CBP/TRS-152/96
EPA903-R-96-010
Priorities for Action for Land,
Growth and Stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region
A report prepared by the ChesapeakeBay Program
Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee
October 10, 1996
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CHESAPEAKE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
ADOPTION STATEMENT
Chesapeake Bay Program QN J^JJJ^ GROWTH, AND STEWARDSHIP
/ W/e.thc
e, the undersigned, accept the report "Priorities for Action for
Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region." In so doing, we endorse the following efforts
and request that they be addressed by the Chesapeake Bay Program through broad public outreach during
the coming year.
The Chesapeake Bay Watershed is expected to become
home to almost three million more people bythe year
2020. This will continue to test our ability to meet our
restoration goals while accommodating growth and develop-
ment. New residents and citizens who are already in the region
will want to attain economic prosperity, will expect to live in
communities where the quality of life is high, and will insist on
an environment that is clean and available for their enjoy-
ment. Integrating economic health, resource protection, man-
agement and enhancement, and community participation will
be a challenge for us all. This Report represents a new begin-
ning to meet this challenge in atnanher that is sensitive to
local issues and local autonomy and emphasizes our desire to
help communities help themselves.
The Report is meant to serve as a way to address land,
growth and stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay
Region. It can facilitate future and ongoing public or
private actions to be taken by. the Chesapeake Bay Program
and other stakeholders within the Region.
The Chesapeake Bay Program will continue to advance the
"Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region" through the identification of specific
actions, commitments and resources. The.Program (through
the State signatories, Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcom-
mittee, Local Government Advisory Committee and Citizens
Advisory Committee) will conduct broad outreach during the
next year with local governments, the private sector, non-
governmental organizations, and citizens to seek review and
comment on these Priorities.
The Chesapeake Bay Program will identify models, tech-
nologies and practices, that can be used to assess and minimize
the impacts of different development patterns and land use
designs on nutrient loadings to the Bay; This information will
be useful to state and local jurisdictions as they work to
achieve the nutrient reduction and habitat restoration goals of
the Program:
The Chesapeake Bay Program will communicate and dis-
tribute collected materials on these models, technologies and
practices to local governments, land use decision-make.rs,
practitioners, realtors, homebuilders, and other stakeholders.
B
y accepting this report and the actions outlined above, the purposes of the population growth and development commit-
ments of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement are advanced.
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Date OCTOBER 10, 1996
CHESAPEAKE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
FOR THE STATE OF MARYLAND
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
UL
FOR THE CHESAPEAKE BAY COMMISSION
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Table of Contents
I. Summary /
II. Background 2
///. Outreach Meetings and Results 3
IV. Findings 7
- Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship 8
V. Recommendations 15
VI. Appendix A 16
VII. Appendix B , 22
VIII. AppendixC 30
IX. AppendixD 36
Printed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the Chesapeake Bay Program
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
SUMMARY
, The Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee recommends that the Chesapeake Executive
Council accept this report on "Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region" (referred to as the "Priorities for Action") as a way to implement the
1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement population growth and development commitments. The
"Priorities for Action" reflect the ideas and suggestions of over 300 public officials and private
interests within the region and the leadership of the Committees, Subcommittees and related
workgroups within the Chesapeake Bay Program.
The goal, objectives and priorities summarize a public outreach and consensus-building effort
which included: a) eight outreach meetings with local government leaders, developers and builders,
farmers, foresters, land conservationists, State legislators, private corporation officials, land
economists and others; b) a region-wide "Quality Landscape Conference," which included four
jurisdictional work sessions, and over 250 participants; c) two technical expert work sessions on
"Air, Land and Transportation" and "Population and Land Use Information;" and, d) over 30
meetings with Chesapeake Bay Committees, Subcommittees and workgroups.
This report documents the process used to develop these "Priorities for Action," outlines future
Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee activities, and identifies spectficjecommendatioas.
These recommendatioas are supported within and outside the Bay Program and will contribute to
the restoration of the Bay, while supporting sustainable development patterns.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
II. BACKGROUND
In 1987, the parties to the Chesapeake Bay Agreement, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
representing the Federal government, the District of Columbia, the State of Maryland, the
Commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay Commission agreed to a series
of goals and priority commitments for the protection and restoration of the Chesapeake Bay.
Recognizing that the Chesapeake Bay's importance transcends regional boundaries, the signatories
committed to managing the Chesapeake Bay as an integrated ecosystem. A series of objectives were
agreed to and serve as the policy and institutional framework for continued cooperative efforts to
restore and protect Chesapeake Bay.
One of the six goals, entitled "Population Growth & Development," calls for partners in the Bay
restoration to "Plan for and manage the adverse environmental effects of human population growth
and land development in the Chesapeake Bay watershed." The goal recognized the "clear correlation
between population growth and associated development and environmental degradation in the
Chesapeake Bay system" and outlined a series of objectives and commitments for the parties to pursue
to mitigate the potential adverse effects of unmanaged growth.
Following approval of the Agreement, a Population Growth & Development Subcommittee was formed
to help carry out the 1987 commitments. In 1994, after the majority of the 1987 commitments were
completed, the leaders of the Chesapeake Bay Program urged the Population Growth & Development
Subcommittee to develop a revised plan for activities related to the 1987 goal. With input from
various members of the Principals' Staff Committee and the Implementation Committee, the
Subcommittee began a process to update and refine population growth and development activities
within the Chesapeake Bay Program.
. Land, Growth & Stewardship Subcommittee
The "Mission Statement" for the Population Growth & Development Subcommittee was revised, and
adopted by the Implementation Committee in 1994. The revisions included renaming the group the
Land, Growth & Stewardship Subcommittee and development of a short-term work plan to further
refine appropriate population growth and development activities within the Chesapeake Bay Program.
The Subcommittee's Mission Statement reflects the following goal and objectives:
1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement Goal: Plan for and manage the adverse environmental effects of
human population growth and land development hi the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
The Subcommittee is responsible for identifying growth and land use issues of a Bay-wide nature,
addressing development topics, and forging alliances with other organizations and interests to: 1)
Promote sound land management decisions; 2) provide growth projections and assess the impacts of
existing growth on the Bay and its tributaries; and 3) encourage public and private actions to reduce
the impacts of growth.
The activities of the subcommittee will be pursued in supp'ort of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement
which commit the signatories, among other things, to implement tributary-specific strategies that meet
main stem nutrient reduction goals and achieve water quality requirements necessary to support .living
resources in both the main stem and the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay. Furthermore, the 1992
Amendments commit the signatories to explore opportunities to further reduce airborne sources of
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
nitrogen which enter the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, beyond that which is captured under the
1990 Amendments to the Federal Clean Ah- Act.
Objectives:
f Create public forums for the exchange of ideas and strategies on land conservation,
sound growth, development and stewardship.
f Provide local governments with technical and information assistance to continue and
expand then- management efforts to reduce the negative impacts of growth.
f Develop and analyze Bay-wide information to measure trends and patterns in
population growth and development and to better understand its impacts on the Bay
and its watershed and tributaries.
4 . Enhance public access in and around the Bay and its tributaries.
* Promote stewardship among local, state and federal governments, and the private
sector. Encourage partnerships with land conservation groups, land trusts or other
efforts promoting land conservation.
^ Evaluate the potential growth and development impacts of local, state, and federal
government policy decisions.
In addition to assisting the Local Government Advisory Committee, enhancing public access to the
Bay and holding public forums to exchange ideas on land conservation, sound growth and
development, the Subcommittee committed to holding a region-wide conference.
A region-wide conference was seen as a way for the Subcommittee and the Program to initiate a
dialogue among Bay watershed stakeholders to discuss the impacts of growth and development on the
Chesapeake Bay and the quality of the environment and lifestyle of the watershed. It was felt by the
Chesapeake Bay Program that the insights and ideas gained from an ongoing dialogue of this type
would be essential in order to update a framework for the Subcommittee's activities.
HI. OUTREACH MEETINGS AND RESULTS
To help ensure that the conference would reflect as broad a perspective as possible, the Subcommittee
was encouraged to conduct a series of outreach meetings with various stakeholders prior to the forum.
A workgroup of the Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee was formed to conduct the outreach
meetings and design of the conference program. With the help of the State of Maryland, the Alliance
for the Chesapeake Bay, the Citizens Advisory Committee and the Local Government Advisory
Committee, the Subcommittee met with a number of stakeholder groups. These meetings focused on
a discussion of the following questions, with the respondents' answers recorded and summarized by
Subcommittee staff:
What land, growth and stewardship issues or problems do you think could be constructively
addressed by the Chesapeake bay program?
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
*• What is the principal impediment to effectively address the problem you identified?
»• What programs, tools, or techniques could be' used to address the issue?
>• What are some examples of successful approaches?
»• What actions are needed?
Eight meetings were held with representatives of various stakeholder groups including:
•• State legislative representatives on the Chesapeake Bay Commission
*• Local governments in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Maryland and the District.
»• Land developers and builders in Virginia and Maryland and national private sector
homebuilder organizations.
*• Resource users including fanners and timber managers in Maryland and Virginia.
*• Land economists from all over the watershed.
»• Land conservationists from the District, Virginia, Pennsylvania and Maryland.
The recommendations resulting from this effort form the basis for the "Priorities for Action." See
Appendix A for recommendations and participants of these meetings.
"A Quality Landscape Conference"
The results of the discussions with stakeholders were used to design the "A Quality Landscape
Conference: Economic Vitality & Environmental Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed" held
in Reston, Virginia, as a part of the 1995 Chesapeake Executive Council Meeting. The purpose was
to:
>• Provide local governments, the development community, and others with information, tools
and techniques to develop and implement land management actions and policies to promote
economic stability, community vitality, environmental protection, and land stewardship.
(During the conference, over 50 technical experts spoke on possible tools and techniques for
communities to address growth issues.)
*• Identify action steps and policy directions which could be taken by the Chesapeake Bay
Program to further land, growth and stewardship goals.
The conference attracted over 250 people from the region and included four jurisdictional work
sessions to outline and reach consensus agreement on a series of actions to be taken to solve land,
growth and stewardship problems, and achieve related goals within the Chesapeake Bay region.
A Quality Landscape Conference: Jurisdictional Work Sessions
Jurisdictional work sessions for Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia were
held during "A Quality Landscape" Conference to: 1) identify the problems and issues that need to
be addressed; 2) the barriers or impediments to solving the problem; 3) programs, tools, techniques
that could be used to solve the problems or achieve goals; and, 4) the appropriate role of the
Chesapeake Bay Program in solving these problems. Detailed results of these jurisdictional break-out
sessions are included in Appendix B.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Summary of Impediments to Solving Land,
Growth and Stewardship Problems
Participants in each of the work sessions
identified the following barriers and
impediments specific to their locality:
4 Participants in the District of Columbia
identified attitudes and perceptions as
the major impediment to addressing
land, growth and stewardship issues in
the Chesapeake Bay region (See
Appendix B, page 29 for specific
information regarding attitudes and
perceptions).
4 Maryland participants identified
impediments between the State, local
governments and the private sector
(e.g., regulatory conflicts, lack of
certainty and predictability for the
development community, and the need
to balance property rights with development concerns).
4 Participants in the Virginia break-out session felt the "Dillon Rule" is often a barrier to
empowering local government to carry out local initiatives.
* Pennsylvania participants identified interjurisdictional problems at the township level as major
a barrier to addressing land, growth and stewardship issues.
Programs, Tools and Techniques to solve problems and achieve goals
A variety of tools and techniques were identified during the break-out sessions for solving problems
and achieving goals. These suggestions have been incorporated into the "Priorities for Action."
Examples include: interdisciplinary educational outreach on local actions and their local connection
to the Bay; visioning forums for communities; collection of data and trends to serve as an information
clearinghouse for Bay communities; models, tools and examples for sustainable growth and
development; streamlining development regulations; providing economic incentives for appropriate
development patterns; and legislative initiatives to prevent sprawl.
Conference Findings: Issues to be addressed
Consensus was reached on the following four
issues during the work sessions:
4 The lack of adequate information about
the Bay and the impacts of actions on
the Bay at the local government level
and among individuals and interest
groups;
* The need to make older urban areas
more liveable and to focus resources
towards accomplishing that goal;
4 The lack of regional cooperation, and
inconsistencies or conflicts between
different governments; and,
4 The need for better coordination and
consensus-building among competing
interests in the watershed.
Appropriate Role of the Chesapeake Bay Program
Participants in "all four jurisdictional work sessions recognized that in addressing these issues the
Chesapeake Bay Program has:
t The necessary relationships with various stakeholders to bring about strategic partnerships; and
* The technical knowledge and information needed to identify growth and development trends
in the watershed that could be used to educate stakeholders about the issues.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
The goal, objectives and actions of the Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region are thus based on the recommendations made at the outreach meetings with
stakeholder groups, the technical expertise provided at "A Quality Landscape Conference" and
recommendations made during the jurisdictional break-out sessions.
Chesapeake Bay Program Review
The results of the Reston Conference and the
outreach meetings were provided to the
Implementation Committee, of the Chesapeake
Bay Program in January 1996 for review and
comment. The Chairs of all the Bay Program's
Committees, Subcommittees and select
workgroups were encouraged to identify which
of the priorities identified by the stakeholder
groups and the conference participants were
supportive of their activities. Comments were
received from most of the signatories,
Committees, subcommittees, and a number of
workgroups. A summary of the comments
received is included in Appendix C.
In response to the "Draft Priorities," technical
work sessions were held with members of the
Air Quality Workgroup and the Data Center
Workgroup, with others including the
representatives from Chesapeake Bay Program
signatories, to discuss specific
recommendations. Work sessions on "Air,
Land and Transportation" and on "Population
and Land Use Information" were held to gain
further Chesapeake Bay Program and
signatory input. Following these comments
and those of the Chesapeake Bay Program, Reston Conference participants and stakeholders were
asked to provide comments.
Conference Findings: Possible Role for the Chesapeake
Bay Program
There was consensus among the four jurisdictional work
sessions that the Chesapeake Bay Program and~Land, Growth
and Stewardship Subcommittee should have an important role
in:
4 Encouraging an emphasis on redevelopment of older
urban areas, to incorporate urban and social issues
into Program activities, and to. emphasize
"Brownfield" development.
4 Providing technical and financial assistance to
encourage creative and innovative land use decisions
at the local level, and to provide hard data on the
economic and environmental costs of various
development and revitalization techniques.
4 Providing models and examples of appropriate
settlement patterns that will assist in the nutrient
reduction goal as well as integrate resource protection,
community participation and economic health.
4 Providing overall goals for land, growth and
stewardship and specific measures of performance for
achieving these goals.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
IV. FINDINGS
The process for setting the "Priorities for Action" indicated that growth needs to be addressed in a
manner that is sensitive to local issues and local autonomy, can work to help communities help
themselves, and will be implemented in collaboration with the private sector. This approach
recognizes that communities are the basic unit for addressing growth and that all factors should be
considered — the economy, the quality of life and sense of place in local communities, and the long
term stewardship of the natural environment.
Report Assumptions
Discussions with Chesapeake Bay Program leaders and other public and private interests provided the
Subcommittee with the following assumptions. These assumptions were used to shape the "Priorities
for Action" and reflect the overall intent of this effort. -
>• The "Priorities for Action" can be a basis for dialogue with tributary stakeholders in order to
help the Tributary-Nutrient Reduction effort succeed.
>• The primary responsibility for land, growth and stewardship activities within the Chesapeake
Bay Program is at the State and local level.
*• The Subcommittee recognizes that environmental stewardship, community vitality and
economic prosperity are inextricably linked and that environmental protection and economic
development goals need to be met simultaneously.
>• There is support from the development community, local governments, land conservancies, and
resource-based industries and others, to work cooperatively "to protect and restore the Bay
while meeting other important public needs and goals.
»• Any future commitments for action by the Chesapeake Bay Program need review, input and
the commitment of the various local government and private sector organizations they
influence.
* Local governments, resource-based industries, developers and builders, land conservancies and
economists, private corporations and others can make a significant contribution to the
protection and restoration effort. Through their expertise, knowledge of the Bay region,
financial and human resources, and existing authorities, these stakeholders are important
partners hi achieving the goal of the Land, Growth & Stewardship Subcommittee.
»• The priorities which are outlined are intended to serve as voluntary goals and objectives for
public and private efforts within and outside of the Chesapeake Bay Program structure. These
priorities are expected to be accomplished through a variety of public and private programs,
including but not limited to the Chesapeake Bay Program.
Based on the findings of this effort, the following goal and objectives were identified as ways to
accomplish this goal.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship
in the Chesapeake Bay Region
GOAL: To encourage sustainable development patterns,
which integrate resource protection, community participation
and economic health.
Objective I. Foster a Sense of Community and Place to Protect Heritage.
The Chesapeake Bay Region's heritage is a composite of its landscape, people, institutions, and
history. The special character, communities and sense of place are important qualities to residents
and a motivation for local protection and restoration efforts.
Develop and Strengthen Partnerships
»• Identify public and private resources that assist in efforts which foster a sense of place.
>• Develop a comprehensive framework to protect and interpret heritage resources.
>• Promote cooperation and communication among local government officials, planners, decision-
makers, businesses, citizens and others, that will unite them in a vision for the future of their
communities.
Encourage Appreciation of the Bay and its Resources
* Enhance and expand opportunities for public enjoyment of, and access to the Chesapeake Bay
and its tributaries. ,
*• Use community visioning processes to increase public awareness of the value and importance
of the Bay and its tributaries.
Increase Education
*• Improve public education efforts designed to increase awareness of linkages between
communities, local watersheds and the Chesapeake Bay.
>• Increase alternative information dissemination and public participation pathways to reach
groups not currently being reached through existing education programs.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Objective II. Revitalize Existing Communities.
Increasing the vitality of existing communities will influence development patterns in the countryside.
Revitalization efforts will assist existing communities and help reduce sprawl development.
Encourage Redevelopment
»• Encourage redevelopment and infill, within developed communities, to efficiently use existing
water treatment, wastewater treatment, transportation network .and social and natural
infrastructure.
•• Encourage "Brownfields Economic Redevelopment" and other initiatives that focus
redevelopment incentives and programs for vacant and underutilized lands in existing
communities.
»• Encourage state-of-the-art storm water management and pollution prevention practices in
redevelopment projects.
Promote the Social and Economic Improvement of Existing Communities
+ Encourage community development which incorporates and balances social, economic and
environmental protection goals.
»• Support community redevelopment efforts which address the social and economic causes of
urban blight.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Objective III. Encourage Efficient Development Patterns.
Efficient development patterns encourage higher density, compact, contiguous, transit-oriented and
mixed-use development which is ecologically sound. Efficient developments are beneficial to the Bay
because they help to improve quality of life in our communities, reduce impervious surfaces, conserve
farm and forest lands, natural areas and reduce reliance on automobiles .
Communicate with More Stakeholders
*• Continue dialogue and provide region-wide forums for education and communication among
stakeholders (developers, realtors, home buyers, elected officials, businesses, citizeas, non-
profit and civic organization leaders, land trusts and local government representatives).
Encourage More Cooperation
> Strengthen partnerships and encourage cooperation with businesses, local governments,
developers, foresters, farmers, realtors, homebuilders, land trusts, community, civic and non-
profit organizations.
»• Foster intergovernmental and regional cooperation.
»• Encourage integration of transportation issues with land use decision-making, environmental
protection and economic development.
*• Encourage the planning and development of communities which provide a full range of
educational, recreational, commercial and other community services within walking distance
of residential neighborhoods.
*• Encourage local governments and other regulatory bodies to streamline land development
regulations to reduce time delays and housing costs for efficient development.
*• Increase communication among the federal agencies that represent land management,
transportation and utilities as well as with communities adjacent to federal lands, on land,
growth and stewardship issues.
»• Increase cooperation and reduce duplication among the various state and federal regulatory
agencies.
Develop New Policies
* Encourage the revision of state, federal and local regulations to reduce impervious cover and
improve its management in development designs (e.g., narrower and shorter residential roads,
smaller parking lots, compact cluster development).
»• Encourage the use of environmentally sensitive designs and best management technologies in
the use and development of land to ensure maximum resource protection.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Market Success
»• Market local success stories that demonstrate efficient development patterns, sustainability,
community revitalization and resource protection as an educational tool.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Objective IV. Promote Economic Viability.
Communities are recognizing the linkage between economic vitality, environmental protection and a
community's social fabric. Economies within the region will need to be designed to create
opportunities for satisfying livelihoods and a safe, healthy, high quality of life for current and future
generations.
Use Economic Valuation
»• Demonstrate the economic and social benefits of properly managing Chesapeake Bay region
resources.
*• Conduct detailed land economic studies to demonstrate the comparative rates of return,
appreciation, and sales for alternative forms of development.
Encourage Sustainable Development
*• Assist communities to develop full-cost accounting of growth, transportation and economic
development.
•> Identify and promote economic incentives that encourage sustainable development patterns.
>• Identify and encourage the revision of federal, state and local policies that promote and
subsidize sprawl or unsustainable development patterns.
Use Targeted Planning
*• Stimulate local economies through rehabilitation and redevelopment.
>• Encourage intergovernmental planning which optimizes regional economics benefits and cost-
effective development.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Objective V. Foster Resource Protection and Land Stewardship.
Many public and private landowners, and users of Bay resources, act as "stewards" of their share of
the Chesapeake Region, working to protect characteristics of the land and water while enjoying social
and economic benefits. ;
Communicate Land, Growth & Stewardship Information
*• Continue dialogue and provide forums for education and communication among stakeholders
(developers, realtors, home buyers, elected officials, businesses, citizens, non-profit and civic
organization leaders, land trusts and local government representatives).
Increase Cooperation
»• Share technical and planning expertise among federal, state and local governments as well as
private sector partners.
•> Use cooperative local watershed protection planning to link individual development projects
and larger watershed objectives.
Develop New Policies
> Promote the integration of natural and community infrastructure in public and private planning,
development and protection efforts.
»• Support federal, state, local and private sector land conservation initiatives.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Objective VI. Develop a Database for Land, Growth and Stewardship to
Analyze Trends, Measure Goals and Provide Technical Assistance.
Environmental indicators are a way to evaluate progress of land, growth and stewardship efforts.
They also can inform and involve the public in achieving Chesapeake Bay Program goals.
Create a database that will enable the CBP to develop environmental indicators to evaluate the
progress of land, growth and stewardship efforts.
> Develop realistic and measurable land use, land economics, growth management, stewardship,
sustainability and local government indicators to measure progress.
>• Use Land, Growth and Stewardship Indicators to inform and involve the public and
stakeholders in acliieving Bay Program goals.
Track, quantify, map and assess population and development trends in the Bay Region.
">• ' " "Continue to work with the states and the District of Columbia to provide population and land
use projections to assess the impacts of growth on the Bay, its watershed and tributaries.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
V. RECOMMENDATIONS
i
The "Priorities for Action" is meant to serve as a way to address land, growth and stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region. It can facilitate future and ongoing public or private actions to be taken by
the Chesapeake Bay Program and other stakeholders within the region.
The Chesapeake Bay Program's Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee, in collaboration with
Chesapeake Bay Program committees and partners as well as other public and private interests, will
lead the following efforts in 1997. In order to initiate the "Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and
Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region," the Subcommittee recommends the following action be
taken by the Chesapeake Executive Council.
1) The Executive Council should accept the report on "Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and
Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region" as a way to implement the population, growth
and development commitments of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement.
2) The Adoption Statement will direct the Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee to:
Continue to advance the "Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the
Chesapeake Bay Region" through the identification of specific actions, commitments and
resources for the Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee. The~Land, Growth and
Stewardship Subcommittee will work in cooperation with the Chesapeake Bay Program
signatories and committees to conduct broad outreach with local governments, the private
sector, non-governmental organizations, and citizeas in the identification, development and
implementation of specific action items.
Identify models, technologies, practices, that can be used to assess and minimize the impacts
of different development patterns and land use designs on nutrient loadings and the water
quality of the Bay. The emphasis of this work will include documenting the economic benefits
of these efficient development patterns and that these actions are essential to maintaining the
nutrient loading cap in the future.
Communicate and distribute collected materials on these models, technologies and practices
to local governments, land use decision-makers, practitioners, realtors, homebuilders, and other
stakeholders. • '
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Appendix A
Summary of Recommendations from Outreach Meetings
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Land Stewardship Roundtable Discussion1 - The following
recommendations were made at the Land Stewardship Roundtable held on September 26,
1995. .
• Chesapeake Bay Program should help to move federal regulatory decisions to be
consistent with growth management policies.
• The Chesapeake Bay Program and land stewardship partnership should develop
transferable "Bay Community" models to inspire communities.
• The Land Trust community should act as a conduit for bringing EPA/Chesapeake Bay
Program initiatives to local governments.
• Chesapeake Bay Program needs to generate discussion on transferable development
rights.
• States should be encouraged to supply low-interest loans for land acquisition so that
there are funds available when sensitive land goes on the market.
• Chesapeake Bay Program should package the latest thinking on sewage systems in
rural areas.
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• Land use and preservation laws should be analyzed to determine how they can be
more effective.
• This partnership should- improve outreach through marketing success stories.
• Chesapeake Bay Program/EPA should move from command and control to grass roots
approach to conservation.
• We need to inform the public through the use of CIS maps and environmental
indicators.
• Local implementation should be supported through Chesapeake Bay Program
partnerships.
> i
• Chesapeake Bay Program should develop a tool box to make resources available to
local governments.
• We need to tie in communities to see the big picture and help them realize the
connection to the Bay.
Participating Organizations: Natural Lands Trust; Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay/Bay Journal;.
Chesapeake Research Consortium/Chesapeake Bay Program Office; United States Forest Service;
Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Office; Piedmont Environmental Council;
Eastern Shore Land Conservancy; The Countryside Institute; Virginia Chesapeake Bay Local Assistance
Department; Conservation Fund; Trust for Public Land; Commonwealth of Virginia; Maryland Department
of Natural Resources; Chesapeake Bay Commission; Accokeek Foundation; Environmental Protection
Agency, Wetlands Division.
1 These recommendations have been taken from the document, "Chesapeake Bay Region Land
Stewardship Roundtable, A Discussion on Land Stewardship Roles and Partnerships, " Chesapeake
Bay Program Office, September. 1995.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Regie
^^ • /«
Private Sector Outreach Meeting Summary - The following
recommendations were made at a serious of small roundtables held with developers,
timber, agricultural, other private sector interests in fall 1995.
• Chesapeake Bay Program needs to articulate the big picture of why we need to protect and
restore the Bay and how each geographic area fits in
• We should educate the public on:
-ways of planning
-the environmental way of doing things
-the fact that environmental protection is compatible with economic health
• Community Capacity building should be encouraged by:
-communicating what tools and resources are available
-presenting case studies at group forums
-delivering practical, flexible techniques
-helping local governments determine which tools are right for then- community
-focusing on the economics of environmental practices
-not assuming that general solutions are correct
-regional planning
• Involvement and Partnerships
-should include more private representation
-federal land agencies and agencies which represent transportation and utilities should
be represented
-should foster cooperation between developers and conservancies
-conservancies should share positive experiences with developers
• Guidance and Assistance
-Chesapeake Bay Program should recognize objective standards for development/
identify criteria
-Impact fees should be required for infrastructure costs
-should include real estate transfer taxes to provide a fund for specific activities
-Sources of funding should be identified and secured for local infrastructure
improvements
• Communication
-Chesapeake Bay Program should listen to perspectives of stakeholder groups at annual
meetings
-avoid including value judgements in program design
-recognize local efforts
-should include local interests in information networks
-forums for policy discussions need to be held
-should communicate positive impacts.of certain development
• Regulatory Re-invention . . - .
-We should encourage incentives and pollution taxes to determine the type of
development we want
-We should streamline the regulatory process for developers
-Use encouragement over regulation
-We should address past impacts of development as well as new impacts
This is a summary of recommendations made at a series of meetings held with private sector
organizations. A full summary is included in the document, "Private Sector Perspective:
Community-Based Land, Growth and Stewardship Issues in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed"
Chesapeake Bay Program Office, November 1995.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Participating Organizations: Hershey Foods Company & Technical Center; KT Enterprises, Inc.;
Maryland Farm Bureau; Maryland Homebuilders Association; Meeting with Success, Inc.; Michael T.
Rose Companies; National Association of Homebuilders; Pennsylvania Association of Township
Supervisors; The Nature Conservancy; Virginia Association of Counties; Virginia Farm Bureau; Northern
Virginia Building Industry Association; Hampton Roads Planning District Commission; Isle of Wight
County, Virginia; TAMS Consultants, Virginia; Ditmar Construction Company, Virginia; Dewberry &
Davis, Inc., Virginia.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Local Government Perspective3 - The following needs were addressed
by local governments during a roundtable meeting held prior to A Quality Landscape"
by local governments during
Conference.
Local governments need to feel a greater sense of ownership of restoration projects.
Local governments need information and technical assistance concerning how their efforts can
support Bay restoration efforts.
The Bay Program must provide greater recognition and support of local accomplishments.
Constituents of local governments need to be v better educated and informed concerning
restoration and clean-up needs to sustain support for local residents.
The region needs to begin a discussion of sustainable communities.
State and federal government should make technical expertise available.
State and federal government should encourage progress by recognizing local interests and
priorities.
A balance must be achieved between residential and commercial development.
Local governments need to find an equitable way to finance infrastructure for new
development.
There is a need for effective planning to vest local communities with additional authority and
to define community interest through "visioning" processes.
Based on the document, "Local Government Perspective: Growth and Development Issues in the
Chesapeake Bay Watershed" created by the Chesapeake Bay Program Local Government Advisory
Committee and the Maryland Office of Planning, November 1995. This document was based on
discussions with local government officials in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Land Economics Roundtable Discussion4 - The following
recommendations were made during a roundtable discussion on economic issues related
to the use, management and value of land in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
• Integrate a Regional Economic perspective into our current political framework.
• Identify the costs of sprawl before unwanted development occurs (e.g., build-out analysis).
• Identify barriers for local governments in addressing land economics Issues.
• Determine through economic valuation, what the Bay is worth to communities.
• Highlight how changes in land values are affected by different patterns of development.
• Promote using incentives and disincentives to prevent sprawl.
• Establish a regulatory impact process applicable to both public and private investments.
• Identify the Rural/Urban Link- connecting economic development and the need to protect
environmental resources (water supply).
• We should investigate taxing land at its fully developed potential.
• Examine the linkage between the non-residential tax base expansion and residential expansion.
• Stimulate redevelopment within existing infrastructure.
• We need to look at how do we subsidize farmers and what we expect in return.
• We need to address the fact that current public policies (energy, transportation, tax) shape our
patterns of development- they encourage sprawl.
Participating Organizations: Virginia Chamber of Commerce; Maryland Department of Natural
Resources; Chesapeake Research Consortium/ Chesapeake Bay Program Office; United States Forest
Service/ Chesapeake Bay Office; Maryland Farm Bureau; Environmental Protection Agency/
Chesapeake Bay Program Office; AREC/ University of Maryland, College Park; Environmental
Finance Center, University of Maryland; NOAA/ Chesapeake Bay Office; Piedmont Environmental
Council; AREC, University of Maryland, Sea Grant Extension; Accomac-Northampton County Planning
District Commission; Alliance for Sustainable Communities; Michael Siegel - Environmental and
Public Finance Consultant; Virginia Polytechnical Institute; Center for Rural Pennsylvania.
Taken from the roundtable document, "The Chesapeake Bay Region Land Economics Roundtable: A
Discussion of Economic Issues Related to the Use, Management and Value of Land in the
Chesapeake Bay Watershed" Chesapeake Bay Program Office, November 1995.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Appendix B
Recommendations from the Jurisdictional Work Sessions of "A
Quality Landscape " Conference
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Jurisdictional Work Session Results
Problems and Issues
+ Does the Pennsylvania local government system address our current needs?
+ Historical issue needs to be addressed- why the Pennsylvania landscape is the way it is.
Should this be park of the "need"f'visioning" process?
+ Competition for limited funds/resources in land acquisition (for conservation) leads to
fragmentation.
+ Many township are already "built out."
t There is a lack of innovative plans at local level.
4 How to enlist elected officials and voters to want solutions such as visioning/cooperation,
incentives for better development.
Barriers and Impediments
The major impediment identified by Pennsylvania participants was the fragmentation and
interjursidictional problems which occur at the township level.
Programs, Tools and Techniques to Solve Problems and Achieve Goals
Land Use
+ Revitalize urban areas.
+ Encourage "Brownfields" legislation.
+ Set up a heritage framework (cultural, economic and-environmental).
+ Focus on transportation issues.
Local Involvement
+ Continue dialogue and provide a forum for stakeholders such as developers, Realtors,
homebuyers, elected officials, visionaries (e.g. Local Government Conference).
+ PA delegation of local governments will meet to discuss Bay issues and discuss how to
disseminate back down to local levels.
+ Develop a local government association.
t Promote community visioning.
+ Emphasis on urban issues (schools and safety).
Education
+ Provide a grassroots education focus.
+ Educate governors.
t Work with and educate legislative committees on land use/planning issues.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Economics
t Provide hard data on costs of various development/revitalization projects.
+ Provide incentives for intergovernmental cooperation to address the fragment issue.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Jurisdiction^ Work Session Results
Problems and Issues
t Public trust in regulators and developers.
t Best Management Practices are bare minimum practices/we need new innovations that are
used site specific.
t For Builders there is a lack of certainty/predictability, lack of trust with the regulatory process.
+ Regulatory process is too slow and is an impediment to alternative development.
+ Property right balance with environmental concerns.
t Population growth.
+ Conflicting desires/goals among stakeholders.
4 Many builders are not aware of their choices for alternative development.
Barriers and Impediments
+ Lack of communication between all interests (developers, regulators, planners, citizens, etc).
Programs, Tools and Techniques to Solve Problems and Achieve Goals
Technical Assistance
+ Support local visioning through training citizens, planners, the public (adults and children).
+ Provide local governments with tools to link growth management with Bay Program objectives.
+ Provide flexible models for local governments.
t Develop technical teams as a resource to achieve goals.
* Provide financial and technical assistance for appropriate development.
+ Assist communities in re-defining economic viability.
Economics
Help communities identify tools for economic viability.
Identify immediate and long-term economic results.
Planning
Promote downtown revitalization.
Promote open space/cluster subdivision design.
Connect environmental, economic and social, issues.
Identify the true costs for local officials to make the best environmental/economic decision for
planning infrastructure.
Identify regional models.
Streamline development regulations.
Develop measurable goals to track 2020 Visions.
Communication
Communicate the "Big Picture " of land use trends.
Establish strategic partnerships with highway planners, economists, developers, environmental
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
builders, community groups, local governments, and individuals.
Demonstrate models of success.
Education
Provide citizen education on land, growth and stewardship issues.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Jurisdictiohal Work Session Results
Problems and Issues
Help with the coordination among competing interests and governmental bodies, and focus on conflict
resolution.
Lack of information needed at the local level to make rational, effective land use decisions that may
have an effect on the Bay.
Conflicts between levels of government (i.e., inconsistent rules or policies).
Perception that there must be a trade-off between ecology and development.
Barriers and Impediments
Lack of support from state government for local government initiatives and the
"Dillon Rule" were considered major impediments to empowering local government.
Programs, Tools and Techniques to Solve Problems and Achieve Goals
Technical Assistance '
+ Provide examples of appropriate settlement patterns, and model ordinances that lead to what
the Bay Program defines as "A Quality Landscape. "
t Develop goals and criteria for quality stewardship and a system to qualitatively and
quantitatively measure performance.
t Seek expert panel advice and guidance.
Tools and Techniques
+ Provide data and ideas from other states on growth management
t Provide examples of innovative techniques, encourage creativity, provide case studies from
within the Bay watershed and nationally
+ Provide economic incentives for pollution free industries
+ Support conservation easements and an effective Transfer of Development Rights system
+ Develop incentives to encourage creative, innovative land use decisions that benefit both the
economy and environment at the local level
Communication
+ Conduct a targeted public participation element in developing the "Action Plan for Land,
Growth and Stewardship. " -
t Facilitate conflict resolution among competing interests and government bodies.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
iCt Of Columbia Jurisdictional Work Session Results
Issues and Problems
The Chesapeake Bay Program could be "tying in socio-cultural issues such as:
Such socio-cultural issues include:
+ The state of community/neighborhood.
+ Urban revitalization."
t Diversity, socio-economic and cultural, of the watershed community.
+ Access of diverse communities to Chesapeake Bay Program activities and decision-making
processes.
+ "No waste " (resource-based) social system (e.g. lecture given by Bill McDonough, Dean of
Architecture, University of Virginia).
* Further public communication and community education about values and the status of our
environmental region/watershed.
+ Regionalization of issues, promoting cooperation between jurisdictions (federal, state, and
local).
Barriers and Impediments
* Lack of regional consciousness (jurisdictions, public-at- large).
+ Negative views oj urban lifestyle and of D.C. 's government structure.
+ Lack of measures for "community health." '
t (Geographic) segregation: poor racial/ethnic/linguistic relations.
t "Why do it?": lack of awareness of significance.
Programs, Tools and Techniques to Solve Problems and Achieve Goals
Broadening Awareness
+ Tie socio-cultural issues to Chesapeake Bay efforts.
t Amend the Bay Agreement to incorporate socio-cultural issues and community health
indicators.
t Work through community centers and non-profit social service agencies to train individuals
as neighborhood stewards of environmental protection.
Tools and Techniques
+ Promote urban revitalization through providing access of diverse communities to Bay Program
activities.
+ Encourage regional cooperation.
+ Regionalize issues, promoting cooperation between jurisdictions (federal, state and local)
+ Focus on community health measures.
+ Engender a .local re-distribution effort for used materials applying the "no-waste" notion.
+ Develop a regional visioning project for the Baltimore-Washington area.
+ Support regional "Bottle-Bill/Recycling" Programs to provide income for social service
organizations as collection centers (e.g., community centers, shelters), and engender a local
re-distribution network for used materials by applying McDonough's "no waste" notion.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Communication
t Provide Internet-mediated networking and focus on alternative dissemination and participation
pathways for diverse communities.
+ Showcase demonstration projects.
Education
+ Promote educational programs with an interdisciplinary approach.
+ Develop an educational strategy which includes:
1. An integrated (interdisciplinary) educational program on the Chesapeake Bay.
2. A clear theme, e.g., "D.C. is to the (mid-Atlantic) region as the Bay is to the Watershed."
3. Federal government involvement in education and in acting as a model for good watershed
stewardship.
4. Coordination/support for local community and social centers as local "change agents" for
promoting Chesapeake Bay efforts. :
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Appendix C
Feedback from the Chesapeake Bay Program
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Priorities for AdJon for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
CHESAPEAKE BA Y PROGRAM FEEDBACK ON, THE OPTIONS FOR A
LAND, GROWTH AND STEWARDSHIP ACTION AGENDA
Committee/Subcommittee/
Workgroup/Signatory
Priorities and comments on the Options for a Land, Growth and
Stewardship Action Agenda
Chesapeake Bay
Commission
1. Use incentives and disincentives to prevent sprawl including but not limited to, an
examination of the impacts of tax policy on development, revitalization and
settlement patterns.
2. Encourage infill development in areas already served by infrastructure as well as
the revitalization and reuse of "brownfields."
3. Examine ways to streamline regulations to reduce the time required for "good"
development and to reduce housing costs.
4.Set measurable goals for the Chesapeake Bay Program related to land, growth
and stewardship. Include affected stakeholders in the development of the goals.
5. Promote the advancement and application ofGIS systems in the Bay region that
are compatible with one another and improve our decision-making abilities, both
locally and cumulatively.
6. Emphasize the connection between growth issues and socio-economic issues
such as safety and schools.
Citizens Advisory Committee
CAC has been an active participant in refining the "Options for a Land, Growth and
Stewardship Action Agenda." Their comments have been incorporated into the Draft
Action Agenda for Land, Growth and Stewardship.
Local Government Advisory
Committee
1) Promote open space subdivisions, cluster development alternatives.
2) Encourage intergovernmental cooperation for joint planning and zoning.
3) Tie socio-cultural issues to Chesapeake Bay Program issues/educate diverse
communities on Bay issues.
4) Strengthen partnerships and encourage cooperation within the private sector
(business, developers, planners, realtors, homebuilders and land trusts).
5) Educate legislators and elected officials on land use/planning issues.
6) Use economic valuation to demonstrate the importance of protecting our
resources.
7) Encourage higher density, compact, contiguous, mixed use development
patterns.
8) Examine economic incentives and pollution taxes to encourage sustainable
development patterns.
9) Continue dialogue and provide forums for stakeholders.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Federal Agencies Committee
1) Include federal agencies which represent land management, transportation and
utilities in the partnership.
2) Obtain hard data on land issues which can be presented in creative ways.
3) Analyze the costs of sprawl before development occurs.
4) Focus on and integrate transportation issues with land-use decision-making and
economic development.
5) Link the technical and planning expertise of federal partners to communities/local
governments.
Air Quality Coordination
Workgroup
1) Quantify the impacts of future and past development.
2) Focus on and integrate transportation issues.
3) Include federal agencies which represent land management, transportation and
utilities in the partnership.
4) Educational programs should have an interdisciplinary approach and a
grassroots focus.
5) Examine economic incentives and pollution taxes to encourage sustainable
development patterns.
6) Encourage planning which considers cooperation for regional economies and
development patterns.
Forestry Workgroup
1) Use economic valuation to demonstrate the importance of protecting our
resources.
2) Develop land use, land economics, growth management, stewardship,
sustainability, and local government environmental indicators. .
3) Obtain data on land issues and present in creative, accessible ways.
4)Create forums for policy discussion.
5) Market local success stones.
6) Encourage and facilitate communication with stakeholders.
7) Quantify the impacts of future and past development.
8) Analyze the costs sprawl before development occurs
9) Promote open space subdivisions, cluster development alternatives.
10) Encourage planning which considers cooperation of regional economics and
development patterns.
11) The CBP should identify and communicate flexible tools and techniques for
sustainable development.
12) Develop and encourage transferable models for sustainable development.
13) Technical expertise should be made available to communities and local
governments.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Nutrient Subcommittee
1) Develop land use, land economics, growth management, stewardship,
sustainability, and local government environmental indicators.
2) Educate legislators, elected officials, departments of transportation and decision
makers on land use/planning issues and Chesapeake Bay Program goals.
3) Strengthen partnerships and encourage cooperation within the private sector -
business, planners, developers, Realtors, homebuilders, land trusts
4) Include more local government representation.
5) The CBP should continue dialogue and provide forums communication between
stakeholders such as developers, Realtors, home buyers, elected officials, non-
profit and civic organizations and local government representatives.
6) Examine economic incentives and pollution taxes to encourage sustainable
development patterns.
Living Resources
Subcommittee
1) Develop clear goals measurement milestones for sustainable development
patterns.
2) Use economic valuation to demonstrate the importance of our resources.
3) Strengthen partnerships and encourage cooperation within the private 'sector -
business, planners, developers, Realtors, homebuilders, land trusts.
Communications
Subcommittee
1) Educate the public on their local connection to the Bay.
2) Develop land use, land economics, growth management, stewardship,
sustainability, and local government environmental indicators.
3) Reach diverse audiences on Bay issues.
4) Market local success stories.
5) Develop Internet resources.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Regie
Chesapeake Bay Program Priorities for a Land, Growth and Stewardship Action
Agenda
Tier One (Received votes from 5 or more committees)
Develop land use, land economics, growth management, stewardship, sustainability and, local
government environmental indicators for measurement of goals. (5)
Tier Two (Received votes from 3 committees)
• The CBP should continue dialogue and provide forums for communication between stakeholders such
as developers, realtors, home buyers, elected officials, non-profit and civic organizations and local
government representatives. (3)
Strengthen partnerships and encourage cooperation within the private sector - business, planners,
developers, realtors, non-profit and civic organizations, homebuilders and land trusts.(3)
• Use economic valuation to demonstrate the importance of protecting our resource. (3)
• Examine economic incentives and pollution taxes to encourage sustainable development patterns. (3)
Tier Three (Received votes from 2 committees)
Quantify the impacts of future and past development (2)
• Analyze the costs of sprawl before development pccurs (2)
Promote open space subdivisions, cluster development alternatives. (2)
• Focus on and integrate transportation issues with land use decision-making and economic
development (2)
• Educate legislators, elected officials, departments of transportation and decision-makers on land use/
planning issues and Chesapeake Bay Program goals. (2)
• Include federal agencies which represent land management, transportation and decision-makers on
Chesapeake Bay Program goals. (2)
Market local success stories. (2)
Obtain hard data on land use issues which can be presented in creative ways. (2)
Foster intergovernmental cooperation to achieve quality stewardship. (2)
Tier 4 (Received one vote from a committee)
Encourage redevelopment within existing infrastructure, growth should be relative to treatment
capacity. (1)
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
• Encourage higher density, compact, contiguous and mixed-use development patterns which are
ecologically, sound. (1)
• Educate the public on their local connection to the Bay. (1)
• Educational Programs should have an interdisciplinary approach and a grassroots focus. (1)
Include more local government representation. (1)
• Create forums for policy discussions. (1)
• Provide Internet access to stakeholders and communities/local government. (1)
Focus on alternative dissemination and participation pathways to reach diverse communities .(1)
• Encourage planning which considers cooperation for regional economics and development patterns.
(1)
• Promote streamlining the regulatory process for developers to reduce housing costs. (1)
• The Chesapeake Bay Program should identify and communicate a full range of flexible tools and
techniques for sustainable development standards. (1)
• Provide assistance to address urban issues (schools, safety, environmental justice). (1)
• Encourage "Brownfield" redevelopment. (1)
Suggestions for Additions:
• Promote the advancement and application of CIS systems in the Bay region that are compatible with
one another and improve our decision-making abilities both locally and cumulatively.
Link the technical and planning expertise of federal partners to communities/local governments.
• Adopt forest conservation as an Action Strategy land use objective.
• Strengthen relationships between state forestry agencies and other land management agencies, and
state representatives on the Land, Growth and Stewardship Subcommittee.
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Appendix D
Glossary of Terms
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Priorities for Action for Land, Growth and Stewardship in the Chesapeake Bay Region
Glossary of Terms
Brownfields: Abandoned or underused properties, often within existing communities, that are either
polluted or perceived to be polluted as a result of past commercial or industrial use.
Community infrastructure: Those facilities of human settlements which provide transportation,
communication, energy, water, waste disposal, sanitation, and other services.
Community visioning: Visioning is an approach to community planning that brings together asjnany
citizens and stakeholders as possible to establish a common, practical vision regarding the future of a
community.. The purpose of visioning is to establish written statements about a community's goals for the
long term. Those goals (which are a reflection of the thoughts of a broad spectrum of the community)
are intended to be used by policy-makers, local elected officials and local government staff to guide long-
range policy.
Full cost accounting: Involves determination of the total short-term and long-term cost of a project or
policy; this may include, among others, the cost of building and maintaining new roads, sewers, fire stations
and schools as well as societal and environmental costs (e.g., costs of air pollution, traffic congestion, loss
of open space or loss of natural resources).
Heritage: Something transmitted or acquired from a predecessor. Our collective features, traditions, and
culture which signify and illustrate the evolution of human settlement and resource use within the
Chesapeake Bay region.
Infill Development: Building homes, businesses and public facilities on unused or underutilized lands
within existing communities.
Land stewardship: A voluntary action taken by a landowner, land manager, government decision-maker,
business leader, citizen, or others, to meet community and economic needs without compromising the
environmental values and functions of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem for present and future generations.
Natural infrastructure; The pattern, distribution, and configuration of terrestrial, subsurface, and aquatic
resources that contribute to the ecological health of the Chesapeake Bay region through the functions (e.g.,
biological productivity, hydrologic storage, etc.), goods (e.g., food, resource-based economies etc.),
services (e.g., cleansing water and air, storing and cycling nutrients, etc.) of these systems.
Sustainable development: Integrating environmental protection, community and economic goals to meet
the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
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