United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Radiation Programs
Washington DC 20460
EPA 520/5-82-^.5
October 1981
Radiation
&EPA
Environmental Radiation Data
Report 25-26
(January - June 1981)
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 25 - 26
October 1981
Office of Radiation Program
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
-------
Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled 'and distributed
quarterly by the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF), Montgomery, Alabama. Data from the
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System' (ERAMS), and
similar networks operated by contributing States^ Canada, Mexico, and
the Pan American Health Organization are reported in (ERD).
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP). The ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide air, surface,
and drinking water and milk samples from which environmental
radiation levels are derived. The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in
the environment.
Sampling locations are selected to provide the best possible
combination of radiation source monitoring (such as surface water
downstream from a nuclear power reactor) and wide population
coverage.
The radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross
alpha and gross beta levels, as well as specific analyses for uranium
fuel cycle related radionuclides. The latter category includes but
is not limited to uranium, plutonium, iodine, and krypton, which are
released into the environment from stationary sources such as nuclear
power reactors, fuel fabrication and reprocessing plants.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
DATA
CONTENTS
Page
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures ill
- Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum v
Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
SECTION I. Air Program 1
1. Airborne Particulates 1
and Precipitation
2. Plutonium and Uranium in 17
Airborne Particulates
3. Krypton-85 20
SECTION II. Water Program 21
1. Surface Water 21
2. Drinking Water 28
3. Radon in Drinking Water 42
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program 54
-------
SECTION IV-i' Milk Program 58
1. Pasteurized Milk 58
2. Tritium in Milk 58
3. Plutonium and Uranium in Milk 73
4. Iodine-129 in Milk 73
5. Carbon-14 in Milk 73
SECTION V. Human Bone Program 74
SECTION VI. Pan American Health Organization 75
(PAHO) Air and Milk Program
DATA - STATE AGENCIES 76
1. California Sampling Program 76
~ Air 76
- Milk 82
2. Indiana Pasteurized Milk Program 84
3. Iowa Water Analysis 87
-------
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
The intent of EPA's Office of Radiation Programs in establishing
the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System was to provide
continuous, accurate and usable environmental radiation data for the
public. Therefore, new data reporting procedures were developed to
allow better interpretation of the data. The most significant change
in this reporting procedure is that all specific radionuclide
analyses will be reported as the counting results indicate, whether
the number is negative, zero, or positive.
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of a radionuclide in environmental
media are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero, the net counting results should statistically show a
distribution of negative and positive numbers about zero. This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from a sample which
has only background activity. Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a specified
reporting level or minimum detectable level. The present reporting
procedure allows all the data to be reported and evaluated
statistically without an arbitrary cutoff of small or negative
numbers. This approach will facilitate estimates of bias in the
nuclide analyses and will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be
exercised in the interpretation of individual negative values.
Obviously, a negative activity value does not have physical
significance. Such numbers, however, are significant when taken
together with other observations which indicate that the true value
of a distribution is near zero. When an average of several
measurements produces a result less than zero, this indicates a
negative bias in the measurement procedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
is negative, zero, or positive. Numerical values given are as
of sample collection date.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity
measurements will be reported, unless the value is below the
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.
iii
-------
MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the background. A
tabulation of MDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported value for specific analyses will be
accompanied by a counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval. Potassium concentrations are determined by
specific activity analyses. Error terms are therefore reported
as counting errors. At the very low levels characteristic of
most ERAMS measurements, counting error is the greatest
contributor to overall error.
(3) Significant Figures
All reported values will be rounded to no more than three
significant figures. The last significant figure will be
increased by one if the figure following is five or greater,
otherwise it is left unchanged.
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in table 1.
Smallest increments are sometimes considerably smaller than
minimum detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors in
averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages will be calculated along with appropriate error
terms in an annual summary and analysis of ERAMS data. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data
including negative numbers will be utilized. Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
IV
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TABLE 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross, alpha
Gross beta
Tritium
Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium^238,
239
Uranium-234 ,
235,238
Radium-226
Strontium-90
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
Milk
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1 '
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(i
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi(b>
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 PCi(b>
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
-------
Radionuclide
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Iodine-129
Iodine-127
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium
Potassium-40
Media
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
Milk
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
8/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
8/1
8/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis).
.1 fCi/1
10 g/1 ,
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 g/1
.1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Leve Is
5 pCi/lCO
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 g/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l
10 pCi/l(c)
.12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a) The value in terms of nCi/m would be dependent on precipitation (mm),
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m^ would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
-------
DATA - EPA
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I. Air Program
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific
analyses are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at 67 field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States, Virgin Islands, and the Panama
Canal.
Filters (10-cm charcoal impregnated cellulose) from air samplers
are changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a G-M
survey meter at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow for
radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending
on the activity levels found.
The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive analyses in a
low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all
filters showing laboratory gross beta counts greater than 1
pCi/m . The lower gross beta values reported for laboratory
measurements are largely due to the decay of radionuclides which
occurred between the times of the field estimates and laboratory
measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at the 22 field stations
where air filters are collected. These samples are also sent to EERF
where they are composited monthly for tritium, gross beta activity
measurements and gamma scans.
These locations also correspond to airborne particulate and
drinking water sampling locations selected for plutonium analyses.
Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234, -235, and -238 analyses are
performed annually on precipitation samples collected during March -
May.
-------
Beginning with this report the results for the analyses of the
airborne particulate and precipitation samples will be found in
separate tables.
Tables 8-13 present the monthly gross beta concentration and
any specific gamma concentrations for precipitation samples from
January - June 1981. A compilation of individual measurements is
available from the EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL 36193.
The January - June 1981 for tritium in precipitation samples at
the selected stations are shown in Tables 14-15.
-------
TABLE 2
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
LOCATION // SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
AL
CA
CA
CT
FL
FL
ID
ID
IL
IN
MI
ND
NJ
NY
NY
OH
OH
OR
PA
SC
VA
WV
: MONTGOMERY
: BERKELEY
:LOS ANGELES
: HARTFORD
: JACKSONVILLE
: MI AMI
: BOISE
: IDAHO FALLS
: CHICAGO
: INDIANAPOLIS
:LANSING
: BISMARCK
: TRENTON
:NEW YORK CITY
: NIAGARA FALLS
: COLUMBUS
rPAINESVILLE
: PORTLAND
: HARRIS BURG
: COLUMBIA
: VIRGINIA BEACH
: CHARLESTON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE
9
9
12
9
8
9
8
9
9
8
8
7
9
5
9
8
9
7
13
9
A
8
1.7
0.6
A. 2
0.3
0.7
O.A
1.0
NM
1.1
O.A
0.2
2.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.6
1.5
0.3
1.7
0
0
0
0
<0
0
<0
.3
.1
.6
.1
.1
.2
.1
NM
0
0
<0
0
<0
0
<0
<0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.A
.1
.2
0.9
0.3
2.0
0.1
O.A
0.2
O.A
NM
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(pCi/m3)
.16
.22
.26
.07
.19
.26
.18
.2A
.11
.11
.11
.15
.15
.08
.10
.16
.11
.13
.1A
.21
.09
.15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES -
.05
.05
.06
.03
.05
.05
.09
.12
.OA
.OA
.OA
.06
.OA
.OA
.OA
.05
.OA
.03
.03
.OA
.05
.05
.1
0.09
0.1A
0.16
0.05
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.16
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.06
0.07
0.10
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.12
0.07
0.09
pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m-
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
FEBRUARY 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT .-HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
KY:FRANKFORT
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS .-JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR .'PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
8
8
8
1
9
2
8
8
8
8
8
5
4
8
7
1
8
8
8
2
6
8
8
7
7
12
8
11
8
8
2
8
6
8
7
8
8
9
1.9
0.2
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
1.1
NM
0.8
0.3
2.6
0.2
0.5
0.2
1.1
0.6
0.9
0.6
0.1
0.9
6.3
1.3
0.3
1.8
2.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.7
3.9
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.7
0.9
0.7
1.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
.2
.1
.5
.1
.1
.2
.1
.2
NM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
<0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.3
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.1
.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.5
.1
.9
.2
.1
.3
.2
.4
NM
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
. 0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.4
.2
.4
.2
.2
.1
.5
.4
.4
.3
.1
.4
.5
.3
.2
.9
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.3
.8
.1
.2
.2
.1
.3
.4
.4
.4
.1
.3
.2
.4
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
(pCi/m3) .
16
18
27
12
12
21
19
28
22
11
05
23
09
12
10
12
14
14
15
16
09
13
19
19
30
10
08
08
13
10
14
11
44
10
13
10
15
11
21
16
18
15
19
12
13
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
09
06
10
05
04
12
05
07
07
03
03.
02
08
04
04
04
02
09
10
10
05
03
05
05
12
04
05
04
06
05
04
04
09
03
04
03
05
03
11
09
06
05
05
03
06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.11
.19
.07
.08
.15
.13
.15
.16
.07
.05
.08
.09
.08
.07
.07
.09
.11
.12
.12
.07
.07
.05
.11
.20
.30
.06
.06
.09
.08
.07
.07
.20
.06
.08
.06
.08
.07
.16
.12
.10
.10
.10
.07
.09
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/mJ,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/nf
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 4
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
MARCH 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
5-HR FIELD EETTF LAB
ESTIMATE MEASUREMENT
LOCATION # SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3) (pCi/m3)
ALrMONTGOMERY 9 1.6 0.2 0.8 0.25 0.11 0.20
CA:BERKELEY 9 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.23 0.07 0.12
CA:LOS ANGELES 9 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.23 0.12 0.15
CT:HARTFORD 9 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.06 0.10
DE:WILMINGTON 9 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.23 0.03 0.10
FL:JACKSONVILLE 7 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.29 0.17 0.24
FLrMIAMI 9 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.28 0.16 0.24
ID:BOISE 9 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.33 0.10 0.19
ID:IDAHO FALLS 9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.32 0.13 0.23
ILrCHICAGO 9 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.22 0.06 0.11
KS:TOPEKA 9 3.8 0.4 1.7 0.14 0.04 0.10
ME:AUGUSTA 9 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.19 0.05 0.10
MIrLANSING 9 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.20 0.06 0.10
MN:MINNEAPOLIS 8 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.17 0.06 0.12
MOrJEFFERSON CITY 9 1.5 0.5 0.9 0.29 0.09 0.16
MS:JACKSON 7 1.2 0.2 0.7 0.35 0.12 0.22
MT:HELENA 8 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.25 0.05 0.18
NCrCHARLOTTE 4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.23 0.16 0.19
ND:BISMARCK 9 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.17 0.08 0.12
NH:CONCORD 9 4.1 0.7 1.5 0.22 0.06 0.10
NJrTRENTON 9 1.6 0.2 0.8 0.30 0.09 0.19
NMrSANTA FE 7 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.38 0.17 0.25
NV:LAS VEGAS 9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.49 0.06 0.22
NY:ALBANY 9 3.1 0.1 0.5 0.23 0.05 0.11
NY:NEW YORK CITY 2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.10 0.12
NYrNIAGARA FALLS 9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.23 0.08 0.12
NY:YAPHANK 9 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.18 0.06 0.11
OH:COLUMBUS 9 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.18 0.08 0.13
OHrPAINESVILLE 8 0.8 0.2 Q.4 0.24 0.07 0.12
OH:TOLEDO 9 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.21 0.06 0.11
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY 15 2.5 0.5 1.5 0.35 0.01 0.21
ORrPORTLAND 9 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.17 0.05 0.10
PA:HARRISBURG 13 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.23 0.06 0.12
PA:PITTSBURGH 9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.05 0.09
RlrPROVIDENCE 9 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.21 0.06 0.11
SCrBARNWELL 2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.10 0.06 0.08
SC.-COLUMBIA 9 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.29 0.13 0.24
TN:KNOXVILLE 5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.16 0.12 0.14
VArLYNCHBURG 9 1.4 0.3 0.6 0.24 0.09 0.16
WA:SEATTLE 9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.15 0.05 0.10
WA:SPOKANE 9 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.28 0.08 0.16
WI:MADISON 9 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.18 0.03 0.09
WV:CHARLESTON 9 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.20 0.08 0.13
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/ni
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 5
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
APRIL 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN: INDIANAPOLIS
KSrTOPEKA
.ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT: HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
S-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
SAM
MAX
MIN
AVG
EERF
LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX
(pCi/m3)
9
8
8
9
6
6
8
9
9
8
2
9
9
9
9
8
8
7
8
7
9
7
8
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
9
16
8
13
9
8
2
8
4
9
7
9
9
9
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
.6
.1
.2
.4
.2
.8
.3
.1
NM
1
0
5
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
.4
.3
.4
.4
.4
.4
.7
.6
.6
.1
.4
.6
.8
.9
NM
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.3
.4
.5
.2
.5
.6
.0
.7
.2
.6
.4
.6
.3
.9
.6
.9
.4
.6
.8
.9
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4
1
3
2
1
2
2
2
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
3
3
3
2
2
2
4
4
3
1
3
0
5
2
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
1
1
3
1
6
1
3
3
2
2
4
3
3
1
2
3
3
0.9
0.1
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.5
NM
0.8
0.3
1.8
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.8
1.7
0.6
0.6
NM
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
2.0
0.1
0.8
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.37
.22
.44
.23
.19
.41
.25
.30
.40
.23
.16
.25
.24
.24
.24
.29
.31
.24
.30
.24
.23
.40
.31
.41
.28
.26
.31
.24
.40
.32
.26
.55
.16
.34
.23
.27
.12
.48
.24
.34
.18
.25
.24
.36
MIN
AVG
(pCi/m3)
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
15
06
11
08
04
12
09
07
11
10
14
02
09
12
03
16
15
06
16
11
07
10
17
19
07
05
14
11
13
13
14
04
06
13
10
08
11
21
16
19
04
05
11
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.22
.13
.22
.17
.12
.26
.18
.19
.22
.17
.15
.12
,17
.18
.17
.21
.22
.18
.21
.15
.16
.18
.22
.28
.18
.18
.21
.19
.25
.21
.19
.27
.10
.22
.17
.17
.12
.30
.20
.24
.09
.13
.17
.23
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/in ,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m"
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 6
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
MAY 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
S-HR
FIELD
ESTIMATE
SAM
MAX
MIN
AVG
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX
(pCi/m3)
8
9
9
8
7
9
8
8
9
3
7
8
8
9
9
7
9
4
9
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
7
8
8
14
9
12
8
9
2
9
7
8
8
8
8
8
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.1
.8
.5
.6
.4
.9
NM
1
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
5
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
.1
.5
.7
.7
.6
.3
.0
.9
.8
.1
.4
.1
.2
.5
.5
.7
.4
.5
.3
.2
.6
.2
.7
.8
.2
.7
.8
.3
.3
.0
.8
.1
.7
.0
.7
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4
1
3
2
2
1
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
1
3
7
3
6
5
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
2
2
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
2
0.7
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.5
NM
0.6
0.4
1.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.1
0.9
1.8
0.6
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0;7
1.4
0.2
0.7
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.23
.13
.22
.24
.33
.33
.26
.27
.23
.27
.15
.24
.23
.28
.23
.22
.30
.26
.27
.21
.20
.28
.39
.27
.28
.27
.25
.43
.26
.23
.33
.39
.27
.22
.27
.05
.29
.40
.27
.12
.27
.22
.25
MIN
AVG
(pCi/m3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.10
.04
.07
.12
.11
.13
.08
.07
.08
.10
.04
.09
.05
.07
.13
.12
.05
.15
.06
.12
.09
.14
.06
.13
.16
.14
.13
.12
.15
.14
.07
.07
.14
.14
.11
.04
.10
.05
.14
.04
.08
.11
.13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.16
.09
.16
.19
.20
.22
.17
.16
.17
.18
.10
.16
.16
.19
.19
.17
.14
.20
.16
.18
.14
.20
.26
.21
.21
.21
.20
.27
.20
.19
.18
.13
.20
.18
.19
.05
.19
.19
.19
.08
.16
.17
.19
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OHrPAINESVILLE
OH .-TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m ~
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/in
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 7
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JUNE 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN: MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
9
9
9
9
9
8
9
9
8
7
8
9
9
9
9
:9
9
9
3
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
13
9
12
9
9
2
9
8
9
8
9
5
9
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.6
.1
.7
.4
.3
.2
.7
NM
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
.9
.6
.2
.4
.6
.0
.4
.6
.5
.4
.1
.8
.8
.9
.5
.3
.4
.3
.0
.5
.9
.6
.1
.9
.4
.6
.2
.9
.1
.0
.1
.5
.5.
.7
0.2
<0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
NM
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
1.1
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2-
<0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
<0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
8
1
5
3
1
1
5
NM
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
5
4
7
3
3
5
3
3
0.4
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
6
7
5
6
7
7
2
2
1
4
3
5
0
1
5
3
3
1
5
4
4
1
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(pCi/m3)
.15
.11
.19
.15
.13
.08
.22
.24
.15
.18
.11
.17
.16
.20
.20
.14
.19
.21
.15
.15
.21
.21
.16
.16
.15
.15
.18
.14
.16
.35
.11
.17
.12
.23
.03
.14
.14
.15
.10
.24
.15
.12
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
o.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
03
03
05
06
04
03
08
11
07
08
01
07
06
07
06
04
07
08
11
07
09
05
05
08
07
07
09
06
06
02
03
07
07
07
0.01
0.
0.
0.
0.
05
04
06
01
0.05
0.09
0.
05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.07
.07
.10
.10
.07
.05
.13
.16
.10
.11
.05
.11
.11
.13
.11
.08
.12
.12
.13
.10
.15
.12
.11
.12
.11
.10
.13
.10
.11
.10
.06
.10
.10
.13
.02
.09
.08
.09
.06
.10
.11
.08
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m"
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 8
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JANUARY 1981
LOCATION
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
MI:LANSING
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
lEPTH
(nun)
25.4
3.5
13.3
18.7
21.5
10.8
7.5
2.6
9.5
2.4
22.1
15.0
21.9
15.0
6.2
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.21
0.03
0.16
0.14
0.58
0.11
0.08
0.04
0.28
0.06
0.52
0.37
0.48
0.57
0.28
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.01
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB
106RU
ZR-NB
ZR-NB
16 + 90 %
16 + 84%
28 + 39%
72 + 60%
55 + 21%
49 + 46%
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
-------
TABLE 9
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
FEBRUARY 1981
LOCATION
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:COLUMBIA
DEPTH ACT. + e
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(mm) (nCi/m2) (pCi/1)
1.5
54.5
52.8
79.0
42.9
22.5
19.8
31.3
5.0
7.2
13.9
53.0
10.0
56.7
36.3
89.7
155.8
63.4
68.7
0.01
1.36
0.58
1.42
0.73
0.41
0.24
0.50
0.20
0.26
0.75
1.01
0.20
0.45
0.54
2.60
2.65
0.63
0.76
0.00
0.08
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.07
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.16
0.19
0.06
0.07
ND
ZR-NB 36
106RU 43
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 18
7TJ^MH ^^
**6RU 59
ZR-NB 49
106RU 48
ZR-NB 30
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 25
106RU 44
106RU 58
ND
ND
+ 30%
+ 91%
+ 79%
+ 35%
+ 67%
+ 23%
+ 82%
+ 51%
+ 43%
+ 89%
+ 68%
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
10
-------
TABLE 10
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
MARCH 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
COrDENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH.-PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
41.3
21.3
10.0
14.0
1.8
85.8
43.3
70.0
32.8
24.6
35.7
30.5
6.8
17.8
40.6
76.1
20.6
65.0
53.8
11.4
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.25
0.11
0.06
0.38
0.06
1.03
0.69
1.05
0.56
0.25
0.46
0.24
0.11
0.43
1.10
0.76
0.29
1.24
1.08
0.30
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.08
0.06
0.08
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.07
0.08
0.02
0.09
0.06
0.02
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 23 + 54%
7BE 67 + 86%
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
11
-------
TABLE 11
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
APRIL 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY .-NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
SC:BARNWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
)EPTH
(mm)
43.0
7.5
21.0
34.8
45.3
18.7
56.0
72.1
21.1
15.7
55.3
51.1
76.3
62.5
85.7
86.0
43.9
17.5
50.0
37.0
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.43
0.20
0.39
0.72
0.53
0.25
0.68
0.59
0.65
1.34
0.44
0.54
0.59
0.51
2.04
0.77
0.45
0.14
1.41
0.48
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.06
0.07
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.06
0.12
0.08
0.04
0.02
0.08
0.04
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 17+60%
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 52 + 29%
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB 20+65%
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
-------
TABLE 12
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
MAY 1981
LOCATION
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT: HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OHrPAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PArHARRISBURG
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH ACT. + e
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(mm) (nCi/m2) (pCi/I)
21.5
21.0
12.6
129.9
16.5
85.5
89.9
81.4
80.7
22.3
59.3
45.8
73.0
127.0
84.3
59.7
37.0
36.3
75.0
55.0
0.29
0.61
0.13
0.68
0.15
0.82
0.52
0.43
0.96
0.21
1.39
0.68
0.35
0.63
2.77
0.60
0.43
0.42
4.90
0.78
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.10
0.02
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.02
0.09
0.05
0.05
0.09
0.14
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.19
0.06
ND
ZR-NB
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-NB
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ZR-ND
ND
19 +
23 +
49 ±
60Z
51Z
31*
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
13
-------
TABLE 13
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JUNE 1981
LOCATION
ALrMONTGOMERY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:KLAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
HI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OHrPAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
SCrBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
11.4
24.0
29.2
100.9
160.0
28.4
84.9
70.3
23.9
74;5
64.8
39.0
93.4
105.8
110.3
92.8
83.1
79,.3
125.0
66.3
solo
86.5
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.07
0.39
0.75
0.43
0.36
0.49
0.46
0.33
0.56
0.66
0.77
0.12
0.49
0.32
0.97
1.03
0.38
0.41
1.50
0.18
1.28
0.32
0.01
0.03
0.04
6.07
0.09
6.03
0.07
0.05
0.03
p. 07
0.07
0.03
0.07
0.07
0.10
P.09,
0.06
0.06
6.14
0.04
0.08
0.06
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
14
-------
TABLE 14
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1981
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH
LOCATION nCl/1 + e nCi/1 + e nCl/1 + e
AL-.MONTGOMERY NS NS 0.1 0.2
CA:BERKELEY 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
CArLOS ANGELES NS NS 0.2 0.2
CO:DENVER NS NS 0.4 0.2
CTtHARTFORD 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2
FL:JACKSONVILLE 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2
FL:MIAMI 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2
ID:BOISE 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
ID:IDAHO FALLS 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2
IL:CHICAGO NS 0.3 0.2 NS
MI:LANSING 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2
MS:JACKSON NS 0.2 0.2 NS
MT:HELENA NS 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
ND:BISMARCK 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 NS
NJrTRENTON 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2
NV:LAS VEGAS NS 0.2 0.2 NS
NY:NEW YORK CITY 0.3 0.2 NS 0.5 0.2
NYrNIAGARA FALLS NS 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.2
OH:COLUMBUS NS 0.2 0.2 NS
OH:PAINESVILLE 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
OR:PORTLAND 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
PA:HARRISBURG 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2
SC:BARNWELL NS NS 1.2 0.2
SC:COLUMBIA 1.9 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.3
VA.-VIRGINIA BEACH 0.1 0.2 NS NS
WV:CHARLESTON NS NS 0.3 0.2
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
15
-------
TABLE IS
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
APRIL - JUNE 1981
LOCATION
At:MONTGOMERY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORb
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRfiNTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
pH:PAiNESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PAiHARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
SCtBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
WV:CHARLESTON
APRIL
nCi/1 t e
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.3 0:2
o.b 0:6
NS
6.3 0:2
b.i 6.2
0.2 0:2
0.2 0.2
0:3 0.2
0.3 6:2
, \ -
0.3 0:2
0:3 0.2*
6:4 0:2
\ M "»
0.2 0:2
0.3 b;2
0.2 0:2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.6 0.2
0:2 6.2
0.2 0:2
0:4 0:2
MAY
nCl/i ± e
NS
NS.
0.5 6:2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
* >
0.1 0:2
6.4 0.2
0.4 0:2
0.4 6:2
6:4 0.2
0.5 6:2
6.4 6.2
i j
o:3 0:2
0.3 6.2
9.4 2 SIGMA COUNtING ERROR
16
-------
Plutonium and Uranium In Airborne Particulates
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are
determined by the analyses of quarterly composite samples (air
filters) collected from the continuously operating airborne
particulate samplers. The number of continuously operating stations
is being increased from the original 22 will eventually number 67
when all equipment is operational.
Analyses of the composited filters consist of ashing, separating
by liquid ion exchange, and coprecipitatlon of the plutonium or
uranium.
Concentration of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238, -239,
and uranium-234, -235, and -238 are determined by alpha spectroscopy.
The volume of air analyzed normally ranges from 25,000 to 40,000 m3
for each quarterly composite.
Plutonium and uranium in airborne particulates data for October
1980 - March 1981 are shown for the 44 stations operating during this
period in Tables 16-17. The Pu/U ratio will no longer be reported.
17
-------
TABLE 16
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1980 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239
Pu
234
U
235
U
238
U
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:DOV£R
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN: INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
KY:FRANKFORT
MA:LAWRENCE
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CIT
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NH: CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
aC
1
15
1
6
9
1
0
0
0
5
3
1
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
r i
6
5
0
2
0
2
4
1
1
0
0
1
2
1
8
4
1
0
1
3
0
0
0
i 2
l/n
.3
.0
.7
.8
.4
.1
.7
.7
.7
.4
.0
.3
.0
.0
.6
.5
.4
.8
.8
.8
.8
.7
.7
.5
.6
.0
.6
.6
.5
.2
.6
.5
.3
.9
.7
.5
.1
.9
.4
.2
.3
.9
.2
.6
0.4
6
0
1
.8
.8
.2
0.6
5.8
1.0
3.7
3
.5
0.6
0
1
0
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
4
1
1
0
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
2
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
.5
.0
.5
.5
.3
.8
.0
.0
.8
.0
f3
.5
.1
.8
.8
.2
.1
.5
.4
.1
.9
.2
.8
.3
.4
.7
.1
.9
.1
.3
.6
.9
.7
.4
.0
.6
.7
.1
.2
.8
.5
.6
aCi/m3+ e
3.5 1.0
6.8 3.5
3.3 1.4
7.3 3.9
4
2
2
3
3
2
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
7
3
2
2
1
4
6
6
2
2
2
3
2
6
7
11
2
1
1
3
2
6
4
3
0
2
3
2
.6
.1
.6
,2
.5
.5
.7
.7
^6
.2
.9
.8
.2
.9
.9
.9
.8
.8
.9
.6
.7
.8
.0
.0
.4
.1
.4
.4
.8
.1
.9
.0
.7
.3
.8
.6
.0
.4
.7
.2
.2
.4
.0
.6
2
0
. i
' 1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
2
3
1
1
0
1
2
2
1
1
0
1
1
1
4
3
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
.3
.8
.0
.2
.1
.8
.4
.2
.9
.7
.0
.0
.8
.9
.2
.0
.0
.1
.3
.3
.7
.8
.0
3
.1
.0
.9
.1
.2
.5
.1
,9
.9
.2
.9
.5
.1
.7
.6
.3
.1
.5
.0
.0
aCi/m3t e
17.4 2.6
173.4 23.6
16.4 2.7
47.2 6.8
48.5 6.9
22
22
37
22
36
42
44
43
21
29
39
26
26
33
30
45
20
23
36
29
66
25
173
29
72
15
69
41
35
.7
.3
P
.4
.3
.2.
.8
.0
.6
.2
.0
.7
.1
.5
.7
.0
.2
.2
.3
.5
.0
.9
,4
.2
.1
.1
.3
.5
.2
40-.1
26
31
87
15
18
49
37
85
34
15
28
21
53
.4
.8
8
.3
.9
.5
.6
.3
.5
.8
.6
.7
.5
3
4
4
3
4
5
6
5
3
4
8
5
3
4
3
5
5
3
5
5
11
3
20
5
12
2
8
4
4
6
3
7
12
4
3
5
4
11
7
2
3
3
6
.4
.4
.7
.0
.5
.0
.4
.6
,3
.0
.2
.4
.3
,1
.7
.6
.4
.5
.9
.3
.9
.8
.7
.4
.2
.7
.6
.8
.3
.4
.6
.1
,8
.1
.5
.9
.6
.4
.2
.6
.9
.1
.0
aCi/m3+ e
4.3 1.1
6.2 3.4
2.9 1.0
6.6 2.1
3.5 1.4
3
2
2
2
3
3
8
5
3
1
1
i
i
9
3
6
1
2
5
2
3
1
8
3
3
0
9
5
5
5
1
2
6
0
2
2
7
4
3
1
2
6
2
.4
.1
6
.3
.8
.8
.7
.9
,7
.7
.1
.3
.7
.6
.8
.7
.7
.1
.0
.0
.7
.9
.7
.1
.2
.7
.6
.4
.5
.1
.8
.5
.8
.2
.1
.9
.3
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
.8
1
1
0
0
1
1
2
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
1
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
0
1
1
2
0
0
1
1
.1
.1
.9
.8
.1
.1
.2
.6
.2
.8
.1
.0
.7
.8
.0
.7
.6
.9
.0
.1
.2
.8
.0
.4
.0
.5
.3
.2
.3
.1
.7
.5
.7
.5
.2
.9
.6
.6
.0
.8
.8
.4
.0
aCi/m3+ e
15.8 2.5
129.4 18.9
14.3 2.5
44.2 6.5
49.1 7.0
23
18
30
17
21
42
30
42
19
22
29
20
21
25
29
37
19
21
38
22
41
25
101
26
68
13
46
28
31
39
24
22
44
15
16
44
22
16
36
11
27
16
46
.6
,5
.7
.7
.9
.0
.9
.1
.6
.0
.1
.4
.4
.9
.7
.9
.7
.0
.7
.6
.7
.9
.2
.7
.6
.5
.9
.3
.7
.4
.4
.4
.2
.5
.7
,i
.6
.5
.4
.4
.0
.1
.2
3.5
3
4
2
3
4
5
5
3
3
6
4
2
3
3
5
5
3
6
4
8
3
13
5
11
2
6
3
3
6
3
5
8
4
3
5
3
3
7
2
3
2
5
.9
.1
.6
.1
.9
.0
.6
4
.3
.8
.5
.8
.4
.6
.0
.4
.3
.2
.4
.7
.8
.6
.1
.7
.5
.4
.6
.9
.4
.4
.7
.1
.2
.2
.4
.2
.5
.5
.1
.8
.5
.3
THE 238Pu AND 239Pu CONCENTRATIONS REPORTED IN THIS TABLE HAVE BEEN ROUNDED.
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
18
-------
TABLE 17
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
JANUARY - MARCH 1981 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239
Pu
LOCATION aCi/m3+e
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA: BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
DE:DOVER
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID: BOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHICAGO
1.8 1.1
0.8 0.6
2.3 i:3
1.2 0.8
1.5 0.9
0.7 1.3
0.9 0.7
1.9 0.9
2.7, 1.3
2.7 2.1
IN: INDIANAPOLIS -0.1 6.8
KS:TOPEKA
KY: FRANKFORT
ME: AUGUSTA
MI: LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO: JEFFERSON CITY
MS: JACKSON
MT: HELENA
NC: CHARLOTTE
ND: BISMARCK
NH: CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM: SANTA FE
NV: LAS VEGAS
NY: ALBANY
t-
NY: NEW YORK CITY
NY: NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH: COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK: OKLAHOMA CITY
OR: PORTLAND
PArHARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC: COLUMBIA
TN.-KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA: SEATTLE
WA: SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV: CHARLESTON
1.8 1.1
i.e'i.o
2.7 1.7
1.8 1,4
1.9 1.2
1.8 0.8
1.8 1.4
1.4 1.3
0.3 1.1
4.0 1.9
0.6 6.6
0.7 1.5
0.7 0.7
1.2 2.5
0.8 0.6
1.7 2.8
2.9 1.7
0.5 0.8
6.3 1.8
1.8 1.1
0.6 0.7
1.8 1.4
2.3 1.5
0.4 0.6
1.9 2.2
1.3 0.6
2.4 1.9
0.6 0.9
1.6 1.8
0.5 0.6
0.6 1.0
1.2 0.7
2.3 1.2
0.9 0.6
0.9 0.9
aCi/m
17.4
13.6
17.1
8.1
8.1
20.1
23.5
16.1
19.8
9.3
2.8
11.5
5.4
9.9
10.3
6.8
14.7
21.1
16.2
11.4
15 ;9
7.8
15.6
27.0
22.9
13 ;*5
7.2
9.6
8.3
13.5
10.6
7.8
18.3
9.3
11.2
8.4
10.4
16.2
16.8
13.9
10.3
6.8
10.1
11.7
9.5
11.1
3±e
3.1
2.1
3.3
1.9
2.0
3.9
3.2
2.6
3.5
2.7
1.1
2.3
1.8
2.9
2.4
1.8
2.2
3.8
3.3
2.4
3.4
1.8
3.7
3.5
5.2
2.2
3.1
2.6
1.6
2.6
2.4
1.7
3.6
2.5
1.8
3.1
1.9
3.6
3.2
3.7
1.9
2.3
1.9
2.8
1.9
2.0
234
U
235
U
238
U
aCi/m3+ e
25.4 3.7
25.1 5.3
33.1 5.8
48.8 5.9
31.0 4.1
38.7 FS6
42.4 5.3
40.7 6.5
81.3 11.6
33.3 6.0
56.2 6.7
30.0 5.0
68.6 7.8
48.0 7.9
33.8 4.6
54.3 6.9
46.7 6.7
46.5 5.8
59.3 9.4
33.8 5.1
81.8 12.9
34.4 4.1
69.7 14.0
48.2 6.5
112.0 16.6
60.3 6.6
49.5 7.5
97.1 10.7
3.1 0.4
72.3 8.7
44.0 6.5
51.8 6.8
61.2 10.8
30.4 5.7
30'.8 5.4
118.7 20.8
39.7 4.8
37.7 6.0
36.3 0.4
83.1 10.2
75.0 9.2
43.7 6.0
17.5 3.1
47.9 8.0
19.3 3.1
56.4 6.7
aCi/m3+ e
1.4 0.8
1.4 1.0
4.0 1.8
3.5 1.1
1.5 0.7
1.8 0.8
1.5-0.7
2.4 1.2
2.1 1.3
1.3 1.1
3.0 1.1
1.7 1.1
2.9 1.1
2.2 1.4
0.6 0.5
5.2 1.5
2.4 1.1
2.7 0.9
2.2 1.5
4.1 1.5
4.2 2.2
2.2 0.7
3.9 3.0
3.7 1.3
7.1 3.2
3.6 1.0
2.7 1.4
6.5 1.8
0.2 0.1
4.4 1.4
2.8 1.2
2.9 1.1
3.9 2.8
2.9 1.6
2.5 1.4
3.8 3.6
2.4 0.8
4.2 1.7
3.3 0.8
4.0 1.5
4.1 1.4
1.1 0.8
0.7 0.5
1.2 1.0
1.0 0.6
3.0 1.1
aCi/m3* e
20.7 3.2
16.8 4.0
24.0 4.7
38.8 4.9
22.1 3.2
35.4 4.6
33.5 4.5
17.9 3.7
56.7 8.9
32.2 5.8
40.0 5.2
27.9 4.8
43.8 5.6
46.6 7.7
16.9 2.8
40.4 5.5
32.5 5.2
39.5 5.1
46.3 7f.9
27.8 4.4
61.8 10.5
18.7 2.6
51.4 11.3
41.1 5.7
74.6 12.5
62.6 6.8
33.9 5.8
100.1 10.9
2.9 0.4
56.5 7.2
38.2 5.9
28.0 4.2
59.4 10.6
21.3 4.5
25.4 4.8
95.9 17.9
39.1 4.7
19.2 3.9
36.4 4.1
50.9 7.0
22.8 3.7
29.5 4.6
10.1 2.2
32.4 6.1
21.1 3.3
46.7 5.8
ooo
THE °°Pu AND Pu CONCENTRATIONS REPORTED IN THIS TABLE HAVE BEEN ROUNDED.
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
19
-------
Krypton-85
Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half life of 10.8
years. It is released into the atmosphere by nuclear reactor
operations, fuel fabrication, fuel reprocessing, and nuclear
detonations. Krypton85 also occurs naturally in minor quantities
primarily from the neutron capture of stable krypton-84 as well as
spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission of uranium.
Monitoring of krypton-85 in the atmosphere has been conducted to
identify and establish baseline levels and long-term trends.
Krypton-85 analysis began in January 1973 with sample
collections and analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations*
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of the
United States with considerations being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing plants, nuclear reactors, and wide geographic
coverage.
Dry compressed, air samples, collected at each location, are
purchased from commercial air suppliers semiannually and shipped to
the EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted
in a liquid scintillation system.
Data for January - June 1976 were reported in ERD 8«
Note. The recovery tracer required for the analysis of thege
samples is currently unavailable. When the tracer is available or
new methodology developed, the samples received after June 1976 will
be analyzed and reported in this report series.
20
-------
DATA - EPA
ERAMS
SECTION II. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides ambient radiation data to
assess the effects of the nuclear power industry, the natural
radiation environment, and other nuclear sources on the nation's
rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Grab samples are taken quarterly at 58 stations located
downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities.
Surface water monitoring consists of tritium analyses quarterly
and gamma scans annually. Tritium is the primary radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants, therefore, all nuclear power
plants that are operating or scheduled for operation through 1980 are
being monitored.
Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples. Gamma scans are performed- annually to
determine if there is a buildup of other'contaminants.
Tritium concentrations for surface water samples for January -
June 1981 are given in Tables 18-19.
Results from the 1981 annual gamma analyses of surface water are
shown in Table 20.
21 ,
-------
TABLE 18
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1981
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:GORDON
AL:SCOTTSBORO
CAiCLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
COrGREELEY
CTrEAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
IDrBUHL
IL:BYRON
IL:EAST MOLINE
IL:MARSEILLES
IL:MORRIS
IL:OREGON
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MArROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI: MONROE
MI:SOUTH HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
NYrPOUGHKEEPSIE
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER
TENNESSEE RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RlVfiR
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
ROCK RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ROCK RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RlVIJR
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
HUDSON RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
1/28/81
1/16/81
1/27/81
1/26/81
i/2i/8l
il i/si
1/23/81
1/22/81
1/28/81
1/27/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 8/81
2/11/81
!/ 1/81
1/20/81
3/31/81
2/15/81
I/ 1/81
11 1/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 6/81
1/12/81
1/13781
I/ 6/81
!/ 7/81
I/ 1/81
I/ 3/81
II 5/81
II 1/81
1/14/81
1/20/81
1/28/81
11 8/81
I/ 7/81
1/12/81
I/ 9/81
11 8/81
I/ 1/81
2/25/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 7/81
nCi/1
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.3
0*3
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
Oi3
0.3
0.5
0.4
0^3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.2
0*2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.6
o»-i
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
Oi3
0.4
0.5
± e
0*2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0,2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0*2
0.2
0.2
0*2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0/2
0.2
6.2
0*2
0.2
6*2
6*2
0.2
0*2
0;2
0*2
0.2
0*2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0*2
0.2
0*2
0.2
22
-------
LOCATION
OH:TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TN:KINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
VA:DOSWELL
VTrVERNON
WArNORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 18 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE-WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1981
SOURCE
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
NORTH ANNA RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 2/81
1/17/81
1/26/81
1/29/81
1/28/81
II 5/81
21 9/81
II 6/81
1/14/81
I/ 8/81
3/23/81
2/ 5/81
I/ 8/81
2/ 9/81
1/29/81
II 6/81
nCi/1
0.2
0.4
0.2
5.0
0.3
1.2
0.4
0.5
0.2
1.7
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
+ e
.2
.3
.2
.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
23
-------
TABLE 19
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
APRIL - JUNE 1981
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
ALrSCOTTSBORO
CA:CLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
COrGREELEY
CT-.EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
GArBAXLEY
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:BYRON
IL:E. MOLINE
IL:MARSEILLES
IL: MORRIS
IL:OREGON
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SOUTH HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHIE RIVER
TENNESSEE RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
ALTAMAHA RIVER
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE,RIVER
ROCK RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
ROCK RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
4/10/81
4/ 1/81
4> 7/81
4/ 6/81
4/16/81
4// 2/81
4//16/81
4/24/81
4/29/81
4/23/81
4/^81
4/29/81
4/30481
5/11/81
'M)ifa*
4/ 1/81
5^15/81
5/15/81
4/ 1/81
4/ i/81
6/22/81
4/1/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 3/81
4/30/81
4/ 7/8i
3/31/81
kl/ 1/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 4/8i
A/ 6/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 8/81
4/17/81
5/21/81
A,/ 1/81
4/ 2/81
5/12/81
4/16/81
4/14/81
4iflO/81
6/'3/8l
nCi/1
Q.3
0.2
0.4
0,.3
6.1
0.2
0.2
1.5
0,-2
0.1
6^2
0.2
0.3
6.2
S3
0:3
6.3
0.2
Oy,5
6^4
0.2
0.4
6' 1,3
6.2
6il2
6.2
0.2
P>3
0,.6.
0.4'
P-^3
9«2
0^2
0.4
0.3
6.2
0.3
0^4
64
p's
o.i
± e
0.2
0.*2
Q.2
0.2
6.2
0.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
0.2
6.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
6.2
0.2
Q.2
Q;.2
6.2
0.2
6;.2
6.2
6.2
0:2
Q.2
0.2
6; ,2
0.2
0.2
P,.2
0.2
Q.2
0^2
6.2
0,2
0.2
0.2
6.2
0.2
6.2
Q.?
24
-------
LOCATION
NYtOSWEGO
NY:POUGHKEEPSIE
OHrTOLEDO ,
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TNrKINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
TX:MATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
VT:VERNON
WArNORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 19 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
APRIL - JUNE 1981
SOURCE
LAKE ONTARIO
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
5/ 4/81
4/ 1/81
3/30/81
4/26/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 9/81
4/29/81
4/ 6/81
5/ 4/81
5/12/81
4/13/81
4/28/81
4/10/81
6/10/81
4/14/81
4/ 1/81
5/ 4/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 2/81
nCi/1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
3.3
0.1
1.5
0.4
1.2
0.3
0.1
2.6
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.2
± e
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
25
-------
TABLE 20
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
ALrSCOTTSBORO
CA:CLAY STATION
CArDIABLO CANYON
CArEUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
COrGREELEY
CT:EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
PL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
GA:BAXLEY
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:BYRON
IL:E. MOLINE
IL:MARSEILLES
IL:MORRIS
IL:OREGON
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA: PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MDtCONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MIrCHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SOUTH HAVEN
MNrMONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
SURFACE WATER
ANNUAL GAMMA ANALYSIS
1981
DATE
SOURCE COLLECTED
TENNESSEE RIVER 4/10/81
CHATTAHOOCHIE RIVER 4/ 1/81
TENNESSEE RIVER 4/ 7/81
FOLSOM S. CANAL 4/ 6/81
PACIFIC OCEAN 4/16/81
HUMBOLDT BAY 4/ 2/81
PACIFIC OCEAN 4/16/81
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER 4/24/81
CONNECTICUT RIVER 4/29/81
LONG ISLAND SOUND 4/23/81
GULF OF MEXICO 4/13/81
ATLANTIC OCEAN 4/29/81
BISCAYNE BAY 4/30/81
ALTAMAHA RIVER 5/11/81
CEDAR RIVER 4/14/81
SNAKE RIVER 4/ 1/81
ROCK RIVER 5/15/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 2/15/81
ILLINOIS RIVER 4/ 1/81
ILLINOIS RIVER 4/ 1/81
ROCK RIVER 6/22/81
LAKE MICHIGAN 4/ 1/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 4/ 2/81
CAPE CODE BAY 4/3/81
DEERFIELD RIVER 4/30/81
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER 4/ 7/81
CHESAPEAKE BAY 3/31/81
MONTSEWAY BAY 4/ 1/81
LAKE MICHIGAN 4/ 7/81
LAKE MICHIGAN ' 4/4/81
LAKE ERIE 4/ 6/81
LAKE MICHIGAN 4/ 9/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 4/ 8/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 4/17/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 5/21/81
CATAWBA RIVER 4/ 1/81
ATLANTIC OCEAN 4/ 2/81
MISSOURI RIVER 5/12/81
DELAWARE RIVER 4/16/81
OYSTER CREEK 4/14/81
COLORADO RIVER 4/10/81
HUDSON RIVER 6/ 3/81
LAKE ONTARIO 5/ 4/81
GAMMA
pCi/1 t e
ND
ND
ND
ND
ln ND
40K 212 +
37Z
40K 223 + 75Z
ND
/n ND
40K 197 4- 40Z
,« *>
40K 119 + 65Z
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
40K 98 + 78Z
40K 183 f 43Z
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
40K 206 + 39Z
ND
ND
40K 168 ± 47%
ND
ND
ND
26
-------
LOCATION
NY:POUGHKEEPSIE
OH: TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TNrKINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
TX:MATAGORDA
VA:DOSWELL
VT:VERNON;
WA:NORTHPQRT
WArRICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
ANNUAL GAMMA ANALYSIS
1981
DATE
SOURCE COLLECTED
HUDSON RIVER 4/1/81
LAKE ERIE 3/30/81
COLUMBIA RIVER 4/26/81
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER 4/ 1/81
SAVANNAH RIVER 4/ 9/81
BROAD RIVER 4/29/81
LAKE ROBINSON 4/ 6/81
TENNESSEE RIVER 5/ 4/81
CLINCH RIVER 5/12/81
RIO GRANDE 4/13/81
COLORADO RIVER 4/28/81
NORTH ANNA RIVER 4/10/81
CONNECTICUT RIVER 6/10/81
COLUMBIA RIVER 4/14/81
COLUMBIA RIVER 4/ 1/81
LAKE MICHIGAN 5/ 4/81
MISSISSIPPI RIVER 4/ 9/81
OHIO RIVER 4/ 2/81
GAMMA
pCi/1 + e
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
27
-------
Drinking Water
The drinking water program provides ambient radiation monitoring
relevant to the effects of the nuclear power industry, natural
environmental insult, and other pertinent sources. These data serve
to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with
standards set forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations." These regulations provide for approval of
supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not
exceed 5 pCi/1, when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium)
levels do not exceed 15 pCi/1, when tritium levels do not exceed
20,000 pCi/1, when the strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and
when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/l.x
Grab samples are taken at 78 sites which are either major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis (b) gross
alpha, gross beta, and strontium-90 on annual composites (gamma
analyses are performed if the gross beta activity is greater than 10
pCi/1; radium-226 analyses are performed if the gross alpha exceeds
2 pCi/1; and radium-228 analyses are performed if the radium-226
activity falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1) (c) specific iodine^lSl is
performed on one quarterly sample per year for each station (d) an
annual composite for plutonium-238, -239, uranium-234, -235, ^-238, on
22 selected sampling locations corresponding to continuously
operating air particulate stations.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the
distilled samples, gross beta, and gross alpha by evaporating an
aliquot on stainless steel planchets for counting, and radium-226 by
the standard emanation technique. Strontium-90 is determined by beta
counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for January -
June 1981 are shown in Tables 21-22.
The annual alpha, beta, gamma, radium, and strontium analyses
for the January - December 1980 annual drinking water samples are
shown in Table 23.
Plutonium and uranium analyses are similar to procedures given
for air particulate samples. Analyses were altered to coincide with
revised EPA standards. The results for 1980 composite samples are
shown in Table 24.
Iodine-131 concentration in drinking water for January * June
1981 is shown in Table 25.
28
-------
TABLE 21
PRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1981
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:MIAMI
FLtTAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MArROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MN:RED WING
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH: CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
DATE
COLLECTED
1/12/81
1/16/81
I/ 2/81
1/29/81
1/27/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 5/81
1/23/81
1/22/81
I/ 2/81
2/ 3/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 6/81
1/12/81
1/15/81
I/ 1/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 1/81
1/15/81
11 5/81
1/12/81
I/ 6/81
1/13/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 5/81
1/13/81
I/ 2/81
1/20/81-
2/24/81
I/ 5/81
1/28/81
I/ 8/81
11 8/81
I/ 8/81
11 2/81
11 1/81
I/ 2/81
1/19/81
1/13/81
I/ 2/81
1/12/81
I/ 6/81
nCl/1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.8
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
± e
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
29
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 21 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1981
DATE
COLLECTED nCi/1 + e
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI-PROVJDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVlLLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI: MADISON
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
I/ 2/81
I/ 2/81
21 1/81
3/25/81
I/ 7/81
1/28/81
I/ 6/81
1/13/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 7/81
1/14/81
1/28/81
21 2/81
I/ 2/81
1/15/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 5/81
1/30/81
I/ 7/81
3/18/81
I/ 1/81
I/ 1/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 1/81
2/20/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 6/81
1/29/81
I/ 9/81.
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.9
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0,2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
30
-------
TABLE 22
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
APRIL - JUNE 1981
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DErWILMINGTON
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:BAXLEY
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:RED WING
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
DATE
COLLECTED
4/ 3/81
4/ 2/81
4/30/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 3/81
4/ 1/81
4/28/81
4/24/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 6/81
5/11/81
4/20/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 1/81
6/12/81
4/20/81
4/13/81
4/30/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 3/81
4/16/81
4/24/81
5/14/81
5/21/81
4/ 3/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/13/81
4/14/81
4/1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
nCi/1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
2.7
0.1
0.9
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
± e
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
31
-------
TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
APRIL - JUNE 1981
LOCATION
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
DATE
COLLECTED
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
5/ 7/81
5/15/81
4/ 3/81
4/27/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/17/81
4/ 3/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 7/81
4/27/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 6/81
4/24/81
4/28/81
5/26/81
6/10/81
4/ 1/81
4/27/81
4/ 2/81
4/21/81
4/20/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 1/81
4/ 9/81
4/10/81
nCi/1
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
± e
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
32
-------
TABLE 23
LOCATION
AK:ANCHORAGE
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA
90,
226,
SPECIFIC
SOLIDS DATE CTD. DATE CTD. *USr ZZbRa GAMMA
mg/1 pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e ACTIVITY
79.2 2.0 0.7
21 2/81
128.8 2.0 0.6
. 2/ 2/81
149.0 2.0 0.8
21 2/81
64.4 0.6 0.6
21 2/81
94.6 2.0 0.7
21 2/81
97.8 1.0 0.5
21 6/81
41.6 1.0 0.4
21 6/81
41.4 0.7 0.6
21 6/81
258.8 4.0 0.8
2/10/81
108.2 3.0 0.6
2/10/81
703.0 9.0 1.1
2/10/81
41.0 0.7 0.6
2/10/81
106.2 2.0 0.7
2/10/81
127.8 2.0 0.7
2/10/81
0.1 0.3
2/ 2/81
0.0
21 2/81
0.0
21 2/81
0.0
21 2/81
0.0
21 2/81
0.0
21 6/81
0.0
21 6/81
0.0
21 6/81
4.0 1.1
2/10/81
4.0 1.0
2/10/81
4.0 1.4
2/10/81
0.0
2/10/81
0.1 0.3
2/10/81
0.0
2/10/81
-0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.1 0.02
0.2 0.02
0.3 0.02
NA
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
33
-------
TABLE 23 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
LOCATION
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA-.BAXLEY
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IL:MORRIS
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MArLAWRENCE
MArROWE
179.4 2.0 0.6
2/10/81
194.4 3.0 0.7
2/10/81
139.0 2.0 0.7
2/17/81
73.6 2.0 0.6
2/17/81
180.6 2.0 0.7
2/17/81
144.6 2.0 0.6
4/ 3/81
76.6 0.6 0.5
2/17/81
199.2 2.7 0.8
3/ 4/81
205.8 14.0 1.1
3/ 4/81
269.0 13.0 1.2
3/20/81
404.0 7.0 1.0
3/20/81
159.0 2.0 0.5
3/20/81
75.4 1.0 0.5
3/20/81
39.6 0.1 0.6
3/20/81
OSS ALPHA
ATE CTD.
Ci/1 + e
0.3 0.6
2/10/81
0.1 0.5
2/10/81
0.8 0.6
2/17/81
0.1 0.3
2/17/81
0.1 0.5
2/17/81
0.1 0.4
4/ 3/81
0.4 0.3
2/17/81
1.8 0.8
3/ 4/81
11.0 1.8
3/ 4/81
5.0 1.2
3/20/81
0.0
3/20/81
0.4 0.6
3/20/81
0.0
3/20/81
0.0
3/20/81
90Sr
pCi/1 +
-0.4
0.3
0.0
0.2
-0.1
0.2
0.2
-0.1
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.4
-0.1
e
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.8
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.3
0.7
0.5
0.2
226Ra
pCi/1 +
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7.7
6.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
e ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.07 ND
0.06 ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
34
-------
TABLE 23 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
MD:BALTIMORE '
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:R£D WING
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND: BISMARCK
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
. SOLIDS DATE CTD.
mg/1 pCi/1 + e
62.8 2.0 0.7
3/20/81
170.0 3.0 0.9
3/20/81
69.6 2.0 0.5
3/20/81
87.4 2.0 0.7
3/20/81
115.4 2.0 0.6
3/20/81
115.2 2.0 0.5
3/20/81
197.6 6.0 0.8
3/24/81
240.0 2.0 0.5
3/24/81
195.6 2.0 0.5
3/24/81
275.0 2.0 0.6
3/24/81 "
117.8 4.0 0.8
3/24/81
46.6 1.0 0.4'
3/24/81
84.4 "2.0 0.9
3/24/81
403.2 5.0 1.0
4/ 3/81
)SS ALPHA , ' SPECIFIC
WE CTD. Sr ' 26Ra GAMMA
:i/l + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e ACTIVITY
0.0
3/20/81
0.0
3/20/81
0.7 0.4
3/20/81
0.2 0.3
3/20/81
0.0
3/20/81
0.9 0.5- .
3/20/81
5.0 1.3
3/24/81
.2.0 1.1
3/24/81
0.9 0.7 ,
3/24/81
1.0 0.6
3/24/81
1.0 0.6
3/24/81
;p.o
3/24/81
0.0
3/24/81
0.3 0.6.
4/ 3/81
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.3
0.5 1.0
0.5 0.3
0.7 0.4
0.4 0.4
0.1 0.4
:0.0 0.2
0.4 0.4
O-.l 0.2
0.2 0.7
0.3 0.4
0.5 0.4
0;3 0.3
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.0 0.09
1.0 0.03
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
35
-------
TABLE .23 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
LOCATION
NE: LINCOLN
NH: CONCORD
NJ: TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
*
NY: ALBANY
NY: NEW YORK CITY
NY: NIAGARA FALLS
NY: SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH: COLUMBUS
OH: EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
TOTAL
SOLIDS
mg/1
314.0
60.4
103.2
*
110.8
604.8
59.2
46.0
142.2
113.6
176.8
206.2
220.6
147.0
GROSS BETA
DATE CTD.
pCi/1 + e
9.0 1.0
4/ 3/81
0.2 0.3
3/24/81
1.0 0.5
4/ 3/81
6.0 0.8
4/ 3/81
8.0 1.2
4/ 3/81
1.0 0.5
4/ 3/81
1.0 0.6
4/ 3/81
2.0 0.6
4/ 3/81
2.0 0.7
4/ 6/81
2.0 0.7
4/ 6/81
5.0 1.0
4/ 6/81
3.0 0.8
4/ 6/81
2.0 0.6
4/ 6/81
GROSS ALPHA SPECIFIC
DATE CTD. Sr Z26Ra GAMMA
pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e ACTIVITY
4.0 1.3 0.4 0.5
4/ 3/81
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4
3/24/81
0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3
4/ 3/81
5.0 1.0 0.0 0.1
4/ 3/81
2.0 1.4 0.7 0.5
4/ 3/81
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6
4/ 3/81
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
4/ 3/81
0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4
4/ 3/81
1.0 0.6 0.9 0.6
4/ 3/81
0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4
4/ 6/81
0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4
4/ 6/81
0.0 0.4 0.3
4/ 6/81
0.0 0.6 0.3
4/ 6/81
0.3 0.02 ND
NA ND
NA ND
0.1 0.02 ND
0.2 0.02 ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA ND
NA NA
36
-------
TABLE 23 (CONTINUED)
LOCATION
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA .'COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA
226,
SOLIDS DATE CTD. DATE CTD. '"Sr
mg/1 pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e
111.4 2.0 0.7
4/ 7/81
186.0 4.0 0.8
4/ 7/81
20.0 2.0 0.7
4/ 7/81
173.2 2.0 0.7
4/ 7/81
28.6 0.5 0.5
4/ 7/81
160.8 2.0 0.7
4/ 7/81
64.6 0.5 0.6
4/ 7/81
59.0 2.0 0.7
4/ 7/81
33.8 0.4 0.5
4/ 8/81
59.6 2.0 0.7
4/ 9/81
19.8 2.0 0.6
4/ 8/81
122.2 4.0 0.8
4/ 8/81
25.6 0.7 0.6
4/ 8/81
92.2 1.0 0.4
4/ 8/81
0.1 0.4 0.3 0.5
4/ 7/81
0.0
4/ 7/81
0.0
4/ 7/81
0.0
4/ 7/81
0.0
4/ 7/81
0.0
4/ 8/81
0.2 0.1
0.3 0.3
0.3 0.3
0.2 0.3
0.1 0.5 0.3 0.3
4/ 7/81
0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1
4/ 7/81
0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4
4/ 7/81
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
4/ 8/81
0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2
4/ 9/81
0.2 0.2 0.0 O'.l
4/ 8/81
2.0 0.8 0.0 0.1
4/ 8/81
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3
4/ 8/81
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
37
-------
TABLE 23 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
ALPHA, BETA AND GAMMA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1980
ANNUAL ANALYSES
TOTAL GROSS BETA GROSS ALPHA
226,
LOCATION
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VAiVIRGINIA BEACH
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
SOLIDS DATE CTD. DATE CTD. ^"Sr "uRa
mg/1 pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e pCi/1 + e
151.6 2.0 0.6
4/ 8/81
125.A 4.0 0.8
4/ 8/81
64.2 1.0 0.5
4/ 8/81
124.8 3.0 0.7
4/ 8/81
79.6 2.0 0.8
4/ 8/81
25.8 0.1 0.4
4/ 8/81
159.8 2.0 0.8
4/ 9/81
210.8 2.0 0.7
4/ 9/81
0.0
4/ 8/81
0.0
4/ 8/81
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.4
4/ 8/81
0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.3
4/ 8/81
0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3
4/ 8/81
0.1 0.4
0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1
4/ 8/81
0.7 0.6 0.2 0.4
4/ 9/81
2.0 1.0 0.2 0.3
4/ 9/81
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
SPECIFIC
GAMMA
ACTIVITY
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
NA NO ANALYSIS
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
* SAMPLE WAS FOUND TO BE CONTAMINTATED WITH BRACKISH SURFACE WATER.
SAMPLE DATA ON FILE AT EPA-EERF.
38
-------
TABLE 24
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
PL:MIAMI
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OHCINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM ANALYSES
OF
SELECTED DRINKING WATER COMPOSITE SAMPLES
1980 COMPOSITE
238
pCi/1
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.008
0.000
0.011
0.003
0.015
0.000
0.016
0.009
0.013
0.011
0.012
0.005
0.023
0.015
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.013
0.006
Pu
± e
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.007
0.000
0.007
0.003
0.010
0.013
0.010
0.007
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.005
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.007
0.016
0.016
0.010
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
239
pCi/1
.009
.002
.001
.000
.000
.003
.001
.002
.002
.003
.000
.012
.000
.004
.004
.000
.007
.003
.002
.001
.004
.003
Pu
± e
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.004
0.000
0.008
0.000
0.004
0.005
0.000
0.007
0.005
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.004
234
pCi/1
0
0
2
1
0
1
1
0
0
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.068
.035
.174
.616
.158
.054
.760
.118
.063
.095
.703
.054
.138
.160
.096
.113
.042
.037
.063
.073
.032
.041
U
± e
0.015
0.010
0.211
0.166
0.040
0.111
0.176
0.025
0.017
0.377
0.256
0.020
0.029
0.031
0.025
0.028
0.016
0.013
0.018
0.022
0.015
0.016
235
pCi/1
0.012
0.001
0.114
0.111
0.012
0.063
0.211
0.009
0.007
0.230
0.263
0.003
0.018
0.011
0.017
0.009
0.005
0.001
0.007
0.014
0.001
0.005
U
± e
0.006
0.001
0.020
0.025
0.011
0.016
0.030
0.007
0.005
0.039
0.040
0.005
0.010
0.007
0.010
0.008
0.005
0.002
0.006
0.010
0.003
0.005
238
pCi/1
0.015
0.017
1.785
1.316
0.089
0.513
0.073
0.082
0.025
3.572
1.747
0.008
0.082
0.098
0.052
0.076
0.035
0.015
0.040
0.026
0.022
0.020
U
± e
0.007
0.007
0.176
0.139.
0.027
0.063
0.015
0.021
0.010
0.332
0.173
0.008
0.022
0.023
0.018
0.023
0.014
0.008
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.011
THE MINIMUM DETECTABLE LEVEL IS .015 pCi/SAMPLE, FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL ISOTOPE.
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
39
-------
TABLE 25
IODINE-131 IN DRINKING WATER
JANUARY - JUNE 1981
LOCATION
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
MA:LAWRENCE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MO .-JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NM:SANTA FE
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY .-ALBANY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
DATE
COLLECTED
1/29/81
4/ 1/81
I/ 2/81
4/ 1/81
6/30/81
I/ 6/81
4/20/81
I/ 2/81
4/ 7/81
11 5/81
6/29/81
3/30/81
4/13/81
It 6/81
1/13/81
4/ 2/81
1/13/81
3/30/81
4/16/81
4/24/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 8/81
4/ 1/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 2/81
4/13/81
1/13/81
I/ 2/81
1/12/81
3/30/81
I/ 2/81
4/27/81
I/ 6/81
3/30/81
I/ 5/81
4/ 3/81
4/ 2/81
4/27/81
21 2/81
I/ 2/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 6/81
I/ 5/81
4/24/81
11 7/81
pCi/1
0.0
-0.4
0.1
-0.2
-0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
-0.1
0.0
-0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
-0.1
-0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
-0.2
-0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
-0.2
-0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
-0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
-0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
± e
0.0
0.1
0.1
. 0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
40
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
IODINE-131 IN DRINKING WATER
JANUARY - JUNE 1981
DATE
LOCATION COLLECTED pCi/1 + e
TX:AUSTIN 3/30/81 0.1 0.1
VA-.DOSWELL 4/27/81 -0.3 0.1
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH 4/21/81 -0.2 0.1
WA:RICHLAND 4/ 1/81 -0.1 0.1
WA:SEATTLE 4/ 1/81 0.0 0.0
WI:GENOA CITY 4/ 9/81 0.0 0.1
WI:MADISON 4/10/81 -0.1 0.1
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
41
-------
All samples were taken as either a single grab sample or
composite samples taken over 12 to 14 days.
Radon-222 In Drinking Water
Radon-222 in drinking water has previously been considered a
source of radiation exposure primarily from an ingestion standpoint.
The Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) is investigating radon in water supplies to
evaluate the possibility that a major pathway from inhalation
exposure may exist in addition to the ingestion pathway. As an inert
gas, radon is not chemically bound to the water and consequently can
be released during any operation that aerates or agitates water.
Depending upon the initial concentration of radon in water,
significant quantities of radon could be released in a home or to the
general environment.
To determine the scope of this potential problem, a national
ground water sampling program has been initiated by the Eastern
Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF) to obtain data on radon
concentrations in water supplies throughout the country. Sampling
kits have been assembled by EERF and distributed to various state
health departments. The kit is designed so that state personnel can
collect samples from potable water supplies and ship them, without
loss of radon other than radioactive decay, to EERF for analysis.
The selection of water supplies to be sampled is handled by two
separate methods. Method 1 in which each state collects samples from
all groundwater supplies serving at least 1000 people and Method 2 in
which the choice of sampling locations and the number of supplies to
be sampled is left to the discretion of the state programs. Each
state is asked to obtain a representative sampling of ground water
supplies within Its boundaries. The extent of the sampling efforts
and how representative the data are for a given state is determined
primarily by the amount of time each state devotes to the program.
The concentrations of radon in water are determined at the EERF
by liquid scintillation counting. The limit of detection for this
technique using a 50-minute count and a 10-ml sample Is 0.16 pCi or
16 pci/1.
The sampling kits are being provided to the various states on a
rotating schedule. This schedule is designed to cover the U.S.
within approximately two years. As data from each state are compiled
they will be published in ERD.
Summaries of the data from Delaware, Florida, Nevada, North
Dakota, Oklahoma and South Dakota are shown in Tables 26 - 31.
42
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 26
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
DE:BETHANY BEACH
DE:BETHANY BEACH
DE:BETHANY BEACH
DErBRIDGEVILLE
DE:CAMDEN WYOMING
DE:CLAYTON
DE:DAGSBORO
DE .'DELAWARE CITY
DE:DELMAR
DE:DOVER
DE:DOVER AFB
DE:FREDERICA
DE:GEORGETOWN
DE:GEORGETOWN
DE:GEORGETOWN
DE:HARRINGTON
DE:LAUREL
DE:LEWES
DE:LEWES
DE:LEWES
DE:MIDDLETOWN
DE:MILFORD
DE:MILLSBORO
DE:MILLSBORO
DE:MILLSBORO
DE:MILTON
DE:NEW CASTLE
DE:NEWARK
DE:NEWARK
DE:OCEANVIEW
DE:REHOBOTH
DE:REHOBOTH
DE:SEAFORD
DE:SELBYVILLE
DE:SMYRNA
DE:WILMINGTON
6/12/81
6/ 1/81
6/12/81
6/10/81
5/19/81
5/19/81
5/28/81
5/20/81
6/10/81
5/19/81
5/19/81
6/15/81
5/22/81
6/11/81
6/11/81
5/19/81
5/22/81
5/22/81
6/12/81
5/22/81
6/15/81
5/19/81
5/22/81
5/22/81
5/22/81
5/22/81
5/20/81
5/20/81
6/18/81
6/12/81
5/22/81
5/28/81
6/10/81
6/11/81
5/19/81
6/15/81
3500
1500
6000
1400
2500
1200
1600
2300
2300
25000
8000
1000
3255
1900
1000
2500
3210
5000
1500
1500
2750
5300
1200
1313
2500
1490
5500
130000
30000
1950
12000
250
6000
1424
5000
1240
8.5
80.7
5.0
54.6
318.9
344.7
74.4
55.0
52.5
224.8
125.9
100.5
159.9
-112.2
104.3
144.2
60.4
-36.4
156.2
-18.1
32.9
20.0
150.4
100.0
90.4
14.0
114.8
156.4
-13.6
25.4
262.5
172.4
102.4
96.3
13.5
120.7
100.9
76.7
102.1
102.3
63.8
65.5
91.7
62.2
103.2
62.9
61.0
63.1
92.3
85.4
89.3
61.3
90.1
88.9
105.3
62.6
60.3
58.4
92.5
90.6
91.1
90.4
63.6
64.6
95.1
104.6
95.2
93.2
103.8
89.2
58.2
62.1
43
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 27
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
FL:ALTAMONTE SPRIN 2/ 3/81
FLrAPOPKA 1/22/81
FLrARCADIA 5/19/81
FL: ATLANTIC BEACH 2/25/81
FL:AVON PARK 5/21/81
FL:AZELEA PARK 1/20/81
FL:BARTOW . 3/25/81
FL:BOCA RATON 4/29/81
FL:BOYNTON BEACH 4/29/81
FL:CAPE CORAL 5/20/81
FL:CASSELBERRY 2/ 3/81
FL:CLAIR MEL CITY 5/18/81
FL:CLEARWATER 3/24/81
FLrCOCOA 5/11/81
FLrCONWAY MANOR 1/20/81
FL:COOPER CITY 4/14/81
FL:CORAL SPRINGS 4/ 7/81
FL: CORAL SPRINGS 4/ 7/81
FL:CRESTVIEW 12/11/80
FL:DADE CITY 3/31/81
FLrDANIA 4/ 8/81
FL:DAVIE 4/14/81
FLrDAYTONA BEACH 3/19/81
FL:DE FUNIAK SPRIN12/15/80
FLrDEERFIELD BEACH 4/ 9/81
FL:DELAND 3/18/81
FLrDELRAY BEACH 4/29/81
FL:DUNEDIN 3/24/81
FLrEASTPOINT 12/15/80
FL:ENGLEWOOD 5/20/81
FL:EUSTIS 3/23/81
FL:FERNANDINA BEAC 2/27/81
FL:FLORIDA CITY 4/16/81
FL: FLORIDA CITY 5/21/81
FLrFORT PIERCE 5/13/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/ 9/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/13/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/14/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/ 7/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/ 9/81
FL:FT. LAUDERDALE 4/16/81
FL:FT. MYERS 5/20/81
FL:FT. WALTON 12/10/80
FL:FT. WALTON 12/10/80
FL: GAINESVILLE- 1/14/81
FL:HALLENDALE 4/ 8/81
FL: HOLLY HILL 3/19/81
FL: HOLLYWOOD 4/ 7/81
FL: HOLLYWOOD 4/ 8/81
13556
13000
10013
8900
8500
10000
16100
49500
45000
39000
13556
8569
350000
100000
20000
7600
27000
8200
8900
9500
12500
12500
69000
6000
40000
25200
36000
35000
7000
20000
10000
10000
6700
60000
38000
250000
43000
13700
6200
11100
6000
17780
20000
27804
100000
37400
10000
120000
17000
53.2
86.5
893.0
221.8
482.4
35.9
46.0
-30.2
15.7
-15.7
28.2
-15.8
131.2
-46.8
66.0
-22.4
143.8
25.5
121.6
394.5
9.7
-34.5
35.6
322.1
150.4
228.0
81.0
32.8
43.7
149.2
21.8
146.6
122.7
188.9
269.1
247.4
274.9
36.0
30.3
168.6
76.5
-20.5
93.8
51.9
290.5
37.2
-30.6
-54.6
31.2
47.1
56.1
196.0
106.5
138.4
46.3
72.5
118.6
118.9
130.8
46.4
157.3
82.0
72.7
46.6
132.3
51.7
42.4
77.9
82.9
110.8
130.5
58.4
80.0
100.3
67.1
120.8
80.8
38.2
164.6
113.3
84.6
113.4
135.9
114.9
102.6
94.6
75.6
59.1
100.3
99.8
131.2
40.5
41.0
99.1
111.7
57.1
259.6
161.3
44
-------
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
4/16/81
4/16/81
21 3/81
3/17/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/25/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/25/81
2/25/81
2/24/81
2/25/81
2/24/81
2/24/81
2/ 2/81
2/25/81
2/25/81
2/25/81
2/25/81
2/25/81
5/11/81
5/11/81
1/14/81
3/25/81
4/13/81
3/23/81
3/23/81
5/20/81
1/13/81
1/20/81
4/ 9/81
12/15/80
5/21/81
5/21/81
3/19/81
4/15/81
4/30/81
4/16/81
4/15/81
12/11/80
4/ 8/81
4/ 8/81
5/21/81
3/26/81
3/26/81
13700
18000
6622
2000
32220
37640
1000
90950
8840
3540
63910
10640
67980
50650
20560
16100
6620
23660
26000
26290
9940
21840
51400
23170
10000
5000
15000
91000
39000
7000
16000
14545
8000
8700
57000
8000
45000
800000
20000
7200
6000
40000
1500000
12785
12000
29900
51621
11816
18000
129.6
34.0
43.6
39.7
40.2
29.6
227.2
43.4
161.3
18.2
37.4
45.2
244.2
214.9
30.0
282.1
13.6
2.9
91.5
205.1
249.8
-38.9
219.8
151.7
-30.7
-38.8
97.4
207.4
-7.6
47.3
381.9
-9.5
224.0
246.5
15.6
61.0
180.8
235.2
164.9
240.9
230.1
131.2
199.8
117.6
70.6
82.2
535.0
1839.0
-2.6
98.4
95.6
47.1
46.6
49.8
48.9
111.9
48.1
119.1
84.2
49.7
83.2
110.3
111.0
83.0
111.0
34.5
81.5
60.7
108.5
109.9
70.5
113.1
106.3
75.0
74.3
99.7
72.4
88.5
94.1
99.1
153.5
114.2
48.8
96.7
65.3
135.5
136.3
60.5
116.7
129.0
98.5
115.9
77.0
110.9
112.0
144.5
73.6
62.2
45
-------
LOCATIC
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
FLrNEW SMYRNA BEAC
FL:NICEVILLE
FL:NO. LAUDERDALE
FL:NORTH MIAMI
FL:NORTH MIAMI
FL:NORTH MIAMI
FLrOCALA
FL:OCOEE
FL:ORANGE PARK
FL:ORANGE PARK
FL:ORANGE PARK
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORMOND BEACH
FL:PACE
FL:PALM BEACH CARD
FL:PALM BEACH CARD
FL:PALM BEACH CARD
FL:PALM SPRINGS
FL:PANACEA
FL:PEMBROKE PINES
FL:PENSACOLA
FL:PENSACOLA
FL:PENSACOLA
FL:PERRINE
FL:PERRY
FL:PLANT CITY
FL:PLANTATION
FL:PLANTATION
FL:POMPANO BEACH
FL:POMPANO BEACH
FL:PORT MALIBAR
FL:PORT ORANGE
FL:PORT RICHEY
FL:RIVIERA BEACH
FL:SANFORD
FL:SANIBEL ISLAND
FL:SARASOTA
FL:SEBRING
FL:SPRING CREEK
FL:SPRING HILL
FL:ST. AUGUSTINE
FL:ST. CLOUD
FL:ST. PETERSBURG
FL:STUART
FL:SUNRISE
FL:SUNRISE
FL:SUNRISE
3/19/81
12/10/80
4/ 9/81
4/30/81
4/30/81
4/30/81
1/16/81
1/22/81
3/17/81
3/17/81
3/17/81
1/22/81
1/22/81
1/22/81
3/19/81
12/ 9/80
4/28/81
4/28/81
4/28/81
4/29/81
12/17/80
4/14/81
12/ 7/80
12/ 9/80
12/ 9/80
4/16/81
1/12/81
3/27/81
4/13/81
4/13/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 9/81
5/11/81
3/19/81
3/26/81
4/28/81
21 3/81
5/20/81
5/19/81 '
5/21/81
12/17/80
3/31/81
2/26/81
5/11/81
3/24/81
5/13/81
4/14/81
4/ 9/81
4/14/81
20000
8754
14200
130000
6400
18000
35000
8000
5000
8000
5000
8000
256490
4000
45400
9951 '
10000
55000 -
14000
17100
2000
46000
4988
22639
170000
8610
7500
23177
12000
37000
67000
48000
16000
35000
12000
30000
24500
7000
60000
16000
7000
17215
25000
9000
350000
11000
6000
37000
11000
-22.6
159.5
9.6
39.3
54.8
241.5
132.4
152.9
34.1'
24.0
51.4
106.8
44.1
123.4
3.6
70.8
-123.5
-110.8
-84.0
302.7
1307.5
51.2
90.4
104.9
53.7
206.4
134.2
354.9
41.5
147.8
225.0
110.7
118.8
-9.5
816.9
81.4
54.9
124.1
-178.9
124.2
319.6
51.8
322.9
2.7
9.5
152.9
46.9
121.8
-77.6
57.7
41.5
96.1
125.0
125.7
131.6
71.8
56.4
46.7
45.5
46.1
55.5
56.7
56.8
56.9
46.0
132.3
132.9
132.7
154.6
110.8
76.4
66.1
46.0
45.6
100.2
132.9
63.9
89.6
91.1
100.0
99.3
76.6
40.8
69.5
137.8
47.2
158.9
173.4
131.6
100.1
81.0
99.7
75.5
81.1
93.6
136.2
98.6
133.2
46
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC.GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
FL:TALLAHASSEE
FL:TAMARAC
FL : TAMP'A -
FL:TAMPA
FL:TAMPA
FL:TEMPLE TERRACE
FL:TEQUESTA
FL:TITUSVILLE
FL:UNIVERSITY SHOR
FL:VENICE
FL:VERO BEACH
FL:WARRINGTON
FL:WEST PALM BEACH
FL:WEST PALM BEACH
FL:WINTER GARDEN
FL:WINTER HAVEN
FL:WINTER PARK
FL:ZEPHYRHILLS
1/13/81
' 4/ 7/81
3/25/81
5/18/81
3/27/81
3/27/81
4/28/81
5/12/81
I 21 3/81
5/20/81
5/12/81
12/ 9/80
I 4/29/81
I 4/29/81
1/22/81
3/25/81
1/20/81
3/31/81
91262
27800
41000
19029
6000
15000
22000
33000
1750
10800
19773
28850
14000
25000
11000
45000
62000 .
10000
466.8
242.7
.290.1
-23.8
1138.5
266.7
-47.6
160.4
66.4
34.6
169.1
104.8
148.4
-22.7
77.9
-40.4
73.9
513.3
119.0
51.6
80.3
223.4
68.3
57.3
136.1
.133.7
46.3
163.3
131.9
46.1
119.8
118.6
56.9
71.0
47.0
84.6
47
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 28
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
NV:CALIENTE
NV:CARLIN
NVrELKO
NV:ELY
NV:FALLON
NVrFALLON .
NV:FERNLEY
NV:GARDNERVILLE
NV:GARDNERVILLE
NV:GERLACH
NVrJEAN
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LOVELOCK
NV:MERCURY
NV:MESQUITE
NV:MOAPA
NV:RENO
NVrRENO
NVrRENO
NV:RENO
NV:SPRING CREEK
NVrTONOPAH
NVrWELLS
NVrWINNEMUCCA
NV:YERINGTON
12/11/80
2/12/81
12/11/80
12/10/80
2/13/81
1/21/81
2/ 3/81
21 3/81
1/21/81
1/21/81
I/ 7/81
2/10/81
2/10/81
12/ 8/80
2/11/81
2/11/81
2/11/81
12/18/80
1/26/81
12/18/80
12/18/80
12/10/80
21 9/81
12/10/80
12/ 8/80
21 3/81
4000
1500
2100
10000
7500
5000
1600
1200
5000
5000
550
1500
1500
2100
1500
1100
2600
2100
3500
2100
1500
1200
1800
1250
5000
3000
933.2
502.5
163.1
533.1
1310.5
-84.9
32.8
-9.9
716.4
724.4
227.1
118.4
222.8
714.8
135.6
237.8
104.5
452.5
563.5
413.5
1104.0
204.2
360.4
221.1
91.3
1348.5
69.7
116.6
66.8
77.2
65.5
79.2
38.1
37.2
85.6
86.9
67.0
39.0
47.9
53.4
78.3
81.6
80.2
67.9
42.1
71.8
77.3
79.2
41.3
75.2
45.9
47.5
48
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 29
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
ND:ASHLEY
ND:BEACH
ND:BELFIELD
NDrBEULAH
ND:BOTTINEAU
ND:BOTTINEAU
ND:BOWMAN
ND:CANDO
ND:CARRINGTON
ND:CAVALIER
ND:COOPERSTOWN
ND:CROSBY
ND:DEVIL'S LAKE
ND:ELLENDALE
ND:ENDERLIN
ND-.FINLEY
ND:FINLEY
ND:FORT TOTTON
ND:GARRISON
ND:GILBY
ND:GILBY
ND:GLEN ULLIN
ND:GRAFTON
ND:HANKINSON
ND:HARVEY
ND:HAZEN
ND:HEBRON
ND:HETTINGER CITY
ND:HILLSBORO
ND:JAMESTOWN
ND:JAMESTOWN
ND:KENMARE
ND:KENMARE
ND:KENMARE
ND:KILLDEER
ND:KINDRED
ND:KINDRED
ND:KINDRED
ND:LA MOURE
ND:LAKOTA
ND:LARIMORE
ND:LIDGERWOOD
ND:LINTON
ND:LISBON
ND:MOHALL
ND:MOTT
ND:NAPOLEON
2/24/81 .
1/13/81
I/ 6/81
5/18/81
4/21/81
4/22/81
21 6/81
4/22/81
3/18/81
51 6/81
3/18/81
4/ 8/81
4/23/81
12/10/80
5/26/81
3/19/81
5/ 8/81
4/23/81
1/22/81
5/ 8/81
5/ 8/81
17 7/81
5/ 8/81
12/10/80
4/21/81
5/18/81
I/ 7/81
21 6/81
3/19/81
3/20/81
3/20/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 9/81
6/29/81
6/ 5/81
6/ 5/81
6/ 5/81
2/25/81
3/18/81
3/19/81
12/10/80
2/24/81
12/11/80
1/21/81
1/14/81
2/25/81
1180
1392
1268
3000
2845
1200
2070
1500
2600
4700
1500
1500
1650
2007
1200
1100
1000
1151
1700
1500
2000
1070
4500
1159
2500
2390
1030
1738
1600
1500
16500
1000
300
1496
1209
3600
2500
2400
1100
1000
1523
978
1695
2286
1100
1400
1088
74.8
330.5
504.0
88.9
89.9
287.4
246.9
203.6
11.4
301.8
152.3
25.7
184.6
68.9
22.4
-22.1
176.6
346.3
-12.8
125.7
42.5
284.0
240.4
56.5
-21.0
20.1
140.7
286.1
58.5
61.9
67.8
114.5
-54.8
25.4
335.8
88.6
92.7
305.8
368.2
-19.1
121.4
194.8
246.7
219.2
-174.5
221.3
437.0
50.1
80.9
83.0
89.8
128.6
117.8
69.3
110.7
28.3
81.5
72. 4
123.8
99.5
81.3
60.1
66.9
78.6
100.0
71.3
80.1
79.1
70.8
81.9
57.5
83.1
88.7
67.5
68.2
67.4
51.9
50.7
104.4
100.0
104.1
151.8
93.1
93.1
97.9
84.7
77.8
71.5
78.1
53.9
70.1
78.4
68.6
98.2
49
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 29 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
ND:NEW ROCKFORD
NDrNEW SALEM
ND:NEW TOWN
ND:OAKES
ND:PARSHALL
ND:PETERSBURG
ND:PORTLAND
ND:ROLLA
ND:RUGBY
ND:STANLEY
ND:THOMPSON
ND:TIOGA
ND:UNDERWOOD
ND:VALLEY CITY
ND:VELVA
ND:WAHPETON
ND:WAHPETON
ND:WALHALLA
ND:WATFORD CITY
ND:WEST FARGO
3/18/81
I/ 7/81
4/ 7/81
12/10/80
4/ 7/81
3/18/81
3/19/81
4/22/81
4/21/81
4/ 8/81
4/22/81
4/ 8/81
1/22/81
3/20/81
4/ 9/81
12/11/80
5/27/81
5/ 7/81
6/29/81
5/28/81
1800
1082
1400
2200
1246
3500
5000
1400
3250
1631
9500
1558
1343
2000
1146
9065
1800
1400
2200
10080
55.1
109.0
-8.8
162.5
-17.4
-53.7
62.3
449.6
-17.1
300.7
325.9
235.6
168.8
139.1
104.7
22.7
176.3
1283.5
30.6
152.3
75.5
68.2
142.9
84.5
141.9
76.3
68.5
118.8
83.0
129.4
150.6
128.3
72.6
52.0
102.6
67.8
59.9
115,7
148.3
88.1
50
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 30
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
OK:ADA
OK:ALVA
OK:BETHANY
OK:BRISTOW
OK:BURNS FLAT
OK:CARTER
OK:DRUMWRIGHT
OK:EDMOND
OK:EL RENO
OK:ELK CITY
OK:ENID
OK:FAIRVIEW
OK:GUYMON
OK:HEALDTON
OK:HOLLIS
OK:KINGFISHER
OK:LINDSAY
OK:MANGUM
OK:MARLOW
OK:MIAMI
OK:MOORE
OK:NICHOLS
OK:NORMAN
OK:PURCELL
OK:SAYRE
OK:SEMINOLE
OK:SULPHUR
OK:TONKAWA
OK:WATONGA
OK:WEATHERFORD
OK:WOODWARD
OK:YUKON
6/19/81
6/24/81
6/ 9/81
6/ 4/81
6/10/81
6/10/81
6/ 4/81
6/ 9/81
6/ 9/81
6/10/81
6/12/81
6/24/81
6/23/81
6/19/81
6/10/81
6/12/81
6/18/81
6/10/81
6/18/81
6/ 4/81
6/11/81
6/ 9/81
6/11/81
6/18/81
6/10/81
6/19/81
6/19/81
6/12/81
6/23/81
6/10/81
6/23/81
6/ 9/81
18000
7900
21100
4860
3000
4250
3675
16633
14510
8500
44986
3100
9500
3407
3175
5001
4500
4500
4020
15000
25000
5000
22000
4076
3000
8000
5500
3337
3680
8900
10500
9166
170.3
181.6
22.9
321.7
86.6
118.7
44.3
126.8
47.0
65.6
230.7
132.6
247.9
48.4
28.6
76.6
173.6
103.4
124.4
164.4
53.8
121.4
97.7
81.5
110.0
189.1
901.2
118.4
284.5
419.7
262.8
138.4
79.7
64.5
57.4
119.7
60.4
61.4
114.4
59.3
67.9
60.2
76.7
64.0
63.2
84.1
59.6
73.7
92.1
61.7
91.4
115.3
88.9
59.3
89.3
90.7
60.7
80.3
99.2
76.3
66.5
66.9
64.0
70.3
51
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 31
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
SD:AVON
SD:BALTIC
SD:BANCROFT
SD:BELLE FOURCHE
SD:BELLE FOURCHE
SD:BELLE FOURCHE
SD:BERESFORD
SD:BOX ELDER
SD:BRANDON
SD:BROOKINGS
SD:BRYANT
SD:BUFFALO GAP
SD:CANISTOTA
SD:CANOVA
SD:CANTON
SD:CHANCELLOR
SD:CLARK
SD:CLEAR LAKE
SD:CONDE
SD:CROOKS
SD:CUSTER
SD:DALLAS
SD:DE SMET
SD:DELL RAPIDS
SD:EDGEMONT
SD:ELK POINT
SD:ERWIN
SD:EUREKA
SD:FLANDREAU
SD:FREEMAN
SD:FT. PIERRE
SD:GREGORY
SD:GROTON
SD:HARTFORD
SD:HERMOSA
SD:HIGHMORE
SD:HOT SPRINGS
SD:HOWARD
SD:IGLOO
SD:IPSWICH
SD:LEMMON
SD:LENNOX
SD:MADISON
SD:MARTIN
SD:MIDLAND
SD:MILLER
SD:MINNEHAHA
SD:MITCHELL
3/ 2/81
2/17/81
12/15/80
12/10/80
12/10/80
12/10/80
2/18/81
12/11/80
2/17/81
12/15/80
12/15/80
12/ 9/80
3/ 3/81
12/17/80
2/18/81
2/18/81
11/20/80
12/16/80
11/19/80
2/17/81
12/ 9/80
3/ 2/81
12/15/80
2/17/81
12/ 9/80
2/18/81
12/15/80
11/17/80
12/16/80
3/ 3/81
1/15/81
3/ 2/81
11/19/80
2/19/81
12/ 9/80
12/14/80
12/ 9/80
12/17/80
12/ 9/80
11/17/80
3/24/81
2/18/81
12/17/80
12/ 8/80
12/11/80
12/15/80
2/19/81
3/ 4/81
578
85
40
4500
50
45
1655
3175
1431
13717
2091
188
624
204
2665
260
1356
1157
259
600
1907
199
1336
1991
1471
1372
1000
1359
2027
1461
1788
1510
1181
1206
248
1173
4731
1175
188
1152
1867
1487
6315
1248
276
2148
4000
45
265.6
1020.8
60.6
1633.0
274.6
861.4
65.2
365.6
484.3
78.8
64.8
586.7
99.4
1058.0
267.9
1412.0
56.7
496.9
114.2
227.8
2653.0
161.1
240.9
1565.5
408.6
211.3
67.9
357.3
556.1
261.6
1113.5
119.6
-105.8
276.3
579.8
223.7
-9.0
493.2
80.9
180.4
459.7
90.7
144.3
217.8
347.8
-0.8
53.9
183.0
59.7
51.1
41.3
81.7
68.8
68.9
72.3
62.0
54.6
44.3
45.6
55.6
87.0
84.6
75.0
84.8
57.1
42.2
68.5
47.8
79.7
49.9
46.7
62.6
60.1
74.0
42.1
57.2
47.1
51.0
66.8
49.0
70.9
58.6
55.0
51.4
53.1
69.1
52.2
54.1
46.0
68.4
73.7
47.5
63.9
42.1
65.0
77.8
52
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 31 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION
DATE SERVED + 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1)
SD:NORTH SIOUX
SD:ORIENT
SD:PARKER
SD:PARKSTON
SD:PHILLIP
SD:PIERRE
SD:PIERRE
SD:PINE RIDGE
SD:PLANKINTON
SD:RAPID CITY
SD:RAPID CITY
SD:REDFIELD
SD:REDFIELD
SD:ROSEBUD
SD:SALEM
SD:SCOTLAND
SD:SIOUX FALLS
SD:SIOUX FALLS
SD:SISSETON
SD:SPEARFISH
SD:TYNDALL
SD:VERMILLION
SD:VIRGIL
SD:VOLGA
SD:WEBSTER
SD:WENTWORTH
SD:WESSINGTON
SD:WHITE
SD:WHITE LAKE
SD:WINNER
SD.-WITTEN
2/18/81
11/20/80
2/18/81
3/ 3/81
12/11/80
11/25/80
1/15/81
12/ 8/80
3/ 4/81
12/10/80
12/11/80
11/20/80
11/20/80
12/ 8/80
3/ 3/81
3/ 3/81
2/19/81
2/19/81
11/18/80
12/10/80
3/ 2/81
2/18/81
12/17/80
12/15/80
11/18/80
12/16/80
SPRI12/17/80
12/16/80
3/ 4/81
3/ 2/81
3/ 2/81
860
89
1005
1611
1088
11966
50
4000
644
350
6000
1100
3006
1500
1486
1022
72488
120
2779
70
1249
9128
43
982
2414
1000
1300
4500
414
3466
1500
678.8
318.2
382.1
648.2
556.8
751.0
422.8
296.9
268.6
268.0
672.0
27.8
179.8
59.6
610.5
157.4
101.9
3649.5
387.1
84.2
263.6
42.0
191.1
400.9
81.8
226.8
668.3
149.7
911.2
115.5
142.4
77.9
58.8
76.3
90.3
58.4
80.6
57.0
47.3
73.7
73.0
67.2
55.7
59.5
46.3
88.4
52.1
62.2
798.8
48.3
69.3
61.6
68.6
64.5
46.0
82.1
75.8
83.4
45.6
82.0
51.0
49.7
53
-------
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
The exte.nal gamma monitoring program, which began in October
1978, provides a continuous measurement of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United States. Data from this program will be used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions and to provide a means of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels due to weapons fallout, reactor
operations, etc. Initially, the program will consist of
approximately 22 sites representing a wide geographic coverage
throughout the country. Hopefully, at some later date additional
sites will be added to the program. Although exposure measurements
at these few sites are not totally representative of nationwide
exposures, they will be indicative of national trends.
The monitoring program utilizes CaFoiMn thermoluminescent
dosimeters (TLD's). These dosimeters are commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields. A group
of four TLD's is located at each station or site. Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in the field.
The dosimeters are returned to EERF for readout on an approximate
one-month cycle. Several dosimeters are annealed by the station
operator as controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.
Results from the period January 1981 through June 1981 are shown
in Tables 32.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED EXPOSURE
LOCATION . DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
MR +/- 2S MICRO R/HR +/- 2S
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA: BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
10581- 20281
20281- 30281
30381- 40281
40381- 50181
50181- 60381
122980- 13081
13081- 30381
30381- 40181
40181- 50181
50181- 60981
60981- 70281
123180- 12981
12981- 30681
30681- 40281
40281- 50581
50581- 62481
62481- 70781
10581- 20481
20481- 30281
30281- 33181
33181- 50181
50181- 60181
60181- 70181
10781- 20281
20281- 30281
30281- 40181
40181- 50181
50181- 60981
10681- 20381
20381- 30681
30681- 40381
40381- 50781
50781- 60581
60581- 70781
123180-. 20381
20381- 30281
30281- 40181
42881- 60981
123180- 20281
20281- 30381
30381- 40181
40181- 50181
50181- 61081
61081- 70681
11481- 20581
20581- 31081
31081- 40781
40781- 50581
50581- 61781
61781- 70281
5.23
5.75
6.22
5.58
7.13
4.38
4.56
3.96
4.45
5.64
3.51
9.44
13.03
9.25
12.08
16.74
5.00
3.77
3.47
3.75
4.15
4.47
4.38
8.60
8.73
9.76
9.26
12.99
4.99
5.35
4.84
5.88
5.18
5.76
11.61
5.47
6.38
4.70
7.59
6.81
8.01
8.01
9.39
6.39
7.52
10.99
9.63
8.71
13.56
4.78
11.9
4.6
4.6
3.4
5.3
15.9
6.7
20.4
9.0
5.4
8.7
8.2
6.7
8.3
3.4
4.3
3.5
29.0
5.8
18.0
6.3
18.0
10.1
7.2
4.0
8.2
7.3
10.0
5.5
4.7
6.8
5.6
15.6
7.8
4.4
4.0
4.5
11.1
4.8
4.2
8.8
4.9
11.0
4.3
3.5
3.4
6.0
9.8
3.3
8.6
7.78
8.55
8.65
8.31
9.00
5.71
5.94
5.69
6.18
6.02
6.36
13.57
15.08
14.27
15.25
13.95
16.02
5.23
5.57
5.39
5.57
6.01
6.08
13.78
12.99
13.56
12.86
13.87
7.43
7.18
7.20
7.20
7.44
7.50
14.22
8.44
8.86
4.66
9.59
9.79
11.51
11.12
9.78
10.24
14.25
13.88
14.33
12.96
13.14
13.29
11.9
4.6
4.6
3.4
5.3
15.9
6.7
20.4
9.0
5.4
8.7
8.2
6.7
8.3
3.4
4.3
3.5
29.0
5.8
18.0
6.3
is.o ;
10.1
7.2
4.0
8.2
7.3
10.0
5.5
4.7
6.8
5.6
15.6
7.8
4.4
4.0
4.5
11.1
4.8
4.2
8.8
4.9
11.0
4.3
3.5
3.4
6.0
9.8
3.3
8.6
55
-------
TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED EXPOSURE
LOCATION DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
MR +/- 2S MICRO R/HR +/- 2S
NVrLAS VEGAS
NVrLAS VEGAS
NVrLAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NVrLAS VEGAS
NY rNEW YORK
NYrNEW YORK
NYrNEW YORK
NYrNEW YORK
NYrNEW YORK
NY rNEW YORK
OHrCOLUMBUS
OHrCOLUMBUS
OHrCOLUMBUS
OHrCOLUMBUS
OHrCOLUMBUS
OHrCOLUMBUS
OKrOKLAHOMA CITY
OKrOKLAHOMA CITY
OK rOKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OKrOKLAHOMA CITY
OKrOKLAHOMA CITY
ORrPORTLAND
ORrPORTLAND
ORrPORTLAND
ORrPORTLAND
ORrPORTLAND
ORrPORTLAND
PArHARRISBURG
PArHARRISBURG
PArHARRISBURG
PArHARRISBURG
PArHARRISBURG
PArPITTSBURGH
PArPITTSBURGH
PArPITTSBURGH
RlrPROVIDENCE
RlrPROVIDENCE
RlrPROVIDENCE
RlrPROVIDENCE
RlrPROVIDENCE
RlrPROVIDENCE
SCrBARNWELL
SCrBARNWELL
SCrBARNWELL
SCrBARNWELL
SCrBARNWELL
SCrBARNWELL
123180- 13081
13081- 30281
30281- 40181
40181- 50181
50181- 60881
60881- 71481
10881- 20981
20981- 30481
30481- 40381
40381- 50681
50681- 61181
61181- 70881
10281- 12881
12881- 30481
30481- 40281
40281- 42981
42981- 61181
61181- 70681
10781- 20481
20481- 30981
30981- 40781
40781- 50781
50781- 61081
61081- 70981
10781- 20981
20981- 30581
30581- 40181
40181- 50481
50481- 61181
61181- 70281
20581- 30281
30281- 40281
40281- 50481
50481- 60581
60581- 70681
30581- 50481
50481- 60481
60481- 70181
11281- 21081
21081- 31381
31381- 41581
41581- 50481
50481- 60981
60981- 70781
11581- 12981
12981- 30381
30381- 40381
40281- 50781
50781- 60481
60481- 70181
5.17
4.82
4.77
4.89
6.36
6.12
6.39
4.27
5.63
6.36
6.55
4.96
4.37
6.12
4.91
4.74
7.44
4.35
5.47
6.43
5.61
5.69
6.63
5.51
6.16
4.33
5.20
6.08
6.84
3.82
4.29
4.58
4.91
5.39
4.91
18.81
9.31
8.58
7.04
7.37
8.38
4.37
8.77
7.26
2.59
6.35
5.58
6.81
5.22
5.49
5.6
4.1
8.5
13.3
4.6
3.9
9.1
6.3
6.0
7.1
14.3
4.4
8.6
5.2
6.2
6.5
5.2
15.8
3.9
6.7
5.1
6.6
4.4
7.7
14.3
4.9
4.7
4.1
13.9
5.1
5.0
11.7
14.5
6.6
4.3
4.1
3.9
4.2
12.1
4.1
4.2
13.2
6.9
5.4
5.2
6.8
18.8
4.5
6.6
13.5
7.19
6.48
6.62
6.79
6.98
7.08
8.32
7.74
7.81
8.03
7.58
7.65
7.00
7.29
7.05
7.31
7.21
7.24
8.14
8.12
8.06
7.91
8.13
7.91
7.78
7.51
8.02
7.68
7.50
7.57
7.15
6.15
6.39
7.02
6.60
13.06
12.51
13.24
10.12
9.90
10.58
9.58
10.14
10.80
7.72
8.02
7.50
8.11
7.77
8.47
5.6
4.1
8.5
13.3
4.6
3.9
9.1
6.3
6.0
7.1
14.3
4.4
8.6
5.2
6.2
6.5
5.2
15.8
3.9
6.7
5.1
6.6
4.4
7.7
14.3
4.9
4.7
4.1
13.9
5.1
5.0
11.7
14.5
6.6
4.3
4.1
3.9
4.2
12.1
4.1
4.2
13.2
6.9
5.4
5.2
6.8
18.8
4.5
6.6
13.5
-------
TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED ., EXPOSURE
LOCATION DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND.
VA:RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
VT(:M6NTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT.-MONTPELIER
MR +/- 2S MICRO R/HR +/- 2S
123080-
13081-
30381-
40381-
42881-
60281-
122380-
13081-
30381-
33081-
42781-
60181-
123180-
20381-
30381-
40181-
50181-
60881-
120480-
12081-
21081-
30581-
41081-
51181-
61781-
13081
30381
40381
42881
60281
63081
13081
30381
33081
42781
60181
62981
20381
30381
40181
50181
60881
70181
12081
21081
30581
41081
51181
61781
71081
6
6
6
5
7
6
8
6
6
6
8
6
6
4
5
6
7
5
9
3
4
7
6
7
4
.39
.86
.52
.42
.65
.01
.54
.86
.14
.19
.12
.61
.03
.81
.47
.02
.02
.09
.10
.51
.22
.04
.29
.85
.49
6
3
11
3
3
3
6
4
5
13
3
5
12
4
5
4
12
6
6
8
15
4
4
4
14
.3
.8
.8
.8
.9
.9
.1
.6
.6
.0
.3
.4
.5
.9
.2
.5
.4
.7
.7
.1
.0
.2
.0
.7
.6
8
8
8
9
9
8
9
8
9
9
9
9
7
7
7
8
7
9
8
6
7
8
8
54
8
.59
.94
.76
.03
.11
.94
.37
.94
.47
.21
.96
.84
.39
.16
.86
.36
.70
.23
.07
.97
.65
.15
.46
.55
.14
6
3
11
3
3
3
6
4
5
13
3
5
12
4
5
4
12
6
6
8
15
4
4
4
14
.
.
3
8
8
8
9
9
1
6
6
0
3
4
5
9
2
5
4
7
7
1
0
2
0
7
6
E 2 SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
57
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
This is a cooperative program of the EPA, ORP and the Dairy and
Lipid Products Branch, Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug
Administration. Milk is a reliable indicator of the general
populations intake of radionuclides since it is consumed by a large
segment of the population and contains several of the biologically
important contaminants resulting from environmental releases from
nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain
reliable monitoring data relative to current radionuclide
concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with one or
more located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal. These
are composite samples representing more than 80 percent of the milk
consumed in major population centers.
These samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium-140,
cesium-137, and potassium. All 65 samples are analyzed annually in
July for strontium-89, and strontium-90. Also, for the first month
of the three quarters beginning January, April and October, 10
regional composite samples of milk made up from the states within
each of EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for strontium-89 and
strontium-90.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are determined
by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate which has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.
The values from the pasteurized milk samples for January - June
1981 are shown in Tables 33 - 38. Strontium values from regional
composite samples collected January 1981 and April 1981 are shown in
Table 39-40.
Tritium in Milk
It was previously proposed to analyze all 65 milk samples for
tritium in the aqueous and organic phases, on an annual basis (on the
April sample). The EERF is currently evaluating alternative
analytical techniques anticipating that these analyses will begin
during the coming year.
58
-------
TABLE 33
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1981
LOCATION
AK:PALMER
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CArLOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME .-PORTLAND
MIrDETROIT
HI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER '
NJ:TRENTON
DATE
K
COLLECTED g/1
1/10/81
I/
11
II
11
II
If
11
I/
8/81
5/81
8/81
8/81
8/81
7/81
5/81
1/81
1/12/81
11
11
7/81
8/81
1/20/81
I/
I/
11
If
I/
I/
5/81
7/81
6/81
5/81
7/81
6/81
1/14/81
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
I/
6/81
2/81
6/81
8/81
5/81
8/81
9/81
7/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
1/26/81
I/
I/
I/
9/81
5/81
8/81
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.35
.39
.33
.40
.60
.38
.40
.49
.72
.37
.43
.45
.50
.39
.60
.49
.34
.48
.40
.32
.42
.50
.30
.43
.49
.48
.38
.40
.39
.44
.24
.56
.36
.47
.39
+
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.22
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
.22
.12
.12
.08
.22
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08 .
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.08
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
137Cs
pCi/l+e
1.
4.
5.
-3.
4.
1.
2..
3.
8.
-3.
18.
0.
6.
4.
19.
3.
3.
-6.
2.
4.
2..'
4..
5.
0.
0.
3.
5.
3.
0.
0.
10.
0.
3.
4.
4.
15.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7..
7.
15.
7.
7.
5.
15.
7.
5.
7.
7.
..7.
1 r 5 .
5.
7..
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
140
pCi/l+e
-7.
-4.
-4.
2.
0.
-5.
-4.
1.
-3.
-2.
-5.
1.
1.
0.
-22.
-2.
2.
0.
0.
-4.
-7.
-6.
-4.
-4.
-4.
0.
5.
-1.
-2.
-3".
11.
-11.
1.
-3.
0.
19.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
20.
8.
8.
6.
19.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
. 6.
6.
20.
8.
8.
8.
8.
131I
pCi/l+e
5.
2.
2.
""" J
3.
-3.
-5.
-3.
-1.
0.
-1.
1.
5.
1.
-8.
7.
0.
2.
3.
4.
0.
1.
3.
3.
2.
-6.
-1.
3.
5.
2.
4.
3.
-3.
9.
2.
13.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
5.
13.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
59
-------
TABLE 33 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1981
LOCATION
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NVrLAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
OH:CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 5/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 7/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 7/81
1/15/81
1/16/81
1/14/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 5/81
1/13/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 8/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 2/81
I/ 5/81
I/ 5/81
1/12/81
I/ 6/81
I/ 5/81
1/15/81
K
8/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.38
.38
.43
.38
.35
.51
.47
.40
.44
.37
.50
.33
.34
.39
.48
.50
.39
.49
.35
.43
.44
.40
.38
.49
.31
.41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.22
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
rCs
pCl/l+e
3.
3.
0.
7.
9.
4.
7.
-5.
-1.
3.
6.
0.
14.
-1.
6.
8.
5.
2.
5.
1.
14.
4.
0.
-1.
9.
0.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
I HI
'Ba
pCi/l+e
2.
-5.
-2.
-5.
-3.
3.
-14.
-2.
-1.
-6.
-4.
-1.
1.
4.
-2.
-3.
0.
-2.
4.
-7.
-1.
-2.
4.
-7.
6.
1.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
20.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
20.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
uj
I
pCi/l+e
6.
6.
5.
4.
-1.
0.
-11.
1.
2.
2.
2.
1.
9.
-1.
6.
1.
0.
-1.
3.
0.
-2.
-1.
0.
4.
-4.
3.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
60
-------
TABLE 34
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CArLOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DErWILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
DATE
COLLECTED
21
21
21
2/
2/
21
11
5/81
2/81
5/81
5/81
2/81
4/81
1/81
2/24/81
21
21
21
2/81
3/81
5/81
2/10/81
21
21
3/81
2/81
2/25/81
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
2/81
2/81
6/81
3/81
9/81
3/81
6/81
3/81
5/81
2/81
4/81
6/81
4/81
5/81
2/81
2/81
2/24/81
21
21
21
6/81
2/81
5/81
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K
g/1
.43
.31
.31
.51
.33
.44
.28
.39
.36
.31
.47
.36
.40
.37
.46
.38
.41
.44
.44
.38
.39
.45
.41
.43
.38
.38
.44
.41
.34
.48
.25
.37
.32
.43
.42
+
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.21
.12
.12
.12
.12
'Cs
pCi/l+e
0.
4.
3.
0.
2.
-1.
2.
3.
1.
-1.
3.
0.
4.
0.
-2.
2.
0.
1.
5.
4.
1.
-4.
3.
0.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
1.
-6.
2.
-3.
4.
-3.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
14.
7.
7.
7.
7.
1H\
JBa
pCi/l+e
1.
3.
-7.
-5.
-5.
-2.
-3.
-9.
-4.
-2.
-1.
5.
0.
-3.
-2.
-8.
-5.
-12.
-2.
-9.
-8.
2.
-1.
-7.
-5.
-8.
-2.
0.
-9.
-6.
-20.
0.
-3.
"" /
-5.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
20.
8.
8.
8.
20.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8,
6.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
i j.
LI
pCi/l+e
-4.
3.
-1.
4.
-2.
-1.
2.
3.
-2.
-2.
5.
2.
-3.
0.
-11.
-1.
-5.
2.
-3.
-2.
1.
-3.
-4.
2.
-1.
1.
2.
-2.
1.
-9.
-12.
-2.
6.
-2.
-3.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
'7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
61
-------
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1981
LOCATION
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY .-BUFFALO
NYrNEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA-.PITTSBURGH
PC'.CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
2/24/81
2/23/81
21 2/81
21 2/81
2f 3/81
21 9/81
21 2/81
2/ 2/81
21 4/81
2/11/81
2/13/81
2/10/81
21 5/81
2/ 2/81
21 3/81
2/ 5/81
2/ 2/81
21 2/81
2/ 6/81
21 3/81
2/ 2/81
2/ 2/81
21 3/81
2/ 3/81
2/17/81
K
g/l±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.34
.44
.31
.46
.35
.41
.33
.45
.42
.55
.51
.39
.33
.40
.37
.40
.41
.36
.54
.31
.31
.38
.45
.34
.48
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.08
.12
.22
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
Cs
pCi/l+e
-2.
0.
1.
0.
3.
-1.
2.
1.
0.
12.
-1.
7.
-2.
2.
-1.
1.
2.
-2.
2.
0.
-2.
0.
2.
0.
2.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
15.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
IHV.
Ba
pCi/l+e
-3.
3.
-7.
-2.
-5.
-6.
-7.
-3.
-4.
-3.
-3.
-2.
-3.
-4.
7
-4.
-11.
-7.
3.
-9.
-3.
-5.
-4.
-4.
-2.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
6.
6.
8.
19.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
i. ji
I
pCi/l+e
3.
-2.
1.
-1.
-3.
-2.
-3.
1.
-2.
-2.
-1.
0.
-2.
-5.
1.
-3.
1.
0.
-5.
-13.
0.
-1.
-3.
-6.
0.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
5.
7.
13.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
62
-------
TABLE 35
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1981
LOCATION
AK:PALMER
AL:MONTGOMERY
ARrLITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CArLOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME: PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
DATE
COLLECTED
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
4/81
5/81
2/81
5/81
9/81
3/81
4/81
3/81
6/81
3/16/81
3/
2/81
3/23/81
3/
3/
3/
3/81
5/81
3/81
3/11/81
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
2/81
2/81
4/81
3/81
4/81
2/81
6/81
2/81
5/81
3/81
5/81
6/81
4/81
2/81
2/81
2/81
3/17/81
3/
3/
6/81
2/81
K
g/l±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.49
.37
.39
.41
.42
.40
.33
.47
.43
.29
.33
.31
.33
.45
.49
.44
.45
.37
.28
.36
.34
.35
.46
.46
.44
.43
.45
.47
.36
.41
.47
.39
.40
.22
.42
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
.08
.12
.12
.22
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.22
.08
.08
.08
Cs
pCi/l+e
2.
3.
6.
-2.
1.
1.
3.
5.
-1.
7.
19.
5.
2.
7.
-1.
-2.
2.
3.
5.
1.
7.
3.
6.
3.
3.
6.
0.
-1.
-3.
5.
1.
13.
2.
2.
4.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
5.
7.
7.
15.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
5.
5.
5.
J.H V
Ba
pCi/l+e
-6.
-4.
-2.
-5.
-5.
0.
-2.
-1.
-6.
0.
-5.
-4.
-9.
0.
-1.
-1.
-2.
-5.
4.
-2.
-5.
4.
-3.
-1.
-8.
-11.
-1.
-1.
1.
2.
-2.
*}
0.
-4.
-1.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
6.
8.
8.
20.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
20.
6.
6.
6.
L j j
LI
pCi/l+e
0.
-2.
-2.
1.
2.
-3.
-2.
0.
4.
1.
-9.
0.
1.
1.
2.
0.
0.
0.
5.
-1.
0.
-3.
-5.
1.
0.
-1.
2.
-5.
-2.
0.
5.
-12.
0.
-2.
-4.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
5.
7.
7.
13.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
5.
5.
5.
63
-------
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1981
LOCATION
NJ:TRENTON
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OHCINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SDrRAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
5/81
2/81
2/81
2/81
4/81
9/81
2/81
2/81
2/81
9/81
3/13/81
3/12/81
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
3/
5/81
2/81
9/81
5/81
3/81
2/81
6/81
5/81
6/81
2/81
5/81
5/81
2/81
3/16/81
K
g/l±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.44
.39
.41
.49
.39
.40
.40
.41
.40
.35
.39
.42
.32
.41
.26
.39
.38
.38
.55
.44
.40
.44
.33
.37
.41
.41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.08
.08
.12
.12
.22
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
rCs
pCi/l+e
3.
4.
2.
9.
1.
3.
2.
-2.
0.
17.
3.
5.
0.
2.
3.
7.
1.
2.
-2.
3.
3.
7.
1.
-1.
0.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
5.
7.
7.
15.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
J.«+V
'Ba
pCi/l+e
1.
0.
0.
0.
-8.
-8.
-4.
0.
-2.
1.
-3.
-7.
-4.
-4.
-2.
-1.
-4.
-3.
-5.
-7.
-5.
-1.
3.
4.
-2.
-3.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
6.
6.
8.
8.
19.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
ijj
LI
pCi/l+e
-1.
-2.
-3.
1.
-1.
-1.
-3.
-2.
-4.
2.
4.
4.
0.
3.
-2.
-4.
-4.
-2.
1.
-1.
-4.
0.
3.
-2.
2.
3.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
5.
7.
7.
13.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
64
-------
TABLE 36
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
APRIL 1981
LOCATION
AK:ANCHORAGE
AL:MONTGOMERY
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
COrDENVER
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DErWILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
DATE
COLLECTED
4/28/81
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
9/81
7/81
9/81
2/81
1/81
1/81
4/30/81
4/
4/
6/81
3/81
4/15/81
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
6/81
7/81
7/81
6/81
8/81
6/81
6/81
8/81
7/81
2/81
7/81
3/81
7/81
9/81
6/81
1/81
4/10/81
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
8/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
7/81
4/10/81
4/
4/
4/
4/
6/81
2/81
6/81
1/81
4/21/81
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
6/81
6/81
6/81
7/81
6/81
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K
g/1 +
.47
.32
.36
.40
.40
.27
.30
.36
.40
.41
.34
.38
.39
.50
.38
.40
.38
.40
.35
.32
.36
.38
.46
.39
.30
.34
.38
.38
.30
.37
.39
.21
.35
.42
.41
.40
.34
.33
.39
.39
.36
.31
.33
.36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12.
.12
.08
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.22
.21
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
137Cg
pCi/l+e
9.
5.
-5..
-3.
-2.
2.
0.
2.
1.
2.
-1.
13.
-1.
12.
-3.
-6.
-2.
0.
0.
3.
7.
3.
0.
6.
1.
-3.
1.
0.
-1.
-1.
-3.
-1.
2.
1.
-1.
0.
1.
-3.
-1.
2.
-5.
-3.
2.
0.
7.
7.
6.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
14.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
15.
15.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
pCi/l+e
-3.
-9.
-7.
-3.
-4.
-1.
-4.
2.
-16.
-7.
-1.
-9.
-2.
-7.
-7.
-20.
-6.
-4.
-5.
-5.
-5.
-6.
-2.
-4.
-3.
4.
-6.
-5.
-3.
-6.
-12.
-17.
-10.
-8.
-5.
-7.
-8.
-7.
-7.
-3.
2.
-3.
-4.
-4.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8,
8.
6. ..
8.
10.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
19.
19.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
pCi/l+e
0.
-2.
0.
. 0.
1.
-2.
-2.
0.
-3.
-2*
-2.
1.
-4.
-6.
. ' 3.-
-4.
-4.
2.
-2.
-1.
0.
-1.
-3.
2.
-3.
-4.
-3.
-2.
1.
2.
-6.
-4.
2.
-1.
1.
0.
-4.
-1.
-8.
-3.
-5.
0.
1.
-1.
7.
7.
7.
7.
.7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7..
7:
13;
7.
7.
7.
7..
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
13.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
65
-------
TABLE 36 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
APRIL 1981
LOCATION
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WYrLARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
4/ 6/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 8/81
4/10/81
4/22/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 9/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 3/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 6/81
4/ 2/81
4/ 6/81
4/15/81
K J
8/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.34
.39
.42
.44
.37
.33
.39
.34
.42
.33
.41
.48
.36
.48
.48
.24
.34
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.12
Cs
pCi/l+e
-3.
3.
3.
6.
1.
10.
3.
0.
4.
3.
2.
7.
0.
4.
-1.
-2.
1.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
J.HV
'Ba
pCi/l+e
-8.
-4.
-3.
-1.
-5.
-2.
-10.
-6.
-7.
-16.
-6.
-4.
-3.
-4.
-6.
-3.
-11.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
10.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
JLJJ.
I
pCi/l+e
1.
-2.
-1.
-8.
-5.
8.
-5.
-2.
1.
1.
-1.
-2.
-2.
-4.
-6.
0.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
66
-------
TABLE 37
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MAY 1981
LOCAT1JN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CArLOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER'
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS: JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY .-BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OHCINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
DATE
COLLECTED
5/
5/
5/
7/81
4/81
6/81
5/12/81
5/
5/
4/81
5/81
5/27/81
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
4/81
1/81
4/81
4/81
5/81
4/81
6/81
4/81
4/81
6/81
5/81
1/81
5/81
1/81
6/81
7/81
4/81
5/81
8/81
6/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
5/26/81
5/
5/
5/
8/81
4/81
7/81
5/11/81
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
5/
4/81
4/81
4/81
5/81
6/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
6/81
K
8/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.42
.33
.47
.44
.42
.40
.33
.36
.31
.37
.35
.43
.36
.72
.42
.34
.28
.41
.35
.38
.44
.65
.32
.35
.39
.45
.39
.38
.47
.39
.40
.24
.39
.43
.49
.44
.40
.46
.47
.41
.38
.37
.32
.33
0.
0.
0.
0.
0'.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
e
12
08
12
12
12
12 '
12
12
12
12
12
08'
12
23
12
12
12
08
12
08
08
22
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
12
12
08
12
08
12
12
08
12
12
Cs
pCi/l+e
6.
' 5.
1.
-1.
-6.
0.
0.
4.
4.
0.
12.
5.
6.
6.
1.
4.
7.
0.
4.
4.
1.
8.
-1.
. 6.
2.
-1.
0.
4.
1.
20.
-1 .
5.
7.
-2.
0.
3.
2.
3.
5.
-1.
6.
2.
3.
1.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
5.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
LHV
'Ba
pCi/l+e
-6.
0.
-7.
-9.
-2.
-4.
-1.
0.
-4.
-5.
-5.
-4.
-6.
-20.
-6.
2.
-5.
-2.
-4.
-4.
-3.
-15.
-6.
2.
2.
-6.
-2.
-3.
-1.
-16.
-3.
-1.
3.
-3.
0.
-5.
-2.
-8.
-4.
-5.
-1.
-6.
-4.
-4.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
6.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
i j i
I
pCi/l+e
-1.
0.
-1.
2.
1.
4.
-1.
-1.
-2.
1.
-1.
2.
-1.
0.
2.
1.
3.
0.
-5.
-2.
0.
3.
1.
1.
1.
-1.
-2.
4.
2.
-3.
2.
-6.
-2.
1.
-1.
1.
-1.
2.
-2.
1.
0.
0.
-3.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
5.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
'67
-------
TABLE 37 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MAY 1981
LOCATION
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
5/ 7/81
5/15/81
5/11/81
5/ 7/81
5/ 4/81
5/11/81
5/ 7/81
5/ 4/81
5/ 4/81
5/ 4/81
5/ 4/81
5/ 4/81
5/ 5/81
5/ 1/81
5/ 4/81
5/14/81
K
g/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.42
.41
.38
.40
.39
.42
.35
.44
.45
.40
.43
.38
.46
.38
.37
.40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
Cs
pCi/l+e
12.
1.
8.
-1.
5.
5.
9.
1.
-2.
2.
5.
3.
3.
-2.
6.
2.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
itu
Ba
pCi/l+e
-8.
-9.
-7.
-4.
5.
-6.
-4.
-3.
-4.
-1.
-5.
-2.
-7.
-1.
0.
-9.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
i ji
I
pCi/l+e
-2.
-2.
3.
0.
0.
-1.
1.
-2.
0.
-3.
0.
1.
2.
0.
2.
-1.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
68
-------
TABLE 38
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JUNE 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ: PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
COrDENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS: JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH: MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY .-SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
DATE
COLLECTED
6/ 7/81
6/ 1/81
6/11/81
6/ 9/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 5/81
6/30/81
6/ 8/81
6/ 5/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 1/81
6/10/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 8/81
6/ 8/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 9/81
6/ 5/81
6/ 2/8.1
6/11/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 3/81
6/12/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 8/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 1/81
6/29/81
6/12/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 4/81
6/30/81
6/16/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 1/81
6/10/81
6/ 8/81
. 6/ 1/81
6/ 8/81
6/ 8/81
6/10/81
6/ 9/81
K
8/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.35
.39
.38
.43
.38
.40
.37
.41
.42
.36
.37
.39
.36
.38
.41
.31
.43
.33
.40
.42
.38
.41
.47
.42
.44
.29
.37
.47
.34
.41
.23
.40
.37
.31
.39
.36
.39
.40
.38
.31
.34
.38
.50
.33
0.
e
12
0.12
0.
12
0.12
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
08
12
12
1'2
12
08
08
12
12
22
12
12
08
12
12
12
08
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
22
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
137r
Cs
pCi/l+e
5
10
-3
4
2
1
. 4
4
3
' 1
11
16
0
-1
0
9
5
6
7
2
6
-4
1
4
6
5
3
2
2
3
2
3
11
0
6
5
2
-4
6
5
3
3
7
7
*
*
*
«
*
7.
7.
7. ,
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7. .
5.
5.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
14°Ba
pCi/l+e
-3.
-4.
-2.
-1.
-2.
0.
5.
-3.
3.
-2.
-6.
-5.
-2.
-3.
-4.
. . -3.
-2.
-7.
-7.
3.
0.
-3.
-5.
-2.
-3.
-5.
-1.
-5.
-5.
-5.
-6.
-1.
-1.
2.
-7.
-6.
-2.
-8.
-1.
0.
-8.
-6.
-6.
-3.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6..
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
6.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
131I
pCi/l+e
'-3.
1.
-4.
-3.
0..
2.
-7.
0.
0.
2..
2.
-1.
0.
-4.
1.
2.
0.
-3.
3.
-1.
0.
-2.
2.
0.
-4.
3.
2.
0.
""j .
-1 .
0.
1.
-1.
2.
4.
0.
0.
-3.
0.
1.
-1.
-2.
-1.
-7.
"7.
7.
. 7'.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
5.
.7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
69
-------
TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JUNE 1981
LOCATION
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SDrRAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TNrKNOXVILLE
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
6/15/81
6/24/81
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
6/
5/81
8/81
8/81
4/81
5/81
8/81
1/81
1/81
6/81
2/81
6/16/81
K
8/1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.40
.51
.40
.29
.41
.36
.31
.41
.43
.45
.34
.38
.31
+
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e
.12
.22
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
137Cs
pCi/l+e
-2.
-1.
3.
1.
4.
4.
-2.
4.
10.
5.
-6.
6.
1.
7.
15.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
140fia
pCi/l+e
-7.
-6.
-4.
4.
-3.
-2.
-4.
-4.
-9.
-3.
2.
-4.
-5.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
131j
pCi/l+e
-2.
6.
3.
-1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
-4.
-1.
1.
-1.
-2.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
70
-------
TABLE 39
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES
JANUARY 1981
89Sr
pCi/1 + e*
0. 5.
0. 5.
0. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
1. 5.
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
e* ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
EPA
REGION
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
90Sr
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/15/31
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/15/81
1/17/91
pCi/1
2.6
2.9
3.8
2.4
2.5
2.8
2.3
1.8
0.7
1.7
± e
1.0
1.0
1.3
0.9
0.8
1.0
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.9
71
-------
TABLE 40
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES
APRIL 1981.
EPA
REGION
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
4/15/81
S.r
pCi/1 + e
4.5 1.0
2.9 0.9
2.5 0.8
2.7 0.8
3.7 1.2
3.0 0.8
3.4 1.1
2.5 1.1
1.1 0.8
1.8 0.8
Sr
pCi/1 + e*
-1. 5.
2. 5.
2. 5.
2. 5.
1 . 5 .
3. 5.
0. 5.
0. 5.
0. 5.
1. 5.
2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
72
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Milk
Ten milk sampling sites near plutonium handling facilities, plus
2 sites chosen for background information, are analyzed annually for
plutonium and uranium. Analytical techniques approximate those used
for air filters.
Only plutonium analyses were performed on the 1974 samples, but
due to increased emphasis on levels of natural radioactivity, uranium
analyses were included for 1975 - 1976 samples. Data for samples
collected April 1978 were reported in ERD 14.
Iodine-129 in Milk
These analyses were designed to assess environmental levels of
iodine-129 around nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. Annual
samples collected from Montgomery, Alabama (background); Idaho
Falls, Idaho; Chicago, Illinois; Buffalo, New York; and
Charleston, South Carolina; are analyzed for iodine-129 and stable
iodine-127. Results for 1978 were reported in ERD 17.
Carbon-14 in Milk
Nine stations, chosen for wide geographical distribution,
contribute milk samples for annual analysis for carbon-14. These
samples have monitored the carbon-14 levels in the food chain
resulting from nuclear testing.
Analysis consists of combusting the samples and measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.
The results of carbon-14 analysis on samples collected during
May 1974 were reported in ERD Report 2, September 1975.
73
-------
SECTION V. Human Bone Program
The Human Bone Program (formerly Human Bone Network) began
operation in 1961 to obtain data on the concentration of strontium-90
in man by age and geographical region. The target population for
this network is comprised of children and young adults up to 25 years
of age. The bone specimens were limited to accident victims or
persons who had died of an acute disease process that was not likely
to impair bone metabolism.,
The following are operational characteristics of this program:
All samples are composited according to age and geographical
locations.
Strontium-90, plutonium-238 and -239, and calcium analyses are
performed annually on the composite samples.
No additional bone samples were procured past FY-75. Analysis
of samples on hand will be completed and results evaluated.
74
-------
SECTION VI. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
Air and Milk Program
An agreement was made in 1962 with the Pan American Health
Organization (PAHO) to develop a collaborative program for furnishing
assistance to health authorities in the Americas for developing
programs of radiological health. The agreement provided limited
quantities of essential equipment on a loan basis to PAHO which were
needed to establish surveillance programs, and also provided the
requisite laboratory services for analysis of air particulates, milk,
water, and other samples. Technical advice was given on research
designs for radiological health programs.
Analyses prior to January 1977 Included the following:
Milk - 4 monthly samples analyzed for gamma-emitting
radionuclides, strontium-89, -90.
Air particulates - 12 stations with daily samples analyzed for
gross beta.
Beginning January 1, 1977, the PAHO Air Program was discontinued
and milk sampling was reduced to quarterly collection.
The PAHO programs are included organizationally as an ancillary
function of the ERAMS.
Results of the Pan American surface air partlculate analyses for
October - December 1976 were reported in ERD 8.
Results of the Pan American milk quarterly analyses for October
- December 1978 were reported in ERD 16.
75
-------
DATA - STATE AGENCIES
Radiolbgic Health Section
California Department of Health
California Air Sampling Program
The Radiologic Health Section of the California Department of
Health with the assistance of several cooperating agencies maintains
a statewide air s'ampling network. One of the objectives of this
program is to measure and evaluate the contribution of fixed effluent
sources to particulate activity in the air. Data from air samplers
placed in proximity to nuclear facilities are compared with
information obtained from similar equipment in communities close to
the facilities and at several "background" or control stations.
Airborne particles are collected by a continuous sampling of air
filtered through a 47 millimeter membrane filter, 0.8'micrometer pore
size, using a Cast air pump that provides ah average sampling rate of
40 liters per minute. Air volumes are measured with a direct reading
gas meter. Filters are replaced when approximately.'300 cubic meters
of air are collected, i.e., on a weekly or semi-weekly schedule.
Charcoal cartridges mounted behind the filters at 10 of the 18
stations'are replaced weekly.
All air samples, are sent to the Department's Sanitation and
Radiation Laboratory, where the filters are analyzed for gross beta
radioactivity 72 hours after collection. Alpha activity is
determined weekly on ashed filters. Gamma spectroscopy and an
analysis for strontium-89 and strontium-90 are normally performed on
quarterly composites from each location; Immediate gamma scans are
run on any samples for which abnormal gross activity values are
observed. Charcoal cartridges are analyzed for radioiodines by gamma
spectroscopy as soon as received.
A monthly summary of gross alpha and beta radioactivity in
California air for January - March 1981 are shown in Tables 41-43.
Radionuclides in composites of California air for the fourth
quarter of 1980 are reported in Table 44.
76
-------
TABLE 41
MONTHLY .c;i.T";.\!>Y
OF GROSS ALPHA AND'BETA RADIOACTIVITY I'l CALIFORNIA AIR
(Alpha, fCi/m''; i'-fta, fCi/rn'!)
January 19JJ
Month Vo'ir
Station
ALPIL\
UI-1TA
Eureka
Humboldt Hill
Redding
Sacramento
Sancho Seco
Vallejo
Berkeley
Livermore
Salinas
San Luis Obispo
Diablo Canyon
Bakersfield
Los Angeles
San Onofre
San Diepo
Barstow
El Centre
Summary
No. of
Samples
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
-
4
4
4
4
4
64
Max.
1.3
2.1
6.3
3.6
2.8
6.4
2.4
9.3
14.4
2.9
4.9
-
7.7
4.1
4.3
3.4
25.7
25.7
Min.
.1
.1
.5
.7
.1
1.2
.5
.6
.5
.1
2.0
-
2.1
1.9
.9
.5
3.3
.1
Ay era," en
Mean
.8
.8
2.6
1.6
1.5
2.5
1.4
3.5
5.3
1.4
3.6
-
4.4
2.6
2.3
2.1
9.8
2.9
_
.6
.5
1.6
.5
.6
1.1
.7
1.0
1.1
.6
1.6
.-
1.3
1.2
1.3
.8
2.0
1.0
iio. of
Sampler;
8
8
8
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
4
-
8
4
7
9
8
119
Max.
390
380
890
200
380
370
1220
400
460
840
700
-
540
310
670
590
630
1220
Min.
50
50
100
20
80
80
220
100
80
60
250
-
140
170
300
70
240
20
Ay frames
Kean
230
210
460
110
230
210
500
280
270
340
500
-
280
230
450
350
410
320
1
10
10
30
10
10
10
20
10
10
10
20
-
10
10
20
20
20
10
Source: California State Department of Health Servicon
77
-------
TABLE 42
MONTHLY SUMMARY
OF GROSS ALPHA AND BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN CALIFORNIA AIR
(Alpha, fCi/m5; Beta, fCi/m'')
February 1981
Month Year
Station
ALPHA
Eureka
Humboldt Hill
Redding
Sacramento
Rancho Seco
Vallejo
Berkeley
Livermcre
Salinas
San Luis Ob.ir.po
Diablo Canyon
Bakersfield
Los Angeles
Sari Onofre
San Diego
Barstow
El Centre
Summary
No. of
Samples
4'
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4 :
4
-
4
4
4
4
4
64
Max .
.8
1.2
1.1
2.1
5.3
1.4
3.1
5.4
9.7
2.6
11.0
-
3.9
3.8
4.0
3.5
12.7
12.7
Min.
.2
.5
.4
.2
.6
.2
1.0
.1
.3
.5
.7
-
.9
.3
.5
1.0
2.1
.1
A v era Pie R
Mean
.4
. .8
.8
.8
2.9
.7
1.6
1.9
3.8
1.4
5.0
-
2.5
2.2
1.7
2.3
5.8
2.2
-i
.4
.4
.7
.5
.8
.6
?.8
.8
1.0
.9
1.9
-
.9!
1.4
1.0
.8
1.6
.9
:io. of
Snmplo.?
8
8
8
8
8
7
8
8
7
7
4
-
8
4
8
8
7
116
Max.
230
300
680
240
410
390
490
.. 350
580
390
720
-
710
430
1160
590
580
1160
Mir. .
50
50
190
50
90
110
160
. 170
90
180
380
-
220
250
260
240
230
50
Aver apes
Mean
150
170
440
140
260
230
300
270
300
290
590
-
420
330
860
440
390
350
t
10
10
20
10
10
10
30
10
10
10
20
-
20
10
30
20
10
10
Source: California State Department of Health Services
78
-------
TABLE 43
MONTHLY SUMMARY
OF GROSS ALPHA AND BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN CALIFORNIA AIH
(Alpha, fCi/m-5; Beta, fCi/m;)
March
Month
Year
Station
ALPHA
E;-;TA
Eureka
Humboldt Hill
Redding
Sacramento
Rancho Seco
Vallejo
Berkeley
Livertnore
Salinas
San Luis Obispo
Diablo Canyon
Bakersfield
Los Angeles
San Cnofrc
San Diego
Barstow
El Centre
Summary
No. of
Samples
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
64
Max.
2.1
.5
2.6
1.1
2.5
1.4
1.2
4.3
3.4
1.0
4.0
1.3
2.0
2.9
1.4
2.1
3.8
4.3
Min.
.4
.1
.5
.2
.1
.4
.3
.2
.4
.6
.8
.2
.4
.6
1.0
.3
.8
.1
AvcrnKe.1"
Mean
1.0
.3
1.6
.6
1.3
.9
.6
2.3
1.8
.9
2.4
.8
1.0
2.1
1.1
1.2
2.3
1.3
+
.6
.3
1.0
.3
.6
.6
.5
.8
.6
.5
1.4
.4
.8
1.0
.8
.6
.8
.7
i!o7 of
Snmple.'i
9
8
9
9
8
9
9
10
9
9
4
9
9
4
9
8
9
141
Max.
360
310
870
330
390
350
560
510
420
390
610
290
460
380
820
690
500
870
Min.
130
120
250
90
160
140
150
170
150
210
470
140
250
220
370
270
210
90
Averages
Ho -in
240
230
510
160
270
190
320
280
250
280
540
230
330
290
580
480
330
320
4
10
10
20
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
20
10
10
10
20
20
10
10
Source: California State Department of Health Services
79
-------
TABLE 44
* Minimum Detection Limit
* * Weekly Analysis of Charcoal Cartridge
NS= No Sample
RADIOACTIVITY IN AIR COMPOSITES
pCi/ 1000m3
Fourth
1980
Quarter Year
Source: CA Department of Health Servi
LOCATION
: Eureka +
Humboldt Bay f'P'
Redding +
Sacramento +
Rancho Seco N.G.S.
Vallejo
+
Berkeley
Livermore
Salinas
i-
Be-7
26
3
U2
5
16U
12
53
6
75
5
65
U
69
6
107
.10
90
9
Zr-95
3.2
0.6
6.5
0.9
lU.9
1.9
l|.7
0.8
7.^
0.9
5.9
0.7
6.5
1.0
11.2
1.7
11.3
1.3
Nb-95
U.5
0.6
12.3
1.1
U6.1
2.8
lU.3
- 1.14
22.3
l.l»
12.6
0.8
11.7
1.0
19.8
1.8
30. U
2.1
Ru-103
2.0
0.5
5.U
0.7
23.3
2.1
5.6
07
9-7
0.8
8.1
0.6
8.9.
0.9
12.3
l.l
13.0
1.2
Ru-106
0.6*
0.5*
0.6*
o.ij*
0.3^
0.3*
0.5*
0.8*
0.5*
Cs-137
0.1*
0.1*
0.1*
0.1*
0.2
0.1
0.1*
0.-1*.
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
Ce-141
5.0
0.6
9.^
0.9
38.2
2.5
9.3
1.2
20.0
1.2
15.0
0.9
13.1
1.0
26.2
2.1
23.7*
1.8
Ce-144
3.0
1.0
M
l.li
8.L
1.6
2.0
0.7
ti.2
0.8
ij.6
1.3
5.6
1.5
6>
1.6
8.6
1.5
K-40
1.0*
0.7*
0.8*
0.5*
0.}i*
O.1'*
0.-7*
1.2*
2.8
1.2
Sr-89
2.3
0.3
li.l
0.^
11.3
1.0
3.3
0.3.
5.2
o.*
8.5'
0..6
"5.0
O.li
9.0
0.8
8.6
0.5
Sr-90
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1 ...
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.?
0.1
1-131**
0
2
0
2
NS
0
2- ..
0
2
0
2
ws
0
2
NS
80
-------
* Minimum Detection Limit
* * Weekly Analysis of Charcoal Cartridge
NS= No Sample
TABLE 44 (Continued)
RADIOACTIVITY IN AIR COMPOSITES
pCi/ 1000m3
Fourth
1980
Quarter Year
Source: CA Department of Health Serv-
LOCATION
n Luis Obispo +
ablo Canyon N.P.P.
kersfield
+
n Bernardino 4.
rstow
Centro
r
s Angeles .'. +
n Onofrc N.G.S.
-»-
n Diego
si ±
Be-7
122
8
250
25
No S
No S
138
9
1U6
11
ll»5
13
13^
10
130
9
Zr-95
18.6
1.6
38.8
U-.5
mple
imple
llj.l
l.li
18. 14
3.5
22.1
2.5
20.0
1.8
16.3
1.6
Kb -?5
37.1
1.9
95.5
7.1
30.5
1.8
U8.8
3.0
63.5
U.o
63.5
3.2
28.9
1.8
Ru-103
lU.O
1.1
36.1
3.9
-
18.1
1.2
23.8
1.7
18.2
2.1
17.0
1.6
19. u
1.3
Ru-106
0.5*
1.7*
0.6*
0.6*
0.8*
0.5*
0.6*
Cs-137
0.1*
0.6
0.1
0.1*
0.3
0.1*
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.2
Ce-lAl
33.5
1.7
69.7
7.8
3?.''
2.0
38. »»
2.8
1)2.8
3.2
28.6
2.0
30.5
1.7
Ce-144
7.0
1.8
1V.5
7.5
9.1
1.9
8.0
?.li
12.8
2.5
6.6
!.»»
7.1
2.0
K-^0
0.8*
7.5
3.8
0.8*
0.9*
1.2*
0.9*
0.9*
i
Sr-89
10.5
0.6
15.7
l.li
12.1
0.7
IP. 8
0.8
1^.0
6.9
10.9
1.0
11.1
0.7
sr-90
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
O.I
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.1
1-131 **
0
P
0
2
NS
NS
0
2
0
2
NS
-------
Radlonuclides in California Milk
Although milk is only one of the sources of dietary intake of
environmental radioactivity, it is the food item that is most useful
as an indicator of the general population's .intake of radionuclide
contaminants resulting from environmental releases. The objective of
this milk sampling network is to obtain information on current
radionuclide concentrations and long-term trends. From this
information the need for further investigation or corrective public
health action can be determined.
The California network consists of 10 stations, six of which are
from dairies close to major nuclear facilities, and the other four
represent controls, composited from local milksheds in similar
geographic locations from the plants. Samples are obtained quarterly
and analyzed immediately upon receipt.* Results are reported as pCi/1
with an error of two standard deviations. Data .for the fourth
quarter of 1980 are shown in Table 45.
*Radionuclides are determined by gamma spectroscopy, with the
exception of iodine-131, which is analyzed in accordance .with
procedures specified in USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.3, and strontium-89
and strontium-90, which are determined by radiochemical technique.
82
-------
RADIOHUCLIDES IN CALIFORNIA MILK
TABLE 45
pCi/1
Sampling
Date
1980
10-9
10-21
10-21
10-8
11-25
10-lU
10-19
10-19
10-28
Sampling
Location
Del Norte County
Humboldt Bay North
Humboldt Bay South
Humboldt County
Rancho Seco North
Rancho Seco South
Sacramento County
Diablo Canyon North
Diablo Canyon South
San Luis Obispo County
Radionuclide
K-HO
1318 + 90
1183 + 8?
1325 + 95
1383 + 96
1280 + 126
No Sample
1290 + 96
1268 + 93
1306 + 105
13^7 + 110
Ba-La-lUO
I**
]_**
1*#
I*--*
]_**
1*"#
]_**
]_*#
1**
Cs-137
I**
I**
1**
]_**
I**
]_*-X-
]_**
]_**
1**
T-131*
0.1 + 0.1
0.1 + 0.1
0.2 + 0.1
0.1 +0.1
0.0 .+ 0.1
0.0 +..0..1
0.0 + 0.1
0.0 + 0.1
0.1 + 0.-1
Sr-89
0+2
-1 + 1
0 ± 1
-1 + 1
-1 + 1
0+1
0+1
0+1
0 + 1
Sr-^0
5 « c ^. f->
1.6 + 0.5
2.2 + 0.5
2.1 + O.U
1.5+0.5
0.8 + O.lj
0.8 +_ 0.^
1.3 + O.l<
0.9 + o.li
* 1-131 analysis by ion exchange and precipit«.f': "-n method.
Source: California Dept. Health Services
-------
Radiological Health Laboratory
Indiana State Board of Health
Indiana Milk Analysis Program
In order to evaluate the fallout on Indiana pasturelands, the
State has implemented a program whereby monthly milk samples from
five geographical areas are sent to the Radiological Health
Laboratory of the State Board of Health. The milk in these samples
is bottled on the same date in all five areas to provide uniform time
from pasture to the lab.
Once in the laboratory, the milk is first analyzed by gamma
spectroscopy for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and
potassium-40. A one gallon sample is analyzed on a 3" x 3" Nal(Tl)
scintillation crystal for 4800 seconds. A background sample of
48,000 seconds is also run. The data are analyzed to give pCi/1 for
each radionuclide.
A quarterly composite sample is saved and run for strontium-89
and -90 by ion exchange method.
Data for the second quarter of 1981 are shown in Tables 46-47.
84
-------
TABLE 46
'INDIANA MILK ANALYSIS PROGRAM .
(Second Quarter of 1981)
Concentrations of Selected Gamma Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
(pCi/1 +_ 2 Sigma Counting Error)
Location Date 1-131 Ba-140 Cs-137 K-40
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
4/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
1 + 5
0 + 5
4+5
0 + 5
0 + 5
0 + 6
6 + 6
0 +_ 6
0 + 6
2 + 6
2+6
0 + 6
3 + 6
0 + 6
0 +_ 6
0 + 5
6 + 5
10 + 5
9 + 5
9 +_ 5
9 + 6
6 + 6
10+6
6 + 6
4 +_ 6
7 + 6
0 + 6
0 + 6
4 + 6
4 + 6
5 + '5
14+5
24 + 6
11+5
'9 + 5
11+7
21+7
10 + 7
11+7
13 -K 7
13 + 7
16 + 7
13 +.7
10 + 7
8+7
910 + 72
880 + 71
859 + 71
831 + 71
776 + 69
781 + 79
825 + 80
861 + 81
832 + 80
783 +_ 79
989 + 86
1037 + 86
1005 + 86
951 + 85
1038 + 87
85
-------
TABLE 47
90 89
Concentrations of Sr and Sr in Pasteurized Milk
(pCi/1 + 2 Sigma Counting Error)
Location
IN: Evansvilie
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
Date
4/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
4/81
90
Sr
1 +_ 0,
1 + 0.
1 +_ 0.
1 + 0.
1 + 0.5
89,
Sr
0 +_ 0.3
0 +_ 0.3
0 + 0.3
0 + 0.3
0 + 0,3
IN: Evansvi1le
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
5/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
5/81
2 + 0.5
2 +_ 0.5
2 +_ 0.5
2 +_ 0.5
2 + 0.5
0 +_ 0.3
0 +_ 0.3
0 +_ 0.3
0 +_ 0.3
0 + 0.3
IN: Evansville
Fort Wayne
Indianapolis
Rochester
Seymour
6/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
6/81
4 +_ 0.7
5 + 0.8
5 + 0.8
4 +_ 0.7
5 + 0.9
0.5 +_ 0.
0.7 +_ 0.
0.6 + 0.
0.4 +_ 0.
0.6 + 0,
86
-------
Radiological Health Division
State Hygienic Laboratory of Iowa
Iowa Water Sampling Program
The radiological Health Division of the State Hygienic
Laboratory of Iowa with the assistance of the State Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ) maintains a state-wide water sampling
program of community drinking waters, surface waters and
precipitation. All analyses with the exception of the sequential
Ra-226, -228 analyses are performed according to "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 14th edition. The
sequential analyses for radiums are performed according to the EPA
publication, EPA-600/4-75-008, "Interim Radiochemical Methodology for
Drinking Water."
The drinking water samples are collected by DEQ regional
personnel and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory where they are
preserved with HC1. These waters are analyzed for gross alpha and
gross beta radioactivity as a screening process. Subsequent analyses
for Ra-226, Ra-228, Sr-90 are performed if screening levels are
exceeded. Radium levels are of primary concern in Iowa drinking
waters as those levels are elevated in deep geologic aquifers within
the state.
Surface waters are collected at eleven sites throughout the
state with site selection being determined by proximity upstream and
downstream to nuclear power plants in Iowa or those plants
discharging into rivers which are natural borders with adjoining
states. Gross alpha, gross beta, and tritium are the routine
radionuclide analyses for these samples. Strontium is of interest
when gross beta screening levels are exceeded or if nuclear weapons
testing necessitates monitoring to determine its impact on the
environment.
87
-------
Radiological Health Division
State Hygienic Laboratory of Iowa
Iowa Water Sampling Program
The radiological Health Division of the State Hygienic
Laboratory of Iowa with the assistance of the State Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ) maintains a state-wide water sampling
program of community drinking waters, surface waters and
precipitation. All analyses with the exception of the sequential
Ra-226, -228 analyses are performed according to "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 14th edition. The
sequential analyses for radiums are performed according to the EPA
publication, EPA-600/4-75-008, "Interim Radiochemical Methodology for
Drinking Water."
The drinking water samples are collected by DEQ regional
personnel and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory where"they are
preserved with HC1. These waters are analyzed for gross alpha and
gross beta radioactivity as a screening process. Subsequent analyses
for Ra-226, Ra-228, Sr-90 are performed if screening levels are
exceeded. Radium levels are of primary concern in Iowa drinking
waters as those levels are elevated in deep geologic aquifers within
the state.
Surface waters are collected at eleven sites throughout the
state with site selection being determined by proximity upstream and
downstream to nuclear power plants in Iowa or those plants
discharging into rivers which are natural borders with adjoining
states. Gross alpha, gross beta, and tritium are the routine
radionuclide analyses for these samples. Strontium is of interest
when gross beta screening levels are exceeded or if nuclear weapons,
testing necessitates monitoring to determine its impact on the
environment.
87
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DATA (ERD) is published quarterly
(January, April, July, October) by the Office of Radiation Programs,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Requests for information concerning publication and
distribution of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Technical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS
should be directed to:
H. Michael Mardis, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services .Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
or to:
Lewis Battist, Chief
Environmental Studies and Statistics Branch (ANR-461)
Analysis and Support Division
Office of Radiation Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D. C. 20460
------- |