<>EPA
            United States
            Environmental Protection
            Agency
           Environmental Monitoring and Support
           Laboratory
           Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EPA-600/4-80-029
May 1980
            Research and Development
A Summary of the
Intel-laboratory Source
Performance Surveys
for EPA Reference
Methods 5, 6,  and 7
1978



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                RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES

Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U S Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series  These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
vironmental technology  Elimination  of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are

      1    Environmental  Health Effects Research
      2    Environmental  Protection Technology
      3    Ecological Research
      4    Environmental  Monitoring
      5    Socioeconomic Environmental  Studies
      6    Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
      7    Interagency  Energy-Environment Research and Development
      8    "Special" Reports
      9    Miscellaneous Reports

This report has been assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING series
This series describes research conducted to develop new or improved methods
and  instrumentation for the  identification and  quantification of environmental
pollutants at the lowest conceivably significant concentrations. It also includes
studies to determine the ambient concentrations of pollutants in the environment
and/or the variance of pollutants as a function of time or meteorological factors.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service. Springfield, Virginia  22161

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A SUMMARY OF THE INTERLABORATORY SOURCE PERFORMANCE SURVEYS
        FOR EPA REFERENCE METHODS 5, 6, AND 7-1978
                             by
              R. G. Fuerst and M. R. Midgett
                Quality Assurance Division
        Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
           U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
       Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27711
        ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS LABORATORY
           OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
          U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
      RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA  27711

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                                 DISCLAIMER

     This report has been reviewed by the Environmental  Monitoring Systems
Laboratory, U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency, and approved for publication
Mention of trade names or commercial  products does not constitute endorsement
or recommendation for use.

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                                   FOREWORD

     Measurement and monitoring research efforts are designed to anticipate
potential environmental problems, to support regulatory actions by developing
an in-depth understanding of the nature and processes that impact health and
the ecology, to provide innovative means of monitoring compliance with regula-
tions and to evaluate the effectiveness of health and environmental  protection
efforts through the monitoring of long-term trends.  The Environmental Moni-
toring Systems Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, has respon-
sibility for:  assessment of environmental monitoring technology and systems;
implementation of agency-wide quality assurance programs for air pollution
measurement systems; and supplying technical support to other groups in the
Agency including the Office of Air, Noise and Radiation, the Office of Toxic
Substances and the Office of Enforcement.

     The major concern of this study is to report the results of surveys in
the national quality assurance program for stationary source tests.   Surveys
were designed to estimate the analytical and computational accuracy that can
be expected with EPA Method 5 (dry gas meter only), Method 6 (sulfur dioxide)
and Method 7 (nitrogen oxides).  Statistical analysis was used to characterize
the data.
                                      Thomas R. Hauser, Ph.D.
                                             Director
                           Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
                             Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
                                     m

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                                  ABSTRACT

     A national  survey of methods in stationary source tests was conducted in
1978 by the Quality Assurance Division of the Environmental  Monitoring Systems
Laboratory, U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency,  Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina.  In this program,  quality assurance samples were sent to interested
participants for the measurement of a gas volume (Method 5,  dry gas meter
only) or the analysis of liquid samples simulating collected sulfur dioxide
and nitrogen oxides (Method  6 and 7, respectively).   Each participant returned
the analytical results to the Source Branch,  Quality Assurance Division, for
evaluation.  An  individual report was returned to  each participant after
processing.

     This report summarizes  the survey results for those three source test
methods.

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                                  CONTENTS

Foreword	iii
Abstract	iv
Tables	vi
Acknowledgments 	 vii

     1.   Introduction   	   1
     2.   Summary	   3
     3.   Recommendations  	   5
     4.   Survey Design  	   6
             Survey procedures   	   6
             Prospective participants  	   7
             Preparation and distribution of survey materials
                for methods 5, 6, and  7	   7
     5.   Statistical Data Handling  	   9
     6.   Discussion of  Method 5 Results	10
     7.   Discussion of  Method 6 Results	15
     8.   Discussion of  Method 7 Results	20

References	25
Appendices

     A.   Method 5 DGM data summary	26
     B.   Method 6 S02 data summary	28
     C.   Method 7 NO  data summary	38
                     X

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                                   TABLES
Number                                                                   Page
  1    Method 5 Survey 0578 - Laboratory Distribution 	  10
  2    Method 5 Survey 1078 - Laboratory Distribution 	  11
  3    Method 5 - Percent Difference from True Value  ..........  11
  4    Method 5 Survey 0578 - Frequency Distribution
        of Percent Difference  	  12
  5    Method 5 Survey 0578 - Summary Statistics  	  12
  6    Method 5 Survey 1078 - Frequency Distribution
        of Percent Difference  	  12
  7    Method 5 Survey 1078 - Summary Statistics  	  13
  8    Method 6 Survey 0578 - Laboratory Distribution 	  15
  9    Method 6 Survey 1078 - Laboratory Distribution .... 	  15
 10    Method 6 Survey 0578 - Frequency Distribution
        of Absolute Percent Difference 	  17
 11    Method 6 Survey 1078 - Frequency Distribution
        of Absolute Percent Difference 	  17
 12    Method 6 Survey 0578 - Summary Statistics	18
 13    Method 6 Survey 0578 - Summary Statistics (Outliers Removed) ...  18
 14    Method 6 Survey 1078 - Summary Statistics	19
 15    Method 6 Survey 1078 - Summary Statistics (Outliers Removed) ...  19
 16    Method 7 Survey 0578 - Laboratory Distribution 	  20
 17    Method 7 Survey 1078 - Laboratory Distribution 	  20
 18    Method 7 Survey 0578 - Frequency Distribution
        of Absolute Percent Difference 	  22
 19    Method 7 Survey 1078 - Frequency Distribution
        of Absolute Percent Difference 	  22
 20    Method 7 Survey 0578 - Summary Statistics	23
 21    Method 7 Survey 0578 - Summary Statistics (Outliers Removed) ...  23
 22    Method 7 Survey 1078 - Summary Statistics	24
 23    Method 7 Survey 1078 - Summary Statistics (Outliers Removed) ...  24
                                       VI

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                               ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

     Our deep appreciation is extended to each of the survey participants.   In
addition, we also express thanks to Ms. Ellen Streib who analyzed the survey
samples under our Acceptance Testing Program, and the programmers of the Data
Management and Analysis Division for providing the data management systems
necessary to store and summarize the survey data.
                                     vn

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                                   SECTION 1
                                 INTRODUCTION

     One of the responsibilities of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
is to provide adequate methodology as a means to monitor compliance with
emission regulations.  But to insure consistent results using EPA methodology,
a good quality assurance program must be maintained.

     The Source Branch (SB) of the Quality Assurance Division (QAD) of the
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (EMSL), EPA provides a nationwide
quality assurance program for air pollution measurement systems.  As part of
this overall program, the QAD began in 1977 to periodically provide reference
samples for analysis by any contractor, industrial, or governmental laboratory
that wished to participate in its program (1).  This program had three main
purposes:

     • to verify that the analytical and computational parts of the specific
       reference methods were being properly used,

     • to assist wherever possible to improve the quality of the measurement
       being made,

     • to aid the participating laboratories in assessing their analytical
       performance relative to that of other laboratories conducting similar
       analyses.

     These goals were realized by sending specific performance materials to
interested laboratories for analysis.

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     In the two source test method surveys conducted in May and October of
1978, the technique of volume measurement by a dry gas meter was examined.
This method is essential  to the Method 5 source sampling train (2).   Also
examined were the analytical  and computational parts of Method 6 for sulfur
dioxide (S09) (3) and Method 7 for nitrogen oxides (NO ) (4).  This  report
           L.                               '           X
describes the preparation and evaluation of these tests.

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                                   SECTION 2
                                    SUMMARY

     These quality assurance surveys were conducted in May and October of 1978
by the Quality Assurance Division of EPA's Environmental  Monitoring Systems
Laboratory.  They included participants from industry, contracting firms,
universities, foreign countries, and governmental  agencies.   Comparative data
from past surveys (1977) are also contained in this report.

     In examining the results of the Method 5 surveys, the investigators found
that an average of 55% of the laboratories requesting samples actually returned
data.  The reported results from responding laboratories  showed that 55% in
survey 0578 (May 1978) came within 5% of the true  value for  the requested
volume measurements, while in survey 1078 (October 1978)  70% were within 5%.

     For Method 6, an average of 56% of those laboratories requesting samples
returned data for both surveys.  Of those laboratories returning data for
survey 0578, 50% came within 1.28% of the true value in the  analysis of all
sample concentration levels, while in survey 1078, 50% were  within 1.71%.

     For Method 7, an average of 53% of those laboratories requesting samples
returned data for both surveys.  Fifty percent of  the responding laboratories
in survey 0578 came within 6.18 percent of the true value on all sample con-
centration levels while in survey 1078, 7.98 percent were able to do this.
(Outliers, i.e., anomolous values, were removed from the above summary figures.)

     Comparing the results of the two Method 6 surveys of 1978 with two source
surveys conducted in 1977, the authors found that  in 1977, 50% of the partici-
pants analyzing samples were 2.15 and 1.69% or less from the true value when
the results of all sample concentration levels were combined, while in 1978

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this same group showed results containing differences of 1.28 and 1.71%.
Calculating a weighted value for all  four surveys based on the number of
samples taken in each survey gives  a  50% value of 1.7%.

     For the Method 7 study, in two surveys conducted in 1977, 50% of the par-
ticipants came within 15.14 and 7.41% of the true value, respectively, while in
the two surveys conducted in 1978,  50% came within 6.18 and 7.98%, respectively
Except for the Method 7 result from the first survey (15.1%), the last three
surveys gave a weighted value of 7.2% for 50% of the participants.

     Whether these percent responses  indicate a definite trend in the analyti-
cal abilities of users of these two source methods will be judged from future
surveys.

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                                   SECTION 3
                                RECOMMENDATIONS

     To create a sample repository, the Quality Assurance Division of the
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory intentionally produced an over-
supply of samples for the surveys of EPA Methods 6 and 7 discussed in this
report.  These samples are available to any laboratory having a legitimate
need for them, such as training new analysts and conducting periodic external
quality control checks of the laboratory.  Included with these practice
samples is a statement of true concentration with no requirement for return
of data to EPA.  We recommend that all participants make use of this sample
repository, as it may help laboratories to increase their overall  analytical
skills with these particular EPA reference methods.

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                                  SECTION 4
                                SURVEY DESIGN

     The source sample surveys discussed in this report incorporate the experi-
ence gained from previous source surveys in such areas as survey procedures,
prospective participants, categorization and preparation of survey materials,
and data handling.

SURVEY PROCEDURES

     All surveys began with a master list of prospective laboratories which
had in the past participated or indicated a wish to take part in such a program.

     Prospective participants were sent a description of the survey methods
and instructions for participation.   Through a response card, each laboratory
indicated if it wished to participate.  Response cards were returned to the
appropriate EPA Regional  Quality Control Coordinator (RQCC) who collected,
logged, and forwarded them to the EPA contractor preparing the survey materials
for QAD.  Participating laboratories were assigned an identification number to
facilitate storage of their data in  the computer's data bank and to maintain
the confidentiality of each participant's results.  At a prearranged date,
requested survey materials were shipped to the participants with the instruc-
tions for sample analysis, a blank data card to report the completed analysis
values, and a mailing label for return of the data card to QAD.  When the sur-
vey was completed, the participants  received a computer data sheet containing
the results of their performances.   At the completion of all the studies, a
summary of the total  results will  be published without reference to any specific
laboratory.

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PROSPECTIVE PARTICIPANTS

     Using a previously compiled master list of laboratories from past surveys,
invitations to participate in the upcoming source surveys 0578 (May) and 1078
(October) were sent to all volunteers who had previously participated in one or
more of the source surveys.  Other laboratories were added to the master list
through their direct contact with the SB/QAD or the RQCC.

PREPARATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEY MATERIALS FOR METHODS 5, 6, AND 7

     To provide a check on the calibration of the dry gas meter used in the
Method 5 stack sampling train, a critical orifice device was developed to pass
a certain volume of air through the dry gas meter when the measured vacuum on
the orifice was at least 16 inches of mercury.  This device allows an analyst to
compare a volume measured at his location with one measured at an EPA location.
Volumes measured at both locations are compared to the original calibration of
the device, compensated for the effect of ambient temperature and pressure on the
measurement at both locations.  After initial calibration by an EPA contractor,
it is recalibrated by an EPA laboratory which rejects any device whose volume
measurement does not fall within ± 2% of the original calibration.  This process
of verification of the original calibration is known as Acceptance Testing.

     Participants in the Method 5 survey were instructed to insert the critical
orifice device in the probe connection of their gas sampling meter box, and,
after a warmup period, to take three 15 min volume measurements.  Using equation
5-1 of Method 5, they were told to calculate each of the three volumes in cubic
meters and record them on the data card along with other pertinent information
concerning sampling conditions.  They were then to mail the device and data
card back to EPA for comparison of volumes.  Some meter boxes were equipped
with diaphragm pumps that cannot pull 16 inches of mercury vacuum with these
audit devices.  Since a certain vacuum is necessary to produce critical flow,
new devices were constructed with smaller orifice openings that allow the
pumps to pull the required vacuum.

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     For all surveys of Methods 6 and 7, five different concentration levels
of simulated source sulfur dioxide (SCL) and nitrogen oxides (NO )  samples were
                                      ^-                         )\
prepared.  These solutions enabled the participants to analyze and  calculate
different concentration levels of S09 and NO ,  using Methods 6 and  7.  The true
                                    L.       X
values of these samples were based on theoretical  concentrations calculated
from gravimetric preparations and certain assumed  volume measurements.  After
sample solutions were made, their concentrations were verified with the appro-
priate methods.  This step was initially conducted by contractor personnel and
then by EPA personnel, via Acceptance Testing.

     Each sample solution, approximately 20 ml, was sealed in a 25  ml glass
ampoule, and five different concentration levels were shipped to the partici-
pating laboratories.  The ampoules containing NO  samples were autoclaved to
                                                /\
destroy bacteria that might possibly attack the solutions.

     Instructions for the Method 6 samples prescribed that 5 ml of  the test
solution be diluted to 100 ml through the addition of 30 ml  of 3% hydrogen
peroxide (H-O-) and distilled water.   An aliquot of this solution was then
titrated with barium perchlorate (BaCClO.]^) in the presence of thorin
indicator to a characteristic peach color endpoint.  To complete Method 6
calculations, the participants assumed they had an original  sample  volume
of 100-ml,
stack gas.
of 100-ml, and had sampled  21  x  10  3  DSCM  (dry  standard  cubic  meter)  of
     The analysis of Method 7 samples involved dilution of a 5-ml  aliquot of
the original test sample with 25 ml  of absorbing reagent, adjustment of the pH
to approximately 9 to 12, and dilution to 50 ml with distilled water.  After a
digestion procedure, a colorimetric  analysis followed.  To complete Method 7
calculations, the participants assumed they had sampled 2000 ml of stack gas.

     In each of our surveys, the samples were number coded.  The key for the
five concentration levels was based  on the first digit of the sample number.

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                                  SECTION 5
                          STATISTICAL DATA HANDLING

     Establishing performance criteria in order that participants could evalu-
ate their reported data was a major concern of the survey program.   The ideal
approach would have been to develop statistics on a large number of analyses
of the same sample made by laboratories across the nation at different times.
Since this was not possible at the start of our survey program, we  initially
developed performance ranges.  These performance ranges, based on the results
of collaborative test studies, defined an acceptable variability around the
known concentration of each sample.  Construction of these ranges was based
on the 1977 data summary of the Method fi and 7 surveys (1).

     This definition of performance ranges is arbitrary, however, because the
ranges are not based on the same statistical population of volunteers as was
used in the surveys.

     The 1978 summary report also used information collected from the previous
surveys of 1977.  From the participants' reported data, a frequency distribution
of percent difference was next devised showing how well all  participants dH in
those surveys when their results were compared against the EPA true value for
each concentration level.  We chose to develop frequency distributions to aid
the participant in his self-evaluation instead of the performance ranges we used
initially.  This method allowed comparisons and self-evaluations to be based on
results taken from the same participants.

     Although statistical comparisons are made between different surveys for
the same pollutant, each laboratory participating in the surveys can use
different analysts for each survey.  Thus, any increase in overall  survey
accuracy could mean the analyst is becoming more familiar with the methods,
or that better analysts are being used.

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                                    SECTION 6
                        DISCUSSION OF METHOD 5 RESULTS
     The distribution of the types of laboratories responding to surveys 0578
and 1078 about Method 5 (dry gas meter only)  is shown in Tables 1  and 2 below.
                         TABLE 1.   METHOD 5 SURVEY 0578
                                      Laboratory Distribution
                  Contractor  Industrial   Foreign  Federal   State  Local   Total
Laboratories
  requesting          48          18         1         2       9      3      81
  samples
Laboratories
  returning           25           6         1         1       8      2      43
  data
     The fact that a large percentage of participants request survey samples
but do not analyze and return their data in this and the other source surveys
is puzzling.  Probable causes for not returning data are either conflicts
with scheduled work or oversights -- failure to schedule the analysis of the
QA samples during the alloted time period.   These two reasons would not effect
the overall statistics of the survey.  However, if the sample results were not
returned due to suspected inaccuracy of the data the survey statistics would
be biased.   In case analytical  problems do  arise, the survey participant may
obtain a set of practice survey samples with their specific concentrations
listed.   These samples come from previous surveys, of which concentrations
have been released to the public.
                                      1C

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                         TABLE 2.  METHOD 5 SURVEY 1078
                                      Laboratory Distribution
                  Contractor  Industrial  Foreign  Federal  State  Local  Total
Laboratories
  requesting          55          28         6        5      14      6     114
  samples
Laboratories
  returning           30          14         4        2      11      4      65
  data
     Participants in this survey were instructed to take three 15 min volume
                                                               3
measurements, calculate each volume at standard conditions in m  using equa-
tion 5-1 of Method 5, and report their results on the blank data card provided.
     Since the compared results have been reported in percents, the participant
can readily discover his standing in the overall group of participants.  Percent
difference has been calculated as follows:

                              PD =   RVT" TV   x 100                (1)

                     where:   PD = absolute percent difference
                              RV = reported value
                              TV = true value
                             100 = factor to change decimal to percent

Table 3  (below) describes the participants' degree of accuracy when their
reported values were compared against the true value determined by EPA and
contractor measurements.

               TABLE 3.  METHOD 5 - ABSOLUTE PERCENT DIFFERENCE

Survey
0578
1078
1%
14
15
2%
21
31
3%
31
50
4%
43
61
5%
52
68
6%
64
78
7%
71
84
8%
79
88
9%
84
90
10%
89
94
                                      11

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     This table shows that in survey 0578, 52% of the participants were able
to measure within 5% of the EPA value, while in survey 1078, 68% were able to
do so.

     A summary of all individual measurements received from survey 0578 for
Method 5 is tabulated in Tables 4 and 5 (below).  All outliers in this report
were removed according to Chauvenet's Criterion (5).  All outlier tests are
used to remove suspected anomalous values from the various groups of survey
data.

TABLE 4.  METHOD 5 SURVEY 0578 - FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF PERCENT DIFFERENCE


All data
Outliers removed
10%
-9.6
-9.2
20%
-7
-7
.9
.9
30%
-6.8
-6.3
40%
-5.2
-5.2
50%
-4.1
-4.1
60%
-3.5
-3.5
70%
-2
-2
.1
.3
80%
-0.
-0.
1
7
90%
1.0
0.3

              TABLE 5.  METHOD 5 SURVEY 0578 - SUMMARY STATISTICS
                            MIN     MAX     MEDIAN    MEAN   STD DEV
                                                                       SKEWNESS
All data            180    -18.3   86.3      -4.1     -3.1    ±12.6      5.86
Outliers removed    172    -15.1    7.2      -4.1     -4.2    ± 4.2      0.29
     A summary of all individual measurements received from survey 1078 for
Method 5 is tabulated in Tables 6 and 7 below.

TABLE 6.  METHOD 5 SURVEY 1078 - FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF PERCENT DIFFERENCE

                    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%    60%    70%    80%    90%
All data           -9.0  -6.2   -5.2   -3.7   -3.0   -2.4   -1.7   -1.0    0.1
Outliers removed   -8.9  -6.2   -5.2   -3.7   -3.0   -2.4   -1.7   -1.0    0.0
                                       12

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              TABLE 7.  METHOD 5 SURVEY 1078 - SUMMARY STATISTICS



All data
Outliers removed

n
255
249
MIN
MAX
MEDIAN
MEAN
STD
DEV


(o/\ fo/\ f o/\ fo/\ ( o/\ Ql^FLJNF^
\ /o J \ lo J \ '° j \ i° } \'° I ^ *^~ « 1 ' ^ J J
-27.2
-12.4
45.
4.
2
2
-3.
-3.
0
0
-3.2
-3.5
± 6
± 3
.3
.2
3
0
.44
.14

     In Tables 4 and 5 for survey 0578, 70% of the reported data were found to
lie in a range of -15.1 and -2.3% difference from the accepted EPA value.  For
survey 1078 the 70% range was -12.4 to -1.7%.  In both cases when outliers
were removed -- 8 for survey 0578 and 6 for survey 1078 -- no large effect was
noted on this value.  The overall means of both studies were within 0.7% when
outliers were removed.

     Since the skewness values were near zero and the median and mean values of
each study were close to each other, both studies may be assumed to be normally
distributed.

     There was, however, a negative mean percent difference calculated for both
studies (Tables 5 and 7).  The weighted mean of both studies was -3.4% with
outliers removed.  When calibrated by an EPA laboratory, the orifices obtained
an overall -0.5 ± 1.2% difference when compared to the original calibration.
All percent difference values are based on the contractor's original calibration.

     A negative bias can be caused by leakage in the wet test, dry test meter,
or by infrequent calibration of  both meters.  There are several helpful publi-
cations on troubleshooting the dry test meter (6-8).  During calibration of
each device before each study, these devices must maintain ± 2% of the original
contractor calibration value, or they are sent for cleaning and recalioration.
This method follows  EPA's Acceptance Testing Program, in which the EPA contrac-
tor's determinations are verified by an independent EPA laboratory.  Although
the volume determinations made with the meter boxes are expected to  be within
± 2%, all participants' values have been calculated back to the original  con-
tractor calibration.   Our laboratory plans to continue examining the results
obtained from  use of these critical orifices as  calibration checks.
                                       13

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     All  results of these two Method 5 surveys are grouped according to the
Increasing concentration levels reported in Appendix A, so that individuals
may note their exact placement in the survey results.
                                      14

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                                   SECTION 7

                        DISCUSSION OF METHOD 6 RESULTS


     The distribution of participants in the Method 6 surveys, 0578 and 1078,
is shown in Tables 8 and 9 below.


                        TABLE 3.  METHOD 6 SURVEY 0578


                i	Laboratory Distribution	
            Contractor Industrial Foreign Federal State Local University Total

Laboratories
  requesting    72         19        2       4      15    8        0      120
  samples

Laboratories
  returning     34         12        2       1       86        0       63
  data
                        TABLE 9.  METHOD 6 SURVEY 1078

            	Laboratory Distribution	
            Contractor Industrial Foreign Federal State Local University Total

Laboratories
  requesting    56         29        5       3      15    7        1      116
  samples
Laboratories
  returning     26         20        2       1      14    5        1       69
  data
     Participants were instructed to use Method 6 for all analyses and report
their results, based on equation 6-2 of Method 6 (mg S02/DSCM), on a blank data

card.
                                      15

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     Tables 10 and 11  are frequency distributions of the absolute percent
differences between the participant's reported values and EPA values for each
concentration level.

     Table 10 reveals that 50% of the reported results for all sample concentra-
tion levels of Method 6 survey 0578 were less than or equal  to an absolute per-
cent difference of 1.28.  The bottom line of this table compiles all the data
regardless of concentration.   Table 10 is also useful for self-evaluation.  For
instance if a participant reported a value for sample 4 that was more than 1.81%
from the true value,  he would see that results from 70% of the participants were
closer to the true value than his.  The Min and Max values listed in Tables 10
and 11 show the lowest and highest individual percent differences reported in
the survey.

     To allow individuals to note their exact placement in the survey, all re-
sults are grouped  in Appendix B according to increasing order of concentration
levels reported.

     Tables 12 and 13 list summary statistics on survey 0578 about Method 6,
with and without outliers.  Tables 14 and 15 list summary statistics for survey
1078 (Method 6) with and without outliers.  Equations 3, 4,  and 5 were used to
calculate the statistics in these tables:

               % Coefficient of variation  =  -5- x  100;                  (2)
                                               X

                                      Z(X- - X)3
                       Skewness  =    	5	  i                        (3)
                                        n(s)J

                       Accuracy  =  Ml ~& 5  x  100  .                      (4)

where:     s  =  one standard deviation
          X  =  mean  value
          X.  =  individual value
          Mi  =  median value
          6  =  true  value
          n  =  number of values
                                      16

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TABLE 10.  METHOD 6 SURVEY 0578 - FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF ABSOLUTE PERCENT DIFFERENCE

NO.
Sample 3 63
Sample 4 63
Sample 5 63
Sample 7 63
Sample 9 63
All Samples 315
MIN
0.01
0.03
0.09
0.03
0.05
0.01
10%
0.22
0.20
0.17
0.15
0.37
0.21
20%
0.41
0.44
0.34
0.24
0.79
0.42
30%
0.67
0.61
0.60
0.49
1.21
0.69
40%
0.99
0.83
0.73
0.79
1.68
1.00
50%
1.28
1.08
1.09
1.00
1.94
1.28
60%
1.65
1.47
1.45
1.27
2.99
1.72
70%
2.30
1.81
1.85
1.77
4.35
2.41
80%
3.45
3.75
2.73
2.58
6.03
3.77
90%
4.11
4.50
5.20
4.54
13.5
6.03
MAX
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
MEAN
3.82
3.79
3.69
3.57
6.47
4.27

TABLE 11.
METHODS
6 SURVEY
1078
- FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF
ABSOLUTE
PERCENT DIFFERENCE

NO.
Sample 1 69
Sample 3 69
Sample 5 68
Sample 6 69
Sample 9 69
All Samples 344
MIN
0.00
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10%
0.20
0.25
0.37
0.52
0.23
0.30
20%
0.43
0.52
0.56
1.25
0.49
0.58
30%
0.67
0.76
0.80
1.97
0.68
0.86
40%
0.88
1.00
1.19
2.43
0.80
1.19
50%
1.25
1.20
1.77
3.93
1.25
1.71
60%
1.58
1.53
2.38
4.52
2.05
2.39
70%
2.01
2.55
2.76
6.10
2.57
3.11
80%
3.33
3.30
4.00
9.97
3.45
4.47
90%
4.94
4.78
6.42
17.4
5.22
7.12
MAX
23.5
23.4
867.0
48.9
48.1
867.0
MEAN
2.36
2.40
16.0
6.60
3.35
6.12

-------
            TABLE 12.   METHOD 6 SURVEY 0578 - SUMMARY  STATISTICS


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

3
63
686.30
672.
683.
87.7
13.1
-6.43
-0.50

4
63
2478.
2427.
2460.
318.
13.
-6
-0
Sample No.
5
63
50 1258.30
1229.
1250.
160.
1 13.0
.36 -6.48
.72 -0.67

7
63
1906.00
1866.
1894.
242.
13.0
-6.56
-0.62

9
61
190.70
194.
192.
11.9
6.1
0.58
0.58

*A11 sample
TABLE 13.
concentrations are
METHOD 6 SURVEY
in mg
0578 -
S02/DSCM.
SUMMARY STATISTICS

(OUTLIERS

REMOVED)


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

3
62
686.30
683.
683.
27.6
4.04
0.83
-0.47

4
62
2478.
2465.
2461.
102.
4.
1 .
-0.
Sample No.
5
62
50 1258.30
1249.
1250.
49.0
15 3.93
40 0.81
69 -0.66

7
62
1906.00
1895.
1894.
71.4
3.77
0.76
-0.62

9
63
190.70
193.
192.
29.9
15.5
-3.04
0.58

*A11 sample concentrations are in mg SO-/DSCM.

     As previously stated, participants  in  survey 0578  and  1078 each received
a set of five samples.   These samples represented five  different concentration
levels of S0?.   The sample numbers were  randomized from the numbers  0 through 9
                                     18

-------
            TABLE 14.   METHOD 6 SURVEY 1078 - SUMMARY STATISTICS


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
69
2555.00
2551.
2550.
109.
4.28
1.64
-0.22

3
69
1335.00
1332.
1329.
57.1
4.28
1.66
-0.47
Sample No.
5
68
572.00
645.
573.
603.
93.5
7.83
0.10

6
69
152.50
158.
156.
15.0
9.45
1.13
2.30

9
69
1754.00
1737.
1751.
132.
7.59
-3.23
-0.14

*A11 sample
TABLE 15.
concentrations are
METHOD 6 SURVEY
in mg S02
/DSCM.
1078 - SUMMARY STATISTICS

(OUTLIERS

REMOVED)


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
67
2555.00
2547.
2550.
67.2
2.64
-0.78
-0.22

3
67
1335.00
1331.
1329.
34.5
2.59
-0.13
-0.47
Sample No.
5
67
572.00
572.
572.
42.5
7.43
-4.02
0.00

6
67
152.50
158.
156.
11.4
7.23
0.30
2.30

9
67
1754.00
1743.
1752.
69.2
3.97
-1.21
-0.14

*A11 sample concentrations are in mg S02/DSCM.

     From an examination of Tables 13 and 15, no bias is evident, as reflected
by the low skewness value.  Lack of bias is also suggested by the small  diff-
erence between the mean and the true value and the low accuracy values.   The
low skewness value, and closeness of the median and true value also suggest a
normally distributed sample population.
                                      19

-------
                                   SECTION 8



                        DISCUSSION OF METHOD 7 RESULTS





     Tables 16 and 17 (below) show the distribution of samples in surveys 0578


and 1078 for the NO  method.
                   X




                        TABLE 16.  METHOD 7 SURVEY 0578


Contractor
Laboratories
requesting 62
samples
Laboratories
returning 29
data
Laboratory
Distribution
Industrial Foreign Federal State Local
9 2
7 2
3 76
1 3 4

University Total
0 89
0 46


TABLE 17. METHOD 7
SURVEY 1078



Contractor
Laboratories
requesting 49
samples
Laboratories
returning 21
data
Laboratory
Distribution
Industrial Foreign Federal State Local
23 5
13 3
4 11 7
1 8 6

University Total
0 99
0 52

     Participants were instructed to use Method 7 for the analysis and report


their results based on equation 7-4 of the method as mg NO /DSCM.   Under the
                                                          X

section called Calculations in Method 7, the analyst was instructed to report


the concentration of the NO  samples as N09.
                           A              £-


                                       20

-------
     Tables 18 and 19 are frequency distributions of the absolute percent
differences between the participant's reported values and the EPA values for
each concentration level.

     Table 18 reveals that 50% of the reported results in surveys 0578 and 1078
for all sample concentration levels of Method 7 were less than or equal to an
absolute percent difference of 6.18 and 7.91, respectively.  Like Method 6,
Tables 18 and 19 can be used for self-evaluation.  For example, if a participant
reported a value for sample 8 (Table 18) that was more than 15.7% from the true
value, he would see that results from 70% of the participants were closer to the
true value than his.

     To allow individuals to note their exact placement in the survey, all  re-
sults are grouped in Appendix C according to increasing order of concentration
levels reported.

     Tables 20 and 21 list summary statistics for Method 7, survey 0578, with
and without outliers.

     Tables 22 and 23 present summary statistics for survey 1078, Method 7.

     Examining Tables 21 and 23, no bias is evident, as reflected by a low
skewness value and the closeness of the median and mean value.
                                     21

-------
TABLE 18.  METHOD 7 SURVEY 0578 - FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF ABSOLUTE PERCENT DIFFERENCE
,

Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 6
Sample 8
Sample 9
All Samples
NO.
46
46
46
46
46
230
WIN
0.27
0.21
0.08
0.05
0.12
0.05
10%
0.35
1.07
1.11
0.40
0.55
1.07
20%
1.89
1.60
1.90
2.31
1.65
1.89
30%
3.03
2.67
2.71
3.06
2.13
2.73
40%
4.08
3.94
3.72
5.51
2.68
4.08
50% 60%
5 . 46 6.13
7.46 9.06
5.86 6.52
7.48 10.6
4.11 7.56
6.18 8.29
70%
9.14
12.1
9.27
15.7
10.5
11.8
80%
18.7
21.5
13.6
21.3
14.9
21.3
90%
45.7
65.7
52.2
49.6
48.9
64.3
MAX
142.
123.7
107.
101.
107.8
142.
MEAN
17.3
21.3
17.3
18.3
15.7
18.0

no
ro
TABLE

19.

METHODS 7

SURVEY

1078



- FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF

ABSOLUTE

PERCENT



DIFFERENCE


Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 5
Sample 7
All Samples
NO.
52
52
52
52
52
260
MIN
0.20
0.56
0.55
0.24
0.26
0.20
10%
0.77
1.78
1.53
0.87
1.70
1.45
20%
1.74
3.74
2.82
2.60
3.30
3.04
30%
3.12
4.79
3.56
3.90
4.72
4.34
40%
4.54
6.08
4.49
5.93
6.18
5.91
50% 60%
6.69 7.91
7.82 9.23
6.33 9.26
7.95 11.4
8.59 10.8
7.91 9.83
70%
11.5
13.3
13.3
14.6
13.8
13.9
80%
15.6
17.6
18.7
18.8
17.2
20.4
90%
54.6
47.3
32.6
26.5
31.5
47.3
MAX
320.
131.
130.
260.
135.
320.
MEAN
22.6
18.9
15.9
19.5
19.0
19.2

-------
            TABLE 20.   METHOD 7 SURVEY 0578 - SUMMARY STATISTICS


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
46
703.30
729.
701.
251.
34.4
1.61
-0.27

2
46
93.80
103.
95.2
36.7
35.7
1.68
1.44
Sample No.
6
46
515.70
524.
524
171.
32.6
0.90
1.66

8
46
937.70
958.
941.
301.
31.4
0.89
0.39

9
46
328.20
341
334.
101.
29.7
1.48
1.72

*A11 sample
TABLE 21.
concentrations are
METHOD 7 SURVEY
in mg NO
/DSCM.
X
0578 - SUMMARY STATISTICS

(OUTLIERS

REMOVED)


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
43
703.30
674.5
697.
140.
20.7
-2.14
-0.85

2
42
93.80
93.0
94.2
19.3
20.8
0.29
0.37
Sample No.
6
42
515.70
498.3
522.
91.9
18.5
-2.16
1.12

8
42
937.70
916.
940.
162.
17.7
-1.28
0.20

9
43
328.20
319.
333.
56.9
17.9
-2.13
1.49
*A11 sample concentrations are in mg NOX/DSCM.
                                      23

-------
            TABLE  22.   METHOD  7  SURVEY  1078  -  SUMMARY  STATISTICS

Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Modian*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
52
246.50
274.
257.
133.
43.6
3.55
4.14

2
52
730.
776.
764.
251.
32.
0.
4.
Sample No.
3
52
60 880.30
925.
910.
256.
4 27.7
98 1.82
61 3.33

5
52
123.20
137.
129.
52.8
38.4
3.88
4.30

7
52
457.70
491.
481.
161.
32.7
1.76
5.17

*A11 sample
TABLE 23.
concentrations are
METHOD 7 SURVEY 1
in mg
078 -
NO/DSCM.
A
SUMMARY STATISTICS

(OUTLIERS

REMOVED)


Parameter
Samples (n)
True value*
Mean*
Median*
Std. dev.*
% Coef. var.
Skewness
Accuracy

1
51
246.50
259.
256.
79.1
30.5
0.34
3.81

2
50
730.
740.
761.
177.
23.
-1.
4.
Sample No.
3
50
60 880.30
885.
908.
161.
9 18.2
75 -1.29
21 3.10

5
51
123.20
131.
128.
30.5
23.2
1.26
3.90

7
49
457.70
457.
479.
87.9
19.2
-2.14
4.57

*A11 sample concentrations are in mg NO/DSCM.
                                       X
                                      24

-------
                             REFERENCES

Fuerst, R. G., R. L. Denny, and M. R. Midgett.  A Summary of the Inter-
laboratory Source Performance Surveys for EPA Reference Methods 6
and 7 - 1977.  EPA-600/4-79-045, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27711, August 1979.  50 pp.
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources.  Revision to Reference
Method 1-8.  Federal Register, 42060):41776-41782, August 18, 1977.
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources.  Revision to Reference
Method 1-8.  Federal Register, 42_( 160): 41782-41784, August 18, 1977.
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources.  Revision to Reference
Method 1-8.  Federal Register, 42_( 160): 41784-41786, August 18, 1977.
Chauvenet, W.  Manual of Spherical and Practical Astronomy:  Volume II -
Theory and Use of Astronomical Instruments (Method of Least Squares).
J. B. Lippincott and Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1863.  pp. 558-565.
Rom, J. J.  Maintenance, Calibration, and Operation of Isokinetic Source-
Sampling Equipment.  EPA/APTD-0576, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27711, March 1972.
Hordo, L. A.  Errors in the Calibration of EPA Method 5 Dry Gas Meters.
J. of the Air Pollut. Control Assoc., 2_7_(8) :776-778.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.  Stack Sampling Technical Information
A Collection of Monographs and Papers:  Volume III.  EPA-450/2-78-042c.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina  27711, October 1978.
                                 25

-------
     INTERLABORATORY STUDY 0578
     Pollutant:    DGM
     Units:   Percent Difference
     (DATA IN  ASCENDING  ORDER)
                                                           APPENDIX  A
                                                   METHOD  5 DGM SUMMARY  DATA
rv>
CTi
18.3
18.1
17.8
17.5
17.0
15.1
14.8
14.1
13.6
12.3
11. S
11.7
11.7
11.4
11.2
10.7
-9.7
-9.6
-9.5
-9.2
-9.2
-9.2
-9.2
-9.1
-9.1
-9.0
-9.0
-8.8
-8.8
-8.J
-8.4
-8.6
-(.4
-8.1
-7.9
-7.9
                                   -7.9
                                   -7.9
                                   -7.9
                                   -7.9
                                   -7.4
                                   -7.5
                                   -7.4
                                   -7.4
                                   -7.4
                                   -7.4
                                   -7.3
                                   •7.2
                                   •7.C
                                   -7.C
                                   -6.9
                                   -6.8
•6.3
6.3
•6.2
•6.1
•6.1
6.0
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
;.2
-5.2
-5.2
-5.1
-5.1
-5.1
-5.0
-4.9
-4.7
-4.6
-4.5
-4.5
-4.4
-4.3
-4.J
-4.3
-4.2
-4.2
-4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.5
—

-
-
-
-
.
-



-;

-i




).5
.4
.4
.4
.2
.1
.0
.0
.9
'.8
.8
.8
.5
.5
.4
.3
.3
.1
                                                      2.1
                                                      2.1
                                                       .9
                                                       .7
                                                       .5
                                                       .5
                                                       .4
                                                       .4
                                                       .3
                                                      1.2
                                                      1.1
                                                      1.0
                                                      1.0
                                                      -.8
                                                      -.8
                                                      -.7
                                                      -.7
                                                      -.T
7
7
6
6
6
6
5
5
3
3
2
1
1
1
3
3
4
0
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
3.0
4.2
5.7
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.5
7.2
83.}
83.6
«6.3
     DATA  SUMMARY
                 180
                         Pi Its
                       -18.J
                          5.84
                                -9.4
                                        20*
                                                301
               -6.8
            -4.1
 40X     50X     60S

-5.2     -4.1    -3.5
                                                                              70S
                                                     80X

                                                     -.7
                                              90!

                                              1.0
                                              Hftt

                                             94.3
                                             WEAN

                                             -3.1
                                            STDEV

                                             12.3
    DATA SUMMARY (OUTLIERS REMOVED)
                 fSARP
                  172
             SKIVNESS  •
                          SIK

                        -15.1
                           .29
                                  101
-9.2
 MEDIAN
         J01

        -7.9
 301

-6.3
             -4.1
 40X

-5.2
 5 OS

-4.1
 602

-1.5
                         70t     80S     90S     MAI    MEAN   SIDE*

                        -Z.3     -.7      .3     7.2    -4.J    4.2

-------
     INTERLABORATORY  STUDY  1078
     Pollutant:   DGM
     Units:   Percent  Difference
     (DATA IN  ASCENDING ORDER)
ro
27.2
27.0
24. V '
12.4
11.7
11.7
11. *
10.6
10.5
10.1
10.2
-S.5
-«.4
-.o
.9
.9
.9
.9
.9
.8
.8
.8
.7
.7
.7
.6
.6
.6
                                                                                                     1.
                                                                                                     1.
                                                                                                     1.
                                                                                                     1.
                                                                                                     1.
                                                                                                     2.
                                                                                                     2.
                                                                                                     2.
                                                                                                     3.
                                                                                                     3.
                                                                                                     3.
                                                                                                     3.
                                                                                                     3.
                                                                                                     4.
                                                                                                    37.7
                                                                                                    41.0
                                                                                                    45.2
     DATA SUMMARY
                 255
                      -27.2
                         3.44
 102

-9.0
                                       201
                                              301
              -5.2
            -3.0
                      40X

                      -3.7
        ;ox
       -3.0
        60S

       -2.4
        7 OX

       -1.7
        80 X

       -1.0
        90X

         .1
      MAX

     45.2
      MEAN

      -J.2
      STOEV

        6.3
      DATA SUMMARY  (OUTLIERS  REMOVED)
                 *1»HP     HIM

                 249    -12.4
                          ,U
                                 102
         20X
-8.9    -6.2     -5.2
 MEDIAN  *     -3.Q
  4CX

-3.7
  50X

-3.0
  6 OX

-2.4
  7 OX


-1.7
  60 X

-1.0
90X

.0
 HAM

4.2
 HEAN    STOEV


-3.S     3.2

-------
                            APPENDIX B
                             METHOD 6
                         S02 SUMMARY DATA
INTEB-LABOBAT08T STUB?

POLLUTAWT - S02

SAHPLI WUH6E8 -  3
TRUC-VALUE  686.30
1EAM        672.31
9EDIAM      6S2.9Q

BATA IN ASCENBINS OSDEB
       057S
              UNITS
       HIilI£R*HS P£» 88*  STB  CUBIC  HETER
       8AW6E
       WAR I A MCE
       STD.
       COEf.
     770.00
    7696.96
      87.73
      13.05
               C.I.(UPPER)  693.97
               C.I.(LOWE  ill  650.64
               SKEHWESS     -6.43
               ACCUBAC?       -.50
     21.20
    573.60
    645.20
    657.40
    657.*0
    658.10
    659.00
    660.40
    660.30
    661.00
    662.60
    664 .40
    666.00
667.00
668. 10
672.00
672.40
674.90
675.00
676.00
676.20
676.20
678.00
679.00
679.30
679.40
6F9,
681,
681,
682,
6E2,
683,
6E3,
6E4,
6E4,
6E4
664
60
10
20
40
10
90
30
90
CO
30
70
80
                                   685.30
685.50
686.40
686.70
686.90
688.80
689.10
689.20
689.40
690.90
692.60
692.90
693.1Q
693.20
695.10
696.00
696.50
700.30
700.50
701.60
7C2.10
707.30
711.50
789.40
791.20
 I NTEH-LABOR AtOB? STUD*

 »OLLUT*NT  -  S02

 SAHPLI  WUHBES  -   3

 V                62
 THUE-WSLUE  686.30
 3 iff. 'n        682.81
             683.10
        0578

               UNITS  - MILLIGRAHS PE8 OR? STB CUBIC

       ••«*  WITH OUTLIERS BEHOWEO •»»*
        RANGE
        VAS
        STB, DEU.
        COEF.  VftR.
      2 17.60
      761.19
       27.59
        4.04
                C.I.(UPPER) 689.68
                C.I.(LOUE  85 675.94
                SKEyNESS       .83
                «CCUBAC¥      -047
 BATA IN ASCE^DINS OBDfA
     573.60
     645.20
     657.40
     657.40
     658.10
     659.00
     660 .40
     660.8 0
     661.00
     662 .60
     664.40
     666 .00
     667.00
    .10
 672.00
 672.40
 674.90
 675.00
 676.00
 676.20
 676.20
 678.00
 679.00
 679.30
 679.40
 679.60
 661.10
 681.20
 6E1.40
 6EZ.10
 6EZ.90
 66!
 663
 684
 6E4
 30
 90
 00
 30
 6B4.70
 664.80
 6E5.70
 6B5.50
 686.40
 686.70
 686.90
 688 .80
 689.10
 689.20
 689.40
 690.90
 692.60
 692.90
 693.10
 693 .20
 695.10
 696.00
 696.50
 70C.30
 700.50
 701.60
 702.10
 7Q7.
 711,
 789 .40
 791.20
.30
.50
                                     28

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  4

1               63
TRUE-VALUE 2478.50
SEAN       2427.12
OED1AN     2460.70

DATA IN ASCENDIN6 ORDER
                          0578
               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER
        RANGE       2866.80
        VARIANCE  1D0799.29
        STD. DEV.    317.49
        COEF. VAR.    13.08
                    C.I.(UPPER>2505.52
                    C.I.(LOWE  RJ2348.72
                    SKEWNESS     -6.36
                    ACCURACY      -.72
     76.90
   2085.20
   2344.30
   2355.60
   2367.CO
   2374.CO
   2374.20
   2379.70
   2380.00
   2385.50
   2421.30
   2430.00
   2431.60
2433.70
2434.40
2437.00
2437.00
2437.20
2439.00
2439.70
2442.10
2442.40
2445.CO
2451.00
2451.80
2452.00
2452.60
2453.00
2455.00
2458.40
2460.30
2460.70
2462.00
2462.50
2463.10
2463.30
2463.80
2464.00
2465.60
2467.20
2467.60
2468.00
2470.00
2473.90
2477.00
2477.00
2479.30
2479.60
2483.40
2485.00
2487.30
2488.70
2489.50
2499.00
2501.40
2509.10
2509.20
2561.60
2569.70
2580.30
2605.40
2803.80
2943.70
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT  - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  4

N               62
TRUE-VALUE 2478.50
4EAN       2465.03
MEDIAN     2461.35

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
        057E

               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER

       •••• WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED *••*
        RANGE
        VARIANCE
        STD. DEV.
        COEF. VAR,
      858.50
    10441.51
      102.18
        4.15
     C.I.CUPPER)2490.46
     C.I.(LOWE  R>2439.59
     SKEWNESS      1.4C
     ACCURACY      -.69
   2085.20
   2344.30
   2355.60
   2367.CO
   2374.00
   2374.20
   2379.70
   2380.CO
   2385.50
   2421.30
   2430.00
   2431.60
   2433.70
2434.40
2437.00
2437.00
2437.20
2439.00
2439.70
2442.10
2442.40
2445.00
2451.00
2451.80
2452.00
2452.60
2453.CO
2455.CO
2458.40
2460.30
246D.70
2462.00
2462.50
24tl.10
2413.3C
246!.EC
2464.CO
2465.60
2467.20
2467.60
2468.00
2470.00
2473.90
2477.00
2477.OC
2479.30
2479.60
2483.40
24P5.0C
2487.30
2488.70
2489.50
2499.CO
2501.40
2509.10
2509.20
2561.60
2569.7C
2580.30
2605.40
2803.80
2943.70
                                   29

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  5

H               63
TRUE-VALUE 1258.30
^EAN       1229.44
SEB1AN     1249.90

»ATA IN ASCEWD1N6 OR8ER
                          0578
               UNITS  - H1LLIGRAHS  PER
                                          STC CUBIC
        RANGE       1417.40
        VARIANCE   25591.84
        ST6. DEW*     159.97
        COEF. VAH.    13.01
                           C.I.«UPPER>1268.94
                           C.I.CLOWE  RM189.94
                           SKEWWESS     -6.48
                           ACCURACY       -.67
     39.00
   1CS3.80
   1170.00
   1190.10
   1191.20
   1192.90
   1202.90
   1216.40
   1218.70
   1220.00
   1224.00
   1225.20
   1225.50
1227.70
1230.30
1230.SO
1235.00
1235.40
1235.70
1239.40
1240.00
1240.00
1240.80
1243.60
1244.00
1244.00
            60
            30
            70
            SO
12*4
1245
1245
1247
1249.50
1249.90
1250
125C
125C
125*
1254
            10
            50
            70
            CO
            CO
        1255.CO
        1255.60
1256.00
1256.20
1256.80
1256.90
1257..20
1259.40
1259.80
1261.60
1262.10
1262.80
1263.40
1263.40
1264.10
1266.00
1267.00
1267.50
1268.30
1268.60
1273.70
1278.60
1280.00
1318.50
1421.40
1456.40
 I NTER-LABOBATORY  STUDY

 POLLUTANT  -  S02

 SAMPLE  MUHBEB  -   5

 S               62
 TRUE-VALUE 1258.30
 *EAN        1248.64
 lEBIAfc      1250.00

 DATA  }N  ASCEN01ME OfiDER
         0578
***«
                UNITS  - BILLI6RAHS f»E8 C«Y STB  CUBIC  H£T£R

                 OUHLIE8S BEHOVED **«*
         RANGE
         VARIANCE
         STD. DEV.
         COEF. VAR.
              4C2.60
             2404.77
               49.04
                3.93
                    C.1.CUPPEHJ1260.85
                    C.I.UOtiE   8)1236.«,3
                    SKEUNESS        .81
                    ACCURACY       -.66
    1C53.?0
    1170.00
    1190.10
    1191.20
    1192.90
    1202.90
    1216.40
    1218.70
    1220.00
    1224.00
    1225.20
    1225.50
    1227.70
 123C.30
 123C.50
 1235.00
 1235.40
 1235.70
 1239.40
 124C.OO
 1240.00
 1240.80
 1243.60
 1244.00
 1244.00
 1244.60
        1245.30
        1245.70
        1247.80
        1249.50
        1249.90
        1250.10
        125C.50
        12IC.70
        1254.00
        1254.CO
        1255.CO
        1255.60
        1256.00
               1256.20
               1256.80
               1256.90
               1257.20
               1259.40
               1259.80
               1261.60
               1262.10
               1262.80
               1263.40
               1263.40
               1264.10
               1266.00
                1267.CO
                1267.50
                1268.30
                1268.80
                1273.70
                1278.60
                1280.00
                1318.50
                1421.40
                1456.40
                                   30

-------
INTER-LAB OftATONY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  7

N               63
TRUE-VALUE 1906.00
4EAN       1865.95
HEDIAN     1894.10

DATA IN ASCENDIN6 ORDER
        0578
               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC M£T£R
        RANGE       2137.40
        VARIANCE   58547.23
        STD. DEV.    241.97
        COEF. VAR.    12.97
                    C.I.(UPPER)192S.7C
                    C.I.CLOWE   RM806.20
                    SKEUNESS      -6.56
                    ACCURACY       -.62
     58.60
   1612.40
   1787.80
   1792.CO
   1799.40
   1820.40
   1827.10
   1840.00
   1851.60
   1852.80
   1860.00
   1868.50
   1870.90
1871.70
1876.10
1879.70
1879.90
1881.40
1881.80
1882.10
1884.30
1884.50
1884.60
1885.10
1887.00
1867.30
1868.00
1890.CO
189C.90
1892.30
1892.80
1894.10
1894.30
1895.00
1896.60
1898.30
1899.50
19C0.70
19C1.50
1902.00
1902.50
19C4.10
19C6.50
1907.00
1907.40
1908.30
1908.80
19C8.80
19C9.80
1910.00
1914.40
1915.00
1921.00
1923.00
1923.30
1936.40
1936.60
1939.80
1942.20
1955.20
1992.60
2143.00
2196.00
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  7

t               62
TRUE-VALUE 1906.00
JEAN       1895.10
MEDIAN     1894.20

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
        0578

               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC  METER

       **** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED *••*
        OAN6E
        VARIANCE
        STD. DEV.
        COEF. VAR
      583.60
     5094.03
       71.37
        3.77
     C.I.1912.86
     C.I.tLOWE  RM877.33
     SKEUNESS       .76
     ACCURACY      -.62
    1612.40
    1787.80
    1792.CO
    1799.40
    1820.40
    1827.10
    1840.CO
    1851.60
    1852.80
    1860.00
    1868.50
    1873.90
    1871.70
1876.10
1879.70
1879.90
1881.40
1881.80
1882.10
1884.30
1884.50
1884.60
1885.10
1887.00
1887.30
1888.00
189C.00
1690.90
1892.30
1892.80
1894.10
1894.30
1895.00
1896.60
1898.30
1899.50
19C0.70
1901.50
19C2.CO
1902.50
1904.10
19C6.50
1907.00
1907.40
19C8.30
19C8.80
1908.80
19C9.80
1910.00
1914.40
1915.00
1921.00
1923.00
1923.30
1936.40
1936.60
1939.80
1942.20
1955.20
1992.60
2143.CO
2196.00
                                    31

-------
I NTER-LAB ORATORT STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SABPLE NUMES -  9
*               61
TRUE-VALUE  190.70
*E«W        193.73
«E01Af»      191. 10

BATA IN ASCENDIWS ORDER
                   0578

                          UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER  CRT  STO  CUBIC  METER

                  •«•• WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED ••••
                   RANGE
                   VARIANCE
                   STB.  6EV.
                   CCEF. VAB.
                   65.80
                  141.13
                   11.88
                   6.13
                 C.I.(UPPER)  196.71
                 C.I.(LOWE   R)  190.75
                 SKEMHESS        .58
                 ACCURACY        .58
    160.70
    165.CO
    179.20
    179.?C
    182.40
    184.60
    184.90
    165.00
    185.90
    187.00
    187.00
    187.10
    187.10
187.30
18 8 . DO
188.30
188.40
188.40
188.40
186.80
189.00
189.30
189.90
189.90
190.00
190.00
                            150.40
                            190.60
                            191.30
                            191.SO
                            192=00
                            1S2.20
                            192.30
                            19J.40
                            193.3C
                            193.40
                            193.50
                            193.90
                            194*00
                            194.30
                            194.50
                            195.30
                            196.00
                            196.90
                            197.60
                            197.60
                            197.90
                            199.90
                            SCO.10
                            201.30
                            2C2.00
                            203.40
                            208.60
                            211.00
                            212.30
                            213.50
                            219.60
                            221.20
                            226.00
                            226.50
   I NTER-LA80RAT081T STUOT

   POLLUTANT  -  502

   SABPLE  NUWBEB  -   9

   <(                63
   THUE-WALUE  190.70
   <*E««         192.46
   BED IAN       191 .80

        IN ASCENDING ORDER
                             0578
                             UNITS  - B1LLI6S8HS PER 687 ST6 CUBIC M£T£B
                      BANGE
                      VARIANCE
                      STS. 6EV.
                      COEF. VAR.
                    295.80
                    892.24
                     29.87
                     15.52
                   C.I.(UPPER) 199.83
                   C.I.(LOME  R> 185.08
                   SKEWKESS     -3«04
                   ACCURACY       .58
         5
       160
       165
       179
       179
       182
       184.60
       184.90
          .CO
          .90
          .CO
    70
    CO
    20
    20
    40
185.
185,
187,
187.CO
U7.10
187.10
187.30
188.00
188.30
188.40
188.40
188.40
188.80
189.00
189.30
189.90
189.90
19C.OO
19C.
150.
190,
190.
191.
191.
192,
192.
192,
192,
193.
193,
                     CO
                     10
                     40
                     60
                     30
                     80
                     00
                     20
                     30
                     40
                     30
                     40
                                     193.50
193.90
194.00
194.30
194.50
195.30
196.00
196.80
197.60
197.60
197.90
199.90
200.10
201.30
202.00
203.40
208.60
211.00
212.30
213.50
219.60
221.20
226.00
226.50
301.60
                                      32

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - 502

SAMPLE NUMBER -  1

*               69
TRUE-VALUE 2555.30
«EAN       2550.51
MEDIAN     2549.50

DATA IN ASCENOINE ORDER
        1078
               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER
        RANGE        984.30
        VARIANCE   11690.82
        STD. DEV.    1C9.C5
        COEF. VAR.     4.28
                    C.I.(UPPER)2576.24
                    C.I.(LOWE  R)2524.78
                    SKEWNESS      1.64
                    ACCURACY      -.22
   2170.70
   2289.70
   2385.10
   2426.90
   2428.70
   2440.40
   2452. 80
   2455.90
   2486.10
   2489.CO
   2503.70
   2503.70
   2505.20
   2509.00
2512.50
2514.30
2514.70
2515.20
2518.00
2519.00
2522.90
2525.00
2527.50
2528.50
2532.20
2533.00
2533.60
2537.00
2539.70
2542.80
2543.CO
2544.2C
2547.80
254B.50
2549.50
255:.oo
2552.40
2554.90
2555.PO
2559.40
2559.80
2563.70
          2565.00
          2565.90
          2568.40
          2569.70
          2571.40
          2572.10
          2573.40
          2574.60
          2575.00
          2577.50
          2577.70
          2583.00
          2587.00
          25"2.60
               2595.CO
               2605.80
               2628.00
               2630.CO
               2630.20
               2633.00
               2640.20
               2645.CO
               2654.00
               2654.60
               2684.40
               2687.80
               3155.00
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

 POLLUTANT - S02

 SAMPLE NUMBER -  1

 
-------
INTER-LABORATQR1 STUDY

POLLUTANT - 502

SABPLE NUMBER -  3

*                69
TRUE-VALUE 1335.03
*EAN       1332.31
MEDIAN     1328.70

DATA IN ASCENDING  ORDER
                           1C78
               UNITS  -  MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD  CUBIC  M£TER
R ASGE        5 23.70
VAR I ANC E    32 55 .68
STD. DE V.      57.06
COE F. VAR.     4.28
                                    C.I. (UPPER J1345.67
                                    C.I.(LOWE   RM318.75
                                    SK£yNESS       1.66
                                    ACCURACY       -.47
1123
1216
1264
1270
1272
1275
1277
1288
1294
1295
1297
13CO
1310
.1
.3
.5
.9
.4
.3
.4
.8
.2
.2
.9
0
0
0
n
u
/^
>j
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.5
0
1314.
1314.
1315.
1316.
1316.
1317.
1319.
1319.
131V.
1319.
1320.
1321.
1321.
00
60
00
00
90
40
00
00
40
90
70
20
60
   1311.CO
1322.80
1IZ3.2G
1323.40
1724.20
1324. PC
1325.40
1326. CC
1325.70
1T2KZC
1333.60
1335.70
1336.70
1317.70
1T35.CC
133S.3C
1338.40
1340.00
1340.20
1340.60
1342.00
1342.20
1342.20
1342.80
1344.00
1346.00
1346.60
1348.30
1350.90
1352.00
                                                                 1357.CO
                                                                 1360.80
                                                                 1362.00
                                                                 1369.10
                                                                 1372.50
                                                                 1376.00
                                                                 1379.00
                                                                 1381.CO
                                                                 1389.40
                                                                 1398.80
                                                                 1400.90
                                                                 1430.00
                                                                 1646.80
 INTER-LABORATOR V STUDY

 POLLUTANT  - S02

 SAMPLE  NUMBER  -  3

 V                67
 TRUE-VALU E 1335.00
 *EAN        133C.63
 MEDIAN      132E .70

 DATA  IM ASCENDING ORDER
         1C78

                UNITS  - MILLIGRAMS PER  DRY  STD CUBIC METER

        >***  WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED ****
 RANGE         213.70
 VARIANCE     1189.77
 STD.  DEV.      34.49
 COEF.  VAR.      2.59
                                     C.I.(UPPER)1338.89
                                     C.I.(LOWE  RJ1322.37
                                     SKEUNESS       -.13
                                     ACCURACY       -.47
1216.30
1264.50
127C.9C
1272.40
1275.30
1277.40
1288. f 0
1294.20
1295.20
1297.90
1300. CO
1310.50
13 11 .CO
1314. CC
1314.60
1315. CO
1316.00
1316.90
1317.40
1319.00
1319.00
1319.40
1319.90
132C.70
1321. 2C
1321.60
1322.60
1323.20
1323.40
132*.. 20
1324.80
1325.40
1326. CC
1328.70
1331.20
1333.60
1334.70
1T36.7Q
1T37.7C
1338. CO
1333. 3C
1338.40
1340.00
1340.20
1340.60
1342.00
1342.20
1342.20
1342.80
1344.00
1346.00
1346.60
1348.30
1350.90
1352.00
1357.00
                                                                  136C.80
                                                                  1362.00
                                                                  1369.10
                                                                  1372.50
                                                                  1376.CO
                                                                  1379.CO
                                                                  1381 .00
                                                                  1369.40
                                                                  1398.80
                                                                  1400.90
                                                                  1430.00
                                     34

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  5

1               68
TRUE-VALUE  572.DO
SEAN        644.64
MEDIAN      572.55

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                          1078
              UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC M£T£R
       RANGE       5244.10
       VARIANCE  3i3461.84
       STD. DEV.    6C2.E8
       COEF. VAR.    93.52
                   C.I.(UPPER ) 787.94
                   C.I.(LOWE  R) 5C1.35
                   SKEUNESS      7.83
                   ACCURACY       .1C
    286.90
    529.20
    537.6C
    547.CO
    549.10
    549.10
    552.00
    553.10
    556.70
    556.70
    557.20
    558.40
    560.CO
    560.50
561.90
562.00
562.10
565.00
565.00
565.20
566.20
566.60
566.90
568.00
568.CO
566.30
569.00
569.00
569,
5t9.
57D,
57C,
573,
572,
573,
574,
574,
575.
575,
576,
576,
40
70
30
40
50
CO
10
1C
9C
10
20
CO
20
576.30
5^6.60
577.00
577.70
577.90
579.60
580.30
583.40
584.10
584.80
586.00
586.00
586.00
587.80
589.80
 591.80
 592.00
 596.00
 598.CO
 599.30
 6C1.10
 608.70
 611.00
 611.50
 639.80
 698.50
5531.00
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

 POLLUTANT - S02

 SAMPLE NUMBER -  5

 1               67
 TRUE-VALUE  572.30
 *EAN        571.71
 MEDIAN      572.3D

 DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
        1C78

               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER

       **** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED *»**
        RANGE
        VARIANCE
        STD. DEV.
        CCEF. VAR.
      411.60
     1 E C4 . 16
       42.48
        7.43
                C.I.(UPPER) 581.88
                C.I.(LOWE  R) 561.54
                SKEWNESS     -4.02
                ACCURACY       .00
     266.90
     529.20
     537.60
     547.00
     5*9.1C
     549.10
     552.CO
     553.10
     556.70
     556.70
     557.20
     558.40
     560.00
     560.50
 561.90
 562.00
 56Z.10
 565.00
 565.00
 565.20
 566.20
 566.60
 566.90
 568.00
 566.00
 568.30
 569.00
 569.00
 5t?.40
 569.70
 57D.70
 57?.40
 57D.50
 572.CO
 57!.10
 574.1C
 574.90
 575.10
 575.20
 576.CO
 576.20
 57i.3c
            576.60
            577.00
            577.70
            577.90
            579.60
            580.30
            5P3.40
            5P4.1Q
            584.80
            586.00
            586.00
            586.00
            587.80
            589.80
                591.80
                592.00
                596.CO
                598.00
                599.30
                601.10
                606.70
                611.00
                611.50
                639.80
                698.50
                                     35

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  6

1               69
TRUE-VALUE  152.53
*EAN        158.29
1EDIAN      156.DO

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                   1 C78
                          UNITS  -  MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC WETER
                  RANGE
                  VARIANCE
                  STD. DEV.
                  COE F. VAR.
                     1 12.20
                     2 23.96
                      14.97
                      9.45
                    C.I.(UPPER ) 161 .83
                    C.I.UOHE   R)  154.76
                    SKEUNESS       1.13
                    ACCURACY       2.30
    114.80
    120.00
    136.CO
    142.60
    143.20
    144.90
    145.60
    147,
    147,
    148
10
60
70
    149.50
    149.50
    149.50
    150.40
151.30
151.70
152.50
152.50
153.CO
153.00
153.03
153.90
153.90
154.CO
154.10
154.10
154.^,0
154.40
154,
154,
155,
155,
156,
1 56.
15£,
156,
US.
156.
157,
1 57.
15P.
5C
"C
30
6C
CO
CC
CO
CO
20
9C
rc
10
50
                                   155.50
158.50
159.00
159.10
159.20
159.30
159,
160.
160.
160,
161 ,
163.00
163.00
163.90
164.70
.50
,00
.40
.80
.40
164.80
167.70
167.80
173.70
175.60
176.40
178.10
179.00
181.CO
183.00
183.00
189.70
227.00
  INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

  9QLLUTANT - S02

  SAMPLE NUMBER -  i

  
-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - S02

SAMPLE NUMBER -  9

M               69
TRUE-VALUE 1754.30
JEAN       1737.41
MEDIAN     1751.50

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                          1C78
              UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRV STD CUBIC M£T£R
RANGE       1251.40
VARIANCE   17395.91
STD. DEV.    131.89
COEF. VAR.     7.59
                                  C.I.(UPPER)1768.56
                                  C.I.(LOWE  R>1706.32
                                  SKEUNFSS     -3.23
                                  ACCURACY      -.14
    910.CO
   1447.70
   1515.50
   1599.90
   1632.00
   1667.40
   1677.70
   1680.90
   1699.80
   17C0.6C
   1701.40
   17C7.60
   17C8.10
   1709.CO
1709.
1717.
1717,
1718.
1726,
1728.
1731.
1732.
1733.80
1734.30
1736.00
1737.30
174C.80
1740.60
    ,50
    ,00
    ,60
    .30
    .00
    .00
    .60
    .GO
       1741.40
       1743.CO
       1745.90
       1748.60
       1749.90
       1751.
       1751.
       1754.CO
       1754.9C
       175ft.50
       1758.CO
       1758.CO
       1759.CO
       1761.1C
.00
,50
1762.60
1763.10
1763.40
1763.50
1764.20
1765.00
1766.00
1767.10
1767.9C
1767.90
1768.00
1768.00
1770.50
1784.00
17°0.00
179C.CO
1795.CO
1796,00
1798.00
18C8.50
1814.60
1816.00
1817.70
1840.30
1845.50
1975.00
2161.40
 INTER-LABORATORY  STUDY

 POLLUTANT  -  S02

 SAMPLE  NUMBER  -   9

 N               67
 TRUE-VALUE 1754.30
 1EAN       1743.46
 MEDIAN     1751.50

 DATA  IN ASCENDING ORDER
         1078

               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER

       **** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED »*•*
        RANGE        527.30
        VARIANCE    4789.27
        STD. DEV.      69.20
        COEf. VAR.     3.97
                            C.I.(UPPER)1760.03
                            C.I.(LOWE  R)1726.89
                            SKEUNESS     -1.21
                            ACCURACY      -.14
    1447.70
    1515.50
    1599.90
    1632.CO
    1667.40
    1677.70
    1660.90
    1699.8C
    17CC.60
    1701.40
    1707.60
    1708.10
    1709.00
    1709.50
1717.00
1717.60
1716.30
1726.00
1726.00
1731.60
1732.CO
1733.80
1734.30
1736.00
1737.30
1740.at)
174C.SO
1741.40
        1743. CO
        1748.60
        1749.90
        1751. CC
        1751.50
        1754. CO
        1754. 9C
        1756. 50
        1758. CO
        1753.00
        1759. CO
        1761.90
        17J2.60
            1763.10
            1763.40
            1763.50
            1764.20
            1765.DC
            1766.00
            1767.10
            1767.90
            1767.90
            1768.00
            1768.00
            1770.50
            1784.00
            1790.00
                1790.00
                1795.CO
                1796.00
                1798.CO
                1808.50
                1814.60
                1816.00
                1817.70
                1840.30
                1845.50
                1975.00
                                      37

-------
                        APPENDIX  C
                         METHOD 7
                    NOX SUMMARY  DATA
INTER-tABORATORY STUDY
POLLUTANT - NOX

SAHPLE BUBSER -  1
                          0578
«               46
TBUE-VALUE  7C3.30
            728. 9t
            70i.*o
BATS 1M SSCEND1N6 ORDER
              UNITS - HILLI6RAHS PER DRY  STB  CUBIC  METER
       RANGE       1577.10
       VARIANCE   S2760.93
       STB. DEV.    250.52
       COEF. VAB.     34.37
                              C.I.JUPPER)  8C1.31
                              C.I.(LOWE  »>  656.52
                              SKEUNESS       1.61
                              ACCURACY       -.27
    123.30
    239.40
    381.90
    533.00
    565.00
    590.60
    639.00
    640.CO
    645.00
    655.00
660.80
668.30
669.80
675.00
675.60
677.50
678
682
686
60
00
30
690.00
693.CO
697.30
7U.4C
7C1.40
7C8.50
712.10
713.80
716.CO
718.20
718.80
732.00
733.50
740.OC
741.70
741.80
746.00
746.40
764.40
769.00
833.70
                                          855.30
                                          865 .50
                                          878.CO
                                         1406.90
                                         1418.80
                                         1700.40
INTER-LABORATOR Y  STUDY

POLLUTANT  -  NOX

SABPLE  BURBER  -   1

«               43
TRUE-VALUE  703.30

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  2

1               46
TRUE-VALUE   93.80
1EAN        102.70
MEDIAN       95.15

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
         0578
                UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRV STD CUBIC METER
         RANGE        177.00
         VARIANCE    1343.66
         STD. DEV.      36.66
         COEF. VAR.     35.69
                       C.I.(UPPER) 113.29
                       C.I.(LOWE  R)  92.10
                       SKEWNESS      1.68
                       ACCURACY      1.44
     32.20
     45.50
     71.40
     72.90
     73.60
     80.00
     82.50
     85.10
     85.30
     86.00
   88.00
   88.50
   91.00
   91.00
   91.30
   92.00
   92.30
   92.80
   92.80
   93.10
     97.60
     94.70
     95.10
     95.20
     53.30
     95.30
     95.60
     96.80
     97.50
     57.50
       99.50
      100.00
      100.80
      102.00
      1C2.00
      1C2.80
      104.80
      105.00
      110.50
      113.00
       115.50
       168.00
       195.30
       204.00
       207.80
       209.20
    INTER-LABORATORV STUDY

    POLLUTANT - NOX

    SAMPLE NUMBER -  2
    TRUE-VALUE
    4EAN
    MEDIAN
   42
93.80
93.04
94.15
    DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
             0578
                    UNITS - MILLIGRAMS  PER  DRY STD  CUBIC  METER
            *•** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED ***•
RANGE
VARIANCE
STD. DEV.
COEF. VAR.
135.80
373.73
 19.33
 20.78
C.I.(UPPER)  98.89
C.I.(LOWE  R)  87.20
SKEWNESS       .29
ACCURACY       .37
         32.20
         45.50
         71.40
         72.90
         73.60
         80.00
         82.50
         85.10
         85.30
       86.00
       88.00
       88.50
       91.00
       91.00
       91.30
       92.00
       92.30
       92.80
         92.80
         93.10
         93.60
         94.70
         95.10
         95.20
         55.30
         95.30
         95.60
           96.80
           97.50
           97.50
           99.50
          1CO.OO
          1C0.8C
          1C2.00
          102.00
          102.80
           104.80
           105.00
           110.50
           113.00
           115.50
           168.00
                                         39

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAWPLE WUHBEH -  6

0               46
TRUE-VALUE  515.70
JEAN        523.73
1ED1AW      524.25

8ATA IN ASCEN01NS ORDER
                           0578
                     UNITS  -  BIH.I6RABS PER DRY STD CUBIC HETER
              RANGE
              VARIANCE
              STD.  DEV.
              COEF,  WAR,
             971.90
          29195.07
             170.87
              32.63
               C.1. 573.10
               C.I.(LOWE  R) 474.35
               SKEWWESS       .90
               ACCURACY      1.66
     93.60
    184.10
    246.70
    256.00
    262.40
    429.60
    479.00
    480.00
    482.10
    484.1 0
       496.50
       499.00
       499.00
       501.30
       505.20
       507.20
       508.30
       508.80
       510.CO
       515.30
        520.CO
        520.00
        523.00
        525.50
        529,00
        529.00
        529.70
        534.00
        535.00
        537.20
           541.40
           541.80
           545.90
           548.00
           548.60
           555.00
           558.00
           563.50
           564.00
           573.30
               576.00
               5S5.80
               589.50
               959.00
              1045.50
              1065.50
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY
 POLLUTANT  - NO*

 SAHPLE  WUHBER  -   6
 TRUE-VALUE
 JEAN
 MEDIAN
    42
515.70
498.28
521.50
              0578

                     UNITS - HILLI6RAHS PER  DRY  STD  CUBIC  WEIER

             «••• U1TH OUTLIERS REMOVED ****
RANGE
VAR1ANCE
STD. DEV.
COEF. VAR,
 4C5.40
8447.47
  91.91
  18.45
    C.I.(UPPEHJ 526.08
    C.I.(LOVE  R) 470.48
    SKEWNESS     -2.16
    ACCURACY      1.12
 BAT A  IN  ASCENDING  ORDER
     184.10
     246.70
     256.00
     262.40
     429.60
     479.00
     480.00
     482.10
     484.10
       496.50
       499.00
       499.00
       501.30
       505.20
       507.20
       508.30
       508.80
       510.00
        515.
        520.
        52:.
        523.
        525.
        529.
        529.
        529.
30
CO
00
00
50
00
00
70
        534.00
535.00
537.20
541.40
541 .80
545.90
548.00
548.60
555.00
558.00
563.50
564.00
573.30
576.00
585.80
589.50
                                40

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  8

1               46
TRUE-VALUE  937.70
4EAN        958.46
4EDIAN      941.40

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                          0578
                                 UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER
                          RANGE       1726.50
                          VARIANCE   90641.87
                          STD. DEV.    3C1.07
                          COEF. VAR.    31.41
                           C.I.(UPPER)1045.47
                           C.I.(LOWE   R)  871.46
                           SKEWNESS        .89
                           ACCURACT        .39
    156.20
    340.60
    472.80
    674.00
    715.CO
    763.70
    765.00
    790.60
    817.00
    861.20
                   862.40
                   866.20
                   872.00
                   875.00
                   890.00
                   909.00
                   915.00
                   915.70
                   916.00
                   925.60
        927.80
        938.20
        941.00
        941.80
        942.00
        946.00
        955.50
        963.30
        967.00
        96B.OO
            983.00
            989.40
           1000.00
           1002.50
           1007.80
           1037.00
           1039.50
           1040.00
           1048.40
           1133.00
          1137.60
          1184.80
          1218.20
          1717.40
          1879.30
          1882.70
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  8
                          0578
TRUE-VALUE
«EAN
1ED1AN
                42
            937.70
            915.56
            939.60
                                 UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER
                         •*•* WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED •*•*
RANGE
VARIANCE
STD. DEV.
COEF. VAR.
DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
  877.60
26336.99
  162.29
   17.73
C.I.(UPPER) 964.64
C.I.(LOWE  R> 866.48
SKEWNESS     -1.28
ACCURACY       .20
    340.60
    472.80
    674.00
    715.00
    763.70
    765.00
    790.60
    812.00
    861.20
                   862.40
                   866.20
                   872.00
                   875.00
                   89C.OO
                   909.00
                   915.00
                   915.70
                   916.00
        925.60
        927.80
        938.20
        941.00
        941.80
        942.00
        946.CO
        955.50
        963.30
            967.00
            968.00
            983.00
            989.40
           1000.00
           10C2.50
           1007.80
           1037.00
           1039.50
          1040.00
          1048.40
          1133.00
          1137.60
          1184.80
          1218.20
                                    41

-------
INTER-LABORATORT STUOT

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  9

*)               46
TRUE-VALUE  328.20
HEAN        340.70
1EPIAN      333.85

»ATA IN ASCENDING ORBER
                           0578
                          UNITS  -  MILLIGRAMS PER DRT STO CUBIC WETER
                   RANGE
                   VARIANCE
                   STC.  DEV»
                   £OEF.  VAR,
                    564. 50
                  10228.06
                    1 C1.13
                      29.68
                               C.I.
-------
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

 POLLUTANT - NOX

 SAMPLE NUMBER -  1

 1               52
 TRUE-VALUE  246.53
 •UAN        274.03
 MEDIAN      256.73

 DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
        1G78
               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STO CUBIC METER
        RANGE       1020.90
        VARIANCE   17719.72
        STD. DEV.    133.12
        CCEF. VAR.     43.58
                    C.I.(UPPER) 310.21
                    C.I.(LOUE  R) 237.85
                    SKEUNESS      3.55
                    ACCURACY      4.14
      14.60
      28.60
      68.30
     210.CO
     225.CO
     233.00
     233.10
     233.80
     238.80
     239.00
     243.60
 243.70
 244.60
 245.00
 245.90
 247.00
 24E.OO
 250.00
 250.20
 250.80
 252.70
 253.50
 254.CO
 254.60
 255.40
 255.9G
 257.50
 257.70
 25P.CO
 2t1.tO
 263.CO
 2t4.0C
 264.90
 265.00
 265.80
 266.00
 269.10
 270.00
 274.30
 274.80
 276.50
 280.00
 280.00
 285.00
 296.70
 313.2C
 316.30
 317.80
 381.00
 439.CO
 577.50
1035.50
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  1

N               51
TRUE-VALUE  246.50
1EAN        259.13
MEDIAN      255.93

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
       1C78

              UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER

      >*** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED **•*
       RANGE        562.90
       VARIANCE    6249.96
       STD. DEV.     79.06
       COEF. VAR.    20.51
                   C.I.(UPPER) 280.80
                   C.I.UCUE  R) 237.40
                   SKEWNESS       .34
                   ACCURACY      3.81
     14.60
     28.80
     88.30
    210.CO
    225.CO
    233.CO
    233.10
    233.SO
    238.80
    239.00
    243.60
243.70
244.60
245.00
245.90
247.00
248.00
25C.OO
25C.20
25C.80
252.70
253.50
25**CO
254.60
255.40
255.9C
257.50
257.70
25?.CO
2b1.60
2t3.CO
2U.CC
2t4.90
265.00
265.80
266.00
269.1Q
270.00
274.30
2^4.80
276.50
2PO.OO
280.00
285.00
296.70
313.20
316.30
317.80
381.00
439.CO
577.5C
                                    43

-------
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

 POLLUTANT - NOX

 SAMPLE NUMBER -  2
TRUE-VALUE  730.60
*EAN        775.51
MEDIAN      7t4 .33

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                            1C78
                                  UNITS  - MILLIGRAMS PEP DRY  STD  CUBIC  M£TER
                       R ANGE
                       V ARIANC E
                       STD.  DEV.
                       CCE F .  VAR
                   15 81 .60
                  S2999.C4
                    2 51.00
                      32.37
                                                       £.I. (UPPER )  £43.73
                                                       C.I.UOWE  R)  7C7.29
                                                       SKEWNESS        .98
                                                       ACCURACY       4.o1
107.CO
124.60
268.70
546.60
625.CO
664 .CO
673.50
676.7C
6EC.OO
684 .90
693.00
694.00
701.50
712.00
712.50
            '57.90
71 7,
72C.
723,
60
oO
20
726.50
741.20
751.70
757.43
75!.
759.
~t!.
765.
76!.
770.
775.
7E :.
7E3.
752.
CO
70
ro
60
CO
60
CO
CO
60
                                                   793.80
                                                   797.00
                                                   798.00
                                                   798 .20
                                                   802.70
                                                   822.30
                                                   827.90
                                                   828.00
                                                   871.80
                                                   856 .60
                                                   858.00
                                                                  859.40
                                                                  878.00
                                                                  920.20
                                                                  933.70
                                                                 1075.80
                                                                 1118.30
                                                                 1662 .50
                                                                 1688.60
INTER-tABORATCRY STUDY

"OLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  2

S                5D
TRUE-VALUE  730.63
SEAN        739.51
MEDIAN      761.35

9ATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                          1 C78

                                 UNITS  - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD  CUBIC

                         *«**  WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED *»**
                          RANGE        1011.30
                          VARIANCE   31177.CO
                          STD .  DEV.     1 76 .57
                          COE F.  VAR =     23.88
                                                 C.I.(UPPER)  788.45
                                                 C.I.(LOWE   R)  690.57
                                                 SKEyNFSS      -1.75
                                                 ACCURACY       4.21
    107.00
    124.60
    268.70
    546.60
    625.00
    664 .CO
    673.50
    676 .70
    660.00
    684 .90
    693.00
                   694.00
                   701.50
                   712.00
                   712.50
                   717.60
                   72C.80
                   723.23
                   726.50
                   741.20
                   751.70
                   757.40
                              "57.90
                              755.00
                              759.70
                              7t3.
                              7t5.
                              7t3.
                              77C.
                              775.
                   CO
                   60
                   CO
                   60
                   CO
                   CO
                                  752.10
                          793.80
                          797.00
                          798.00
                          798.20
                          8C2.7C
                          822.3T
                          827.90
                          828 .00
                          831.80
                          856.60
                          858.00
                              859.40
                              878.00
                              920.20
                              933.70
                             1075.80
                             1118.30
                                   44

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  3

1               52
TRUE-VALUE  860.50
1EAN        9£4.82
MEDIAN      9C9.6D

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
       1C78
              UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC M£T£R
       RAJ.GE       1728.30
       VARIANCE   65544.65
       STD. DEV.    256.02
       CCEF. VAR.    27.68
                   C.I.(UPPER! 994.41
                   C.I.(LOME  R) 855.23
                   SKEHNESS      1.82
                   ACCURACY      3.33
    298.00
    370.40
    593.50
    687.00
    718.70
    755.00
    773.CO
    795.CO
    798.SO
    603.CO
    833.00
635.50
836.30
649.00
655.50
858.00
663.90
867.50
669.60
872.60
675.53
893.60
8 9 B . 2 C
SCO.90
•506.10
9J9.CC
91D.20
911.CO
911.70
912.70
518.CO
918.50
919.8C
 920.50
 932.30
 936.00
 950.00
 953. 80
 960.60
 981.10
 990.00
 997.00
1000.30
1015.20
1045.00
106C.10
1060.80
1089.30
1202.80
1246.00
1805.00
2026.30
 INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

 POLLUTANT  - NOX

 SAMPLE NUMBER -  3

 1               5C
 TRUE-VALUE  880.33
 SEAN        865.19
 MEDIAN      907.55

 DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
        1C78

               UNITS - MILLIGRAMS PER DRY STD CUBIC METER

       **** WITH OUTLIERS REMOVED •***
        RANGE        948.00
        VARIANCE   26046.47
        STD. DEV.    161.39
        CCEF. VAR.    18.23
                    C.I.(UPPER) 929.92
                    C.I.(LOWE  R) 640.45
                    SKEUNESS     -1.29
                    ACCURACY      3.10
     298.CO
     370.40
     593.50
     687.00
     718.70
     755.CO
     773.CO
     795.CO
     798.80
     803.CO
     833.CO
 £35.50
 836.30
 849.00
 C55.50
 858.00
 663.90
 867.50
 669.60
 672.60
 875.50
 893.80
 P5B.20
 •5:0.90
 90S.10
 9C9.CO
 51D.20
 911.CO
 911.70
 912.70
 91!.CO
 918.50
 915.80
  920.50
  932.30
  936.00
  950.00
  953.80
  960.60
  981.10
  99Q.OO
  997.00
 1000.00
 1015.20
 1045.00
 1060.10
 1060.80
 1089.30
 1202.80
 1246.00
                                     45

-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDY

°OLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  5

M               52
TRUE-VALUE  123.20
1EAW        137,42
1EDIAN      128.50

BAT* IN ASCENDING ORDER
                           1078
                          UNITS  -  WILLIGRAHS  PER DRY STD CUBIC
                  R ANGE
                  VARIANC E
                  STD. DEVa
                  CCEF-  VAR,
                    4 13.30
                   2787*77
                     52.80
    £.1. (UPPES )
    C.I. «IOUE
    SKEWNESS
    ACCURACY
                                           151 .77
                                           J  123.07
                                             3.68
                                             4.30
     30.50
     90,5 0
     95 .60
    105 .6 0
    108.00
    109.20
    111.20
    111.50
    113.90
    115.10
    117.30
           119.50
           121.90
           122.00
           122
           123
           123
           Ml
           124
           125
           125
   ,50
   ,50
   .80
   ,90
   ,90
   , GO
   ,50
           127
           12°
           123
           129
           1 *:
           1 10
           1 30
           13C
   .CO
   ,50
   . CO
   , CO
   .CO
   .CO
   • CO
   .50
   = 80
           126.40
           132»CO
           1 32.70
133.CO
135.00
176.00
158.00
no.90
141 .30
U1 .40
144.10
145.00
145.50
146.30
           151 .00
           153.50
           155»30
           156.CO
           165.00
           219,50
           262.50
           443.EO
INTER-IABORATORt  STUDY

POLLUTANT  -  NOX

SAWPLE NUMBER  -   5

1               51
TRUE-VALUE   123.20
*
-------
INTER-LABORATORY STUDT

POLLUTANT - NOX

SAMPLE NUMBER -  7

1               52
TRUE-VALUE  457.73
SEAN        490.56
MEDIAN      481.35

DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
               1C78
                      UNITS  - MILLIGRAMS  PER  DRY STD CUBIC METER
               RANGE         952.40
               VARIANCE    25784.07
               STD.  DEV.     160.57
               CCEF.  VAR.     32.73
                              C.I.(UPPER) 534.2C
                              C.I.(LOWE  R) 446.91
                              SKEUNESS      1.76
                              ACCURACY      5.17
    125.10
    139.90
    305.50
    313.40
    337.50
    379.2C
    394.40
    400.00
    420.50
    421.50
    43C.CO
        445.00
        448.00
        455.90
        456.50
        459.20
        463.40
        465.50
        466.EC
        468.50
        472.80
        473.00
           474.CO
           475.4C
           478.6C
           479.30
           4E3.40
           4E4.CO
           4E6.CG
           4E6.CO
           4S0.30
           492.6C
           454.80
           497.00
           499.20
           SCO.00
           5C2.70
           5C3.00
           5C7.10
           513.00
           515.00
           517.30
           521.20
           522.10
           523.90
           53C.10
           537.00
           552.80
           598.70
           976.40
          1046.90
          1077.50
    INTER-tABORATORY STUDY

    "OLLUTANT - NOX

    SAMPLE NUMBER -  7

    *               49
    TRUE-VALUE  457.73
    4EAN        457.31
    MEDIAN      478.63

    DATA IN ASCENDING ORDER
                   1078

                          UNITS  - MILL1GOAMS  PER  DRY  STD  CUBIC  M£TE"

                  ****  UITH OUTLIERS  REMOVED  *»**
                   RANGE         473.6C
                   VARIANCE     7724.08
                   STD.  DEV.      87.89
                   CCEF.  VAR.     19.22
                                  C.I.(UPPER) 481.92
                                  C.I.(LOWE  R) 432.70
                                  SKErfNESS     -2.14
                                  ACCURACY      4.57
        125
        139
        305
        313
        337
        379
        394
        400
        420
.10
.90
.50
.40
.50
.20
.40
.00
.50
        421.50
43C.OO
445.CO
448.00
455.90
456.50
459.20
463.40
465.50
466.80
468.50
472.8C
473.CO
474.CO
475.40
473.60
479.10
4E3.40
4E4.CO
4E«.rO
490.30
492.6C
496.30
497.00
499.20
SCO.00
5C2.70
5C3.00
5C7.10
513.00
515.CO
517.30
521.20
522.10
523.90
53C.10
537.00
552.80
598.70
                                        47

-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
FPA finO/4 80-029
A SUMMARY OF THE INTERLABORATORY SOURCE PE
SURVEYS FOR EPA REFERENCE METHODS 5, 6, AN
R. u. Fuerst and M. . R. Midgett
# PL *•- C ~ Vi'.w C = _- . C- * C .'.-•. i AND -C.L.RE £3
Quality Assurance Division
2 FUCf '-' TSACCi_- _»-&
-. REPORT DATE
May 1980
RFORMANCL PE RFOPV1INC ORGM..,2AT,c-. C..-L
D 7 - 1978"
g p£_f,FQRVilKGORGANi<-~TIC-^t
10 P f= 1 G P A M t. L L V E '- T .N C
tnvironmenta 1 Monitoring Systems Laboratory " cc'- ThACT- GRANT ^o
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
12 SPONSORING AGENCY NAVE fiNDADDRESS
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laborator
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13 TYPE OF P. EPOFiT AND PERIOD COVERED
v Final
"" 14 SPC^SDRi NG AGE NC Y CODE
EPA-600/08
•i SUPPLE. '.-cNTA^Y NOTES
To be published as an Environmental Monitoring Series report.

A national survey of methods in stati
by the Quality Assurance Division of the E
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Rese
this program, quality assurance samples we
measurement of a gas volume (Method 5, dry
samples simulating collected sulfur dioxid
respectively). Each participant returned
Quality Assurance Division, for evaluation
each participant after processing.
This report summarizes the survey res
onary source tests was conducted in 1978
nvironmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory,
arch Triangle Park, North Carolina. In
re sent to interested participants for the
gas meter only) or the analysis of liquid
e and nitrogen oxides (Method 6 and 7,
the analytical results to the Source Branch:
An individual report was returned to
ults for those three source test methods.
• 1 KEY/. ^RCS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
Ci-~- ~~ ' --
Performance survey
Reference methods
RELEASE TC PUBLIC
b IDENTIF IE RS.OPEN ENOE D TE RMS C COS A T i I u Li uuup
EPA -Source Method 5 43F
EPA Source Method 6 68A
EPA Source Method 7
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen dioxide
10 SECURITY CLA^b, //,, ( /icf)..//, 21 '-\-' Ul >' A _, t .
UNCLASSIFIED 55
70 SECURITY CLASSi//;urJ-'' ^T PRiCf
UNCIASSIFIFD
48

-------