United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Radiation Programs
Washington DC 20460
EPA 520/5-5-83-005
June 1982
Radiation
&EPA
Environmental Radiation Data
Report 29
(January - March 1982)
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DATA (ERD) is published quarterly
(January, April, July, October) by the U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency's office of Radiation Programs.
Requests for information concerning publication and distribution
of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Technical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS
should be directed to:
H. Michael Mardis, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
or to:
Lewis Battist, Chief
Environmental Studies and Statistics
Analysis and Support Division (ANR-461)
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Waterside Mall East
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
***
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 29
(January - March 1982)
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Radiation Programs
-------
Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled and distributed
quarterly by the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF), Montgomery, Alabama. Data from the
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS), and
similar networks operated by contributing States, Canada, Mexico, and
the Pan American Health Organization are reported in (ERD) when
available.
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP). The ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide air, surface,
and drinking water and milk samples from which environmental
radiation levels are derived. The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in
the environment.
1. Sampling locations are selected to provide optimal
population coverage while functioning to monitor fallout from nuclear
devices and other forms of radioactive contamination of the
environment.
/
2. The radiation analyses performed on these samples include
gross alpha and gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission
products and specific analyses for uranium, plutonium, strontium,
iodine, radium, krypton and tritium. This monitoring effort also
serves to provide ancillary information on releases into the
environment from stationary sources such as nuclear power reactors,
fuel fabrication and reprocessing plants and natural background
levels.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
DATA
CONTENTS
Page
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures iii
- Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum v
Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
SECTION I. Air Program 1
1. Airborne Particulates 1
and Precipitation
2. Plutonium and Uranium in 10
Airborne Particulates
3. Krypton-85 13
SECTION II. Water Program 14
1. Surface Water 14
2. Drinking Water 17
3. Radon in Drinking Water 17
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program 27
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program 29
I. Pasteurized Milk 29
2. Tritium in Milk 29
3. Strontium 89 & 90 in Milk 29
4. Carbon-14 in Milk 37
DATA - STATE AGENCIES 40
1. Indiana Pasteurized Milk Program 40
2. Iowa Water Analysis and Milk Analysis 43
-------
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
The intent of EPA's Office of Radiation Programs in establishing
the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System was to provide
continuous, accurate and usable environmental radiation data for the
public. Therefore, new data reporting procedures were developed to
allow better interpretation of the data. The most significant change
in this reporting procedure is that all specific radionuclide
analyses will be reported as the counting results indicate, whether
the number is negative, zero, or positive.
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of a radionuclide in environmental
media are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero, the net counting results should statistically show a
distribution of negative and positive numbers about zero. This occurs
when the background count is subtracted from a sample which has only
background activity. Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were not reported
numerically when the results were less than a specified reporting
level or minimum detectable level. The present reporting procedure
allows all the data to be reported and evaluated statistically
without an arbitrary cutoff of small or negative numbers. This
approach will facilitate estimates of bias in the nuclide analyses
and will allow better evaluation of distributions and trends in
environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be
exercised in the interpretation of individual negative values.
Obviously, a negative activity value does not have physical
significance. Such numbers, however, are significant when taken
together with other observations which indicate that the true value
of a distribution is near zero. When an average of several
measurements produces a result less than zero, this indicates a
negative bias in the measurement procedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
is negative, zero, or positive. Numerical values given are as of
sample collection date.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity
measurements will be reported, unless the value is below the
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.
iii
-------
MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the background. A
tabulation of MDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported /value for specific analyses will be
accompanied by a counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval/ Potassium concentrations are determined by
specific activity / analyses. Error terms are therefore reported
as counting errors. At the very low levels characteristic of
most ERAMS measurements, counting error is the greatest
contributor to overall error.
(3) Significant Figures
All reported values will be rounded to no more than three
significant figures. The last significant figure will be
increased by one if the figure following is five or greater,
otherwise it 'is left unchanged.
/
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in table 1.
Smallest /increments are sometimes considerably smaller than
minimum , detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors in
averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages will be calculated along with appropriate error
terms in an annual summary and analysis of ERAMS data. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data
including negative numbers will be utilized. Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
IV
-------
TABLE 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta
Tritium
Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium-238,
239
Uranium-234 ,
235,238
Radium-226
Strontium-90
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
Milk
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
pCl/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
Ol nf"1 "f /m \
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 PCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
-------
Radionuclide
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Iodine-129
Iodine-127
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium
Potass ium-40
Media
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
Milk
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
g/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
g/1
g/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
10 g/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
-1 g/1
1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
5 PCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 g/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
rj
(a) The value in terms of nCi/m would be dependent on precipitation (mm)
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
-------
DATA - EPA
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I. Air Program
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific
analyses are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States, Virgin Islands, and the Panama
Canal.
Filters ( 10-cm diameter synthetic fiber ) from air samplers
are changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a G-M
survey meter at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow for
radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are reported
to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending on the
activity levels found.
The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive analyses in a
low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all filters
showing laboratory gross beta counts greater than 1 pCi/nP- The
lower gross beta values reported for laboratory measurements are
largely due to the decay of radionuclides which occurred between the
times of the field estimates and laboratory measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at the field stations where
air filters are collected. These samples are also sent to EERF where
they are composited monthly for tritium, gross beta activity
measurements and gamma scans.
These locations also correspond to airborne particulate and
drinking water sampling locations selected for plutonium analyses.
Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234, -235, and -238 analyses are
performed annually on precipitation samples collected during March -
May.
-------
Tables 2-4 present the monthly average gross beta
concentrations in airborne particulates for January - March 1982.
Tables 5-7 present the monthly average gross beta
concentration and any specific gamma concentrations for precipitation
samples for January - March 1982 A compilation of individual
measurements is available from the EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL 36193.
The tritium in precipitation samples for January - March 1982 at
the selected stations are shown in Table 8.
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 2
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY 1982
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
5-HR FIELD EERF LAB
ESTIMATE MEASUREMENT
# SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/nr5)
(PCi/mJ)
AL:
CA:
MONTGOMERY
LOS ANGELES
CT : HARTFORD
FL:
FL:
ID:
ID:
IL:
KS:
ME:
MI:
MM:
MO:
MS:
NC:
ND:
NJ:
NM:
NV:
NY:
NY:
NY:
NY:
NY:
OH:
OH:
OH:
OR:
PA:
PA:
RI:
SC:
SC:
SD:
TX:
VA:
WA:
WA:
WI:
WV:
JACKSONVILLE
MIAMI
BOISE
TnAUn TTAJ J C
CHICAGO
TOPEKA
AUGUSTA
LANSING
MINNEAPOLIS
JEFFERSON CITY
JACKSON
CHARLOTTE
BISMARCK
TRENTON
SANTA FE
LAS VEGAS
ALBANY
NEW YORK CITY
NIAGARA FALLS
SYRACUSE
YAPHANK
COLUMBUS
PAINESVILLE
TOLEDO
PORTLAND
HARRIS BURG
PITTSBURGH
PROVIDENCE
BARNWELL
COLUMBIA
PIERRE
EL PASO
LYNCHBURG
SEATTLE
SPOKANE
MADISON
CHARLESTON
8
8
8
6
7
8
8
7
8
8
8
9
9
7
3
8
6
1
8
7
8
8
8
5
9
8
8
7
11
8
8
1
8
1
1
8
8
8
7
5
0.4
1.4
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
MM
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.3
1.0
0.4
0.4
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
NM
NM
0.1
0.1
0.1
NM
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
WM
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
NM
NM
0.1
0.0
0.0
NM
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
MX
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.0
NM
NM
0.1
0.1
0.1
NM
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.03
04
.03
.03
.02
.04
.04
.04
.03
.02
.04
.02
.01
.03
.03
.03
.02
.02
.02
.04
.03
.03
.02
.03
.03
.02
.01
.04
.04
.01
.03
0.02
0
0
0
92
.03
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
,
*
a
.
*
01
01
01
01
00
01
m
02
01
01
03
02
02
01
01
02
01
01
01
02
02
00
01
02
01
01
02
0.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
.
m
*
*
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
01
00
01
02
00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0 01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m ,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/nf
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
FEBRUARY 1982
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
5-HR FIELD EERF LAB
ESTIMATE MEASUREMENT
LOCATION # SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3) (pCi/m3)
AL:MONTGOMERY 7 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.02 0.01 0.01
CA:LOS ANGELES 7 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.02 0.01 0.02
CT:HARTFORD 7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
FL:JACKSONVILLE 8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.01
FL:MIAMI 8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.02 0.00 0.01
IDtBOISE 7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
ID:IDAHO FALLS 8 NM NM NM 0.03 0.01 0.02
ILrCHICAGO 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.02
KSrTOPEKA 7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.01
ME:AUGUSTA 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02
MI:LANSING 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.03
MN:MINNEAPOLIS 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
MO:JEFFERSON CITY 8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
MS:JACKSON 6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
ND:BISMARCK 7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.04 0.01 0.02
NJ:TRENTON 7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.01
NVrLAS VEGAS 6 1.6 0.3 0.8 0.02 0.01 0.02
NYrALBANY 6 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.02 0.02
NY:NEW YORK CITY 7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
NYrNIAGARA FALLS 6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.02 0.01 0.02
NY: SYRACUSE 8 NM NM NM 0.03 0.01 0.02
OH:COLUMBUS 5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
OH.-PAINESVILLE 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
OH:TOLEDO 7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
OR:PORTLAND 8 NM NM NM 0.03 0.00 0.01
PA .-HARRIS BURG 11 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
PA:PITTSBURGH 8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.02
RI .-PROVIDENCE 6 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
SC:BARNWELL 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.02 0.00 0.00
SC:COLUMBIA 6 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.03 0.01 0.02
SD:PIERRE 9 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.06 0.01 0.04
TX:EL PASO 5 1.4 0.6 1.0 0.03 0.01 0.02
VA:LYNCHBURG 7 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.03 0.01 0.02
WA:SEATTLE 6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.01 0.00 0.00
WA:SPOKANE 8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.04 0.00 0.02
WI:MADISON 7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.03 0.01 0.02
WV:CHARLESTON 5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 4
LOCATION
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
MARCH 1982
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
5-HR FIELD EERF LAB
ESTIMATE MEASUREMENT
# SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
(pCi/m3)
AL:
CA:
CT:
FL:
FL:
HI:
MONTGOMERY
LOS ANGELES
HARTFORD
JACKSONVILLE
MIAMI
HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID-:
ID:
IL:
KS:
ME:
MI:
MN:
MO:
MS:
ND:
NJ:
NV:
NY:
NY:
NY:
NY:
OH:
OH:
OH:
OR:
PA:
PA:
RI:
SC:
SC:
SD:
TX:
TX:
VA:
WA:
WA:
WI:
WV:
WY:
BOISE
IDAHO FALLS
CHICAGO
TOPEKA
AUGUSTA
LANSING
MINNEAPOLIS
JEFFERSON CITY
JACKSON
BISMARCK
TRENTON
LAS VEGAS
ALBANY
NEW YORK CITY
NIAGARA FALLS
SYRACUSE
COLUMBUS
PAINESVILLE
TOLEDO
PORTLAND
HARRISBURG
PITTSBURGH
PROVIDENCE
BARNWELL
COLUMBIA
PIERRE
AUSTIN
EL PASO
LYNCHBURG
SEATTLE
SPOKANE
MADISON
CHARLESTON
CHEYENNE
9
8
9
6
8
5
5
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
8
6
9
9
9
9
9
13
8
9
1
8
9
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
1
0.7
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
NM
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.3
NM
1.0
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.7
1.9
1.6
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.1
1.0
2.3
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
NM
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
NM
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4
5
1
1
0
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
6
0
1
1
0
2
1
1
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2.
3
1
2
1
5
4
1
9
2
1
2
1
4
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
.02
.02
.01
.01
.02
.02
.04
.02
.02
.03
.04
.03
.04
.02
.03
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.02
.03
.02
.03
.02
.03
.02
.02
.03
.04
.03
.04
.03
.03
.01
.02
.02
.02
.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m~
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 5
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JANUARY 1982
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
118.3
46.5
30.0
43.9
28.3
51.7
19.8
11.0
28.1
2.4
30.5
76.0
13.5
20.3
184.4
41.3
87.5
147.5
78.8
27.5
ACT.
± 2s
(nCi/m2)
0.16
0.01
0.05
0.09
0.04
0.08
0.13
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.00
0.06
0.39
0.05
0.15
0.21
0.31
0.02
0.06
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.10
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.01
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCl/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
TABLE 6
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
FEBRUARY 1982
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
OH.-PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH ACT. + 2s
(mm) (nCl/m2)
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
226.6
17.6
36.5
45.4
42.3
3.7
3.3
4.4
9.3
19.6
39.0
10.0
10.6
74.5
181.8
47.0
25.0
142.5
68.9
50.0
0.33
0.01
0.08
0.09
0.13
0.04
0.00
0.09
0.01
0.05
0.11
0.25
0.01
0.31
0.14
0.15
0.04
0.24
0.07
0.14
0.13
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.08
0.03
0.01
0.08
0.03
0.03
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
TABLE 7
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
MARCH 1982
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY .-NIAGARA FALLS
OH:PAINESVILLE
ORrPORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
JEPTH
(mm)
63.0
26.3
22.5
20.7
63.4
35.6
43.1
38.4
13.5
59.0
24.5
5.0
5.1
49.6
56.2
39.6
68.7
49.3
39.1
ACT.
± 2s
(nCi/m2)
0.15
0.04
0.03
0.11
0.14
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.05
0.16
0.12
0.10
0.11
0.16
0.13
0.14
0.29
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.02
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
IP
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
TABLE 8
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1982
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OHrPAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
JANUARY
nCi/1 + 2s
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.8 0.2
0.9 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.2 0.2
FEBRUARY
nCl/1 + 2s
0.4 0.2
0.3 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.9 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.4 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
1.1 0.2
0.6 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
MARCH
nCl/1 + 2s
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.4 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
NS
0.6 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.3 0.2
NS NO SAMPLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are
determined by the analyses of quarterly composite samples (air
filters) collected from the continuously operating airborne
particulate samplers. The number of continuously operating stations
is being increased from the original 22 will eventually number 67
when all equipment is operational.
Analyses of the composited filters consist of ashing, separating
by liquid ion exchange, and coprecipitation of the plutonium or
uranium.
Concentration of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238, -239,
and uranium-234, -235, and -238 are determined by alpha spectroscopy.
The volume of air analyzed normally ranges from 25,000 to 40,000 m
for each quarterly composite.
Plutonium and uranium in airborne particulates data for October
December 1981 are shown for the 42 stations operating during this
period in Table 9.
The plutonium and uranium analyses in precipitation for 1981 are
shown in Table 10.
10
-------
TABLE 9
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1981 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239
Pu
234T
235
'U
238T
i/m3+2s aCi/m3+
0
6
0
-0
0
1
0
2
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
-0
0
1
0
0
-0
0
1
-0
0
.0
.5
.7
.1
.8
.3
.6
.5
.4
.0
.9
.2
.6
.5
.9
.6
.5
.2
.3
.9
.4
.0
.2
.2
.4
.4
.3
.7
.3
.3
.7
.6
.7
.9
.1
.1
.2
.1
.8
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
.3
.5
.8
.9
.1
.7
.5
.8
.7
.5
.5
.4
.0
.8
.6
.4
.0
.7
.9
.6
.6
.9
.3
.6
.5
.8
.3
.8
.5
.0
.9
.8
.6
.4
.2
.6
.1
.6
.6
2
2
1
3
3
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
4
5
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
1
2
3
2
3
3
4
3
1
1
2
3
.1
.9
.6
.4
.0
.0
.7
.3
.3
.7
.8
.6
.5
.0
.6
.5
.6
.6
.7
.8
.5
.6
.7
.0
.4
.5
.6
.2
.0
.4
.1
.3
.8
.4
.4
.6
.8
.0
.6
2s
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
2
2
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
1
0
1
.6
.8
.8
.1
.5
.4
.9
.1
.1
.6
.6
.7
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.5
.4
.7
.7
.8
.5
.7
.0
.8
.1
.8
.8
.3
.0
.1
.1
.7
.7
.8
.1
.8
.1
LOCATION £
AL:MONTGOMERY
CArLOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS: TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WIiMADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
THE 238Pu AND 239Pu CONCENTRATIONS REPORTED IN THIS TABLE HAVE BEEN ROUNDED.
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
11
.Ci/m3+ 2s aCi/m3+
10
31
16
23
48
19
26
36
43
14
21
20
31
18
16
36
25
44
106
20
19
39
6
34
25
29
30
21
23
35
12
11
38
110
223
13
16
21
37
.5
.2
.1
.3
.9
.5
.0
.1
.8
.4
.5
.1
.6
.9
.6
.4
.1
.0
.7
.0
.5
.3
.7
.9
.2
.3
.0
.5
.3
.6
.0
.0
.4
.2
.9
.5
.9
.9
.4
1
5
3
3
7
4
4
7
8
2
3
3
4
3
2
6
5
6
18
3
2
6
1
4
3
4
7
4
3
5
2
2
5
16
26
2
2
3
5
.7
.6
.2
.6
.7
.5
.3
.6
.3
.7
.4
.3
.3
.3
.4
.5
.7
.6
.5
.3
.9
.6
.7
.9
.5
.1
.8
.5
.8
.7
.5
.1
.2
.9
.2
.6
.8
.3
.3
0
3
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
2
8
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
3
1
0
1
5
8
0
1
1
2
.5
.9
.2
.4
.8
.9
.9
.7
.1
.7
.6
.7
.2
.9
.2
.6
.6
.0
.4
.4
.8
.2
.2
.2
.4
.0
.5
.2
.6
.8
.5
.8
.4
.0
.4
.4
.9
.3
.2
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
2s
.3
.3
.7
.7
.2
.3
.9
.3
.7
.5
.5
.5
.7
.6
.5
.0
.9
.0
.8
.7
.7
.8
.5
.6
.6
.5
.4
.8
.7
.4
.7
.4
.6
.7
.6
.4
.8
.6
.8
aCi/m3+ 2s
8
30
12
20
38
18
25
33
37
15
18
22
24
16
17
25
20
43
72
22
14
36
5
38
25
27
36
22
14
37
10
10
28
95
16
8
12
18
32
.9
.1
.0
.2
.2
.6
.1
.2
.9
.4
.7
.1
.7
.2
.1
.1
.5
.7
.3
.6
.8
.9
.6
.4
.8
.9
.3
.1
.5
.6
.9
.3
.0
.9
.8
.9
.7
.6
.6
1
5
2
3
6
4
4
7
7
2
3
3
3
3
2
5
5
6
13
3
2
6
1
5
3
3
8
4
2
5
2
2
4
14
2
1
2
2
4
.5
.5
.6
.2
.4
.3
.2
.2
.4
.9
.1
.6
.5
.0
.4
.0
.0
.6
.2
.6
.4
.2
.6
.3
.6
.9
.0
.6
.7
.9
.4
.0
.0
.9
.5
.9
.3
.8
.8
-------
TABLE 10
LOCATION
AL: MONTGOMERY
CO:DENVER
CTrHARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC.-BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM ANALYSES
OF
SELECTED PRECIPITATION COMPOSITE SAMPLES
1981
235r
238,
i. JO_
Pu
pCi/1
0.002
-.001
0.012
0.000
0.002
-.005
-.007
0.011
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.002
-.002
0.001
0.000
0.008
0.004
0.002
0.003
-.001
0.005
0.004
+ 2s
0.009
0.010
0.015
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.022
0.011
0.007
0.008
0.011
0.013
0.019
0.006
0.009
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.010
0.008
0.011
0.010
0
-0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
Pu
pCi/1
.002
.007
.000
.003
.004
.004
.007
.005
.003
.003
.010
.002
.011
.003
.005
.007
.000
.004
.000
.008
.020
.003
± 2s
0.004
0.007
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.010
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.011
0.011
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.008
0.004
0.006
0.012
0.003
U
pCi/1 + 2s
0.044
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.032
0.018
0.047
0.011
0.024
0.032
0.063
0.033
0.064
0.030
0.026
0.018
0.011
0.054
0.044
0.019
0.124
0.018
0.015
0.011
0.018
0.013
0.012
0.009
0.019
0.009
0.010
0.012
0.020
0.020
0.027
0.012
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.021
0.015
0.010
0.035
0.009
*- »_/
pCi/1
0.005
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.002
.005
.002
.005
.002
.004
.002
.002
.005
.009
.003
.004
.002
.000
.004
.002
.004
.009
.001
.004
.005
U
+ 2s
0.006
0.002
0.006
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.007
0.007
0.010
0.004
0.000
0.004
0.005
0.008
0.007
0.004
0.010
0.004
t--~/\j
pCi/1
0.015
0.011
0.014
0.008
0.015
0.008
0.029
0.009
0.009
0.014
0.048
0.007
0.028
0.005
0.016
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.027
0.011
0.013
0.005
U
± 2s
0.008
0.006
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.015
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.017
0.012
0.021
0.005
0.008
0.007
0.007
0.011
0.011
0.007
0.010
0.004
THE MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT IS .015 pCi/SAMPLE, FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL ISOTOPE,
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
Krypton-85
Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half life of 10.8
years. It is released into the atmosphere by nuclear reactor
operations, fuel fabrication, fuel reprocessing, and nuclear
detonations. Krypton-85 also occurs naturally in minor quantities
primarily from the neutron capture of stable krypton-84 as well as
spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission of uranium.
Monitoring of krypton-85 in the atmosphere has been conducted to
identify and establish baseline levels and long-term trends.
Krypton-85 analysis began in January 1973 with sample
collections and analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of the
United States with considerations being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing plants, nuclear reactors, and wide geographic
coverage.
Dry compressed air samples, collected at each location, are
purchased from commercial air suppliers annually and shipped to the
EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted in a
liquid scintillation system.
Results will be published when available.
13
-------
DATA - EPA
ERAMS
SECTION II. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides ambient radiation data to
assess the effects of the nuclear power industry, the natural
radiation environment, and other nuclear sources on the nation's
rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Grab samples are taken quarterly at 58 stations located
downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities.
Surface water monitoring consists of tritium analyses quarterly
and gamma scans annually. Tritium is the primary radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants.
Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples. Gamma scans are performed annually to
determine if there is a buildup of other contaminants.
Tritium concentrations for surface water samples for January -
March 1982 are given in Table 11.
14
-------
TABLE 11
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1982
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
ALrSCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CArCLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CArSAN ONOFRE
CO:GREELEY
CTrEAST HADDAM
CTrWATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL R.
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID: BUHL
IL:MARSEILLES
IL:MORRIS
IL:OREGON
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI .-MONROE
MI:SO. HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
NY:POUGHKEEPSIE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHIE RIVER
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ROCK RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 6/82
I/ 5/82
I/ 6/82
2/24/82
1/22/82
II 8/82
I/ 7/82
2/24/82
3/19/82
1/28/82
1/28/82
1/11/82
3/ 3/82
3/ 9/82
1/12/82
1/28/82
I/ 1/82
1/18/82
2/15/82
3/31/82
I/ 4/82
1/12/82
3/31/82
1/12/82
21 2/82
1/12/82
2/ 1/82
I/ 9/82
1/18/82
21 2/82
21 4/82
1/18/82
1/21/82
1/11/82
I/ 5/82
1/12/82
1/21/82
1/13/82
3/31/82
I/ 7/82
1/20/82
I/ 6/82
2/15/82
.3
.3
nCi/1
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.
0,
0.2
0.2
0.3
13.0
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.
0.
0,
.2
.3
.3
.3
.3
0.4
.3
.3
0.
0,
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.
0.
0.
0.3
0.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.3
.3
.3
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
15
-------
LOCATION
PA:DANVILLE
SCrALLENDALE
SC:BROAD R.
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:KINGSTON
TN:DAISY
TX:EL PASO
TXrMATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
VA:NEWPORT NEWS
VTrVERNON
WArNORTHPORT
WArRICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1?82
SOURCE
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
CLINCH RIVER
TENNESSEE RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
JAMES RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
If 6/82
1/27/82
1/29/82
I/ 4/82
I/ 4/82
2/24/82
1/26/82
1/21/82
I/ 8/82
3/ 1/82
3/29/82
1/13/82
1/13/82
1/11/82
1/29/82
I/ 7/82
nCi/1
0.4
4.9
0.4
1.3
4.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
3.5
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.4
± 2s
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
16
-------
Drinking Water
The drinking water program provides ambient radiation monitoring
relevant to the effects of the nuclear power industry, natural
environmental levels, and other pertinent sources. These data serve
to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with
standards set forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations." These regulations provide for approval of
supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not
exceed 5 pCi/1, when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium)
levels do not exceed 15 pCi/1, when tritium levels do not exceed
20,000 pCi/1, when the strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and
when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.
Grab samples are taken at 78 sites which are either major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis (b) gross
alpha, gross beta, and strontium-90 on annual composites (gamma
analyses are performed if the gross beta activity is greater than 10
pCi/1; radium-226 analyses are performed if the gross alpha exceeds 2
pCi/1; and radium-228 analyses are performed if the radium-226
activity falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1) (c) specific iodine-131 is
performed on one quarterly sample per year for each station (d) an
annual composite for plutonium-238, -239, uranium-234, -235, -238,
for stations which demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2
pCi/1.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the
distilled samples, gross beta, and gross alpha by evaporating an
aliquot on stainless steel planchets for counting, and radium-226 by
the standard emanation technique. Strontium-90 is determined by beta
counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for January
March 1982 are shown in Table 12.
The annual alpha, beta, gamma, radium, and strontium analyses
for 1981 annual drinking water samples are shown in Table 13.
All samples were taken as either a single grab sample or
composite samples taken over 12 to 14 days.
Radon-222 in Drinking Water
Radon-222 in drinking water has previously been considered a
source of radiation exposure primarily from an ingestion standpoint.
The Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) is investigating radon in water supplies to
evaluate the possibility that a major pathway from inhalation
17
-------
exposure may exist in addition to the ingestion pathway. As an inert
gas, radon is not chemically bound to the water and consequently can
be released during any operation that aerates or agitates water.
Depending upon the initial concentration of radon in water,
significant quantities of radon could be released in a home or to the
general environment.
To determine the scope of this potential problem, a national
ground water sampling program has been initiated by the- Eastern
Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF) to obtain data on radon
concentrations in water supplies throughout the country. Sampling
kits have been assembled by EERF and distributed to various state
health departments. The kit is designed so that state personnel can
collect samples from potable water supplies and ship them, without
loss of radon other than radioactive decay, to EERF for analysis.
The selection of water supplies to be sampled is handled by two
separate methods. Method 1 in which each state collects samples from
all groundwater supplies serving at least 1000 people and Method 2 in
which the choice of sampling locations and the number of supplies to
be sampled is left to the discretion of the state programs. Each
state is asked to obtain a representative sampling of ground water
supplies within its boundaries. The extent of the sampling efforts
and how representative the data are for a given state is determined
primarily by the amount of time each state devotes to the program.
The concentrations of radon in water are determined at the EERF
by liquid scintillation counting. The limit of detection for this
technique using a 50-minute count and a 10-ml sample is 0.16 pCi or
16 pci/1.
The sampling kits are being provided to the various states on a
rotating schedule. This schedule is designed to cover the U.S. within
approximately two years. As data from each state are compiled they
will be published in ERD.
-------
TABLE 12
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1982
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
ALrDOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
ALrSCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO: DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DErDOVER
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA: SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS: TOPERA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MDrCONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI .-GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
DATE
COLLECTED
1/12/82
I/ 5/82
11 6/82
I/ 7/82
I/ 6/82
2/24/82
I/ 5/82
I/ 4/82
3/22/82
3/19/82
I/ 7/82
I/ 6/82
I/ 4/82
1/11/82
1/26/82
2f 5/82
1/11/82
11 5/82
I/ 7/82
I/ 5/82
I/ 6/82
I/ 4/82
3/ 4/82
1/19/82
3/31/82
I/ 6/82
1/12/82
I/ 6/82
1/13/82
1/13/82
I/ 6/82
1/12/82
I/ 5/82
1/25/82
I/ 8/82
1/20/82
I/ 7/82
1/11/82
1/11/82
I/ 5/82
1/25/82
1/21/82
I/ 6/82
I/ 6/82
nCi/1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.8
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
19
-------
TABLE 12 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1982
LOCATION
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI: PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 5/82
1/11/82
1/22/82
1/26/82
3/30/82
3/ 2/82
2/10/82
1/14/82
I/ 6/82
I/ 8/82
1/11/82
I/ 7/82
1/14/82
2/10/82
I/ 7/82
I/ 4/82
1/27/82
I/ 5/82
I/ 4/82
1/22/82
1/26/82
3/19/82
I/ 4/82
I/ 5/82
2/ 1/82
I/ 5/82
I/ 5/82
1/13/82
1/15/82
1/13/82
1/15/82
nCi/1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
20
-------
TABLE 13
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
ALrDOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
ALrSCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO: DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
TOTAL
OLIDS
mg/1
162.0
136.2
58.2
112.2
120.4
26.8
37.6
332.0
159.6
740.0
41.0
131.4
GROSS BETA
DATE CTD.
pCi/1 f 2s
2.2 1.2
21 4/82
1.7 0.9
21 4/82
1.0 0.8
21 4/82
1.6 1,0
21 4/82
1.7 0.9
21 4/82
0.6 0.7
21 4/82
0.5 0.8
21 4/82
3.6 2.0
21 4/82
2.8 0.9
21 4/82
4.7 3.4
21 4/82
1.2 0.8
21 5/82
3.2 1.0
21 5/82
GROSS ALPHA SPECIFIC
DATE CTD. 90Sr 226Ra GAMMA
pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 -1- 2s pCi/1 t- 2s ACTIVITY
0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 NA
21 4/82
0.5 0.6 0.1 0.2 NA
2f 4/82
0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 NA
21 4/82
0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 NA
21 4/82
K).l 0.3 0.4 0.4 NA
21 4/82
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 NA
21 4/82
K).2 0.2 K).l 0.1 NA
21 4/82
2.7 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0
21 4/82
3.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
21 4/82
4.9 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0
21 4/82
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 NA
21 5/82
K).2 0.4 0.1 0.1 NA
21 5/82
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
21
-------
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:BAXLEY
GA:SAVANNAH
HI: HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IL:MORRIS
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA SPECIFIC
SOLIDS DATE CTD. DATE CTD. 90Sr 226Ra GAMMA
mg/1 pCi/1 f 2s pCi/1 f 2s pCi/1 f; 2s pCi/1 + 2s ACTIVITY
163.5 1.3 1.0
21 5/82
261.0 1.2 1.9
2f 5/82
154.3 3.2 1.1
21 5/82
67.8 1.1 0.8
21 5/82
171.0 2.3 1.1
21 5/82
127.3 3.6 1.2
21 5/82
58.6 0.6 0.7
21 5/82
199.0 2.8 1.6
21 5/82
670.0 5.0 18.0
2/25/82
301.0 20.3 3.2
2/10/82
369.0 7.0 2.6
2/10/82
211.0 3.9 1.7
2/10/82
80.2 1.9 0.9
2/10/82
0.3 0.6
21 5/82
0.3 0.9
21 5/82
1.9 0.8
21 5/82
K3.1 0.2
21 5/82
MD.3 0.5
21 5/82
0.2 0.4
21 5/82
0.3 0.3
21 5/82
0.8 0.7
21 5/82
10.6 9.8
2/25/82
12.4 2.9
2/10/82
0.2 1.2
2/10/82
0.6 0.7
2/10/82
0.0 0.2
2/10/82
0.0 0.0
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.3
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.6
0.1 0.1
0.4
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.3
0.5 0.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.1 0.3 11.5 0.1
1-0.6 1.5 7.6 0.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
22
-------
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
LOCATION
MA:ROWE
MD : BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME: AUGUSTA
MI :DETROIT
MI: GRAND RAPIDS
MN: MINNEAPOLIS
MN.-RED WING *
MO: JEFFERSON CITY
MS : JACKSON
MS: PORT GIBSON
MT: HELENA
NC : CHARLOTTE
NC: WILMINGTON
ND : BI SMARCK
TOTAL GROSS BETA
SOLIDS DATE CTD.
mg/1 pCi/1 + 2s
38.8 0.4 0.7
2/10/82
126.4 2.1 1.0
2/10/82
202.0 1.2 1.3
2/10/82
39.6 2.0 0.9
2/10/82
108.2 1.3 0.8
2/10/82
147.3 1.6 1.0
2/10/82
107.2 2.4 1.0
2/10/82
222.5 5.8 2.1
2/10/82
293.5 3.2 1.9
2/10/82
80.2 2.2 1.0
2/10/82
341.0 2.6 1.9
2/10/82
142.4 2.7 1.0
2/10/82
47.8 1.4 0.9
2/10/82
108.0 3.2 1.1
2/17/82
358.0 2.8 2.2
2/17/82
GROSS ALPHA SPECIFIC
DATE CTD. 90Sr 226Ra GAMMA
pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s ACTIVITY
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7
2/10/82
-0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2
2/10/82
0.5 0.8 0.1 0.1
2/10/82
0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
2/10/82
0.2 0.3 0.8 0.6
2/10/82
0.5 0.5 0.8 0.4
2/10/82
0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3
2/10/82
4.1 1.5 0.0 0.1
2/10/82
3.1 1.5 0.1 0.1
2/10/82
0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2
2/10/82
1.3 1.2 -0.4 0.4
2/10/82
0.7 0.6 0.1 0.1
2/10/82
0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
2/10/82
0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.1
2/17/82
0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
2/17/82
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.9 0.1
1.3 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
23
-------
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA
SOLIDS DATE CTD. DATE CTD.
90
Sr
226
Ra
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
mg/1 pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 f 2s pCi/1 1- 2s pCi/1 * 2s ACTIVITY
334.0 8.5 2.6
2/17/82
70.8 1.1 0.8
2/17/82
130.0 1.3 0.9
2/17/82
74.6 1.0 0.7
ll/ 2/81
187.0 7.3 1.2
2/17/82
699.0 7.0 4.2
2/17/82
80.0 1.7 0.9
2/17/82
44.2 2.0 0.9
2/17/82
143.0 1.7 1.1
2/17/82
131.0 2.0 0.9
2/25/82
207.5 2.2 1.5
2/25/82
304.0 2.4 2.2
2/25/82
222.0 2.0 1.4
2/25/82
175.0 3.1 1.3
2/25/82
3.4 1.8
2/17/82
0.0 0.3
2/17/82
0.0 0.0
2/17/82
0.6 0.4
ll/ 2/81
15.3 2.1
2/17/82
2.3 3.0
2/17/82
-0.2 0.2
2/17/82
1-0.1 0.2
2/17/82
0.1 0.4
2/17/82
0.3 0.5
2/25/82
1-0.2 0.6
2/25/82
0.3 1.0
2/25/82
0.0 0.0
2/25/82
0.1 0.5
2/25/82
0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0
1-0.4 1.4 NA
0.1 0.1 NA
t-0.1 0.2
K).4 1.7 0.2 0.0
0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
0.2 0.4
0.2 0.2
0.6 0.3
0.7 0.4
0.4 0.3
1-0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
24
-------
LOCATION
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
SOLIDS DATE CTD.
112.4 3.0 1.1
2/25/82
184.0 3.8 1.3
2/25/82
22.0 1.3 0.8
2/25/82
210.3 0.6 1.0
2/25/82
33.6 1.6 0.9
2/25/82
169.0 3.0 7.0
3/ 3/82
75.4 1.3 0.8
2/25/82
66.4 1.9 0.9
2/25/82
30.0 1.4 0.9
2/25/82
66.8 2.5 0.9
2/25/82
32.2 0.4 0.5
2/26/82
80.4 7.1 0.9
3/ 2/82
28.2 5.0 1.2
3/ 2/82
114.2 1.8 0.9
3/ 2/82
.OSS ALPHA SPECIFIC
'ATE CTD. 90Sr 226Ra GAMMA
Ci/1 + 2s pCl/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s ACTIVITY
0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
2/25/82
-0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1
2/25/82
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
2/25/82
-0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3
2/25/82
0.0 0.0 0.3 0.5
2/25/82
0.3 0.7 0.2 0.3
3/ 3/82
-0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
2/25/82
-0.1 0.2 0.7 0.5
2/25/82
0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2
2/25/82
0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
2/25/82
0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1
2/26/82
64.0 3.0 0.1 0.1
3/ 2/82
0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3
3/ 2/82
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5
3/ 2/82
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.3 0.0
NA
NA
N,
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
-------
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
1981
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA
LOCATION
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX: AUSTIN
VArLYNCHBURG
VArVIRGINIA BEACH
VArDOSWELL
VI: ST. THOMAS
WArRICHLAND
WA: SEATTLE
WIrGENOA CITY
WI: MADISON
J. W J. £1J_J
SOLIDS
mg/1
131.2
157.0
87.0
189.0
140.0
66.0
73.0
31.0
173.0
217.0
VJ L\.\J l_J LJ
DATE
pCi/1
3
3
1
3
2
1
1
0
1
3
.8
3/
.4
3/
.9
3/
.8
3/
.6
3/
.1
3/
.2
3/
.3
3/
.6
3/
.8
3/
ULJ -1. AA
CTD.
+ 2s
1.1
2/82
1.3
2/82
0.9
2/82
1.4
2/82
1.1
2/82
0.8
2/82
0.8
2/82
0.8
2/82
1.0
2/82
1.6
2/82
DATE CTD.
pCi
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
/I
.2
3/
.1
3/
.1
3/
.7
3/
.2
3/
.0
3/
.1
3/
.0
3/
.6
3/
.2
3/
+ 2s
0.4
2/82
0.6
2/82
0.3
2/82
0.7
2/82
0.3
2/82
0.2
2/82
0.3
2/82
0.0
2/82
0.7
2/82
0.8
2/82
90Sr 226Ra
pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 +
NA NA
0.0 0.1 NA
0.1 0.1 NA
0.4 0.3 NA
0.3 0.6 NA
0.0 0.1 NA
0.2 0.2 NA
-0.1 0.1 NA
0.4 0.3 NA
0.2 0.2 NA
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
* 228Ra RESULTS FOR MN:RED WING
ND NO ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
NA NO ANALYSIS
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
4.9 pCl/1 + 0.98
26
-------
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
The external gamma monitoring program, which began in October
1978, provides a continuous measurement of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United States. Data from this program will be used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions and to provide a means of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels due to weapons fallout, reactor
operations, etc. Initially, the program will consist of approximately
22 sites representing a wide geographic coverage throughout the
country. Hopefully, at some later date additional sites will be added
to the program. Although exposure measurements at these few sites are
not totally representative of nationwide exposures, they will be
indicative of national trends.
The monitoring program utilizes CaF2:Mn thermoluminescent
dosimeters (TLD's). These dosimeters are commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields. A group
of four TLD's is located at each station or site. Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in the field.
The dosimeters are returned to EERF for readout on an approximate
one-month cycle. Several dosimeters are annealed by the station
operator as controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.
Results from the period January - March 1982 are shown in Table
14.
27
-------
TABLE 14
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED EXPOSURE
LOCATION DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
MR
MICRO R/HR + 2 s
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
NY:NEW YORK
NY:NEW YORK
OH: COLUMBUS
OH: COLUMBUS
OH: COLUMBUS
OR PORTLAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
RI:PROVIDENCE
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC.-BARNWELL
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
TN.-KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
s = SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
10482- 20382
20382- 30382
30382- 40682
10482- 20182
20182- 30182
30182- 40182
10882- 20382
20382- 30482
30482- 40182
10482- 20982
20982- 32882
20582- 30482
30482- 40582
10582- 20582
20582- 30582
30582- 40782
11282- 20282
20282- 30182
20182- 30182
30182- 40182
20482- 30582
30582- 40582
12982- 30182
30182- 40182
10582- 21082
21082- 30282
30282- 40582
123181- 20382
20382- 30182
30182- 40282
10582- 20382
20382- 30282
12982- 22582
10582- 20182
20182- 30282
11282- 20482
20482- 30482
30482- 40582
12882- 30482
30482- 40182
12982- 22682
22682- 40282
12882- 40282
123181- 20182
10282- 30182
30182- 40182
122882- 11882
11882- 21782
21782- 32282
32282- 40182
7.8
7.6
8.4
6.1
3.9
4.3
9.5
10.3
11.8
8.4
4.6
6.8
9.0
5.4
4.5
5.7
4.2
5.3
6.0
7.5
9.5
10.6
5.4
5.2
6.3
3.5
6.4
5.6
4.2
5.4
5.7
5.3
3.8
8.4
8.8
5.6
7.5
7.8
6.4
5.6
5.8
7.2
13^6
6.7
6.0
6.7
3.9
5.1
5.8
1.7
10.9
11.4
10.4
9.1
5.8
5.8
15.3
14.8
17.5
9.8
4.1
10.5
11.7
7.2
6.8
7.4
8.3
8.2
9.0
10.1
13.7
14.3
7.3
6.9
7.3
7.2
7.9
6.8
6.8
7.1
8.2
8.2
5.9
13.0
12.6
10.2
11.2
10.1
7.6
8.3
8.6
8.6
8.8
9.0
8.9
9.0
7.8
7.1
7.4
7.2
3.4
3.8
9.7
5.2
17.7
5.7
8.3
3.9
5.7
4.0
6.6
8.2
4.9
5.4
6.1
4.4
3.9
13.0
4.3
6.7
3.6
2.9
8.3
8.9
4.9
20.4
3.4
6.7
9.1
6.6
6.2
6.6
6.5
5.1
3.1
4.4
6.1
4.7
6.8
5.6
4.9
5.3
4.4
5.4
11.9
5.4
4.4
6.6
7.9
7.8
28
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
This is a cooperative program of the EPA, ORP and the Dairy and
Lipid Products Branch, Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug
Administration. Milk is a reliable indicator of the general
populations intake of radionuclides since it is consumed by a large
segment of the population and contains several of the biologically
important contaminants resulting from environmental releases from
nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain
reliable monitoring data relative to current radionuclide
concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with one or
more located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal. These
are composite samples representing more than 80 percent of the milk
consumed in a given population center.
These samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium-140,
cesium-137, and potassium. All 65 samples are analyzed annually in
July for strontium-89, and strontium-90. Also, for the first month of
the three quarters beginning January, April and October, 10 regional
composite samples of milk made up from the states within each of
EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for strontium-89 and strontium-90.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are determined
by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate which has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.
The values from the pasteurized milk samples for January - March
1982 are shown in Tables 15 - 17. Strontium values from regional
composite samples collected January - March 1982 are shown in Table
18.
Tritium rn Milk
It was previously proposed to analyze all 65 milk samples for
tritium in the aqueous and organic phases, on an annual basis (on the
April sample). The EERF is currently evaluating alternative
analytical techniques anticipating that these analyses will begin
during the coming year.
29
-------
TABLE 15
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1982
131n
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME: PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN./ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
DATE
COLLECTED
I/
I/
I/
7/82
4/82
6/82
1/12/82
I/
II
8/82
7/82
1/27/82
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
4/82
8/82
4/82
4/82
6/82
6/82
4/82
1/12/82
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
4/82
4/82
6/82
4/82
5/82
4/82
5/82
7/82
4/82
6/82
8/82
6/82
5/82
4/82
7/82
4/82
7/82
4/82
5/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
1/11/82
1/11/82
I/
I/
I/
4/82
6/82
5/82
1/15/82
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K J'
g/l+2s
.48
.44
.34
.34
.48
.42
.36
.42
.41
.44
.38
.39
.37
.45
.42
.35
.27
.38
.38
.40
.41
.40
.39
.43
.42
.28
.39
.41
.36
.19
.44
.46
.32
.40
.41
.33
.40
.35
.35
.40
.34
.37
.35
.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.11
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-5.
6.
-2.
1.
0.
-1.
-1.
3.
7.
-5.
14.
0.
19.
-3.
7.
-3.
2.
3.
5.
3.
4.
20.
2.
4.
-3.
-2.
4.
5.
4.
-1.
0.
5.
2.
3.
2.
1.
6.
6.
3.
3.
7.
5.
14.
3.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7-
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7-
7.
7.
5.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
J.-H
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-1.
0.
1.
-2.
2.
-8.
-8.
0.
-6.
2.
-5.
-2.
1.
-4.
6.
-1.
-4.
4.
2.
-4.
-1.
6.
0.
-8.
-5.
3.
1.
-4.
-1.
-2.
-1.
4.
-7.
-7.
-5.
2.
-6.
1.
-1.
-2.
1.
-1.
-6.
-4.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
20.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
a. ~s J
LI
pCi/l+2s
**^
1.
0.
1.
-1.
0.
0.
-1.
5.
-7.
-1.
-3.
0.
3.
-3.
4.
0.
<£
5.
0.
0.
-3.
1.
3.
-3.
-3.
1.
0.
-2.
1.
0.
2.
1.
2.
1.
6.
0.
2.
-4.
0.
-1.
5.
1.
1.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
30
-------
TABLE 15 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1982
LOCATION
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
1/28/82
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
7/82
4/82
4/82
6/82
8/82
4/82
4/82
5/82
1/12/82
1/13/82
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K
g/l+2s
.41
.44
.52
.38
.30
.54
.43
.38
.44
.37
.37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.22
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
137Cg
pCi/l+2s
0.
2.
0.
2.
0.
2.
3.
0.
2.
4.
1.
15.
7.
7-
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
140Ba
pCi/l+2s
-22.
-3.
0.
-6.
-2.
-2.
-1.
-8.
-6.
-2.
-3.
19.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
131-,.
pC±/l+2s
10.
2.
0.
0.
-2.
0.
0.
2.
2.
7.
0.
13.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
31
-------
TABLE 16
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1982
LOCATION
AL: MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ: PHOENIX
CArLOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CTrHARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL.-TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY .-LOUISVILLE
MA .-BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN./ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
DATE
COLLECTED
21 4/82
21 1/82
2/10/82
2/16/82
21 1/82
21 3/82
2/23/82
2/ 1/82
21 5/82
2/ 8/82
2/ 1/82
2/15/82
21 2/82
2/ 8/82
21 3/82
2/ 1/82
21 8/82
2/ 4/82
2/ 1/82
2/ 9/82
2/ 5/82
21 2/82
2/ 8/82
2/ 2/82
2/12/82
2/10/82
2/ 1/82
21 1/82
2/ 1/82
2/12/82
2/ 1/82
2/ 4/82
2/ 9/82
21 1/82
2/ 1/82
21 1/82
2/ 1/82
2/ 8/82
2/ 1/82
2/ 8/82
2/10/82
2/11/82
2/11/82
2/18/82
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.42
.36
.41
.42
.39
.32
.33
.42
.27
.40
.36
.34
.30
.39
.35
.40
.29
.37
.34
.50
.39
.45
.33
.35
.46
.40
.37
.46
.48
.22
.35
.38
.36
.43
.44
.41
.30
.39
.36
.39
.50
.38
.38
.38
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
22
22
08
12
08
08
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
22
137Cs
pCi/l+2s
3
5
2
-1
4
5
6
14
6
4
8
5
5
0
5
9
6
5
5
1
0
4
8
3
5
5
6
1
6
7
0
4
4
1
0
4
-2
5
2
5
3
13
3
11
*
.
,
.
.
*
.
.
*
,
m
.
,
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7-
7.
7-
7.
15.
15.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
140Ba
pCi/l+2s
-7-
-6.
-6.
-5.
-7.
-2.
-9.
0.
-8.
-6.
-8.
-10.
-8.
-4.
-20.
-2.
-2.
-4.
-6.
-1.
-3.
-3.
-3.
-3.
-3.
-4.
-5.
0.
-17.
1.
-2.
-1.
1.
-2.
-4.
-5.
-6.
-1.
-5.
-7.
3.
3.
-1.
-15.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
19.
6.
8.
6.
6.
8.
8.
20.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
131,
pCi/l+2s
-1.
-3.
5.
3.
2.
0.
3.
-2.
-2.
4.
5.
-1.
3.
-1.
6.
0.
-3.
0.
-2.
-3.
0.
0.
-1.
1.
-3.
0.
-1.
-3.
0.
3.
1.
0.
1.
-1.
4.
-4.
2.
1.
-1.
0.
2.
1.
-1.
-1.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7-
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
13.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7-
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
32
-------
TABLE 16 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1982
LOCATION
SDrRAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WYrLARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
21
21
21
4/82
8/82
1/82
2/18/82
2/23/82
21
21
21
21
21
21
5/82
1/82
5/82
4/82
1/82
1/82
2/22/82
21
2/82
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K
g/l+2s
.38
.36
.40
.38
.37
.32
.45
.47
.42
.36
.40
.29
.36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.08
.12
.08
.08
.12
.12
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-1.
5.
0.
7.
0.
1.
4.
3.
1.
0.
5.
0.
1.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7.
7.
J_<4U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
-6.
2.
-3.
3.
-3.
-4.
2.
-5.
-3.
0.
-6.
-2.
-3.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
6.
8.
6.
6.
8.
8.
J. J J.
I
pCi/l+2s
2.
1.
-3.
2.
3.
1.
0.
1.
-1.
-1.
-4.
0.
0.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7.
7.
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
33
-------
TABLE 17
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1982
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN./ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK .-OKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
DATE
COLLECTED
3/ 4/82
3/ 1/82
3/10/82
3/ 2/82
3/ 3/82
3/ 3/82
3/30/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 5/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
3/10/82
3/ 2/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 3/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 8/82
3/ 8/82
3/ 2/82
3/29/82
3/ 9/82
3/ 5/82
3/ 8/82
3/10/82
3/10/82
3/ 1/82
3/11/82
3/ 3/82
3/ 8/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
3/12/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 4/82
3/25/82
3/10/82
3/ 2/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 8/82
3/29/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.34
.39
.31
.35
.41
.36
.43
.44
.37
.36
.41
.35
.42
.30
.34
.44
.43
.37
.38
.40
.42
.38
.53
.37
.42
.37
.39
.38
.33
.30
.43
.29
.23
.33
.38
.36
.45
.45
.44
.34
.39
.42
.38
.30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.12
.16
.08
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
Cs
pCi/l+2s
5.
9.
2.
2.
8.
3.
4.
9.
5.
5.
19.
4.
3.
7.
2.
0.
4.
4.
7.
4.
3.
3.
9.
9.
9.
-1.
5.
2.
2.
1.
3.
0.
2.
4.
-1.
3.
7.
5.
1.
0.
4.
0.
6.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7-
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7-
11.
5.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7-
7.
7-
7.
7.
7.
7.
7-
7.
7.
7.
J.*+^
'Ba
pCi/l+2s
-9.
0.
-1.
-5.
-2.
-2.
3.
0.
-2.
3.
1.
-4.
6.
-2.
5.
-5.
-3.
0.
-3.
7.
0.
7.
-4.
2.
-3.
1.
-3.
-3.
-1.
2.
-4.
-3.
1.
1.
-7.
-3.
-4.
2.
-1.
-1.
-6.
-8.
3.
1.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
6.
8.
13.
6.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
J. J J
LI
pCi/l+2s
2.
-2.
-1.
0.
4.
5.
-1.
4.
1.
0.
-2.
4.
-10.
4.
1.
4.
-2.
-3.
2.
-2.
0.
4.
4.
1.
5.
-5.
2.
-3.
2.
3.
-4.
1.
-3.
0.
4.
1.
0,
2.
1.
0.
2.
0.
1.
-1.
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
5
7
9
5
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
13
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
m
*
.
-
.
.
.
»
*
.
m
*
*
34
-------
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1982
LOCATION
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TNrMEMPHIS
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/ 8/82
3/10/82
3/11/82
3/25/82
3/ 4/82
3/ 8/82
3/ 1/82
3/11/82
3/ 2/82
3/ 5/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 1/82
3/ 3/82
3/31/82
3/ 2/82
K ij'
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.36
.43
.30
.35
.46
.30
.38
.48
.37
.54
.39
.31
.43
.49
.35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
Cs
pCi/l+2s
2.
0.
2.
4.
3.
1.
9.
2.
5.
6.
5.
5.
-1.
6.
5.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
I'M
JBa
pCi/l+2s
-5.
1.
7.
-23.
-5.
-6.
6.
-4.
0.
-1.
5.
3.
-6.
0.
0.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
±j j
LI
pCi/l+2s
1.
-1.
-5.
-3.
2.
1.
3.
-1.
3.
4.
-2.
6.
2.
7.
-2.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7-
7.
7.
5.
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
35
-------
TABLE 18
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES
JANUARY - MARCH 1982
EPA 9°Sr 89Sr
REGION pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s*
I 3.2 1.4 0. 0.
II 3.5 1.2 0. 0.
Ill 3.2 1.0 1. 0.
IV 2.8 1.0 0. 0.
V 2.8 1.0 1. 0.
VI 3.4 1.2 0. 0.
VII 3.5 1.3 0. 0.
VIII 1.9 0.9 1. 0.
IX 0.6 0.4 1. 1.
X 2.0 0.9 1. 0.
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
36
-------
Carbon-14 in Milk
Nine stations, chosen for wide geographical distribution,
contribute milk samples for annual analysis for carbon-14. These
samples have monitored the carbon-14 levels in the food chain
resulting from nuclear testing.
Analysis consists of combusting the samples and measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.
The results of carbon-14 analysis on samples collected during
May 1975 and May 1979 are reported in Tables 19 and 20 respectively.
37
-------
TABLE 19
Carbon-14 in Milk
May 1975
Location
Date
Sample
Collected
dpm/g C +
2 Sigma
Counting
Error
pCi/1 +
2 Sigma
Counting
Error
LArNew Orleans
MArBoston
HIrHonolulu
CA:Los Angeles
OR:Portland
ID:Idaho Falls
SCrCharleston
IL:Chicago
AK:Anchorage
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
17.62+0.5
18.02+0.5
17.63+0.6
17.97+0.5
17.61+0.6
21.18+0.7
19.29+0.6
21.23+0.7
NS
474+13
485+13
474+16
483+13
474+16
570+19
519+13
571+19
38
-------
TABLE 20
Carbon-14 in Milk
May 1979
Location
Date
S amp le
Collected
dpm/g C j
2 Sigma
Counting
Error
pCi/1 +
2 Sigma
Counting
Error
LA:New Orleans
MA:Boston
HI:Honolulu
CA:Los Angeles
ORrPortland
ID:Idaho Falls
SC Charleston
IL:Chicago
AK:Anchorage
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
5/79
16.63+1.7
16.54+1.0
18.23+1.4
17.79+1.4
16.65+1.3
17.39+1.3
16.78+1.4
16.47+1.2
15.28+1.2
493+16
445+28
490+38
479+38
448+34
468+34
451+37
443+31
411+32
39
-------
DATA - STATE AGENCIES
Radiological Health Laboratory
Indiana State Board of Health
Indiana Milk Analysis Program
In order to evaluate the fallout on Indiana pasturelands, the
State has implemented a program whereby monthly milk samples from
five geographical areas are sent to the Radiological Health
Laboratory of the State Board of Health. The milk in these samples is
bottled on the same date in all five areas to provide uniform time
from pasture to the lab.
Once in the laboratory, the milk is first analyzed by gamma
spectroscopy for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and
potassium-40. A one gallon sample is analyzed on a 3" x 3" Nal(Tl)
scintillation crystal for 4800 seconds. A background sample of 48,000
seconds is also run. The data are analyzed to give pCi/1 for each
radionuclide.
A quarterly composite sample is saved and run for strontium-89
and -90 by ion exchange method.
Data for the first and second quarters of 1982 are shown in
Tables 21-22.
40
-------
TABLE 21
INDIANA MILK ANALYSIS PROGRAM
(First and Second Quarters of 1982)
Concentrations of Selected Gamma Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
Location
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
* Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
^Denotes sample not taken.
Date
1/82
1/82
1/82
1/82
1/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
pCi/1
1-131
0 ± 5
6 ± 5
3 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
6 ± 5
4 ± 5
0 ± 5
1 ± 5
3 ± 5
0 ± 5
1 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
2 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
4 ± 5
0 ± 5
-3 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
9 ± 5
1 ± 5
13 ± 5
7 ± 5
3 ± 5
pCi/1
Ba-140
0 ± 5
1 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
5 ± 5
6 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
7 ± 5
2 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
0 ± 5
6 ± 5
3 ± 5
0 ± 5
-3 ± 5
2 ± 5
1 ± 5
-7 ± 5
1 ± 5
3 ± 5
-2 ± 5
-1 ± 5
pCi/1
Cs-137
2 ± 5
13 ± 5
15 ± 5
9 ± 5
4 ± 5
3 ± 5
14 ± 5
0 ± 5
1 ± 5
0 ± 5
10 ± 5
4 ± 5
4 ± 5
1 ± 5
7 ± 5
0 ± 5
1 ± 5
1 ± 5
1 ± 5
5 ± 5
5 ± 5
5 ± 5
4 ± 5
8 ± 5
~ ~
12 ± 5
5 ± 5
29 ± 7
15 ± 5
2 ± 5
8/1
K
1.69 ± 0.12
1.74 ± 0.12
1.70 ± 0.12
1.63 ± 0.12
1.61 ± 0.12
1.62 ± 0.12
1.58 ± 0.12
1.55 ± 0.12
1.53 ± 0.12
1.54 ± 0.12
1.51 ± 0.12
1.58 ± 0.12
1.63 ± 0.12
1.48 ± 0.12
1.51 ± 0.12
1.57 ± 0.12
1.47 ± 0.12
1.57 ± 0.12
1.62 ± 0.12
1.53 ± 0.12
1.54 ± 0.12
1.58 ± 0.12
1.53 ± 0.12
1.56 ± 0.12
" ~
1.76 ± 0.12
1.58 ± 0.12
1.79 ± 0.12
1.71 ± 0.12
1.70 ± 0.12
41
-------
TABLE 22
89 90
Concentrations of Sr and Sr in Pasteurized Milk
(pCi/1 ± 2 Sigma Counting Error)
Location
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
* Indianapolis
* Rochester
* Seymour
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
Date
1/82
1/82
1/82
1/82
1/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
2/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
3/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
4/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
5/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
6/82
89
Sr
90
Sr
0
1
0
-3
-2
6
4
3
-1
1
3
4
3
2
5
-1
-2
-3
-1
-3
-1
2
12
13
8
-4
0
1
2
3
± 0.3
± 0.5
± 0.3
± 0.6
± 0.5
± 0.9
± 0.7
± 0.6
± 0.3
± 0.3
± 0.6
± 0.7
± 0.6
± 0.5
± 0.8
± 0.3
± 0.5
± 0.6
± 0.3
± 0.6
± 0.5
± 0.5
± 1.6
± 1.8
± 1.1
± 0.7
± 0.3
± 0.5
± 0.5
± 0.6
4
4
4
6
5
3
3
3
5
3
4
3
2
6
4
3
4
4
4
5
4
2
3
2
3
6
4
4
5
3
± 0.7
± 0.7
± 0.7
± 0.9
± 0.8
± 0.6
± 0.6
± 0.6
± 0.8
± 0.6
± 0.7
± 0.6
± 0.5
± 0.9
± 0.7
± 0.6
± 0.7
± 0.7
± 0.7
± 0.8
± 0.7
± 0.5
± 0.6
± 0.5
± 0.6
± 0.9
± 0.7
± 0.7
± 0.8
± 0.6
'^Denotes 3 columns were contaminated by previous testing of EPA
collaborative sample.
42
-------
Radiological Health Division
State Hygienic Laboratory of Iowa
Iowa Water Sampling Program
The radiological Health Division of the State Hygienic
Laboratory of Iowa with the assistance of the State Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ) maintains a state-wide water sampling
program of community drinking waters, surface waters and
precipitation. All analyses with the exception of the sequential
Ra-226, -228 analyses are performed according to "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 14th edition. The
sequential analyses for radiums are performed according to the EPA
publication, EPA-600/4-75-008, "Interim Radiochemical Methodology for
Drinking Water."
The drinking water samples are collected by DEQ regional
personnel and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory where they are
preserved with HC1. These waters are analyzed for gross alpha and
gross beta radioactivity as a screening process. Subsequent analyses
for Ra-226, Ra-228, Sr-90 are performed if screening levels are
exceeded. Radium levels are of primary concern in Iowa drinking
waters as those levels are elevated in deep geologic aquifers within
the state.
Surface waters are collected at eleven sites throughout the
state with site selection being determined by proximity upstream and
downstream to nuclear power plants in Iowa or those plants
discharging into rivers which are natural borders with adjoining
states. Gross alpha, gross beta, and tritium are the routine
radionuclide analyses for these samples. Strontium is of interest
when gross beta screening levels are exceeded or if nuclear weapons
testing necessitates monitoring to determine its impact on the
environment.
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium, for the second quarter,
1981, are shown in Table 23.
Gross Radiation in Precipitation for the second quarter, 1981,
is shown in Table 24.
Gross Activity in Surface Water reported as pCi/1 for the second
quarter, 1981, is shown in Table 25.
Gross Beta Activity in Air for the second quarter, 1981 is shown
in Table 26.
SDWA (Safe Drinking Water Act) analyses for April, May and June,
1981, are shown in Tables 27, 28, and 29 respectively.
SDWA Radiological analyses, second quarter recheck samples, for
1981 are shown in Table 30.
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium, second quarter, 1981, are
shown in Table 31.
DEQ Mineral Samples for April, May, and June 1981, are shown in
43
-------
Tables 32, 33, and 34 respectively.
The concentrations of Sr-90 In Iowa Milk Samples are shown in
Table 35.
44
-------
TABLE 23
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
STATEWIDE DYNAMIC SURFACE WATER REPORT
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium
Data for 2nd Quarter 1981
IOWA CITY PRECIPITATION
Date Collected Date Counted 3H Activity, nCi/1
04-06-81 07-16-81 <1.18
04-09-81 07-16-81 <1.18
04-13-81 07-16-81 <1.18
04-14-81 07-16-81 <1..18
04-23-81 07-16-81 <1.18-
04-29-81 07-16-81 <1.18
05-05-81 07-16-81 <1.18
05-14-81 07-16-81 <1.18
05-26-81 07-16-81 <1.18
06-24-81 07-16-81 <1.18
06-30-81 07-16-81 <1.18
45
-------
TABLE 24
RADIATION *>
18034
18036
13052
18057
18083
18117
18154
18195
18226
18342
18353
DATE SAMPLED
04-06-31
04-09-81
04-13-81
04-14-81
04-23-81
04-29-81
05-05-81
05-14-81
05-26-81
06-24-81
'06-30-81
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
I QUA CITY, IOWA
IOWA CITY PRECIPITATION
GROSS RADIATION
Data for April, May, June 1981
AMOUNT
PRECIPITATION
mm
17.3
10.0
33.3
5.7
10.0
13.3
5.7
3.3
15.3
62.0
39.3
Highest
Lowest
Average of 11
WATER
COLLECTED
1
2.6
1.5
5.0
0.8
1.5
2.0
0.8
0.5
2.3
9.3
5.9
ACTIVITY
ALPHA (DS)
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
<0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
<0.1
0.2
IN pCi/1
BETA-GAMMA ,(DS)
41
26
32
17
13
38
41
107
57
11
10
107
10
36
-------
TABLE 25
RADIATION -'-
18043
1^062
13157
18196
18213
18331
18346
18041
18078
13084
1821,
13263.
18270
13296
18306
18'349
13363
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for April, May, June 1981
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS OS
SS
BETA-bAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
SKUNK RIVER AT AMES
04-09-81
04-16-81
04-30-81
05-14-81
05-21-31
06-18-81
06-25-81
Average of 7
04-08-81
04-14-81
04-21-81
04-28-81
-05-05-81
05-12-H1
05- 19- SI
05-26-81
06-02-81
06-09-81
06-16-81
06-23-81
06-30-81
Average of 13
10.4
2.0
7.7
1.5
2.7
3.2
0.5
4.0
CEDAR RIVER AT
0.9
0.1
1.3
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.0
1.2
1.0
2.2
1.8
0.8
1.4
1.1
2.2
1.6
1.8
0.7
2.4
2.5
0.5
1.7
CEDAR RAPIDS
0.8
0.1
1.2
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.2
0.9
1.5
1.0
0.6
0.9
0.9
8.2
0.4
5.9
0.8
0.3
0.7
Nil
2.3
0.1
Nil
0.1
Nil
Nil
0.1
0.2
Nil
0.1
0.7
0.8
0.2
0.5
0.2
8
11
2
12
5
11
4
8
6
4
4
5
6
6
3
4
5
13
6
5
5
6
6
8
1
12
3
9
4
6
6
4
4
5
6
5
3
4
4
,10
3
5
4
5
2
3
1
Nil
2
2
Nil
2
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
Nil
Nil
1
3
3
Nil
1
1
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data.for April, May, June 1981
RADIATION
18042
18060
13080
18118
18168
18193
18210
18259
18268
18297
18333
18344
1S364
18053
18059
18082
18166
18187
18194
18214
18234
18271
18295
18305
18345
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
MISSOURI RIVER AT COUNCIL BLUFFS
04-06-81
04-13-81
04-20-81
04-27-81
05-05-81
05-11-81
05-18-81
06-01-81
05-27-81
06-08-81
06-15-81
06-22-81
06-29-81
Average of
04-10-81
04-15-81
04-22-81
04-30-81
05-07-81
05-12-81
05-21-81
05-28-31
06-04-81
06-10-81
06-17-81
06-24-81
Average of
1.9
3.6
2.0
1.9
2.2
2.0
2.1
1.0
1.6
2.7
3.3
1.9
4.6
13 2.4
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.3
0.3
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.4
4.4
12 0.8
1.5
3.2
1.9
1.1
2.0
1.7
1.5
0.7
1.4
1.6
2.0
1.3
2.6
1.7
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.2
1.1
1.3
0.6
2.0
0.7
5
10
15
7
11
6
4
6
10
7
7
15
3
3
5
10
12
5
6
6
4
6
7
7
7
9
3
7
Nil
<0.5
3
2
5
Nil
Nil
Nil
3
Nil
Nil
6
Nil
1
DAVENPORT
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
1.6
0.4
Nil
Nil
0.6
0.1
Nil
0.1
0.2
0.1
Nil
0.2
0.2
2.8
0.4
6
3
5
6
4-
5
16
5
4
4
5
20
7
4
3
4
5
4
5
3
4
3
3
3.
6
4
2
Nil
1
1
Nil
Nil
13
1
1
1
2
14
3
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
-P.
VD
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for April, May, June 1981
RADIATION -
13173
18019
18051
18061
18113
18156
18185
18209
18225
13257
1--J/76
13035
13233
18343
17981
18167
18262
DATE SAMPLED
Ai_PHA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
DES MOINES RIVER AT DES MOINES
05-06-81
Average of 1
04-03-81
04-09-81
04-16-81
04-23-81
04-30-81
05-07-81
05-15-81
05-22-81
05-29-81
06-04-31
06-18-31
06-26-81
Average of 1 2
04-06-81
05-26-31
06-22-81
Average of 3
04-02-81
05-06-81
06-01-81
Average of 3
3.6
3.6
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
0.1
0.2
0..4
Nil
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.8
6.8
0.5
NISHNABOTNA RIVER
2.1
0.7
2.7
1.8
IOWA RIVER AT
0.5
2.0
0.7
1.1
2.1
2.1
AT DUBUQUE
Nil
0.1
0.4
Nil
0.2
0.6 <
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.3
AT .HAMBURG
2.1
0.2
2.3
1.5
IOWA CITY
0.4
1.7
0.5
0.9
1.5
1.5
0.1
0.1
Nil
Nil
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.3
Nil
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
Nil
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
5
5
5
4
7
5
4
4
4
5
5
6
5
4
5
10
8
10
9
8
6
4
6
5
5
3
4
7
5
4
4
4
5
4
3
4
4
4
8
7
9
8
8
6
4
6
Nil
Nil
2
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
3
1
Nil
1
2
1
1
1
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
en
o
RADIATION *
13022
13054
13031
18115
18159
18191
18211
18258
13289
18303
18341
13354
IS'Vi
13053
18077
18116
18165
13192
18224
18230
18269
18290
18362
-.INIVERSITV HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for April, May, June 1981
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS OS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
04-06-81
04-13-81
04-20-81
04-27-81
05-04-81
05-11-81
05-18-81
06-01-81
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-22-81
06-29-81
Average of 12
04-06-81
04-13-31
04-20-31
04-23-31
05-04-31
05-11-31
05-18-81
05-26-81
06-01-81
06-08-81
06-30-81
Average of 11
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.8
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.5
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.3
0.6
MISSOURI RIVER AT
1.9
2.5
2.4
1.9
2.5
1.0
2.5
2.2
1.4
5.2
1.6
2.1
AT LANSING
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
1.2
0.5
0.4
1.2
0/6
SIOUX
1.3
2.4
1.7
1.9
1.9
0.9
1.9
2.0
1.0
3.3
1.3
1.7
0.2
0.2
Nil
0.4
0.1
Nil
0.1
0.3
0.1
Nil
0.2
0.1
0.1
CITY
0.1
0.1
0.7
Nil
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.4
1.9
0.3
0.4
9
4
5
6
5
2
4
3
3
3
2
7
4
8
3
9
9
14
4
7
3
4
6
5
7
6
4
5
5
4
2
3
2
3
3
1
7
4
8
3
9
8
12
3
7
7
3
5
5
6
3
Nil
Nil
1
1
Nil
1
1
Nil
Nil
1
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
2
1
Nil
1
1
1
Nil
1
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
RADIATION
'iNlV'ERSlTY HYGIENIC LABOKATORr
(OWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACT1VITY REPORTED AS pCi/i
Data for April, May, June 1981
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
13020
18J55
13079
13114
18158
18229
18260
18277
18304
18340
18355
04-06-81
04-n-Hl
04-20-81
04-27-81
05-04-31
05-26-81
06-01-31
06-08-81
06-15-81
06-22-81
06-29-81
Average of 11
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
:VER AT VINTON-
0.6
1.3
1.0
0.7
0.5
1.1
0.7
0.9
0.9
0.8
1.0
0.9
0.5
1.3
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.1
Nil
Nil
0.1
Nil
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
<0. 1
0.3
0.2
5
7
5
4
7
3
6
3
5
4
5
5
5
7
5
4
6
3
6
3
3
3
5
5
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
Nil
Nil
Nil
2
1
Nil
Nil
-------
TABLE 26
Page 1
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
2ND QUARTER 1981
April , May, June 1981
SAMPLE rf
1015535
1015977
1015978
1015981
1016192
1016193
1016194
1016195
1036196
1016505
1016506
1016507
1015495
1015932
.1015936
1015940
1015927
1015931
1016223
1016227
1016231
1016235
1016243
1016538
1016537
1016533
101560,1
1015602
1015604
1015605
1015606
1016048
1016049
1016050
10J6051
1016052
1016313
1016319
1016320
1016321
1016324
AIR VOLUME
DATE SAMPLED m3
AMES
04-04-81
04-10-81
04-16-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-28-81
06-03-81
06-09-81
06-16-81
06-21-81
COUNCIL BLUFFS
04-10-81
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-28-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-28-81
06-03-81
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
DUBUQUE
04-04-81
04-10-81
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-28-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-28-81
06-03-31
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
52
1758.2
1761.9
1815.4
1809.9
1855.2
1837.7
1801.9
1810.7
1694.8
1672.1
1768.8
1846.5
Average of 12
1730.9
1807.0
1699.1
1650.0
1683.6
1743.2
1697.3
1657.7
1699.3
1690.2
1582.6
1647.0
1649.4
1596.0
Average of 14
1754.0
1631.5
1728.0
1641.4
1686.3
1734.5
1797.7
1730.6
1907.2
1400.2
167?. 6
168^.5
1702.6
1632.4
1665.7
Average of 15
pCi/rii3
0.08
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.22
0.36
0.36
0.20
0.22
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.20
0.30
0.23
0.20
' 0.23
0.20
0.40
0.40
0.33
0.17
0.24
0.22
0.15
0.19
0.13
0.24
0.17
0.19
0.26
0.23
0.21
0.43
0.23
0.36
0.40
0.16
0.27
0.21
0.10
0.12
0.19
0.24
-------
TABLE 26 (CONTINUED)
Page 2
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
2ND QUARTER 1981
April, May, June 1981
SAMPLE #
1015795
1016068
1016064
1016056
1015994
1016401
1016397
1016391
1016393
1016385
1353613
1353609
1353605
1016060
1015664
1014838
1014839
1014840
1014841
1016084
1016085
1016086
1016037
1016088
1016417
1016418
1016419
1016420
] 01 6421
1013629
DATE SAMPLED
MASON CITY
04-04-81
04-10-81
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-28-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-28-81
06-03-81
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
OTTUMWA
04-04-81
04-10-31
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-29-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-29-81
06-03-81
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
AIR VOLUME
m3
1693.9
1724.6
1733.7
1721.0
1924.6
1716.4
1837.9
1886.7
1709.3
1327.6
1791.6
1796.9
1871.3
1792.7
1788.5
Average of 15
' 1725.0
1783.4
1769.5
1712.0
1786.9
1783.3
1814.6
1828.9
1820.6
1809.4
1730.2
1722.1
1638.8
1733.3
1774.2
Average of 15
pCi/m3
0.04
0.25
0.02
0.12
0.22
0.12
0.13
0.35
0.35
0.09
0.23
0.19
0.12
0.11
0.16
0.17
0.13
0.19
0.23
0.18
0.31
0.28 '
0.17
0.38
0.14
0.17
0.23
0.20
0.12
0.11
0.34
0.21
53
-------
TABLE 26 (CONTINUED)
Page 3
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
2ND QUARTER 1981
April , May, June 1981
SAMPLE #
1016118
1016101
1016113
1016110
1015463
265625
1016442
1016435
1353663
1353662
1353649
1353653
1353642
1014333
1014889
1014891
1014892
1014893
1015887
1015888
1015889
1015891
1015392
1015893
101573S
10] 6184
1016177
] 016 178
1016123
1016121
1016463
1016465
1016453
1353667
1353664
1353677
1353673
DATE SAMPLED
DAVENPORT
04-04-81
04-10-81
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-28-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-28-81-
06-03-81
06-09-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
WATERLOO
04-04-81
04-10-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-28-81
06-03-81
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-27-81
SIOUX CITY
04-04-81
04-10-81
04-16-81
04-22-81
04-28-81
05-04-81
05-10-81
05-16-81
05-22-81
05-09-81"
06-15-81
06-21-81
06-07-81
i
AIR VOLUME
m3
1562.3
1557.1
1660.9
1636.3
1630.6
1636.3
1619.3
1416.5
1455.6
1463.4
1496.8
1539.6
1504.6
Average of 13
1849.9
1944.4
1774.0
1900.0
1869.3
1843.2
1813.7
1778.2
1772.8
1855.9
1813.4
Average of 11
1825.3
1792.3
1R42.4
1303.0
1799.0
1 BO 1.2
1827.7
1738.4
1773.3
1737.9
1739.7
T'35.3
I.V6.0
Average of 13
pCi/m3
0.24
0.20
0.22
0.11
0.22
0.22
0.16
0.15
0.21
0.21
0.10
0.12
0.16
0.18
0.10
0.17
0.27
0.21
0.36
0.33
0.18
0.23
0.11
0.11
0.19
0.21
0.15
0.22
0.15
0.21
0.19
0.23
0.26
0.33
0.27
0.17
0.10
0.16
0.17
0.20
54
-------
TABLE 27
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for April 1981
TOWN
Gruver
Melvin
Algona
tn
en
Schl eswig
Wapello..
Olds
RADIATION #'
OR
COUNTY IDENTIFICATION MINERAL V DATE SAMPLED
Emmet Well M, 240' R15908 03-24-80
07-10-80
10-23-80
02-05-81
Osceola Well #2, 40' R15909 04-10-80
08-11-80
12-06-80
03-20-81
Kossuth Well #1, Steve Youngwirth R16001 04-15-80
South Oak Estates, Alqona 08-18-80
50511 " 11-17-80
03-17-81
Crawford R16043 05-28-80
08-22-80
11-25-80
03-18-81
Louisa Well $1 R16069 04-14-80
07-21-80
11-12-80
03-31-81
Henry Well ?\, 250'; #2, 275' R16261 05-05-80
#3, 1905' 08-20-80
11-27-80
03-03-81
nCi/1
ALPHA BETA i26Ra 228Ra
2.1 12 0.3 <0.6
1.7 10
0.7 5
1.2 11
0.5 8
11 38 6.2 -1.5
-------
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for April 1981
RADIATION #
OR
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION MINERAL %
Lowder: Cedar Well £1, 1400' R16272
Red Oak Montgomery R16273
Dana Greene Well #1, 181' R16278
ji
yi
Elkhart Polk Well #2, 265' R16280
Emmetsburg Palo Alto Well =r2, 40' R16322
Maxwell Story Well PI, 180', Jack Schlater R16367
Rolling Hills, Lot 132,
Maxwell, IA
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
04-28-80 17 9 2.9 <0.6
07-30-80
11-05-80
02-09-81
04-28-80 0.3 3
08-21-80
11-18-80
03-20-81
05-20-80 <0.1 6'
08-26-80
12-04-80
03-19-81
04-29-80 1.7 6
08-04-80
11-26-80
03-20-81
05-13-80 0.7 15
08-25-80
12-01-80
03-23-81
05-29-80 0.4 10
09-15-80
12-23-80
03-31-81
-------
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
ICMA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for April 1981
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION
Washington Washington Well *1
RADIATION #
OR
MINERAL H DATE SAMPLED
16027A 04-01-80
08-04-80
10-27-80
01-27-81
pCi/-l
ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
3.7 9 0.4 <0.6
Ottumwa
Wapello
R17928
04-02-81
0.4
-------
TABLE 28
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN COUNTY
Moorland Webster
Oyens Plymouth
Dubuque Dubuque
en
00
Fort Dodge - Webster
Wapello., Louisa
- - - --
Oxford Johnson
MINERALS
OR
IDENTIFICATION RADIATION #
Well #94-61-000, 728' 15055A
Well #1,
Well #1,
Well ffi,
Well 96',
Woodland
R.R. #2, ,
IA 52653
Well #1,
Parkview
R.R. #2,
240' 15605A
255' 16289A
400' R15871
C. E. Calglazier R15877
Mobile Home Park,
Box 232, Wapello,
500', Larry Mil cox R15996
Mobile Home Court,
Oxford, IA 52322
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
05-15-79 3.9 10 1.7 <0.5
12-05-79
04-11-80
12-16-80
10-22-79 0.7 9
02-14-80
12-08-80
03-31-81
06-12-80 0.8 5
09-15-80
12-09-80
03-17-81
03-05-80 2.7 3 1.0 <0.5
07-30-80
11-05-80
02-06-81
03-10-80 1.1 <0.5
08-18-80
12-08-80
03-26-81
- 03-21-80 7.1 19 3.5 <0.5
07-15-80
11-04-80
02-06-81
-------
TABLE .2,8 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN
Sidney
Marshal Itown
Independence
en
10
Ottos en
Boone
Underwood
COUNTY IDENTIFICATION RADIATION #
Fremont Well 80', Lyle Fulk, R15998
Fremont County Care Facility,
R.R. n, Box 152, Sidney,
IA 51652
Marshall Well #1, 85', Timber Valley R15999
Mobile Home Park, R.R. #4,
Marshalltown, IA 50158
Buchanan Ray See, Pine Ridge Mobile R16064
Home Park, R.R. #2,
Independence, IA 50644
Humboldt R16116
Boone R16257
Pottawattamie R16259
DATE SAMPLED
03-25-80
06-24-80
10-22-80
05-13-80
08-31-80
01-03-81
04-08-81
04-07-80
07-28-80
11-17-80
03-23-81
05-28-80
08-27-80
12-29-80
04-21-81
04-25-80
07-28-80
10-27-80
02-03-81
05-01-80
08-13-80
11-24-80
03-17-81
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
2.5 6 0.2 1.4
0.4 5
0.8 5
<0.3 6
8.8 4 0.1 1.5
2.0 4 0.2' 1.2
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN' COUNTY IDENTIFICATION
Alta Suena Vista Well H, 520'
Ridgeway Winneshiek Well #1, 570'
Castana Monona Well #1, 58'
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for Hay 1981
TOWN
Janes vi 1 le
Elliott
Gillett Grove
cr>
Renwick
8'lencoe
Defiance
COUNTY IDENTIFICATION RADIATION #
Bremer Well #1, 56', Don Westmeyer R16316
Riverview Mobile Home Court,
315 Maple Street, Janesville,
IA 50647
Montgomery Well #1, 106' R16320
Clay Well 41, 40' R16323
Humboldt Well £2, 226' R16365
Monona Well #1, 100' R16370
Shelby Well *5, 50' R16371
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 225Ra 22BRa
05-13-80 0.8 5
10-15-80
05-04-81
05-12-80 0.6 4
08-12-80
11-18-80
04-20-81
05-12-80 1.1 7
08-25-80
12-08-80
04-02-81
05-12-80 2.8 4 0.2 1.0
08-18-80
11-17-80
03-03-81
05-19-80 0.4 14
09-17-80
12-22-80
04-13-81
06-16-80 1.1 7
09-30-80
01-14-81
04-15-81
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
TOWN
Alto Vista
Buffalo Center
Macedonia
New iMarV.-'i:
Kirkman
Whittemore
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
COUNTY
Chickasaw
Winnebago
Pottawattamie
Taylor
Shelby
Kossuth
IDENTIFICATION
well ?f 1903000, 150'
Well 500'
Well #1, 54'
Well #3, 180'
pCi/1
RADIATION # DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
R16411 06-10-80 <0.3 <0.6
09-29-80
02-04-81
05-04-81
R16413 06-23-80 0.3 <0.6
10-07-80
01-08-81
05-07-81
R16433 06-16-80 1.8 10
10-20-80
01-19-81
04-13-81
R16434 06-16-80 0.7 <0.4
10-20-80
01-19-81
04-13-81
R16436 06-03-80 6.4 7 0.3 <0.6
09-09-80
12-15-80
03-16-81
R16529 06-11-80 0.6 7
09-15-80
01-05-81
04-21-81
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION
Maxwell Story Well #A1 i 3, 96'
Roland Story Well #South
Grand Mound Clinton Well #1, 253'
cr<
OJ
New Liberty Scott Well «*!, 210'
Thurman ' Fremont Well 100'
Bode Humboldt Well ?2, 259'
pCi/1
RADIATION # DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
R16531 06-16-80 0.4 6
09-23-80
01-19-81
04-28-81
R16580 06-24-80 1.7 13
09-30-80
01-22-81
04-24-81
R16668 07-16-80 0.4 3
10-15-80
01-21-81
04-16-31
R16671 07-15-80 0.8 2
10-29-80
01-27-81
05-13-81
R16672 07-15-80 1.8 6
11-03-80
02-09-81
05-19-81
R16704 07-22-80 <0.3 5
10-21-80
02-02-81
05-04-81
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
Hospers
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION
We&tfield Plymouth Well #1, 41
Ossian Winneshiek Well #1., 987'
Crescent Pottawattamie Well #1, 148'
A
pCi/1
RADIATION # DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
R16705 07-21-80 <0.3 16
10-20-80
01-26-81
04-28-81
R16707 07-28-80 0.7 6
10-28-80
01-27-81
04-20-81
R16723 07-27-80 0.9 48
10-27-80
02-02-81
05-01-81
Sioux
Well rfFl, 2, 3, 20'
Ronald Still, Rural Water
System #1, R.R. #1,
Hospers, IA 51238
R17591
02-02-81
7.3
<0.2
1.3
Luther'
Boone
Well 610'
R17685
02-17-81
2.1
0.5
1.8
-------
-TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
en
in
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
pCi/1 .
TOWN
Gilbert
Defiance
Deep River
Geneva
Wapello
Perry
Parry
Perry
Springvi 1 le
Tipton
Mt. ..Vernon-*
Mt. Vewon
Harlan
Rud'd
Rudd
Harlan
COUNTY
Story
Shelby
Poweshiek
Franklin
Louisa
Dallas
Dallas
Dallas
Linn
Cedar
Linn
Linn
Shelby
Floyd
Floyd
Shelby
IDENTIFICATION
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
#3,
160'
464-2, 50'
#1,
#1
#2,
#19
*18
#11
#1,'
#6,
*3,
«2,
#20
#1,
#2,
#27
55'
77'
, 123'
475'
455'
405'
410'
200'
1223'
MINERAL #
16910
16915
16921
16922
16925
16927
16928
16929
16934
16943
16961
16962
16968
16972
16973
16974
DATE SAMPLED
02-25-81
02-26-81
03-04-81
03-04-81
03-05-81
03-05-81
03-10-81
03-12-81
03-18-81
03-18-81
03-19-81
03-23-81
03-23-81
03-19-81
ALPHA
1
2
0
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
1
.5
.1
.9
.9
.4
.1
.7
.4
.3
.8
.5
.6
.9
.8
.3
.0
BETA
12
12
8
2
2
15
9
7
2
<0.5
5
6
7-
4
13
7
-------
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
pCi/1
TOWN
Hansel 1
Marble Rock
j
West Liberty
Kelley
Gl enwood
Glenwood
Emerson
Emerson
W. Central RWA
-W.- Central RWA
West Union
West Union
Slater
Janesville
COUNTY
Frank] in
Floyd
Johnson
Story
Mills
Mills
Mi 1 Is
Mills
Carroll
Louisa
Carrol 1
Fayette
Fayette
Story
Bremer
IDENTIFICATION
Well #1, 470'
Well *1, 202'
Water Quality Management,
910 23rd Ave. , Coral vi lie
Raw Water
Well #2, 100'
Well #3, 100'
Well #3, 100'
Well #2, 117'
Well i»BR-7, 55'
Wei] *103, 173', Layr.e
Western Co. , Inc. , 705
S. Duff, Ames
Well -#3,-55'-
Well #West, .55'
Well *East, 55'
Well #2
Well #2, 120'
MINERAL it
16979
16991
16995
16996
16997
15998
17005
17006
17026
17029
17033
17038
17039
17040
17041
DATE SAMPLED
03-24-81
03-26-81
03-30-81
03-31-81
03-31-81
03-31-81
04-02-81
04-02-81
04-13-81
04-14-81
04-15-81
04-15-81
04-15-81
04-20-81
ALPHA
1.6
2.1
1.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
1.6
2.0
0.7
0.5
1 ..0
0.9
0.5
0.6
0.8
BETA
17
4
4
12
7
10
3
5
3
<0.
<0.
<0.
4
17
<0.
5
5
5
5
-------
TABLE 29
JNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
TOWN COUNTY
Corning Adams
Rock Rapids Lyon
Westgate Fayette
i
Belnionfl Wricjht
Traer Tanid
toes Story
RADIATION #
OR
IDENTIFICATION MINERAL *
14162A
Well #B-4, 40', Jerry Cook, 15186A
Lyon-Sioux Rural Water Assoc.,
Box 309, Rock Rapids, IA 51246
Well #1, 98' 15224A
Well 31, 520' 15318A
Well -3, 1813' 15411A
Well 180', Bob Crane, 15503A
Hillsdale Mobile Home Park,
R.R. rf4, Ames, IA 50010
DATE SAMPLED
05-27-80
09-10-80
01-13-81
05-20-81
06-12-79
04-01-80
09-29-80
09-09-80
12-08-80
03-10-81
06-08-81
09-10-30
12-05-80
03-11-81
06-09-81
09-08-80
12-04-80
03-09-81
06-08-81
08-14-79
03-04-80
06-02-80
10-15-80
12-11-80
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
O.S 10
3.0 2 0.2 1.8
0.4 Nil
0.2 8
1.0 18
3.9 5 1.3 1.1
What Cheer
Keokuk
Well 1928'
15577A
26
11.3 2.5
12-30-80
-------
TABLE 29 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYG.IENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SOWA SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
RADIATION #
OR
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION MINERAL rf DATE SAMPLED
Hartley ' O'Brien 15661A 11-27-79
03-04-80
06-12-80
10-13-80
Brunsville Plymouth Well #1, 30' 15843A 02-05-80
04-22-80
08-13-80
11-18-80
Wesley Kossuth Well f#2, 302' 15851A 02-11-80
<* 08-12-80
00 11-12-80
Cumberland Cass 15854A 02-12-80
05-13-80
08-11-80
11-17-80
West Des Moines Polk Well *1&2, 2460' 15874A 02-19-80
06-23-80
08-13-80
11-19-80
Ayrshire " Palo Alto Well #2, 519' R16670 07-28-80
12-02-80
03-09-81
06-11-81
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
5.5 21 0.1 <0.6
3.6 13 0.2 <0.6
5.9 3 2.0 0.6
2.6 6 0.3 1.7
6.0 11 1.5 <0.6
1.7 11
-------
TABLE 29 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
TOWN
'over
Oakland Acres
COUNTY
Pocahontris
Jasper
IDENTIFICATION
Well ?!, 45'
'/Jell Pond, Clifford A.
Thompson, City of Oakland
Acres, R.R. #2, Grinnell ,
IA 50112
RADIATION ft
OR
MINERAL #
R16673
R16724
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 226Ra 228Ra
07-30-80 0.7 8
11-11-80
02-17-81
05-27-81
07-29-80 <0.1 2
10-25-80
02-17-81
05-20-81
<£>
-------
TABLE 30
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA QUARTERLY RECHECKS
Data for April 1931
TOWN
Loc,kridge
Ankeny
Danville
Leon
Hardy
West Bend
Hartford
Toledo
Mason. City
La Porte "City
Maurice
Washington
COUNTY
Jefferson
Dallas
Oes Moines
Decatur
Humboldt
Palo Alto
Warren
Tama
Cerro Gordo
Black Hawk
Sioux
Washington
IDENTIFICATION RADIATION #
Well #2, 1100'
Well #1, 510'; #2, 4600'
Tom C. Thorpe, P.O. Box 98,
Fox Creek Acres Water System,
Ankeny,. IA
Well #1, 1180'
Well #4, 2815'
Well 90'
Well #4, 1360'
Well *4, 2120'
Well *8, 2000'
Well jf3, 250'; #4, 1410'
Well *1,»520'
R17556
R17819
R17821
R17822
R17833
R17835
R17836
R17995
R17996
R17997
R17998
R17999
DATE SAMPLED
01-19-81
03-24-81
03-10-81
03-16-81
04-01-81
04-13-81
04-06-81
04-13-81
04-13-81
04-15-81
04-13-81
04-13-81
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 225Ra
23 33 7.6
31 <0.5 1.4
21 39 9.5
6.7 36 6.1
5.6
10 39 5.8
2.4
<0.2
<0.2
2.4
3.1
4.7
228Ra
2.4
<0.6
3.7
5.0
2.3
1.7
0.7
1.3
0.8
2.3
3.4
2.2
-------
TABLE 30 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
QUARTERLY RECHECK SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
TOWN
Remsen
West Bend
West Point
Nevada
Earlham
Bayard
Anamosa
COUNTY
Plymouth
Palo Alto
Lee
Story
Madison
Guthrie
Jones
IDENTIFICATION
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
35'
#4,
#3,
#3,
#3,
#1,
#4,
1360'
1900'
3340'; #4, 2630'
2900'
209'
450'
RADIATION #
R17834
R17835
R18128
R18131
R18132
R18133
R18136
DATE SAMPLED
04-14-81
04-13-81
05-13-81
05-12-81
05-11-81
05-11-81
05-13-81
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 225Ra
0
10 39 5
8
7
7
2
0
.2
.8
.0
.0
.6
.8
.6
228Ra
1
1
1
3
3
2
<0
.0
.7
.1
.8
.2
.2
.6
-------
TABLE 30 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
QUARTERLY RECHECK SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
TOWN
Lockridge
Atkins
Grand Junction
Marcus
Stuart
Salem
St. Paul
State Center
^ Olds
-Grimes
Danvi 1 le
Maquoketa
Murray
New AT bin
Wellman
Hartford
COUNTY
Jefferson
Benton
Greene
Cherokee
Guthrie
Henry
Lee
Marshall
Henry
Polk
Des Moires
Jackson
Clarke
Allamakee
Washington
Warren
IDENTIFICATION
Well *2, 1100'
- Well fl, 456' ; #2, 485'
Well #1, 317'
Well *1, 1301 ; #2, 880'
Well #3, 2800'
Well #4, 1825'
Well *!
Well #5, 2950'
Well #1. 250'; #2, 275';
?3, 1905'
Well #i; 2600'
Well #1, 1840'
Well #1, 570'
Well ^Jordan, 1700'
Weil #4, 2120'
RADIATION #
R18000
R18129
R18130
R18134
R18135
R18137
R18138
R18238
R18239
R18240
R13243
R18244
R18247
R18251
R18253
R18256
DATE SAMPLED
05-12-81
05-27-81
05-18-81
05-07-81
05-20-81
05-11-81
05-20-31
06-08-81
06-08-81
06-10-81
06-04-81
06-12-81
06-10-81
06-08-81
06-09-81
06-10-81
pCi/1
ALPHA BETA 226Ra
53 64 8.9
3.0
1.4
13 28 4.8
13 42 7.9
16 27 4.9
16.1 33 3.4
5.7
5.9
4.0
13.9 32 10.1
0.2
6.0
2.4
9.8
2-5
229Ra
2.2
2.1
2.4
3.2
3.1
1.1
1.2
2.9
1.1
1.8
2.1
0.9
2.1
1.7
1.9
<0.6
-------
TABLE 31
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
STATEWIDE DYNAMIC SURFACE WATER REPORT
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium
Data for 2nd Quarter 1981
Dates Collected
Hiver City
.edar Cedar Rapids
Cedar Rapids
Cedar Rapids
.?oar Vinton
Vinton
Vinton
es Moines Des Moines
-owa Iowa City
Iowa City
Iowa City
'ississiopi Davenport
Davenport
Davenport
'ississippi Dubuque
Dubuque
Dubuque
''ssisr, ippi Lansing
Lansing
Lansing
Composite Samples
4-8, 14, 21, 28-81
5-5, 12, 19, 26-81
6-2, 9, 16, 23, 30-81
4-6, 13, 20, 27-81
5-4, 26-81
6-1, 8, 15, 22, 29-81
5-6-81
4-2-81
5-6-81
6-1-81
4-10, 15, 22, 30-81
5-7, 12, 21, 28-81
6-4, 10, 17, 24-81
4-3, 9, 16, 23, 30-81
5-7, 12, 21, 28-81
6-4, 18, 26-81
4-6, 13, 20, 27-81
5-4, 11, 18-81
6-1, 9, 16, 22, 29-81
i ssouri
,'irvibol'ia
Council Bluffs
Council Bluffs
Council Bluffs
"Sioux City
Sioux City
Sioux City
Hamburg
Hamburg
Hamburg
.Allies
Ames
Ames
4-6, 13, 20, 27-81
5-5, 11, 18, 27-81
6-1, 8, 15, 22, 29-81
4-6, 13, 20, 28-81
5-4, 11, 18, 26-31
6-1, 8, 30-81
4-6-81
5-26-81
6-22-81
4-9, 16, 30-81
5-14, 21-81
6-18, 25-81
Date Counted
07-16-81
07-16-31
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
3H Activity-
nCi/lt
1 . 18
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81 -
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-81
07-16-31
07-16-81
07-16-31
a. is
aas
1 1 Q
^ L i O
aas
a .is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
a. is
73
-------
TABLE 32
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY,. IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEO MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for April 1981
TOWN COUNTY - IDENTIFICATION MINERAL ?
Worth ifiqton Dubuque Well ^1, Winslow Drilling Co 16561
P.O. Box 162, R.R. #1,
Walcott, IA 52773
Iowa City Johnson Well #0-40, 400', IGS-USGS 16581
Box 1230, Iowa City 52244
Iowa City Johnson Well #D-48E, 225', Darwin 16592
Evans, USGS, Box 1230
Iowa City, IA
Cedar Rapids Linn Well #10 West, Thomas C. Noth 16596
751 J Ave., N.E.
2 .Cedar Ranids
Lockridge Jefferson Well #2, 1050' 16634
Danville Des Moines Bailey Pump & Well Drilling 16668
Adel Dallas Thorpe Well Co., P.O. Box 157 16703
nCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA 2?6Ra 228Ra
13 5 2.7 1.8
10-02-80 11 16 3.8 1.7
10-14-80 15 23 5.3 1.6
10-15-80 2.2 Nil <0.2 <0.5
11-05-80 20 13 10.8 2.3
11-14-80 15 6 6.3 6.0
12-01-80 6.0 15 2.3 1.5
Ponca, Neb.
Perry
Oixon
Dallas
Ankeny, IA 50021
Test Well, Buell-Winter 16725
Mousel, 666 Benson Bldg.
Sioux City, IA 51101
Well ?1, Howard R. Green Co. 16744
Consulting Eng., P.O. Box
9009, Cedar Rapids, IA 52409
12-18-80
12-17-80
3.2
2.0
10
1.0
1.6 <0.6
-------
TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for April 1981
TOWN
COUNTY
Nora Springs
Conroy
New Sharon
Floyd
Iowa
Mahaska
IFICATION
200' , Calvin Diegel
MINERAL ?
16778
DATE SAMPLED
01-19-81
ALPHA
3.9
pCi/1
BETA "f-Ra
3 0.3
228Ra
<0.6
27 N. Iowa, Nora Sprinns
50458
Well #2, 650', Layne Western 16783
Co. , 705 S. Duff St., Ames,
50010
Well #1, j60', Junior Fisher, 16823
New Sharon, IA
01-20-81
01-26-81
7 2.6 1.4
3.7 c 0.4 0.4 <0.5
-------
TABLE 33
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for May 1981
pCi/1
TOWN
Shelby Co. Rural
Water
Arl ington
Arl ington
Vail
COUNTY
Shelby
Fayette
Fayette
Crawford
IDENTIFICATION
Wei
Wei
Wei
Wei
1
1
1
1
#A1
#3,
#4,
#1,
1 wells, 28'
1312'
1360'
32'
MINERAL #
17050 '
17054
17055
17058
DATE SAMPLED
04-21-81
04-22-81
04-22-81
04-23-81
ALPHA
0.
1.
1.
0.
3
6
7
4
BETA
<0.5
<0.6
16
<0.5
CTl
-------
TABLE 34
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
Page 1
TOWN
Arcadia
Adair
Dubuque
Perry
Harlan
Harlan
Burt
Fairfax
Col fax
--4
Postvi 1 le
Waukon
Waukon
111. -la. Gas &
Elec.
Manly
Manly
COUNTY
Carroll
Adair
Dubuque
Dallas
Shelby
Shelby
Kossuth
Linn
Jasper
Allamakee
Al lamakee
Al lamakee
Louisa
Worth
Worth
IDENTIFICATION
Well #68-1, 2700'
Well #7, 1500'
Well #12, 122'
Well #19
Well #16
Well #3, 600'
Well *1, 410'
Duane Skidmore, 11 N.
Walnut, Col fax, IA 50054
Well 41, 993'
Well #2, 680'
Well #3, 890' '
Well #104, 175',.Layne
Western Co. , 705 S. Duff
Ames, IA
Well ffl, 149'
Well #2, 435'
MINERAL #
15898
16198
16880
16926
16969
16970
16971
16999
17004
17061
17076
17077
17082
17035
17086
DATE SAMPLED
02-26-80
' 05-13-80
02-09-81
03-05-81
03-18-81
03-30-81
04-27-81
04-29-31
04-29-81
05-01-81
05-04-81
05-04-81
ALPHA
90Sr =
30Sr =
3.7
3.0
8.3
7.4
3.1
3.2
11
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.8
pCi/1
BETA 226Ra 228Ra
<0.5
<0.5
7 2.9
22 2.5
16 0.7
26 0.4
17 2.5
9 2.1
18 2.8 <0.6
4
4
3
<0.5
11 V
<0.5
'3
-------
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEO MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
TOWN
Manly
Dysar t
Calmar
Calmar
Iowa City
111. -la. Gas &
Einc.
03
Chelsea
Grimes
Michel 1 vi 1 le
Waucoma
Pella
Monona
Monona
Monona
Martell e
COUNTY
Worth
Tama
Winnishiek
Winneshiek
Johnson
Louisa
Tama
Polk
Polk
Fayette
Marion
Clayton
Clayton
Clayton
Jones
IDENTIFICATION
Well ,*3, 320'
Well *2
Well #2, 700'
Well #3, 700'
Well #WC-5, 315', IGS &
USGS, Iowa City, IA 52240
Well #1,02, 164', Kilcayne
Louisa Gen Station,
Muscatine, IA
Well #1, 36'
Well rf2
Well *2
Well i»l, 670'
Well ?Ranney, 41'
Well #1, 840'
Well #2, 840'
Well #3, 850'
Well #1, 121'
MINERAL #
17087
17097
17098
17099
17100
17104
17105
17108
17114
17122
17127
17128
17129
17130
17132
DATE SAMPLED
05-04-81
05-06-81
05-06-81
05-06-81
05-05-81
05-08-81
05-11-81
05-12-81
05-15-81
05-18-81
05-21-81
05-21-81
05-21-81
05-26-81
ALPHA
0.5
2.4
0.3
0.4
1.8
0.1
1.4
1.0
0.8
1.8
1.3
1.4
1.9
2.1
<0.1
pCi/1
BETA 226Ra 228Ra
3
19
7
2
11
4
Nil
Nil
1
16
8
7
2 ,v
1
' 4* *
-------
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEO MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for June 1981
TOWN
Marten e
Marsha i 1 towii
111. -la. Gas &
Elec.
Jowa City
UD
Searsboro
Harvey
LeGrand
COUNTY
Jones
Marshall -
Louisa
Johnson
Poweshiek
Marion
Marshall
IDENTIFICATION
Well *2, 249'
Well 70-163
Well #101, 155' , Layne
Western, 705 S. Duff,
Ames , IA
Well #WC-7, 561 , IGS &
USGS, Darwin Evans
Well #1, 150'
Well rfl, 88'
Well ?2, 95'
MINERAL a
17133
17137
17138
17139
17140
17143
17153
DATE SAMPLED
05-26-81
05-28-81
05-27-81
05-29-81
06-01-81
06-02-81
06-03-81
ALPHA
0.5
1.6
Nil '
2.6
1.9
0.6
<0.1
pCi/1
BETA 226Ra ?28Ra
3
4
Nil
25
7
4
3
-------
TABLE 35
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
CONCENTRATIONS OF 90Sr IN IOWA MILK SAMPLES
Data for 2nd Quarter, 1981
TOWN
DATE OF SAMPLE
RADIATION NO.
90Sr, pCi/1
Iowa City
LeMars
Iowa City
Iowa City
Iowa City
LeMars
LeMars
04-14-81
04-24-81
05-26-81
06-09-81
06-23-81
06-01-81
06-26-81
R18056
R18112
R18227
R18278
R18337
R18263
R18347
3.8
2.1
2.8
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.4
80
------- |