
the Carson Plain. Areas near the Comstock Lode where extensive mining
occurred, such as in Gold Canyon, may also be major potential sources of
tailings. Rain transports mercury from the tailing piles to the Carson River,...
where the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP) has documented
extensive mercury contamination. An estimated 7,500 tons of mercury were lost
in the milling process during the 30-year peak of the Comstock Lode, of which
only about 0.5% was later recovered. Much of the remaining mercury was
incorporated in the mill tailings.
Elevated levels of mercury attributed to the piles were detected in the
river from above the Dayton area through the lahontan Reservoir to the cutoff
of the Stillwater Slough, as well as in Six Mile Canyon Creek.
Because CRMS extends over such a large area, it potentially affects
several sources of ground water, among them the Dayton Valley Aquifer. Ground
water in the aquifer is as shallow as 10 feet near the river, and soils are
permeable sands and gravel. These conditions facilitate movement of
oorrtaminants into ground water. An estimated 1,400 people obtain drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest within 2,000 feet.
Approximately 1,200 acres of food and forage crops are irrigated by the
Carson River between Dayton and the lahontan Reservoir.
Status fMav 1990) ; In May 1990, EPA investigated the site to determine
if an immediate removal action is warranted. Results are expected shortly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEAIAND RESTORATION, INC.
Lisbon, New York
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The Sealand Restoration, Inc.,
Site occupies approximately 200 acres south of Pray Road in Lisbon, St.
Lawrence County, New York. The surrounding area, consisting largely of
farmland and wetlands, is sparsely populated. In the late 1970s, the company,
also known as Sealand Industrial Services, Inc., disposed of waste oils and
oil spill debris under a permit issued by the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). In addition, wastes were accepted from
numerous industrial plants in central and northern New York State. Wastes
were stored or disposed in three on-site facilities: a drum storage area, a
disposal pit, and a land spreading area. In 1980, NYSDEC ordered the company
to stop waste disposal activities.
In 1980, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDH) found low levels
of cadmium in residential wells near the site. Under a Consent Order
Agreement in 1981, Sealand Restoration agreed to clean up the site; however,
the firm was subsequently cited for noncompliance. The site has been referred
to the State Attorney General. According to NYSDEC, St. Lawrence County
received a $100,000 Local Assistance Grant in 1984 from the New York State
legislature to perform limited cleanup at the site. The county removed 133
drums left on the surface, along with 60 full or partially full buried drums,
42 empty buried drums, and 150 cubic yards of contaminated soil. These wastes
were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Acetone, trichloroethane, toluene, benzene, and trichloroethylene were
present in on-site monitoring wells downgradient of the landfill, according to
tests conducted in 1986-87 by a consultant to NYSDEC. An estimated 1,100
people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site,
one of which is on the site. The on-site well has been taken out of service.
Trichloroethane and tetrachloroethylene were detected in surface water
downhill from the site in tests conducted by the State (1980) and EPA (1985).
A fresh water wetland lies within and adjacent to the site. The area is used
for recreational activities.
NYSDEC has conducted a study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site. The study determined that surface soils in the
land spreading area contain low levels of PCBs and heavy metals, and that
contaminants may have migrated downward in soils beneath where the drums had
been stacked. The shallow aquifer is contaminated downgradient of the
disposal pit. Possible interconnection with a deeper aquifer must be
assessed.
Status (May 1990); In March 1990, NYSDEC excavated approximately 800
tons of contaminated soils and 1,500 drums of wastes and transported the
materials to a hazardous waste disposal facility regulated under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The excavated area remains to be
seeded and graded.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SENECA ARMY DEPOT
Romulus, New York
Conditions at listing (July 1989): The Seneca Army Depot encompasses
more than 10,000 acres in Seneca County, New York. It lies between Cayuga and
Seneca TaV^g in the Finger lakes region and abuts the town of Romulus. The
Army has stored and disposed of military explosives at the facility since its
inception in 1941.
Seneca Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contemn nation from
hazardous materials.
During preliminary investigations, the Army identified a number of
potentially contaminated areas, including an unlined 13-acre landfill in the
west-central portion of the depot, where solid waste and incinerator ash were
disposed of intermittently for 30 years during 1941-79; two incinerator pits
adjacent to the landfill, where refuse was burned at least once a week during
1941-74; a 90-acre open burning/detonation area in the northwest portion of
the depot, where explosives and related wastes have been burned and detonated
during the past 30 years; and the APE-1236 Deactivation Furnace in the east-
central portion of the depot, where small arms are destroyed.
Monitoring wells on the depot downgradient of the old landfill contain
elevated concentrations of trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and trichloroethylene,
according to tests conducted in 1987 by an Army contractor. An estimated
1,350 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
depot.
Status (May 1990); EPA, the State, and the Army are negotiating an
Interagency Agreement under CERCIA Section 120 to cover future activities at
the depot.
The Army plans to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. Field work is scheduled to start in the
fall of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KEILLY TAR & CHEMICAL CORP. (DOVER PIANT)
Dover, Ohio
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. Site
covers 4 acres in Dover, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. The facility/ which
operated during 1932-56, included a coking plant and foundry built on top of
an area that had been filled with slag. The operations involved coal tar,
including creosote wastes, according to information Reilly provided to EPA.
Soil and monitoring wells installed by EPA show high levels of creosote
constituents, including naphthalene, fluoranthene, pyrene, 2-methyl-
naphthalene, and phenanthrene, according to EPA tests conducted in 1985.
The site is located on the sand and gravel deposits of the Tuscarawas
River basin. The aquifer in the deposits is the sole source of drinking water
for about 28,700 people served by the municipal water systems of Dover and New
Philadelphia. An additional 4,000 people obtain drinking water from private
wells within 3 miles of the site.
The site is not completely fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
The property is presently owned by Shenango Foundry and is inactive.
Status (May 1990): The site was fenced in September 1988 under a Consent
Order with EPA.
On May 18, 1990, Reilly Industries, Inc. (the new name of the company as
of January 1, 1989) and EPA signed a Consent Order requiring Reilly Industries
to conduct an emergency response action at the site involving removal of
surficial coal tar materials. Work started May 21, 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
UNION PACIFIC RAHRDAD CO. HE-TREATING PLANT
The Dalles, Oregon
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The Union Pacific Railroad Co. Tie-
Treating Plant covers 83 acres in a ™iv«=ri commercial and residential area just
south of the Columbia River in the City of The Dalles, Wasco County, Oregon.
Union Pacific owned the wood treatment facility from 1926 to late 1987, when
equipment and structures were purchased by Kerr-MoGee Chemical Corp.; however,
Union Pacific retained ownership of the land and responsibility for all pre-
1987 contamination of facility soil and ground water. The plant primarily
treated railroad ties for Union Pacific, but also treated wood for other
commercial users across the United States. From 1959 to November 1987, J. H.
Baxter Co. operated the plant for Union Pacific.
The facility treated wood with ammoniacal copper arsenate, creosote, a
creosote/fuel oil mixture, and pentachlorophenol. Spills of treatment
solutions on-site and waste water ponds no longer in use are thought to be the
main source of contamination of soil and ground water. Improvements in the
waste water treatment system allow the site to operate as a zero discharge
facility.
In 1984, Union Pacific began a comprehensive investigation of soil and
ground water at the site. Creosote components, pentachlorophenol, fuel oil,
ammonia, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and arsenic are the major
contaminants found in soil and ground water at the site. Contamination by
arsenic and VOCs is greatest in the shallow and intermediate aquifers beneath
the site. Organic contaminants, including phenanthrene and naphthalene, have
been detected in the two deep confined aquifers beneath the site. Ground
water is used by over 11,000 people within 3 miles of the site. The Dalles
has increased its monitoring of the municipal supply wells.
In May 1989, Union Pacific signed a Consent Order with the Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and agreed to undertake a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The
RI/FS is scheduled to be completed by mid-1991.
Status (May 1990): DEQ approved Union Pacific's workplan for the RI/FS
in January 1990. The investigation is now underway.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
DUBLIN TCE SITE
Dublin Borough, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The Dublin TCE Site covers
approximately 4.5 acres in Dublin Borough, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
In June 1986, the Bucks County Health Department discovered
trichloroethylene (TCE) in 23 tap water samples. The water supplies of
approximately 170 homes, apartments, and businesses in Dublin have been
impacted.
The highest TCE concentrations (up to 10,000 parts per billion) were
found in a well on property that has been occupied by several industrial
operations over the past 50 years. EPA considers this property, located at
120 Mill Street in Dublin Borough, to be the likely source of the
contaminants. According to EPA's report on its search for parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site, the companies that operated
on-site include Dublin Hosiery Mills, Inc.; Home Window Co. of Pennsylvania,
Inc.; Kbllsman Motor Corp.; and Dudley Sports Division of Athlone Industries,
Inc.
John H. Thompson acquired the property in January 1986 and is using the
main building to restore antique race cars. Laboratory Testing, Inc., has
leased part of the property since May 1986.
The sole source of drinking water in the area is the Brunswick and
Lockatong Formations, which are hydraulically connected, permitting water to
move between them. An estimated 10,100 people obtain drinking water from
public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
On June 29, 1987, Mr. Thompson entered into a Consent Order with EPA
under CERdA Section 106 (a). Under the order, Mr. Thompson is providing water
treatment systems or bottled water to persons with contaminated wells and is
periodically sampling wells in the area. He has also been cooperating with
requests from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER)
to study soil and ground water at the site.
Status (May 1990); In October 1989, the PA DER approved a plan submitted
by Sequa Corp. (which now owns Kbllsman Motor Corp.) to investigate the source
of TCE contamination. PA DER is reviewing results of the investigation.
In January 1990, a fire water tower contaminated with TCE leaked. A
carbon system is being installed to treat the contamination.
In March 1990, PA DER conditionally approved Sequa's plan to pump
contaminated ground water to the surface, treat it to remove the
contamination, and discharge the treated water to the public sewer system.
EPA plans to investigate the possibility that parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the site will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
OHIO RIVER PARK
Neville Island, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing f October 1989): The 61-acre Ohio River Park Site
is on the western end of Neville Island in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It
is almost completely surrounded by the Ohio River. The site was owned by
Pittsburgh Coke & Iron Co. [later named Pittsburgh Coke & Chemical Co. (PC&C) ]
from the 1920s until 1970, when the property was transferred to a wholly owned
subsidiary, Neville land Co. In 1976, the property was donated to the county.
According to EPA, from the 1930s until the mid-1950s, the site served as a
landfill for municipal wastes from Neville Township. From 1952 until 1965,
trenches were dug on-site to dispose PC&C's wastes such as coking sludges
(which often contain benzene and toluene), cement production wastes, and
pesticides. Other industrial wastes such as plant demolition materials and
slag were also disposed on-site.
In 1978, Allegheny County began developing the site as a park but stopped
construction after industrial waste was found. In 1979, an Allegheny County
consultant reported that on-site ground water and soil contained contaminants
such as benzene, toluene, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,6-
trichlorophenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol. The consultant concluded that a
public health threat existed at the site. " The land was then returned to
Neville Land Co.
Routine monitoring by the county's consultant consistently detects
benzene and toluene in ground water.
Neville Land hired a consultant to further evaluate the site. The work
has included installation of 27 multilevel wells, extensive sampling,
excavation of test pits, analysis of aerial photographs, and toxicological and
hydrogeological evaluations. Limited remedial actions were taken, including
the removal of a container of almost pure 2,4-D and the surrounding soil,
stabilization of a section of shoreline where sulfur-containing waste was
exposed, installation of a fence, and posting of warning signs.
An estimated 40,000 people obtain drinking water from public and private
wells within 3 miles of the site. Seven municipal wells are 600 to 1,200 feet
from the site.
An outfall from a storm sewer system which drains a small portion of the
northeastern quadrant of the site is contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenol,
2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-T, according to tests Allegheny
County's consultant conducted in 1979 and 1981. This outfall discharges to
the Ohio River. Sewickley Water Works draws water from the river 1.7 miles
downstream from the contaminated outfall. The intake provides drinking water
to an estimated 8,000 people.
Status (May 1990); EPA plans to investigate the possibility that Neville
Land Co. will conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine
the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PAOLO: PAIL YARD
Paoli, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (January 1987); The Paoli Rail Yard covers about
30 acres in Paoli, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The yard consists of an
electric train repair facility owned by Amtrak and operated by the
Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). Routine
maintenance and repair of railroad cars involve PCB-oontaining electrical
equipment. The yard is surrounded on three sides by residential comraunities
and on the fourth by commercial facilities. Until February 1986, people used
the yard as a shortcut to the station and commercial properties.
In the late 1970s, both EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources (PA DER) inspected the Paoli Rail Yard. This
inspection, coupled with subsequent State investigations, led PA DER to issue
an order in 1979 requiring Amtrak, SEPTA, and Conrail to determine the extent
of contamination and correct any problem areas. The companies took actions
primarily involving collection of samples, some cleanup, and further study.
In November 1985, analyses of samples taken in July 1984 by a consultant
to the companies were provided to EPA. They indicated a severe PCB problem,
with soil contamination as high as 3 percent and to depths of up to 3 feet.
In December 1985, a team consisting of staff from EPA, the U.S. Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the State Health Department
made a preliminary assessment to verify the existing sample results and
identify areas of most concern.
On February 25, 1986, EPA filed a complaint under the Toxic Substances
Control Act, CERCIA, and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The
complaint sought an order requiring the three companies to limit access to the
yard, control migration of PCBs, conduct sampling and analysis, and take
measures to clean up the yard and protect worker safety. A security fence was
installed as a preliminary measure.
In June 1986, a second agreement was reached requiring the companies to
develop a plan to control erosion, sedimentation, and contaminated ground
water. In the fall of 1986, EPA used $600,000 in CERCIA emergency funds to
remove contaminated soil in nearby areas and control erosion on the yard.
Status (July 1988): Under a May 1987 agreement with EPA, the three
companies are conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to
determine the extent of contamination. Under a separate agreement, SEPTA has
taken measures to protect workers in the repair shop at a cost of $2 million.
In October 1987, the three companies agreed to conduct extensive soil sampling
in the surrounding neighborhoods, and in January 1988, EPA's emergency program
began additional measures to stabilize the yard and nearby Central Avenue.
After this site was proposed in January 1987, additional technical
information became available. Hence, EPA is reproposing the site.
Status (Mav 1990); The three companies have completed most of the field
work for the RI. RI sampling was extended to investigate oil contamination of
ground water discovered in 1989. The RI report is expected shortly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SAIfORD QUARRY
Salford Township, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (January 1987); The Salford Quarry covers
approximately 3 acres on Quarry Road in lower Salford Township, Montgomery
County, Pennsylvania. The site was quarried for stone/aggregate for an
unknown period prior to 1963. In 1963, American Clean Tile Co., which is
owned by National Gypsum Co., purchased the abandoned quarry, and until 1980
used the site for disposal of its wastes. Included were waste tiles, unfused
tile slurry, and other production wastes. In 1980, the State received
complaints that tanks were buried on the site. In 1981, American Clean
discovered two 10,000-gallon tanks. According to tests conducted by the
company and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER),
the tanks hold tile slurry containing boron and fuel oil. After the company
pumped out the oil, the site was officially closed in May 1982 in accordance
with a plan approved by PA DER. Closure involved capping with soil, grading,
and revegetating.
The downgradient monitoring well on-site is contaminated with boron,
according to EPA analyses. An estimated 54,000 people draw drinking water
from public (North Perm Water Authority) and private wells within 3 miles of
the site. A private well 650 feet from the site is contaminated with boron,
according to EPA analyses.
Status (May 1990): Wider a Consent Agreement signed with EPA in 1988,
National Gypsum Co. has prepared final workplans for a remedial investigation
site operation plan and for a remedial investigation/ feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action. EPA is reviewing the workplans.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TOBYHANNA ARMY DEPOT
Tobyhanna, Pennsylvania
Condition at listing (July 1989): Tobyhanna Army Depot covers 1,293
acres in Tobyhanna, Monroe County, in the Pocono Mountains of northeastern
Pennsylvania. Military operations started on the site in 1913. The facility
assumed its present name in August 1962. The depot's primary mission is to
provide maintenance and supply support to the Army. The depot includes 131
buildings. Metal refinishing, electronic fabrication, electroplating, and
degreasing operations are conducted on-site. All types of depot wastes,
including plating wastes, paints, solvents, sewage treatment sludge, and solid
wastes, were disposed of on-site prior to 1975.
Tobyhanna Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP investigations have focused on two areas in the
southeastern section of the depot: Area B, which consists primarily of a
swale/trench containing rusted drum fragments, and Area A, in which pits
contain volatile organic compounds and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
IRP investigations conducted in the southeastern section in 1981 and 1986
found trichloroethylene (TCE) in on-site monitoring wells, and 1,2-
dichloroethylene, TCE, and tetrachloroethylene in on-site and off-site water
supply wells. An estimated 4,300 people obtain drinking water from depot and
private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the depot.
The Army is conducting a remedial investigation and an endangerment
assessment for the portion of the site contaminating the Village of
Tobyhanna's water supply. Future studies are planned for the remainder of the
site.
Status (May 1990); The Army is preparing to fill in data gaps in the
investigations of Areas A and B. A treatability study is underway to
determine how to clean up soil contamination. Also, the Army is providing
bottled water to people whose wells were contaminated and will soon extend the
depot's water line to provide a permanent water supply.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP. (SHARON PIANT)
Sharon, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Westinghouse Electric Corp. produced
and repaired transformers during 1922-84 on a 50-acre site at 409 Sharpsville
Avenue in a heavily industrialized area of Sharon, Mercer County,
Pennsylvania. During 1936-76, Westinghouse used PCBs as a conducting fluid in
some of the transformers. In 1976, 48,000 gallons of PCBs and 15,000 gallons
of organic solvents were removed from the site and incinerated. PCBs were
spilled in certain areas during routine operations. In 1984, at least 6,000
gallons of solvents and oil leaked from an underground tank and became
contaminated with PCBs in the soil.
In November 1985, EPA detected PCB 1260 at two of the four points where
the plant discharges waste water to the Shenango River, which is 0.5 mile to
the east. The company had a permit for the discharges under the National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Shenango Valley Water Co.
provides drinking water to an estimated 75,000 people from an intake
approximately 1,600 feet downstream of the plant's discharge points. The
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER) detected PCBs in
river sediments between the site and the intake.
Tests conducted in 1986 by a Westinghouse consultant detected PCBs,
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, and methyl ethyl ketone in on-site ground water.
In April 1985, PA DER issued Westinghouse an Administrative Order under
the State's Clean Streams Law and Solid Waste Management Act. Under the
order, Westinghouse has conducted a limited study of subsurface conditions and
submitted a cleanup plan to PA DER.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste. later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-
only status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of
EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status May 1990: On September 21, 1988, Westinghouse and PA DER signed a
Consent Order and Agreement under which Westinghouse is conducting a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Field work started in March 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PARA-CHEM SOUTHERN, INC.
Simpsonville, South Carolina
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Para-Chem Southern, Inc., has
manufactured organic solvents and adhesives on a 100-acre site near
Simpsonville, Greenville County, South Carolina, since 1965. The area is
rural and sparsely populated.
During 1975-1979, 800 to 1,600 drums of organic and inorganic wastes were
buried in unlined trenches in three parts of the site, according to
information the company provided to EPA as required by CERCLA Section 103 (c).
Waste water from the plant was disposed of in two unlined lagoons until
November 1984, when the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control (SCDHEC) issued Para-Chem a permit under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).
In October 1985, SCDHEC found manganese and several organic chemicals,
including chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, in on-
site ground water; carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,2-trichloroethane in off-site
ground water and surface water; and arsenic, barium, manganese, nickel, and
zinc in sediments in on-site surface water. 1,1-Dichloroethylene, 1,1-
dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-butanone, and tetrahydrofuran were
found in on-site monitoring wells in tests conducted in July 1987 by a Para-
Chem consultant. An estimated 1,500 people obtain drinking water from private
wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest within 1 mile.
SCDHEC placed the company under a joint waste water/hazardous waste
Consent Order in February 1985, and in January 1986 fined the company for
violating its NPDES permit. The order also addressed the buried drums and a
spill of 3,500 gallons of ethylacrylate in January 1985. Since 1986, the
company has been fined twice for failure to meet its NPDES permit.
Under the Consent Order, Para-Chem excavated soil from the drum burial
areas and filled in the two lagoons. The soil was moved to a hazardous waste
facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act. The action was completed in 1987. During the action, ground water
contamination consistent with earlier analyses was detected.
Status (May 1990); EPA is considering various alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ELLSWORIH AIR FORCE BASE
Rapid City, South Dakota
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Ellsworth Air Force Base covers
4,858 acres in Meade and Pennington Counties, South Dakota, approximately
6 miles northeast of Rapid City and 1.4 miles north of Box Elder. The base is
bordered by open land on three sides, and residential/commercial areas on the
fourth.
Established in 1942, Ellsworth is now the base for the 44th Strategic
Missile Wing of the Strategic Air Command (SAC). Base operations generally
support the SAC mission and include runways, airfield operations, fire
protection training, industrial and maintenance shops, a base hospital,
grounds maintenance, a photo lab, and housing facilities. These operations
generate a variety of chlorinated solvents, solvent-contaminated waste oils,
pesticides, and other hazardous wastes that were deposited at various
locations on the base.
Ellsworth Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Wider this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP has identified 17 potentially contaminated areas—
13 on-base, 4 off-base. EPA evaluated four of these areas—three unlined
landfills and the Fire Protection Training Area burn pit.
Qn-site shallow monitoring wells downgradient from the landfills and burn
pit are contaminated with 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, arsenic, and chromium, according to tests conducted in
1987-88 by the Army Corps of Engineers. An estimated 1,600 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the base, the nearest less than
1 mile downgradient of the burn pit and two of the landfills.
Status (May 1990); Ellsworth has completed portions of a remedial
investigation (RI) to determine the type and extent of contamination and is
now working on a feasibility study (FS) to identify alternatives for remedial
action. The FS focuses on 4 of the 17 areas originally identified. EPA is
reviewing various documents from both the RI and FS.
EPA will shortly begin negotiations with Ellsworth for an Interagency
Agreement under CERdA Section 120 covering future activities at the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WILLIAMS PIPE LINE OO. DISPOSAL PIT
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The Williams Pipe Line Go.
Disposal Pit is in the northeast corner of the company's 12th Street terminal
in Sioux Falls, Minnehaha County, South Dakota. The terminal is bordered on
the south by 12th Street (State Highway 42), on the west by Valley View Road
and a residential development, on the north by the Chicago & Northwestern
Railroad tracks, and on the east by Marion Road. The site is 2 miles west of
the Big Sioux River and Skunk River.
The unlined pit measures 9 feet by 9 feet and is about 7 feet deep. For
a number of years prior to 1986, a variety of wastes generated by the terminal
were dumped into the pit. Until the 1970s, wastes were burned periodically.
The pit is now dry and covered with a plastic sheet.
Tests conducted in 1986-87 by EPA show that sediment in the pit contains
barium, beryllium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, zinc, benzene, toluene,
xylene, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides.
Ground water near the pit is contaminated with 4,4'-ODD, 4,4'-DDT, gamma-
chlordane, beta-BHC, and lead, according to EPA tests conducted in 1989. An
estimated 100,000 people in the Sioux Falls area obtain drinking water from
two sets of public wells within 3 miles of the site. One well is about 1.25
miles to the southeast.
Status (May 1990): EPA emergency staff has determined that a removal
action is not warranted at this time.
EPA is conducting a search to identify parties potentially responsible
for wastes associated with the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MURRAY-OHIO MANUFACTURING CO. (HORSESHOE BEND DUMP)
Lawrenceburg, Tennessee
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Murray-Ohio Manufacturing Co.
(Horseshoe Bend Dump) Site covers 12 acres on Horseshoe Bend, a sharp, narrow
bend of Shoal Creek in Lawrence County, Tennessee, approximately 1.5 miles
southwest of Lawrenceburg. The site is in the extreme northern tip of the
bend on low-lying terrain immediately adjacent to Shoal Creek. Prior to about
1956, a hydroelectric plant owned by the City of Lawrenceburg operated on the
site. During 1956-63, the city owned and operated the site as a municipal
landfill.
The primary source of hazardous waste at the site is Murray-Ohio
Manufacturing Co.. Company records indicate that, beginning about 1956, paint
sludge and other wastes were poured into shallow pits at the dump. The pits
were partially filled after the liquid portion of the waste had soaked into
the ground. Drummed waste was also placed in pits. In the spring of 1963, a
large fire at the site reportedly produced toxic smoke and fumes, which caused
eye and respiratory irritation. Also, fish were killed in Shoal Creek during
or shortly after the fire. The site was apparently abandoned after the fire
and has since been used only for occasional dumping of household trash. In
recent years, access to the area has been restricted by a landowner across
whose property the road to the site passes.
In an inspection in 1983, the Tennessee Division of Solid Waste
Management found partially buried leaking drums at the site.
Soils on the site contain elevated levels of chromium, lead, and zinc,
according to tests conducted by Murray-Ohio Manufacturing in 1984. Soils are
highly permeable; springs, caves, and sinkholes are plentiful in this area;
and ground water is shallow (4 feet). These conditions facilitate movement of
contaminants into ground water. The City of lŁiwrenceburg obtains part of its
water supply from a large spring about 0.9 mile northeast of the site. This
water is also supplied to the Fall River Utility District. An estimated
19,000 people obtain drinking water from wells and springs within 3 miles of
the site.
Within 3 miles downstream of the dump, Shoal Creek is used for fishing,
water-contact recreation, and industrial process cooling water.
The site is 2 miles from the "Murray-Ohio Dump," which was placed on the
NPL in September 1983.
Status (Mav 1990); Under a Consent Agreement entered into in March 1990
with EPA, Murray-Ohio and the City of Lawrenceburg will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
AIR FORCE PLANT #4/GENERAL DYNAMICS
Fort Worth, Texas
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Air Force Plant #4 occupies
approximately 650 acres in Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas. General
Dynamics operates the plant, which manufactures aircraft for the Air Force.
In November 1982, the Air Force and General Dynamics notified EPA that
hazardous substances were found in a storm water outfall that drains into a
creek on the west side of the plant. Under Air Force supervision, General
Dynamics constructed a french drain and a collection basin at the outfall.
Since that time, leachate from the drain and outfall has been collected,
stored, and disposed of in an EPA-regulated disposal facility- In 1983, the
Air Force removed 21,300 cubic yards of contaminated soil from closed waste
pits and disposed of the soil at a regulated disposal facility.
The Air Force has drilled numerous test holes and 97 monitoring wells in
and around 20 areas, which cover a total of about 8 acres. Many of the areas
have contained hazardous substances. Analyses of the wells indicate that
ground water in the upper zone under the site is contaminated with organic
chemicals and heavy metals. Several deeper wells were drilled at the site
into the Paluxy aquifer, the source of drinking water for nearby residents,
including White Settlement (population 13,420). Two wells have been found to
be contaminated by trans-l,2-dichloroethylene and trichloroethylene.
The plant is participating in the Installation Restoration Program,
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
At the request of the Air Force, EPA has further investigated off-site
areas, including several White Settlement wells, sediment in the creek and
Lake Worth, and selected residential wells near the site. EPA drilled four
monitoring wells near the plant area. The White Settlement municipal wells
and the four EPA wells are monitored on a quarterly basis by EPA.
In November 1980, the facility received Interim Status under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when General Dynamics and the Air Force
filed Part A of a permit application to treat and dispose of hazardous wastes.
Status (July 1987); This site is being reproposed to be consistent with
EPA's recently proposed policy for placing on the NPL sites located on
Federally-owned facilities that are subject to the corrective action
authorities of Subtitle C of PCRA. EPA is soliciting comments on the Hazard
Ranking System score for the sites, which includes areas subject to RCRA
Subtitle C corrective action authorities.
Status (July 1990); EPA is placing this site on the NPL.
The Air- Force is conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of oontainination at the entire base and identify
.alternatives for remedial action. EPA, the Texas Water Commission, and the
Air Force are negotiating an Interagency Agreement under CERCLA Section 120 to
cover activities at approximately 21 areas on the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LCNGHOKN ARM* AMMUNITION PLANT
Karnack, Texas
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant (IAAP)
covers 8,490 acres between State Highway 43 and Caddo Lake in Karnack,
Harrison County, Texas. The area is primarily rural. Established in 1941,
IAAP has been operated since 1956 by Thiokol Corp. Its primary mission is to
load, assemble, and pack solid propellant rocket motors and pyrotechnic and
illuminating ammunition. Until about 1984, production wastes were washed into
ponds or burned in landfills. At present, explosive residues, waste water
treatment sludge from explosives, and brine sludge are burned in an
incineration area. Liquid and solid wastes are new placed in drums and stored
in separate areas until disposal is arranged.
IAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
Under IRP, the Army has identified 11 contaminated or potentially contaminated
areas. Among them are the Active Burning Grounds, where flammable wastes have
been burned since the early 1950s; the Unlined Evaporation Pond (in the Active
Burning Grounds), into which an estimated 16,000 gallons per day of waste
containing arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc, and organic nitrogen
compounds were discharged during 1972-84; the Old Landfill, where
trinitrotoluene (TNT) wastes were disposed of during 1942-44; the Former TNT
Production Area; and the Ground Signal Test Area and South Test Area, where
various rocket motors and ammunition are tested.
A 1984 IRP study reports barium, chromium, and lead in sediments from the
Unlined Evaporation Pond, and barium in soil from the Old landfill. The study
also found that arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, and
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene are present in on-site monitoring wells near the Active
Burning Grounds. An estimated 1,900 people obtain drinking water from wells
within 3 miles of hazardous substances on IAAP. The nearest well is 500 feet
form IAAP1 s northern boundary.
Dinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrobenzene,
and 2,6-dinitrotoluene are present in surface waters, according to the 1984
IRP study. The contaminants originate from at least two areas in IAAP: the
Old Landfill and the Former TNT Production Area. Harrison Bayou flows east of
the Old landfill; the Production Area is drained by Goose Prairie Creek and
Central Creek. Goose Prairie Creek, Central Creek, and Harrison Bayou drain
into Caddo Lake. Caddo Lake, a part of the Big Cypress Bayou, which flows
into the Red River, is used for recreational activities.
Status (May 1990); IRP activities continue.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act 1CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TEX-TIN CORP.
Texas City, Texas
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Tex-Tin Corp. Site covers
approximately 150 acres in an industrial area at the intersection of Highway
146 and FM 519 in Texas City, Galveston County, Texas. During World War II,
the Federal Government constructed a tin smelter on the site. Wah Chang Corp.
bought the site after the war and sold it in 1970 to Gulf Chemical and
Metallurgical Co., which changed the name to Tex-Tin Corp. in 1985.
EPA and the Texas Water Commission have been investigating the site since
it was identified in a 1978 survey of waste disposal sites by the U.S.
Congress (the "Ekhardt Report").
Hazardous waste units at the site include: five waste water treatment
ponds, gypsum slurry ponds, a pond containing about 19 million gallons of
highly acidic ferric chloride waste, an area of iron sludge contaminated with
amiben (a pesticide), tin slag piles, about 20,000 drums of spent catalyst,
and a landfill containing radioactive waste.
Monitoring wells near the acidic ferric chloride pond are contaminated
with copper and tin, according to tests conducted by Gulf Chemical and
Metallurgical in 1980.
In October 1986, the Texas Air Control Board detected tin in the air
downwind of the smelter at the property boundary. An estimated 21,700 people
live within 4 miles of the site.
Surface water within 3 miles downstream of the site is an important
source of shellfish and is used for recreational activities. A coastal
wetland is within 2 miles of the site.
In 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order under the Clean Water Act
charging Tex-Tin with violating its permit issued under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System. Tex-Tin has undertaken some interim measures to
come into compliance with the order.
Status (May 1990); In September 1989, EPA detected copper in the air
downwind of the smelter.
In December 1989, EPA issued a unilateral order requiring Tex-Tin to
repair and add to the perimeter fence and post warning signs. On March 30,
1990, EPA, Tex-Tin, and Amoco Chemical Co. (part owner of the old Tex-Tin
property) entered into an Administrative Order on Consent under which the two
companies will, with EPA oversight, conduct a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the
site and identify alternatives for remedial action. Field work is expected to
begin in the fall of 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SHARON STEEL CORP. (MIDVA1E TATT.TNGS)
Midvale, Utah
Conditions at listing (October 1984); Sharon Steel Corp. owns a mill
tailings site in Midvale, Salt lake County, Utah. Midvale (population 10,000)
is a part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area (population 936,000).
Metals were milled on the 260-acre site from about 1910 to 1971.
Approximately 10 million tons of mill tailings containing high concentrations
of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, and zinc remain on the site.
Sharon Steel purchased the site in 1979.
This site was first proposed as "Sharon Steel Corp. (Midvale Smelter)."
Issues of concern at the site include air contamination from wind-blown
tailings, tailings washing into the Jordan River, and impacts on ground water.
Ground water samples have shown contamination with arsenic and lead, according
to analyses conducted by the State and Sharon Steel. About 500,000 people
depend on wells within 3 miles of the site as a source of drinking water.
Status (January 1986); This site is included in a multisite cooperative
agreement between EPA and the State of Utah. The State has a contractor to
perform a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action.
Status (May 1990): EPA has assumed the lead for this site, with the
State in an oversight role.
In response to public comments on an August 1989 proposed plan, EPA has
divided the site into two Operable Units (CUs). OU#1 is concerned with the
tailings and ground water contamination. The ground water study for this OU
is to be completed by September 1990 and a new proposed plan is to be
published by October 1990.
QU#2 involves nearby contaminated residential soils. EPA has completed
the RI/FS for this OU and expects to publish a proposed remedy shortly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TOOEIE AFMĄ DEPOT (NORTH AREA)
Tooele, Utah
Conditions at listing (October 1984); The Tooele Army Depot (TEAD) is in
Tooele, Tooele County, Utah, 35 miles southwest of Salt lake City. It
consists of two separate areas, the North Area and the South Area. The North
Area covers about 25,000 acres in Tooele Valley south and west of Tooele.
Since 1943, TEAD has had a fourfold mission: store ammunition,
demilitarize ammunition, rebuild military equipment, and store military
equipment. In fulfilling its mission, TEAD decommissions munitions by cutting
the casings and removing and recycling the explosive material. The casings
are then rinsed with water to remove residual explosives. Between 1948 and
1965, rinse waters were discharged into the "TNT Washout Area," which covers
less than 1 acre in the North Area. The Army has detected trinitrolotuene
(TNT) and cyclomethylenetriamine (RDX), an experimental explosive, in soil
near the TNT Washout Area, threatening ground water. About 2,500 people
depend on wells within 3 miles of the site as a source of drinking water.
TEAD is participating in the Installation Restoration Program,
established in 1975. Under this program, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contaminations from hazardous materials.
The Army has completed Phase I (records search).
Status (May 1990); Activities at Tooele are divided into two operable
units (CUs). OU#1 involves ground water contaminated with organic solvents
and metals resulting from an unlined industrial waste lagoon. The Army has
closed the lagoon; the Utah Department of Health approved the closure on
November 1, 1989, the deadline set in a Consent Decree entered into earlier by
the Army, Utah, and the U.S. Department of Justice. A ground water assessment
required by the decree shows that a plume of ground water contaminated with
trichloroethylene (TCE) and trichloroethane (TCA) has migrated downgradient
approximately 2 miles. The leading edge of the plume lies several hundred
yards beyond the TEAD boundary and may be migrating several hundred feet per
year. TCE concentrations vary from approximately 250 parts per billion (ppb)
beneath the lagoon ditches to 8 ppb at the TEAD boundary. Of approximately 37
billion gallons of contaminated ground water, approximately 16 billion gallons
will require cleanup. The proposed cleanup calls for installing an extraction
wellfield near the northern boundary of TEAD to intercept the leading edge of
the contaminant plume. Ground water pumped from the wellfield will be piped
to a water treatment plant where the contaminants will be removed by air
stripping techniques. Treated effluent will be piped to an injection
wellfield upgradient of the contaminant plume.
OU#2 involves a landfill and facilities for ordnance demilitarization
that released TCE and TNT-related contaminants. The Army is attempting to
define the extent of contamination in OU#2.
EPA, the State, and the Army plan to negotiate an Interagency Agreement
under CERCXA Section 120 covering future activities at TEAD.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ABEX CORP.
Portsmouth, Virginia
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Abex Corp. formerly operated a brass
and bronze foundry on a 2-acre site in a residential area of Portsmouth,
Virginia. During 1928-78, Abex produced parts such as brake shoes and ball
bearings for railroad cars. EPA estimates that lead was released to the air
at the rate of 10 pounds per day from a 1-acre process area and that 3,500
cubic yards of lead-laden furnace sands were dumped into an adjoining 1-acre
area. The present. owner of the former process area is Holland Investment &
Manufacturing Co. of Portsmouth; Abex still owns most of the landfill area.
In 1984, EPA identified elevated lead levels in soil in the fill area.
EPA sampling on April 2, 1986 revealed high levels, up to 13,000 parts per
million (ppm), of lead in residential lots next to the fill area. Abex has
found significant soil contamination around both the landfill and old process
areas.
EPA collected wipe samples on home surfaces around the site on July 1-2,
1986. The results indicated that breathing-zone air contained lead, copper,
and tin. Over 10,000 people live and work within 1 mile of the site. A
number of residents live either on or immediately adjacent to the lead-
contaminated soils.
EPA and Abex signed a CERCLA Emergency Consent Order on August 11, 1986.
Abex was required to reduce human exposure to lead to levels that do not
constitute an imminent threat to health. Abex graded the site; surrounded it
with cyclone fencing topped with barbed wire; covered much of the old landfill
area with asphalt; and excavated some areas adjacent to the landfill, filled
them in, and revegetated to prevent exposure of residents to lead-
contaminated soil.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control have determined that frequent
contact with 500-1,000 ppm of lead in soil and dust appears to be associated
with elevated blood lead levels in children.
Status (May 1990); On October 10, 1989, EPA and Abex signed a Consent
Order under which Abex will conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA is reviewing Abex's final
RI/FS workplan.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BANGOR NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE
Silverdale, Washington
Conditions at listing (July 1989); The Bangor Naval Submarine Base
covers 7,000 acres on Wood. Canal near Silverdale, Kitsap County, Washington.
The area around the base is primarily residential. Established in 1946, it
now has the primary mission of basing Trident submarines.
In July 1987, a 6-acre hazardous waste site on the base known as Site A
was placed on the NPL under the name "Bangor Ordnance Disposal."
The Bangor Naval Submarine Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous materials. As part of IRP, the Navy has
identified 19 additional waste areas within 1.5 miles of each other where
industrial wastes and waste water containing explosives were mishandled. The
areas include ordnance burn and disposal pits, pesticide storage and disposal
areas, a PCB spill area, a portion of Hood Canal with contaminated sediments,
and Clear Creek.
Cyclonite (RDX), trimtrotoluene (TNT), ammonium picrate, ammonium
picramate, and propylene glycol dinitrate are present in numerous wells on the
base, according to IRP tests conducted in 1983. An estimated 18,000 people,
including base employees and local residents, obtain drinking water from
public and private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.
Ground water is also used for irrigation.
The 1983 tests identified most of the same explosives, as well as copper
and lead, in surface waters and shellfish in three locations on the base. The
waters drain into Hood Canal and Clear Creek. Waste waters containing
explosives were routinely discharged to surface waters, and ships in Hood
rsmai were painted with paints containing heavy metals. The Navy also has
found these contaminants in shellfish in Hood Canal, which is used for
recreational activities and contains commercially valuable fish and shellfish.
Status (Mav 1990V; On January 29, 1990, EPA, the Washington Department
of Ecology, and the Navy signed an Interagency Agreement under CERdA Section
120 covering remedial activities at the 20 identified hazardous waste areas at
the base, including Site A. Combining similar hazardous waste areas has
resulted in 10 operable units at the base. Remedial investigations and
feasibility studies are scheduled to start in 1990 and 1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CENIRALIA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Gentralia, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Centralia Municipal landfill is in
the southern section of Centralia, Lewis County, Washington. It is bordered
on the east by railroad rights-of-way; on the south by Salzer Creek, which
empties into the Chehalis River; and on the north by a residential area. The
site encompasses 80 acres, of which approximately 50 acres have been used as a
landfill since the site opened in 1958. The city received a permit from Lewis
County in 1974 to accept municipal waste.
An unknown quantity of hazardous waste containing PCBs and dioxin, as
well as other liquid industrial wastes, has been deposited in the landfill,
according to the Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE). In 1986, EPA
observed leachate from the landfill entering floodwaters of Salzer Creek. The
leachate contained cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese, and zinc at levels
exceeding Federal primary and secondary drinking water standards, according to
EPA tests.
Ground water at the site reaches the surface during the rainy season. The
upper and lower aquifers are hydraulically connected so that water can move
between them. Over 12,000 Centralia residents obtain drinking water from a
blended system that draws primarily from surface water but also uses the lower
aquifer within 3 miles of the site on a stand-by basis. Surface water is used
for irrigation.
WDOE is working with the city to bring the landfill up to State and
Federal standards.
Status (May 1990); Ihe landfill is estimated to reach capacity in mid-
1991, when it is scheduled to be closed. Ihe city has prepared a closure plan
for the landfill, which includes a surface water drainage control system,
landfill gas control system, leachate collection system, and a cap.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
North Market Street
Spokane, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The North Market Street Site is in an
industrial area 1.5 miles north of Spokane, Spokane County, Washington. The
site was originally proposed as "Tosco Corp. (Spokane Terminal)."
Investigations subsequent to proposal indicate that Tosoo nay not be the
primary source of problems at the site.
In 1976, Tosco purchased a 50-acre portion of the site, which it now uses
as a bulk storage tank farm for petroleum products. An oil refinery had
previously been on the property.
According to information Tosco provided to EPA, as required by CERCLA
Section 103 (c), lead-containing wastes listed as hazardous under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act were disposed of on the ground and
in holes, probably before 1970. The site overlies the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum
Prairie Aquifer, which EPA has designated as a sole source of drinking water
under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Soil in an old waste oil lagoon in the northwest corner of the site
contains high levels of lead, according to Washington Department of Ecology
(WDOE) tests conducted in 1986. (A small part of the lagoon is on Tosco
property.) The soil overlying the aquifer is highly permeable, which
facilitates movement of contaminants into ground water. Wells within 3 miles
of the site provide drinking water to over 200,000 people and are also used
for irrigating croplands.
Status (May 1990); WDOE has detected organic chemicals in ground water
at the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEATTLE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL (KENT HIGHLANDS)
Kent, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Seattle Municipal Landfill (Rent
Highlands) is in Kent, King County, Washington, approximately 14 miles south
of Seattle. From June 1968 to December 1986, Seattle filled about 60 acres of
a 90-acre ravine on a hillside above the Green River. Seattle leased the site
from Kentview Properties, Inc., and operated it under a "Nonconforming Permit"
from the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health.
In addition to municipal wastes from Kent and Seattle, the landfill
accepted sand-blasting grit, some industrial sludges, and other industrial
wastes, according to Health Department records.
In 1984, a consultant to the county detected zinc, copper, barium, and
manganese in on-site monitoring wells. Over 18,000 people obtain drinking
water from public wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest within 1 mile.
Leachate seeps on the east side of the landfill mix with run-off from the
landfill, which is routed through drainage lines to settling ponds that
eventually discharge to the Green River. The river is used for spawning and
rearing salmon.
In 1985, a consultant to Seattle detected 1,2-dichloroethane and
tetrachloroethylene in the air at the edge of the site. An estimated 12,700
people live within 1 mile of the site.
Seattle is currently closing the landfill and developing plans to meet
all local, State, and Federal requirements. Under a Consent Agreement signed
with the State in May 1987, Seattle is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The work is scheduled
to be completed in April 1989.
Status (May 1990): The original RI has been completed. Additional data
needs resulted in a Phase II RI, which is scheduled to be completed in June
1991. The FS is scheduled to be completed in December 1991. An interim
system has been installed in an effort to prevent landfill gas from
concentrating on-site or migrating off-site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BLTl'KR BKTTE PLATING 00. CHRCME AND ZINC SHOPS
DePere, Wisconsin
Conditions at listing fOctober 19891; The Better Brite Plating Co.
Chrome and Zinc Shops occupy 2 acres and are approximately 2,000 feet from
each other in a primarily residential area of DePere, Brown County, Wisconsin.
Metal plating operations conducted at the shops since the early 1960s have
contaminated soil and ground water as a result of spills and leaking storage
facilities. After the company filed for bankruptcy in October 1985,
operations ceased at the chrome shop.
In April 1986, EPA used CERCLA emergency funds to remove contaminated
soil, chromic acid, cyanide sludge, and flammable liquids from the chrome
shop. All materials were transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. In May-June
1987, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) used the Wisconsin
Environmental Repair Fund to install seven monitoring wells, three of them
extending 20 feet into bedrock. Soil and ground water were analyzed. The
results indicated chromium contamination into both the shallow aquifer and the
upper bedrock aquifer. An estimated 46,000 people obtain drinking water from
municipal wells within 3 miles of the site. DePere municipal well #2 is about
500 feet downgradient of the zinc shop.
During 1986-88, the State issued orders to stop operations at the zinc
shop. Ihe site was abandoned in July 1989.
In March 1988, WDNR received a complaint that yellow water was running
from the chrome shop into the city storm sewer. WDNR found chromium in the
run-off and in soil at a neighboring residence. The City of DePere is
periodically pumping a trench on the chrome shop property and discharging the
waters to the DePere Wastewater Treatment Plant. In October 1988, WDNR was
notified that the plating building at the shop had been sold and was to be
removed. To prevent exposure of grossly contaminated soil under the building,
WDNR razed the building, partially fenced the site, installed a clay cap,
covered it with top soil, and seeded the cover.
In June 1988, EPA emergency funds were used to design a pretreatment
system for water being discharged from the site to the DePere Wastewater
Treatment Plant.
Status (May 1990): EPA's pretreatment system for water being discharged
from the site to the DePere Wastewater Treatment Plant is scheduled to start
operating in June 1990. A proposed operation and maintenance agreement
between WDNR and the City of DePere is being presented to the City Council for
approval.
A State court judge has ordered the Bankruptcy Trustee and the operator
to remove waste material from the-site,, as, per, NR 181-Wisconsin Administrative
Code. The removal has not yet occurred. Negotiations with the Bankruptcy
Trustee for obtaining removal are continuing.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WASTE MANAGEMENT OF WISCONSIN, INC. (HRCOKFIELD SANITARY LANDFILL)
Brookfield, Wisconsin
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Waste Management of Wisconsin, Inc.,
operated a 20-acre sanitary landfill in Brookfield, Waukesha County,
Wisconsin, during 1969-81. The company leased the site before purchasing it
in 1982. Previously it had been a sand and gravel pit. In 1976, Waste
Management received a permit from the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources to accept municipal waste.
Ground water on and off the site is contaminated with cyanide, according
to EPA tests conducted in 1985. An estimated 11,000 people obtain drinking
water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest
within 1,000 feet.
Poplar Creek, 3,600 feet southwest of the site, is used for recreational
activities. A wetland is 1,800 to the southeast.
In 1985, Waste Management upgraded the landfill's system for extracting
and burning soil gas, and in 1986 installed a clay cap.
The site is not completely fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (May 1990); Waste Management is again upgrading the soil gas
extraction and combustion system. As part of the work, the clay cover is
being repaired where needed.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MYSTERY BRIDGE RQAD/U.S. HIGHWAY 20
Evansville, Wyoming
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Brookhurst residential
subdivision and an industrial area border on Mystery Bridge Road and U.S.
Highway 20 in Evansville, Natrona County, Wyoming. To date, several sources
of <3ontamination have been identified at the site, which covers approximately
200 acres. The search continues for other sources.
One source is KN Energy, Inc., which has operated a natural gas
processing and transmission facility since 1963 on about 25 acres south of the
subdivision at 5500 Yellowstone Highway (U.S. Highway 20/26) east of Casper.
Until 1985, wastes drained into an unlined pit on the northeast corner of the
facility. This unlined pit, which was replaced in December 1984 by a
concrete-lined structure, contains numerous hazardous substances, including
xylenes, ethylbenzene, toluene, naphthalene, chrysene, methylnaphthalene, and
benzene, according to EPA tests conducted in 1987. These substances were
detected in the shallow alluvial aquifer immediately north of the pit,
including private wells in the subdivision. Within 3 miles of the site, this
aquifer has been the sole source of drinking water for about 400 people, an
alternate source for about 2,500 people, and a source to irrigate cropland.
EPA's 1987 tests indicate that Elkhorn Creek, which passes through the
middle of the KN Energy facility, is contaminated with toluene and
fluoroanthene. Within 3 miles downstream of KN Energy the North Platte River
is used for irrigation and recreational activities.
The Dowell Schlumberger oil field service facility is also south of the
subdivision. The facility occupies 10 acres on the east side of KN Energy at
5750 Yellowstone Highway. EPA determined that this facility was the source of
chlorinated organic solvents, including trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethy-
lene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,2-dichloroethylene, in private wells in the
Brookhurst subdivision as far as 0.5 mile away, and also in Elkhorn Creek.
. EPA detected pentachlorophenol in monitoring wells along the Burlington
Northern railroad and U.S. Highway 20 rights-of-way and at several locations
in the subdivision. The source or sources of this contamination is unknown.
The State provided bottled water to about 400 subdivision residents for
1 month in late 1986. Using CERCIA emergency funds, EPA supplied water until
December 1987, when EPA provided the homes a permanent water supply.
KN Energy, Dowell Schlumberger, and its parent company, Dow Chemical Co.,
signed a Consent Agreement with EPA on December 15, 1987 in which they agreed
to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action. On the same day, KN Energy and Dowell Schlumberger/Dow
Chemical signed separate Consent Agreements to conduct removal actions on
their properties.
Status (May 1990); KN Energy is extracting vapors from soil and pumping
and treating ground water. The other two companies have removed some
contaminated soil and are operating two soil vapor extraction systems. The
RI/FS is nearing completion.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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ADDEMXM
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MAGNOLIA CEIY LANDFILL
Magnolia, Arkansas
Conditions at listing (October 1989); Magnolia City Landfill comprises
two 40-acre tracts (one of which has not yet been vised) located 2.3 miles
south of Magnolia, Arkansas, in Colombia County. The area around the site is
forested, with some residences.
The city has owned and operated the site since 1955, accepting
residential and commercial trash, as well as industrial wastes, from the area.
During 1955-65 and 1970-79, 56,100 gallons of solvents and other organic
chemicals from Firestone Coastal Fabrics Co. in Magnolia were burned and the
residue buried at the landfill, according to information the company supplied
to EPA as required by CERCLA Section 103 (c); an additional 40,000 gallons were
also buried. Since 1971, Alumax Magnolia Division (formerly known as Howmet
Aluminum Corp. of Magnolia) has deposited about 31,200 cubic yards of aluminum
hydroxide sludge containing small amounts of phenolic glue and nickel,
according to information the company provided to EPA. An EPA inspection in
September 1986 revealed that a large quantity of sludge was being spread
evenly on a portion of the landfill.
In 1987-88, EPA found benzene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and
trichloroethylene in on-site monitoring wells. An estimated 200 people obtain
drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the landfill.
EPA tests conducted in February 1988 identified lead and nickel in on-
site soil.
Status (May 1990); In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NPL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
^^^^ Compensation. _and Liability Act fCERCLA) as amended in 1986
CONCORD NAVAL WEAPONS STATION
Concord, California
t listing (June 1988); Concord Naval Weapons Station is
approximately 30 miles northeast of San Francisco on the southern shore of
Suisun Bay, in Concord, Contra Costa County, California. The station is the
major ammunition transshipment port on the West Coast for the Department of
the Navy. In the tidal area of the station are three disposal areas within
0.5 mile of one another: the Tidal Area landfill/ the R-Area Disposal Area,
and the Wood Hogger Area. The three encompass over 110 acres in the western
portion of the tidal area.
From the mid-1940s until 1979, the Tidal Area landfill was the primary
disposal site for the station, receiving wastes from virtually all station
activities. Hazardous wastes deposited at this location may include lead-
based paints, creosote-treated timbers, asbestos, acids, waste solvents, and
waste oils. The landfill lies in a diked salt marsh along Suisun Bay, and
portions of the materials disposed of there may periodically be underwater
during extremely high tides or rainfall. The R-Area Disposal Area may contain
lead-based paints and waste solvents. At the Wood Hogger Area, wood chips
contaminated with pentachlorophenol were disposed of in wetlands adjacent to
and on top of the tidal area landfill. The total volume of hazardous wastes
deposited in the entire western portion of the tidal area is undetermined.
Wells within 3 miles of the site are used for industrial purposes and
serve as backup for a public water system serving an estimated 185,000 people.
Surface water is not used for drinking water or irrigation within 1 mile
downstream from where contaminants enter Suisun Bay. However, the bay and its
marshes are used extensively for recreational fishing and hunting. The salt
marsh harvest mouse, designated an endangered species by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, resides in the tidal area.
The station is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. The Navy has completed IRP Phase I (initial assessment study).
Phase II (confirmation/quantification study) is underway.
Status (May 1990); In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NPL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KEARNEY-KPF
Stockton, California
Conditions at listing fJune 198811 Kearney-KPF, formerly known as KPF
Electric Co., began operations in 1951 on a 11-acre site at 1624 East Alpine
Avenue in Stockton, San Joaquin County, California. The area consists
primarily of small businesses and vacant lots. During 1951-65, the only major
waste generated was by a silver-plating process. In 1972, the company added a
galvanizing operation. Liquid wastes from the silver-plating and galvanizing
operations were disposed of in two on-site unlined ponds until the summer of
1985. From then until January 1986, only rinse water was placed in the ponds.
The liquid waste contained copper, iron, lead, mercury, silver, zinc,
volatile organic chemicals, cyanide, and highly acidic and alkaline rinse
water, according to tests conducted in 1986 by a consultant to Kearney-KPF.
The consultant also, found that on-site soils and monitoring wells contain 1,1-
dichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and lead. Water
from seven California Water Services wells within 3 miles of the site is
blended into a system that serves an estimated 128,000 people in the Stockton
area.
In February 1988, the company submitted a closure and postclosure for the
facility.
This facility is being proposed for the NFL because it is classified as a
non- or late filer under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
Although the facility was treating, storing, or disposing of hazardous waste
after November 19, 1980, it did not file a Part A permit application by that
date as required and has little or no history of compliance with RCRA
Subtitle C.
Status (Mav 19901; This RCRA site is being dropped from the NPL because
it is a late filer that has come within the RCRA system and over the past 2
years demonstrated a history of compliance with RCRA regulations.
Kearney submitted a new draft closure plan in May 1989 and is scheduled
to submit a draft RCRA postclosure permit in August 1990. All closure/
postclosure options with corrective action include RCRA financial assurance
and ground water monitoring requirements.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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Notional Priorities List
-« "*•»•« «***» as ame"ded in 1986
SOLVENT SERVICE, INC.
San Jose, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988) ; Solvent Service, Inc. , recycles waste
solvents frcm nearby industries on a 3.5-acre site at 1021 Berryessa Road in
San Jose, Santa Clara County, California. The neighborhood is both
residential and industrial. The site is paved and fenced.
Waste solvents and reclaimed solvents are stored in drums and tanks on
the site. Soil near the tanks contains high concentrations of volatile
organic chemical s , including trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, and
chloroform, according to tests conducted in 1983 by a consultant to the
company. The same solvents were also found in monitoring wells on and off the
site. Solvent Service is within 1 mile of a cluster of wells that are part of
the municipal supply for the area. This supply serves a residential and daily
business population of about 132,000 people.
In 1983, the company started to work under a voluntary cleanup agreement
with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) . In 1985,
CRWQCB issued Waste Discharge Requirements calling for the company to define
the extent of the contamination and to install wells to stop of f -site
migration. The company's consultant has produced numerous reports that
attempt to map out the underlying hydrogeology. The company has installed 95
monitoring wells, on- and off -site, and also installed extraction wells and
extraction trenches to stop contaminated ground water from migrating
off-site.
This facility has a final permit to treat, store, or dispose of
Subtitle C hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) . The permit was issued before enactment of the Hazardous and Solid
Waste Amendments of 1984 and thus does not require corrective action measures.
The facility has not voluntarily modified the permit. Hence, EPA believes
that use of CERCLA authorities will result in the most expeditious cleanup and
is proposing the site for the NPL.
Status (May 1990) ; This RCRA site is being dropped from the NPL because
on November 28, 1989 a RCRA permit with corrective action was issued.
In early 1990, Solvent Service started to operate a pilot system to treat
contaminated soil. The ground water system continues in operation.
Solvent Service has prepared a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action. CRWQCB received the RI/FS report
in January 1990. The State plans to hear public comments on the proposed
remedial action plan in June 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
UNITED HECKATHORN CO.
Richmond, California
Conditions at listing (October 1989); The United Heckathorn Co. Site is
adjacent to the Lauritzen Canal at 402 Wright Avenue in Richmond, Contra Costa
County, California. The canal is on the Richmond Inner Harbor, which is on
San Francisco Bay, in an area that is primarily light industrial with some
residential development. The site includes the property where United
Heckathorn Co. once operated and all other areas where releases from that
property have come to be located.
From 1948 through 1965, several companies leased a 13.5-acre property to
process chemicals. The owners have been: from 1947 through 1961, Parr
Industrial Corp.; from 1961 through 1981, Parr Richmond Terminal Corp.; and
from 1981 through the present, Levin-Richmond Terminal Corp. (LRTC). In the
late 1940s and early 1950s, Universal Pigment and Chemical Co. produced napalm
on-site. From 1958 to 1965, Montrose Chemical Corp. contracted with United
Heckathorn, United Chemetrics, and ChemWest for DDT-grinding services. These
companies were tenants on the site during this period. United Heckathorn Co.
was the last company to formulate pesticides at this site (1957-1965). The
current operation on the site involves metal recycling.
The California Department of Fish and Game has recorded several instances
of chemicals being discharged into the Lauritzen Canal, including naphthenic
acid in 1951 and DDT in 1960; The 1960 incident resulted in the death of 48
striped bass.
In August 1980, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS),
under its Abandoned Site Project, inspected the site and found elevated levels
of DDT, lindane, BHC, aldrin, and other pesticides in nine soil samples.
In early 1983, LRTC hired a consultant to study on-site DDT
contamination. Soils were found to contain DDT and xylene, and sediments from
the canal contained DDT. During the study, parts of the site were covered
with 6 to 8 inches of crushed rock. URTC's Site Characterization Plan was not
approved by CDHS, however, so CDHS is conducting its own investigation of soil
and ground water contamination.
The Richmond Inner Harbor is used for recreational and commercial fishing
and shellfish harvesting, as well as recreational activities. A coastal
wetland is less than 0.5 mile from the site. The harbor is part of San
Francisco Bay, which the Water Quality Act of 1987 declared to be an estuary
of national significance.
In July-August 1988, EPA detected DDT in the atmosphere at numerous
locations on and off the site. An estimated 10,900 people live within 1 mile
of the site.
Status (March 1990); EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site..
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WARNER EIECIRIC BRAKE & CXI7KH OO.
Rosooe, Illinois
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Warner Electric Brake & Clutch Co.
has manufactured drive train components on a 93.9-acre site in Roscoe,
Winnebago County, Illinois, since 1957. Chlorinated solvents used in plant
operations are present in two on-site lagoons that were covered by the plant's.
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit. Tests conducted in
1984 by Warner and its contractor found that monitoring wells around the
lagoons are contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene.
In 1983, Winnebago County Public Health Department and the State found up
to 5,700 parts per billion of TCE in private wells in Hononegah Country
Estates and Moore Haven Subdivision. In 1984, the company constructed a
public water supply system for Hononegah Country Estates. The system
currently supplies 208 customers. An estimated 7,400 people obtain drinking
water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
The company also removed 16,000 tons of contaminated materials from the
two lagoons, transported them to a hazardous waste facility regulated under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), filled the
lagoons, capped the east lagoon with 1 foot of compacted clay, and covered
each with 6 inches of top soil. The company continues to monitor ground , ;.._
water.
This facility is being proposed for the NPL because it is classified as a
nan- or late filer under RCRA. Although the facility was treating, storing,
or disposing of hazardous waste after November 19, 1980, it did not file a
Part A permit application by that date as required and has little or no
history of compliance with RCRA Subtitle C.
Status (May 1990); Further review has indicated the site is a converter,
rather than a non- or late filer, under RCRA. It is being dropped from the
NPL as a converter because on December 28, 1989, Warner Electric signed a
Consent Order under RCRA Section 3008(h) for corrective action. The action
requires: (1) reducing contaminants in ground water to the levels set forth in
the Consent Order through either removal of contaminants or in-place treatment
and (2) installing an alternate water supply for the individuals listed in the
Consent Order.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FORD MOTOR CD. (SLUDGE IAGOCN)
Ypsilanti, Michigan
Conditions at listing (January 1987); Ford Motor Oo. produced B—24
bombers for the Federal Government during World War U in Ypsilanti Township,
Washtenaw County, Michigan. Sludge from the plating operation was piped to a
3-acre unlined lagoon on plant property. The present owners are Ford Motor
and the Wayne County Road Commission, which operates the Willow Run Airport.
The abandoned lagoon is on airport property. Operations ceased in 1962.
Ford Motor disposed of approximately 1 million cubic feet of sludge in
the lagoon, according to information the company provided to EPA as required
by CERCLA Section 103 (c). Analysis of the sludge in 1979 by the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources detected PCBs and heavy metals, including
lead, cadmium, and mercury.
A noncontinous sand and gravel aquifer underlies the area at a depth of
65 to 100 feet. An estimated 60,000 people draw drinking water from municipal
wells within 3 miles of the site. Private wells are also in the area, the
nearest about 2,000J feet from the site.
The nearest downslope surface water, Willow Creek, is 800 feet from the
site. It is potentially threatened because the lagoon is unlined and had no
structures to divert run-off. Belleville lake, 3,600 feet from the site, is
used for recreational activities.
The site is unfenced, making it possible for people and animals to come
in direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (May 1990): Subsequent to proposal of this site, EPA learned that
a number of industries discharged sludges to the lagoon, as did a waste water
treatment plant north of the lagoon. Therefore, the site would more
appropriately be named "Willow Run Sludge Lagoon". However, in response to
public comments, EPA re-evaluated the site documentation and the site's score
on the Hazard Ranking System used to assess sites for the NPL. Because the
score is now below the cutoff point EPA has established to include a site on
the NPL, it is being dropped from consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
(SAUTTER OIL CO., INC.
Gautier, Mississippi
Ctarriifelons at listing (June 1988); The Gautier Oil Co., Inc. Site covers
3 acres in Gautier, Jackson County, Mississippi. The site is an abandoned
wood-preserving and oil recovery facility that operated for 104 years under
different owners, including Delta Creosote and Gautier Oil Co., Inc.
Operations QC^^ in 1983. The current owner is Seaboard Systems Railroad,
Inc.
The site contains storage and process tanks, two sand filter beds, a
lagoon, numerous rusting drums, and piles of sludge. At least 2,000 cubic
yards of liquids and sludges containing phenol, naphthalene, chloroform,
anthracene, and lead were deposited in the lagoon and in sludge piles,
according to tests conducted by the Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory. A
State inspection in 1984 determined that the filter beds overflow onto
adjoining property, and that the lagoon discharges to the West Pascagoula
River. A coastal wetland is within 1,200 feet.
The aquifer below the site consists of the sand and gravel units of the
Citronelle Formation. The formation is the shallowest aquifer in the area of
the site and is used by a small portion of the population. About 300 people
are served by private wells in the aquifer within 3 miles of the site. The
nearest well is less than 2,000 feet away.
On April 24, 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order on Consent to
Seaboard under CERCLA Section 106(a) to remove contaminated soil, waste,
containers, and equipment from the site. Seaboard removed over 536 tons of
materials from the site and transported them to a hazardous waste facility
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Status (May 1990): In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site docunentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NPL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SUNRAY OIL CD. REFINERY
Allen, Oklahoma
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Hie Sunray Oil Go. Refinery Site
occupies 40 acres approximately 0.1 mile west of Allen, Pontotoc County,
Oklahoma. About 27 acres are owned by Sim Pipe Line Co. and 13 acres by Allen
Camper Manufacturing Co., Inc. Sunray Oil Co. was acquired by Sun Pipe Line
through a series of mergers which began in the 1950s. Sunray Oil Co. operated
the refinery during 1933-55. Sun Pipe Line Co. now operates on its 27 acres.
Allen Camper has manufactured camping equipment on its 13 acres since the
1960s.
Four pits on the property hold refinery sludges containing substances
listed as hazardous under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act. The pits are unlined and inadequately diked. They contain copper, lead,
and zinc, according to analyses conducted by EPA in May 1986.
In October 1984 and May 1986, EPA found barium, iron, lead, and manganese
in the abandoned on-site drinking water well. Soils in the area are permeable
and ground water shallow (26 feet in some cases), conditions that facilitate
movement of contaminants into ground water. Approximately 3,000 people,
including Allen residents, obtain drinking water from public and private wells
within 3 miles of the site.
Little Sandy Creek and a tributary to the Canadian River originate on the
site.
Status (May 1990): In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NPL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from,.
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Super-fund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
RIO GRANDE OIL OO. REFINER/.
Sour lake, Texas
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Rio Grande Oil Co. Refinery
covers approximately 11 acres west of Ann Street in Sour Lake, in southwestern
Hardin County, Texas. Now abandoned, the refinery operated during the 1920s
and 1930s. Liquid wastes generated by petroleum and related refining
activities were deposited in an unlined disposal pit encompassing
approximately 1 acre. The pit now contains a hardened tar-like substance.
Parts of the site are now owned by Arco, Amoco Production U.S.A., the City of
Sour Lake, and an individual.
In 1986, EPA found phthalate esters and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in soil, some at depths of 3-5 feet. The uppermost aquifer, the Chicot
Aquifer in the lower Beaumont Clay Formation, is exposed in Sour Lake. Area
soils are moderately permeable and ground water occurs at 10-20 feet. These
conditions potentially threaten ground water. Sour Lake has two municipal
wells 1,000 yards southeast of the site. An estimated 2,000 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
This site is on the Texas State list of sites targeted for cleanup under
Superfund.
Status (May 1990); In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NPL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PORT HOWARD PAPER CO. SLUDGE LAGOONS
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Conditions at listing (June 19881; Fort Howard Paper Go. owns and
operates a 293-acre disposal site within the corporate limits of the City of
Green Bay, Brown County, Wisconsin. The site is adjacent to the Oneida Indian
Reservation, Town of Hobart, and Village of Ashwaubenon; Austin Straubel
Airport is about 600 feet to the south. The company's manufacturing plant is
on Broadway Street about 3.5 miles from the disposal site.
Disposal of sludge began in 1964 in a series of lagoons separated by
dikes constructed of on-site sands. The sludge contains barium, lead,
arsenic, and PCBs, according to tests conducted by a Fort Howard Paper
contractor in 1980. To date, sludge has been placed in Ponds 1-6, 9, 10, 11,
and 14, which are unlined; surficial soils beneath are silty sand. An
abandoned landfill operated by the Village of Ashwaubenon is east of Pond 10
and north of Pond 11. The landfill was closed in the mid-1970s and is now
owned by Fort Howard Paper.
Several monitoring wells on and around the site are contaminated with
benzene and chlorinated organic solvents, according to a 1986 report of the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The cxantamination cannot be
conclusively attributed to the sludge disposal practices. However, the
permeable soils and shallow ground water (5 feet in some cases) increase the
potential for contaminants to move from the sludge lagoons into ground water.
The Village of Ashwaubenon has two drinking water distribution systems.
Wells for both systems are within 3 miles of the site. The City of Green Bay
obtains its water from Lake Michigan via pipeline but maintains a number of
wells as backup, one within 3 miles. Drinking water for an estimated 34,200
people is potentially threatened.
Fort Howard installed a slurry wall/gradient control system in 1986 to
prevent migration of contaminants via ground water and fenced the entire
property.
Status (May 1990): In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated the
site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used to
assess sites for the NFL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point EPA
has established to include a site on the NPL, this site is being dropped from
consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
For further information, call the
Superfund Hotline, toll-free at
1 -800-424-9346 or 382-3000
in Washington, DC, metropolitan
area, or the U. S. EPA
Superfund Offices listed below
For publications, contact
Public Information Center,
PM-211B
401 M Street SW
Washington DC 20460
CML:(202) 382-2080
FTS: 382-2080
Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response, OS-230
401 M Street. SW
Washington, DC 20460
CML: (202) 475-8103
FTS: 475-8103
Region 1
Superfund Branch, HSL-CAN 2
John F. Kennedy Building
Boston, MA 02203
CML: (617) 573-9610
FTS: 833-1610
Region 2
Emergency & Remedial Response
Division
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
CML: (212) 264-8672
FTS: 264-8672
Region 3
Site Assessment Section, 3HW13
841 Chestnut Building
Philadelphia, PA 19107
CML: (215).597-3437
FTS: 597-3437
Region 4
Waste Management Division
345 Courtland Street. NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
CML: (404) 347-3454
FTS: 257-3454
Region 5
Remedial Response Branch, 5HS-11
230 South Dearborn Street,
12th Floor
Chicago, IL 60604
CML: (312)886-5877
FTS: 886-5877
Region 6
Superfund Management Branch, 6H-M
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
CML: (214) 655-6740
FTS: 255-6740
Region 7
Superfund Branch
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City. KS 66101
CML: (913) 551-7052
FTS: 276-7052
Region 8
Superfund Remedial Branch, 8HWM-SR
999 18th Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2405
CML: (303) 294-7630
FTS: 330-7630
Region 9
Waste Management Division, H-1
1235 Mission Street
San Francisco, CA94103
CML: (415)744-1730
FTS: 484-1730
Region 10
Superfund Branch, HW-113
1200 6th Avenue
Seattle, WA98101
CML: (206)442-1987
FTS: 399-1987
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