Umtea Statef                Qff,c8 Qf Snvgencv &                      HW-8.18
               Env.ronmentalProrset.on         Remefl.al flesoonse                      TnlvlQflQ
               Agency '                   Wasn.nqton. oc 20460                       Y
      DESCRIPTIONS OF 52 FEDERAL  FACILITY SITES IN PROPOSED UPDATE 19
                      TO THE NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST
     This document consists of  caseriptons  of  52 Federal facility sites
proposed  in July 1989 as  update =9  to  the rational Priorities Lisc (N"PL; .
Also included  (as an addendum)  is the description of a final Federal
facility site proposed  for expansion.   Sites are arranged alphabetically.
by State and' by site name.                                      .

     The Superfund program is authorized  by the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation,  and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) ,
enacted on December 11, 1980, and the  Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act  (SARA), enacted on  October 17, 1986.  Under SARA, the
Hazardous Substances Superfund  pays the costs  not assumed by responsible
parties for cleaning up hazardous waste sites  or emergencies that threaten
public health, welfare, or thi  environment.  The Superfund program is
managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

     Section 120(a) of  SARA requires that Federal facilities be subject
to and comply with CERCLA in the same  manner as any nongovernmental
entity.  CERCLA Section lll(e)(3), however, generally prohibits use of
Superfund dollars for. long-term "remedial action" at Federally-owned
facilities.

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1985
                            EIELSOJ AIR FORCE BASE
                     Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska

    Eielson Air Force Base covers  19,790 acres in Fairbanks riorth Star
Borough, approximately 24 miles  southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska.  Since its
establishment in 1944, its primary mission has been to provide tactical support
to the Alaskan Air Command.

    Within its boundaries, Eielson contains closed and active unlined landfills
extending into ground water,  shallow trenches where weathered tank sludge was
buried, a drum storage area,  and other disposal or spill areas.

    Eielson Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program- (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials.  IRP tests  have found lead, arsenic, chromium, copper,
nickel, and zinc in soil in the  drum storage area, as well as trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene (trans)- and  lead  above the Federal primary drinking water
standard in shallow on-site monitoring wells.  An estimated 9,000 people
obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the
base.                                  .

    Surface water within 3 miles downs lope of hazardous substances at the base
is used for fishing.  The base is  in the floodplain of the Tanana River.

    The Air Force is developing  a  workplan for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the base
and identify alternatives for remedial action.  The workplan is scheduled to
be completed in the fall of 1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                           ELMENDORF AIR FORCE BASE
                    Greater Anchorage Area Borough,  Alaska

    Eljmendorf Air Force Base  covers  13,100 acres  in the Greater Anchorage Area
Borough immediately north of  Anchorage,  Alaska.   The base is bounded to the
west by Knik Arm of the Ccok  Inlet,  and  to the east by Fort Richardson Arnry
Base.  Ship Creek flows along the southern perimeter.   In operation since 1940,
this base now hosts the 21st  Tactical Fighter  Wing.

    Elmendorf is participating  in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate and clean up contamination  from  hazardous materials.   As
part of IRP studies, the Air  Force identified  12  areas where hazardous
materials had been generated, stored, used, or disposed of.   All  require
further investigation.

    Initially, the Air Force  focused on  five areas.  In the past, landfills
D-5 (now closed) and D-7 (still active)  received  a variety of hazardous wastes,
including lead acid batteries and waste  solvents.   The landfills, unlined and
unbermed, are-in sandy and gravelly  soils.  Shop  wastes, including solvents and
paint thinners, were disposed of in  a naturally occurring unlined trench
designated as Site D-17.  Site  IS-1  is where fuel in Building 42-400 spilled
into floor drains that feed into gravel-bottom dry wells.   The last of the five
areas included in the initial investigation is site SP5, where approximately
60,000 gallons of aviation fuel JP-4 spilled,  of  which only 33,000 gallons were
recovered.

    During IRP activities in  1983-87, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene,
1,l,2,2-tetrachloroethylene,  trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and lead were detected  in  on-site monitoring wells.   An
estimated 121,000 Elmendorf employees and residents of Anchorage  obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous  substances  on the base.

    EPA is reviewing the Air  Force's workplan  for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine  the type  and extent of  contamination at the base
and identify alternatives for remedial action.  The final workplan is expected
to be completed in the fall of  1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 198G

                             PORT WMNWRIGfl?
                   Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska

    Fort Wainwright, in Fairbanks North Star Borough near Fairbanks,  Alaska,
was established in 1947.  Its primary mission'is to  train soldiers and-test
equipment in arctic conditions.  Industrial operations  primarily involve
maintenance of aircraft and vehicles.

    Fort Wainwright consists of a cantonment area  (4,473 acres)  on the eastern
border of Fairbanks, a range complex  (8,825 acres),  and two maneuver  areas
 (898,306 acres).  Among contaminated areas on^the cantonment area is  a 50-acre
sanitary landfill that has received waste oil,'  waste fuel, spent solvents,
paint residues, and fuel tank sludge since the  mid-1950s.   The landfill is an
unlined unbermed area which is  built up higher  than  the surrounding terrain.   A
second contaminated area is the proposed North  Family Housing Area, which is
3,500 feet from the landfill.   The Army used the area for storage of  petroleum
products, solvents, and other chemicals and for disposal of power plant ash and
slag, which contain heavy metals such as chromium and mercury.

    Fort Wainwright is participating in the Installation .Restoration  Program
 (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials.  In 1985 and 1986, as part of IRP studies, lead and chromium were
detected in monitoring wells at the landfill; in 1987,  chromium and
tetrahydrofuran were detected in monitoring wells at the proposed housing area,
and chromium was detected in soil.  An estimated 11,000 people,  including the
entire population at Fort Wainwright  (10,900 people), obtain drinking water
from wells within 3'miles of hazardous substances on the fort.

    The Chena River is used for sport fishing within 3  miles downstream.

    The Army is developing a workplan for a remedial investigation/feasibility
study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the fort and
 identify alternatives for remedial action.  The workplan is expected  to be
completed in the fall of 1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

               STONDARD STEEL & METAL SALVAGE YARD (USDOT)
                            Anchorage, Alaska

    The Standard steel & Metal  Salvage Yard covers 6.2 acres in a heavily
industrialized area of Anchorage,  Alaska.  The Federal Railroad.
Administration, part of  the U.S. Department of Transportation (USCCT),
acquired the land  in the.1920s.

    Since 1972, the land has been  leased to several different recyclers whose
activities included reclamation of PCB-contaminated electrical transformers,
processing of various types of  equipment and  drums from nearby military bases,
and salvaging of assorted batteries.  In November  1982,  the land was leased to
Standard Steel & Metals, which  subsequently filed  for bankruptcy, although.it
is still operating.

    In May 1987, EPA detected high levels of  lead  and PCBs  and lower levels of
tetrachloroethylene in on-site  ground water.   Over 121,000  people obtain drinking
water from wells within  3 miles of the site.

  .  In November 1985, EPA detected low levels of PCBs in sediment of nearby Ship
Creek, which is used for sport  fishing.

   ' Using CERCLA emergency funds,  EPA has conducted removal actions at  the site
during the summer  seasons starting in 1986.   EPA removed surface wastes —
including an estimated 8,500 batteries, 175 transformers, 1,100 drums,  3 bulk
storage tanks, assorted containers, and metal debris—and transported the materials
to EPA-regulated disposal facilities.  Work during the 1988 season completed the
removal action .by  securing-the  site in preparation for long-term cleanup.  EPA's
1988 activities included sealing the soil surface  in the most highly contaminated
areas, removing the remaining containers of hazardous materials, and reworking
and strengthening  the security  fence.

    EPA plans to negotiate for  further cleanup with parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated  with the site.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                             LUKE AIR FORCE BASE
                              Glendale, Arizona

     Luke Air Force Base occupies 4,198 acres  in Glendale, Maricopa County,
 Arizona, 13 milas west of downtown Phoenix.   The base  is  located  within the
 Sonovan Desert and rests on a broad alluvium-filled valley within the western
 portion of Phoenix Basin.  Industrial-type operations  started  in  1941.   Until
 1946, these operations and related wastes were comparatively small.   After a
 period of deactivation, the base resumed, operations in 1951.   During, the 1950s,
 larger quantities of wastes were generated as a result of.expanded maintenance
 required for the new jet aircraft assigned to -the base.

     Luke.Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
 Program .(IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978,  the Department of
 Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
 hazardous materials.  Under IRP, the Air Force has identified  a number of
 potentially contaminated areas, including five where hazardous wastes were
 disposed of.

     At the Waste Treatment Annex (Site No. 2), a small quantity of low-level
 radioactive electron tubes, believed to be encased in  concrete, was  buried in a
 pit 12 feet deep in 1956.

     The Perimeter Road Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants  (POL) Waste Application
 Site  (Site No. 4)  was used during approximately 1951-70.  POL  wastes were
 spread on the dirt'road around the runway at  the western portion  of  the base.
 The majority of the wastes consisted of contaminated JP-4 fuel, with some
 diesel fuel, waste engine oils, and waste solvents.  Among the substances that
 may have been included were methyl ethyl ketone, trichloroethane, trichloro-
 ethylene, toluene, cresylie acid, o-dichlorobenzene, phenolic  paint  strippers,
 acetone, and paint residues and thinners.

     The POL Waste Disposal Trench Site (Site  No. 5) was used during  about
 1970-72.  POL wastes were disposed of in numerous trenches approximately 1.5
 feet deep and in a shallow lagoon at the northeast corner of the  site.

     The South Fire Department Training Area  (Site No.  6) was used during 1941-
 46, and again during approximately 1951-63.   POL wastes were poured  onto old
 aircraft or simulated aircraft in a cleared,  bermed area and then set on fire.

     The North Fire Department Training Area  (Site No.  7) was used during
 approximately 1963-73.  The disposal method was similar to Site No.  6.   In
 November 1983, eight water supply wells on the base were sampled  as  part of
 IRP.  Analysis indicated that two of the wells had low levels  of  2-dichloro-
 ethane and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene.  Soil  near one  of the wells contained
 1,2-dichloroetnane.  An estimated 10,400 people obtain drinking water from base
 and private wells within 3 miles, of hazardous substances on the base.

    The Air Force has completed an initial assessment of the base, and its
 contractor is now conducting a remedial investigations/feasibility study to
 determine the type and extent of contamination and identify alternatives for
 remedial action.

 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,.and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                            WILLIAMS AIR FORCE BASE
                               Chandler, Arizona

    Williams Air Force Ease  (WAFB) covers 4,127 acres approxiinately  30 miles
southeast of Phoenix, Arizona, in Maricopa County, near Chandler.  The base  is
surrounded by irrigated farmland or desert.  Since the base was constructed  in
1941, it lias served as a training facility, primarily pilot training.
Industrial activities at WAFB have included heavy maintenance of  aircraft  and
ground equipment in support of pilot training.

    WAFB is participating in the Installation  Restoration Program (IRP).   Under
this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.  As part of
IRP, the Air Force has identified a number of  potentially contaminated areas,
including Fire Protection Training Area No.. 2, which covers approximately  8.5
acres near the southern boundary- of the base.  Prior to 1948, the area was used
as a parking apron.  From 1948 until the late  1960s, it was an  unlined pit
where .large quantities of the combustible liquid waste generated  at  WAFB were
burned as part of fire training.  Any flammable materials remaining  infiltrated
the soil or evaporated.  These materials included waste fuels,  oils, lubricants,
cleaning solvents, and some paint stripper.  Starting in 1983,  a  concrete  liner was
installed under the burn pits; however, overflow is still allowed to seep  into the
ground.  In September 1986, an Air Force contractor found lead  in soil, and  in
March 1987" found lead in monitoring wells on the base.

    The Southwest Drainage System (SWDS) has operated since the base was
constructed in 1941.  It received plating shop rinse water containing chromium,
cadmium, and copper; aircraft washing wastes consisting of methyl ethyl ketone,
toluene, polyurethane, paint thinners, and sludges; fuel; lubricants; hydraulic
fluid; and.spills from flight line and maintenance operations.  SWDS soil  samples
taken in October 1984 contained lead, chromium, and cadmium.  SWDS drains  into a
storm water retention pond in the southwest corner of the base.   In  1988,  the Air
Force installed a concrete lining in part of SWDS.  WAFB housing  is  within 100 feet
of SWDS.

    A 34-acre landfill in the southwest corner of the base operated  during
1941-76, accepting primarily trash and garbage.  However, unknown quantities  of
hazardous waste were dumped along with the household wastes.  In  April 1987,  lead
and cadmium were detected in monitoring wells, including one between the landfill
and SWDS and adjacent to the pond that received SWDS wastes.

    WAFB has four wells that supply drinking water to an estimated 3,400
employees.  One of the wells is 1,500 feet from the contaminated  well at the
landfill.

    The Air Force has completed an initial assessment of the base and has
developed a workplan for a remedial investigation/feasibility study  to determine
the type and extent of'contamination and identify alternatives  for remedial action.
Field investigations are underway.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                        BARSTOW MARINE CORPS  LOGISTICS BASE
                                 Barstow,  California

    The Barstow Marine Corps Logistics Base is in San Bernardino County,
California.  It is  in the Kbjave Desert and adjacent to the Mojave River.  A
portion of the base, the 1,568-acre Nebo  Area, is approximately 1 mile east of
the City of Barstow.  It lias been  used for maintenance, repair, and rebuilding
of supplies and equipment for  the  Marine  Corps since 1942.   Solvent wastes,
including trichloroethylene  (TCE), were apparently generated in substantial
quantities in the Nebo Area facility.   Due to the lack of records, the
quantities of solvents used, stored and discharged on-site are unknown.  Hie
same activities were conducted at  the  1,681-acre Yermo Area, 6 miles east of
Nebo.

    Barstow Marine  Corps Logistics Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP). • Under  this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify,  investigate, and clean up
contamination from  hazardous materials.

    Monitoring wells at both Nebo  and  Yerbo are contaminated with TCE,
according to tests  conducted in 1984-85 as part of IRP studies and by the U.S.
Geological Survey.  Public wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the
base supply drinking water to  an estimated- 28,700 residents of the City of
Barstow and outlying areas.

    The Marine Corps has completed an  initial assessment/site inspection and
is planning a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type
and extent of contamination and identify-alternatives for remedial action at
both the Nebo. and Yermo areas.   An activated  carbon system for treating
contaminated drinking water wells  at Yerbo is scheduled to be installed in July
1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                          CAMP PENDLETCN MARINE CORPS BASE
                            San Diego County, California

    The Camp Pendleton Marine Corps  Ease encompasses approximately  125,000
acres in San Diego County, California.  The  installation  is  bordered by the
City of San Clemente 'to the north, the City  of Oceanside  to  the  south,  and the
City of Fallbrook to the east.  The  base has served as  a  training base  since
its establishment in 1941.  Industrial and other support  operations have
generated hazardous wastes, including waste  oils, contaminated fuels and other
petroleum products, cleaning  solvents, and pesticide rinsate.

    Camp Pendleton is participating  in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department  of  Defense
seeks to identify, investigate., and  clean up contamination from  hazardous
materials.  As part of IRP studies,  the Navy identified a number of potentially
contaminated areas, including eight  areas where wastes  containing DDT,
heptachlor, 2,4-T, lindane, zinc, lead, trichloroethylene, methyl ethyl ketone,
benzene, and xylene had been  deposited.

   .Ground water is shallow,  averaging 7-14  feet deep,  and soils are
permeable, conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants into ground
water.  The 40,000 people living  and working on the base  obtain  drinking water
from wells within 3 miles, of  hazardous substances on the  base.   The nearest
well is within 1,320 feet of  one  of  the disposal areas.   To  date, no
contaminants have been detected in the camp's water supply.

    The San Margarita River,  Las  Flores Creek, and  San  Mateo Creek  empty into
coastal wetlands within 2 miles of Camp Pendleton.   Surface  waters  within 3
miles downstream are used for recreational activities.  Critical habitats for
three birds designated as endangered by the.  U.S. Fish and Wildlife  Service are
within 1 mile of the camp.

    The Marine Corps has completed a site inspection and  is  about to start
planning for a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type
and extent of contamination at the base and  identify alternatives for remedial
action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                               EDWARDS AIR FORCE EASE
                               Kern County,  California

     Edwards Air Force  Base (EAFB)  is in Kern, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino
 Counties, California,  occupying approximately 800 square miles in the western
 portion of the Mojave  Desert.   The base has been in operation since 1933.  Its '
 primary mission is to  conduct research and development on ne// aircraft.

     EAFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (ISP).
 Under this program,, established in 1978, the Department, of Defense seeks to
 identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
 Under IRP, the Air Force has identified 21  waste areas at the facility.  Of
 these, 6 are  active, and 15 have been cleaned up and require no further action,
 according to  the Air Force. .  Investigation has focused on the Main/South Base
 area, the North Base area, and the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory area.

     The Main/South Ease area, at the western edge of Rogers Dry Lake, is the
 primary area  for maintenance and refueling of aircraft.  On several occasions,
 large amounts of fuel  have been spilled in the area, and poor disposal
 practices have released organic solvents to the ground.  Also in the area are
 an abandoned  sanitary  landfill containing pesticides and heavy metals, an area
 where electroplating wastes were dumped, and the industrial waste pond, which
 contains sediments rich in heavy metals.

     On the North Base  area, 5 miles to the northeast of the Main Base area, is
 a drum storage area -at the north end of Rogers Dry Lake, and three unlined
 surface impoundments into which wastes were poured during the 1960s and 1970s.
.Contaminants  include waste oils, solvents,  and nitric acid generated primarily
 by the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory.
                                    /
     Trichloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane,'
 tetrachloroethylene, and methylene chloride are present in ground water
 underlying the Main/South Base area, according to a 1987 IRP report.  EAFB's
 13,800 employees obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the
 Main/South Base area.   Contaminants at the North Base area could migrate
 downwards and reach ground water that serves the 1,300 residents of North
 Edwards.

     There is  no perennial surface water at EAFB.

     The Air Force has  completed an initial assessment of-the base and is now
 conducting a  remedial  investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
 extent of contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                                    FORT ORD
                               Marina, California

    Fort Ord covers 45  square vniles on Mcr.tarey Bay approximately 5.6 miles
north of Monterey, Monterey County, California.  The installation is bordered
by the City of Marina and the Salinas River to the north,  El Toro Creek to the
east, Seaside and Del Rey Oaks to the south,'  and Monterey Bay to the west.

    Fort Ord was established in  1917  as  a maneuver area and field artillery
target range for units  then stationed at the  Presidio of Monterey.   Its. primary
mission now is training.  Industrial  operations at Fort Ord include a battery
charging/repair facility, photographic processing  laboratories,  spray painting
operations, a plastics  shop, laundry/dry cleaning  facilities,  vehicle wash
racks, and a small 'arms repair shop.   The chemicals used in these operations
are stored and the wastes generated are  disposed of throughout Fort Ord.

    According to tests  conducted by the  Army  in 1986,  ground water off-base is
contaminated at significant levels.   The contamination is emanating from the
base and may be contaminating the. drinking  water supplies of the City of
Marina; however, the  exact location of the  source  has not yet been identified.
The contaminants include  carbon  tetrachloride,  tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene.  An
estimated 38,600 people obtain drinking  water from wells within 3 miles of
hazardous substances  on the fort.  Ground water is also used for irrigation.
In addition, soil is  contaminated at  the Fire Drill Area,  where approximately
600 gallons- of petroleum  products have been spilled.   Fort Ord has identified
at least 18 other contamination  problems, including lead1 in one landfill area.

    Fort Ord is participating in the  Installation  Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established  in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate,  and clean up contamination  from hazardous materials.  As
part of IRP, the Army is  implementing a  sampling plan to investigate ground
water contamination.  A remedial action  plan  for the contaminated Fire Drill
Area is under development.  It calls  for construction of a system to pump
ground water to the surface and  treat it to remove contamination.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1988


                              GEORGE  AIR FORCE BASE
                            .Victorville, California
     George Air Force Base  (GAFB) occupies  5,347  acres in the Mojave Desert
region near Victorville, San Bernardino County, California.   It was established.
in 1943 to conduct tactical fighter operations and provide training for
aircraft and maintenance personnel.   Industrial operations,  including
maintenance of aircraft and ground support  equipment,  involved use and disposal
of solvents.

    GAFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
this program, established in 1978-, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.   During IRP
tests conducted between March and May 1986, the Air Force discovered
trichloroethylene  (ICE) in ground water on  and off -the base.   Private wells
off-base are contaminated by low levels of  chloroform  and methylene chloride.
Soil also contains chloroform.  The northeast section  of GAFB, used for
disposal of solvents, appears to be one source of the  contamination, although
several other areas on the base are also  suspected of  contributing to the
contamination.  In addition to TCE, benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane were
detected in on-base monitoring wells  at levels that exceed State and Federal
drinking water standards.  An estimated 11,000 GAFB residents obtain drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.

    GAFB has installed additional wells to  determine the extent of TCE
contamination.  Remedial action is planned  to recover, treat, and dispose of
contaminated ground water.  The California  Regional Water Quality Control Board
is reviewing GAFB's workplan for these activities.  GAFB is in the process of.
contracting'for the remedial action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the             .
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

           LAWRENCE LIVERM3RE NATIONAL LABORATORY (SITE 300)  (USDOE)
                            Livermore, California

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLML)  (Site 300)  covers
approximately 2.75 square miles nortli of Corral Hollow  Road near the  City of
Livermore, California, straddling  the Alameda/San Joaquin County line.   Tie
area is rural.  LLNL was first owned by the Atomic Energy Commission,  and is'now
owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE)  and operated by the University
of California.  The main LLNL .site, located 15  miles  west of  Site 300,  was
placed on the NHL in July 1987.

    Site 300's primary mission since its inception in 1955 has been to  test
high explosives.  It has also operated a number of solid waste landfills,
accepting waste from the LLNL main site, Site  300, and  Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratory.  Land disposal ceased  at Site 300  in  November 1988.-  Site 300 also
formerly maintained a number of waste lagoons  and dry wells for the disposal of
liquid wastes and waste waters.  The dry wells have been removed from service,
and the lagoons have been replaced by two double-lined  surface impoundments.
The lagoons are scheduled to be capped in the  summer  of 1989.

    Tests conducted in 1983 by an  LLNL contractor detected trichloroethylene
(TCE), trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in on-site
monitoring wells.  Soil is also contaminated.   These  chlorinated hydrocarbons
are found in. the vicinity of Buildings 834, 830,  and  817 and  Pit 5.   The
highest concentrations are of TCE  near Building 834. . TCE is  used as  a cooling
and heating agent to test the stability of'various high explosive compounds
and is stored near Building 834 for distribution  through aboveground  piping.   A
leak was suspected as the source of soil and ground water contamination.
Approximately 350 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of
Site 300, most of them on Site 300 itself.          .

    During 1983 and 1984, T.TL observed increases  in tritium concentrations in
shallow monitoring wells downgradient from experimental and waste disposal
areas in the west firing area of Site 300.  The shallow aquifer is not a
present or potential source of drinking water.

    The State has issued a draft Cleanup and Abatement  Order,  and EPA. has
issued a corrective action order under Section 3008(h)  of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.  In the summer  of  1989,  USDOE  plans to complete
a feasibility study identifying alternatives for  cleanup at Site 300.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                             MARCH AIR FORCE BASE
                            Riverside,  California

    March Mr Force Base  (MAFB) covers  approximately 7,000 acres near Riverside
in the Moreno Valley in Riverside County,  California.  MAFB is adjacent to
light industrial,  agricultural, and  residential areas.   Established in. 1918 as
the Alessandro Aviation Field,  MAFB  has served as a training base and refueling
operations base.   Industrial operations (including aircraft maintenance and
repair) involved use of solvents  and disposal of solvent wastes.

    MAFB is participating  in the  Installation Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
this program, established  in 1978, the Department-of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up  contamination from hazardous  substances.  As part of
IRP, the Air Force investigated 38 potentially contaminated disposal areas.
MAFB Well No. 1 on-base was found to be contaminated with trichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene, 'and cis-l,2-dichloroethylene at levels that exceed State
drinking water standards.  It was taken out  of service.   Soils on the base are
contaminated with  toluene  and benzene.   An estimated 11,600 people obtain
drinking water from municipal wells  within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
MAFB.

    The Air Force  is conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of  contamination at the base and identify
alternatives for remedial  action..
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
                            • TRACY DEFENSE DEPOT
                              Tracy, California

    The Tracy Defense Depot covers 443 acres 1.5 miles southwest of Tracy,  San
Joaquin County, California.  The area around the depot is primarily grassland and
agricultural.   The site was an Army Supply Depot from when it was activated in
1942 until 1963, when it was turned over to the Defense Logistics Agency.   In the
course of depot operations, supplies are stored and issued, and several  industrial
activities are carried out.  Special operations include repacking leaking chemical
containers, fumigation of shipping materials, vehicle maintenance, painting,
storage of chemicals, derusting and preserving of metal parts, operation of
chemical and photographic laboratories, storage and mixing of pesticides,  and
storage and treatment of liquid and solid wastes.

    Liquid waste treatment/storage areas include two unlined sewage effluent
ponds, two abandoned sewage lagoons, two lined industrial waste water ponds,.an
abandoned paint spraying/stripping rinse water pond, an abandoned trench where
150 drums of lubricating oil reportedly were buried, an unlined pond for holding
storm water, an abandoned pesticide disposal trench, an abandoned area where
substantial amounts of formaldehyde were buried, and above-ground and below-ground
waste tanks.  Also, liquid wastes were formerly stored on-site in an unpaved
storage area,  and hazardous materials (including solvents, radiological
commodities, medical supplies, and solid and liquid chemicals) were disposed of in
three burning pits.

    Former solid waste treatment/storage areas include a fill area where food
items were buried, a fill area where construction material was buried, and three
impoundments where wastes containing mercury phosphate compounds were stored.
Currently, all solid hazardous waste is hauled off-site to facilities regulated
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act,

    Tracy Defense Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials;
According to IRP tests conducted in 1985, the shallow aquifer below the  site, which
extends. from 15 feet to 250 feet below the surface, is contaminated with
trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene.  The water in the aquifer, however,  is
generally too saline for most uses.  Municipal, private, and irrigation  wells are
within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the depot.  Water from Tracy's municipal
well, which is within 3 miles of the site, is blended with water from other wells
and from Delta Mendota Canal to provide drinking water to an estimated 28,600
people.
                                               *
    The Defense Logistics Agency is conducting a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the depot  '
and identify alternatives for remedial action.  The work is scheduled to be
completed in mid-1990.  The State is reviewing the depot's proposal to undertake an
interim remedial measure involving pumping out contaminated ground water and
treating it to remove the contamination.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                             TRAVIS AIR FORCE BASE
                           Solano County, California

    Travis Air Force Base covers 5,025 acres in Solano County, California.   The
base is 3 miles east of the City of Fairfield.  The area around  the base is
primarily agricultural.  Established in 1943, the base, is near one of  the
largest and busiest bases in the Military Airlift Command.  It consists  largely
of runways and related installations.  Industrial operations  include various
shops where aircraft conponents were cleaned with solvents.

    Travis Air Force Base is participating  in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the  Department  of
Defense seeks to Identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials.  As part of IRP, the Air Force has identified a number of
potentially contaminated areas, including three landfills used during  1943-77,
of which one  (Landfill No. 3) was used for  disposal of crushed and rinsed
pesticide containers, as well as the rinsate; areas where combustible  wastes
were burned for fire fighting exercises from 1943 to the mid-1970s; a  pit where
about 250 pounds of cyanide were buried in  about 1967; a solvent spill area
where methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and tetraethylene glycol  dimethyl  ether may
have been spilled during paint stripping operations; and the  storm sewer
system, one of the most contaminated portions of the base, where chemical
wastes from the various shops were dumped throughout the history of the  base.

    Endrin., benzene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,1-
dichloroethane were detected in monitoring  wells in different parts of the
base, according to a 1986 IRP report.  An estimated 400 people obtain  drinking
water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base, the
nearest well is .3,400 feet from the base.

    1,1,1-Trichloroethane, benzene, chlorobenzene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane,
and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene were detected in the storm sewers, according to
the 1986 IRP report, and chlorobenzene was  detected" in Union  Creek, which is
routed through the base via the storm drain system.  Union Creek flows 1.1
miles to Hill Slough, which  is a branch of  Suisun Marsh, a major coastal
wetland.  Because Hill Slough is tidally influenced, any contamination can
reach San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean.  Suisun Marsh  is  widely used for
various recreational activities and is a major stop for migratory birds  on the
Pacific Flyway.

    The Air Force has completed an initial  assessment of the  base and  is
currently working on a remedial investigation/feasibility study  (RI/FS)  to
determine the type and extent of contamination and identify alternatives for
remedial action.  The RI/FS report, scheduled to be released  in  the summer of
1989, was delayed to permit further investigation into the cause of a  "swelling
affliction" noted in horses and in humans in contact with horses in a  grazing
area of the base.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                    TREASURE ISLAND NAVAL STAnOShHUNTERS POINT ANNEX
                                   San Francisco,  California

    Hunters Point Annex of Treasure Island Naval  Station,  formerly the Hunters
Point Naval Shipyard, encoirpasses  936 acres  (522  acres dry land and 414 acres
submerged in San Francisco Bay)  in the southeast  corner of San Francisco,
California.  Established in  1869,  the shipyard was the first privately owned
dry dock  on the Pacific Coast.   The Navy first used the installation in 1919 to
construct, maintain, and repair ships and in 1941 purchased it from Bethlehem
Steel Co.  Triple A Machine  Shop leased the  facility from the Navy during
1976-87,  subleasing numerous buildings to private tenants.   The Navy regained
possession of the shipyard from Triple A in  1987, but continues .the
subleasing.  Operations of the  facility over many decades generated a wide
variety of solid and liquid  wastes, including paints, solvents, fuels, acids,
bases, metals, PCBs, and asbestos.

    Hunters Point Annex  is participating in  the Installation Restoration
Program  (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and  clean up contamination from
hazardous materials.  The Navy  has identified a number of potentially
contaminated areas, including Industrial Landfill, Bay Fill Area, Pickling and
Plating Yard, Battery and Electroplating Shop, Old Transformer Storage Yard,
Power Plant, Oil Reclamation Ponds, Tank Farm, numerous spill areas, and areas
leased by Triple A. The landfill  and spill  areas were unlined or undiked to
•control migration of contaminants  to ground  water.  Wastes and waste water were
directly  discharged into San Francisco Bay.  •

    Benzene, PCBs,  toluene,  and phenols have been detected in on-site ground
water in  IRP tests  conducted in 1987.  A bottling company draws ground water
from springs within 3 miles  of  hazardous substances on the annex.  The company
serves 19,000 people.

    Sediments contain elevated  levels of'heavy metals and polyaromatic hydro-
carbons.   Area surface waters are  used for recreational activities, commercial
navigation, and fishing.

    The Navy is continuing IRP  studies and has undertaken some interim cleanup
measures.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1285

                            AIR FORCE PLANT PJKS
                             Waterton, Colorado

    Air Force Plant PJKS covers 464 acres in the foothills of the Rocky
Mountains, northwest of Waterton, Jefferson County, Colorado, approximately 20
miles south-southwest of Denver.  Since 1957, the plant has assembled missiles
(Titan T, II, and III), tested engines, and conducted research and development.
Chlorinated organic solvents were frequently used to clean equipment  and
piping, and fuels containing hydrazine were developed, purified,  and  tested in
support of the Titan III program.

    The site is surrounded by an approximately 5,200-acre tract of land owned
by the Martin Marietta Co., which was proposed for the NPL in September 1985 as
Martin Marietta  (Denver Aerospace).  Since 1956, Martin Marietta  has  developed
missiles and missile components for the Air Force.  Its production, testing,
and storage facilities are located southeast of and at a lower elevation than
the Air Force property.

      Air Force Plant PJKS is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IMP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials.  As part of IRP, the Air Force has investigated  a number
of potentially contaminated areas on the plant, including these five:   the
Deluge Containment Pond, a 2-million-gallon concrete-lined surface impoundment
that receives water potentially contaminated with hydrazine from  rocket engine
testing; D-l landfill, which accepted construction debris, household  wastes,
and unspecified chemical wastes until 1974, when it was closed and covered; and
three areas where hydrazine-contaminated water and tricnloroethylene  (TCE)  were
spilled.  Monitoring wells near the contaminated areas contain TCE,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and Freon 113, according to IRP tests conducted in 1988.
Denver's Kassler Water Treatment Plant maintains two shallow wells 1.8 miles
from contaminated monitoring wells.  Water from the wells was previously
blended with other water sources for distribution to the Denver Water
Department's more than 1 million customers.  Because of the potential for
contamination and other reasons, the Kassler plant and the two wells  have not
been used for routine production of drinking water since 1986, but are
maintained on an emergency standby basis.

    The 1986 tests also identified TCE and cis-l,2-dichloroethylene in Brush
Creek, which flows from the plant 1.8 stream miles to the South Platte River.
The South Platte is used for recreational activities.
                *

    Sludge dredged from the containment pond was piled directly on the ground.
Because the piles', which contain chromium, are uncovered, sediment can be
washed into Brush Creek.

    As part, of IRP activities, the Air Force has prepared a draft remedial
investigation/feasibility study, which determines the type and extent of
contamination at the plant and identifies alternatives for remedial action.
EPA is reviewing the draft report.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                         CECIL FIELD NAVAL AIR STATION!
                             Jacksonville,  Florida

    The Cecil Field Naval Air Station covers  20,099 acres  in rural southwest
Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida.  Established  in  1941,  the facility is now
composed of Cecil Field Proper  (9,516 acres),  Yellow  water Weapons Area (8,091
acres), and the Outlying Landing Field  (2,492  acres).  Cecil Field's mission is
to provide facilities,  services, and material  support for  the operation and
maintenance of naval weapons and aircraft  for  the  Sea Based Antisubmarine
Warfare Wings, Atlantic.  Tasks performed  at this  facility include operation of
fuel depots, maintenance and repair of  aircraft and engines, and special
weapons support.

  .  Cecil Field is participating in the Installation  Restoration Program
(IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the  Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean  up contamination from hazardous
materials.  As part of  IRP, the Navy in July  1985  identified 18 disposal areas
located throughout the  base, including  landfills,  lagoons,  waste.piles, burn •
areas, and spill areas.  The majority of them received spent solvents,  paint
wastes, and wastes containing chromium  and lead.   Both soil and water in the
surface and subsurface  were.potentially contaminated.  The Navy then set up a
program of soil and water sampling for  10  of the disposal  areas.   During this
program, a 19th disposal area was discovered.      .    .

    Three aquifers underlie Cecil Field:   the  surficial, which is used
primarily for irrigation and fire fighting; the intermediate or "shallow
rock," which supplies water to an estimated 2.,200  people via private wells
within 3 miles of the disposal areas; and  the  Floridan, which is the major
water source for Cecil  Field.  The private wells are  threatened because no
continuous clay layer has been found above the shallow rock aquifer.

    The major bodies of surface water on Cecil Field  are Yellow Water Creek, and
its tributaries, Caldwell Branch, Sal Taylor Creek, and Rowell Creek, which is
dammed to form Lake Fretwell.  Fresh water wetlands are within 450 feet of one
of the disposal areas.

    The Navy plans to conduct further site investigations  of releases and
contaminant migration under a permit issued under  Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act and incorporating corrective action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                            HOMESTEAD AIR FORCE BASE
                               Homestead, Florida

    Homestead Air Force Base is in Bade County, approximately  25  miles
southwest of Miami and 7 miles east of Homestead, Florida.  The facility
encompasses 2,916 acres with additional easements-of 429 acres.   The  area
around the base  is agricultural and residential.  The base has jurisdiction
over several remote annexes, but there is little evidence that hazardous
substances have been disposed of at those locations.

    The base was activated in September 1942 and initially was operated by the
Army Air Transport Command.  'After extensive hurricane damage  in  1945,  the base
was turned over to Bade County, which used  it for small commercial  and  indus-
trial operations.  In 1953, the Mr Force acquired the base and rebuilt it.

    Wastes have been disposed of on-site since the facility's  inception.   A
landfill was operated in the 1940s, but little is known about  this  operation.  .
During Dade County's ownership, electroplating operations were conducted on the
site, and plating wastes containing heavy metals and cyanides  were  allegedly
disposed of directly on the ground.

    After the Air Force assumed control in  1953, hazardous substances were .
disposed of in Fire Training Area 3, which  was unlined and had no system to
collect residual fluids, and the Residual Pesticide Disposal Area.  Several
spills also occurred, including one of PCBs from an electrical transformer.

    Homestead Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department  of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination  from
hazardous materials.  IRP studies have detected high concentrations of  ethyl
ether in ground water throughout and downgradient of Fire Training  Area 3.
Approximately 5,500 gallons of ethyl ether  were disposed of in the  area in
January 1984.  The Biscayne Aquifer, which  underlies the site, has  been
designated as a  sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act.   An
estimated 1,600 people obtain drinking water and 18,000 acres  of  farmland are
irrigated from wells into the aquifer and within 3 miles of the hazardous
substances on the site.

    The base is surrounded by a perimeter canal, which discharges into
Military Canal and ultimately into Biscayne Bay 2 miles to the west.

    The Air Force plans further investigations of releases of  hazardous
substances and their migration under the IRP and a permit issued  under  Subtitle
C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and incorporating corrective
action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                         JACKSONVILLE NAVAL AIR STATION  •
                             Jacksonville, Florida

    The Jacksonville Naval Air Station  (WAS)  is in southwestern Duval County,
in Jacksonville, Florida.  WAS occupies approximately 6 square  miles on the
shore of the St. Johns River near the headwaters of the Ortega  River.   The
area around the station  is cc-nmercial and residential.   Since 1940,  NAS's
primary mission has been to provide services  and materials to support aviation
activities.

    NAS is participating in the  Installation  Restoration Program  (IRP).  Under
this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from  hazardous  materials.  As part of
IRP, the Navy used historical records, aerial photographs, field  inspections,
and personnel interviews to identify at least 40 potentially contaminated areas
within the facility boundaries,  including landfills, storage areas,  lagoons,
and spills.  Wastes handled include waste solvents, oil and fuel,  paint wastes,
aqueous wastes containing heavy  metals, acids,  caustics, cyanide,  paint
stripper wastes containing chlorinated solvents and phenolics,  radium paint
wastes, and waste from medical radiological programs.

    In August and September 1983, a Navy contractor sampled soils  and shallow
ground water.  Contaminants identified included trichloroethylene, 1,1-
dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, PCBs,  cadmium,
chromium, lead, copper, and mercury.  The potential exists for  contaminated
ground water to migrate off-site and endanger local water supplies.   Private
wells into shallow ground water  within 3 miles  of hazardous substances at the
site provide drinking water to an estimated 300 people.

    Hazardous waste was deposited directly into the St.  Johns River  on NAS.  A
1986 IRP report indicates that lead, chromium,  and cadmium were found in the
river, which is used for recreational activities within 3 miles downstream of
NAS.  Fresh water wetlands and critical habitats for the Florida manatee and
the bald eagle, both designated  as endangered species by the U.S.  Fish and
Wildlife Service, are on NAS.

    The Navy has taken interim measures to control runoff of oil and solvents
from the old main dump into St.  Johns River.  The Navy  also plans  further
investigation of releases of hazardous substances and their migration under a
permit issued under Subtitle C of the Resource  Conservation and Recovery Act
and incorporating corrective action.
 'U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                         PENSACQLA NAVAL AIR S35VTICN
                              Pensacola, Florida

    The Pensacola Naval Air  Station  (MAS)  covers approximately 6,500 acres on a
peninsula in southern  Escanbia County,  southwest of the  City of Pensacola,
Florida.  MAS is bounded on  the north by Bayou Grande and on the east and south
by Pensacola Bay.  MAS has been an industrial operations center since the early
1800s.  Based at the station are various housing, training,  and support
activities, as well  as the Naval Air  Rework Facility (NARF), a large industrial
complex for the repair and overhaul of  aircraft engines  and  frames;  the Naval
Aviation Depot, which  maintains and rebuilds aircraft; and the Navy Public
WOrks Center Pensacola, which provides  overall operational support for NAS.
Other activities are essentially training  commands.   Outlying areas  include
landing fields, the  Naval Reservation,  Corry Field,  and  Saufley Field.

    NAS Pensacola is participating in the  Installation Restoration Program
'(IRP).  Under this program,  established in 1978, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean  up contamination from hazardous
materials.  Under IRP, the Navy has identified 34 areas  potentially containing
hazardous waste.  Some are now inactive and are largely  without records.  Solid
wastes have been disposed of primarily  at  two landfill areas, one west of a
golf course and the  other north of Chevalier Field.   Liquid  wastes from NARF
•operations were discharged to storm sewers until 1973., when  an industrial sewer
system and waste water treatment plant  were installed.  Other activities
involving hazardous  substances include .pesticide application, transformer
storage, and firefighting training.   Spills or releases  of plating wastes,
organic solvents, waste paints 'and thinners, PCBs, and insecticides have been
documented.      .

    Benzene and ethyl  benzene are  present  in monitoring  wells near the golf
course, according to a 1986  IRP report.  An estimated 15,000 people on NAS
Pensacola and 30,000 customers of  Peoples' Water Co.  obtain  drinking water from
wells within 3 miles of hazardous  substances on the site.

    Surface water within 3 miles of hazardous substances on  the site is used
for recreational activities.

    As part of IRP,  the Navy plans to further investigate releases and
contaminant migration  under  a permit  issued under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act and  incorporating corrective action.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 198o

                         MARINE CORPS LOGISTICS BASE
                                 Albany, Georgia

     The Marine Corps Logistics Base (MCLB) covers 3,200 acres  in Dougherty
 County, about 5 miles east of Albany, Georgia.  The base is surrounded by
 agricultural, residential, and commercial land.  The Marine Corps constructed
 the facility in the early 1950s and has operated it since that time.

     The main function of the base is to coordinate distribution of supplies to
 other facilities on the East Coast.  The Central Repair Division rebuilds
.vehicles,-  radars, and other kinds of equipment; the Facilities and Services
 Division repairs and maintains the 1XCLB property and equipment.  These
 divisions generate a major portion of the hazardous wastes on-site through
 electroplating, cleaning, stripping, and painting operations.

     From 1957 to 1977, a storm sewer received large volumes of metal plating
 solutions and stripping wastes.  This sewer, drains to a ditch that empties into
 the Flint River 4 miles to the west.  Since 1977, these wastes have been piped
 to an on-site treatment plant or have been shipped off-site for disposal.
 Solvents,  thinners, paints, sludges, and solid wastes reportedly were discarded
 in four on-site unlined landfills.  Munitions, chlorine gas cylinders, acids,
. solvents,  and soil sterilants were buried in an additional landfill in the
 eastern section of the site.

     MCLB is participating in the Installation-Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
 this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
 investigate,and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.  A 1983 IRP
 report indicates that trichloroetnylene was detected in monitoring wells near
 sludge drying beds.  The 4,200 people living on the base obtain drinking water
 and 2,200 acres of farmland are irrigated by wells within 3 miles of hazardous
 substances on the base.

    • In 1986, a Marine Corps contractor detected DDE, DDT, and PCS in sediments
 from the bottom of a: drainage ditch into which hazardous substances were
 discharged.

     The Marine Corps cleaned up the sludge drying beds in accordance with a
 permit issued under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
 (RCRA).  The contaminated materials from the drying beds were  removed and
 transported to a RCRA-regulated disposal facility.  The beds were covered with
 a 12-inch concrete cap in October 1988.  Part of the closure requires that six
 test veils be installed to pump ground water to the surface and treat it to
 remove the contaminants.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
                                  Oahu,  Hawaii

    Schofield Barracks, an  installation  of the  Army Support Command, Hawaii,
covers 17,725 acres  in central Oahu,  Hawaii.  'The area around the barracks is
mostly rainforest; the closest municipality is  Wahiawa to the north.
The facility is divided into  two  areas:   East Range and the Main. Post.  Schofield
Barracks was established  in 1908  to provide a base for the Army's mobile
defense of Pearl Harbor and the entire island.   Industrial operations involve
maintenance, repair, painting, and  degreasing,  all using various organic solvents.

    In April 1985 , the Hawaii Department of Health informed the Army that high
levels (30 parts per billion) of  trichloroethylene (TCE)  had been detected in
wells supplying drinking  water to 25,000 people at Schofield Barracks.  An
additional 55,000 people  in Wahiawa and  Miliani obtain drinking water from
public wells within  3 miles of hazardous substances on the base.

    An Army investigation in  May  1985 confirmed TCE contamination of drinking
water wells, and recommended  short-,  medium-, and long-term measures.  In September
1986, the Army started operating  an air  stripping facility to remove TCE from the
contaminated Schofield Barracks wells, making the water safe to drink.

    Within 3 miles downstream of  the  base, Wahiawa Reservoir is -used to irrigate
3,000 acres of pineapple  fields and is also used for recreational activities.

    Schofield Barracks is participating  in the  Installation Restoration Program.
Under this program,  established in  1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and  clean  up contamination from hazardous materials.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                              IOWA ARMY AMMUNITION  PLANT
                                     Middletown,  Iowa

    The Iowa Army £mmunition Plant (IAAP) covers 19,127 acres in  rural Des
Moines County near Middletown, Iowa, approximately 10 miles west  of Burlington.
lAAP's primary mission since 1941 and intermittently to the present has been to
load, assemble, and pack a variety of conventional ammunitions and fusing
systems.  The current operating contractor is Mason and Hanger-Silas Mason Co.,
Inc.

    Wastes currently produced at IAPP consist of various explosive-containing
sludges, waste water, and solids; lead-containing sludges; ashes  from
incineration and open burning of explosives; and waste solvent from industrial
and laboratory operations.  The explosives include trinitrotoluene (INT) ,
dinitrotoluene (END, and cyclomethylenetrinitramine (RDX).  Past operations
generated waste pesticides, radioactive wastes that have been removed from the
site, and incendiaries.

    IAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.  As part of
IRP, the Army has identified a number of potentially contaminated areas,
including "an abandoned 4-acre settling lagoon at.Line 800, which  received
explosive-containing waste water during 1943-70.  It now holds an estimated
37,000 cubic yards of hazardous sludges..  A second area under investigation
involves an earthen and concrete dam across Brush Creek, which was used during
1943-57.  Waste water from Line 1 flowed through a 3.6-acre sedimentation area  .
where explosives settled out, and the liquids overflowed the dam  into Brush
Creek.

    IRP tests conducted in 1981 and  1983 detected TNT, DDT, and RDX in wells
downgradient of the lagoon, and dam.  An estimated 100 people obtain drinking
water from private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the base.

    In 1984, IRP tests detected RDX  and TNT in water from Brush Creek, and
RDX, TNT, and lead in creek sediments.  Surface water within 3 miles downstream
of the site is used for recreational activities.

    Three incinerator-furnace units  and a spray evaporation pond  on IAAP are
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
 (RCRA).
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as.amended in 1986

              IDAHO NATIONAL ENCTSEE3RING LABORATORY  (USDOE)
                                Idaho Falls, Idaho

    The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory' (UNEL), now owned by  the U.S.
Department of Energy  (USDOE), covers 890 square miles in  southeast  Idaho near
Idaho Falls.  ESEL is in parts of Bingham, Butte, Clark,  Jefferson,  and
Bcnneville Counties.

    The Atomic Energy Commission set up the National Reactor Testing Station
on the grounds in 1949 to build, test, and operate various nuclear  reactors,
fuel processing plants, and support facilities.  Earlier, parts of  the 890
square miles had been used by the Department of Defense.  In 1974,  the facility
assumed its present name to reflect the broad scope  of  engineering  activities
it conducts.

    USEL consists of a number of major facilities,-including these  three:
Test Reactor'Area  (TRA), Central Facilities Area  (CFA), and  Idaho Chemical
Processing Plant  (CPP).  Most are operated by one of five contractors.   The
prime operating contractor is EG&G Idaho, Inc.  All  three facilities contribute
contaminants to the Snake River Plain Aquifer and draw  water from the aquifer.
Approximately 17,300 tons of hazardous materials were deposited at  TRA via a
560-foot injection well extending 100 feet into the  Snake River Plain Aquifer
and also into numerous unlined ponds and an earthen  ditch.   The materials
included chromium-contaminated cooling tower blowdown water, waste  solvents,
sulfuric acid, radionuciides, and laboratory wastes.

    Hexavalent chromium is present in on-site monitoring  and drinking water
wells on TRA and CFA, according to 1985 and 1986 reports  of "the U.S.  Geological
Survey (USGS).  The Snake River Plain Aquifer is the source  of all  water used
at USEL and is an important water resource in southeastern Idaho.   Over 3,000
people draw drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at
USEL.

    Recent testing has identified contamination in additional  areas of nxEL.
Tests conducted in 1987 by DNEL and USGS at the Radioactive  Waste Management
Complex indicate that carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene  (TCE)  have
migrated from where they were buried to the Snake River Plain  Aquifer and that
transuranic radionuciides have migrated to ground water.  In December 1988,  TCE
was found in drinking water wells in Test Area North.   Workers in the area are
now being supplied with bottled water.  USDOE has identified 300  areas that
require additional investigation at UMEL.

    In July 1987, EPA, INEL, and the State of Idaho  signed a Consent Order and
Compliance Agreement under Section 3008(h) of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act calling for investigation and cleanup.  Negotiations are underway
for a three-party Interagency Agreement covering CERCLA actions.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1985

                           MDTJNI&IN HCME AIR FORCE BASE
                               Mountain Home, Idaho

     Mountain Home Air Force  Base covers approximately 9 square miles on a
plateau in Elirore County southwest  of Mountain Home, Idaho.   'The area around
the base is primarily agricultural.   The base, established in 1943, has been
under the control of the Tactical Air Command since 1965.

     Mountain Home Air Force  Base is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program  (IRP).  Under this program,  established in 1978, the
Department' of Defense seeks to identify, investigate,  and clean up
contamination from hazardous  materials.   Under IRP, the Air Force has
investigated numerous potentially contaminated areas,  including two abandoned
landfills, a waste oil disposal area, four abandoned and one active fire
training areas, and the entomology  shop yard, where pesticides were rinsed from
application equipment.  Wastes disposed of at these locations include solvents
and pesticides.

     EPA tests conducted in October 1987 found elevated levels of
tribromomethane  (bromoform) in several on-site wells serving the base.
Bromoform is a component of fire  extinguishing agents and is also used as a
solvent.  Over 14,000 people  obtain drinking water and land is irrigated from
wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on  the base.       •

     The Air Force is developing  a  workplan  for  a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the  type and  extent of contamination at the
base and identify alternatives for  remedial  action.  The workplan is expected
to be completed in the fall of 1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                                   FORT RILEY
                             Junction City, Kansas

    Fort Riley is near Junction City, Kansas, north of where  the Republican  '
and Smoky Hill Rivers meet to form the Kansas River,  Most  of the  152-square-
mile Army base is in Riley County, with the remainder in Geary County.   Most
of the developed areas are in the southern portion, along the Republican and
Kansas Rivers.  The area around the fort  is predominantly rural  and
agricultural.

    Established in 1853, Fort Riley was a major  fort in this  area  during the
Civil War.  It is currently  the headquarters of  the U.S. Army First Infantry
Division (mechanized) and host to over a  dozen other units  of the  Department of
Defense.  There are six main centers of activity in Fort Riley.  Camp Forsyth
is on the floodplain of the  Republican River, immediately north  of Junction
City.  Camp Funston is on the floodplain  of the  Kansas River, immediately west
of Ogden.  Camp Whitside is  on the Kansas River  floodplain  just  west of Camp
Funston.  The Main Post is on the edge of the Kansas River  floodplain across
the Kansas River from the Main Post.  Custer Hill is in the upland several
miles north of the Kansas River.

    Operations on the facility have been  varied, including  seven landfills,
numerous motor pools, burn and firefighting pit  areas, hospitals,  dry cleaning,
shops, and pesticide storage and mixing areas.   Vinyl chloride,  pesticides',-
waste motor oils, degreasing solvents, tetrachloroethylene  (perchloroethylene),
and mercury were deposited in landfills below the water table and  spilled or
dumped on the ground adjacent to buildings.  The most serious problems are
associated with a sanitary landfill at Camp Funston, spills of dry Gleaning
solvents at the Main Post, and pesticide  residues, also at  the Main Post.-

    Fort Riley is participating in the Installation Restoration  Project (IRP).
Under this, program, established in 1978,.  the Department of  Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.  A
1984 IRP study indicates that vinyl chloride is  present in  shallow (15-25 foot)
monitoring wells downgradient of the Camp Funston landfill.   The alluvial
aquifer along the Republican and Kansas Rivers is the sole  source  of drinking
water for Fort Riley, Ogden, and Junction City.

    A Fort Riley water supply well is 0.7 mile from a former  dry cleaning
building.  Municipal and Army wells within 3 miles of hazardous  substances on
the base provide drinking water to an estimated  46,800 people.   Ground water is
also used locally for irrigation.

    The Kansas River along Fort Riley is  used for fishing and other
recreational activities.  Bald eagles, designated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service as an endangered species, are seen regularly on the base.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1386

                                  FORT DEVENS
                           Fort Devens,  Massachusetts

    Fort Devens is 35 miles west of Boston, Massachusetts,  at.the  intersection
of four townships:  Ayer and Shirley  (in Middlesex County)  and Lancaster and
Harvard (in Worcester County).  -The area is largely rural residential.

    Founded in 1917, Fort Devens has as its primary mission the training of
active duty personnel to support various Army units.  Fort  Devens  Sudbury
Training Annex, 12 miles to the southwest,  is also being proposed  for the NPL
at this time.

    Fort Devens covers  9,416 acres and can be divided into  three areas:   the
1,013-acre North Post;  the 3,247-acre Cold Spring Brook Area,  which is in the
central part of the fort; and the 5,156-acre South Post.  The  first two .areas
are separated by West Main Street between Shirley and Ayer; the Cold Spring
Brook area and South Post are separated by State Route 2.

    Fort Devens is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP).  Under this program, established in  1978', the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination  from hazardous
materials.  IRP studies have identified 46 .potential hazardous waste sites,
including:  the 15-acre Explosive Ordnance Disposal  (BOD) range (in the South  '
Post), where explosives and unusable munitions have been detonated or burned in
open unlined pits since 1979;  the 50-acre  sanitary landfill (in the North
Post), where household  wastes, military refuse, asbestos, construction debris,
waste oil, and incinerator ash have been dumped since the 1930s; and Building
1650, where battery acids, PCBs, pesticides, and solvents have been stored.

    Monitoring wells near the sanitary landfill contain cadmium, lead,
mercury, iron, and arsenic, according to tests conducted in 1987 by an Army
contractor.  An estimated 21,700 fort employees and Ayer residents obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the landfill; a Fort Devens well is
1,670 feet from the sanitary landfill.

    The 1987 tests also found arsenic, chromium, nickel, and lead  in surface
water near the sanitary landfill.  An 8-mile section of the Nashua River lies
within the fort's boundaries.  The 630-acre Oxbow National  Wildlife Refuge is
in the east central portion of Fort Devens on land the Army deeded to the
Department of the Interior in 1973.  An 83-acre wetland is  in  the  refuge
northeast of BOD.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                         FORT DEVENS-SUDBURY TRAINING ANNEX
                           Middlesex County, Massachusetts

     The Sudbury Training Annex to Fort Devens occupies approximately 4 square
 miles within Middlesex County, Massachusetts.  . The annex includes portions of
 the towns of Sudbury, Maynard, Hudson, and Stow.   The area around 'the base is  .
 mainly agricultural interspersed with residential areas.

     Established in the early 1940s as the Maynard Ammunition Depot, the
. installation became known as the. Maynard Ordnance Test Station after World War
 II.   In the mid-1950s, the facility became known as the U.S. Army Natick
 Research and Development Command and was used for troop training and disposal
 of certain wastes from Natick Laboratory.  Between 1980-and 1983, custody of
 the area was transferred to Fort Devens 12 miles to the northeast.  The primary
 mission of both installations is to train active duty personnel to support
 various Army units.  Fort Devens is also being proposed for the NFL at this
 time.

     Sudbury Annex is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
 (IRP).  Under  this program, established in 1978, the Department.of Defense
 seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
 materials.  The Army has identified a number of potentially contaminated areas,
 including 11 containing explosive'residues, chemical laboratory wastes, oil
 lubricants, and other toxic materials.  According to a 1986 IRP report, two
 monitoring wells downgradient of two of the areas are contaminated with
 1,1,1-trichloroethane, bis (2-ethylhexylphthalate), and benzene.  The two areas,
 which are separated by an unnamed tributary to the Assabet River, are Waste
 Area A7 (a 20-acre gravel pit used from the 1940s to 1980s as a laboratory
 dump, general  dump, and burning ground) and Waste Area A9 (a 7-acre area used
 since the 1950s for fire training by the State of Massachusetts).  An
 estimated 35,700 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells
 within 3 miles of the waste areas.   A private well is 1,600 feet from the waste
 areas.

     White Pond, which provides water to 12,000 residents of Maynard, is within
 3 miles downstream of Waste Area A5, a 70-square foot pit where laboratory
 solvents were  buried during 1973-79.  A fresh water wetland is within 600 feet
 of the pond.

     In June 1985, 100-200 gallons of PCB-containing oil spilled from an
 out-of-service transformer in a remote abandoned area of Sudbury Training
 Annex.  The Army removed 300 gallons of Aroclor 1260 and about 70 tons of
 PCB-contaminated soil to a facility regulated under the Toxic Substances
 Control Act.

     In July 1985, four electrical transformer units were found in a remote
 section of the annex.  .Bullet holes and dents were obvious in one unit, which
 permitted PCB-containing fluids to escape.  The Army removed the transformers
 and some contaminated soil to a facility regulated under the Toxic Substances
 Control Act.
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
                  OTIS AIR NATIONAL  GUARD BASE/CAMP EDWARDS
                           Falmouth, Massachusetts

    Otis Air National Guard Base  (ANGB) and Camp Edwards cover approximately
21,000 acres of what is today known  as the-Massachusetts Military Reservation
(MMR) in Falmouth, Barnstable County, Massachusetts.  The area is sparsely
populated.  Although the occupants and property boundaries iiave  changed a
number of times since M"1R was established in 1935, the primary mission lias
always been to provide training and  housing to Air Force or Army units.

    A review of past and present operations and waste disposal practices
identified a number of potentially contaminated areas, including eight covering
3,900 acres on the southern portion  of MMR.  Six of the eight are located
within Otis ANGB property boundaries;  Former Fire Training Area, Current Fire
Training Area, Base Landfill, Nondestructive Testing Laboratory  Leach Pit, Fly
Ash Disposal Area, and a plume of contaminated ground water from a  sewage
treatment plant.  The two remaining  waste areas, the unit Training  Equipment
Site (UTES) and Property Disposal Office Storage Yard, are on Camp  Edwards,
which is currently leased to the Army.  The materials associated with the
eight areas are fly ash, bottom ash, waste solvents, waste fuels, herbicides,
and transformer oil.

    While the Nondestructive Testing Laboratory operated  (1970-78), waste
solvents, emulsifiers, penetrants, and photographic developers -were deposited
in the sanitary sewer system.  Effluent from the sewage treatment plant was
discharged into sand beds, where  it  seeped into ground water.  In 1984,  the
U.S. Geological Survey detected trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, and
trans-l,2^dichloroethylene in monitoring wells downgradient of the  plant.   The
plume of contaminated ground water extends 2 miles to the south.  In  1983 and
1984, the Air Force detected volatile organic compounds  (VOCs) in on-site
monitoring wells near the Base Landfill and Current Fire Training Area.
Monitoring by the Air National Guard and the State Department of Environmental
Quality has detected VOCs in more than 200 private wells and 1 town.   Water
lines were installed in 1986-87 to the affected residences.

    EPA has designated the Cape Cod  aquifer underlying MMR as a  Sole  Source
Aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act.  The municipalities of Bourne and
Sandwich, as well as the Air Force,  have drinking water wells within  3 miles of
hazardous substances at the site.  To date, they are not contaminated.
Irrigation.wells are also within  3 miles.  The drinking water of 36,000 people
is potentially threatened.

    Ashumet Pond, less than 1 mile downslope of the Former Fire  Training Area,
is used for recreational activities.  A fresh water wetland is 3,600  feet
downstream of the area.

    The Air Force is participating in the Installation Restoration  Program
(IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department  of  Defense •
seeks to identify, investigate, and  clean up contamination from  hazardous
materials.  The Air Force has investigated Air Force property only.   A
committee that represents all service branches on MMR is coordinating a second
investigation that addresses the  entire facility.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).as amended in 1986
                             LQRIM3 AIR FORCE BASE
                               Limestone, Maine

    Loring Air Force Base covers nearly 9,000 acres  in Arostock County in  a
sparsely populated area of northeastern Maine.  Limestone  is  2  miles  to the
east, Caribou 8 miles to the west, and the New  Brunswick,  Canada,  border 3
miles to the east.. The area is sparsely populated.   Loring lias .been  active
since 1952, and has been home to the Strategic  Air Command's  42nd  Bombardment
Wing since 1953.  Hazardous wastes generated on-base include  waste oils, fuels
cleaned from aircraft and vehicles, spent solvents  (many of them chlorinated
organic chemicals), PCBs, and pesticides.  Historically, wastes have  been
burned or buried in landfills.

    Loring Air Force Base is participating in the Installation  Restoration
Program (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the  Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials.  IRP tests reported in 1986 indicate  that  monitoring  wells
on the base are contaminated with methylene chloride, trichloroethylene (TCE),
carbon tetrachloride, and barium.  ' The wells are on  or downgradient of several
widely scattered disposal areas.  Two are adjacent landfills, both old gravel
pits,' covering 190 acres.  Landfill 2 was used  for disposal of  hazardous wastes
during 1956-74, and Landfill 3 from 1974 to the early 1980s.  In the  0.5-acre
Fire Department Training Area, large quantities of hazardous  materials were
landfilled until 1968 and burned until 1974.  The 600-acre Flightline Area,
with its industrial shops and maintenance hangars, was .a primary generator of
hazardous waste on-base; most wastes were disposed elsewhere, although some
probably were disposed of on the ground or concrete  or in  the storm and sewer
drains.                                                  .  .

    Soils in the Flightline Area also contain significant  amounts  of  fuel;
oil, and various volatile organic chemicals.  An estimated 1,200 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base;
the nearest well is less than 500 feet from where transformers  were buried.

    Water in the Flightline Drainage Ditch (a 2,500-foot channelized  portion  .
of a tributary to Greenlaw Creek) is contaminated with methylene chloride,
tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, TCE, and iron, according  to the
1986 IRP report.  The ditch receives storm water discharges from several sewers
draining the Flightline Area and the Nose Dock  Area,  where fuels were handled.
Surface water within 3 miles downstream is used for  recreational activities.
A fresh water wetland is 500 feet from Landfill 3.

    The 8,500 people on the base can come in direct  contact with hazardous
substances at the landfills and burn pit because they are  inadequately fenced.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental.Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1985

                    NAVAL INDUSTRIAL RESERVE ORDNANCE PLANT
                               Fridley, Minnesota

    The Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant  (NIROP) covers  83 acres in an
industrial, commercial, and residential area in Fridley, Anoka  County,
Minnesota.  Over 200,000 people live within  3 miles.of the  site.  The
Mississippi River is 0.3 mile to the west.   NIROP has produced  advanced weapons
systems since it was constructed in 1940.  FtC Corp., NIROP's operating
contractor, owns a 50-acre site bordering on the south.  It was placed  on the
NPL in September 1983 under the name FM: Corp. (Fridley Plant).

    Industrial operations at  NIROP generate  organic-solvent and heavy-metal
wastes.  According to the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, 43 drums of
such wastes were buried at the landfill from the early 1950s to the  early
1970s.  Analyses conducted by the Minnesota  Pollution Control Agency (MPCA)
found that soil and ground water on the site are contaminated with solvents,
including acetone, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene (ICE), and methylene
chloride.  In 1981, three bedrock wells supplying drinking  water to  NIROP were
taken out of service because  of TCE contamination.  Tests conducted  by  MPCA in
1982 on Fridley municipal well #13 did not detect TCE.  An  estimated 29,000
people obtain drinking water  from public wells within 3 miles of the site.

    During 1983-84, the Army  Corps of  Engineers excavated 43 drums and'1,200
cubic yards of soil and transported the materials to EPA-regulated hazardous
waste landfills.  The actions were conducted as part of the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP).  Under this program, established in  1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous  materials.

    On June 26, 1984, MPCA issued a Request  for Response Action calling for
the Navy and FM3 to determine the extent of  surface water and ground water
contamination, locate any additional disposal areas, and take cleanup action.
In response, a network of monitoring wells was installed to gather information
on patterns of ground water flow and contaminant concentrations.  In July-
August 1988, a remedial investigation/feasibility study was completed.   EPA has
not yet concurred on the report.

    An interim remedial measure is being designed involving pumping  of  ground
water to the surface and treating it to remove the contaminants.

    As of June 1989, NIROP has held three Technical Review  Committee meetings
with EPA, M3PA, and local representatives, as well as one public meeting.
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                 WELDON SPRING FORMER ARMY ORDNANCE WORKS
                       St. Charles County, Missouri

    The Weldon Spring Ordinance Works occupied  over  17,000  acres in St.  Charles
County, 25 miles west of St. Louis, Missouri,  during November  1941-January
1944, when it produced trinitrotoluene  (TNT) and dinitrotoluene (EOT)  for  the
Armed Services.  A series of land transfers left the Army  with. 1,655 acres,
which it has operated since 1959 as the Weldon Spring Training Area for the
Army Reserve.

    The land transfers included 220 acres to the Atomic  Energy Commission.
Some of the transferred land, now owned by the U.S. Department of Energy
 (USDOE) , is radioactively contaminated and is  on the NFL as Weldon Spring
Quarry/Plant/Pits  (USDOE/Army).  The site covers two small areas  of the former
Ordnance Works.

    Other portions of the original Ordnance Works were transferred as  follows:
38 acres to what is now the Frances Howell School District; 7,000 acres in the
northern portion, which contained the magazine storage areas,  to  the State of
Missouri to establish the August A. Busch Memorial  Wildlife Area; 8,000 acres
in the southern portion to the University of Missouri for  an agricultural
research area, a majority of which was later transferred to the State  and
became the Weldon Spring Wildlife Area; and 131 acres to the Frances Howell
School, which was later transferred to the State.

    The Weldon Spring Army Ordnance Works is participating in  the Installation
Restoration Program  (IRP).  Under this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to  identify, investigate, and  clean up
contamination from hazardous materials.  IRP investigations have  identified a
number of potentially contaminated areas, including seven  unlined lagoons  where
TMT waste water was stored, TNT production lines 5-18, the EOT production  line,
a drainage ditch below TNT line 14, and nine areas  where explosive wastes  were
buried.  The contaminated areas are spread throughout the  17,000  acres of  the
former Ordnance Works, with the greatest concentration in  the  1,655-acre
Training Area.

    In 1987, a contractor to USDOE found TNT and DNT in  monitoring wells near
the lagoons, and TNT in surface water downstream of the  lagoons.   An estimated
70,000 people obtain drinking water from St. Charles County wells within 3
miles of hazardous substances at the site.  Surface water  in the  area  flows
either to the Mississippi River watershed to the north or  the  Missouri River
watershed to the south.  Surface waters within 3 miles are used for
recreational activities and to support wildlife.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                           PEASE AIR FORCE  BASE
                   Portsrrcuth/Newington, New Hampshire

    Pease Air Force Base occupies 4,365 acres on a peninsula in Portsmouth  and
Newington, Rockingham County, New Hampshire.  The area  around the base is
commercial-residential.  From the 1950s to  the  present, the  Air Force lias
maintained aircraft at  the base.  A 1986 Air Force study  identified 18 waste
disposal areas on the base, 13 of which received hazardous wastes,  including
organic solvents, pesticides, paint strippers,  and other  industrial wastes.
The study is part of  the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).   Under this
program, established  in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,   '
investigate, and clean  up contamination from hazardous  materials.

    The 13 disposal areas include 7 landfills,  2 areas  where waste oil and
solvents were burned;  for fire fighting exercises, and 4 areas where solvents
and other liquid wastes were discharged on  the  ground.  At present, all
hazardous wastes generated on the base are  disposed of  off-site at
EPA-regulated facilities.

    In 1977, a well supplying drinking water to 8,700 people on the base was
found to be contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) in  tests conducted by an
Air.Force contractor.   In 1984, the Air Force installed an aeration system  to
remove TCE from all base water supply wells.  The system  is  no longer in use
because TCE dropped below detection levels.  An estimated 30,000 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles  of hazardous
substances on the base.

    According to a 1988 IRP report, heptachlor  and lindane are contaminating
surface water along the -surface run-off pathway from  one  of  the landfills,  and
lead and zinc are in  sediments of three major drainage  ditches on the base.
Shellfish are harvested from Great Bay and  Little Bay,  which are within 3 miles
downstream of the base.  The bays are also  used for recreational activities.

    Because the bays  and Piscataqua River are connected to the Atlantic Ocean,
tides can move any contamination to the ocean.  The base  abuts Great Bay, which
is a tidal estuary.   Both coastal and fresh water wetlands are along surface
water migration pathways from the disposal  areas.

    Some disposal areas in the base are not fenced, making it possible for
people and animals to come into direct contact  with hazardous substances.

    The base holds a  permit as a hazardous  waste generator and storage facility
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as well as  a
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit  to discharge treated
waste water into the  Piscataqua River.

    The Air Force plans to close the base and transfer  the property to either
the State or local government.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                FEDERAL AVIATION AIMINISTRATICN TECHNICAL CENTER
                          Atlantic County,  New Jersey

    The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)  Technical  Center covers 5,052
acres 8 miles northwest  of Atlantic City in Atlantic  County.   The  site borders
the Garden State Parkway in southeastern New Jersey.   Installations on the site
include the Atlantic City International Airport,  a New Jersey Air  National
Guard Station, and extensive FAA facilities.

  - Activities at the  site started in  1942  with construction of a  Naval air
base".  In late 1958, FAA, then known as the Airways Modernization  Board, took
over the operation and has used  the facility as an airport and aviation safety
research center.

    In 1984, the New Jersey Department of Environmental  Protection (NJDEP)
contracted for an assessment of  pollution sources that may impact  the then
proposed Atlantic City Municipal Well  Field, to be located on the  north shore
of the Upper Atlantic  City Reservoir within the FAA Technical Center
boundaries.  This investigation  identified  five areas as posing a  threat to the
proposed well field:   the Salvage Area (Area 20A), where scrap materials and
drums of hazardous waste oils and solvents  were stored;  the Fuel Mist Test
Facility (Area 27), where jet fuels were sprayed  and  burned to test the
antimisting properties of certain fuel additives;  the Fire Training Area (Area
29), where fuel fire testing and fire  training exercises were conducted; the
Avgas Fuel Farm and Photo Lab (Area 41), where leaks  from underground storage
tanks, discharge of photographic lab wastes, and  spillage of fuels may have
occurred; and the Abandoned Navy Landfill (Area 56),  an  area south of the main
runway used as a landfill by the Navy.

    Hydrogeological studies of the five areas  indicated  that development of
the new well field could proceed.  Since then, FAA has informed NJDEP and EPA
of additional areas that may have an environmental impact.   FAA is conducting a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS)  under NJDEP and EPA guidance.

    Tetrachloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, benzene,  toluene, and 1,1,1-
trichloroethane are present in ground  water at Areas  20A,  29,  and  56, according
to a November 1984 report of NJDEP's contractor and initial results of FAA's
RI/FS.  Elevated levels  of cadmium and chromium were  found in ground water at
Area 56.  An estimated 68,000 people obtain drinking  water from Atlantic City
reservoirs, which are  fed primarily by the  north  and  south branches of
Doughty's Mill Stream.   The upper reservoir is on Technical Center property, as
are nine new Atlantic  City production  wells.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                              PICATINNY ARSENAL
                        Rockaway Township, New Jersey

    Picatinny Arsenal covers 6,491 acres  in Morris County,  New Jersey.   Most of
the land is  in Rockaway Township; small portions'of the western  side are in
Jefferson Township.  Interstate 80 is about 1 mile southeast of  the main
entrance.   The surrounding areas are suburban as well as summer  vacation areas.

    In operation for over 100 years, the  arsenal has been a major source of
munitions in wartime throughout much of this century.  Currently, its primary
mission is research, development, and pilot plant production of  explosives and
propellants  for the Army.

    Picatinny Arsenal is participating in the Installation  Restoration  Program
(IRP)..  Under this program, established in 1978, the Department  of  Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean  up contamination from hazardous
materials.   IRP studies have established  that many areas on the  arsenal are
contaminated by manufacturing waste and unexploded ordnance.   At least  54
potential hazardous waste areas exist on  the base, according to  a 1987  report
of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.   They  include areas
for testing  rocket fuels, munitions, and  propellants; areas where chemicals and
shells were, buried; surface impoundments; landfills; drum storage areas; and a
sludge bed.                           .                            •

    Monitoring wells and soils adjacent to unlined lagoons  which, until 1981,
held waste water from metal plating and etching facilities, are  contaminated
with trichloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
tetrachloroethylene, according to tests reported to EPA in  1986.  Some  of these
same wells have elevated concentrations of cadmium, lead, and  copper.   The
arsenal's 5,500 employees obtain their drinking water from  two wells upgradient
from an area of confirmed ground water contamination.

    The 1986 tests also found PCBs and mirex  (a chlorinated organic pesticide)
in stream sediments of Green Pond Brook.  In 1982, the brook had been dredged
and the materials piled up nearby.  The materials contain arsenic,  cadmium,, and
other heavy metals.

    Lake Denmark and Picatinny Lake, which are on the base, are  used for
recreational activities.

    In 1990, the Army is scheduled to clean up the contaminated  ground  water
around the metal plating operations and submit to EPA a plan for cleanup of the
entire arsenal.  The plan will assign priorities for cleaning  up the many
contaminated areas.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                 BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY  (USDOE)
                                Upton, New York

     Brookhaven National Laboratory  (BNL) covers  5,265  acres  in Upton,
 Brookhaven Township, Suffolk County, New York, approximately at  the center  of
 Long Island, about 60 miles east of New York City.  Much of  the  area is wooded,
 although commercial and residential development  is  underway.   Used by the Amy
 as Camp Upton during World Wars  I and II, BNL has been operated  since 1947  by
 Associated Universities, Inc., under contract first to the Atomic Energy
 Commission, and now to the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE).

     BNL is involved  in design, construction, and operation of large, facilities
 such as particle accelerators and nuclear reactors  used  for  research in high
 energy nuclear physics, energy-related life and  environmental sciences, and
 material, chemical, and biological sciences.  Most  of  the principal facilities
 are near the center of.the site.  Outlying facilities  occupy about 550 acres.
 Among them are the Hazardous Waste Management Facility (HWMF), current
 landfill, former landfill/chemical holes area, sewage  treatment  plant, and  a
 former ash fill area near an old incinerator.  Areas where some  accidental
 contamination has occurred include the Building  650 sump,  HWMF,  and the Central
 Steam Facility.  Soil in several small areas contains  low levels of
 radioactivity resulting from past landscaping activities,  according to BNL.

     An estimated 3 tons per day  of wastes were deposited in  the  former
 landfill, of which a small percentage was radioactive  (including tritium) or
 hazardous waste.  Among wastes were laboratory debris, unreclaimable partially
 decontaminated equipment, contaminated clothing, radioactive animal carcasses,
 and sanitary wastes.  Sewage sludge was disposed of periodically.-   Since the
 landfill ceased operating in 1966, chemical wastes  have  been hauled off-site.

     The current landfill began operating in 1967, accepting  putrescible,
 nonputrescible, and building materials.  Since 1981, putrescible waste has  been
 hauled to a municipal landfill.  Limited quantities of low-level radioactive
 materials were accepted until 1978.

     At HVMF, drum rinsing and spills of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and other
 volatile organic compounds resulted in a plume of contaminated ground water
 that is now being treated with an aeration process.  In  1960,  approximately 5
 curies of radioactive slurry was pumped into a drinking  water well near HWMF
 instead of into the fill pipe of a nearby underground  tank.   Monitoring
 indicates that the leading edge  of this plume remains  well within the site.

     On-site monitoring wells contain strontium-90,  tritium,  chloroform,
 aromatic hydrocarbons, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, according  to BNL.   An
 estimated 15,400 people obtain drinking water from  BNL wells  and Suffolk
 County Water Authority wells within 3 miles of BNL.

     The nearest fresh water wetland is the headwaters  of the Peconic River,
 which is on BNL property about 1,500 feet upgradient of  the  former landfill.
 Surface water within 3 miles downstream of BNL is used for recreation.

     Investigations and cleanup projects are included in  USDOE"s  5-year plan
 for Waste Management and Environmental Restoration.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                          PtATTSBURTJI AIR FORCE  BASE
                            Plattsburgh,  New York

    The Plattsburgh Air Force Base  (FAFB)  covers 3,440 acres in Clinton
County, New York.  The base is bordered on the north by the Saranac River and
the City of Plattsburgh.  Lake Chanplain  is  to the east and the Salmon River
borders the base on the south.  The base  was activated in 1955 to serve as a
tactical wing in the Strategic Air  Conrnand.   Ever since, the base has generated
hazardous and potentially hazardous wastes by industrial shop operations,
maintenance of aircraft, painting,  fire fighting exercises, discharging of
munitions, and spills.  Contaminants generated include PCBs, methyl ethyl
ketone  (MEK), trichloroethylene  (ICE),  dichlorobenzene (DCS), methylene
chloride, and other organic solvents.   Hazardous wastes were deposited in
unlined landfills and burned  in unlined pits.

    Toluene, TCE, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,  methylene chloride, and 1,2-
dichloroethane are present in ditches draining areas where solvents and jet
fuels were spilled.  Tests conducted in 1987 found MEK, TCE,. and trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene  in two shallow monitoring wells downgradient of a drum storage
area.  An estimated 2,000 people  obtain drinking water from private wells
within 3 miles of a base landfill.

    The Air Force is conducting field investigations which include sampling of
soil, ground water, and surface water at  several areas cited during a 1985
records search of hazardous waste and spill  areas.

  .  PAFB is participating, in  the  Installation Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
this program, established in  1978,  the  Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                              SENECA ARMY DEPOT
                              Romulus, New York


    The Seneca Army Depot encompasses more than 10,000 acres in Seneca County, New
York.  It lies between  Cayuga and Seneca Lakes  in the Finger Lakes region and
abuts the town of Romulus.   The Army has stored and disposed of military explosives
at the facility since its inception in 1941.

    Seneca Army Depot is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP).  Under this program,  established  in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate,  and clean  up contamination from hazardous materials.

    During preliminary  investigations, the Army identified a number of
potentially contaminated areas, including an unlined 13-acre landfill in the
west-central portion  of the  depot,  where solid  waste and incinerator ash were
disposed of intermittently for 30 years  during  1941-79; two incinerator pits
adjacent to the landfill, where refuse was burned at least once a week during 1941-
74; a 90-acre open burning/detonation area in the northwest portion of the depot,
where explosives and  related wastes, have been burned and detonated during the past
30 years; and the APE-1236 Deactivation  Furnace in the east-central portion of the
depot, where small arms are  destroyed.

    Monitoring wells  on the  depot downgradient  of the old landfill contain
elevated concentrations of trans-lf2-dichloroethylene-  and trichloroethylene,
according to tests conducted in 1987 by  an Army contractor.   An estimated 1,350
people obtain drinking  water from private wells within 3 miles of the depot.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                     FEED MATERIALS FRCOJCTICN CENTER (USDOE)
                                   Fernald,  Ohio

     The Feed Materials Production Center (FMPC),  operated by the U.S.
 Department of  Energy  (USEOE),  is  20  miles  northwest of Cincinnati in the
 unincorporated town of Fernald, Ohio.   The 1,450-acre site is in both Hamilton
 and Butler Counties.   Generally,  the area is rural,  with a number of farms
 surrounding  the site.   The Production Area covers approxiinately 136 acres in
 the center of  FMPC.  Waste disposal  areas  are present at locations surrounding
 the Production Area within approximately 3,000 feet of the center of FMPC.

     Since  the  early 1950s, FMPC has  manufactured metallic uranium fuel
 elements,  target cores, and other uranium products for use in production
 reactors originally operated  for  the Atomic Energy Commission and now for
 USDOE.  These  processes have  generated' large quantities of wastes, including
 low-level  radioactive  wastes,  mixed  hazardous and radioactive wastes, waste
 oils,  waste  solvents,  and  significant amounts of fly ash.  Among the materials
 on-site are  uranium, mercury,  barium, thorium, tetrachloroettiylene, arsenic,
 and PCBs.

     Disposal practices and operational deficiencies have resulted in
 contamination  of soil, ground water, surface water,  and air.   Major sources of
 contaminants include the Production  Area,  six waste pits, three waste storage
 silos, a storm sewer outfall  to Paddy's Run (an intermittent stream), and an
 effluent line  discharging  into the Great Miami River.  Uranium contaminates the.
 Buried Valley  Aquifer, the sole source of  drinking water for FMPC workers and
 most area  residents, according to routine  monitoring conducted in 1984 by FMPC.
 The contamination has  resulted in closing  of a downgradient private well.  An
 estimated  1,100 FMPC employees obtain drinking water and 750 acres of land are
 irrigated  by wells  within  3 miles of FMPC.

     In 1985, FMPC detected high concentrations of uranium, technetium-99, and
 hexavalent chromium in the effluent  line discharging to the Great Miami River,
 which  is used  for recreational activities  within 3 miles downstream.

     Radon  gas  was detected in the atmosphere by on-site monitoring equipment
 in April 1986.

     USDOE  is investigating FMPC under its  Comprehensive Environmental
 Assessment and Response Program.   An environmental survey has been completed at
 FMPC,  and  a  remedial  investigation is underway to determine the type and extent
 of contamination.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                                 M3UND PLANT  (USDOE)
                                 Miamisburg,  Ohio

    The Mound Plant encompasses 305  acres within the southern city limits
of Miamisburg, Montgomery County,  Ohio.  Mound is bounded by an urbanized area
to the north and  east, rural/farmland to the  south,  and a railroad right-of-
way to the west.   Mound  has  operated since 1948 in support of U.S. weapons and
energy programs,  with an emphasis  on small explosive components and nuclear
technology.  First operated  by the Atomic Energy Commission, it is operated now
by the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE).  The facility employs 2,200 people,
most of whom reside in the nearby  Miamisburg  and Dayton areas.

    Mound consists of two elevated areas divided by a small valley which runs
in a northeast-southwest direction through the site.   The major waste areas are
on the south slope and valley of the northwest elevated area and include a
landfill  in which solvents,  paints,  and photo-processing and plating bath
•solutions were deposited; several  leach beds  used to dispose of solutions
containing radionuclides and/or explosive/pyrotechnic materials; and an area in
which a solution  contaminated with plutonium  was spilled.   The landfill
operated  from 1948 into  the  mid-1970s, and one or more of the leach beds
operated  at least 15 'years.   The operating life and the quantity of wastes
deposited are unknown for the.majority of the other waste areas.

    The Buried Valley Aquifer (BVA)  underlies a portion of the valley area of
the plant and is  made up of  relatively permeable outwash sand and gravel
deposits.  Miamisburg municipal wells are within 3 miles of the site and serve
an estimated-17,000 people.   There is some evidence indicating that tritium,
Plutonium, and volatile  organic compounds contaminate ground water, and that
Plutonium contaminates surface water.   A system of ditches, canals, and ponds
carries surface water from the facility to the Great Miami River approximately
1 mile downstream.  The  river is used for recreational activities.

    Mound has a permit to discharge  to surface water under the National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.  Mound acquired Interim Status under
Subtitle  C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act when USDOE filed Part
A of a permit application.

    Mound has been evaluated under Phase I  (which involves record searches and
preliminary assessments) of  the USDOE Comprehensive Environmental Assessment
and Response Program.  Phase II studies to confirm contamination are underway.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1936

                             TCBYHANNA ARMY DEPOT
                           Tobyhanna,  Pennsylvania


    Tobyhanna Army Depot covers  1,408  acres in Tobyhanna,  l^fcnroe County, in
the Pocono Mountains of northeastern Pennsylvania.  Military operations
started on the  site in 1902.   It assumed its present  name  in August 1962.
The depot's primary mission  is to provide maintenance and  supply support to
the Army.  The  117 buildings on  the depot include metal  refinishing, electronic
fabrication, electroplating, and degreasing operations,  as well as waste water
treatment plants, a hazardous  waste storage area, and a  landfill.   All types of
depot wastes, including plating  wastes,  paints* solvents,  sewage treatment sludge,
and solid wastes, were disposed  of  on-site prior to 1975.

    Tobyhanna Army Depot is  participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (-IRP).  Under  this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate,  and clean up  contamination from hazardous
materials.  IRP investigations conducted in 1981 and  1986  found trichloroethylene
(TOE) and cis-l,2-dichloroethylene  in  on-site monitoring wells, and TCE and
tetrachloroethylene in on-site and  off-site water supply wells.  An estimated
5,000 people obtain drinking water  from  depot and private  wells within 3 miles of
hazardous substances on the  depot.

    Army tests  conducted in  1986 found cadmium in soil in  the plating shop area
and in  sewage treatment sludge.  The sludge was in a'swamp that drains -to the south
to Cross Keys Run and  to the north  to  an unnamed tributary to Gouldsboro Lake.
The lake, which is within 3  miles downstream of the landfill, is used for
recreational activities.  Oakes  Swamp  is within 1 mile of  the landfill.

    The Army is conducting a remedial  investigation and  an endangerment assessment
for the portion of the site  contaminating the village of Tobyhanna's water supply.
Future  studies  are planned for the  remaining waste areas.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                   DAVISVILLE NAVAL CXHSTRUdTOSJ BATTALION GUSHER
                           North Kingstown, Rhode Island

    The Davisville Naval Construction Battalion Center  (NCBC)  is  13  miles  south of
Providence in North Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode  Island.   The area  is
primarily single-family residential.  A military installation  since  World  War II,
the site assumed its current name  in 1951.  Its primary  mission is to provide
mobilization support to Naval construction forces.

    NCBC consists of four areas:   the Main Center located on Narragansett  Bay;.West
Davisville Storage area located  3  miles west of the Main Center;  Camp Fogarty,  a
former training center located 4 miles west of  the Main  Center; and  the
deconmissioned Naval Air Station Quonset Point  to the south of the Main Center,
which was given to the Rhode Island Port Authority in 1974.  The  Navy has  disposed
of wastes in all four areas.

    NCBC is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).   Under
this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.  Under IRP, the
Navy has identified at least 24  areas potentially containing hazardous substances.
The Navy's investigations are focusing primarily on two  areas:  the  Allen  Harbor
Landfill in the Main Center, which received solvents, paint thinners, degreasers,
PCBs from transformers, sewage sludge, and contaminated  fuel oil  during 1946-72;
and the Calf Pasture Landfill, which received  "decontaminating agents" and various
other contaminants.                         .                           •

    Several of the 24 potentially  contaminated areas are no longer owned by the
Navy and are being investigated  by the Army Corps of Engineers' former facility
program.  The primary area the Corps is investigating is the Camp Avenue Landfill,
which is part of the decontnissioned Naval Air  Station Quonset  Point.   During  1943-
53, the landfill accepted drums  of wastes, battery casings, and other-wastes.

    Ground water is shallow  (2-4 feet in some  areas) and soils permeable,
conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water.  An
estimated 27,000 people obtain drinking water  from public wells within 3 miles of
hazardous substances on the site.

    IRP studies conducted in 1986  identified lead,,cadmium,  silver, mercury, and
chromium in soil from the shoreline and sediments of Allen  Harbor, which is a small
inlet from Narragansett Bay.  Clams are harvested from Allen Harbor.   A fresh water
wetland is adjacent to the Camp  Avenue Landfill.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                    NEWPORT NAVAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTER
                               Newport, Rhode Island

     The Naval Education and Training Center  (NETC)  is  spread along  6  miles  of
 the western shoreline of Aquidneck  Island, north  of Newport, Newport  County,
 Rhode Island.  NETC  facilities are  also on Gould  Island, west  of Aquidneck
 Island.  NETC covers 1,439 acres.   Prior to 1973,  it covered 2,692  acres.

     The Navy has used Aquidneck Island as a refueling  depot since 1900.
 Additional fuel facilities were built during World War II, as  were  a  supply
 station, barracks, farms, and a fire fighting training school.   After the war,  a
 number of research and development  facilities and training centers  were set up.

     NETC is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).  Under
 this program, established in 1978,  the Department of Defense seeks  to identify,
 investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.   IRP studies
 identified numerous  potentially contaminated areas including the following.   The
 6-acre' McAllister Point Landfill, along the shore of Narragansett Bay, from 1955
 to the mid-1970s accepted wastes consisting primarily  of domestic refuse, spent
 acids, solvents, paint, waste oil,  and PCB-contaminated oil.   Similar wastes  were
 deposited .at the 10-acre Melville North Landfill,  located in a low-lying, wetland
 area along the shore of the bay.  It was used from World War II  to  1955 and sold
 to Melville Marine Industries/Hood  Enterprises around  1984.  Also in  the Melville
 North area are two waste oil disposal areas; a sludge  bed at an  old sewage
 treatment plant, where oil was disposed of for 6  months; and two buried fuel  tank
 farms.  Another three farms are within 0.25 mile  of the bay.   Sludge  from the
 farms was dumped on  the ground or burned in chambers.

     On Gould Island  is a disposal area on a steep embankment along  200 yards  of
 the west shoreline.  Wastes disposed of included  domestic trash,  scrap metal,
 wood, pipes, rusted drums, two diesel fuel tanks,  and  concrete blocks, and
 possibly electroplating and degreasing wastes.  Gould  Island Bunker 11
 previously contained 10 drums, contents unknown.   They were removed in 1982,  and
 the bunker was later demolished.  The site is in  the southwest portion of the
 island within 100 feet of Narragansett Bay.  This  portion of the island is  now
 under State control  and is accessible to the public by boat.   The Gould Island
 Electroplating Shop produced wastes similar to those deposited at the disposal
 area.  The wastes probably were dumped directly into the bay.  The  shop is  not
 accessible to the public.

     Lead and copper  are present in monitoring wells in McAllister Point Landfill,
 according to a 1986  IRP report.  An estimated 4,800 people obtain drinking  water
 and 220 acres of land are irrigated from private wells within  3 miles of
 hazardous substances at the site.

     Sediments collected from Narragansett Bay just off the shoreline  of
 McAllister Point Landfill contain lead, copper, and nickel, according to the
 1986 report.  Surface water and ground water flow from the landfill into the
 bay, which is used for boating and  fishing.  Because the bay is  an  inlet to the
 Atlantic Ocean, it is influenced by tides.  One tank farm is 300  feet from  a
 coastal wetland.

     The Navy and the Army Corps of  Engineers plan to undertake field  work by
 October 1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                          SAVANNAH RIVER SITE  (USDOE)
                             Aiken, South Carolina

    The Savannah River Site  (SRS), formerly  known as the Savannah River Plant,
lias produced nuclear materials for national  defense on a 192,000-acre site near
Aiken in Aiken, Allendale, and Barnvell Counties, South Carolina, since 1951.
First operated by the Atomic Energy Commission,  it is now operated by the U.S.
Department of Energy  (USDOE).  The area around SRS is heavily wooded and ranges
from dry hilltops to swampland.

    SRS operations generate a variety of radioactive, nonradioactive, and mixed
(radioactive and nonradioactive) hazardous wastes.  Past and present disposal
practices include seepage basins for liquids,  pits and piles for  solids, and
landfills for low-level  radioactive wastes.                     •.,..

    According to a 1987  USDOE report, shallow  ground water on various parts of
the site has been contaminated with volatile organic compounds  (degreasing
solvents), heavy metals  (lead, chromium, mercury, and cadmium), radionuclides
(tritium, uranium, fission products, and Plutonium), and other miscellaneous
chemicals (e.g., nitrates).

    Contamination has been found in the A-Area Burning/Rubble Pit, where
degreasers and solvents  were deposited during  1951-73..  In 1985,  trichloro--
ethylene (TCE) was detected in nearby monitoring wells.  Soil in  the A-Area
Miscellaneous Chemical Basin, 'which reportedly received drums of  waste
solvents, also contains  TCE.  The 3,200 residents of Jackson, South  Carolina,
receive drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
SRS.

    A small quantity of  depleted uranium was released in January  1984 into
Upper Three Runs Creek,  according to USDOE.  The creek and all other surface
water from SRS flow into the Savannah River, which is a major navigable river
and forms the southern border between South  Carolina and Georgia.  Along the
banks of the river is a  10,000-acre wetland  known as the Savannah River Swamp.
A March 1987 USDOE report indicates the swamp  is contaminated with chromium,
mercury, radium, thorium, and uranium, which overflowed from- an old  seepage
basin.

    USDOE is investigating SRS under its Comprehensive Environmental
Assessment and Response  Program.  Under the  program, USDOE is developing plans
for studying several contaminated areas.  Also,  USDOE will close  some areas on
SRS and conduct postclosure monitoring under a permit issued under Subtitle C
of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                         CMC RIDGE RESERVATION  (USDOE)
                              Oak Ridge, Tennessee

    The Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR), operated by the U.S. Department  of
Energy {USDOE), covers about 58,000 acres  in Oak Ridge, in Anderson and  Roane
Counties, Tennessee.  The area around the  reservation  is predominately rural
except for the City of Oak Ridge (population 28,000).  ORR consists of three
major operating facilities:  Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a research lab
that includes nuclear reactors, chemical plants, and radiosotope production
labs; Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, a production  complex engaged
primarily in the enrichment  of uranium-235; and the Y-12 Plant, located
immediately adjacent to the  City of Oak Ridge, which produces nuclear weapon
components, processes nuclear materials, and performs  other related
functions.

    ORR operations generate  a variety of radioactive,  nonradioactive,  and
mixed (radioactive and nonradioactive) hazardous wastes, many of which in the
past were disposed of or stored on-site.  Leakage from inactive disposal and
storage facilities, coupled  with spills and other accidental releases, has
contaminated many areas in and around ORR.

    Metals, organics, and radionuclides have been detected in ORR soil,
ground water, and surface water.  At present, ground water contamination
appears confined to ORR.

    A 1983 study by USDOE estimates that 733,000 pounds of elemental  mercury
were released to the environment in 'the 1950s and 1960s around the Y-12
Plant.  Most of the contamination around Y-12 is confined to the upper 10
feet of soils and fill.  Additional studies revealed that some 170,000 pounds
of mercury are contained in  the sediments  and floodplain of about a 15-mile
length of East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC), which has its headwaters at  Y-12,
and that some 500 pounds of  mercury annually leave this watershed.  Mercury
and cesium-137 have been detected at higher than background levels in
sediments of the Tennessee River near Chattanooga, some 118 miles downstream
of ORR.  Seven water intakes in this 118-mile stretch  provide drinking water
to an estimated 43,200 people.  Wetlands in the Blyth  Ferry Water Fowl
Management Area are also near the 118-mile stretch of  the river.

     EFPC flows through the  City of Oak Ridge, exposing people to mercury-
contaminated soils in the easily accessible areas of the floodplains  of  the
creek.  USDOE has removed soil at several  locations along the creek where
mercury concentrations were  particularly high.

     USDOE is investigating  ORR under its Comprehensive Environmental
Assessment and Response Program.  Under the program, USDOE is conducting
studies involving requirements of CERCLA and of permits issued under  Subtitle
C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).  The permits  call for
closing some units on ORR,conducting,postclosure monitoring, and evaluating
over 500 solid waste management units under RCRA Sections 3004 (u) and (v).
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                         lOUGHQRN ARMY AWOSUTICN PLANT
                                 Karnack, Taxas

    Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant  (LAAP) covers 8,490  acres between State
Highway 43 and Caddo Lake in Karnack, Harrison County,  Taxas.  The  area is
primarily rural.  Established in 1941, LAAP has been operated since 1956
by Thiokol Corp.  Its primary mission is to load, assemble, and pack solid
propellant rocket motors and pyrotechnic and illuminating ammunition.   Until
about 1984, production wastes were washed into ponds or burned in landfills.
At present, explosive residues, waste water treatment sludge from explosives,
and brine sludge are burned in an incineration area.  Liquid and  solid wastes
are now placed in drums and stored  in separate areas until disposal is
arranged.

    LAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in  1978, the Department of Defense  seeks to
identify, investigate, and.clean up contamination from  hazardous  substances.
Under IRP, the Army has identified  11 contaminated or potentially contaminated
areas.  Among them are the Active Burning Grounds, where flammable  wastes have
been .burned since the early 1950s; the Uhlined Evaporation Pond (in the Active
Burning Grounds), into which an estimated 16,000 gallons per day  of waste
containing arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc, and organic nitrogen
compounds were discharged during 1972-84; the Old Landfill, where
trinitrotoluene  (TNT) wastes were disposed of during 1942-44; the Former TNT
Production Area; and the Ground Signal Test Area and South Test Area,  where
various rocket motors and ammunition are tested.

    A 1984 IRP study reports barium, chromium, and lead in sediments from the
Uhlined.Evaporation Pond, and barium in soil from the Old Landfill.   The study .
also found that arsenic, barium, chromium, lead, zinc,  1,3-dinitrobenzene, and
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene are present in on-site monitoring wells near  the Active
Burning Grounds.  An estimated 1,900 people obtain drinking water from wells
within 3 miles of hazardous substances on LAPP.  The nearest well is 500 feet
from LAAP's northern boundary.

    Dinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrobenzene,
and 2,6-dinitrotoluene are present  in surface waters, according to  the 1984 IRP
study..  The contaminants originate  from at least two areas in LAAP:   the Old
Landfill and the Former TNT Production Area.  Harrison  Bayou flows  east of the
Old Landfill; the Production Area is drained by Goose Prairie Creek and Central
Creek.  Goose Prairie Creek, Central Creek, and Harrison Bayou drain into Caddo
Lake.  Caddo Lake, a part of the Big Cypress Bayou, which flows into the Red
River, is used for recreational activities.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                       lynSTnCELLO MILL TAILINGS (USDOE)
                                MDnticello, Utah

    The Monticello Mill Tailings Site covers 78 acres at the  southern edge of
Monticello in San Juan County, Utah.  The  area is. in a  sparsely populated  part
of southeastern Utah.  The property to the south  is  controlled by the Bureau of
Land Management.  The U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE)  now owns  the site.

    The mill opened in 1942, recovering vanadium  from the uranium/vanadium
ores of the Colorado Plateau.  The Atomic  Energy  Commission,  predecessor of
USDOE, bought the site in 1948,'  recovering uranium until the  mill closed
permanently in January 1960.  In subsequent years, the  two agencies took
various actions to dismantle the mill, stabilize  the piles of tailings,  clean
up the ore-stock pile areas, and demolish  and  bury the,;mill foundation.

    Ore processing activities at the mill  generated  large quantities of  mill
tailings that now cover approximately 68 acres.   These  tailings were segregated
into four discrete piles on the  basis of content  and mill process:   the
carbonate pile, vanadium pile, acid pile,  and  east pile.  The potentially
radioactive contaminated materials  (mill tailings and contaminated soils)  total
approximately 1.6 million tons,  according  to a 1984  USDOE report.   In 1961,  the
tailings piles were covered with soil and  revegetated.   At least  two piles have
no liners.                 "                                       •

    The site is underlain by a shallow alluvial aquifer; which is contaminated
with arsenic (0.19 mg/1), selenium  (0.16 mg/1), uranium (12.8 mg/1), and
vanadium  (4.7 mg/1), according to a 1988 USDOE report.   Within 3  miles of  the
site, municipal and private wells tapping  a deeper aquifer provide drinking
water to an estimated 1,900 people.  A municipal  well is less than 1,200 feet
from the tailings piles.  MDntezuma Creek, which  flows  through the middle  of
the tailings piles, .is also contaminated with  arsenic,  selenium,  uranium,  and
vanadium, according to the 1988  USDOE report.   The levels of  some contaminants
exceed water quality standards.  The creek is  used for  irrigation within 3
miles downstream of the site.

    Padon was present in the air near the  piles in tests conducted in 1983-84
by a USDOE contractor.  The nearest residential area is approximately 1,000
feet from the tailings piles, and agricultural land  starts at 1,700 feet.

    USDOE is investigating the site under  the  Formerly  Utilized Site Remedial
Action Program.  Under a CERCLA  Section 120 Federal  facility  Agreement among
EPA, USDOE and the State, USDOE  is required to investigate and clean up  the
site to meet CERCIA standards.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List
 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive. Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                         BANGQR NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE
                            Silverdale, Washington

    The Bangor Naval Submarine  Base  covers 7,000 acres• on Hood Canal near
Silverdale, Kitsap County, Washington.  The area around the base  is primarily
residential.  Established in  1946, it now has  the  primary mission of basing
Trident submarines.

    In July 1987, a 6-acre hazardous waste site on the  base known as Site A was
placed on the NFL under the name "Bangor Ordnance  Disposal."

    The Bangor Naval Submarine  Base  is participating in the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to  identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination from hazardous materials.  As part of  IRP, the Navy has
identified 19 additional waste  areas within 1.5 miles of each other where
industrial wastes and waste water containing explosives were mishandled.   The
areas include ordnance burn and disposal pits, pesticide storage  and disposal
areas, a PCB spill area, a portion of Hood Canal with contaminated sediments,
and Clear Creek.

    Cyclonite (RDX), trinitrotoluene (TNT), ammonium picrate, ammonium
picramate, and propylene glycol dinitrate are  present  in numerous wells on the
base, according to IRP tests conducted in 1983.  An  estimated 18,000 people,
including base employees and  local residents,  obtain drinking water from public
and private wells within 3 miles of  hazardous  substances on the base.  Ground
water is also used for irrigation.

    The 1983 tests identified most of the same explosives, as well as copper
and lead, in surface waters and shellfish in three locations on the base.   The
waters drain into Hood Canal and Clear Creek.  Waste waters containing
explosives were routinely discharged to surface waters, and ships in Hood Canal
were painted with paints containing  heavy metals.  The  Navy also  has found
these contaminants in shellfish in Hood Canal, which is used for  recreational
activities and contains commercially valuable  fish and  shellfish.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

             BCNNEvTLLE POWER AEMI1SIISTRATION ROSS COMPLEX (USDOE)
                            Vancouver,  Washington

     The Eonneville Power Administration (BPA)  Ross Complex has occupied
approximately 200 acres in  a residential area in Clark County north of Vancouver,
Washington, since 1939.   It became  part of the U.S. Department of Energy  (USDOE)
when the department was established.  Ross Complex serves as the control center  for
generation and transmission of  electricity throughout the Pacific Northwest.

     According to a preliminary assessment made in 1986 by BPA, a number of storage
and disposal areas pose a potential threat, including:  DOB-1 Drainfield, where
laboratory wastes were  deposited; the Cold Creek Fill Area, where soil potentially
contaminated with oil,  PCBs, and heavy  metals was disposed of; and the Fog Chamber
Disposal Area, where  capacitors containing PCBs were buried in trenches.

     In 1987 and 1988,  BPA  sampled  an on-site well; analyses detected chloroform,
1,1-dichloroethane, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.   An estimated 105,000 people in
Vancouver obtain drinking water from  public wells within 3 miles of the site.

     Cold Creek is 450  feet downslope of the site.  It is fed by shallow ground
water that flows under  the  Ross Complex. -Vancouver Lake, 1.5 miles from Cold
Creek, is used for fishing  and  other  recreational activities.

     In June 19-88, USDOE  completed  a  site inspection of the Ross Complex.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
. National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                          FORT LEWIS LOGISTICS CENTER
                              Tillicum, Washington

    The Fort Lewis Logistics  Center has operated on stout 650 acres southeast
of Tillicum, Pierce County, Washington, since  1942.  The  area around the center
is military and  residential.  Its primary mission is to maintain,  repair, and
store military supplies.

    Trichloroethylene (TCE) and trans-l,2-dichloroethylene (trans)  are used as
solvents at several locations and stored  inside  or adjacent to buildings.
Until the 1970s, waste TCE and sludge  containing TCE and  petroleum were
disposed of directly into the ground at three  known areas in or adjacent to the
center, which is in the northeast portion of the 86,500 acres occupied by Fort
Lewis.  Fort. Lewis (Landfill  No. 5) was placed on the  NFL in July 1987.

    Fort Lewis is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (ERP).
Under this program, established in 1978,  the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.

    In 1986, IRP studies detected TCE  and trans, as well  as low levels of 1,1-
dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,  and 1,1-dichloroethane,  in monitoring
wells at the center.  A plume of ground water  contaminated with TCE extends
toward Tillicum  approximately 2 miles  downgradiefit of  the southern edge
of the center, measures 2,500 feet wide,  and reaches at least 80 feet below -the
water table, which is at 5-20 feet below  the surface.   A  plume of trans similar
but slightly smaller is also  present.  The  TCE plume passes within 100 feet of
a public well serving Tillicum.  The lower  aquifer is  also contaminated with
TCE, according to tests conducted in 1988 by the Army. An estimated 46,000
people obtain drinking water  from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances
at the center.

    As part of a Memorandum of Agreement  signed  by Fort Lewis and EPA on May
23, 1987, the Army is conducting a remedial investigation to determine the type
and extent of contamination at the center.   It is scheduled to be completed in
the sunnier of 1989.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
 National Priorities List

 Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986

                           F.E.  WARREN AIR FORCE BASE
                               Cheyenne, Wyoming

    F.E. Warren Air Force Base  is  in Cheyenne,  Laramie County,  Wyoming.   The
main base covers 5,866 acres and is  10 miles north of the Colorado border and
40 miles west of the Nebraska border.' Agricultural  land is to  the north,
south, and west; undeveloped residential land  to the northeast  and southwest;
Cheyenne to the east; and some  industrial development to the southeast.

    The base began as an Army outpost in 1867  and  became a part of the Air
Force system in 1947.  Since 1963, the 90th Strategic Missile Wing has been the
host unit.

    Warren Air Force Base is participating in  the  Installation  Restoration
Program  (IRP).  Under this program,  established in 1978, the Department  of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean  up contamination from
hazardous materials.  As part of IRP, the Air  Force  has identified 18 areas as
potentially containing hazardous substances that can migrate.   Of the 18, 7
involve spills or leaks, 6 are  landfills, 2 are fire training areas,  1 is a
battery acid disposal pit, 1 is  the  firing range,  and 1 involves  surface water.
The hazardous materials or leaks were primarily gasoline, oil,  hydraulic fluid,
ethylene glycol, battery acid, and trichloroethylene (TCE).   The  industrial
wastes formerly disposed of. on the base consisted  primarily of  waste  .
lubricating oils, hydraulic fluid, ethylene glycol,  solvents, batteries,
battery acid, coal ash, fly ash, and paint.

    TCE and chloroform, both of  which are involved in maintenance operations,
are present in monitoring wells  on the base, according to tests conducted in
May and June 1987 by the U;S. Geological Survey (USGS).   An estimated 2,400
people obtain drinking water from  private wells within 3 miles  of hazardous
substances on the base.

    USGS also detected lead in soil  at the firing  range, and TCE  in Crow and
Diamond Creeks on the base downgradient of spill areas.
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------
ADDENDUM

-------
National Priorities List

Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986


                       MATHER AIR FORCE BASE  (AC&W DISPOSAL SITE)
                                  Sacramento,  California

     Conditions at listing  (October  1984):  Mather Air  Force Base is located
near Sacramento, Sacramento County,  California.   Its mission as  an air training
command base is to train pilots and  act as support for  the Strategic Air Command.
This effort includes maintenance  of  aircraft  and other  machinery.

     A records search of base operations has  located a  disposal  site in the
Aircraft Control and Warning  (AC&W)  area of the  base.   This is the current
NFL site.   It is now occupied by  the Strategic Air Command Security Police
Headquarters.  The Air Force  has  determined that spent  trichloroethylene (TCE)
was disposed of in a pit on the site from about  1958 to 1966.  A well near the .
site was used for drinking water  until October 1979, when it was shut down due
to TCE contamination.  The well now  provides  water for  fire protection.

     Mather Air Force Base is participating in the Installation  Restoration
Program (IRP).  Under this program,  established  in 1978,  the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and  clean up  contamination from  hazardous
materials.  The Air Force has completed Phase I  (records  search).  Phase II
(preliminary survey) is underway.

     Status  (July 1987):  Phase II of the IRP for Mather  Air Force Base has
been divided into stages.  The first stage investigated the cause and extent
of contamination at three areas on the base,  including  the AC&W  Disposal Site,
considered by the Air Force to have  high priority.   The second stage
investigated 15 other areas on the base.  The" third  stage, currently in pro-
gress, continues the ground water investigation  of Stage  1, with the drilling
of additional monitoring wells and ground water  sampling.

     Status  (June 1989);  The Mather Air Force Base  (AC&W Disposal Site) was
placed on the final NPL in July 1987.  EPA is now proposing to expand this
final site to include the entire  base, not just  the  AC&W  Disposal area.
The original site had contaminated portions of the large  aquifer near some base
production wells.  Since then, EPA has determined that  gcJ.ijiti.onal areas of the
base are responsible for further  contamination of the aquifer, and may be
responsible for contamination off-base.  EPA  is  requesting comment on the proposal.
The site would be renamed "Mather Air Force Base."
 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program

-------