Report on Water Pollution
in the
jfl
SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN AREA
ST. CLAIR RIVER-LAKE ST. CLAIR
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION
GREAT LAKES REGION
MAY 1967
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REPORT ON
WATER POLLUTION IN THE LAKE ERIE BASIN
SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN AREA
ST. GLAIR RIVER-LAKE ST. GLAIR
MAY 1967
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Great Lakes Region
Detroit Program Office
U.S. Naval Air Station
Grosse lie, Michigan
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PREFACE
The southeastern Michigan area draining into Lake Erie has been
recognized as one of the major water pollution areas of the Lake Erie
system. Extending across the natural watershed boundaries of south-
eastern Michigan's major tributaries is the metropolitan area of Detroit
and its suburbs. The water quality problems of Lake Erie, Detroit River,
Lake St. Glair, St. Clair River, and the individual tributaries are
interrelated and compounded by the urbanization and industrialization
of the area.
The complexity of the problem requires a comprehensive plan for
"CLEAN WATER" that takes into account the cause and effect relationships
of water resource utilization from the headwaters of the smallest
tributary to the large water reservoirs that constitute the Great Lakes.
This document was assembled by the Detroit Program Office, Federal
Water Pollution Control Administration, with the intention that it be used
i
together with information from other sources to develop a comprehensive
plan for water pollution control in the southeast Michigan tributaries
of the Lake Erie Basin. The intended purpose of the plan would be to
restore the usefulness of these waters for recreational purposes, provide
a more suitable environment for fish and aquatic life, and enhance the
value of this resource. It would improve, .the quality of the area's waters
for municipal and industrial purposes, aesthetic enjoyment, and other
beneficial uses.
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Southeast Michigan Drainage Area
|] Interstate Water
Michigan Tributaries to St. Clair
River
DETROIT PROGRAM OFFICE
GREAT LAKES -ILLINOIS RIVER BASIN PROJECT
LOCATION MAP
LAKE ERIE BASIN
CLAIR RIVER-LAKE ST. CLAIR
ST.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION
GRiAT LAKES REGION GROSSE ILE, MICHIGAN
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LAKE ERIE BASIN
SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN AREA
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4
St. Clair River - Hydrology - 4
Tributaries 5
Navigation -.--. 9
Lake St. Clair - Hydrology 13
Tributaries ---....... 15
Navigation -; ~ 19
Climate 22
WATER USE 24
Municipal ' 24
Industrial 24
Recreation 24
SOURCES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTES 30
Municipal 30
Industrial : 35
POPULATION AND WASTE LOAD PROJECTIONS 43
COMMERCIAL SHIPPING AND DREDGING 46
WATER QUALITY - St. Clair River 49
Chemical ' 49
Microbiology ---. ...-.-.--.................... 51
WATER QUALITY - Lake St. Clair 54
Chemical 54
Microbiology 58
BIOLOGY 97
St. Clair River and Tributaries 97
Lake St. Clair 99
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LIST OF FIGURES
Page No.
1. St. Clair River Basin 7
2. Lake St. Clair Basin 8
3. Lake St. Clair Currents for NW Quadrant Winds 17
4, Lake St. Clair Currents for SW Quadrant Winds 18
\.
5. Michigan Tributaries to Lake St. Clair and St. Clair
River 23
6. Michigan Tributaries to St. Clair River _ 26
7. Municipal and Industrial Waste Outfalls 31
8. Location of Sampling Ranges - St. Clair River Basin 50
9. Location of Sampling Stations - Lake St. Clair 55
ii
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LIST OF TABLES
Page No.
1. Flow Distribution of the St. Glair River 6
2. Projected Water Use 25
3. Municipal Water Supplies ' 27
4. Municipal Wastes Characteristics 40
5. Industrial Wastes Characteristics 41
6. Waste Flow Projections 44
7. BOD5 Projections . 45
8. Waterborne Commerce 47
9. Location of Ranges - St. Glair River 53
10. Water Quality - St. Glair River - 1964 ; 59
11. Water Quality - St. Clair River Tributaries - 1964 67
12. Total Coliform Densities - St. Glair River - 1964 68
13. Total Coliform Densities - St. Clair Tributaries - 1964 70
14. Water Quality - St. Clair River Tributaries - MWRC 1964 71
15. Total Coliform Densities - St. Clair Tributaries -
MWRC 1964 72
16. Water Quality - St. Clair River - IJC .1966 73
17. Total Coliform-Densities - St. Clair River - IJC 1966 77
18. Lake St. Clair Water Quality 78
19. Lake St. Clair Water Quality . 86
20. Lake St. Clair Water Quality - Microbiology . 92
21. Lake St. Clair Water Quality - Microbiology < 95
22. Phytoplankton - St. Clair River 103
23. Phytoplankton- Tributaries ' 104
24. Phytoplankton - Lake St. Clair . . 106
iii
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LIST OF TABLES
(cont'd)
Page No.
25. Bottom Flora - Tributaries 110
26. Bottom Flora - Lake St. Clair 111
27. Benthic Macroinvertebrates - St. Clair River 112
28. Benthic Macroinvertebrates - Tributaries 113
29. Benthic Macroinvertebrates - Lake St. Clair 115
30. Physical Observations - St. Clair River 117
31. Physical Observations - Tributaries 118
32. Physical Observations - Lake St. Clair 119
33. Bottom Mud Deposits - St. Clair River and Tributaries 120
34. Bottom Mud Deposits - Lake St. Clair 121
iv
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INTRODUCTION
AUTHORITY
Comprehensive water pollution control studies were authorized by
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1956, as amended (33 USC
466 «t seq.).
Sec. 3.(a) "The Secretary shall, after careful investi-
gation, and in cooperation with other Federal agencies, with
State water pollution control agencies and interstate agencies,
and with the municipalities and industries involved, prepare
or develop comprehensive programs for eliminating or reducing
the pollution of interstate waters and tributaries thereof and
improving the sanitary condition of surface and underground
waters. In the development of such comprehensive programs due
regard shall be given to the improvements which are necessary
to conserve such waters for public water supplies, propagation
of fish and aquatic life and wildlife, recreational purposes,
and agricultural, industrial, and other legitimate uses. For
the purpose of this section, the Secretary is authorized to
make joint investigations with any such agencies of the condi-
tion of any waters in any State or States, and of the discharges
of any sewage, industrial wastes, or substance which may adversely
affect such waters."
Sec. 5.(f) "The Secretary shall conduct research and
technical development work, and make studies, with respect
to the quality of the waters of the Great Lakes, including
an analysis of the present and projected future water quality
of the Great Lakes under varying conditions of waste treat-
ment and disposal, an evaluation of the water quality needs
of those to be served by such waters, an evaluation of muni-
cipal, industrial, and vessel waste treatment and disposal
practices with respect to such waters, and a study of alternate
means of solving water pollution problems (including additional
waste treatment measures) with respect to such waters."
Initiation of the Great Lakes-Illinois River Comprehensive Program
Activity followed an appropriation of funds by the 86th Congress late in
1960. In accordance with the provisions of the Act, the Secretary of
Health, Education, and Welfare delegated the responsibility for the study
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to the Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control of the Public Health
Service. Passage of the "Water Quality Act of 1965" gave the responsibility
for these-studies to the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
(FWPCA). As a result of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1966, the FWPCA was
transferred from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to the
Department of the Interior effective May 10, '1966.
PURPOSE
This report presents the water quality of the St. Clair River and
Lake St. Clair, Michigan as it exists today, and includes predictions of
population, water use, and waste load trends for future years. Its purpose
is to present information that can be used as a basis for developing a
basin wide water pollution control program. The objectives of the Federal
Water Pollution Control Administration are to enhance the quality and
value of the Nation's water resources, and to prevent, control, and abate
water pollution through cooperative municipal, State, and Federal pollution
control programs.
SCOPE
The areas covered by this report are the international waters of the
St. Clair River and the drainage basin that lies within the State of
Michigan, as well as the international waters of Lake St. Clair.
ORGANIZATION
The Detroit Program Office, located at the Naval Air Station, Grosse
lie, Michigan, began collecting water quality data on the St. Clair River
and Lake St. Clair in 1964. Its staff include specialists in several
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professional skills, including sanitary engineers, hydrologists, chemists,
biologists, and bacteriologists. The resources of the Robert A. Taft
Sanitary Engineering Center at Cincinnati, Ohio have been utilized, and
assistance and guidance have been obtained from the Great Lakes-Illinois
River Basins Project, Chicago.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Detroit Program Office has received the cooperation and assistance
of local, State, and Federal agencies, as well as interested individuals.
The principal agencies taking an active part in providing assistance in the
preparation of the report are as follows:
State Agencies -
Michigan Water Resources Commission
Michigan Department of Public Health
Federal Agencies -
U.S. Department of Commerce
Weather Bureau
Office of Business Economics
Bureau of Census
.U.S. Department of the Interior
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife
Bureau of Outdoor Recreation
Geological Survey
U.S. Department of Defense
Detroit District Corps of Engineers
Lake Survey, Corps of Engineers
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
St. Clair River
The St. Clair River (Figure 1) is the outlet of Lake Huron, and
carries through it the entire drainage from Lakes Huron, Michigan, and
Superior. It is actually part of the strait between Lake Huron and Lake
Erie. The Detroit River forms the lower part of the strait.
A natural restriction in the river at Fort Huron, together with the
backwater effects of the rest of the river, control the level and outflow
of Lake Huron.
The St. Clair River is about 38 miles long, and depths throughout its
length exceed 28 feet. Throughout its length on both sides the banks are
fairly high, and are developed for residential, industrial, and recreational
purposes. The river is confined to a channel, averaging 1/2 mile in width
for the upper 27 miles from Port Huron to Algonac. At Algonac, the river
divides into numerous distributaries, forming the delta portion known as
the St. Clair Flats. River velocities range from about 5 miles per hour
in the Port Huron area to about 2 miles per hour in the St. Clair Flats
channels.
The discharge of the St. Clair River, during the 64-year period 1900
to 1963, has averaged 177,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). However, the
mean discharge during 1964 was 151,000 cfs, or 26,000 cfs below the long-term
average.
The hydraulic characteristics as unsed in this report would not be
greatly effected by the lower discharge rates during the survey period.
The river has an average water level drop of 5.7 feet between Lakes
Huron and St. Clair.
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There are two large islands in the upper St. Glair River: Stag Island,
with a length of approximately two miles, located just south of Marysville,
Michigan; and Wood Tick Island, with a length of about one half mile, located
just south of Marine City, Michigan. Both islands are located in Canadian
waters. The distribution of the total river flow around these islands is
as follows: \
East of Stag Island r 35%
West of Stag Island - 65%
East of Wood Tick Island - 17%
West of Wood Tick Island - 83%
When the river reaches the Algonac Region, 32 percent of the flow
enters the North Channel, 20 percent enters the Middle Channel, and 4 percent
enters the Chenal Ecarte. The remaining 44 percent enters the South Channel.
Of this 44 percent, 21 percent flows through the St. Glair Flats Canal, 20
percent flows through the St. Clair Cutoff Channel, and 3 percent enters
Lake St. Clair through the Bassett Channel.
The locations of the St. Clair River sampling stations are shown in
Figure 1. Flow distribution studies were carried out at all the ranges
in the river except SR 39.0. The results of these studies are summarized
in Table 1, entitled "Flow Distribution of the St. Clair River."
Tributaries
The Black River is the largest tributary of the St. Clair River. It
empties into the river at Port Huron, Michigan. The Black River has a
* ^1^
drainage area of 740 square miles, and an average discharge of 430 ' cfs.
It has its headwaters in north central Sanilac County, and flows south-
* Estimated
(1) Estimated by comparison with drainage areas of Black River near
. . Fargo and Mill Creek near Abbottsford, Michigan
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TABLE 1. FLOW DISTRIBUTION OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER
SR 35.4
SR!31*2
SR 26.7
SR 17.5
SR 13.7
SR 10.ON
SR 10.OS
Station No.
P-34
P-35
P-36
P-37
P-38
P-39
P-40
P-41
P-42
P-43
P-44 "
P-45
P-46
P-47
P-48
P-50
P-51
P-52
P-53
P-54
P-56
P-57
P-58
P-59
P-60
P-61
P-62
P-63
P-64
P-65
P-66
Feet from
West Shore
100
500
800
1,000
1,400
100
700
1,000
1,400
1,900
100
800
1,200
1,600
1,900
100
1,200
1,700
2,200
2,600
100
. 700
1,000
1,400
1,900
100
500
900
100
500
900
Percent*
of flow
9.6
23.3
26.9
21.6
18.6
14.9
27.0
16.6
24.9
16.6
18.4
30.2
19.1
19.5
12.8
24.8
38.8
9.6
16.6
10.2
8.7
26.1
19.5
32.9
12.8
13.2
27.6
11.2
4.1
16.5
23.4
*The sampling station represents this percentage of the total flow of
the river.
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FIGURE I
LOCATION OF SAMPLING RANGES
ST. CLAIR RIVER
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FIGURE 2
LOCATION MAP
LEGEND
EOo Eitra BlolOOJ Statioi
LOCATION OF SAMPLING STATIONS
LAKE ST. CLAIR
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easterly to Port Huron and the St. Clair River.
*
The Pine River has a drainage area of 170 square miles, and an average
discharge of 97 ' cfs. It empties into the St. Clair River at St. Clair,
Michigan.
The Belle River empties into the St. Clair River at Marine City,
^
Michigan. It has a drainage area of 190 square miles, and an average
discharge of 108 (2^ cfs.
*
Talford Creek, in Ontario, Canada, has a drainage area of 21 square
miles, and an average flow of 12^ ' cfs. It .empties into the St. Clair
River about 2 miles north of Corunna, Ontario.
Baby Creek in Ontario discharges into the St. Clair River about 1/2
mile south of Moore, Ontario. It has an average flow of A ' cfs, and a
drainage area of 11.5 square miles.
(3)
Clay Creek, in Ontario, has an average flow of 5 cfs, and a drainage
it
area of 14 square miles. It empties into the St. Clair River 1-1/2 miles
south of Bickford, Ontario.
Navigation
The St. Clair River is the navigation route to the St. Lawrence Seaway
from the upper Great Lakes. This channel has been improved by the United
States at various locations along the river to provide a minimum depth of 27.1
feet for both upbound and downbound traffic. There is a single deep channel
at the St. Clair Cutoff Channel.
Point Edward, Ontario, is located at the head of the St. Clair River.
(2) Estimated by comparison with drainage area of North Branch Clinton
River near Mt. Clemens, Michigan.
(3) Estimated by comparison with drainage area of East Branch Coon Creek
. at Armada, Michigan. .
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There is a maintained channel with a depth of 21 feet along the front of
the docks in Point Edward.
Sarnia, Ontario is a city near the head of the St. Glair River
opposite Fort Huron. There is a channel from the river to the wharves, 2,400
feet long, with a controlling depth of 18 feet.
Port Huron is located on the Michigan side of the river at its head.
In this area, the full width of the St. Glair River is available for
navigation by both upbound and downbound traffic. The river has a control-
ling depth of 27.4 feet over a width of 800 feet. The Black River empties
into the St. Glair River at Port Huron. In the Black River there is a
channel from its mouth to the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge. This
channel has a length of 8,200 feet, and a width that varies from 160 feet
at the mouth to 75 feet at its upper end. Upstream from the railroad bridge,
the channel is 75 feet wide for 2,300 feet. In the first channel, there is
a least depth of 14 feet from the mouth, 4,900 feet upstream. From this
point, the depth decreases to 11 feet at the end of the second channel.
Above the dredged portion the Black River is navigable for small boats only.
Stag Island is an island in the St. Glair River approximately 2 miles
long. It is located just south of Marysville, Michigan in Canadian waters.
The main channel, used by all river traffic, is west of Stag Island, and
has a minimum width of 1,000 feet and a controlling depth of 27.4 feet. The
Canadian channel is a non-maintained channel to the east of Stag Island.
In 1950 there was a minimum width of 500 feet and a depth of 21 feet in the
Canadian Channel.
There are two channels in the St. Glair River from opposite Moore,
Ontario to below the mouth of the Pine River in St. Clair, Michigan. The
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channel that is used for river traffic is the western one. This channel
has a minimum width of 1,000 feet, and a minimum depth of 27.3 feet. The
Canadian Channel is a non-maintained channel on the east side of the river.
It had a minimum depth of 24 feet and a minimum width of 400 feet.
Courtright, Ontario is a village on the Canadian Channel opposite
St. Clair, Michigan. There are depths of 15 to 20 feet along its wharves.
Moore, Ontario is a village on the north end of the Canadian Channel, 1-1/2
miles above Courtright. There is a depth of 12 feet at the end of the wharf
in Moore.
The Fine River empties into the St. Clair River near the south end of
St. Clair, Michigan. There is a channel in the Pine River from the mouth,
upstream for 2,500 feet. It was dredged 100 feet wide and 13 feet deep.
There is then an additional length of 3,300 feet. This section of channel
was dredged 75 feet wide and 11 feet deep. A survey taken in 1944 showed
the controlling depth to be 9 feet for a distance of 3,000 feet above the
mouth. From there the depth gradually decreased to 3 feet at a point 10,000
feet above the mouth.
Wood Tick Island is an island about 1/2 mile long. It is located
just south of Marine City, Michigan, and is completely in the Canadian
portion of the St. Clair River. The channel passing on the west side of
the island has a width of 1,000 feet and a controlling depth of 27.2 feet.
The channel to the east of Wood Tick Island has a width of at least 400
feet and a depth of 18 feet. It is used less frequently than the main
channe1.
Sombra, Ontario is a small village on the east channel of the St.
Clair River, and opposite Marine City, Michigan. In this village there is
11
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a public wharf that is used as a refuge for small boats drawing less than 4
feet of water.
The Belle River empties into the St. Glair River near the south end
of Marine City, Michigan. This river is used as a winter harbor for medium-
sized vessels. A channel was dredged for a distance of 5,400 feet. In 1957,
the controlling depth was 7 feet for the first 2,500 feet. This depth
increased to 5 feet at the end of the remaining 2,900 feet.
Port Lambton, Ontario is a village on the east side of the St. Clair
River, about one mile north of the Chenal Ecarte. There are two wharves in
the village. One has a depth of 20 feet and the other has a depth of 9
feet along the river face.
Roberts Landing, Michigan is on the west side of the river. From 2,000
feet above to 4,000 feet below Roberts Landing, the river has been dredged
to a depth of 27.2 feet.
Algonac, Michigan is a village opposite Russell Island in the St. Clair
River. It has docks with 12 to 15 feet of water. At Algonac the river
divides into two parts. North Channel turns west and South Channel continues
southwest.
South Channel is the main channel for river traffic. It has a length
of about 6-1/4 miles and a minimum depth of 27.1 feet. It has a minimum
width of 700 feet at the Southeast Bend section, and elsewhere a minimum
width of 1,000 feet.
The St. Clair Cutoff Channel runs from the South Channel at the head
of the Bassett Channel to its junction with the Lake St. Clair Ship Channel.
It is a straight channel, 27,700 feet long and 700 feet wide, with a
controlling depth of 27.1 feet.
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Lake St. Clair
Lake St. Clair is a shallow, heart-shaped body of water about 25 miles
long and 25 miles wide (Figure :2). It is a ponded area in the river,
part of a strait between Lake Huron and Lake Erie. The upper part of the
strait is the St. Clair River, which flows out of Lake Huron and into the
northern part of Lake St. Clair. The Detroit River is the lower end of the
strait and flows from the southwestern tip of Lake St. Clair to Lake Erie.
The entire drainage from the upper Great Lakes - Superior, Michigan, and
Huron - flows through the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit
River with an average annual flow of 178,000 cfs.
Lake St. Clair has a surface area of 490 square miles, and a drainage
area of 5,000 square miles, exclusive of the upper Great Lakes and the St.
Clair River drainage areas.
The lake is a shallow saucer-shaped basin with gently sloping bottom,
having a maximum natural depth of 21 feet, and a dredged channel for
navigation running diagonally across the lake from the mouth of the St. Clair
River to the head of the Detroit River at a depth of 27 feet below datum (571.7
*
feet above sea leavel, IGLD ).
The northeast and east shorelines of Lake St. Clair are predominantly
marshland. An extensive delta of marshland and shallow water with low
profile islands throughout has been formed at the mouth of the St. Clair
River. This delta extends six miles into Lake St. Clair, and is traversed
by the five main channels, into which the St. Clair River divides as it
enters the delta area.
The level of the lake varies seasonally, with summer maximum levels
International Great Lakes Datum. Mean water level of Gulf of St. Lawrence
'at Fathers Point, Quebec.
13
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averaging 1.8 feet higher than winter levels. This is a result of seasonal
variance in runoff from the drainage basin of the upper lakes. Superimposed
on the annual fluctuation is a change in the general range of levels from
a low 569.86 feet IGLD in June 1936 to a high of 575.70 feet above sea
level IGLD in July 1952. Temporary fluctuations in level of varying amounts
up to several feet are caused by wind action, sudden barometric changes, or
ice jams in the St. Clair River which reduced the major source of supply
to the lake. Occasional level changes result from changes in Lake Erie
level, which cause a reduction of Detroit River flow and raising of Lake St.
V
Clair levels. Such reactions are rare and Very temporary in their effects
on Lake St. Clair.
Lake levels during 1964 (the period of th.e survey) were at record
lows throughout the Great Lakes. Lake Erie was 1 to 1-1/2 feet below average,
and Lake Michigan-Huron was about 3 feet below average. The level of Lake
St. Clair was approximately 2 feet below the long-term average during this
time. Flow in the St. Clair River during 1964 averaged 153,000 cfs, which
is 25,000 cfs below the all-time average of 178,000 cfs for 65 years of
record.
Although the levels and flow were lower than average, no major effects
on the hydraulic characteristics of the lake were noted.
Retention time in Lake St. Clair, using average flow and average levels,
is computed as approximately eight days. This, of course, would vary under
field conditions because of current movements, eddies, and recirculation,
particularly in the eastern half of the lake due to the natural configuration
of the bottom and shoreline. It does indicate, however, that the flushing
interval is very short.
14
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Currents in Lake St. Clair are predominantly north to south because
of the overwhelming influence of the flow-through of the St. Clair-Detroit
River system. The flow distribution of 68 percent through the main channels
to the main body of the lake, and 32 percent into Anchor Bay, sets the
general flow pattern of Lake St. Clair. These currents are modified and
influenced by wind friction on open areas of the lake, particularly the
eastern half of the lake.
During the months of June through October, the most frequent winds
are from the south and southwest. From November through March,winds from
the southwest to northwest are the most frequent.
Winds from the west through north quadrants (Figure 3 ) were observed
to result in a generally southerly current in the center part of the lake
from the Anchor Bay area and St. Clair Cutoff Channel. These currents moved
near the south shore in the vicinity of Belle River, then swung westerly
along the shore toward the Detroit River.
In Anchor Bay, counter-clockwise movements were observed from the mouth
of the North Channel swinging to a southerly flow past the mouth of the
Clinton River into the main body of the lake.
Water was observed to move southerly along the Michigan shore from
about Milk River to the Detroit River.
Irregular and slowly moving currents were observed in the area near the
Clinton River cutoff and throughout the eastern part of the lake. This
would seem to indicate upwelling or sinking in these areas as shown on
Figure 3.
Winds from the south through west quadrant, Figure 4 , gave essentially
the same results as the northwest quadrant, with the exception of an
15
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indication of a counter-clockwise current in the bay, south and west of
Point Huron. However, insufficient observations were made in the eastern
part of the lake to draw conclusions for this wind condition.
Insufficient data were available to determine currents for the winds
from the north through east, and east through south quadrants.
In the shallow parts of the lake, currents may reverse and large eddies
may form under all wind conditions; These eddies and reversed currents
may cover large areas of the lake, but since they occur in the shallow areas,
relatively small volumes of water are affected.
Under normal conditions, approximately 48 percent of the water about to
enter the Detroit River from Lake'St. Clair is in the Canadian part of the
lake.
Besides the St. Clair River, there are numerous small rivers and
streams that flow into Lake St. Clair (Figure 5 ).
Beaubien Creek has a drainage area of about 24 square miles. It has
1 (1)
an average flow of approximately 14 cfs, and discharges into Anchor Bay
about 1 mile south of Copeland Corner.
"fe
Swan Creek has a drainage area of about 25 square miles. It has an
average flow of approximately 14 cfs and empties into Anchor Bay at
Fair Haven.
*
Salt Creek has a drainage area of 29 square miles. It has an average
flow of approximately 17 cfs and discharges into Anchor Bay about 3 miles
southwest of New Baltimore.
The Clinton River has a drainage area of approximately 740 square miles.
It has had a mean flow of 484 cfs for the 29 years of record, 1935 to 1963.
*
Estimated
(1) Computed by ratio of drainage areas with North Branch Clinton River.
16
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FIGURE 3
LAKE
S T C L A I R
U Probable . Upwelling
S 'Probable Sinking
LAKE HURON PROGRAM OFFICE
GREAT LAKES-ILLINOIS RIVER BASIN PROJECT
RESULTS OF S.V.
FOR NW
CURRENT MEASUREMENTS
QUADRANT WINDS
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, a WELFARE
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
REGION 'V GROSSE ILE, MICHIGAN
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FIGURE 4
MT Cljnton Rlirtr
CLEMENS
LAKE
S T C L A I R'
NOTE
No Measurements in the Eastern Port
of the Lake.
LAKE HURON PROGRAM OFFICE
GREAT LAKES-ILLINOIS RIVER BASIN PROJECT
RESULTS OF S.V. CURRENT MEASUREMENTS
FOR SW QUADRANT WINDS
\ . U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, & WELFARE
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
REGION V GROSSE ILE, MICHIGAN
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It discharges into the west side of Anchor Bay about two miles north of
Point Huron.
Pike Creek in Ontario has a drainage area of about 35 square miles.
It has an average flow of approximately 20 ' cfs. It empties into Lake
§t. Glair at Pike Creek, Ontario about 10 miles east of Windsor.
*
Riviere Aux Puces, Ontario has a drainage of approximately 23 square
miles. It has an average flow of approximately 13 cfs. It empties into
the lake near Puce, Ontario, about 13-1/2 miles east of Windsor.
*
The Belle River in Ontario has a drainage area of about 40 square
miles. It has an average flow of approximately 23 cfs. It discharges
i
into Lake St. Clair at Belle River, Ontario, about 17 miles east of Windsor.
it
The Ruscon River in Ontario has a drainage area of about 67 square
miles. It has an average flow of approximately 38 cfs, and discharges into
the lake about 5 miles east of Belle River, Ontario.
The Thames River in Ontario has a drainage area of about 2,200 square
(2)
miles. It has a flow of approximately 2,100 cfs. It discharges into
the extreme southeastern corner of Lake St. Clair.
*
The Sydenham River has a drainage area of approximately 1,140 square
miles. It has an average flow of about 1,000 cfs and discharges into
the Chenal Ecarte in Ontario.
Navigation
The chief importance of Lake St. Clair is that it forms a connecting
link between Lake Huron and Lake Erie. There is a navigation channel across
the lake from the end of the Cutoff Channel of the St. Clair River to the
*
Estimated
(1) Computed by ratio of drainage areas with North Branch Clinton River.
(2) Computed by ratio of drainage areas with Thames River near Thamesville.
(3) Computed by ratio of drainage areas with Sydenham River at Alvinston.
19
-------
head of the Detroit River. This Lake St. Glair Ship Channel is 27 feet
deep (based on a low water datum of 571.7 feet above Father Point, Quebec),
has a minimum width of 700 feet at its upper end, and a width of 800 feet
as it crosses the lake.
The St. Clair Flats Canal is a non-maintained channel between the outlet
of the South Channel of the St. Clair River and the Lake St. Clair Ship
Channel. It is 25 feet deep, 700 feet wide, and 7,200 feet long.
The Lake St. Clair dumping ground runs parallel to the lower end of
the Lake St. Clair Ship Channel, and is 900 feet southeast of it. It is 2-1/2
miles long and 1-1/4 miles wide. Because of the existence of shoals above a
depth of 8 feet, navigation in this area is considered unsafe.
The Grosse Fointe area of Michigan is located on the western shore of
Lake St. Clair, from the head of the Detroit River to about 10 miles north.
In this area there are a number of piers that extend into the lake for a
distance of from 600 to 1,800 feet. These piers are in water that is 6
to 10 feet deep.
The Milk River is a small river that empties into the lake under the
Jefferson Avenue bridge at Gaulker Point. Gates have been installed
downstream from the bridge to control the upstream water level during periods
of high lake level. The section of the river below the gates is developed
for the use of small boats.
i
Anchor Bay is the northwest arm of the lake. The North Channel of the!
St. Clair River flows into this bay. The maximum depth in Anchor Bay is
about 11 feet in the central area. The bay is separated from the rest of
the lake by a bank with a maximum depth of 8 to 9 feet.
New Baltimore and Fair Haven are villages on the north shore of Anchor
20
-------
Bay. New Baltimore has docks in six feet of water, whereas in the Fair
Haven area there are a series of dredged canals. Swan Creek empties into
the Fair Haven area of the bay.
Salt Creek empties into Anchor Bay about three miles southwest of New
Baltimore. A small boat harbor exists in the mouth of this stream, with
>
a controlled depth of three to four feet.
The Clinton River empties into the west side of Anchor Bay approximately
two miles north of Point Huron. A minimum depth of five feet exists in the
river from the mouth upstream for three miles.
Pike Creek is located on the south shore of the lake. It has an
entrance channel that is 40 feet wide and 5 feet deep.
Riviere Aux Puces is located on the south shore of the lake about 3-1/2
miles east of Pike Creek. There are parallel steel sheet pile training
walls approximately 80 feet apart at the mouth, and extending 200 feet into
the lake. These walls afford some protection for small boats. This entrance
channel has a depth of 5 feet.
The Belle River enters the lake at the Village of Belle River oh the
south shore of the lake about 17 miles east of Windsor. There is a
channel 60 feet wide and 6 feet deep extending into the lake for approxi-
mately 1,400 feet.
The Thames River empties into the southeast corner of Lake St. Glair.
From the river mouth there is a channel that extends 7,900 feet into the
lake. It is 100 feet wide and has a depth of 6 feet. There is a channel 7
feet deep in the river that is used to reach Chatham, 19-1/2 miles upstream
from the river mouth. From Chatham to Louisville, a distance of 7 miles,
there is a depth of 5 feet in the river.
Mitchell Bay is located in the northeast corner of the lake. There is
21
-------
a 1,500 foot channel, 50 feet wide and 4 feet deep, extending southwest
from Mitchell Bay into the lake. From this channel there is a 3 foot deep
dredged channel that leads to Chenal Ecarte.
Climate
The climate of the St. Glair River-Lake St. Clair Basin is subject to
considerable variation due to storms sweeping across the lake regions.
The Great Lakes, however, exert a stabilizing effect by cooling the air
masses in the summer and warming the winter air.
Records from the U.S. Weather Bureau indicate that extreme temperatures
are very infrequent occurrences. Temperatures of 100°F or more occur about
once in every four years, and sub-zero temperature occurs four days in the
average winter. The mean annual temperature of Detroit is 41.9 F, with
an average annual precipitation of 31.49 inches. Approximately 25 percent
of this total precipitation is runoff to streams. The prevailing winds
are from the southwest with an average velocity of 10 to 12 miles per
hour (mph).
22
-------
FIGURE 5
JOECKCRVILLE
LEOEND
EI7 FWPCA Sampling Stallont
SR39.0 FWPCA Sampling Rang«i
MICHIGAN TRIBUTARIES
TO
ST. CLAIR RIVER AND LAKE ST. CLAIR
-------
WATER USE
(U.S. Drainage Basin)
Municipal Water Supply
There are approximately 81,000 people served by public water in the
Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River Basin. The St. Clair River is the major
source of water for these people. Fort Huron supplies about one-half of
the public water demands in the basin.
The populations served in 1990 and 2020 are expected to be 150,000
and 250,000, respectively. Projected water use for these years is shown
in Table 2. Table 3 lists the public water supplies and their sources.
Industrial Water Use .
There are numerous industries in the basin that use water directly
from surface sources. The quantity of water used by them and their projected
use is shown in Table 2. The Projected figures include water for new
industries which are anticipated to develop in the future.
Water-related Recreation
The Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River Basin has numerous facilities for
recreational activities, such as the St. Clair Flats State Game Area, Port
Huron State Game Area, and Algonac State Park. Lake St. Clair is a popular
boating lake which offers good fishing and duck hunting for the sportsman.
This lake is protected by law from commercial fishing.
In 1965, residents of the area registered an estimated 7,000 boats of
various sizes. Recreational activities in the basin include swimming,
boating, fishing, skiing, camping, hunting, and picnicking.
24
-------
**
TABLE 2. PROJECTED WATER USE (MGD)
1965 1990 ' 2020
Municipal* 17 31 45
Industrial 2A A! _5£
. ' i
Total v . ' 41 74 103
*
Includes water for small industries.
**
Tributaries shown on Figure 6.
25
-------
FIGURE 6
LOCATION MAP
ICALC IN MILES
SAHtLAC CO,
~LA (.-elmfo.-]:
'lift CO. I ST. CLAIfl CO.: '
MACOHB CO. ". ~
MICHIGAN TRIBUTARIES
TO
ST. CLAIR RIVER
-------
TABLE 3 . MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLIES
Lake St. Clair-Clair River Basin
Town
Marine City
Memphis
Dryden
Imlay City
Capac
Algonac
New Baltimore
New Haven
Richmond
Chesterfield Twp.
Fairhaven
1960
Pop.
4,404
800
476
1,654"
1,235
3,190
2,043
1,200
2,025
1,000
2,000
Owner
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
T
T
**
Colony Assoc. 1,500
Old Club - 250
Harsens Island
Deckerville 798
Sandusky 2,066
Cassonville 502
M
M
M
Source Treatment
St. Ciair River 200'-14" in- 1
take in 38' of water
Wells in drift 78' to 87' deep
Wells in drift 96' deep
Wells in drift 44' deep 5
Wells in drift 160' deep
St. Clair River 125'-16" intake .1 & 6
in 39';water
Lake St. Clair 1700' of 12" in- 1
take 7' deep & 1750' of 20" in-
take 7" deep
Wells.;in drift 25' & 44' deep
Wells in drift 125' to 251' deep
Water from New Baltimore
Anchor Bay 1275'-12" intake 1
in 14' water ,
Anchor Bay 20'.-10" intake in 5
12' of water
**
St. Clair River 30'-3" intake
in 15' of water
Wells in drift 21' deep
Wells in rock 140' to 190' deep
Wells in rock' 150' deep
5
5
*Taken from "Data on Public Water Supplies in Michigan," Engineering Bulletin
. No. 4 by the Michigan Department of Public Health.
**See Owner and Treatment Code, page 29. .
2*7
-------
TABLE 3 . MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLIES* (cont.)
Lake St. Clair-Clair River Basin
Town
Cx OB we 11
Peck
Brown City
Yale
1960
Pop.
1.817
548
993
1,621
Owner
M
M
M
M
**
Port Huron
Marysville
St. Glair
Sparlingvilie
Nelson Sub
Sparlingville
Witzke Sub
36,084
M
4,065 M
4,538 M
350
350
Source Treatment
Wells in drift 82* to 96* deep 4
Wells in rock 170* deep & in -
drift 70' deep
Wells in rock 330' deep
Wells in drift 56' to 181' 6
deep
St.Clair River 100'-36" intake 1
in 40' of water
St.Clair River 550'-24" intake 1 & 6
in 28' water
St.Clair River 1000'-16" intake 1 & 6
in 30' water
Wells in drift
Wells in drift
**
*Taken from "Data on Public Water Supplies in Michigan," Engineering Bulletin
No. 4 by the Michigan Department of Public Health.
**See Owner and Treatment Code, page 29.
28
-------
OWNER AND TREATMENT CODES
Owner Code;
M - City or Village
T = Township
P » Private
D = District
C = County
S « State
U.S. - Federal
Treatment Code;
1. Std. Filtration*
-Jriftf
2. Lime softening
3. Zeolite softening
4. Iron Removal
5. Chlorination
6. Fluoridation
* Implies at least chlorination, chemical coagulation,
and rapid sand filtration.
**Lime softening includes filtration.
29
-------
SOURCES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTES
Municipal
This report will include only the American sources of wastes. The
basin covers the land section that drains into the lake and river that are
shown on Figure 6.
There are 16 sources of municipal wastes in the basin which have a
combined 1965 flow of approximately 16 million gallons per day (MGD). The
population served by these plants is about 70,000, and this figure has
been projected to be 250,000 by the year 2020. Municipal waste flow at
that time is estimated to be 40 MGD.
Waste constituents that are discharged by municipal waste treatment
plant's in the basin are listed in Table 4.
Figure 7 shows the location of cities and towns of the basin.
Municipal waste discharges were chlorinated at least from May 15 to
September 15 as was required by the Michigan Department of Public Health.
A Health Department order, effective January 1967, requires municipalities
to chlorinate throughout the year. The information in this section is
based on the 1965 operating records of the individual plants furnished the
Michigan Department of Public Health.
Marine City Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This primary plant serves about 4,800 people. The 1965 average flow
of 0.65 MGD had approximately 50 percent of the BOD^ removed by the plant.
Effluent BODc averaged 47 milligrams per liter (mg/1) with variations
between 34 and 68 mg/1. The effluent is chlorinated continuously throughout
the year.
30
-------
FIOUR E 7
LAKE HURON PROGRAM OFFICE
MICHIGAN TRIBUTARIES
TO
ST. CLAIR RIVER
-------
Marysville Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
Approximately 4000 people are served by this primary plant. About
50% of the BOD, was removed from the 1965 average flow of 1.14 MGD.
values in the effluent varied during^ the year from 19 to 67 mg/1
with an average of 44 mg/1. ' The effluent is chlorinated continuously
throughout the year.
New Baltimore Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This trickling filter plant serves about 3200 people which contri-
buted an average 1965 flow of 0.20 MGD. Effluent BOD5 values range from
15 to 62 mg/1 with an average value of 31 mg/1. BOD5 removal was approx-
imately 89%. The effluent is chlorinated the year-round.
New Haven Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
About 1200 people are served by this trickling filter plant which
had an average flow in 1965 of 0.14 MGD. Effluent BODc; values varied
from 13 to 39 mg/1 with an average of 28 mg/1. The effluent was
chlorinated from May 15 to September 15 in 1965. A recent new Health
Department order will require chlorination throughout the year.
Port Huron Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This primary plant is the largest plant in the basin serving about
38,000 people by treating an average flow of 11.7 MGD. The effluent
BOD5 of this plant averaged 49 mg/1 in 1965 with very little variation.
The effluent is chlorinated continuously throughout the year. BOD5
removal for 1965 was around 45%.
32
-------
Richmond Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This trickling filter plant serves about 3000 people which in 1965
contributed an average flow of 0.35 MGD. Effluent BOD5 values varied
from 16 to 35 mg/1 during thiar period, with an average of 23 mg/1. BOD5
removal was approximately 87%. The effluent was chlorinated from at
least May 15 to September 15 in 1965. A recent Health Department order
will require chlorination throughout the year.
St. Clair Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This primary plant serves about 5000 people which in 1965 contri-
buted an average flow of 0.48 MGD. BOD^ values varied from 20 to 75 mg/1
during this period, with an average of 23 mg/1. BOD^ removal was approx-
imately 74% which is high for a primary plant. The effluent is chlorin-
ated continuously throughout the year. .
East China Township Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This primary plant had an average flow in 1965 of 0.07 MGD from a
population served of approximately 1100. Effluent BOD5 values varied
from 37 to 93 mg/1 with an average of 68 mg/1. BODj removal is about
45%. The effluent is chlorinated throughout the year.
Croswell Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
About 1000 people are served by this trickling filter plant which
had an average flow in 1965 of 0.34 MGD. Effluent BOD5 values during
this period varied from 12 to 46 mg/1 with an average. value of 25 mg/1.
BOD5 removal is estimated to be about 85%. The effluent was chlorinated
33
-------
from Hay 15 to September 15, in 1965. A recent Health Department order
will require chlorination throughout the year.
Imlay City Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This trickling filter plant serves about 2000 people which contri-
buted a wastewater flow in 1965 of 0.14 MGD. Effluent KGD$ values during
the year varied from 21 to 112 mg/1, with an average of 52 mg/1. The BOD5
removal is estimated to be about 85%. The effluent was chlorinated from
May 15 to September 15 in 1965. A recent Health Department order will
require chlorination throughout the year.
Sandusky Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This trickling filter plant serves about 2000 people which contri-
buted a wastewater flow in 1965 of 0.37 MGD. Effluent BOD5 values during
1965 varied from 23 to 37 mg/1, with an average of 30 mg/1. BOD5 removal
is estimated to be 85%. The effluent was chlorinated at least from May 15
to September 15 in 1965. A Health Department order will require that the
effluent be chlorinated throughout the year.
Memphis Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
This town has a waste stabilization lagoon for treating the wastes
of about 1000 people. The waste flow is estimated to be approximately
0.03 MGD. The effluent is controlled and is usually discharged late fall
and early spring.
34
-------
Yale Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
The 1600 people served by this waste stabilization lagoon contri-
buted an estimated flow in 1965 of 0.24 MGD. The effluent is controlled
'and is usually discharged in late fall and early spring.
Algonac - 1965
This town has about 500 people served by sewers, but the town has
no treatment facilities. They have plans for a treatment, plant which
will probably be under construction by spring 1967.
Brown City Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
A waste stabilization lagoon serves about 1000 people which contri-
butes an estimated flow of 0.2 MGD. The effluent is controlled and is
usually discharged in late fall and early spring.
Capac Sewage Treatment Plant - 1965
The 1200 people served by this waste stabilization lagoon contri-
buted an estimated flow in 1965 of 0.1 MGD. The effluent is controlled
and is usually discharged in late fall and early spring.
Industrial
The Lake St. Glair and St. Glair River Basin streams receive the
direct discharge of approximately 24 MGD of industrial waste from 12
American industries. Canadian industrial wastes are not included in
this report. Waste constituents include concentrated salt brine, toxic
metals, soluble oil, fiber/SOD^Y And cooling water.
35
-------
Wastewater treatment is rated by the Michigan Water Resources
Commission. The rating used in this report is by the Michigan Water
Resources Commission as listed in their April 1, 1966 ratings.
Four industries in the basin discharge wastes to the Black River
and one to the Elk River, a tributary to the Black River. The St. Clair
River has 5 industries along its length. The 2 remaining plants are
located on the Belle River.
Table 5 lists some of the chemical characteristics of the wastes.
The municipalities in which the industries are located are shown in
Figure 7.
Diamond Crystal Salt Company
Diamond Crystal Salt Company is located in St. Clair and discharges
7.2 MGD of cooling water to the St. Clair River. Every two weeks, approx-
imately 25,000 gallons of concentrated brine is discharged to the St.
Clair River. No treatment is provided and Control is rated as adequate.
Sanitary wastes are treated by the City of St. Clair.
Dunn Paper Company
Dunn Paper Company, located in Port Huron, discharges wastes from
paper making operations through a submerged outfall in the St. Clair
River. No flow or waste data are available. Control is provided by
save-alls and is rated as adequate. Sanitary wastes are treated by the
City of Port Huron.
36
-------
Marysville Plating Company
Marysville Plating Company is located in Marysville and discharges
0.006 MGD from plating operations to the St. Clair River. Treatment
consists of the removal of toxic metals by use of a still and is rated
as adequate. Sanitary wastes are treated by the Marysville sewage
treatment plant.
Midwest Machine Company of Indiana, Inc.
Midwest Machine Company of Indiana, Inc., located in Marysville,
discharges wastewater from the manufacture of equipment to Bunce Creek,
a tributary of the St. Clair River. Control is rated as adequate.
Treatment is provided by the Marysville municipal sewage treatment
plant for sanitary wastes.
Morton Salt Company
i
Morton Salt Company, located in Marysville, discharges 8 MGD of
cooling water to the St.Clair River. Every two weeks approximately
25,000 gallons of concentrated brine is discharged to the St. Clair
River. No treatment is provided and control is rated as adequate.
Sanitary wastes are treated by the Marysville sewage treatment plant.
Croswell Pickle Company - Division of Borden Company
Croswell Pickle Company - Division of Borden Company is located
in Croswell and discharges its wastewater to the Black River. Treat-
ment consists of a holding pond with controlled discharge. Waste con-
trol is.rated as adequate.
37
-------
Michigan Milk Producers Association
Michigan Milk Producers Association is located in Peck'and dis-
charges to the Elk River, a tributary, of the Black River. This is a
milk-receiving station, and the waste consists of milk can equipment
washings. The flow is estimated at 0.01 MGD which contain less than
100 pounds of BODij per day. Control is rated as "C" which means
"no control - need.not established."
Michigan Sugar Company
Michigan Sugar Company is located in Croswell. A wastewater flow
of 1.44 MGD containing BOD5 is treated in a lagoon and discharged to
the Black River. Treatment is rated as adequate.
Port Huron Paper Company
Port Huron Paper Company, located in Port Huron, discharges 7.1 MGD
of wastes containing BOD^, fiber, and color to the Black River. Treat-
ment facilities consist of save-alls. Adequacy of this control has not
been established.
Stokely-Van Camp, Inc.
Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. is located in Croswell. This company uses
spray irrigation to dispose of its BODij containing wastewater. A lagoon
is available in case of a pump failure. Treatment and control is rated
as adequate.
38
-------
Michigan Milk Producers Association.
Michigan Milk Producers Association is located in Imlay City.
They use field irrigation through a ridge and furrow arrangement for
treating their waatewater of 0.1 MOD. Approximately 1500 pounds of BO&5
are applied to the field. They have a secondary treatment plant (trick-
ling filter) not in use at the present time. Control adequacy has not
been established.
Vlasic Foods Products
Vlasic Food Products is located in Imlay City. Wastes containing
BOD5 and chlorides are lagooned during periods of low-river flow. Lagoon
discharge is determined by stream flow. Adequacy of the control and treat-
ment has not been established.
39
-------
TABLE 4. MUNICIPAL WASTES CHARACTERISTICS
Lake St. Glair-St. Clair River Basin
Plant Name
Marine City
Marysville
New Baltimore
New Haven
Port Huron
Richmond
St. Clair
E. China Twp.
Cro swell
Imlay City
Sand u sky
Memphis
Yale
Algonac
Brown City
Capac
Flow
MGD
0.65
1.14
0.20
0.14
11.70
0.35
0.48
0.07
0.34
0.14
0.37
0.03
0.24
5- Day
BOD
mR/1
' 47
44
31
28
49 -
23
42
68
25
52
30
-
*
Temp.
. °F
58
53
55
62
58
55
- -
57
63
59
56
'-
-.
Susp.
Solids
mg/1
'47
46
38
23
50
19
53
45
28
40
27
-
-
Susp. Vol.
Solids
'41
22
28
17
25
16
30
29
16
28
20
- '
-
PH
7.6
7.4
7.2
7.8
7.6
7.3
-
7.5
7.3
7.0
7.6
-
-
No information
0.20
6.1
.
.
- -
_
-
m
'
.
-
_
40
-------
TABLE 5. LAKE ST. CIAIR-ST. CLAIR RIVER BASIN INDUSTRIAL WASTES CHARACTERISTICS
Industry
Diamond Crystal Salt Co.
v'v.
Dunn Paper Co.
Marysvllle Plating Co.
Midwest Machine Co. of
Indiana, Inc.
Morton Salt Co.
"-1 Croswell Pickle Co.
Div. . of Borden Co.
Michigan Milk Prod. Assn.
Michigan Sugar Co.
Port Huron Paper Co.
Stokely- Van Camp , Inc .
Mich. Milk Prod. Assn.
Vlasic Food Products Co.
Location
St. Clair
Port Huron
Marysville
Port Huron
Marysville
Croswell
Peck
Croswell
Port Huron
Croswell
Imlay City
Imlay City
Receiving
Stream
St. Clair R.
St. Clair R.
St. Clair R.
Bunce Creek
St. Clair R.
Black R.
Elk R.
Black R.
Black R.
Black R.
Belle R.
Belle R.
Waste
Constituents
CaS04, NaCl, CaCl2
Fiber
Toxic Metals
Soluble oil, cooling
CaS04, NaCl, CaCl2
BOD, Chlorides
BOD
BOD
Fiber, color
BOD
BOD
BOD, Chlorides
Waste
Flow
(MGD)
7.2
-
0.006
\
0.009
8
0.2
-
1.44
7.1
0.1
0.06
Treatment
Provided
None
Save- alls
Bisulfite
red of Cr6
still
None
None
Holding
Pond
None
Lagoon
Save- alls
Spray irri-
gation &
lagoon
Field irri-
gation
Holding
Pond
MWRC Rating*
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
A
B
A
B
-B
* A - Adequate Control, B - Control provided - adequacy not established, C - No control - need not established.
-------
TABLE 5 . LAKE ST. CLAIR-ST. CLAIR RIVER BASIN INDUSTRIAL WASTE CHARACTERISTICS (cont.)
-P-
NJ
BOD
Industry #/day
Susp. Solids Oil
if/day (gals) Concentrated Brine
Michigan Milk Producers Assn. 100
Peck
Michigan Sugar Co. 6000
Port Huron Paper Co. 1200
4000
Michigan Milk Producers Assn. 1500
Imlay City
Diamond Crystal Salt Co.
Morton Salt Co.
Intermittent brine
discharge
Intermittent brine
discharge
Midwest Machine Co. of Indiana
-------
POPULATION AND WASTE LOAD PROJECTIONS
Demographic studies were conducted by the Great Lakes-Illinois River
Basins Project, Chicago, for the southeastern Michigan portion of the Lake
Erie Basin, of which the Lake St. Glair-St. Clair River Basin is a part.
Population trends, on a national, regional, and county basis vere analyzed,
and population projections were developed for the various parts of the basin.
The population centers in the Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River Basin are
Port Huron (36,084), Marysville (4065), St. Clair (4538), Algonac (3190),
and Marine City (4404), according to the 1960 census figures. For this
report, each area was analyzed, assuming that by 2020, the area will be
urbanized and served by water and sewer systems. Then the individual areas
were added to yield the total population served. For the basin, the 1965
population served by sewerage systems was estimated,to be 70,600 and projected
to be 150,000 by 1990 and 250,000 by the year 2020. These numbers should not
be construed to be total population of the basin.
Table 6 shows the estimated waste flow in MGD for the Lake St. Clair-
St. Clair River Basin.
BOD^ projections were based on present day inventory information obtained
from the Michigan Water Resources Commission, the Michigan Department of Public
Health, and the U.S. Public Health Service. Municipal and industrial water
use growth rates and 6005 production in terms of population equivalents were
-"^termined from studies on the Lake Michigan Basin and applied to the inven-
tory data obtained for the Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River Basin.
43
-------
The results of these projections are shown on Table 7 . For example,
in 1965, a total of 46,400 pounds per day of BOI>5 were produced in the area,
of which 71% were removed by treatment, leaving 13,500 pounds of BOD5 being
discharged to the river. By the year 2020, with the same degree of treat-
ment, 41,700 pounds would reach the river. In order to show an improvement
over present water quality, 90% or more removal will be.necessary at that
time. .
/" i
TABLE 6. WASTE FLOW PROJECTIONS (MGD)
1965 1990 2020
Municipal
Residential 13 23 33
Industrial _3 _5 __7
Total Municipal 16 28 40
Industrial (direct to river) 24 43 58
i
Total to river 40 71 98
44
-------
TABLE 7. BODs PROJECTIONS (#/day)
1965 1990 2020
Municipal
Residential 12,000 27,000 .50,000
Industrial- 2,400 4,300 5,800
Total Municipal 14,400 31,300 55,800
With present 57% removal 6,200 13,500 24,000
With 90% removal 1,440 3,130 5,580
With 95% removal 720 1,570 2,790
Industrial (direct to river) 32,000 , 57,500 77,000
With present 77% removal 7,300 13,200 17,700
- With 90% removal 3,200 5,750 7,700
With 95% removal 1,600 2,880 3,850
Total in Basin 46,400 88,800 132,800
Total to the River
With present removal 13,500 26,700 41,700
With 90% removal 4,640 8,880 13,280
With 95% removal 2,320 4,440 6,640
45
-------
COMMERCIAL SHIPPING
Lake St. Clair and the St. Claix River, along with the Detroit River,
form the connecting link between Lakes Huron and Erie. All ship traffic
between Lake Erie and Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior, must travel
through this link;
Table 8 lists a breakdown of the waterbome commerce passing through
the area. All of the following information is taken from the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers' publication entitled, "Waterborne Commerce of the
United States, Calendar Year 1964." This data, therefore, includes barge,
ferry, and tugboat traffic during the navigation season, from March 26 to
December 17.
During 1964, a total of 103,489,580 short tons of imports and exports
were handled by commercial shipping.on the Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River
link.
Dredging Operations
Dredging operations in the St. Clair River-Lake St. Clair Basin are
under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Maintenance
dredging is undertaken at the mouth of the Black River and in the St. Clair
Cutoff Channel. The Lake St. Clair Channel is dredged intermittently as
required. Over 200,000 -cubic yards of sand and gravel are dredged from the
channels in the St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair annually.
Much of the dredging is done by the Corps itself. When dredging is
done by private concerns,, a permit from the Department of the Army is re-
quired and an inspector appointed by the District Engineer is present at
all times to insure that only authorized dumping grounds are utilized.
46
-------
TABLE 8. WATERBORNE COMMERCE ON THE LAKE ST. CLAIR-ST. CLAIR RIVER LINK
Comparative Statement of Traffic
Year
1QC7 .--_
1 Q SQ
i Q f\C\ «
196
IQfiA _
Traffic
Ton's
4,518,493
4,507,741
4,449,801
3,405,764
4,087,365
4,185,987
4,632,928
5,182,669
5,911,903
5,891,378
of Ports
Passengers
1,109
19,460
217,495
227,928
192,368
233,435
233,134
205,996
196,293
205,366
Through
Ton's
114,802,424 '
105,889,435
111,261,978
73,988,621
74,745,996
92,988,622
79,782,557
82,021,145
87,008,814
97,553,381
Traffic
Passengers
26,279
23,347
22,413
21,008
20,016
17,715
18,568
15,225
13,368
15,421
Total
Tons
119^320,917
110,397,176
115,711,779
77,436,861
78,859,216
97,192,281
84,568,403
87,237,089
92,957,697
JL/ 103,489,580
Passengers
. 27,388
42,807
239,908
248,936
212,384
251,150
251,702
221,221
209,661
220,787
JL/ Includes sand dredged and clays and earths dumped in American bottoms.
* Canadian, Import or Export passengers confined to the river included only once in total.
-------
TABLE 8. WATERBORNE COMMERCE ON THE LAKE ST. CLAIR-ST. CLAIR RIVER LINK
(cont.)
Comparative Statement of Traffic
Total Passages 1964 Passenger Traffic
Upbound - 25,947 . Upbound - 111,945
Downbound - 24,979 Downbound - 108,842
Tonnage Breakdown (American and Canadian) 1964
Overseas Imports 948,145 -
Overseas Exports. - 4,476,981
Canadian Imports 6,937,250
Canadian Exports 11,866,007
Lakewise -
Coastwise
Internal -
Local -
Total 103,489,580
Explanation of Terminology
Overseas Exports and Imports refers to tonnage shipped to and from the
Lake St. Glair-St. Clair River by the United States and Canada.
Canadian Exports and Imports refers to the shipping trade of Canada.
Lakewise Shipping refers to traffic between U.S. and Canadian ports oa
the Great Lakes system.
Internal Shipping refers to traffic involving carriage in both inland
waterways and the waters of the Great Lakes system.
48
-------
WATER QUALITY
St. Clair, Black, Pine, and Belle Rivers
The Detroit Program Office sampled the St. Clair River from July 1964
to December 1964, and this data will be treated in tables as well as
narrative.
The Michigan Water Resources Commission data for 1964 are presented
in table form only, and the 1966 International Joint Commission (IJC) data
are also herein tabled. The Detroit Program Office and the Michigan Water
Resources Commission 1964 data were compared to the 1966 IJC data to show
any water quality changes.
Sampling ranges and stations for the St. Clair, Black, Pine, and
Belle Rivers are shown in Table 9 and Figure 8.
Chemistry
The following water quality measurements were made on the St. Clair
River during 1964: water temperature, pH, phenol, chloride, and alkalinity
(CaCOo). Tables 10 and 11 show the average, maximum, and minimum values
recorded from these measurements.
Temperature average values for the sampling season ranged from 16.9 C
to 18.3 C. Minimum and maximum values for all stations ranged from 9.0 C
to 23 C. Temperatures varied only slightly on any given day of sampling
and did not exceed 1.5 C. Tributary temperatures generally compared with
the St. Clair River, with occasional slight increases.
pH values at all river and tributary stations ranged from 7.4 to 8.5.
Chloride values ranged from 4 to 23 mg/1 on the St. Clair River, with 23
ing/1 measured on Range SR 17.5 close to the Canadian shore. Chloride values
on the tributaries showed a much higher concentration with average values
49
-------
FIGURE 6
LOCATION OF SAMPLING RANGES
ST. CLAIR RIVER
-------
at the Black, Pine, and Belle Rivers of 26, 43, and 75 mg/1, respectively.
Phenol average values for all stations ranged from 1 to 6 ug/1, with
slightly higher average values near the Canadian shore. The tributaries'
average values ranged from 0.8 to 2 ug/1.
Average alkalinity values, as CaCO.,, ranged from 75 to 79 mg/1.
Average values for the Black, Pine, and Belle Rivers are 104, 81, and 134
mg/1, respectively.
The 1964 data show that the waters of the St. Glair River are generally
excellent quality waters. Pollution loads from the tributary streams,
municipal, and industrial wastes are being absorbed at present without
drastically degrading the river.
Microbiology
Tables 12 and 13 show the total coliform density values for 1964 for
the St. Glair River and tributaries.
Median total coliform densities at SR Bk 36.5, SR Pn 25.2, and SR Be 17.5
were 1,400, 1,800, and 29,000 organisms/100 ml of sample, respectively.
Maximum and minimum coliform densities at these three points ranged
from 130,000 to 200 organisms/100 ml of sample. The heaviest densities
were encountered at Station SR Be 17.5 near the mouth of the Belle River.
Median coliform values at the 34 offshore points along the length of the
St. Glair River ranged from 2,600 to 2 organisms/100 ml of sample. Fifteen
of the offshore points had median values of less than 100 organisms/100 ml.
Bacteriologically, the St. Glair River shows excellent quality water.
The waters of the Black and Pine Rivers are marginal waters, and the coliform
densities of the Belle River indicate a grossly polluted water.
The 1964 values for chemical parameters analyzed by the Michigan Water
51
-------
Resources Commission are shown in Table 14. These three sampling stations
are water quality monitoring points on the Black, Pine, and Belle Rivers,
and were sampled from 16 to 21 times for the year.
The Michigan Water Resources Commission bacteriology data for 1964
at the water quality monitoring stations are shown in Table 15.
The data from the UC 1966 sampling season are shown in Tables 16
and 17. Ranges SR 39.0 and SR 13.7 are the only ranges sampled routinely.
Chemical parameters show no significant changes since 1964. Microbiological
medians at these two ranges show" the St. Clair River to remain bacteriolo-
gically excellent quality water.
52
-------
TABLE 9. LOCATION OF RANGES - ST. GLAIR RIVER
Range
SR 39.0
SR 35.4
SR 31.2
SR 26.7
SR 17.5
SR 13.7
SR 10. ON
SR 10. OS
SR Bk 36.5
MHRC 7B-PH
SR Pn 25.2
MWRC 6P-STC
SR Be 17.5
MHRC 5- Bel
Location No.
Head waters of St. Clair River
St. Clair River 1.1 miles below
Black River
St. Clair River near Marysville,
Michigan
, St. Clair River at Moore, Ontario,
Canada
St. Clair River 0.5 miles above
Belle River
St. Clair River 3 miles below
Belle River
North Channel St. Clair River
at Russell Island
South Channel St. Clair River
at Russell Island
Tributaries
Mouth of Black River
0.08 miles from mouth of Black River
Pine River at Highway M-29 Bridge
0.05 miles from mouth of Pine River
Belle River at Highway M-29 bridge
0.5 miles from mouth of Belle River
of Stations
3
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
53
-------
Lake St. Clair
Lake St. Clair was sampled by the Detroit Program Office during two
periods in 1964. The first sampling period was from July 20 to November 19
and was conducted at 24 stations designated "P" stations. The second
sampling period was from September 1 to September 17 at 18 stations
designated as "E" stations.
"P" stations were sampling points located close to the shore, and in
a few cases, located on the main shipping channel crossing the lake. "E"
stations were located in a rectangular grid pattern over the entire lake.
Figure 9 shows the location of these stations. This report deals with
surface water samples.
Chemical
Of the water quality measurements made during 1964, the following are
$
presented in this section: water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), 5-day
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD,.), nitrogen (ammonia, organic, nitrate, and
nitrite), total phosphates, total solids, chlorides,.phenols, sodium,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, and total alkalinity (CaCO.).
Table 18 lists the average, maximum, and minimum results of the above
parameters at the "P" stations sampled during the period of July 20 to
November 19, 1964. .
Average water temperatures at "P" stations ranged from 19.8°C to 15.6°C.
Maximum values ranged from 27.0°C on July 21 at P17 to 22.0°C at P25 on
July 20.
DO ranged from 10.1 mg/1 at site P24 near the mouth of the lake
(107% saturated), to 6.7 mg/1 (707. saturated) at P22 near the mouth of the
Milk River.
54
-------
FIGURE 9
LOCATION OF SAMPLING STATIONS
LAKE ST. CLAIR
-------
BOD,- values were highest along the American shore where they ranged
from 7 mg/1 at P17 to 1 mg/1 at points along the International Boundary,
and at several points near shore - P10, P16, and P24. Values in the
Canadian waters ranged from 4 mg/1 to 2 mg/1.
Ammonia, as nitrogen, ranged from 0.69 mg/1 at P17 to 0.07 mg/1 at P4;
and nitrates, as nitrogen, ranged from 0.78 mg/1 at P22 to 0.08 mg/1 at P5
and P2.
Total phosphate values ranged from 1.50 mg/1 to less than 0.01 mg/1.
Highest values occurred on the American side of the lake where concentrations
ranged from 1.50 mg/1 at P18 to less than 0.01 mg/1 at P28 near the main
freight channel. Of seven "P" stations located on the Canadian side of
Lake St. Clair, four stations had phosphate levels greater than 0.01 mg/1.
Chloride concentrations ranged from 30 mg/1 to 6 mg/1.
Samples from 22 stations were examined for total solids concentrations.
Values for these stations ranged from 204 mg/1 at point P2 to 122 mg/1 at
P16 and P9.
Phenol concentrations were measured at 18 of the "P" stations. Average
values ranged from 3 ug/1 to 1 ug/1, whereas maximum values ranged -from 12
ug/1 at the lower end of the main shipping channel to 2 ug/1 at 2 locations
in L'Anse Creuse Bay.
Total alkalinity ranged from 118 mg/1 to 68 mg/1. Average values
ranged from 95 mg/1 to 72 mg/1. :
Table 19 lists the average, maximum, and minimum levels of water
temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrogens (ammonia, organic, nitrate, and
nitrite), total phosphate, solids, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calcium,
magnesium, and sulfate for the .period of September. 1 to September 17, 1964
56
-------
at 18 "E" sampling points at the surface.
Water temperatures ranged from 24.0 C at point E17 on July 20 in the
morning to 16.0°C on the morning of September 17 at Ell. Average values
ranged from 24.0°C to 17.5°C.
The DO values ranged from 9.6 mg/1 (106% saturated) at E16 in the
vicinity of the Clinton River to 8.3 mg/1 (82% saturated) at point E15,
also near the mouth of the river. Average values ranged from 9.5 mg/1 (106%
saturated) at E10 to 8.3 mg/1 (94% saturated) at Station E15.
Ammonia nitrogen values based on one sample from each of five stations
ranged from 0.32 mg/1 at E16 to 0.08 mg/1 at E6. Nitrate nitrogen values
at the same five stations ranged from 1.80 mg/1 at E16 to 0.10 mg/1 at E2,
while nitrite nitrogen values ranged from 0.014 to ;0.013 mg/1.
Phosphate levels at "E" stations tested were lower than those
observed at the inshore "P" stations. Values ranged from 0.10 mg/1 at El
to less than 0.01 mg/1 at points E6 and E16. ;
Total solids concentrations at "E" stations were somewhat lower than
"P" stations, and ranged from 180 mg/1 at E2 to 120 mg/1 at Ell and E13.
In general, chloride concentrations which ranged from 16 mg/1 to 7 mg/1
at "E" stations were lower than those reported at "P" sampling points.
Phenols were also lower at "E" stations, and ranged from 5 ug/1 at E6
to 3 ug/1 at El, E2, E7, and E16.
Values for the remaining parameters measured were all somewhat lower
than at the "P" stations.
In general, the water quality of Lake St. Glair is good, with the
exception of where the tributaries enter the lake.. .
57
-------
Microbiology
The results of the 1964 sampling of Lake St. Glair at the "P" and "E"
stations are shown in Tables 20 and 21, respectively.
During the period of July 20 to November 19, 1964 a total of 24 "P"
stations were sampled from 1 to 7 times. Total coliform densities ranged
from 250,000 organisms/100 ml at P22 on the American side of the lake to
less than 1 organism/100 ml on the Canadian side. The median total coliform
values at "P" sampling points ranged from 83,000 organisms/100 ml to 5
organisms/100 ml. Densities were heaviest along the American shore,
particularly at P22 and P17. At these two points, median values ranged
from 83,000 to 2,500 organisms/100 ml, and maximum values ranged from 250,000
to 2,800 organisms/100 ml, respectively. i
No fecal coliform determinations were carred out on samples from
Canadian lake waters. Fecal coliform densities at.six "P" stations in
American waters ranged from 290 organisms/100 ml to 4 organisms/100 ml.
Fecal streptococci values based on 24 "P" stations ranged from 650
organisms/100 ml at P18 to less than 1 organisms/100 ml at 9 "P" stations.
Total coliform and fecal streptococci densities at "E" stations were
low. No fecal coliform determinations were conducted on samples from "E"
stations. The total coliform densities of samples from 18 "E" stations
ranged from 230 to less than 5 organisms/100 ml. Fourteen of the 18 stations
had densities of 100 or less organisms/100 ml. ,
: I
Fecal streptococci densities were low at all "Ey stations. Only one
station had a value greater than 100 organisms/100 ml, and this was station
- E2, which had a maximum value of 130 organisms/100 ml.
The bacteriological quality of Lake St. Clair water is good, except
along the American shoreline where the Clinton and Milk Rivers deposit
coliform loads to the lake.
58
-------
TABLE 10. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 39.0
Parameter
Temp. °C
pH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaC03)
ug/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min.
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Feet from West Shore
100
17.6
23.0
10.0
5
8.0
'8.1
7.8
5
1
3
0
4
6
7
5
.4
78
82
76
A
800
17.6
21.5
10.0
7
8.0
8.2
7.6
7
'?
4
19
0
5
6
9
4
6
78
86
72
6
1500
17.1
22.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.8
5
1
3
0
4
6
6
5
4
76
77
74
4
Ui
VO
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 10. VATER QUALITY - ST. GLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 35.4
Parameter
Temp. °C
PH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaCOa)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Mln
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Mln
NS
Avg
Max
Mln
NS
100
17.8
22.0
10.0
6
8.1
8.3
7.9
6
1
3
0
5
6
7
5
6
77
79
74
6
Feet
500
17.3
22.0
10.0
5
8.0
8.2
7.8
5
1
3
0
5
6
7
5
5
76
79
74
5
from West
800
17.5
21.5
10.0
6
8.1
8.3
7.8
6
2
6
0
5
6
7
5
6
76
79
72
6
Shore
1000
17.0
21.5
10.0
5
8.0
8.3
7.8
5
1
4
0
4
6
7
5
5
76
78
72
5
1400
17.6
21.5
10.0
6
8.0
8.3
7.8
6
4
8
0
5
6
7
5
6
76
78
74
b
CT>
O
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 10. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 31.2
Parameter
Temp . °C
PH
Phenols
' ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
AlTcalinity
(CaCOa)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
, NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
100
18.3
21.5
10.0
b
8.1
8.3
7.9
6
1
2
0
5
7
9
6
6
77
79
74
6
Feet
700
17.4
20.5
10.0
6
8.1
8.4
7.6
6
1
3
0
5
6
8
5
6
75
79
67
6
from West
1000
16.7
20.5
10.0
5
8.0
8.3
7.8
5
2
6
0
5
6
7
5 "
5
76
78
74
5
Shore
1400
16.8
20.5
10.0
5
8.0
. 8.3
7.6
5
1
3
0
5
3
7
5
4
75 -
77
72
5
1900
17.8
21.5
10.0
6
8.1
8.5
7.6
6
3
4
0
5
24
33
10
6
78
81
72
6
Note: NS .= number of samples.
-------
TABLE Id WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 26.7
Parameters
Temp.°C
pH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaC03)
mg/l
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
100
17.8
22.0
10.0
6
8.0
8.2
7.9
6
2
4
0
5
7
8
6
6
77
80
74
5
Feet
800
17.8
21.5
10.0
6
8.1
8.3
7.7
6
2
4
0
5
6
7
5
6
76
79
72
6
from West
1200
17.0
20.5
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.8
5
3
9
0 '
5
7
10
6
5
76
78
74
5
Shore
1600
16.9
20.5
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.9
5
1
3
0
5
6
7
5
5
76
78
74
5
1900
17.3
20.0
10.0
6
8.1
8.4
7.9
6
1
4
0
5
11
21
6
6
77
80
74
6
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 10. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 17.5
Parameters
Temp.°C
V
pH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
XCaC03)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
100
18.2
22.0
10.0
6
8.1
8.3
8.0
6
2
3
0
5
8
9
7
6
78
81
76
5
Feet
1200
17.1
21.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
8.0
5
2
3
0
5
7
8
5
5
78
81
76
5
from West
1700
17.5
21.0
10.0
6
8.2
8.4
8.0
6
1
3
0
5
8
8
7
6
79
81
76
5
Shore
2200
17.1
21.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.9
5
3
6
1
5
10
11
8
5
78
82
74
5
.2600
17.3
21.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.4
7.6
6
5
8
2
5
15
23
12
6
79
82
74
5- .,-.
Note: NS = number of samples
-------
(ABLE 10. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 13.7
Parameters
Temp.°C
pH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaC03)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Av£
Max
Min
NS
100
17.7
22.0
10.0
6
8.1
8.3
7.8
6
3
6
0
5
8
9
6
6
79
83
76
6
Feet
700
17.3
21.5
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
8.0
5
3
A
1
4
6
7
5
5
79
84
76
5
from Vest
1000
17.5
21.0
10.0
7
8.1
8.3
8.0
7
3 .
6
1
6 " ;
7
10
'6 : ;;
7
79 :^
82
74
6 V-';
Shore
1400
17.1
21.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.9
5
6
15
1
5
10
13
''::' 8
.-. " - 5 'v '
';? 78'-:
:/.;. -so;;,:-
74
: ' 5 ' '
1900
17.3
21.0
10.0
5
8.1
8.3
8.0
5
4
6
2
5
12
14
10
' ' 5^ .:.-.
79
81
76
5
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 10. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 10. ON
Parameters
Temp . °C
pH
Phenols
.ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaCOa)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
\ NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg ::-
Max
Min
NS
Feet from West Shore
100
17.5
21.5
9.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.8
5
2
7
0
5
7
8
5
6
78
81
76
5
500
. 17.8
21.5
9.0
6
8.1
8.3
8.0
6
1
3
0
5
7
8
5
6
78
80
76
6
900
17.3
21.5
9.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.9
5
3
16
0
5
7
11
3
6
79
82
74
5
Ui
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 10. .WATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR 10. OS
Parameters
Temp.°C
PH
Phenols
ug/1
Chlorides
mg/1
Alkalinity
(CaC03)
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Feet from West Shore
1.00
16.9
21.0
9.0
5
8.1
8.3
7.9
5
1
4
0
5
7
8
6
6
78
81
74
5
500
16.9
21.0
9.0
5
8.1
8.2
8.0
5
3
12
0
5 '
8
10
5
6
77
81
74
5
900
lb.9
21.0
9.0
5
8.1
8.2
8.0
4
3
6
0
5
11
12
6
6
78
81
74
5
Note: NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE li. WATER QUALITY - ST. CLA.IR RIVER TRIBUTARIES
Concentrations for July-December 1964
Range
SR Bk 36.5
Black River
SR Pn 25.2
Pine River
SR Be 17.5
Belle River
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp . C
18.5
25.5
10.0
5
17.8
23.5
. 10.0
5
19.3
26.0
9.5
5
PH
7.6
7.9
7.4
5
8.1
8.2
8.0
8.1
7.8
5
Phenols
(ug/1)
2
6
0
5
0.8
4
0
5
1
3
0
5
Chlorides
(mg/1)
26
41
7
5
43
84
10
5
75
115
49
5
Alkalinity.
(CaC03)
mg/1
104
126
76
5
81
86
7b
5
134
145
122
5
Note: NS = nximber of samples.
-------
TABLE 12. WATER QUALITY OF ST. GLAIR RIVER
1964 TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITIES (MF)*
oo
llange
SR 39.0
SR 35.4.
SR 31.2
SR 26.7
SR 17.5
SR 13.7
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
0 100
2
2
1
,4
59
.- 490
4
6
88
390
50
6
260
300
70-
6
220
560 .
110
6
250
1200
150
6
500 700 800 900
6
16
4
5
5 12
10 23
2 2
6 6
21
36
6
6
8
38
4
\ 6
60
140
40
5
Feet
1000
13
20
5
5
5
10
5
5
80
530
2
7
from
1200
17
26
9
5
120
610
12
5
West Shore
1400 1500
3
4
1
4
36
220
2
6
24
67
12
5
t
'
340
1300
38
5
1600 1700 1900
340
;>iooo
68
6
44 230
>400 >400
6 36
5 6
100
1400
52
6
190
2600
30
5
2200 2600
^
170 370
1700 2200
92 240
5 5
NS = number of samples.
* Determinations made by membrane filter technique.
-------
12. WATER QUALITY OF ST. CLAIR RIVER (cont.)
1964. TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITIES (M )*
Range
SR 10. ON
SR 10. OS
Med
Max
Min
NS
Med
Max
Min
NS
\ Feet from West Shore
0 100
810
1400
320
5
70
230
20
5
500
180
>1000
70
6
160
210
52
5
700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1500 1600 1700 1900 2200 2600
100,
>1000
30 .
5 \
\
180 <
560
70
5
NS = number of samples.
* Determinations made by membrane filter technique.
vo
-------
TABLE 13. WATER QUALITY OF TRIBUTARIES OF ST. CLAIR RIVER
1964 TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITIES (MF)*
Range
SR Bk 36.5
SR Pn 25.2 .
SR Be 17.5
Tributary
Black River Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Pine River Median
Maximum
MiniB&nfi
NS
Belle River Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Feet from West Shore
1400
6000
200
4
1800
2300
980
5
29,000
130,000
2,100
5
NS = number of samples.
* Determinations made by membrane filter technique.
70
-------
TABLE 14. WATER QUALITY - TRIBUTARIES OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER
MWRC - 1964 Concentrations
Station No.
Black River
(7B-PH)
Pine River
(6P-STC)
Belle River
(5- BEL)
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
12.4
28.0
0.0
21
12.4
28.0
0.0
21
13.0
28.0
0.0
21
DO
8.9
13.3
3.4
21
9.9
13.2
6.4
21
7.8
12.9
2.5
21
% Sat
79.0
100.0
43.0
21
90.2
124.3
62.7
21
69.3
100.6
32.3
21
BODs
2.4
5.7
1.5
21
2.6
5.7
1.2
20
2.9
4.8
1.7
21
NH3-N
0.044
0.410
0.000
20
0.135
0.410
0.000
19
0.160
0.410
0.00
20
N03-N
0.14
0.34
0.00
21
0.17
0.36 "'
0.00
21
0.16
0.59
0.00
21
Tot.
P04
0.16
2.80
0.00
21
0.26
~ 1.10
0.00
21
0.14
0.60
0.00
21
Susp.
Solids
14
95
2
20
25
110
3
19
43
162
3
20
Vol.
Susp.
Solids
5
9
3
9
7
20
3
12
9
34
2
16
cr
17
58
4
21
70
290
8
21
81
138
38
21
Total
Hardness
(CaC03)
140
140
140
1
110
110
110
1
265
265
265
1
pH
7.9
8.2
7.5
8.1
8.3
7.8
8.0
8.3
7.5
NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
Phosphates reported as
-------
TABLE 15. WATER QUALITY - TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITY VALUES FOR 1964*
MPN/100ml
Tributaries
Black
River
(7B-PH)
Pine
River
(6P-STC)
Belle
River
(5-BEL)
Geometric Mean
Median
Maximum
Minimum
No. of Samples
1,217
910
9,300
300
11
717
730
9,300
43
11
4,639
4,300
24,000
.430
10
*MHRC values.
72
-------
TABLE 16. WATER QUALITY - ST. GLAIR RIVER
IJC - Concentrations for 1966
co
Range
SR 39.0
Parameters
Temp. °C
Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
mg/1
NC>3- Nitrogen
mg/1
Total Phos.
(P04)
mg/1
Total Soluble
Phosphate
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS :
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Feet from West Shore
100
15.0
22.0
9.0
7
0.14
0.29
0.02
8
0.2
0.4
0.1
8
*
0.4
<0.025
8
*
0.3
<0.025
8
800
14.4
21.0
7.5
7
0.15
0.22
0.09
7
0.2
0.6
0.1
8
*
0.1
<0.025
8
*
0.04
£0.025
8
1500
14.3
21.0
7.5
7
0.12
0.18
0.03
8
0.2
0.4
0.1
8
*
0.04
<0.025
8
_.*
0.025
<0.025
8
*0ne third or more of samples had values ^0.025 mg/1,
NS = number of samples.
-------
TABLE 16. WATER QUALITY - ST. GLAIR RIVER
UC - Concentrations for 1966
Range
SR 39.0
(cont . )
Parameters
Phenols - ug/1
- .
Chlorides
TOlg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Feet from West Shore
100
3
6
0
8
6
7
5
8
800
3
8
0
8
6
7
5
8
1500
3
9
0
8
6
6
5
8
NS = number of samples.
*0ne third or .more of samples had values < 0.025 Jng/l.
-------
TABLE 16. KATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
JJC - Concentrations for 1966
Ln
Range
SR 13.7
,
-
Parameters
Temp.°C
Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
mg/1
N03-Nitrogen
mg/1
Total Phos.
(P04)
mg/1
Total Soluble
Phosphate
mg/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
100
14.9
22.0
9.0
7
0.13
0.22
0.05
8
0.5
0.7
0.1
8
*
0.1
<0.025
8
*
0.05
< 0.025
8
700
14.5
21.5
8.0
7
0.12
0.26
0.07
8
0.2
0.7
0.1
8
*
0.2
<-0.025
8
__*
0.2
<0.025
8
Feet from West
1000 ..
14.6
21.5
7.5
7
0.13
0.23
0.08
8
0.2
0.8
0.1
7
*
0.04
<0.025
8
.:_*
0.025
<0.025
8
Shore
1400
14.4
21.5
7.5
7
0.11
0.49
0.03
8
0.2
0.7
0.0
8
*
0.08
<0.025
8
*
0.04
<0.025
8
1900
14.3
21.5
7.5
7
0.14
0.28
0.06
7
0.2
0.4
0.1
7
*
0.04
<0.025
8
._*
0.025
^0.025
8
NS = number of samples.
*0ne third or more of samples had values 0.025 mg/1.
-------
TABLE ia. tIATER QUALITY - ST. CLAIR RIVER
UC - Concentrations for 1966
Range
SR 13.7
(cont . )
Parameters
Phenols - ug/1
Chlorides
ng/1
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
100
3
8
0
8
8
9
7
8
700
3
8
0
8
7
8
6
8
Feet from West
1000
3
9
0
8
Z
9
5
8
Shore
1400
3
10
0
8
11
15
8
8
1900
4
10
0
8
15
22
7
8
NS = number of samples.
*0ne third or more of sainples had values-<^&. 025 mg/1.
-------
TABLE 17. WATER QUALITY OF ST. CLAIR RIVER
IJC - TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITIES FOR 1966
Organisms/100ml*
Ranae
SR 39.0
SR 13.7
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
100
-
20
10
7
285
900
70
8
700
.80
810
30
7
Feet from West
800 1000
-
60
10
8
410
990
2
' ^ 7 '
Shore
1400 1500
-
20
10
8
190
6700
2
7
1900
270
6700
0
7
NS = number of samples.
*Determinations carried out by the membrane filter technique.
77
-------
TABLE 18 . LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 'July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
00
Station
No.
P-001 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P-002 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P-003 Avg
Max
Min
-- .. jjs
. P-Q04 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P-005 Avg
. Max
Min
NS
P006 Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
16.5
25.0
9.0
3
16.9
26.5
7.5
4
16.8
26.5
7.5
. 4
17.5
25.5
7.0
5
16.3
25.0
7.5 ,
4
16.0
24.0
7.5
4
DO °
-
-
-
_-
-
_
9.1
9.1
9.1
! ,--,.
9...1
9.1
9.1
1
9.1 -
9.1
9.1
1
9.1
9.1
9.1
1
I Sat.
-
-
-
_
-
.
101
101
101
. - ....-.-
101
101
101
99.2
99.2
99.2
-
99.2
99.2
99.2
BOD5
-
-
-
3.0
3.0
3.0
1
4.0
4.0
4.0
* 1" "
.3.0
3.0
3.0
1
3.0
3.0
3.0
1
2.0
2.0
2.0 .
1
NH3-N
-
-
-
0.26
0.26
0.26
1
0.27
0.27
0.27
__ 1, ^..
0.07
0.07
0.07
1
0.16
0.16
0.16
1
0.16
0.16
0.16
1
Org-N
-
-
-
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
0.09
0.09
0.09
1-; -
_.0..06
0.06
0.06
1
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
N03-N
-
-
-
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
0.14
0.14
0.14
- 1 ..."
. .0. 12
0.12
0.12
1
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
0.13
0.13
0.13
1
Tot. sol!
N02-N P04 P04
_
-
_
0.005 '.49 -.
0.005 .90 -
0.005 ;.08 -
1 2
0.002 ' -
1 1
0.006 .02 -
0.006 \02 -
0.006 .02
1 1
0.009 <-01 -
0.009 <-01 -
0.009 ,^.01J -
1 1
Tot. "
Sol.
-
- .
-
190
190
190
1
204
204
204
' }'
178
178
178
1
160
160
160
1
170
170
170
1
Susp.
Sol.
-
-
-
49
49
49
1
54
54
54
,r
61
61
61
1
49
49
49
1
42
42
42
1
Vol.
Susp.
sol . cr
15
24
11
4
14
17
11
4
14
19
9
4
10
12
9
4
11
14
9
4
10
13
7
5
Pheao
3
7
1
5
2
3
0
4
4
0
4
2
6
0
4
3
6
0
4
3
6
0
4
Note: NS = number of samples.
Phosphates as PO^.
All results in mg/1, except phenol -jig/I
-------
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. CIAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
vo
»
Station No.
P001
P002
P003
P004
P005
P006
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Sodium
11.0
11.0
11.0
1
11.0
11.0
11.0
1
16.0
16.0
16.0
1
7.30
7.30
7.30
1
_
-
-
6.50
6.50
6.50
1
Potassium
1.40
1.40
1.40
1
1.20
1.20
1.20
1
1.50
1.50
1.50
1
0.95
0.95
0.95
1
_
-
-
1.10
1.10
1.10
1
Calcium
36.0
36.0
36.0
1
26.0
26.0
26.0
1
32.5
36.0
29.0
2
26.0
26.0
26.0
1
_
-
28.0
28.0
28.0
1
Magnesium
11.0
11.0
11.0
1
11.0
11.0
11.0
1
12.0
13.0
11.0
2
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
-
-
17.0
11.0
11.0
1
Sulfate
6
6
6
1
5
5
5
1
8
^ 8
8
1
7
7
7
1
-
-
-
19
19
19
1
Total Alkalinity
(CaCOi)
72
80
58
3
79
85
74
4
82
86
76
4
80
82
74
4
79
82
76
4
81
83
76
5
NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
-------
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
oo
o
Station
No.
P007
POOS
. ,v-'';";'
P009
P010
Wll
P013
Temp
°C
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
15.
24.
6.
4
15.
24.
7.
4
18.
27.
10.
5
18.
27.
10.
4
18.
27.
10.
4
19.
27.
10.
5
6
0
5
8
0
5
3
0
0
5
0
5
8
0
5
1
0
0
no
9.
9.
9.
1
9.
9.
9.
1
9.
10.
8.
2
9.
9.
9.
1
7;
7.
7.
8.
8.
8.
1
3
3
3
0
0
0
4
1
7
0
0
0
9
9
9
8
8
8
% Sat
101.4
101.4
101.4
98.1
98.1
98.1
99.7
107.1
92.2
95.4
95.4
95.4
83.7
83.7
83.7
96.0
96.0
96.0
Tot.
Tot. Sol.
BOD5 flH3-N .Org-N N03-N N02-N P04 P04
3.
3.
3.
1
-
-
-
2.
2.
2.
1
1.
1.
1.
1
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
1
0 0.20 0.07 0.12 0.006 0.02 -
0 0.20 0.07 0.12 0.006 0.02 -
0 0.20 0.07 0.12 0.006 0.02 -
1 111 1
0.15 0.06 0.18 0.005 0.01 -
0.15 0.06 0.18 0.005 0.01
0.15 0.06 0.18 0.005 0.01 -
1 1 11 1
0 - - - - ...
0 . - - -
0 - - - -
o - - .-..-.
0 - - - -
0 - - -
0 - - ---. --: - - - '- - :
0 - - -
0 - - -
0 - - -
0 - - -
0 - . - -
Tot.
Sol.
153
153
153
1
-
-
-
122
122
122
1
144
144
144
1
184
184
184
1
145
145
145
1
£usp.
Sol.
23
23
23
1
-
-
-
18
18
18
1
20
20
20
1
61
61
61
1
20
20
20
1
Vol.
'Susp.
Sol . Cl Phenol
11 1
13 3
9 0
4 3
12 3
- 14 4
9 3
5 3
=
_ _
- -
. «
- =
_ _
-
_
- - c.
_ _ _
-
-
Note: NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
Phosphates reported as
-------
oo
TABLE 18. IAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
Station No.
P007
POOS
POO 9
P010
P011
P013
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Mln
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Sodium
8.40
8.40
8.40
1
8.00
8.00
8.00
1
5.55
7.00
4.10
2
4.20
4.20
4.20
1
4.20
4.20
4.20
1
4.70
4.70
4.70
1
Potassium
1.10
1.10
1.10
1
1.10
1.10
1.10
1
0.95
1.10
0.81
2
0.96
0.96
0.96
1
0.92
0.92
0.92
1
0.80
0.80
0.80
1
Calcium
28.0
28.0
28.0
1
28.0
28.0
28.0
1
26.0
28.0
24.0
2
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
28.0
28.0
28.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
Magnesium
11.0
11.0
11.0
1
10.0
10.0
10.0
1
10.3
11.0
9.6
2
9.5
9.5
9.5
1
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
9.5
9.5
9.5
1
Sulfate
20
20
20
1
21
21
21
1
13
20
5
2
5
5
5
1
6
6
6
1
6
6
6
1
Total Alkalinity
(CaCOs)
81
84
78
4
82
84
79
4
77
84
70
5
81
86
76
4
83
86
80
4
84
88
80
4
Note: NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
-------
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
00
ro
Station
No.
P014
P016
P017
P018
1P.Q20:
P022
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS.
Avg
Max
Min
NS
-Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
19.8
26.5
10.5
5
19.0
25.0
11.0
5
16.4
27.0
5.0
4
18.3
24-. 5
5.0
5
16.4
26.0
5.0
4
17
26
7
4
DO
8.8
8.8
8.8
1
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
9.4
9.4
9.4
1
. ..
-
.
6.7
6.7
6.7
1
% Sat
96.0
96.0
96.0
100
100
100
98.0
98.0
98.0
97.8
97.8
97.8
. -- * . . -
-
-
69.7
69.7
69.7
BODs
2.0
2.0
2.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
7.0
7.0
7.0
1
3.0
-- 3.0
3.0
1
:::::, 2.~0.
2.0
2.0
1
6.0
6.0
6.0
1
NH3-N
-
-
-
-
-
0.69
0.69
0.69
1
0.22
0.22
0.22
1
r:: 0.34
0.34
0.34
1
0.64
0.64
0.64
1
prg-N
-
-
-
: -
-
-
0.09
0.09
0.09
1
0.06
0.06
0.06
1
: 0,05
0.05
0.05
1
0.09
0.09
0.09
1
N03-N
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.18
0.18
0.18
1
0.15
^0.15
0.15
1
:t).32
0.32
0.32
1
0.78
0.78
0.78
1
N02-N
-
-
-
..
-
-
0.014
0.014
0.014
1
0.003
0.003
0.003
1
0.002:
0.002
0.002
1
0.005
0.005
0.005
1
Tot.
Tot . Sol .
P04 P04
-
-
_ -
-
-
_ ..
0.20 -
0.20 -
0.20 -
1
1.50 -
1.50 -
1.50 -
1
0.20 - :
0.20 -
0.20 -
1
0.02 -
0.02 -
0.02 -
1
Tot.
Sol.
140
140
140
,1
122
122
122
1
189
189
189
1
141
141
141
1
139
139
139
1
191
191
191
1
Vol.
Susp. Susp,
Sol. Sol
23
23
23
1
3
3
3
1
57
57
57
1
13
13
13
1
18
18
18
1
50
50
50
1
»
ci~
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
30
9
4
10
14
8
4
9
12
7
4
9
12
7
4
Pheao
. -
-
_
_
-
- ,
1
2
0
4
1
2
1
4
1
3
0
4
1
3
0
4
Note: NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1, except phenol -^ug/1.
Phosphates reported as PO/.
-------
oo
u>
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
Station No.
P014 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P016 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P017 Avg
_Max
Min
NS
:POI8 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P020 Avg
Max
Min
NS
P022 Avg
Max
Min
NS
Sodium
4.00
4.00
4.00
1
4.00
4.00
4.00
i
7.0
7.0
7.0
1
5.00
5.00
5.00
1
4.60
4.60
4.60
1
7.50
7.50
7.50
1
Potassium
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.40
1.40
1.40
1
1.10
1.10
1.10
1
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.70
1.70
1.70
1
Calcium
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
25.0
25.0
25.0
1
28.0
28.0
28.0
1
25.0
25.0
25.0
1
26.0
26.0
26.0
1
Magnesium
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
9.9
9.9
9.9
1
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
:- 10.0
10.0
10.0
1
10.0
10.0
10.0
1
9.8
9.8
9.8
1
Sulfate
6
6
6
1
19
19
'" 19
1
. 10
10
10
1
16
16
16
1
13
13
13
1
17
17
17
1
Total Alkalinity
(CaCOs)
79
86
70
4
79
83
74
4
95
118
75
4
83
88
76
4
84
94
74
80
88
68
4
NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
-------
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. GLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
GO
Station
No.
P023
P024
P025
P026
P027
P028
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
. Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
16.9
26.0
8.0
4
17.0
25.5
8.5
4
18.1
22.0
15.5
4
16.3
25.0
7.0
4
16.3
24.5
8.0
4
16.2
24.0
8.0
5
DO
10.0
10.0
10.0
1
10.1
10.1
10.1
1
9.5
10.0
9.0
2
10.0
10.0
10.0
1
10.0
10.0
10.0
1
9.6
10.0
9.2
2
7. Sat
106
106
106
107.1
107.1
107.1
101.9
106.0
93.6
106.0
106.0
106.0
106.0
106.0
106.0
99.9
106.0
93.8
BOD5
2.0
2.0
2.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
NH3-N
0.22
0.22
0.22
1
0.09
0.09
0.09
1
0.11
0.11
0.10
2
0.12
0.12
0.12
1
0.09
0.09
0.09
1
0.12
0.13
0.10
2
Org-N
0.06
0.06
0.06
1
0.04
0.04
0.04
1
0.07
0.08
0.05
2
0.06
0.06
0.06
1
0.05
0.05
0.05
1
0.06
0.08
0.05
2
N03-N
0.11
0.11
0.11
1
0.24
0.24
0.24
1
0.51
0.68
0.34
2
0.52
0.52
0.52
1
0.38
0.38
0.38
1
0.29
0.30
0.28
2
N02-N
0.003
0.003
0.003
1
0.002
0.002
0.002
1
0.008
0.013
0.002
2
0.003
0.003
0.003
1
0.002
0.002
0.002
1
0.007
0.011
0.002
2
Tot.
Tot. Sol.
P04 P04
0.10 -
0.10 -
0.10 -
1
0.10 -
0.10 -
0.10 -
1
0.10 -
0.10 -
0.10
2
0.03
0.03
0.03 -
1
0.20 -
0.20 -
0.20 -
1
0.02
0.03
0.00 -
2
Tot.
Sol.
131
131
131
1
133
133
133
1
131
131
130
2
145
145
145
1
140
140
140
1
159
180
137
2
Susp.
Sol.
15
15
15
1
14
14
14
1
12
12
12
1
26
26
26
1
12
12
12
1
19
19
19
1
Vol.
S\isp.
Sol. Cl
8
- 9
6
4
7
8
6
4
9
15
7
4
7
9
7
5
7
8
6
5
8
11
7
5
Phenol
1
3
0
4
2
3
0
4
3
5
0
4
1
3
0
4
2
5
0
4
3
12
0
5
NS = number of samples.
Phosphates reported as
All results in mg/1, except phenol - jag/1.
-------
TABLE 18. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for July 20-November 19, 1964
"P" Stations
Station No.
00
Ui
Sod ium
Potassium
Paleium
Magnesium
Sulfate
Total Alkalinity
Note: NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
P023
_
P024
P025
P026
P027
P028
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Mitt
NS
Avg i
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
4.50
4.50
4.50
1
4.20
4.20
4.20
1
5.05
5.40
4.70
2
4.00
4.00
4.00
1
4.60
4.60
4.60
1
4.50
4.60
4.40
2
0.99
0.99
0.99
1
1.00
1.00
4.00
1
0.92
0.92
0.91
2
0.90
0.90
0.90-
1
0.90
0.90
0.90
1
1.03
4.10
0.97
2
26.0
26.0
26.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
2
j 27.0
27.0
27.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
27.5
28.0
27.0
2
9.7
9.7
9.7
1
9.6
9.6
9.6
1
8.8
9.6
7.9
2
9.3
9.3
9.3
1
9.6
9.6
9.6
1
9.9
10.0
9.8
2
11
11
11
1
12
12
12
'1
8
9
6
2
5
5
5
1
6
6
6
1
12
13
11
2
78
80
75
4
78
81
74
4
83
94
74
4
77
78
75
4
78
81
75
4
79
82
76
5
-------
TABLE 19. JAKE ST. ClAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
00
Station
No.
E-001
E-002
E-003
E-004
E-005
E-006
Avg
Max
Min
' NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
18.8
21.5
16.0
2
19.3
21.5
17.0
2
21.5
21.5
21.5
1
21.0
21.0
21.0
1
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.3
21.5
17.0
2
DO
8.9
9.3
8.5
2
8.8
9.1
8.5
2
8.5
8.5
8.5
1
8.7-
8.7
8.7
1
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.0
9.1
8.8
2
% Sat
96.2
97.5
94.9
96.2
97.8
94.6
97.8
97.8
97.8
100.0
100.1
100.1
101.4
101.4
101.4
97.9
101.2
94.6
BOD5 NHs-N
0.10
0.10
0.10
1
0.16
0.16
\ - 0.16
1
_ _
-
.-
._
-
- -
-
0.08
0.08
0.08
1
Org-N
0.04
0.04
0.04
1
0.06
0.06
0.06
1
_
-
-
. _
-
-
-
-
-
0.03
0.03
0.03
1
N03-N
0.28
0.28
0.28
1
0.10
0.10
0.10
1
. _
-
-
_
-
--
-
-
-
0.18
0.18
0.18
1
lot.
Tot . Sol .
N02-N P04 P04
0.014 0.10 -
0.014 0.10 -
0.014 0.10 -
1 1
0.014 0.02 -
0.014 0.02 -
0.014 0.02 -
2 1
'
-
. -
-
- -
._
_ -,_
-
~ _
0.014 .<:.oi -
0.014 <.01 -
0.014 <.01' -
1 1
Tot. Susp.
Sol. Sol.
140
140
140
1
175
180
170
2
130
130
130
1
160
160
160
1.
130
130
130
135
140
130
2
Vol.
Susp.
Sol. Cl
12
12
12
2
15
16
14
2
11
11
11
1
14
14
14
1
10
10
10
10
10
9
2
Phen
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
I
_.
-
-
_
«.
-
-
-
-
5
5
5
1
NS = number of samples.
Phosphates reported as P04.
All parameters reported as mg/1, except phenol - ug/1.
-------
TABLE 19 . IAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
oo
Station No.
E-001
E-002
E-003
E-004
E-005
E-006
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Mitt
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
1 Min
NS
Sodium
6.30 .
6.30
6.30
1
7.50
7.50
7.50
1
-
-
-
-
. -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.50
5.50
5.50
1
Potassium
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.60
1.60
1.60
1
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
-'
0.93
0.93
0.93
1
Calcium
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
35.0
35.0
35.0
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
"
-
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
Magnesium
9.9
9.9
9.9
1
12.0
12.0.
12.0
1
_
-'
-
-
- ,
-
-
-
- .
-
-
J 7.7
7.7
7.7
1
Sulfate
11
11
11
1
23
23
23
1
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
' .-
-
-
. -
12
12
12
1
NS = number of samples.
All parameters reported as mg/1.
-------
TABLE 19. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
00
00
Station
No.
E-007 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-008 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-009 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-110 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-011 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-012 Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
18.8
20.5
17.0
2
18.0
20.0
16.0
2
20.8
22.0
19.5
2
20.0
20.0
20.0
1
17.5
19.0
16.0
2
19.0
19.0
19.0
1
po
9.1
9.2
9.0
2
9.0
9.1
8.8
2
9.3
9.3
9.3
1
9.5
9.5
9.5
1
9.0
9.0
8.9
2
9.3
9.3
9.3
% Sat BOD 5
.98^8
104.0
93.6
95.9
101.9
89.8
. .
103.2
103.2
103.2 -
105.5
105.5
105.5
86.7
91.8
81.6
101.4
101.4
101.4
1
Tot.
i
Tot. Sol. Tot.
NH3-N Org-N N03-N N02-N P04 P04 'Sol.
0.13 0.04 1.08 0.014 0.10 - 145
0.13 0.04 1.08 0.014 0.10 - 150
0.13 0.04 1.08 0.014 1.10 - 140
1.1 1 11 2
- - - ... 135
- - - 140
- - - 130
2
- , - 140
- - 140
- . - - - 140
1
. . . . 140
- 140
- - - - 140
1
- - 125
- - - 130
- - -120
2
- 130
130
- 130
1
Vol.
Susp. Susp.
Sol. 'Sol. Cl~
12
13
11
2
_ - -
_
_ _
_ _ -
-
. - -
. -
- .
_ _
. . -
.
. _ .
8
8
8
1
Phenc
3
3
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
..
-
-.
.
- '
-
.
-
_
NS <= number of samples.
Phosphates reported as P04.
All results in mg/1, except phenol - ug/1.
-------
TABLE 19. .LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
00
VO
Station No.
E-007 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-008 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-009 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-010 Avg
Max
Min
NS
E-OIO Avg
Max
Min
.. NS
E-012 Avg
Max
Min
NS
Sodium
7.00
7.00
7.00
1
5.0
5.0
5.0
1
_
-
-
_
-
-
3.90
3.90
3.90
1
_
-
_
Potassium
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
0.92
0.92
0.92
1
_
-
-
_
-
-
0.96
0.96
0.96
1
-
-
-
Calcium
29.0
29.0
29.0
1
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
_
-
-
_
-
-
27.0
27.0
27.0
1
-
-
-
Magnesium
9.4
9.4
9.4
1
8.2
8.2
8.2
1
_
-
-
_
-
-
8.0
8.0
8.0
1
-
-
-.
Sulfate
11
11
11
1
.7
7
7
1
_
-
-
_
-
-
7
7
7
1
.
-
-
NS «= number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
-------
TABLE 19. LAKE ST. CIAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
Station
No.
E-013
E-014
E-015
E-016
E-017
E-018
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Avg
Max
Min
NS
Temp
°C
21.0
21.0
21.0
1
20.5
20.5
20.5
1
21.0
21.0
21.0
1
18.8
21.0
16.5
2
24.0
24.0
24.0
1
22.3
24.0
20.5
2
DO
8.7
8.7
8.7
1
8.8
8.8
8.8
1
8.3
8.3
8.3
9.2
9.6
8.7
2
8.8
8.8
8.8
1
8.8
8.8
8.8
1
.% Sat BOD5
98.7
98.3
98.3
99.4
99.4
99.4
93.8
93.8
93.8
99.1
99.8
98.3
105.6
105.6 / -
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
Tot.
.Tot. Sol. Tot. Susp.
NH3-N ,Org-N .NOs-N .N02-N JP04 P.04 SoJL. So.l.
120
. . 120
120
1
- 140
_ 140
-" 140
1
130
- . - 130
130
1
0.32 i r_ 0.07 1.80 0.013 <-01 - 130
0.32 0.07 1.80 0.013 <..01 - 130
0.32 0.07 1.80 0.013 <-01 - 130
1 1 111 2
- ' - 140
. 140
- 140
1
... 160
160
- 160
1
Vol.
Susp.
Sol. Cl Pheno
9
9
9
1
10
10
10
1
. ._
_ - -
- -
8 3
8 3
7 3
2 1
7
7
7
1
11
11
11
1
NS = number of samples.
Phosphates reported as
All results in mg/1, except phenol - ug/1.
-------
TABLE 19. LAKE ST. CLAIR - WATER QUALITY
Concentrations for 1964
"E" Stations
Station No.
E-013
E-014
E-015
E^016 -
E-017
E-018
Sodium. Potassium Calcium. Magnesium
Avg -
Max -
Min - - - '-
NS .
Avg - - . - - -
Max - - - -
Min - - -
NS ,
Avg - - - '
Max - - - -
Min ...
NS
Avg 4.00 0.93 27.0 8.4
Max 4.00 0.93 27.0 8.4
Min 4.00 0.93 27.0 8.4
NS t 1 1 1 1
Avg
Max ...
Min - - - -
NS
Avg - - - -
Max -
Min ....
NS - - -
Sulfate
_
-
. -
.
-
-
_
-
-
8
8
8
1
. _
-
-
.
-
-
-
NS = number of samples.
All results in mg/1.
-------
TABLE 20. COLIFORM AND FECAL STREPTOCOCCI DENSITIES
1964
"P" Stations
\
Station No.
P-l
P-2
P-3
P-4
P-5
P-6
P-7
P-8
P-9
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Mini-mum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Organisms/ 100ml
Total Coliforms Fecal Coliforms
300 -
460
150
2
70 -
150 ;-
10
4
100 P rn
200 - - .
< 1 :' - -
2
17
35 '' -
< 1 ' *-
3
11 L-
31
<. 1 r: ' ;rU
7 ,
19
55 ... ' -
-------
TABLE 20. COLIFORM AND FECAL STREPTOCOCCI DENSITIES (cont.)
1964
"P" Stations
Station No.
' P-10
P-ll
P- 13
P-14
P-16
P-17
P-18
P-20
vP-22
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum.
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum :
NS
Median
Maximum
Minimum.
NS
Total Coliforms
590
2,200
10
5 .
210
420
90
4
500
1,500
2
3
31
50
10
3
41
100
9
4
2,500
8,600
20
4
740
2,800
22
5
43
60
25
2
83,000
250,000
100
3
Organisms/ 100ml
Fecal Coliforms
4'5
65
10
3
100
170
4
3
29,0
290^
290'
1
8
8
' 8.'
1
I ,
15
20
10
2
_
-
.' - fl,-.
0
_.
"i
. ! ' '
0
V i
: -,
r| .,
.6;
'. \
\ \
~! . .
i !
-:'. :.
Q
Fecal Strep
' 13
25
5
3
31
85
2
3
93
180
6
2
16
28
4
2
4
6
2
2
200
480
2
3
350
650
44
2
130
320
<1
3
300
540
20
2
NS = number of samples.
93
-------
TABLE 20. COLIFORM AND FECAL STREPTOCOCCI DENSITIES (cont.)
1964
"P"'Stations
Station No.
P-23 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
P-24 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
P-25 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
P-26 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
'-PT27 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
P-28 Median
Maximum
Minimum
NS
Total Coliforms
150
390
10
3
82
200
4
4
260
740
13
3
21
62
2
4
16
42
2
5
35
64
6
5
Organisms /100ml
Fecal Coliforms
_
-
.
0
_
^
-
0
^
-
'
0
«.
.- "
-.;:
0
^
.
-
0
^
-
'' " -' "
0 .
Fecal Strep
48
.94
2
2
36
60
12
2
3
8
1
3
4,1
1
< 1
2
<1
1
4.1
2
5
9
1
3
NS = number of samples.
94
-------
TABLE 21. COLIFORM AND FECAL STREPTOCOCCI DENSITIES
1964*
'.'E" Stations
Station No.
*
E-l
E-2
E-3
E-4
E-5
E-6
E-7
E-8
E-9
E-10
f
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum . '
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Median
Maximum
Minimum
Med ian
Maximum
Minimum
Organisms/ 100ml
, Total Coliforms
.
50
100
0
5
5
5
10
10
10
. 230
230
230
80 I:
150 '1
. 10
. 10
10
10
85
120
50
5
5
5
f,
120
120
120
5
5
5
Fecal Streptococci
3
5
0
69
130
8
<5
<5
<5
30
30
30
;:., 5
..;. 5
5
6
6
6
5
5
5
9
12
5-
<5
':::: <5
<5
<5
<5
<5
*Based on 1-2 samples.
95
-------
.TABLE 21. COLIFORM AND FECAL STREPTOCOCCI DENSITIES (coat.)
1964*
I'E" Stations
Station No.
E-ll Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-12 Median
Maximum ,-
Minimum
E-13 Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-14 Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-15 Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-16 Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-17 Median
Maximum
Minimum
E-18 Median
Maximum
Minimum
Organisms /100ml
Total Coliforms
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
90
90
90
. 5 ::
5
5
5 -
5
. 5 ';
20
20
20
5
5
5
Fecal Streptococci
7
8
5
<5
<5
<5
<5
; ' <5
<5
10
10
10
Hi. <5
<5
<5
3
3
3
5
5
5
' 5
.. ., 5
5
*Based on 1-2 samples.
96
-------
BIOLOGY -
Biological studies were conducted between August and October 1964
on the St. Glair River, and tributaries, Lake St. Glair, and the Clinton
River. The Clinton River analyses are discussed in a separate report.
Phytoplankton, attached algae, benthic fauna, and physical conditions of
the environment were studied. The results are listed in Tables 22 thru 34.
St. Glair River and Tributaries
.Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton samples were taken at 8 stations on the St. Clair
River and one each on the Black, Pine, and Belle rivers, and one on
the St. Clair Cutoff Channel. :
The St. Clair River has a range in:algal numbers of 390 - 1510
mean number/ml (Table 22), with high values occurring in October at
a time of "full bloom." Centric and pennate diatoms were the predominant
forms, and blue-green algal counts were low. No appreciable change in the
quality or quantity of the phytoplankton between river mile 9.7 - 39.6 was
observed.
The tributary phytoplankton counts were considerably higher with
ranges of all rivers 1340 - 5290 mean number/ml. Centric diatoms pre-
dominate in all rivers with flagellates being found in the Belle River,
blue-greens in the Black River, and pennate diatoms in the Cutoff Channel.
The rivers appear to have a "bloom" period in August and a subsequent die-
:: I . i
off in October.(Table 23).
97
-------
Attached Algae
The predominant forms in the St. Glair River tributaries are Ulothrix
sp. and Cladophora sp; both of these are types of the green algae, and
often characteristic of the oligotrophic environment (Table 25).
Benthic Fauna
The St. Glair River has a benthic population composed of 1 to 14
species, and predominated by Trichoptera. Tubificids. Tendipedids.
Ephemeroptera. and Tricladida. Many pollution-sensitive forms are
represented in Table 27, but the pollution-tolerant sludgeworm dominates
the population between river Ranges 11.ON and 26.4N, with mean numbers
2
ranging from 500 to 13,600/m bottom. Numbers o;f benthic organisms increase
toward the mouth of the river. This is^related to the inflow of tributary
water nutrients and accumulation of organic material through the length
of the stream (Table 27).
The St. Glair River tributaries haye a denser.benthic fauna; sludge-
worms predominate at all stations. Populations^in the Belle, Pine, and
Black Rivers increased toward the mouthuof the stream, and the number of
species decreased. The tributaries to the St. CjLair River appear to be
more polluted than the river itself. Although pollution-sensitive forms
are still present, the effect of the highly enriched tributary streams
can be observed at the confluence in the sharp increase of pollution-
tolerant forms (Table 28). .
' i '; I'
Physical Conditions
The St. Glair River waters decrease slightly in depth as they flow
toward the mouth; the bottom is rock-gravel in the northern end, and
becomes softer with silt, sand, and clay, toward.the mouth. Transparency
98
-------
remained fairly constant (Table 30), at an average reading of 1.5m for
all stations.
The St. Glair River tributaries have marked indications of organic
pollution. A soft bottom of clay, silt, ooze, and detritus was observed
on all rivers. A sewage odor was noted on the Black, Pine, and Belle
Rivers. The average depth of the rivers is about 1m except the mouth
of the Black River, which is dredged annually..
Chemical composition of the bottom material is shown on Table 33.
Lake St. Glair
Phytoplankton
Twnety-nine stations were sampled for phytoplankton analyses. These
n (i
were divided into nearshore and extended range stations (Table 24).
11
The phytoplankton population of all stations was dominated by
centric and pennate diatoms, and blue-green algae, although the total
plankton count was considerably higher at the nearshore station (over 3,400
organisms/ml) than at the extended range station (over 1,000 organisms/ml).
1
The higher counts are a reflection of higher nutrient values related to
tributary flow, land runoff, shallow depth, and current reduction. In
only 3 samplings of 48 taken (Table 24) was the total phytoplankton count
under 500 organisms/ml. This is the number designated as the "algal
bloom." From the high numbers of phytoplankton:present, Lake St. Glair
appears to be highly productive, but th6 quality!,of plankton does not
contain sufficient representatives of the nuisance algae responsible for
taste, odor, and toxins to be a serious: problem,..
99
-------
Attached Algae and Vegetation
Chara sp. was observed at all the nearshore stations sampled, and
was widespread in the Anchor Bay and St. Clair Flats region. This algae
la a well known contributor to eases and odor nuisances, and may ba a
possible cause of this problem in the Mt. Clemens water facility.
The vascular plant population is characterized by growths of
Najas sp. and Potamogeton sp.. This plant growth is controlled by nutrient
concentrations, depth, light penetration, turbidity, and suitable substrata.
These conditions are met in the shallower borders of the lake, but the
constant flow from Lake St. Clair inhibits excessive choking plant
growth (Table 26). n
Benthic Fauna ';:,
Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled at 15 nearshore stations
2
(Table 29). Mean numbers ranged from 389 to 3,7.24 organisms/m bottom,
and number of represented species from 8.to 22. .^he predominant organisms
were: Tendipedidae. Tubificidae. Amphipoda. and Sphaerididae; the diverse
population also contained many representatives of^pollution-sensitive
forms. The benthic fauna did not indicate there,were any areas of
severe biological degradation in the deep waters.of the lake. Sludgeworms
were more numerous in the main body of the lake at a distance from the
St. Clair River delta. This distribution is related to the sandy bottom
in the delta area, and the high organic content of; the central basin,
which provides a favorable habitat for sludgeworms.
Physical Conditions
: .'< C
The bottom type of Lake St. Clair is, a sand-e,lay-silt combination
(Table 32). Transparency ranged from 0.7 to 2.5m;..this value is related
100
-------
to both the suspended solids and high plankton counts. The lake itself
is shallow, with depths ranging from 1.0 to 7.0m - the shallowest portion
being Anchor Bay with depths ranging from 1.0 to 3.0m.
Chemical deposition of the bottom material is shown on Table 34.
101
-------
KEY TO PREDOMINATE PHYTOPLANKTON GENERA
DIATOMS:
GREENS:
BLUE-GREENS;
FLAGELLATES:
a. Cyclotella-Stephanodiscus
b. Fragilaria
c. Gomphonema
d. Melosira
e. Navicula
f. Nitzschia
g. Rhoicosphenia
h. Synedra ;
i. Genus Unidentified
j. Ankistrodesmus
k. Micractinium
1. Selenastrum
Scenedesmus
m.
Tetraedron
o. Agmene 1 lum
p. Anabaena
q. Anacystis
r. Phormidium
s. Dinobrypn
t. Euglena
u. Genus Unidentified
Metric system is used for all measurements.
102
-------
TABLE 22. PHYTOPLANKTON - ST. ClAIR RIVER - 1964
Mean Number per Milliliter
o
U)
Sampling
Period
August
September
October
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
-_- Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
--.-.- Greens.:
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
39.6
420
0
60
0
30
510
a
950
100
15.0
40
. 10
1,250
a
35.9
420
80
30
310
0
840
a,q
950
250
)140
60
0
1,400
a
Miles
31.7
110
140
30
0
110
390
d,f,g,s
- - "-
950
30
0
60
0
1,040
a
above
26.4
220
80
0
0
0
300
a
'
1,120
140
60
140
0
1,460
a,q
River Mouth
17.2
360
80
0
110
80
630
*,q
420
210
40
40
60
770
a,b
1,120
250
0
110
30
1,510
a,e
13.5
390
- 80
30
30
30
560
a
450
60
30
80
80
700
a,b
640
220
110
0
0
970
a,e
11. ON
. 220
110
0
80
0
410
a,q
600
60
0
70
.140
870
a,q
980
60
30
60
30
1,160
a
9.7S
390
80
30
60
0
560
a
390
120
40
60
JJO
690
a,h
*See key to Predominate Genera
-------
TABLE 23. LAKE ST. GLAIR AND ST. CLAIR RIVER TRIBUTARIES - 1964
PHYTOPLANKTON
Mean. Numbers per Milliliter
Miles above
Tributary ' River Mouth
Black River 0.2
,'"
Pine River 0.2
Belle River 0.6
Clinton River 0.3
Clinton River 10.5
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens R
Blue- Greens ,,
Flagellates n
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens ;
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens - '
Blue- Greens ;
Flagellates
i Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms'
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates :
Total
Predominate Genera*
Aug. Sept.
2,380
500
250
1,180
140
4,450
a, d, q
1,180
250
::.; 60
700
._J 0
2,190
q
-3', 080
: 390
200
360
1.260
^5,,290
a,d,q,u
: 170 250
140 320
30 80
60 0
220 590
.;.! 620 1,240
: a,u a,e,u
.!,
;.
Oct.
920
110
200
80
30
1,340
a, d, j
1,200
220
70
80
80
1,650
a,d,e,q
500
250
10
0
3.570
4,330
a,h,t,u
680
840
480
1,140
1.030
4,170
a,f,r,t
*See key to Predominate Genera \\
104.
-------
TABLE 23. PHYTOPLANKTON - LAKE ST. CLAIR AND ST. GLAIR RIVER TRIBUTARIES
1964
Mean Numbers per Milliliter
Miles Above
Tributary River Mouth
Clinton R. 19.3
Clinton R. 33.2
Clinton R. 40.2
Red Run River 0.1
Cut-off Canal 0.8
Algal Group Aug. Sept.
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total "
Predominate Genera*.
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens , .
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
i: ''
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms 620 280
Pennate Diatoms 810 560
Greens ';, 30 250
Blue-Greenis 60 30
Flagellates _ 250 :>_62Q
Total 1,770 1,740
Predominate Genera* a,e,f,u a,f,t,u
Oct.
1,410
1,340
660
350
180
3,940
a,e,q
330
1,030
370
0
150
1,880
a,c,f,h
420
1,580
640
240
1,560
4,440
a,e,f,t
30
0
0
760
590
1,380
q,t,u
*bee key to Predominate Genera
105 /--_.:-
-------
TABLE 24. PHYTOPLANKTON - IAKE ST. CLAIR - 1964
Mean Numbers per Milliliter
Sampling
Period
August
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Nearshore Stations
P-2
760
1,120
250
390
200
2,720
Predominate Genera* a,d,f,h
September
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
P-3
840
730
310
870
200
2,950
a,f,h,q
1,200
450
1,010
870
80
3,610
P-4
220
170
60
200
30
680
a,q
. a,f,l,m,q
P-6 P-7
730 100
200 60
0 0
80 0
0 0
\
1,010 .160
a,e,q a
480
670
80
340 .
30
1,600
a,f,o,q
P-8 .
80
30
0
30
80
220
a,u
250
250
60
220
80
860
a,o
P-9
80
480
60
60
60
740
e,f
*§ee key to Predominate Genera
-------
TABLE 24. PHYTOPLANKTON - LAKE ST. CLAIR - 1964
Mean Numbers per Milliliter
Sampling
Period
August
.September
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Near shore Stations
P-ll
140
140
0
110
110
500
a,q
170
310
60
80
110
^ 730
a,u
P-12
280
390
60
480
80
1,290
a,e,f
P-13
-
60
480
80
0
140
760'
a,e,u
P-18
3,020
200
310
80
170
3,780
ajc,m,u
1,430
760
760
590
390
3,930
a,f,q,u
P-22
950
170
1,180
410
250
2,960
a,k,p,u
1,900
390
620
170
360
3,440
a,j,m,t,u
P-24
640
30
110
60
140
980
a,u
P-26
390
280
30
60
0
760
a,h
780
30
30
30
0
870
a
*See key to Predominate Genera
-------
TABLE 24. PHYTOPLANKTON - LAKE ST. CLAIR - 1964
Mean Numbers per Milliliter
o
oo
Sampling
Period
August
October ,
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
\
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Extended Range Stations
E-l E-4
220 420
360 140
60 110
170 520
220 140
1,030 1,330
a,e,q,s a,q
980 760
170 110
200 80
140 30
30 _0
1,520 980
a,n,q a
E-5
640
110
0
200
200
1,150
a,q,u
560
200
110
30
0
900
a,h
E-5a
840
110
30
60
0
1,040
a
E-6
370
460
130
0
20
980
a,g,l
730
30
60
0
0
820
a
E-8
530
80
0
250
110
970
a,q
980
80
170
80
0
1,310
a»q .
E-9
780
140
0
140
80
1,140
a
1,340
170
80
0
0
1,590
a,c
E-10
500
170
30
500
1^150
2,350
a,q,u
620
60
60
30
0
770
a
*See key to Predominate genera
-------
TABLE 24. PHYTOPLANKTON - LAKE ST. CLAIR - 1964
Moan Numbers per Milliliter
o
VD
Sampling
Period
August
October
Extended Range
Algal Group
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
Predominate Genera*
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Greens
Blue- Greens
Flagellates
Total
E-ll
530
60
0
110
140
840
a,q,u
700
30
60
60
30
880 s:::
E-12
530
80
30
0
60
700
a
760
30
140
30
0
960
E-14
140
200
60
450
140
990
a,h,q
810
80
310
80
60
-: 1,340.-:
E-15
80
140
0
0
60
280
a
Stations
E-16
310
200
30
170
30
740
a,q
950
170
110
80
0
1,310
E-17
450
220
0
220
220
1,110
a,h,q
620
0
0
0
0
620
E-17a
640
60
80
60
0
840
Predominate Genera*
a,u
a,e
*See key to Predominate Genera
-------
TABLE 25. LAKE ST. CLAIR AND ST. CLAIR RIVER TRIBUTARIES
ATTACHED ALGAE
October 1964
Miles Above
River Mouth
Algal Form
Pine River - 4.5
Ulothrix sp.
Black River - 3.0
Cladophora glomerata
Belle River - 0.6
4.0
22.5
Cladophora sp.
Spirogyra sp.
I Cladophora sp.
Clinton River - 10.5
33.2
Oscillatoria sp.
'Mougeotia sp.
110
-------
TABLE 26. BOTTOM FLORA - LAKE ST. CLAIR
August-October 1964
Station Vascular Plants Attached Algae
E-l Najas sp. Chara sp.
E-5 Elodea sp. . Chara sp.
E-6 Vallisneria americana Chara sp.
Najas flexilis
E-9 Potamogeton crispus Chara sp,
E-10 Potamogeton crispus Chara sp.
r }
Myr i ophy 1 lum isp.
Najas flexilis .
Elodea sp. ::
E-15 . Vallisneria americana . Chara sp.
Najas flexilis ,1
Potamogeton crispus
Myriophyllum sp.
Ill
-------
TABLE 27. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES - ST. CLAIR RIVER
August-October 1964
Mean Numbers per square meter of bottom
Organisms
Tubificidae
Tendipedidae
Pelecypoda
Sphaeriidae
Pisidium
Sphaerium.
Unionidae
Lampsilis
Hirudinea
Gloss iphonidae
Tricladida
Dugesia
Pr o s ob ranchia
Amnicola
Goniobasis
Pleurocera
Valvata
Pulmonata
Lymnea
Physa
Ferrisa
Isopoda
Asellus
Amphipoda
Gammarus
Hyallela
Trichoptera
Hydropysche
Psychomy i idae
Ephemeroptera
Hexagenia
Stenonema
Others
Total
Miles
39.6 35.9 31.7
20 20
20 20
S '
7
3
1 5
3
20 5 20
5
90
20 56 ,163
Above River Mouth
26.4 ^ 17.2 13.5
1,580 500 13,600
1 80 10
2
3
: i s
50 5
; 3
10 3
6
3
9 1
5
... 3
5 40
8
5 20
. . _5 10
1,590 676 13,707
11. ON
950
10
1
3
5
8
3
3
130
40
8
1,161
9.7S
220
8
8
30
20
50
60
396
112
-------
TABLE 28. LAKE ST. GLAIR AND ST. CLAIR RIVER TRIBUTARIES
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES
August-October 1964
Mean Numbers per Square Meter of Bottom
Oreanisms
Miles, Above River Mouth
Black River
0.2
3.0
12.0
Pine River
0.2
4.5
Tubificidae
Tendipedidae
Pelecypoda
Sphaeriidae
Pisidium
Sphaerium
Tricladida
Dugesia
Pulmonata
Physa
Amphipoda
Gammarus
Trichoptera
Hydropysche
Leptoceridae
Rhyacophilidae
Ephemeroptera
Hexagenia
Others
3,480 2,280 130
40 360 100
10
60
10
30
10
70
3,280
170
20
3
300
10
10
10
60
170
TOTAL 3,530 2,730
320
3,476
560
113
-------
TABLE 28. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES - LAKE ST. CLAIR & ST. CLAIR RIVER
TRIBUTARIES
August-October 1964
Mean Numbers per Square Meter of Bottom
Miles Above River Mouth
Belle River
Organisms 0.6 4.0 22.5
Tubificidae 1,120 470 30
Tendipedidae 170 240
Pelecypoda ^/
Sphaeriidae
Pisidium " 3
Sphaerium.
Trie lad ida
Dugesia
Pulmonata
Physa
Amphipoda
Gammarus 400
Trichoptera
Hydropysche . 10
Leptoceridae 100
Rhyac oph i 1 idae
Ephemeroptera
Hexagenia 40 60
Others 70 160
TOTAL 1,293 820 760
Clinton River
0.3 10.5
7,920 51,200
10
I ; ; i
5 ^'
5
7,940 51,200
Red Run River
0.1
111,000
280
20
20
111,320
114
-------
TABLE 29. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES - LAKE ST. CLAIR
AUGUST - OCTOBER 1964
Mean numbers per square meter of bottom
ORGANISMS
Tubificidae
Tendipedidae
Pelecypoda
Sphaeriidae
Pisidium
Sphaerium
Unionidae
Anodonta
Fusconaia
Lampsilis
Lasmigona
Hirudinea
Arhynchobdellida
Gl o s s iphonid ae
Helobdella stagnalis
Glossiphonia
Tricladida
Dugesia
Prosobranchia
Amnicola
Bythinia
Goniobasis
Pleurocera
Valvata tricarinata
E-l E-4
190 1710
120 90
40 50
40 40
3
3
3
40
5 10
8
5
20
10
3
5
E-5
290
40
30
10
5
3
3
200
30
3
E- 5a E- 6
120 630
20 100
30 20
50 100
3
3
5
3
5 190
20 100
40
60 60
STATIONS
E-8 E-9 E-10 E-ll
70 60
90 40
30 50
10 50
3
3
3
3
20 80
110
3 5
40 10
430
40
8
5
3
20
5
30
3
40
3
20
300
100
30
140
3
20
10
230
200
90
5
50
40
E-12 E-14 E-15
730 110 50
170 10 360
10
110 60
3
8
3
5 8
5 3
3 5
3
10
10
10 10 50
E-16
80
100
8
20
5
10
3
30
20
50
10
3
8
E-17 E-17a
320 110
60 20
10
90 1510
3
3
5 10
5
20 5
-------
TABLE 29. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES - LAKE ST. CLAIR (cont'd)
AUGUST - OCTOBER 1964
Mean numbers per square meter of bottom
ORGANISMS
\
Pulmonata
Gyraulus
Helisoma
Lymnea
Physa
Isopoda
Asellus militaris
Lirceus lineatus
Amphipoda
Gammarus
Hyallela azteca
Trichoptera
Hydropysche
Leptoceridae
Leptocerus
Molanna
. Neuroclipsis
Phryganea
Psychomyia
Psychomyiidae
Rhyacophilidae
Ephemeroptera
Ephemera
Ephemeridae
Hexagenia
Other s
STATIONS
E-l E-4 E-5 E-5a E-6 E-8 E-9 E-10 E-ll E-12 E-14 E-15 E-16
*
. . ' ' ' ' ' 3
5 20 5 33 5
30 r 3 . 10
8 30 120 10 5 30 . 20 10
3 3 20 90 10 3
5 ; ' '
'.
2340 20 " 540 590 300 150 330 420 2370 220 400 50
230 140 180
3 ' ' .
\ ' ' 5 : ' " '
V 3
. . 5
8
-.-.-. 33
3
3
. ' ' 5
3
3
10 3 90 5 3 5
20 3
3 50 100 170 50 140 70 440 190 40 60
3 10 10 5 60 20
E-17 E-17a
70 60
3
50 5
20
TOTAL
2854 2004 1452 895 1761 752 826 1358 3724 1707 389 1233 495 634 1745
-------
TABLE 30. PHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS - ST. GLAIR RIVER
August-October 1964
Miles
River
39
35
31
26
17
13
11
Above
Mouth
.6
.9
.7
.4
.2
.5
.ON
Depth,
m.
10.0
7
7
7
7
7
3
.0-13
.0-10
.0-11
.0-9.
.0-13
.0-13
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
Bottom Type
Rock,
Clay,
Clay,
Clay,
Clay,
Clay,
Clay,
Transparency m.
gravel
rock,
rock,
sand,
rock
sand,
sand ,
sand,
gravel
gravel
gravel,
gravel
gravel
gravel,
1.5 - 2.5
2.0
1.5 - 2.0
1.2 - 2.0
1.1 - 1.5
1.1 - 2.0
9.7S
,6.0-10.0
silt
Clay, sand, gravel
1.1 - 2.0
117
-------
TABLE 31. PHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS - LAKE ST. CLAIR AND ST. CLAIR RIVER TRIBUTARIES
August-October 1964
00
Miles Above
River Mouth
Black River
0.20
3.00
12.00
Pine River
0.20
4.50
Belle River
0.60
4.00
22.50
Clinton River
0.30
10.50
-
Depth, m.
7.0 - 8.0
0.5
0.5
1.0 - 5.0
1.0
3.0
1.0
1.5
3.0
1.0
Bottom
Ooze
Clay,
Clay,
Clay,
det
Clay,
\ Ooze,
Sand,
Silt,
Ooze,
Sand
Type
silt, sand
silt, sand
silt, sand,
ritus
silt, sand
sand, silt
silt, clay
sand, gravel,
rock
silt
Transparency, m. Remarks
1.5 - 2.5 Petroleum bottom odor
To bottom
To bottom
. . ..*
*"
0.8 - 0.5 Petroleum water odor,
petroleum and sewage
bottom odor
0.5
0.2-0.3 Sewage bottom and water
odor
To bottom
0.5 Sewage water odor
0.3 Sewage bottom odor
Red Run River
0.10
0.8
Sand
0.3
Sewage bottom and water
odor
-------
TABLE 32 . PHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS - LAKE :ST. CLAIR
August - October 1964
Station
E-l
E-4
E-5
E-5a
E-6
E-8
E-9
E-10
E-ll
E-12
.E-14
E-15
E-16
E-17
E-l7a
Depth, tn. Bottom Type Transparency, m.
2.5 - 3.0 Sand
4.0 - 5.0 Clay,
4.0 - 7.0 Sand,
1.7 Sand
5.0 - 6.0 Sand,
silt
3.0 . Sand,
.1.0-1.8 Sand,
1.0 - 3.0 Silt
3.0 Sand,
4.6 - 6.0 Sand,
5.0 Clay,
2.0 - 2.3 Silt
4.0 - 5.0 Clay,
5.0 Clay,
4.5 Sand ,
silt ' . .'
silt
gravel, Clay
silt
gravel
r-, o ,-,
silt
clay, silt
silt
f
silt
r . i f:
silt
silt ;
2.5
1.0 - 1.2
1.5 - 2.0
1.5
1.5 - 2.0
0.9 - 1.5
1.0 - 1.5
1.0 - 1.3
1.1 - 1.5
0.7 - 1.5
1.5
1.0
1.3 - 1.5
1.3 - 1.5
1.5
119
-------
TABLE 33. ST. CLAIR RIVER BOTTOM MUD DEPOSITS DATA
Station No.
SR ION
SR 10S
SR 13.7
SRBE 17.4
SR 17.5
SRPR 25.2
g SRBK 36.5
Clinton R. - P15
Solids
57.4
76.4
61.3
63.4
82.9
56.4
49.5
38.9
Volatile
Solids
5.7
2.7
3.6
5.4
1.9
9.0
8.2
8.6
NH3-N
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.01
0.11
0.12,
0.26
N03+N03-N
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
Org-N
1.66
0.13
0.49
2.35
0.26
1.84
2.24
2.91
Total
P04
0.91
0.15
1.56
1.64
0.21
1.62
1.41
10.00
Total
Iron
4.9
2.8
-
9.1
1.5
5.5
5.3
12.7
COD
25.1
7.7
23.0
36.0
13.0
105.0
119.0
134.0
Sulfides
0.49
0.14
0.28
0.17
0.10
0.36
0.38
2.44
Cu
0.002
*
-
0.003
0.001
0.008
0.026
0.014
Ni
0.001
0.007
-
0.004
0.001
0.006
0.005
0.014
*Not detected at sensitivity of test.
-No sample collected.
NOTE: Concentrations for bottom mud deposits are shown in mg/g.
Concentrations for water samples elsewhere in the report are shown in mg/1,
-------
TABLE 34. LAKE ST. GLAIR BOTTOM MUD DEPOSIT DATA
Station %
No. Solids
E-l
E-4
E-5
E-6
E-8
E-9
E-10
E-ll
E-12
G'E-14
|_t
E-15
E-16
E-17
E-18
H-19
79.3
55.1
60.8
60.2
76.3
80.4
71.1
82,0
72.3
50.8
60.4
72.'7
69.8
76.3
~ r 82.0
% Volatile
.. '.Solids NH3-N
1.2
3.9
3.3
3.2
2.1
1.2
5.0
2.8
3.4
0.8
4.0
3.2
3.7
2.9
--."..7-2.2
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.02
.0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.01
~- ~" 0.03
N03+N02-N
0.004
0.006
0.003
0.003
' 0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.001
0.002
0.004
0.001
(r.OOl
Total
Org-N P04
0.59
1.24
0.66
0.86
0.58
"0.36
0.77
0.41
0.69
0.39
0.89
0.62
0.56
0.64 '--..
" 0\73
0.60
0.93
0.62
0.16
0.78
0.40
0.76
0.40
0.74
1.34
0.93
0.74
0.74
0.60
0.32
Total
Iron
2.0
6.3
5.6
3.4
4.6
3.5
2.6
3.9
1.8
7.2
11.3
4.3
5.4
4.0
2.4
COD
8.6
35.0
30.0
30.0
20.0
15^0
31.0
17.0
90.0
43.0
33:j)v
25^0,
30.0
25.0
5.4
Sulfides
. . 0.12
0.09
0.36
0.08
0.14
0.32
0.20
.. 0.10
- 0.19
0.15
.... 0.34
0.22
6.16
0.13
0.13
Cu
*
0.001
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.002
* .
":.Ni
0.001
0/007
0.006
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.008
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.001
*Not detected at sensitivity of test.
NOTE: Concentrations for bottom mud deposits are shown in mg/g. ;
Concentrations for water samples elsewhere in the report are shown in mg/1.
------- |