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Februaryl990
DESCRIPTIONS OF 71 SITES PLACED ON THE
FINAL NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST IN, FEBRUARY 1990
This document consists of descriptions of 71 sites placed on tfte
National Priorities List (NPL) in February 1990. Also included as an addendum
is a description of one site being dropped from the proposed NPL.
The size of the site is generally indicated, based on information
available at the time the site was scored using the Hazard Ranking System.
The size may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and
extent of contamination.
Sites are arranged alphabetically by State (two-letter abbreviations) and
by site name.
Remedial Actions Under Superfund
•
The Superfund program is authorized by the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), enacted on December 11,
1980, and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), enacted on
October 17, 1986. Under SARA, the Hazardous Substances Superfund pays the
costs not assumed by responsible parties for cleaning up hazardous waste sites
or emergencies that threaten public health, welfare, or the environment. The
Superfund program is managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA).
Two types of responses may be taken when a hazardous substance is released
(or threatens to be released) into the environment:
o Removal actions, emergency-type responses to imminent threats. SARA
limits these actions to 1 year and/or $2 million, with a waiver
possible if the actions are consistent with remedial actions. Removal
actions can be undertaken by the private parties responsible for the
releases or by the Federal Government using the Superfund.
o Remedial responses, actions intended to provide permanent solutions at
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Remedial responses are generally
longer-term and more expensive than removals. A Superfund remedial
response can be taken only if a site is on the NPL. After publishing
two preliminary lists and proposing a formal list, EPA published the
first NPL in September 1983. The list must be updated at least
annually.
The money for conducting a remedial response or removal action at a
hazardous waste site.can come from several sources:
o The individuals or companies responsible for the problems
can clean up voluntarily with EPA or State supervision.
o The responsible party or parties can be forced to clean up
by Federal or State legal action.
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o A State or local government can choose to assume the
responsibility to clean up without Federal dollars.
o Superfund can pay for the cleanup, then seek to recover
the costs from the responsible party or parties.
A remedial response under Superfund is an orderly process that generally
involves the following steps:
o Take any measures needed to stabilize conditions, which -^
might involve, for example, fencing the site or removing
above-ground drums or bulk tanks.
o Undertake initial planning activities to scope out a
strategy for collecting information and analyzing
alternative courses of action.
• o Conduct a remedial investigation to determirle the type
and extent of contamination at the site.
o Conduct a feasibility study to analyze various cleanup
alternatives. The feasibility study is often conducted
with the remedial investigation as one project. Typically,
the two together cost $1 million and take from 9 to 18
months to complete.
o Select the cleanup alternative that:
-- Protects human health and the environment
-- Attains Federal and State requirements that are
applicable or relevant and appropriate
• - Makes maximum use of permanent solutions, alternative
treatment technologies, or resource recovery
technologies
--Is "cost effective" -- that is, the results achieved
are proportional to the cost (tentative working
definition)
o Design the remedy. Typically, the design phase costs
$750,000 and takes 6 to 12 months.
o Implement the remedy, which might involve, for example,
constructing facilities to treat ground water or removing
contaminants to a safe disposal area away from the site.
The implementation phase typically lasts 6 to 12 months.
The State government can participate in a remedial
response under Superfund in one of two ways:
o The State can take the lead role under a cooperative
agreement, which is much like a grant in that Federal
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dollars are transferred to the State. The State then
develops a workplan, schedule, and budget, contracts for
any services it needs, and is responsible for making sure
that all the conditions in the cooperative agreement are
met. In contrast to a grant, EPA continues to be
substantially involved and monitors the State's progress
throughout the project.
o EPA can take the lead under a Superfund State Contract,
with the State having an advisory role. EPA, generally
using contractor support, manages work early in the
planning process. In the later design and implementation
(construction) phases, contractors do the work under the
supervision of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Under
both arrangements, the State must share in the cost of the
implementation phase of cleanup. EPA expects this phase
to average out at about $13.5 million per site, plus any
costs to operate and maintain the remedial action.
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
REDWING CARRIERS, INC. (SARAIAND)
Saraland,
Conditions at: listing (June 1988) : Redwing Carriers, Inc. , started
operating a chemical-transporting business in March 1961 on 1 acre at Number
527 on U.S. 43 in Saraland, Mobile County, Alabama. The company sold the
property in May 1971 and relocated to Creola, Alabama, in 1972. Redwing used
the Saraland site as a parking and washing terminal for its trucks, which
reportedly carried numerous substances, including asphalt, diesel fuel,
pesticides, tall oil, and sulfuric acid. After the property was sold, it was
covered with fill material and graded. An apartment complex housing
approximately 160 people was then built on the site.
After residents of the apartment complex noticed tar-like material oozing
to the surface at numerous locations, the Alabama Department of Environmental
Management inspected the complex and then notified EPA. In April and May
1985, EPA detected high concentrations of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and
naphthalene in the soil and in leachate caning from the tarry material.
On July 3, 1985, EPA issued an Administrative Order on Consent calling for
Redwing to remove the tar-like material. In response, Redwing removed some of
the contaminated soil to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C
of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The company periodically
inspects the site and removes any tar rising to the surface.
The primary aquifer underlying the site is a group of alluvial and
terrace deposits ranging in thickness from a thin veneer to more than 150 feet
and consisting of fine- to coarse-grained sands, gravels, silts, sandy clay,
and organic material. The ground water in the vicinity of the site is
approximately 10 feet below the surface. These conditions facilitate movement
of contaminants into ground water. Drinking water in the area is supplied by
the City of Saraland Water Department, which obtains its water from three 100-
foot-deep wells less than 2 miles from the site. The drinking water of 19,000
people is potentially threatened.
Status (December 1989) ; EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
YUMA MARINE CORPS AIR STATION
Yuma, Arizona
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Marine Corps Air Station
southeast of Yuma, Yuma County, Arizona, covers approximately 3,000 acres on
the Yuma Mesa. Since about the mid-1950s, large volumes of waste fuels and
solvents from refueling and servicing of airplanes have been disposed of
directly onto the ground or into unlined pits. In addition, combustible
materials such as fuel oil and organic solvents have been deposited on the
ground and burned during fire-training exercises.
The Navy has identified methyl ethyl ketone, trichloroethylene,
trichloroethane, and carbon tetrachloride in soils on the station. Soils are
permeable and ground water shallow (40 feet), conditions that facilitate
movement of contaminants into ground water. Approximately 5,700 people live
on the station. Normally they obtain drinking water from the Colorado River
via an irrigation canal. During maintenance work on the canal (approximately
1 month each year), drinking water comes from an on-station well. An
additional 3,300 base employees use water from this well.
Station Yuma is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP), established in 1978. Wider the program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contaminants from hazardous
materials. As part of IRP, the Navy has installed wells and sampled ground
water and soil.
Status (December 1989); In November 1989, the Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality sampled off-site wells to determine if there is a ground
water quality problem downgradient of Station Yuma.
As part of the Site Investigation, the Navy has installed three
additional wells on the base perimeter and collected additional soil samples.
In early 1990, the Navy plans to begin a remedial investigation/feasibility
study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CIS PRINTEX, INC.
Mountain View, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988); CIS Printex, Inc., manufactured
printed circuit boards on 5.6 acres of land in Mountain View, Santa Clara
County, California, during 1966-85. Printex was incorporated in 1966 and
acquired by GTS Corp. in 1981.
In the "wet-floor" building at 1911 Plymouth Street, acid waste water
containing copper, lead, and organic wastes containing trichloroethylene (TCE)
and other solvents drained to the floor, collected in a sump where they were
neutralized with ammonia, and discharged to the Mountain View sanitary sewer.
Early in 1985, a consultant to CIS Corp. found high levels of copper and
lead in soil near the wet-floor building and high levels of TCE, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, and 1,1-dichloroethylene in monitoring wells downgradient of
the site. An estimated 189,000 people obtain drinking water from municipal
wells within 3 miles of the site. Permanente Creek borders the site. Surface
water drainage eventually discharges to San Francisco Bay 2.5 miles to the
north.
late in 1985, the company excavated the sump area and filled it in,
decontaminated the building, and transported waste materials to a hazardous
waste facility regulated under Subtitle C^ of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). In October 1986, /the California Department of Health
Services certified closure of the facility.
In an attempt to stop migration of contaminated ground water off-site,
the company is pumping the water and discharging it to Mountain View's
sanitary sewer system under a city permit. Ihe company continues to monitor
to define the plume of contaminated ground water.
In March 1987, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board
(CRWQB) issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order requiring the company to be more
expeditious and thorough in its cleanup and set a schedule for various on- and
off-site tasks.
Status (December 1989); CIS Printex is conducting a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/ES) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. In
November 1989, CRWQB received the first draft of the RI/FS for review. Ihe
final draft is scheduled to be submitted in late 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EL TORO MARINE CORPS AIR STATION
El Toro, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The El Toro Marine Corps Air Station
covers approximately 4,700 acres southeast of Santa Ana in El Toro, Orange
County, California. Commissioned in 1943, it supports the Fleet Marine Forces
in the Pacific Ocean. The surrounding area, once primarily agricultural, is
urbanizing rapidly.
Station El Toro is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP), established in 1978. Under the program the Department of Defense seeks
to identify, investigate, and clean up contaminants from hazardous materials.
As part of IRP, the Navy identified 21 problem areas at the station, including
three landfills containing both hazardous and solid waste; buried drums of
explosives and low-level radioactive waste; and areas where PCBs, battery
acids, leaded fuels, and other hazardous substances were dumped or spilled.
In tests conducted early in 1987, the Orange County Water District found
trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in shallow irrigation wells on and
downgradient of the site. An estimated 1,100 acres of land are irrigated by
wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (December 1989); In April 1989, Station El Toro prepared a
Perimeter Investigation Interim Report which focused on four contaminated
areas. Further studies are continuing to determine the extent and sources of
contamination.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
FORT ORD
Marina, California
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Fort Ord covers 46 square miio*? on
Monterey Bay approximately 5.6 miles north of Monterey, Monterey County,
California. Ihe installation is bordered by the City of Marina and the
Salinas River to the north, El Toro Creek to the east, Seaside and Del Rey
Oaks to the south, and Monterey Bay to the west.
Fort Ord was established in 1917 as a maneuver area and field artillery
target range for units then stationed at the Presidio of Monterey. Its
primary mission now is training. Industrial operations at Fort Ord include
vehicle maintenance areas, a battery charging/repair facility, photographic
processing laboratories, spray painting operations, a plastics shop,
laundry/dry cleaning facilities, vehicle wash racks, and a small arms repair
shop. Chemicals and hazardous wastes were managed and disposed of at Fort
Ord.
According to tests conducted by the Army in 1986, elevated levels of
contaminants were detected in off-base ground water. Ihe contamination is
emanating from the base and may be contaminating the drinking water supplies
of the City of Marina; however, the exact location of the source has not yet
been identified. Ihe contaminants include carbon tetrachloride,
tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene. An estimated 38,600 people obtain drinking water from wells
within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the fort. Ground water is also used
for irrigation. In addition, soil and ground water are contaminated at the
Fire Drill Area, where approximately 600 gallons of petroleum products have
been spilled. Fort Ord has identified at least 18 other contamination
problems.
Fort Ord is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP).
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
As part of IRP, the Army is implementing a sampling plan to investigate ground
water contamination. The Army is treating contaminated soil and ground water
at nearby Fritzsche Army Airfield Fire Drill Area.
Status fDecembgr 1989); IRP activities continue.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
(SRC'IBCT! ATP FORCE BASE
Victorville, California
at listing f July 1989) ; George Air Force Racu=> (GAFB) occupies
5,347 acres in the Mojave Desert region near Victorville, San Bernardino
County, California. It was established in 1941 to conduct tactical fighter
operations and provide training for aircraft and maintenance personnel.
Industrial operations, including maintenance of aircraft and ground support
equipment, involved use and disposal of solvents.
GAFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) .
Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
During IRP tests conducted between March and May 1986, the Air Force
discovered trichloroethylene (TCE) in ground water on and off the base. The
northeast section of GAFB, used for disposal of solvents, appears to be one
source of the contamination, although several other areas on the base are also
suspected of contributing to the contamination. In addition to TCE, benzene
and 1,2-dichloroethane were detected in on-base monitoring wells at levels
that exceed State and Federal drinking water standards. An estimated 11,000
people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances
on the base. The wells are upgradient of known contamination.
GAFB has installed additional wells to determine the extent of TCE
contamination. Remedial action is planned to recover, treat, and dispose of
contaminated ground water. The California Regional Water Quality Control
Board is reviewing GAFB's workplan for these activities. GAFB is in the
process of contracting for the remedial action.
(December 1989) t GAFB has contracted for the remedial action,
which is scheduled to begin early in 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HEWLETT-PACKARD (620-640 PACT! MILL ROAD)
Palo Alto, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Hewlett-Packard manufactured
optoelectronic equipment on a 10-acre site at 620-640 Page Mill Road in Palo
Alto, Santa dara County, California, until 1986. In July 1981, at least 300
gallons of waste solvents, including 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene,
toluene, xylene, and alcohols, leaked from a buried storage tank for a period
of at least 3 weeks. The company excavated the tank and approximately 100
cubic yards of contaminated soil and transported the materials to a hazardous
waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act. Since 1982, the company has been pumping and treating
contaminated ground water.
Tests conducted in 1986 by a consultant to Hewlett-Packard detected
trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, and xylene, several in high concentrations (290,000 parts per
billion), in ground water under the tank area. An estimated 57,000 people
obtain drinking water from municipal wells within 3 miles of the site.
In 1987, Hewlett-Packard excavated an additional 810 cubic yards of soil
around the former tank area.
Status (December 1989) t Hewlett-Packard is conducting a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
off-site contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action. A
report on the RI/FS is due in February 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
RIVERBANK ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
Rivezbank, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988) t The Riverbank Amy Ammunition Plant
(RBAAP) covers approximately 173 acres in Riverbank about 10 miles northeast
of Modesto, California, on the northern border of Stanislaus County* The main
facility comprises 145 acres. Four unlined industrial waste treatment ponds
in the floodplain of the Stanislaus River approximately 1.5 miles north of the
main facility account for the remaining 28 acres.
In 1942, the Aluminum Co. of America constructed RBAAP as an aluminum
reduction plant to supply the military. It closed in 1944. Since reopening
in 1951, the facility, with Norris Industries, Inc., as the operating
contractor, has manufactured materials such as cartridge cases, grenades, and
projectiles. As a result of industrial activities, RBAAP has generated varying
quantities of corrosive wastes (phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and caustic
cleaners), solvents, spent pickle liquids, and waste water containing metals.
According to tests conducted by the Army, significant levels of contami-
nants, including chromium, cyanide, and 1,1-dichloroethylene, have migrated
into ground water close to or beyond the installation boundary. About 13,700
people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site, and at least 3,500 acres of nut and fruit orchards are partially
irrigated by ground water. The Army has also found that sediments in the
waste treatment ponds contain chromium, lead, and zinc. Overflows from the
ponds have dumped into the Stanislaus River, and the river has occasionally
overflowed into the ponds during periods of flooding. The river is used for
irrigation and recreational activities.
RBAAP is participating in the Installation Restoration Program,
established in 1978. Under this program the Department of Defense seeks to
identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials.
The Army has completed a preliminary assessment and is now conducting a
remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Status (December 19891: RBAAP is starting cleanup actions involving
treatment of contaminated ground water and pond sediments.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SOLA OPTICAL USA, INC.
Petaluma, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Sola Optical USA, Inc., has
manufactured optical lenses at its 35-acre facility at 3600 Lakevilie
Highway, Petaluma, Petaluma County, California, since 1978. During 1978-
82, Sola stored acetone, and other solvents in underground tanks at the
site. In May 1982, the California Department of Health Services
identified acetone in a well on the Sola property. Subsequently,
consultants for Sola reported that soil adjacent to six underground
solvent storage tanks at the facility was contaminated with
trichloroethane (TCA) and methylene chloride. In 1985, Sola removed the
tanks and confirmed that shallow ground water under the site was
contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including 1,1-
dichloroethylene, TCA, and 1,1-dichloroethane.
A public well, Petaluma Station 5 City Well, is approximately 500
feet from contaminated wells on-site. The well is joined to the Petaluma
Water Department distribution system, which serves an estimated 50,000
people. In 1986 and 1987, the well contained low levels of TCA and other
solvents in several samples taken by the California Department of Health
Services and by Sola. Tests conducted in November 1986 by the California
State Water Resources Control Board showed a hydraulic connection between
the Station 5 well and several on-site contaminated wells, establishing
the potential for site contaminants to migrate into the Station 5 well.
In May 1985, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board
(CRWQCB) issued Waste Discharge Requirements calling for Sola to conduct
ground water studies. In April 1987, the board issued Site Cleanup
Requirements calling for Sola to determine the lateral and vertical extent
of ground water contamination and to propose remedial action alternatives.
Status (December 1989): In response to the April 1987 requirements,
Sola has installed nine new monitoring wells and seven extraction wells
and has begun to operate a system to pump shallow ground water to the
surface and treat it with activated carbon to remove VOCs. To improve the
system's efficiency, the Station 5 well is not pumped while the system
operates.
On October 2, 1989, EPA and Sola signed an Administrative Order on
Consent under CERCLA Sections 104 and 122 for Sola to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TEW MICROWAVE, INC. (BUILDING 825)
Sunnyvale, California
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The TEW Microwave, Inc. (Building
825) Site is located at 825 Stewart Drive, Sunnyvale, Santa Clara County,
California. Three sites are nearby: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., placed on
the NFL in June 1986; Signetics, Inc., proposed in October 1984 and later
dimmed; and Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (Building 915), proposed to the NFL
in June 1988. The sites are owned and operated by semiconductor/
microprocessor manufacturers and have contributed to a commingled plume of
ground water contaminated with organic solvents that has migrated off the
sites to the north.
Contamination at Building 825 was first identified in April 1983 when a
TEW contractor found up to 41,000 parts per billion (ppb) of trichloroethylene
(ICE) in on-site wells. In May 1983, the California Regional Water CAiality
Control Board (CRNQCB) found that ground water beneath the building was
contaminated with dichlorobenzene, tetrachloroethylene, ICE, acetone, N-butyl
acetate, and xylene. Upgradient wells on the south side of the property
showed only low levels of contamination, indicating that TEW is a point source
of contamination.
In September 1983, TEW excavated soil at the site, removed an underground
tank, and transported the materials to a ha*a:rrV«va waste facility regulated
under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. However,
CEWQCB found that these measures did not correct the ground water
contamination problem.
Contaminants from a leaking 750-gallon solvent storage tank at Building
825 have the potential to migrate to deeper drinking water aquifers.
Municipal wells for Santa dara and Mountain View tap the deep aquifer between
250 and 750 feet and serve an estimated 300,000 people. Inported surface
drinking water is not considered an available alternative due to the size of
the potentially affected population.
On June 21, 1984, CRHQCB issued a Cleanup and Abatement Order under the
California Water Code requiring TEW Microwave, Advanced Micro, and Signetics
to develop a joint plan to prevent further migration of contaminants.
Since October 1985, under GFWQCB supervision, TEW has been operating a
system to pump out contaminated ground water on its site, treat it on-site in
an air stripper, and discharge the treated water to Calabasas Creek and South
San Francisco Bay.
Status (December 1989); TEW Microwave, Signetics, and Advanced Micro
Devices, Inc. (ADM) have formed a group known as "The Companies" to clean up
the contaminated commingled plume. They are operating a system to pump and
treat the plume with an air stripper and carbon adsorption unit at AEM's
Building 915 site.
The Companies are conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FI) to determine the type and extent of contamination and identify
alternatives for remedial action at the ADM, Signetics, and TEW sites. AMD is
conducting a separate RI/FS for its Building 915 site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
LINEMASTER SWITCH CORP.
Woodstock, Connecticut
Conditions at listing (June 1988); T.ingmagt-/aT- switch Corp. has
manufactured electrical and pneumatic foot switches and produced wiring
harnesses on Plains Hill Road in Woodstock, Windham County, Connecticut, since
1952. Ihe 45-acre property is on a hill, with the factory building situated
near the top of the hill. Ihe site boundary has been expanded to 92 acres due
to contamination, extending to Route 171 to the south, Plains Hill Road to the
west, and Route 169 to the north and east. The site is surrounded by the Town
of Woodstock, a rural community of 5,300 people in the northeast corner of
Connecticut.
Facility operations involve trichloroethylene (TCE), paint, and thinners;
wastes are stored in barrels in sheds near the factory building.
<
In 1986, EPA detected TCE in on-site soil, ground water, surface water,
and sediment. TCE was detected in Linemaster's main pump house well, which
supplies drinking water to the factory and its offices. An estimated 2,800
people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site.
Solvents were also detected on-site in artificial ponds used for boating.
The site is unfenced, making it possible for people and animals to come into
direct contact with hazardous substances.
On April 8, 1986, the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
issued an Abatement Order requiring Linemaster to develop a plan for a
hydrological study that will be used to determine the extent and degree of
contamination on the site. The State is reviewing the company's workplan for
the study.
T/inomagtw started to provide bottled water for its 180 employees in
February 1986. With CERCIA emergency funds, starting in June 1986, EPA
provided bottled water for nearby residents that also have contaminated wells.
In September 1987, EPA and Linemaster signed a Consent Order under which
the company agreed to install monitoring wells and sample them to determine
the extent of contamination.
Status f December 1989): Linemaster is now supplying drinking water to
nearby residents and has capped contaminated areas on its property.
Additional activities Linemaster is conducting include pilot plant testing of
a system to remove volatile organic chemicals from soil by aeration and
further sampling of private wells, monitoring wells, soil, and surface water.
The State is reviewing Linemaster's plan to install a carbon treatment and
water distribution system to serve nearby residents.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
E.I. DU FONT DE NEM3URS & CO., INC.
(NEWPORT PIQffiNT PLANT LANDFILL)
Newport, Delaware
Conditions at listing (January 1987); A pigment plant of E.I. du Pont de
Nemours & Co., Inc., formerly operated a 7-acre industrial landfill next to
the plant in Newport, New Castle County, Delaware. The land to the north is
primarily residential. The majority of the remaining adjacent property is
low-lying land associated with the Christiana River marshes. To the southwest
is a sizable expanse of marshland covered by auto junkyards and rimmed by a
residential/commercial strip along Old Airport Road.
From 1902 to 1975, the landfill was used for the disposal of
inorganically bonded metals, plant pigments, pigment sludges, magnetic tapes,
and low-level radioactive residues, according to information Du Pont provided
to EPA as required by CERCLA Section 103(c).
When the landfill closed in 1975, Du Pont graded, covered, and seeded it
and installed 11 monitoring wells. Subsequent sampling by the Delaware
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, EPA, and Du Pont
indicated that the shallow Columbia Aquifer, and to a lesser degree, the
deeper Potomac Aquifer, have been contaminated, both on and off the site, with
heavy metals, including barium, cadmium, and zinc, as well as
trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene.
The Artesian Water Co., which serves 131,000 people throughout New Castle
County, has six wells within 3 miles of the site. Water from the wells is
blended in the distribution system. Thus, the water supply for the 131,000
people is potentially threatened. Private wells are also used for drinking
water supplies in some areas, the nearest well being 0.5 mile from the site.
Status (December 1989); On August 12, 1988, EPA and Du Pont signed a
Consent Order under CERCLA Section 106 under which the company is conducting a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action. The RI/FS indicates that contamination extends to a landfill and
wetlands south of the Christiana River, as well as to other areas. The RI/FS
is scheduled to be completed in 1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TYLER REFRIGERATION PIT
Smyrna, Delaware
Conditions at listing (June 1986); The Tyler Refrigeration Pit Site
involves a 500-cubic-yard unlined pit in Smyrna, Rent County, Delaware. From
at least 1952 to at least 1973, Tyler, which vised solvents to degrease and
clean refrigeration equipment, disposed of spent solvents, mostly
trichloroethylene (TCE), and sludge in the pit. Later, Tyler excavated the pit
to about 20 feet, filled it in, capped it with 6 inches of top soil and clay,
and planted vegetation. The site is now occupied by Metal Masters, which
manufactures commercial kitchen equipment.
In 1982, EPA detected elevated levels of toluene, 1,1-dichloroethane, and
I,l,l7trichloroethane (TCA) in on-site soils.
i
TCE has been detected in Smyrna municipal wells since 1977 and 1,1,1-TCA
since at least 1982. To remove contamination from the wells, the town improved
the efficiency of its air stripping process and added an activated carbon
filtration unit to its water treatment system. The concentration of TCE in
Smyrna's wells has significantly declined, but the concentration of TCA
continues to increase. The treatment system continues in operation.
According to the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control (DNREC), the Tyler pit is a likely contributor to the
contamination of Smyrna's wells, although there may be other sources. About
6,700 people depend on wells, both municipal and private, within 3 miles of
the site for their drinking water.
Status (December 1989); In January 1988, DNREC installed monitoring
wells at the site. DNREC sampling in May 1988 found 1,1,1-TCA, 1,1-
dichloroethane, and chromium in a downgradient monitoring well.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
AIRCO HATING CO.
Miami, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Airco Plating Co. has operated an
electroplating shop on a 1.5-acre site at 3650 N.W. 46th Street, Miami, Dade
County, Florida, since 1957. Principal processes at the plant involve nickel,
cadmium, chromium, copper, and zinc plating. Prior to 1973, wastes from the
plating operations, including sludge, were disposed of in three on-site
seepage ponds. Starting in 1973, plating wastes were pretreated and then
released into the Miami municipal sewage system. Since 1982, the sludges have
been separated and transported to a hazardous waste facility regulated under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
During a July 1985 investigation, EPA discovered that one of the areas
believed to have been used for waste disposal had been covered with asphalt
pavement and a lawn. Soil and ground water from near the ponds contained.
contaminants associated with electroplating.
During December 1986 and January 1987, EPA found cadmium, chromium,
copper, and nickel in surface and subsurface soil from near the ponds and the
lawn area between the ponds. Shallow ground water from these areas also
contained high concentrations of the same heavy metals.
The site is the recharge zone of the Biscayne Aquifer, which EPA has
designated as a sole source aquifer under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The
aquifer supplies drinking water for all of Dade County. Four municipal well
fields (the Upper and Irwer Miami Springs, the Hialeah, and the John E.
Preston) that supply drinking water to 750,000 people are within 3 miles of
the site. One well is within 10,200 feet of the site. Wells in the
contaminated area have been taken cut of service.
Status (December 1989); On May 18, 1989, Airco Plating entered a Consent
Agreement with Dade County. Under the order, Airco submitted a report to the
county in August 1989 recommending additional soil sampling and development of
a remedial action plan.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ANODYNE, INC.
North Miami Beach, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Anodyne, Inc., Site covers less
an 1 acre in the Sunshine State Industrial Park in North Miami Beach, Dade
County, Florida. The building that now occupies the site is divided into two
sections. The northern section is occupied by a furniture manufacturer, Mr.
Furniture. The southern section is occupied by United Parcel Service. The
entire site is owned by 745 Property Investments of Boston, Massachusetts.
From the early 1960s until 1975, Anodyne, Inc., produced lithographs and
silk screen prints on the site. Anodyne reportedly disposed of wastes in an
injection well near the north end of the building before 1973, when the
company connected to the Myrtle Grove Sewerage System. In a 1973 inspection,
Dade County discovered that the waste was being dumped directly onto the
ground. In 1986, EPA detected elevated levels of chromium in on-site soil and
ground water and PCB-1260 in on-site soil.
Ihe Biscayne Aquifer, which supplies drinking water for all of Dade
County, is directly beneath the site. A layer of quartz sand overlies the
limestone aquifer; both formations have very high horizontal and vertical
permeabilities. These conditions facilitate movement of contaminants into
ground water, as well as movement of contaminated ground water. The w. A.
Oeffler and Westside Well Fields are within 3 miles of the site. They provide
drinking water to approximately 148,000 people.
Status (December 1989); EPA has conducted a search for parties
potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site. Several of them
have met with EPA regarding a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
Since December 1988, Hercules, Inc., has occupied the southern section of
the building.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HEUIAH LANDFILL
Pensacola, Florida
Conditions at listing ( June 1988) ; Bg^ilah landfill covers 80 acres in
Pensacola, Escambia County, Florida. Escambia County operated the landfill
during 1965-84. The site is divided into two areas that were operated
independently. The north side received primarily municipal trash. The south
side, essentially a sludge disposal pit, first received domestic septic tank
wastes in 1968 and continued to receive municipal trash, industrial waste,
demolition debris, and municipal sludges until 1984, when the State ordered
operations at the pit to halt. From February 1980 to June 1986, the landfill
operated under a Consent Order with the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation .to accept specified wastes.
Tests conducted by EPA indicate that wastes on the site contain
chlordane, copper and zinc. Analyses of both surface water and ground water
show slight increases in concentrations of zinc from upstream to downstream
and from upgradient to downgradient. Eleven Mile Creek at the downstream edge
of the site is used for recreational activities. A number of residences
within 3 miles of the landfill draw drinking water from the upper 150 feet of
the local sand and gravel aquifer. The nearest well is 700 feet from the
site.
Status (December 1989) ; Escambia County has entered into a Consent Order
with the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation to close the site in
accordance with state regulation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PIPER AIRCRAFT OQRP./VERQ BEACH WATER & SEWER DEPARTMENT
Vero Beach, Florida
Conditions at listing (June 1986) t The Piper Aircraft Corp./Vero Beach
Water & Sewer Department Site covers 8 acres in Vero Beach, Indian River
County, Florida. Piper assembles and paints light aircraft at the southern
end of the Vero Beach Municipal Airport. In 1980, an unknown amount of
trichloroethylene leaked from an underground storage tank and distribution
system, contaminating a nearby municipal well of the Vero Beach Water & Sewer
Department with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The well, which was
subsequently shut down, was part of a municipal system serving about 33,000
people. Six months later the city developed two other wells to replace the
closed one.
In 1981, the State entered into a Consent Agreement with Piper Aircraft
requiring the company to conduct a monitoring, testing, and treatment program
at the site. Piper repaired the leaking storage tank and in April 1981 began
to pump out the contaminated ground water. To date, the pumping has yielded
approximately 2,050 gallons of VOCs, including trichloroethylene, cis-
trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and 1,1-dichloroethylene. The
contaminated water is sprayed into the air to enhance removal of VOCs and is
discharged into the Main Canal leading to the Indian River.
Status (December 1989); The city is continuing to submit quarterly
reports on the monitoring of the treated effluent being discharged to the
Indian River.
According to the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Piper's
ground water pumping and treatment program has not achieved cleanup goals.
The program will be reevaluated and additional remedial investigation
activities will be undertaken.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CEDARICWN INDUSTRIES, INC.
Cedartown, Georgia
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Cedartown Industries, Inc., Site
covers 6.8 acres in the southwest section of the City of Cedartown, Polk
County, Georgia, in the floodplain of Cedar Creek. Originally, the site was
the location of a foundry and machine shop. From August 1978 to May 1980,
Cedartown Industries operated a secondary lead smelter on the site. The lead
came from the cutting of automobile batteries on the southeast corner of the
site. In 1980, the company sold the property to H & M Transfer Co., which
parks and repairs its vehicles on a portion of the site.
Remaining on-site when Cedartown Industries ceased operations were an
uncovered pile containing about 5,000 cubic yards of slag and flue dust from
the smelting operations and a 32,000-gallon surface impoundment holding
liquids from the battery-cutting operations. This information was contained
in Part A of an application for a permit under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) filed in November 1980 by Sanders Lead
Co., owner of Cedartown Industries, Inc. The application was filed
protectively in anticipation of a resumption of operations, which never
occurred. The application was withdrawn in June 1983.
In January 1986, the Georgia Environmental Protection Division detected
lead in the soil around the pile and in sediments in the impoundments.
The Newala Limestone Formation underlies the site. It feeds a large
spring that is the sole source of water for Cedartown1 s water system. This
spring and a well that supplies the Polk County water system, both within 3
miles of the site, provide drinking water to an estimated 25,700 people.
The site is adjacent to CPdar Creek, which is used for fishing
downstream. This area of Cedar Creek is in the 10-year floodplain. In 1979,
the site experienced a 500-year flood.
The facility is being proposed for the NFL because it is classified as a
protective filer under RCRA Subtitle C and so is not subject to Subtitle C
corrective action authorities.
Status (December 1988); EPA's preliminary plan for fiscal year 1989
includes a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the
type and extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for
remedial action.
Status (December 1989); On December 1, 1989, EPA sent CERCXA "special
notice letters" to parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with
the site offering them the opportunity to participate in conducting the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
JOHN DEERE (OTTUMWA WORKS IANDFTTTS)
Ottumwa, Iowa
Conditions at listing (June 1988); John Deere manufactures farm
implements on a 118-acre tract of land in Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa. The
site is adjacent to a residential area and 200 feet from prime agricultural
land.
During 1911-73, the Ottumwa Works disposed of paint wastes, solvents,
acids, plating wastes, and sodium cyanide in three unlined landfills covering
3 acres. The soil is highly permeable, and ground water shallow (11-12 feet),
conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water. About
700 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site.
The main water supply for Ottumwa (population 27,000) is the Des Moines
River; the intake is 4,000 feet upstream from the John Deere landfills. The
city's secondary supply, which is used intermittently year-round when river
flow or quality is low, is Black lake. It is 500 feet dcwngradient of the
landfills. Subsurface conditions are such that ground water from the site can
reach Black Lake. The river is used for recreational activities.
The facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application for another part of the
plant where hazardous waste was stored. However, the company later withdrew
its Part A and converted to generator-only status with EPA approval. Hence,
it satisfies a component of EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (December 1989); In September 1989, John Deere entered into an
Administrative Order on Consent with EPA under CERCIA Section 104. The order
calls for the company to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action. John Deere expects to complete the
RI/PS by the summer of 1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
AMOCO CHEMICAIS CORP. (JOLEET IANDFILL)
Joliet, Illinois
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Amoco Chemicals Corp.
manufactures chemicals on a 75-acre property approximately 6 miles southwest
of Joliet, Will County, Illinois. According to information the company
provided to EPA, as required by Section 103 (c) of CERdA, about 5 million
cubic feet of wastes, including organics, inorganics, heavy metals, acids,
and mixed municipal refuse, were disposed of in a 6-acre landfill on the
property during 1958-72. Some ignitable wastes and organic acid residues
were disposed of in drums in the landfill. In 1976, Amoco covered the
landfill with 2 feet of compacted clay and seeded it with perennial grasses. A
leachate collection system was installed under a permit from the Illinois
Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA). The leachate is treated in Amoco's
waste water treatment plant before it is discharged to Des Plaines River.
The landfill was officially closed jn February 1978. Tests conducted by
Amoco in 1982 and IEPA in 1974 indicate that monitoring wells downgradient of
the site are contaminated with benzene; toluene; ethylbenzene; and para-,
meta-, and ortho-xylene. A shallow aquifer underlies the site.
Approximately 1,100 persons obtain drinking water from private wells drilled
into the aquifer within 3 miles of the site.
According to IEPA, leachate from the old landfill flows into an inlet to
the adjacent Des Plaines River. IEPA tests detected phenol, cadmium, copper,
lead, and manganese in the river, which is used for recreational activities.
The site is open to the river, making it possible for people and animals to
come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (December 1989); IEEA and Amoco are investigating various
alternatives for the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CUBAGE COUNTY IANDFILL/BLACKWELL FOREST PRESERVE
Warrenville, Illinois
Conditions at listing (June 1988) ; DuPage County TanrifHn covers 40
acres of the 1,235-acre Blackwell Forest Preserve along the west branch of the
DuPage River in Warrenville, DuPage County, Illinois. During 1965-72, the
DuPage County Public Works Department operated the landfill, accepting
demolition debris, municipal refuse, and unknown amounts of potentially
hazardous waste.
The materials were deposited to a height of 188 feet above the original
ground level. When the site was closed, the Public Works Department covered
it with a clay cap that exceeds State standards. It is now used as a toboggan
run in the winter.
In 1984, a consultant to the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County
detected volatile organic compounds, including 1,1- dichloroethane, 1,2-
dichloropropane, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, and 1,2-dichloroethane, in
numerous monitoring wells installed around the site. Private and public wells
within 3 miles of the site provide drinking water to 44,000 people. The Forest
Preserve District continues to monitor the landfill. A lake close to the
landfill has been closed to swimming as a precautionary measure.
In 1987, the Forest Preserve District began pumping leachate from
collection manholes and transporting it to a regulated disposal facility.
Status (December 1989) ; In late 1989, the Forest Preserve District
detected the same volatile chemicals detected in 1984 at greater
concentrations downgradient of the site than upgradient.
In September 1989, the Forest Preserve District and EPA signed a CERCIA
Administrative Order on Consent calling for the district to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
H.O.D LANDFILL
Antioch, Illinois
Conditions at listing (September 1985) ; H.O.D TfiTYlfill covers 82 acres
in Antioch, Lake County, Illinois. Bulk liquid organic wastes and drummed
wastes generated by Johnson Motors Division of Outboard Marine Corp. were
of at the site in 1963-81, according to the Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency (IEPA) . One tanker dumped wastes containing moderately high
levels (80 parts per billion) of PCBs, according to State tests.
Monitoring wells downgradient of the site contain zinc, lead, and
cadmium, according to tests conducted by EPA. Antioch municipal wells serving
4,600 people are within 3 miles downgradient of the site. Ine nearest well is
600 feet from the site.
i
The site is in a freshwater wetland. Sequoit Creek, which is adjacent to
the site on the south and west, flows into a series of lakes used for
recreation.
In 1975, the State filed a suit against Waste Management, Inc. , of
Illinois, which had purchased the site from H.O.D. Corp. The suit alleged
violations involving operation of the landfill without a permit and cover
violations. The daily cover violations were H-igmiggoH because inspections
were not performed at the end of the working day, and intermediate cover
violations occurred on only a snail area of the site and had been corrected.
In 1978, the State filed an enforcement notice against Waste Management
for repeated violations of State law regarding cover requirements at the
landfill. Under a settlement reached in October 1984, Waste Management agreed
to stop the cover violations and pay a $5,000 fine.
Status f December 1989) ; EPA conducted additional investigations at the
landfill from November 1986 to September 1989 and is now conducting a search
for parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
fflMCD DUMP
Elkhart, Indiana
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Himco Dump covers approximately
40 acres at County Road 10 and the Napanee Extension, located partially in the
corporate limits of the city of Elkhart and partially in the unincorporated
part of Elkhart County, Indiana. The privately owned site operated between
1960 and September 1976. Parts of a nonmarshy area were excavated to a depth
of 10 to 20 feet, and, together with a marshy area, were filled with general
refuse and ™*^ir^l and phaTTnanp^rt-irgi wastes. Other industrial wastes may
also have been landfilled, according to the company and a report prepared by
the Indiana Department of Natural Resources and the Elkhart Water Works. The
city of Elkhart issued an operating permit for that portion of the landfill
inside the city limits.
During an inspection in July 1984, EPA observed several streams of
leachate. The landfill was about 15 feet above the original ground level at
the center, sloping to 5 feet at the edges. Much of the landfill was covered
with sand. Isolated spots of stressed vegetation were visible. Sulfur odors
were strong.
EPA detected selenium, arsenic, copper, lead, mercury, zinc, manganese,
and other metals in monitoring wells downgradient of the site. The results
corroborated analyses of residential wells conducted in 1974 by the State,
which showed high manganese levels.
In 1974, the State Health Commissioner advised the owner to drill deep
wells to replace six contaminated shallow residential wells. In 1975, the
owner signed a Consent Agreement (adopted by the Stream Pollution Control
Board) that resulted in the closing of the dump in September 1976.
The dump is located above a continuous portion of the shallow aquifer
system that is the sole source of drinking water for the community. A
conservative estimate is that wells within 3 miles of the site serving 20,000
people may be affected.
Status (December 1989); In early 1989, EPA discussed the possibility of
having Himco Waste Away, Inc., (a transporter and former operator of the
site,) and Miles Laboratories, (a generator and one of the current owners of
the site,) conduct a remedial investigation/ feasibility study (RI/FS). New
information received during these discussions identified an additional 37
generators representing a broad range of manufacturing firms that had sent
wastes to the site.
In September 1989, EPA began the RI/ES, which will determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
29TH & MEAD GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Wichita, Kansas
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The 29th & Mead Site covers
approximately 1,440 acres in a highly industrialized area of Wichita,
Sedgewick County, Kansas. The intersection of 29th and Mead Streets is at the
approximate center of the site. Among contaminants detected in significant
concentrations in ground water are trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride,
toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, methylene chloride, trans- and/or cis-1,2-
dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. The compounds
were identified in investigations conducted by the Kansas Department of Health
and Environment (KDHE) and the U.S. Geological Survey from 1983 to 1986. The
actual boundary and extent of contamination have not been clearly defined. An
estimated 3,300 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells
completed in the shallow aquifer within 3 mile of the site.
The site is in the drainage basin of Chisolm Creek, which is used for
recreational activities.
KDHE has identified more than 70 potentially responsible parties (PRPs)
associated with the contamination, among them currently operating facilities
and others no longer operating. In 1987, the parties organized the Wichita
North Industrial District (WNID) ERP Group and formed a steering committee to
negotiate future investigation and remedial activities.
Status (December 1989); In September 1989, 12 members of the WNID PRP
Group and KDHE signed a Consent Agreement for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RE/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The agreement
includes an approved workplan for the RI/FS, which is now in progress.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BRANTLEY LANDFILL
Island, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Brantley Landfill covers 4 acres on
the west side of Island, McLean County, Kentucky. In 1979, Doug Brantley &
Sons, Inc., received a State solid waste permit for disposal of secondary
dross (a by-product of aluminum recycling) from Barmet Aluminum Corp.'s
smelter in Livia, Kentucky. According to Barmet, the Brantley Landfill
contains 250,000 tons of aluminum dross. Dross contains heavy metals
(including barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, and manganese) and reacts
violently with water to form several gases, including ammonia. The landfill
closed in October 1980.
The Kentucky Division of Air Pollution Control (KDAPC) has received
numerous complaints of ammonia odor from residents in the area. EPA detected
ammonia in the air around the site during an inspection in December 1986.
KDAPC has cited Doug Brantley & Sons for odor and dust emissions from this
facility. Approximately 60 persons live within 0.25 mile of the site and could
be affected by release of contaminants into the air.
The waste was deposited below the water table, thus threatening ground
water. An estimated 2,000 people obtain drinking water from public and
private wells within 3 miles of the site. A private well is 2,600 feet from
the site.
Status January 1990): Barmet contested the proposed listing of the site
and filed a civil action against EPA and the State on November 8, 1988 in the
U.S. District Court. In November 1988, Barmet also filed for a Temporary
restraining Order to (1) keep EPA from placing this site and the Fort Howard
Coal Co., Inc., Stone Quarry on the final NPL until their comments had been
addressed and (2) keep EPA from sending letters to other parties potentially
responsible for wastes associated with the sites informing them of their
potential liability. After the request for this order was denied, EPA sent
the letters to several other potentially responsible parties.
On January 10, 1990, EPA and Barmet signed an Administrative Order on
Consent under CERCLA Sections 104(a)(l) and 122(d)(3). Under this order and
with EPA oversight, Barmet will conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility
study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site
and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
GENERAL TIKE & RUBBER 00. (MAVKlHin LANDFILL)
Mayfield, Kentucky
Conditions at listing (June 1988); General Tire & Rubber Co. operates a
plant in Graves County approximately 2.7 miles north of Mayfield, Kentucky. A
58.5-acre landfill is 0.3 mile northeast of the plant adjacent to and east of
the Illinois Central Railroad and approximately 300 feet west of Mayfield
Creek.
The landfill began accepting hazardous wastes in 1969 shortly after the
operation was approved by the State of Kentucky. Disposal consisted of a
series of trenches, approximately 1,300 feet long, 40 feet wide, and 10 to 30
feet deep, excavated in a north-south direction. Approximately 200 tons of
contained and noncontained hazardous wastes were mixed together with
nonhazardcus wastes and deposited in the trenches. Hazardous substances
included 1,1,1-trichloroethane, toluene, naphtha, and trace amounts of lead
and cadmium, according to information the company provided to EPA as required
by CERCLA Section 103 (c).
The water table occurs 21 feet below the ground surface. Soils in the
landfill area are highly permeable, which facilitates movement of contaminants
into ground water. Six public water supply wells have been identified within
3 miles of the landfill. The Hickory and Hardeman Water Districts each own
three wells which extend 300 feet into the Tallahatta Formation. These
potentially affected wells serve an estimated 5,000 people.
Status (December (19891; EPA is investigating the possibility of General
Tire & Rubber Co. conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ATIAS TACK CORP.
Fairhaven, Massachusetts
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Atlas Tack Corp. formerly
manufactured cut and wire tacks, steel nails, and similar items on a 12-acre
site at 83 Pleasant Street in Fairhaven, Bristol County, Massachusetts. The
area is residential/commercial. During 1891-1985, the facility conducted
annealing, pickling, plating, enameling, and cleaning operations. From the
early 1940s to the mid-to-late 1970s, wastes containing arsenic, heavy metals,
and cyanide were discharged into an unlined acid neutralizing lagoon
approximately 200 feet east of the manufacturing building and adjacent to a
salt water tidal marsh in Buzzards Bay Estuary.
In 1984, EPA detected beryllium, mercury, nickel, toluene, and
ethylbenzene in the marsh and surface water south of the lagoon, and also
observed a mixture of soil and dried lagoon sediments outside the lagoon.
Also in 1984, EPA analysis of on-site monitoring wells identified elevated
concentrations of cyanide, toluene, and other compounds. An estimated 15,000
people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site.
During the 1980s, the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality
Engineering issued Notices of Violation of Hazardous Waste Regulations against
Atlas Tack for its "failure/refusal to remove lagoon contents."
Status (December 1989); In a May 1989 report, Atlas Tack identified
contaminants that exceeded ambient water quality standards in surface water
and ground water. The company has proposed cleanup levels to the State.
EPA and the State are investigating the possibility that Atlas Tack will
conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PORT DEVENS-SUDBURY TRAINING ANNEX
Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Conditions at listing (July 1989): The Sudbury Training Annex to Fort
Devens occupies approximately 4 square miles within Middlesex County,
Massachusetts. The annex includes portions of the towns of Sudbury, Maynard,
Hudson, and Stow. The area around the base is mainly agricultural
interspersed with residential areas.
Established in the early 1940s as the Maynard Ammunition Depot, the
installation became known as the Maynard Ordnance Test Station after World War
H. In the mid-1950s, the facility became known as the U.S. Army Natick
Research and Development Conmand and was used for troop training and disposal
of certain wastes from Natick laboratory. Between 1980 and 1983, the area was
transferred to Fort Devens 12 miles to the northeast. The primary mission of
both installations is to train active duty personnel to support various Army
units. Fort Devens was also being proposed for the NFL in July 1989.
Sudbury Annex is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. The Army has identified a number of potentially contaminated
areas, including 11 containing explosive residues, chemical laboratory wastes,
oil lubricants, and other toxic materials. According to a 1986 IRP report,
two monitoring wells downgradient of two of the areas are contaminated with
1,1,1-trichloroethane, bis(2-ethylhexylphthalate), and benzene. The two
areas, which are separated by an unnamed tributary to the Assabet River, are
Waste Area A7 (a 20-acre gravel pit used from the 1940s to 1980s as a
laboratory dump, general dump, and burning ground) and Waste Area A9 (a 7-acre
area used since the 1950s for fire training by the State). An estimated
35,700 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3
miles of the waste areas. A private well is 1,600 feet from the waste areas.
White Pond, which provides water to 12,000 residents of Maynard, is
within 3 miles downstream of Waste Area A5, a 70-square foot pit where
laboratory solvents were buried during 1973-79. A fresh water wetland is
within 600 feet of the pond.
In June 1985, 100-200 gallons of PCB-containing oil spilled from an
out-of-service transformer in a remote abandoned area of Sudbury Training
Annex. The Army removed 300 gallons of Aroclor 1260 and about 70 tons of
PCB-contaminated soil to a facility regulated under the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TOSCA).
In July 1985, four electrical transformer units were found in a remote
section of the annex. Bullet holes and dents were obvious in one unit, which
permitted PCB-containing fluids to escape. The Army removed the transformers
and some contaminated soil to a facility regulated under TOSCA.
Status (December 1989); EPA is reviewing information on the site in
preparation for negotiations in 1990 with the Army for an Interagency
Agreement under CERdA Section 120 covering further studies and remedial
activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND - EDGEWOOD AREA
Edgewood, Maryland
Conditions at listing (April 1985); Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG)
occupies some 79,000 acres of land and water in southern Harford County and
southeastern Baltimore County, Maryland, near the head of Chesapeake Bay. The
Edgewood Area occupies 17,000 land acres, including Gunpowder Neck, Pooles
Island, Carrol Island, and Graces Quarters.
Until 1971, Edgewood Area operated as a distinct military entity known as
the Edgewood Arsenal. The primary mission of the Arsenal, and subsequently
the Edgewood Area of APG, has been developing and testing of chemical agent
munitions. According to an Army Installation Assessment report (1976): "From
1917 to the present, the Edgewood Area has conducted chemical research
programs, manufactured chemical agents, and tested, stored and disposed of
toxic materials. As a result of these extensive programs, the Edgewood Area
has large areas of land and water, and numerous buildings, which are
contaminated or suspected of contamination." A "contamination map" and
discussion in the report indicate "contaminated or potentially contaminated"
areas in almost every land portion and some water portions of Edgewood Area.
Among the substances disposed of are significant quantities of napalm,
white phosphorus, chemical agents, and nerve agents, which are toxic and
persistent enough to threaten human health and the environment for months or
even years.
APG is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP),
established in 1978. Under IRP, the Department of Defense seeks to identify,
evaluate, and clean up contamination from hazardous materials. As part of
IRP, the Army in 1977 and 1978 monitored "0" Field, Canal Creek, "J" Field,
Graces Quarters, and Carroll Island. Evidence was found of substantial
contamination of surface water and ground water near "0" Field, which includes
a wetlands designated as a habitat for bald eagles. In February 1984, the
State recommended that four Edgewood Area standby wells in the Canal Creek
area be immediately removed from service because of high levels of volatile
organic chemicals detected during routine testing in late 1983. These wells
serve about 3,000 persons. Also within 3 miles of the facility are well
fields used by the Harford County Department of Public Works and the
Joppatowne Sanitary Subdistrict. These two fields serve about 35,000 persons.
The Army continues to monitor surface water and ground water and has
undertaken a detailed hydrogeological study in the vicinity of "0" Field.
The facility acquired Interim Status under the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) when the Army filed Part A of a permit application.
Status (December 1989): On September 30, 1986, EPA issued Part B of the
RCRA permit, which includes corrective action provisions.
EPA and the Army have negotiated a CERCLA Section 120 Interagency
Agreement for investigation and cleanup of the site, which has been divided
into eight study areas. An ongoing RCRA facility assessment will identify
additional areas requiring further investigation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
IGRING AIR FORCE BASE
Limestone, Maine
Conditions at listing (July 1989); Loring Air Force Base covers nearly
9,000 acres in Arostock County in a sparsely populated area of northeastern
Maine. Limestone is 2 miles to the east, Caribou 8 miles to the west, and the
New Brunswick, Canada, border 3 miles to the east. The area is sparsely
populated. Loring has been active since 1952, and has been home to the
Strategic Air Command's 42nd Bonbardment Wing since 1953. Hazardous wastes
generated on-base include waste oils, fuels cleaned from aircraft and
vehicles, spent solvents (many of them chlorinated organic chemicals), PCBs,
and pesticides. Historically, wastes have been burned or buried in landfills.
Loring Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP tests reported in 1986 indicate that monitoring
wells on the base are contaminated with methylene chloride, trichloroethylene
(TCE), carbon tetrachloride, and barium. The wells are on or downgradient of
several widely scattered disposal areas. Two are adjacent landfills, both old
gravel pits, covering 190 acres. Landfill 2 was used for disposal of
hazardous wastes during 1956-74, and landfill 3 from 1974 to the early 1980s.
In the 0.5-acre Fire Department Training Area, large quantities of hazardous
materials were landfilled until 1968 and burned until 1974. The 600-acre
Flightline Area, with its industrial shops and maintenance hangars, was a
primary generator of hazardous waste on-base; most wastes were disposed of
elsewhere, although some probably were disposed of on the ground or concrete
or in the storm and sewer drains.
Soils in the Flightline Area also contain significant amounts of fuel,
oil, and various volatile organic chemicals. An estimated 1,200 people obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on the base;
the nearest well is less than 500 feet from where transformers were buried.
Water in the Flightline Drainage Ditch (a 2,500-foot channelized portion
of a tributary to Greenlaw Creek) is contaminated with methylene chloride,
tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, TCE, and iron, according to the
1986 IRP report. The ditch receives storm water discharges from several
sewers draining the Flightline Area and the Nose Dock Area, where fuels were
handled. Surface water within 3 miles downstream is used for recreational
activities. A fresh water wetland is 500 feet from Landfill 3.
The 8,500 people on the base can come in direct contact with hazardous
substances at the landfills and burn pit because they are inadequately fenced.
Status (December 1989); EPA is reviewing information on the base in
preparation for negotiations in 1990 with the Air Force for an Interagency
Agreement under CERdA Section 120 covering further studies and remedial
activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SAOO MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Saco, Maine
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Saco Municipal landfill cavers
approximately 90 acres on Foss Road in Saco, York County, Maine. The City of
Saco has owned and operated the site since about 1960. Originally it was an
open burning dump.
The site consists of four distinct disposal areas: Area 1 is a closed
and capped municipal dump that was used for open burning of household and
industrial waste. Area 2 is an inactive industrial dump that accepted bulk
and demolition debris. Area 3 is an industrial dump that accepted wastes from
local industries, including Nike, Maremont, Garland, Lyn-Flex, and Lunder
Shoe. Area 4 is an active landfill that accepts household waste and tannery
sludge containing chromium and other heavy metals, as well as volatile organic
compounds. The sludge was placed in unlined trenches, often directly in
contact with ground water, according to the city and EPA. Area 2 has a
leachate collection system. There is no evidence of liners or leachate systems
in other disposal areas.
Water and sediment in Sandy Brook, which flows through the site, and
ground water beneath the site contain elevated levels of various metals and
organic chemicals, according to tests conducted in 1974 by the State and the
city's consultant. Approximately 700 people obtain drinking water from wells
within 3 miles of the landfill.
On December 31, 1984, the City of Saco entered into a Consent Decree with
the State in which the city agreed to close the landfill. The city is
investigating the site to determine the type and extent of contamination at
the site. Based on this information, the city will close the landfill and
began cleanup.
The site is only partially fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (December 1989); EPA is conducting a search for parties
potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site and will
investigate the possibility of their performing a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
EENDIX onRP./ATT.TFn AU1UMUT1VE
St. Joseph, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Bendix Corp., now known as Allied
Automotive, manufactures automotive brake systems on a 4.4-acre site in St.
Joseph, Berrien County, Michigan. The facility is located in a well populated
area, both coranercial/industrial and residential in nature.
During approximately 1966-75, Bendix used a seepage lagoon for disposal
of machine shop process waste water. According to information Bendix provided
to EPA, spent chlorinated organic solvents, waste water from electroplating
operations, spent cyanide plating bath solutions, chromium, and lead were
placed in the lagoon.
A hydrogeologic study performed in 1986 by a consultant to Allied
detected contamination in the shallow .sand aquifer; 35 monitoring wells were
installed and found to contain 1,1-dichloroethane, l,2-
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HI MILL MANUFACTURING 00.
Highland, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Hi Mill Manufacturing Go. has
fabricated tubular aluminum, copper, and brass parts en a 2.5-acre site in
Highland, Oakland County, Michigan, since 1946. Prior to 1981, rinse water
from dipping operations was discharged to an on-site unlined lagoon adjacent
to a marsh connected to Waterbury Lake, which is used for recreational
activities. Rinse water has also been sprayed into the air as a disposal
method. Currently, more of the rinse water is recycled. The remaining water
is neutralized with caustic soda, stored in underground tanks, and then
transported off-site.
In 1982, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources detected copper in
wells downgradient of the site. Heavy metals also contaminated marsh
sediments and water in the adjacent Highland Recreation Area. An estimated
13,600 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site.
In November 1983, the company removed sludge and contaminated soil from
the lagoon and transported them to a hazardous waste facility regulated under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. Water from the pond
was treated on-site. The excavation reportedly went down 1 foot into clean
clay, and sand was used to fill in the hole.
Status (December 19891; In October 1988, EPA and Hi Mill signed an
Administrative Order on Consent under which Hi Mill will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Field work began in November 1989.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KAYDCN CORP.
Muskegon, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Kaydon Corp. has manufactured roller
bearings, ball bearings, and various bearing assemblies since 1941 on a
40-acre site on McCracker Street in Muskegon, Muskegon County, Michigan.
Until 1968, waste water from plant operations, some of which involved
chlorinated organic solvents, was disposed of on-site in seepage pits and in
the south branch of Ruddiman Creek. Ihe creek flows into Muskegon Lake, which
is used for recreational activities, and eventually into Lake Michigan.
In 1968, the wastes were separated. Now, only cooling water is
discharged to the creek. Process wastes are currently removed by waste
haulers, discharged to the sanitary sewer, or discharged to two on-site ponds.
Waste discharged to the ponds is grinding sludge; the solids settle out and
the water is piped to the sanitary sewer. The pond sludge is periodically
removed to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The sludges contain chromium,
copper, lead, and nickel, as does on-site soil, according to the company.
In October 1982, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MCNR),
concerned about ground water quality in the area, requested that Kaydon
conduct a hydrcgeological investigation. Chlorinated organic solvents,
including 1,1-dichloroethane and 1,2-dichloroethylene, and copper were found
in 1985 in monitoring wells the company installed downgradient of the site.
Approximately 700 people obtain drinking water from private wells within
3 miles of the site.
In June 1986, Kaydon removed 1,500 cubic yards of contaminated soil and
sludge and transported them to a RCRA-regulated landfill.
Status (December 1989); Ihe company is cooperating with MCNR in cleaning
up the site. Two wells to pump contaminated ground water to the surface are
in operation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
METAL WORKING SHOP
Lake Ann, Michigan
Conditions at listing f Jair^ry 1987) t The Metal Working Shop Site covers
approximately 1 acre in Lake Ann, Benzie County, Michigan. From 1974 to 1977,
the owner of the property finished metals in the shop using iron phosphate.
Two types of rinse waters were generated in an oxidizing phase of the
operation: an acidic rinse (dilute hydrochloric acid) containing iron
phosphate and a caustic rinse (sodium hydroxide). From approximately October
1975 to February 1977, effluents from these rinses were mixed to neutralize
them and then dumped onto the ground. According to the owner, 400 gallons per
day were disposed of for 8 to 10 days a month.
Analyses by the State detected chromium, molybdenum, and other heavy
metal salts in the rinses. Ground water occurs at shallow depths (10 feet),
and wells draw from the very permeable sand and gravel drift aquifer. Hence,
the wells are threatened by any heavy metals in site soil. An estimated 1,100
people obtain drinking water from private wells into the aquifer within 3
miles of the site. One well is on the site.
The site is on a hill between Lake View and Lake Ann. Many other lakes
are within 3 miles of the site.
In June 1983, a new owner took over the site and operates it under the
name Lake Ann Manufacturing, Inc.
Status (December 1989); EFA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MICHIGAN DISPOSAL SERVICE (CORK STREET LANDFILL)
Kalamazoo, Michigan
Conditions at listing (October 1984) ; Michigan Disposal Service's Cork
Street landfill covers approximately 64 acres in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo County,
Michigan. The city operated the site as a general refuse landfill from 1925
until 1968. Until the mid-1960s, a teepee-type incinerator was on the site.
After closing the landfill for general refuse, the city operated it for inert
material until 1981, when Michigan Disposal Service (formerly Dispos-O-Waste)
bought the site. The company has applied to the State for a permit to operate
a sanitary landfill.
Monitoring wells on the site contain lead and arsenic above drinking
water standards, according to tests conducted by the State. The City of
Kalamazoo (population 80,000) has three well fields within 3 miles of the
site.
(December 1989) ; Recent information indicates that only
46.2 acres of the site were used for filling.
An Administrative Order under CERCXA Section 106 involving Michigan
Disposal Service, the City of Kalamazoo, and EPA became effective on
December 3, 1987. The order calls for the city to conduct a remedial
investigation/ feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The
RI is underway.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MUSKBQON CHEMICAL 00.
Whitehall, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988) ; Muskegon Chemical Co. (MCC) formerly
a variety of specialty chemicals for pharrn^rvaa tf*. jriq 1 and other
industries on a 12-acre site at 1725 Warner Street in Whitehall, Muskegon
County, Michigan. The area is zoned commercial but at present is primarily
residential. The company operated from 1975 to 1986, when it sold the
business to Koch Chemical Co.
In 1981, a consultant to MCC identified bis (2-chloroethyl) ether and 1,2-
dichloroethane in on-site wells. A sump pump and an outside holding tank,
both badly corroded, were potential sources. Over a period of 3 years, MCC
installed 40 monitoring wells along the plume of contamination. An estimated
6,400 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3
miles of the site. A private well is 1,250 feet north of the site.
The consultant's 1981 study established that ground water was seeping
into Mill Pond Creek downgradient of the site. The seeps contained the same
contaminants found in ground water. Surface water within 3 miles downstream
of the site is used for recreational activities.
In 1981, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) filed a
Consent Judgment under State Act 245 charging MCC with contaminating ground
water. MCC pleaded no contest. Later a plea agreement between MDNR and Koch
was reached regarding the cost of investigation and cleanup at the site.
Under a 1985 Consent Agreement with MENR, MCC installed a system to pump
contaminated ground water to the surface, treat it by carbon filtration, and
return the treated water to the Whitehall Water Treatment Plant. Koch
continues to operate the system. Monitoring indicates that ground water is
still contaminated at elevated levels.
An 8,000-gallon pressurized tank of heptane is located on the north side
of the site. The tank poses a fire/explosion threat to workers on the site
and to a residential area 1,250 feet away.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste. Later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-
only status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of
EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (December 1989) ; Data collected in October 1988 by MDNR indicate
that the treatment system is inadequate. Koch Chemical Go. is working with
MDNR to improve the system.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SEME DISPOSAL lANDPTLL, INC.
Grand Rapids, Michigan
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Ihe State Disposal Landfill, Inc.,
Site covers approximately 30 acres north of Grand Rapids in Plainfield
Township, Kent County, Michigan. After operating under two owners during
1966-72, the landfill was owned and operated by Waste Management, Inc., during
1972-76. In August 1975, the landfill received a permit from the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) to accept general refuse. Since 1976,
Waste Management has maintainpd the landfill. It is now covered with a layer
of clay and is equipped with methane gas vents.
Ground water occurs at about 75 feet or less. Ihe permeable glacial
outwash and postglacial alluvium deposits that underlie the site facilitate
movement of ccjntaminants into ground water. In October 1983, MDNR found that
four township wells and numerous residential wells downgradient of the site
were contaminated with trichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, cis-1,2-
dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, xylene, and other organic compounds.
Water from the municipal wells is blended with other water and used as a
backup supply; municipal service has been extended to owners of contaminated
private wells. In August 1985, EPA detected trans-l,2-dichloroethylene,
ethylbenzene, xylenes, barium, and nickel in monitoring wells downgradient of
the site. An estimated 13,000 people obtain drinking water from public and
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
In 1985, Waste Management hired a consultant to conduct a hydrogeological
investigation of the site and install monitoring wells.
Status (December 1989); Waste Management has conducted two
hydrogeological studies in the immediate vicinity and downgradient of the
landfill. These studies did not identify the source of all downgradient
contamination. MDNR and Waste Management are discussing a third
hydrogeological study, as well as a remedial investigation/feasibility study
to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MISSOURI ELECTRIC WORKS
Cape Girardeau, Missouri
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Missouri Electric Works has sold and
serviced electric motors and transformers on a 6.4-acre site near the
southeastern edge of the City of Cape Girardeau, Cape Girardeau County,
Missouri, since 1953. It is in a light industrial/conroercial area on Missouri
Highway 61 within 1 mile of prime agricultural land.
An inspection by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MCNR)
during October 1984 found that drums of transformer waste oils contaminated
with PCBs were leaking. In November 1985, EPA analyses indicated that a PCB
(Aroclor 1260) was present in soils at concentrations as high as 58,000 parts
per million. Soil contamination is widespread and occurs to a depth of at
least 5 feet.
Soils in the area are relatively permeable, the bedrock is highly
fractured, and ground water is shallow (20 feet in some cases). These
conditions facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water. An
estimated 34,000 people obtain drinking water from a Cape Girardeau well
within 3 miles of the site.
The site is approximately 1.75 miles west of the Mississippi River. It is
located on a leveled hill top, with the majority of the site sloping slightly
to the south into a run-off channel eventually draining to Cape La Croix
Creek. The far southeast corner drops off rapidly into a drainage ditch also
leading to the creek, which is used for recreational activities.
Wipe samples EPA collected in January 1987 indicated that Aroclor 1260
was in the air on and off the site in places where contaminants could only
have been deposited by windblown particulates from Missouri .Electric Works.
An estimated 37,800 people live within 4 miles of the site.
Status (December 1989); A steering committee consisting of
approximately 120 parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with
the site has been organized. It has agreed to perform a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/ES) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The
RI field work has been completed and analyses are ongoing. The RI report is
expected during January 1990 and the ES report during April 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
WELDON SPRING FORMER ARMY ORDNANCE WORKS
St. Charles County, Missouri
Conditions at listing (July 1989): The Weldon Spring Army Ordnance
Works occupied over 17,000 acres in St. Charles County, 25 miles west of
St. Louis, Missouri, during November 1941-January 1944, when it produced
trinitrotoluene (TNT) and dinitrotoluene (DNT) for the Armed Services. A
series of land transfers left the Army with 1,655 acres, which it has
operated since 1959 as the Weldon Spring Training Area for the Army
Reserve.
The land transfers included 220 acres to the Atomic Energy Commission.
Some of the transferred land, now owned by the U.S. Department of Energy
(USDOE), is radioactively contaminated and is on the NFL as Weldon Spring
Quarry/Plant/Pits (USDOE/Army).
Other major portions of the original Ordnance Works which were
transferred included 7,000 acres to the State of Missouri to establish the
August A. Busch Memorial Wildlife Area, and 8,000 acres to the University
of Missouri for an agricultural research area, a majority of which was
later transferred to the State and is now the Weldon Spring Wildlife Area.
Smaller portions of the former Ordnance Works are now occupied by the
Francis Howell School District, the Village of Weldon Spring Heights, and
the University of Missouri Research Park.
The Weldon Spring former Army Ordnance Works is participating in the
Installation Restoration Program (IRP). Under this program, established
in 1978, the Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and
clean up contamination from hazardous materials. IRP investigations have
identified a number of potentially contaminated areas,, including 7 unlined
lagoons where TNT waste water was stored, 18 TNT production lines, 2 DNT
production lines, a drainage ditch below TNT line 14, and 9 areas where
explosive wastes were buried. Most of the known contamination occurs in
the 1,655-acre Training Area, although contaminated areas are known to
occur within the wildlife areas.
In 1987, a contractor to USDOE found TNT and DNT in monitoring wells
near the lagoons. An estimated 70,000 people obtain drinking water from
St. Charles County wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances at the
site. Surface water in the area flows either to the Mississippi River
watershed to the north or the Missouri River watershed to the south.
Status (December 1989): In August 1989, EPA investigated the site
and discovered no disposal areas, contaminated soil, or contaminated
surface water in areas now occupied by the Francis Howell School District,
the Village of Weldon Spring Heights, and the University of Missouri
Research Park. Therefore, these areas are not now considered part of the
NPL site, which is defined by a release (or, as here, multiple aggregated
releases) of hazardous substances. The extent of the release may not be
fully known until after a remedial investigation (RI) is completed. EPA
may later expand the site definition to include any additional areas
determined by the RI to be contaminated by the release.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PCX, INC. (gTwrrevTTTR PLANT)
StatesviHe, North Carolina
Conditions at listing (June 1988); PCX, Inc., formerly repackaged and
distributed agricultural chemicals on a 5-acre site at 1620 West Front Street,
Statesville, Iredell County, North Carolina. The site operated during 1940-85.
PCX, Inc., filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Federal bankruptcy
code and began liquidating its assets in September 1985. Southern States
Cooperative, Inc., is considering buying the Statesville site from PCX, Inc.
Liquid and powdered pesticides were repackaged at the site until 1969.
More than 5 tons of pesticides were buried under a concrete warehouse floor
sometime before 1969, according to PCX, Inc. Also, spills occurred in areas
where pesticides were handled. Soil and ground water samples collected at the
site in 1986 contained lindane, chlordane, dieldrin, DDE, DDT, coal tar
distillates, and halogenated organic solvents, according to tests conducted by
the North Carolina Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Branch and a
consultant to Southern States Cooperative, Inc. Private and public wells
within 3 miles of the site provide drinking water to an estimated 12,000
people.
Status (December 1989); EPA emergency staff is evaluating the site to
determine if a removal action is warranted at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PEASE AIR FORCE BASE
Portsmouth/Newington, New Hampshire
Conditions at listing ( July 1989) ; Pease Air Force Base occupies 4,365
acres on a peninsula in Portsmouth and Newington, Rockingham County, New
Hampshire. The «y^a around the foygg* is t^nnn^'it^ial— •ppsid^nti^l , From the
1950s to the present, the Air Force has ma inta Irani aircraft at the base. A
1986 Air Force study identified 18 waste 41 gp"^1 areas on the base, 13 of
which received hazardous wastes, including organic solvents, pesticides, paint
strippers, and other industrial wastes. The study is part of the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP) . Under this program, established in 1978, the
Department of Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up
contamination £i.um hazardous
The 13 disposal areas include 7 landfills, 2 areas where waste oil and
solvents were burned for fire fighting exercises, and 4 areas where solvents
and other liquid wastes were discharged on the ground. At present, all
hazardous wastes generated on the base are disposed of off-site at
EPA-regulated facilities.
In 1977, a well supplying drinking water to 8,700 people on the base was
found to be contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) in tests conducted by an
Air Force contractor. In 1984, the Air Force installed an aeration system to
remove TCE from all base water supply wells. The system is no longer in use
because TCE dropped below detection levels. An estimated 30,000 people obtain
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of hazardous
substances on the base.
According to a 1988 IRP report, heptachlor and lindane are contaminating
surface water along the surface run-off pathway from one of the landfills, and
lead and zinc are in sediments of three major drainage ditches on the base.
Shellfish are harvested from Great Bay and Little Bay, which are within 3
miles downstream of the base. The bays are also used for recreational
activities.
Because the bays and Piscatagua River are connected to the Atlantic
Ocean, tides can move any contamination to the ocean. The base abuts Great
Bay, which is a tidal estuary. Both coastal and fresh water wetlands are
along surface water migration pathways from the disposal areas.
Some disposal areas in the base are not fenced, making it possible for
people and animals to onme into direct contact with hazardous substances.
The base holds a permit as a hazardous waste generator and storage
facility under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as
well as a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit to discharge
treated waste water into the Piscatagua River.
The Air Force plans to close the base and transfer the property to either
the State or local government.
Status (December 1989) ; EPA is reviewing information on the base in
preparation for negotiations with the Air Force for an Interagency Agreement
under CERCIA Section 120 covering further studies and remedial activities.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PICATINNY ARSENAL
Rockaway Township, New Jersey
Conditions at lifting (July 1989); Picatinny Arsenal covers 6,491 acres
in Morris County, New Jersey. Mast of the land is in Rockaway Township; small
portions of the western side are in Jefferson Township. Interstate 80 is
about 1 mile southeast of the main entrance. The surrounding areas are
suburban as well as summer vacation areas.
In operation for over 100 years, the arsenal has been a major source of
munitions in wartime throughout much of this century. Currently, its primary
mission is research, development, and pilot plant production of explosives and
propellants for the Army.
Picatinny Arsenal is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate,and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. IRP studies have established that many areas on the
arsenal are contaminated by manufacturing waste and unexplcded ordnance. At
least 54 potential hazardous waste areas exist on the base, according to a
1987 report of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. They
include areas for testing rocket fuels, munitions, and propellants; areas
where chemicals and shells were buried; surface impoundments; landfills; drum
storage areas; and a sludge bed.
Monitoring wells and soils adjacent to unlined lagoons which, until 1981,
held waste water from metal plating and etching facilities, are contaminated
with trichloroethylene, trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
tetrachloroethylene, according to tests reported to EPA in 1986. Some of
these same wells have elevated concentrations of cadmium, lead, and copper.
The arsenal's 5,500 employees obtain their drinking water from two wells
upgradient from an area of confirmed ground water contamination.
Lake Denmark and Picatinny Lake, which are on the base, are used for
recreational activities.
Status (December 1989); In 1990, the Army is scheduled to begin cleaning
up the contaminated ground water around the metal plating operations and
submit to EPA a plan for cleanup of the entire arsenal. The plan will assign
priorities for cleaning up the many contaminated areas.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CARROLL & DUBIES SEWAGE DISPOSAL, INC.
Port Jervis, New York
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Carroll & Dubies Sewage Disposal,
Inc., has operated on a 2.5-acre site on nanai street in Port Jervis, Orange
County, New York, since the 1960s. The site is at the foot of a sandstone and
shale cliff and upgradient of an extensive gravel mining operation. The
city's municipal igpdflll is to the south.
The company operated a junkyard and disposal facility that in the past
accepted industrial waste. Until 1979, waste from two nearby cosmetic manu-
facturers, Kolmar Laboratories and Wickhen Laboratories, and Reynolds Metals
Co. was deposited into two unlined lagoons. The waste contained benzene,
vinyl chloride, dichlorobenzene, and chromium, according to 1983 and 1985
reports of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
(NYSDEC). The company also accepted septic tank waste. In the summer of
1986, an inspection by NYSDEC found two open lagoons in use and two others
that had been covered with soil.
EPA tests conducted in October 1986 found benzene, chromium, lead, and
arsenic in on-site soils, which are permeable. Ground water is shallow (30
feet in some cases). These conditions facilitate movement of contaminants
into ground water. An estimated 1,400 people obtain drinking water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site, the nearest within 1,700 feet. A
fresh water wetland is within 1,000 feet of the site.
Status (December 1989); NYSDEC has closed the site because it does not
have an operating permit.
EPA has prepared a workplan for a remedial investigation/feasibility
study (KI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site
and identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA is investigating the
possibility that those potentially responsible for wastes associated with the
site will conduct the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
JCNES CHEMICALS, INC.
Caledonia, New York
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Jones Chemicals, Inc., has
manufactured and distributed a variety of specialty chemicals at 100 Sunny Sol
Boulevard in the Village of Caledonia, a moderately populated urban area of
Livingston County, New York, since 1940. The 10-acre site is within 1,500 feet
of the Village of Caledonia's well field.
During frequent loading of liquid chemicals, including
tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and chloroform into railroad cars,
some apparently spilled. These chemicals were detected in three on-site wells
in tests conducted in 1986 by the New York State Department of Health.
Between 2,500 and 3,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles
of the site.
Spring Creek, a -tributary of Oatka Creek, is within 1 mile downslope of
the site and is used for recreational activities. A fresh water wetland is
within 1 mile of the site.
Status (December 1989) t New York state is investigating the possibility
of Jones Chemicals conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study
(RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP. (SARATOGA SPRINGS PLANT)
Saratoga Springs, New York
Conditions at listing (June 1988) t The Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. plant
covers approximately 7 acres within the City of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga
County, New York. The area is zoned for Industrial use but is primarily
residential. Currently, the site serves as a substation and regional
operations facility. From approximately 1853 to the 1940s, Niagara Mohawk's
predecessors, Saratoga Gas and Light and New York Power and Light Corp.,
produced a natural gas substitute from coal. Ihe main waste associated with
coal gasification is coal tar, which contains polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons. The company dispriRpri of coal tar by landfilling it on-site with
other wastes.
In January 1986, a consultant to the company detected benzene, toluene,
xylene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and other coal tar constituents in on-site
soil and wells. An estimated 1,250 people in trailer parks and other
residences obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site.
A fresh water wetland is 0.2 mile from the site.
Status (December 1989): On September 27,' 1989, EPA and Niagara Mohawk
signed an Administrative Order on Consent for the company to conduct a
remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action. EPA is reviewing Niagara Mohawk's workplan for the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MOSLEY ROAD SANITARY LANDFILL
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Mosley Road Sanitary Landfill
covers 70 acres on Mosley Road in Oklahoma City, Oklahona County, Oklahoma.
Oklahoma City Disposal, Inc., a subsidiary of SCA Services, Inc., started
operating the landfill on March 10, 1975. Waste Management, Inc., acquired
the site when it acquired SCA Services in October 1984. A previous owner had
operated the site as A-l Sanitation Co.
Between February 20 and August 24, 1976, the landfill accepted
approximately 2 million gallons of hazardous substances under a Temporary
Emergency Waiver for Hazardous Waste Disposal issued by the Oklahoma State
Department of Health. According to the Oklahoma Water Resource Board permit
application, pesticides, industrial solvents, sludges, waste chemicals, and
emulsions were deposited into two unlined pits that have since been covered by
up to 20 feet of solid refuse and fill.
Two interconnected aquifers are present beneath the site. The upper one
is associated with alluvial deposits of the North Canadian River and the lower
one is associated with the Garber-Wellington Formation. The combined aquifers
range from 300 to 900 feet thick.
Ground water at the site is shallow (10 to 20 feet) and soils moderately
permeable, conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants into ground
water. An estimated 57,000 people, including residents of Spencer and Midwest
City, obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of
the site.
Status (December 1989): Wider a CERCLA Administrative Order on Consent
with EPA, signed on July 28, 1989, Waste Management of Oklahoma, Inc., and
Mobile Waste Controls, Inc.,current owner of the property, will conduct a
remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. EPA
is to be reimbursed for oversight costs. Field work is scheduled to start in
January 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
OKIAHOMA REFINING CD.
Cyril, Oklahoma
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Oklahoma Refining Co. (ORC) formerly
operated a refinery on a 160-acre site at South Baskett Street in Cyril in
southeastern Caddo County, Oklahoma. The company operated from 1920 until
September 1984, when it declared bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Federal
bankruptcy code. In July 1986, an Oklahoma City Court approved the bankruptcy
and abandonment of the facility.
During its operating life, ORC placed process wastes, including some
listed as hazardous under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA), in impoundments (many unlined), treated them, or tilled them into
the soil in a land farming operation. Approximately 100 impoundments still
containing wastes and 1 waste pile remain on-site.
In 1980, EPA issued an Administrative Order requiring ORC to reduce its
discharge to Gladys Creek under its National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System permit.
In 1981, EPA observed leachate migrating from the site, threatening
nearby Gladys and Chetonia Creeks, which are used for recreational activities.
In 1986, EPA found that a monitoring well on the site was contaminated with
arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, beryllium, nickel, and xylene. An estimated
1,600 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells "within
3 miles of the site, one within 1,000 feet.
Many of the wastes remaining on-site are flammable or reactive, posing
the threat of fire or explosion. Also, the site is accessible so that people
and animals can come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Ihe facility acquired Interim Status under Subtitle C of RCRA when the
owner filed a Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity and Part A of a permit
application. Ihis site is being proposed for the NPL because it satisfies a
component of EPA's NPI/RCRA policy: the owner has demonstrated inability to
finance appropriate remedial action by invoking bankruptcy laws.
Status (December 1989); In September 1989, the Oklahoma State Department
of Health, using CERCLA funds, contracted for a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the
site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ALLIED PLATING, INC.
Portland, Oregon
0011(111110318 at listing (January 1987) t Allied Plating, Inc., started
operating a chrome-plating facility in Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon, in
1957. The area is light industrial and residential. The operation generated
electroplating wastes that contain heavy metals (including chromium, barium,
cadmium, lead, and mercury) and arsenic, according to tests conducted by EPA,
the State, and the company.
For over 25 years, the company discharged the wastes without pre-
treatment into an unlined pond in an on-site 0.5-acre swamp that had been
filled in. In mid-1985, during an EPA inspection, the banks of the pond were
eroding, and the natural drainage channels were filled in with refuse.
Shortly thereafter, the owner pumped the contents of the pond into the
Portland sewer system.
In 1978, the company detected chromium and barium in ah on-site well and
in industrial and municipal wells within 2 miles of the site. EPA and the
State confirmed the results in 1981, 1984, and 1985. About 1,500 people draw
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site. A
well used for food processing is 1,700 feet from the site. Ground water is
also used for irrigation within 3 miles of the site.
The site drains into Columbia Slough, which is 600 feet to the north-
northeast. The slough is a part of the Columbia River.
The company received Interim Status under the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed Part A of a permit application for a surface
iinpoundment. In 1982, the company filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of
the Federal bankruptcy code, and in 1984 consented to liquidation under
Chapter 7 bankruptcy.
Because the owner or operator has demonstrated inability to finance
appropriate remedial action by invoking bankruptcy laws, the site satisfies a
component of EPA's NPL/RCRA policy. In addition, the company lost Interim
Status (and hence authority to operate) when it did not certify by November 8,
1985, that it was complying with certain RCRA Subtitle C regulations.
Status (December 1989); EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
AVCO INCOMING (WTT.T.TAMRPnRT DIVISION)
Williamsport, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (January 1987); The Avco Lycoming (Williamsport
Division) Site consists of approximately 28 acres in the west-central portion
of Williamsport, Lyccming County, Pennsylvania. For over 50 years, this
facility has been primarily involved in the production of aircraft engines.
The plant operates a still for the reclamation of Varsol, a petroleum
solvent, and (since the early 1950s) a waste treatment facility. Past poor
housekeeping practices apparently have contaminated the site, according to the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER).
On-site monitoring wells, off-site downgradient wells, and a well field
of the Williamsport Municipal Water Authority (WMWA) 3,000 feet southwest of
the site are contaminated with trichloroethylene and chromium, according to
tests conducted in 1985 by a consultant to the company. The well field was
used as a backup supply under drought conditions until it was closed in
November 1984 because of contamination with volatile organic chemicals. WMWA
serves about 65,000 people within 3 miles of the site.
In November 1985, Avco and PA DER signed a Consent Order and Agreement
involving monitoring of ground water and cleanup of on-site soils and ground
water. Currently, on-site ground water is being pumped, treated to remove
contaminants, and returned to the ground. Cleanup of the municipal well field
was not addressed in the order.
Status (December 1989); In June 1988, EPA and Avco signed a CERCLA
Administrative Order on Consent requiring Avco to conduct a remedial
investigation/ feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
PA DER and EPA approved the work plan, and field activities started in
September 1989. The RI/FS is expected to be oonpleted in early 1991.
Pumping and treatment of on-site ground water continue. The county
installed an air stripper on the municipal well field, making the water
acceptable for consumption. The well field is used on a standby basis.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NORTH PENN - AREA 12
Worcester, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (January 1987); The North Perm-Area 12 site is in
Worcester, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. The site was originally proposed
under the name "Transicoil, Inc."
The site has been renamed because the contamination may be caused by
sources in addition to that identified in the original name. This site is one
of six sites involving North Pann Water Authority (NPWA) wells that supply
drinking water to most of the people living northwest of Philadelphia. An
additional six areas with contaminated ground water are under investigation.
Transicoil, Inc., manufactures electric motors on a 20-acre site in
.Worcester. Records of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources
(PA DER) show that the facility used several drums of trichloroethylene (TCE)
per year as a degreasing solvent until 1976, when it changed to 1,1,1-
trichloroethane. The company stores waste oil and solvents in an underground
tank.
In September 1979, PA DER found elevated concentrations of ICE, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and cis-1,2-
dichlorcethylene on the site in wells, buried tanks, and a cesspool.
Subsequent sampling by a consultant to Transicoil confirmed the results.
Former Nike Battery Missile Base PH 91 is about 0.5 mile from Transicoil. In
1986, NPWA found high concentrations of TCE and 1,1,1-trichloroethane in a
Nike base well. Subsequent sampling by a consultant to Transicoil confirmed
these results. Both these solvents were commonly used at Nike bases.
An estimated 99,400 people obtain drinking water from public and private
wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (November 1988)t EPA is developing a workplan for a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. As a
detailed workplan is developed, the sources responsible for the contamination
will be given an opportunity to conduct the RI/FS.
EPA is evaluating additional sources of contamination.
Status (December 1989); On June 26, 1989, EPA, Transicoil, Inc., and
Eagle-Picher (which purchased Transicoil in 1987) entered into an
Administrative Order on Consent under CERCIA Section 106 (a). The order calls
for the companies to conduct an RI/FS. EPA is reviewing the companies' RI/FS
workplan.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SAEGEKICWN INDUSTRIAL AREA
Saegertown, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (July 1988); The Saegertown Industrial Area covers
approximately 100 acres in the Borough of Saegertown, Crawford County,
Pennsylvania. Tests conducted in April 1980 by the Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources (PA DER) found that Saegertown Municipal Water
Authority's Well No. 2 was contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) and
1,1,1-triciiloroethane. The well was taken out of service in June 1980 and
returned to service in March 1984.
To date, several potential sources of the contamination have been
identified. GATX operated a plant for cleaning and repairing railroad tank
cars on the site from the mid-1950s to 1965. The company used a pond for
disposal of materials left in the cars and sludge from a water treatment
plant. Tests conducted by EPA in July 1984 detected TCE, tetrachloroethylene,
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene in pond sediments
and on its property.
Since 1964, Saegertown Manufacturing Co. has manufactured small steel
components in the area. In 1981, PA DER detected lead and TCE breakdown
products in the company's septic tank, and TCE in wells on the company's
property.
Spectrum Control, Inc., has manufactured ceramic capacitors in the
Saegertown Industrial Area since 1969. The company used TCE and 1,1,1-TCA to
clean the capacitors, according to information the company provided to the
Borough of Saegertown. PA DER has detected 1,1,1-TCA in wells on the
company's property.
Lord Corp. has provided adhesives, urethane coatings and "rubber
chemicals" on the site since 1962. TCE, 1,1,1-TCA xylene, methyl isobutyl
ketone (MIK) are used in the manufacturing process. In 1980, PA DER sampling
detected TCE, 1,1,1-TCA, xylene and MIK in cooling waters contained in onsite
unlined lagoons.
Other potential sources have been identified and are currently being
evaluated.
Approximately 1,200 people draw drinking water from municipal wells and a
private well within 3 miles of the Saegertown Industrial Area. No other water
source is available.
Status (December 19891; PA DER is investigating the possibility that
parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site will
conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
BEAUNIT CORP. (OSCULAR KNIT & DYEING PLANT)
Fountain Inn, South Carolina
Conditions at listing (June 1988): Beaunit Corp., presently BEM Holding
Corp., operated the Circular Knit & Dyeing Plant in Fountain Inn, Greenville
County, South Carolina, during 1958-77. An abandons! lagoon used during that
time is behind the Wilson Sporting Goods store at 206 Georgia Street. It is
approximately 70 feet in diameter and varies in depth with rainfall. Roughly
6 feet of sludge are on the bottom. No barriers exist around the lagoon.
This apparently unlined lagoon was used for treatment of waste from Beaunit's
dyeing process. The lagoon discharged into an unnamed stream that flows
northwest to join Howard Branch.
In June 1985, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control found volatile organic compounds, including 1,1-dichloroethane and
1,1,1-trichloroethane, in the lagoon and the nearby unnamed stream. PCBs and
heavy metals, including chromium and lead, were present in soil and sediment
at the site.
Soils in the area are permeable and ground water is shallow (15 feet in
some places). These conditions facilitate movement of contaminants into
ground water. An estimated 1,000 people obtain drinking water from private
wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (December 1989); EPA has completed a search for parties
potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site and plans to
negotiate with them to conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and identify
alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
HELENA CHEMICAL 00. LANDFILL
Fairfax, South Carolina
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Helena Chemical Co. formulated
pesticides in Fairfax, Allendale County, South Carolina, during 1971-78. Ihe
company ^1*^**^ Of pesticides and empty pesticide containers in an unlined
landfill measuring approximately 100 by 150 by 8 feet. In the spring of 1984,
the company removed some of the waste, transported it to an approved hazardous
waste facility, and capped the site.
In March 1985, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control (SCDHBC) detected 2,4-di
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ROCK HILL CHEMICAL 00.
Rock Hill, South Carolina
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Rock Hill Chemical Co. operated a
solvent distillation facility in the 1960s on approximately 4.5 acres on North
Cherry Road in a light commercial and residential area of Rock Hill, York
County, South Carolina. The company distilled paint solvents and reportedly
recovered textile dye products. Some of the residue from the bottoms of the
storage tanks and drums was placed in piles on the surface and later covered
with dirt and construction debris. Ihe facility was abandoned after it burned
in 1964. The site is now owned by Rutledge Enterprise and First Federal
Savings and Loan.
In an inspection in 1985, EPA discovered aboveground tanks, an under-
ground tank, a sludge pile, and an area of discolored soil. EPA analyses
revealed lead, PCBs, chromium, methylene chloride, and 1,2-dichloroethane in
waste and oil samples and trichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in an on-site well. An estimated
1,100 people obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the site. The
South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCEHEC) advised
a nearby business to stop using its well. The owner of an adjacent trailer
park (approximately 200 residents) hooked the park up to a municipal water
system.
In 1986, SCEHEC detected PCBs and other organic compounds, including
trichloroethane and tetrachloroethane, in the unnamed tributary to the Catawba
River that drains the site. Fort Mill draws drinking water for an estimated
5,500 people from an intake into the Catawba River that is approximately 2
miles downstream of the site.
In 1986, First Federal transported approximately 41 cubic yards of paint
sludges and still bottoms to a hazardous waste facility regulated under Sub-
title C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). In late 1987,
under an EPA Administrative Order issued under CERCIA Section 106 and RCRA
Section 7003, Rutledge Enterprises discharged approximately 2,000 gallons of
waste water contaminated with solvents, in limited amounts per day, into the
city sewer system for treatment in the municipal sewage treatment plant.
Status (December 1989); EPA's preliminary plan for fiscal year 1990
includes a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
Several parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the
site recently removed additional sludge from the site under supervision of EPA
emergency personnel.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SMJGAMD-WESTCN ZNC./IWELVE-MELE CEEEtyTAKE HARTWELL PCB OCNIAMINAnON
Pickers, South Carolina
Conditions at listincr f Jan"^Ty 1987) ; Ilie Sangamo-Weston, Inc. /Twelve—
Mile Creek/lake Hartwell PCB Contamination Site consists of the Sangamo
property and portions of the Twelve-Mile Creek and the Twelve-Mile Creek arm
of lake Hartwell. The 224-acre site is in northwestern South Carolina, in
Pickens, Pickens County* Sangano manufactured PCB containing electrical
capacitors there during 1955-76.
As required by CERdA Section 103 (c) , Sangano notified EPA of its
of approximately 38,700 cubic yards of PCB waste on its plant site
and an undetermined amount in seven satellite dumps, all in the Twelve-Mile
Creek* Basin. Solid, sludge, and liquid wastes were stored or disposed of in
piles, landfills, and impoundments. EPA is continuing to search for any
additional sources of contamination, and may expand the site if contamination
is found to extend further than currently identified. Sangamo-Weston has
removed over 17,000 cubic yards of waste from past disposal areas on and off
the plant property. These wastes are contained in an EPA-approved landfill on
the plant property.
EPA and the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
(SCCHEC) detected PCBs in run-off leaving the Sangamo-Weston Pickens Plant,
tributaries of Twelve-Mile Creek, lake Hartwell, and the distribution system
of the Easley-Central Water Plant, which provides drinking water to 14,500
people. The plant intake is in Twelve-Mile Creek. A demson University
intake in the Twelve-Mile Creek arm of Lake Hartwell serves 15,800 students
and employees. Since 1977, EPA and SCCHEC have monitored PCB levels in fish
taken from Lake Hartwell. Levels have been declining, although the rate of
decline appears to be slowing. After reviewing data from 1983 to early 1986,
the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry said PCBs appear to
present no imminent or substantial public health threat in Pickens County.
In December 1984, 344 residents of Catteechee, South Carolina, filed
lawsuits against Sangamo and two other companies over alleged health effects
from PCB exposure. In August 1986, EPA negotiated a Consent Order under
CERCLA Section 106 (a) with Sangamo-Weston for sampling to determine the extent
of contamination at one of the seven satellite dumps, a 0.5-acre dump used for
landfilling 24,000 cubic feet of PCB waste. In November 1985, EPA found PCB
levels as high as 27,000 ppm in soil samples.
Status (December 1989) ; Under a CERCLA Consent Order signed on June 18,
1987, Sangamo-Weston is conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study
to determine the extent of the contamination at six satellite dumps and the
Pickens Plant and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Under an agreement reached in June 1988, the Catteechee residents will
receive varying settlements. In addition, Sangamo-Weston granted the Medical
University of South Carolina $750,000 for periodic epidemiological studies of
residents with complaints involving PCBs.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
TOWNSEND SAW CHAIN CD.
Pontiac, South Carolina
Cor*Htions at listing (June 1988): The Townsend Saw Chain Co. Site
covers over 2 acres at the intersection of State Route 53 and 1-20 in Pontiac,
Richland County, South Carolina. Information the company provided to EPA, as
required by CERCXA Section 103 (c), indicates that wastes containing heavy
metals and solvents were Hygpngcd of at the site. During 1969-81, the company
discharged large amounts of chromium waste onto the ground.
A July 1985 South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
(SCDHEC) investigation revealed elevated levels of cadmium and chromium in
ground water at the site. Also, a surface water sample near a spring at the
site contained high levels of chromium and volatile organic chemicals,
including 1,1-dichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
trichloroethylene.
Private wells within 3 miles of the site provide drinking water to an
estimated 1,400 people. The nearest well is less than 0.4 mile from the site.
A private well near the site was closed in 1981-82 and the home connected to
the public water system.
Wbodcreek- Lake is within 2 miles downstream of the site and is used for
recreational activities. Additional surface water systems potentially
affected by the site include two creeks, a pond, and fresh water wetlands.
Since November 15, 1982, the company has been pumping contaminated ground
water to the surface, treating it to remove chromium, and spraying the treated
water into a wooded area.
Status (December 1989); EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
CARRIER AIR OCNDITICNING CO.
Collierville, Tennessee
Copflit'ions at listing (June 1988): Carrier AIT* Conditioning Co., a
United Technologies company, manufactures air conditioners on approximately
145 acres in Collierville, Shelby County, Tennessee. Three releases of
trichloroethylene (TCE) to the environment have been documented. In 1978, a
filter cover failed on a vapor degreaser, spilling 2,000 to 5,000 gallons of
TCE. According to Carrier, the local fire department washed this material
into Nonconnah Creek. Soil samples collected at the spill site by the State
in April 1986 contained TCE.
Starting in about 1972, Carrier operated an unlined, 200-cubic-foot
lagoon for storage of TCE-contaminated paint sludges. Presumably it leaked
TCE. In November 1980, Carrier removed wastes and soil from the lagoon and
sent them to an EPA-regulated hazardous waste facility.
A third release occurred in January 1985. Following a period of heavy
rain, an unknown volume of TCE leaked from underground pipes. The company
recovered 542 gallons of TCE. As a result of this spill, wells were installed
at the facility to monitor the Memphis Sands Aquifer. TCE was detected in
several wells in January 1986.
The Carrier facility is located within 2,000 feet of wells of the City of
Collierville. Analyses conducted in July 1986 by the Tennessee Department of
Health and Environment found that the west well for Water Plant #2 was
contaminated with low levels of TCE. Subsequently, Carrier sampled both wells
at Water Plant #2, both wells at Water Plant #1 (approximately 15 miles east
of Carrier), and the treated water from both plants. low levels of TCE were
found in both wells at Water Plant #2. Carrier continues to monitor public
and private wells in the area. An estimated 12,800 people obtain drinking
water from wells in the Memphis Sands Aquifer within 3 miles of the site.
This facility obtained Interim Status under Subtitle C of the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when it filed a Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application to treat, store, or dispose
of hazardous waste. Later, it withdrew its Part A and converted to generator-
only status with EPA or State approval. Hence, it satisfies a component of
EPA's NPL/RCRA policy.
Status (December 1989): In September 1989, EPA and Carrier, Inc., signed
a CERCLA Consent Order under which Carrier will conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action.
Field work is scheduled to begin in January 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ARROWHEAD ASSOCIATES INC./SCOVILL CORP.
Montross, Virginia
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Arrowhead Associates, Inc./
Soovill Corp. Site occupies 25 acres in Montross in a rural area of
Westmoreland County, Virginia. Scovill electroplated cosmetic cases from 1966
to 1972, when Arrowhead, Inc., of Delaware acquired the business and assets of
that facility. Arrowhead continued electroplating until 1979. During
1979-81, Arrowhead filled cases with cosmetics at the site. From 1979 to the
present, several other firms have assembled and filled cosmetic cases on the
site, and from 1975 to the present, wiring harnesses for automobiles have been
manufactured on the site.
Plating wastes were treated in a surface inpoundment system and
discharged to Scates Branch under a permit issued under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). After the plating stopped in 1979,
process equipment and materials were abandoned at the site. Many drums of
cyanide-ccntaining wastes and raw materials (including organic solvents) were
left outside and were in various stages of deterioration. Five sludge beds
and a settling pond on-site contain elevated levels of chromium, cyanide, and
other hazardous substances, according to t^st'-s conducted in July 1985 by a
consultant to Scovill.
Ground water is shallow (25 feet in some cases) and soils permeable,
conditions that facilitate movement of contaminants in the leaking drums into
ground water. An estimated 1,100 people obtain drinking water from shallow
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
During monitoring under the NPDES permit, the Virginia State Water
Control Board detected cyanide, copper, and zinc in the discharge from the
pond to Scates Branch. A coastal wetland is 1.2 miles from the site. Local
surface water is used for recreational activities within 3 miles downstream of
the facility.
In 1986, Scovill Corp. signed a Consent Order with EPA under Sections
106(a) and 104(a), (b), and (e) of CERCIA. The order requires the company to
develop a plan to decontaminate and/or remove tanks on the site and dispose of
the contents; excavate, containerize, and dispose of visibly contaminated
soils and surface materials; close out and remove the sludge beds and settling
pond; and sample the soil, surface water, and sediments to define the depth
and lateral extent of contamination and identify the spread of contamination
by surface water run-off routes. The company has completed the plan and is
currently implementing it. The only work remaining under the order is the
closing and removal of the sludge beds and settling ponds.
Status (December 1989); In July 1989, Scovill Corp. signed a Consent
Order with the Virginia Department of Waste Management to conduct a remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The
state and EPA are reviewing the company's draft workplan for the RI/FS.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ATLANTIC WOOD INDUSTRIES, INC.
Portsmouth, Virginia
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Atlantic Wood Industries, Inc.,
Site consists of a 47-acre wood-treating facility and adjacent river water and
sediment in the City of Portsmouth, Virginia. The site is on the South Branch
of the Elizabeth River, approximately 7 miles upstream from Chesapeake Bay.
The facility has been in operation since 1926.
Contaminants of concern are two wood preservatives used by the facility
— creosote and pentachlorophenol (used until December 1985). Wastes present
on-site include: creosote stored in above-ground tanks, an unknown quantity of
creosote-contaminated sediment and soils, and 20,000 cubic feet of landfilled
wood chips contaminated with creosote and pentachorophenol.
According to sampling conducted by EPA, Atlantic Wood, and the Virginia
State Water Control Board, wastes on-site have contaminated ground water,
which is infiltrating a storm sewer owned by the City of Portsmouth. The
storm sewer outfall discharges into an intertidal drainage ditch that is part
of the South Branch of the Elizabeth River. EPA has detected high
concentrations of creosote in the ditch, and benzene and naphthalene, both
constituents of creosote, in air above the ditch. Approximately 14,000 people
work within 0.5 mile of the ditch.
The South Branch of the Elizabeth River is an estuarine, tidal water
body. Tides would be expected to carry contaminants upstream to waters used
for crabbing and to estuarine wetlands. Oyster beds are located within
3 miles downstream of the site. Studies by the Virginia Institute of Marine
Science have shown that oysters within this reach have accumulated significant
levels of creosote constituents.
Status (December 1989); On July 23, 1987, EPA and the company entered
into an Administrative Order on Consent under CERCLA Section 106. Under the
order, the company is analyzing various alternatives for addressing the
problems with the storm sewer system discharging to the Elizabeth River.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
SUFFOLK GUY LANDFILL
Suffolk, Virginia
Conditions at listing (June 1988): The Suffolk City Landfill covers 67
acres on Route 604 within the City of Suffolk, Virginia. The area is rural
and agricultural. The landfill is owned ty Suffolk City and managed by the
Suffolk City Public Works Department. It operated during 1967-84 and is now
being closed, which includes covering, grading, and planting.
According to the Public Works Department, the unlined landfill received
primarily municipal solid waste. In 1983, it received a permit from the
Virginia Department of Health to accept municipal wastes. Industries such as
General Electric Co., Dixie Guano Co., and local peanut processing companies
may also have contributed waste, according to Suffolk City records.
Of primary concern is the on-site disposal of highly toxic
organophosphate pesticides. In 1970, according to the Public Works
Department, Dixie Guano Co. disposed of an estimated 27 tons of cyanophos,
disulfoton, and thimet into a portion of the landfill. EPA analyses in 1986
revealed disulfoton in on-site ground water and cyanide, cyanopos, and
disulfoton in on-site soils and retention basins. An estimated 2,500 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site. No other
source of water is available.
Surface run-off from the site discharges into two unnamed tributaries to
the Great Dismal Swamp, a major fresh water wetland.
The site is not completely fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (December 1989); On June 29, 1989, the City of Suffolk and the
Virginia Department of Waste Management entered into an Administrative Order
on Consent under CERCLA Sections 104 and 106. The orders call for the city to
conduct a remedial investigation/feasibility study to determine the type and
extent of contamination at the site and identify alternatives for remedial
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PARKER SANITARY LANDFILL
Lyndon, Vermont
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Farter Sanitary Landfill covers 25
acres in the southeastern portion of the Town of Lyndon, Caledonia County,
Vermont. Ray O. Farter and Son, Inc., has owned and operated the site as a
solid waste landfill since 1972, when it received a permit from the Vermont
Department of Environmental Conservation (VT DEC) to accept solid waste.
Prior to 1983, according to a VT DEC report (1985), approximately 1.3
million gallons of liquid wastes plus 760 tons of solid or semisolid wastes,
including metal plating rinse waters, waste oils, electroplating sludges,
paint sludges, chlorinated solvent sludges, caustic cleaners, and metallic
salts, were disposed of in three areas of the landfill. Liquid and sludge
wastes were poured directly onto the ground or into unlined pits and lagoons.
The wastes came primarily from Northeast Tool, Vermont Tap and Die (both a
part of Vermont American Corp. and both in Lyndonville), and Colt Industries
(in nearby St. Johnsbury), according to VT DEC.
During a site inspection in May 1984, VT DEC detected trichloroethane,
trans-l,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, and
tetrachloroethylene in an unnamed stream bordering the landfill to the north
and east, in ground water at the landfill, and in four private wells 0.5 mile
southwest of the landfill. A study of area hydrology conducted by VT DEC
indicates that contamination is coming from the landfill. An estimated 3,200
people obtain drinking water from a municipal well field 1.75 miles north of
the landfill; 124 private wells are within 3 miles of the landfill.
The unnamed stream flows into the Passumpsic River, which is used for
recreational activities. The site is not fenced, making it possible for
people and animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances.
Status (December 1989); EPA has issued general notice letters to
parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site informing
them of their possible liability.
VT DEC is reviewing applications for continued operations of the landfill
and construction of an emergency lined landfill adjacent to the present
landfill.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
ALUMINUM CD. OF AMERICA (VANCOUVER SMELTER)
Vancouver, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Aluminum Co. of America (ALDQA)
started operating a primary aluminum smelter in 1940 on a site of several
hundred acres adjacent to the Columbia River in Vancouver, Clark County,
Washington. In 1986, VANALOO purchased the smelter portion of the site and
plans to re-open it.
About 56,000 tons of waste potlinings containing cyanide, fluoride, and
heavy metals were piled on bare ground on the site during 1973-80. AKJOA has
been monitoring ground water since 1979. Both ALOQA and the State have found
cyanide and fluoride in wells around the piles. One of the wells provides
drinking and process water for the smelter. An estimated 50,000 people draw
drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Ground water is also used to irrigate almost 300 acres of cropland within
3 miles of the site.
In June 1987, ALCOA completed studies conducted under an Administrative
Order issued by the Washington Department of Ecology. The department is
reviewing the studies.
Status (December 1989); In September 1989, ALCOA completed detailed
sampling to characterize the potlining piles. A report summarizing the
sampling is expected to be completed in early 1990. At that time, ALCOA and
the Washington Department of Ecology will negotiate a plan for a removal
action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NAVAL AIR STATION WHIDBEY ISIAND
(AULT FIELD)
Whidbey Island, Washington
Conditions at listing (September 1985); The Naval Air Station (NAS) at
Whidbey Island in Island County, Washington, was commissioned in September
1942. It covers over 7,000 acres and is composed of two bases — Ault Field
and Seaplane Bag^ — 5 miles apart. The mission of NAS Whidbey Island is to
maintain and operate facilities and provide services and materials in support
of the Navy's aviation activities and units.
Ault Field contains most of the military activities. Its major waste-
generating activities include aircraft and vehicle maintenance and washing,
engine testing, nondestructive testing, parts cleaning, painting and paint
stripping, battery maintenance, pest control, public work maintenance, and
transformer servicing. Wastes generated include carbon tetrachloride,
trichloroethylene (TCE), methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, trichloroethane (TCA),
zinc, lead, caustic cleaners, waste paints, and pentachlorophenols.
The Ault Field Site consists of 23 waste areas. To date, contamination
of ground water or surface water has not been documented. The waste areas
lie over both the shallow and the sea-level aquifers. These aquifers provide
drinking water to about 21,000 people within 3 miles of the site. Local
surface water bodies are used for recreation and irrigation. One surface
water intake, 6,500 feet from the site, is used to irrigate 66 acres of
farmland. A fresh water wetland is within 500 feet of the site.
NAS Whidbey Island is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, evaluate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. The Navy has completed Phase I (records search). Phase II
(preliminary survey) is scheduled to start in October 1985.
Status (December 1989); The Navy's expanded site investigation,
conducted in the summer of 1989, revealed that the shallow aquifer is
contaminated with TCA and TCE. The investigation also showed a hydraulic
connection that permits water to flow between the shallow and intermediate
aquifers. Cleanup will be divided into 32 "operable units" (discrete field
activities) that will be considered in 8 remedial investigations/feasibility
studies, which will determine the type and extent of contamination at Ault
Field and identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NAVAL AIR STATION WHIDBEY. ISLAND
(SEAPLANE BASE)
Whidbey Island, Washington
Conditions at listing (September 1985); Ihe Naval Air Station (NAS) at
Whidbey Island in Island County, Washington, was commissioned in September
1942. It covers over 7,000 acres and is composed of two bases — Ault Field
and Seaplane B^gg — 5 miles apart. Ihe mission of NAS Whidbey Island is to
maintain and operate facilities and provide services and materials in support
of the Navy's aviation activities and units. Ault Field contains most of the
military activities.
Ihe major waste-generating activities at Seaplane Base involve aircraft
and vehicle maintenance, paint and paint stripping, and machine and boat shop
operations. Wastes generated include solvents, zinc chromate, lead-
containing paint wastes, thinners, ethylene glycol, sulfurid acid, and lead-
based sealants. Ihe Seaplane Base Site consists of six waste areas (a
landfill and five uncontained spills) covering 7 acres. To date,
contamination of ground water or surface water has not been documented. The
waste areas potentially affect both the shallow and sea-level aquifers. These
aquifers provide drinking water to about 16,500 people within 3 miles of the
site. Local surface water bodies are used for recreation. A coastal wetland
is within 200 feet of the site.
NAS Whidbey Island is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of Defense
seeks to identify, evaluate, and clean up contamination from hazardous
materials. The Navy has completed Phase I (records search). Phase II
(preliminary survey) is scheduled to start in October 1985.
Status (December 19891; Contamination of nearby shellfish and sediments
is suspected, but additional sampling is necessary to confirm previous data.
The Navy has identified 12 "operable units" (discrete field activities)
that will be considered in two remedial investigations/feasibility studies,
which will determine the type and extent of contamination at Seaplane Base and
identify alternatives for remedial action.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
NCRfflWEST TRANSFORMER (SOUffl HARKNESS STREET)
Everson, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Northwest Transformer started to
refurbish and manufacture transformers in 1958 on South Harkness Street, a
mixed-use area of downtown Everson, Whatcom County, Washington. The company
transferred its storage and salvage operations from its Mission and Pole Road
salvage yard to the downtown site after the salvage yard underwent an EPA
emergency removal in 1985 and was placed on the NPL in 1986. By 1987, the
company had oenspri operations at South Harkness Street.
At the South Harkness Street Site, which covers less than 1 acre,
Northwest Transformer stores transformers, drums, and bulk tanks outdoors in
an unpaved yard. A Washington Department of Ecology inspection in December
1985 detected high levels of PCBs in on-site soils. Soils are permeable, and
ground water is shallow (11.5 feet) in some places at the site. These
conditions facilitate movement of contaminants into ground water. Wells
within 3 miles of the site are used by over 10,000 people for drinking and for
irrigation. Surface water from the area is used for irrigation.
Status (December 1989) t EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
OID INIAND PIT
Spokane, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1986) ; The Old Inland Pit covers about 10
acres in an industrial park in Spokane, Spokane County, Washington. The
property was owned by Inland Asphalt Co. from 1969 to 1976, when it was sold
to individuals who at one t^vpp were associated with the company.
In 1976, baghouse emission dusts from Spokane Steel Foundry Co. were
placed in the unlined gravel pit at the site. The foundry manufactures iron
and steel parts across the road from the Old Inland Pit. The pit continues to
receive wastes, and during a recent EPA inspection there was evidence that
baghouse emission dusts apparently continue to be dumped .
Wastes in the pit contain toxic metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and
lead) and organic chemicals (acetone, methylene chloride, toluene, and
trichloroethylene) , according to tests conducted by EPA.
The site overlies the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer, which is
the sole source of drinking water for more than 30,000 people within 3 miles
of the site. The soil is permeable so that contaminants can move into ground
water.
Status (December 19891 ; EPA is considering various alternatives for the
site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PACIFIC CAR & FOUNDRY CO.
Renton, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Pacific Car & Foundry Co.
manufactures trucks, winches, military equipment, railroad cars, and anodes on
97 acres in an industrial area of Renton, King County, Washington. The
facility operated during 1907-24 and from 1934 to the present. The company is
a division of PACCAR, Inc.
An inactive company landfill occupies the northwest quarter of the
property. Until 1964, the facility deposited waste materials, including
foundry sand, wood, metal, paints, solvents, and oils, in a marshy area
underlain by peat and clay. The wastes are estimated to have been buried up
to 7 feet below the surface. Sand and gravel have been used to cover the
abandoned landfill.
In February 1986, PACCAR, Inc., detected lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium,
and chromium in on-site soil and in shallow ground water. Renton has wells in
an aquifer connected to the shallow contaminated aquifer. An estimated 37,200
people obtain drinking water from municipal wells within 3 miles of the site.
In November 1987, PACCAR, Inc., removed some contaminated soil containing
hydrocarbons and lead and transported it to a hazardous waste facility
regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
A ditch on the site drains into the Odar River and John's Creek. The
fipHar River flows into lake Washington, which is within 3 miles downstream of
the site and is used for recreational activities.
Status (December 1989); In August 1988, under a Consent Decree with the
Washington Department of Ecology, PACCAR began a remedial investigation/
feasibility study to determine the type and extent of contamination at the
site and identify alternatives for remedial action. The work is scheduled to
be completed in early 1990.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
PASCO SANITftRY IANDFTLL
Pasco, Washington
Conditions at listing (June 1988); Pasoo Sanitary Landfill covers 250
acres 1.5 miles northeast of Pasco, Franklin County, Washington, in an area
dominated by irrigated agricultural fields and range land. The landfill is
privately owned and operated and was converted from a burning dump to a
sanitary landfill in 1971. Since 1982, it has had a conditional use permit
from the Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE) to accept municipal wastes.
In 1972, Resource Recovery Corp. leased a portion of the landfill and
operated a regional hazardous waste disposal site under a WDOE permit until
December 1974, when the lease terminated.
According to WDOE files, over 47,000 drums of hazardous substances
including paint wastes, pesticides, organic solvents, cadmium, and mercury,
were deposited in the leased portion of the landfill. In 1974, the area was
covered by 3 feet of soil.
In 1985, EPA detected tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene in on-
site ground water. A well on-site supplies drinking water to two nearby
residences. Ground water within 3 miles of the site is used by over 1,000
people for drinking and is also used to irrigate almost 10,000 acres of land.
In October 1986, WDOE issued an Administrative Order requiring Resource
Recovery Corp. to monitor on-site wells on a quarterly basis. The company is
currently complying with the order.
Status (December 1989); Resource Recovery Corp. has completed a
hydrogeological evaluation of the site and continues to monitor on-site wells
on a quarterly basis.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
MADISON METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE DISTRICT IAGCONS
Blooming Grove, Wisconsin
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Madison Metropolitan Sewerage
District (MMSD) lagoons cover 135 acres in Blooming Grove, Dane County,
Wisconsin. The City of Madison Water Utility has been depositing sludge from
its Nine Springs Sewer Treatment Plant in the two lagoons since 1942. In
1970, a dike broke, releasing liquids from the lagoons into an old effluent
channel that runs north to Nine Springs Creek, which empties into the Yanara
River; a large number of fish were killed. A second dike broke in 1973.
In December 1982, MMSD detected PCBs — as high as 138 parts per million
(ppm) in some samples — in the lagoons, which contain almost 50,000 dry tons
of PCB-contaminated sludge. The lagoons are in a lowland area bordered on two
sides by 1,000 acres of wetland. Subsurface deposits are permeable. Thus,
contaminants in the lagoon have the potential to move into ground water. An
estimated 94,000 people obtain drinking water from municipal wells within
3 miles of the site. Madison City Well #5 is 1,000 feet to the west of the
lagoons.
Status (December 1989): MMSD is monitoring all dikes for stability in
accordance with its permit under the Wisconsin Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System. No signs of dike failure have been detected to date.
MMSD is managing the sludge based on FOB levels. Sludge below 50 ppm is
spread on agricultural lands during the growing season. Sludge above 50 ppm
remains in place; monitoring indicates PCS levels are dropping slightly. MMSD
is conducting tests through the University of Wisconsin to determine the fate
of PCBs in the soil when sludge with 50 ppm or more of PCBs is spread on
agricultural land. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and EPA
review test data as they become available.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
F.E. WARREN AIR FORCE BASE
Cheyenne, Wyoming
Conditions at listing (July 1989); F.E. Warren Air Force Base is in
Cheyenne, Laramie County, Wyoming. The main base covers 5,866 acres and is 10
miles north of the Colorado border and 40 miles west of the Nebraska border.
Agricultural land is to the north, south, and west; undeveloped residential
land to the northeast and southwest; Cheyenne to the east; and some industrial
development to the southeast.
The base began as an Army outpost in 1867 and became a part of the Air
Force system in 1947. Since 1963, the 90th Strategic Missile Wing has been
the host unit.
Warren Air Force Base is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), established in 1978. Under this program, the Department of
Defense seeks to identify, investigate, and clean up contamination from
hazardous materials. As part of IRP, the Air Force has identified 18 areas as
potentially containing hazardous substances that can migrate. Of the 18, 7
involve spills or leaks, 6 are landfills, 2 are fire training areas, 1 is a
battery acid disposal pit, 1 is the firing range, and 1 involves surface
water. The hazardous materials or leaks were primarily gasoline, oil,
hydraulic fluid, ethylene glycol, battery acid, and trichloroethylene (TCE).
The industrial wastes formerly disposed of on the base consisted primarily of
waste lubricating oils, hydraulic fluid, ethylene glycol, solvents, batteries,
battery acid, coal ash, fly ash, and paint.
TCE and carbon tetrachloride are used as degreasers in base operations.
TCE and chloroform (a degradation product of carbon tetrachloride) are present
in monitoring wells on the base, according to tests conducted in May and June
1987 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). An estimated 2,000 people obtain
drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of hazardous substances on
the base.
USGS also detected lead in soil at the firing range, and TCE in Crow and
Diamond Creeks on the base downgradient of spill areas.
Status (December 1989); The Air Force is taking some response actions at
spill site #7. EPA and the Air Force are negotiating for an Interagency
Agreement under CERCXA Section 120 covering further studies and remedial
activities at the base.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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ADDEHXW
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National Priorities List
Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended in 1986
KEYSER AVENUE BOREHOLE
Scranton, Pennsylvania
Conditions at listing (June 1988); The Keyser Avenue Borehole, also known
as the Lavelle Borehole, is located on a residential property at 1620 North
Keyser Avenue, Scranton, Lackawarma County, Pennsylvania. The borehole, which
is approximately 2 feet in diameter and 110 feet deep, was originally vised in
conjunction with coal mining operations.
A mine pool lies approximately 250 feet below the top of the borehole.
Other pools are in the area. In all, these mine pools hold over 10 million
gallons of water.
In 1984, William Lavelle was convicted by the Pennsylvania Court of
Common Pleas for dumping over 3.0 million gallons of liquid wastes during
1976-79 into the borehole via a floor drain in a commercial garage he rented.
The liquids came from food processors, solvent recyclers, pharmaceutical
manufacturers and other sources. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Resources in 1984 and EPA in 1985 sampled the air around the borehole and the
sludge at the bottom of the borehole. Trichloroethylene, benzene,
chlorobenzene, chloroform, ethylbenzene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-
dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,2-dichloropropane were found in
both air and sludge.
In December 1985, EPA used CERCLA emergency funds to place a temporary cap
on the borehole to prevent further release of contaminants into the air.
Ihe hazardous waste discharged directly into the mine pools may threaten
ground water use. An estimated 1,400 people obtain drinking water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Status (December 1989); In response to public comments, EPA re-evaluated
the site documentation and the site's score on the Hazard Ranking System used
to assess sites for the NFL. Because the score is now below the cutoff point
EPA has established to include a site on the NPL, Keyser Avenue Borehole is
being dropped from consideration for the NPL at this time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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