United States Office of Information August 1984
Environmental Protection Resources Management EPA 200-02-84-003
Agency Washington DC 20460 PB 84-217769
&EPA Chemical
Information Systems:
A Government Panel
Review
-------
CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS:
A GOVERNMENT PANEL REVIEW
Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Information Resources Management
August 1984
EPA 200-02-84-003
PB 84-217769
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Executive Summary ii
Chemical Information System 1
Statement of the Problem 5
Findings of Government Panel 7
Government Panel Recommendations 10
FIGURES:
1. Present CIS Processing Flow 2
2. Data Base Integration through SANNS 3
3. Present CIS Functions and Responsibilities 4
APPENDIX:
A. Ad Hoc Government Panel on CIS 11
B. Purpose For, and Charge to, the Government Panel 13
C. Life Systems, Inc. Executive Summary 15
D. Life Systems, Inc. List of Participants 17
E. Agency Data Base Review 18
F. Bibliography on Chemical Information System (CIS) 19
-------
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Government Representatives were requested by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) to assemble as a panel of experts to review
and discuss the Chemical Information System (CIS) and to make
recommendations to EPA regarding the future direction of the system.
All members of the panel represented agencies that have a direct
interest in utilizing or supplying chemical information, or in the
computer systems that facilitate access to, and the use of, infor-
mation and data.
Concurrently, a Blue Ribbon Panel from the private sector was
also convened by EPA to study and make recommendations on CIS.
This panel's report was reviewed by the Government Panel before it
made its final recommendations to EPA. The report of the Blue
Ribbon Panel is entitled: The Chemical Information System: A Blue
Ribbon Panel Review, and is available from the National Technical
Information Service, order number PB 84-217777.
In addition to reviewing the Blue Ribbon Panel report, the
Government Panel was specifically asked to examine the following:
• purpose of, and present and future need for, the system
• present ability of the system to meet this need
• funding levels and sources
Moreover, the Panel was asked to make recommendations on
responsibility for management of the system.
After reviewing materials provided by EPA and meeting in three
separate sessions, the Panel concluded that the Government should
not continue to bear complete responsibility for the operation
of CIS. It recommended to EPA that the system and/or its com-
ponent parts be turned over to the private sector (meaning non-
government) as soon as practical, with the Government retaining
responsibility for the data it supplies to the system.
The Panel further recommended that another Government Agency
be identified to represent Federal interests in issues related to
chemical information, both data and specialized computer software.
It recommended that the selected Agency be one that would represent
the broadest possible scope of interest in computer-based chemical
information systems.
11
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CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS)
Lacking a general government policy for chemical information,
Federal Government agencies still have a need for chemical data to
support their activities in scientific review and analysis,
policy-making, research and development, and regulation in such
areas as the environment, public health and safety, food and
nutrition, occupational health and safety, and consumer product
safety. Government Agencies have recognized that it is in the
public interest to disseminate chemical information collected or
generated by the Government to all individuals and organizations
that have a need for it, including other Government bodies,
universities, research institutions, and private sector organiza-
tions. Such data sharing increases efficiency by reducing duplica-
tion in data gathering and maintenance, and also improves data
quality by providing more opportunities for expert review of data.
Some of these data needs have been satisfied through the
CIS managed by the EPA. The system has been sponsored by the EPA,
The National Institutes of Health, The National Bureau of Standards,
The Food and Drug Administration, and the Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
This computer-based information system is composed of chemical
data bases, some of which are Government-collected or -generated,
and data analysis computer programs. The system contains numeric
data in the areas of toxicology, environment, spectroscopy, chemical
and physical properties, and allows for structure, substructure and
full or partial name searching on over 300,000 unique chemical
substances.
CIS is a very complex system. It is not the purpose of this
report to provide a full description of the system. However, an
overview of the system and its operation can be depicted in the
three figures that follow. Figure 1 reflects the processing flow
of the system and identifies major system elements. Figure 2
reflects the concept of data base integration through the Chem-
ical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number and the Structure and
Nonenclature Search System (SANSS) process. Figure 3 reflects the
system functions and the organizations assigned responsisibility
for each function.
Additional information on the total system is available in
various reports and papers produced in the last few years. A
bibliography of the most pertinent publications is included in
appendix F.
-1-
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PRESENT CIS PROCESSING FLOW
H
o
i a
NJ W
ON-LINE CIS
DATA BASES
AND PROGRAMS
3S5JEPff3SSEft?frffi i 1^^
.; USER =;
I ACCESS :
CHEMICAL
CATALOGS,
LISTS, AND
OTHER
REFERENCES
SANSS
MAINTENANCE
(IBM 370/
NCC)
CHEMICAL
COLLECTIONS
CIS
CHEMICAL
REGISTRATION
PROCESS
HARD COPY
AND GRAPHIC
OUTPUTS
TAPE OF
CHEMICALS
FOR CAS
REGISTRY
CAS
GISTRY
NUMBERS
DATA BASE
DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS
(Multiple
Computers)
CAS CHEMICAL
REGISTRATION
PROCESS
- On-line Searches
- On-line Queries
- On-line Displays
- Requests for
Hard Copy Output
References
Chemical Structure
& Identification Data
Numerical Data
Analytical Data and Results
-------
I
LO
I
c
STRUCTURE
( SUBSTRUCTURE
FIGURE 2
(STRUCTURE
CODES ^
(COMPOUND
NAME v
(MOLECULAR
WEIGHT
/^MOLECULAR
( FORMULA
SANSS
COLLECTIONS
CAS
REGISTRY
NUMBER
a
PJ
rt
Oi
w
a>
en
(D
rt
(D
0)
rt
H-
O
O
d
en
§
2!
-------
PRESENT CSS FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIB5LITES
EPA
NIH
NCI
FDA
CPSC
NBS
NIOSH
DATA AND DATA
BASE
DEVELOPMENT
CIS MANAGEMENT
AND
ADMINISTRATION
(EPA)
CIS
MANAGEMENT
BOARD
- NBS
- FDA
- NIH
- CPSC
- NCI
H
O
G
U)
PROJECT, FINAN-
CIAL, AND CON-
TRACT MANAGEMENT
PLANNING AND
EVALUATION
PROJECT
FUNDING AND
SPONSORSHIP
EPA
Project Consultants:
• Planning Analysis
Corporation (PAC)
• L. Gevantman
• Life Systems, Inc.
DATA
PROCESSING/
TIMESHARING
SERVICES
DATA BASE AND
SOFTWARE
IMPLEMENTATION
AND
MAINTENANCE
EPA
FMA
American Management
Systems, Inc.t
(AMS)
ACCOUNT
MANAGEMENT
AND BILLING
EPA
NTIS
CSC
- FMA
- AMS
EPA
NIH
NCI
- FDA
- CPSC
- NBS
- EPA
- Fein-Maroruart
Associates (FMA)
~ Others
USER
SUPPORT
Government Sponsoring/Supporting Agencies:
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
- National Bureau of Standards (NBS)
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
- EPA
- Computer Sciences
Corporation (CSC)
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STATEMENT OP THE PROBLEM
The EPA, in its role as the Government manager of the CIS,
has experienced increasing difficulties in monitoring the
operation of the system. In an effort to overcome the diffi-
culties and correct problems, EPA initiated a full review of
the system late in 1983. The first task undertaken was to
identify major overriding and crosscutting problems. Among
those identified were:
• Lack of well-defined goals and objectives for
the system - no clear conceptual framework
• Collaborative efforts and funding by several
agencies leading to problems such as:
- inability to assess true utility of system functions
- lack of clear responsibility for ensuring accomplish-
ment of tasks
- difficulty exercising financial control
• Lack of well-defined and well-documented procedures for
financial management, contracts management, data manage-
ment and software development:
- limited management resources available relative to number
of contractor staff and dollar value of project - span of
control problem
- lack of adequate management information to support decision-
making
• Large and increasing funding burden placed on EPA
• Lack of system flexibility, preventing needed changes to the
system
• Lack of software documentation
• Growing user problems with the system
• Focus of EPA on toxic chemicals
-5-
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Having identified these problems, it was evident to EPA that
corrective action was necessary. While some actions were taken
independently by EPA, others required the involvement of, or
coordination with, other agencies. While not all inclusive or in
any particular sequence, the following actions were taken by EPA:
• Requested full Office of the Inspector General audit of
the system
• Reduced all contract activities to the absolute
minimum pending resolution of the most critical problems
• Began a project to define and document procedures and con
trols for CIS financial management.
• Began audits of the data and data bases in late January
• Solicited offers of interest, from the private sector, to
operate CIS.
• Began discussions with collaborating agencies' budget and
information resources management (IRM) officials to tell
them of CIS problems.
• Organized and conducted Government and private sector re-
views of CIS.
This last action led to the establishment of the Government
Panel to review the CIS and to make recommendations to EPA on
further actions to be taken. See Appendix A for membership listing
of the Government Panel, and Appendix B for the purpose of, and
charge to, the Government Panel.
-6-
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FINDINGS OP GOVERNMENT PANEL
The Government Panel held formal meetings on April 16, June 5,
and July 13, 1984. The Honorable A. Alan Hill and Dr. Arthur P.
Pindeis served as Co-chairmen of the Panel. All meetings were well
attended by either the principal or the alternate representative of
the agencies, each of whom was knowledgeable regarding the CIS.
Documentation on the CIS was provided by EPA and previous studies
of the system were made available.
While it would not be practical to attempt to report the details
of eight hours of intense discussions in a summary paper, the outcome
of these discussions registered concerns which centered around the
very need for the system and its operation. A number of other
important questions were raised by the Panel:
• Are all the data bases included in CIS necessary?
The large amount of data included in the system
contributes significantly to the operating cost.
• Should CIS include only data bases from those
agencies who would agree to provide funding for a
specified period of time?
• Should CIS contain only data bases that are updated on a
regular schedule?
• Should CIS consist of only those data bases that
could be linked to other data bases in the system?
• Can the quality of data be improved in the present CIS?
• Should CIS contain only Government-generated data bases?
If not, how should private sector data bases be selected
for inclusion?
• How important is it that data bases co-reside in a single
system for the purposes of cross-file searching (i.e.,
through a SANSS-like capability)?
• Does the private sector have the capability to operate
a CIS-like service?
• Is the current CIS software adequate for present and future
needs?
• If the system is to be operated by the Government, which
agency should serve as the lead agency?
-7-
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• Does CIS meet the needs of participating agencies?
• Does the Government require the data in, and the
processing capabilities of, CIS, to perform its mandated
missions?
A poll of each Agency which provides data to CIS was conducted
to determine whether its data bases (1) must be a part of CIS, (2)
are preferable as a part of CIS, or (3) could be dropped from CIS.
The results, included in Appendix E, reflect some need to reduce
the present data base inventory.
The Panel concluded that, based on responses to the EPA's
Commerce Business Daily notice, private sector organizations are
capable of implementing a system comparable to CIS. Whether or not
a private sector organization would be interested in implementing
such a system depends on the answers to the following questions:
(1) What is the potential market and revenue for a CIS?
(2) Would the government be in competition with the private
sector by continuing operation of CIS?
(3) What assurances would the private sector have for on-going
availability of accurate data sources for the Government-sponsored
data bases?
The Panel concluded that, once these questions were answered to
the satisfaction of the private sector, one or more organizations
would implement all or pieces of a system similar to CIS.
The Panel members felt strongly that any Government agency
requiring little-used, non self-supporting data bases must operate
them for their own use or must assume the costs to the private
sector of loading and maintaining these data bases. Self-supporting,
in this context, means that the revenue derived from user fees
offsets operating costs.
As a result of its study and deliberations, the Panel
found that:
o It is important to separate the task of gathering and
analyzing data from the task of distributing the data.
The Government has a responsibility to collect and
validate its data, but operation of an on-line system,
such as CIS, is not an inherent government responsibility.
-8-
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• Most Panel members reported the existence of alternate sources
for access to the data now provided to CIS by their agencies.
However, in some instances, users determined their answers by
combining various CIS data bases in their queries.
• CIS files and software have not been up-dated on a regular
basis, creating a situation not easily corrected in the present
system at a reasonable cost. CIS is a twelve year old system
whose original unique features have been surpassed by
rapidly moving technical developments in the handling of
chemical data.
• The SANSS linkage across the various components in CIS is a
unique and valuable characteristic of the system. Some
members speculated that it might be five years before this
functionality would exist in another system; others thought
it would be available in much less time.
« Lacking policies on the quality and timeliness of information,
many of the files in CIS contain inaccurate and badly out-of-
date information.
« The expertise to effectively market the system is more easily
available in the private sector.
o The computer hardware environment currently being used for CIS
may no.t be supported by the manufacturer in the future.
o Some of the CIS files should not be maintained.
« The offers EPA had received from private sector organizations
expressing an interest in operating CIS or a replacement for
CIS confirmed the Panel's view that the capability to support
a chemical information system presently exists in the private
sector.
• A Systems Administrator and a Data Base Administrator, both
with adequate supporting staff, would be required for EPA or
any other Agency to properly manage CIS. Also, an advisory
committee of technical experts would be needed. Finally, it
would require identified funding sources to ensure economic
viability to develop and implement both a short- and long-range
plan for CIS.
• The findings and recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Panel
Report were consistent with those of the Government Panel,
with generally the same basic conclusions. Specific objections
related to the inconsistencies in recommending that CIS be
transferred to the private sector and at the same time recom-
mending continued Government responsibility.
• The Panel concluded that little or no additional funding
could be raised by the other current sponsors to replace
the funding level now contributed by EPA.
-9-
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GOVERNMENT PANEL RECOMMENDATIONS
The Government Panel Recommends To EPA:
1. That EPA turn CIS over to the private sector as soon as
practical.
2. That the Blue Ribbon Panel Report is acceptable in principle
with the following specific differences:
• The Government Panel makes a clear distinction between
data development and data distribution responsibilities.
• The Government Panel disagrees with the conclusion that
"the Government must continue to be responsible for assur-
ing the existance of a publicly available system supplying
chemical information".
3. That another agency administer the CIS activity until a
final non-Government organization take-over is accomplished.
It is recognized that adequate resources must be made available
by EPA and other sponsoring agencies to ensure the viability
and integrity of the system during the transition period.
4. That EPA make immediate contact with other sponsoring agencies
to determine possible estimates of future financial support of
a chemical information system.
5. That the above recomendations are all contingent upon a rational
financial plan to support such a transfer in an orderly and
responsible manner.
The Panel suggests that EPA involve the representatives of the
sponsoring agencies, as well as others with major interest and
responsibilities in chemical information, in the implementation of
these recommendations.
-10-
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Appendix A
AD HOC GOVERNMENT PANEL ON CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Co-Chairmen;
Honorable A. Alan Hill
Chairman
Council of Environmental Quality
726 Jackson Place, N. W.
Washington, D. C. 20503
Dr. Arthur P. Pindeis
Director
Chemistry Division
National Science Foundation
1800 G Street, Northwest
Washington, D.C. 20550
Members;
Dr. David R. Lide, Jr.
Director
Standard Reference Data Office
National Bureau of Standards
Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
Dr. Joseph Caponio
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22161
Dr. Raymond E. Shapiro
National Institute for
Environmental Health Sciences
Post Office Box 12233
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Dr. William P. Raub
Deputy Director
Extramural Research and Training
National Institutes of Health
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20205
LTJG. John Farthing
Commandant (G-WER)
U.S. Coast Guard
Washington, D. C. 20593
Mr. Francis McDonough
Deputy Assistant Administrator
Information Resources Management
General Services Administration
18th arid P Street, Northwest
Washington, D. C. 20405
-11-
Alternate:
Dr. Sherman Fivozinsky
Alternate:
Dr. Joseph Clark
27709
Alternate:
Mr. John J. Landers
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AD HOC GOVERNMENT PANEL ON CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Members;
Dr. Henry Kissman
Associate Director
Specialized Information Services
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20209
Dr. Peter Preuss
Associate Director
Health Sciences
Consumer Product Safety Commission
5401 Westbard Avenue
Bethesda, Maryland 20207
Mr. Carlos Tellez
Office of Management and Budget
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs
726 Jackson Place, N.W.
Room 3228, NEOB
Washington, D. C. 20503
Dr. Maurice Weeks
Commander U. S. Army
Environment Hygiene Agency
Attn: HP HS-OT
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010
Mr. Lawrence Dusold
Senior Chemist/Computer Specialist
Center for Pood Safety and Applied Nutrition
Pood and Drug Administration
200 C Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20204
Alternate:
Mr. Patrick Shannon
-12-
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Appendix B
PURPOSE FOR AND CHARGE TO THE GOVERNMENT PANEL
After careful consideration of options available to review the
Chemical Information System, EPA decided to assemble a Panel of Gov-
ernment Representatives to assist in the task. Panel members were
selected from a wide variety of agencies having an interest in the
6
System. The charge to Panel members was given to each member prior
to the first meeting.
Charge to Government Panel Members
.. The Environmental Protection Agency considers data
that impact health and environmental risk assessment
of paramount importance. Over the past several years
it has developed and supported a number of systems
which provide chemical and other data in support of
its missions. One of the systems is the Chemical In-
formation System (CIS), a visible government activity
in the area of chemical data handling. CIS is a col-
lection of chemical data bases as well as data analy-
sis computer programs. It contains numeric data in
the areas of toxicology, environment, spectroscopy,
chemical and physical properties, and allows for
structure, substructure and full or partial name
searching on over 300,000 unique chemical substances.
As the CIS has grown in size, cost, and complexity,
the Agency wants to examine the need for such a system
for the Agency as well as other governmental agencies.
To this end the Agency is initiating a number of manage-
ment actions to ensure the best use of its resources in
continuing support of a chemical information system.
As government experts representing those agencies with
an interest in Chemical Information you are being asked
to review the present CIS system with emphasis on Gov-
ernment's need and responsibility for such a system.
Most importantly, after reviewing the materials pro-
vided, you are asked to:
-13-
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Review the purpose of, and need for, the system
Review its present ability to meet this purpose
Review the future need for the system
Review its funding levels and sources
Make recommendations concerning the responsibility
for the management of the system.
You are also asked to provide input to the outside Blue
Ribbon Panel of Experts as appropriate and to review its
draft report. Recommendations from the panel should
define the future course of CIS activities for the
Government Agencies.
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Jdfe Systents. Jnc
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Chemical Information System (CIS) was initiated in 1971 by the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Institutes of Health
(NIH). The CIS provides chemical information through computerized data bases
to government agencies and the public. At the request of the EPA Office of
Information Resources Management (OIRM), ICAIR (Interdisciplinary Consulting
and Information Research) of Life Systems, Inc. assembled a panel of nine
experts to review CIS. The panel met at a symposium on June 11-13, 1984 to
make recommendations for technical, financial and managerial improvements for
CIS. The panel included experts in the following fields: chemistry,
toxicology, numerical data, environmental and information science.
Overall, the panel concluded that CIS as a concept has considerable inherent
value, however, improvements are necessary before CIS could serve the
significant need for a high quality, integrated, scientific and technical
chemical information system.
The panel reached unanimity of opinion on seven major topics: CIS purpose,
capabilities, management problems, steps to become self-supporting, potential
self-supporting files, government responsibilities and the management
structure cost appropriate for CIS. Briefly, the specific recommendations or
consensus statements developed by the panel are as follows:
• After reviewing the demands for chemical information, the panel
concluded that "...there is a need for a high quality, integrated
scientific and technical system that is widely and easily accessible
with manipulation and modeling capabilities."
The panel was informed by EPA that the original purpose of CIS (to
provide mass spectral data) had never been formally revised, and that
a more appropriate purpose was needed for the current system.
Therefore, the panel proposed that "the purpose of CIS is to be an
integrated system of chemical data (including both qualitative and
quantitative data) which serves the needs of governmental agencies and
the public for data on environmental and health effects and
characteristic properties of chemical substances." The panel
recommended that this purpose be adopted and serve as the focus for a
new management strategy.
• The panel concluded that existing CIS capabilities and characteristics
are inadequate to meet what they perceived are the demands for
chemical information. Lack of consistency in mnemonics, terminology,
educational and training materials highlight a list of deficiencies
which reduce the effectiveness of CIS. However, the panel noted that
the directory capability achieved by the Structure and Nomenclature
Search System (SANSS) and the numeric data bases in CIS are
exceptional.
• The panel .judged that CIS data base selection, implementation and
maintenance, systems standards, quality control, policy-caking,
management resources and public awareness are inadequate. Data base
selection, implementation and public awareness of CIS require the most
improvement.
-15-
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£ife Systems. Jnc
• The panel concluded that CIS should not be required to become entirely
self-supporting. Underutilized, but valuable data bases will need
continued government support. However, many steps can and should be
taken to make CIS more self-supporting than at present. These steps
include: retrieval of more costs from users, improvement in
operating efficiency, and increased utilization of the system.
• Although the panel agreed that all high use files presently on CIS
could now be self-supporting if transferred to the private sector,
such fragmentation of CIS as a system would have a detrimental impact
to the ascribed purpose of providing an integrated system. As long as
CIS can be improved to meet the specifications developed by the panel,
high use files should not be separated. This does not preclude
concurrent availability of high use files in the private sector which
might be a source of additional revenue to CIS.
• In the panel's view, the government must-continue to be responsible
for assuring the existence of a publicly available system supplying
chemical information. This responsibility should be implemented
through a new management strategy capable of correcting the major
problems and enhancing the ability of CIS to serve its purpose.
• The panel concluded with a recornrendation that a more appropriate
management concept for CIS be adopted. The panel's recommendation for
this concept consists of a management role for the government and a
separate implementation role. For the management role within the
government the panel recommended EPA, the National Library of Medicine
(NLM) or the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), in that order of
preference. The panel recommended NLM, a professional society, or a
private data base vendor as viable candidates for the implementation
role. As second choices, but also viable candidates, the panel
recommended a privately operated government laboratory or a private
research institute.
-16-
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Appendix D
JCife Systems, Jnc.
APPENDIX 1
TR-576-42B
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
REVIEW OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM SYMPOSIUM
Panelists;
Dr. William Bailey
Department of Chemistry
University of Maryland
College Park, MD 20742
Dr. Edward Bartkus
Executive Information Management
507 Falkirk Road
Wilmington, DE 19803
Dr. Trudi Bellardo '
College of Library and
Information Science
University of Kentucky
Lexington', KY 40506-0027
Dr. James Brower
CACPH, Bldg. 535A
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Upton, Long Island, NY 11973
Ms. Linda Greer
Environmental Defense Fund
1525 18th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
Dr. Warren Muir
4158 South 36th Street
Arlington, VA 22206
Mrs. Edna Paulson
National Research Council
Toxicology Research Center
2101 Constitution Avenue
Washington, DC 20418
Dr. Alberta Ross
Radiation Laboratory
University of Notre Dame
Notre Dame, IN 46556
Mrs. Lynda Wiseman
Celanese Corporation
1211 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10036
(a) Designated alternate spokesperson for the panel.
(b) Designated spokesperson for the panel.
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Appendix E
AGENCY DATA BASE REVIEW
The Government Panel requested EPA to obtain specific information on
each of the data bases included in CIS. Sponsoring agencies were
asked to answer ten questions. Results are reflected below:
CIS AGENCY DATA BASE REVIEW
DATA BASE
1. Arthur
2. FRSS
3. CTCP
(FDA)
H . MSSS
(FDA)
5. CTCP
SANSS
Desirable
Y
Y
Y
(CPSC)
6. MSSS
( NBS )
7. Thermo
8. Xtal
9. CRYST
10. CNMR
11. NMRLIT
12. MLAB
13. CLAB
11. CCRIS
15. OHMTADS
16. EPACASR
17. IPIS
18. SPHERE
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Reside
w/other
files on
CIS
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N '
N
N
N
. N
Y
N
N
Y
On
Line
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
24
Hour
Day
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Up-Dated
by
Sponsors
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Up-Dated
by
Other
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
of value
If not
Uo-Dated
Y
Y
.Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Available
elsewhere
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Would
sponsor
make
available
Drop
f rcra
CIS
if no CIS!
H
II
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
>J
N
n
V
N
N
N
N
Temp
Tenp
Y
Y
Y
:i
•<
s
N
-18-
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Appendix F
BIBLIOGRAPHY ON CIS
A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO NON-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE SEARCHING
ROCKE, HANNS J. : AND OTHERS
CALIFORNIA UNIV; DAVIS. UNIV. LIBRARY
1982 120P.;PAPERS ORIGINALLY PRESENTED TO THE DAVIS REFERENCE
SERVICES GROUP.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR (S):MILNE, G.W.A.
LOCATION: INFORM.TECHNOL.BRANCH,NATL. CANCER INST.,BETHESDA,MD,
20205,USA
JOURNAL: J.ASSOC.OFF.ANAL.CHEM. DATE:1982 VOLUME:65 NUMBER; 5
PAGE: 1249-58
THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF A CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S): HELLER, S.R.
LOCATION: EPA, WASHINGTON, D.C.USA
JOURNAL: STUD. PHYS. THEOR. CHEM. DATE: 1981 VOLUME: 16 NUMBER:DATA
PROCESS. CHEM. PAGES:164-85
ENVIRONMENTAL USES OF THE NIH-EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHORS (S):MILNE, G.W.A.-.FISK, C.L.:HELLER, STEPHEN R.:POTENZONE
RUDOLPH, JR.
LOCATION: NATL. CANCER INST., BETHESDA, MD,20205,USA
JOURNAL: SCIENCE (WASHINGTON, D.C., 1883-)DATE: 1982 VOLUME:215
NUMBER:4531 PAGES: 371-5
CREATION AND CAPABILILITIES OF COMPUTERIZED DATA BANKS CONTAINING
INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL STRUCTURES AND PROTEINS
AUTHOR(S):HELLER, S.R.:MILNE,G.W.A.
LOCATION: EPA,WASHINGTON, DC,20460,USA
JOURNAL:CODATA BULL.DATE:1981 VOLUME:40 PAGE:41-4
THE NIH-EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM(CIS)
AUTHOR(S):HELLER, S.R.:MILNE,G.W.A.
LOCATION: EPA,WASHINGTON,DC,20460,USA
JOURNAL: PROC.INT.CODATA CONF.DATE:1981 VOLUME:7TH NUMBER:DATA
SCI. TECHNOL. PAGES:343-6
CIS, ON SEARCHING FOR NUMERICAL FACTS
AUTHOR(S):DIJS, C.M.
LOCATION: NETH.
JOURNAL:CHEM.MAG.(THE HAGUE) DATE 1981 NUMBER: JUNE PAGES: 349-50
AUTHORS(S): HELLER, STEPHEN R.; MILNE, GEORGE W.A.
THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S): MILNE, G.W.A.:HELLER, S.R.:HELLER.R.S.;MARTINSEN,D.
P.
LOCATION: ADV. MASS SPECTROM. DATE 1980 VOLUME:8B,PAGES:1578-81
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THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR (S): MILNE,G.W.A.:HELLER,S.R.
LOCATION: NIH, BETHESDA,MD,20502,USA
JOURNAL:J.CHEM.INF.COMPUT.SCI.DATE: 1980 VOLUME:20 NUMBER:4
PAGES: 204-11
CIS SYSTEMS FOR RETRIEVAL OF DATA ON CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES SAFETY
AUTHOR(S): ANON
LOCATION: JAPAN
JOURNAL: SUMITOMO KAGAKU TOKUSHUGO DATE: 1980 VOLUME:20 NUMBER:4
THE NHI/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN SUPPORT OF STRUCTURE
ELUCIDATION
AUTHOR(S): HELLER, STEPHEN R.,-MILNE, GEORGE W.A.
LOCATION: ENVIRO.PROT. AGENCY,WASHINGTON,DC,20460,USA
JOURNAL: ANAL.CHIM. ACTA DATE: 1980 VOLUME: 122 NUMBER:2 PAGES:117-38
THE NIH EPA/CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR (S):HELLER,STEPHEN R.;MILNE,G.W.A.
LOCATION :ENVIRO.PROT. AGENCY,WASHINGTON, DC,20460,USA
JOURNAL:ENVIRO.SCI. TECHNOL. DATE: 1979 VOLUME:13 NUMBER:?
PAGES: 798-803
THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S): HELLER, STEPHEN R.;MILNE,G.W.A.
LOCATION:EPA, WASHINGTON,D.C.
JOURNAL: ACS SYMP. SER. DATE:1978 VOLUME:84 NUMBER:RETR. MED.CHEM.
INF. PAGES: 144-67
PROCESS OF THE MSDC-NIH-EPA MASS SPECTRAL SEARCH SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S):HELLER, S.R.;HELLER,R.S.;MCCORMICK, A.; MAXWELL,D.C.;
MILNE, G.W.A.
LOCATION: EPA, WASHINGTON, D.C.
JOURNAL: ADV. MASS SPECTROM. DATE:1978 VOLUME: 7B, PAGES:985-8
INTERNATONAL ASPECTS OF THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEM
(ENGLISH)
HELLER SR; MILNE GW
US EPA/WASHINGTON//DC/20460;NHLBI/BETHESDA//MD/20014
THE NIH-EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S): MILNE, G.W.A.; HELLER, S.R.
LOCATION: NIH, BETHESDA, MD.
JOURNAL: ACS SYMP. SER. DATE:1977 VOLUME:54 NUMBER: OCMPUT.
NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (ENGLISH)
HELLER SR
US EPA, OFF PLANNING & MANAGEMENT/WASHINGTON/DC/20460
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, V53, N14, P580, 1981
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LINKING SCIENTIFIC DATABASES- THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTHOR(S): HELLER, STEPHEN R.;MILNE, GEORGE W.A.
LOCATION:ENVIRON.PROT.AGENCY, WASHINGTON,DC, 20460 USA
JOURNAL: ONLINE (WESTON, CONN.) DATE:1980 VOLUME: NUMBER:4
PAGES 45-57
GROWING APPLICATIONS OF THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION- SYSTEM TO
PROMBLEMS OF CHEMIAL HEALTH AND SAFTEY (ENGLISH)
FEIN AE; MILNE GWA; ALFORD AL;WRIGHT J
FEIN MARQUART ASSOCIATES/BALTIMORE//MD/21212; NIH/BETHESA//MD/20205;US
EPA/ATHENS//GA/30650;US EPA/WASHINGTON//DC/20460
ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY ,V179, MAR, Pll,
1980
NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEM (ENGLISH)
MILNE GWA; HELLER SR
NIH/BETHESDA//MD/20205; US EPA WASHINGTON//DC/20460
1979
ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, V1979, SEP, P37
REGISTRY PROCESSING OF COLLECTIONS OF CHEMICAL-COMPOUNDS FOR ENTRY INT<
NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEM DATA-BASE (ENGLISH)
HELLER SR; MILNE GWA; MILLER JA
US EPA/WASHINGTON//DC/20460; NIH/BETHESDA//MD/ 20014; FEIN MARQUART
ASSOC/BALTIMORE//MD/21212
ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, V1979,APR,P57-57
1979
NUMERIC DATA-BASES OF THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM(ENGLISH)
MILNE GWA; HELLER SR
NHLBI/BETHESDA//MD/20014;US EPA/WASHINGTON// DC/20460
ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, V1979,APR, P35-3
1979
USE OF THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEM IN SUPPORT OF THE
TOXIC-SUBSTANCES CONTROL-ACT (ENGLISH)
HELLER SR: MILNE GWA
US EPA/WASHINGTON/DC/20460;NIH/BETHESDA/MD/20014
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES, V1979, N94, P255-280, 1979.
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