EPA-450/3-74-056-f
JUNE 1974
HACKENSACK MEADOWLANDS
AIR POLLUTION STUDY
AQUIP SOFTWARE SYSTEM
USER'S MANUAL
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
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EPA-450/3-74-056-F
HACKENSACK MEADOWLAISDS
AIR POLLUTION STUDY -
AQUIP SOFTWARE SYSTEM
USER'S MANUAL
by
Edward C. Reifenstein III, Robert J. Horn III,
and Michael J . Keefe
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.
429 Marrett Road
Lexington, Massachusetts 02173
Contract No. EHSD 71-39
Prepared for
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, N. C. 27711
June 1974
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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report technical
data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are available free of
charge to Federal employees, current contractors and grantees, and nonprofit
organizations—as supplies permit—from the Air Pollution Technical Information
Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina 27711; or, for a fee, from the National Technical Information Service,
5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by the Environ-
mental Research and Technology, Inc. , in fulfillment of Contract No. EHSD 71-39.
The contents of this report are reproduced herein as received from the Environ-
mental Research and Technology, Inc. The opinions, findings, and conclusions
expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Environmental
Protection Agency. Mention of company or product names is not to be considered
as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Publication No. EPA-450/3-74-056-f
11
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PREFACE
The Hackensack Meadowlands Air Pollution Study final report consists
of a summary report, 5 task reports, and 3 appendices, each bound separately.
This report is the fifth of the 5 task reports. Its purpose is to describe
the operational characteristics and requirements of the AQUIP software
system developed and implemented in the course of this study. The report
assumes familiarity with the methodologies described in the first two task
reports of the study -- those of emissions projection and air pollution
prediction -- and thus concentrates on procedures for using the software
components of the system. Supplementary material for this report consists
of the FORTRAN IV source listings of the computer programs as implemented.
This material is contained in Appendix C of the study.
111
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The work upon which this report is based was performed pursuant to
Contract No. EHSD-71-39 with the Environmental Protection .Agency, and
Contract No. IP-290 with the New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection.
The authors wish to thank the Data Processing personnel of the New
Jersey Department of Health, and the New Jersey Department of Transporta-
tion, for their assistance in the implementation of the AQUIP System. In
particular, the efforts of Bruce Jones, Charles Fleischer, and Peter Fahey
of the Department of Health and Paul Cranmer and Tom Taylor of the Department
of Transportation are greatly appreciated. .
IV
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi
LIST OF TABLES xiv
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Overview of the Aquip System , 1
1.1.1 Planning Inputs 5
1.1.2 Preparation of Direct Emissions Data 6
1.1.3 Air Quality Prediction Model 7
1.1.4 Air Quality Impact Model 13
1.2 Elements of the AQUIP System 18
1.2.1 System Input Data Sets 18
1.2.2 Model Parameter Data Sets 18
1.2.3 Computer Programs x 19
1.2.4 Computed Data Sets 20
1.2.5 System Outputs 21
1.3 System Design Philosophy 21
1.3.1 Organization of Program Input 22
1.3.2 Keyword Package Formats 25
1.3.3 'PARAMETERS' Package 27
1.3.4 'COMMENTS' Package 30
1.3.5 'ENDJOB1 Keyword Card 31
1.3.6 Nested Card Data Sets 31
1.3.7 Optional Data Sets from Card-Image Files 31
1.3.8 Numbered Error Messages 35
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TABLE OF CONTENTS, contd.
Page
1.3.9 User-Written Subroutines FLEXIN and COMP . 35
1.4 Summary of Program Requirements • 38
1.5 System Run-Log 3.8
1.5.1 Run-Log Initialization . . 40
1.5.2 Output-Formatting Routines Page and Lines 41
1.6 Principles of Data Flow .42
1.7 Program Test Cases . . 43
2. LAND-USE DATA TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM (LANTRAN) . 47
2.1 Introduction . 47
2.1.1 Allocation Modes , , 48
2.1.2 Keyword Package Summary 52
2.1.3 Program Output 55
2.2 Keyword Packages . 56
2.2.1 PARAMETERS 56
2.2.2 FIGURES 58
2.2.3 POINTS 60
2.2.4 VALUES 60
2.2.5 GRID . . 62
2.2.6 ACTIVITIES . 63
2.2.7 ALLOCATION 65
2.2.8 OUTPUT . . 70
2.2.9 CLEAR . . 71
2.3 AQUIP System Implementation 71
2.3.1 LANTRAN COMPUTATION Routines for AQUIP 71
VI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS, contd.
Page
2.3.2 Data Flow for Emissions Preparation 118
2.3.3 Data Flow for Impact Analysis 124
2.3.4 Data Flow for Conversion of MARTIK Output 128
2.3.5 Parameters for the Hackensack Meadowlands 131
2.3.6 LANTRAN and the Planning Process N132
2.4 Numbered Error Messages 134
2.5 Test Cases 137
3. MARTIN-TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM (MARTIK) 219
3.1.Program Description 219
3.1.1 Introduction 219
3,1.2 Summary Description of the Model 219
3.1.3 Special Features of the ERT Model 222
3.1.4 Keyword Package Summary 223
3.1.5 Program Output 227
3.2 Keyword Packages 227
3.2.1 PARAMETERS 227
3.2.2 POINTS 233
3.2.3 RCAL 234
3.2.4 VALUES 235
3.2.5 METD 236
3.2.6 MSG 237
3.2.7 SRCE 238
3.2.8 RCON 242
3.3 AQUIP System Implementation 243
3.3.1 COMPUTE Routines 243
VII
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TABLE OF CONTENTS, contd.
Page
3.3.2 Data Flow, Diffusion Analysis 246
3.3.3 Parameters for the Hackensack Meadowlands Study 249
3.3.4 Data Set Descriptions 252
3.3.5 MARTIK and the Planning Process 255
3.3.6 Estimation of Running Times 259
3.4 Numbered Error Messages 262
3.5 MARTIK Test Cases 264
3.5.1 MARTIK Test Case 1 264
3.5.2 MARTIK Test Case 2 268
3.5.3 MARTIK Test Case 3 277
4. IMPACT ANALYSIS PROGRAM (IMPACT) 297
4.1 Program Description 297
4.1.1 Introduction 297
4.1.2 Summary of the IMPACT Hyperlanguage 299
4.1.3 Keyword Package Summary 300
4.1.4 Program Output 302
4.2 Keyword Packages 302
4.2.1 PARAMETERS 302
4.2.2 GRID . 304
4.2.3 OPERATIONS 306
4.2.4 OUTPUT 308
4.2.5 CLEAR 309
4.3 AQUIP System Implementation 309
4.3.1 Data Flow, Impact Analysis 309
4.3.2 Data Set Descriptions 312
4.3.3 IMPACT and the Planning Process 313
viii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS, contd.
Page
.4,,4 Numbered Error Messages 316
4.5 IMPACT Test Case 318
5. SYNAGRAPHIC COMPUTER MAPPING PROGRAM (SYMAP) 337
5.1 Program Description 337
5.1.1 Introduction 337
5.1.2 Summary Description of SYMAP Conventions 338
5.1.3 SYMAP Keyword Package Summary '340
5.1.4 Keyword Package Summary 342
5.1.5 Program Output 344
5.2 Keyword Packages 345
5.2.1 A-OUTLINE 345
5.2.2 A-CONFORMOLINES 346
5.2.3 B-DATA POINTS 348
5.2.4 C-OTOLEGENDS 349
5.2.5 E-VALUES 352
5.2.6 F-MAP 353
5.3 AQUIP System Implementation 354
5.3.1 Subroutine FLEXIN . 364
5.3.2 Data Flow, Isopleth Plotting 364
5.5.3 Data Set Descriptions 354
5.3.4 SYMAP and the Planning Process 367
5.4 SYMAP Test Case 369
6. UTILITY PROGRAMS 381
6.1 Meteorological Data Conversion Program (METCON) 381
6.1.1 PARAMETERS 381
6.1.2 STAR 382
ix
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TABLE OF CONTENTS, contd.
Page
6.1.3 ENDJOB 382
6.1.4 Numbered Error Messages 382
6.1.5 METCON Test Case 384
6.2 Data Set Generation and Update Program (UPDATE) 389
6.2.1 $GEN '390
6.2.2 $MOD 390
6.2.3 $NOV 391
6.2.4 $MSG 391
6.2.5 $END " 391
6.2.6 Numbered Error Messages 391
6.2.7 Test Case 393
6.3 LOGDATA Generation Program (LOG-GEN) 398
7. CURRENT DATASET CATALOGUE 399
REFERENCES 403
GLOSSARY 404
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure . Page
1 'The AQUIP System 2
2 AQUIP Software System - Summary 4
3 Graphical Display Showing Emission Rates as Allocated
to the Chosen Grid System 8
4 Example of the Tabulated Output of the MARTIK Program 10
5 Example of SYMAP 12
6 Graphical Display Showing Population Density as
Computed by the LANTRAN Program 14
7 Graphical Display of Land-Use Compatibility as Computed
by the IMPACT Program 16
8 Sample Card Deck for 'PARAMETERS' Package 29
9 PARAMETERS Package with a Single Namelist Card 30
10 Example of Nested Card Data Set 31
11 Example of a MARTIK Data Set 34
12 Test Case Data Flow 45
13 Contour Source Map SO
14 Flow of Information from Activities to Emissions 11-31 74
15 Land Use Plan Activities Used in Hackensack Meadowlands
Study 11-32 75
16 Decisions Affecting Heating Demand 11-33 79
17 Activity Indexes Used in Hackensack Meadowlands Study 11-34 81
18 Fuel Use Allocation Data Used in Hackensack Meadowlands
Study 11-35 . 87
19 Emissions Factors Used in Hackensack Meadowlands
Study 11-36 90
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LIST OF . ILLUSTRATIONS, ..contd.
Figure
20 Allocation of Emissions to Point and Area .,.,.. .
Sources 11-37 94
>•:;..:•••••'. - i> ;••>•<;• *•; •..«'?or. T !::•>)/•
21 Deck Set-Up for LANTRAN Compute IFORM = 1,3,4,5,6 101
22 Deck Set-Up for LANTRAN Compute IFORM. = 2 (with ., .
emission factors) 104
23 Data Flow for Emission Preparation 119
24 Data Flow for IMPACT Analysis 126
2,5 Data Flow for Conversion of MARTIK Output . ,, ,..„ ., 129
'.' i .-'• ' "^..-f;*-1 ''• ''•.'* - .' i \ ..) "• J '-' .- :•'..• ,' .*>; . ji.1
26 Test .,Qase Base Map., ... ... ..,, .,„,.,- ... ,....,._.,,, , ,..; .,..,, 138
2>7 Test Case Base Map, with Figures and ©rid -OverLay':. ,-/•?• .: 140
•28 LANTRAN Test Case ,1- Maps :" . .',•:•'<=: •'•.•'* :•:• - 5 -, • -i.: «:•• 147
;25 LANTRAN Test ICase >1 .Deck'Set-Up " ; r-'-fv ^;«.on -'. ••^'i. -'-1;''!> : 148
30 LANTRAN Test Case 1 Printed Output •..- -.. . ' . 149
-31 LANTRAN Test Case 2 Deck Set-Up , :.,'".' ' • • -...- .. 161
.32 LANTRAN Test Case 2 Printed Output . . : : . . . > :- 164
33 LANTRAN Test Case 3 Deck Set-Up w •.•:>•.'• . .•-.-'. 184
34 LANTRAN Test • Case 3. Printed'Output : ••• ;."-. :••-..:••.'. .. . 186
35 LANTRAN .TeS'-t.Cas'e 4 De'ck. Set-Up .-: ;/ •-.;•• .. r •• , •• 199
36 LANTRAN Test Case 4 Printed Output ' ' :' ' 201
'37 LANTRAN Test Case 5 Deck Set-Up ' '''' '"' ' 209
38 LANTRAN Test Case 5 Printed Output ••'••••''. 210
39 LANTRAN test Case 6 Deck Set-Up ''' " ' 214
40 LANTRAN Test Case 6 Printed Output 215
41 Coordinate Specification for Three Types of Emission
Sources in MARTIK 239
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, contd.
I
Figure : Page
42 Analogous Schematic Data Flow System for Diffusion
Analysis 247
43 Hackensack Meadowlands 1-km Grid 254
44 Base Map with MARTIK Receptors 265
45 MARTIK Test Case 1 Deck Set-Up . . 269
46 MARTIK Test Case 1 Printed Output 270
47 MARTIK Test Case 2 Deck Set-Up 278
48 MARTIK Test Case 2 Printed Output 280
49 MARTIK Test Case 3 Deck Set-Up 289
50 MARTIK Test Case 3 Printed Output 290
51 Data Flow Diagram for IMPACT Analysis 311
52 Base Map, IMPACT Grid and Region of Interest 320
53 IMPACT Test Case Deck Set-Up 325
54 IMPACT Test Case Printed Output 327
55 Data Flow Diagram for SYMAP Analysis 365
56 Base Map with SYMAP Legends 370
57 SYMAP Test Case Deck Set-Up 374
58 SYMAP Test Case Printed Output 375
59 METCON Test Case Deck Set-Up 385
60 METCON Test Case Printed Output 386
61 UPDATE Test Case Deck Set-Up 394
62 UPDATE Test Case Printed Output 395
63 Catalog of New Jersey Datasets 400
Xlll
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1 Summary of AQUIP Program Requirements 39
2 Parameters for LOGDATA File . 40
3 Calibration Factors 251
4 Symbolism for Levels and Special Purposes 358
5 Standard Symbolism for Various Levels 359
xiv
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1. INTRODUCTION
..->• •- A '- :;v • •:. .•:. .-:•>
The Air Quality for Urban'/and Industrial Planning System (AQUIP) has
been developed as a set of techniques, methodologies, data sets and software
components which permit urban and transportation planners to evaluate land-
use plans on the basis of air-pollution considerations.
The interactive and iterative, nature .jp'f this process of plan evaluation
is represented schematically in Figure 1. Essentially, the AQUIP system
may be thought of as made up of the following basic procedures: (1) the
preparation of input data descriptive of one alternative land-use or trans-
portation plan; (2) the conversion of these' data into pollutant emissions
data; (3) the prediction and display of predicted mean ambient pollutant
concentrations within the area of interest; (4) the evaluation and ranking
of the input plan with respect to other plans by the application of quanti-
tatively described criteria; and (5) subsequent modification of the input
data and repetition of the process. Of these five procedures all but the
first together form a model, in which the techniques and methodologies are
quantitatively embodied as software components.
The techniques and methodologies for emissions projection, air-quality
prediction^, and plan,evaluation have been described in additional Task
Reports for this study. This report is concerned-with the AQUIP software
system - its design, use and maintenance as a vital element in this inter-
action and evaluation process'. :
1.1 Overview of the AQUIP System
The actual implementation of the AQUIP software system is based upon a
set of procedures which makes use of input data sets and model parameter
1
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OVERALL PLANNING
GOALS, CRITERIA AND
CONSTRAINTS
THE PLANNER
AND THE
URBAN-INDUSTRIAL PLAN
PLANNING DATA
CONVERSION METHODOLOGY
FROM PLANNING DATA TO
EMISSIONS DATA
EMISSIONS DATA
AIR QUALITY COMPUTATION
MODEL
CLIMATOLOGICAL
DATA
AIR QUALITY DATA,
MAPS, ETC.
PLAN EVALUATION
METHODOLOGY
AIR QUALITY
STANDARDS AND
CRITERIA
ANALYSIS OF PLAN ADEQUACY RELATIVE
TO AIR POLLUTION CRITERIA
Figure 1 The AQUIP System Conceptual Design
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data sets, to perform computations using four basic computer programs, and
to provide tabular and graphical output. The logical relationships among
'*.''' ~ '
these elements are shown in the summary flow chart of Figure,2. Data sets
are shown as rectangles, computation steps as circles, and printed output
as document symbols. In addition, each element is identified by a code made
up of a generic letter followed by a number. The letter prefixes and their
meanings are: -
I Input data set, prepared by the system user
M Model parameter data set, established initially for the study
conditions, and modified only as necessary for updates to the
model.
P Computation step involving one of the four basic .computer programs'
C Computed data set formed as an output of one computation step and
used as an input to another.
T Tabulated outputs (or line printer graphics) delivered to the
: system user.
This same basic identification procedure is used throughout this manual
to enable each element of the AQUIP system to be identified, described and
\
implemented. The discussions are necessarily organized around the four
individual computer programs since they form the nodes of the information
flow path, and - through their format requirements and run options - deter-
mine the overall modes and capabilities of the system.
In the following discussion several of the important points of inter-
action between the planner and the model are brought out with some examples
of the various roles which sub-components of the model can play in the
planning process. A similar discussion appears with each major program in
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5149
II
12
13
Planning
Inputs
Highwoy
Emissions
(Line
Sources)
Incinerator
Emissions
(Poinf
Sources )
Air-Quality
Prediction Model
Air-Quality
Impact Model
Tabulated
Air-Quality
Statistics
Impact
Summaries
Tables &
Plots
Figure 2 AQUIP Software System
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a section entitled "AQUIP implementation". In all cases, reference is
made to the general flow diagram of Figure 2.
For clarity, we will first trace through the operations involved in
using the model for specific functions, and then relate these functions to
the overall process of Figure 1.
1.1.1 Planning Inputs
Preparation of Land-Use Data
The objective of the AQUIP system is to test hypothetical con-
figurations of land uses or "activities" with respect to their impact
upon air quality, and to provide information necessary to rank them in rela-
tion to alternatives. The primary input to the model is thus a numerical
description of a land-use plan, either a comprehensive plan such as those
models in the present study or a subset of a plan (such as proposed highway
or shopping center). Ultimately, the form of the numerical description is
an emissions inventory, and the data could be prepared in this form to
begin with. It is obviously more practical (particularly in view of the
complex nature of the emissions-projection process) to prepare the inputs
in a form as close as possible to the actual planning variables (such as
density of dwelling units or zoning classifications) associated with the plan.
For this reason, original land use data are prepared by the user,
W( rking directly from a map of the study region. This process as used for
tb-? Hackensack Meadowlands is described in Section 2.3.1, LANTRAN compute
routines for AQUIP. Zones applicable to each activity are defined and
clasrified. Each such zone is then indicated on the map as a polygon area
bounded by straight-line segments. These zones are referred to as "figures".
Points with which activities (and ultimately emissions) are associated are
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also indicated. Highways are located, and then represented as being made
up of straight-line segments. The activity regions are then assigned a
set of activity "codes" and "values" which define the procedures used to c
compute their emissions. For example, a residential region could be repre-
sented as a polygon figure and assigned a "residential classification code"
together with values which determine how it is to be treated.
Geographical data for figures (defined as discussed above) are pre-
pared by coding the coordinates of the "vertices" of their boundaries. These
data are then incorporated into the "original land use" data set (II),
together with the codes and values. The result of this operation, therefore,
is a data set describing a land-use alternative in terms of planning variables
for subjection to the emissions-projection methodologies as described in the
Task 1 study report and embodied in the LANTRAN computer program.
The reader is referred to in the following sections in the Task 1
report which cover the basic principles necessary to understand how the
LANTRAN program was used with the Hackensack Meadowlands data. These
should be carefully read in conjunction with the abbreviated description
contained in Section 2.3.1: Terminology, Part I, Sections 1.5, 2.1, 2.2,
4.2.1, 5.1.4, 5.1.5, 5.1.6, Part II, Section 4, Appendix A.
1.1,2 Preparation of Direct Emissions Data
Not all data involved with a particular plan are suitable for definition
in terms of activities. For this reason, highways and some types of points
(such as power plants and incinerators) are treated separately. In the case
of the highway data, the geographical coordinates of the end-points of the
various links are coded, together with emissions derived by application of
emissions factors to projected traffic conditions. These data become the
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"highway emissions" data set (12), used as a direct input to the MARTIK
diffusion modeling program.
Similarly, the geographical coordinates which locate power plants, incin-
erators, or other "point-sources" are coded together with direct emission
rates and stack parameters specially determined in general for each source.
These data become the "point-source" data set (13) , used as a direct input
to the diffusion model.
].1.3 Air Quality Prediction Model
Computation of Emissions from Activity Data
Having prepared the original land use data as described above, the
user proceeds to compute from these data the emissions which they represent.
This step is performed by the LANTRAN program, and is described in detail in
Section 2.3.6. The computation involves, essentially, the allocation of data
defined on the set of "figures" to a grid-cell system, and is necessitated
by the fact that in any planning area, the number of small discrete sources
is so large that allocation to area sources is essential. Since the diffusion
model requires rectangular area sources, a grid system is indicated, and
LANTRAN makes the essential transition from figure-based to grid-based data.
IF principle, it is emissions defined on the figures which are allocated by
LAi'FfRAN; in fact, the program performs one additional step: land-use data are
first converted to emissions data which are then allocated to the grid system.
Some of the emissions data are, however, represented in the output as points,
rather than as gridded area sources, because: (1) certain activities gene-
rate point sources (such as schools for residential areas); and
(2) individual discrete sources with emissions greater than some threshold
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Figure 3 Graphical Display Showing Emission Rates
as Allocated to the Chosen Grid System
10
6
5
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must be considered separately. The result of this computation step is the
"point and gridded are source" data set (Cl), in the form of three card
decks (corresponding to the summer, winter and annual seasons), for use as
a direct input to the diffusion model, together with tabulated output des-
cribing the emissions characteristics of the input data, and graphical
displays of emission rates by pollutant as allocated to the chosen grid
system. An example of such a display is given in Figure 3.
Diffusion Analysis for Total .Air-Quality
This step performs the essential transition from the emissions
generated by a particular land-use plan to the air-quality which is
associated with the plan and is described in detail in Section 3.3. The
emissions inventory data sets, (12), (13) and (Cl) as described above, are
input to the MARTIK program, along with the model data sets which define
the ("receptor") sites at which concentrations are to be computed, the
meteorological parameters and the emissions assigned to the "background"
region (outside the study region). The result of this step is a set of
computed concentrations for each pollutant, at each of the desired
receptor sites. Three MARTIK runs (each with the appropriate total
emission inventory) define the "computed air quality" which is returned
t ? the user as a tabulated output (T2) and passed to additional operations
aii the data set (C2). An example of the tabulated output from MARTIK is
shown in Figure 4.
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-------
Diffusion Analysis for Sensitivity Studies
A number of special types of diffusion analyses may be performed,
involving subsets of the total emissions inventory together or in combination.
These are discussed in detail in the MARTIK discussion Section 3.3. An
example of this application is the computation of differential concentrations
(positive or negative) resulting from the relocation of a proposed highway.
Data preparation for this type of study may involve selection of subsets of
the data sets used for analysis of a total plan, as described above, or it
may involve the coding of emission-source data directly for use by the MARTIK
program.
Graphic Display of Computed Air Quality
The final step involved in the AQUIP air-quality prediction
model is the plotting of air pollution concentrations, using the SYMAP
p.-ogram, for each case considered. The procedures for plotting with the
SYMAP program are discussed in Chapter 5, and related to isopleth maps of
air quality in Section 5.3.
Essentially, the result of a SYMAP plotting run is a graphical
c'.isplay of the study area, with printer-generated shading proportional to
the computed concentration at each point. An example of this (isopleth or
contour) form of map is shown in Figure 5. The data used as input to
•.':'" program are the receptor "values" computed by MARTIK and output
.--• the data set (C2). Inputs prepared by the user of the system consist
of options which select the pollutant to be displayed, and control the
appearance of the output map.
11
-------
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Figure 5 Example of SYMAP
12
-------
1.1.4 Air Quality Impact Model
Preparation of Data for Correlation with Air Quality
In this step, subsets of the original plan data are used to
select and manipulate land-use data which is to be used for correlation
with predicted air quality. The computations involved in this process
are performed by the LANTRAN program, and are discussed in detail in
Section 2.3.6. Operation of the program is similar to its use in the
preparation of emissions data, except that, instead of emissions defined
on a set of land use "figures", the quantities allocated are variables
such as population density and extent of industrial land use. The result
nf this step is a data set, referred to as the "correlation data set" (C4),
which is created in the form of an output card deck for input to the IMPACT
program. In addition, grid plots of each selected land use are generated
•i shown in Figure 6.
Preparation of Computed Air Quality Allocated to a Grid System
The result of a diffusion analysis with the MARTIK program is a
set of concentrations computed for the given receptor sites. The purpose
of this step is to convert these results to mean air quality defined on
the grid system chosen for analysis. This conversion is performed by the
LA'.TPAN program, which constructs a mean surface through the receptor
>K-:ni.s and then assigns to each cell of the grid system the surface value
at the cell center. This step is necessary since there is no essential
relationship between the spacing or distribution of receptor points and
the grid system used in the impact analysis model. The computation step
may be performed routinely, with no interaction from the user (other than
13
-------
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as Computed by the LANTRAN Program
14
-------
to define the grid system, perhaps once and for all). The results of the
air-quality prediction model are embodied in the data set (C2) computed by
the MARTIK program and used as an input to LANTRAN. Tabulated output lists
the concentrations as allocated to each grid cell, and graphical output,
if specified, is similar to that shown in Figure 3 for emissions. Out-
put from the program is the "gridded air quality" data set (C3) used as
an input to the impact analysis procedure.
Analysis of the Air Pollution Impact of the Original Land Use Data
This is the final step in the AQUIP modeling system which brings
together the outputs of the system, expressed as computed concentrations,
and quantitative information (such as integrated population exposure)
necessary for final evaluation and ranking of planning alternatives. The
analysis is performed using the IMPACT computer program, in which the user
specifies as input to the program a set of operations which manipulate
the computed air-quality data, correlates these data with land-use data, air-
quality standards, etc. The planner interacts directly with the AQUIP model
at this point, since it is he who defines the criteria by which the plan and
its alternatives are to be ranked. The criteria are than translated into a
set of IMPACT operations, which are coded as a "hyper-language." Any number
of "gridded" data sets may be brought together, involving total air-quality
calculations by MARTIK, land uses for correlation or emissions data as
c>mputed by LANTRAN. The result of each "operation" or set of operations
is quantitative information for each cell of the grid system. These results
are tabulated and presented graphically as grid plots such as the example
of figure 7.
Examples of the types of analyses which may be performed using the
IMPACT program are given in Sections 4.3.3, and 4.5. They include examina-
tion of compliance with absolute air quality standards, results of
15
-------
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13
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as Computed by the IMPACT Program
16
-------
sensitivity studies, determination of integrated pollutant dosages by
land-use, and the development of ranking indices ("land-use compatibility
scores") by which multiple factors are taken into account to achieve a
single number for plan ranking.
Summary
The full set of procedures discussed in this section make up
the model as shown in Figure 1. If carried through from start to
finish, the planner interacts only at the point of preparation of the
initial plan, and evaluation of the results of the impact analysis. The
"cycle" is repeated as new alternatives are presented and analyzed. In
fact, the possible points of interaction and iteration occur throughout
•.he system. Certain criteria may be placed upon emissions, for example, in
which case the iterative cycle repeats itself at the output of .the emissions
computation step. An initial series of diffusion analyses involving the
* ;tal inventory may suggest another to provide some direct indication of
differential effects, or the contribution of some subset of the total
inventory. Finally, with the grid-based data sets constructed as discussed
alx>ve, any number of different types of analyses may be carried out with the
same data, each one representing a "question" posed by the planner and
returning to him numerical information on which to base his "answer".
It should be noted that some minor variations exist between the programs
a>r -implemented in different computer systems. These differences are in the
format with which the values are printed: they do not affect the values in
any *vay.
On the NJDOT system there is presently a date card needed for some pf
the programs to run; this requirement is being phased out by NJDOT.
17
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1.2 Elements of the AQUIP System
The elements shown in Figure 2, and in the individual data flow sections
are described below.
1.2.1 System Input Data Sets
11. Original Land-Use Data - This data set is specified as a set of
point, line or polygen "figures" to which "values" representing planning
variables are assigned.
12. Highway Emissions Data - This data set is specified as a set of
"line" sources, to which emission densities have been assigned by the appli-
cation of emission factors to traffic data.
13. Point Source Emissions Data - This data set is specified as a set
of "point" sources to which emission rates have been assigned.
14. Land Uses for Correlation - Specified as a set of "figures"
representing land uses to be correlated with air quality predictions.
15. Impact Criteria Data Set - This data set is a set of operations
to be performed upon gridded air-quality data for comparison with standards
or correlation with various land uses.
16. Map Options - Which select variables for isopleth plotting and
specify characteristics of output maps.
1.2.2 Model Parameter Data Sets
Ml. Activity Indices - To relate activities specified in the given
land-use data to fuel demand.
Fuel-Use Data - To specify overall fuel availability data;
Emissions Factors - To relate fuel use or process rate by
activity to emissions by pollutant; and
18
-------
LANTRAN Program Parameters - To specify the grid properties,
program options and computation parameters.
M2. Background Emissions, by Season - A previously generated data
set to account for the contribution of all point, line and area emissions
sources outside the study area to computed concentrations at the receptor
sites.
M3. Meteorological Data - The set of normalized weighting factors to
be assigned to each of the 480 meteorological conditions, based on the rela-
tive frequency of occurrence of these conditions;
Meteorological Parameters - To determine such model character-
istics as plume dispersion coefficients, mixing layer depth and
vertical wind-velocity profile; and
MARTIK Program Parameters - To specify receptor properties
program options and computation parameters.
M4. SYMAP Base Map - The set of SYMAP input packages which define the
•••. udy region and the coordinates of the data points.
MS. Allocation Options - The set of LANTRAN control options required
fcv allocation of computed concentrations by receptor to the chosen grid
s;. _,tem.
1.2.3 Computer Programs
PI. LANTRAN - Land-Use Data Transformation Program. The fundamental
[ -nose of this program is to convert data defined on point, line, or irreg-
ula: polygon "figures" to a regular grid system.
P2. MARTIK - Martin-Tikvart Diffusion Modeling Program. Computes
the arithmetic mean air-quality levels at designated receptor locations for
19
-------
a given distribution of emission sources with meteorological data specified
for the averaging period of interest and the climatology of the study region.
P3. IMPACT - Impact Analysis and Display Program. This program per-
forms arithmetic and logical operations as specified at run-time by a "user
hyper-language" on each element of a gridded system of data, allowing cell-
by-cell comparison with user-specified criteria.
P4. SYMAP - Synagraphic Computer Mapping Program. A general-purpose
graphics display program presently implemented for the display of isopleths
of air quality as computed by MARTIK.
1.2.4 Computed Data Sets
Cl. Point and Gridded Area Source Emissions - Allocated by pollutants
to the specified grid system. The point sources in the data set represent
discrete sources with emissions in excess of a given threshold. The area
sources represent the remaining activities distributed to grid cells on the
basis of the area of "figures", or "extent".
C2. Computed Air Quality - By pollutant for each of the specified
receptors.
C3. Gridded Air Quality - By pollutant converted to mean concentra-
tion for each grid cell.
C4. Correlation Data Set - A gridded data set representing allocation
of specified land-uses or their derivatives (e.g., population density) ••
selected for correlation with air-quality levels.
20
-------
1.2.5 System Outputs
Tl. Tabulated Emissions - Projected emissions as computed by LANTRAN
for the given ensemble of input data and model parameters, given as a sum-
mary for each constituent land-use "figure", with tables and plots of result-
ant emissions presented for the specified grid system.
T2. Tabulated Air-Quality Predictions1' - For the given ensemble of
planning inputs, model parameters and meteorological conditions. Tabulated
by pollutant for each of a specified set of "receptor" locations within the
study region.
T3. Isopleths of Predicted Air Quality - A graphical display of iso-
pleths of pollutant concentrations generated by the line printer using an
overprint technique to produce "shading".
T4. Tables and Plots of Predicted Total Air Quality - Expressed in
absolute units of concentration for each cell of the study region grid
system.
T5. Tables and Plots of Land-Use Data - To be used for correlation
with gridded air quality data.
T6. Tables and Plots Presenting the Results of Impact Analyses -
e.g., (1) statistics of compliance with standards; (2) integrated dosage
b\ Irnd use; and (3) overall land-use compatibility.
1.3 System Design Philosophy
Since the detailed operations involved in any software system are of
a complex nature, successful implementation must rely heavily upon: (1) opti-
mal interfacing among programs using compatible data set structures and
21
-------
formats; (2) deck setup procedures which are as simple as possible and in
any case similar for all programs; (3) straightforward procedures for
system modification without the necessity of modifying the programs them-
selves; and (4) data-checking procedures in the input phases of all pro-
grams to eliminate invalid or inconsistent inputs.
the design of the AQUIP system has proceeded with these criteria in
mind. Of the four computer programs which make up the system, two already
existed before the system was designed: the SYMAP program (developed and
distributed by the Graduate School of Design at Harvard), and the MARTIK
(ERT version) program. Evolution of the input data formats and deck
setup procedures proceeded along the lines already shown to be successful
with the MARTIK program. For this reason, LANTRAN, IMPACT and MARTIK use
a completely self-consistent set of card input formats, data set structures,
and system modification procedures. Formats, and deck setups for-the SYMAP
program are similar but nonetheless different, and hence must be treated
separately in the manual. The interfacing of data sets with the SYMAP pro-
gram, however, poses no problem since data-set manipulations are performed
in a user-written subroutine which guarantees compatibility with the other
programs.
The following sections discuss in detail the card input format, deck
setup and program logic conventions which apply to the LANTRAN, IMPACT and
MARTIK (and, in some cases, to SYMAP as well).
1.3.1 Organization of Program Input
Program input provides information for: (1) control purposes to
distinguish between various program modes; (2) for parameter initializa-
22
-------
tion; and (3) to create data sets. All programs in the AQUIP system are
organized along the "Keyword Package" concept. The input to the program thus
consists of a sequence of packages, each identified by a keyword which initi-
ates a set of program functions. Where appropriate, the keyword card (which
is the first card of any package) is followed by a card data set.
The MARTIK, LANTRAN and IMPACT programs, as well as the utility programs,
.follow the ERT standard keyword package format described below in Section
1.3.2. The SYMAP program is also structured along keyword-package lines but
the keyword format is different. A discussion of SYMAP formats and usage
conventions will therefore be given separately (Section 5.1).
Care has been taken in the design of the keyword packages to insure
that (1) the same keyword names in different programs correspond to the
same function; and (2) keyword packages in different programs correspond
to identical card formats, even though some programs may only use a subset
of available card fields.
In all cases, a standard form of package delimiter has been used (to
denote the end of an input package and signal the reading of the next key-
word card). All programs (including SYMAP) make use of a '99999' card
(punched columns 1 through 5) as a basic package delimiter. Further forms
used for nested data packages are discussed in Section 1.3.6. Similarly,
all programs (including SYMAP) use a keyword 'ENDJOB' card (punched columns
1 through 6) to terminate program execution. All input card formats allow
for card sequencing in columns 73 through 80.
23
-------
Input card formats for all programs except SYMAP allow for imbedded user
comments for printing in the program output by punching a non-blank character
in columns 71 and 72 of the data card preceding the comments. All card data
sets may optionally be taken from a (tape or disk) file (as card images)
identified by a parameter punched on the keyword card. Finally, all AQUIP
programs make use of an optional user-written subroutine to allow special
computations to be performed at user-specified points in program execution,
or to accommodate non-standard input formats. For MARTIK, LANTRAN and IMPACT,
the user-written subroutine is called whenever a 'COMPUTE' keyword card is
encountered. For SYMAP, an optional user-written routine is called to
read or manipulate each of the input data packages. These user-written
subroutines provide the means for incorporating special features into a
(complicated) standard computer program. In the case of the AQUIP. system,
they serve two functions:
1. They tailor the methodologies directly to the particular application
- in this case the Hackensack Meadowlands Study. Application of the AQUIP
software system to another region would require only the modification of the
user-written routines. These routines thus become a part of the "model
parameter data sets".
2. They allow the interfacing of data sets with the SYMAP program,
whose card-formats are, themselves, not compatible with the other formats
used in the AQUIP system.
In summary, the keyword-package structure of program logic provides a
maximum of flexibility in using the AQUIP programs individually and together.
t
Inherent in the concept is a cyclic pattern of program logic; execution
24
-------
of each package accomplishes some specified function, card input, data set
manipulations, whether it be computations or print. After completion,
control returns to the "nucleus" of the program, whose only function is to
read and recognize the next keyword package card and transfer control to
another appropriate routine. Some packages may never be invoked in any run;
others may be invoked many times. One job submission may actually consist
of many separate and even unrelated cases by stacking keyword packages.
1.3.2 Keyword Package Formats
1. Keyword Card Format
Columns
1-12
13-15
16-18
19-20
21-70
71-72
73-80
Contents
KEYWORD
1C
IFORM
TITLE
JC
KARD
Format
5A4
13
13
12A4.A2
A2
18
Meaning
Alphanumeric identifier for package.
Blank or zero if card input is to be
taken from the card reader; otherwise
1C is the logical unit number of the
device from which card images are to be
read. If 1C is punched as a negative
number, it is rewound before reading
begins.
Blank or zero except for 'COMPUTE'
keyword in which case subroutine COMP
is to be called with IFORM as an argu-
ment, and for 'MSG' in MARTIK.
Not used.
Alphanumeric message to be printed in
the output at the beginning of package
execution.
Blank - if no comments card follows;
non-blank if next card is a comments
card.
Card sequence number.
25
-------
2. Data Card Format
Columns
1-70
71-72
73-80
Contents
(data)
JC
KARD
Format
A2
18
Meaning
Input data in application-dependent
format.
Blank if not followed by a comments
card; non-blank if followed by a
comments card.
Card sequence number (18)
3. Comments Card Format
Columns
1-14
15
16-20
21-70
71-72
73-80
Contents Format Meaning
Not used.
IF Al Blank if no space before printing of
line, 0 if a space is to be inserted
before printing, 1 if line is to
begin at the top of the next page.
Not used.
COM 12A4.A2 Line of comments.
JC A2 Blank - if no comments card follows
(i.e., this is the last comments card);
non-blank if next card is another com-
ments card.
KARD 18 Card sequence number.
4. Last Card of Data Set
Columns
1-5
6-72
73-80
Contents
'99999'
KARD
Format
End of data
Not used
Meaning
identifier.
18 Card sequence number.
26
-------
1.3.3 'Parameters' Package
All programs (except SYMAP) allow for the modification of program para-
meters or run options through the use of a PARAMETERS keyword package.
Parameters or option variables are set to default values at compilation,
and hence only those which are to be modified need be entered. The format
of the data package itself is a FORTRAN IV namelist with the name "5 INPUT."
A summary of namelist rules follows:
1. A namelist input consists of a series of variable assignments
beginning with § INPUT and ending with SEND, with each assignment of the
form: VAR = XI,X2, , where VAR is a variable or array name and XI,X2,....,
Xn are the first n values to be assigned. If VAR is undimensioned, only
one value follows. If VAR is subscripted, values are assigned beginning
with the specified element. Examples of assignments are:
TMIN = 0.02,
RCAL(1,4) = 0.92, 0.77,
UNIT = 11,12,
RBKG = 600*0.,
PRINT = .TRUE.,
In the example, the variable TMIN is assigned the value 0.02, overriding
the default value of 0.01. Elements (1,4) and (2,4) of array RCAL are set
to 0.92 and 0.77 respectively. UNIT(l) is set to 11 and UNIT(2) is set to 12.
All 600 elements of array RBKG (dimensioned 6,100) are set to zero. Finally,
the logical variable PRINT is set to .TRUE, (logical variables take on values
'of .TRUE, or .FALSE.).
27
-------
2. The format of namelist assignments is free within a field extending
from column 2 of any namelist card to and including column 72. Within that
field there may be as many assignments of the form given above as desired,
and the assignments may be in any order. Assignments are delimited by
commas and imbedded blanks are ignored. As many namelist cards may be used
as desired. For convenience, related assignments are grouped together on one
card, so that minor changes require only the repunching of a single card.
Columns 73-80 are available for card sequencing. (For further information
on namelist conventions, refer to a FORTRAN IV Manual.)
The format for a 'PARAMETERS' package is given explicitly below, and is
the same for all programs except SYMAP. The actual variable names, their
types, dimension information, default values and meanings are tabulated in
the discussions of the programs themselves.
FIRST CARD
Columns
1-10
15-15
16-20
21-70
Contents Format Meaning
'PARAMETERS'
1C 13
TITLE
Blank or zero if parameters are to be
taken from cards; otherwise data set
ref. no of file containing PARAMETERS
package.
Not used.
12A4,A2 Run heading for printing.
28
-------
SECOND CARD
Columns Contents
2-7
'§INPUT1
FOLLOWING CARDS
Columns Contents
2-72
LAST CARD
Columns
2-5
Contents
'SEND1
Format
Format
Format
Meaning
Meaning
Parameters to be initialized by FORTRAN
NAMELIST SINPUT. See list for indivi-
dual programs.
Meaning
Example #1
Col. 2
SEND
UNIT=11,12, ,
NCOMP=50,TMIN=0.01, TMAX=30.0,
|QUNIT=2*'UG/M**3', 'MG/MG/M**3,2* 'UG/M**3'
|RFACT=2*1.E 06.1.E 03, 2*1. E 06
X
|NQQ=5,QNAM='PARTIC.I,'S 02' C 0','HYDROC',' N OX1, X
§INPUT
Col
.J
PARAMETERS
HACKENSACK TEST CASE
Col. 21
Col. 72
Figure 8 Sample Card Deck for PARAMETERS Package
29
-------
Note that the 'PARAMETERS' package is the one exception to the rule
that packages are delimited by '99999' cards. In this case, the end of the
namelist is signaled by §END, which appears after the last namelist assign-
ment (not necessarily on a card by itself). If only one or two variables
are to be changed, it is sometimes more convenient to put the entire name-
list string on a single card, as shown in Figure 9.
Example #2
Col. 2 -
I&INPUT RSTORE=.TRUE.,SENDN
| PARAMETERSRE-RUN WITH BACKGROUND ADDED^
Col. 1 —* Col. 21
Figure 9 PARAMETERS Package with a Single Namelist Card
1.3.4 'COMMENTS' Package
The 'COMMENTS' package has been implemented in MARTIK, LANTRAN and
IMPACT for the purpose of annotating the printed output with a set of user-
written comments used as a data set. The first card of the package is the
keyword card with 'COMMENTS' punched in columns 1 through 8. If the 1C
parameter is zero, the package is read from cards, otherwise from the data
set with reference number 1C. For each card in the package, including the
keyword card itself, the contents of columns 21 through 70 are printed as
comments. All but the last card of the package must have a non-blank
character punched in columns 71 and 72. The second and following cards
are in the format given in Section 1.3.2, Item 3.
30
-------
1.3.5 »ENDJOB' Keyword Card
The "ENDJOB1 card is used in all programs (including SYMAP) to terminate
program execution and end the job. Reading of the 'ENDJOB1 card causes the
message 'END OF PROGRAM.1 to be printed in the output.
1.3.6 Nested Card Data Sets
For nested data sets requiring sub-delimiters, the outer delimiter is
a '99999' card, the first inner delimiter is '88888', the second '77777',
carried inward to nine levels of nesting as seen in the following diagrams:
77777
1 1 l I t.
P nnnn
ooooo
66666
/ ( 777
77777
oooou
99999
Figure 10 Example of Nested Card Data Set
1.3.7 Optional Data Sets from Card-Image Files
For each of the programs except SYMAP, card data sets may be taken
from a disk or tape file instead of from cards. This feature minimizes the
repetitive handling of large card data sets. To read in a package from a
data set with reference number 1C, punch 1C in columns 13 through 15 of the
31
-------
keyword card. Any number from 1 to 99 may be used, with the exception of
the following special data set reference numbers:
5 Card Reader
6 Printer
7 Punch
9 AQUIP run log file ('LOGDATA')
Above and beyond these reserved dataset numbers there are other datasets
which are used by the programs for temporary storage, these units can be
changed by the user if he so desires. The summary of datasets needed for each
program is as below; default unit numbers are given, as are their DCB para-
meters.
Program
Unit number
Dataset
DCB Parameters
LANTRAN
5
6
9
11
12
Input data
Output
Log
Figures dataset
(temporary)
Selected points,
seasonal emmissions
(temporary)
card-image
printer
RECFM=VBS,LRECL=448
card-image
MARTIK
5
6
Input data
Output
card-image
printer
32
-------
9
11
Log
Source data, internal
form (temporary)
RECFM=VSB,LRECL=64,
BLKSIZE=1596
IMPACT
5
6
9
Input data
Output
Log
card image
printer
SYMAP
5
6
9
Work dataset
(temporary)
Work dataset
(temporary)'
Work dataset
(temporary)
Input data
Output
Log
RECFM=VSB,LRECL=64,
BLKSIZE=1596
card-image
printer
If the data set is to be rewound before reading the package, punch the data
set reference number as a negative number (-1C) in columns 13-15 of the
keyword card. The entire package, including the keyword card, all data
cards, comments cards and '99999' if required must appear as 80-column card
images on the file. The utility program 'UPDATE' (program U2) has been pro-
vided for the purpose of creating and updating card-image file data sets in
the proper format.
33
-------
The following example (shown in Figure 11) represents a set of MARTIK
runs using an initial program setup with default parameters, receptor data
on unit 14, source inventories for summer, winter and annual seasons on unit
15, and meteorological data for the corresponding seasons on unit 16.
In this example, a total of 12 cards replace an input deck which could
amount to a half-box of cards. This mode is only of value, of course, for
card data sets which are not frequently modified, and which are used repe-
titively.
Col. 1
IENDJOB
IRCON
ISRCE
16
METD
15
RCON
ISRCE
16
I METD
15
I RCON
ISRCE
16
I METD
-15
RECP
-14
I COMMENTS
SUMMER,WINTER AND ANNUAL CASES
Col. 13
Col.21
Figure 11 Example of a MARTIK Data Set
34
-------
1.3.8 Numbered Error Messages
All programs have been designed to prevent, if possible, lengthy compu-
tations with faulty data. To this end, input data and control parameters
are checked for completeness and self-consistency wherever possible. SYMAP
has its own procedures for error-checking, and prints a diagnostic message
when a problem is discovered. For the ERT programs, a numbered error-message
system has been developed, whereby the detection of an error transfers control
to subroutine ERRX (used by MARTIK, LANTRAN, and IMPACT which terminates
execution with the printed message:
"EXECUTION TERMINATED DUE TO ERROR NO. XXXX IN YYYY"
where XXXX is a number and YYYY the name of the subroutine in which the error
was detected. All errors terminate the run at the point where they are
detected.
A list of conditions checked is given by routine, number, and cause
in the discussion section for each program.
1.3.9 User-Written Subroutines FLEXIN and COMP
Each program in the AQUIP system makes use of a user-written (applica-
tion-dependent) subroutine to perform special-purpose computations or to
manipulate data sets in non-standard formats. For the SYMAP program, this
routine has the name FLEXIN, and for the MARTIK, LANTRAN and IMPACT
programs, it is called subroutine COMP. FLEXIN and COMP are similar in that
they both provide the user the means for adapting a "standard" program to
his "ad hoc" needs. They differ, however, in the way in which they are
invoked. FLEXIN is called as an option by an input data package to read and/or
manipulate data. COMP, however, is called as a keyword package with keyword
35
-------
'COMPUTE', and hence is not necessarily associated with an input (or any
other) phase of the program.
Since the "standard" programs are complicated in logical structure, it
is generally not advisable to make ad_ hoc changes within them. Subroutines
COMP and FLEXIN provide ideal means for isolating the application-dependent
features and changes. In actual fact, many versions of COMP or FLEXIN may
peacefully coexist, each representing a different application of the system
with different conditions. At run time, the user includes his own COMP or
FLEXIN in place of that supplied with the AQUIP system. Ambitious programmers
who wish to make more extensive program changes may still confine them to
their own COMP routine by replacing "standard" subroutines by entries into
their own COMP subroutines, and then not including the "standard" routine
at run time. An example of this procedure in application to the AQUIP system
is given in the discussion of the MARTIK program, in which subroutine PRISE
(which computes plume-rise) is replaced by an entry into subroutine COMP.
The essential functions of the routines are described as follows:
SUBROUTINE FLEXIN (IFORM.T,FIRST)
Used in: SYMAP
Called by: All input keyword packages except F-MAP if
any of the columns 16-20 is non-blank.
Arguments: :
IFORM An integer from 1 to 999 available to the
routine to select among modes or options.
This number is the first field on the option
card, which follows the keyword card if any
of the columns 16-20 is non-blank.
T An array of variables returned to the calling
routine. The dimension of T, and the vari-
able designations depend upon the particular
package.
36
-------
FIRST
Functions:
A logical variable, which is true the first
time FLEXIN is called, and false thereafter.
To read and preprocess as necessary the data
elements required by the calling data package
routine, or to manipulate data elements read
in by the calling package routine (in standard
format).
SUBROUTINE COMP (IC.IFORM)
Used in:
Called by:
Arguments:
1C
I FORM
MARTIK, LANTRAN, and IMPACT
The input processor routine whenever a keyword
card 'COMPUTE1 is encountered in the job
stream. The parameters 1C and IFORM are
punched right-justified in columns 15 and 18
on the keyword card.
Data set number for optional input (5 assumed
unless overridden).
An integer from 0 to 999 available to the
routine to select among modes or options.
Functions: Performs any computations desired by the user,
making use of program parameters and inter-
mediate program results through the set of
labeled common blocks (listed separately in
program discussions). Input-output operations
may be performed. Certain subroutines normally
used in the program may be replaced by "ad
hoc" entries into subroutine COMP. In addi-
tion, a set of subroutines is available for
use by the COMP routine for specific functions.
In writing new FLEXIN or COMP routines, or modification of existing
ones, care must be taken if labeled common blocks are used or new subroutines
generated (called by COMP). Operation errors will occur if the names of
existing control sections (subroutine names or labeled common block names)
are not used in a manner consistent with that in the main program.
37
-------
1.4 Summary of Program Requirements
A summary of the storage, operation and system requirements of the
AQUIP system programs appears in Table 1. This table is based on the
assumption that only the four AQUIP programs, MARTIK, LANTRAN, IMPACT and
SYMAP are executed from a disk-resident load module. The utility programs,
which are less-frequently used, are assumed to be run from binary decks for
the IBM 360/75.
The number of runs required is based on the minimum number of runs
required for analysis of the Hackensack Meadowlands 1990 plan (for three
seasons). Two MARTIK runs are assumed for each season (for: (1) point and
gridded area sources, and (2) line sources). Single-run execution times are
given as cpu time ranges. Of all the programs, only MARTIK is not I/O
bound, and thus actual running times for the others are determined by the
time required for printing.
Peripherals required by AQUIP system software are:
1 Card Reader
1 132-Character printer with program control over carriage spacing
1 Card Punch
1 2314 or equivalent disk for object-module storage (for programs
to be executed from disk)
1 Sequential 2314 disk file for the AQUIP run log ("LOGDATA") file.
3 Sequential data files (tape or disk) for data sets.
Storage requirements for object modules and data sets are given in
Table 1. ,
1.5 System Run-Log
All programs in the AQUIP system make use of a simple run-log procedure,
built around subroutine HEADR and the disk file "LOGDATA". Although actually
38
-------
TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF AQUIP PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
Program Name
COMPUTER
I STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
A. Core-no overlays, k bytes
B. Core-with overlays, k bytes
C . Program Storage (disk) ,
tracks
D. Deck size, cards
II OPERATING REQUIREMENTS
A. Relative number of runs'- '
B. Single run cpu time, min
C. Total cpu time per plan,
min.
D. Single run print pages
III DATA SET REQUIREMENTS
A. Number of 2311/2314 Files
B. Number of Tracks, total
C . Additional : Tapes (max)
Card punch?
LANTRAN
(PI)
360/75
190
115
45
3500
2
1-2
2-4
150-300
4
37
2
Yes
MART IK
(P2)
360/75
100
52
20
1800
6
15
90
15-25
3
4
0
Yes
IMPACT
(P3)
360/75
85
60
20
1500
4
.5-4
2-16
10-75
1
1
0
Yes
SYMAP
(P4)
360/75
250
85
45
5000
3
.25-2
1-6
10-50
4
16
2
No
METCON
(Ul)
360/75
-
_
600
.
1
-
10
1
1
0
Yes
UPDATE
(U2)
360/75
-
_
400
.
1
-
3*
1*
1*
0*
Yes
(!)M,
(2)
Minimum number of runs to analyze one Hackensack Meadowlands 1990 plan.
Run times do not include wait state (print) time.
*Depends upon application of program.
-------
a sequential file, the LOGDATA file is in effect a random-access file consist-
ing of a table of up to 100 coded entries identifying (1) a program number,
(2) version number, and (3) a sequential run number from 1 to 999. At the
beginning of each run of a program, a call to HEADR reads the file from
disk, searches the table for the appropriate program number and version \
"•'• I :!'. I •;:.• ':' •.
number, increments the run number, writes the new taBle'back dut to the.file,
and prints a header message with the program name, date and run number. Run
t,
numbers for version 1 of a program lie in the range 1001-1999J those-'for
version 2 in the range 2001-2999, etc. In this manner, .each run with a
"V •• . .V) '". 5
..*;..' ... 7' y . ....
given program, or version of a program is given a unique-'number," which is
useful in cataloging the output of a series of runs. In addition,;output
' ' ' " „.'" ..." ~.' ' 'I ,~ ]
card data sets are punched with a leader card:;: givingSthe?name,' 'date and .run
• ' "- i ">: -.^ :•
number appearing in columns'73-76 of each card.
>:. fi •;;
1.5.1 Run-Log Initialization "' ^
The run-log file LOGDATA must be previously initialized before~any of
the AQUIP programs may be run. As implemented, the .file has been properly
! ".'•.-'•
initialized for the New Jersey Department of Transportation computer facil-
ities. The following discussion is therefore aimed ;;at the eventual necess-
•*' " v ', '",
ity of reinitializing the file. .V .... -;, ? .;
'• • ..-. ( i
A simple "one-shot" FORTRAN IV program called "LOGGEN (program*U3) has
• •• , »' r> r; 1 I ,
been provided and is listed in the Appendix.. The..program; writes A table of
•. ' ' • - ' •' " o c -j 5:'. : '( ••••
100 zero integers into the file, endfiles it. and "stops.5 O.nce| the ;fii;e has
U" " ;...": ? ' -;
i-- c. j\-: ; :
been reinitialized, all run numbers will of couts?e begin a'gain at ;N001 where
- ' .:,:"' " l'i i...'. - -.;•; j
N is the version number of the program. . ''. " f; ,-7. i:-,; | "? \
; vi ! __• ;
Parameters for the LOGDATA file specified by the', fallowing 0S/360 Job
Control Language (JCL) statement are: . \ \ '
- ••«, i .
TABLE 2 Parameters for -LOGDATA-F-ile -•-'- - - --
//DOGDATA DD DSN=LOGDATA,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=2314,VOL=SER=000001
// DCB=(RECFM=VS,BLKSIZE=260),SPACE=(CYL,1)
40
-------
1.5.2 Output-Formatting Routines Page and Lines
An additional feature of this system, used in all programs (partially
in SYMAP) is output formatted with a standard header at the top of each page.
This header contains the program number, run number, program name, version,
level (date of the last modification to the program, expressed as an integer
of the form YYMMDD), the current run date, and the page number. This page
header is controlled by two system subroutines: PAGE and LINES (an entry in
PAGE). These routines are described briefly:
SUBROUTINE PAGE
Used in: All programs.
Called by: Any routine performing printed output
Arguments: None
Functions: Spaces to the top of the next page and prints the
"standard" header.
SUBROUTINE LINES (N,§S)
Used in: All programs except SYMAP
Called by: Any routine performing printed output.
Arguments:
N An integer representing the number of lines by which
the line pointer is to be incremented.
$S A FORTRAN statement number (S) to which control passes
when a new page has been started.
Functions: Initially, the line count is set to 4. Each call
to LINES increments the line count by N. When the
line count exceeds 57 (the maximum number of lines per
page) a call to PAGE is effected, the line count again
set to 4, and return is to statement S of the calling
program.
41
-------
1.6 Principles of Data Flow
The AQUIP system data definition involves the user directly in the
determination of names, units and meanings of the variable used in the
system. To a high degree, the user defines the data flow to fit the needs
of the particular system application. The "meaning" of a data set is thus
dependent upon the means of its creation (i.e., whether as a user created
punched card input, or the output of a computation step passed from one pro-
gram to another). This detailed control over the flow of data requires a
thorough understanding of the functions and usage of each program in the
AQUIP system, and at the same time, careful record-keeping to ensure that
the parameters applicable to all programs are mutually consistent. • Care
must also be taken to ensure that computation results of one program step
are correctly labeled to ensure for example that results for one season will
be used with other data for the same season.
The AQUIP system data flow is based on using keyword controlled pack-
ages. Many of these packages, such as the POINTS package, use identical
card formats. Using an interchangeable deck in several programs, the user
can be certain that he is using identical data for each of the programs.
This is useful for data such as POINTS where the receptor locations must be
identical in the several programs using the same receptor oriented data (such
as concentration at a receptor). Beyond the interchangeable datasets, the
AQUIP system programs also create keyword packages of data. These packages
may be either cards or card images on disk or tape. The keyword card format
permits use of card image datasets on disk or tape, using the variable 1C
on the keyword card.
This interchangeability is based partly on the uniform card formats,
42
-------
and partly on the modular structure of the programs. The keyword structure
enables the user to specify in significant detail the order of operations,
and the meaning of the variables. There is no set order for input keywords
or for keywords which perform calculations. Each keyword has a meaning,
which is the same in any of the programs in the AQUIP system. The POINTS
package specifies receptor locations; VALUES specifies receptor related
values. The SRCE package provides source data for MARTIK, regardless of
whether it is created by LANTRAN or by the user directly; it has the same
format in either case. COMPUTE operations are performed at the point at
which the package is encountered in the input data stream. There are, of
r
course, cases where one operation must be performed before another; in
LANTRAN, when using the optional COMPUTES to determine emissions, the
first COMPUTE package must calculate heat/hour before the second can
calculate the fuel that must be burned to provide the needed heat.
1.7 AQUIP Program Test Cases
In order to demonstrate explicitly the use of the AQUIP system, and
at the same time to illustrate the operation of the programs, a sequence
of "test cases" has been prepared. This sequence traces a hypothetical land-
use configuration throughout each program step. The preparation of input
and the resulting output .for each computation step are described as a
section in the discussion for each program.
The test cases include several examples of data decks created by one
program for use in another.. Specific examples are;
1) The emission 'SRCE' data calculated in LANTRAN and used in MARTIK;
43
-------
2) The background 'VALUES' calculated in MARTIK for later use in
other MARTIK runs;
3) The total air quality VALUES calculated in MARTIK for ALLOCATION
by LANTRAN to a grid.
4) THE "gridded" air quality calculated by LANTRAN for use in IMPACT.
The basic data flow applicable to the AQUIP test cases is shown in
Figure 12. This data flow is only one of many inherent in the system
design. The discussion for each program includes data flow diagrams which
indicate the types of data which are required as to the program, and the
types of data which are output by the program. This information may be used
to connect the programs in other meaningful ways to solve other problems.
This flexibility places a heavier load upon the user in defining his data-
flow to suit his problem; but it frees him to solve many more complex and
varied problems that can be found while analyzing various land use alterna-
tives. The AQUIP system has the flexibility to be used for new problems
requiring new dataflows.
The dataflow shown in Figure 12 is the conceptual dataflow in the test
cases that were run. The input data is not specified in the actual order
input, but rather is grouped by meaning.
Project grid data is the information required by the program to define
the coordinate system and gridding system being used by the particular pro-
ject. This information specifies the same coordinates and grid for each
of the program whenever runs are being made in the project. This informa-
tion may be chosen differently for different projects, but remains the
same within a project.
44
-------
8967
Land Use
Data
Control
Data
Project
Grid
Background
Emmissions
Control
Data
Recepton
-^
on
( Highway &
Special
Emmissions
Control
Data
Receptors
LANTRAN
Emmis-
sions
'SRCE'
Data
Listing of
Calculations
• MARTIK
*
^=^
s ^
Listing of
Results
/-
Back-
ground
'VALUES'
MARTIK
Total
Air
Quality
'VALUES'
Listing of
Results
PI
I Control
f Project
1 Grid
I Land Use
| Data
Control
1 Data
f Project .
Grid
/ User Impact
I Operations
1 Grid
f Control
Grid
1
(
I Receptors
^"^
^
x^
^k
U-fc,
"^
s*
i^
•M
^"^
*^^_
^<_.
<-"^
f
i
1
t
IMPACT
1
^ — ^
Gridded
Air
Quality
"~ ^
^ ^
Gridded
Population
Receptors
V^BB
k fc.
*+-" 9*
Listing of
Results
^/^
Listing of
Results
^_^
Listing of
p ys
^^/^~
PS
^s
Figure 12 Test Case Flow Data
-------
Land-use data is the same for all programs for each of the land use
plans considered. It can of course vary from plan to plan.
The receptor locations must be the same for all programs used in the
project. Data created with different receptors cannot directly be merged.
Conversion by LANTRAN to a standard grid is the only method for properly
merging values calculated for different receptor locations.
The non-universal datasets are: the control data, which controls
program operation and varies from program to program. Within this category
is also included the order in which data are given.
Highway and incinerator emissions^must be specially-calculated in addition
to the LANTRAN output, for use as input to MARTIK, as explained in the Task 1
Report. .'••••
User impact analysis operations represent the control data for.the IMPACT
program. These operations determine the methodology by which the impact of
the air pollution levels is assessed.
The structuring of inputs, data set descriptions and detailed data flow
pertinent to the programs is given in the program discussion sections 2-5.
46
-------
2. LAND-USE DATA TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM (LANTRAN) PI
2.1 Introduction
The purpose of the LANTRAN program is to convert land-use data to a
rectangular grid system; to provide land-use statistics; to provide certain
commonly used preprocessing procedures for land-use data; and, to establish
data sets for use by other programs. This data may be separately calculated
emissions data, or it may be land use data which will be converted into
emissions data using the LANTRAN COMPUTES, or it may be some other data
which is available on figures and is desired on a grid.
The program is organized around two basic forms of data: that related
to land-use activities and represented by a set of geographically defined
"figures" and that related to a grid system with its associated "cells".
In LANTRAN the "figures" are the input and the grid system the output; i.e.,
the result of an allocation of activities defined on the figures to cells of
the grid system. Internally, the two forms of data are represented by two
large arrays. The first enables up to 18 different sets of data to be defined
on up to 400 different figures, with each figure consisting of either: (1)
a single point; (2) a broken line of up to 50 vertices; or (3) a polygon
area of up to 50 vertices. The 18 ''variables" are assigned symbolic names
by the user at .run time, making possible the manipulation of data by refer-
ence to the symbolic name. Examples of symbolic names which might be useful
in land-use applications are 'POP-DENS' for population density of 'DU/ACRE'
for density of dwelling units per acre of residential land.
The second array corresponds to the same 18 variables defined on a grid
system of up to 400 cells.. The grid system is specified by the horizontal
and vertical coordinates of its "origin", the cell count in the horizontal
47
-------
and vertical directions, and the dimension of the grid cell in the horizontal
and vertical directions. In addition, a scale parameter is specified to
enable a convenient set of units such as kilometers or miles to be used for
the coordinate system, and the physical height of the grid system is speci-
fied in meters.
In summary, the use of LANTRAN consists of (1) defining the set of
FIGURES; (2) defining the variables associated with the figures and assign-
ing VALUES for these variables to the figures; (3) performing an ALLOCATION
which distributes selected variables among cells of the grid system; and,
(4) creating an OUTPUT data set defined on the grid system, and putting
this data set out either in punched-card form or as card images on a speci-
fied file.
In addition, the two basic forms of data represented by the figure-
(
values or "FV" array and the grid-values or "GV" array may be manipulated
before or after allocation using an application-specific subroutine (COMP)
written by the user.
2.1.1 Allocation Modes
Any number of "allocations" may take place within one program run, with
each allocation assigning up to six variables according to one of four
modes:
1) Allocation by Extent
In mode 1, any point is allocated to the cell containing it. Partially
contained lines or polygons are allocated in proportion to the length or
area falling with a given grid cell. Internally, data assigned to either
the FV or GV system are expressed as intensive variables. Thus, if an
48
-------
extensive variable is given for a figure variable (e.g., total population),
it is first converted to intensive form by dividing by the figure area (or
length). Variables allocated to the grid system are thus in the form of
units per square scale unit and are therefore independent of the size of
the grid cell chosen.
Examples:
a. Allocation of population density 'POP-DENS' given by county
(polygon figures). After allocation, each cell of the grid
system contains the mean population density (in the same units
as those given for the counties).
b. Allocation of vehicle density 'VEH-DENS1 given by highway (line
figures). If the input data are given in terms of vehicles per
linear scale unit the values allocated to grid cells will be in
vehicles per square scale unit.
2) Allocation by Association
In mode 2, one of the variables of the FV system is selected as a
"reference variable." Within any grid cell, the figure for which the total
of the reference variable contained within the cell is maximum is said to
be "predominant" for that cell. For each variable allocated by mode 2, the
value assigned to the cell is that of the predominant figure for that cell.
Examples:
a. Allocation of effective stack height 'STK-HT' could be accomplished
using mode 2 with stack volume 'STK-VOL' used as a reference vari-
able. In this case the figure with the largest integrated stack
volume within a cell would determine the value of the stack height
assigned to the cell.
49
-------
8315
J
Figure 13 Contour Source Map
-------
b. A variable representing water 'WATER1 might be allocated using
mode 2 with the reference variable being the area of a figure repre-
senting a body of water ('EXTENT' for a polygon figure), or land. For any
cell in which the body of water is predominant, the value of 'WATER' is set
to that of the body of water, and vice versa.
3) Allocation by Interpolation
In mode 3, the value assigned to a given cell is the result of a
weighted average of figures with the weight for each figure determined by
the inverse-square of the distance from the cell centroid to the figure
centroid. In this mode, a number of figures may be used to produce a
surface on the output grid system.
Examples
a. Allocation of pollutant concentrations given at selected
points called "receptors" might best be done with mode 3. If 'HYDROC' is
the symbolic name assigned to the hydrocarbon concentration at the set of
point figures, allocation by mode 3 yields a surface and the value for each
cell is thus the surface mean for that cell.
4. Allocation by Proximity
In mode 4, the value assigned to a given cell is that corresponding to
the figure whose centroid lies closest to the cell centroid.
Examples
a. In determination of the influence of shopping centers upon a
given cell, mode 4 would be used if the residents of a cell were assumed to
to use the nearest shopping center. In this case a variable representing
51
-------
sales volume for shopping centers might be allocated to yield sales volume
per square scale unit for each grid cell.
2.1.2 Keyword Package Summary
Program input is organized along the keyword package structure described
in Section 1.3. In the AQUIP version of LANTRAN, the following keyword pack-
ages have been implemented:
PARAMETERS
This card directs the reading of a parameter namelist £ INPUT in which
all run options and computation parameters are specified. All parameters
have defaults, and need be specified only when they are changed. Some
internal program parameters are also accessible to the user through the 5INPUT
namelist. A list of currently implemented parameters appears in Section 2.2.1.
FIGURES
This card initiates the reading of land-use "Figures" in SYMAP A-CON-
FORMALINES format. Point, line of polygon area figures may be specified,
with up to 50 vertices allowed for a single figure. The figures are trans-
ferred to data set #11 for allocation to a grid system via an ALLOCATION
package.
POINTS
This card initiates the reading of point "Figures" in MARTIK format.
Each card defines the horizontal and vertical coordinates of a single point.
Each point thus defined is added to the Figures data set #11 just as if it
had been read in with a FIGURES package.
52
-------
VALUES
This card initiates the reading of values to be assigned to up to 400
figures. Up to 18 different sets of values may exist at any one time, each
i
set identified by a symbolic name (e.g., 'BTU/HR') specified at run time.
Up to six such variables may be defined and initialized in one VALUES pack-
age. Values, punched six to a card initialize the specified variables for
one figure. Again, if values are to be changed, only those to be changed
need be included in the VALUES package. Of the 18 variable sets, the first
is permanently reserved for the figure "extent", which is the area of a
polygon, length of a line and unit for a point figure. The name of this
first variable is 'EXTENT.1
GRID
This card allows the grid systems which correspond to the 18 sets of
variables to be initialized for (1) transformation or (2) manipulation using
a COMP subroutine. Up to six variables may be defined or redefined in one
GRID package. Each card initializes the specified variables for one single
cell of the set. Up to 400 cells may exist in any single set of grids.
ALLOCATION
This card initiates a package which allocates the figures described by
the FIGURES package to the specified grid system. The ALLOCATION package con-
tains four allocation commands: (1) the mode command selects one of four
allocation modes and allocates up to six variables to their corresponding
grid systems; (2) the list command causes named grid system variables to
be listed in F-format; (3) the plot command causes named grid variables to
be plotted graphically using the GPLOT subroutine; and (4) the zero
command sets named grid variables to zero.
53
-------
ACTIVITIES
This card initiates the reading of a set of activity-dependent parameters
which may optionally be assigned as values for land-use figures or control
the assignment and allocation of values to figures or to a grid system. Each
activity is coded by means of an 8-character word (e.g., 'S2036') which
defines an entry in the activities table. In addition, each activity code
carries another 8-character key word representing (if non-blank) the code
of the activity whose parameters are to be applied to this activity (e.g.,
'S20361 may use the parameters of 'S20'). Seven variables are given in the
table for each activity, relating to such fundamental properties as popula-
tion density, heat demand, etc.
OUTPUT
This card causes an output data set to be created in GRID format,
with six named variables put out in card-image format on a specified data
set.
CLEAR
This card clears the symbol table, and resets the number of variables
to one ('EXTENT' is never deleted from the table). All grids are zeroed, as
are all sets of figure values except 'EXTENT'.
COMMENTS
This card initiates the reading of a package designed for the convenience
of annotating the output with comments. Any number of comments cards may
follow, each with a carriage control character (blank, 0 or 1) in column 15,
and the comments line in columns 21-70. A non-blank character in column 72
indicates that an additional comment card is to follow. Comments are read
54
-------
and printed until the last card read contains a blank in columns 71-72. An
additional feature of the LANTRAN data set structure is that for most card
data sets, comments may be imbedded in the data by punching a non-blank
character in column 72 of the card read before the comments are inserted.
COMPUTE
This package has been provided to enable the LANTRAN program to be
adapted easily to special cases in which user-designated calculations and
data set manipulations are to be done at intermediate stages of a job.
The COMPUTE card calls a user-written subroutine COMP, which may perform
calculations, additional input-output, and manipulation of data sets as
required by the specific program applications.
ENDJOB
This card causes termination of the program with the message "END OF
PROGRAM".
These packages are discussed in detail in Section 2.2, with the excep-
tion of COMMENTS and ENDJOB which are discussed in Section 1.3, and COMPUTE
which is covered in Section 2.3.
2.1.3 Program Output
The normal output of LANTRAN consists of:
1. Listing of figure data as read in, including the coordinates of the
centroid and extent for each figures.
2. Listing of values for figures as read in, tabulated by variable.
3. Listing of the extent of figures as allocated to grid cells by
mode 1.
55
-------
4. Tabular listing of values assigned by allocation to grid cells,
given by variable.
5. A graphical plot of each resultant grid using symbols representing
up to 10 value levels with symbolism made up of four overprint characters.
6. For each grid-plot, a listing of the number of cells falling within
each value range.
7. One or more output data sets of grid values in card-image format
either as punched cards or as a disk or tape file.
2.2 Keyword Packages
2.2.1 PARAMETERS
The format of the LANTRAN PARAMETERS package is as given in Section
1.3.3. The name, type, dimension, default value and a brief description of
meaning is given for each parameter currently accepted by the namelist
& INPUT:
Name Type Dim.
SCALE R4 1
JC 14 1
ORIGIN R4 2
GX
GY
NX
R4
R4
14
Default Meaning
1000 Coordinate scale unit, meters
0 Zero if no output data set; other-
wise, the data set reference number
of the output data set.
O.,0. Horizontal (east-west) and vertical
(north-south) coordinates of grid
origin in scale units; (southwest
corner of grid-cell with indices
(1,1) )
1.0 Horizontal dimension of grid cell,
in scale units
1.0 Vertical dimension of grid cell in
scale units.
0 Number of cells in the horizontal
direction.
56
-------
Name Type Dim.
Default
Meaning
NY
14
RZRO R4 1
NLEV 14 1
LEV R4 10
0 Number of cells in the vertical
direction.
1.0 E-4 Square of the distance R~ within
which points to be allocated by mode 3
are given equal weight.
10 Number of value levels for PLOT.
* The set of maximum values correspond-
ing to each value range for PLOT.
SYMB R4
10
PRINT L4 1
REWIND 14 10
HEADR L4 1
* The set of symbols corresponding to
each value range for PLOT. Each
symbol contains up to 4 characters
to be combined by overprinting.
.TRDE. False for partial print suppression.
10*0 Set to zero before reading namelist.
Any non-zero data set number is re-
wound at this point.
.TRUE. False to suppress output 'of SRCE
card in output data set.
Default values for the plot parameters are given in the following table:
Level
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Minimum
Value
--
0.
1.
2.
S.
10.
20.
50.
100.
200.
Maximum
Value
0.
1.
2.
5.
10.
20.
50
100.
200.
—
Symbol
1 ' (blank)
i _ i
i _ i
'e'
'+•
'X1
'0'
'0-'(note overprint)
•OX'
'OXAV
*See list.
57
-------
2.2.2 FIGURES
This package reads in the set of point, or polygon "figures" which define
a land-use plan, and writes it to unit 11. A figure may consist of a
single point (one vertex), a broken line (two or more vertices), or a closed
polygon (four or more vertices with the last coincident with the first). Here
a "vertex" is defined as a pair of coordinates (horizontal, vertical) measured
in scale units, which locate a point. Within the FIGURES package, each "ver-
tex" is described by a single card, and one figure may have up to 50 vertices.
Up to 400 figures may exist at any one time in the LANTRAN program. Note
that a FIGURES package may be read by a SYMAP A-CONFORMOLINES package (Section
5.2.2) for optional conformant-zone plotting of land-use data.
FIRST CARD
LAST CARD
INTERMEDIATE
CARDS
FIRST CARD
Columns
1-5
10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-70
Keyword card 'FIGURES
Delimiter card '99999
Data cards (one
Identification
Variable Format
IREF
JT
XX
YY
PLAN
CODE
• 15
Al
F10.3
1 in "standard" format (Section 1.3.2)
i
or more for each figure) :
card (one for each figure)
Meaning
Figure reference number. If zero, the
figure is assigned the next number in
the sequence.
'P', 'L' or 'A'
Horizontal coordinate of first vertex,
scale units.
F10.3 Vertical coordinate of first vertex,
A8, 2X
A8, 2X
TITLE 5A4
scale units
8-character code (for printing only) .
8-character activity reference code.
20-character title for printing.
58
-------
FOLLOWING CARDS - One
Columns Variable
1-5
6-9 IV
10
11-20 XX
21-30 YY
31-70
for each additional vertex.
Format
Must be blank
Meaning
14 Vertex number, beginning with 2 and
increasing by one with each vertex.
Must be in order, (proceeding in a
clockwise direction for positive area) .
Must be blank
F10.3 Coordinate of
F10.3 Coordinate of
Not used.
vertex
vertex
NOTE that for an area figure, the last vertex must be identical to the first;
i.e., the figure must be closed. NOTE also that a maximum of 50 vertices are
allowed, for any one figure.
The procedure for coding figures is shown below. The first example
represents a line figure, the second a simple area figure, and the third
an area with a "hole" in the center (coded counter-clockwise for negative
area).
EXAMPLE #1
EXAMPLE #2
EXAMPLE #3
Procedures for Coding Figures with Examples
for Line and Area Figures
(0
IO
59
-------
2.2.3 POINTS -
This package reads in the coordinates for a set of point figures in
MARTIK format. These data are then added to the data set on unit 11 just as
if read in a SYMAP 'B-DATA POINTS' package (Section 5.2.3) for optional plot-
ting of land-use data.
FIRST CARD - Keyword card "POINTS' in standard format (Section 1.3.2).
FOLLOWING CARDS - One for each point figure.
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-7 Must be.blank
8-10 IREF 13 Figure reference number, with same
conventions as for. FIGURES.
11-20 XX F10.5 Horizontal coordinate, .scale units.
21-30 YY F10.5 Vertical coordinates, scale units.
31-40 -- F10.5 Height, meters (not used by LANTRAN)
41-70 TITLE 7A4,A2 30-character name for printing.
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'
2.2.4 VALUES
This package reads in the set of values for six named variables to be
assigned to figures. Each card causes the values for the six variables to
be assigned to one identified figure. Only those figures referenced by a
VALUES package are modified. If the variable names given on the "name" card
have been previously defined, values replace those previously assigned;
otherwise the name is added to the list. A maximum of 18 variables, includ-
ing 'EXTENT' are allowed. Note that the card format for 'VALUES' is identical
to that used in MARTIK (Section 3.2.4), and that a 'VALUES' package may be
60
-------
read by a SYMAP 'E-VALUES' package (Section 5.2.5) for optional plotting
of land-use data.
FIRST CARD
SECOND CARD
Columns
1*10
11-18
19-20
21-28
29-30
69-70
- Keyword card 'VALUES' in standard format (Section 1.3.
- Variable Name Card
2).
Variable Format Meaning
VN(1) A8
KT(1) A2
VN(2) AS""
KT(2) A2
•
•
KT(6) A2
Must be blank.
Name of first variable
Blank if variable is intensive as
read in; if non-blank, values are
divided by figure extent .
' Names and type codes for variables
2 through 6.
FOLLOWING CARDS - One for each figure to be initialized.
1-7
8-10
11-20
61-70
LAST CARD
IFIG 13
FVAL(l) F10
•
FVAL(6) F10
- Delimiter card '
Must be blank
Reference number of figure. to
values are to be assigned.
"1
) Values for up to 6 variables.
.sj
99999'
which
NOTE that up to six variables may be assigned in one 'VALUES' package. If
less than six are to be assigned, the name fields for the remaining are left
blank.
61
-------
2.2.5 GRID
This package defines a grid system and initializes a subset of the
cells of that system with values for up to six variables. It is analogous
to the 'VALUES' package except that it refers to cells of a grid system
rather than to figures. In LANTRAN, a grid of up to 400 cells may be
defined.
NOTE that a 'GRID' package may be read by a MARTIK 'SRCE' package (Section
3.2.7.)
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'GRID' in standard format (Section 1.3.2).
SECOND CARD - Variable name card.
Columns
1-10
11-20
21-30
Variable
VN(1)
VN(2)
Format
A8,2X
A8,2X
Meaning
Must be blank.
Name of first variable (must be inten-
sive as read)
Names of variables 2-6.
61-70 VN(6) A8.2X
THIRD CARD - Grid parameter card,
1-5
6-10
11-20
21-30
31,40
NX
NY
ORIGIN(l)
ORIGIN(2)
GX
15
15
F10.5
F10.5
F10.5
Number of cells in the horizontal
direction.
Number of cells in the vertical direc-
tion.
Horizontal coordinate of grid (south-
west corner of cell (1,1), scale u.
Vertical coordinate of grid origin,
scale u.
Horizontal grid-cell dimension, scale
units.
NOTE that up to six variables may be assigned in one 'GRID' package. If
less than six are to be assigned, the name fields for the remaining are left
blank.
62
-------
Columns
41-50
51-60
61-70
FOLLOWING
1-5
6-10
11-20
•
61-70
LAST CARD
Variable
GY
SCALE
HH
CARDS One
IX
IY
GVAL(l)
•
GVAL(6)
Delimiter
Format
F10.5
F10.5
F10.5
for each
15
15
F10.5
•
Meaning
Vertical grid-cell dimension scale
units.
Scale unit, meters.
Height, meters
grid-cell to be initialized.
Horizontal cell index.
Vertical cell index.
•^
> Values for up to six variables.
F10.5
card '99999'
2.2.6 ACTIVITIES
This package reads in up to seven categories of data which can be
linked to figures by means of the 'CODE' field punched in the 'FIGURES'
package for each figure (see Section 2.2.2). These data are actually not
used by any of the "standard" functions of LANTRAN, but instead form a data
set for manipulation by a user-written COMP routine. The activity names,
and the values assigned may thus be different in each application. A system
of 'CODE' designations may be developed such that only those activity values
which are different need be entered.
63
-------
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'ACTIVITIES' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
SECOND CARD - Activity variable name card.
Column Variable Format Meaning
1-10 AVNAM(l) A8,2X^|
I Activity variable names (up to seven)
61-70 AVNAM(7) A8,2xJ
FOLLOWING CARDS - One or two cards per activity code (up to 100)
FIRST CARD - Activity code identification card (one for each code)
1-10 KEY A8,2X Key-activity code
11-20 ACT A8,2X Activity code
21-30 TITLE 12A4.A2 Activity name for printing.
SECOND CARD - Present only if ACT is blank on first card.
1-10 VALUE(l) F10.5
Values for up to 7 activity variables
to be assigned to this activity code.
61-70 VALUE(7) F10.5
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'
The use of the 'KEY' and 'ACT' activity codes is as follows: If both
the KEY and ACT fields are non-blank, the values (previously) assigned to
the code KEY are assigned as well to code ACT. The second card doesn't exist
in this case. If, however, only KEY is specified, then a second card does
follow to supply values for assignment to that code.
As an example, consider a set of four basic sets of transportation codes
Tl, ,T4. A unique set of values for the activity variables is to be
assigned to codes Tl and T2, but codes T3 and T4 are to use those assigned
to Tl. Then the setup of the ACTIVITIES package would be:
64
-------
KEY
Tl
T2
Tl
Tl
ACT
T3
T4
TITLE
(Title, code Tl)
(second card with Tl assignments)
(Title, code T2)
(second card with T2 assignments)
(Title, code T3)
(Title, code T4)
2.2.7 ALLOCATION
This package controls the allocation of figure values from the "FV" array
to the grid system represented by the "GV" array. The package is made up of
subsets,each controlling one of four functions:
1. MODE - perform an allocation according to a specified mode.
2. LIST - tabulate grid values for selected variables
3. PLOT - plot grid values for selected variables
4. ZERO - set grid values to zero
Each function sub-package consists of one or more control cards. The
format of the first card of the sub-package is always the same, while that of
additional cards (if any) depends upon the function. In this and all other
data packages columns 71-72 are used to signal subsequent comments cards,
and columns 73-80 are reserved for card sequencing.
65
-------
FIRST CARD - (of ALLOCATION package) - Keyword card 'ALLOCATION' in
standard format (Section 1.3.2)
INTERMEDIATE CARDS - Grouped in function subpackages.
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'.
The format of the function subpackages is as follows:
FIRST CARD (of each function subpackage)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-4 KEY A4 'MODE1. 'LIST', 'PLOT' or 'ZERO'
5-7 Nl 13 Parameter Nl
8-10 N2 13 Parameter N2
11-20 NAME(l)
21-30 NAME(2)
Names of variables
61-70 NAME(6) A8,2X
SECOND AND FOLLOWING CARDS - Format dependent upon function subpackage.
(1) MODE Function - FIRST CARD
Nl = mode to be used for allocation (1 to 4)
N2 = allocation option: 0 to allocate all figures
1 to allocate selected figures
2 to allocate all but selected figures
NAME refers to variables to be allocated.
If N = 2 (MODE 2), the second card of the subpackage must contain
the name of the reference variable punched in columns 11-20. For
MODES 1, 3 and 4, this second card is omitted.
66
-------
Columns
1-5
5-10
.
65-70
Variable
IREF(l)
IREF(2)
•
IREF(14)
Format Meaning
15 1
15
(
Figure reference numbers.
15 J
If N2 = 0, no additional cards follow in the MODE function subpackage.
If N2 = 1, there are as many additional cards as required to list the
figures to be allocated according to the above format. The
list is terminated with the figure reference number 999.
If N2 = 2, there are as many additional cards as required to list the
figures not to be allocated. Again, the list is terminated
with the figure reference number 999.
EXAMPLE
0 1 2 3 4.5 6 7
01234567890125456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
ALLOCATION EXAMPLE OF MODE FUNCTION SUBPACKAGE
MODE 1 BTU/HR DU/ACRE OP-SCH
MODE 2 1STK-HT
STK-VOL
1 8 17 999
MODE 3 2POP-DENS EMP-DENS VEH-DENS
32 33 41 57 62 999
99999
In the example, the variables 'BTU/HR, 'DU/ACRE1, 'OP-SCH' representing
densities for heat consumption, dwelling unit density and plant operating
schedule are allocated for all figures by extent. The stack height is
determined using stack volume as a reference variable only for three figures,
with reference numbers 1, 8 and 17. MODE 3 is used to allocate population
density 'POP-DENS', employee density 'EMP-DENS1 and vehicle density 'VEH-DENS1
for all figures but those listed, with reference numbers 32, 33, 41, 57 and 62.
67
-------
2. LIST Function (one card only)
Nl, N2 not used. NAME refers to variables to be listed.
EXAMPLE
01234567
01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901254567890
LIST BTU/HR STK-HT POP-DENS EMP-DENS VEH-DENS
In the example, the variables 'BTU/HR1, 'STK-HT1, 'POP-DENS', 'EMP-DENS' and
'VEH-DENS1 are tabulated by grid cell beginning with the top row (most
northerly).
3. PLOT Function (first card)
Nl = PLOT option: 0 use previously determined symbols
1 input a new symbol set
N2 = PLOT option: 0 use previously determined levels
1 input a new set of levels
2 use variable range to set levels
NAME refers to variables to be plotted.
If both Nl and N2 are 0, no additional cards follow in the PLOT function
subpackage. If Nl = 1, a card of the format follows the first:
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-5 NLEV 15 Number of levels if non-zero.
•
11-15 ISYMB(l) A4,1X
16-20 ISYMB(2) A4.1X
\
New symbol set
I
56-60 ISYMB(IO) A4.1X
If N2 = 1 a card, or cards, of the following format follows:
1-5 NLEV 15 Number of levels if non-zero.
11-20 VLEV(l) GL0.3
21-30 VLEV(2) G10.3
New values for levels 1-6.
61-70 VLEV(6) G10.3
(Continued beginning columns 11-20 with VLEV(7) if NLEV is greater than 6.)
68
-------
EXAMPLE
01234567
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890125456789012345678901254567890
PLOT BTU/HR POP-DENS
PLOT 1 WATER
2 . OXAV
PLOT 1 1VEH-DENS EMP-DENS HYDROC
5 . 0 0- OXAV
0. 5. 10. 50. 100.
In the example, the variables 'BTU/HR' and 'POP-DENS' are plotted using
previously defined symbols and levels. The variable 'WATER' is plotted
using previously defined level values but new symbols for a binary (two-
level) plot. In the third case, 'VEH-DENS','EMP-DENS' and 'HYDROC' are to
be plotted using 5 levels with both the symbols and levels defined. As
given above, all values less than 0. are denoted by the symbol ".", those
between 0. and 5. by "=", etc.
4. ZERO Function (one card)
Nl, N2 not used. NAME refers to variables for which all grid cell
values are to be set to zero.
EXAMPLE
01234567
1254567890123456789012345678901234567890125456789012545678901254567890
ZERO POP-DENS EMP-DENS
In the example, the variables 'POP-DENS' and 'EMP-DENS1 are set to zero for
each cell of the grid system. NOTE that prior to allocation by MODES 5 or
4 (which relate all grid cells to figures) the grid is automatically zeroed.
For MODE 1, allocated values are added to those already assigned to the grid
system. For MODE 2, values already assigned are unchanged unless at least
one figure to be allocated "overlaps" a given cell.
69
-------
Additional Considerations for Allocation Package
1. The special variable 'EXTENT1 which represents the set of figure
extents is stored as the first variable of the FV array. It may be treated
as any other variable; i.e., it may be allocated or used as a reference vari-
able with MODE 2. If a single figure is allocated by MODE 1, for example,
the grid variable 'EXTENT' represents the extent to which each cell is
contained in the figure (0. to 1.0). If 'EXTENT' is used as a reference
variable for MODE 2, care should be exercised in mixing point, line and
area figures within one allocation, since 'EXTENT' has a different physical
meaning for each type of figure. Since the intensive variable associated
with 'EXTENT' is unit density, the result of an allocation of 'EXTENT' by
MODES 3 or 4 is to assign the value 1.0 to each cell of the grid system.
2. If total values rather than densities are desired in the gridded
output (e.g., population per cell rather than population density within each
cell) this result may be obtained by multiplying each cell value by the cell
area GX*GY (scale units**2) or GX*GY*SCALE**2 (meters**2), using a COMP
routine invoked after the allocation procedure.
2.2.8 OUTPUT
This package creates an output data set for up to six selected variables,
and puts it out in card-image format, as a 'GRID' package. If the output
unit specified is 7, a 'GRID' package is punched.
70
-------
FIRST WORD - Keyword card 'OUTPUT1 in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
SECOND CARD - Variable name card (last card)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-10 Must be blank.
11-20 VN(1) . A8,2X _
Names of variables to be output (up
to six)
61-70 VN(6) A8,2X.'
NOTE that a '99999' card may be used with an 'OUTPUT' package, but is not
required.
2.2.9 CLEAR
This single keyword card causes all variables except 'EXTENT' to be
deleted from the symbol table. All figure and grid values are set to zero.
2.3 AQUIP System Implementation
2.3.1 LANTRAN COMPUTE Routines for AQUIP
The LANTRAN COMPUTE subroutines perform two functions: (1) generation
of emissions by figure from land-use data (IFORM = 1,2,3 and 4); and (2)
allocation of specified land uses or their derivative (e.g., number of school
children:per cell) selected for correlation with air-quality levels (IFORM =
5 and 6).
The general function of each subroutine is as follows:
IFORM - 1: Calculates the heating requirements per figure, based on
planning data.
IFORM = 2: Calculates emissions per figure, based on heating require-
ments, fuel use and emission factors.
71
-------
IFORM = 3: Compares emissions with size criteria, creates point sources
separately, and prepares the remainder for allocation to gridded area cells.
IFORM = 4: Outputs point sources for the specified season. This is a
general input-output routine; it may also be used if computations are to
be done step by step, or if none of the listed output is desired except
the final results.
IFORM = 5: Allocates specified land-uses or derivatives for impact
analysis correlation (creates the correlation data set).
I FROM = 6: A functional route for deleting a certain number of values
without necessarily deleting all -- useful when interested in more than 17
land uses.
Data Preparation for LANTRAN COMPUTE
To aid in the understanding of the datasets, needed by the COMPUTES, the
following two sections describe the conversion of irregular land-use areas
into "figures," and the determination of land-use values for these figures.
The first section illustrates the techniques used in taking the shapes that
are found on the land-use base map and finding the vertices of the polygons
that will be input to the program in the FIGURES package. The methods used
to determine the emissions from a figure are best described by using the
sections of the Task 1 Report and its appendix that describe how they were
specified for this study. The values given for the variables are not fixed
values, but instead represent variables selected for evaluation by planners
and scientists.
t
Figure 13 illustrates the method used to obtain a polygonal figure from
an irregular shape. The vertices are chosen to correspond to the locations
72
-------
that best define the shape. Comparison of the straight line approximation
to the sides of the shape indicates that some parts of the shape have been
lost while other areas outside the shape are included in the polygon. More
vertices could be chosen to get a closer fit to the shape if this fit is
insufficiently accurate, or when the areas lost and gained are small they
could be ignored as not significant errors.
With the vertices of the approximating polygon chosen, the user then
determines the coordinates of the vertices in the coordinate system being
used, and creates data cards in accordance with the FIGURES package des-
cription, Section 2.2.2.
The following discussion has been taken from the Task 1 Report of the
Hackensack Meadowlands study, to illustrate the use of the LANTRAN program
in application to that study.
Figure 14 shows the flow of information from activities to emissions.
The first step involves the land use figures with their associated activity
codes. The specific activity or land use codes used in the Hackensack
Meadowlands study are shown in Figure 15. This table is discussed in detail
in Section 4.1 of the Task 1 report, and included here for completeness of
the present discussion.
The numerous land use categories were aggregated into six major categories
for purposes of analysis. These are open space, institutional, residential,
commercial, industrial and transportation as shown in Figure 14. Emissions
from open space were considered negligible on an annual average basis and
not treated in the analysis. Emissions from institutuional, residential
and commercial were considered to be only fuel-use related, whereas emissions
from industrial sources included both fuel and process emissions.
73
-------
5164 A
Negligible
• Activity Indices?
AI \ Density |
I Lot Coverage
. Pupils/Classroom
Actv. I Heat Demand
| per Unit
Sched. \ % Space Heating
| Hrs. of Operation
Fuel Use
I
| 1
• Emission Factors I
I I
I Fuel Emissions
Process Emissions
Heating
\
Determine
No. of Classrooms
Figure 14
Land-Use Figures with Activity
Codes
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
Heating
\
Heating
Determine
No. of D.U.
Determine
No. of Sq. Ft.
Determine Heat Demand per hour
for Each Land-Use Figure to be Heated
I
Determine Fuel Use for Each Land
Use Figure
I
Determine Fuel Emissions for Each
Land-Use Figure
I
Determine Process Emissions
Each Land-Use Figure
I
Total Emissions
Heating & Process
\
Determine
No. of Sq. Ft.
Flow of Information from Activities to Emissions as Used
in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study
Non-Heating
I
8
-------
Figure 15
Land Use Plan Activities Used in the
Hackensack Meadowlands Study
(Task 1 Report, Section 4.1)
Category
Residential
low density (10 du/acre)
medium density (20 du/acre)
medium density (30 du/acre)
high density (50 du/acre)
high density (80 du/acre)
island resid. (50 du/acre)
parkside resid. (50 du/acre)
Commercial
business -neighborhood
business -community.
business-Berry's Creek Center
hotel £ highway
Institutional
primary schools
secondary schools
cultural center
special uses
Industrial
manufacturing
distribution
research
Transportation
transportation center
airport
stadium parking lot
Open Space
conservation
parks
water
commercial recreation
Code
•
R01
R21
R31
R32
R22
Rll
R12
Cll
C12
C31
C21
111
112
171
190
S20xx-S39xx
542
S89
T10
T20
T30
Zll
Z12
Z20
Z31
Plan 1 -
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1A -
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
IB -
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1C
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Notes:
Code pertains to the land use activity codes as used with the LANTRAN
program; the above is the complete list used in the study. Four-digit
SIC codes (2000-3999) were used for manufacturing activities. Other
codes were developed for this study and do not correspond to any
published classification system. The activity indices and emission factors
used with the Meadowlands Plans are referenced to this activity code list.
75
-------
In the Hackensack Meadowlands study, transportation emissions were divided
into several categories. Discussions with the Meadowlands planners indicated
that all highway emissions should be treated as line sources separately from
the plans. Railroad emissions were considered negligible since most propul-
sion involves electric engines. Emissions from water transportation vehicles
were considered negligible as well. The airport was handled as a non-fuel
burning source with emissions related directly to the number of flights. A
further refinement could have involved the specification of terminal areas
as separate fuel-burning sources, but these were considered to be negligible
in the regional scale annual average case. The parking lots for the sports
stadium were also treated as separate non-fuel burning sources of emissions
related to the number of vehicles idling at any one time. Actual transpor-
tation centers (similar to a bus terminal) were treated like any other
commercial fuel-burning land use.
For each land use a heating requirement had to be determined in terms
of BTUs per dwelling unit, classroom or square foot. Accordingly, as
shown in Figure 14, it was necessary to determine the number of classrooms,
dwelling units, or square feet for the respective categories of use. The
activity indices such as density, lot coverage, and pupils per classroom
were used to convert the land use data into the number of classrooms, dwell-
ing units, and square feet. Once this information is known activity indices
for heat demand per unit of activity can be used by COMPUTE 1 to determine
the heat demand per hour for each land use figure that is to be heated.
Next, COMPUTE 2 is used to incorporate the fuel use information, includ-
ing the schedule, percent process heat, and fuel use propensity into the
analysis to determine the fuel used for each land use figure, as shown on
the fifth line of Figure 14. The final step in determining the fuel
76
-------
emissions involves the incorporation of the appropriate fuel emission
factors.
Process emissions for each land use figure that involved industrial
sources are calculated by use of the process emission factors. Similarly,
process type emission factors for transportation, the airport, and parking
lots are used to determine the transportation related emissions. The summa-
tion of fuel and process emissions yields the last line in Figure 14, rep-
resenting the total emissions for each land use figure.
The following sections describe in more detail each of the steps required
in this process.
Each of the land use activities appropriate to the study was assigned
an "activity code." These are listed in Figure 15, grouped according to the
six land use categories shown in Figure 14. There are seven possible cate-
gories of residential land use although no more than three occur in any one
plan. In the Hackensack Meadowlands study, these are generally low, medium
and high density residual use, with densities defined by the Meadowlands
planners. However, in the study Plan 1, the Master Plan, no distinction is
made between medium and high density; rather, the distinction is between
island and riverside development called "island residential" and "parkside-
residential," respectively.
The four commercial categories are distinguished by their relationship
to residential land use. Neighborhood and community business are generally
directly related to residential use. The fourth category (hotel and highway
commercial) contains separate commercial development.
Institutional land use is generally reserved for primary and secondary
schools. In all cases these are directly related to the residential areas
they serve.
77
-------
The industrial category is subdivided into manufacturing, distribution,
and research parks. The manufacturing land use category is further sub-
divided into four-digit SIC categories.
The transportation category is subdivided into the transportation
center (treated similarly to a distribution activity), the airport, and the
stadium parking lot; roadways were handled as separate line sources and,
therefore, not coded for use with the LANTRAN program.
Four categories of open space were identified: conservation, parks,
water and commercial recreation. None of these were thought to have signif-
icant emission levels. However, they are important "receptors" of the air
quality calculated.
Residential sources may be large areas of single family homes with
individual heating or they may be clusters of island residential apartment
towers all heated from a central facility. Similarly, commercial establish-
ments may be separate stores or hotels with individual heating systems, large
shopping centers with a central system, or neighborhood stores heated by
the central residential heating system. Schools were all assumed to be built
as individual buildings; however, the amount of space involved is a function
of the residential area served.
Distribution is generally considered to be a land use zone with homogen-
eous heating requirements served by individual systems. It is, therefore,
characteristic of an area-wide source. For simplicity, cultural centers,
most special uses, the transportation centers, and research activities were
assumed to behave in a similar manner as distribution. All manufacturing
activity was specified as a function of individual 10-acre lots. However,
where adjacent lots are of the same four-digit Standard Industrial Classifi-
cation Code (SIC), this implies a large facility of 20, 30, 40 or more
78
-------
5165
INSTITUTIONAL
I
/. Individual
RESIDENTIAL
I
2. Function
Residential
I
/. Individual
I
2. Grouped with
Central Heat
COMMERCIAL
I
/.Combine with
Resiential
Determine Heat Demand
Combine Commercial
Heat Demand with
Residential
I
INDUSTRIAL
T
T
2. Individual I. Individual £* 2. Multiple Lots
\
i
Determine
Sq.Ft.
\
I
Non-1
\
tianuf. 1
Combine
Indust. Lots
1 \
Determine Determine
Sq.Ft Sq.Ft.
i
\
i
Determine Heat Demand
Figure 16 Decisions Affecting Heating Demand
-------
acres with a single heating system. The airport was assumed to be an area-
wide source; emissions were not allocated to individual runways. Because
of the uncertainty as to where parking lots will be in the stadium complex,
a single point source was used to represent the idling emissions from auto-
mobiles in the parking lots.
It became apparent that the particular ways in which each of the four
plans would be built and have their heating requirements satisfied required
a complex procedure for determining heating demand. The steps in the pro-
cedure developed are shown in Figure 16 for each of the four major categories
of fuel-related emissions: institutional, residential, commercial and in-
dustrial. Each of these will be discussed in detail.
Institutional
The few cases of institutional land use in the Hackensack Meadowlands
Study that were to be treated on an individual basis (the cultural center
and special uses) involve only one step to determine the number of square
feet heated as a function of the area of the land use zone. Since the cul-
tural center was to be treated similarly to a distribution source, it is
listed in that table under "distribution." The percent lot coverage and
the floor area ratio are necessary to perform the calculation. The number
of acres of land use, and the percent lot coverage tell us how many square
feet of the lot will be built upon; the floor area ratio (as used here)
shows how many floors will exist in the building. Figure 17 shows the
actual numbers assigned to these parameters in the ACTIVITIES package used
for COMPUTE 1 and used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study, counter Example
No. 1, activity code 1-71 (the code for cultural center) and we read across
to the columns labeled A-l and A-2 we see the number 40 (the percent lot
80
-------
EXAMPLE NO.
2,3
4,5
KEY- ACTIVITY
AfTlvtTY ACTIVITY NAMES
Low Density
Mid Density
C "> )
GZD
Neighborhood I
Commercial V.
Berry's Creek
Primary School (
R12
R21
R22
H31
*32
Cll
C12
C21
C21
111
112
}
,r
Cultural Center^ [71
T10
T20
T30
3
C33
Distribution
GiD
S42
I 9U
GED
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S23D7
S2U41
5*043
S2tP6
Si'OB7
ACTV
(^18750. CiOoJ
r 7500,000")
750U.OOO
1375J.OOO
4000.000
8750.003
7500,030
(^ 16.250y
1A.25CI
16.25Q
V 1*.25D J
^15000.010 J
15UOO.OUO
( 12.5UOJ
1V..5CU
3 , .')
u.U
( 1^,5110 J
17,500
C 27.5HO J
27,500
2 "1 , 5 U 0
27.5UO
2/.5UO
27,500
27.500
27,500
27.503
27.500
27.500
27.5CO
27,500
2/.5CU
27.500
Al
V 10.000 j
r 50.000
50.300
20.000
80 .3UO
30. UOU
50 .OUO
V^ 0.503
1 .500
35.lluil
(^ 35. (KM) J
C 25.00.)
V J
jn.uun
r
\^ 4 II . C 0 0 j
4 0 . U ("J
U. J
0.0
( 3H.OOO
u< o . o u u
r >
^ 40.0011 j
40. one
40.000
40.000
4 o . o n n
40.0CO
40.00H
40. OUO
40 , 000
40,000
40,000
40.000
40 ,010
40.0GO
40.000
A2
M
C
c
1,500
0,500
1.000
1,000
0,500
l.OOC
1.333
1. 300
1 , 3 0 fl
0.750
0 . 7 ••} C
0,450
0,2:1 U
1. C 'J 0
l.lli'O
1 . 0 U U
i. u :i i)
i, u'; 3
i, uou
1..100
i, o') o
i. o n o
l.QUO
l.UuO
1 . 'J 0 0
1,000
1, COO
1 . 0 (i U
1,100
l.COO
l.OUU
0.0
1500
,000 )
2000.OUO
0,')
U ,i)
U.I!
U .0
L ,!
O.I
li . C.
I), -I
b ,''.
U..'
0 . J
U ,.l
O.o
0 .'i
0 ,'|
U ,0
O.'i
Figure 17 Activity Indices Used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study
(See Task Report, Section 4.2)
81
-------
S39
S39
S39
539
539
539
539
539
539
b3'>
539
539
S3?
539
539
339
c,39
539
b3v
SJ9
539
539
S3V
^J9
S3V
SJ9
539
S39
539
539
S39
539
539
SJ9
539
539
27.500
S"ftl 27.500
S2/2t ' '27.500
""lb 27.500
S2B" 27.500
8281(1 27.500
>2*19 27.500
J Z7.SOO
S VI
2/.50U
-3^v?
27 ,5UU
5^4 n
2/.5UII
a. »«.!,!
27.5'JO
"S1>1 27.500
j.rj5;>
i33hl
t7.5CU
i3562
27.51'0
S.'^ftft
2/, 500
5JI67
27.5UO
53573
27,buO
"^ 27.500
S35M/
27.5UO
b35H5
27-.500
S"hS 27.5UO
Sitli 27.500
S3635
27,500
S3636
40.000
40.000
40.300
4 o . i) o n
4 1) . 0 0 C
40.000
40 .ono
10 .000
4 o , o n o
40 .000
i o . j o n
40 .000
4 0 . 0 U I1
40. 000
4(1 .IIUl1
4 o , o t; c
4 0 . 0 U !J
4 n . G .; .1
40 . OUll
4o.0';u
4 o . u J r
4 a . o i- o
40 . UUI1
4 0 . i) (J . •'
1.000 O.n
i , o n o o , ;.'
l.-i'jl) II."
1 . 0 ') C C , n
i.uiio n.-i
1,1)1)0 P.''
I.HJO r-.'i
1.1100 li..'
1.000 0 . (!
1 . 3 u (. 0 . '
1 . J 0 0 0 . '.
1,000 3.'
l.iiUO i'.(
i.uoii i. .1
1 , U 0 i) 0 . !
1 , 0 1) P O.i
1 ,uOU li . :
I.'IOO I1.
l.OCO 0. i
1,000 0,
1,'juo o,
1,000 0.
Figure 17 (contd.)
82
-------
coverage) and the number 1 (the floor area ratio).
Having determined the number of square feet assigned to the cultural
center we can multiply by the BTU per square foot to calculate the heat
demand. The appropriate number for BTUs per 'square foot is found in the
first column of Figure 17 labeled ACTV; the value is 12.5.
The majority of institutional land uses are the schools; their heat
demand is a function of the number of classrooms. The number of classrooms
is related to the number of pupils per classroom, the number of pupils per
dwelling unit, and the number of dwelling units in the residential area
which the school serves.
Two of these parameters (the number of dwelling units and the pupils per
dwelling unit) are activity indices related directly to the residential area.
If the school serves a single family, low density area we would look in
Figure 17 under the activity code R-01 (Example No. 2). The value (10.) in
the column labeled A-l is the number of dwelling units per acre and the
value (1-5) in the column labeled A-2 is the number of pupils per dwelling
unit. Therefore, each acre of low density land has 15 pupils assigned to
the school serving that area. Since both primary and secondary schools
exist it is important to know what percentage of the eligible pupils go to
each of the different types of schools. If we are interested in the heat
demand for a primary school, we would look in Figure 17 under the activity
code I-11. The column labeled A-2 contains the number .45 which means
that 45% of the school children would be going to the primary school.
Finally, using the value in column A-l pf. 25 pupils per classroom we
can determine the total number of classrooms necessary in primary schools
to serve the particular residential area. If we have 100 acres of low
density residential land, this would yield 1500 pupils, 45% of which is 675
83
-------
primary school pupils; at 25 pupils per classroom this yields 27 classrooms.
Multiplying by the BTUs per classroom found in the first column, 15,000,
would yield the heat demand for that school.
Residential
Residential land uses have two sub-categories similar to institutional:
individual heating and heating provided by central facilities. In the case
of the individual heating (found in low-density housing) the heat demand is
a direct function of the number of dwelling units. In Figure 17 for Example
No. 3, under activity R-01 (low density residential), the column labeled
A-l shows 10 dwelling units per acre. Multiplying this times the BTU per
dwelling unit value of 18,750 would yield the heat demand for an acre of
low-density residential land use.
Most of the medium and high density development in the Meadowlands
Master Plan and alternative Plans 1-A and 1-B would be satisfied by central
facilities. A more complicated process is therefore required. First of all,
it is necessary to determine which residential land use zones should be
grouped together to be heated by a particular central system. The grouping
results in a total number of dwelling units to be heated, assigned to a
particular heating facility. This is accomplished by summing the acreage
of all the affected land use zones and multiplying times the dwelling units
per acre.
For instance, for island residential with a code of R-ll, Figure 11-34
Example no. 4, shows a value of 50 dwelling units per acre in column A-l.
Because the average dwelling unit size in high density development is smaller
84
-------
and the efficiency of a central heating system is greater the BTU per
dwelling unit value is only 7500 for this land-use category. When the
total heat demand is determined it is assigned to the location of the
central facility.
< f i
Commercial
Community and neighborhood shopping facilities are entirely a function
of the residential land uses they serve. In the Meadowlands Master Plan
these are the island and parkside residential areas. First of all, the
actual square footage of commercial development must be determined as a
direct function of the number and size of the dwelling units in the resi-
dential area; this procedure is depicted in Figure 16. Neighborhood shopping
with a code of C-ll (Example No. 5) has a BTU per square foot demand of
16.25 as shown in Figure 17. The number in the column labeled A-l tells us
that 0.5% of the square footage of the residential development will be assigned
to commercial use; this is the number specified in the Hackensack Meadowlands
zoning regulations. But, for an island residential area with a code of R-ll,
how do we determine what the total square feet of residential area is?
Figure 17, column A-4, gives us a value of 1500 square feet per dwelling
unit. When this is multiplied by the number of dwelling units, we obtain
the total residential square feet. Once the heating demand in BTUs per
hour is determined for this commercial use it must be added to the heat
demand for the residential area since allocating will be taken care of by
the central facility.
Certain commercial facilities such as the Berry's Creek shopping center
in the Meadowlands Master Plan will be heated individually. The number of
square feet is a function of the lot. coverage and the floor area ratio.
85
-------
For example, the code for Berry's Creek (C-31) does not appear in the left
column of Figure 17 (Example No. 6); it is indented and the code C-21 for
hotel and highway appears in the left column. This indicates the assumption
that Berry's Creek will be heated according to the same parameters as hotel
and highway (C-21). Column A-l gives us the lot average, and Column A-2 the
floor area ratio. Multiplying the number of square feet times the value of
16.25 BTUs per square foot yields the total heat demand per hour. Some
of the special facilities such as Berry's Creek may consist of more than
one land use zone with a central heating facility. In this case, the pro-
cedure is similar to the island residential. The commercial areas are
combined before the activity indices are applied to the total acreage.
Industrial
Most industrial land uses are handled in a similar manner to the sep-
arate commercial facility. All distribution, research, and individual
10-acre lots are heated separately. In the case of a large distribution
area this would take the form of homogeneous area-wide emissions from
numerous distribution facilities. In the case of a 10-acre manufacturing
lot this would probably mean emissions from a single facility. In Figure
11-34, columns A-l and A-2, respectively, give the percent lot coverage and floor
area ratio for Example no. 7, distribution (S-42), Example no. 8, research (S-89),
and Example no. 9, manufacturing (S-39). All four-digit SIC code manufacturing
activities are assumed to behave in a similar manner as S-39 for the purposes of
heating. This assumption was made simply because of the available information.
Where adjacent 10-acre industrial lots have the same SIC code and
are, therefore, to be combined as a single facility, the total acreage is
added together and assigned to a single central heating system, at a point.
Then the same procedures are used to calculate BTUs per hour.
86
-------
Residential
KEY-ACTIVITY
KU1
Rll
Mil
Rll
Hll
ACTIVITY ACT W ! FY -JA'
Ilk:
lliU
AlHpj;.-
1
PARK I •;
1
USTM
! OUO
"ouu
. UU j
,0U0
. 0 'J 0
.OUO
.000
UMtRCI
.OUO
. JOO
.UUC
.QUO
.Ojn
.3UO
T-FLIC-
.OOO
•j LOTS
. u a o
^Ji°K
10
111
1'J
10
10
1U
11)
AL
0
n
0
C
0
„
MTS/>CSK
i)
- VcHlCLb
0
0
. n i o
. u <> i;
.one
.joe.
. '.) " 0
.jua
.Uji
.0
. u
.0
. u
. 'J
.0
.C
'. 'J
.0
J
u
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(1
rj
0
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0
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0
a
u
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. 0
.0
. 1
, 'i
. u
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, J
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,0
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l.OUO
0 , 0
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1 , il li 0
.-liA i
1
J
u
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.0
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0 .
0.
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0,
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b.
C.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
1
0
n
J
•J
u
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
000
0
PROCi!
0.0
0.0
0.0
o.o
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
o.o
0.0
0.0
0,0
1.000
0.0
0.0
Notes: sched = schedule (hours per year for fuel burning)
proc = percent of fuel for non-space heating purposes.
R=oil = percent of heat demand satisfied by residual oil (1.0 = 100%)
U=oil = percent of heat demand satisfied by distillate oil (1.0 = 100%)
N-Gas = percent of heat demand satisfied by natural gas (1.0 = 100%)
Prod = percent of process rate applying to first process (1.0 = 100%)
Proc2 = percent of process rate applying to second process (1.0 = 100%)
Figure 18 Fuel Use Allocation Data Used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study
(Task 1 Report Section 4.3)
-------
Research
Transportation
Center
Cultural
Center
Special Uses
Manufacturing
S09
T1D
171
190
539
S2J
SJ9
539
S39
S39
339
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
S39
t-tbt Ar^n
t i o •:. . o t o
T*A;.S-->. CT~
b 7 6 u , li 1 0
CJLH'bb
360'i.lJUO
S3bbi
36Uu.i>lil'
sj'^t;;
3*u:.ooo
S^^66
36UJ.OCO
SJ36?
360u,000
Sti'Z
3tui: . OJ J
S35c-l
J o 0 u . 0 0 0
S3i>f2
JoOu.cun
S.<5^'J
360 j.OJJ
533t«
1' . u
J . J
G.O
U . L
73. 00"
9 0 . 0 J 0
70.31K
7 5 . 0 !l 0
7 :> . J 0 0
7 5 . 3 CU'
75 .000
75.00:1
75.000
75.0DU
7 3 . J U J
75 . 000
7 5 . 0 0 'J
75.330
O.n 1. "-I"
0 . J 1 .li'Jj
J,,l 1.-10
0 . :1 1 , i: J 0
J,-)'jO n . ;)
d , 7 b i) 0 . t
0.950 0 . J
J, •>•>!) 0.0
J. 950 0 ,0
0,950 0 .0
0,950 0.0
0,950 0.0
(1,950 U.D
0. 950 U.O
0,930 0 , J
J , 9 7 0 0.0
0,950 0.:'
0.95J O.U
o.o a . 3
0.0 0.0
0.0 3.3
0.0 0.3
0 , 050 0 , 0
0,250 0.0
0. (150 0 . J .
0.053 0.3
0.050 0.0
0,350 0.0
0,050 0,0
3,050 0.0
3.050 0 .0
0.050 0.0
0.050 0 .0
0.050 0.0
0.050 . I'.?
U.C50 0 .0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
O.Oi
Figure 18 Continued
-------
Other Categories
Since no heat demand is assumed to occur for the transportation sources,
they are not involved in this part of the analysis.
Parameters are necessary to translate heat demand in BTUs per hour into
quantities of fuel used for both space heating and process heating purposes.
These are contained in the ACTIVITIES package for COMPUTE 2 and contain: the
schedule (number of hours of operation per year), the percent fuel used for
process heat, and the percent of fuel demand satisfied by each of the fuels.
These parameters are the same for all land uses. The actual values used
are shown in Figure 18.
The column labeled SCHED gives the number of hours per year of operation
assumed for each land use code. The column labeled PROC gives the percent
of fuel used for process heat. The next three columns show the portion of
total fuel demand assigned to residual oil, distillate oil, and natural gas.
Sufficient information existed to divide four-digit manufacturing SICs
into two categories for these parameters. One is coded S-20 and the other
S-39; all industrial lots are assigned to one of these two categories. S-20
represents heavier industry, operating almost continuously throughout the
year and using 90% of the fuel for process heat. S-39 represents 12-hour
per day operation, (> days a week with only 75% of the fuel used for process
heat. S-39 type industries are much more apt to use oil, as evidenced by
existing point sources in the current inventory.
The emission factors used by COMPUTE 2 in conjunction with the Meadow-
lands plans are shown in Figure 19 for each activity code and fuel used by
that activity. Emission factors for each of the five pollutants are
shown in the same units used in Figure 1-30 of the Task 1 report. Fuel
-------
TSP
SO,
CO
HC
NOV
Residential
Commercial 6
Institutional
Manufacturing
Rll
KES. FUEL HURNING
Parking Lot
4-Digit SIC
Manufacturing
D-OIL
N-GAS
Cll
R-OIL
D-OlL
N-GAS
S39
R-OIL
D-UIL
N-GAS
T?0
PROC1
PROC2
T30
PHOC1
S2031
R-UlL
n-OIL
N-GAS
PhOP
S2041
D-OIL
N.C.AS
PROP
H-OIL
D-UIL
.\-GAi
PROP
R-O"L
D-UIL
N.GAS
PHOP
S20«5
rt-UlL
D-OIL
M-GAS
PROP
S2295
S-OlL
PROP
S2661
R-OIL
D-OIL
N-GAS
PROP
S?B«3
H-OIL
D-OIL
N-GAS
PROP
S2B51
R-OlL
D-OjL
N-GAS
PROP
S3275
8:8 b
N-GAS
PWOP
S3292
R-OlL
D-0 L
N-GAS
PROP
S3691
R-gll
D-OIL
N-GAS
PROP
10.0000
19,0000
NOT FOUND
6.5000
0,6000
CUMMEHC. t UE
?3.00UU
Ib.OUOO
19,0000
I
?3.nooo
1 "5. GOOG
i b , o u o p
XUT FOUND
40,0000
11,0000
0,6000
UDuST, FbEL
NOT FOUND
NOT FOUND
?4, JOGO
6, GOOO
0 ,600G
AlhFJKTS- 1=
<• , uOOO 2.0000
1 ,2 OUC " 2 ,0000
4.3GOG
V 2 . i) 0 0 G
1 "5 . 11 0 U l<
: r , J II G Li
\ < . .1 0 0 u
i '•> '. j u o n
. I • . iiujii
,:",' , . 1 1) Ll il
'.S.IlGljO
) ',- , ilOiH
1 H , L, G I] ll
1 >: , uGU'j
V i , il G 0 (J
I -. . 0 0 u i)
i a . a G o .J
1 1; . u 0 G j
<-' ,j , IJ U u J
1 H , U 0 U 0
1 7l , li G U U
t't . 'Jll JO
i' 5 , u 0 0 u
li ,OUUn
]" .ilGUO
i^ .aooj
/ J . G G 0 G
1 '; , II Ij J II
i ;: , o G G o
?'; , G JOU
> 3 . U 0 U 0
1 ') . U 0 0 il
1-1,0000
23 , now ii
15.0000
1-1 ,1101)0
1 :i . U II U ll
73 , LJOOfl
1 'j , II 0 0 0
ir' ,l)OUG
1 C , 0 G 0 G
'f.'.'i . 000 I)
in IOOOL
1 li . U 0 0 G
23 .HOGG
15.0000
18,0000
U C
4 , 4 Li (1 G
f> ! u (1 0 U
G , oOGu
il , II
f •» , inn u
o , 'j u n j
•.. , ft J 1) 'J
U , J
? •; . ij o n i)
6 . iljli J
il , 6 01 G
<: 4 , ii u ij vi
ft . n j .) a
li .ill 00
li , G
^ -1 , J 0 ly vJ
«. . j r o u
l, . SUfJO
" . J
;x.nooo
6 .GOUQ
;1 . ftOOJ
•1 . U
h ! U u h u
l) . 6 0 U 0
U ..1
f -1 , J IJ 0 -j
f: . n n n n
u , 5 ;i o u
? * , o o o o
6,0000
ii ,61)01,
c . n
? .11
II .2000
L l-^GiiO
li , 1!
o^oio
G , 4 G u 0
0.0
3 TO 7).
4.600D
5.0000
3 TO 7).
3 TO 7).
24.000D
24,0000
a. oooo
3 T d 7 ) .
3 TO 7).
IH.OOOO
IS.l'OOO
140. GOOD
i-utL is a-tuA
FUEL IS A-CUA
FUEL Is d-CUA
FUEL IS A-CUA
FUEL IS 8-COA
?:Gt-N AVIATION
4.CIJGO 3.iOOO
: r. .7uiin. • o .2000
2,7000
J . Ii 0 0 0
5 , II Oil"
'• . 0 (1 0 0
Itt .GOOO
14l).(iGOO
c.o
Figure 19 Emission Factors Used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study (Task 1
Report, Section 4.4)
90
-------
Figure 19 Continued
Cll 112
Cll 171
Cll ivn
Cll TlO
Cll S42
Cll S89
(Other Codes RH SOI
Linked to
above Factors) R11 *1!
Mil 321
Rll S22
Hll R3l
Rll KJ?
Cll Cl?
Cll 121
Cll C31
Cll 111
S39 S2C32
S39 b2;'«3
S39 b2."«!:
S39 i2..'J2
S39 !>2i.H6
S39 S2i,n7
S39 S
-------
burning was aggregated into residential, commercial and industrial.
For the airport the names PROC 1 and PROC 2 were used respectively, for
commercial and general aviation emissions. In Figure 18 for activity T-20
the last two columns show values of 0. for PROC 1 and 1.0 for PROC. 2.
This means that all aircraft assigned to the airport are of the general
aviation (PROC 2) category. For T-30 in Figure 19 the emission factors
assigned to PROC 1 represent automobile idling. These factors were developed
independently of the emission factor analysis and solely for the purposes of
the parking lot emissions. This was done because the emission factor analy-
sis had been concluded prior to the identification of the stadium and its
parking lots as a land use. The most current information on idling emission
rates was obtained from EPA as a part of another study. Lacking further
information, it was assumed that the same percent reduction in urban vehicle
speed emission factors from 1969 to 1990 would apply to the idling emission
factors. This produced the numbers shown in Figure 19 in pounds per thousand
hours of vehicle idling time.
Each of the four-digit industrial codes for the Meadowlands Plans was
analyzed as to its propensity to produce process emissions. Twelve 4-digit
SIC categories were identified as significant process sources; these are
shown in Figure 19. Because no specific information was available, the
process emission factors were determined as proportionate to fuel emissions.
They are labeled PROP in Figure 19. The fuel emission factors for these
SICs are the same as those given for industrial fuel burning. Emissions
from the airport and the parking lot were calculated as a direct function
of the activity (number of aircraft flights per year, and thousand hours
of automobile idling per year).
92
-------
The procedures discussed produced total emissions by season for each
of the land use figures. The figures consisted of both land use zones,
such as distribution areas or low density residential areas, and individual
point locations, including manufacturing sources, schools, and central
heating systems for large residential areas. For these point sources it
remained to be determined by COMPUTE 3 which ones should be treated as
separate point sources for modeling and which should be aggregated into
the area source grid cells.
The size criterion established for point source status was 25 tons per
year of any one pollutant. For each plan most of the industrial sources
resulting from zones greater than 10 acre lots became point sources, as
did several of the large residential areas.
Figure 20 shows the information flow for allocating the emissions to
point and area sources, based upon the size criteria. In the case of the
point sources stack parameters had to be assigned. The default numbers
in Figure 15 were used and the information formatted for input to the model.
No emission control regulations for New Jersey sources could be quantified
for testing. In the case of the area sources, the land use figures were
assigned to the grid cells in terms of emission densities, using the
LANTRAN allocation procedures, and the data formatted for direct input to
the model.
In addition to the line sources resulting from the regional highway net-
work in and around the Meadowlands, each of the four land use plans con-
tained additional through and local streets to which figures for total
vehicle miles per year were assigned. LANTRAN does not use this data; it
is user-calculated and input directly to MARTIK.
93
-------
Total
Emissions by
Season
r
Activity Indices
Size Criteria
Point Source
Emissions by Season
Land-Use Figure
Emissions by Season
Emissions Allocated
to Grid
Stack
Parameter
I Conversion Units i
Point Sources
in
Model Format
Area Sources
in
Model Format
Figure 20 Allocation of Emissions to Point and Area Sources in the
LANTRAN program (Hackensack Meadowlands Study, Task 1
Report, Section 4.5)
-------
Each call to compute must be followed by a namelist (SCOMPIN) which
can consist of any of the following variables (if desired):
Description
Input file for FV array
(VALUES) if not equal to
5.
Output file for FV array
VALUES) if >_ 7
Degree days, winter season
Degree days, annual season
Default percent process heat
Array of names
Array of constants
Suppress listed output if
0 (not related to IFORM on
package keyword card)
Allows punching of point
sources without generating
listed output
'ANNUAL', 'SUMMER', 'WINTER'
Output unit for point source
concentrations by season (=JC
in PARAMETER namelist &INPUT)
Temporary output unit on
which all point sources are
stored, regardless of season
Controls saved output
Variable
IFVIN
IFVOUT
DDW
DDA
DFPRHT
NAM
CONST
IFORM
Type
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*8
R*4
1*4
Direction
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
1
Default
0
0
2780. 19:
4859. 13i
90.
*
0
PLAND
SEASON
JUNIT
UNIT
IPUNCH
L*4
R*8
1*4
1*4
L*4
False
'ANNUAL'
= JC
12
True
The array CONST is used to hold conversion constants or control constants.
The meanings and defaults depend on the COMPUTE routine being used.
-------
IFORM = 1:
CONST(l) Area Conversion - Default (Sq/Ft/Acre)
2
CONST(2) Area Unit Conversion - Default (Converts km to Acres)
IFORM = 2:
CONST(l) Conversion factor for emission units - Default (converts
Ibs to tons, 2000 Ibs/ton)
IFORM = 3: No Defaults
CONST(l) Unit conversion factor for point source emissions
CONST(2) Unit conversion for default stack height and plume rise
CONST(3) Wind speed factor for multiplying default plume rise
CONST(4) Scale conversion of centroid coordinates
CONST(5) Transfer of origin along X axis
CONST(6) Transfer of origin along Y axis
CONST(7) Unit conversion factor for non-point source emissions
IFORM = 5:
CONST(l) Number of groups to be conglomerated
CONST(2) - (7) Number of land uses in each group being conglomerated
IFORM = 6:
CONST(l) Number of the beginning name to be deleted - Default 2
CONST(2) Number of the last name to be deleted - Default 18
For land-use analysis, COMPUTE is designed to proceed with three COMPUTE
packages (IFORM = 1,2,3). If it is desired to stop the calculation at an
intermediate point, the results can be saved by specifying IFVOUT in name-
list 5COMPIN. This will output the results (the FV array) on cards
96
-------
(IFVOUT = 7) or an unformatted file (with logical record length of 1604
bytes and block size of 6420 bytes).
Computations can be picked up by specifying IFVIN.
Example
To stop calculation after COMPUTE (IFORM=1), specify IFVOUT in namelist
5COMPIN. Values will be output after calculations.
If after the examination of listed output, computation is to continue,
specify IFVIN for a COMPUTE (IFORM=2) package.
COMPUTE 1 calculates the BTU demand of the figures provided for land
use. It also can introduce the level of usage for non-heating figures.
The COMPUTE requires the figures be input, VALUES be associated with each
activity, and the activities defined with an ACTIVITIES package. Each
figure has had an activity associated with it in the FIGURES package.
The following discussion describes the required usage of the COMPUTE 1
package.
The FIGURES package for a given plan contains information on the spatial
location and activity code for each point, line, or area type land use zone.
Examples of area sources are residential zones and the airport, and of
point sources, and schools. The first (or only) card for a figure contains
the figure number (IREF), the vertex number, an "A" or "P" for area or point,
the X and Y coordinates for the first vertex in kilometers referenced to the
U.T.M. Grid System, the plan number, the activity code (CODE), and a des-
criptive name for identification purposes. Remaining cards for an area type
figure contain successive vertex numbers and the corresponding X and Y
coordinates; the last card must repeat the first vertex to "close the
polygon."
97
-------
Following the FIGURES package is the VALUES package. Each VALUES
package may have six parameters specified, in addition to the figure number
(IREF). As used with COMP these parameters were: KFORM, KLINK, KRCODE,
XFACTR, A3, and X. Each of these provides information as to how a figure
should uniquely be treated for heating and related purposes; decisions
related to the activity code rather than the individual figure are speci-
fied in the ACTIVITIES package;
The purposes of each parameter are as follows:
KFORM - The basic parameter governing how a figure is treated in
COMPUTE 1 where heating demand is calculated:
= 10. A non-residential zone, heated individually
= 15. A residential zone, heated individually
=19. A residential or non-residential zone, to be added to
a central system and then dropped; the central system
location would carry a KFORM = 15, however
= 20. Non-heating source, such as the airport
= 30. Manufacturing 10-acre lot, to be heated individually
= 39. Manufacturing 10-acre lot to be combined with others
at new location and then dropped; new centralized loca-
tion for 20, 30, 40, etc. acre lot would carry a KFORN' = 30,
however
= 59. Local commercial facility whose heat requirements will be
determined as a function of the residential area served,
then combined with the residential central heating system,
and dropped from further consideration.
= 60. School, where heat requirements will be determined as a
function of the residential area served
= 80. For any source to be set equal to another source for
heating purposes; used when two central systems serve one
large residential area
98
-------
KLINK The parameter governing the figure number (IREF) of the resi-
dential zone to which commercial areas (KFORM = 5X) or schools
(KFORM = 6X) are "linked" to determine their heating demands.
KRCODE The parameter governing the figure numbers (IREF) of central
heating system locations to which the areas of residential
and non-residential zones (KFORM = 19) and manufacturing 10-
acre lots (KFORM = 39) are added for heating purposes; the
original zones have a KFORM ending in "9" and are excluded
from further consideration after they are "receded" to the
central system location; also governs the figure number for
the residential central heating system to which local commer-
cial heating demand (KFORM = 59) is added.
XFACTR The parameter governing the assignment of a portion of the
calculated heating demand to a location, as when three schools
serve a residential area and each one is assigned 1/3 of the
heat demand.
A3_ The parameter governing the activity level (or process rate)
of non-heating sources; used for the airport (number of flights/
year) and stadium parking lot (thousand vehicle hours of idling
per year).
.X The parameter governing the calculated heat demand (BTU/hour)
for each figure; it is the major output parameter from COMPUTE 1,
together with A3 which passes through unaltered.
The ACTIVITIES packages contain the conversion factors catalog - the
activity indices and emission factors - which translate the land use plan
QQ
-------
activities data into emissions according to the type of land use or activity
code. The parameters and their use are discussed extensively in the body
of the Task 1 Report.
COMPUTE 1 translates activity data into heating requirements for each
figure. Accordingly, the ACTIVITIES package for COMPUTE 1 contains such
information as dwelling units per acre and BTU/d.u./hr. for residential
sources which, when multiplied by the number of acres of the residential
zone (as determined by LANTRAN from the FIGURES package), yields the BTU/hr
heating requirement for that figure. The listing of the COMPUTE 1 activities
package is shown in Figure A-5 of Appendix A of the Task 1 Report and the
output of this package as printed by LANTRAN is shown in Figure 17. There
is a separate entry for each activity code used in the study. The first card
for each activity code contains the land use designation (CODE) which con-
forms to the codes shown in Figure 11-33 in the body of the Task 1 Report.
»
If default parameters are to be used the first activity code repre-
sents the key-activity code and the second indicates the activity code of
concern to which the default parameter values will be assigned; in this
case there is only one card. Otherwise, a second card contains the specific
values for up to six parameters. As used in COMPUTE 1 the parameters are:
ACTV The heating requirement parameter: BTU/d.u./hr, BTU/sq ft,
or BTU/classroom
Al,A2, Activity related indices:
A4
Al = D.U./acre for residential uses, percent of residential
square footage in commercial use for Cll and C12, numbers
*
of pupils per classroom for schools, and percent lot cov-
erage for all other codes;
100
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'9 9 9 9 9
UNO
NAMELIST VARIABLES
&COMPIN
'COMPUTE
Figure 21 Deck Set-Up for LANTRAN Compute IFROM = 1,3,4,5,6
-------
A2 = Pupils/d.u. for residential, not used for Cll and C12,
percent of total pupils primary or secondary for schools
and the floor area ratio for all other codes;
A4 = Used only for island and parkside residential, where
it is the number of square feet per dwelling unit. (A5
is the population per dwelling unit and is used only with
COMPUTE 5 to produce population distributions for IMPACT
analysis.)
COMPUTE 2 uses the BTU demand per hour, together with schedule and
fuel use information provided in an ACTIVITIES package and in emissions
packages to calculate the emissions from each figure. NOTE: LANTRAN, as
used in AQUIP for the Hackensack Meadowlands Study, is not capable of hand-
ling highways. These emissions sources must be defined by the user and
input directly to MARTIK.
COMPUTE 2 translates the heating requirements for each figure into
fuel related emissions; it also determines non-fuel emissions where appli-
cable. Up to seven parameters may be specified using the same two card
(or one card with default) format as with COMPUTE 1. The parameters are
as follows:
SCHED Number of hours of operation per year for fuel burning
activities; for non-fuel burning, converts units to annual
basis for activities specified for other time periods
(such as flights/day for the airport)
PROC Percent of fuel used for process heating or non-space
heating purposes
102
-------
R-OIL, Abbreviations used for residual oil, distillate oil and
' natural gas; the values are the portions of total fuel
N-GAS
demand satisfied by the particular fuel (generally 1.0 or
0.).
PROG 1 Names similar to R-OIL and D-OIL for non-fuel sources, such
PROG 2 as for proportions of commercial aviation versus general
aviation aircraft at the airport. If more than three fuels
exist their names could occupy these slots; in that case
"dummy" fuel names are specified for the non-fuel sources,
such as using the R-OIL column for the PROC 1 proportion of
commercial aircraft. This procedure was not necessary in
our study since a maximum of three fuel types and two non-
fuel types were assigned at any time.
COMPUTE 2 reads in the emission factors package. For each activity
code there is a separate card for each fuel or process specified, containing
the emission factors for the five pollutants for that fue.l and activity code;
the sixth pollutant field can be used to specify a unique fuel constant
(BTU/gal oil, etc.) for any fuel desired. Default values are included in
COMPUTE 2. The fuel names must conform to the parameter abbreviations in
the COMPUTE 2 ACTIVITIES package. For manufacturing sources were process
emissions proportional to fuel emissions are to be used, the process name
"PROP" is used and the factors are percentage adjustments. (10 - add 10%
to fuel emissions for that pollutant). Emissions will be calculated for
the annual case and the summer and winter seasons, depending upon the
pollutant name cards immediately preceding the emission factors. The
order of the pollutants and the abbreviations must be the same for each season.
103
-------
99999
FUEL I
KEY 2 • — -
KEY
4 END
I COMF1 N
''COMPUTE
'18881
EL 1 20.
1 ACTIV
TSP-S SOXr
TSP-W SOX-*
TSP SOX
VARIABLES
2
30. 0. 0. 0. 10.
TITLE 1ST SET OF EMISSOHS FACTORS
S HC-S CO-S NOX-S (SUMMED NAMES)
HC-W CO-W NOX-W (WINTER NAMES)
HC CO NOX (ANNUAL POLLUTANT NAMES)
Figure 22 Deck Set-Up for LANTRAN Compute IFORM = 2 (with emission factors)
104
-------
FIRST CARD of Emissions Factors package: Pollutant names for annual season
(up to 5)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
11-20 POLNM(l) A8,2X
Name of first pollutant (8 characters
or less)
51-60 POLNM(5) A8,2X
SECOND CARD - Pollutant names for winter season (format identical to first
card)
THIRD CARD - Pollutant names for summer season (format identical to first
card)
followed by:
FOURTH CARD - First card of emission-factor data set in 'ACTIVITIES' format
(no keyword card)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-10 KEY A8.2X Key activity code
11-20 ACTIV A8,2X Activity code to which emissions
factors are to be assigned, or blank
if second card follows
21-70 TITLE 12A4, A2 Title for printing.
FOLLOWING CARDS - If ACTIV is blank on first card of 2-card set; otherwise>
this card is skipped)
1-10 FUEL A8,2X Fuel name as appears in ACTIVITIES #2.
11-60 QPOL 5F10.4 Up to 5 emission factors,for this
fuel,for this activity,in the same
order as pollutants.
61-70 FCON F10.4 Fuel constant - BTU's per fuel unit
(*106. NOTE: These should be input
only once for each fuel - not dimen-
sioned to activity).
LAST CARD (of emissions-factors package) - Delimiter card '88888'.
LAST CARD (of COMPUTE package) - Delimiter card '99999'.
105
-------
COMPUTE 3 tests the emission levels against size criterion for each
pollutant and assigns point figures exceeding the criterion for any one
pollutant to point source status for modeling purposes; all other figures
are assigned to area source grid cells by the LANTRAN allocation procedure.
In addition to the point source criteria for the five pollutants, each
activity code can be assigned a representative stack height and plume rise
factor. Since no differentiation between activity codes could be made in
the study, a master code of "ZOO" was defined to which all other activity
codes default.
COMPUTE 3 also outputs to JUNIT the beginning of the SRCE package,
provided HEADR = .TRUE.. The point sources selected will be output, for
the present season. The other season's point sources will be saved on UNIT.
The remainder of the sources are left ready for OUTPUT.
COMPUTE 4 is used to output selected point sources for seasons other
than the season when COMPUTE 3 was run. COMPUTE 4 is used with the SEASON
and possibly JUNIT changed. It will access the selected point sources
saved on UNIT and output them together with the SRCE header card, to JUNIT.
COMPUTE 5 translates activity data into the form used by the IMPACT
program for comparison with predicted air quality levels; it is not used
directly in the emissions generation procedures. As described in the Task 3
Report comparisons between alternative land use plans can be made in terms
of the impact of air quality on specific distributions including total
population, school children, open space area, and employment-related areas.
The ACTIVITIES package for COMPUTE 5 is the same as that used for COMPUTE 1.
It contains such information as.: (1) the dwelling units per acre (Al) and
population per dwelling unit (A5), used together with area (e'xtent) to
determine the number of people in each land use zone; and (2) the dwelling
106
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units per acre (Al-residential) and pupils per dwelling unit (A2-residential)
for each residential zone assigned to a school, together with the percent
of pupils of primary or secondary school age ,(A2-schools) , used with resi-
dential area (extent) to determine the number'of school children at any
j
school location. Receptor information for the various land use cbdes is
directly a function of area (extent).
LANTRAN allocates the specified land uses or derivatives (such as pop-
ulation or school children) to gridded area cells for- use with the IMPACT
program. The desired land use categories are specified as variable names
in the VALUES package in conjunction with COMPUTE 5. The land use categories
specified can be any of the existing activity codes not beginning with "S";
in addition, the variable names "POP", for population, "SCHOOLS", for number
of school children, and "S", for the aggregation of all manufacturing activ-
ity codes can be used; this includes all codes which begin with "S" except
"S42" (distribution) and "S89" (research).
For any of the land use categories called for by a variable name in
the VALUES package, COMPUTE 5 will assign a value of 1.0 to each of the
appropriate area figures or land use zones. (Point figures are ignored.)
When the variable is to be allocated to grid cells by the LANTRAN alloca-
tion procedure, the value of 1.0 is multiplied by the portion of the total
area of the figure (land use zone) that is actually contained in each grid
cell. Thus, after allocation, the value determined for any land use activ-
ity code specified for grid cell is the actual area (in km ) within that
cell which is assigned to that particular land use.
When the variable name "POP" is specified, the population density for
each land use zone is determined; this is converted into the total resi-
dential population per grid cell during allocation. Similarly, the value
107
-------
determined for the variable "SCHOOLS" is density of school children per land
use zone; this is converted to the number of school children per grid cell
during allocation.
The aggregate manufacturing land use category "S" is treated much the
same as other land uses with one exception: manufacturing point figures
are treated as area figures and assigned an area of ten acres each.
To calculate the population and school children densities when the
variables "POP" and "SCHOOLS" are specified, COMPUTE 5 uses the same activ-
ity indices (ACTIVITIES package) used by COMPUTE 1; the variable "A5" --
population per dwelling unit -- is used by COMPUTE 5 but not by COMPUTE 1.
Other than the variable names specified in the VALUES package, this is the
only parameter not used in COMPUTE 1.
COMPUTE 5 can also be used to sum the areas of two or more land use
activity codes, as directed by the CONST and NAM arrays in 5COMPIN. In
this way the areas of all employment-related activity categories (commercial,
"CXX", distribution, "S42", research, "S89", manufacturing, "S", transpor-
tation centers "T10", and special uses, "190", can be treated in the aggre-
gate as a receptor.
CONST(l) is the number of groups to be merged 1, 2, 3. If only the
summing is desired, without the. normal COMPUTE 5 manipulations, CONST(l)
should by multiplied by 10, 20, or 30. The remaining constants tell the
number of land uses in each group to be merged.
The NAM array contains the .names of the land uses to be merged.
EXAMPLE
•
1) If the total residential land use for Plan 1 is desired, the
arrays must be specified in 5COMPIN as follows:
108
-------
CONST = 1., 3.,
NAM = 'R01', 'Rll', 'R12',
This has the effect of summing one group of land uses, consisting of
three individual land uses. Thus, the values for 'R011, 'Rll', and
'R12' would be summed, and the result placed in 'R011.
2) If the total residential land use is again desired, but also the
total commercial land use, the arrays would be:
CONST = 2., 3., 2.,
NAM = 'R01', 'Rll', 'R12', 'Cll', 'C12',
There are two groups to be merged. The first has three elements, the
second two.
3) If the same conglomeration as (2) is desired, but the manipula-
tions have been done in a previous step, the arrays would be:
CONST = 20., 3., 2.,
NAM = 'ROT, 'Rll', 'R12', 'Cll', 'C12',
4) If the total residential land-use is desired without losing any of
the original information, a dummy residential variable ('R-TOT')
could be created with a VALUES package. The SCOMPIN arrays would
then be:
CONST = 1., 4.,
NAM = 'R-TOT', 'ROl', 'Rll1, 'R12',
This sums the residential, placing the result in the previously empty
'R-TOT'.
109
-------
5) For example, for plan 1-B, an aggregated industrial and commercial
land use was required, consisting of nine land uses. Since CONST
and NAM are both dimensioned to seven, two COMPUTE packages
(IFORM = 5) were required:
FIRST COMPUTE: CONST = 1., 7.,
NAM = 'S1, 'S42', 'C211, 'C31', 'T10', '171', 'S89',
SECOND COMPUTE: CONST = 10., 3.,
NAM = 'S', '190' , 'T20',
COMPUTE 6 deletes names from the variable list. Names are added by the
VALUE packages. The first name is EXTENT, which is permanently present for
each figure. The remainder of the names are present in the order given in
the VALUES. The first name in a VALUES package will be added directly
behind the last name on the previous VALUES package. There are only 18
spaces available for names, and sometimes variables that are no longer
needed must be deleted to make space for new names.
COMPUTE 6 will delete the variables beginning with number CONST(l) and
ending with CONST(2). CONST(l) defaults to 2, CONST(2) defaults to 18, so
if COMPUTE 6 is used without specifying either, all the variables except
EXTENT will be deleted for each figure.
The following is a summary of the variables used in the LANTRAN COMPUTE'S:
Figures Package - For each plan contains information on the spatial loca-
tion and activity code for each point, line, or area
type land use zone.
110
-------
IREF
CODE
EXTENT
Figure number
X coordinate of each vertex of figure
Y coordinate of each vertex of figure
Land use activity code applicable to the figure
2
Area of each figure in Km. , calculated from the ver-
tices input in the Figures package.
Values package
(COMP 1 thru 3)
IREF
KFORM
Each VALUES package may have six parameters specified, in
addition to the figure number (IREF). As used with COMP
1-3 these parameters were: KFORM, KLINK, KRCODE,
XFACTR, A3, and X. Each of these provides information
as to how a figure should uniquely be treated for heating
and related purposes. The following values are required
for each figure in the Figures package.
Figure number
The basic parameter governing how a figure is treated in
COMP 1 where heating demand is calculated; must be present
for all figures.
= 10. A non-residential zone, heated individually
=15. A residential zone, heated individually
=19. A residential or non-residential zone, to be
added to a central system and then dropped; the
central system location would carry a KFORM =15,
however.
Ill
-------
= 20. Non-heating source, such as the airport
= 30. Manufacturing 10-acre lot, to be heated individually
= 39. Manufacturing 10-acre lot to be combined with
others at new location and then dropped; new
centralized location for 20, 30, 40, etc. acre
lot would carry a KFORM =30, however.
= 59. Local commercial facility whose heat requirements
will be determined as a function of the residential
area served, then combined with the residential
central heating system, and dropped from further
consideration.
= 60. School, where heat requirements will be determined
as a function of the residential area served.
= 80. For any source to be set equal to another source
for heating purposes; used when two central
systems serve one large residential area.
KLINK - The parameter governing the figure number (IREF) of
central heating system locations to which the areas of
residential and non-residential zones (KFORM =19) and
manufacturing 10-acre lots (KFORM =39) are added for
heating purposes; the original zones have a KFORM
ending in "9" and are excluded from further consideration
after they are "receded" to the central system location;
also governs the figure number for the residential central
heating system to which local commercial heating demand
(KFORM =59) is added.
112
-------
XFACTR - The parameter governing the assignment of a portion of
the calculated heating demand to a .location, as when
three schools serve a residential area and each one is
assigned 1/3 of the heat demand.
A3_ - The parameter governing the activity level (or process rate)
of non-heating sources; used for the airport (number of
flights/year) and stadium parking lot (thousand vehicle
hours of idling per year)..
X^ - The parameter governing the calculated heat demand
(BTU/hour) for each figure; it is the major output
parameter from COMP 1, together with A3 which passes
through unaltered.
Values package The land use categories desired for correlation with air
(COMPS)
quality are specified as variable names in the VALUES
package in conjunction with COMP 5. The land use cate-
gories specified can be any of the existing land use
activity codes not beginning with "S"; in addition, the
variable names "POP", for population, "SCHOOLS", for
number of school children, and "S", for the aggregation
of all manufacturing activity codes can be used; this
includes all codes which begin with "S" except "S42"
(distribution) and "S89" (research).
/ No values are required for each figure.
113
-------
Activities - The ACTIVITIES packages compromise the conversion
package (COMP 1)
factors catalog used to translate activities into
emissions according to the land use activity code
y specified in the Figures package and the unique
figure characteristics specified in the VALUES package
for use with COMP 1 thru 3.
V The COMP 1 ACTIVITIES package contains the activity
indices to translate the activity data into heating
requirements for each figure.
ACTV - The heating requriement parameter: BTU/d.u./hr, BTU/
sq. ft., or BTU/classroom.
Al - d.u./acre for residential uses, percent of residential
square footage in commercail use for Cll and C12, numbers
of pupils per classroom for schools, and percent lot
coverage for all other codes;
A2 - pupils/d.u. for residential, not used for Cll and C12,
percent of total pupils primary or secondary for schools,
and the floor area ratio for all other codes;
A4 - Used only for island and parkside residential in Plan 1
where it is the number of square feet per dwelling unit.
AS - population/d.u.; used only with COMP 5 to produce
population "receptor" data sets for IMPACT analysis.
ACTIVITIES - The COMP 2 ACTIVITIES Package contains the activity
package IUOMP 2)
indices to translate heating requirements into emissions.
114
-------
SCHED - Number of hours of operation per year for fuel burning
activities; for non-fuel burning, converts units to
annual basis for activities specified for other time
periods (such as flights/day for the airport),.
PROG - Percent of fuel used for process heating or non-space
heating purposes.
R-OIL, D-OIL, - Abbreviations used for residual oil, distillate oil
N-GAS
and natural gas; the values are the portions of total
fuel demand satisfied by the particular fuel (generally
1.0 or 0.).
PROG 1 - Names similar to R-OIL and D-OIL for non-fuel sources,
PROG 2 such as for proportions of commercial aviation versus
general aviation aircraft at the airport. If more than
three fuels exist their names could occupy these slots;
in that case "dummy" fuel names are specified for the
non-fuel sources, as described in the Task 5 Report,
such as using the R-OIL.
COMP 2 reads in the pollutant names for the three
seasons; annual, winter and summer; the names used
are user-dependent.
COMP 2 also reads in emission factors package. For each
activity code there is a separate card for each fuel or
process specified, containing the emission factors for the
five pollutants for that fuel and activity code in the order
of the above pollutant names; the sixth pollutant field
115
-------
can be used to specify a unique fuel constant (BTU/gal.
oil, etc.) for any fuel desired
TSP TSP W RP <; " Pollutant names for particulates, sulfur dioxide,
SOX SOX-W SOX-S
CO CO-W GO'S carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides,
HC,HC-W,HC-S . , . . .
NOX NOX-W NOX-S respectively, for the annual, winter, and summer
seasons, respectively.
- Fuel names for anthracite coal, bituminous coal, residual
A-COA
B-COA oil, distilate oil and natural gas used in emissions
R-OIL
D-OIL factors for each fuel and pollutant (in the order of
N-GAS
the above annual pollutant names) for each acitivity code.
PROP - For manufacturing sources where process emissions
proportional to fuel emissions are to be used, the name
"PROP" is used and the values are percentage adjustments
(10 = add 10%) to the fuel emissions for that pollutant).
ACTIVITIES - The COMP 3 ACTIVITIES package contains the size criteria
package (COMP 3)
for the testing point sources for each pollutant, on the
order of the above pollutant names.
ZOO - An activity code Zoo was used to which all other
activity codes default when data by activity code are
not known.
ACTIVITIES - The COMP 5 ACTIVITIES package contains the activity
package (COMP 5)
indices to translate activity data into receptor data
for use with IMPACT. The COMP 5 ACTIVITIES package is
the same as the COMP 1 ACTIVITIES package.
116
-------
The following summarizes the function of the COMPUTES and their sub-
sections:
COMPUTES
COMP 1
Subroutine
WSM
Subroutine
TTNK
Subroutine
RECODE
COMP 2
COMP 3
- Used in LANTRAN to correctly associate the conversion
factors catalog with the land use figure according to
land use activity code for input to MARTIK or land use
information for input to IMPACT to determine emissions
receptor.
- Used to determine heat demand in BTU/hr. for each figure;
translates activity data into heating requirements for
each figure.
- Calculates heat demand based on area of figure.
- "Links" school and commercial figures to residential
ones and calculates heat demand based on area of
residential figure.
- "Recedes" area of residential, commercial, or manufactur-
ing zones to the point location of the appropriate
central heating system; also recedes heat demand for a
local shopping center to the appropriate residential
central heating system.
- Used to calculate fuel emissions based on heat demand and
process emissions as appropriate, summing to total
seasonal emissions;
- Used to test the emission levels against size criterion
for each pollutant and assign point figures exceeding the
117
-------
Subroutine
LARGE
Subroutine
REGS
COMP 5
criterion for any one pollutant to point source status
for modeling purposes; all other figures are assigned
to area source grid cells by the LANTRAN allocation
procedure for input to MARTIK.
Outputs point figures to be treated as separate point
sources in MARTIK format.
Tests emissions against applicable emission control
regulations, (none were applicable in the study)
Used to translate activity data into the form used by
the IMPACT program for comparison with predicted air
quality levels.
2.3.2 Data Flow for Emissions Preparation
The purpose of this and the next two sections is to relate the LANTRAN
functions to the overall AQUIP system as shown schematically in Figure 1-2
of Section 1.1. The analogous schematic data flow system for emissions
preparation is shown in Figure 23. The same conventions have been used
in naming of input data sets (I), model data sets (M), computed data sets (C),
and programs (P). Each box of Figure 2 has been detailed to represent
the card decks (keyword packages) which make it up. First the data sets
are described in some detail and then a typical deck setup is discussed.
118
-------
5159
II
Ml
Figures
II.I
•>>
Activities 1
Ml.l
• , \
Compute 1
MI.2 1
•v
Activities |
Ml. 3 1
Compute 2 |
Ml. 4 1
s.
Activities 1
Ml. 5 1
Compute 3 1
MI.6 1
Allocation 1
Ml. 7
Compute 4 1
MI.8 |
,
\ # 1
\ # 2
) # 3
Mode 1
Allocation
by Season
Output Points
Output Gridded
Area Sources
Valu
II.
Cl
SRC
Land-Use
Zones
Land-Use
Variables
Point and
Gridded
Area Sources
Tl
Land-Use Data
Activities
Fuels
Allocation Results
Point Sources
Grid Listings
Plots of Emissions
Figure 23 Data Flow for Emission Preparation
-------
II Input Data Set
II.1 FIGURES - all figures for a given plan coded in standard
format.
11.2 VALUES - initial values, specified by figure for a given plan
in standard format. The expected variable names are
'KFORM1, 'KLINK', 'KRCODE1, 'XFACTOR', 'A31 and 'X1.
A detailed explanation of the use of variables can be found in the
TASK 1 Report Appendix and has been summarized in Section 2.3.1. Use of
these variables is optional (they can be omitted) with the following
exceptions:
1. KFORM - tells which manipulations are to be performed on each figure.
2. X - is the number of BTU's per hour which is to be calculated.
The VALUES package must consist of at least 'KFORM1 and 'X'.
Ml Model Parameter Data Set
This data set consists of three ACTIVITIES packages and three COMPUTE
packages. The ACTIVITIES packages are in standard format (see Section 2.2.6).
For a detailed explanation of the use of the variables in the ACTIVITIES
packages, see the TASK 1 report (Appendix A).
Ml.l ACTIVITIES - First ACTIVITIES package. Consists of activity
variables 'ACTV','Al•,'A21, and 'A41, specified by activity code.
Ml.2 COMPUTE 1 - First COMPUTE package (IFORM=1). The format
for this package is as described above in Section 2.3.1 and illustrated in
Figure 13.
120
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.
Ml.3 ACTIVITIES - Second ACTIVITIES package. The activity vari-
ables are 'SCHED1, 'PROC', and all the relevant fuel names.
Ml.4 COMPUTE 2 - Second COMPUTE package (IFORM =2). The namelist
SCOMPIN is following by an emission factors package as described above in
Section 2.3.1 and illustrated in Figure 22.
Ml.5 ACTIVITIES - Third ACTIVITIES package.' The variable names
are the pollutant names for the annual season. Activity values are the
size criteria for point sources. These may be input for each activity
code, but a default code (ZOO) has been provided in the event that many of
the criteria are the same.
Ml.6 COMPUTE 3 - Third COMPUTE package (IFORM = 3). Format iden-
tical to the first.
Ml.7 ALLOCATION - This and the following packages are required for
each season. Allocation by MODE 1, in standard format.
Ml.8 COMPUTE 4 - Fourth COMPUTE package (IFORM = 4) used to output
point sources for the specified season prior to allocation to gridded area
sources.
NOTE: That this has already been done for whatever season has been speci-
fied in the third COMPUTE package (Data Set Ml.6), and need not be
done again for that season. <
Ml.9 OUTPUT - Creates an output data set consisting of gridded
area sources in 'GRID1 package format for input to MARTIK.
Cl - Point and Gridded Area Sources
i
A keyword 'SRCE' package for a single land-use plan. The package is
made up of 'POINT' sources generated by LANTRAN COMPUTE routines, and a
121
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'GRID' package representing the area-source densities for the study-area
system. These densities are expressed as rates per square scale unit,
-2 -1
and are converted to g (scale unit) sec
Tl - Tabulated Emissions Data Output
Listing of all input data sets (FIGURES, VALUES, ACTIVITIES and
emissions factors), detailed itemization of all manipulations performed by
LANTRAN COMPUTE, listing of point source and gridded area source values
for all pollutants for all seasons, and display maps of gridded area
source values for all pollutants for all seasons.
Deck Set-up for Emissions Preparation
Since the procedure for land-use analysis using the present LANTRAN
COMPUTE is nearly invariant, we will give as a single example a typical
deck used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study.
Starting with information on land use, fuel use and emission factors,
LANTRAN generates a set of point sources and gridded area sources for each
of the three seasons. The deck setup is as follows:
PARAMETERS Initialize variables
FIGURES data set II.1
VALUES data set 11.2
ACTIVITIES data set Ml.l
COMPUTE 1 data set Ml.2
calculates heating requirements
by figure
ACTIVITIES data set Ml.3
COMPUTE 2 data set Ml.4
inputs emission factors and calculates
emissions by figure
122
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8968
K)
O-)
-------
ACTIVITIES data set Ml.5
COMPUTE 3 data set Ml.6
sorts point and area sources for all
seasons and outputs 'ANNUAL' point
sources.
ALLOCATION Allocates to gridded area cells,
'ANNUAL' pollutants by names input in
emissions factors (Ml.4).
OUTPUT Outputs allocated variables
ALLOCATION Allocates to gridded area cells
'SUMMER' pollutants
COMPUTE 4 Outputs 'SUMMER1 point sources
OUTPUT Outputs gridded area sources for
'SUMMER'
ALLOCATION Allocates to gridded area cells
'WINTER' pollutants
COMPUTE 4 Outputs 'WINTER' point sources
OUTPUT Outputs gridded area sources for
'WINTER'
ENDJOB End of program
For additional information and a detailed description of these functions,
See Task 1 Report: Appendix and the summary description in Section 2.3.1.
2.3.3 Data Flow for Impact Analysis
The schematic diagram representing the data flow system for generation
of the correlation data set is shown in Figure 25. Data sets and typical deck
set-ups are discussed as follows:
Data Sets
II Input Data Set (see above, Section 2.3.2)
14 Land-Use Data for Correlation
-------
14.1 ACTIVITIES
The first ACTIVITIES package from the land-use analysis (identical to
data set Ml.l) consisting of variables 'ACTV, 'Al', 'A2', 'A4', 'AS'.
NOTE that this package is used in conjunction with the VALUES package 11.2.
These packages are only needed for calculation of population ('POP') and
number of school children per grid cell ('SCHOOLS').
14.2 VALUES
A keyword 'VALUES' package containing names of land-uses for correla-
tion. These can be an activity code not beginning with S, except that it
can be S42 or S89, or the special names for industrial land uses ('S'),
population ('POP') or number of school children ('SCHOOLS').
14.3 COMPUTE
A compute package (IFORM = 5) with format as per Section 2.3.1 (Figure
21). NOTE that additional VALUES and COMPUTE packages can be added as
required.
14.4 ALLOCATION
Allocation by MODE 1 to gridded area cells of desired variables, in
standard format.
14.5 OUTPUT
Control card package to select variables for output data set C4.
C4 Correlation Data Set
A keyword 'GRID' package for use as input to IMPACT for analysis of
125
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-II
14
K)
Activities
14.1
Values
14.2
(Activities \
\Package Ml.li
Land-Uses
for Correlation
Compute 5 Develop
14.3 Out put Data
Allocation
14.4
Output
14.5
Mode I
Allocation to
Grid
Output Correlation
Data Set
Figures
II.I
Values
II.2
Land Use
Zones
Land Use
Variables
T5
-H LANTRAN
C4
Figures
Values
Activities
Land-Uses for Corr.
Allocation Results
Grid Listings
Plots of Land-Use
for Correlation
Grid
Correlation
Data Set
Figure 24 Data Flow for Impact Analysis
-------
and correlation with the gridded air quality data set C3 (see Section 4.3.2).
T5 Tabulated Land-Use Data Output
Listing of all input data sets (FIGURES, VALUES and ACTIVITIES),
itemization of manipulations performed by LANTRAN COMPUTE, listing of gridded
area land-uses, and display maps of gridded area land-uses.
Deck Set-up for Impact Analysis
For a simple example, let us assume we are interested in population
('POP'), number of school children ('SCHOOLS'), industrial land-use ('S') and
allresidential land use ('R011 + 'Rll* + 'R12') as land uses for correlation.
These correlation variables can be allocated to grid cells by way
of the following deck setup:
PARAMETERS Initialize variables
FIGURES data set I1.1
VALUES data set 11.2
ACTIVITIES data set 14.1
VALUES data set 14.2, consisting only of the
names of desired variables; i.e.,
'POP','SCHOOLS','S','R01','Rll',
and 'R12'.
COMPUTE 5 data set 14.3, does required manipu-
lations, including the summing of
'R01','R11', and 'R12'.
ALLOCATION data set 14.4, allocation of desired
variables: 'POP','SCHOOLS','S', and
'R01'.
OUTPUT data set 14.5, output of allocated
variables.
ENDJOB End of program.
127
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A more complicated example is the actual manipulations that have been
used in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study for Plan 1-B. Here variables of
interest were 'POP', 'SCHOOL'; total residential, being 'ROT + 'R31' + 'R32';
and an augmented industrial land use, being «S' + 'S42' + 'S89' + 'C21' + 'C31' +
'T10' + '171' + '190' +. 'T20'. A possible deck setup could be:
PARAMETERS
FIGURES
VALUES
ACTIVITIES
VALUES
COMPUTE 5
COMPUTE 6
VALUES
VALUES
COMPUTE 5
COMPUTE 5
ALLOCATION
OUTPUT
ENDJOB
Initialize variables
data set II.1
data set 11.2
data set 14.1
Names of the variables 'R01', 'R31',
'R32'.
Does manipulations for residential
land-use and sums.
Deletes last two variables, *R31' and
'R32'.
Names of the variables 'POP','SCHOOLS',
'S', 'S89','S42','C21'.
Names of the variables 'C31VT10',
'171', '190', 'T201.
Does all manipulations and sums 'S',
'S89VS42 VC21 VC31'f'T10VI71'.
Sums 'S', '190' and 'T20'.
of desired variables by MODE 1 -
'POP','SCHOOLS','R01', and 'S'.
of allocated variables
End of program.
2.3.4 Data Flow for Conversion of MARTIK Output
The schematic diagram representing the data flow system for conversion
of air-pollution concentrations specified by receptor, to air-quality defined
128
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5157
M5
C2
Values
Computed
Receptor
Concentration
Parameters
-NtSJ *
Points
M5.2
J AMoeation
M5.3
N
Output
M5.4
_ -f '-SSSSZaet "®3i&»
Program
Parameters
Receptor
Coordinates
Mode 3
Allocation
Output
Operations
h&- .A..
««
H LANTRAN
C3
Grid
Gridded
Air Quality
T4
Parameters
Points
Allocation Results
Grid Lists & Plots
Figure 25 Data Flow for Conversion of MARTIK Output
-------
on the grid system is shown in Figure 25. Data sets and typical deck set-ups
are discussed as follows:
Data Sets
M5- Allocation Option Data Set
M5.1 PARAMETERS
A standard PARAMETERS package, with variables assigned as in Section
2.3.5.
M5.2 POINTS
Receptor coordinates identical to MARTIK input data set M3.2 (Section
3.3.4). For the Hackensack Meadowlands study, this is the "Hackensack
Meadowlands 1-km receptor grid" shown in Figure 20.
M5.3 ALLOCATION
Each receptor concentration is distributed among cells of the grid
system by interpolation (MODE 3) with weights determined as the inverse
square of the distance of the receptor point from the cell center.
M5.4 OUTPUT
Control card package to select variables (pollutant names) for output
to data set C3 (gridded air quality).
C2 Computed Receptor Concentrations
A keyword 'VALUES' package created as an output data set by MARTIK,
containing the total arithmetic mean pollutant concentrations for the chosen
plan and season (Section 3.3.4).
130
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C3 Gridded Air Quality
A keyword 'GRID' package produced by LANTRAN for input to IMPACT
(Section 4.3.2).
T4 Tabulated Output
* .;
Printer output of parameters, receptor coordinates as read in, receptor
concentrations as read in, allocation results, and listings and plots of
concentrations after allocation to the grid system.
2.3.5 Parameters for the Hackensack Meadowlands
PARAMETERS Package
The following variables must be specified in namelist §INPUT:
GX = X cell dimension
GY = Y cell dimension
NX = No. of cells across
NY = No. of cells down
SCALE = Unit conversion factor
ORIGIN = X , Y - coordinates of grid origin
JC = Output data set
The actual values for the PARAMETERS used in the present study are as
follows:
PARAMETERS
SINPUT
SCALE = 1000.,
131
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GX = 1., GY = 1.,
NX = 12, NY = 14,
ORIGIN = 572.0, 4510.0
JC = 7,
SEND
2.3.6 LANTRAN and the Planning Process
The above discussions have been concerned with the mechanics of
setting,up the data sets and specification of the program options for LANTRAN.
This section reviews the role played by LANTRAN in the planning process.
Several types of analysis are summarized with examples. In each case, the
data flow pattern follows the form of one of the Figures 23 through 25.
A. Allocation of Emissions to a Grid-Cell System
This is the predominant role of LANTRAN in AQUIP, brought about by the
fact that in any planning area, the number of small discrete sources is so
large that allocation to area sources is essential. Since MARTIK requires
rectangular area sources, a grid system is indicated, and LANTRAN makes
the essential transition from figure-based data to grid-based data. In
principle, the COMPUTE routines would not be required. Land-use figures
would be entered using a FIGURES package, and emission densities for each
of the five pollutants entered in a corresponding VALUES package. The
function of the COMPUTE routines is thus to incorporate the methodology
for transforming activity data into emissions data.
132
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B. Allocation of Land-Use Data to a Grid-Cell System
This role is similar to (A) but instead of allocation of emissions,
it involves simply the allocation of any data defined on the original land-
use figures to the desired grid cell system. This is the role played in
development of the "correlation data set" used for air-quality -impact analy-
sis, for example. Again, no COMPUTE routines are essential to :this role.
*
The function of the COMPUTE 5 keyword package would be replaced by a manual
selection and generation of densities to be associated with the land-use
figures and these values would be coded and punched in a VALUES package for
allocation as desired.
C. Conversion of Point-Values to Grid-Cell System
This is the role played in the conversion of MARTIK output concentra-
tions—defined by receptor—to mean air quality per grid-cell of the chosen
grid-system. In performing this transformation, LANTRAN constructs a mean
surface through the data points, and then assigns to each cell the surface
value corresponding to the cell center. This step could be eliminated if
receptor points were always chosen to lie at cell centers, but since this
could be restrictive, it was decided to allow the choice of grid-cell
system used for impact analysis to be completely independent of the recep-
tor grid used in computation of air quality. By choosing the grid-cell
larger than the spacing of the receptors, the computed data is effectively
smoothed, and conversely, if a smaller grid size is used, values corres-
ponding to points between the receptors are inferred by interpolation.
Finally, if the two-grid-systems are shifted (so that receptor sites are
displaced, say to the corners of the cells), each Qpll is assigned a
133
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weighted average of the nearby receptor values. Several runs with LANTRAN,
using the same receptor concentrations, allow the effects of smoothing and/
or interpolation to be readily demonstrated through successive changes in
the grid parameters.
D. Mapping of Point Data
This is an added role of LANTRAN made possible by the 'PLOT' function
in the ALLOCATION package. Although not designed as a replacement for the
SYMAP program, LANTRAN may be used for "quick-look" plotting of point-based
data. This is accomplished by allocation using either mode 3 or 4 followed
by a grid plot of the result, producing coarse-resolution "isopleth" or
"proximal" maps respectively. This procedure is most useful for following
the results of complicated computations through a series of runs.
2.4 Numbered Error Messages
The following table constitutes the set of conditions checked in the
present level of implementation of the program, listed by routine, number
and cause.
OUTS
15 Variable to be output has not been allocated
25 No given variables to be output
30 Output unit (JC) equals 0
900 Unexpected end of file on input unit (1C)
INAC
100 Over 100 activities to be input
900 Unexpected end of file on input unit (1C)
134
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INFIGS
260
296
370
410
430
440
500
510
520
800
LTRANS
20
80
INPTS
213
800
900
EVALS
130
300
305
900
figure type not 'P','L', or 'A'
more than 400 figures to be input (occurred within a 'FIGURES'
package.
vertices of line or area figure not consecutively numbered
too many vertices (more than 50)
line does not have at least two vertices
line length equals zero
area does not have at least four vertices
last vertex of area does not coincide with first vertex
area of figure equals zero
unexpected end of file
input file (1C) equals 6 or 7 or the file of LOGDATA
unidentifiable keyword
over 400 figures to be input (occurred within a 'POINTS' package)
unexpected end of file on unit 11 (figures unit)
unexpected end of file on input unit (1C)
over 18 variables (VALUES) present
figure number out of range (IFIG < 1 or IFIG > NFIG)
figure extent (previously calculated) found to be less than or
equal to zero (area coded counter-clockwise)
unexpected end of file on input unit (1C)
135
-------
INGRDS
30 over 18 gridded variables present (ALLOCATION variables plus
grid variables)
65 grid indices out of range (NX,NY) or inconsistent grid dimen-
sions (GX,GY) for grid cell input
70 inconsistent grid origin (ORIGIN(2) ) for grid cell input
80 inconsistent scale factor (SCALE) for grid cell input
900 unexpected end of file on input unit.
FGRID
15 undefined keyword within ALLOCATION package
50 Allocation mode out of range (MODE<1 or MODE >4)
55 Allocation variable unlocatable (as a VALUE)
70 less than one variable to be allocated
186 undefined variable (as a VALUE) to be manipulated, following
MODE 2 card
455 undefined variable to be plotted
510 undefined variable to be zeroed or listed
900 unexpected end of file on input unit
INPAR
25 unit to be rewound (REWIND) equals 5,6, or 7
110 OUTGF specified .TRUE. -- not implemented in present version
210 OUTGL specified .TRUE. -- not implemented in present version
800 Namelist input error
900 unexpected end of file on input unit (1C)
COMP (AQUIP)
2 undefined SEASON (must be 'ANNUAL1, 'SUMMER', or 'WINTER')
156
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2.5 LANTRAN Test Cases
These test cases are a selection of LANTRAN program runs which demon-
strate creation of emissions data sets, and land-use analysis for air
quality impact analysis, as performed by the AQUIP system. Other capabilities
inherent in the design of the system but not actually used in the Hackensack
Meadowlands study are also illustrated by additional test cases.
The format of the test cases is carried throughout the entire discussion
of the individual AQUIP system programs, LANTRAN, MARTIK, SYMAP and IMPACT.
These cases make use of a hypothetical planning region depicted as the "base-
map" for the study area in Figure 26. Data for the test cases are taken
from land use figures shown on the base map in the form of coordinates
measured from the map. Several test cases are used to demonstrate the
following processes:
1. The creation and allocation of emissions data using LANTRAN allo-
cation Mode 1, using a limited set of land-use zones in order to permit
greater detail in package descriptions.
2. Creation and allocation of emissions for the full study area (to
be carried through the analysis with the other programs).
3. Calculation of the population distribution within the study area,
for use in air quality impact analysis.
4. Use of the "Mode 2" allocation procedure (not used in the Hacken-
sack Meadowlands Study).
5. Assignment of receptor-based computed air quality to the grid-
system chosen for the study area.
6. Use of the "Mode 4" allocation procedure (not used in the Hacken-
sack Meadowlands Study).
137
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00
•4- i\
SaS^ S35B5_ ! _ _\^
! • $ • \
\siq42'\seo4/\ ^
Figure 26 Test Case Base Map
-------
Data preparation for the test cases begins with the base map of
Figure 26. First, the land use zones are defined, as described in Section
2.3.1, and the "vertices" of each zone or "figure" indicated on an overlay
to the base map (Figure 27). Next, the coordinate system to be used is
defined, and the coordinate grid lines drawn for extraction of coordinate
information from the maps as shown in Figure 27. For convenience, the grid
is set with coordinates referred to the "origin" in the lower left (south-
west) corner of the grid. The actual coordinates of this origin are deter-
mined, entered into the program, and added to the displacements for compu-
tation of absolute coordinates. Finally, the set of land use "values"
defining the activities, rates, and the conversion processes to be used for
each are assigned to each land use zone as described in Section 2.3.1.
The data corresponding to the land-use zone boundaries are coded on
cards as a "FIGURES" package, using the measured coordinates of the figure
vertices. Similarly, the data corresponding to the land use activity values
are coded on cards on a "VALUES" package. The operations performed in each
test case are determined by (1) the program options and parameters; (2) the
order of the data packages; and (3) the COMPUTE routines which are invoked.
The discussion of the test cases covers first the check setup, and
then discusses the program output. The discussion includes a card-by-card
description of the IBM 360/65 Job Control Language (JCL) statements required
to run the program at the ERT computer facility; it is evident that these
statements are similar but different with each IBM 360/370 installation.
Each of the data packages used in the test cases is described with respect
to content (i.e., card-by-card or parameter-by-parameter) and the output
produced. The output produced by the program is lengthy, and much of the
information is printed only for assistance in error checking. It is
139
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452:
57S
582
583
: ' /
\ ' /
_jT
20
i
/ 1
19
15
~^
\
i
Jr ^ i
/ "XX
-------
important to note that this error checking must be performed at each step
in the computation process, since errors in input data may otherwise pass
unnoticed through the system.
2.5.1 Test Case 1: Mode 1, Emissions Allocation
Job Control Language
The first two JCL cards are job cards which are specific to the
computer center. The FARMS card was used to obtain 3 copies of each of
the runs. The LANTRAN program resides on a linkage-library, and the next
cards are used for linkage-editor control. There is a duplicate name
(INPUT) which is referenced as READER by LANTRAN MAIN. The two CHANGE cards
take care of this problem. The members INPUT, INE, etc. reside on the data
set described by the DD LKED.ERT. The other LANTRAN modules are in the data
set described by the DD LKED.LAN. '
The FT07, card output, was DUMMY'ed to avoid unnecessary production of
cards. If the cards had been desired FT07 could have been otherwise des-
cribed. GO.FT09F001 is the log file for run accounting.
The data set GO.FT11F001 is an internal temporary data set used by
FIGURES and POINTS. It should have the attributes RECFM=VB or VBS and
LRECL=448. The space requirement is 1 cylinder. Blocksize can be speci-
fied for most efficiency depending on the device used.
The data set GO.FT12F001 is used by COMPUTE to hold point sources. It
should have the record form, logical record size, and space allocation shown.
The blocksize, etc. may be varied to make the best use of the device chosen.
The data set GO.FT13F001 and GO.FT14F001 are card images which are
created by LANTRAN for further use in other runs.
Card input is from FORTRAN unit 5, GO.FT05F001.
Keywork Package input
The first package used is a PARAMETERS package to set the program
parameters. The number of cells in X is set to 5, the number in Y to 3.
The ORIGIN of the grid is set to 578. in X by 4520. in Y. The scale unit
defaults to 1 km, so that this corresponds to setting the grid origins to
be at the UTM coordinates (578., 4520.). The output unit, JC, is set to 7
141
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so that cards are produced. Finally the levels to be used for the PLOT func-
tion are set. They are 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.30,..., 0.5, 1.0. There are
ten levels, so the default value for the number of levels could be used, as
can the default symbols.
The LANTRAN print-out corresponding to the PARAMETERS package is on
page 1. After the page header, the keyword, and the comment portion of
the keyword are printed. This run is the "LANTRAN MODE 1 EMISSIONS ALLOCA-
TION TEST." Some pertinent information is also printed. The scale unit,
which is used in all input coordinates, is 1000 m, i.e. 1 km. This is default
value. The GRID definition is echoed; the origin is at (578., 4520.), the
grid dimension is 5 cells by 3 cells, and each cell is 1 scale unit (default).
The output unit number is echoed as 7. The minimum radius squared used in
-4 2
mode 3 allocation is the default value: 10 km .
The PARAMETERS package is terminated by SEND.
Following the PARAMETERS package is a FIGURES package to input the de-
tailed description of the shape of the figure being used for this case.
A FIGURES package is described in Section 2.2.2. This test casd has two
figures in it. The first figure is given a reference number 4, is an area,
is a plan type 1A, has an activity code ROL, and has the title "AREA 4-
RESIDENT." This information, as well as the coordinate of the first vertex,
is on the first card. The following cards for the figure each contain the
coordinates for another vertex on the polygon 'AREA 4-RESIDENT'.
The last card gives the same vertex as the first card, thus closing the
polygon (as required for an area, 'A'). The second figure, "AREA 7-RESIDENT1,
follows the first figure and is input in the same format. It has been given
the reference number 8.
The FIGURES package responds to this input by saving the data in an in-
ternal data set on unit 11. This unit was defined earlier in the JCL. On
page 2 of the output, the information entered is echoed so that the user
knows exactly what was input. In addition, it tabulates names, codes, vertices,
and numbers. LANTRAN also calculates and outputs the centroid of the figure,
and its area. This information is directly below the tabulation of vertices.
Note that if the figure vertices are given in a counter -- clockwise direction
it results in a negative area. Negative areas are used for holes in figures,
as seen in Section 2.2.2. After printing the figures input, the program in-
dicates that it has written an end of file to terminate the data on Unit 11
by printing **** END OF FILE. UNIT 11 ****.
142
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After the FIGURES have been defined, values are associated with them
using the VALUES package described in Section 2.2.4. The first data card
specifies the variable names for the associated values: KFORM, KLINK, KRCODE,
XFACTR, A3, and X.
Figure 4 has a KFORM of 15, and the remaining variables are 0. This
means that figure 4 is a residential zone, heated individually, as explained
in Section 2.3.1 and in Appendix A.2 of the Task 1 Report. This information
is echoed on the print-on Page 3. Figure 8 also has a KFORM of 15, and this
is echoed on Page 3.
The ACTIVITIES package is then used to associate activities of differ-
ent kinds with the activity codes for the figures, as described in Section
2.2.6. The activities in this sample are those used in COMPUTE 1. The
activity variables are ACTV, Al, A2, and A4, specified on the first data
card. Then the activity code R01 is given for specification. Associated
with R01 are the values: 18,750, ACTV, 10.Al, 1.5 A2, and O.A4. This in-
formation is returned in tabular form on Page 4 of the test case. The
meaning of the variables is explained in Section 2.3.1, and in Appendix A.3
of the Task 1 Report.
The COMPUTE 1 package is then executed. All default values for COMPUTEl
are being used, so the NAMELIST COMPIN is empty. The format for the COMPUTE
card, and the values for NAMELIST are explained in Sections 1.3.9 and 1.3.3.1
NOTE: the COMPUTE namelist is &COMPIN, not &INPUT.
The COMPUTE 1 package generates BTU/hr for each figure, using the data
provided by the VALUES and ACTIVITIES packages, see Section 2.3.1 and Section
A4 of Task 1 Appendix. Listing the present values of the control parameters
on Page 5, it begins its print. Page 6 is a listing of any RECODES where
sources have their heat loads connected (see Section 2.3.1). Page 7 gives
the final BTU output, and the information used to get it for the figures.
Page 8 shows the LINK'S between residential zones and, commercial zones and
schools. Page 9 is further RECODE information where BTU loads have been
merged. The final output is on Page 10.
The next ACTIVITIES package inputs the card data for use in COMPUTE 2.
Although the variable names are different, and the associated values are
different, the format is the same as before and a new set of variables and
values have been associated with R01. This time a title "10 D.U." (10 dwel-
ling units per acre density) is printed along with the R01. The output on
on Page 11 tabulates the input information.
143
-------
For an explanation of the variable's meanings see Section 2.3.1 and
Section A.2 of the Task 1 Report Appendix.
COMPUTE 2 is used to generate pollution emissions from the BTU demand.
The cards input specify no changes to the SCOMPIN parameter list; the emis-
sions factor package, described in Section 2.3.1, follows the &COMIN, SEND.
Emissions factors for pollutants, and heat contents, for B-COA, D-OIL, and
N-GAS are set.
COMPUTE 2 uses the scheduled hours of operation, SCHED, the percent
of fuel used for non-space heating, PROC, and the proportional use of dif-
ferent fules from the ACTIVITIES data; the heat requirements calculated for
each figure in COMPUTE 1; and the emissions factors input with COMPUTE 2
to calculate the pollutant emissions for each season. See Section 2.3.1
for a discussion of how emissions factors are chosen.
The output on pages 12-14 gives the results of the calculations. Page 12
gives the basic parameter and emission factor information. There was no B-COA
in ACTIVITIES fuel names so the emissions for B-COA are flagged and not printed.
Then on Page 13 the total fuel use (in this case only N-GAS was used) and the
resulting annual emissions rate for each pollutant are shown. Page 14 gives
the ANNUAL, WINTER, and SUMMER pollutant emission rates; together with EXTENT
information for each figure.
The next ACTIVITIES package gives the information needed by COMPUTE 3.
Using the ACTIVITY "ZOO" the criteria for significant point sources is input
(see Section 2.3.1). The emission rate for each pollutant, above which
the point source will be pulled out and listed separately, is set. Also
the default height (DFHT) in meters and default plume rise factor (DFPL) must
be set. These will be used to define the stack parameters for the selected
point sources. In the example any point source with an emission rate above
50 tons/yr for any pollutant, will be selected. The default stack height is
2
100 ft, plume rise of 60 ft /sec.
After the criteria have been set COMPUTE 3 is begun. It requires the
array CONST be input as shown. These values are used for conversion con-
stants. It examines all the point sources and selects out the points exceeding
any criteria. The selected point sources are output in 'POINT' format acceptable
to a MARTIK 'SRCE' package on the unit JUNIT.
The ALLOCATION package uses the control cards input to it, and performs
calculations. The first control card specified a mode 1 allocation of CO,
144
-------
and NOX, from the figure variable description, FV array, the gridded variable
description, and the GV array. The internal data is in terms of CO or NOX
/(SCALE UNIT)2. A mode 1 allocation is described in Section 2.1.1. In the
allocation of values from the figure to grid related variables, the ALLOCA-
TION package prints the output on Page 18. Variables being allocated are
indicated by the line:
VARIABLE NAME(S): CO NOX.
Then, for each figure, the extent of the figure in the grid cells, and
the corresponding weighted value of CO and NOX in the cell, due to the
figure, is listed. Also, a total is given. Note that extent varies from
0 to 1. as the fraction of the cell contained in the figure.
After the MODE 1 allocation, the next control card specifies a LIST
of CO and NOX, using the control card format shown in Section 2.2.7
for LIST. Pages 19, and 20 have the resulting output. The variable being
listed is specified and the value in each cell is printed. Note that only
2 places are given after the decimal point; 0.00 indicates a value less
than 0.005.
The values are then plotted on the printer using the PLOT control
word. These plots are on pages 21, and 22. The values in each cell are
symbolically represented. The meaning of each symbol is given below the
plot, with the maximum and minimum for each class. Again, note that only
2 places are available after the decimal point. The default symbols were
used, and the levels changed from the default in the initial PARAMETERS
package rather than using the option to change values with cards following
the control card.
The ALLOCATION package is terminated with a '99999' card.
The OUTPUT package is used to punch the gridded values onto cards, in
a 'GRID' format.
JC was left = 7 in the initial PARAMETERS, and has not been changed,
so the output is a unit 7. The second card of the package specifies the
variables to be output, CO, and NOX, in the format specified in Section
2.2.8. The SEASON is still the initial default, 'ANNUAL', so the GRID
oupput is annual values.
145
-------
The package indicates the variables which have been punched in GRID form,
CO, NOX, the unit number, 7, and the beginning sequence number 10340030.
This will permit identification of the output when necessary. The GRID
format is described in 2.2.5. All cards (including the keyword card 'GRID')
will be punched by OUTPUT.
After this OUTPUT package has run, both the isolated point sources,
extracted by COMPUTE 3 for 'ANNUAL1, and the gridded annual area sources
have been punched.
The COMPUTE 4 is then used to output the point sources for 'WINTER1.
SEASON has been changed to 'WINTER1 in the SCOMPIN namelist. COMPUTE 3,
and extracts and punches the 'WINTER1 point sources. On page 24, the
values of critical parameters are listed, together with the indication that
'COMPUTATIONS HAVE BEEN PERFORMED BY ROUTINE 4'. UNIT is still 7 so cards
are being punched.
Next, after punching point sources, an ALLOCATION package is used to
allocate CO-W, and NOX-W, the 'WINTER' variables. A MODE 1 allocation to
the same grid, a LIST, and a PLOT are performed on CO-W, and NOX-W. The
output from this package, Pages 25-29, is the same as for the previous ALLO-
CATION, except that now the values are for the winter variables rather than
the annual variables.
With the ALLOCATION complete, another OUTPUT package is used to output
the winter variables CO-W, and NOX-W. These values are punched in the
GRID format, on cards (unit 7) beginning with sequence number 10340140. The
Page 30 output indicates the execution of the OUTPUT.
The run was terminated with an ENDJOB card; which is indicated by the
'END of PROGRAM' on Page 30.
146
-------
583
452
Figure 28 LANTRAN Test Case 1 Map
452
45?
583
-------
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148
-------
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-------
BEGIN LANO-UIE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION MOOR AN VMSION 1,1 LEVEL T21220 RUN 10 JO
TAIL! COUNT* 38
I* |OI« LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION I,I (721220) t FEB
PAM
PARAMETERS
LANTRAN MODE 1 EHII8I01S ALLOCATION TEST
I* iO)«
SCALE UNIT* l.OOOE 01 METER!
GRID ORIGINI 578,000, • UO.OOO UNITS
GRID DIMENSIONS! 1 CELLSU) BY 1 CELLS(Y)
CELL nlMENSIONS(UNIT3)l t,00(X) BY I,00(Y)
OUTPUT TAPE* 7
MIN, RAD»I> I.OOOE-0« UNITS**!
LAND-USI DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION
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FUURE8
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LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM vfRSION 1,1 (721220)
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Figure 30 Contd.
150
ARCA(IREF)
-------
I* 1010 LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM vERSIIIN 1,1 (721120) 9 FEU |97« PACE 7
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LANO-USt DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION
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19 IOJ« LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION I,I (721220) 9 FEB
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19 10111 LAND-USt DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VFHS11N 1,1 (721220) 9 FEB
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19 I01U LANO-U.1t DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1.1 (7212211)
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151
-------
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Figure 30 Contd.
152
-------
19 10)0 UNO-USE 0«T» «N«LY«I« I TRtNIPO*««TION M00»«» VFMION I. I (721220)
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HIH
0
o.n
0,50
0.25
10
Hill
HIH
HIH
Hill
0
0,0
0.50
19 I01« L1ND-USF DtTt INtLTSIS I TRlNlPDIIxiTION P«o"OR»« VFD9IOU 1,1 (7212201 9 FER 1970
"SITES INNUtL G«10 MCKiGC
G«IO vtLUI) 'DR CO ,NO> ,
OUTPUT TO T»Pt 7 BEGINNING SCOUCNCF »U"8H 10310030
(UNIT 5)
Figure 30 contd.
153
-------
101U
UND'UIE DATA ANALV9I9 I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220)
(UNIT ))
fit I»T«
P»8f in
OUTPUT "INTER POINT IDURCS9
COMPUTATIONS PERFORMED BY ROUTINE
• •MlUSROUTINE COUP
IFVIN IFVOUT
0 0
DON DDA
0,0 0,0
NiX
CONST
0,0 0,0
IPUNCH
T
UNIT
12
OFPRHT
0.0
0,0
PLANO
T
JUN1T
7
1FORM
0
0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
srAsoN
"INTER
••••SUBROUTINE COMPH
1* 10)1 LAND'U!
IE DATA ANAl
.YSI9 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1.1 (721220) 9 FEB 19711 PAGE 25
ALLOCATION
NINTH) JOUKCE CONCENTRiTIONS
(UNIT
FIGURES ILLflOTEO TO GDID HT HtlDC 1
VARIABLE NAXE(9)I CO."
FIGURt TYPE !» . I»
a A
1 i
a 2
3 3
a 1
TOTALS
S .A
! 1
a 1
TOTALS
14 1030 LAND'USt DATA ANALYSIS
EXTENT
5.397E.01
0.0617
O.U6I8
0.0016
O.Olflt
1,0000
6.J03E-OI
0.188?
0,2mi;
0,t«6^
CQ-"
*.!««.01
I.S6«E'02
I.ITSE.01
U.1U»E.O«
3,716E>03
1.37JE-01
2.JS1E-01
U.788E.02
6.221E.02
I.IOIE'OI
1 TRANSFORMATION PROGHIX
NOX..
»,1»IE.02 '
3.122C.03
2,«37E>02
I.037E.OO
j!«)3J.OJ
».S61E-OJ
1.197C.02
1.JS5C.02
2.7!>2(>02
VERSION 1.1 (721221) « FEU l«7ll PAGE 2<>
GRID LISTING FU» V»RU8Lf CO-K
19 10>a
1
3 0.0
2 0.0
1 0,0
LAND'USf DATA ANAL
2
0,0
0,0
0,0
.YSI3 1 TRl
3
0.00
0.02
0.05
a j
0.00 0.0
0,12 0,0
0,06 0,0
IN PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220)
9 Ftn i97u pir.r n
GRID LISTING FOR VtRItULE N0>»
3
2
1
1
0.0
0,0
0.0
2
0,0
0,0
0,0
3
0.00
0,00
0.01
u
0.00
0,01
0,02
S
0,0
0,0
0,0
Figure 30 Contd.
154
-------
19 10311 LiNO-USl 0»T« tNtLVMI » TIUM'OI'UTION »«OGR»« vfRSJRN I,I (721220)
<> FEU I97U
GRID "LOT FOR V»RU«Lt COM
I 2 5 « 5
•onono
•oooon
ooooo
•ooooo
2 1
LtVCL DESIGNATIONS...
1
CELL COUNTI 9
VALUE 1 0.0
HiXINUM| 0,00
MINIHUHI
19 lOU LANO.USE
2 1
1 1
0,00 0,00
0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00
«
I
0.02
0.03
, 0,01
DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION
!
1
0,05
0,0!
0,03
PROGRAM
t
XXXXI
xxxxx
xxxxx
XXXIX
I
0,0(1
0.10
0,05
VERSION
7
OOOOO
00000
ooooo
ooooo
1
0.12
0,11
0,10
9
•••••
•Nil
•••II
mm
0
0,0
0.2S
0.1!
1,1 (7*1?20)
9
•mi
•mi
•mi
IIIIB
0
0.0
0,50
O.M
9 FED
10
•mi
mil
Hill
Kill
n
0.0
0.50
1971 PAGF 29
GRID PLOT FOR VARUBLf N0»>« I
I 2 J « S
3 !!!!!!!!!! 3
1 2 3 « 5
LEVEL OtS!5N»TIOsS...
CELL COUNTI
VALUE I
MAXIMUM!
MINIMUM!
|9 |03U
1 2
9 2
0,0 0,00
0.00 0,00
0,00
LAND-USf 0«TA At
3 « 5
1 3 0
0.00 0.06 0.0
0.01 O.Oi 0.05
0,00 0,01 0.01
IALV3I3 1 TRANSFORMATION P»(1G«
6
0
0.0
0.10
0.05
'AM VERSION
7
onoon
ooooo
0
0.0
0,1!
n.io
lil
8
••••1
•HIM
0
0.0
0.2S
0,15
(T2122H)
9
inn
•mi
0
0.0
0.50
o.ts
10
nm
mil
0
0.0
0.50
9 FES 1970 PASf JO
GRIO VtLUFS KDB C0« ,'iOX-" ,
OUTPUT TO T«»E ' BEGINNING SEQUENCE NU"8fR 103«OIO«
END 01 PROGRAM,
Figure 30 Contd.
155
-------
2.5.2 Test Case #2: Mode 1 Emissions Allocation
Job Control Language
As in the previous LANTRAN test case, the initial JCL invokes the Linkage
Editor, and begins execution. This run uses the FORTRAN I/O units 9, 11, 12,
13, and 14.
FT09 is the program run log. The JCL for this unit must be included for
every run of any program in the AQUIP system.
FT11 is a temporary dataset used to hold the figures descriptions. It
must be provided for every run of LANTRAN.
FT12 is a temporary dataset used to hold Point source data. It should
be included whenever point sources may be included. The unit number need
not be 12. It can be changed by changing UNIT is the SCOMPIN parameters.
FT13 and FT14 are datasets where card image output from LANTRAN will
be stored. In this example the output will be the point sources and GRID
source data from LANTRAN. This will later be used by MATRIK as part of a
SRCE package.
Keyword Package Input
The card input for this LANTRAN run begins with a PARAMETERS package.
The output unit for point sources and GRID data is set to 13, JC=13. The
grid is defined as in the previous example, and the levels for printer plot-
ting are set. The listing of the current status of program parameters is
printed on page 1 of the output.
A FIGURES package follows to specify each of the figures used in this
run. Section 2.2.2 describes the card format. This test case includes
both areas "A" and points "p". The first four figures are areas, the next
five are points, followed by more areas and points. FIGURES does not re-
quire any set order for inputting figures. Each figure is given a reference
number, an activity code, figure type, and for printing purposes an ID, and
a title.
The output on Pages 2 through 6 echoes the input data and also gives
the centroid and area for area figures.
A VALUES package is then used to set the values for control variables
associated with each figure. The VALUES package is described in Section 2.2.4
'56
-------
and the meaning of these variables is described in Section 2.3.1 and Section A.2
of Task 1 Appendix A. Briefly, KFORM specifies how each figure is to be
treated, KLINK "links" schools and commercial areas to residential areas,
KRCODE specifies connections of figures to central heating facilities, A3
specifies non-heating use for unheated figures such as parking areas, and
X is left blank. X will be calculated by COMPUTE 1. Section 2.3.1 describes
the method of calculation of heating demand, and describes the 'use of these
variables in those calculations. j
Page 7 of the output gives a tabulation*of the values that have been
associated with each figure.
After VALUES have been set, ACTIVITIES are associated with each activ-
ity code. In this run the activity variables ACTV, Al, A2, A4, and A5 were
associated . Section 2.2.6 describes the card format, and Sections 2.3.1
and Appendix A.3 of the Task 1 Report describe the use and meaning of these
variables. They are needed to calculate the BTU demand of each figure. A
tabulation of the values that have been associated with activity codes is
given on Pages 8 and 9.
With the VALUES set for each figure, and ACTIVITIES associated with
each of the land use activity codes, COMPUTE 1 is initiated to calculate
the BTU demand for each figure. Page 10 gives the present value for the
COMPUTE parameters. Page 11 indicates the RECODE linking of similar land
uses to central facilities. All RECODES are tallied. Page 12 gives the
results from BTU calculations for non-LINKed figures. Page 13 gives the
BTU demands for sources LINKed to other figures, finally, page 14 gives
the RECODES for the LINKed figures which use a central heating facility.
Page 15 gives the resulting values of each figure with a BTU demand in
BTU/hr.
After all the BTU demands have been calculated, the resulting fuel usage
must be calculated. An ACTIVITIES package is used to associate fuel use
schedules, process usage, and fuel type breakdowns for each activity. Again
Section 2.2.6 describes card formats, and Section A.3 of the Task 1 Report
describes variable names. Section 2.3.1 describes the use made of these
variables in the fuel use by activity. Page 17 gives the values associated
with activities. Pages 16 and 17 give a tabulation of the input data. NOTE:
for non-heating figures parameter A3 of the VALUES determines the activity
level, so the SCHED is 1. and the PROC is 0.
157
-------
With the fuel use determined COMPUTE 2 is used to take the BTU demand,
the fuel use, and the fuel emissions factors to calculate the resulting
emissions for each source. This is described in Section 2.3.1 and Section
A.3 of the Task 1 Appendix.
Next the ACTIVITIES for ZOO are input. This code is a general code that
permits the establishment of a level criteria that will apply to ALL point
sources. The levels specified will select any point source that generates
over 50 tons/year of any pollutant. The selected points will have a stack
height of 100 ft and a plume rise of 60 ft2/sec, set by DFHT and DFPL.
COMPUTE 3 is then initiated. The constants in CONST are reset from
their default used in previous COMPUTES, to the values for the units being
given to COMPUTE 3. CONST(l) converts point source emissions from tons/year
to gms/sec. CONST(2) converts distance from feet to meters. CONST(3) is
a plume rise adjustment, and CONST(7) is the emissions conversion for non-
point sources. CONST(5 and 6) are SCALE unit conversions, and ORIGIN resets.
They are 0. indicating that there is no change.
COMPUTE 3 first scans the point sources for any source with an emission
greater than the criteria in ZOO. The output on page 26 indicates that
figure 30 is the only point exceeding the 50 ton/yr criteria. The POINT
information listed on page 26 is also stored on UNIT 12. The POINT "card"
for the current SEASON, ANNUAL, is also output to JUNIT, 13. This will
eventually be read by MARTIK, so the output is in the proper form for MARTIK
SRCE package.
The values that are output have been scaled to metric internal units
by the array CONST. Pages 27 and 28 are a listing of the emissions data for
all seasons after the conversion to internal units.
After the SCOMPIN cards, the pollutant names for each season are set,
followed by the corresponding emissions factors for each activity and fuel.
When emissions factors remain the same between activity codes only one card
is needed for the emissions, otherwise a card must be included for each fuel's
emissions factor. Note that the same fuel may have different emissions factors
when used in different activities. Processess such as parking lot automobile
emissions are set relative to the process rate A3.
Pages 18 and 19 tabulate the emissions factors being used with each ac-
tivity code. When an emissions factor has been provided for a fuel that is
not associated with the activity the fuel is flagged. Although the SEASON
is ANNUAL, COMPUTE 2 calculated the emissions for all three seasons.
158
-------
The results' of the calculations are on pages 20 through 24. The first
three pages give the fuel usage for each figure and fuel, in fuel units per
year. Then using CONST(l) to convert emissions factors from Ibs/fuel .unit
to tons/fuel unit, the A CONG is calculated as tons/year. A concentration
results for each pollutant. Z2 is the pollutants resulting from the non-
heating sources of emissions such as the airport, Zl is the amount of extra
emissions due to separate processes such as associated with industry. These
are input with PROP as the percentage of the fuel emissions that should be
added to represent emisssions due to other processes. This is in addition
to the percentage of fuel use due to process heating.
Pages 23 and 24 tally the extent, and BTU/yr for each figure. Then
the emissions for each pollutant for each season, in tons/yr.
The next step is to allocate the emissions from the figures, to the
grid that was defined in the PARAMETERS. The ALLOCATION is done with MODE
1 allocation, see Section 2.1.1.1 of the Task 5 Report. The output on pages
the figures that have been allocated. The variables being allocated are
the pollutants CO and NOX. For each figure the grid cell being filled is
under the heading IX - IY, the extent in (scale units) , and the resulting
level of weighted CO and NOX.
Next values for each cell are LISTed, for CO and NOX. These prints are
on pages 31 and 32. Finally the values are PLOTed for CO and NOX. The sym-
bols and levels were chosen in the PARAMETERS. Pages 33 and 34 have the re-
sulting printer plots for the values.
The ALLOCATED output on the GRID is written out on unit JC, 13. The
variables being written are specified on the second card, see Section 2.2.8
This results in a card image "GRID" format for the variable CO and NOX being
output on Unit 13, immediately following the POINT cards output by COMPUTE 3.
These are all annual values because the season was ANNUAL in COMPUTE 3, and
the variable name was CO, NOX in both the ALLOCATION and OUTPUT. CO and NOX
are the annual names.
The next steps are intended to obtain WINTER values. First a PARA-
METERS package is read in to change JC to 14. This means that from here on
all output will be on unit 14. Then a COMPUTE 4 is input, with the SEASON
set to WINTER. This causes the POINT selected with WINTER values to be
output to unit 14. PLAND defaults to .TRUE, in COMPUTE 4 so there is no
tally of the POINT that was output.
159
-------
An ALLOCATION of the WINTER sources is achieved by allocating CO-W and
NOX-W. These are the names of the WINTER emissions rates associated with
each figure. The MODE 1 allocation gives output on pages 38 and 39, in
the same format as before. Then the GRID values are LISTed and PLOTed
as in the annual case. This is on pages 40 through 43.
Finally the WINTER values are OUTPUT. This results in a GRID package
for the winter emissions CO-W and NOX-W being output on unit 14 immediately
following the POINT card image. This is verified on the page 44 listing
indicating that CO-W and NOX-W were OUTPUT TO TAPE 14.
All of the desired computations, allocations, and dataset creations
have been done so the job is terminated with and ENDJOB card.
160
-------
/•P»P,NS cOPICti03
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161
-------
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1.5 1.0
15. (1.75
fl£0»YS CREEK CO«»E»C
01 5TRIRUTION
10. 1.0
RF3EABC"
25. 1.0
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»0. 1.0
SPECIAL U3f9
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00. 1.0
AIPPOBT
•AR
-------
D-OIL
N.Gtl
88888
Rll
Cll
i.CO«
8.CD»
R.OIL
O-OIL
N-G48
88888
Cll
Cll
Cll
Cll
Cll
Cll
Ctl
Cll
Cll
Cll
T20
PROCI
PBHC2
89988
T10
PROC1
898118
914
««co*
B.C01
R.OIL
O.niL
N.GiS
88888
914
92001
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D.QIL
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88888
R01
III
112
CI2
Cll
Cll
sal
884
171
140
TIO
SIS9S
»CTIV!TIFS
T9P
ZOO
so.
99999
COMPUTE
ICOMPIN
CONST'O
IFND
tLLQClTl
"ODE 1
LI9T
PLOT
44944
OUTPUT
SOX
50.
.0287,0.
nN
Cll
cn
r.n
10. 6.S 0,2 1
14. 0.6 20, 8
L0« DENSITY RESIDENT
NEIG«B.CO««ERC (COM.rutL
10. 7.0 40, 2,
19. 7.6 10. 1,
21. 00.0 0.2 1,
IS. 11.0 0.2 1,
14. 0.6 20. 8.
PRIMARY SCHOOL
SECONDARY SCHOOL
COMMUNITY COHHERt
HOTEL MKY COHHERC
P.ERRYS CBFfK COHHEP.C
DISTRIBUTION
RE9CABCH
CULTUBiL CTR
SPECIAL USES
TBAN4P CTR
IJQPOBT 1«COMMCRC 2BGCN,
8.0 2. 6. 0,
0.2 ?. l>, 0.
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o.l a.u 12,2 ?,'
TNftuftT (1ND,FUEL BURNING)
'.7! J. 5. 0.
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21. 20, 0.2 1
IS. 6, 0.2 1
|8. 0.6 0.0 00
1NDU9T
INDU3T "IT« PROCC99 F»I9
21. 20, 0.2 1
IS. 6. 0.2 1
18. 0.6 0.0 00
2S.
TFM FHM CnMPl CD
CO HC NI1H
SO. SO. SO.
j cn»"Pi
10S.o.n,n.,0.,0,, 0.0287,
IMNUIL 30UPCE CONCE^TRtTIONS
*JOK
NOX
NOX
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. a. 9
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BURNING)
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0 6,
0 ?«.
0 ?0.
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1".
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UNIT 1!
60,
94444
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(INPUT .!£•!<] tt»D
COHPIITF
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//F.RTMACIU J0« {8820Jauon03,(BT..,10l,»«,l'KFErf,J|«...— ... ., «6i 0 ) , »K, < JOB 128
// MSOLtVEL"!
•••PA»»» COPIESSOJ ACCEPTED
// 1*IC PO«THL<;.PAI<«.l.KEP»'LET,«»PiLlST')»EGIDN>aO«llOK,TI"r.,00«l
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»«L«eo IKEC •G»«ir.nL,»ARM>«AP.iF.T,LIIT', KOOOOOOJO
«» REGID"«IOO« 009000)0
KUYSMJNT DO IY8DuT«tso,i)Crt«(LBtCL«l?l/BL«SIZ£iHTJ), XOOOOOOUO
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KKSYSLIB DO DSNAxMSYM ,'nBT,. M,OI3P»SMR 00000060
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1EF28J! 3YJ7uouJ.Tn»lsS«,llvoOO.E»Tx»CiilvoOO.E»'»»C«E1P.OOOt3?« DELETED
1EFJ81I VOL SF» >.ns« tC.ISO^.
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TABLE CQUkT* 18
PdOS»A» VFR8IQN
I' 1001
LFVCL 721220 RUN
Li*D>u3t D'TA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VFR910N 1,1 (721220)
II FEH |«7a
P»R»»ETf«S
L'NTRtN "ODE 1 (MISSIONS
SCtLE UNIT. 1.000C 01 DETERS
GRI9 ntlGINl 178,000, UStO.OOO UNI7I
GRID D1HENJIONSI 9 CELL8K) BY t CCLL8CT)
CELL DI"CNSIONS(UNITS)t 1,00(» 8V I.OO(Y)
OUTPUT TA»f« 11
•IN. •>0«<2» l.OOOE-OU UNITS**!
Figure 32 LANTRAN Test Case 2 Printed Output
164
-------
14 10110 UNO.UIt DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM yCRgjON 1,1 (72H20)
II Ff« 1471
PI (JURIS
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
HUilDE
FIGURE
LANTRAN MODE 1 TUT CASF »2
I TYPfl
VERTEX
1
2
1
CENTR01D
2 TYPEl
1
2
3
1
5
CFNTRD1D
1 TYPH
VFRTf»
1
3
1
5
CE-TROI"
1' TYPEl
VFRTEX
1
2
3
1
5
CEHTR010
5 TYPFl
VFOTtX
1
14 |010 LANO.uSF DATA
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURt.
FIGURF
FIGURE
FIGURt
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
6 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
T TYPEl
VFRTEX
1
8 TYPFl
VFRTEX
VERTEX
1
10 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
11 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
12 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
J
1
CENTROID
13 TYPEl
VERTCX
1
10 TYPfl
VERTEX
1
IS TYPH
VERTEX
1
A IDl
X.COORD
581,600
582,500
58l|500
581, 600
582.052
A IDl
X.COORD
561,000
562,000
581,600
581,000
581,000
581,106
A IDl
X.CUORD
580,100
580.400
S10.900
5SO.IOP
580, lOrt
510.500
» III
I. COORD
581,100
581.600
581,100
S* I.I l>0
581,11)0
581.3M
o IDl
x.coriRD
560,700
1 COOEl ROI
Y. COORD
1522,000
1521.7*7
1521.000
1521.000
1522.000
1521. 02k TOTAL AREA*
1 CDOEl ROI
Y. COORD
1520,500
1520.500
1520.000
1520.000 i
0520.500 t
1520.270 TOTAL AREA*
1 C3DEI Rll
Y. COORD
1521.500
1521.500
1520.696
152K500
1521.199 TOTAL AREA*
1 CDDEl Rlt
Y.COflRO
152?. 297
1522.297
1521.548
1521,546
1522.247
1521.442 TOTAL AREA.
1 C3DEI III
Y.CnORO
1521.196
ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
P IDl
X.ConwD
581.300
P 101
X.CUORD
561.100
P IDl
X.COORD
581.100
X.COORD
580.100
P IDt
X.CUORO
561,200
P IDl
X.COORD
561,000
A IDl
X. COORD
561,000
561,500
561. SOO
581,000
SSI, 000
561,250
P Iftl
X .COORD
561.000
P 101
X.COORD
581, 000
P IDl
X. COORD
581. »00
t C3DEI 111
v.eniRO
1521.699
1 CDOEl 112
Y. COORD
1521.098
1 CDDtl 112
Y. CHORD
1521.098
1 CODEl Cll
Y.COORO
1521.046
COOEI cu
Y-COORO
1522.144
C3DEI Cll
Y.COORD
1S20.79T
C'JDEl CI2
. Y. COORD
1521.000
1521.000
1520.500
1520.500
1521.000
1520.730 TOTAL ARFA*
C3DEI C12
Y.COORO
1520, 74T
CODII Rll
Y. COORD
•S20.T4T
CQOtl Rll
V. COORD
1522, 5*6
(UNIT 5)
ARCA ]. RESIDENT,
0,774 '"'
AREA 65* RESIDENT u
0
n u
§ »
1
0,100
AREA 1». ISLAND RES
C!
0.161
«Bf» 14. ISLAND RES
0.350
POINT «7. SCHOOL /
vtRSION I.I (781220) 11 FfR 1971 »A(,f X
P"INT 50.SCHOHL /
POINT 133. SCHOOL
POINT 104. SCHOOL /
POINT 06. BUSINESS
POINT 5I.RUSIUESS
POINT to). IR.? NEIGH
AREA 102. BUSINESS /
0.250
POINT 130. BUSINESS /
POINT IU'IR.9 /
//POINT// JR.J/
Figure 32 Contd,
165
-------
11 1008 b.ND-USE D1U ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1.1 (7212211) II FES 1«7«
CODEl Cll A»E« 57.BUSINESS
FIGURE It TVPtl i
VERTEX *«C(lf)RD V«COORD
1 571.000 4521,217
2 571.500 4521.01)
S 571.500 4520.500
« 571.000 1520.500
5 571,000 1521,217
CENTRniO 571,2lfl
FIGURE IT TVFEl t l!)i
CQOEl Cll ABC* SB.BU3INC8S
V(RTE«
1
580,500
MO.MIS
M9.0DO
v-COOaO
520^717
VFRTF»
1
2
I
VF1TK
1
2
-i«,'.ri c
S12 . C V
SO TflTAt *B
r. inEi s»2
s ? ^, r- o o
s f'.' s o n
0.31*
POINT lal.BERRVS
CENTRniO SA-..^'-'l US?n.itB TOTit »flt*«
FIOURE IB TYPEI P iDi tnoEi cji
VFRTM K-rnn«D v-cnnso
1 *>T4,soo y5?i.r.E»o
F'IGUBE 11 TV«F| > l!;i 1 CjnEl C21 »PE» 20.Kn7fL
APtA U.nSTRnuTM
FIGIIBt 21 IVPH I IBl
0,500
ARFA 5KDF9EARCH
|1 |0«n LAMO.uSt DATA fiAi «st1 1 n-«f:1' IRIAT Jilx PSO&RA* VERSIOM 1.1 (721220)
CFSTWT!" Sf ','>.') us,*n.jq« TOTiL APIA*
FlGuwt 22 Troll s 1. I Cm* I 171
0.11R
A»FA Hi-CULTUBF CTP
CMiT4nID ST'.;1)'' '1',,'T .fi1)1* TOTAL AREA*
FIGUPF 21 T»Pll A ;.:i I fonil !»(!
vf OTfn
1
, „ • -, 4 S ,• 1, S ? ft
, •> ^ . s;-".. s 3 c
Sfll.500 "V1.000
0, 111
ARM H.JPCIAL USE
cr NT»nir> sei,
FICURF 21 T»PI| A ini
0.37S
ARM 2.TRIN9 CTR
~ •*;,'• :i G u ••.' f, n o n
^•i.ooo u'-^^.oao
h 71, d c r «-i ^ i-,. «i: c
CFhTPOlD ';/3.s.':n J^yr',?^C TOTAL ARM*
FIGURF 25 TVPfl A [ •! I C3Cltl T20
VERTri ir.r.nn^D v»CTJ»0
2 Sft'1,^01' (JS25.f!nO
o,«oo
ARM 1.AI9POHT
CEWTPHID SI'.^wl 1!t(!2,11ft TOTAL ARtAe
FIGURE It TfPEl P 101 ' CODEl TJO
VFRTEX (.CIJORO Y-CC10R5
1 578.500
Figure 52 ConLd.
POINT HI-SPCIAL uat
166
-------
I* 1000 UNO-USE OITA IN1LV3IS I TRAN9FOR"«T10N PROGRAM VER9ION I.I (721220)
ii res 1970
PIGURE IT TYPCl P 101
VERTEX
I
VERTEX
1
VERTEX
I
VERTEX
1
VERTEX
1
VERTFX
t
FIGURE 55 TYPfl
VF»TE»
1
COOEl IJJtS POINT 301 1NOU8T
X.CrtORD Y. COORD
592.500 1532.500
FIGURE 29 TYPEi p IO|
CODE I 9J001 POINT 2T> INDU9T
X.COnRO Y.COORD
592.300 0522.699
FIGURE 29 TYPEI P 101
COOEl 82081 POINT 270 INDU»T
x-CnnHD Y-CODRD
582.500 u52a.H1
FIGURt 10 TVPCl P 101
COOtl 92041 POINT 3J1 I"OUST
X-CIJOHO V. COORD
582,000 4522.69*
FIGURE II TVPIt P IDl
CODEl 91585 POINT 278 / INDU9T
x.cunRn ".COORD
582,100 11522,08
FIGuRt 12' TVPEl ' 101
CODEl S5585 PPINT 275 / INOU8T
x.cnnRD v-conso
582,100 U522.B9R
X-CCIURO Y.CIORD
582,200 U5??.8»8
9)585 POINT \TH I INDU9T
19 1000 LAND*U9E DATA ASALV9IS t THAN9FOQ
tATI'JN PROGRAM
VERSION 1.1
VALUF9 LANTRAV MODE 1 TEST CA9E «2
VALUES SPECIFIED FOR FIGURES--
FIGURE. KFOHH
1 .SOOE
2 1.500E
1.900E
1.90HE
6, OOOE
6,AOOF
6, OOOE
(..900E
10
II
12
15
10
15
16
17
10
19
20
21
22
25
20
25
26
27
28
29
30
il
.900E
,900E
,900E
,900E
,90flE
,500t
,OOOE
,900E
.900E
,OOOE
.OOOE
,OOOF
.OOOE
.OOOE
.OOOE
.OOOE
.OOOE
.OOOF
,OOOE
,900E
,900E
.OOOE
.900E
12 5.900E
35 J, OOOE
01
01
01
01
01
01
111
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
KLINK
0.9
0,0
o.n
0.0
I.OOOE 01
I.OOOE 01
1.000C 01
I.OOOE 00
0.0
0.0
I.OOOE 01
0,0
1.000F 01
0,0
I,OOOF ni
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
o.o
0,0
o.o
0.0
0,0
0.0
0,0
o.o
o.o
0.0
0.0
o.o
0.0
KRCOOE
0.0
0.0
I.OOOE
I.OOOE
0.0
0,0
0,0
7,0001
1.100E
I.100E
t.OOOE
I.500E
I.UOOE
0.0
0.0
I.800C
I.900E
0,0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
,0
.OOOE
.OOOE
.0
.SOOE
.3006
,0
01
01
00
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
XFACTR
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
5.000E-OI
5.000F-OI
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
S.OOOE.01
5. OOOF. 01
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
(721220)
(UNIT V
At
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
,0
.0
,0
,0
,0
.0
.OOOE 05
.SOOE 0]
.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
11 FEF1 1970 PAGE 7
X
0,0
0.0
o.o
0.0
0,0
0,0
o.o
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
o.o
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
Figure 32 Contd.
167
-------
1' 1000
ACTIVITICI
KEY-ACTIVITY
HOI
Hit
111
Mi
Ctl
C1I
CJl
C2I
SU2
SB9
171
S»2
no
T20
T30
S39
19 IflttO
S19
3)9
19 10QO
LANO«USE DATA AN41.Y3IS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
ACTIVITY CODES TO BE USED BY C3«»l t CO«H
ACTIVITY ACTIVITY NAMES
ACTV Al
L0« DENSITY RESIDENT
16790,000 10.000
ISL'NO RtSIOtNT
7500,000 50,000
P»I»ARY SCHOOL
15000,000 21,000
SECONDARY SCHOOL
15000,000 10,000
1E1G*B, COMMERCIAL.
I».250 0.500
COMMUNITY COMMIRC
10.250 1,500
HOTEL «»» CO»«tRC
16.?50 15.000
CJ1 B6RRYS CRFf COMMCRC
Ib.S'iO J5.000
DISTRIBUTION
I2.SOO 10,000
Of SE1BCH
20,000 25,000
CULTURAL CTR
17. 500 00.000
190 SPICIAL USES
12,500 30,000
TRAMSP CTR
U.SOO «0,000
AIRPORT
0.0 0.0
PARKINC; LOT
0,0 0,0
JNDU3T
27.500 SO.OOO
LAND-USf DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSPORXA TTUN PROGRAM
S35»5 INOUST
27. !>00 110. 000
Si>ntil INDUST
27.SOO 40.000
LANO.USE DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORM! TIDN PROGRAM
VtRSION
(•1)
AJ
1,500
O.SOO
0.150
'o.loo
1,000
1.000
0,750
0,750
1,000
1,000
t.ooo
1,000
1,000
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0,0
1.000
VFRSION
t.ooo
1.000
VERSION
I.I (7Z1ZJO) II fit I«T«
(UNIT 5)
A« «5
0.0 1.500
1500.000 2.500
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0.0 0,0
0.0 0,0
0.0 0.0
0,0 0,0
0.0 0.0
o.o o.o
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I.I (7?l?20) 11 FEB l«7»
0.0 0.0
0.0 0,0
l.t (721220! II FEB 1970
PACE 9
f.
PAGE 9
PAlif |0
COMP1
COMPUTATIONS PEPFHHMfcO RT PflUTI-Jt 1
••••SUBROUTINE COMP
IFVIN IFVOUT UNIT JUMT It »
0 0 12 13 Ig
DO" PDA OFPBMT If OHM }' $
0,0 0,0 0,0 0
NAM
CONST *i
0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
IPUNCM PLANO SEASON ,
T F ANNUAL
••••SUBROUTINE CUMP1 ^
19 1000 LAND-USt DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220) 11 FEB 19711 PAGf II
••••RECODE
IREF
,
H
9
10
12
It
17
It
11
11
11
CUDE
Rll
Rtl
en
Cll
CI2
Clt
Cll
12001
11001
I15S5
S35S5
• FORM
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
KRCODE
ID
10
II
1!
11
It
1 6
10
10
11
31
AREA(KRCOOE) AREA(IREF)
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Figure 32 Contd.
168
-------
I* 1000
UNO-USf DATA ANALY8IS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VFRIION 1.1 (721220)
11 FEB 1471
PAGE 12
••••NOUN
IREF CODE
1 ROI
2 ROI
la mi
II 01
14 C21
20 »12
21 S»4
22 171
25 140
20 TIO
2S T20
it, TJO
27 93SS5
f(l S201I
]> S15S5
14 1000 LAND-USE
••••LINK
IBFF COOt
S 111
6 III
7 112
A 112
11 Cll
1) C12
IS Rll
14 10110 LAND-USE
••••Rtcnot
IRC' CODE
8 112
11 Cll
1) CI2
••••SUBROUTINE COHPO
14 10UO LAND-USE
IREF
1
2
5
6
7
10
IS
19
14
20
21
22
21
21
25
16
27
JO
11
KFORN
IS
IS
IS
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
?0
20
so
10
10
M A2 AREA tCTV
10.00 |42.2« 16750.00
10.00 48.70 IITSO.OO
50.00 IDS. OS 7SOO.OO
IS. 00 0.7S 180,16 16, tS
IS. 00 0.7S 61.70 16. »!
10,00 1.00 12). 54 II. SO
2S.OO 1.00 48.55 20.00
10,00 1.00 04. It 12.10
50,00 1.00 42,S« 11. SO
'0,00 1,00 121.34 12, SO
00,00 1,00 10,00 27, SO
00.00 1,00 10.00 27,90
00,00 1.00 10.00 27. SO
DATA ANALYSIS 1 TOANSrOR«ATION PROGRAM VERSION
KFOR"
60
to
60
64
54
54
no
KLINK Al A2 • All
10 50.00 0.50 IS, 00
10 SO, 00 0,10 2S, 00
10 SO, 00 0,90 50,00
1 10,00 1,90 50,00
10 SO, 00 O.SO
1" 50,00 l.SO
10
DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERItON
KFORH
64
S4
«4
KHcnnr XKRCOOO
7 «,0047"E OS
10 7.8I02SC 07
10 ft.miac 07
DATA AKALVSI3 1 TRANSFOR1* T ION »ROB»»» VCRBION
KFO««
IS
IS
60
60
60
IS
• 0
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
20
20
10
10
10
XFACTB A! «
0,0 0,0 l.tOtllie 07
0,0 0,0 1.BS064E 07
O.SO 0,0 .42057E OS
0,50 0,0 ,410571 OS
0,0 0.0 ,0047tE OS
0,90 0,0 ,04U9Sr 07
O.SO 0,0 ,80065t 07
0,0 0,0 ,«?56»f 07
0,0 0,0 .106571 07
0.0 0.0 ,OISS4t 07
0.0 0.0 .10IS6E 07
0,0 0,0 ,0707>E 07
0,0 0.0 .S1I64I 07
0,0 0.0 ,»«70St 07
0,0 000000,00 0,0
0,0 1900,00 0,0
0,0 0,0 0,741601 0»
0,0 0,0 l.05708t 07
0,0 0.0 1.0170(1 OT
X
1.60008E 07
1,850*5! 07
7,tt4SO( 07
1.02S66E 07
l.l«»57f (17
2.01SS4F. 07
2.10156C n?
1.0707BF. 07
1.SII64E 07
Z,6«7osf 07
U.79I60E 06
1.05708F 07
1.05708( 07
1,1 (721228) II FE« 1470 P»Cf !•*
A22 AREA AACTV AO V
O.U5 20S.OS 15000.00 I.18007E 06
0.05 2P5. OS 150HO.OO I.18007E 06
0,20 205,05 ISOOO.OO 5.I262HE OS
0,20 142.20 ISOOO.OO 2,M!5AE OS
205,05 16,25 1500,00 I.204SIE 06
205. OS 16.25 1500.00 5.70I51E 06
7.68410E 07
1,1 (721220) 11 FE8 1470 PAGF |0
»(I»EF!
j.esuBf os
1.1045K 06
3.708511 06
1,1 (721220) 11 FE8 1470 PAGE 15
Figure 32 Contd.
169
-------
19 10«0
ACTIVITIES
KET»»CTI»ITY
LAND-USE DAT* ANALYSIS I TfUNSPODHATTON PROGRAM VERSION 1.1
t*******ftftftft****t***}ft*ft*ft*ft******p>ftft***at*«**ft*****ft**ft****t**ti
ACTIVITIES TO BE USED BY CO«P2 «i)
(721220)
(UNIT 5)
II fit 19TII
PAGE It
ACTIVITY »CTIVITY NAMEB
• 01
Rll
111
III
Cll
Cll
Cll
Cll
902
3B9
171
190
TIO
T20
TIO
319
19 1000
9CHED PROC
LOtf DENSITY RESIDENT
•760,000 10.000
ISLAND RESIDENT
1760,000 10,000
PRIMARY SCHOOL (ALL SCHOOLS)
1600,000 0,0
« 112 SECONDARY SCHOOL
1600,000 0,0
R.OIL
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NEIGHB, COMMERCIAL (ALL COMMERCIAL)
5000,000 0,0 0,0
C12 COMMUNITY COMMERC
1000,000 0,0
C21 MOTEL H»Y CDMMERC
1000,000 0,0
Cll BtRRYS CREEK COHMERC
1000,000 0,0
DISTRIBUTION
3600,000 0.0
RESt ARCH
2000,000 0.0
CULTURAL T.TR
1000.000 0.0
SPfCIAL U9FS
JhOO.OOO 0.0
TRAN9P CTR
•760,000 0.0
A1RPURT-FLIGMTS/VR
1,000 0.0
PARKING LPT-VEHS/YR
1.000 0.0
INOUST (LIGHT)
1600,000 75.000
LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
0.0
0,0
0,0
o.o
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.950
VERSION
D'OIL
0,0
1.000
1,000
1.000
1,010
1,000
1,000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.0
0.0
0,0
1,1 (721220)
N.OA8 PROCI
1,000 0,0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0,0
0.0 0.0
(1,0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0,0
0,0 0,0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0,0 0,0
0,0 1,000
0,050 0,0
j 11 FEB I97U
»«OC2
0.0
o.o
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
o.o
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
l.noo
0,0
0,0
PAGE 17
TNDU3T (MFAtfY)
32(1
319
19 loon
32011
3J5B5
LANO-USE DATA
H760.000 90.000
INDUST
•760.000 90.000
INDUST
1600,000 75.000
ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
0.750
0.750
0.930
VERSION
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.1 (721220)
O.'iO 0.0
0.7SO 0.0
0.050 0.0
11 FEB 1970
1,0
0,0
n.o
PAGE |8
cn«P2
COMPUTATIONS PFRKORMtO BY RQUTINF
(UNIT 5)
••••SUBROUTINE CPMP
IFVIN IFVOUT UNIT
0 0 12
DON DOA DFPRHT
0,0 0.0 0.0
NAM
CONST
0.0 0.0 0.0
IPUNCH PLAND
T F
••••SUBROUTINE COHP2
JUNIT
1)
IFORM
0
0.0 0.0
SEASON
ANNUAL
0,0
0.0
RM
D.OIL
N.OAI
KM
Cll
n.oil
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TSP. 9
son cn
snx-N co~*
SOX-9 CO-8
HC N0«
HC>H N0»»u
HC-9 NO«-9
ISLAND RESIDENT (RFS. FUEL BURNIND)
• • FUELNAMC NOT FOUND IN AVNAMUOCATION9 I TO 7), FUEL IS B.COA
10,0000 6.5000 0.2000 I.0000 0.8000
19,0000 0.6000 20,0000 8.0000 3.0000
R01
LQH DENSITY RESIDENT
NEIGHS.COMHERC (COH.FUEL BU'NINO)
FUELNAXE NOT FOUND IN «VNAH(LOCAT!QNS ] TO T). FulL IS A.COi
FUELNAME NOT FOUND IN AVNAH(LOCATIONS I TO T), 'UEL IS 8-COA
21.0000 00.0000 0.2000 3.0000 20.0000
15,0000 11.0000 0.2000 1.0000 Jo.0000
19.0000 0.6000 20.0000 8.0000 B.OOOO
Figure 32 Contd.
170
-------
Cll
Cll
Cll
Ctl
Cll
Cll
CM
Cll
Cll
III
Mi
Cll
Ctl
CJ1
S1I2
SB1
IT1
110
PKHUHY SCHOOL
SECONDARY 9CMOOL
COMMUNITY COMMERC
HOTFL H»Y COHHERC
BERKY9 CREFK COMMCRC
OI3TRI8UTION
RESEARCH
CULTURAL CTR
9PEC1AL UStS
Till
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1,1 (72U20)
II FIB 1171
P«5t 19
T20
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PROCI
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8,0000
0.2000
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x cn nr NOX
AIRPORT I'COMMEflC 2IGEN.AVIATION
2.0000 6.0000 1.0000 3.5000
2,0000 6,0000 0.7000 0,2000
PARKING LOT
1.1000 12,2000 2,7000 0.1000
S11
••••••
*•«•*•
R-nu
O'OIL
N-GA9
319
INDUST (IND.FUEL HURN1NG)
FUELNANE NOT FOUND IN AWNAMtLPClTIONS 1 Tn 71. FUEL 19 A-COA
FUELNAMF NOT FOUND IN AVNiM(LOCATIQNS 3 TO 7). PUFL 19 fl-COA
2).0000
IS.0000
IB, (1000
211,0000
6.0000
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TNDUST
0.2000
0.2000
0,0000
i.onoo
1.0000
no.oooo
18.0000
It.0000
IUO.OOOO
INDUST «ITM PHOCE9S (MJ3
R-OIL 21,0000 21.0000 0,2000
D-niL IS.0000 6,0000 0.2000
N-GAS 18,0000 0.60110 0.1000
PROP 2 6
1.0000 It.0000
5.0000 16,0000
10,0000 110,0000
0,0 0.0
0 1*1 -FL«G •
11 1010
LINO-USE DATA ANALY3I3 I TR>N3F3RHtT10N PROGRtM
1.1 (721220)
ii FEB 1171
I»FF CODE FUEL
1 ROI N-GAS
N-GA9
N-GAS
N-GAS
N-GAS
•I-GA3
2 R0| N-GA3
N-GA3
N-GAS
N-GA3
N-GAS
N-GA3
S III O-nlL
D-OIL
0-OIL
D-OIL
D-ntL
0-OIL
6 III n.nlL
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D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
7 112 D-nlL
D-OIL
0-rlIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-nIL.
1" Rll D-OIL
D-TIL
0-OIL
n-OIL
n-niL
D-niL
15 Rll D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
0-OIL
D-OIL
18 C3I D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
11 C2I 0-OIL
D-OIL
D-OIL
0-OIL
OFUEL
5.11101!
3.181UIE
3.1811IE
1.I01UIF
1.1A91IE
1.I81IIIE
1.617S8E
I.617S8C
1.61758E
1.617SBE
1.617S8E
1.637S8E
7.797J1E
7.71751E
7.717S1C
7.797S9E
7.79711E
7.717S1E
7.79759E
7.717S9E
7.71751E
7.71759E
7.71751E
7.71751E
9.02S10E
9.02MOE
9.02S10E
9.02SI1E
9.025IOE
9.02SIOE
2.606S9E
S.80659E
2.80659E
2.S06S1E
2.806S9C
2.S0659E
2.63S10C
2.61SJOE
2.63S10E
2.63S30E
2.63J30E
2.63SIOE
7.21711E
7.21711E
7.2S73IE
7.2171IE
7.217318
7.21711E
2.U2I10E
2.12110E
t.«2noe
2.12I90E
POLLUTANT
02
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2,12110e-02
Figure 32 Contd.
171
-------
I' 1040
LAND-UK O*T« ANALYSIS l TRANSFORMATION p^oonan
(Y2I280)
11 FES i»74
f»GC 21
m
20
21
22
21
24
25
IS
25
25
25
26
26
26
26
26
27
27
CODE
342
989
171
190
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19 1000 LAND-USE DATA
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92041
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3,01 628g
3.01628E
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7.54071E
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1.2957)e
9.40B95E
1.29373E
9.40R95E
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9,40895E
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19 1800 LINO-UK 0»TA ANALYSIS I T«ANSFOB«»Tia»l MOCHA. vfl»9.!f)N 1.1 (721220) II FEB !97«
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19 IOUO LAND.USE DATA ANALYSIS > TBAUJFIB"A»'ON P»OGBA» VEPSIOK 1,1 (721220) II FEB I97u PAGE ?6
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19 10110 LAND. USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
GRID LISTING FOR VARIABLE CO I
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176
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U • IY
a 2
5 2
TOTALS
0 1
TOTALS
1 I
TOTALS
U I
TOTALS
a I
TOTALS
} 1
a 1
TOTALS
o l
TOTALS
I 1
I I
TOTALS
1 )
EXTENT
7,7»or.-OI
o|asa7
1.0000
1.000E-OI
0,0000
1.0000
I.OOOE 00
I.OOOE 00
1.0000
l.OOOt 00
I.OOOE 00
1,0000
I.OOOE 00
I.OOOE 00
1,0000
I.OOOE 00
5.000E.01
S.OOOt-01
1,0000
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I.OOOE 00
1,0000
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5.000S.OI
S.OOOE.Ol
1,0000
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1.638C.3J
1.6I8E.OJ
a.7»TE.OJ
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7.HH.01
l.VKE.OI
Figure 32 Contd.
178
-------
19 10110 LAND* USE DATA ANALYSIS
TOTALS
20 A
J 1
tt I
TOTALS
21 A
1 1
TOTALS
22 A
2 1
TOTALS
23 A
tt 1
5 1
11 A
2 1
TOTALS
2S A
1 2
2 2
1 J
2 3
1 I
TOTALS
26 P
1 1
TOTALS
27 P
5 i
TOTALS
11 P
5 3
TOTALS
19 10UO L'NO-USE DATA ANALYSIS
GO ID LISTING FOR
1
1 ?.U9 17
2 2.73 1
1 0.79 0
19 lOttO LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS
GRin LISTING FOR
1
1 0,0) 0
2 0.09 0
1 0.06 1
1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
1
5
0
0
1
1
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.
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2.019E-01
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9
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1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
VARIABLE
2
,63
.10
,01
I T
,9>3E.OI
.line. 01
.jeae.oi
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.960E.02 ''
.9601.02
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,1
-------
14 10«0 LAND.USE DAT* ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION
VEIUION 1.1 <72i22n>
it ret |4T«
PAOE at
ORID PLOT FOR VARIABLE C0.«
1 2 1 t !
• »»xxxxx««««>...
UVEL DESIGNATIONS...
CfLL COIINTI
VALUtl
MAX1HU"!
MININUNI
l« tone
1
t
0.00
0.0(1
UNO-USE
2
6
0.11
0.10
0.00
DATA
1
1
1.01
1.00
0.10
ANALYSIS 1
II
J
4.J8
5.00
1.00
5
1
7.24
10.00
s.oo
TRANSFORKATIDN PROGRAM
t
xxxxx
xxxix
xxxxx
xxxxx
t
IT.il
20.00
10,00
VERSION
T
00000
onooo
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ooooo
0
o.o
SO, 00
20.00
1.1
9
••«••
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!0,00
(T21220)
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100.00
11
10
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ris I«T« ptct 111
CRIB PL"! FOR VARIABLE MOX-il I
1 I J « 5
LtVEL OESI5N4TION9...
CfLL COUNT 1
VALUF 1
MAXIMUM!
MINIMUM,
14 1000
OUTPUT
1 2 J
10 6 «
0.0 0.10 J.Bk
0,00 0,10 1,00
0,00 0.10
LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS 1
MRITEt "INTER ORID
It
1
l.tfc
5.00
1.00
567
000
0.0 0.0 0.0
10.00 20.00 50.00
5.00 10.00 20,00
1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION I.I
PACKAGE TO
UNIT la
8410
••••• Mill Mill
••••• (MM Mill
MMI HIM HIM
•MM HIM Mill
000
0,0 0,0 0,0
100.00 500.00
50,00 100,00 500.00
(711220) 11 FEB 14711 PAGF an
(UNIT 5)
6PID VALUES POR CON ,NOX." ,
OUTPUT TO TAPE 1« BfOINNINO IEOUENCE NU'ifR 10«OOJOO
FNO OP PR06MAM,
Figure 32 Contd.
180
-------
2.5.3 Test Case 3: Mode 1, Population Allocation
Job Control Language
After initiating LANTRAN from the linkage editor, the CCL initiates
execution. The datasets used by this run are on Units 9, 11, 12, and 13.
FT09 is the program run log.
FT11 is a temporary dataset used to hold figure descriptions.
FT12 is a temporary dataset. It is not used in this run but as des-
cription has been provided.
FT13 is the dataset that will hold the GRID package which will be
created in this run for use in IMPACT.
Keyword Package Input
The initial parameters specify the same grid system as has been used
in the other runs. The levels in LEV have been reset to levels chosen to
represent the variables to be calculated. HEADR = .FALSE, so now OUTPUT
will create a GRID package instead of a SRCE package.
The FIGURES are identical to the figures in the previous test case;
the land use being studied is the same.
The VALUES package creates the links and recedes between schools, com-
mercial areas, and residential areas. The variables A3 and X are needed
only for heat calculations, so they are not included in the VALUES package.
Otherwise, this VALUES package is the same as in the emissions creation test
case.
The ACTIVITIES package is identical to that in the other test case with
the addition of the variable A5. This is the number of people per dwelling
unit.
181
-------
A VALUES package creates the variables R01 and Rll. These are vari-
ables that will be assigned to grid cells and although they have the same
spelling as the activity codes R01 and Rll, they will be used differently.
The COMPUTE 5 is run with CONST(1) = 1. This would normally result in
calculation of the values for POP and SCHOOLS but these variable names have
not yet been specified. When COMPUTE 5 discovers that the variable names
have not been specified it bypasses the calculations and behaves as though
CONST(1) has been multiplied by 10. In this case the "conglomerations" have
taken the extent of each figure with an activity code of R01 and Rll, and
placed this in the variable R01 for each figure. Page 11 indicates the
figures which have been used in creating these values.
A COMPUTE 6 follows to delete the last active variable name, Rll. This
is done to provide the space that will be needed in the next part of the run.
The activity code Rll will remain active; only the variable Rll has been
deleted.
The next two VALUES packages define as variable names for "gridded"
variables:
POP, SCHOOLS, S, S89, S42, C21, C31, T10, 171, 190, and T20.
This completely fills the 18 available slots for names of variables. With-
out the use of COMPUTE 6 the last name, T20, could not have fit.
A COMPUTE 5 follows. CONST(l) = 1. again, but not the variables POP
and SCHOOLS exist. As described in Section 2.3.1 the COMPUTE 5 uses the
information given in Al, dwelling units per acre, AS, population per dwelling
unit, and A2, given in the ACTIVITIES package and in Al, A2, A5 and the links
and recedes to determine the population present in each grid cell and the
school population present in each grid cell. The output on Page 16 indicates
the figures and linkages that were used in the calculations.
182
-------
At the end of the COMPUTE 5 calculations the SCHOOLS and POP have been
calculated. The same compute has also "conglomerated" the extents of the
land use variables specified into the variable S.
Another COMPUTE 5 immediately follows to complete the "conglomeration."
This COMPUTE specifies that CONST(l) = 10. The value 10. indicates that the
SCHOOLS and POP calculations have been completed. This COMPUTE 5 will take the
variables 190 and T20, add them to S and save the result in S.' Now S contains
the extent of all the commercial figures.
With all of the variables specified, an ALLOCATION is performed to
allocate the variables from the figures on to the grid. A mode 1 allocation
is performed on the variables POP, SCHOOLS, R01, and S. Now each grid cell
contains the values for each of the variables that have been allocated. The
variables are LISTed and PLOTed. Pages 22 through 29 show the values that
have resulted.
The final stage is to OUTPUT the variables POP, SCHOOLS, R01, and S.
HEADR = .FALSE, so the OUTPUT will create a GRID package on unit JC. JC was
specified 13 in the initial PARAMETERS; the GRID package is output to FT13.
This package conforms completely to the specifications for a GRID package,
and the GRID card title identifies the run which created it.
With the variables that IMPACT will need created in "gridded" format
the test case is ended with an ENDJOB.
183
-------
/•P«»NI cnpies«oj
// I«!C POPTMLO,P»R".l.«eO«'I.F.T.M»P,t.I3T>,RFOION.83.|98P<,TIMt.oo.J
//IKIO.S'SUN 00 •
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//OO.FTIIf 001 DO UNIT«SY9D»,SP»Ct"ICYt..l>.
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//SO.rTlJFOM 00 UNIT.3YSO».9HCf.i(CYI..i>.
// DC»,«(R!CF>nrs,l.l'CC|."8»iBLI<8m<»800)
//GO.PTHPOOt OD 08NH.>NU9!,OISP«OLO/
// gNIT.8YSPv,vci.«tP»I'»Yf >"!T»IN,9M««1"'<«H
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POINT 47-srHnnL /
POINT lO-SCHOfU /
POINT isi»8CHnnu
PL1INT 119«ICHOnL /
POINT 4H*B!!SlNF33
POINT ;i»BU9lNF98
POINT U5.TK-2 NFIGH
>RF> |02>BU3Ixr33 /
POINT llO.RU3tNF.33 /
POINT n»-l»"2 /
//POINT// 1R«;/
*R€* IT-WUSINFSS
POINT 11t*RERRVS
IDE* ?O.HOTft «»V
>«C> II-08TRBIITN
1I2.CULTURC CT°
>RFt 2»TRtN| CTR
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POINT tll*IPCI>L US!
POINT tot INBUST
POINT IT! INOUIT
POINT 1TI INDU9T
POINT II) tNOUit
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184
-------
POINT 511 / 1NBU8T
44944
vtiuta
KPOR
to
it
it
11
la
IS
16
IT
18
14
to
21
12
11
IK
15
16
IT
18
14
10
11
12
11
44444
»CT1VITIE9
ACTV l|
R01
18750.
Rll
MOO.
Ill
15000.
Ill
15000,
Cll
16.15
Cll
16.25
Cll
16.25
C2I Cll
Sill
12. 'S
580
20.0
ITI
II.'S
sal 140
TIO
12.5
T20
TIO
914
2T.'5
914 S1585
914 92nm
44499
VALUES
• 01
99999
COMPUTE
ICOMPIN
CON8T«t.i2.,
NAM. '001 ', 'Rll
IEND
COMPUTE
ICOMPIN
CON9T>T.',
IPND
VALUES
POP
99999
VALUES
Cll
99999
COMPUTE
ICOMPIN
CON8T«1.'.T.,
NIM« ' 8 ' i ' 889 ' (
IIND
COMPUTE
CONBT'IO.,1,,
NINl>8>, 'HO1,
IEND
ALLOCATION
MODE 1 POP
LI8T POP
PLOT POP
99944
OUTPUT
POP
94444
CNOJoa
/•fOP
LINTIAN MOOt 1 T18T Cl|[ •!
H HLINK KRCOOI XPICTH
IS.
IS.
14. ID,
14. ID.
60. |«. 0.10
60. 11. g.JO
60, ID.
64. 1. T.
14. (I.
14. 11,
54. III. |«,
14. 11,
54. ID. ID,
IS. 0,50
10. la, 0,50
14. 18,
19. |8.
10.
10.
to.
10.
10.
10.
10.
20.
10.
10.
14, 10.
14, 10,
10.
14. 11,
14. 11.
10.
ACTIVITY COOES TO tl (Jttn IV CONP
12 All IS
LON DENSITY RcaiDtNT
10. 1.5 I.S
I9LIND RESIDENT
50. 0.5 1500. 2.5
PRIMARV 9CM01L
25. 0,115
9ECUNOIRV SCHHOL
10. 0,20
NEIGMB.CONMMCIIL
0.5 1,0
COMMUNITY COMMERC
1.5 1.0
MOTEL M»V COMMlRC
15. O.T5
MRRV9 CREEK COMMCRC
DISTRIBUTION
SO. 1.0
RF9EIRCM
25, 1.0
CULTURIL CTR
HO. 1.0
SPECIAL USES
TRIN8P CTR
10. 1.0
AIRPORT
•ASKING LOT
INOU9T
110. 1.0
INDU9T
INDU9T
LAND U8E9««RE8IOENTIAL
Rll
5 LAND U9E OPERAT10N9
i ,
6 DELETE LAST RE9inENTI«l VARIABLE
LIND U8( VARIABLES
9CNOOL9 9 814 gal
LINO USE VARIABLES CCONT.J
TIO ITI 140 TIO
5 NON. RESIDENTIAL LIND U9C8
l8aI','C2l'.'Cll','TIO','ITI',
1 NDN. RESIDENTIAL LIND USES (CONT.)
'TIO',
NODE 1 LIND U9C ALLOCATION
SCHOOLt «OI 1
8CMOOL* P-01 8
SCHOOL' POI 8
•BITE LIND USES TO UNIT 11
SCHOOLI ROI 8
UOOOOO.
1500,
i i COMPS
C21
Figure 33 Contd.
or
-------
//ERTMACKL JOB (S8202««000<>,ERT--,IOl,-" .MKEEPE.ZH——•-• ,0*10),XX,X JOB 5T6
// NBOLEVEL'l
...PARMS COPIE810J «CCIPTfD
//INPARM EXEC FO»THC,PARN.FO*T«'LnAO,OPT»2l
XX PROC PR«A,FU«B 00000010
xxroftT (nee POMIEKAAOO.PARNI'NOLOAO', 100000020
XX RECION»2}OK 000000)0
XX9VSPRINT 00 SVSOumPR,OCB«(RECFK«VBA,LReCL«lJ7.BUSm»l»»B) OOOOOOUO
ICF6S1I SUBSTITUTION JCL - SvaOUT»A,OCB«(REeFN«VBA,LRECL"lJ7.BLK81IE«l6««>
»»IY«PUNCM DD SYSOUT«lPU,OCBl(MCFM«rB,lREC!.«eO,lLKBIIE«l»flO), XOOOOOOSO
IEPtS)I SUBSTITUTION JCL - 8YSOUT«B,OCB«(RlCPN«F§.,LRECL»BO»BLI IIRHAP,
IEPJ7JI STEP /FOP.T / START 70006.00«7
ItfJTOI STEP /I-ONT / STOP 70006.0007 CPU 0«IN O'.OSSEC MAIN ?JSK LC3 OK
// EXEC PORTHLr.,PARMIi.KCD«'LET,MAP,LI9Tl,RtOIONlGO>|4SKlTIHE.(!0>2
«X PROC PR«A 00000010
XXLKED EXEC PCM«IE.L,P»I"««'»AP,LIT,LIST', X00000020
» REGIONilOOK 00000030
XISYSPRINT DO SY8[)IIT>1PR,DCH>(L»(CI>121,BLKSIIE«I!7]). XOOOOOOOO
IEF6S1I SUBSTITUTION JCL - 3Y30UT«A,DCB«(LRECL«121,BLKSIZE"IS7S),
XX SPACE>!lS7I,(20,aS)) 00000050
KXSYSLlB DO DS*iAiiE«SY'll,FOnTLIB,DISP>3NR 00000060
XX DO DSNAME'SYSl.OOUBLEP.DISPiSHR 00001070
XXSYSUT1 DD UNIT>SYSDA,SPACt*(CYL,(2,l)) 00000080
XISYSLXOD DO DSN«1GOSET(FHXXMIIN),UNM>SYSDA,DISP«(,PASS)> 000000*0
XX SPACEXCYL.US,,!)) 00000100
//I.HE0.9YSLIN OD •
//LKED.ERT OD DSN>ERT990000.CRTLIR,DISP«SHR
//LKED.LA*! DO DSN>LANTRAN,DISP>IILD,
// UNtT>9VSPV,VOL»(PRIVAT»,RETAIN,StR*AIRMAP)
lEPtltl ALLHC. FPR ERTH4CKL LKEO
IEF2J7I osi ALLOCATED T;I SYSPRINT
IEF2J7I 256 ALLOCATED in SYSLIB
IEF2I7I ?S7 ALLOCATED TR
IEFJ17I 2SO ALLOCATED TO SV3UTI
IEFU7I 2?l ALLOCAT10 TO S»SI."OD
IFF2J71 06S ALLOCATED TO SYSLIN
IEF217I ?ss ALLOCATED ^n ERT
IEF2I7I 101 ALLOCATED TO LAN
IIF102I . STEP HAS EXECUTt!) - COND COUt 0000
ICP2SSI SYSl.FORTLIB KEPT
ICF2SSI VIIL SER NOS* ACS101.
IEF2S5I SYSl.onuBLFP KEPT
IEF2BSI VOL StR NOS* AC3102,
ICP2S5I SYS70006,Tno2l<8.RVOOO.E<><>OOOO.ERTLIB KFPT
IEF2BSI VOL 3t« >"IS« USEROO.
IEF2BSI LANTRAN KEPT
IEP2BSI VOL StR "OS* HRHAP.
IEFI7II STEP /L«tD / START 70IHI6.0007
IEP)7aI STtP /L«EO / STOP 70006.0008 CPU OMIN 20.163EC MAIN «8K LCS OK
«SO f»EC PGN».LKt0.3YSL>(!S.lT,LKCD) 00000110
XXPT06FOOI OD SYSOuTitPR>DCB«(RFC'>l>FBA,LRECL>ni.BLK9IIE*tS96) 00000120
IEF65)! SUBSTITUTION JCL - SYSOUT>A,OCb«(RFCFN«FBA,LRECL>113,BLKSIIE>lf«6)
//CO.FTOIfOOl 00 03N>C«I>1002.ER70!,LOCDATA,OISP*3N8,
// UNI T>3Y3PV,V(1L»( PRIVATE. RITA I N,StR«AVC'U6)
//GO.FT11F001 DD UNIT«SYSDA,3PACM(CVL. 1),
//CO.FT12FOOI DD UNIT.3Y30A. SPACE «(CYL( 11 .
// DCB*tRECF><>FB,lRECL*80,BLKSIZE»«800)
//EO.FT11F001 DO D3N>L ANU3E .DISP»OLD.
// UNI T«SY3PV, VOL* (PRIVATE . RETA IN, 3ER«AIRHAP)
//OO.FTOSFOOI 00 •
//
IEF216I ALLOC. FOR ERTMACKL GO
IEF2I7I ?si ALLOCATFD TO PGHK.DD
IEPMTI OBI ALLOCATED TO FT06FOOI
IEFU7I 121 ALLOCATED TO MO«FOOI
IEP2J7I 250 ALLOCATED TO FTUPOOI
IEF»JTI 251 ALLOCATED TO FTi2Fooi
IET2JTI tot ALLOCATED TO FTUPOOI
IEP21TI 066 ALLOCATFD TO FTOSFOOI
Itri02I - STEP HAS EXECUTED • COND CODE 0000
IEF285I SYS70006.T002118.RVOOO. ERTMACKL, GOSET PASSED
IEP2BSI VOL SER N09> AC3001.
IEFIB5I CD6|002.ER701>LOGOATA KEPT
lEPtBSI VOL SER NOS« AVC016,
IEF285I SYS7001I6.T002I1B.RVOOO.ERTHACKL.R0000060 DELETED
IEP2B1I VOL SER NOS> AC3000.
IErj8!I SYS70006.T002I J8.RVOOO.ERTH«CKU.B0000061 DELETED
lEFtBSI VOL SER N03« ACSOOI.
1CP2BSI LANUSE KEPT
IEP2ISI VOL SER N03> AIRHAP.
IEPJ7JI STEP /GO / START 700«». 0006
IEP17HI STEP /GO / STOP 70006,0009 CPU 0»IN 10.088EC MAIN 1SOK LCS
IIPtBSI 8YS70006.T00211B.RyoOO. ERTMACKL. GOSET DELETED
lEPtBSI VUL StR NOSi ACBOOI.
IEP1751 JOB /ERTMACKL/ START 7oO«6.0007
IEPST6I JOB /ERTHACKL/ STOP 70006.0006 CPU 0»IN l*.«I8tC
Figure 34 LANTRAN Test Case 3 Printed Output
186
-------
BEGIN LAHO'UJE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 LEVEL 721220 RUN 1056
TABLf COUNT* 1«
19 1056
LAND«USE DATA ANALYSIS * TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 1721220)
IS PEB 1971
PARAMETERS
LANTRAN MODE I L»ND USE ALLOCATION
SCALE UNIT* I.OOOe 01 MFTFRS
GRID ORIGINI 578.000, 1520.000 UNITS
GRID DIMENSIONS! 5 CUL3(X) BY 1 CELLS(Y)
CELL DIMENSIONS(UNIT3)| l.OO(X) BY l.OOCY)
OUTPUT TAPE* II
MIN, RAO««2* 1,OOOE»01 UW1T9*«2
LAND.USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220)
15 Kt 1971
FIGURES
LtNTRtN MODE 1 TEST CASE •!
(UNIT 5)
FIGURE 1 TYPEl A
VERTEX
I
2
3
CENTROIO
FIGURE 2 TYPEl A
VEOTE*
1
2
1
1
CENTROID
FIGURE 1 TYPEl A
VERTEX
1
2
CFNTRfllD
FIGURE 1 TYPE I A
VERTEX
1
2
1
5
CEN'RniD
FIGURE 5 TYPEl P
VERTEX
I
IDl
x-ccmpo
581.BOO
582,500
582,500
58U800
I CO
Y-COORD
1522,000
1521.797
1521.000
1521.000
1522.000
AREA 3. RESIDENT,
582.052 1521.126 TOTAL AREA* 0.779
1 CUDEl R01 AKEA 85'RESIDENT
IDl
X»COORD
581,000
582,000
S81.600
581,000
581,000
Y. COORD
1520.500
1520.500
1520,000
1520,000
1S20.500
581.108 1520.270 TOTAL AREA* 0,100
1 CODEl Rll AREA 16-ISLAND RES
IDl
X.COORD
580,100
510,900
580,900
580,100
580,100
Y.CDORD
1521,500
1521,500
1520.898
1520.898
1521.500
580,500 1521.199 TOTAL AREA* 0,181
IDl 1 CJOEl R|| AREA 19.ISLAND RES
X.CHORD
581,100
581,800
581,100
581,100
581,100
581,163
IDl
X.COORD
580,700
Y-COORD
1522,297
1522,297
1521,598
1521,598
1522.297
1521.992 TOTAL AREA* 0,150
1 CUDEl III POINT 17-SCHODL /
Y-COORO
1521,098
Figure 34 Contd.
187
-------
LANO.U8E DATA ANALVSI8 I TRANSFORMATION PBOGBAU vEPOIOU |,1 U2I120)
15 fie 1970
fHMt
F I CURE
9 IQURt
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
f IGURE
t TYPEl
VI.TII
7 TVPf.1
VERTEX
1
6 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
9 TVPEl
VERTtI
1
10 TVPII
VERTfX
1
11 TYPEl
VFRTEX
1
12 TYPFl
VERTEX
1
2
1
i
b
13 TYPEl
VERTFX
1
VERTEX
1
15 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
19 IOS6 LAND-USE DATA
FIGURt
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
FIGURE
It TVPEl
VFRTE X
1
3
0
s
CFNTR01D
17 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
u
5
CENTROID
16 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
19 TYPEl
VERTEX
1
2
3
1
CENTROID
20 TVPEl
VERTEX
1
i
1
0
5
CENTHOIO
Jl TVPEl
VERTEX
P 101
H.COOPO
581,100
P IDl
X«COORD
561,000
P IDl
I. COORD
561 ,100
P 101
X.COOND
560,100
P IDl
x.cnoRO
561,200
P 101
5M.OOO
• IDl
X-CUORO
591,000
561,500
561,500
561,000
581 ,000
561,250
P 101
X'COHHO
561,000
X-COORO
561.000
P IDl
x-cuimo
561.600
ANALYSIS » T
A 101
X.COORO
S79.500
579. SOO
579.000
579,000
579,236
A IDl
x-canRD
560,000
560.500
560.500
560,000
560,000
560.250
P 101
X. COORD
579,500
A 101
K.COORD
581,500
562.000
562,000
561,500
561,500
981.790
A IDl
KoCODRD
580.900
581,500
581,500
580,500
960,900
581,000
A 101
xocaooo
580.900
581,000
381,000
i eooei 111
V.COORO
1 CODEI 112
VoCOORD
1521.096
1 CODEl Mi
YoCOORD
1521,096
i conei cu
V.COORD
0521.096
CODEI CM
Y»COOBO
1522.199
C3DEI CU
Y-caoRO
CODEI CI2
v-cnn»D
1521.000
1521,000
1520,500
1521^000
CUDFl C12
y>cnn»o
1520,797
CODEI R11
v-cnoRO
1520,797
caoti RII
Y.COORO
1522.998
HANSFnR^ATIdN PROGRAM
CODII C3I
Y-COdRO
1521,0911
0520,500
05211,500
1521,297
0520.616 TPTAL AREAa
C3DEI C31
YoCDHRO
0520,797
0520.797
1520.000
1520,000
1520,797
CODEI C3I
VoCOORD
0521,000
1 C3DEI C21
V-COORD
0523.000
0523,000
1522,500
0522,900
0525,000
0922. 7SO TOTAL AREA.
COOEl 902
VoCOORD
0525.000
0523.000
0522.500
0922.900
0521,000
1522.750 TOTAL HSIAO
CODE I 309
V°COOP.D
05Z0.797
1910.797
0510,000
POINT SO-tCHOOL /
POIM? 1J5.8CNOOL
POIR7 IO«o8tHOOL /
POINT 18>euOINC83
POIUT 91-8U8INes3
POINT I«2 NEIGH
AH(A IOJ.BU3INE8S /
0,250
POINT 130-6U9INE38 /
POINT 136"IR-2 /
//POINT// IR«2/
VERSION 1,1 (721220) 15 F£9 1970 PIGf U
AREA 37-BU3INE18
0,309
AREA IB-BUSINESS
POINT IQloQERRVS
AREA 20oHOTEL HBV
6.990
AOEi 0>08TK8UTN
0.300
AS5» 30=»f8EA8CH
Figure 34 Contd.
188
-------
1056
LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (72U20)
ts rin
PASf
11
5
CENTROID
FIGURF 22 TYPU
VERTEX
1
2
}
11
5
CfNTROIO
FIGURE 25 TYPEl
VFPTF. »
1
2
1
u
5
CFNTPfllO
FIGURt 21 TYPEl
VFHTfx
1
?
1
11
S
CENTP.HID
UliURt 25 TYPU
VFHTFX
1
S
J
11
5
h
CFNTpnlD
KIUURt ?6 TV»tl
VFHTt K
1
1 1 !OSh LAND-U3F DATA
5S0.500
sto.soo
580.750
A IDl
H.COOPD
57«,500
5AO.OOO
5BO,000
57«,500
571.500
579.750
A IDl
»-Ci)ii«u
581.500
582. ->00
S82.000
sni.soo
581,500
58l.flH9
A I III
y.rnnwo
^•"j.rno
sun ,noo
sno.ooo
570,000
570,000
570, SOO
A IDl
X-CM'lBD
570, (.on
590.500
5A0.500
570.000
57". 51)0
570.600
579. 5U9
P IDl
i.cun»o
578.500
ANALYSIS t
11520,000
m?o,7«T
u?20.)«8 TOTAL A»!A. O.XB
CODtl 171 AHIA H2-CU1.TURE CTR
Y^COORD
U520.00S
asjn.808
U520.500
U520.500
U520.898
a520.60« TOTAL A«FA» 0,109
1 ' C30tl 190 ARE> 96-JPCIAL USE
"•cnnio
1521,000
1521 ,000
U5J0.500
U520.500
11521 ,000
U520.777 TOTAL APEA. O.JT5
CIDCl TIO APfA 7.TKAN3 CTP
v-cnnQD
15^0.500
"520,500
U5?o.no"
15?0 ,000
15^11,500
15^0.250 TOTAL APfA« 0,500
CHnEl T20 APfA 1-AIRPnPT
v-ronpD
1525,000
1521.000
1522,500
"5?l,500
«5i>2.000
152^.000
15??.1U8 TOTAL AHEA. l.57-5
CJDtl TJO POINT Ul'SPCIAL USE
Y.dinPD
1520.500
ro»X3FnB>«ATIHH PROGRAM VCPSION 1.1 (721220) IS fEH 197u PAGF 6
FIGURE 27 TVPEl P IDl
C3DEI S3595 PDINT 201. INOUST
Vf»TF< K.CtUlKD Y-CilORO
I SH2.500 1522,500
FIGUPl 28 TYPfl " ID|
CODF.I 32011 POINT 271 INDU3T
vFPTti ir»tL)uwo Y-rnnpo
| 582,100 15??,(ii)0
FIGURE 29 TYPH P IDl
S20UI POINT 2711 INOUST
HTM K.CODHD Y-CnilOD
1 S82.SOO 1522,690
FIGURE 10 TYPtl P IDl
C30E1 S2011 PRINT 121 INDUST
VFPTFK X-COOP.O Y-CDDRD
1 582,100 1522,699
FIGURE SI TYPtI f in,
CODEl S1585 POINT 278 / INDUST
VFBTEX X.CnOPD Y-COC1RD
t SBP.IOO 1522,198
FIGURE 12 TYPfl P IDl
COOEl S1585 POINT »7« / INOUST
VEPTE< K-CULIRD Y-COOPO
1 582,100 1522,898
FIGURE 11 TYPEl ' IDl
COOEl S1585 POINT 111 / INDIIST
VERTEX >>CUORD Y-COD10
1 582.200 1522,898
•*•• ENO OF FILE, TAPE 11 ••••
Figure 34 Contd.
189
-------
l« 1096 LAND-UH DATA ANALYaia t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220)
VALUES LANTRAN MODE 1 TEST CAIf •} (UNIT 9)
is Hi I»TO
PA8E
VALUES SPECIFIED FOR FIGURES-
FIGURE KFORN KLINK
KflCODC
XFACTR
10
11
12
11
10
19
16
17
ia
11
20
21
22
23
20
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
J2
13
.500E
.Soot
.400E
,'OOE
,OOOE
.OOOE
,OOOE
.900E
.900E
,900E
,
-------
19 lOSt LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220) 19 FEB 1*T« UK <>
319
Sit
19 1056
3J5B5
920111
LAND-USE DATA
1NOU3T
27.500
INDU3T
27.500
«0, 000
10.000
ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
1,000
1,000
VERSION
0.0 0,0
0,0 0,0
1,1 (T21220) 15 FEB 19711
PAGf 10
VALUES LAND USES—RESIDENTIAL (UNIT 5)
VALU13 SPECIFIED FOR FIGURIS--
FIGURE ROI «n
f 1056 LtND-u3t D»T» 04H.V3I9 I TIUNSFORfHTtl)N PROCRA" VERSION 1,1 (721220) 15 FER 19711 PICE 11
L«NP USE OPE9»TII)«iS (UNIT f>)
Cn»PUT«TION3 PE»Fn«HED HY RHUTINE 5
••••9UBRUUTINE COUP
IFVIN IFVOUT UNIT JUNIT
0 0 12 II
00" no* DFPRHT IFI1R"
0,0 0.0 0.0 0
NAH
R01 Rll
CONST
1,000
-------
I* 101*
L»NO»USE D»T» ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PR08«»H VERSION I.I (711220)
(UNIT 5)
IS fit I»T«
15
NON-UfSIOINTUL LAND USES
COMPUTATIONS PERFORMED SI ROUTINE
••••SUBROUTINE CONP
IFVIN IFVOUT
0 0
DON DDA
0.0 0.0
NAM
SB9
CONST
1,000 7,000
IPUNCH
T
UNIT
12
DPPRHT
o.o
302
0.0
PLAND
F
JUNIT
11
IFORM
0
C2I Cll
0.0 0.0
SEASON
ANNUAL
m
0,0
0.0
••••SUBROUTINE COHPS
14 1056 LAND-USE, DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROCRAM VERSION
1,1 (721220)
IS
|97«
PAGE 16
••••RFcnoE
IREF
i
11
9
10
12
16
17
CODE
Oil
Rll
Cll
CM
C12
Cll
Cll
KfOBM
1»
19
1«
19
19
19
19
KUCODE
ID
11
11
II
1)
IB
16
1REKKRCODE) «R«(IRCP)
H,B|279[-01
a,10t>9E>OI
0.0
0,0
i,IOOOOE*01
j.anmt.oi
7,«7070f-01
,BliT9F>01
,«9609(.OI
,0
.0
,SOOOOE>01
,0»»JSI.01
,9«a]SE-OI
ACTIVITY ARIA V
ROI 7,790E>01
ROI
Cll
Cll
Cil
ill
SI9
171
190
TIO
T?0
S35B5
S200I
S20U1
aisBt
S3S85
,0001-01
.Uit.f-01
,98«t-OI
.500E-OI
.OOOC-01
.4««E.OI
,9giP.O|
.TSOC'Ol
,OOOE-Ot
,S75F 00
,OS2F>02
LUC
.000* 00
.OOOE 00
.OOOF 00
.0001 00
.0001 00
,0001 00
.OOOE 00
.0001 00
.OOOE 00
.OOOt 00
.OOOE 00
,052l>02
,0!2E-02 ll,0^2t>02
,OS2E>02 D,OS2E>02
,OS2E>02 U,Q12t>02
,OS2E>02 «,0!2F-02
FIGURE
1
2
Ik
17
19
20
21
72
21
21
25
27
2B
29
It
12
FIGURE
AREA
7.790E-OI
U.OOOE-OI
u.eiJE-01
A|
10.00
10.00
SO.00
50,00
1,50
1,50
2.SO
2.10
POPULATION
6.72BE 01
1.US5E 0]
l.«»?E OH
1.079E 0«
OENSITr
B.61TE 01
B.6I7E 05
l.OISE 00
J.oiil oa
AREA
B.109E>OI
B.J09E.01
B.109F-01
7.790E.OI
A2
0,50
0.50
O.bO
1.50
Al
50.000
50,000
SO,000
10,000
A22 XFACTH SCHOOL CHILDREN
0,4500
0,1100
0,2000
0,2000
0,5000 l,15«E 01
0,5000 1.IHI 01
0.0 I.025C 01
0,0 S.7TOE 02
DENSITY ARftdREF)
I.me 01 i.OOOE oo
I.151E 01 |.OOOF 00
l.OtSF 01 |.OOOF Hit
S.767F n> l.OOOF 00
19 |056 LtND.USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORHATIUN PRDGRtN VIRdON 1,1 (T21220) IS FED 1971
PAGE |7
NON.RESIDENTIAL LAND USEI (CONT.)
COMPUTATIONS PERFORHED BY ROUTINE
(UNIT 5!
• •••SUBROUTINE; COUP
irVIN IFVOUT UNIT
0 0 11
DDN DDA DPPRHT
0,0 0,0 0,0
NAM
S 190 T20
CONST
10.000 1.000 0.0
IPUNCH PLAND
T F
JUNIT
11
I FORM
0
0.0 0,0
SEASON
ANNUAL
••••SUBROUTINE COMPJ
0,0
0.0
Figure 34 Contd.
1Q2
-------
19 lOSt LAND>U3E DAT* ANALYSIS I TRANSFrlRnAIIUN PROGHAN VERSION 1,1 (721220) 15 FIB I97«
ALLOCATION NODE t LAND USE ALLOCATION
(UNIT
5)
FIGURES ALLOCATED TO GRID BY NODE t
VARIABLE NA«E(S)I POP
FIGURE TYPE IX • IV
1 t
It I
5 1
TOT»L>
2 1
a 1
TOTALS
1 l
1 1
\ 1
TOTALS
u A
ti '?
U 3
TOTALS
S P
i 2
TOTALS
h 0
II 4
TOTALS
7 P
a i
TDHLS
B P
TOTALS
9 P
? 2
19 |OS6 LANO-USF DATA ANALYSIS
TOTALS
to p
u 3
TOTALS
11 P
! 1
a 1
TOTALS
\f 1
U 1
TOTALS
11 P
3 1
U 1
TOTALS
10 P
) 1
U 1
TOTALS
IS p
u !
TOTALS
16 A
2 1
2 2
TOTALS
17 A
] 1
TOTALS
ie p
2 1
2 I
TOTAL8
19 A
« 1
TOTAL*
SCHOOLS
EITFUT
T.790E-01
0.1011
0,4307
1.0000
O.OOOf.OI
0,<100fl
1.0000
il.8rjF.OI
0.081)
o.aooo
1.0000
!.«•".{. 01
0.1670
O.IBJI,
1 .0000
i.oniF no
l.onot no
1 . o n o n
; . "^n» no
l.onnf nn
1 .nnni
i.onof on
i.onoE no
1 .ooon
I.OOOF on
i .onoo
l.onoE no
R01
PGP
B.617E
?.97«E
J.TJSf
6.72SE
H.637E
J,«5^E
J,«5SE
3.065t
J.507E
I.23UE
I.OB5E
3.08SF.
^.1%21
5.633E
i.or«E
0.0
0.0
0.0
n .0
n.o
n.o
0,0
o.n
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
01
01
0)
03
01
01
01
00
01
0*
on
01
03
0)
nu
i.onnt no n.n
i TeANSM)B"AT JON PKOGHAW
1 .onon
i.ooof no
I.OOOE 00
1 .0000
l.OOOF 00
s.oooF.ni
s.nnof.oi
i , onon
2,!onF.ni
o,25on
1 .0000
I.OOOE 00
i.OOOf .01
S.OOOE'Ol
1 ,onnn
I.OOOE 00
S.OOOF'OI
b.OOOf-01
1,0000
I.OOOE 00
i.onot: oo
1,0000
3.KK6F.01
o.tson
0,09*1,
1,0000
4.9dllE.01
0,3«««
1,0000
I.OOOt 00
S.OOOf.Ol
5, 000!. 01
1,0000
2.SOOE-OI
0.2500
1,0000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
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0,0
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SCHOOLS
0,0
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Figure 34 Contd.
193
-------
n io<* LANO-USE DATA ANALTltt i TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220) is 'It i'T«
PAGE 20
l» 1056
l» 1016
i« 1056
l» 1056
20 t 9.000F-01 OiO
I I 0,2500 0.0
II ) 0.2100 0.0
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21 t 3,«B«F.OI 0,0
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25 A I. 5751 00 0,0
1 2 0,1250 0,0
2 I O.IS75 0,0
1 1 O.III7 0,0
2 i 0,8156 0,0
] S 0.13J3 0,0
TOTALS 1,0000 0,0
et p I.ooor no 0,0
1 1 l.flOOC 00 0.0
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it t i.ooor oo o.o
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LAND-US! DAT* ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
11 P I.OOOC 00 0.0
s j i.ooor oo 0,0
TOTALS 1,0000 0,0
12 P l.OOOE 00 0,0
5 1 I.OOOC 00 0,0
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LAUD-USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
GRID LISTING H\« VARIABLE POP 1
1250
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 St!2,»2
2 0,0 0,0 12539.81 (I2S.T2
1 0,0 0,0 2506, 5J )a*il,61
LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
GRID LISTING FOR VARIASLi SCHOOLS 1
1 2 1 a
I 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
2 0.0 0,0 1151,3* >T5I,15
1 0.0 0,0 0,0 0,0
LANO-USI DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
GRID LI9TINI FOR VARIASLf R01 1
i < S a
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2 0.0 0,0 O.«0 0.51
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PAGE PI
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PAGF it
PAGE 21
Figure 34 Cpntd.
194
-------
|9 1056 LANO»USF. DATA ANALV3I9 1 TRANSFORMATION PBOGRAK VERSION 1,1 (721220)
15 FIB 1970
• AG( 2!
GRID LISTING FOB VARIABLE 3
1 2
3 0,11 0.82
2 0.13 0,29
1 0,0 0.9S
19 io5i> LAND«USI DATA' ANALYSIS t TUA
3 u
0,58 0,50
0,0 0,0
0,80 0,25
NSFOBMATION PROGRAM
pnp i
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VERSION 1,1 (721220) 15 FER I97U PAGE 2h
• III!
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19 1056
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9 0
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15 FEB I97« PAGE 27
GBIO Pint FOB VARIABLE SCHOOLS I
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Figure 34 Contd.
195
-------
II Itlld LANO.Uir 0»T» ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION P«OORA« VERSION 1,1 (721220)
l»7u
PAGE it
GRID PLOT FOR VARIABLE R01 1
1 2 1 « 5
> ..... 3
• ••««
i !!!!!•—• i
1 2 1 II 5
LCvtL DESIGNATIONS, ,,
1 2 3 u S 6 7 •
CfLL COUNTI 91500000
VALUEl 0,0 O.Ot 1,9] O.n 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
HA XI MUM 1 0,00 0,15 1,00 10,00 SO, 00 100,00 1000,00 1000,00
MJNINUMI o.OO 0.15 1,00 10,00 50,00 100,00 1000.00
|9 |05k LANO.USf DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGAAH VERSION I, I (721220)
GRID PLOT POR VARIABLE 1 1
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LEVEL DESIGNATIONS,.,
1 2 3 II 5 t. 7 «
CELL COUNTI OStOOOOO
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MAXIMUM! 0,00 0,15 1.00 10.00 SO. 00 100.00 1000,00 1000,00
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|9 1056 LANO-USt DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220)
9 10
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15 Fta I97U PAGE 10
•RITE L*NO usts TO UNIT u
(UNIT 5)
END OF PROORAN,
GRID VALUES POR POP .SCHOOLS ,ROI ,t ,
OUTPUT TO TAPE I) 9CBINNINQ SBOUtNCE NUB8IR 105*0010
Figure 34 Contd.
196
-------
2.5.4 Test Case 4: Mode 2, Allocating
This test case is provided to supply a demonstration of how the Mode 2
allocation could have been used. The test case is not part of the system
runs to evaluate the Hackensack Meadowlands air quality.
Job Control Language
The datasets used are:
FT09, the run log accounting file.
FT11 is a temporary dataset used to hold the figures.
FT12 is a dataset which was provided for temporary storage.
Keyword Package Imput
The PARAMETERS package defines the grid to be identical with the grid
definition used throughout the test cases. The number of levels is set to
6, and the levels are respecified.
The FIGURES is the figures for the test case land use.
The VALUES are the values used in the Model 1 emissions calculations.
A VALUES is provided to establish the variable WATER. This will be
used for an associated value for Mode 2 allocation. Values are provided for
figures 1, 3, 12, and 20.
The ALLOCATION specifies Mode 2 allocation, see Section 2.1.1 and Sec-
tion 2.2.7. N2 is specified equal to 1; only the selected figures will be
allocated. The next card is used to specify the associated variable WATER.
Finally, the list of figures to be allocated is given. Figures 3, 12, and
20 are to be allocated. No other figure will be considered in this allocation.
197
-------
The output on Page 9 indicates that the figures 3, 12, and 20 have been
allocated and gives the values for the three variables being allocated,
KLINK, KFORM, and KRCODE.
The resulting grid values are LISTed and PLOTted for the three variables.
This output is on Pages 10 through 15. The run has demonstrated how associated
allocation can be done and is terminated with and ENDJOB.
198
-------
//ERTMACKK JOB (99201040000,EHT-, 101,"-.««EEF€,III..........lit 10).»>,>
// H9GltVCI.il
/•PAIM9 COP1E9«01
// EXEC FORTHLG.PA.DH.LICEOi'L.CT.NAP.LMl
//LKEO.tmiN 00 •
CHANCE INPUT(REAOEB)
INCLUDE ERT( INPUT, INE, HE ADB,FRR»,SFOXO,TF«Rt
INCLUDE l»N(CO«P,INAC.OUT9,PLANIN,PER!H,ALLOCF,A9fG)
/.
//LKEO.tRT 00 DgN«tRTtilO.P9990000.eRTLI9,OI3PP9Mt
IN DD D9N>LANT*AN,r>I9P>OLn>
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//OO.FTIIPOOI DD UNIT»8Y90A,9P»CF. fC»L. 1 1 . i
//GO.FTtlFOOl DD U»IT«SY90A ,8PACFi (CYL , I),
// DCi*(>ECFHpFB,LRECl«BO,BI.K9IZF«0800)
//OO.FT05FOOI 00 •
PARA«FTFR9 CANTRAN MODE 2 ALLOCATION BY A99ncl'TIo|l
(INPUT
NX«1,NY«I,ORIC1N»1T8. 0,0520.0.
NLtV«6, LtV«, 000 1,10., 11., 110., 55., 70.,
(END
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LIST
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Figure 35 Contd.
200
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BEGIN UNO-UH o«T< »N»LY»I> i mNSFORH»Tir)N Moan** VIRIION 1.1 Ltvii. T»il20 nun io««
COUNT! J»
i« iota L»NO»ust B»T» tNtLvsi* i mNjpoRfTioN PRQCMN VERSION t.t (T?I220) 12 ris
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14 lOim IANO»U«F DATA ANALYSIS «
F1SURH LANTRAN NODE 2 Tt)T
FISIIRE 1 TYPE! t IDI
VERTEX X.CQO'O
1 1)1,100
? 1)1,100
3 1)2,500
a 581.500
5 5«.i.)oo
CfNTBOIO 1)2,012
FIGURE 2 TYPEl A IDI
vrnTcv x>ennRO
1 1)1,000
2 1)2,000
1 9)1,600
a 111.000
1 1)1,000
cfMTunio DI, ao)
PISURt 1 TVPtt A 101
VF.RH* X.CntlRO
5)0,100
180, «00
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VERTEX XiCOORD
1 160. TOO
TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721?21) 12 Ftft 11?a PtGF 2
CtSt (UNIT 5)
1 C3DII P01 Alt! J.PtSID'NT,
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Mil. 000
0122.000
0521. 0*6 TOTAL AREA! O.TT*
1 C30EI R01 AREA )!>R(IIDCNT
0520,500
0120,500
0120,010
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0120,500
0120, !TO TOTAL AR(A« 0.1100
1 COHEl P|l AREA 04. ISLAND HtS
0521,100
0121.500
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1 C3DCI Rll AREA Ht.HI.tNO »H
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Y.COOH8
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Figure 36 Contd.
• 202
-------
I' 1000 LAND.U9I DITA ANAI.VS1J I TPANi'DP^TION PP.OKA" vIMION 1,1 (TII220!
MDUPI > TYPCI • IDI I CODtl III POINT fOilCMOm. /
\l PIR I«TO
PAGE I
I 581.100 «S2I,6'«
FJiJUPF 7 TYPH P tni I CIDtl lit P01KT
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VPPTEV K«CnnBO V*COOPD
I 5*1,000 0521,09*
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VERTEX H-cnnBD Y*cinpo
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0521.000
CFNTonJI SH1.2SO 05*0.750 TOTAL »PtA« 0.250
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s 5*n,noo
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1 5'9,500
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1
2
I
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Cr^TPOID 581,750
PK.UPF. 20 TYPFl A 101
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I 580.100
2 591,500
I 5*1,100
0 5*0,100
1 1*0,500
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flGUPC 21 TVPEl A 101
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I 190,100
2 191,000
i 191,000
0,198
I»T HI-*E»»Y*
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0120,797
0120.000
0520.000
0520,797
0520.199 TOTAL AP.EA
CODEl Cll
Y.COOPH
0521,000
I C3DEI C2I
Y-COOPO
0121,000
0521,000
0122,100
0522,500
0521.000
0522.750 TOTAL »PFAp 0.110
C3DFI 9H2 APO 0*D9TR.MUTN
Y-COOPO
0123.000
OS21.000 <
0522.500
Ollt.500
0121.000
0122.'10 TOTAL APtA« 0.500
CaOl I 1*9 APIA !0«*E9OPCH
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0510.7«7
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•110,000
Figure 36 Contd.
203
-------
LAHO-ull DATA ANAL.YII8 > TRANjPotxATlON PKOSHAM VIRIION 1.1 (711220) II 'II 1974
a 180,100 "520.000
1 111,100 4120.79T
180,710 4520.1*8 TOTAL ARtAi »,!««
PIGURI 11 TYUl A IDl eOOlI 171 APIA «|«CULfUM CTO
VERTEX X.COORO V.COORO
1 179,500 4120,898
2 180,000 4120.1*1
1 180.000 4120.100
a 179,100 "520.100
1 !7«.100 4120.848
CCxTROID IT*.710 "121,*»9 TOTAL ARPAl 0.1*9
FIGURE 23 TYPII A IDt 1 C JOE I 190 AREA 98*S'CIAL USE
VERTEX X.COC100 v.r-inRO
I 181,100 4121,000
2 182,100 4121,000
4 !M. 5no ui?o.ioo
1 181,100 "121,000
CENTR010 1»1,M9 4120,777 TOTAL ARPA« 0.175
FIGURE 24 11*11 A IDl C3DCI TIO APIA 1-TRAN3 CIB
VERTPX x.C'JORO V.COW
1 1T9.000 4120,100
2 180,000 4120,100
1 180.000 4120,000
u 179.000 4120.000
1 179.000 4120.100
CPNTBOin 179.100 "120.2SO TOTAL AREA* 0,100
FIGUBt 21 TVPPl A 101 CntlEl T?0 A»EA 1.AIRPORT
VPBTEX M.COOBD ¥«rOORD
1 S79.600 "121.000
2 1R0.100 «1?1.000
^ Sftfl.SOO "122.110
4 179.000 "521.100
1 578,1)00 "122.000
b 179,*i(in "121.000
CE1TBOID 17*.149 41?>.148 TOTAL ARIA* I.IT!
FIGURE 26 T»»Pl P IH| CDntl TIO POI"T I11.5PCIAL USP
VFBTM ».crii>»n v.cnnBO
1 1TH.100 4520.500
19 1044 LANn«USt DATA ANALV9I3 ft TBAMBFOBHATinN PROGRAM VPR8ION 1,1 (72122R)
PIGURt 27 TVPEl P IDl COnPl Hill POINT 201 INOUIT
VEBTFX x.cnnRn Y.COORD
1 1K2.SOO "122.100
FIGURE 28 T'PFl ' I'll C3DEI 82041 POINT 171 INOUI7
vfRTEX ».COORD Y.COORO
I 182,100 4122,»««
FIGURE 29 TVPFl P IDI C3BEI 32041 PUINT 174 INDU87
VERTEX X*COHRO V*COORO
1 5S2.100 4122,699
FIGURE 10 TVPFl P 101 C3Dtl 320"! POINT IIS INDU8T
VFBtfX I.COORD Y.COORD
I 181,400 4122,699
FIGURE II TYPEl P 101 CSDEl 81111 POINT 178 / INOUIT
VERTEX X»CUO>4D V-COORD
I 582,100 4122,898
FIGURE 11 TYPEl P IDI CODII 11181 POINT 279 / INOUIT
VEBTEX I.COORD V.COORO
I 181,100 4111.191
PIOUP.E SI TYPII P IDl C3DCI SJ1I1 POINT 114 / INDU8T
VP.RTIV XaCOQRD Y*COORD
1 181,100 4(22.1*1
•«•• END OF PILE, TAPl |1 ••«•
Figure 36 Contd.
204
-------
VALUES SPECIFIED FOR MQu»e«.«
FIGURE KPORM
1
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12 FEU 1»7« PAGE •
VALUES SPECIFIED FOK FIGIJBE9-.
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19 \fittu
ALLOCATION
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12 F£" 197U PAGE 12
GRID LISTING FOR VARIA8LE KRCOSf
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0,0 0,0 0,0
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Figure 36 Contd.
-------
Ltio.uif. O>TI
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Figure 36 Contd.
206
-------
2.5.5 Test Case 5: Mode 3 Allocation
This LANTRAN test case demonstrates the use of a Mode 3 allocation.
This allocation is used to create gridded air quality data from the con-
centration values calculated by MARTIK.
Job Control Language
The test run requires the following datasets:
FT11 is the temporary dataset where the figures are held.
FT12 is the VALUES package created by the MARTIK test case #2. This
package holds the concentration of CO and NOX due to the background sources
and the land use emissions.
FT13 is a dataset which will hold the GRID package which LANTRAN will
create from the MARTIK created VALUES package.
Keyword Package Input
The first package input is a PARAMETERS package. The output unit
JC=13, and the grid is defined by:
NX=5, NY=3, ORIGIN=578., 4520.. (The SCALE unit remains the default
of 1 km.)
Finally, HEADR=.FALSE.. This means that LANTRAN will create GRID
packages on output, rather than the default of SRCE packages. HEADR should
be .TRUE, whenever emissions sources are being created. This will result
in the creation of SRCE packages which can be read by MARTIK. The default
is .TRUE, so all of the previous LANTRAN runs, which created emissions
information, created SRCE packages. This run is meant to create a GRID
package for use in IMPACT. For this purpose, HEADR must be .FALSE, to
suppress the SRCE card in front of the GRID card. LANTRAN will now be
creating GRID packages.
After setting the PARAMETERS the POINTS are input. The POINTS package
is described in Section 2.2.3. This POINTS package is identical to the
POINTS package used in the MARTIK run to specify the receptor locations.
The purpose in inputting it into LANTRAN is to tell LANTRAN the locations
for which the MARTIK VALUES were calculated. The POINTS must be the same.
207
-------
Having input the locations of the points where values were calculated,
the VALUES package containing the values is input. The input card specifies
that the VALUES package will be found on FT12. FT12 contains the VALUES
package containing the total air quality calculated in the MARTIK test
case #2. This card image dataset is read in from FT12. Page 3 of the output
tabulates the values that have been input.
The values are then allocated by Mode 3, interpolation. See Section
2.1.1 for a description of allocation modes. After the values have been
calculated, by interpolation from the six points specified, they LISTed
and PLOTted. Pages 5 through 8 gives the resulting lists and plots.
The values have now been placed in a "gridded" form. There is an inter-
polated value for each grid cell. These values have been interpolated from
the six points where MARTIK calculated values.
The gridded air quality data is OUTPUT in a GRID format. OUTPUT specifies
that CO and NOX are to be output. JC=13 so the output file is FT13.
Because HEADR=.FALSE. this package is in GRID format. It is intended for
IMPACT and must be in GRID format. No units conversions have been made;
CO and NOX entered LANTRAN and have been OUTPUT by LANTRAN in ppm and ug/m3,
respectively.
The job is ended by an ENDJOB card.
208
-------
*. f
//EPTMACKJ jne (s§?o*«uono(i,E«T—,te>t,»- , MPCEEFE, Ji«---- ™.-,«MO>,XX,X
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// UNlT"«rSPV,vOL«(P»IV»TF,PETMN,SBP«ivCOI»>
//CO.FTIIFOOI DO UNIT.SYSD»,«»»CEii(C»L.l).
//CO.FTl J'101 00 OS>J«»OU»L.DUP«0|.D.
// JNIT»»YSPV,vnL«(POIV«Tf , »ET»IN,tE»"»IPM»p)
//cn.FTUFnoi no OSN.INTEPP.OISP^DLO,
// UNIT«.lYSPV,Kfll»(P»IVATF.RETlI1,8tP«»IBM»p)
//•OO.FTO'iFOOl no •
P«q«MFTE°S >r)OE ] «I» QUtLITY «LLnC«TION
IINPIIT
JC«M. HEtOP'.FILai.,
NX«^,NY«J,0»10I>J«17«.I1,U3?0.0,
(END
PIJIXTJ HIPTIK RECEPTOR GRID
I 578.5 USjn.5
? 5'6.5 USJJ.5
1 SS0.5 "SJO.1!
a J»o.5 «st;.i
S 582.5 15?0,f
6 S82.5 a5»,5
Q4Q4Q
vtLUFS I? TOT1L «IR OU»lITV
«LLDC»TtnN Hflnf 5 JLLOCAJION (INTERPOLATION)'
"001 1 CO NDX
LIST CO NOX
PLHT ico unx
gqqqq
nilTPIIT INTFRPOLATEO »IR QUALITY
CO NOX
QQQQ4
FNOJflR
/.EOF
Figure 37 LANTRAN Test Case 5, Deck Setup
209
-------
//ER'TtSTJ JOB (J«i002a«000,£»T..,lol,.«,KKtEFI,2l»»— — — ,«»IO),»»,X JOB »2S
// »3GLEVEL»l
CDPIE3IOO
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XX Pint PR«t
xXLKfO EXSC PC>liilEKL.P»'"t»1iJ«l50K
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IEFt.51! SuS3T|T,:Tin-. JCL • SY3DuT«i,OC8«(L«ei«l«! .BLKSIZt'HTJ).
XX SP>CEX|]73i(2u,.1«E«S«5I .OnuflLf P.OI3P«SH»
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IEFJ37I OBI H^OCiTfD TO 3YSPRINT
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00000070
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00000100
4BK LCS OK
00001)110
00000120
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IEF7B5I du StB »
-------
BEGIN UNO-U8E 0*T» ANALYSIS I TMNirORNiTION MOMtN VIHIIOM |,| LCVIt. T1I1JO RUN 1011
T*«U COUNT" ««
l» |0»« L1ND>U8C DAT* ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION RROORAN VtMION 1,1 (TIIII9) I* »M I«T<
PARAMETERS
NODE i »i« OUA.UTV >kLoc*riON
SCALE UNIT* I.OOOF 0> NITERS
GOIO ORIGINi 571,000, «!JO,000 UNITS
0010 01»CNSIONS| 5 CfU9(K> IV 1 CtUI(T)
ClU OI»|NSIONS(U».IT3>| l.00(«) «V I.OO(Y)
IIMTPUT TA»E« II
«I», »D**i> I.OOOE'OU UNITS**}
-USI 0«T» »N*LY3I3 i TR.Njro»H.TION PDOedtH vtHIUClN 1,1
»»»TI« BKEPTOR GRID
(UNIT 5)
••• fwn [IF t lit t
ir-conno Y.tnnKD
S7B.50 «520,5(l
S71.SO U5JJ.50
SHO.'JO «5?0,50
SB?. SO
S8P.50
«S?0,SO
«S?2,SO
o»ii >-.»L'si3 i
1,1 (7?i;20>
P>GC
L«BEL«T(IT«L
OU«LITY
50JJ "»Te JJ
v«Liits SPFLIHHI FIIO
NYORnc,
1 'I.1SSF-02 2.17SF 00 0,0
! S.7URF-0? l,8J7f 00 0.0
( S.JbU-0? S,l?2t (10 0,0
a 1.271F»OI u,07uF 00 0.0
S fl,fl«?E«0? 6.100E 00 0,0
* U.SU6E-02 5.M1E 00 0,0
)*> |flS". LAND-i.'SF DATA ANALYSIS t TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
AlLUCATI'lN -ori' 1 ALLJCATini (INTFRPHL'TI
FIOMRFS ALldCATFO "1 GRIO «Y M^JDt 1
FII,I/«F TVUf E»TFNT
1 P I.OOOF 00
? P I.OOOE 00
CO
u,us;(.o2
5,7ujf .02
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
VERSION
N0«
2.U7SC 00
I.M7E 00
0,0 0,0
0,0 0.0
0,0 0,0
0,0 . 0,0
0,0 0,0
0.0 0,0
1,1 (721220) ?? APN I»7U PAGF 11
(UNIT b)
I.OOOE 00 5.)6]C>02 $,I?2C 00
I.OOOF 00 I.P7H-01 0.07111 00
I.OOOF oo «,HB2(-02 O.IOOF. oo
l.OOflf 00 U,5a6F-02 ^.Illf 00
L«"0-nSF DATA A-.ALYSI3 I TRANSF1R
PP()G«A» VERSION I.I (721220)
?2 »P» l»7u
)
f
\
r.Rin LISTING FOR V1RUBU CO 1
1 ? ] «
O.Od 0,08 0,13 0,08
o.od o,07 a. 01 0,09
O.OU 0,06 0,05 0,07
5
0,0!
0,07
0,0«
Figure 38 Contd.
211
-------
If lOSt L»"9-U«E D»TA ANALVSII t T»AN|PO*N*TION PR01RA" . VIMION I,I (Tilt10)
II APR I»T«
GRID PLOT POR VARIABLE CO I
12)09
5 . ,.i..«tt»«|HII«»«t« )
LEVEL OF3IG».ATinN3...
CELL COUNT
VALUE 1
MAXIMUHl
MINIMUM!
14 105*
1
I 2
0.09
r.05
LAND-
^
a
0.21
0.06
0.05
i
0
0.0
0.07
0.06
a
t
0.24
O.OB
0.07
5 6
0
0
0
I TRANSPORTATION
1
.«
.04
.OB
PROGRAN
(XXXX
1
0.04
0.04
0.04
VERSION
t
00000
00000
00000
onooo
0
0.0
n.io
0.04
1.1
t
•MM
•MM
•MM
•MM
0
0,0
11,11
0.10
(T2IZ20)
4
•MM
•MM
•MM
0
0.0
0.12
0.11
22
10
Hill
••III
Hill
HIM
1
0,1)
0,12
APR I97U PAGE t.
CHID LI3IIXG FOB VARIlBLC "OH
1
2
1
1 I
t.SO 1.2«
2.71 1,54
2.«» 1.82
1
0.07
o.ai
S.I2
11
1.54
u.BB
5.24
5
5.11
S.)T
6.10
VERSION I.I (721220) 22 APR 1970 PAGE •
(,»ID PLI'I FUR VORKBLF N'l«
inOD30M«M 1
.nnn3n»i>»»» 2
CFLL CO
VALUFi
HA XI Ml.M|
MINIMUM,
•*am»*iiii«Mllll i
I 2 1 u 5
LEVH DESIGKATinKS
1 2
1 2
l.8« 5.19
2.2(1 ?.71
2.2«
...
I
0
0.0
i.ie
2.71
11
2
6.87
1.6?
J.ie
5 t
1 t
1.82 8,118
0.07 4.52
1.6? «.07
7
nnotm
onnon
nnnnn
oonnn
2
9.08
a. 96
1,52
a
•••••
•MM
•**••
•MM
a
20.41
5.01
11,46
4
•MM
HIM
•MM
•MM
0
0.0
S.M
5,01
HIM
HIM
•MM
HIM
1
6.10
S.K5
14 IOSH
OUTPUT
•USE DATA ANALYSIS I 1
INTERPOLATED AIR BUALITY
VFR910N
(721220)
(UNIT 5)
22 APR 14711
END or
GRID VALUES FOB CO ,N0» >
OUTPUT TO TtPE II 1EGINNIN8 IfautNCC NUHHFR |05i0010
Figure 38 Contd.
212
-------
2.5.6 Test Case 6: Mode 4 Allocation
This test case has been included to demonstrate the Mode 4 allocation
procedure, even though this mode was not used in the Hackensack Meadowlands
study. The only output from this run will be the printout of the allocated
values. This might have been done in practice if the user has wanted to
see what the allocated values were; and not use these values in any later
runs.
Job Control Language .
I The datasets needed are much the same as in the Mode 3 allocation test
case.
FTo9 is the run log file.
FT11 is the internal dataset for holding figures.
; FT12 is the VALUES package created by MARTIK.
; Keyword Package Input
The PARAMETERS package establishes the same grid description that
has been used in all the other runs in other test cases. All other para-
meters remain at their default.
The POINTS package defining the location of the MARTIK points is readin.
These are the exact points for which MARTIK calculated values.
Another VALUES read unit 12. This contains the VALUES package created
by MARTIK. There are now values for each point where MARTIK calculated con-
centrations .
With values defined for each point, an ALLOCATION is begun. CO and NOX
are allocated with Mode 4. Each cell is given the concentration of the point
nearest its centroid. These values for grid cells are then LISTed and
PLOTed. The plot has N2 set to 2. This means that the plot uses the range
of values of the grid cells being plotted to determine the range for the
plot value intervals. Page 7 and 8 demonstrate the result.
No further use is being made of this information after it has been
listed and plotted for the user, so the run is terminated with an ENDJOB.
213
-------
//CRTHiCKt JOB (. U20JUOCII) 00, 1 0 T.., 1 0 1,— .MKffPt, 21 >»---------, Of, 10 ),««,»
// MSSLfvfLU
// CKFC 'n»TMLGiP«»«,LKtt1"'LtT.MlP(lUT',IIFSION,S3«H»K, TIME.GHit
//LKfD.SVSLIN OD •
CN«NGF I1PUT(RF.«DER)
INCLUDE E»TU»PUT.I»lC,HEir>R,I»»»,KONO.T»LOeiGT»ill.ICM«P.GPI OT)
CMtNGF IN'Uf («t»OH»
INCLUDE l>n(H»l'J,BLnC«,!N<,rfRlM,»LLflC',»8FG)
/•
//LKtO.F'T 00 nSU«FRTII(il(l.(>9990800.ei>TLIB,DISP«SH»
//L»ED.L>N DD OSk'UWTOi-JjOU'^OLD,
I N,5fB«
nr> ojN.cut.1 OO
//SO.FTltPOOt OC UNIT««V!IO»,SI>«CE«(CYLil)
//GO,fTI?FOOI 1C
, nn •
o»»*MtTf»J "Prtf u »LLnC«TION TEST
IINHIT
1END
»niNTS "»OT!P( "ECfPTOR GRID
i STS.S assn.s
J STB. 5 US??.*
5 580, b US?0.5
u SB0.5 uSJ?.!
s s»j.s osao.1!
» 5BZ.1 mjj.5
Q9999
v»Lut9 12 TOT»L «IR OIJ»LIT»
»LLOCiTI1N »nnf u »LLnC»Tln«l (PRD»IHlTy)
"out u en
LIST en
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99999
FNDJOR
/•tor
Figure 39 LANTRAN Test Case 6, Deck Setup
214
-------
//COTTBSTU JOB (86JOOZMOOO,E»T",IOI,— ,NKKre.ll».— ..... .,«6IO),XI,
// MSCLEVtL"!
•••PIRM3 COP!E3i«H,LKCD>lLET,>ltP,LI8Tl>IIEGION,Gail«8KiTINefGO>2
XX PROC P»«»
XXLKED EKCC PGH«IE»L,P«P-«»"»»P.L.ET,l.I5Tl,
xx oEGinmiooK
XX3Y3PRIUT 00 3»30uT«lPB,OCB«(L<>ECL«M21iBLK3HE«l57J),
IEF65JI 3UB9T1TUTIOH JCL - SY30UT««,DCB«(lReCL«l»lFBL.KSm»IS7J),
XX 3PACE«(I573, <2)
XXJYSLlB DO OS-.AME«3Y31.fOI)TLIB.OI«P«9MR
XX 00 D3NAHF.«3v3|,DOU8LEP>OI9P>3HR
XX9Y9UTI DD iiNIT«3»3DA,3PACE"(CYL, (2, 1 ) >
XX9Y9LKMD 00 D3N*IG03ET(FM»XM«1N),L»3V9D«,OI9P*(,P*99).
XX !P«CE«(C»L, ( IS, , I ))
//LKf 0.3Y3I.IN 00 •
//L«EO,fOI DO 03u»ERTil6|0,P'>9<>OOOO.ERTLIB.DI3P*9HR
//L*ED,L»I» DO D3MiL"JTOI~,DI3P«riLD.
// UN|T«9r3PV,vnt.«(>'RIV«Tt.SET»|l»,3E»«»III««P)
»LLf)C. rnn foTTEsru LKtu
o«l »LLOC«Tfo rn 9r3P«lNT
?56 «U.nC»TFn TO 3T31.IB
«LLUC»TFO TO
«ULnC»TFO Tn 3V3UI1
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»LLOC»TEn Tn 3Y3LIN
«LLi)C»TEn TB FU1
»LLllC»TEf> It) L'N
. 3TfP »1S EXECUTED - C.'INO CODE 0000
SV81.MIRTLIB «EPT
VOL SE« «ns« JCSIOI,
STSl.OnuBLFP KEPT
»UL 3e« MIS. «CSIO?.
SY370I l?,IO«OiH^.«VOOO,e»IIE9TU.I>Onnkoa8 DELfTEO
vnt SE« nns= icsooo.
9Y57«ll|i.I(lBOU!J.RVOOO.f.P.T7E9T«.r.nSET P433EO
VOU Sf» Nns» ACS001.
mT06lO.P9Q90000.EHTl IB KEPT
VI1L SF» Nli.Sa U3FHOO,
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TFF?flST vfH SE« N
IF.FS75I 31FP /L«(P
IF.F17UI s'fP /!«E(>
xxr.n E«EC pr,««
xxriOtifoni 1)0 SY3niiTBlP»,OCB»(uECFn»FEH,LBECL"l IJ,BL«917E"1S«61
I^F^S^I 9IIB9T|Turi!l« JCL - 3YSn'lT.«,DCB«(Rf CFM.rB«.LI!fCL"l ll.lll.ll5
//r.n.F TO*»F oo 1 nr) ns>.'»cu6ioo^,E«7oi ,inGruTA,oi3P»!Mef
// UN|T«.1VSPV,vni.«(POIV«TE.»f T>I«,9tM»«CIII61
//CI1.FII IK10I D!l liMIT»3Y30»,3P»CE«lCYl.,l).
X JOB t!6
ACCEPTED
00000010
X00000020
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//BO.FTOS'OOI 00 •
//
VATE,«ET»
UCC. Ml" EUTTESTU (..]
IFF2J71
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IFFM7I lc»l ALLIlCATfD Tn FTOVFftfll
TFF2J7I ,*sn ALLIICATEH T'.> ETiiEfloi
IFF2J7I IDS ALLIICATEn Tn ET12F001
IEF2J7I nh» ALinCATED Tn tTOSfOOl
TE.F1U2I - STEP »AS EXFCllTEO - CONO C"DE 0000
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-------
BtSIN HMO-USE DiTA »N«L»9I9 I TR»N9fORN»TION M06HAM VfHSIDH 1,1 LtVlL 711210 DUN IOM
TJ8LE COUNT* ««
IV IOS9 L»ND-U9E 0«T» »N«LV9I9 I TR«N8PDR«»TIOti PROORAN VEMION I.I (771220)
22 «PR t«7«
PIGt I
PARAMETERS MODE « ALLOCATION TUT
SCALE UNIT* I.OOOF 01 HCTEHI
GRIP ORIGIN] 578.000, 1320.000 UNITS
GRID DIMENSIONS! 5 CELLS(X) BY J CCLLl(V)
CELL D1MEN9ION9(UNITS)I I.OOO) BY I.OO(V)
OUTPUT TAPE" 0
19 1059
POINTS
FIC
.*•• £NF> OF
19 ins9
VALUES
19 |OS9
LAND-USE DATA ANALYSIS 1 TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION 1,1 (721220) 22 APR 197«
MARTIK RECEPTOR GRID (UNIT S)
iURE X-COORD Y-COOHO NAME
1 S7B.SO US20.SO
i -idolso »52o|iO
<" SB0.50 1S22.50
^» S82.SO U5i*O.SO
b SB2.50 *)S22,50
FIIE, TAPf M«A««
LAND-USE n»lA ANALYSIS ( 1 KANJFDB1A T ION PROGRAM VERSION 1.1 (721220) 22 APR 197U
TAPfl? LAHEL'TOTAl AIR QUALITY
MART|« HUN 30?» DATF 22 AP« |975F nn 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
2 S.7QAE-02 1.B17F 00 n,0 0,0 0,0 0.0
I 5, \6U-Oi> 5.I21E 00 n.O 0,0 0,0 O.n
a t.?7-A»F(S)l CO NOX
MUUMf TYPE EXTENT CO M1X
1 p i.onnF nn «. APR 1474
PAGE 2
PAtiE 1
PAI.F q
PAI;F ;
r,o in Lisuir, tno vAUUHLt CO i
1 I 1 0 •«
.1 0,06 0,01. 0.11 0.1) 0.05
2 0.01 O.OU O.OS 0,05 C,o*
1 0,00 0,011 O.OS 0,05 0,09
Figure 40 Contd.
216
-------
19 1059 LAND.USE DATA ANALYSIS I TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM VERSION I,I (T2UIO) 22 APR l»7« PAGC 6
GRID LISTING FOR VARIABLE NQX I
1 2 J 1 5
3 1.91 1.8U 1.^ n,3! o.o n.n o,n 0.18 o.n 0,0 n,o o.2b
-------
218
-------
3. MARTIN-TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM (MARTIK) P2
3.1 Program Description
3.1.1 Introduct ion
The Martin-Tikvart diffusion modeling program (MARTIK) provides the
means for study of air-pollution in an urban area. The program is based
upon a diffusion model developed by Martin and Tikvart (1968). Basic input
to the program consists of a description of the emission sources located
within the region of interest, together with meteorological data appropriate
to the region. The program computes mean pollutant concentrations as a
function of position within the region at specified points known as receptors,
Up to six pollutants may be considered in a single calculation. Single-wind
cases may be calculated in addition or instead of long-term averages; e.g.,
to examine "worst case" conditions. A number of optional program modes
enable the application of backgrounds and calibration factors at each recep-
tor site for each pollutant, to use previously created data banks, and to
pass the results on to other programs.
3.1.2 Summary Description of the Model
A theoretical discussion of the meteorological basis for the model is
to be found in the Task 2 Study Report. Only the essential features of the
model need be considered here:
1. Sources are described as being "point", "line" or "area" in nature.
In the case of a point source, a steady emission rate in grams/sec, is
assumed from one single point of zero extent. This point may be elevated
219
-------
to take into account the height of a stack in the case of an industrial
source. In the case of a line source, a straight-line segment at constant
height is assumed. The coordinates of the end points define the segment.
The emission rate for a line source is specified in the form of a mean
density; i.e., in grams/meter sec. In the case of an area source, a rect-
angular region with axes oriented east-west and north-south is assumed.
The region is assumed to be at constant height, and emissions for the source
2
are distributed as a mean area density; i.e., in grams/m-sec. Point, line
and area sources may be mixed in any order within one calculation.
2. Up to 100 receptor points may be specified. The horizontal coordi-
nates and height above the reference plane are given for each. In addition,
a background and calibration scale factor may be supplied for each receptor
for each of the pollutants to be considered.
3. The meteorological data consists of the set of relative frequencies
for 480 meteorological conditions, representing five stability classes, 16
wind directions (the points of the compass with 1 = North) and 6 wind-speed
classes. In addition, information regarding the ambient temperature,
ambient pressure and mixing-layer depth are specified.
4. The concentration at a given receptor point is the arithmetic sum
of the concentrations due to all individual sources. The contribution of
each source is summed for all meteorological conditions weighted by the
relative probability of occurrence. Only those conditions corresponding to
non-zero probabilities and source upwind of the receptor are considered.
The transfer function describing the relationship between emission at the
source point and concentration at the receptor point is the Gifford-Pasquill
(1961) plume equation, in which the vertical distribution of concentration
220
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close to each source-point is represented as a gaussian function. The stan-
dard deviation of the distribution is taken to be a stability-dependent power-
law function of the downwind distance. The distance at which this coeffici-
ent is 0.47 times the effective mixing layer depth is the "trapping distance"
at which suppression of vertical diffusion by the elevated stable layer
begins to become effective. Beyond a distance of twice the trapping distance,
uniform vertical mixing is assumed within the mixing layer depth. Between
the trapping distance and twice the trapping distance, the vertical distribu-
tion is taken to be a linear interpolation between those at the two distances.
The horizontal distribution function is based upon the assumption of a uni-
form distribution of wind directions within each of the 16 (22-1/2 ) wind
sectors. The result is a linear interpolation between results in adjacent
wind sectors weighted by the angular distance between sector centerlines.
5. In the determination of the vertical distribution, the effective
height of release of the source effluent is used instead of the actual
physical stack height. The added height reflects the vertical rise of the
plume from the stack due to buoyancy effects and upward momentum of the
stack gases. The added height is computed as a function of stability class
and wind-speed using a "plume rise factor" specified for each source. This
factor may be defined as the height (in meters), above the height of release
at which the plume becomes horizontal under stability class 4 conditions with
a wind speed of 1 meter/sec. In the case of elevated sources,the vertical
distribution at distances less than the trapping distance is actually the
sum of two terms: the first representing the direct emission from the
i
source and the second representing that reflected from the ground plane
(assumed to be an infinite, horizontal, non-absorbing plane).
221
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3.1.3 Special Features of the ERT Model
1. Integration over area-source distributions is accomplished numeri-
cally by subdivision into elemental sources. This approach is inherently
capable of higher accuracy than the use of "virtual point source" methods
applied in some models (e.g., see AQDM, 1969) for area sources.
2. Accuracy may be weighed vs. computation time by adjusting para-
meters which determine the number of source subdivision elements and the
number of terms in series expansions.
3. Coordinates are stored internally in meters. Gridded data may be
used for input, but sources and receptors are not defined in terms of fixed
grid "cells" but instead are represented in terms of their own geometry.
4. Local discontinuities and "ripple" due to the integration procedure
are minimized by taking into account the receptor-source orientation when
assigning the integration subelements. This procedure allows small receptor
displacements without the introduction of step discontinuities.
5. The program has been designed to be as general as possible. All
parameters within the program are accessible to the user via a FORTRAN IV
namelist (PARAMETERS) package. Hence, for example, the number, names and
units of the pollutants chosen for a study may be entered as data to the
program. Coordinates for card-input data may be in any self-consistent set
of units to be scaled by a given factor at run time. The emission inventory
may be entered using a card-input procedure, or it may be preprocessed and
put onto a data set by a previous program. The use of the program is not,
therefore, restricted to any specific emission inventory format. A non-
standard set of wind conditions may be input and the plume dispersion coef-
222
-------
ficients may be changed. The computation parameters which determine the
tradeoff between accuracy and running time may be specified, or default values
used instead.
6. Program output is in the form of computed total concentrations
at each receptor point presented in tabular form and}optionally,as an out-
put data set in card-image format. This format is compatible with inputs
used by the SYMAP computer mapping program, making it possible to follow
MARTIK calculations directly by SYMAP runs in which computed concentrations
are displayed graphically.
3.1.4 Keyword Package Summary
Program input is organized along the keyword package structure described
in Section 1.3. In the AQUIP version of MARTIK the following keyword packages
have been implemented.
PARAMETERS
This card directs the reading of a parameter namelist § INPUT in which
all run options and computation parameters are specified. The number of
pollutants, their names, units and conversion factors, the coordinate scale
unit, data set reference numbers and wind parameters are frequently specified
in this manner. All parameters have defaults, and need be specified only
when they are to be changed. Some internal program parameters are also
accessible to the user through the &INPUT namelist. A list of parameters
appears in Section 3.2.1.
223
-------
POINTS
This card causes receptor data to be read and tabulated. Each card
contains horizontal and vertical coordinates (in the specified coordinate
scale unit) of one receptor, its height in meters, and an optional field
for a 20-character descriptor name to be printed in the table. If the
number is blank, it takes on the next unspecified value. Up to 100 receptors
are allowed. If the number is specified, data for the indicated receptor is
replaced by that on the card.
RCAL
This card initiates the reading of calibration factors for the recep-
tors, which have default values of 1.0. Each card contains a number, identi-
fying the receptor to which the factors apply, and 6 factors corresponding
to the six pollutants. If the identifying number is not specified, the
values are applied to all receptors. Previously stored values for these
factors are replaced by those on the card.
VALUES
This card initiates the reading of background concentrations for the
receptors. Each card of the data set contains a reference number and six
background values (in "output" units) for the six pollutants. The default
values for backgrounds are taken to be 0, and are not reset except by reading
of a VALUES package, or by specification of RSTORE=.TRUE. in the PARAMETERS
package. This latter specification causes the results of a previous calcula-
tion to be used as backgrounds in the next calculation.
224
-------
METD
This card initiates the reading of the wind rose. The first card of
the package contains a "1" in the column 10 (indicating that this is a type 1
wind rose). Columns 41-70 contain a descriptive title for the wind rose, to
be printed with the tabulated arithmetic mean concentrations. The title
should therefore contain information as to the period over which the n.jteoro-
logical data applies (e.g., "annual", "winter", etc.). The wind frequency
array F is initialized to zero at the beginning of execution of the MET J
package and only those conditions for which F is non-zero need be read in
the data set. Each card contains frequencies for 6 wind speed classes for
one stability class (1-5) and one wind direction class (1-16). Up to 8f
cards may be required, therefore, to specify the full (480 condition) w^nd-
rose.
The wind rose is tabulated by stability class, and checked for normr-
lization. An error is assumed if the sum over the array is not within 1*
of a given normalization value (normally unity). Provision is made for
scaling the wind rose as it is read to renormalize or to partition the
wind rose.
SRCE
This card causes emissions data to be read in from cards in internal
units. Normally, the emission inventory is to be resident on a data set
specified in the PARAMETERS package, UNIT (1). This package allows the
creation of this data set at run time. Each source requires up to 3 cards,
and may be one of the three types "POINT", "LINE", or "AREA". Each source
group is initiated by a card containing the type and a name for printing.
The second and third cards contain coordinate and emission information for
the first source in the group. If additional sources exist for the group,
225
-------
they are represented by additional cards, singly or in pairs. Emissions
are as given in internal units (grams, meters and seconds) and may be expressed
as positive or negative quantities depending upon whether absolute or differ-
ential effects are being studied. Gridded area source data may be entered
in "GRID" package format.
RCON
This card ends the input stream for a given diffusion model run, and
initiates the computation of receptor concentrations based on the data sets
read in so far. No further cards are read until after computations are
finished and output is printed. Arithmetic mean concentrations are tabulated
by pollutant for each receptor.
COMMENTS
This card initiates a package designed for the convenience of annotating
the output with comments. Any number of comments cards may follow, each with
a carriage control character (blank, 0 or 1) in column 15, and the comments
line in columns 21-70. A non-blank character in column 72 indicates that an
additional comment card is to follow. Comments are read and printed until
the last card read contains a blank in columns 71-72.
COMPUTE
This package has been provided to enable the MARTIK program to be
adapted easily to special cases in which user-designated calculations and
data set manipulations are to be done at intermediate stages of a job. The
COMPUTE card calls a user-written subroutine COMP, which may perform calcu-
lations, additional input-output, and manipulation of data sets as required
by the specific program applications.
ENDJOB
This card causes termination of the program with the message "END OF
PROGRAM".
226
-------
These packages are discussed in detail in Section 3.2, with the excep-
tion of COMMENTS and ENDJOB, which are discussed in Section 1.3, and COMPUTE
which is covered in Section 3.3.
3.1.5 Program Output
The normal output of MARTIK consists of:
1. A listing of program options and run parameters when a PARAMETERS
package is encountered.
2. A listing of receptor coordinates and names as read in.
3. A listing of receptor background and calibration factors
if entered with VALUES or RCAL packages.
4. A listing of the wind-rose, tabulated by stability for each
class whose total frequency of occurrence is non-zero.
5. A listing of emission source data as read in, if input from
cards using an SRCE package.
6. A listing of source total emission rates, by source at the
beginning of each source loop in the computation of concen-
trations .
7. Tabulated arithmetic mean concentrations given by pollutant
for each receptor.
3.2 Keyword Packages
3.2.1 PARAMETERS
The format of the MARTIK PARAMETERS package is as given in Section
1.3.3. The name, type, dimension, default value and a brief description
of meaning is given for each parameter currently by the namelist §INPUT:
227
-------
Name Type Dim.
SCALE R 1
UNIT I 3
ORIGIN
REWIND
OUTP
PRINT
STNDRD
RSTORE
NCOMP
TMIN
TMAX
A,B
C,D
XMIN
R
R
10
Default Meaning
1000. Coordinate scale unit, meters
11 UNIT(l); logical unit for source
dataset
12 UNIT(2); logical unit for optional
output (OUTP=.TRUE.)
0,0 Origin of receptor coordinator
system, scale u. east and scale u
north.
10*0 Units to be rewound before further
use.
F True if receptor concentrations are
to be output in VALUES card-format
on dataset number UNIT(2).
1 T True if data packages are to be
printed as read in-
1 T True if standard set of met. condi«-
tions is to be used.
1 F True if previously computed receptor
concentrations are to be used as
backgrounds in the next run.
1 50 Computation parameter in GPASQ: deter-
mines the maximum number of elements
into which a line or area source may
be divided. Max. value = 100.
1 0.01 Minimum value of an argument X in
EXP(X) such that the exponential
is evaluated. For X less than TMIN
EXP(-X) is set to (1-X).
1 30.0 Maximum value of X such that EXP(-X)
is evaluated. For X greater than
TMAX, EXP(-X) is set to 0.
5 not used
5 * The set of constants C,D for each of
5 stability classes used to compute
the plume dispersion coefficients.
1 100.0 Downwind distance, in meters, within which
plume dimension is assumed constant.
*See Section 3.2.1, Item 1.
228
-------
Name
XTR
DMX
NR
WD
U
KS
NS
NW
NU
NQQ
QNAM
QUNIT
RFACT
DCAY
Type
R
R
I
R
R
R
I
I
I
I
I
R*8
Dim. Default
5 *
5 *
1 0
6,16,5 480*0
16 *
6 *
5 *
1 5
1 16
1 6
1 6
f\ *
R*8
R
6*0
Meaning
The set of trapping distances in
meters for each of 5 stability classes.
The set of mixing depths in meters for
each of 5 stability classes.
Receptor count. Can be set t;; zero
to clear out previous receptor set.
Meteorological array. Specification of
F=480*0. clears previous wind rose.
Array of wind direction angle? mea-
sured clockwise from North.
Array of wind speeds, in meters/sec.
Array of stability classes.
Number of stability classes to be
considered (up to 5).
Number of wind directions to be
considered (up to 16).
Number of wind speeds to be consider ci
(up to 6).
Number of pollutants in set (up to 6 .
Array of pollutant names (up to • ) i.i
form 'XXXXXXXX' for printing and
column headings in tables.
Array of pollutant output units in
form 'XXXXXXXX1 for column heading?
in tables.
Conversion factors to convert input
emission units to units given in
QUNIT.
Decay half life for each pollutant,
in hours. If zero, decay factors are
not applied.
Section 3.2.1, Item 1.
229
-------
3.2.1.1 Reference Data for PARAMETERS Package
1. Default Values for Meteorological Arrays
WD Wind-Direction Array - The 16 elements of WD take on as
default values the angular displacement, in degrees from
north, of each of the 16 points of the compass, beginning
with north (0.,22.5,...,315.0,337.5).
KS Stability-Class Array - The 5 elements of KS take on the
default values 1,2,3,4,5.
Wind-Speed Array - The 6 elements of U take on values as
given by the following table:
Wind-Speed Class
1
2
3
4
5
6
Range (knots)
0-3
4-6
7 - 10
11-16
17-21
>21
Value, U
(m/sec.)
0.67
2.46
4.47
6.93
9.61
12.52 = 25.5 kts.
2. Meteorological Constants
The standard deviation SIGZ. used to describe the vertical distribution
in the gaussian plume equation are calculated according to the expression
SIGZ
(C)*(X**D)
(X = downwind distance, meters)
230
-------
The "trapping distance" XTR is defined as that distance for which SIGZ =
0.47*DMX where DMX is the mixing layer depth in meters. The constants C,D
and DMX may be specified in § INPUT. Default values are:
Stability Class, KS
1
2
3
4
5
C
0.022
0.064
0.150
0.270
0.372
D
1.44
1.12
0.86
0.68
0.58
DMX
1500.
1000.
1000.
820.
100.
XTR
1400.
2900.
11000.
40000.
4000.
3. Unit Conversion Factors
Source internal units are g /sec for point sources, g/m-sec for line
2 3
sources and g/m -sec for area sources. Concentrations are in g/m x RFACT,
where RFACT is specified in the PARAMETERS package for each pollutant, and
depends upon the desired output units (specified in QUNIT).
QUNIT
i
i
i
GM/M
MG/M
UG/M
**
**
**
3'
3'
3'
RFACT
1
1
1
.0
.0
.0
E
E
03
06
To specify output in parts per million ('PPM'), the value of RFACT used
is a function of the ambient temperature. Values for five pollutants at 5
temperatures are given below:
231
-------
Pollutant
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ozone
Methane
Nitrogen dioxide
09C
349.869
800.184
466.968
1397.093
487.194
60°F
369.793
845.753
493.560
1476.654
514.938
70°F
376.910
862.029
503.058
1505.071
524.848
20°C
375.486
858.773
501.158
1499.386
522.866
25°C
381.891
873.421
509.707
1524.961
531.784
If input emissions data are in other than g, m, and sec as required intern-
ally, conversion may be achieved by multiplying RFACT by an appropriate
factor; e.g.,
Numerator
g/sec
g/m-sec
Denominator
pounds /year
tons/year
pounds/km-day
tons/kmi-day
Factor
1.45 E-05
2.90 E-02
3.26 E-09
6.52 E-06
4. Pollutant Information
The default names (QNAM) for the six pollutants, as compiled in the
current MARTIK version are 'PARTIC.'.'S 02','C 0','HYDROC.','N OX1, and
'(blank)'. Default names for printed units (QUNIT) are 'UG/M**3' for all
but S02 and CO, which are 'PPM1. RFACT values, however, are defaulted to
1.0 E+6 for all pollutants (the conversion to ug/m ). Hence the actual
values for SO- and CO will not be in ppm unless values for RFACT are supplied
for them in the PARAMETERS package. See Section 3.3.3 for further discussion.
232
-------
3.2.2 POINTS
This package initiates the reading of receptor coordinates and names
for printing. NOTE that the card format for 'POINTS' is identical to that
used in LANTRAN (Section 2.2.3). The number of recepters in a second or
later POINTS package cannot exceed the number given in a preceding POINTS
package.
FIRST CARD
Keyword card 'POINTS' in standard format (Section 1.3.2).
FOLLOWING CARDS - One for each receptor:
Columns Variable Format
Meaning
1 - 7
8-10
Must be blank
13
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-70
LAST CARD
RH
RV
RZ
F10.5
F10.5
F10.5
7A4.A2
Number of receptor for which coordin-
ates are read in (1 to 100). If blank or
0, N is given the next available number
in sequence.
Receptor horizontal coord., in SCALE
units.
Receptor vertical coord., in SCALE
units.
Receptor height, in meters.
Optional 30-character receptor name
for printing.
Delimiter card '99999'
Specification of the ORIGIN parameter in the PARAMETERS package enables the
coordinates of a POINTS package to be displaced such that:
ORIGIN(l)
ORIGIN(2)
Scale Units
where x , y are the receptor coordinates as read from the card and x,y the
relocated receptor points. This option is of use if a large receptor grid
is to be filled out by multiple runs with smaller grids.
233
-------
3.2.3 RCAL
This package reads in calibration factors to be applied to selected
receptors for up to 6 pollutants. Receptor coordinates must have been
previously initialized by a 'POINTS' package before reading a 'RCAL' package.
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'RCAL' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
SECOND CARD - Pollutant Name Card
Columns Variable Format Meaning
_ Must be blank
11-20 QN(1) A8,2X
Names of pollutants (must be identical
to QNAM array) .
61-70 QN(6) A8,2X
FOLLOWING CARDS - One or more data cards:
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-8 Must be blank
8-10 N 13 Number of receptor for which factors
are to be applied.
11-20 RCAL(1,N) F10.5
/• Cal . factors for 6 pollutants
61-70 RCAL(6,N) F10.5
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'
If N is blank or zero, the same calibration factor is applied to all recep-
tors. Hence if the first data card contains N=0 the following cards need
only refer to those receptors whose value is different from the generally
applied calibration factor.
234
-------
3.2.4 VALUES
This package reads in receptor background levels (in output units) for
selected receptors for up to 6 pollutants. Receptor coordinates must have
been previously initialized by a 'POINTS' package before reading a 'VALUES'
package. Note that the card format for 'VALUES' is identical to that used
in LANTRAN (Section 2.2.4).
FIRST CARD
SECOND CARD
Columns Variable
1-10
11-20 QN(1)
Keyword card 'VALUES' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
Pollutant Name Card
®
Format Meaning
Must be blank
A8.2X
Names of pollutants (must be identical .
to QNAM array). '
61-70 QN(6)
FOLLOWING CARDS
1-7
9-10 N
A8,2X
One or more data cards
Must be blank
11-20
RBKG(1,N)
13
F10.5
Number of receptor to which backgrot. '
is to be added.
Values for 6 pollutants (output units)
J
61-70 RBKG(6,N) F10.5
LAST CARD - Delimiter Card '99999'
If N is blank or zero, the same background value is added to all recep-
tors. Hence if the first data card contains N = 0 the following cards need
only refer to those receptors whose value is different from the generally
added background value.
235
-------
3.2.5 METD
This package reads in the meteorological array, checks for normalization
and tabulates the wind rose by stability class. The entire array is set to
zero before the package is read in.
FIRST CARD
SECOND CARD
Columns
1-9
10
11-20
Keyword card 'METD1 in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
Parameter card:
Variable Format
'I1
DEPTH
II
F10.5
21-30
31-40
41-70
TAMB
PAMB
TITLE
F10.5
F10.5
7A4,A2
THIRD CARD - (Used only if
1-10
11-20 DMX(l) F10.5
51-60 DMX(5)
OPTIONAL CARD -
1-10
11-20 FNORM
F10.5
(Used only
the array):
F10.5
21-30
31-70
FACT
F10.5
Meaning
Must be blank
Wind rose type: must be 1
Climatological value of mixing depth,
meters, for use with classes 2,3, or
zero if DMX array is to be read on
following card.
Ambient temperature, deg.K
Ambient pressure, millibars.
Averaging period, etc., for printing.
DEPTH field on second card is omitted)
Must be blank
Mixing depth, meters, to be used for
classes 1 to 5.
to scale input data or change the sum over
Must be blank
Normalization constant. Initially 1.0.
Error number 350 in INC results if the
normalized summation over the F-array is
not within 1.% of FNORM.
Scale factor to be applied to all values
read after this card. Initially 1.0.
Not used.
236
-------
FOLLOWING
Columns
1-5
6-7
8-10
11-20
61-70
LAST CARD
CARDS
Variable
L
K
F(1,K,L)
F(6,K,L)
- Delimiter
One or more data cards :
Format Meaning
Must be blank.
12 Stability class (1 to 5)
13 Wind direction class (1 to 16)
F10.5
} Frequency of occurrence of wind sy ?cd
classes 1 to 6 for stability class L,
direction K.
F10.5
card '99999'
NOTE: Cards for which F is all zero may be omitted. Each card read assigns
frequencies corresponding to the 6 wind-speed classes for stability L and
wind direction class K.
Specification of the mixing depth parameter DEPTH causes the following
set of mixing depths to be generated for the 5 stability classes:
Class
4
5
Value
1.5* DEPTH (meters)
1.0* DEPTH
1.0* DEPTH
0.8* DEPTH + 20.
100
3.2.6 MSG
This package allows communication with the computer operator through
the console typewriter, and may be used to request the mounting of tapes,
changes of form, etc.
237
-------
FIRST CARD - Keyword Card 'MSG' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
The IFORM parameter (punched right-justified in column 18) is used by this
package, with
IFORM =0 to print one or more lines of text on the console
teletype without pause, or
IFORM =1 to print one or more lines of text on the console
teletype with a PAUSE. The operator must type "C"
before continuation.
The JF parameter (columns 71-72) on the keyword card must be punched with a
non-blank character if additional lines of text are to follow.
FOLLOWING CARDS - One or more cards in comments-card format. (Section
1.3.2).
LAST CARD - A comments card with columns 71-72 blank.
3.2.7 SRCE
This package reads in emissions data from cards and transfers them to
the data set with data-set reference number UNIT(l). This package may be
omitted if emission sources have been previously stored on UNIT(l) in the
required format (Section 3.2.7.1).
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'SRCE' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
FOLLOWING CARDS - Data Cards in one of three formats (A, B, or C).
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'
-a__uimrrn - -- - --- ---- - -._ ---- _-.-. i - —- j- -- _... — - t--. --•- - ...
A. Single Source Format
Three cards for each source, according to the following:
258
-------
FIRST CARD
Source I.D. Card
Columns
1-5
9-10
21-70
SECOND CARD
Variable
TYPE
NN
SNAME
Format
A4.1X
12
12A4,A2
1-10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
THIRD CARD
9-10
11-20
21-30
61-70
Coordinate Card
10X
SHI F10.5
SV1 F10.5
SH2 F10.5
SV2 F10.5
H F10.5
P F10.5
Emissions Card
MM 12
0(1) G10.5
Q(2) G10.5
Meaning
'POINT1, 'LINE1 or 'AREA1
Blank or zero for single-source format
50-character source name, for printing
Not used
Hor. coord. #1, scale u.
Ver. coord. #1, scale u.
Hor. coord. #2, scale u.
Ver. coord. #2, scale u.
Stack height, meters
2
Plume rise factor, m /sec.
Blank or zero for single-source format.'
Emission rates for 6 pollutants in
g. , m, sec (positive or negative).
Q(6)
G10.5
SV2 are shown for the three types of sources
The four coordinates SHI, SV1, SH2,
in Figure 41.
Point
(SHI, SVI)
SH2 and SV2 Not Used
for Point Sources
Line
(SH2,
(SHI.SV1)
Area
(SHI, SVI)
SV2
SH2
Figure 41 Coordinate Specification for Three Types
of Emission Sources in MARTIK
239
-------
B. Multisource Format
Four or more cards (two or more sources).
In some cases it is convenient to group sources together under a
single source I.D. card (e.g., highways with multiple links). To specify
multiple sources, a non-zero number is punched for the variable NN repre-
senting the number of coordinate cards (i.e., the number of sources in
the group) to follow. Each coordinate card is followed by an emissions
card unless MM is non-zero, in which case MM represents the number of
sources to which the same emissions apply.
Example:
Consider a highway consisting of 10 links differing only in coordinates
(i.e., having the same emission densities on all links). Using the single-
source format, a total of 30 cards would be required, of which 18 would be
duplicates. Using the multisource format, only 12 are required: one source
I.D. card with NN = 10, followed by the coordinate card of the first link,
followed by the emissions card with MM = 10, finally followed by 9 cards
representing the additional 9 links.
NOTE:that the number of sources actually generated and transferred to
the internal source data set is equal to the number of coordinate cards.
C. Gridded Area Source Format:
Three or more cards.
In many cases a large number of discrete point, line and small area
sources may be allocated together into a grid system. This format allows
data defined on such a grid to be entered directly into MARTIK, which converts
each cell of the grid to an 'AREA' source and writes it to UNIT(l). Two
simplifying assumptions are made in this process:
240
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(1) There is no plume-rise associated with the sources; and
(2) All cells of the grid system are at the same height, which
is therefore the effective stack height of all sources
generated.
The format for gridded area source data is a LANTRAN 'GRID' package
(see Section 2.2.5") in its entirety, with the first card replacing the
source I.D. card of format A above. Note that the last card of the 'GRID'
package is a '99999' card, which will terminate the 'SRCE' package. Fo^.
this reason, a 'GRID' package usually follows the 'POINT', 'LINE' or 'AREA'
source groups within the 'SRCE' package. If additional 'POINT' 'LINE' or
'AREA' cards are to follow the 'GRID' package, or if more than one 'GRID'
package is to he included, use an '88888' as a delimiter for the 'GRID'
packages, with a '99999' as a delimiter for the 'SRCE' package.
NOTE that the second card of a "GRID" package contains the pollutant
names. These must agree exactly with those of the QNAM array.
3.2.7.1 Internal Format for Emissions Data Set
The form of the internal data set on which the inventory resides during
execution is that of a sequential file made up of unformatted fixed-length
blocked records of 52 bytes each. The internal format on the data set is:
Word
1
2
3
4
5
Bytes
1-4
5-8
9-12
13-16
17-20
Name
KTYPE
SHI
SV1
SH2
SV2
Meaning
1,2,3 for point, line or area source.
Hor. coord. #1, meters
Ver. coord. #1, meters
i
Hor. coord. #2, meters
Ver. coord. #2, meters
241
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Word
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Bytes
21-24
25-28
29-32
33-36
37-40
41-44
45-48
49-52
Name
H
P
Qd)
Q(2)
Q(3)
Q(4)
Q(5)
Q(6)
Meaning
Physical height of source, meters
Plume-rise factor, m /sec.
Emission rate, pollutant 1 (g, m, sec)
Emission rate, pollutant 2 (g, m, sec)
Emission rate, pollutant 3 (g, m, sec)
Emission rate, pollutant 4 (g, m, sec)
Emission rate, pollutant 5 (g, m, sec)
Emission rate, pollutant 6 (g, m, sec)
3.2.8 RCON
This package initiates the computation of receptor concentrations.
No further card input takes place until after the completion of the compu-
tation loops and final tabulation of results. At entry into subroutine
LOOPS, (which performs the summations over source, wind direction, stability
class, and wind speed for each receptor and pollutant) the so-called "cycle-
count" is set to zero. The cycle-count is incremented by unity with every
entry into the highest frequency loop; i.e., the inner computation algorithm.
For each type of source (point, line or area) the cpu time spent in LOOPS
is proportional to the cycle count, and hence this variable is useful in
estimation of execution times. See section 3.3.5 for further discussion on
the estimation of running times.
CARD FORMAT - One card, keyword 'RCON1. No delimiter.
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3.3 AQUIP System Implementation
The MARTIK program (Version 3.4, level 720515) has been adapted to the
needs of the Hackensack Meadowlands study by: (1) development of a COMP
routine which contains the application-dependent computations; (2) setting
up model-parameter data sets appropriate to the Hackensack Meadowlands
region; and (5) selection of program and computation parameters. These
three topics are discussed in the following sections.
3.3.1 COMPUTE Routines
COMPUTES 0 and 1 are used for the variable wind field with height.
Normally, MARTIK uses a wind speed that is constant with height. This is
modified by providing MARTIK with the information needed to compute the
variation of the wind with height.
IFORM=0 is used after a variation has been set. It clears the previous
vertical variation parameters, and reset the values back to a constant wind
field with height. The parameters Zl and EX are set to zero. This requires
only the keyword card,
IFORM=1 is used to specify the parameters Zl and EX in the vertical
variation equations. One card follows the keyword card, with Zl and EX
punched in columns 11-20 and 21-30 (format 2G10.0). When these values have
been set the vertical wind field is varied as described below.
In the MARTIK program, the "standard" subroutine PRISE has been replaced
by an entry PRISE into subroutine COMP. This routine performs the computa-
tion of plume-rise (or effective stack height) as a function of stability
class and wind speed. The formula for the effective stack-height is
243
-------
H = Hs + (1.4 - 0.1-L)-P/ur
and
(3-1)
(3-2)
ir = Uj OyZj)**
where
L = stability class
u = wind speed at ground level, m/sec.
u = wind speed at point of release, m/sec.
H = physical stack height, meters
Z, = reference height (height of anemometer at Newark
airport in this case), meters
EX = power law exponent
2
P f plume-rise factor, m /sec.
H = effective stack height, meters
The ventilation velocity, u, used by subroutine LOOPS for the determination
of the concentration, is computed in PRISE to be
u'
u = f3-31
(1+EX)
with
ul H< Z.
EX \ (3'4)
- - ux (H/Zl)hX H> Zl
The PRISE routine uses Eq. (3-1) with ur = Uj (i.e., the formula without
modification) if the parameters Z and EX are zero (as they are initially).
They are set to non-zero values by a 'COMPUTE' keyword package.
244
-------
The remainder of the MARTIK COMPUTES are used to manipulate data.
MARTIK has the following arrays of values for each receptor:
RCON - Calculated concentrations. Filled by RCON package
RBKG should = 0 before using the RCON package.
RBKG - Background concentrations. Filled either by VALUES
or PARAMETERS with RSTORE=.TRUE.
RCAL - Calibration factors. Set by RCAL package.
RCONB - Work array where values may be stored between calculations.
COMPUTES - 2 through 9 manipulate the values in these arrays. All of
these computes require only the COMPUTE keyword card.
IFORM=2: Zeros the RBKG array. The array of background values, RBKG,
is set to zero. RBKG = 0
IFORM=3: Moves the RBKG array into the RCONB array.
IFORM=4: This COMPUTE will be used to add values saved in RBKG to al-
ready existing values in RCONB. It is equivalent to RCONB=RCONG+RBKG for
all array elements.
IFORM=5: Subtracts the RBKG array from the work array RCONB. This is
the same as IFORM=4 except that the values are subtracted.
IFORM=6: Moves the RBKG array into the RCONArray. This will permit
later tabulation of the values presently in RBKG; or can be used to zero
the RCON array after zeroing the RBKG array.
IFORM=7: Adds the RBKG array to the RCON array. This is the same
as the IFORM=4, except that the destination array is RCON. It would then
be directly available for printing.
IFORM=8: Adds RCON to RCONB, and then multiplies the sum by the cali-
bration factor in RCAL, RCON = (RCON+RCONB)*RCAL. With the final calculations
in RCON the resulting values are added together and the total is multiplied
by the calibration factor for the model. The calibration factors must be
found empirically for the region being modeled.
IFORM=9: Tabulates the RCON array in MARTIK output format. This output
follows exactly the same form as the output from a RCON package. If OUTP=.TRUE.
a VALUES package will be created in exactly the same manner as it would by RCON.
Arrays should be zeroed before use unless the existing values are to be
used.
245
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3.3.2 Data Flow, Diffusion Analysis
The purpose of this section is to relate the MARTIK program to the
overall AQUIP system as shown schematically in Figure 2 of Section 1.1. The
analogous schematic data flow system for diffusion analysis is shown in
Figure 19. The same conventions have been used for the naming of input
data sets (I), model data sets (M), computed data sets (C), programs (P) and
internal data sets (D). Each box of Figure 2 had been detailed to repre-
sent the card decks (keyword packages) which make it up. These card decks
will be described in detail in Section 3.3.4.
In principle, one MARTIK run would suffice to perform the diffusion
analysis for one plan. Since a large number of sources are involved, how-
ever, this approach is impractical due to excessive running times for the
program (about 12 hours per plan on the Spectra 70/45). The usual procedure
is therefore to run the program with one of the four 'SRCE1 packages shown
in Figure 19 and produce an output 'VALUES' package which may either be
used as a background to the next run (with another 'SRCE' package) or, if
each 'SRCE' package produces its own output 'VALUES' package, the set can
be added together by a sequence of 'VALUES' and 'COMPUTE1 operations in
MARTIK. The background emissions, for example, need be run once and for
all, and each of the data sets 12, 13 or Cl only when they are first created
or modified.
246
-------
5154
M2
12, 13 and/or Cl
SRCE
Background
Emissions for
S.W.A
M3
Parameters I Parameters for
M3.I \ S, W, A
-Points
M3.2
METD
M3.3
RCAL
M3.4
Compute
M3.5
Receptor
Coordinates
Wind Rose for
S,W,A
Calibration Factor
for S.W.A
Compute
Operations
Optional
I
] T
T2
Values
Results of Former
Run(s) to be
Added as
Background
SRCE I Highway
Emission
Incinerator
Emissions
Plan Emission
a— . , // *-^ - . //
Point. Grid
Parameters
Receptor Coords
Calibration Factors
Backgrounds (Optional)
Source Data
"Compute "Summaries
Mean Concentrations
D2.
Source Inventory
on Disk in
Internal Format
Computed
Receptor
Concentration
Figure 42 Analogous Schematic Data Flow ^'.,. tjm for Diffusir. .lysis
-------
Deck setups for four modes of operation are given as follows:
A. Source Data Set with No Background to be Added
PARAMETERS Initialize program parameters for season
POINTS Read in receptor coordinates
RCAL Read in calibration factors for season
METD Read in wind rose for season
COMPUTE 1 Read parameters for vertical wind profile
SRCE Read source data set from cards
RCON Compute and calibrate concentrations, add background
valuesj tabulate and output 'VALUES' package.
ENDJOB Call program exit.
B. Source Data Set with Background to be Added
PARAMETERS As per above (A)
POINTS As per above (A)
RCAL As per above (A)
VALUES Read background values
METD As per above (A)
COMPUTE 1 As per above (A)
SRCE As per above (A)
RCON As per above (A)
ENDJOB
C. Source Data Set on Disk
At the end of any run with MARTIK, the emission source resides on a
disk data set (D2.1 in Figure 42) in internal format. This inventory is
not destroyed and may be used again in the next MARTIK run by omitting the
'SRCE' package.
248
-------
D. To Combine Calibrated 'VALUES' Packages
PARAMETERS Initialize program parameters
POINTS Initialize receptor coordinates
VALUES Read in the first 'VALUES' package
COMPUTE 3 Move first package to RCONB
VALUES Read in the second 'VALUES' package
COMPUTE 4 Add second package to RCONB array
VALUES Read in the third 'VALUES' package
COMPUTE 4 Add to RCONB array
COMPUTE 4 Add last 'VALUES' package to RCONB array
COMPUTE 2 Zero the RBKG array
COMPUTE 6 Move RBKG array to RCON array
COMPUTE 8 Move RCONB array to RCON array
COMPUTE 9 Tabulate RCON array, punch a new 'VALUES' package
ENDJOB Call program exit
NOTE that if the results are to be multiplied by a calibration factor, an
RCAL package is included after the POINTS package.
3.3.3 Parameters for the Hackensack Meadowlands Study
At least one PARAMETERS package is required for each MARTIK run involv-
ing actual diffusion calculations or punched output. This is because the
default values cannot take into account the seasonal differences. Some of
the parameters (such as the plume dispersion coefficients) have been modified
specifically for this study and were not therefore compiled into the program
as default values. PARAMETERS packages appropriate to the three seasons:
summer (S), winter (W) and annual (A) are given as follows:
249
-------
A. Winter (W)
PARAMETERS
§ INPUT
NQQ = 5, QNAM = 'TSP-W , 'SOx-W , 'CO-W , 'HC-W , 'NOX-W ,
RFACT(2) = 3.50E+02,8.00E+02,DCAY(2)=3.0,
U=0. 89, 2. 46, 4. 47, 6. 93, 9. 61, 12. 52
C=0. 072, 0.072, 0.169, 1.070, 1.010,
0=1.220,1.220,1.010,0.682,0.554
NCOMP=5 ,TMIN=0 . 2 ,TMAX=7 . 0 ,
SEND
B. Summer (S)
PARAMETERS
S INPUT
NQQ=5,QNAM=ITSP-SI,ISOX-S','CO-S','HC-SI,'NOX-S',
RFACT(2)=3.77E+02,8.62E+02,DCAY(2)=3.0,
U=0. 89, 2. 46, 4. 47, 6. 93, 9. 61, 12. 52,
C=0. 072, 0.072, 0.169, 1.070, 1.010,
0=1.220,1.220,1.010,0.682,0.554,
NCOMP=5,TMIN=0.2,TMAX=7.0,
SEND
C. Annual
PARAMETERS
§ INPUT
NQQ=5 ,QNAM="'TSP-A ' , ' SOX-A ' , 'CO-A ' , ' HC -A ' , ' NOX-A ' ,
RFACT(2)=3.70E+02,8.46E-H02,DCAY(2)=3.0,
U=0. 89, 2. 46, 4. 47, 6. 93, 9. 61, 12. 52,
250
-------
C=0.072,0.072,0.169,1.070,1.010,
0=1.220,1.220,1.010,0.682,0.554,
NCOMP=5,TMIN=02,TMAX=7.0,
SEND
The internal data set UNIT(l) has a default reference number of 11.
The default for the logical variable OUTP is .FALSE, indicating that a 'VALUES'
package is not to be created as output. If a 'VALUES' package is_ to be cre-
ated, then specify OUTP=.TRUE. with UNIT(2) equal to the reference number of
the output data set. If 7 is specified, the output data set will be punched
on cards.
Default values for calibration factors are compiled to be 1.0 for all
pollutants, for all receptors. The results of the model validation procedures
(discussed in the Task 2 study report) have led to the adoption of the fol-
lowing calibration factors (Table 3), applicable to all receptors within the
Hackensack Meadowlands study region:
TABLE 3 CALIBRATION FACTORS
1. Particulates
2. Sulfur dioxide
3 . Carbon monoxide
4 . Hydrocarbons
5. NO,
Summer (S)
1.45
0.875
1.25
1.99
0.750
Winter (W)
0.826
0.602
2.31
2.23
0.616
Annual (A)
1.19
0.66
1.70
2.03
0.614
251
-------
Finally, the two parameters read by the COMPUTE 1 package, which initial-
izes for the vertical wind velocity profile are:
Zl = 6.00
EX = 0.20
These two parameters are punched in G10.0 format in Columns 11-20 and 21-30
on the card immediately following the 'COMPUTE' keyword card with IFORM=1.
3.3.4 Data Set Description
This section describes in some detail the actual card decks making up
the data sets of Figure 2.
12 Highway Emissions Data
A keyword 'SRCE' package in which links of highways are coded as 'LINE'
sources. Preparation involves assigning vehicle counts to each straight-
line link of the system, multiplying these traffic counts by emission factors
to obtain the source emission densities in g/m-sec for each link.
13 Point Source Emissions Data
A keyword 'SRCE' package in which sources such as power plants or
incinerators,in addition to those generated by the land-use plan,are coded
as 'POINT1 sources. Preparation involves determination of the physical
stack height, plume rise factor, and emission rates in g/sec for each
source.
Cl Point and Grid Area Source (Plan Emissions) Data
A keyword 'SRCE' package generated for a single land-use plan by LANTRAN
(see Section 2.3.2). The package is made up of 'POINT' sources generated
by the LANTRAN COMP routines, and a 'GRID' package representing the area-
252
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source emission densities for the study-area system. These densities are
2
expressed as rates per square scale unit, and are converted to g/m -sec in
MARTIK.
M2 Background Emissions by Season (S,W,A)
A keyword "SRCE1 package containing point, line and area sources in
combination, and representing the projected emissions from all regions lying
outside the study area. Modification of this data set requires source-by-
source changes.
M3 MARTIK Model Data Sets by Season (S,W,A)
M3.1 PARAMETERS - As discussed in Section 3.3.3.
M3.2 POINTS - A deck of receptor coordinates. For this
study, the "Hackensack 1-km receptor grid" was used. The 100 receptor
points making up this grid are shown in Figure 43.
M3.3 METD - A deck of cards representing a Newark 1990 wind
rose for the season of interest. The 1990 wind rose represents a 10-year
average (performed by the METCON program) for the years 1956-65.
M3.4 RCAL - A three-card data set for the season of interest,
applying calibration factors to all receptors. Values for these calibration
factors are given in Section 3.3.3.
' M3.5 COMPUTE - One or more cards controlling one of 10 functions
selected by IFORM. One COMPUTE 1 package is required for runs involving
diffusion analysis (an RCON package). Values for the COMPUTE 1 input para-
meters Zl, EX are given in Section 3.3.3.
255
-------
to
"o
c
k_
o
o
TO
o
571
573 575
577 579
581
583
585
Grid Coordinates East
Figure 43 Hackensack Meadowlands 1-km Grid
254
-------
C2 Computed Receptor Concentrations
A keyword 'VALUES' package created by MARTIK as a result of execution
of an RCON package. Used as input to SYMAP (Section 5.2.5) and to LANTRAN
(Section 3.2.4). This data set may optionally be used as an input to MARTIK,
in which case its values are added to those computed.
D 2.1 Source Inventory in Internal Format
A binary file containing one record for each source read in the last.
'SRCE1 package input to MARTIK. This file may be re-used if the inventory
is not to be changed. Record formats for this file are discussed in Section
3.2.7.1.
T2 Printed Output
The printed output for one MARTIK run, including tabulation of all input
data sets as read in, a listing of source total emission rates during compu-
tation of concentrations, and a tabulation of mean concentrations by pollu-
tants for each receptor.
3.3.5 MARTIK and the Planning Process
The above discussions have been concerned with the mechanics of setting up
the data sets and specification of the program options for a MARTIK diffusion
analysis. This section is concerned with the role of MARTIK as a tool in the
planning process. Several types of analyses are discussed with examples;
in each case, the data flow pattern follows the form of Figure 42, although
the data sets themselves are of course dependent upon the particular type of
study.
255
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1. Total Air Quality for a Given Land-Use Plan
This is the most obvious role of the diffusion model, exemplified by
the analysis of the four plans: 1, 1A, IB, 1C for the Hackensack Meadowlands
Region in the year 1990. This has been an important result of this study.
In this case, the model is used with a "complete" source inventory - accounting
for all emissions which are of influence upon the study region - and mean
concentrations are computed for the season of interest using an appropriate
wind rose. Large-scale spatial variations are demonstrated by computing the
concentrations at spacings sufficiently close to preserve the resolution of
the inventory itself. Long-term temporal patterns are reflected in differ-
ences in results computed for the different seasons, resulting from changes
in the inventory (e.g., due to space-heating in winter) and in changes in
prevailing meteorological conditions. Small-scale spatial and short-term
temporal variations are not captured in this case. It is, however, compatible
with the nature of the total plan data, which tend to be expressed in terms
of spatial zones and mean periods of time.
In AQUfP, source emissions data for the land-use plan are provided as
an output of the LANTRAN program (data set Cl). LANTRAN is not essential
to the process of inventory estimation but instead formalizes a complicated
methodology for translating the activity information expressed in planning
terms (e.g., density of dwelling units or classification of manufacturing) -
into actual emission rates. Some portion of this inventory may be prepared
directly by other means. Such point sources as power plants or incinerators,
and line sources based on highway projections are examples. These are dis-
cussed in the Task 1 report for the Meadowlands data. The background emission
inventory, an important part of the contribution to total air quality represents
a substantial effort in the gathering and projection of emissions data. These
256
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data are also discussed in the Task 1 report. It is likely that this emissions
data set, regarded as a part of the model, will, for the most part, be considered
as "ground truth", providing for constraints upon the emissions which may result
from a plant - and therefore upon the activities - in order to meet standards.
2. Contributions to Total Air Quality for a Given Plan
This case is an expansion of the first. The same inventory is used,
but subsets of the total inventory are analyzed separately to determine.
their effect in relation to the total. Examples of subsets which might be
run separately are: highways (line sources), incinerators and power plants
(point sources), residential land uses only, and industrial only. The
background is usually run separately anyway. In principle, the entire
inventory could still be run in a single job submission, with each subset
calculated and tabulated using an RCON package, using COMPUTE packages to
accumulate and print the total.
3. Mean Contribution of Single or Small Complexes of Sources
This case represents perhaps one of the most frequent uses of the model,
in which proposed localized land-uses such as new highway, power plant or
shopping centers are analyzed for their impact on air-quality. A proposed
land-use of this sort involves one or more emissions sources, with emission
rates determined for each season if differences are anticipated. Since only
a small number of sources is involved, MARTIK runs can be made in a relatively
short running time, and thus the effect of design alternatives may be readily
displayed. The immediate result of a MARTIK run is,in this case,the added
contribution of the mean total air quality. The new total can also be
obtained if the total without the proposed addition is input to MARTIK as a
'VALUES' package, and used as a background in the computation.
257
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4. Worst Case Analysis for Single or Small Complexes of Sources
This case is similar to the previous one, except that a seasonal wind
rose is not used, but, instead, only a single wind condition is examined,
to estimate the contribution made by the sources under "worst case" conditions.
The hypothetical case considered is this: The wind speed is assumed to be
constant with the direction distributed throughout the given wind sector as
f(8) = (6Q - 6)/ 6Q (3-5)
where 6 is the angular displacement from the sector centerline and 6 the
angular sector width (22-1/2 ).* To perform a worst-case analysis, only a
single wind-frequency card is included in the 'METD' package, with a frequency
of 1.0 punched for the desired worst-case condition, and zero fields for all
others.
5. Differential Effects
In this case the differential effect on air quality due to changes in
source configuration is displayed directly. An example is the effect of
relative placement of sources, or of relocating a source to take into account
prevailing wind conditions and other factors. Two methods may be employed
to arrive at the difference:
a. The data cards for the "existing" configuration are removed
from the inventory, and repunched with negative emission rates. These are
then included together with the data cards for the alternative configuration
in an 'SRCE' package. The concentrations computed by the 'RCON1 package are
the differential concentrations, with positive values representing increases
and negative values decreases.
*NOTE that in the actual model calculation, the angular quantities of Eq. (3-5)
are replaced by linear displacements from the sector centerline (see Task 2 study
report).
258
-------
b. The data cards for the "existing" configuration are removed
from the inventory, but are not repunched with negative rates. Instead they
are included as the first of two 'SRCE' packages. The concentrations due to
the first are computed and tabulated, and then, using 'COMPUTE' operations,
entered as negative values into the RCONB array. The concentrations due to
the second 'SRCE' package, representing the alternate configuration are then
computed and tabulated, and again using 'COMPUTE' operations, added to the
RCONB array, which is then tabulated. This procedure, although more compli-
cated in deck setup has the advantage that absolute values for existing and
alternative configurations are presented, as well as the differential effect.
3.3.6 Estimation of Running Times
Of all the programs in the AQUIP system, MARTIK is the only one which
may require large computation times. This is due to the fact that the pro-
gram must accumulate the weighted concentration due to each source, wind
direction, stability class, and wind-speed for each receptor and pollutant.
These computations are structures within a set of "loops" (subroutine LOOPS).
The highest frequency loop is referred to in the program as a "cycle". It
is the number of cycles, together with the single-cycle execution time (which
depends upon the source type and the computation parameters) which determines
the total running time. Tests are made in the program to make sure that
null or redundant computations are avoided. Specifically, all wind conditions
for which the frequency of occurrence is zero, are bypassed, as are source
receptor orientations such that the receptor is upwind of the source. The
loop over wind speed is not computed for sources with a zero "plume-rise
factor", since in this case the transfer function simply scales inversely
259
-------
as the wind speed. Similarly, the loop over pollutant only occurs if decay
half-lives are specified, since only in this case is the transfer function
dependent upon pollutant. Hence the "cycle count" may be interpreted as the
number of non-zero and non-redundant computations involving a single source-
receptor concentration and a single meteorological condition. Single-cycle
execution times for line and area sources are dependent upon the parameter
NCOMP, which specifies the maximum number of sub-elements into which each
source is divided for integration purposes. The following table gives the
approximate single-cycle execution times for NCOMP=5 as determined for the
IBM 360/65:
Source Type
Point
Line
Area
Single-Cycle
Execution Time
(msec)
2.6
6.5
605
The estimated number of cycles, C, in a run is
C = NS x NR x M
(3-6)
where NS is the number of sources, NR the number of receptors, and M the
mean number of meteorological conditions for which an independent computation
occurs. Estimates of M may be made from the following table:
260
-------
POINT
(typical)
LINE AREA
(typical)
LINE AREA
(maximum)
Single Wind
Condition
~ 1/16
-1/8
1
Wind Rose -
No Plume Rise
5
6-12
80
Wind Rose with
Plume Rise
30
~ 60
480
where the maximum conditions apply when all receptors receive a contribution
from all sources for all wind directions considered. As an example, an
actual MARTIK run with the Newark 10-year average annual wind rose involved
100 receptors and 75 line sources. A total cycle count of 89240 (M=11.9)
and a total cpu time on the IBM 360/65 of 9 minutes and 22 seconds
(562 seconds).
NOTE that increased precision results from using higher values of
NCOMP for line and area sources, but at the expense of sharply increased
running times. The chief effect of increasing NCOMP is to reduce the residual
"ripple" or computation noise which occurs with small displacements in recep-
tor position. An increase in NCOMP to 50 results in about 10% increase in
computed values, and about a factor of 5 increase in cycle time. Increasing
NCOMP to 100 has little effect on the computed values, but doubles the cycle
time for NCOMP=50. The value NCOMP=5 was selected as the best compromise
between accuracy and speed of computation on the basis of sensitivity tests
performed as a part of the model validation procedure. This value was used
for all validation runs and all 1990 plan runs. The final calibration factors
used in the study were based on this value of NCOMP.
261
-------
3.4 Numbered Error Messages
The following table constitutes the set of conditions checked in the
present level of implementation of the MARTIK program, listed by routine,
number and cause:
INPUT
10 Unexpected '99999' encountered in job stream
80 Control card keyword cannot be identified.
800 Unexpected End-of-File encountered.
INA
20 TMIN.TMAX or XMIN specified out of range.
25 Unit to be rewound lies in invalid range 5-7.
45 Invalid output data set number.
800 Card read error in namelist 5INPUT.
900 End of deck detected while reading namelist &INPUT; no SEND card
in namelist; §INPUT card read as comments card or missing; mis-
punched namelist parameter.
INB
120 Attempt to exceed 100 receptors; given receptor number outside
range 1-100.
210 For 'RCAL' or 'VALUES' packages, referenced receptors must have
been previously read in with a 'POINTS' package.
240 More than 100 entries in Receptor output table for 'RCAL' or
•VALUES' package.
600 Same as 240.
710 Pollutant names on second card of 'VALUES' package don't agree with
those of QNAM array.
262
-------
INC
100
104
120
130
220
350
Type 1 wind rose requires a "1" in column 10 of the first card.
Constants C, or D for plume dispersion coefficient SIGZ must be
positive and non-zero.
Stability class specified outside range 1-5.
Wind direction class specified outside range 1-16.
Wind frequency must be positive or zero; negative value detected.
Wind rose is not normalized; total frequency of occurence is not
within 1% of normalization constant.
IND
10
20
110
122
420
INE
20
Invalid logical unit number for emissions data set; negative or
zero value detected.
Invalid logical unit number for emissions data set: one of the fol-
lowing detected: 3,4,6 or 7.
Invalid same type.
Emission factors not implemented in this version.
For 'GRID' input package, pollutant names don't match those speci-
fied for program, with QNAM parameter.
Invalid carriage-control character detected in column 15 of a com-
ments card: must be 'b','0','1'. ('b' = blank).
LOOPS
10
12
30
1100
Invalid logical unit number for emissions data set: negative or
zero value detected.
Invalid logical unit number for emissions data set: one of the
following detected: 3,5,6, or 7.
Type parameter for emissions source lies outside range (l=point,
2=line, 3=area).
Instantaneous mode not implemented in this version.
OUTPUT
20 Attempt to exceed 100 entries in output table.
263
-------
3.5 MARTIK Test Cases
Three MARTIK test cases were run. The first two test cases are part
of the system of runs for evaluation of the land use. The third MARTIK
run is provided to demonstrate a feature of MARTIK which is not used in
the system of runs.
The first MARTIK run creates the background VALUES. This means the
concentration values due to all the sources outside the region of interest.
In this test case the background source used is a large area source, cen-
tered at 580.5, 4517.5, a square 5 km on a side. This represents a general
course of pollutants which will be independent of the land use plan being
considered. In other circumstances the background source(s) could be a
city, a general population region, or other emissions source external to the
land use plan. The concentration values resulting from the background
sources are saved for further use.
The next MARTIK run is the run to complete the evaluation of the land
use plan under evaluation. The specially calculated emissions from highways,
incinerator, etc. are used to obtain the concentration due to them. The
land use plan emissions are also input to determine concentrations. The
sum of the background concentrations from the previous run, the special
concentrations and the land use concentrations is output in another VALUES
package for use in later programs. This output is the total air quality
due to all the sources. The receptors used for the test case are shown in
Figure
The third MARTIK run demonstrates the ability to run a single weather
condition. In this case the same complete emissions are used; but the
calculations are set to give the resulting concentrations under a single
weather condition. This would be done when there is interest in knowing
the concentrations that would result from some especially interesting
weather conditions.
3.5.1 MARTIK Test Case 1
The MARTIK test case #1 is a run to create a background VALUES package
holding the pollutant concentrations at the receptors chosen,, due to back-
ground sources.
264
-------
Ui
4522
452! --
4520
578
A
579
— MART/K Receptor Location
Figure 44 Base Map With Martik Receptors
-------
Job Control Language
MARTIK resides on a load library. For this run only four datasets
will be required.
FT06 is the print file.
FT09 is the run-log dataset that must be included for every run of
any program in the AQUIP system.
Fill is a temporary dataset that is used to hold the source information
in internal form.
FT12 is a card-image dataset that will hold a VALUES package that will
be created in this run.
Keyword Package Input
The first package is the PARAMETERS package providing the following
parameter values:
The pollutant names are : 'CO1 and 'NO '.
A
2 pollutants are being modeled.
The output units are 'PPM' and !UG/M**3', respectively.
The REACT conversion from g/m are 846. and 1.0 E + 6, respectively.
UNIT (1), where the source data is held, is unit 11.
UNIT (2), used for the optional VALUES output, is unit 12.
NCOMP = 5 for reduced calculation time.
TMIN =0.2, TMAX =7.0 for reduced calibration time.
XMIN =10., and
The RCON package will create the optional VALUES package on the output
unit after calculating the values for each receptor because OUTP=.TRUE..
See Section 3.2.1 of the Task 5 Report for a description of the PARAMETERS
package.
Page 1 of the output tabulates all the information that was input in
PARAMETERS or that defaulted.
266
-------
Following the PARAMETERS package POINTS package was used to set the
locations where concentrations are to be calculated. The coordinate system
of the receptors and sources must be the same. In this case UTM coordinates
are being used. As can be seen in the list of receptors on page 2, six
receptors were specified. All six were at ground level. See Figure 44 for the
locations.
Next, the meteorological data is input using a standard MARTIK wind
rose. The form of a wind rose is described in Section 3.2.5. The print, on
pages 3 through 7 tabulates the probability of occurrence for each we;, ther
condition. Each page has the values for one stability class, and the Table
1 gives the occurrence for each wind direction and wind speed within that
stability class. This wind rose is an annual wind rose, so the frequencies
of occurrence are the annual average frequency of occurrence for each of
the weather conditions.
A COMPUTE 1 is used to establish the form of the wind variation with
height. The equations that are used for wind variation with height are
given in Section 3.3.1. Page 8 gives the reference height where the wind
measurement were taken, and the exponent to be used for variation with
height. Section 3.3.1 describes how these are input. If this compute 'iad
not been used the program would have assumed that there was no variation
of wind speed with height.
Ths source data is then input with a SRCE package, see Section 3.? 7.
In this case the background concentrations are due to one large area sour .e
centered at, 580.5, 4517.5, which is 5 km on each side. The emissions rate
for the two pollutants is input. This information is stored on the tempor-
ary file on FT11. All previous sources on FT11 are deleted before the new
ones are added; SRCE packages replace rather than add to one another.
The page 9 print lists the characteristics of the sources input.
With weather data, source data, and receptors present, the calcula-
tions can be performed by the keyword RCON. The methods used are described
in the Task 2 Report. RCON first tallies a list, on page 10, of each
source that has been considered for concentration calculations at each
receptor. The COUNT information gives cycle counts that can be used to
estimate program run time after some experience on the computer being used.
The emissions that were calculated for each source are tallied to permit a
user error check.
267
-------
Page 11 is the table output by RCON giving the final calculated CO and
NO concentrations at each receptor. The units for each pollutant are the
A
output units that were specified in the PARAMETERS package. For each
receptor the locations and concentrations are tabulated. Because OUTP=.TRUE,
a VALUES package is created by RCON. As indicated on page 11, it is output
on 12, UNIT (2)=12. This package begins with a VALUES keyword card which
identifies the MARTIK run number and the date of creation. This permits
later identification of the exact run which created the VALUES package.
Then, using the receptors that have been specified and using output units
the values for each pollutant receptor are created on unit 12 in card
image form. This package conforms completely to the description of a
VALUES package in Section 3.2.4.
With the VALUES package created there now is a VALUES package in the
file FT12, DSNAME=VALUES, which holds the values due to the background
sources. This information can be input into any following run which wants
it. This was the purpose of the MARTIK run.
The run is terminated by an ENDJOB keyword.
3.5.2 MARTIK Test Case 2
This test case illustrates the use of the emissions data set executed
in LANTRAN test case 2, together with other information input on cards, to
generate the total air quality for this configuration.
Job Control Language
MARTIK resides on a program load module library at ERT. After the
STEPLIB cards, the JCL describes the datasets needed in this test case.
FT06 is a print file.
FT09 is the run-log dataset that must be included for any run of a pro-
gram in the AQUIP system.
FT11 is a temporary dataset where sources are held. This file must be
provided for any run of MARTIK.
FT12 is a dataset that holds a VALUES package which was created in a
previous run. In this case, it is the background VALUES created in test
case #1, the Area Sources Background.
268
-------
//iR7M»cK3 JOB t S8to*iioooo , eR7.«, 10 1, —.Mnp.ere.ti ••••—•«,
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PARAMETERS «ARTt« TOT CA8E «1 (ANNUAL KINO ROM)
IINPUT
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.000018
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,007192
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.019178
.022260
.011101
.007192
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,011726
.007877
.023288
.008562
.017808
.0188)6
.012129
.008219
.008961
.001151
.005117
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.001712
.000689
.000689
.000689
.002055
.000689
.006161
.007192
.012671
,013699
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.006161
.001110
BACKGROUND
,0
.0
.0
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.011699
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ANNUAL
.0
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
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70000100
70000200
70000100
70000100
70000500
70000600
70000700
70000800
70000900
70001000
70001100
70001100
70001100
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70001600
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ReCIDNAL BACKGROUND
580.5
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5.0
3.0
Figure 45 MARTIK Test Case 1 Deck Setup
269
-------
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NUHBER 8C»LE U IOLC U HCTCRI
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M4NE
Figure 46 MARTIK Test Case 1 Printed Output
270
-------
ten
"•»tIN TIKV4RT DIFFU9ION MODELING PROGR4M
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TnTAL FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE,CL>99 I • 0,00117
15 JOI1 MARTIN 7IKVART 0!FF(l9inN MflOFLlNG PROGRAM VF.R9ION 1,5 (710209)
IS FER 1971
STABILITY CL>99 2
TOO.O, >TR<
• IUD9XFI) CL»33
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is ion
TOTAL FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE, CL«99 2
MARTIN TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM
STABILITY CLASS 1
KIMD9PEED
• 0,0)190
VERSION 1.9 (7)0209) 1) FfB 1971
OM«> 700,0, «TR« 1906.1
CLASS
PAGE 5
HIND
DIR,
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Figure 46 Contd.
271
-------
15 JOli
MARTIN TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM
VIRSION 1,1 (730ZOB)
i)
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IS 101!
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TflTAL FREQUENCY OF nconnriCE^CUSS
IN TIKVAR7 DIFFUSION HDDFLING "tlCRl"
0,*1712
1,5 (7)0208)
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15 1011
TOT»L FREQUENCY UF OCCURRENCE.CL»8S 5 • 0,25)1?
T1T1L FREQUENCY OF OCCUBdtNCE• C|_»S3E8 1 TO 5 • 0,****8
"407IN 7I«v»Pt DIMUSICm "ODfLINC MHBR«» VERSION 1,5 (730208)
13 FER 1*71
Cn»»U7»TIONS PERFORMED SY ROU7TNE
Z1* 6,00 EXPONEN7* 0,20000
(UNIT 5)
15 1013
MARTIN TI«V«BT DIFFUSION MODELING 'RO<>R"*
VERIION 3,5 (7)0208)
I) FCB 1*71
SOURCE INPUT DATA
ARM SOURCE BACKGROUND
(UNIT 5)
REGIONAL BACKGROUND
NO* 1 TYPEsA COOElNONE
COORDS* 380,50 1517.50 5,00 5,00 HFIOHT* 0,0
EMISSIONS'-' CO • 2.000E>06 NOX • l,500t-07
SOURCE COUNT* 1
TRANSFERRED TO UNIT 11
0,0
15 101)
HARTIN TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING p»nGRA»
VERSION 3,5 (7)0108)
13 FIB 1*71
'•St 10
ARM SOURCE BACKGROUND
SOURCE TOTAL EMISSION RATES I" GM/SCC
NUMSfR COUNT
1 0
A
TOTALS
CO
5.000E 01
5.000E 01
NOX
6,HOf 00
6.HOE 00
(UNIT II)
Figure 46 Contd.
272
-------
IS 1011
"•RTIN TIKVJRT DIfFuSION BOOfLING P»nS»»M
(71020O
II FE8 l»7u
ARITHMETIC MEAN PnLLilTiNT CONC|NT»»TION8
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FNO OF PROGRAM,
Figure 46 Contd.
273
-------
FT13 is a dataset that holds a SRCE package created by LANTRAN (test
case #2) which holds point sources and a GRID emissions package. This parti-
cular dataset holds the ANNUAL emissions created by LANTRAN.
FT14 is a dataset which will hold the calculated concentrations at each
receptor. It will be a VALUES package.
NOTE: The units need not have been 12, 13, and 14. If other unit
numbers had been given in the keyword cards and PARAMETERS other units
would be used.
Keyword Package Input
The first package used is a PARAMETERS package, see Section 3.2 of
the Task 5 Report. The input specifies the following changes from the
defaults:
The pollutant names are: 'CO' and 'NO '
A
2 pollutants are being modeled.
The output units are 'PPM' and 'UG/M**3', respectively.
The RFACT conversion from g/m are &46. and 1.0 E + 6, respectively.
UNIT (1), where the source data is held, is unit 11.
UNIT (2), used for the optional VALUES output, is unit 14.
NCOMP = 5 for reduced calculation time.
TMIN =0.2, TMAX =7.0. for reduced calculation time.
XMIN =10., and
the C coefficient in determining
-------
Next, a METD package inputs a standard MARTIK stability wind-rose,
see Section 3.2.5. Pages 3 through 7 give a complete listing of the
frequency of occurrence for each weather condition.
This run is making use of the correction for wind variation with
height, described in Section 3.3.1. This is done with a COMPUTE 1, see
Section 3.3.1.
If this had not been done, the values of Z , and EX would have remained
at their default of zero, indicating no variation of wind with height.
This run indicates that the wind measurements were taken at 6 meters and
the wind variation is a power law with an exponent of .2.
A SRCE package with two background sources, are POINT and one LINE-
is input following the COMPUTE 1. These fit the SRCE description, Section
3.27. The inputs are echoed on page 9 of the output. They are temporarily
stored on unit 11 in internal form.
With receptors, weather and sources present, RCON is input to per-
form the calculations. The page 10 of the output gives the cumulative
interation count and total emissions for each source. The iteration count
can be used to estimate CPU time requirements after a little experience
with the facility being used. The emissions provide a check for possiole
errors in input. Page 11 tabulates the results of the calculations for
each receptor.
Using the prediction methodology described in the Task 2 Report, t-.A T K
calculates the annual average concentration at each receptor due to the
sources previously input. The tabulation indicates the receptor number,
location, and the concentration for each pollutant, in the appropriate
units.
A PARAMETERS package follows, setting RSTORE=.TRUE., the permit storage
of the resulting values for each receptor. Page 12 indicates the change.
The concentration values will be stored by RSTORE from the receptor
concentration array RCON into the background array RBKG.
The COMPUTE 3 takes the values saved in RBKG and sets the work array
RCONB equal to them. A COMPUTE 2 then zeroes RBKG.
At this stage the concentrations due to the two sources input are in
RCOMB. The background array RBKG is zero.
The next package is a SRCE package that uses the emissions calculated
in the LANTRAN test case 2. By specifying IC=13 on the SRCE keywork card
275
-------
the program is instructed to look on FT 13 for the SRCE package it will
use for the source date. FT 13 is the dataset EMISS1 earlier created by
LANTRAN. Note that 1C was positive; if some "cards" had already been
read off 13, the SRCE package would look at the next "card" in order on
this unit. If 1C had been -13 the unit would have been rewound to the
beginning, and then a SRCE package expected.
LANTRAN creates a SRCE package titled: LANTRAN season POINT AND
GRIDDED AREA SOURCE DATA, or GRIDDED AREA SOURCE DATA, depending on whether
any point sources had been selected. In the LANTRAN test case ft2 one point
source was selected, and it is listed in the SRCE listing on page 15.
Next, and finally, the GRID package is read. The GRID format is
described in Section 2.2.5. First the gird is defined, then the values
for the emissions in each grid cell. The results of these reads are pre-
sented on page 15. The output from LANTRAN has now been read into MARTIK
and resides in MARTIK internal form on FT11. NOTE: while GRID input gives
2
emissions in gm/(SCALE UNIT), the SRCE tally on page 15 was gm/m .
An RCON is then executed. Using the new set of emissions from LANTRAN,
concentrations are calculated for each of the receptors. The cycle count
and emissions are printed on page 16, and the final resultant values are
tabulated on page 17. RSTORE was set to .TRUE, before this run,.the values
for each receptor are also stored in RBKG. These values are those due to
the ANNUAL emissions calculated by LANTRAN.
A PARAMETERS package follows the RCON. This sets OUTP =.TRUE. The
other parameters remain unchanged. From this point on any RCON or COMPUTE
9 will produce output in VALUES form on UNIT(2), 14.
A COMPUTE 4 is used to take the values just calculated, in RBKG, and
add them to the previously calculated values in RCONB (which are zero in
this case).
Next, an RCAL package is used to set the values in the RCAL array,
see Section 3.2.3. This sets the calibration factor to be applied to the
values for each receptor and pollutant. Page 20 gives a print of the values
input. It signifies the fact that the calibrations apply to all receptors
by giving a receptor number *****.
After inputing calibrations, the general background concentrations are
input in a VALUES package, see Section 3.2.4. The VALUES package resides
in card image form on the dataset VALUES, FT12, specified by IC=12.
276
-------
The VALUES were created in the MARTIK test case #1. The pollutant output
units were ppm, and yg/m in case #1, as they are in this test case. The
output units should correspond for both the creating and reading runs to
obtain the proper values.
On page 21, the VALUES input are tabulated. These values are the back-
ground concentrations created in MARTIK test case #1, now in the RBKC array
of MARTIK in tast case #2.
Another COMPUTE 4 is used to take these background values in RBKG,
add them to the previously calculated concentration in RCONB, due to the "-
local emissions, and store the result in RCONB. Then a COMPUTE 2 fc.'owsu
by COMPUTE 6 zero the RBKG and then the RCON arrays. This is done to clear
the RCON array for future use. ;
The COMPUTE 8 takes the total of concentration due to the many sources,
RCONB, multiplies it by the calibration factors input in the RCAL package,
and places the results in RCON. Now RCON contains the calibrated concentra-
tions due to all the sources.
The COMPUTE 9 tabulates the final, calibrated concentration, and,
because OUTP=.TRUE., creates a VALUES package on FT14. Both the tabulation
and VALUES package use PPM, and ug/m for CO and NO units. The VALbLJ
A
package begins with a keyword card VALUES with a title indicating the
MARTIK run number and date of creation, followed by cards obeying the
VALUES format.
The MARTIK run is then terminated with an ENDJOB.
3.5.3 MARTIK Test Case 3
This test case demonstrates the calculation of the contravention values
that occur in a specific weather condition. Using the same sources as in
the previous test case, it calculates the concentrations that would occur
under neutral stability, class 4, with a southwest wind in the lowest wind-
speed class. The difference between this test case and test case #2 are:
A different METD package.
Slight changes in PARAMETERS.
This run will not create any VALUES package for later use.
277
-------
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i n.n
1 3UM
l
1 0.011167
l n,nt56oi
i o.nnoisu
i o.nnji?7
i •,ono|76
1 0.0059??
1 O.n06911
l n.pns<3??
1 0,0?6161
l o.o?i600
i o.nlnso5
1 0. M71B9
' o..,?sini
i n , n * - i oh
l n , nni*inl
1 n, 0051 57
1 0.?S1'I?S
1
1
,
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
,
1
,
t
1
1
1
1
1
TtiTH fHtoot»iCv »F ncC"P»»EMCE»CL*SS S • n.^Slfl?
THT*l FWtrjuE*rY UF nn:nWHFstE.Cl>SStS 1 Tn S • ft.999QB
HtRTI1*- TlKVikT I) IFF US 11 IN "
-da i ivpfcsH tuorBNn-^E
CrifiHDRB SHO.SO «S|7.SO
« i.nflni- PI
(IIM1 5)
MH<;NT« n.o
i ivut-Bi c'"^ •'iii'Jt tiNf R*c«GHnn»Jn
kf»s» s/fi.oo «Stb,oo SH3,oo «s?n,no HI- IG«T» P,n
SSHUiS**- C<< a?.SnOr--1?»J()X si).OOOF-0^
HCf CfHJMT* ?
MSFI' PUF.n TO H*Jl T 11
:<«UT|U M«VART OlFFoSIM
i.S
I'I! I'll 1 I 1 Ml- RACM>Emil>xi)
S'lnWr.F l'»T«L Ml SSI ON M* H S 1^ R^/SFC
'i.ftnofno
1. 71-st l>?
I.HOHF
i.onflt'M
?.8?Hf ni
1 UFffPTIIH
1 Nil-HFX
> 1
1 t
1 1
1 0
1 S
1 h
K-CTIUD
sr«u J
S71.5
571.-.
510.5
510.5
51?. S
58?. s
v-cnrmr
SC«LF u
0520.5
OS2J.5
oS2n ,s
05??. 5
0520. S
05??. S
HEK.MT 1
HFTFRS 1
0,0 1
n,n i
0,0 1
0,0 1
0,0 1
0.0 1
rn
PPM
0.009?
0,0061
1.016S
0,1101
0,0106
0,0125
1 WI1V 1
i !in/M..i i
1 ?,?l?o 1
i i.siun i
1 0.7976 1
1 ?.10?? 1
1 7.7K06 1
1 ?.9?ll 1
F«IO Of BUN. fYCLl CnilNI« I 72
Figure 48 Contd.
283
-------
JOZ1 HARTIN TIKVAPT DIFFUSION HOOEL.INB PROORA" VERSION 1,5 <710JO»)
SAVf CONCENTRATIONS IN THE 'RBKG' ARRAV (UNIT 5)
it *P9 1»7»
MODE,
PnuuTANT'CO , NOX ,
UNITS' PPH ,UU/N««3 ,
FACTORS' e.«6f 01, l.OOE 06,
COORDINATE SCALE UNIT (MCTERS)i 1000,000
STABILITY CLASS* 1, 2, 1, II, S,
WINP DIRECTION CLASS' |, i, \, a, S, 6, 7, I, 9,1 0 ,11, 12,11,1II, IS, 1 6.
KINOSPFCD CLASS' I, 2, 1, u, S, 6,
»I»0 JPFH>« 0,«9, 2,116, '»,37, 6,9J, 9,61, 12,52,
3HHRCF. INPUT UNIT' II
STATISTICAL OUTPUT'
smut RESULTS' r
MUTPIIT RtSULlfl' F
C!F>MCIF*JT A
intFFICUNT M
CHFFF ICHNt f
STAKH IT» CLASS
1
•-'.«?
1 .
n.flho
0,11.9
(1
0. JUS
0.6*0
1 ,07u
S
0,«I3
o,s»o
1,010
NfiMpi b, TM|'J« ''.oooE-olp TMAX* 7.onflF no, ¥«TNB i.onnf 01
MAHTT-i TI»VAPT IMFFuSinN MnOFLT^C. P9nr,P,AM
\/[RSinN i,s' (/io?ofl)
2? ACP I97«
(/EMS1HN 4.S (71n?0fl)
?? APM |97U
mulT'ir- t
Mil.t IS
LA'Tirf,1- *^.'IAI pniM Aivn r.Hnnfn A«FA RHUDCE HATA
ShF no NfU « ?.lil?F
?. /O
io rnot s?ooi
HFir.rtTi in.5
* SM> ss l.nn x t.nn
in«n.on
in
11
i?
1!
•). 1 flhF -ni*
S,H1?F-nfl
7,?l *.F -n7
?,OllSt-07
i.aOOF.OK
7,61U-n 7
1 . S 91 E - n R
SIIIIWCE ri'i"i7z
n KM t 1 1
VFHSIHN S.S
AHFA snowcF PATA
10
11
I?
II
1"
IS
16
!(,«
•>97
11 in
1?I5
*ATF5 IN r.x/SFC
Cll
^.'(ShF 00
7,«78F.01
*> , " 1 1F-0 S
U,n9;F.O!
S.176F-0?
•, , t,bhf .oa
2,7^tF 00
a, IOIF no
,>,,*«"IE-02
5,9«(IE"0 1
1.509E-0'
b.O?!E.OJ ll.70«E*Ot
5,B05f 01 S,'i79E on
284
Figure 48 Contd.
"
-------
15 102) MARTIN TIKVART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM
YER5ION 1,1 (710209)
22 APR ItTU
PAGE 17
ARITHHET1C MCtN POLLUT«NT CONCtNTfliTIDNS
COORDINATE SCALE UNIT (BCTEBSH 1000,000
1 RECEPTOR
1 NUMBER
1 |
1 I
1 )
1 I, {, \, a, S, 6,
na O.A9, 2.1b. 4,<17, h,9if 9,6t» 1?,52*
S'lUBCE INPUT |INIT« II
STATISTICAL 'IIITPuTl F
STnRfr OFStlLTS« T
OUTPUT Pt3ULT3« T
OUTPUT UNIT* 10
C.'iEFFTCIlNT A
ri'EFFKIf "T rt
CMtFMCIINT C
1 .100
0.07?
Sr«PU MY CL»SS
0,097
I,It"
a S
0.308 1,011
0.680 -1.SAO
1.070 1,l>|0
0.68? 0.55"
*>C'>*Pl S, TMT*« (•.OHOF .01 , TMAXe 7,flOO* 00, KMIMB l,0flflf 01
»j HKVAPT I1IFFI.ISIMN MflOFLINT. PROGRAM vF.RSln«l 1,5 (730?0«)
pm'fiiRMtn HY
M«PIIN TI«V«RI
DN..ANNUAL CALIBRATION FACTORS
i HFctPToh i X.CI'IORO i v.rnnRn i HEIGHT i en
I NIIMRtR I SCALF J I SC»Lt II I "MFCS I
I •
I 0.0 I
TIKVART 2IFFUSIMN MlinH.ING PROGRAM
n.n i (i,o i 1,9500 i O.MPO i
VCRSIHN J.5 (7JO?0») ft AHB |07U
HACKGW'.IUND CftNCENTRAT InMS
KARTIK HUN 3(113 PATE 13 Ff.B 1970
I RFCEPTI.IK I «.COORD
I NUMBER I SCALE J
Y.COORC I HEIGHT I CO
SCALE U I "FTERS I PPM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
f.
1
U
•i
h
'"", S79*i"
1 578.5
1 590.5
I 580. S
1 59?. 5
1520
1522
1520
1522
4S20
152?
.5 1
.5 1
.S 1
.5 1
. 5 '
.5 1
0,0 1
0,0 1
0,0 i
0.0 1
0.0 1
0.0 1
0.0050 1
0.0024 1
0.0075 1
0.003) 1
0.009? 1
0.0039 1
0
0
1
(1
1
0
.7996
. 5150
, 1 G7tl
,188t
,?I6S
.*««
1
1
1
1
1
1
Figure 48 Contd.
285
-------
IS 30?} "ARTIN TIKVABT DIFFUSION KnOILlNG PROGRAM
VER8IDN 3,5 (750208)
(UNIT 5)
RBKCtRC()NB>>RCONB
COMPUTATIONS PER'FORMtO BY ROUTINE
IS 3025 MARTIN TIKI/ART DIFFUSION MODELING PROGRAM
VERSION 3.S (7SOJ08)
(UNIT S)
OORBKG
CnxPuT»TID>J3 PER'KIDHEO BY R3UTTNI
IS J0?5
TI«V«PT
S PRHGR4H
VFRJIMN 5,5 (750?0d)
(UNIT S)
IS 50?5
cn«Pur»TinNS
I'. TIKV4RI
MODELING PRf)rtP*M
VERSION 5.S (750J08)
(IIN1I S)
it «PR l«7u
15 3025
llMS PtD'HIKMEO ilv P'.llJTINf
IN TlKVARt OlFF'jSinN MMOFLING
TABI'LATf
cm-Pi'TAI Mxs PF«'K)RMF'i «Y pn
IN TI«v/ART DIFFUSION MfinElINR
UFRSION J.S (7J020»)
fllNlT S)
IS
VFRSIOM 3.S (7J0208)
t'f «PU 1970
MhAN PtlLUi'TANT CONCENTRATIONS
SCALE UNIT (MFTF.USH lono.ono
«(• Ct PTilft
lUtlMRFP
1
^
3
H
s
h
SCALE J
S7B.5
S7B.5
seo!1!
5«2.5
S8?,b
Y-COMRP
SCALF h
oSJois
05??, S
HFIGHT 1 TO
MFTFRS 1 PP«
0,0 1 O.OS7S
0,0 I o,nS56
0,0 1 0 ,OMK
0,0 i o.oass
NUK
HG/M..I
i!l2l7
0,0759
6,5000
S.I 10b
PFCfPTTP CH'.Cf NTPAIiniS TLi'PIIT TO TAPt III REGT^JMlVG' SFOHENCE NUMBFP 5n?3(l'l?0
FNl) OF PROGRAM,
Figure 48 Contd.
286
-------
Job Control Language
The datasets needed are exactly the same as in test case #2, with
the following exception. Because no VALUES package is being created,
FT14 is not needed.
Keyword Package Input
The first package used is a PARAMETERS package. It specifies:
The pollutant names are : 'CO' and 'NOX'.
2 pollutants are being modeled.
The output units are 'PPM' and 'UG/M**3', and RFACT is set accordingly.
UNIT(l), for internal storage of sources, is unit 11.
NCOMP, TMIN, TMAX, are set for computation efficiency.
C is set to the values used for New Jersey.
STNDRD=.FALSE., indicating that this is NOT standard weather conditions,
NU=1 to use only the first windspeed class.
U(l)=0.89 m/sec, specifying the first windspeed class.
The last three items are the parameter changes to process the single
weather conditions.
The POINTS package is identical to that in the previous test case.
The METD is a non-standard METD. It does fit the description given
in Section 3.2.5. Only one frequency card is provided. It sets the fre-
quency of stability class 4, southwest wind, wind speed class 1 to 1..
All other values remain zero. Pages 3 and 4 tabulate the resulting
windrose. The frequency of occurrence for all but stability class 4 is zero.
These other stability classes are not tabulated, but merely listed as having
a zero frequency of occurrence. The stability class 4 tabulations shows the
zero frequency of occurrence for all but the one wind direction and speed
chosen. Next a COMPUTE 2 is used to specify the variation of wind speed
with height.
The point and line background sources are input as in the previous test
cases.
RCON is run. Because the only weather condition with a non-zero fre-
quency of occurrence is the one specified, the resulting concentrations, on
page 8, are the concentrations that occur during that weather condition, due
to these sources.
287
-------
After calculating the values a PARAMETERS with RSTOR=.TRUE. is used
to move the concentrations from RCON into RBKG. Then a. COMPUTE 3 and
COMPUTE 2 move RBKG into RCONB and zero RBKG.
As in the previous test case SRCE package, RCON, PARAMETERS with
RSTOE=.TRUE. are used. OUTP is left .FALSE, so that a VALUES package will
not be created by RCON or COMPUTE 9.
From this point on the COMPUTE'S, and RCAL are the same as in the pre-
vious test case. The net result is that the output of COMPUTE 9, on page
24, is the concentration under the specified weather condition that would
result from the given configuration of sources. These values are not annual
average.
288
-------
//I»TN»C«J JOB !B8202«00000,ERT«,IOI,.-.,»KFE'E,»|9— •—••-,«» 10 >,»«,»
// "»GLEVtl«l,CL»9S«e
/•P»»l«t COPIEI»0)
//««»TI» t«EC PQM.MA»TIK.RFOIOU«1ZOK,TIMt.J
//9TEPI.IB 00 OSN.NJMART<«»»TIK)iOIIP«OlO,
// UNIT.STSPV, VQL'fP'lVATf ,»ETA1N,SE»"AI«MAP)
//FTOtrofll 00 9Y9nUT.«,OCB»C«teP»«PB«.I.RfCl.«IJJ.«ll<«m«IJ«»>
//FTo«poni oo nsN.cVtLUrt,D]9»«nLD,
// UNI TO»9PV,VIU«( PRIVATE , RE TAIN, 8EP.«« I MAP)
//mjFodl DO 09N>EMISM,OI9P«(1LD,
// U"IT»S»SPV,vnL-IV.Tt,l!ETA!N,«E"«AI«HAP>
//TTOSPOOI DO •
P»R»«fTFRS H1RTIK IE9T O9C •> ( UNIDIDECT ION»L «t"0 ROSf )
ItNPUT
Wm\,
9TNORO»>»Lat..
ttND
2 579. 5
> 5B0.5
^ 1B2.5
6 5BJ.5
I Ton.
o It 1,0
COHPUTE
9RCE
POINT
6.0
SBO.S
a.o
5T8.0
OD*?, OUNIT»'PP"' > 'UG/»««?'
.n«, xcciHPn, THINIO,}, T"t«iT.n, »"in«io,0r
0. I ,IJTO,1.010,0«l,iJO,l.??0,l.OIO,0.»8J,0.!l«,
TE8T RtCtPTOR OR10
«51H.!
«S??.^
«•!»». 5
liNlnl«ECT10N»L
O.i
POINT I LINE BACKGROUND
POINT BACKGROUND
U5IT.5
10.n
.000
-i. o
inj.o
RCONB
COHPIITF t 7ERO 'RBKG1
9RCE 11 POINT I GRID SOURCES
RCON
PA»A«FTHRCONB
BCAL HACKEN9ACK P.EOI0""ANNIIAL CALIBRATION FACTOD9
CO NO»
fl«909
V>LUE9
COMPIITF
COHPUTE
COHPIITf
CO"PUT(
coxpUTr
FNOJOfl
/•EOF
12 AREA SOURCE BACKGROUND
PBKG»RCONB->Rcntltl
0>>RHKG
RBKG«>PCnN>0
RC«l*P.CON9>>RCnN
TABULATE
Figure 49 MARTIK Test Case 3 Deck Setup
289
-------
i? .Hits ( S«?lin?«'jnonf EWT--, 1 01 , ---, MKF EPE»?l<'-"------»U61 01 , XX, X JHH h?l
// «sr.Lfvn »i ,ci AS.ISR
•••PAB«S cnpus«n( AcrePTFi
//MAPI]* MK pr.K»,Tn««u^.Wvrf>1.KMTTfST('.POflOhOUV
IfF^HS!
IFf^HSI
win SF u MISS icsori i.
vftl nh «;
*< H Sr- W NilS± A 1 W^'AP,
I Sh W ^("Si 6 JWMAP,
/MAWT[K / STAHI /ft] It** 1 HO(J
IFF57UT STFP /HAfc'TTK / SH'M rull^.lHns CP'i
Ifr37ft! JPh /^WI!^ST?/ flTi'P 7ail?.lflPS CPU
ft*IM AM,
n»«iN n«,
Kf- PT
*FPT
nptr u r)
Kf PT
Kl PI
?TSM: "*
Figure 50 MARTIK Test Case 3 Printed Output
290
-------
BEGIN MARTIN TlKVAflT DIFFUSION MODELING PHOCRAM VERSION 1.5 LfvEL 7JOJO» RUN JOJU
T»8LE COUNT* HI
15 30?a MARTIN TI««»"t DIFFUSION XOOELING PROGRAM VERSION 1,5 (7JO?08) ?? APP. I»7« PAGF I
MART1K TF.3T C>3C M (UNIDIRECTIONAL HIND ROSE) (UNIT 5)
AVE'AGING "ODE,
POLLUTANTlCP , NOX ,
UNITS! PPM ,UG/M*M ^
F»CTO»3« 8.«6E 0?, I,OOF "6,
Cn[l»DIH«TE SCALE UNIT ("£TE»S1« 1000.000
3T1RH.ITV CL»93« 1, 2, 3, u, 5,
«lNn DIBFCTinw CLASSi 1, ?, i, a, S, (i, 7, B, 0,10,11,12,1 l,l«,15, I*,
kINns*tFD CL»33« I.
STATISTICAL H.'TPuT*
STI'Pt RESULTS*
OUTPUT BtSUI IS =
STABILITY Cl AS3
.nEFFTCHuT 1
HEFF1CIEM 1
flFFFICIfMT C
"t.M tCIfi' n
T?"Pr S, T*J
1
0.03?
1 .UOO
0.07?
l.??0
NB 2.000F .01 ,
?
1.007
l.i?n
0,07?
l.??0
THAXB 7.0(
1
0.H]
u
0, J«H
0.600
1,070
0.6H?
IN» 1,101
1.5
pTDW K-OI.1HO Y-C'ITOO HffGMT M*Mf
R,-M SC*(.t il 9CAL6 J MfTf^S
S7«,Sfi US^O.SO 0,0
S7«,so us^p.sr 0,0
SHn.SO US20,5(1 O.n
a SHO.SO a5??,5fl 0,0
5 sn?,sn os^n.so 0,0
^ s»?,sn us??.sn o.n
TT-VAWT PUFDMnN HtmFLl^G P^nfiPAM VFH.ttnM JfS f7JO?OH)
HF if ',D'ii inuc«i INPUT n«T
if in 1 01 r M..tN»i »i'Mi».ist
»|I) BM.St
F "Ps
nr nrruwpf S,CF»CI ASS i « o.o
i;F UCCu»wf\'CE«CL»as t s o.o
OF McrijwflmrE»ci. *.ss s o n.o
Figure 50 Contd.
291
-------
IS JO?U
"ARTIN TIKVART DIFFUSIHN MHDfLlNG PRDGRA"
VERSION 5.5 (7102011)
2? APR 19711
STABILITY CLA3S «
990.0, XTR«
117J.1
"INOSPEED CLA3S
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
KIND
DIP.
N
NNE
NC
FNF
E
E3F
Sf
SSF.
S
SSh
Sw
»3«
»
taN*
Nw
HU-
SH"
II 12
1 1
1 0.0 1 0.0
i o.o i o.o
1 0,0 1 0,0
1 0,0 1 0.0
1 0.0 1 0.0
i o.o t 0,0
1 0,0 1 0,0
i 0,0 i 0,0
1 0,0 1 0,0
1 0 , II 1 0,0
1 1,000000 1 0,0
1 0,0 ) 0,0
1 0.0 1 0.0
1 O.n 1 0,0
i n.n i o.o
i o.n i 0,0
1 1,000000 1 0,0'
1 ]
1
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0.0
1 0,0
I o.o
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
i 0.0
1 0.0
1 0,0
1 0.0
a
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
o.o
o.o
0,0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
1 5
1
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0,0
1 0.0
1 0.0
i o.o
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 6
1
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0,0
t 0,0
1 0.0
1 n.o
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0,0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0.0
1 0,0
i SUM i
i i
i 0,0 i
1 0,0 1
1 0,0 1
1 0,0 1
1 n , 0 l
1 0.0 1
10.0 1
10.0 i
1 n . n I
1 0.0 1
1 1.000000 1
i o.o i
I 0.0 1
1 0.0 1
1 0.0. 1
1 U.O 1
1 1,000000 1
riiAi. FMinuf«irv nt nccunRENce,CLASS u « 1,00000
TMTAL FREQUENCY lit tlCCUBPENCt,CLASS ? • 0,0
TOTAL FKEQijFNfv nt OCCURRENCE, Cl ASSE3 1 TCI •> • 1.00000
IN TIKVARI UIFFIISIHN xnoFLING PRnGMAH VERSIPN l,b (7J020H)
ft APR 19711
(UNIT
PM'FUHMFO HY
VFBSH1N J,S (710?OC)
2? APR 197U
SHO.SO
» d.OOOF 00 NHX
1.000! 01
TVPt&l. CODFvNONE LINE RACKGRPUND
s/fl.oo u^n.oo sm.oo «5?fi,oo
(l/NIl "i)
HF K;MT« o.o
HEIGMT« 0.0
P« 0.0
IS 10.x
EMISSIONS —
RI1UMCE CU'JNTa
TUAhSFEBR'll Til
1 HARTIN TKVAU! OIFF
Cn > 2.SOOE-0? NDX > U.OOOE-01
?
UNIT 11
U3I-.N -n,,n,NG P«nr,
HAH VERSION 1,5 f7»020») ?? AOP 107.1 HM.h 7
IS I0?u
TA|. E"I5SIIli
TYPE
L
T'lTALS 1.01HF 0?
S IN r.»/SEC
LP
M.OOOE 00
1./6HE 0?
MJUTI-. TI«V«PT 'ItFUlSI'lN
1 .OOOF 01
J.B^Rt 01
J,«?8t 01
F.ND n> RUN. r»ri>
"KAN PDULUTAf'T CINCi NTRATIDHS
SCALE UNIT tMETtRs)« looo.ooo
1 IJM»H(-
t 1
i a
1 \
1 «
i S
i
)R 1 n-CODRD 1
> 1 SCALE J 1
1 578,5 1
1 S78.5 1
l 5B0.5 1
1 S80.5 1
1 "id?. 5 1
1 'iff.'i 1
SCALE II 1
OS20."; i
11522. 5 1
U520.S l
US??. 5 1
U520.5 1
«5«.5 1
HFIGHT
MFTFQS
n.o
0,0
0,0
o.o
0,0
n.o
cn i Nt.iv i
PPM i m;/»*M i
0,0 1 0,0 >
0,0 i n.o i
0.0 1 0.0 1
0,0 I 0.0 1
o.t?« ) *7.?oo; i
n,m i o i ?,^« r» i
Figure 50 Contd.
292
-------
IS 502U
MARTIN TIKVAPT Diffusion HnDELING P»OS"«" VESSIPN 1,5 <7J020»>
SAVF CflNCENTPATIWS II THf 'BB2 APR 19711
AVERAGING MRnf,
PllLLUTANT«Cn , Nnx ,
UNITS" ppi .uc/"«»j ,
FACTORS! «,ut.E 02, I.OOF nt,
cnnPniNATE SCAUF UNIT (»fTFP.3)« looo.ooo
STABILITY CLASS! 1. 2. J, II, •), ijj
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293
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294
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295
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296
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4. IMPACT ANALYSIS PROGRAM (IMPACT) P3
4.1 Program Description
4.1.1 Introduction
The IMPACT program was written to enable data manipulations' to be
carried out over an ensemble of.elements, with the operations performed-on
an element-by-element basis. In the present application, the ensemble
takes the form of a two-dimensional grid, each cell of which is assigned a
value. Each such ensemble is referred to as a "gridded variable". The
process of air-pollution impact analysis involves many operations (arith-
metic and logical) involving two or more gridded variables. An example is
the comparison of air quality levels to standards. A gridded variable Z
might be "defined" by the arithmetic expression:
* (I,J) = X (I,J) /Y (I,J) (4-1)
where X is the mean air pollutant concentration and Y the standard. In
equation (4.1) the operation is performed for every cell of the grid
system; i.e., for every combination of the indices (I,J). In similar
fashion, a gridded variable L might be defined by the logical expression:
L (I,J) = X (I,J) .GT. Y (I,J)
(4-2)
in which L takes the value of unity if the expression is true, and zero
if false.
297
-------
The function of the IMPACT program is to allow operations such as
those of Equations (4-1) and (4-2) to be specified in a shorthand notation
at program run time, using a set of IMPACT 'OPERATIONS' statements. These
statements make up a simple "hyper-language" in which the manipulations
necessary to examine the results of air-quality computations may be
expressed. The operations of Equations (4-1) and (4-2), for example, may
be written in the form:
SET Z X / Y
SET L X GT Y
After execution of these two statements, each cell of gridded variable Z
contains the ratio of the air-pollution concentration in that cell to the
standard; L contains unity for every cell in which the standard is
exceeded and zero in all others. Additional operations allow interim
results of arithmetic or logical operations to be listed or plotted.
It is clear that the logic of the program consists of three simple
phases: (1) the definition of input grid variables (through the reading
of 'GRID' packages); (2) definition of new grid variables, or redefinition
of existing ones using IMPACT 'OPERATIONS' statements; and (3) tabulation
and/or plotting of resultant grid variables (and optionally creating
output "GRID" packages).
A grid of up to 400 cells may be specified, and up to 18 gridded
variables may exist at any one time in the program. These limitations are
imposed by storage requirements. The symbolic names of the variables are
defined by 'GRID' packages, or in OPERATIONS statements.
298
-------
Examples of symbolic names which might be .used in impact analysis are 'X-HC1
for "excess hydrocarbon concentrations" or 'HC*POP' for population exposure
to hydrocarbons.
4.1.2 Summary of the IMPACT Hyperlanguage
Each state in the IMPACT hyperlanguage is of the form:
MODE VAR1 VAR2 OP VAR3
where MODE represents one of a set of operation modes ('SET', 'LIST',
'PLOT', 'DELETE', 'REPLACE'), VAR1, VAR2, and VAR3 are sumbolic names
(up to 8-characters) of gridded variables, and OP is a symbol representing
an allowed arithmetic or logical operation. VAR2 and VAR3 are the two
"operand" variables, and VAR1 the "resultant" variable. Operands may
optionally be numeric constants. In the present version of the program,
the following modes are implemented:
SET Perform the operation indicated by OP upon VAR2 and VAR3
and place the result in VAR1.
LIST Tabulate all elements of grid VAR1 by row and column
PLOT Plot the grid VAR1, using plotting levels and symbols
entered using a PARAMETERS package.
DELETE Delete variable VAR1, and remove its name from the
symbol table.
REPLACE Reassign the name VAR1 to the values of grid VAR2, and
remove the name VAR2 from the symbol table.
Allowed operations include the set of arithmetic operations (symbols '+',
'-', '*', '/' and '**' and the logical operations ('GT', 'GE', 'EQ', 'LE1,
'LT', 'NE1, 'AND1, 'OR', and 'NOT').
299
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4.1.3 Keyword Package Summary
Program input is organized along the keyword package structure des-
cribed in Section 1.3. In the AQUIP version of IMPACT, the following key-
word packages have been implemented:
PARAMETERS
This card directs the reading of a parameter namelist § INPUT in
which all run options and computation parameters are specified. All para-
meters have defaults, and need be specified only when they are changed.
Some internal program parameters are also accessible to the user through
the §INPUT namelist. A list of currently implemented parameters appears
in section 3.
GRID
This card allows the grid systems which correspond to the 18 sets of
variables to be initialized for: (1) transformation or (2) manipulation
using a COMP subroutine. Up to six variables may be defined or redefined
in one GRID package. Each card initializes the specified variables for
one single cell of the set. Up to 400 cells may exist in any single set
of grids.
OPERATIONS
This card initiates a set of IMPACT hyperlanguage statements of the
form described above in Section 4.1.2. Each operation statement is punched
on a single card and performs an arithmetic or logical operation, a list or
plot function, or an initialization operation (such as 'DELETE1 or
'REPLACE').
300
-------
OUTPUT
This card causes an output data set to be created in GRID format,
with six named variables put out,in card-image format,to a specified data
set.
CLEAR
This card clears the symbol table, and resets the number of var..ablus
to zero. All grid values are set to zero.
COMMENTS
This card initiates a package designed for the convenience of
annotating the output with comments. Any number of comments cards may
follow, each with a carriage control character (blank, 0 or 1) in column
15, and the comments line in columns 21-70. A non-blank character in
column 72 indicates that an additional comment card is to follow. Comment •-
are read and printed until the last card read contains a blank in columns
71-72. An additional feature of the IMPACT data set structure is that foi
most card data sets, comments may be imbedded in the data by punching a
non-blank character in column 72 of the card read before the comments are
inserted.
COMPUTE
This package has been provided to enable the IMPACT program to be
easily adapted to special cases in which user-designated calculations and
data set manipulations are to be done at intermediate stages of a job. The
COMPUTE card calls a user-written subroutine COMP, which may perform
calculations, additional input-output, and manipulation of data sets as
required by the specific program applications.
301
-------
ENDJOB
This card causes termination of the program with the message "END OF
PROGRAM".
These packages are discussed in detail in Section 4.2, with the
exception of COMMENTS, ENDJOB which are discussed in Section 1.3, and COM-
PUTE which is covered in Section 4.3.
4.1.4 Program Output
The regular output of IMPACT consists of:
(1) listing of program parameters;
(2) listing of gridded variable names when read in 'GRID' package
format;
(3) A listing of 'OPERATIONS' statements as performed;
(4) grid lists as specified by 'LIST' operations; and
(5) grid plots as specified by 'PLOT' operations.
4.2 Keyword Packages
4.2.1 PARAMETERS
The format of the IMPACT 'PARAMETERS' package is as given in Section
1.3.3. The name, type, dimension, default value and a brief description of
meaning is given for each parameter currently accepted by the namelist
§INPUT:
302
-------
Name
Type Dim
SCALE R4 1
JC 14 1
ORIGIN R4 2
GX
GY
NX
NY
SYMB
R4 1
R4 1
14 1
14 1
NLEV 14 1
LEV R4 10
R4 10
Default
1000,
0
O.,0.
1.0
1.0
10
Meaning
Coordinate scale unit, meters
Zero for no output data set;
otherwise, output data set
reference number.
Horizontal (east-west) and
vertical (north-south) coordi-
nates of grid origin in n, :ters
(south-west corner of grid
cell with indices (1 1).
Horizontal dimension of grid
cell, in scale units
Vertical dimension of grid
cell,in scale units
Number of cells in the hori-
zontal direction
Number of cells in the vertical
direction
Number of value levels for PLO'x
The set of maximum values corr-
esponding to each value range
for PLOT
The set of symbols corresponding
to each value range for PLOT.
Each symbol contains up to 4-
characters to be combined by
overprinting.
* See list
303
-------
table:
Default values for the plot parameters are given in the following
level
number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
minimum
value
—
0.
1.
2.
5.
10.
20.
50.
100.
200.
maximum
value
0.
1.
2.
5.
10.
20.
50.
100.
200.
symbol
1 ' (blank)
i i
i _ i
i _ i
' + '
•X1
•0'
•0-'
•OX'
•OXAV
4.2.2 GRID
This package defines a grid system and initializes a subset of the
cells of that system with values for up to six variables. Note that the
'GRID' format is identical to that used in LANTRAN, and that a 'GRID1
package may be read by a MARTIK 'SRCE' package (Section 3.2.7). Up to 400
cells may be defined.
304
-------
FIRST CARD--Keyword card 'GRID' in standard format (Section 1.3.2).
SECOND CARD--Variable name card
Meaning
Columns Variable Format
1-10
11-20
21-30
61-70
VN(1)
VN(2)
VN(6)
A8,2X
A8,2X
*
A8,2X
THIRD CARD--Grid parameter card
1-5 NX 15
6-10
11-20
21-30
NY
15
ORIGIN(l) • F10.5
ORIGIN(2) F10.5
Must be blank
Name of first variable (ussumec
to be intensive as read
j
Names of variables 2 throu£ .. 6
Number of cells in the hori-
zontal direction '
Number of cells in the vertical,
direction
t
Horizontal coordinate of grid
origin (south-west corner U-L
cell (1,1) scale units)
Vertical coordinate of grid
origin, scale units
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
GX
GY
SCALE
HH
F10.5
F10.5
F10.5
F10.5
Horizontal grid-cell dimension,
scale units
Vertical grid-cell dimension
scale units
Scale unit, meters
Height, meters
Note that up to six variables may be assigned in one 'GRID' package. If
less than six are assigned, the name fields for the remaining are left
blank.
305
-------
FOLLOWING CARDS--one for each grid-cell to be initialized
1-5 IX 15 horizontal cell index
6-10 IY 15 Vertical cell index
11-20 GVAL(l) F10.5
1
>• Values for up to six variables
61-70 GVAL(6) F10.5 J
LAST CARD--Delimiter Card '99999'
Note that NX, NY, ORIGIN, GX, GY and SCALE must all be as specified in
the PARAMETERS package.
4.2.3 OPERATIONS
This package performs a set of operations as described in Section 4.1.2.
Each operation references one or more gridded variables by their symbolic
names and performs a function on a cell-by-cell basis.
There is no limit to the number of operations statements in the 'OPERA-
TIONS' package. Each statement is processed and printed as it is read.
FIRST CARD-- Keyword card 'OPERATIONS' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
FOLLOWING CARDS--IMPACT operation statements (one or more cards):
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-10 MODE A8,2X 'SET', 'LIST', 'PLOT', 'DELETE',
or 'REPLACE1.
11-20 VAR1 A8,2X Symbolic name (up to 8-char.)
of "resultant" grid variable.
This may be a new name, in
which case it is added to the
symbol table (18 names allowed).
306
-------
Columns Variable Format Meaning
21-30 VAR2 A8,2X symbolic name of first operand grid
variable, or a numeric constant if all
values of VAR1 are to be set (MODE =
'SET')
31-40 OP A8,2X symbolic name of operation if MODE =
'SET', see list
41-50 VAR3 A8,2X symbolic name of 2nd operand grid
variable, or a numeric constant (MODE =
•SET1)
51-70 COMM 5A4 comments for printing
LAST CARD -- Delimiter card '99999'
Discussion of Modes:
'SET'
Currently implemented operations (note: punch left justified in fielJ)
Arithmetic operations: ' ', '-', '*', '/', '**',
Logical operations: 'LT', 'LE', 'EQ', 'GE', 'GT', 'NE', 'OR',
'AND', 'NOT'
Note that for 'AND', 'OR' and 'NOT', logical "1" (".TRUE.") is taken
to be any non-zero value. For example, if X and Y are arithmetic
variables (with continuous values), the operation
SET L X AND Y
places a "1" in each cell of L such that both X and Y are non-zero
for that cell.
Similarly,
SET X NOT X
SET L X AND Y
places a "1" in each cell of L for which X is zero and Y is non-zero.
307
-------
'LIST'
Grid variables to be listed are arranged by row and column beginning
with the most northerly row. Format for each value is
F9.2.1X for values less than or equal to l.OE+06
1PE9.2.1X for values greater than l.OE+06
•DISPLAY'
Grid variables to be plotted are arranged by row and column beginning
with the most northerly row. The numbers along the borders of the plot
(SUBROUTINE GPLOT) are aligned with cell centers, and each cell is exactly
0.5" x 0.5" if 8-lines per inch is specified for the printer.
'DELETE'
The variables name and grid-values are compressed out of the GNAM and
G-arrays; i.e., all variable names in higher slots are moved down by one,
as are the grid values. The number of variables is decreased by one.
•REPLACE'
The first variable name (VAR1) replaces the second (VAR2) in the symbol
table GNAM. All grid values remain unchanged.
4.2.4 OUTPUT
This two-card package creates an output data set for up to six selected
variables, and puts it out in card-image format, as a 'GRID' package. If
the output unit specified is 7, a 'GRID' package is punched.
308
-------
FIRST CARD -- Keyword card 'OUTPUT' in standard format (Section 1.3.2)
SECOND CARD -- Variable name card (last card)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-10 must be blank
11-20 VNfll A8.2X
} names of variables to be outputted
(up to six)
61-70 VN(6) A8,2X
Note that a '99999' card may be used with an 'OUTPUT' package, but is Jt -.
required.
4.2.5 CLEAR
This single keyword card causes all variable names to be deleted from
symbol table. All grid values are reset to zero, and the variable count is
reset to zero.
4.3 .AQUIP System Implementation
As in the other programs of the AQUIP system, provision has been made
in IMPACT for a user-written subroutine COMP. The functions of IMPACT are
so straightforward, however, in relation to the data sets of the present
study, that there was no need to incorporate any 'COMPUTE' operations into
the impact analysis section of the AQUIP system.
4.3.1 Data Flow, Impact Analysis
The relationship of the IMPACT program to the overall AQUIP system is
shown schematically in Figure 51, which details a section of the overall
AQUIP schematic of Figure 2 in Section 1.1. The same conventions have
been used for naming of input data sets (I), model data sets (M), computed
data sets (C), and programs (P). Each box of Figure 2 has been detailed
to represent the keyword packages which constitute the relevant data sets.
309
-------
The execution time and number of pages of printout depend very strongly
on the extent of the analysis performed; i.e., the number of operations. The
following deck setup is thus regarded as one example of how the program might
be used:
PARAMETERS initialize program parameters.
GRID define variables for correlation (1-6),
data set C4.
GRID define gridded air quality (7-11), data
set C3/
OPERATIONS impact analysis operations
OUTPUT punch a resultant 'GRID' package for
future use.
ENDJOB call program exit.
The necessity for the 'DELETE' and 'REPLACE1 operations is clear in
light of the number of variable names and input arrays which could be (and
have been in the Hackensack Meadowlands Study) involved in air pollution
impact analyses. It is important to remember that the data set C4, which
is an input data set, can also represent a temporary file for storage of
interim results (dashed line in Figure 51). Assuming that the output
data set reference number has been specified as the disk file #12, we could
have the following sequence:
OPERATIONS impact analysis, defining new variables
1-6
OUTPUT store variables 1-6 on unit 12
OPERATIONS define variables 7-12
310
-------
5158
C3
Grid
Gridded
Air Quality
15
Parameters
15.1
Operations
15.2
Output
15.3
Program
Parameters
Impact
Hyperlanguage
Statements
Output
Operations
T6
C4
Parameters
Operations
Grid Lists & Plots
of Interim 6* Final
Impact Results
Grid
Correlation
Data Set
Figure 51 Data Flow Diagram for Impact Analysis
-------
OUTPUT add them to unit 12
GRID -12 rewind unit 12 and read in variables 1-6
GRID 12 read 7-12
OPERATIONS more analyses
PARAMETERS redefine output unit to punch (7)
OUTPUT punch final results
ENDJOB call program exit
The following PARAMETERS package was used in the application of AQUIP
to the Hackensack Meadowlands Study:
PARAMETERS
§ INPUT
SCALE=1000.,
GX=1,GY=1
NX=12,NY=14
ORIGIN=572.0,4510.0,
JC=7,
SEND
4.3.2 Data Set Descriptions
This section describes the actual card decks making up the data sets
of Figure 4-1.
15 Impact Criteria
15.1 Parameters - As given above in Section 4.3.1.
15.2 Operations - Actually three sets of operations to obtain:
(1) compliance with air quality standards; (2) dosage; and (3) land-use
compatibility score. These operations packages are described in the study
report for Task 3. The LANTRAN COMPUTE package used in conjunction with
these data sets is described in Appendix A of the Task 1 Report.
312
-------
15.3 - Output - Output packages as required to save results of
analyses for future use.
C3 Gridded Air Quality
A keyword 'GRID1 package, created by LANTRAN (Section 2.2.5) from
computed receptor concentrations. The six gridded variables are the mean
concentrations for the pollutants, allocated to the chosen grid system.
C4 Correlation Data Set
A keyword 'GRID1 package, also created by LANTRAN from original
land-use data (Section 2.3.3). This data set is derived from land-use figures
allocated to the grid system, to produce such gridded variables as population
density, open space, etc., which may be used for correlation with the gridded
air quality data set C3.
T6 Printed Output
The printed output for one IMPACT run, including identification of
all input 'GRID1 package variables, a listing of operations, grid 'LIST' and
'PLOT' outputs, which constitutes the results of the impact analysis.
4.3.3 IMPACT and the Planning Process
It is the IMPACT program which brings together all of the results
of the AQUIP modeling system in a form suitable for the ranking of
planning alternatives. As such, it serves as a vital interface between
the outputs of the system, expressed as computed emission densities or
air-pollution concentrations, and quantitative information (such as inte-
grated population exposure) necessary for the final evaluation. Since the
313
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nature of this information and the evaluation criteria are themselves
subject to modification, it is important that they be considered as part
of the "input" to the system. The IMPACT program has been designed to
provide this flexibility, and its role in AQUIP is therefore based upon
analysis procedures defined by the planner as he uses the program. In-
ternally, the program merely manipulates gridded data, and hence its
potential roles are limited only by the types of data which may meaning-
fully be expressed on a grid-cell system, and by the types of manipulations
which are to be performed. Some examples of the various roles of the
program are discussed as follows. In each case, the data flow system is
similar to that of Figure 51. The actual procedures used in the ranking
of the Hackensack Meadowlands 1990 plans are described in detail in the
Task 3 report of this study.
1. Compliance with Ambient Air Quality Standards
In this case,the computed total mean concentration for a given
pollutant is compared on a cell-by-cell basis to the standard for that pol-
lutant. This may be accomplished by simply dividing the value in each cell
by the standard, such that the result becomes the ratio of the concentration
to the standard. If the symbolism used in plotting this result is selec-
ted to shade only those cells with values greater than unity, the result is
a graphic representation of all cells in violation of the standard. In
addition, the number of cells in violation may be read directly from the
frequency distribution which is printed below the plot. Only the gridded
air quality data set need be used in this example.
314
-------
2. Subsets of Total Air Quality
The case is similar to (1) above, except that subsets of the total
mean concentration are used instead of the total. Examples of such subsets
are those discussed in the examples of Section 3.3.5 covering the applications
of MARTIK. If a differential diffusion analysis has been performed-to dis-
play the effect of relocating a highway, for example, IMPACT may be used
to determine the change in concentration (positive or negative) relative to
total air quality, or relative to standards.
3. Correlation with Subsets of the Grid System
In this example, a correlation data set is used in addition to
the gridded air quality data set (C3), with the variables defined such as
to partition the grid system. This is accomplished by placing a 1 in all cells
of the desired set and a zero elsewhere. After multiplication, only those
results applicable to the chosen set are non-zero.
4. Correlation with Land-Use Data
In this example, the correlation data set C4, produced by LANTRAN
is used to correlate air quality with some specific class of land use (resi-
dential, institutional, industrial, or open space, for example). The
figures representing the desired combination of land use, are allocated
to thev grid system in LANTRAN. If the quantity allocated is the figure
overlap or "extent" with each grid cell, then each cell contains the
fractional overlap (0 to 1.0) of the desired land use. Multiplication in
IMPACT then produces integrated dosage by land-use area. If another vari-
able, such as population density, is used, the result is integrated exposure
to population. After plotting, the frequency distribution at the bottom of
315
-------
the graph displays not only the number of cells within each level range,
but the total exposure (population times concentration) falling within the
range.
5. Analysis of Original Land-Use Data
In this case, only the correlation data set (C4) is used, with
operations designed to display such data as population distribution, heating
demands, etc.
6. Analysis of Gridded Area Source Emissions Data
As a final example, IMPACT may be used for analysis of the gridded
area emissions data set (a subset of Cl) produced by LANTRAN for input to
the diffusion model. If this data set is used in place of the gridded air
quality data set C3, emissions may be correlated with land use data. If it
is used in conjunction with the correlation data set C4, then all three data
sets, land-use emissions, and air quality may be combined together for analysis.
An example might be the display of air quality in all cells with industrial
extent greater than 50% and S02 emissions in excess of a given rate.
4.4 Numbered Error Messages
The following table constitutes the set of conditions checked in
the present level of implementation of the IMPACT program, listed by routine,
number and cause:
IMPACT
80 Control-card keyword cannot be identified
20 Invalid data-set number 1C for card-image input
316
-------
INPRM
11
12
13
17
20
900
INGRDS
30
65
70
80
900
OPRNS
30
50
140
182
184
185
186
210-225
300
800
Number of gridded variables out of range
Invalid data-set reference number 1C
Attempt to exceed 400 grid cells
Invalid output data set reference number JC •
Number of levels for 'PLOT' out of range
Unexpected end-of-file encountered.
Attempt to define more than 18 variables
Grid dimensions don't match those of PARAMETERS
package
Grid origin not consistent with PARAMETERS package.
Coordinate scale unit not consistent with PARAMETERS
package.
Unexpected end-of file encountered.
Attempt to define more than 18 variables
Invalid use of symbol
Operator cannot be identified
Undefined Operation
Invalid arithmetic operation
Invalid logical operation
Unexpected end-of-file encountered.
317
-------
DECODE
60 Non-numeric character encountered in numeric field
70 Invalid use of decimal point in numeric field
OUTS
15 Variable name for output cannot be found in symbol
table.
25 Improper use of blank field on second card of 'OUTPUT1
package (or second card missing)
30 Output data set has not been specified
900 Unexpected end-of-file encountered.
4.5 IMPACT Test Case
The IMPACT test case is the run which evaluates the land use plans
pollution impact on people, school pupils, residential area, and commercial
areas. Note that the user is not limited to these form groups of "recep-
tors" but can choose other possible distributions which may be useful in
evaluating the total impact of the pollution.
The IMPACT run compares the concentrations that have resulted from the
test case land use, with the concentrations that are acceptable to the
impactees. The concentrations are input from the data prepared by LANTRAN,
(Test Case No. 2) and the distribution of "receptor groups" is obtained from
a LANTRAN run. The operations performed in this test case result in lists
and displays of all the relationships and of the impact of the land use on
the air quality.
318
-------
Job Control Language
IMPACT resides on a linkage library at ERT. The first JCL links IMPACT
and begins execution. This test case of IMPACT requires the following
datasets:
FT09 is a run log file required by any program in the AQUIP system.
FT12 is the land use dataset created in the LANTRAN test case for
Mode 1 Land Use Allocation.
FT13 is the air quality dataset created by the LANTRAN Mode 3 Air
Quality Allocation.
Keyword Package Input
The first package used is the PARAMETERS package to set the program
parameters. Section 4.2.1 of the Task 5 Report describes the IMPACT
PARAMETERS. The parameters changes made were:
NLEV was set to 9 to obtain 9 levels rather than 10.
The levels were reset by LEV.
The symbols for each level were reset in SYMB.
The grid for internal use was defined by NX,NY, and ORIGIN. NX sets
the number of cells in the X direction to be 5. NY sets the number of
cells in the Y direction to be 3. ORIGIN sets the origin of these cells
at 578., 4520. Note that this grid must be the same as the grid used in
the creation of the gridded data that will be input. Use of grids that
do not match will result in errors.
The PARAMETERS package responds by printing the variables that define
the grid being used by IMPACT, page 1 of the output.
Next a GRID package is input to define which of the grid cells are of
interest. Examining Figure 52, the grid cells within the dark outline
are the region where values are of interest. This region was arbitrarily
chosen to illustrate that consideration need not be made of the entire
rectangle. If the area of interest only covers a portion of the grid, it is
possible to consider only a portion of the grid.
319
-------
578
579
580
58!
582
583
4523
45?'
NJ
o
4520
4523
578
579 580 58i 58'
Figure 52 Base Map, IMPACT Grid and Region of Interest
~Y.-- -I 4522
452!
4520
583
-------
The grid cells within the dark outline are given a value of 1. for
the variable REGION. Those outside have a value of 0.. Page 2 of the print-
out responds from the GRID package by informing the user that the variable
REGION has been DEFINED for the grid. ;
'< i
The next GRID package is specified with IFORM=d2. This means that the
GRID package to be used is on FT12. FT12 is the Land Use GRID package
that was created in the LANTRAN Model 1 Land Use allocation. The 'LANTRAN
run specified four variables for output to each cell of the GRID package.
The GRID card is labeled identifying it as a LANTRAN output from run 1056.
Run 1056 is the LANTRAN test. This run should be saved by the user in the
event he needs to know exactly how he created these values.
The four variables on the GRID package are: POP, population, SCHOOLS,
school population, Rol, and S. See the LANTRAN test case for the description
of how this package was created.
The printout on page 3 informs the user that the four variables have
been defined for each cell of the grid.
The next GRID card specified IFORM=13. This will bring in the GRID
package containing the gridded Air Quality. The LANTRAN Mode 3 Air Quality
Allocation test case created this GRID package. The run number 1057 indi-
cates this on the GRID card beginning the GRID package on FT13. This package
holds the gridded values for the variables CO and NOX. There were in units
of ppm and yg/m in the VALUES used by LANTRAN, and they were output into
the GRID package in ppm and pg/m .
The net result of these GRID packages has been to create values for the
following variables:
REGION Input from the cards.
POP, SCHOOLS, R01, S Input from the GRID created by LANTRAN
Mode 1 Land Use Allocation.
CO, NOX Input from the GRID created by LANTRAN
Mode 3 Air Quality Allocation.
Now OPERATIONS are used to manipulate the variables.
321
-------
First CO is manipulated by multiplication by REGION, which will leave
it unchanged in the region of interest and 0. outside it. Then the variable
CO/STD, the fraction of the CO standard attained by the annual CO value,
is computed and listed. Page 5 shows the output from this portion. There
are values for all the grid cells of interest. Section 4.2.3 describes the
format and rules for instructions in the OPERATIONS package. A DISPLAY
finishes the output on this page. CO has been restricted to the area of
interest, the values listed, and displayed.
The next four instructions perform a similar set of operations on NOX.
NOX is restricted to the region of interest, NOX/STD is created, and its
values are listed and displayed on page 6.
The OPERATIONS package is terminated at this point to permit a varia-
tion in the parameters. The PARAMETERS package is used to change the
levels and symbols for use in the display. The levels are set so that any
value above .001 will be in level 2. The symbols are set either blank or
dark. In effect this will define a presence of absence of any value.
For examples of the sort of problem that the remainder of the test.
For examples of the uses to which this program can be used, see the
Task 3 Report. It will make the purpose of the kinds of variables chosen,
and the forms of the plots chosen clearer. It does not explain the details
of use of IMPACT; it shows some problems and what values and displays
were used in answering them. The values and displays were created using
IMPACT.
The next set of OPERATIONS used performs DOSAGE operations. The lists
and displays are mainly indicators of the presence or absence of any dosage
of pollutant to the receiving variable chosen, such as POP or SCHOOLS.
First CO and NOX versus POP are calculated. The variable CO*POP is
created, listed, and displayed. Note that in only three grid cells is there
a population impacted by CO. Next NOX*POP is similarly calculated, listed
and displayed. Again, page 9, there are only three grid cells where popula-
tion is affected by NOX.
At the end of this, the REPLACE operation is used to change the names
CO*POP to CO*SCH and NOX*POP to NOX*SCH. The values for each cell remain
unchanged at this point. Next, new values are calculated for CO*SCH, and
it is listed and displayed on page 10. The purpose of the REPLACE procedure
was to remove the old names CO*POP, and NOX*POP. Those names are no longer
322
-------
needed in the variable name list. The two new names are the new variables
needed. This could also have been achieved using the DELETE operation, which
would have removed the names AND set the values back to zero.
Following the CO*SCH, NOX*SCH is calculated, listed, and displayed.
Notice that there is impact from CO, and COX on SCHOOL in only one grid cell.
The next operation sets R01=R01*240. to convert it into acres.
There are 240. acres in a square kilometer. The name R01 is changed to
RES without affecting the value.
Now impacts of CO and NOX on RES are calculated. Pages 12 and 13
show the calculation, listing, and display of CO*RES, and NOX*RES.
Names are changed to change the RES to COMM. S is reset to .contain
acres, and renamed COMM. Again, calculations of CO*COMM, and NOX*COMM
are made, and the results are listed and displayed. The CO*COMM operations
were accidentally duplicated; pages 14, and 15 both contain the CO*COMM
calculation, list and display.
At the end of this OPERATIONS package, RES and COMM are renamed back
to their old names of R01, and S. The package has created displays that
indicate each cell of the region of interest where there is an air pollutant
possibly affecting people, school populations, commercial areas, or resi-
dential areas.
A PARAMETER package is now used to change the symbolism and levels
again. This symbolism will be used for "score" values. Now four levels
are set; with maxima of: .001, 1., 2., 3.0. The symbols used are: blank,
0, and dark, (OXAV).
With the new display symbols set OPERATIONS are begun again. First POP
is deleted because it will not be used, and the variable space will be
useful.
The first set of operations is used to rank the effects of CO on
SCHOOLS, then R01 (residential), then S (commercial). A logical operation,
AND, is used to set INTERSEC equal to 1. where there are both CO and
SCHOOLS. Then the POLL*LU is set to CO where there are both CO and SCHOOLS.
Finally, POLL*LU is normalized by the CO standard, and PSCORE is set equal
to 1. everywhere POLL*LU is more than a quarter of the CO standard. Next,
a similar operation is performed.
Next a similar set of operations is performed to set TEMP equal to 1.
everywhere that the CO exceeds the standards, and there are residences
323
-------
present. TEMP is added to PSCORE. Now PSCORE is zero where neither condi-
tion has been violated, 1. where only one of the SCHOOLS and residence
criteria have been violated, and 2. where both the SCHOOLS and residential
criteria have been violated.
Another set of operations sets TEMP equal to 1. wherever the CO exceeds
1.5 times the standard and there are commercial land uses. TEMP is again
added to PSCORE. PSCORE can now be 0., 1., 2., or 3., depending on whether
any of the air quality criteria have been violated, and if so, how many.
PSCORE is then LISTED. None of the criteria have been exceeded in the
test case; all the values are 0.. The DISPLAY is all blank, there are no
violations. SCORE is set to 1. for any cell with any violation.
The comparisons and operations for the NOX criteria are the same as
for the CO with one exception. The NOX must exceed twice the standard in
a commercially used cell before a violation level will be added to PSCORE.
As before the list and display indicate that for the test case run there
are no violations of any of the criteria chosen in the area of interest.
SCORE is then incremented by 1. for every cell with violations; again
there are no such cells. SCORE is listed and displayed. No violations
occurred. Had any violation occurred in either the CO or NOX, this list
and display would have spotted the cell(s) where CO or NOX was exceeding
a criterion.
With the scoring complete, the job is ended with an ENDJOB.
324
-------
cn) JOB ,Rf.(iioN.r,t)»««K,TlMF..Gn«i
),*»,»
INCLUDE t'TdNt.Mt »OR,F.««.ti«PuT,SEONn(TiI8P«OlCl,
// UNIT«SY8PV, vni •(PRIVATE, RETAIN, 3f»iAIRMAPl
//GO.FTIH
PARAMETER
UNPUT
not
i
NLf v.»,LtV«0
IFND
GRID
C}
1
1
I
2
2
I
s
5
°51
1.
^
1,
1.
1,
1,
1.
0 •
0.
1.
1,
0.
1,
0.
5 JO.
GO 10
GRID
IPfRATlONS
SET
9FT
LIST
DI9PLAY
9P.T
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
CO
DD *
CO «iD NO« LFWELS
. 0 01 1 , . ' , , '0« • REGION
NO'/STD N0> / 100.0 N0» STANDARD
NO»/9Tn
NOX/STn
PARAMJTfBS IVHUnLlSM FOR 'OnsAOF'
U>.PUT
NLIVPi.Lt
«END
vao
,0001 , 1 0. , SYHRa' i.iQXAV',
Figure 53 IMPACT Test Case Deck Setup
325
-------
OPEKATIO
SIT
LIST
DISPLAY
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
REPLACE
•EPLACF
SET
LIST
01 SPLAY
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
SET
•EPLACE
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
3FY
LIST
DISPLAY
REPLACE
BEPLACE
S£T
REPLACE
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
Sf 1
LIST
DISPLAY
SFT
LIST
OISPLAY
DELETE
OfLETE
Bf PLACE
BfPL»CF
XI
CO*POP
CO«POP
CO«POP
NOX*POP
Nnx*PnP
NOX*PGP
CP*8CM
NCX*SCW
CD»3C*
CO*8Cri
CO.SCH
NOIllCH
"OK »8C*
Nnx«scM
• 01
• ES
CO'BES
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•40X«RE8
NOX'RBS
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8
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NtiX'ca"*
NQX "CfJMM
NOX*CO*M
co«cn»«
NOXKCH^H
001
s
noSASt 01
CO
wox
CO*POP
NQX*POP
ro
NOX
ROl
• 01
CO
*nx
CP*VE8
Nnv**E8
^
S
C'l
cn
^JQX
BtS
CO*M
PARAMETERS SYMflOLlS*
UNPuT
tlNO
nPERATto
OtLETF
SET
SET
SET
SET
Sf '
>tt
SET
SET
SE*
StT
SFT
Sf. '
SET
Sf T
LIST
D1SPL«<
SET
SET
SET
SfT
!FT
SfT
SfT
SET
SFT
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
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OIIPLAY
SET
SET
LIST
DISPLAY
DELETE
DELETf
DELETE
DELETE
ENDJOB
/•tor
>J9
PIJP
i-T«asrc
POLL-l.1'
POLL *L1!
PST^B^
J^Yt M 3FC
POLL«LU
POIL'L'I
•(MB
PSCnBE
I-T|»3fC
POLL*'.'!
POLL *L1'
YfMP
B8CC1BF
PSCOBE
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SCOBF
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POLL'LU
POLL«LU
P9Ca»E
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PQLL«Ll'
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TfMP
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I ^Tf BJEC
POLl'LU
POLL'LI'
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PSCORE
PSCnRF
PSCOBf
TE»P
sense
SCORE
SCORE
SCHOOLS
ROl
3
POLLHU
LAND USE
cn
CO
POLL'LH
POLL'LU
CO
cn
POLL«LU
POLL'L"
PSCHPE
CiT
cn
PPLL*Ll!
POLL«LU
PSCOBB
PSCOBE
NOX
NOX
POLL'LU
POLL*L^
Nnx
NOX
POLL'LU
POLL'LU
PSCO»E
NOX
NHX
BOLL*L^
°OLL*LU
»8CO«E
PSC3RE
SCORE
(RATIflNI
* POP
• POP
« SCHOOLS
• ICHOOLI
• 2UO,
• *ES
• >ES
• IUO,
. CO"H
» COHM
* CUMM
fO» 'SCORE1
' ' ' '
COMPATIBILITY SCO'E
ANh 8CHQOI.B
• NTtRSEC
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AND 01
• NTCRSCC
/ ,25
5T i.n
» TE»P
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• INTE«3EC
/ .??
OT 1,5
» TE»P
CT 0,
AND 8CHOOLB
• INTCKSCC
/ loo, n
ST 0,21
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• INTERSEC
/ 100,0
CT ' 1,0
» TEMP
AND 9
• INTP.RSEC
/ 100,0
ST 2,0
• TE«P
CT 0,
* TE«P
CONVERT TO ACRES
CONVERT TO ACRES
SCHOOLS
NORMALIZE PY cn STD.
PERMISSIBLE A.O.
•ESIDfNTIAl
NORMALIZE PY cn STP,
PCRMtlBIBLE A.Q,
UPDATt POLL. SCn«f
COMMERCIAL
NORMALIZE BY CO 8TO,
PERMIB8IBLC A.O.
UPPATE POLL. SCORE.
INITIALIZE 'SCORE*
SCHOOLS
NORMALIZE BY NHX STD,
PERMISBIILF A.O,
RESIDENTIAL
NORMALIZE RY NOx STO,
PERMI89IBLF A.O.
UPOATf POLL, SCORE
COHMFRCIAL
NORMALIZE RY NOX STB,
PERHIS8IBI.F A.O.
UPOATt POLL. SCORI
UPDATE L.U. SCORE
Figure 53 Contd.
326
-------
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Figure 54 Contd.
328
-------
.".."".....!"!"!."!"!"."?"" VIR8ION 1.1 (7JOIOO 22 MR l«7« p.sf 6
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331
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23 1010 IMPACT ANALYSIS P*OSR«M VERSION 1.1 (T30IOO
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333
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2S 1010
IMPACT ANALYSIS PRUCRAM VERSION 1,1 (7)0108) 11 APR 197U
PARAMETERS
SCALE
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UNIT (METERS)« 1000.000
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PAGE 17
OUTPUT Il«TA S1T» 7
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334
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335
-------
336
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5. SYNAGRAPHIC COMPUTER MAPPING PROGRAM (SYMAP)
5.1 Program Description
5.1.1 Introduction
The SYMAP program is a general-purpose computer program for generating
graphic displays of spatially distributed information, using the.standard
line printer. Multiple printing (called "overprinting") at each print-
position on the line-printer is used to produce shades from white to black,
hence providing a third dimension in addition to the row and column dimensions
of the print medium. The applications of the program are general, but it is
most suited for the mapping of geographical information, which is its use in
the AQUIP system.
Essentially, SYMAP produces three distinct types of maps: (1) conformant-
zone maps; (2) contour maps; and (3) proximal maps. In the first case, a
set of spatial regions (e.g., geographical "zones") are defined, values
assigned to each zone and the results plotted in such a manner that the
shading everywhere within each conformant-zone represents the value assign-
ment to that zone. In the second case, a set of data points is used to
construct a three-dimensional (continuous) surface passing through the points.
Contours of constant value (or "isopleths") defined for this surface are then
plotted, with each value range represented by one combination of overprinted
characters making up a "symbol". The third type of map, the "proximal" map
is similar to the first, except that the conformant zones are constructed
on the basis of proximity to data points. It is the second mode of opera-
tion, i.e., the contour map mode, which is of interest in the AQUIP system,
since this mode is used to plot the isopleths of computed air quality.
337
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The SYMAP program was originated in 1963 by Howard T. Fisher, working
at Northwestern Technological Institute. Since that time it has undergone
substantial development sponsored by the Laboratory for Computer Graphics
and Spatial Analysis, at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design,
Cambridge, Massachusetts. The present version of SYMAP, as implemented in
the AQUIP system, is essentially version 5.14 as distributed and documented
by the Laboratory for Computer Graphics, with only superficial changes
required for installation and use with other AQUIP components.
The modes of operation and potential applications of the SYMAP program
far exceed the requirements of the AQUIP system, and the task of fully docu-
menting the program would be beyond the scope of this effort. For this
reason, only those modes of operation, options and formats which are directly
concerned with the functions served in the AQUIP data system are presented
in this manual. A summary description of standard SYMAP conventions, for-
mats and keyword package functions is given in the remainder of this section.
Keyword package formats required for AQUIP functions are explicitly presented
in Section 5.2, and the data flow system, data set description and other
AQUIP implementation information in Section 5.3. For additional information
on the SYMAP program, the user is referred to standard documentation for the
program, available upon request from the Laboratory for Computer Graphics.
5.1.2 Summary Description of SYMAP Conventions
The logical structure of the SYMAP program is organized around keyword
packages as in the ERT/AQUIP programs. These packages may be conveniently
divided into two groups, those which make up the "base map" and those which
insert data values and actually produce a map. The user prepares his base-
338
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map by selecting a study region for plotting, and coding spatial information
regarding the region itself: the outline of the area to be considered, points
at which data values are to be inserted, coordinates of conformant-zones and
legends to appear on the output map. For each map to be plotted, he then
supplies a set of values for assignment either to the data points or to
conformant-zones, together with instructions for generating the map.
Several SYMAP conventions are noteworthy:
1. Any self-consistent set of units may be used for coordinates and
measurement of linear displacement, but the program is internally based on
row and column coordinates (down and across) rather than the usual horizontal
and vertical (across and up) axes. By convention coordinates for standard
SYMAP formats are given as displacements down from a reference point (such
as the upper left-hand corner of the map) and those across from the same
point. Any set of input coordinates defined on a right-hand system (such
as UTM coordinates) must therefore be converted to the left-hand system.
This may be accomplished by reversing the order of the coordinates, and
changing the sign of the vertical (north) coordinate. For example, a UTM
coordinate pair (572.0, 4510.0) becomes (-4510.0, 572.0). As long as all
coordinates and displacements follow the same convention, (internally to
SYMAP) spatial relationships will be preserved. Most AQUIP data sets have
been interfaced to the SYMAP program (using sub-routine FLEXIN) to perform
the above right-to-left coordinate conversion automatically; so that input
data can be expressed in right-hand units.
2. Not all data packages are required to produce a map. The program
draws upon a vast reservoir of default options if not supplied in the input.
No data package may, however, be supplied more than once within the input
for any one map.
339
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3. All linear measurements are based upon the assumption that horizontal
spacing occurs at 10 columns per inch, and that vertical spacing at 8 rows
per inch. These spacings are required in order to produce a uniform
distribution of symbols within a homogeneous area.
4. Input values may have to be scaled in some cases, since values less
than .01 are printed as 0.
5. Provision has been made in all SYMAP input packages (except for
F-MAP, CLEAR and ENDJOB) for non-standard data input formats, which are
accommodated by the application-dependent subroutine FLEXIN. In the present
application, this subroutine has been written to interface SYMAP with the
other AQUIP programs. In general, each SYMAP keyword package involves a
FLEXIN procedure which reads in an AQUIP data package intact (from keyword
card through '99999' card).
5.1.3 SYMAP Keyword Format
The first card of each package of a SYMAP input card deck is a "keyword
card" with function analogous to those of the other AQUIP programs. The
format of the keyword card, however, differs from that of the ERT programs,
and is thus presented as follows:
Columns
1-15
16-20
21-25
31-40
41-50
Variable
KEY
OPT
PRINT
DIV(l)
DIV(2)
Format
A4,A2,9X
A5
A5
F10.0
F10.0
Meaning
Keyword
Non-blank if option card follows.
Non-blank if input data is not to be
listed as read in.
Blank if vertical coordinate is in
equal units (see above, Section 5.2.3);
8.0 if expressed in rows.
Blank if horizontal coc::J.inate is in
equal units; 10.0 if expressed in
columns.
340
-------
Columns
51-60
61-65
72
Variable Format
F10.0
TAPE A5
Al
Meaning
Not used.
Blank if A-CONFORMOLINES package
to be read from cards; non-blank
from unit 11 .
Not used.
is
if
By convention, OPT is specified as an 'X' in column 18 for all packages
for which FLEXIN is invoked (option card follows keyword card). PRINT is
specified as an 'X' in column 23 if print is to be suppressed. The other
parameters on the keyword card are not used in AQUIP.
All keyword packages are delimited by '99999' as they are in other
AQUIP programs. Similarly, the end of the program is signaled by an 'ENDJOB'
card. Use of comments cards is not permitted in SYMAP input packages.
The format of the option card (second card if OPT is specified) is as
follows:
Columns
1-5
6-10
11-15
Variable Format Meaning
IFORM 15 FLEXIN routine to be used for data
input if non-zero.
NPTS 15 Blank if data set is terminated by a
'99999' card; otherwise, the number
of cards to be read.
REW A5 Non-blank if tape 12 is to be rewound
before processing.
In AQUIP, neither the NPTS or REW parameters are used since data sets
are terminated by '99999' cards, and rewind options are controlled by FLEXIN
itself.
341
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5.1.4 Keyword Package Summary
The following lists all available keyword packages with a brief explana-
tion of their general purpose. Those which may be used for AQUIP functions
are noted, and described in detail in Section 5.2.
A-OUTLINE
This package describes the outline of the study area if non-rectangular,
by specifying the coordinate locations of the outline vertices. (Used for
contour and proximal maps only.)
AQUIP: Used with FLEXIN (IFORM=1) to read in right-hand coordinates.
A-CONFORMOLINES
This package is used to give the positions of the data zones to which
data is to be related, by specifying the coordinate locations of vertices
on the zonal outlines. This package is required for a conformant map.
AQUIP: Used with FLEXIN (IFORM=2) to read 'FIGURES' data cards
with right-hand coordinates.
B-DATA POINTS
This package is used to give the positions of the data points to which
values are to be related, by specifying their coordinate locations. Data
points may be either the points for which data are available, or the centers
of areas, called data zones, for which data are available. (When warranted
by the nature of the study, and under exceptional circumstances, other
"centers" may be used, such as centers of population.) This package is
required for contour and proximal maps.
342
-------
AQUIP: Used with FLEXIN (IFORM=3) to read in a 'POINTS' package
intact.
C-OTOLEGENDS
This package is used to specify the relative position of legends which
are to be adjusted automatically if the size and/or scale of the map are
altered.
AQUIP: Used with FLEXIN (IFORM=4) to convert coordinates.
D-BARRIERS
This package is used to give the coordinate location and strength of
impediments to interpolation at specified vertices.
AQUIP: Not used.
E-VALUES
This package is used to assign numerical data to the data points and/or
data zones, by specifying the "values" involved. All such data must, of
course, be measured on a consistent uniform basis. (While normally required,
this package may be omitted if a preliminary "base map" is desired for
checking locations before applying values.)
AQUIP: Used with FLEXIN (IFORM=6) to read one of six data fields
of a 'VALUES' package intact.
El-VALUES INDEX
This package is used to adjust the reference order of data values in
the E-VALUES package.
AQUIP: Not used.
343
-------
F-MAP
This package is used to specify below the map an appropriate title for
the identification of each separate map you may wish to run. In addition,
it instructs the computer to make each specific map pursuant to certain
"electives". These electives provide a variety of options for obtaining
maps suited to your particular needs. An F-MAP package is required for
each map desired.
AQUIP: Used as in distributed version, except for elective 10,
which has been replaced by elective 40.
CLEAR
This single keyword card wipes out all previously read-in data pack-
ages, resetting all parameters to initial values. It is useful for
multiple unrelated map-runs stacked within a single job submission.
ENDJOB
Terminates program execution with the printed message: "XXX MAPS
HAVE BEEN PRODUCED", "END OF JOB", where XXX is the number of maps.
5.1.5 Program Output
The normal output of the SYMAP program consists of:
1. Tabular printout of coordinates of all vertices making up an
outline in an 'A-OUTLINE1 package.
2. Listing of all vertices of conformant zones, together with
centroid coordinates and areas, as read in an 'A-CONFORMOLINES' package.
3. Listing of coordinates of data points as read in a 'B-DATA
POINTS' package.
344
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4. Listing of values assigned to data points as read in an
'E-VALUES' package.
5. Descriptive listing of all legend information as read in
a 'C-OTOLEGENDS1 package.
6. Listing of map title and all electives except elective 40 for
an F-MAP package.
7. Listing of points, values and level assignments for use in the
mapping process.
8. Output map, with a frequency distribution of points within each
level range at the bottom, followed by the text of elective 40, if specified.
5.2 Keyword Packages
5.2.1 A-OUTLINE
This package is optional and is used to specify the outline of the
study area for a contour or a proximal map, when the study area does not
fill the entire space within the rectangular map border.
FIRST CARD
Keyword card 'A-OUTLINE1, with OPT specified ('X' in column 18),
and PRINT specified ('X' in column 23) if print is to be suppressed.
SECOND CARD
Option card, with IFORM=1 (column 5).
THIRD AND FOLLOWING CARDS
Coordinate locations of study area outline vertices (i.e., those
points at which the outline changes direction).
345
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Columns Variable Format Meaning
11-20 UTMX F10.5 Horizontal coordinate of vertex,
scale units.
21-30 UTMY F10.5 Vertical coordinate of vertex,scale
units.
LAST CARD
Delimiter card '99999'.
Punch each vertex location on a separate card, starting with the
uppermost vertex and proceeding clockwise,back to and including,once again,
the point of beginning. This repetition tells the program that the outline
is complete. If there are two or more vertices equally high, start with
the one that is furthest to the left. If the outline is curved, approximate
the curve with short straight-line segments.
If the study area is not contained within a single outline, two or
more outlines may be employed - presented in any desired sequence. There is
no set limitation on the number of outlines, but no single outline : may
have fewer than 3 or more 100 vertices. If a.large complex outline would
require more than 100 vertices, subdivide it into two or more outlines which
meet along a common edge at any angle except horizontal.
5.2.2 A-CONFORMOLINES
This package is used to specify the outline of each of the data zones of
the study area. Only one data value may be associated with any one data
zone. In certain instances, however, more than one outline may be needed
to define a data zone. In such cases, each of the outlines, which together
define the whole data zone, is associated with the same data value.
346
-------
FIRST CARD
Keyword card 'A-CONFORMOLINES1 with OPT specified, and PRINT specified
if print is to be suppressed.
SECOND CARD
Option card with IFORM=2.
FOLLOWING CARDS
Outlines of each conformant zone (one or more cards for each zone).
FIRST CARD - first vertex card of conformant zone.
Columns
1-5
6-9
10
11-20
21-30
Variable
IREF
Format
15
KT
UTMX
UTMY
Al
F10.5
F10.5
Meaning
Reference number of associated data
value if non-blank. If blank, assume
the next value in list.
Not used.
•PV-LVA1.
Horizontal coordinate of first vertex,
scale units.
Vertical coordinate of first vertex,
scale units.
ADDITIONAL CARDS - one for each additional vertex.
11-20
UTMX
F10.5
Horizontal coordinate of vertex,
scale units.
Vertical coordinate of vertex, scale
units.
21-30 UTMY F10.5
LAST CARD - (of 'A-CONFORMOLINES1 package) - Delimiter '99999'.
Each conformant zone is considered to be a point ('P') with a single
vertex, a broken line ('L') of two or more vertices, or an irregular polygon
area ('A1) of four or more vertices.
347
-------
NOTE that conformant zone subpackages are compatible in format with
those of a LANTRAN 'FIGURES' package (Section 2.2.2).
'A-OUTLINE' and 'A-CONFORMOLINES' packages are mutually exclusive.
Unless the latter is present, an isopleth map will be produced. Once a
'A-CONFORMOLINES' package has been introduced, the conformant-zone mode
is assumed, and retained until a 'CLEAR' card is read, or until elective 27
is specified in an F-Map Package.
5.2.3 B-DATA POINTS
This package is used to specify the coordinate locations of the points
at which data is to be provided. Data points may be located outside the
study area, and even beyond the rectangular map border. In the latter
event, however, their location will not appear. No special sequence of
locations is required. If a conformant map is to be produced from this
source map, the reference number of each data point should be the same as
that of the zonal outline in which it appears.
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'B-DATA POINTS' with OPT specified, and
PRINT specified if print is to be suppressed.
SECOND CARD - Option card with IFORM=3.
THIRD AND FOLLOWING CARDS - A keyword 'POINTS' data set, beginning
with the keyword card and ending with a '99999' card.
See Sections 2.2.3 and/or 3.2.2 for format.
There is a limit of 1000 data points for any one map. If more data
points are needed, divide the work into two or more parts with some overlap.
348
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5.2.4 C-OTOL'EGENDS
This package is used to specify the relative position and content of
any special wording, numbering or other symbolism desired on the face of the
map or within the rectangular map border. Any supplementary information which
will apply equally to all maps in any one series may be provided such as:
the general title applicable to the study area, compass directions, major
landmarks, rivers and railroads, etc. Legends supplied in this package
are called "OTOLEGENDS" because they are defined in terms of the source
map coordinates rather than by row or column, and hence retain their
relationships to physical features of the map even though the output map
may be printed at different scales.
The map background - the area between the rectangular map border and
the outline of the study area - may be used for legends without affecting
the map itself, whereas legends inside the area outline may adversely affect
map legibility and comprehension, especially if placed at data point locations.
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'C-OTOLEGENDS1 with OPT specified, and PRINT
specified if print is to be suppressed.
SECOND CARD - Option card with IFORM=4.
THIRD AND FOLLOWING CARDS - OTOLEGENDS subpackages, one or more cards
per otolegend .
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'.
Each OTOLEGEND is coded in one of the following formats:
349
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1. POINT LEGEND, SINGLE SYMBOL - overprinted, if desired - 1 card.
Columns
6-9
10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
Meaning
The print and overprint characters (any of which may be blank)
for the single symbol desired.
The letter 'P'
The horizontal coordinate of associated source map point, in
scale units.
The vertical coordinate of associated source map point, scale
units.
The vertical displacement desired, namely, the number of rows
up (precede by '-'), or the number of rows down for the symbol
to be adjusted, relative to its associated source map point.
The horizontal displacement, namely, the number of columns to
the left (preceded by '-'), or the number of columns to the
right for the symbol to be adjusted, relative to its associated
source map point.
2. .POINT LEGEND, MULTIPLE CHARACTER (Vertical or Horizontal) - no
overprint - 2 cards
Columns
1
4-5
10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
FIRST CARD
Meaning
Leave blank for horizontal legend, punch '-' (minus) for vertical
legend.
The number of characters in legend (not to exceed 50).
The letter 'P'.
The horizontal coordinate of associated source map point, scale
units.
The vertical coordinate of associated source map point, scale
units.
The vertical displacement, namely, the number of rows up (pre-
ceded by '-'), or the number of rows down for the "start" of the
legend, relative to its associated source map point.
The horizontal displacement, namely, the number of columns to
the left (preceded by '-'), or the number of columns to the
right for the "start" of the legend, relative to its associated
source map point.
350
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SECOND CARD
Columns Meaning
1-50 Punch the desired legend starting in Column 1 and ending in the
column whose number is punched in Columns 4-5 of the first card
3. LINE LEGEND, SINGLE SYMBOL - Repeated - 2 or more cards.
Columns Meaning
6-9 The print and overprint characters (any of which may be blank)
for the symbol desired.
10 The letter "L"
11-20 The horizontal coordinate of first point on line,in scale units
21-30 The vertical coordinate of first point on line, in scale units
OTHER CARDS - The coordinate locations of the succeeding vertices on
the line, one location to a card, in columns 11-20 and 21-30 as for the
first point. Columns 1-10 are left blank on these cards.
4. AREA LEGEND, SINGLE SYMBOL - filled outline - 2 or more cards
FIRST CARD
Columns Meaning
6--9 The print and overprint characters (any of which my be blank)
10 The letter "A".
11-20 The horizontal coordinate of the first vertex (the uppermost
point on the outline, and if more than one, the left most of
these).
21-30 The vertical coordinate of the first vertex.
OTHER CARDS - The coordinate locations of succeeding vertices on the out-
line, one location to a card, in columns 11-20 and 21-30 as for the first
vertex. On the last card repeat the coordinate location of the first
vertex to "close" the outline. Columns 1-10 are left blank on these
cards.
351
-------
NOTE: That a character is any single keypunch designations EBCDIC, whereas
a symbol is composed of four characters, printed one on top of the other in
the same location, any or all of which may be blank. This process is called
"overprinting". The set of symbols used for value ranges and special purposes
is called symbolism.
5.2.5 E-VALUES
This package is used to specify the values of quantitative information
applicable to each data point (for a contour or proximal map) or to each
data zone (for a conformant map).
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'E-VALUES' with OPT specified and PRINT
specified if print is to be suppressed.
SECOND CARD - OPTION card with IFORM=6.
THIRD CARD
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-5 JFORM 15 Field designator, 1-6 (selects which
variable in the 'VALUE' package is to
be plotted)
6-10 NU 15 Unit from which 'VALUES' package is
to be read; if 5, read from cards
and write the package to unit 12.
11-15 REW IX,A4 If non-blank, unit NU is rewound
before 'VALUES' are read.
21-70 TEXT 12A4,A2 Text for printing in output.
FOLLOWING CARDS - (present only if NU=5 has been specified) - A key-
word 'VALUES'data set, beginning with the keyword card and ending with a
'99999' card. See Sections 2.2.4 and/or 3.2.4 for format.
352
-------
NOTE: That if the 'VALUES' package is read from cards, it is written to
unit 12. The same 'VALUES' package may be reread again with a different
JFORM value simply by using NU=12 and specifying rewind as per the following
example:
•
•
E-VALUES X
6
1 5
(followed by a complete 'VALUES' package on cards)
(First map)
•
•
E-VALUES X
6
2 12 X
(Second map)
•
NOTE: That the 'VALUES' package may be placed on a tape or disk file in
ca.rd-image format by a previous SYMAP run or a run with another program
(such as MARTIK). Note also that the package on the data set must have
the keyword as the first card, and the '99999' delimiter on the last card.
If taken from a tape or disk file, there is no '99999' card in the 'E-VALUES'
package.
5.2.6 F-MAP
This package instructs the computer to make a map - based on the
information supplied in the prior packages - and is used to specify the
precise form of that map in terms of certain available optional treatments
known as electives.
353
-------
FIRST CARD - Keyword card 'F-MAP' with PRINT specified if print is to
be suppressed.
SECOND, THIRD AND FOURTH CARDS - Map title (3 cards, punched columns
1-72 each) to appear below the map.
FOLLOWING CARDS - Elective cards as desired.
LAST CARD - Delimiter card '99999'.
Each elective is specified by one or more cards. The first card is in the
following format:
FIRST CARD (of elective subpackage)
Columns Variable Format Meaning
1-5 NUMOP 15 Elective number
6-10 SAME AS Blank for new specification; non-
blank for repeat of this option
(from the last map)
11-20 VALUE(l) F10.5
\
r Values as required by elective.
• • • J
61-70 VALUE(6) F10.5
ADDITIONAL CARDS, if required, in format dependent upon elective.
The following is an abbreviated list of electives,their functions and para-
meters. Details have been given only for those electives which are of
interest to AQUIP applications. See the SYMAP user's manual for an expanded
discussion of F-MAP electives.
354
-------
ELECTIVE 1 - (1 card) size of the output map
VALUE (1): Vertical dimension of rectangular map border in inches.
VALUE (2): Horizontal dimension of map border in inches.
STANDARD: 13.0 inches for the larger dimension with the smaller
dimension proportioned accordingly. If a horizontal dimension greater
than 13.0 inches is specified, the map will be printed in two or more
sections for mounting side-by-side.
A maximum of 72.0 inches is allowed unless elective 16 is specified.
ELECTIVE 2 - (1 card) extreme points
VALUE (1): Vertical coordinate of upper left corner of map measured
in scale units down from the reference point (for AQUIP, this must be
the negative of the vertical scale unit. For example, if the top
border of the map is to be at 4520.0, specify VALUE (1)=-4520).
VALUE (2): Horizontal coordinate of upper left corner of map, in
scale units across from the reference point. (For AQUIP, this is
the horizontal scale unit. For example, if the left border of the
map is to be at 572.0, specify VALUE (2)=572.0.)
VALUE (3): Vertical coordinate of lower right corner of map.
VALUE (4): Horizontal coordinate of lower right corner of map.
STANDARD: To select extreme points from a preceding package:
A-CONFORMOLINES, A-OUTLINES, B-DATA POINTS, or C-OTOLEGENDS.
355
-------
ELECTIVE 3 - (1 card) number of levels
VALUE (1): Number of levels or class intervals (from 2 to 10) punched
as a decimal number.
STANDARD: Five levels.
ELECTIVE 4 - (1 card) value range minimum
VALUE (1): Minimum value of total value range. Values below this
range are mapped with the letter "L" for LOW.
STANDARD: The minimum value of the data.
ELECTIVE 5 - (1 card) value range maximum
VALUE (1): Maximum value of the total value range. Values above this
range are mapped with the letter "H" for HIGH.
ELECTIVE 6 - (1 or 2 cards) value range intervals
Equally distributed data points: - All VALUE fields blank. Level ranges
are constructed such that each level range contains the same number
of data points.
Level value ranges: VALUE fields are punched with decimal numbers
proportionate to the size of the corresponding value ranges. If
more than 6ilevels, continue in the same format on the second card
up to a maximum of 10 levels.
STANDARD: Assign an equal range to each interval.
356
-------
ELECTIVE 7 - (5 cards) Symbolism
On the second - fifth cards: Punch in the appropriate columns the
characters desired. The designations for the card columns are given
in Table 4 as are the standard sumbol assignments. The second card
contains the "basic" characters making up each symbol, and the third
through fifth the "overprint" characters.
}
STANDARD: Symbolism as shown in Table 4. Standard level symbolism
is shown as a function of the number of levels (Elective 3) in Table 5.
ELECTIVE 8 - (1 card) Contour Lines
Suppresses contour lines between adjacent levels of symbolism.
STANDARD: Show contour lines.
ELECTIVE 9 - (1 card) Histogram Bars
Suppresses the histogram bars showing graphically the frequency distri-
bution of data point levels.
STANDARD: Show histogram bars.
ELECTIVE 10 - Not used (replaced by option 40 for AQUIP)
ELECTIVE 11 - (1 card) Printing actual value at data point
Prints the data-value at its data point location to 2 decimal places
with decimal point located at the data point location.
STANDARD: Show data point symbol (Table 4).
357
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TABLE 4
SYMBOLISM FOR LEVELS AND SPECIAL PURPOSES
Column Description Standard Symbolism
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
General symbolism for level:
Respective data point
symbols for level:
Low --general symbolism
Low --data point symbolism
High- -general symbolism
High --data point symbolism
Background symbolism
Symbolism for contour lines
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
No data (used only with barriers)
Superimposed data points
Data points with invalid values
Card no: 2 345
.
i
-
=
+
X
O
O -
O X
O X A V
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
*
L
L .
H
H H H /
N
S
M
358
-------
TABLE 5
STANDARD SYMBOLISM FOR VARIOUS LEVELS
column:
number of
levels desired:
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
8
9
10
general symbolism
123456789 1
0
data point symbolism
1111111112
1 234567890'
JB
OB
+ 0
+ 0
+ X
1 +
' +
t ^
« -
m
9
0
X
X
+
=
•
H
0
0
X
+
JR
B
0
0
X
•
B
0
o
K
sim
Q HK
1
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4 5
4 5
4 5
4 5
4 5
4 5
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8 9
89*
359
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ELECTIVE 12 - (1 card) Multiple Elective Repeat
All non-standard electives used in the preceding map of a single job
submission are to be repeated. Additional non-standard electives may
be added, but elective 12 may not be used if any electives are to revert
to standard.
STANDARD: Provide the required elective cards for each non-standard
elective to be used in each map.
ELECTIVE 13 - (1 card) Scale
VALUE (1): Number of inches on the output map desired to represent
one source map unit.
STANDARD: Establish the scale from the size and extreme point
electives (specified or standard).
ELECTIVE 14 - (1 card) Shift
VALUE (1): Distance between top border and top extreme edge of study
area, inches (positive, zero or negative).
VALUE (2): Left border
VALUE (3): Bottom border
VALUE (4): Right border
STANDARD: Extreme edges of study area (Elective 2) touch their cor-
responding map borders (all VALUE fields = 0).
360
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ELECTIVE 15 - (1 card) Characters per inch
VALUE (1): Number of rows per inch at which map will be printed
VALUE (2): Number of columns per inch
STANDARD: 8 rows per inch and 10 columns per inch.
ELECTIVE 16 - (1 card) large size
Required if the vertical or horizontal dimensions of the map (elective 1)
are to exceed 72.0 inches. WARNING: Size (elective 1) and large size
(elective 16) are to be used with caution; execution time goes as the
area of the map (in square inches)!
STANDARD: A map not exceeding 72.0 inches, or a map with larger dimen-
sion equal to 13.0 inches if either dimension is in excess of 72.0 inches,
is specified.
ELECTIVE 17 - (1 card) Suppress tabular printout of map data
Suppresses printout of output data for conformolines of data points,
immediately preceding map.
STANDARD: Tabular printout immediately preceding map.
ELECTIVES 18-20 - Invalid data range electives (see SYMAP documentation).
ELECTIVE 21 - Store output map on tape (see SYMAP documentation)
ELECTIVE 22 - (1 card) Continuous Contours
Display contour lines instead of descriptive symbolism if the space
between contour lines is too small to print both.
STANDARD: Suppress contour lines in case of conflict.
ELECTIVE 25 - Suppress Invalid data-point symbol (see SYMAP documentation)
-------
ELECTIVE 24 - (1 card) Suppression of Numeric Interpretation
Suppresses printing of the numeric interpretation ("ABSOLUTE VALUE
RANGE APPLYING ---", etc.) at the bottom of the map.
STANDARD: Print numeric interpretation.
ELECTIVE 25 - (1 card) Suppress Data Point Symbols
Suppresses appearance of data point symbols within zonal outlines of a
conformant zone map.
STANDARD: Print data point symbols.
ELECTIVE 26 - (1 card) Overprint Alignment
To correct the alignment of overprint lines to coincide with the lines
to be overprinted. REQUIRED FOR AQUIP on the Spectra 70/45.
STANDARD: Automatic coincidence for the IBM 7094 (reversed for the
IBM 360 and Spectra 70/45).
ELECTIVE 27 - .(1 card) Contour Map
Produce a contour map when both contour and conformant maps are included
in the same job submission.
STANDARD: Produce a conformant map if an A-CONFORMOLINES package has
been included in the submission.
ELECTIVES 28-50 - Not used.
ELECTIVES 31-33 - Extrapolation Range Electives (see SYMAP documentation)
ELECTIVES 34-37 - Search Radius and Interpolation Electives (see documentation)
ELECTIVES 38-39 - Not used.
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ELECTIVE 40 - (2 or more cards) Map Text
Replaces elective 10 in the standard version (to save core storage
on the RCA Spectra 70/45). Elective card is followed by cards con-
taining text punched in columns 1-72, for printing at the bottom of the
map. Any number of lines of text may be used.
The last card of text is followed by the '99999' F-MAP delimiter card.
NOTE: This elective must be the last one in the F-MAP package, and the
text must be included with every map for which elective 40 is specified,
even though the text is the same.
PROXIMAL-MAP ELECTIVES (3 cards)
The combination of electives 31, 36 and 37 is used to specify the proximal
type of map. Include one card for each of the three electives. No other
specification is required on these cards.
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5.3 AQUIP System Implementation
5.3.1 Subroutine FLEXIN
The interface between SYMAP and the other AQUIP programs has been
constructed using subroutine FLEXIN. Each of the data input packages
of Section 5.2, except 'F-MAP', invokes FLEXIN to read in data in the for-
mats given. It should be noted again that these formats differ from the
"standard" SYMAP input formats, principally in the manner in which
coordinates are input (right handed horizontal-vertical as opposed to
left handed down-across). The functions of each FLEXIN routine are
evident from the format specifications of Section 5.2, together with the
listing in the APPENDIX. Additional discussion of the potential uses of
FLEXIN may be found in the documentation with the distributed version
of the SYMAP program.
5.3.2 Data Flow, Isopleth Plotting
The purpose of this section is to relate the SYMAP functions
to the overall AQUIP system as shown schematically in Figure 2 of
Section 1.1. The analogous schematic data flow system is shown for iso-
pleth plotting in Figure 22. The same conventions have been used in
naming of input data sets (I), model data sets (M), computed data sets (C),
and programs (P). Each box of Figure 2 has been detailed to represent
the card decks (keyword packages) which make it up.
5.3.3 Data Set Descriptions
16. Map Option Package
16.1 E-VALUES -- A keyword package (3 cards, optionally
followed by data set C2 on cards) which selects the data field to be plotted.
364
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5156
16
E-Values
16.1
F-Map
16.2
Variables
for Plotting
Map Options
M4
A-Outline Study Area
M4.1 Outline
in
B-Data
M4. 2
Coordinates
of Data Points
C-Otolegends
M4.
T3
C2
A - Outline
B-Data Points
C - Otolegends
E- Values
F- Map
Isopleths of Air
Quality
Data
Values
Computed
Receptor
Concentration
Figure 55 Data Flow Diagram for SYMAP Analysis
-------
In AQUIP, this is the pollutant with 1 for part.iculates, 2 for SO 3 for
CO, 4 for hydrocarbons, and 5 for NOX.
16.2 F-MAP — A key word package containing the
title of the map to be plotted, together with any non-standard electives
to be specified. For the first map, the size and extreme points
(electives 1 and 2) should be specified, and the overprint alignment
(elective 26) must be specified for running on the RCA Spectra 70/45.
Optional electives such as those involving level ranges and symbolism
are usually, but not necessarily specified. For the second and following
maps, elective 12 may be specified to repeat all electives specified in
previous maps (except elective 40, if used).
M4 Base Map of the Study Region
This model dataset is referred to as the "base map"
since it contains all map information specific to the study area:
M4.1 A-OUTLINE -- A keyword package defining the
outline of the region to be mapped. For AQUIP, this region is the
"Hackensack Meadowlands District" with coordinates for vertices specified
in UTM coordinates for the boundary as depicted in Figure 1-14 of the
Task 1 report.
M4.2 B-DATA POINTS -- A keyword package defining
the coordinates of the receptor sites used in the diffusion analysis.
This package reads in a 'POINTS' data set, which is in fact the receptor
data set M3.2 used as an input to MARTIK.
M4.3 C-OTOLEGENDS --An optional keyword package in
which descriptive information is input for printing on the map (titles,
physical features, scales, etc). For AQUIP this package was not used,
366
-------
since a transparent overlay was considered more suitable for a large
number of maps printed at smaller scale (page size).
C2 Computed Receptor Concentrations
A keyword 'VALUES' package created as output from
MARTIK, in which concentrations are punched (or put to a card-image data
set). If on cards, this package is physically a part of the E-VALUES
package; otherwise the data set on which it resides is manipulated by the
E-VALUES package.
T3 Printed Output
This output consists of a listing of all input data
packages as read in, a list of map options, and the map or maps as
directed by the data set 16.
5.3.4 SYMAP and the Planning Process
The above discussions have been concerned with the mechanics
of setting up the data sets and specifications for use of SYMAP for iso-
pleth plotting. This section provides some examples of the roles of
SYMAP in the planning process. Only one of these -- that of isopleth
plotting of computed air quality -- has actually been used in AQUIP,
but the others may be readily incorporated. In each case, the data flow
pattern is similar to that of Figure 55.
1. Isopleth Plotting of Computed Total Air-Quality
This is the role of SYMAP as used in AQUIP, as ex-
emplified by the maps shown for the four plans 1, 1A, IB, and 1C for the
Hackensack Meadowlands Region in the year 1990 (Task 3.report, Appendix).
In each case, 'VALUES' representing the calibrated total receptor concentra-
367
-------
tions have been used as inputs to the program. For convenience, twelve
separate SYMAP runs (four plans, three seasons) were used to generate 5 maps
each (for the five pollutants).
2. Isopleth Plotting of Air-Quality Subsets
This role is a special case of (1), in which the re-
sults of particular types of MARTIK analysis discussed in Section 3.3.5
are displayed graphically. For example, if a diffusion analysis is
carried out on the proposed relocation of a highway, and the dif-
ferential concentration is computed, isopleth plots run with SYMAP will
show those areas in which the concentration is increased by the proposed
plan and those where it is decreased. Symbolism may, in fact, be selected
for two levels (positive and negative values) to delineate these regions
directly in the output. Isopleth plotting of "worst case conditions"
as generated by MARTIK is not recommended, due to the fact that these
cases assume a single wind direction, and the interpolation procedures in
SYMAP do not preserve the required source-receptor relationships. (Such
maps will show, for example, non-zero concentrations upwind of a source.)
3. Conformal Maps of Land-Use
This role of SYMAP, not incorporated directly into
AQUIP, is readily accomplished by constructing A-CONFORMOLINES and E-
VALUES packages from the LANTRAN input data set II. Formats for this
data set have been made compatible with this application in mind. If
one of'the original planning variables is to be displayed, such as
density of dwelling units, the output map for this variable will show
each zone or "figure" with shading determined by the density of dwelling
units assigned to that figure.
368
-------
Additional variables may be added to those of the input plan data set
(II) by coding them in the LANTRAN format.
4. Isopleth, Conformant or Proximal Maps of Gridded
Quantities ,
This role of SYMAP is of potential use in the planning
process, if presentation maps are to be provided using data defined on a
grid system as input. In AQUIP, plots of gridded data have been
successfully achieved using the 'PLOT1 functons in LANTRAN and IMPACT,
and therefore this capability has not been incorporated into SYMAP. To
do so would require straightforward modification of FLEXIN to accommodate
a 'GRID' format data set, with one routine '(IFORM=7) written to generate
the A-CONFORMOLINES package for the grid system, and another (IFORM=8) to
input the values at each grid cell for an E-VALUES package. Before making
this modification, programmers should refer to SYMAP documentation, and
in particular, the requirements of subroutines INFLAT and INVALS.
5.4 SYMAP Test Case
The SYMAP test case demonstrates how maps of the pollutant concentrations
were obtained. The land forms figures, legends for identification, and certain
map scale and size parameters determine the basic map form. Figure 56 shows
the base map with the overlay of the outline and legends used for the test
case. Data from MARTIK is used to obtain the concentrations at the receptors.
SYMAP uses this information to calculate the concentrations throughout the map
area; and prints the map of concentrations, together with the specified legends.
This test case maps the concentrations of CO and NOY, but SYMAP is capable
A
of mapping any variables which the user desires maps of. This output is very
useful for a visual display of the air quality that results from the land use plan.
369
-------
Figure 56 Base Map with SYMAP Legends
-------
Job Control Language
SYMAP resides on a link-library at ERT; the beginning JCL links
SYMAP and initiates execution. The dataset- required for the SYMAP run are:
FT01, FT02, and FT03 are work datasets. These must be provided for
every SYMAP run.
FT09 is the run-log dataset. It must be provided for any run of a pro-
gram in the AQUIP system.
FT13 is a VALUES package that was created in the MARTIK test case #2.
This values package was the annual air quality due to the background sources,
and the land use emissions.
Keyword Package Input
The first package used is an A-OUTLINE package, see Section 5.2.1. The
vertices given specify the four "islands," shown in Figure 56. The print
on page 1 tallies the vertices for each "island", and also gives the area
and the centroid of the "island". These "islands" are the areas where values
are going to be mapped into them. Note that there is no card distinguishing
the end of one outline "island" and the beginning of the next. The program
determines this from the repetion of the vertices.
The next package used is a B-DATA POINTS., see Section 5.2.3. This is
used to specify the location of the points where values are going to be spec-
ified. The data for this package is a POINTS package that could be used in
another program. The POINTS package used should be the POINTS package that
was used to specify the receptors when values were calculated. In this case
it means that the POINTS package used here should be identical to the POINTS
package used in the MARTIK test case #2 where the values were calculated.
The print on page 2 lists the points input. Note: SYMAP print uses
down and across, rather than the more common up and across coordinates.
This means that the Y coordinate that was input as a positive number is
listed as a negative number.
The legends that are to be printed are then input using a C-OTOLEGENDS
package, see Section 5.2.4. This package in this test case specifies some
point priented legends: AIRPORT, RIVER, and STADIUM. These are specified
by their location relative to a point. A line of blanks is then specified.
371
-------
This line has three vertices, two end points and one middle point where the
line bends. An area with overprinted (and) is specified. Finally, two more
point legends are specified.
Page 4 print echoes the legends to be printed. The locations and
description of each of the legends is listed.
The values associated with each of the points specified in the E-VALUES
package, see Section 5.2.5. This package is selecting the first value for
plotting. This was the CO in PPM during the MARTIK OUTPUT so it will be CO
in PPM here. The NU unit is 13, which is the dataset named AQUAL that con-
tains a VALUES package created by MARTIK test case #2. The effect is to in-
put the VALUES package created by MARTIK into the SYMAP program. The user
must take care to remember or label the VALUES package to be certain.
The user must retain the creating run, which is specified in the
VALUES label as MARTIK RUN 3019, to be certain he knows what the VALUES
are and how they were created. MARTIK run 3019 is the test case #2.
At the end of the page 4 listing the value for CO in PPM at each of
the points is given. These values were obtained from the VALUES package
created by MARTIK.
The F-MAP package created the map of concentrations. Section 5.2.6
describes all the possible electives for maps. Only some of these electives
were used in this test case. The electives not used remained their default
values.
The first three cards specify the title that is printed underneath
the map:
TEST CASE CONCENTRATIONS
CO
ANNUAL
Elective 1 specifies the horizontal dimension of the map to be 12 inches,
the vertical dimension, left blank, will be scaled to fit.
Elective 2 specifies the coordinates of the two corners of the map.
These coordinates are in the down-across coordinate system. The values
used specify the area to be mapped as the area which is being studied.
The Y coordinate is negative, unlike the Y coordinates in the other packages,
because of the coordinate system difference. Without this elective the
default values would have resulted in the mapping of a portion of space far
removed from the area of interest.
372
-------
Elective 4 specifies the minimum value to be .025. Values below this
value will be.flagged as L, unless this symbol is changed in another
elective.
Elective 5 specifies the maximum as .10. Values above this will be
flagged with H unless the symbol is changed.
The maximum and minimum are also used for the calculation o'f default
value range intervals.
Elective 7 was used to change the symbols printed from the default
symbols to the symbol input on the following cards. i,
Elective 8 was used to suppress the blanks between contour levels.
Elective 26 was used for overprint adjustment. This is needed on the
printer used at ERT.
The printout first tallies the Electives that were specified. Overprint
symbols are overprinted. The next page gives information derived from
the data. The map scale is calculated using the specified physical size of
the map, and the coordinates of the two corners of the map. Then using
printer row and column coordinates, the data point locations, their values,
and the value range interval the value falls in, are printed. The search
radius indicates the mean distance that had to be searched for finding
sufficient points to calculate a value.
The next page contains the map that results. Each point has a value
calculated by using the several adjacent points which were input values.
Locations outside of the outline "islands" are left blank. This permits
leaving the river blank to help reader orientation. The legends AIRPORT,
RIVER, etc., override the value symbols and provide another means of identi-
fying sections of the map.
With this map created the next step is to obtain the values for annual
NOX. The E-VALUES is used again, and again the VALUES package created by
MARTIK is referenced. This time the field specified is 2, the NOX values.
Because the values package had already been read, REW had to be specified
non-blank to rewind the file back to the beginning of the VALUES package.
The result is tallied on page 7. The values listed are the annual average
NOX values created by MARTIK test case #2.
The map is then made from NOX. Electives 4 and 5 are changed to reflect
the NOX ranges. Elective 12 is used to keep all the other electives at
their non-standard values. The map that results is a map of the Annual NOX
concentrations calculated by the MARTIK test case #2.
An ENDJOB terminates the run after the two maps have been created.
-------
//EF.TSYMAP jns (S»202ooo 100,tBT", 101.-".iKfEFE.ZI»••••—••,«4tO),»«,«
// MSGLFVEL*!
/•FARMS CnFIf.SpOS,LINFC7«00
//JYNAP EXEC »lRTHLS,RES10N,GO«14ZK,n"E.50«!
//L«F0.5»9LIN "0 •
INCLUDE LI«(FLE,LEVtL,I>
INCLUDE LlB(INFLAT,INCOVS.IN»AP,INIT,NU»CH«,INBA«8i8MFF'IN>
INCLUDE iIB(I*O»E'.HOBT.OI"SET,LE»SET,LI"n,STAND,F»DFto,n»npTs,«Ap)
INCLUDE LIB(BORnER.LiNE,OUT,LESO,SEC TIN,INSECT,BON,ALINI,covn)
INCLUDE t.IB(0>TSY".'l'T,Bi'.1B,tcl.CIJf,§AKIX,8inP?>,CONTOO,INFl3H)
INCLUDE LIBMNINTP,BLANK,FINAL, WGRAN)
INCLUDE ERTIHF.AOR.eRBK)
'/L«FO.LIB DO 09»"8Y«A«,OI9P«r)LD,
// UNITPSYSPV,VOL*(PRIVATE,RET A IN,SBR»AIR«AP),
// DCB>(RECFN>F8,LRECL*lERT«t|g.P9990080,EIITLIB,DI8F*9N»
//OO.FTQIF001 DO OSNINORKI,UNITBSYSCA.SFACEa(TKK*(10.18)),
// DISPX. DELI TF), OCR! (RECF«>vS8,LRECL*Bl,BLF.8IZPRlt*a)
//GO.FTOIF08I 00 09N««nRK2.UN!T«8YSOA, SFACEXTX, (10, IB)),
// DI9Fi|,OCLCTe:,OCR>(RECF»v9«,LRECL481,8LI(8!2Ell>8«)
//fiQ.MOSFOOl 00 D9N«MnBirl,UMITB9v90A,9PACE9(T*K» (to. 10)1.
// OI9PP(,OELtTE),OCI»(RFCFnlv9B,tRECL>ail,BL«SIZe*l»8ll)
'X UNIT«SY5PV,Vni»(PRlVAtE,BET«I*i,SER"AIRHAP)
A.OUTLINE >
1
576,0 05?!,0
5BJ.S OS21.0
AO.O 0520,6
•C.b 0520.8
»!,(! 0521.0
5*1.6
575.S
05?0.0
Ii5?li5
f 1.5
5 5fl ,S
6 5B2,'>
C-OTDLECE103
.
5??.5
52H.5
522.5
7 P
5 P
T P
Illl"
() 1
P P
1 P
579.0
5HC.I
578.0
S76.5
579.6
5*2.5
5*1,0
5*2.5
5«2.5
57*. 9
578.5
0522,1
0521 .8
0520.0
0522.0
0521.0
0521.8
«521.7
0521.0
0521 .8
0520,5
0522.9
I
II
CO
99999
'•Ml*
7E37 CUE Ca-CtMtl>»TIO»9
CO
ANNU
.025
.1"
.•xnn.*!rnn,,no
12,
5T»."
•a520.0 961.0
I
It
99449
I 1) « NOX
94444
r.»»p
7117 CASE CONCENTRATIONS
NOI
ANNUAL
I I.S
S ».<
II
44444
ENDJOS
Figure 57 SYMAP Test Case Deck Setup
374
-------
//ERTSVHtP JOB (S»JC;"«CCCO,t"T-., l01,-",N:no pPT:o>i3 s'ulMEp xiP.LlT.LlIt
TJL's^S) JJtO • 8I2E*i98)n«,II«i]
Ci3(-n',ktic«iV»L|t>,LEV{L|l'"lJTlINV»Ll(lNPT8,INlNO,INLIN8)
.uo L!B i"FLit,lNCBvii!xHp.llllTi'i)
L _P LIBI PE», SORT.61 "SET, Ltvll! I Li "III J!"'D.MOF it, P«OPTS,««>)
C"6 LIB 9oSou!fiN|.BuT.JieKjfiilh••»"»* -«'• .ytir'.-K.if'
["lot MT K|tOa,i
V'LJO
NV»L5
NPT3
NINO
skj:?
NjBvs
Mt
U«C"P.
OFIC
•J'
80POER
CO
518
'16
TOO
Oft
InIC
!i!?
«>c|
blljo
'55
ii
lift*
liH
IKO
hr
'}?
i
Figure 5S SYMAP Test Case Printed Output
375
-------
1 S027 IY«BI1APMIC COXPUTIR HAPPING PROOMH
B-OATA
(780720)
18 FCB |97« »«0t
TEST RICtPTOR ORIO
I.OATA POINTS
COORDINATES MANIPULATED SY ROUTINE >
POINT DO** ACROSS
( I) > 520 50 57) SO
! : ill V »"
*!
1 5087 SYNAGRAPMIC CO»PUTER MAPP1NI PROGRAM VERSION 5.) "JJJfJ' ,,,,,,, ,.12..«5»1!I!!.....«, . **SI 5
C'OTOL
C-OTOLEGtNDS
MANIPULATED BY ROUTINE 1
DOHN ACROSS »RO"I »COLS
VC«TF«
( 1) UtKPOKT1 JCROSS "0»
•uSja.10 174.00
( I) 'DlVLRi »C»OJS FRO"
"•5J1.80 1)0,10
( 1) 'STlDtu*' «CB05S ">0»
•USJ3.00 178.00
{ (1) I ' ON LINE
( I)
•1S21.SO 57«.00
•u'lJS.OO IZB.SO
.aSM So jtt 60
LENGTH" i.l»
( S) 'I1 IN »»E»
5SJ.50
?8}!00
iSilSO
58J.50
I
I»t»« 0.38
CENtloil -«!{«,!«, 582,59)
( 6) IP' »T »aiNT
LtNCT"« III
I»t»« 0.38
• 11*20,30 578,50
( 7) '!' «T POINT
0,
• «WJ,50 578,50 0, 0,
i so;; SYNAGRAPMIC COMPUTER HAPPING PROGRAH
AVERSION 5.8 (720720)
IB FER 197(1
E-VAH)
F-VALUES
HtRTIK RUN JOH DATE 11 FtS 14711
CO N0« £8 HyjROC,
N OK « 08
COORDINATES MANIPULATED BY ROUTINE »
DATUM VALUE
,U
0,01
2 8}
0,07
0,0*
50^7 SYN»GR«PHIC CO"PuTER H«PPIN«
VERIION S.I (720780)
11 PEB I97U
PAG( 5
1 S027 SYNA6RAPHIC COMPUTER MAPPING PROGRAM VERSION S.I (720720) IB FEB 1474 PAGE 6
F>MAP
TEST CAIE CONCENTRATION)
CO
ANNUAL
ELECTIVE
2 X'>!l~ll'll •» A.{ c ii
ml«;: ti=H \i
7 NE* SYHSOLI *Rl i»«tii«>
I Nn CONTOUR LINES IITHItN
26 CORRECTING BvERPRINTING
LWI.K>
Lmii
Figure 58 Contd.
376
-------
TEST CASE CONCINTBA.T10NB
CO
ANNUAL
MAP SCALE • 2.1000 INCHES 0«J OUTPUT MAP/UNITS ON SOURCE «AP
MAP SHOULD BE PRINTED AT 8,0 »0»S PtK INCH »NO jo.o COLUMNS PtR INCH
H:
DATA POINTS 'CD -UP
POINT an- COLU"N
DATu* VALUE
LtvtL
III
i IS
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Figure 58 Contd.
377
-------
1 iOJ7 SYNAGRAPHIC COMPUTER MAPPING PRQQRA* VERSION 5.S (720720) 1> 'EB 197U picl T
F.-VALU
MARTIK RUN 1019 OATF 11 FEB 14TII
co NOX c o HV&ROC. N ox so!
F«VALUES
COORDINATES MANIPULATED BY ROUTINE 6
DATUM VALUE
! \ 'M
I SOJT SVKtCRiPHIC COMPUTER HIPPING PPQGRI* VERSION •!,« (72072ft) |A FIB O7u p>GE 8
0993')
I 5027 SYKiGR»PHK COMPUTER HjpPING PROG»»>1 VERSION 5,« (720720) l» FEB 197U P4G( 9
F-HAP
F-M»P •
TfST CASE CONCENTRATIONS
NOX
ANNUAL
ELECTIVE
4 LO«tR DATA LIMIT IS 1.50
? UPPtH DATA Ll'IT it ».50
12 PRFVII1U3 MAP OPTIONS USED
TEST CASE CONCENTRATIONS
NOX
ANNUAL
MAP 3CALE • 2.11000 INCHES ON OUTPUT Mip/uNITS ON SOURCE MAP
MAP SHOULD BE PRINTED AT 0.0 ROMS PER INCH AND 10.0 COLUMNS PER INCH
ROM • (OUWN COORDINATE - •«}?}.95! • 19,2000
COLUMN • (ACROSS COORDINATE > 171.00! • 2U.OOOO
DATA POINTS F0» MAP
POINT R0» COLUMN DATUM VALUE LEVEL
01 II 1 2.2}
if i i :!i
10 »0 4 JiOU
Is i» i MS
STANDARD SEARCH RADIUS IS 1.1915
Figure 58 Contd.
378
-------
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Figure 58 Contd.
379
-------
380
-------
6. UTILITY PROGRAMS
The following three utility programs have been provided in addition to
the set of four programs which make up the AQUIP software system. The first
(METCON) provides the means for developing the climatological data for the
study region and period of interest. The second (UPDATE) is of use in gene-
rating and updating card-image files which may--optionally--be used as input
to AQUIP programs. The third (LOG-GEN) is provided in the event that the
AQUIP system disk files require regeneration.
6., 1 Meteorological Data Conversion Program (METCON)
METCON is a data-handling program which reads one or more wind roses
in non-standard format and converts it to type 1 (MARTIK 'METD1 package)
wind-rose format. The present version of METCON has been designed to trans-
form "Wind Distribution by Pasquill Stability Classes (5)" data sets as
generated by the STAR Program of the National Climatic Center, Federal
Building, Asheville, N. C. For the Hackensack Meadowlands Study, data
from Station No. 14734 (Newark, N.J.) was obtained for the period January
to December 1970 (8 observations daily) to generate the wind-rose used in
the model-validation studies, and for the period January 1955 to December
1964 (24 observations daily) for the 1990 air-quality projections.
The METCON program, like the regular AQUIP programs, is directed by
a Keyword package structure. Keywords implemented in the present version
are: PARAMETERS, STAR, and ENDJOB.
6.1.1 PARAMETERS
The format of the PARAMETERS package is given in Section 1.3.3. The
name, type, dimension, default value and a brief description of meaning is
given for each "parameter currently accepted by namelist &INPUT:
381
-------
Variable Type Dimension Default
Description
NORM
DEPTH
DMX
PAMB
L*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
TAMB R*4
UNIT 1*4
OUTP L*4
6.1.2 STAR
.TRUE. Normalizes wind rose to 1.0 if .TRUE.
400. Mixing depth in meters (see description
of METD package, Section 3.2.5)
0. Mixing depth for each stability (for
METD, see .Section 3.2.5)
1000. Ambient pressure in millibars (see
METD, see Section 3.2.5)
288. Ambient temperature in degrees Kelvin
(see METD, Section 3.2.5)
7 Output unit for METD data set.
.TRUE. If .FALSE., wind rose not written on
UNIT, but merely listed.
This package consists of the keyword card, followed by the "STAR" format
wind rose data, terminated by a '99999' delimiter, and performs the following
functions:
1. Reads STAR wind rose from unit 1C, checking to make sure all data
within package relates to the same station and the same month.
2. Normalizes, if requested.
3. Tabulates the wind-rose in MARTIK format.
4. Writes the wind rose on a data set with reference number UNIT.
If UNIT=7, the wind rose is punched.
6.1.3 ENDJOB
This card terminates program execution.
6.1.4 Numbered Error Messages
The following table constitutes the set of conditions checked in the
METCON program, listed by routine, number, and error cause.
382
-------
INPUT
10 Unexpected '99999' card encountered.
80 Undefined keyword
100 No keyword specified
800 Unexpected end of file.
INPARM
800 Unexpected end of file during namelist § INPUT.
900 Error in namelist &INPUT.
i •
INSTAR
120 Month (columns 64-65) out of range (Month <1 or Month >17).
121 Non-identical station number within package (columns 56-60).
122 Non-identical month within package (columns 64-65).
INE
20 Undefined line spacing parameter in column 15 (must be ' ', '0',
or 'I').
J58JL
-------
6.1.5 METCON Test Case
The following METCON test case shows how the STAR windrose was converted
into a MARTIK windrose. The STAR windrose was input on cards and the MARTIK
WINDROSE WAS OUTPUT TO UNIT 11.
The PARAMETERS package set the output unit to 11, and specified the mix-
ing depth, ambient temperature, and the ambient pressure. See Section 6.1.1
for the default values.
The STAR data was input. This data is the winter windrose for Newark,
New Jersey, generated by the National Weather Service's STAR program. The
STAR package lists the MARTIK windrose calculated from the STAR windrose,
and places the card image MARTIK METD package on Unit 11. Pages 3 through
7 list the MARTIK METD information in the same format as MARTIK will after
the windrose is input.
384
-------
//CKTUPDTI JOB t ie?o?uioooo, EBT.., i o i, ••-,"KfEPr. li 9.
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//PORT.8VIIN DO •
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//OO.FT09POOI 00 09N»C06I002.CII701.LO«D»T»,OI.W«SN»,
// UN.lT«8V9PV,VOl.«(FRmTE.RCT»IN.BEM»veOI6)
//BO.PTllPOOt DO OBN»«rTO,OI«P«nl.O.
•••••, 06io ),
It YF«R 8T18 NINTt* MIND ROSI
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//OO.FTOSP001 DD •
»»R»METC»8
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UNITXIi
NORM«.tllUE.,OEPTN«0, 000000, 000000. 00000
S3« B O.OOOHO. 000050. 000090, 000000. OOOOon. 00000
9N B O.OOOJ10. 000100. 000000. 000000. 000000, 00000
'911 B 0,000?IO, 000050, OOOOSO. 000000, 000000. 00000
H B 0,000050,000050.000000,000000.000000.00000
»N» B 0, 000190. OOOO'O. 000050,000000.00000(1. 00000
>*» B 0.000050.000050,000000.000000.000000.00000
NHu B 0,0001110.000050.000000,000000,000000.00000
X C 0.000100.000600.001 I 10. 000050.000000.00000
HOI C 0,000380, 001140. 002550.000000.000000. 00000
C 0, 000240. OOI3«0,0013UO. 000000. 000000. 00000
C 0.000210. 000510. 0009JO, 000000,000000. 00000
I C 0,000560. 000(80. 000)70, 000000. 000000. 00008
E9E C 0. 000210. OOOU60. 000650, 000000, 000000, 00000
C 0, 000100. 000?»0. 000060. 000000, 000000. 00000
C 0,000070.000970. 000880.000050,000000. 00000
3 C 0,000070. 00("»30. 000700. 000000. 000000. 00000
8SH C 0.000020.001060.0020110.000000.000000.00000
9k C 0.000750. 001810. 003560. 000000. 000000,00000
»5« C 0,000330. 001900, 001010,000100, 000000. 00000
• C 0,000100.000700,00)070.000090.000000.00000
•IN" C 0,000200,001200,003560.000090,000000.00000
NX C 0,000000.000560.002220.000090.000000.00000
1XM C 0,000000.000600,002300,000050.000000.00000
N D 0.0006BO, 002920. 009680. 0 1 0260 , 001 B50. 00051
HHl 0 0,001000,010000.010600.027270,0011610.00097
NC D 0,002170, 010600. 022000, 0171)0, 001690. 0009)
ENE 0 0,002100, 005190. 006990, 005560. 0009)0. 00006
E 0 0,00)660,007500.005190,002)60.000)20.00000
E9E D 0,001710. 000860, 000000, 001080. 000020. 00019
9( D 0,0009)0,001620.001710.0002)0.000000.00000
99( D 0,000880.00)610.00)900.001760,000)70.00010
3 D 0,001070.000000.007780.002190.000060.00009
89« D 0,002))0, 009000. 017550. 010510. 002080. 00101
9N D 0,00)970.01)190.0190)0.0091100.000690.0002)
H8H D 0,001850.009210.017500,017390.001670.00028
H 0 0,001020,000)50.0100)0,029810.0000)0.0009)
HUH D 0,000790.003900.0139)0.061570.016060.00)80
NX 0 0,000560.001900.009000.009300.015310.00616
D 0,000620. 002300. 009860. 0))!20. 009)50. 00235
0,001380.00)700,006200,000000.000000.00000
0,001090.007590,007600.000000.000000.00000
0,002290.007600.001990.000000.000000.00000
0,001020.00)130.000)20,000000,000000.00000
0,002)00.002010.000100.000000.000000.00000
0,000780.001760.000190.000000,000000.00000
0,000950.000560.0002)0.000000.000000.00000
0,001000.002960.000360.000000.000000,00000
0.001820, 000090. 000710. 000000. 000000. 00000
0.0006)0,013050.000090.000000.000000.00000
0.009030.026110.009290.000000.000000.00000
0,000720.020060.012960,000000,000000,00000
0,002)00.01)150.010770.000000.000000.00000
0,0010BO,00')»0. 016570, 000000. 000000. 00000
0.001170.005)70.011980.000000.000000.00000
0.000860.00)520.009260.000000.000000.00000
EN(
3t
9SC
XI
ENE
E
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99999
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|OT)0 l«|)55
107)0 2M>55
107)0 )MS55
|OT)0 HI 555
107)0 5*1555
10751 6M)55
107)0 7M153
IH7JO B»t)35
107)0 9*1355
10730IOM355
|0710|l»t)55
I07J»1J»n55
|075«H»n55
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I«71«I51H55
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IU731 I*1J55
107J1 JBHV5
10751 5M355
1 0750 «»HS5
|17J« 5BHSS
11751 6B 1 155
11751 7R1355
1175U (IM555
11731 9B)]S5
117S1IOBM55
I17J01 IB115!
117SII12BI355
1073113*1355
107J110B1S55
1 117)111 SB 1355
H7S016B1355
10731 ICI3S5
|07U 2C1355
1«Tla 1C13J5
107)11 OC1355
10731 SCI 355
10731 6C1355
10731 7CI355
I071C 8C1355
10730 9CI355
1 07301 OC1 355
107t011C|3S5
107301 2C|3S5
10731I3C1355
I0710IOC135S
1073115C1S55
107SOI6C1355
107)0 101355
10730 201355
10730 301355
107)0 001)55
107)0 50(355
107)0 601355
107)0 71)1155
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107)0 901)55
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1071016ED55
16911
1611?
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16012
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16111!
16012
16012
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1601?
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1611?
1611?
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16m?
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16m?.
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16012
16012
Figure 59 METCON Test Case Deck Setup
385
-------
//emiioa JOB 1£.GO«I
« • PRHC PR«»,PU«B 00000010
XXPOP.T EXEC PGN«IJYFOI". xoooooozo
XX >««««IIO, EBCDIC, SnuPCE, NOLUT, unOECK, LO»D, «»", 1000000)0
«> REGJON'tSOK 000000(0
XX8Y9PRINT CD 9Y8nUT«irR,DCB«(i6tOf (»a,i;o» 00000070
XX9Y9LIN DO L)NITi8Y90A,DiaP«<.PA88),8PACE«(JlOO.(IOO,SOn. X00000060
XI DCB«(.RECFtl«FII,|.Rr.CL«80,BLK8lZE»J200) 00000040
//FOOT. 9*911 00 •
IEF2J»I »LLOC. FPR ERTCII08 Fn»T
tEFJJTl 095 ALLOCATED TO 9YSPRINT
IEFJ1TI 0«0 »LLOC»TfO TO 9V9PUNCH
tEfJlTt 2J1 »UnCmO TO 9Y8LIN
IEFJ171 0»« »UOC»TEO TO 9Y91X
ICF|«2t - 9TEP .18 EXECUTED - CONO CODE 0000
IEF2B9I SY87«09e.T07U6UO,»VOtlO.EI'TCl I08.P0006001 P19IED
ifFitit VOL 9rn Nna. »csoo?.
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OC8«(,PFCF»«fB.LRECL«80,BI.K9IZE»J200!.nl9P«fOlO,OELETf)
FOR IRTC1IOB IKf.O
ALLOCATED Tn BYSPRI^T
ALLOCATED TO 9Y9LIB
'LLOCATtn TO
ALLHCATIO Tn 9Y3UU
ALLOCATED Tn 9Y9L"on
ALLOCATED TO SY9LI*
9TtP .19 EXECUTED • COND CODE 0000
9Y91.FHRTLIB KEPT
VOL 9F» N09l AC910I.
9Y»l,DflUBLEP KEPT
VOL 9(B SOS. AC910Z,
9Y97UoSB.Tn7tttaO.Rvono.ERTC HOB.ROOObOOJ DELFTFO
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9Y97Uo;e.Tn7U6002 OFLFTEO
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XXFTObFoni on 9YSnuT.lPP,OC«"(BECr".FB«,L»ECL.| 35,»L«3I7E«I?')H
lE'DMI 9UB9TITUT10N JCL • 9Y90UT«A,OCB«(RECFM«FBA,L«ECL«1J1,8LK8I7E«1!«6)
//tn.FTOIFOOl no 09N«CU6100J.eB701.LOCO»T»,OIS'>jHB,
// UNIT.9Y8PV,VOl• (PRIVATE,RETA!N,9ER«AVCPU)
//GO.FT11F001 DO D9N.Mf TD.DI 9P.11LD,
// UNIT«9Y9PV,VnLXPRIVAT[,RETAIU,9ER>AlRHAP)
//GO.FT05FOOI DD •
IEF216I ALLOC. FPU tRTCHOB GO
iE'2S7i ?si ALLOCATED TO PGH...OO
IEFJJ7I OB? ALLOCATED TO FTOtFooi
IEF»17I ui ALLOCATED TO FTOQFOOI
IEF217! 101 ALLOCATED TO FTHFOOI
IEF2371 16B ALIflCATEO TO FT05FOOI
IEF1II2! > 9TFP KA9 tXECUTEO > COND CODE 0000
IEFI85I 8Y97llo!8.TK7il(>llO.RVOOO.ERTCI108,r,09ET
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!EF?8JI Ca«1002.ER7(ll.LUGDATA
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IEFJ70I 9TEP /CO / 9TOP 7U058.1828 CPU OM1N
IEF28IT 9Y97«05«.Tn7ll6llO.RVOOO.EPTC110B,R0006001
IEF2BII VQL 9FR NC19. AC8002 1,
lEFJBil SYBTUOSB.TOTakoO.RVOOO.ERTCllOe.GOaET
IEF1851 VOL JER N09« AC9001.
IEF1751 JOB /ERTC1I08/ 9TART 7U058.1B27
IEP1761 JOB /ERTC110B/ 9TOP 7U01B.182B CPU 0"IN
KOOOOOltO
00000110
100000120
00000130
OOOOOUO
nnnoOlSO
OOOOOlTn
oooooieo
»00000l«0
00000100
LC9 OK
00000210
00000??0
KEPT
OII.7I9CC IAIN
MOT DELETED
DELETED
IJ,II»8CC
Figure 60 METCON Test Case Printed Output
386
-------
IEOIN "ITIOtOLOOICAL DATA CONVERSION PROGRAM VERSION t.O LEVEL 7201)1 HUM 10*1
22 20M METEOROLOGICAL OAT« CONVERSION PROGRAM VERSION 2.0 (7101)1)
27 til I«T«
22 2061
10 VIAR STAR "INTER HIND POSE (UNIT »>
OUTPUT DATA SIT FDR TMf FluOHlNS ROUTINE(S) 18 UNIT II
METEOROLOGICAL DATA CONVERSION PPaCfllN VERSION 2.0 (720111)
27 fit 1»7«
1»»0 STAR-GENERATED 4l*TEP »INO B09E
(UNIT !)
STAR DATA. rnB ATATTm, k.n I..TII. rnr. ...»..••« .•,.. .. ...... .-..,- n...r..»n
22 2061 METEOROLOGICAL DATA CONVERSION PROGRAM VERSION 2.0 (7201)11 27 FEB 1970
P«Gf
METEOROLOGICAL INPUT DATA
TVPE I HINDROSE 1990
AMBIENT TEMP • 276.00 DEC K
TOTAL FREQUENCY nr Or,
i) 2061 "ETfOPOLnSICAL DATA CDNvtc
ATFC HITTER MIN
PBEB • 101).23 MR
0.0
VERSION
2.0 (720111)
27 FCB 1970
22 2061
3T»HILP»
U21.0
CL«SS
HIND
OIR.
u
NMF
NE
ENt
E
ESF
3F
33F
3
3SH
3«
H8H
H
W*JI,
UK
NNW
I SUM
1
0.000100
o.oooioo
0.000190
o.oooiuf
0.00052P
n. 000110
0 . 0 0 0 1 u 0
O.OOCliO
0.000190
0.000190
0.3002UO
0.000280
0.000050
0 . OC 0 1 90
0 .OOC050
o.oooioo
0,001260
I >
I
1 O.OOC050
1 0 , 0 10 35?
I 0,31)0090
I o.cjnf.90
I n,ooo|9o
I 0,030093
: o.o
1 ,1,000090
I 0,000050
I C, 003050
I c.r.ooioo
I O.POOOS3
I 0.000050
I C,000?90
I o.roro50
I 0,500053
I 0.001180
I 3
t
I 0,3
I 0,0
1 0,000010
: o.o
! 3,0
1 0.000050
! 0,0
I 0.000050
I 0,000050
! 0,000090
I 0,0
I C, 000050
I 0,0
! 0,000030
I 3.5
I 0.0
l 0,000190
I o
I
I 0,0
I 0.0
I 0.0
I 0.0
I 0,0
t . 0.0
I 0.0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0.0
I 0.0
I 0,0
t 0,0
I 0.0
1 0.0
I 0,0
I 5
I
I 0,0
I 0,0
1 0,0
I 0,0
t 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0,0
I 0.0
I 0.0
I 0.0
I 0.0
6
o.n
0.0
0.0
0.0
o.n
o.n
0,0
n.n
.0
. 0
• n
.0
,0
.0
( ,0
0.0
0,0
I SUM t
I I
I 0.000190 I
I O.nn(ii9n i
I 0.000110 I
I 0.000210 1
I 0.000710 I
1 0,000070 I
I 0.000100 I
1 0,000070 I
I O.OOOJ90 I
I 0.000110 I
I 0,000180 I
I 0,000180 I
I 0,000100 I
I n. 000110 i
I 0.000100 1
I 0.000190 I
I O.OOOMO I
Tnr«L FRlGl'S'iC' OF OCCL'Of let ,CL»S» ? • O.oousl
»fTEOPOLnCICAL 0»T» CONVERSION PPgCNt" VERSION ' 2,0 (720111) 27 FEB 1970
STABILITY CIA33 1
HIMD I I
DIP. I
N I 0,000100
NNF I 0,000180
N[ I 0,000290
FNF I 0,000210
E I 0,000560
ESF I 0.000280
3E I 0,00011.0
S3E 1 0,0001170
S I 0.000070
SS" I 0. 000020
3H I 0.000750
HSU I 0.000110
H I 0.000100
HUH I 0.000200
NR I 0,0
NNW I 0,0
SUM I 0,000760
!>«»«
"I^OSOE.tD CL>53
2 ! 1
I
0. 000X00 I 0,001110
0. 001190 ! 0.00255C
0,00119? 1 0.001100
0.000510 I 0,000810
r, 000880 ! 0.000170
0.0001160 I 0,000630
0.000283 I C. 000060
0,000970 I 0,000880
0.000910 I 0,300740
0,001063 I 0.002000
0.301813 I O.OOJ360
0.001900 I 0.00)010
0.000700 I 0,00)070
0. 031260 I 0.001S60
0,000563 I 0.002220
0.000600 I 0.002500
0.015120 1 0.029709
023,0
0
0,000050
0,0
o.n
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,000030
0.0
o.o
o.n
0.000100
0.000090
0.000090
0.000090
0,000050
0.000)60
'
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
o.o
•
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
o.n
0.0
o.n
0.0
n.n
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
n.n
SUf I
I
0,001*60 I
0,000120 I
0.001020 I
0.0ni570 I
0.001X10 1
0.001190 I
0.000890 I
0,002170 I
0,002100 I
0,003520 I
O.OOMJO 1
0.005*00 I
o.onoooo I
0.005090 I
0.002870 I
0,001150 I
0.0501U9 I
TOTAL FREQUENCY OF OCCUPEMCE,CLA33 1 •
0.0301!
Figure 60 Contd.
387
-------
22 2061
"tTfOROLnCIC*L D«7« CONVERSION »ROGR»»
<7Zoi)i)
27 'It 1970
S7»8[lt7» CU«99 0
KIND I 1
019, I
X I O.OC0690
N>iF I 0,001000
"t I 0,002170
[ME t 0.002100
C I 0,003660
F3E I 0,001710
SE I 0,000910
3SF I 0.000980
9 [ 0.001070
33« I 0.002130
3» I 0,001970
»S» ! 0.001950
1 T 0.001020
4hk I 0.000790
«« 1 0.000560
•JUfc I 0.000620
SU« I 0.0265)9
DH»«
• luDsneo cusi
2 I 1
I
0,002920 1 0.009680
0.010000 I 0.0)0599
0,010600 1 0.0?IO>9
0,005190 I 0,006990
3.C07500 I 0,005190
0,00096.1 I 0,000000
O,nnl620 I 0.001710
0,00)610 I 0.00)900
0.000009 I 0,007780
0.009000 I 0.017550
0, 01)190 I 0.019050
0.009J10 I 0,017500
O.nposlO I 0,014030
0,101900 I 0,0159)0
0.001900 I 0.009000
O.P02510 1 0.009960
0.095227 I 0.195625
"*'"
4 1 5
1
0.014260 I 0.001850
0,027169 1 0,004680
0,0171)0 I 0.002690
0,005560 t 0.0009)0
0.001)60 I 0.000)20
0.001080 I 0.000420
0.0001)0 I 0.0
0,001760 t 0,000)70
0.002180 t 0.000460
0.010510 t 0.0020(0
0.009440 I 0,000690
0,017590 I 0,001670
0. 029909 I 0,0040)0
0,061568 I 0,016060
0,0095)9 I 0,015)20
0,0)1519 ! 0.009)50
0.28020) I 0,060918
6
0,000510
0,000970
0.000930
0.000060
0,0
0,000190
0.0
0.000140
0,000090
0,001090
0.000230
0.000280
0.0009)0
0.00)800
0.006160
0.002550
0,019720
SUM
0,029899
0,0749)8
0,055559
0.021229
0,019030
0,013060
0,000090
0.010700
0.016180
0,00)189
0,006549
0.008099
0.050569
0,102087
0.092*78 I
0.058199 l
0,6817)2 I
FBEI)UF«iCY
OCCUPEMCF.fUSS o •
0.6812)
OAT* CONVEBS10N
27 FE« 1970
SUBIllTr Ct*93 5
KINO I 1
DM<> 100,0
HUDSPFEO CL199
2 I J 0 5
6 8U"
KINO
1HR.
H
Nir
NE
ENE
FSF
St
«5F
33H
3«
U3k
u
WNM
hw
NNW
8U"
I 1
I
0.001)80
0.001090
0,002290
0,001020
0,002)00
0.000780
0.000950
0.001000
0,001820
0,000630
0.009050
0.000720
0.002300
0,001080
0,001170
0,000860
0,0)7719
2 I J
I
0,00)700 t 0.006200
0.007590 I 0.007600
0,007600 I 0,001990
0,00)150 1 0,000)20
0.002010 1 0.000100
0,001760 I 0,000190
0,000560 I 0,0002)0
0,001960 I 0,000560
0,000490 I 0,000790
0,015050 I 0.000090
0,026109 t 0.008190
0.020459 1 0.012960
0.01)150 ! O.OU770
0.009580 I 0.016570
0,005)70 t 0,01)980
0,003520 1 0,009260
0.1J7«9r I 0.098)77
0
0,0
0,0
o.o
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
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F-JO OF PROGRtH,
Figure 60 Contd.
388
-------
6.2 Data Set Generation and Update Program (UPDATE)
UPDATE is a program designed to facilitate handling of sequenced card
or card image data sets. UPDATE functions allow the user to:
1. Generate a new sequenced card image data set from unsequenced
cards.
2. Update an existing data set by inserting, deleting, or replacing
desired elements.
3. Move a data set from one unit to another.
4. Transmit information to the console teletype (for mounting and
dismounting tapes, etc.).
UPDATE is designed around the keyword concept. However, the keywords
and delimiters are of a special form, in order that source cards and keyword
data sets of other programs may be manipulated without confusion. Keywords
implemented in the present version are: '$GEN', '$MOD', '$MOV', '$MSG', '$END'
The end of package delimiter is '$$$$'. The format for the UPDATE keyword
card is as follows:
Columns
1-4
13-15
16-18
21-70
71-72
73-76
77-80
Format
A4
13
13
12A4,A2
A2
A4
14
Variable
Keyword
1C
JC -
TITLE
JF
KODE
N
Meaning
Input unit for data set
Output unit for data set
For identification
Non-blank if followed by
card (only for $MSG)
First four characters of
Remainder of sequence
comments
sequence
389
-------
6.2.1 $GEN
'$GEN' generates a new sequenced data set from card inputs. Sequencing
consists of KODE on the keyword card followed by an integer which is incre-
mented by N for each new record. The end of data set is assumed when '$$$$'
is encountered.
6.2.2 $MOD
'$MOD' allows modification of an existing data set. For certain manipu-
lations, the keyword card is followed by a directive card of the format:
Columns
1-8
65-72
73-80
Format
A8
A8
A8
Variable
Directive
Beginning sequence
number
Ending sequence number
The following manipulations may be performed:
1. List all card images on the input data set - by supplying 'LIST=YES'
on the directive card. Note that a LIST=| ^card must precede all other
directives.
2. Replace card images by inputting a card (on unit 5) with an identi-
cal sequence number as the card to be replaced in the data set.
3. Insert one or more input cards into the data set by specifying
sequence numbers (on the input cards) which are between those of the nearest
card images of the data set.
390
-------
4. Delete cards in a data set - by specifying 'D1 in column 1 of the
directive card with the beginning and ending sequence numbers in columns 65-
80. (If only one card is to be deleted, the beginning sequence number must
be blank.)
NOTE: In all cases, except for the 'LIST=YESf option, two data sets are
required: one for the input data set and one updated (output) data set.
6.2.3 $MOV
'$MOW moves a data set from an input unit (1C) to an output data set (JC)
Cards will be listed if JC=IC, JC=6 or JC=0. NOTE: The package delimiter
('$$$$') must follow the data set on unit 1C.
6.2.4 $MSG
'$MSG' sends a message to the operator by way of the console. On the
keyword card, JF must be non-blank. Columns 1 to 70 of the following card
will be printed. If another card of the message follows, JF should again be
non-blank. If execution is to continue, JC on keyword card should be zero.
If program is to PAUSE, JC should equal 1. An operator response of 'C1 will
allow continuation of processing after a PAUSE.
6.2.5 $END
'$END' signifies the end of execution. (Analogous to 'ENDJOB').
6.2.6 Numbered Error Messages
The following table constitutes the set of exceptions that may occur
in UPDATE, listed by routine, number and error cause.
391
-------
MAIN
20
GENER
20
300
MOVE
Undefined keyword
No unit specified on $GEN keyword card (1C).
Unexpected end of file on input file (unit 5)
4 No input unit specified (1C) or input unit greater than 5
and less than 10.
20 Output unit (JC) is 5, 8 or 9.
UPDATE
1 Error on input unit 1C.
2 Either all of the input data set records have been deleted
or the first input data set record is an end of file.
392
-------
6.2.7 UPDATE Test Case
The test case for UPDATE illustrates one example of each of the basic
UPDATE capabilities. The MARTIK METD package created by the METCON program
is converted into a sequenced deck, and then into a uni-directional windrose.
This run used temporary datasets because they were meant only for test
purposes. In actual use these datasets would be either cards or permanent
datasets whereever the values are desired to be saved. ,
FT09 is the run-log dataset.
FT11, FT12, and FT13 are three card-image datasets which are created by
UPDATE. The datasets required are entirely dependent upon the operations and
unit numbers specified by the user.
The initial input is a $GEN, followed by the METD package. The $GEN key-
work is peculiar in that the 1C is the unit where the cards are to be saved
after sequencing. In this case 1C was 11. For the sequencing rules see Sec-
tion 6.2.1.
After the METD cards have been sequenced and saved on Unit 11, a $MOV is
performed, see Section 6.2.2. This keywork simply moves the entire file from
Unit 1C to Unit JC. Now the card images on Unit JC. $MOV also generates a
list of the cards, pages 3 and 4.
Finally, a $MOD is performed, Section 6.2.2. The LIST=YES specifies
that the dataset will be listed after the changes have been made. The next
card is a replacement card, then the remaining cards are deleted, and finally
a 99999 card is added. The result of this is the creation of a unit-directional
windrose from the previous windrose. This new windrose is on Unit 13.
The run is terminated with a $END.
393
-------
//ERTUPOTE JOB ()B202-, 101 1 ••-.NKEC'E. II ••—--•••. «tlO), XX. X
// M89LEVEL«I(CLA99«B
/•PAHM8 Cf]PlE9«OJ
//P.EA01 EXEC peH«IEBUPnTE,PAP.M«NE«
//9YSPRINT DD (V90UT>t
//IV8UTI DD UNIT«»Y90A,OI9P«<,P»SS).8PACE«tTP.K,li,
// DCg«tRECP»«rB,L»ECL««O.BLI<9m«J200)
//9Y3IN DO •
./ ADD LI«T»ALL
tGEN it MOVC CARD IHAGES i IEOUENCE
./ CNDUP
/•
//HEIDI EXCC >G».If8U»DTJ,P»»««Nf«
//irsmiNT CD SYSDUT««
//9Y1UTI DD UNIT.3»SnA,DIS'X.»«3S),SF«Ce«(TI>p<,|),
//3Y8IX 00 •
./ ADD LIlTiiU
IUI
SHOV 11 12 HQVC I LIST ODD IMAGO
1HOD 12 I) ICHtNGf TO UNIDIRECTIONAL NINDRnU
I.IST«YlJ
« II 1.0 MfT 10
D »ET HOMET 810
««<«< M[T 110
Mil
1CND
./ ENDUP
/•
//UPDATE EXEC FOKTGCLG, REGION. GO«»SK,TI"E.SO»1
//FORT. SYSIN DO •
DO
// OD •
INCLUDE ERTtHEtnR.IHRX.ICHARX.INTX)
/*
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//CO.FT01F801 00 OSN...11UD1.SY8IITJ,VOL«REF««.REAI)I.«Y8UT?,
// 0!8P«(nLO. DELETE)
// 00 09N»llTD.DISP>OLD,
// UNlT«SYSPV,VOL"AIRH«P)
// DD OSNit. RE «D2,9Y9UT2,VOL>REM«. RE A02.9Y9UT2.0I9PI (OLD. DELETE)
//OO.PTOVOOI DD D3M«C«HOOJ.e»T01.LOGO»T»,OI3F«S»»,
// UNlT>9Y9PV>VOL*(PRIVATE>RETAIN,9E**AVC016)
//GO.PTI1P001 00 UNIT>8Y9DA,BPACE>(TRK,1).
// DCI>(RECPH>rB,LRECL*IO,ILKSI{E*12«0)
//OO.rT|2POOI 00 UNIT>9V90A,SPiCEl(TRK.l),
// OCg>(RCCPII>PB,LRErL«IO.BL««IZ(ll200)
//Gn.PTUPOOl DO UNIT>8Y9DA,SPACE«(TRKf 1).
// DCBltRECFM«PB,LP.ECL*IOiBLKSm>!200)
/•EOF
Figure 61 UPDATE Test Case Deck Setup
394
-------
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// D!SPP(OLO,DtLE7E)
// OD D8v«METD,2IaFpnLD,
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IIFII7I 211 ILLOC17ED TO FT09FOOI
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395
-------
»EOIN D»T»«ET GENERATION iNO UROITE •ROBRAN.
TABLE COUNT* X
2.0 irvtu TIOSH RUN ton
OATAMT OINIRATION AND UPDATE PR08RAM.
VKIION 1,0 (730111)
1 NAR 1*71
Niive 0*0 INAOE* t SEQUENCE
UNIT*U coor.HEio aiauam to
METD
l*»0 STAROBNERATED NINTER MIND
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RATION AND UPDATE PRnORAM.
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Figure 62 Contd.
396
-------
II 2011 D»T»MT GENERATION AND UPDATE PROGRAM, VERIION i.O (TIOHl) I MAR »47« PACE I
MOVI I HIT Ct*D INiGtl
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18 2011 DATA9BT GENERATION AND UPDATE PROGRAM,
VERIION 1,0 (710511)
"ET 110
1 «»R 1471
CHANGE TO UNIDIRECTIONAL HINOROII
INPUT UNITII2 OUTPUT UNITil) CODE*
IIGNOl
II 2011 OATAIIT OINERAT10N AND UPDATE PROGRAM. VfRlinM 2.0 CT105U) . 1 "AR 1471 PAGE 6
.1*..;.;.....................«.<
, HETD 1**0 ITAI'GINERATED "INTER KINO ROIE MIT 10
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Figure 62 Contd.
397
-------
6.3 LOGDATA Generation Program (LOG-GEN)
This utility program is used to initialize the AQUIP run log file at
system implementation or regeneration. All AQUIP programs access the LOGDATA
file at the onset of execution, to update the run-number for the program.
This file is permanently located on the AQUIP system disk at the New Jersey
Health Department's RCA Spectra 70/45 computer, and on an equivalent 2314
disk at the IBM 360/50 of the Department of Transportion. If these disk
files must, for some reason, be replaced, the LOG-GEN program must be run
before any of the AQUIP system programs may be executed. Once initialized,
the LOGDATA file is maintained by the AQUIP programs without attention. The
listing of LOG-GEN is given with those of the other programs in the Appendix,
and the file specifications have been given in Section 1.5 (see Table 2). No
data cards are required by the program.
398
-------
7. CURRENT DATASET CATALOG
The identity and location of the card datasets at the New Jersey fa-
cility are given in Figure 63. The first column gives the card drawer num-
ber that each dataset is in. The item number gives an order within each
drawer. The program which is associated with each dataset is given. Data-*
sets are described relative to the program they are input for when they may
be either input or output. The dataset code number, from the code numbers
assigned in the dataflow sections, is given for input and output datasets.
The keyword used to input the dataset is given when appropriate. The des-
cription is a brief description to identify the data within each dataset.
Finally the section is the section number of the Task 5 Report which describes
the keyword and dataset format for the dataset.
399
-------
NEW JERSEY DATASET CATALOG
27 FEBRUARY 1974
Card
Drawer Item
1 1.
2 2.1
2.2
3 3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7
3.2.8
3.2.9
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.4.1
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.5
3.6
4 4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.4.5
5 5.1
5.2
Program
SYMAP
SYMAP
MARTIK
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
SYMAP
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
IMPACT
LANTRAN
IMPACT
UPDATE
METCON
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
LANTRAN
Dataset
Code
—
—
M4.1
M4.2
16.2
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
M4.1
M4.2
16.1
16.2
M3.1
M3.2
M3.2
M2
—
--
-
--
--
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
M3.1
..
Keyword
__
—
—
A-OUTLINES
B-DATAPOINTS
F-MAP
E-VALUES
E- VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
E-VALUES
A-OUTLINES
B-DATAPOINTS
E-VALUES
F-MAP
PARAMETERS
POINTS
METD
SRCE
-
—
--
-
—
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
PARAMETERS
—
Description
SYMAP source deck - SYDK1-SYDK4
SYMAP source deck - SYDK5-SYDK9
MARTIK source deck (update 9/25/73)
Annual
Annual
Annual for pollutants: PARTICULATES,
SOX, CO, HC, NOX
Annual air quality, Plan 1A
Annual air quality. Plan IB
Annual air quality. Plan 1C
Winter air quality, Plan 1A
Winter air quality, Plan IB
Winter air quality, Plan 1C
Summer air quality, Plan 1A
Summer air quality. Plan IB
Summer air quality, Plan 1C
Summer outlines
Summer points
Summer air quality. Plan 1
Summer for pollutants: PARTICULATES,
SOX, CO, HC, NOX
1990 ANNUAL run (background)
1990 receptor locations
1990 ANNUAL wind rose
1990 annual background sources
Test case
Test case
Source deck (no JCL)
Source deck (no JCL)
Source deck (no JCL)
Output emission densities from LANTRAN,
1
Output emissions densities from LANTRAN,
Plan 1A
Output emissions densities from LANTRAN,
Plan IB
Output emissions densities from LANTRAN,
Plan 1C (part #1)
Output emissions densities from LANTRAN,
Plan 1C (part »2)
1990, Plan 1C run
Source deck (update 9/25/73)
Section
5.2.1
5.2.3
5.2.6
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.5
5.2.1
5.2.3
5.2.5
5.2.6
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.5
3.2.7
4.
2.
4.
6.2
6.1
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.1
Figure 63 Catalogue of New Jersey Datasets
400
-------
NEW JERSEY DATASET CATALOG. Contd.
Card
Drawer Item
6 6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.2.5
6.2.6
6.2.7
6.2.8
6.2.9
7 7.1.1
7.1.2
7.1.3
7.1.4
7.1.5
7.1.6
7.1.7
7.1.8
7.1.9
7.1.10
.-..-• .... / . ; -7.2 ,.....,..
7.3
7.4.1
7.4.2
7.4.3
7.4.4
7.4.5
7.4.6
7.4.7
7.4.8
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
Figure
Program
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
IMPACT ' ;
LOGGEN
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
IMPACT
LANTRAN
IMPACT
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
MARTIK
SYMAP
Dataset
Code Keyword
M3.1
M3.5
M3.2
M3.4
11. 1
11.2
11. 1
11.2
11. 1
11.2
11. 1
11.2
11. 1
11.2
Ml.l
Ml. 2
Ml. 3
Ml. 4
Ml. 5
Ml. 6
--
Ml. 7
Ml. 9
-••- •--',
--
15.2
15.2
15.2
--
--
—
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
63 Catalogue
PARAMETERS
COMPUTE 1
POINTS
RCAL
FIGURES
VALUES
FIGURES
VALUES
FIGURES
VALUES
FIGURES
VALUES
FIGURES
' VALUES
ACTIVITIES
COMPUTE 1
ACTIVITIES
COMPUTE 2
ACTIVITIES
COMPUTES
PARAMETERS
ALLOCATION
OUTPUT
..-,;•• •-"••;•
--
OPERATIONS
OPERATIONS
OPERATIONS
GRID
GRID
GRID
GRID
GRID
--
--
--
--
--
--
Description
1990 Summer, setup to use LANTRAN output
Vertical wind profile
1990 Receptors
1990 Receptor calibration
1990: Plan 1A, land use figures
1990: Plan 1A, emissions variables
1990: Plan IB, land use figures
1990: Plan IB, emissions variables
1990: Plan 1C, part 1, land use
1990: Plan 1C, part 1, emission
variables
1990: Plan 1C, part 2, land use
1990: Plan 1C, part 2, emissions
variables
1990: Plan 1, land use figures
1990: Plan 1, emissions variables
1990, Activities for are with Compute 1
1990, heat demand Compute
1990, for COMPUTE 2
1990, emissions compute
1990, for COMPUTE 3
1990, select point sources
1990
Mode 1 emissions allocation
1990, output emissions
Source deck, 36D DOS .
Source deck
'STANDARDS' operations
'DOSAGE' operations
'LAND USE COMPATABILITY SCORE'
operations
Define Hackensack 'REGION'
Plan 1, 'OPEN SPACES'
Plan 1A, 'OPEN SPACES'
Plan IB, 'OPEN SPACES'
Plan 1C, 'OPEN SPACES'
Mode 3 Air Quality - test case
'DOSAGE' test case
Mode 1 Emissions - test case
Mode 1 Land Use - test case
Test base based on 7.7 deck
Test case based on 7.10 deck
Section
3.2.1
3.3.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
2.2.2 •
2.2.4
2.2.2
2.2.4
2.2.2
2.2.4
2.2.2
2.2.4
2.2.2
2.2.4
2.2.6
2.3.1
2.2.6
2.3.1
2.2.6
2.3.1
2.2.1
2.2.7
4.2.3
4.2.3
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
of New Jersey Datasets, Contd.
401
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NEW JERSEY DATASET CATALOG. Contd.
Card
Drawer Item
8 8.1
9 9.1
10 10.1
11 11.1
12 12.1.1
12.1.2
12.1.3
12.1.4
12.1.5
12.2.1
12.2.2
12.2.3
12.2.4
12.2.5
12.3.1
13 13.1.1
13.1.2
13.1.3
13.1.4
13.1.5
13.2.1
13.2.2
13.2.3
13.2.4
13. 2. S
Program
SYMAP
SYMAP
LANTRAN
LANTRAN
MART IK
MARTIK
MART IK
MARTIK
MART IK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
MARTIK
Dataset
Code
__
—
—
--
M3.1
M3.2
M3.3
M2
M2
M3.1
M3.2
M3.2
M2
M2
M2
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Keyword
—
—
—
PARAMETERS
RECPCPOINT9)
METD
SRCE
—
PARAMETERS
RECP ("POINTS')
METD
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
SRCE
Description
RCA SPECTRAA 70/45 source deck
RCA source dect ( )
Source deck (obsolete)
Source deck DOS (obsolete)
1990 WINTER background
1990 WINTER background
1990 WINTER background
1990 AREA sources
1990 POINT sources
1990 SUMMER background
1990 SUMMER receptors
1990 SUMMER receptors
1990 SUMMER Area sources
1990 SUMMER Point sources
1990 ANNUAL background point sources
Plan 1, land use, POINT 6 GRID from
LANTRAN, 1990 Annual
Plan 1A, 1990 Annual
Plan IB, 1990 Annual
Plan 1C, #1, 1990 Annual
Plan 1C, »2, 1990 Annual
Plan 1, WINTER 1990
Plan 1A, WINTER 1990
Plan IB, WINTER 1990
Plan 1C, #1, WINTER 1990
Plan 1C, »2, WINTER 1990
Section
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.5
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.5
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
3.2.7
Figure 63 Catalogue of New Jersey Datasets, Contd.
402
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REFERENCES
Martin, D. 0., and Tikvart, J., "A General Atmospheric Diffusion Model for
Estimating the Effects of One or More Sources on Air Quality," APCA
paper No. 63-148, presented at the Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution
Control Association, St. Paul, Minnesota, June 1968.
Gifford, F. A., "Use of Routine Meteorological Observations for Estimating
Atmospheric Dispersion," Nuclear Safety, 2^4), pp. 47-51, 1961.
Pasquill, F., "The Estimation of the Dispersion of Windbome Material,"
Meteorology Mag., 90(1063), pp. 33-49, 1961.
SYMAP User's Reference Manual, Laboratory for Computer Graphics, Harvard
Graduate School of Design. Cambridge, Massachusetts (undated).
NAPCA, Air Quality Display Model, National Air Pollution Control Administration,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
403
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GLOSSARY
Activity, Activity Level - basic land use and transportation planning
units of intensity of use - vehicles per day on a highway, acres
of residential land use, square feet of industrial plant space.
Activity Index - a numerical conversion factor to transform the level of
activity specified for a land use category into demand for fuel for
heating purposes.
Air Quality Contour - a contour line in a plane (usually the horizontal
or vertical) representing points of equal concentrations for a specified
air pollutant.
Air Quality Criteria - factors used in this study that represent a basis
for decision-making, for example ambient air quality standards.
Air Quality Prediction - the calculation of current or future air pollutant
concentrations at specified receptor points resulting from the action
of meteorological conditions on source emissions.
Albedo - the fraction of solar radiation reflected from the ground surface.
Ambient Air - that portion of the atmosphere, external to buildings, to
which the general public has access.
Ambient Air Quality - concentration levels in ambient air for a specified
pollutant and a specified averaging time period within a given geographic
region.
Ambient Air Quality Standard - a level of air quality established by federal
or state agencies which is to be achieved and maintained; primary
standards are those judged necessary, with an adequate margin of
safety, to protect the public health; secondary standards are those
judged necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or
anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant.
404
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AQUIP - an acronym for Air Duality for Urban and JEndustrial Planning,
a computer-based tool for incorporating air pollution considerations
into the land use and transportation planning process.
Atmospheric Boundary Layer - the lower region of the atmosphere (to
altitudes of 1 to 2 km) where meteorological conditions are strongly
influenced by the ground surface features.
Atmospheric Dispersion Model - a mathematical procedure for calculating
air pollution concentrations that result from a specified array of
emission sources and a specified set of meteorological conditions.
Average Receptor Exposure - a measure of the average impact of air quality
levels on specific receptors; the measure is based on the integrated
receptor exposure divided by the total number of receptors in the
study region.
Background Air Quality - levels of pollutant concentrations within a study
region which are the result of emissions from all other sources not
incorporated in the model for the study region.
Background Emissions - the emissions inventory applicable to the background
region; that is, all emission sources not explicitly included in the
inventory for the study region.
Climatology - the study of long term weather as represented by statistical
records of parameters such as winds, temperature, cloud cover, rainfall,
and humidity which determine the characteristic climate of a region;
climatology is distinguished from meteorology in that it is primarily
concerned with average, not actual, weather conditions.
Concentrations - a measure of the average density of pollutants usually
specified in terms of pollutant weight per unit (typically in units
of micrograms per cubic meter), or in terms of relative volume of pollutant
per unit volume of air (typically in units of parts per million).
405
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Default Parameters - values associated with a parameter for a category of
activities (such as heavy manufacturing) assigned to the activity para-
meter for a subcategory of activities (such as electrical machinery
production) when the actual value for the subcategory is not known.
Degree Days (Heating Degree Days) - the sum of negative departures of average
temperature from 65°F; used to determine demand for fuel for heating purposes.
Effective Stack Height - the height of the plume center-line when it be-
comes horizontal.
Emission Factor - a numerical conversion factor applied to fuel use and
process rates to determine emissions and emission rates.
Emissions - effluents into the atmosphere, usually specified in terms of
weight per unit time for a given pollutant from a given source.
Emissions Inventory - a data set describing the location and source strength
of air pollution emissions within a geographical region.
Emissions Projection - the quantitative estimate of emissions for a specified
source and a specified future time.
Equivalent Ambient Air Quality Standards - air quality levels adopted in
this study to permit analysis of all air pollutants in terms of annual
averages; in cases where state and federal annual standards do not exist,
the adopted levels are based on the extrapolation of short period stan-
dards .
Fuel Related Sources, Fuel Emissions - fuel related sources use fuel to heat
area, or to raise a product to a certain temperature during an industrial
process, or for cooking in the house; they produce fuel emissions.
(See also Non-Fuel Related Sources.)
406
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Fuel Use Propensity, Fuel Demand - the total heat requirement (space
Heating plus process heating) determines the fuel demand; the propensity
to use a particular fuel or fuels determines the actual amounts of various
fuels used to satisfy the heat requirement.
HMting Requirements - the demand for fuel is specified in terms of the
heating requirements:
space heating - the fuel used to heat area, such as the floor space
of a school in the winter, is that required for space heating; the
heat content or value of that fuel defines the space heating re-
quirement (BTUs, British Thermal Units of heating content).
non-space heating, process heating - the fuel used to raise a pro-
duct to a certain temperature during an industrial process or for
cooking (with gas) in the home is that required for process heating
or non-space heating. It is generally not related to outside tempera-
ture whereas space heating requirements are.
percent space heating, percent process heating - the relative pro-
portion of a fuel or its heat content that is used for space heating
or process heating defines,respectively, the percent space heating
or percent process heating.
lapect Measure (or Parameter) - a quantitative representation of the degree
of impact on air quality or specific receptors resulting from concentrations
of specified pollutants.
Influence Region - the influence region for a study area is the geographical
region containing the emission sources responsible for at least 90% of
the ground level concentrations (averaged throughout the study-area) of
all pollutants considered.
407
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Integrated Receptor Exposure - a measure of the total impact of air quality
levels on specific receptors; the measure is based on the summation
within the study region of the number of receptors times the concentration
levels to which they are exposed.
Inventories - the aggregation of all fuel and process emissions sources is
called the emissions inventory; the components for use with the model:
current inventory - all sources for 1969
background inventory - all sources for 1990 not directly related
to the meadowlands plans.
plan inventories - all sources for 1990 related to the Meadowlands
plans; this excludes any source outside the Meadowlands boundary
and also excludes existing major single sources and the highway
network.
Isopleth - the locus of points of equal value in a multidimensional space.
Land Use Intensity - the level of activity associated with a given land use
category, for example the population density of residential areas.
Land Use Mix - the percent of total study region area allocated to specific
land use categories.
Meteorology - the study of atmospheric motions and phenomena.
Microscale Air Quality - the representation of air quality in a geographical
scale characterized by distances between source and receptor ranging
from a few meters to a few tens of meters.
Mixing Depth - the vertical distance from the ground to the base of a stable
atmospheric layer (also called inversion height).
Model Calibration - the process of correlating model predictions with observed
(measurements) data, usually to determine calibration factors relating
predicted to observed values for,each pollutant.
408
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Model Validation - the detailed investigation of model results by comparison
with measured values to identify systematic discrepencies that may be
corrected by alterations of model parameters or model mechanics.
Non-Fuel Related Sources, Process Emissions, Separate Process Emissions -
non-fuel related sources do not burn fuel primarily for heating purposes
or do not burn fuel at all; these include transportation sources, in-
cineration, and certain industrial processes; they produce process or
separate process emissions. (See also Fuel Related Sources.)
Ranking Index - a quantitative representation of the net impact on air
quality or specific receptors resulting from all pollutants being con-
sidered.
Receptor - a physical object which is exposed to air pollution concentrations;
objects may be animate or inanimate, and may be arbitrarily defined in
terms of size, numbers, and degree of specificity of the object.
Receptor Point - a geographical point at which air pollution concentrations
are measured or predicted.
Regional Air Quality - the representation of air quality in a geographical
scale characterized by large areas, for example, on the order of 50
square kilometers or greater.
Schedule - number of hours per year a fuel burning activity will consume fuel;
used to determine heating requirements.
Source - any stationary or mobile activity which produces air pollutant
emissions.
Source Geometry - all sources for modeling purposes are considered to exist
as a point, line, or area, defined as follows:
point source - a single major emitter located at a point.
line source - a major highway link, denoted by its end points.
409
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area source - a rectangular area referenced to a grid system; in-
cludes not only area-wide sources, such as residential emitters,
but single emitters and highway links deemed too small to be con-
sidered individual point or line sources by the model.
Stability Category - a classification of atmospheric stability conditions
based on surface wind speed, cloud cover and ceiling, supplemented by
solar elevation data (latitude, time of day, and time of year).
Stability Wind Rose - a tabulation of the joint frequency of occurrences of
wind speed and wind direction by atmospheric stability class at a
specific location.
Total Air Quality - the air quality at a receptor point resulting from back-
ground emission sources and from emission sources specifically within
the study region.
Trapping Distance - the distance downwind of a source at which vertical
mixing of a plume begins to be significantly inhibited by the base
of the stability layer, and gaussian vertical distribution can no
longer be assumed.
Wind Sector - a 22-1/2 degree wind direction range whose center-line is one
of the sixteen points of the compass.
410
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SPECIAL TERMS FOR TASK 5 REPORT
Allocation - a procedure in the LANTRAN program whereby data assigned
to a set of geographical zones is reassigned to the cells of a grid
i
system.
Card Image - one record of a tape or disc resident data set, containing
the equivalent of a single 80 column card.
Correlation Data Set - a gridded data set which specifies variables for
correlation with air pollution concentrations at each cell of the
chosen grid system.
Data Bank - a collection of data sets which has been organized for a
specific application.
Data Set - a collection of data organized in digital format suitable for
use or input to a computer program.
Delimiter Card - a single card used to denote the end of a Keyword Package.
Extent - the extent of a geographical point is unity, the extent of a
straight line segment is its length, and the extent of a polygon
zone is its area.
Figure - a geographical zone within which one or more sets of values related
to the zone's activity is uniformly applied.
Grid System - a two dimensional array of rectangular cells set up in such a
way that the cell with indices (1, 1) is located in the southeast
corner of the array.
Gridded Air Quality Data Set - a data set which specifies predicted air
pollution concentration in each cell of a grid system.
411
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Gridded Data Set - a data set which specifies the value of a particular
variable in every cell of a grid system.
Keyword Package - a set of program input cards, the first of which is
used by the program for control purposes and called a Keyword Card
and the following cards, if present, are used for data initialization.
Over-printing - the process whereby multiple characters are printed at
the same print position to achieve shading effects.
Parameter - a value assigned to a variable and held constant within one or
more computation steps.
Proximal Map - a map for which each character location on the printed output
is assigned the value of the data point nearest to it.
Symbol Table - a list of symbols which refer to variables defined on grid
systems.
Symbolic Name - an artifical name, consisting of up to 8 characters, which
is assigned to a particular gridded data set.
Symbolism - in SYMAP, symbolism refers to the set of single and over-print
characters used to represent data values.
Vertex - a geographical point at which the outline of a geographical zone
changes direction.
412
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-45Q/3-74-056-f
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIOWNO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
HACKENSACK MEADOWLANDS AIR POLLUTION STUDY -
AQUIP Softward System User's Manual
5. REPORT DATE
June 1974
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Edward C. Reifenstein, III, Robert J. Horn, III, and
Michael Keefe
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
ERT Document No. P-244-5
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.
429 Marrett Road
Lexington, Massachusetts 02173
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
EHSD 71-39
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Environemntal Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection,
Office of the Commissioner, Labor and Industry Building, Trenton, N. J. 08625
16. ABSTRACT
The Hackensack Meadowlands Air Pollution Study consists of a summary report and
five task reports. The summary report discusses the procedures developed for
considering air pollution in the planning process and the use of these procedures to
evaluate four alternative land use plans for the New Jersey Hackensack Meadowlands
for 1990. The task reports describe (1) the emission projection methodology and its
application to the Hackensack Meadowlands; (2) the model for predicting air quality
levels and its validation and calibration: (3) the evaluation and ranking of the land
use plans; (4) the planning guidelines derived from the analysis of the plans;
and, (5) the software system.
7.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
Land Use
Planning and Zoning
Local Governments
County Governments
State Governments
Regional Governments
Air Pollution Control
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
21. NO. OF PAGES
41?
Unlimited
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
JEPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
413
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