United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Radiation Program!
Washington DC 20460
EPA 520/5-82-016
December 1981
Radiation
Environmental Radiation Data
Report 27
(July- September 1981)
-------
EPA 520/5-82-016
ENVIRONMENT A;L
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 27
December 1981
Office of Radiation Program
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
-------
Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled and distributed
quarterly by the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF), Montgomery, Alabama. Data from the
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (CRAMS)',, and
similar networks operated by contributing States, Canada, Mexico, and
the Pan American Health Organization are reported in (ERD).
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP). The ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide air, surface,
and drinking water and milk samples from which environmental
radiation levels are derived. The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long*lived radionuclides in
the environment.
Sampling locations are selected to provide the best possible
combination of radiation source monitoring (such as surface water
downstream from a nuclear power reactor) and wide population
coverage.
The radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross
alpha and gross beta levels, as well as specific analyses for uranium
fuel cycle related radionuclides. The latter category includes but
is not limited to uranium, plutonium, iodine, and krypton, which are
released into the environment from stationary sources such as nuclear
power reactors, fuel fabrication and reprocessing plants.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
DATA
CONTENTS
Page
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures ill
- Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum v
Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
SECTION I. Air Program 1
1. Airborne Particulates 1
and Precipitation
2. Plutonium and Uranium in 10
Airborne Particulates
3. Krypton-85 12
SECTION II. Water Program 13
1. Surface Water 13
2. Drinking Water 16
3. Radon in Drinking Water 16
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program 33
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program 36
1. Pasteurized Milk 36
2. Tritium in Milk 36
3-. Plutonium and Uranium in Milk 44
4. Iodine-129 in Milk 44
5. Carbon-14 in Milk 44
SECTION V. Human Bone Program 45
SECTION; VI. Paw American Health Organization 46
(PAHO) Air and Milk Program
DATA - STATE AGENCIES 47
1. California Sampling Program 47
-Air 47
- r«lk 48
2. Indiana Pasteurized Milk Program 49
3. Iowa Water Analysis 50
-------
DATA * Reporting Rationale and Procedures
The Intent of EPA's Office of Radiation Programs in establishing
the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System was to provide
continuous, accurate and usable environmental radiation data for the
public. Therefore, new data reporting procedures were developed to
allow better interpretation of the data. The most significant change
in this reporting procedure is that all specific radionoclide
analyses will be reported as the counting results indicate, whether
the number is negative, zero, or positive*
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of a radionuclide in environmental
media are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero, the net counting results should statistically show a
distribution of negative and positive numbers about zero. This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from a sample which
has only background activity. Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a specified
reporting level or minimum detectable level. The present reporting
procedure allows all the data to be reported and evaluated
statistically without an arbitrary cutoff of small or negative
numbers. This approach will facilitate estimates of bias in the
nuclide analyses and will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be
exercised in the interpretation of individual negative values.
Obviously, a negative activity value does not have physical
significance. Such numbers, however, are significant when taken
together with other observations which indicate that the true value
of a distribution is near zero. When an average of several
measurements produces a result less than zero, this indicates a
negative bias in the measurement procedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses • All specific radionuclide analyses will
be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
is negative, zero, or positive. Numerical values given are as
of sample collection date.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity
measurements will be reported, unless the value is below the
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.
m
-------
MDL is defined as the 3, sigma error of the background. A
tabulation of HDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported ..value for specific analyses will be
accompanied by a counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval. Potassium concentrations are determined by
specific activity analyses. Error terms are therefore reported
as counting errors. At the very low levels characteristic of
most ERAMS' measurements, counting error is the greatest
contributor to overall error.
(3) Significant Figures
All reported values will be rounded to no more than three
significant figures. The last significant figure will be
increased by one if the figure following is five or greater,
otherwise it is left unchanged.
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable-levels for each isotope are shown in table 1.
Smallest increments are sometimes considerably smaller than
minimum detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors in
averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages will.be calculated along with appropriate error
terms in an annual summary and analysis of ERAMS data. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data
including negative numbers will be utilized. Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
IV
-------
TABLE 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Cross alpha
Cross beta
Tritium
Carbon*14
Krypton-85
Plutoniuro-238,
239
Uranium-234,
235,238
Radium-226
Strontium-90
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
Milk
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
pCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
PCi/l
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a)
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 PCi/l
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 nCi/1
-------
Radionuclide
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Iodine-129
Iodine*127
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium
Potassium-40
Media
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
• Milk
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
8/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
8/1
8/1
pCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
10 g/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 g/1
.1 g/1
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
5 pCi/l(c)
10 nCi/l^0
10 pCi/l(c
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 g/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 PCi/l(c
10 pCi/l(c
.12 g/1
•12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a) The value in terms of nCi/ra^ would he dependent on precipitation (mm),
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m^ would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
-------
DATA t EPA
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I. Air Program
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Cross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific
analyses are performed on air participates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at 67 field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States, Virgin Islands, and the Panama
Canal.
Filters (10-cm charcoal impregnated cellulose) from air samplers
are changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a C-M
survey meter at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow for
radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending
on the activity levels found.
The filters-are sent to EERF for more sensitive analyses in a
low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all
filters showing laboratory gross beta counts greater than 1
pCi/m^. The lower gross beta values reported for laboratory
measurements are largely due to the decay of radionuclides which
occurred between the times of the field estimates and laboratory
measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at the 22 field stations
where air filters are collected. These samples are also sent to EERF
where they are composited monthly for tritium, gross beta activity
measurements and gamma scans.
These locations also correspond to airborne particulate and
drinking water sampling locations selected for plutonium analyses.
Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234, -235, and -238 analyses are
performed annually on precipitation samples collected during March -
May.
-------
Tables 2-4 present the monthly average gross beta
concentrations in airborne participates for July - September 1981.
Tables 5-7 present the monthly average gross beta
concentration and any specific gamma concentrations for precipitation
samples for July - September 1981. A compilation of individual
measurements is available from the EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL 36193.
The tritium in precipitation samples for July - September 1981
at the selected stations are shown in Table 8.
-------
TABLE 2
' AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JULY 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
5-HK FIELD EER~F LAB
ESTIMATE MEASUREMENT
LOCATION // SAM MAX MIN AVG MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/tn3) (pCi/m3)
AL:MONTGOMERY 9 1.4 0.2 0.7 0.14 0.01 0.05
CArBERKELEY 9 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.06 0.01 0.04
CArLOS ANGELES 9 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.08 0.05 0.06
CT-.HARTFORD 9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.10 0.04 0.07
FL:JACKSONVILLE 7 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.12 0.02 0.06
FLrMIAMI 6 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.10 <0.01 0.03
ID:BOISE 9 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.14 0.07 0.10
ID-.IDAHO FALLS 9 NM NM NM 0.15 0.07 0.10
IL:CHICAGO 7 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.09 0.04 0.07
IN:INDIANAPOLIS 9 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.11 0.04 0.07
KSrTOPEKA 6 2.8 0.9 1.3 0.02 0.01 0.01
MErAUGUSTA 9 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.10 0.03 0.07
MIrLANSING 9 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.13 0.04 0.08
MN:MINNEAPOLIS 9 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.16 0.06 0.09
MSrJACKSON 9 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.08 0.02 0.04
MT:HELENA 7 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.13 0.01 0.08
NC:CHARLOTTE 9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.08 0.03 0.05
ND:BISMARCK 7 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.12 0.03 0.07
NJrTRENTON 9 1.4 0.2 0.7 0.13 0.06 0.09
NM:SANTA FE 8 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.06 0.01 0.03
NV:LAS VEGAS 9 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.06 0.03 0.05
NY:ALBANY 10 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.15 0.05 0.10
NY:NEW YORK CITY 9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.14 0.06 0.09
NY:NIAGARA FALLS 8 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.13 0.07 0.09
NY:YAPHANK 8 0.2 <0.1 0.1 0.11 0.05 0.07
OH:COLUMBUS 9 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.15 0.04 0.09
OH:PAINESVILLE 6 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.11 0.07 0.08
OH:TOLEDO 9 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.13 0.05 0.08
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY 19 3.1 0.2 1.5 0.06 0.02 0.04
OR:PORTLAND 9 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.09 0.01 0.03
PA:HARRISBURG 13 1.5 0.3 0.7 0.14 0.05 0.09
PA:PITTSBURGH 9 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.18 0.04 0.08
RI:PROVIDENCE 9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.13 0.04 0.08
SC:BARNWELL 3 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.02 <0.01 0.01
SC:COLUMBIA 9 1.8 0.3 0.6 0.08 0.03 0.06
TN:KNOXVILLE 6 1.9 0.1 0.6 0.09 0.04 O.Q6
VA:LYNCHBURG 9 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.12 0.02 0.07
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.04 0.02 0.04
WA:SEATTLE 7 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.06 0.01 0.03
WA:SPOKANE 9 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.11 0.04 0.07
WI:MADISON 6 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.10 0.05 0.07
WV:CHARLESTON 8 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.11 0.02 0.07
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
AUGUST 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY .-ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCrBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
5-HK FIELD
ESTIMATE
SAM
MAX
MIN
AVG
EKKf
LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX
(pCi/m3)
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
6
8
9
9
9
8
9
7
7
8
9
6
9
6
8
8
7
9
5
8
17
8
13
9
8
1
8
4
9
5
8
9
9
8
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
.9
.1
.3
.4
.3
.2
.6
NM
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.5
.8
.1
.5
.5
.6
.2
.7
.2
.5
.4
.7
.2
.7
.3
.6
.3
.5
.6
.2
.0
.1
.6
.8
.4
.3
.1
.4
.8
.2
.1
.6
.1
.0
0.
<0.
0.
0.
<0.
<0.
0.
3
1
2
2
1
1
4
NM
<0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
5
1
2
2
4
5
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.6
.1
.5
.3
.1
.1
.5
NM
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
<0.1 <0
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
0.
2
3
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.4
.4
.3
.2
.3
.6
.8
.1
.8
.7
.6
.7
.4
.2
.3
.1
.8
.4
.5
.6
.1
.9
.5
.2
.1
.5
.3
.5
.1
.1
.4
.4
.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.03
.03
.11
.05
.03
.03
.07
.11
.05
.12
.03
.06
.07
.05
.07
.06
.05
.05
.06
.03
.05
.07
.06
.08
.05
.09
.07
.05
.09
.06
.06
.07
.06
.03
.07
.05
.06
.04
.05
.06
.06
.06
MIN
AVG
(PCi/m3)
0.
-------
TABLE 4
AIRBOFJNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
SEPTEMBER 1981
AIRBORNE PARTICIPATES
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS.-TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI-.LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
.NJ: TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH .-COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(,pCi/m3)
9
9
9
8
7
8
9
8
8
9
8
8
8
9
4
8
9
3
9
7
.8
7
10
8
9
8
,6
8
15
9
11
7
7
2
9
4
8
7
9
8
7
7
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.1
.9
.4
.3
.7
.9
NM
0
0
1
;0
0
0
0
0
i
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
.7
.7
.4
.5
.4
.7
.9
.8
.0
.4
.0
.5
.3
.6
.2
.2
.2
.5
.3
.5
.6
NM
1
0
0
.1
.6
.3
NM
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
.8
.7
.1
.1
.1
.8
.3
.7
0
<0
0
0
0
<0
0
.2
.1
.3
.1
.1
.1
.2
NM
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
.1
.1
.3
.1
.1
.1
.3
.2
.2
.1
.4
.2
.5
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.6
NM
0
0
0
.1
.1
.1
NM
0
0
<0
0
<0
0
<0
0
.3
.3
.1
.1
.1
.2
.1
.3
0.7
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
NM
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.3
0,8
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.2
2.0
NM
0.5
0..3
0.2
NM
0.9
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(pCi/m3)
.03
.03
.04
.03
.03
.01
.03
.07
.03
.03
.02
.04
.03
.04
.02
.07
.04
.03
.03
.05
.03
.04
.04
.04
.04
.04
.03
.03
.04
.03
.03
.02
.04
.01
.08
.04
.0.3
.04
.03
.03
.03
.03
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.03
.01
.01
.01
.01
.0.1
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.02
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
<0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.02
.01
.02
.02
.03
.01
.03
.04
.02
.02
..01
.02
.01
.03
.01
.03
.03
.03
.02
.02
.03
.02
.03
.02
.03
.03
.02
.02
.03
.01
.02
.02
.03
.01
.04
.03
.03
.02
.01
.02
.02
.02
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m"
NM NO MEASUREMENT
-------
TABLE 5
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JULY 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FL.-MIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
40.0
8.0
48.8
131.9
38.8
7.5
144.0
23.5
20.0
111.1
65.1
46.9
53.8
61.3
89.4
20.0
107.5
52.5
191.3
25.0
12.5
41.0
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.18
0.10
0.99
0.50
0.04
0.33
0.38
0.11
0.28
0.97
0.23
0.09
0.20
0.19
0.76
0.06
0.45
0.42
0.56
0.50
0.20
0.14
0.03
0.01
0.07
0.09
0.02
0.01
0.09
0.02
0.02
0.10
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.08
0.01
0.08
0.05
0.11
0.03
0.02
0.03
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND .
ND
ND
ND
ND •
ND
ND
ND.
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
-------
TABLE 6
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
AUGUST 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL.-MIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
16.3
23.5
7.3
164.5
171.3
1.7
120.8
41.6
6.0
3.0
388.3
30.8
10.0
6.9
24.9
21.5
41.0
95.0
100.0
232.5
49.3
97.5
40.5
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.09
0.13
0.07
0.46
0.09
0.35
0.27
0.06
0.02
0.22
1.40
0.19
0.21
0.04
0.11
0.07
0.08
0.28
0.48
0.46
0.47
0.64
0.19
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.11
0.08
0.01
0.07
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.26
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.07
0.13
0.05
0.08
0.03
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
106RU 44 +
ZR-NB 26 +
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
89%
40%
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
-------
TABLE 7
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
SEPTEMBER 1981
LOCATION
CO rDENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OR: PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
SC:COLUMBIA
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WV:CHARLESTON
DEPTH
(mm)
6.8
38.5
15.6
138.8
8.1
66.1
118.6
12.9
23.8
A8.8
51.5
8.7
15.8
111.2
55.0
80.5
40.8
27.5
30.0
59.0
56.2
51.3
ACT.
± e
(nCi/m2)
0.07
0.21
0.03
0.34
0.22
0.13
0.20
0.01
0.12
0.21
0.17
0.21
0.06
0.18
0.06
0.09
0.08
0.04
0.11
0.54
0.14
0.14
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.08
0.01
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.03
0.03
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND'
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
-------
TABLE 8
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER'1981
JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER
LOCATION nCi/1 + e nCi/1 + e nCi/1 + e
AL:MONTGOMERY 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 NS
CO:DENVER 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4-0^2
CT:HARTFORD 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2
FL:JACKSONVILLE 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0..2 0:2
FL:MIAMI 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
IDrBOISE 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
IL:CHICAGO 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
MItLANSING 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2
MSrJACKSON NS 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2
MTtHELENA 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
ND:BISMARCK 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
NJ:TRENTON 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
NV:LAS VEGAS NS 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
NYrNEW YORK CITY 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2
NY:NIAGARA FALLS 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
OH:COLUMBUS 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
OHrPAINESVILLE 0.3 0.2 NS NS
OR:PORTLAND NS NS 0.2 0.2
PA:HARRISBURG 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
PA:PITTSBURGH 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
SC:BARNWELL 2.5 0.2 0.6 0.2 NS
SC:COLUMBIA 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
VA:LYNCHBURG 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2
WVrCHARLESTON 0.-2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
9.
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are
determined by the analyses- of quarterly composite samples (air.
filters) collected from the1 continuously operating airborne
particulate samplers. The number, of: continuously operating; stations
is being increased from the original! 22! will, eventually number* 67
when all. equipment is> operational..
Analyses of the composited: filters- consist of ashing-,, separating
by, liquid ion exchange, and: coprecipitation of the plutonium or
uranium.
•
Concentration-, of the? spreciflte isotopes; of: plutonium-238, -239,
and uranlum-234, -235r, and -238 are-determined" by-'alpha, spectrbscopy.
The volume of air analyzed: norma-Ily ranges; fEom 2'5',000' to AO.,000 m
for each quarterly- composite.- ,
Plutonium and'uranium-in airborne^ particulates- data: for, ApriT —
June 1981 are shown for the 44 stationsj operating: during; this period
in Table 9. .
10
-------
TABLE 9
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
APRIL - JUNE 1981 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239
Pu
LOCATION t
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CT:HARTFORD
DE:DOVER
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON .CITY
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCiBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
iCi/m3+e
0
0
4
1
0
1
2
1
3
4
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
8
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
0
1
0
2
1
2
2
1
0
0
1
2
1
2
1
0
2
1
2
.2
.2
.6
.4
.5
.5
.2
.9
.0
.1
.9
.3
.0
.0
.9
.9
.5
.3
.1
.4
.8
.7
.9
.2
.7
.5
.6
.3
.5
.4
.1
.4
.7
.6
.6
.0
.1
.6
.3
.5
.2
.3
.4
.3
0.
0.
2.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
2.
1.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
3.
0.
2.
1.
1.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
1.
0.
1.
1.
1.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
1.
1.
1.
5
4
8
7
5
9
8
8
3
1
1
1
5
6
2
8
6
4
4
9
3
5
9
6
7
6
1
6
8
9
3
7
8
6
3
7
8
7
0
8
7
3
2
0
aCi/m
26
21
32
31
18
29
30
36
32
36
21
41
29
27
27
30
25
,26
35
24
39
38
35
58
30
32
32
33
42
29
35
37
17
32
31
38
34
28
28
36
12
23
35
38
.9
.9
.8
.3
.6
.4
.7
.5
.1
.8
.6
.0
.8
.4
.6
.7
.9
.9
.0
.9
.5
.2
.9
.3
.0
.7
.9
.8
.1
.3
.8
,5
.4
.6
.6
.0
.0
.6
.6
.3
.3
.5
.5
.8
3±
3.
2.
6.
3.
2.
4,
3.
4.
4.
6,
3.
5,
3,
3,
4,
4,
3,
5,
3,
5,
5,
5.
4.
8.
3.
3.
4,
4,
6,
3,
5.
5,
4,
3.
4,
4,
4,
3.
3,
4.
2,
3,
5,
4,
e
,2
,9
,7
,9
.6
,0
,7
.3
.5
.4
,5
.0
.4
.5
.2
.1
.1
.2
.7
.5
.6
.4
.7
.0
,6
.9
,4
.0
.6
.6
.8
.9
.0
.7
.6
.3
.3
,5
,7
.3
.0
,7
.6
,7
234
U
235,
238,
aCi/m3+ e
19.5
13.2
31.3
25.3
29.3
35.5
20.3
23.0
42.9
70.3
36.8
26.2
24.8
25.8
48.4
30.3
29.1
33.9
20.4
68.4
24.3
38.9
33.2
100.3
48.0
26.5
61.6
23.4
67.8
38.7
54.0
49.0
15.1
25.5
64.5
37.8
20.2
40.0
29.7
39.7
17.5
39.4
40.8
48.9
2.9
2.4
5.3
3.6
4.2
5.3
3.1
3.4
6.1
8.7
5.5
4.3
3.6
3.6
6.9
3.9
4.0
7.4
2.5
10.3
3.7
6.7
4.1
11.5
5.9
3.7
7.8
3.5
10.1
5.3
6.8
7.9
2.5
3.4
8.3
4.9
2.5
5.0
4.1
4.5
2.9
5.5
5.9
5.7
aCi/m3+ e
1.3 0.6
0.5 0.4
2.2 1.2.
2.3 0.9
1.7 0.8
1.9 0.9
1.1 0.6
0.6 0.5
3.4 1.3
3.2 1.3
2.4 1.2
1.2 0.9
1.2 0.7
1.9 0.7
1.4 1.0
1.8 0.7
1.3 0.7
2.2 1.7
1.1 0.4
2.7 2.0
1.8 0.8
2.3 1.3
1.0 0.5
4.8 1.6
3.1 1.0
1.6 0.7
3.4 1.2
1.5 0.7
6.9 2.5
3.3 1.1
3.0 1.2
2.4 1.5
1.5 0.6
0.8 0.6
2.9 1.2
1.1 0.6
1.3 0.5
1.7 0.8
1.8 0.8
1.3 0.6
2.7 1.0
3.5 1.3
2.4 1.2
1.6 0.8
aCi/m
17.7
7.6
32.9
20.5
30.3
31.2
21.3
16.3
39.3
43.2
37.3
26.4
22.6
25.2'
32.4
17.2
26.0
29.5
20.4
40.3
25.1
32.1
29.4
64.3
44.9
22.8
54.9
19.6
64.8
38.5
48.5
40.4
10.5
21.5
54.1
27.9
15.1
37.4
24.9
11.9
8.3
29.1
32.2
43.5
3±e
2.7
1.7
5.5
3.1
4.3
4.9
3.2
2.6
5.7
6.1
5.4
4.3
3.4
3.5
5.2
2.5
3.7
6.8
2.5
7.3
3.7
5.9
3.7
8.1
5.6
3.3
7.1
3.1
9.7
5.3
6.3
6.9
2.0
3.0
7.2
3.9
2.1
4.7
3.6
1.9
1.8
4.5
5.0
5.2
PLUTONIUM RATIOS ARE CALCULATED ON UNROUNDED RAW VALUES.
Pu CONCENTRATIONS REPORTED IN THIS TABLE HAVE BEEN ROUNDED.
9 IQ
THE Pu AND
TI TEMPORARILY INOPERABLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
11
-------
." ' ' • Krypton-85
Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half life of 10.8
years. It is released into the atmosphere hy nuclear reactor
operations, fuel fabrication, fuel reprocessing, and nuclear
detonations. Krypton-85 also occurs naturally in minor quantities
primarily from the neutron capture of stable krypton-84 as well as
spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission of uranium.
Monitoring of krypton-85 in the atmosphere has been conducted to
identify and establish baseline levels and long-term trends.
Krypton-85 analysis began in January 1973 with sample
collections and analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of the
United States with considerations being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing plants, nuclear reactors, and wide geographic
coverage.
Dry compressed air samples, collected at each location, are
purchased from commercial air suppliers semiannually, and shipped to
the EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted
in a liquid scintillation system.
Data for January * June 1976 were reported in ERD 8.
Note. •- The recovery tracer required for the analysis of these
samples is currently unavailable. When the tracer is available or
new methodology developed, the samples received after June 1976 will
be analyzed and reported in this report series.
12
-------
DATA T EPA
ERAMS
SECTION II. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides ambient radiation data to
assess the effects of the nuclear power industry, the natural
radiation environment, and other nuclear sources on the nation's
rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Grab samples are taken quarterly at 58 stations located
downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities.
Surface water monitoring consists of tritium analyses quarterly
and gamma scans annually. Tritium is the primary radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants, therefore, all nuclear power
plants that are operating or scheduled for operation through 1980 are
being monitored.
Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples, pamma scans are performed annually to
determine if there is a buildup of other contaminants.
Tritium concentrations for surface water samples for July
September 1981 are given in Table 10.
13
-------
TABLE 10
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1981
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
ALrDOTHAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:CLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CArSAN ONOFRE
CO:GREELEY
CT:EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
IL:E. MOLINE
ILrZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SOUTH HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC: SOUTHPORT
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
NY:POUGHKEEPSIE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:BRADWOOD
PA:DANVILLE
SC:ALLENDALE
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHIE RIVER
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ERIE
COLUMBIA RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
7/ 2/81
II 8/81
7/ 9/81
7/13/81
7/23/81
7/15/81
II 9/81
7/14/81
7/24/81
7/22/81
7/23/81
7/ 6/81
7/31/81
7/.30/81
II 7/81
8/15/81
II 1/81
7/10/81
II 6/81
7/30/81
II 9/81
7/21/81
II 8/81
7/14/81
7/11/81
7/13/81
II 8/81
II 7/81
7/14/81
7/16/81
II 7/81
8/19/81
II 7/81
7/ 1/81
7/ 8/81
II 8/81
II 9/81
7/ 8/81
7/ 2/81
7/26/81
II 8/81
7/ 2/81
nCi/1
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
1.1
0.4
0.2
0.
0.
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
.3
.3
0.4
.3
.5
0.
0.
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
3.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0.2
0
0
'0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0.
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
,2
.2
.2
0.2
0.2
14
-------
LOCATION
SC:BROAD RIVER
SCrHARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TNrKINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
VArDOSWELL
WArNORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI-.TWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 10 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE- WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1981
SOURCE
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
NORTH ANNA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
7/22/81
7/13/81
8/10/81
7/ 9/81
7/13/81
II 2/81
II 8/81
7/13/81
7/27/81
II 9/81
II 6/81
nCi/1
0.4
2.5
'0.4
0.
0.
1.8
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.3
.2
.3
± e
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
.2
.2
0.2
0.2
2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
15
-------
Drinking Water
The drinking water program provides ambient radiation monitoring
relevant to the effects of the nuclear power industry, natural
environmental insult, and other pertinent sources. These data serve
to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with
standards set forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations." These regulations provide for approval of
supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not
exceed 5 pCi/1, when the gross alpha (excluding radon, and uranium)
levels do not exceed 15 pCi/1, when tritium levels do not exceed
20,000 pCi/1, when the strontium*90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and
when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.
Grab samples are taken at 78 sites which are either major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis (b) gross
alpha, gross beta, and strontium-90 on annual composites (gamma
analyses are performed if the gross beta activity is greater than 10
pCi/1; radium«226 analyses are performed if the gross alpha exceeds
2 pCi/1; and radium-228 analyses are performed if the radium-226
activity falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1) (c) specific iodine-131 is
performed on one quarterly sample per year for each station (d) an
annual composite for plutoniumfc238, -239, uranium-234, -235, -238, on
22 selected sampling locations corresponding to continuously
operating air particulate stations.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the
distilled samples, gross beta, and gross alpha by evaporating an
aliquot on stainless steel planchets for counting, and radium-226 by
the standard emanation technique. Strontiumf90 is determined by beta
counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for July
September 1981 are shown in Table 11.
Iodine-131 concentration in drinking water for July - December
1981 is shown in Table 12.
All samples were taken as either a single grab sample or
composite samples taken over 12 to 14 days.
Radon-222 in Drinking Water
Radon-222 in drinking water has previously been considered a
source of radiation exposure primarily from an ingestion standpoint.
The Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) is investigating radon in water supplies to
evaluate the possibility that a major pathway from .inhalation
exposure may exist in addition to the ingestion pathway. As an inert
16
-------
gas, radori is not chemically bound to the water and consequently can
be released during any operation that aerates or agitates water.
Depending upon the initial concentration of radon in water,
significant quantities of radon could be released in a home or to the
general environment.
To determine the scope of this potential problem, a national
ground water sampling program has been initiated by the Eastern
Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF) to obtain data on radon
concentrations in water supplies throughout the country. Sampling
kits have been assembled by.-EERF and distributed to various state
health departments. The kit is designed so that state personnel can
collect samples from potable water supplies and ship them, without
loss of radon other than radioactive decay, to EERF for analysis.
The selection of water supplies to be sampled is handled by two
separate methods. Method 1 in which each state collects samples from
all groundwater supplies serving at least 1000 people and Method 2 in
which the choice of sampling locations and the number of supplies to
be sampled is left to the discretion of the state programs. Each
state is asked to obtain a representative sampling of ground water
supplies within its boundaries. The extent of the sampling efforts
and how representative the data are for a given state is determined
primarily by the amount of time each state devotes to the program.
The concentrations of radon in water are determined at the EERF
by liquid scintillation counting. The limit of detection for this
technique using a 50-minute count and a 10-ml sample is 0.16 pCi or
16 pci/1.
The sampling kits are being provided to the various states on a
rotating schedule. This schedule is designed to cover the U.S.
within approximately two years. As data from each state are compiled
they will be published in ERD.
Summaries of the data from Idaho, Kentucky, Montana, New
Hampshire, New York, Ohio and Oregon are shown in Tables 13 - 19.
17
-------
TABLE 11
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 198.1
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS.
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
COrDENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
III:HOMOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID .'IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAURENCE
MArROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MDrCONOWINGO
ME :AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS: JACKSOU
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
MD:BISMARCK
MIS: LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJrWARETOKN
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
DATE
COLLECTED
7/17/81
11 8/81
11 8/81
11 2/81
11 9/81
7/13/81
11 2/81
11 6/81
7/24/81
7/24/81
11 7/81 .
7/10/81
7/28/81
7/20/81
7/27/81
11 2/81
7/10/81
11 5/81
11 1/81
11 1/81
7/22/81
.7/16/81
7/14/81
7/30/81
11 6/81
11 9/81
11 6/81
7/13/81
7/14/81
7/10/81
7/17/81
9/23/81
7/15/81
7/16/81
11 6/81
11 7/81
8/19/81
11 7/81
11 6/81
11 6/81
11 7/81 -
7/ 1/81
11 7/81
11 6/81
nCi/1
0.3 "
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3.
4.0
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
.0.2
0.6
0.4
0.5'
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.5
± e
Q'.2
0.2
0.2
- 0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0'.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
18
-------
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
„...,. DRINKIKC WATER
TRITIUM.CONCENTRATION
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1981
LOCATION
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALL'S
NY SYRACUSE
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH-TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:11ARRISBU.RG
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
.RI.:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC,:JENKINSVILL'E
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN;:KNOXVILLE
TXrAUSTIN
V.A:DOSWELL
VA: LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA .BEACH
WA:RICHLAND
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
DATE
COLLECTED
11 3/81
?/ 9/81
7/7/81
8/ 7/81
7/20/81
7/14/81
'11 7/81
11 2/81
11 6/81
7/17/81
11 9/81
If 6/81
7/14/81
7/22/81
7/2/81
7/2/81
11 .2/81
7/13/81
'7/24/81
7/21/81
7/23/81
11 1/81
11 9/81
: 7/21/81
11 2/81
11 6/81
7/13/81
11 9/81
7/10/81
nCi/1
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.2
•0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.3
oa
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
± c
0.2
0.2
0.2.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0..2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
.0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
e
2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
-------
TABLE 12' •'•
IODINE-131 IN DRINKING WATER
. JULY - DECEMBER 1981
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENV£R
COrPLATTEVILLE
GAtBAXLEY
HI:HONOLULU
IL:MORRIS
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MArROWE
MI:DETROIT
MS:PORT GIBSON
NE:LINCOLN
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
PArHARRISBURG
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:LYNCHBURG
2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
''DATE"
COLLECTED
7/17/81
10/ 1/81
71 8/81
11 9/81
7/13/81
77 2/81
10/30/81
10/20/81
11/19/81
IP/ 1/81
71 1781
7/16/81
7/30/81
7/13/81
7/16/81
71 6/81
71 9/81
11 / 9/81
10/ 1/81
127 2/81
71 6/81
7/23/81
71 1/81
71 2/81
!' "•"'"
nCi/1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0^0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
"0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
*0'.l
0.2
-0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
-O.L
. 0.0
0.1
0.1
-0.1
± e
0.1
0.1
d.i
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
O'.l
0.1
0.1
04
0.1
0.1
0.1
- o.o
.0.1
• o.i.
0.1
20
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 13
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE f.ERVED + 2 ' e *
ID:ABERDEEN
ID:ABERDEEN
ID:AMERICAN FALLS
ID:AMERICAN FALLS
ID:AMMON
ID:AMMON
ID:ARCO
ID:AS11TON
ID:BLACKFOOT
ID:BLACKFOOT
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE .
ID-.BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:DOISE PENITENTI
ID:BUHL
IDtBURLEY
ID:BURLEY
ID:CALDWELL
ID:CHUBBUCK
ID:C11UBBUCK
ID:COTTONWOOD
ID:COUNCIL
ID:DALTON GARDENS
ID:EMMETT
ID:FILER
ID:FRUITLAND
ID:GARDEN CITY
ID:CLKNNS FERRY
ID:GLEMNS FERRY
ID:COODING
ID:GRACE
ID:GRANCEVILLE
ID:HAILEY
ID:HOMEDALE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
ID:IDAHO FALLS
ID:IDAHO FALLS
ID:IONA
ID:JEROME
ID-.JEROME
ID:KIMBERLY
ID:KIMBERLY
ID:LAVA HOT SPRING
ID:MALAD CITY
ID:MERIDIAN
ID:MONTPELIER
ID:MOSCOW
ID:MOSCOW
* e - SIGMA ERROR
1/13/81
6/19/81
1/13/81
4/24/81
1/15/81
6/18/81
6/16/81
6/17/81
1/14/81
6/19/81
1/28/81
5/28/81
5/29/81
1/30/81
5/28/81
9/ 9/81
1/16/81
9/ 9/81
6/ 4/81
4/24/81
1/13/81
7/14/81
6/10/81
7/16/81
6/11/81
9/ 9/81
6/11/81
5/28/fU
9/ 8/81
1/22/81
9/ 8/81
4/23/81
7/14/81
6/28/81
6/ 4/81
6/18/81
6/18/81
1/15/81
6/17/81
9/ 8/81
1/22/81
1/16/81
9/ 9/81
4/23/81
4/23/81
6/ 4/81
4/23/81
7/29/81
7/14/81
1663
1663
3400
3400
4600
4600
1259
1250
10500
10500
105000
3000
1500
12000
1000
3200
8334
8334
20000
7000
7000
1356
1000
2000
5000
1600
2500
3000
1380
1380
3200
1225
3650
2100
3000
41000
3000
41000
1200
7000
7000
2500
2500
700
2300
4000
3200
10000
15000
394.0
169.2
715.5
348.3
221.9
4-15.0
1164,0
380.2
1182.0
146.7
309.5
237.5 '
165.9
349,9
897.6
1144.0
571.3
. 81.4
247.7
18.5
. . 589.9
136-.9
696.4
364.6
6.8
87.9
805.3
304.7
215.5
16.2
84.6
4,1.7
403.5
1294.5
. ' 301.0
245.5
207.6
158.1
37.2
30.6
-99.2
501.7
1148.0
212.6
392.6
280.0
305.7
-54.0
4.4
81.9
79.4
82.2
86.9
65.4
103.8
. 93.1
68.4
82.8
81.1
65.0
90.0
75.9
53.6
98.7
74.3
62.8
147.2
117.9
107.7
82.6
120.1
69.6
93.7
92.8
140.7
104.7
91.4
62.4
65.3
58.6
97.2
124.6,
193.5
116.2
98.3
95.5
69.0
62.8
58.0
64.5
59.9
160.8
101.3
125.6
118.2
128.4
335.9
122.7
21
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 13 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Kn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED '+ 2 e *
ID:MOUNTAIN HOME
ID:MOUNTAIN HOME
ID:MOUNTAIN HOME
ID:MOUNTAIN HOME.
IDrMAtiPA
ID:NAMPA
ID:NEW PLYMOUTH
ID:OLDTOWN
ID:PARMA
ID:PAUL
ID:PAUL
ID:PAYETTE
ID:PINEI1URST
ID:PLUMMER
ID:POCATELLO
ID:POCATELLO
ID:POCATELLO
ID:POST FALLS
ID:POST FALLS
ID:POST FALLS
ID:PRESTON
ID:RATIIDRUM
ID:REXI)URG
ID:RICI!Y
ID:RUPF.RT
ID:RUPF.RT
ID:SHELLEY
ID:SHELLEY
ID.-SHOSHONE
ID:SODA SPRINGS
ID:SPIRIT LAKE
ID:ST. ANTHONY
ID:SUN VALLEY
ID:TWIN FALLS
ID:WENDELL
ID .'WENDELL
* e = SIGMA ERROR
B 1/20/R1
B 9/10/81
9/10/R1
1/22/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 3/01
6/11/81
7/15/81
6/11/81
9/ 9/81
1/16/81
6/10/81
7/15/81
7/16/81
4/24/81
4/24/81
1/13/81
7/15/81
7/15/81
7/27/81
4/23/81
7/15/81
6/17/81
6/17/81
9/ 9/81
1/16/8^
1/14/81
6/18/81
9/ 8/81
4/23/81
7/15/81
6/17/81
7/ 2/81
9/ 9/81
9/10/81
1/16/81
10000
10000
7500
7500
25000
1000
1200
300
1820
1000
1000
5500
2500
1000
20000
50
'50
5800
1000
1500
4000
1000
11539
2821
5000
5000
3200
3200
1200
4050
8
3500
6000
'29000
1900
1900
-178.2
10.9
76.4
-41.7
161.9
189.7
597.3
224.6
236.2
185.8
10.4
111.5
191.8
278.5
355.9
-14.1
-67.0
520.0
495.7
690.7
-26.6
34.7
37.4
628.9
232.6
142.9
102.6
270.4
44.0
255.4
51.6
33.9
850.3
224.3
39.5
158.0
88.2
104.5
105.7
64.3
64.8
67.0
104.4
104.0
9.5.9
148.4
57.2
61.0
106.5
90.0
113.9
83.2
88.1
109.0
106.6
103.1
91.6
103.8
61.8
75.5
151.3
58.1
81.2
99.2
58.6
99.6
100.7
61.0
218.2
125.1
106.9
98.0
22
-------
LOCATION
' : TABLE 14
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 c *
KY:AUGUSTA
KY:BARDU'ELL
KY:BEAVER DAM
KY:BEDFORD
KYrBF.NTON
KY:BRANDENBURG
KY:BROOKESVILLE
KY:BUCKNER
KY:CALVERT CITY
KY:CAMPBELLSBURG
KY:CLAY
KY:CLOVERPORT
KY:DOVER
KY:EVARTS
KY:FANCY FARM
KY:FULTON
KY:GARRISON
KY:GHENT
KY:COSHEN
KY:HAWESVILLE
KY:HICKORY
KY:LA CENTER
KY.-LEDBETTER
KY:MAYFIELD
KY:HAYFIELD .
KY:MAYFIELD
KY:MAYSVILLE
KY:MILTON
KY:MURRAY
KY:NEON
KY:NORTONVILLE
KY:PADUCAH
KY:RACELAND'
KY:ROCKIIOLD
KY:SALYERSVILLE
KY:SEBKEE
KY:SILVER GROVE
KY:SMITH'S GROVE
KY:SOUTH SHORE
KY:SYMSONIA
KY:VANCEBURG
KY:WARSAW
KY:WEST POINT
KY:W1IITE PLAINS
KY:M1ITESVILLE
KY:WICKLIFFE
KY:WINGO
KY:WINGO
KY:WORT1UNGTON
KY:WURTLAND
* e = SIGMA ERROR
7/21/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 1/fil
7/20/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 3/81
7/21/81
7/20/81
6/ 1/81
7/20/R1
6/ 2/81
6/ 3/81
7/21/81
8/11/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
7/21/81
7/20/81
7/20/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
7/21/81
7/20/81
6/ 1/81
8/25/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 1/81
7/22/81
8/ 4/81
9/29/81
6/ 2/81
7/21/81
6/ 1/81
7/22/81
6/ 2/81
7/21/81
7/20/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 1/81
6/ 3/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
6/ 2/81
7/22/81
7/22/81
,1800
.1100
4200
2000
5200
1625
1400
12000
3500
5610
2050
2500
1600
2000
2100
3500
1250
1500
2800
11-00
2500
1300
2200
2000
1000
14500
1900
2500
20000
2100
2400
6500
2585
1500
2000
1990
1500
1000
6000
1000
3000
1300
1300
1200
1300
1200
1000
2000
2300
1200
254.4
' 47.5
2.9.8
250.9
26.9
144.1
150.0
. 220.5
132. .3
210.2
-11.5
34.3
184.2
22.6
77.4
-14.7
218.9
226.4
177.6
35.8
140.8
390.9
-9.8.
52.0
10,1.0
. .9.6
250.8
350. .4
•13.1
-23.3
147.7
7.0
211,6
51.2
43.6
296.5
-27.5
-7.9
207.5
340,6
313.6
281.4
268.6
86.1
-9.1
31.8.
6.9
35.4
204.6
72.7
79.0
72.8
73.3
91.2
72.5
107.0
74.4
90.4
74.8.
89.3
117.0
104.6
77.7
67.4
73.3
71.6
78.6
87.6
89.3
105.6
75.0
79.f>
117.3
119.5
120.1
51.6
78.4
91.0
72.5
69.7
74.9
72.4
107.9
62.5
. 73.7
122.9
74.3
72.2
69.3
124.7
80.3
89.2
110.1
74.1
104.8
. 72.2
71.8
72.5
109.2
105.6
23
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 15
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND1WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 e *
MT:ASHLAND
MT:BAKER
MT:BELGRADE
MT:BOULDER
MT:BROWNINC
MT:C1IOTEAU
MT:COLUMBUS
MT:FAIRVIEW
MT:GLASGOW
MT:CLF.NDIVE
MT:HAMILTON
MT:1IARLOWTON
MT:HAVRE
MT:KALISPELL
MT:LAME DEER
MT.-LEWISTON
MT:MALTA
MTrHISSOULA
MT:PLAINS
MT:PLENTYWOOD
MT:POPLAR
MT:RAPELJE
MT:ROUNDUP
MT:SCOBEY
MT:SHELBY
MT:SIDNEY
MT:SUPERIOR
MT:THREE FORKS
MT:TOWNSEND
MT:WARM SPRINGS
MT:WHITEHALL
MT:WOLF POINT
MT:WORDEN
* e » SIGMA ERROR
7/21/R1
3/12/81
2/26/81
2/26/81
2/24/81
2/23/81
4/16/81
3/25/81
3/27/81
5/19/81
3/ 2/81
4/ 3/81
4/12/81
3/ 5/81
7/21/81
3/12/81
3/27/81
3/ 3/81
3/ 4/81
3/26/81
3/26/81
4/29/81
5/ 6/81
3/26/81
2/24/81
3/25/81
3/ 4/81
2/26/81
2/26/81
2/24/81
2/27/81
3/26/81
5/22/81
900
2400
2300
1500
2500
1500
1600
1600
4500
1100
3600
1000
16000
12000
1000
6900
2400
1000
1500
2500
3200
65
2500
1600
3100
6000
1500
1200
1500
850
1200
5000
600
165.8
350.2
890.0
881.2
534.3
102.5
392.1
110.7
87.4
362.0
1258.0
75.1
-7.8
377.6
694.2
100.1
540.8
1889.5
377.5
756.5
434.2
1176.0
47.4
199.4
306.1
198.4
619.9
299.1
619.8
318.6
679.4
73.3
438.8
82.3
59.4
84.3
88.1
112.0
122.6
92.5
80.3
69.4
74.2'
56.8
48.7
104.9
62.3
93.6
55.1
73.1
56.7
67.7
77.3
73.8
111.4
101.5
72.4
107.2
81.3
72.6
77.6
• 80.0
110.0
72.1
74.7
103.1
24
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 16
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES ;
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 c *
NH:ALTON
NHrAMUKRST
Nil: BRISTOL
NH:COLEBROOK.
NI1:CONWAY
MIlrDERRY
NHrEPPING
Nil: EXETER
NHiFARMINCTON
NH:FRANKLIN
NH:HAMPTON
NH:1IENNIKER
MH:HINSDALE
NH:IIOOKSET
NH:HUDSON
N1I:MERRIMACK
NHrMILFORO
NH:N. WALPOLE
Nil: PEMBROKE
NH:PLYMOUTH
NH:RAYMOND
NIIrROLLINSFORD
N11:SEABROOK
Nil: WHITE FIELD
NH:WINCHESTER
* e = SIGMA ERROR
8/ 6/81
8/20/81
8/19/81
7/27/81
11 9/81
A/20/81
9/24/81
4/23/81
8/ 5/81
9/15/81
5/15/81
8/27/81
5/ 6/81
4/21/81
5/13/81
4/29/81
5/19/81
7/24/81
9/ 3/81
7/31/81
9/24/81
R/ 5/81
7/29/81
7/27/81
5/ 6/81
2700
1200
2900
375
2000
8000
1500
11500
3500
7000
26000
3500
3700
400
6000
13000
7500
800
4800
5500
2395
1800
7400
400
3200
1588.0
2500.0
1427.0
737.7
2368.0
1032.8
1995.0
68.7
3799.0
111.4
1306.5
277.4
549.1
3442.5
2579.5
1709.0
866.6
453.1
871.7
2079.0
593.2
583.7
715.8
2577.0
161.3
111.2
125.0
127.5
95.9
118.4
93.0
119.7
89.7
152.0
82.5
150.0
88.8
112.1
137.7
103.2
144.8
90.9
79.5
135.1
124.8
100.9
110.7
1-36.0
128.9
107.3
25
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 17
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES ...
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED .-+ 2 e *
NY:ALDEN
NY:ALFRED
NY:ALFRED
NY:AMACANSETT
NY:AURORA
NY:BALDUINSVILLE
NY:BATH
NY:BAYVILLE
NY:BETHEL
NY:BETHPACE
NY:BREWSTER
NY:BROOKHAVEN
NY:BROOK1IAVEN
NY:CARLE PLACE
NY:CIIESTER
NY:CLIFTON PARK
NY:CLIFTON PARK
NY:CLIFTON PARK
NY:CLINTON
NY:CORNING
NY:CORNWALL
MY:CORTLAND
NY:CROTON ON THE II
NYrDANNEHORA
NY:EAST FISIIKILL
NY:EAST MEADOW
NY:EAST MEADOW
NY:EAST MEADOW
NY:EAST MEADOW
NY:EAST MEADOW
NY:ENDICOTT
NY:FAIRHAVEN
NY:FALLSBURGH
NY:FARMINGDALE
NY: FISIIKILL
NY: FISIIKILL
NY:FRANKFORT
NY:FRANKLIN SQUARE
NY:FREEPORT
NY:FULTON
NY:GARDEN CITY
NY:GARDEN CITY
NY:GLEN COVE
NY:GREAT NECK
NY:HEMPSTEAD
NY:UEKPSTEAD
NY:1IERKIMER
NY:HICKSVILLE
* e « SIGMA ERROR
7/14/81
7/14/81
7/14/81
7/30/81
7/13/81
7/13/81
7/14/81
7/27/81
5/14/81
7/31/81
5/13/81
7/30/81
7/31/81
7/28/81
5/12/81
5/11/81
5/11/81
5/11/81
7/13/81
7/14/81
5/12/81
7/13/81
5/13/81
8/19/81
8/ 1/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/14/81
7/13/81
5/14/81 -
7/28/81
5/13/81
5/13/81
7/13/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/13/81
7/28/81
7/28/81
7/27/81
7/27/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
7/13/81
7/28/81
3500
4000
9999
4203
7200
6500
6100
. 7500
5000
33000
3200
3200
7850
11000
3000
3900
4200
3200
3000
17000
9000
22000
8100
3000
7000
25000
52000
50000
7500
12000
45000
3300
12500
9800
3500
3500
3305
20000
45000
15000
24500
30000
27000
30000
32000
40000
9100
57255
70.0.
469.8
320.2
87.0
1.1
437.7
393.8
73.4
504.7
.120.5
317.7
81.9
120.9
95.4
-12.6
92.1
16.3
6.6
306.0
302.5
10.2
515'.8
395.4
- -32.2
558.4
89.8
31.7
123.7
62.9
73.6
139.7
333.1
647.0
90.7
197.3
194.4
359.0
64.1
45.3
264.9
158.1
227.1
74.8
104.2
16.2
38.1
-2.6
60.5
80.2
79.9
73.5
94.8
89.8
94.5
76.2
69.8
.. 95.6
81.9
99.0
100.2
82.1
74.9.
68.7
62.3
61.4
. 61.0
76.3
7.5.5
60.9
77.4
100. .8
73.8
108.3
120.7
119.0
118.7
60.4
117.6
74.0
91.6
96.6
71.5
98.6
62.2
79.0
123.7
61.1
90.6
74.3
75.9
71.8
76.5
121.4
120.7
72.7
75.8
26
-------
TAHLE 17 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION .(pCi/1)
SERVED + 2 e *
5/12/81
7/13/81
5/14/81
7/14/81
8/12/81
5/13/81
7/28/81
7/28/81
7/30/81
7/28/81
7/29/81
7/31/81
7/31/81
7/31/81
7/31/81
8/ 1/81
7/14/81
7/14/81
7/30/81
7/27/81
5/14/81.
7/13/81
7/27/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
5/11/81
7/27/81
7/29/81
7/29/81
5/13/81
7/28/81
7/13/81
5/12/81 .
5/12/81
7/13/81
8/ 1/81
5/12/81
5/12/81
7/14/81
5/15/81
7/31/81
7/14/81
7/27/81
7/28/81
5/14/81
1 7/27/81
1 7/27/81
5/13/81
5500
4242
4100
10000
3900
8500
40000
51260
3135
30000
37992
6000
25000
6600
11500
17850
39795
18025
5000
124930
5000
8000
8000
35000
260720
7000
44000
51000
170000
23000
25000
3300
5000
6000
3000
3500
9000
26500
8500
10000
160720
5000
10225
40000
8800
32000
3011
5000
-49.9
364.9
403.7
473.1
-40.7
-14.3
122.4
117.2
107.6
26.1
54.0
90.0
125.8
-11.7
13.1
107.5
166.3
478.0
90.6
167.3
791.5
16.2
312.9
34.6
120.3
109.8
67.9
125.6
78.4
24.4
289.7
443.0
-17.5
332.1
323.9
193.1
-43.1
7.9
-7.7
376.3
62.4
419.1
314.2
131.8
101.8
4.3
206.7
33.9
67.4
77.2
92.1
78.0
144.4
58.7
80.3
79.1
102.5
75.9
63.7
78.5
79.8
74.2
77.6
104.0
75.3
76.5
103.5
78.0
102.2
71.2
74.6
59.1
60.5
62.5
74.7
63.5
62.7
93.9
78.3
79.5
68.2
66.3
75.8
103.3
58.8
60.3
80.7
77.1
76.8
75.4
73.8
77.7
89.1
72.4
75.3
59.1
SIGMA ERROR
27
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 e *
NY:RIVERHEAD
NY:ROCKVILLE CENTE
NYrROSLYN
NYrROSLYN HEIGHTS
NY:ROTTERDAM
NY:SCIIF.NECTADY
NY:SCOTIA
NY:SCOTIA
NY:SELDON
NY:S110REHAM
NYrSMITHTOWN
NY:SOUTH FARMINCDA
NYrSOUTHHAMI'TQN
NY:SOUTHHOLD
NYrSOUTUIIOLD
NYrSPRIKGVlLLE
NY:SUFFERN
NY:SYOSSET
NY:ULSTER
NY:VESTAL
NY:VESTAL
NY:VOORIIEESVILLE
NY:WALLKILL
NY:WALTON
NY:WAPPINCERS FALL
NY:WAPPINGERS FALL
NY:WARSAW
MY:WARWICK
NY:WAVERLY
NY:WEBSTER
NY:WESTP.URY
NY:WILLISTON PARK
NY:WOODBURY
NY:WOODSTOCK
* e = SIGMA ERROR
7/30/81
7/29/81
7/27/81
7/27/81
5/ 7/fll
5/15/81
5/ 7/81
5/ 7/81
7/30/81
7/30/81
7/30/81
7/31/8i
7/30/81
7/30/81
7/30/81
7/14/81
7/27/81
7/28/81
5/12/81
7/14/81
7/14/81
5/ 6/81
5/12/81
8/14/81
5/13/81
5/13/81
7/14/81
5/12/81
7/14/81
7/13/81
7/28/81
7/28/81
7/28/81 '
5/12/81
9300
28500
27500
13000
24717
100000
12097
7600
4195
100QQ
6800
55000
9000
3000
6851
5000
9500
59000
5300
3700
8760
3200
70QO
4QOO
3000
5300
3594
4000
5255
3 A 000
20050
9265
4500
4300
118.6
22.1
46.6
22.8
267.1
361.8
191.4
126.7
119.2
150.0
ioo.o
86.4
157.4
86.7
16.2
287^5
192.5
93.6
-1K5
577.8
235.8
300.5
178.6
-55.4
188.1
496.0
-26.5
22.4
294.5
-21.1
81.9
109.7
102.5
728.1
1Q0.1
60.4
71 1 1
71.9
89.0
77.7
86.6
85.9
102.6
ioo.4
104.0
82.7
94.1
92.0
96.0
77.6
79.7
63.3
(50.1,
83.7
70.7
108.1
64.3
104.3
61.8
66.9
77.8
69.2
77.8
87.6
75.3
147.1
80.4
74.7
28
-------
LOCATION
, TABLE 18
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 e *
OI1:ANDOVER
OH:ATHENS
OH:BELLE FONTAINE
OII:BELPRE
Oil: BRYAN
OH:CANTON
OH:CHILLICOT11E-
OH:CHILLICOT11E
OM:CHILLICOT11E .
OIUCOLUMBIANA
OH:COS1IOCTON
OH:CRESTLINE
OIUCUYAHOGA FALLS
OH:DAYTON
OH:DELPHOS
OH:DOVER
Oil:EAST PALESTINE
OH:EATON
OH:ENCLEWOOD
OH:FAIRBORN
OH:FRANKLIN
OH:FRANKLIN •
OH:GALLIPOLIS
OIkGALLIPOLIS
OH:GERMANTOHN'
OH:GRAMVILLE
OH:GREENFIELD
Oil-.HAMILTON
Oil: HARRISON
OIUHILLSBORO
OH:HUBBARD
OH:HUBER HEIGHTS
OH:HUNTER
OH:KENT
OH:KINGS MILLS
01! LANCASTER
OH:LEBANON
OH-.LOCKLAND
OH:LOGAN
Oil: LONDON
OH:LOUISVILLE
OH:LOVELAND
OH:LUCASVILLE
OH:MARIETTA
OH:MARTINS FERRY
011: MASON
OH:MASSILLON
OH:MIAMISBURG
* e = SIGMA ERROR
7/29/81
6/22/81
4/29/81
6/22/81
4/29/81
8/ 4/81
6/23/81
6/23/81
6/23/81
7/22/81
7/21/81
5/ 5/81
7/29/81
8/18/81
4/29/81
7/21/81
7/22/81
8/10/81
8/18/81
6/24/81
8/ 5/81
7/14/81
6/23/81
6/23/81,
8/ 6/81
6/29/81
6/30/81
R/10/81
8/ 5/01
6/30/81'
7/30/81
8/18/81
8/ 5/8L -
7/29/81
8/10/81
6/29/81
7/13/81
8/ 5/81
6/29/81
5/ 4/H1
8/ 4/81
8/ 5/81
6/23/81
6/22/81
7/22/81
7/13/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 6/81
5000
23310
12000
8000
8000
125000
6500
6000
28000
5000
15000
5947
60000
280000
8000
12000
6200
6800
11240
32000
65000
12000
11200
5200
5652
6800
5200
80000
5400 .
3900
8400
35660
10000
26164
100RO
32668
8500
4300
6500
7000
8000
9000
28000
20000
17000
7500
67000
17000
0.0
117.5
487.6
372.0
5.8
121.6
76.7
181.5
77.6
54.0
218.5
203.6
82.1
189.4
11.0
201.9
180.1
40.3
289.4
44.1
110.9
337.4
130.9
367.1
218.6
54.0
647.2
133.4
212.9
38.0
1.1
685.9
45.1
35.8
87.5
31.0
36.8
69.7
94.4
110.0
33.9
295.5
95.6
188.7
297.6
57.3
57.5
-7.4
66.3
74.5
138.9
81.7
60.5
65.6
63.7
72.9
64.7
66.4
64.0
73.9
69.5
59.3
61.7
62.8
68.4
59.9
60.6
62.9
64.0
69.1
61.4
70.4
89.7
59.3
70.7
74.3
69.6
59.8
88.8
68.6
64.6
67.1
73.5
60.3
59.7
' 67.8
60.8
58.9
60.3
70.9
64.9
78.8
69.9
60.2
61.4
85.9
29
-------
LOCATION
TAHLE 18 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 fe *
OIUMIANISVILLE
OH:MILFORD
OH:MILLVILLE
OH:MIMGO JUNCTION
OH:MORAINE
OH:MORROW
OH:HT. VERNON
OH:N. CANTON
OH:NEW CARLISLE
OH:NEW PHILADELPHI
OH:NEW RICHMOND
OII:OAKWOOD
OH:ORVILLE
OH:OXFORD
OH:RAVENNA
oil:RICKENBACKER AF
OH:RITTMAN
OH:SHADYSIDE
OH: SPRINGFIELD'
OH:SPRINGFIELD
OH:ST. MARY'S
01I:TIPP CITY
OH:TRENTON
OH:TROY
OIUTUPPEUS PLAINS
OH:URBANA
011:W. CARROLTON
OH:WADSWORTH
OH:WAPAKONETA
OH:WAVERLY
01UWESTERVILLE
OH:WESTERViLLE
OH:WOOSTER
OH:WYOMING
OH:XENIA
OH:ZANESVILLE
* e - SIGMA ERROR
7/13/81
7/13/81
8/10/81
7/22/81
8/18/81
7/13/81
7/21/81
8/ 4/81
4/30/81
7/21/81
7/13/81
8/18/81
8/ A/81
8/ 5/81
7/29/81
6/26/81
7/30/81
7/23/81
4/30/81
4/30/81
4/29/81
4/30/81
8/ 5/81
4/30/81
6/22/R1
4/30/81
8/18/81
7/29/81
4/29/81
6/23/81
5/ 5/81
6/26/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 5/8i
6/24/81
7/23/81
38000
15500
20000
6600
154000
5250
13500
30000
7500
16000
12194
10500
9000
22500
19500
5000
6600
4743
6220
75000
10000
5500
7000
18000
6500
12000
11350
16000
8000
5500
11700
7900
20000
10000
25000
40000
550.0
543.9
168.3
414.0
283.8
98:0
76.4
129.3
117.3
155.1
233.9
289.4
118.6
153:7
54.8
19;3
28:8
327;9
195:8
32.6
139:9
295:6
310.6
-42.6
306:4
680:5
292 ;f>
I4i7
2li3
66,8
51;8
-10;5
l4243
129.4
102.1
138.7
68.6
67.9
74.1
72.4
62.3
62.0
62,3
62.3
107:4
62;3
101.8
73.6
63.3
66.4
67;4
52:4
87.4
92.6
66:3
89,3
65il
96.1
69.7
89,6
79.3
113.6
73.1
68:6
63.6
62.3
72:6
72.1
63.7
66.9
63.9
.88.0
30
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 19
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND WATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 e *
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR:
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
AMITY
AUMSVILLE
BEND
BEND
BORING
BORING
BURNS
3/27/81
3/27/81
5/22/81
9/29/81
2/ 6/81
21 6/81
9/29/81
CHRISTMAS VALLE10/ 5/81
DAYTON 3/27/81
:DRAIN 5/18/81
[DUNDEE 3/27/81
:ELCIN 9/28/81
:CLADSTONE 3/24/81
:11ARRISBURG 1/22/81
:1IERMISTON 9/28/81
:HINES 9/29/81
:IIOOD RIVER 3/19/81
:HOOD RIVER 3/19/81
:IIUBBARD 3/27/81
:INDEPENDENCE 3/27/81
:JANTZEN BEACH 3/24/81
rJEFFERSON 1/22/81
:J01IN DAY 9/29/81
FUNCTION CITY 1/22/81
:KLAflATII FALLS 5/19/81
:LAKE OSUEGO 3/24/81
:LAKEVIEK 10/ 8/81
:LAKF.VIEW 5/21/81
:MADRAS 5/22/81
:MILTON-FREEWATE 9/28/81
:MILWAUKIE 3/24/81
:MOUNT ANGEL 1/26/81
:NEW PINE CREEK 10/ 7/81
:MEWBERG 3/27/81
:NYSSA 9/29/81
:OAKRIDGE 10/ 5/81
:ODELL 3/19/81
:ONTARIO 9/29/81
:ORECON CITY 3/24/81
:PAISLEY 10/ 5/81
:PIIOENIX 5/18/81
:PILOT ROCK 9/28/81
:PORTLAND 3/24/81
:PRINEVILLE 5/22/81
:ROGUE RIVER 5/18/81
:SALEM 1/26/81
:SALF.M 1/26/81
:SALEM 1/26/81
= SIGMA ERROR
1000
1500
1950
1080
1200
4175
3600
UNK
1200
1200
1780
1460
10000
1400
5500
1800
4000
5374
1170
3145
2000
1140
1700
2900
35000
3504
UNK
2740
6000
4550
17300
2480
Uf.'K
10000
2838
4500
5000
7150
1200
UNK
1575
1750
2260
4800
1200
1200
1330
2400
214.7
382.6
150.6
128.9
181.2
159.5
234.7
87.1
261.3
-5.3
229.6
150.4
275.5
14.1
19.1
140.6
214.1
290.1
120.8
383.4
145.6
348.8
179.6
234.2
378.8
683.0
143.1
-25.2
21.9
310.3
322.7
196.8
1219.5
211.1
635.0
228.0
68.5
195.8
25.2
629.2
81.4
71. H
389.0
512.4
124.6
342.7
284.6
986.5
67.6
69.4
95.4
128.2
47.8
47.9
137.1
89.6
67.8
88.0
66.9
71.9
45.4
57.0
70.4
134.4
55.6
55.0
67.6
68.8
45.1
59.1
146.3
58.5
82.4
47.8
102.6
105.3
92.2
76.0
45.2
55.8
134.2
66.5
135.9
77.2
53.2
128.0
43.5
97.4
87.8
70.7
46.7
99.9
89.0
56.5
58.3
63.9
31
-------
LOCATION
TABLE 19 (CONTINUED)
RADON IN PUBLIC GROUND HATER SUPPLIES
COLLECTION POPULATION Rn-222 CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
DATE SERVED + 2 e *
OR:SHERWOOD
OR:SILVER LAKE
OR:SPRINGFIELD
OR:SPRINGFIELD
OR:ST. HELENS
OR:STANFIELD
OR:SUMMER LAKE
OR:SUNRIVF.R
OR:THE DALLES
OR:UMATILLA
OR:VALE
ORrVALLEY FALLS
OR:VENETA
OR:WARREN
OR:WESTSIDE
OR:WOOD VILLAGE
ORiWOODBURN
3/27/81
10/ 5/81
4/ 7/81
4/ 7/81
3/18/81
9/28/81
10/ 5/81
5/22/81
3/19/81
9/28/81
9/29/81
10/ 5/81
4/ 7/81
3/18/81
10/ 7/81
2/ 6/81
1/26/81
2000
UNK
38620
14000
7000
1250
UNK
1500
2600
2740
1790
UKK
1560
1300
UNK
1522
10000
1024.1
610.4
13.7
564.9
401.4
252*9
-36.2
-289 s 5
227.7
90S5
350;9
339.4
383^5
471.3
282 \ 9
108^6
415.0
76.5
96;1
88.1
132*7
67.2
74.6
86.8
4734.2
54*5
72,5
126.5
164 i 2
130*1
63.5
Ii9.8
46*7
64.3
UNK=UNKNOUN
SIGMA ERROR
32
-------
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
The external gamma monitoring program, which began in October
1978, provides a continuous measurement of ambient gamma exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United States. Data from this program will be used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions and to provide a means of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels due to weapons fallout, reactor
operations, etc. Initially, the program will consist of
approximately 22 sites representing a wide geographic coverage
throughout the country. Hopefully, at some later date additional
sites will be added to the program. Although exposure measurements
at these few sites are not totally representative of nationwide
exposures, they will be indicative of national trends.
The monitoring program utilizes CaFoiMn thermoluminescent
dosimeters (TLD's). These dosimeters are commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields. A group
of four TLD's is located at each station or site. Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in the field.
The dosimeters are returned to EERF for readout on an approximate
one-month cycle. Several dosimeters are annealed by the station
operator as controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.
Results from the period July 1981 through September 1981 are
shown in Table 20.
33
-------
TABLE 20
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
•AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
NY:NEW YORK
NY:NEW YORK
Oil: COLUMBUS
Oil: COLUMBUS
Oil: COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAUOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
OR:PORTLAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA:11AP.RISCURC
PA:IIARRISI5URG
PA:1IARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBUUCI1
PA:PITTSBURGH
PA:PITTSDURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
RI:PROVIDE1ICE
RI:PROVIDENCE
DATE RANGE
70181- 80381
80381- 90181
90181-100181
70281- 73181
73181- 83181
83181-100181
70781- 80581
80581- 82881
82881- 93081
70181- 80581
80581- 91581
91581-100181
70681- 80581
80581- 90881
90881-100581
70781- 80481
80481- 90181
90181-100281
62981- 73181
70681- 73181
73181- 90181
90181-100181
70281- 72881
72881- 82881
82881- 92581
71481- 73181
73181- 83181
83181- 93081
70881- 80481
80481- 90881
90881rl00181
70681- 73081
73081- 90181
90181-1001«1
70981- 80581
80581- 90881
90881-100501
70281- 73181
73181- 90281
90281-100281
70681- 80381
80381- 90281
90281-100281
70181- 80681
80681-90481
90481-100281
707G1- 81281
81281- 90281
90281-100881
INTEGRATED
EXPOSURE
MR +
8.68
7.32
8.13
4.06
4.37
4.34
10.31
8.59
10.07
4.67
5.48
2.06
9.83
11.02
8.46
4.76
5.11
11.75
6.94
6.38
8.01
7.11
8.32
9.97
9.23
2.77
5.14
5.03
4.68
6.47
4.30
4.50
5.69
5.37
5.06
6.36
5.10
5.56
5.85
5.14
4.63
4.62
4.68
10.51
8.59
8.21
8.87
5.33
8.89
EXPOSURE
RATE
2 e MICRO R/HR + 2 e *
8.1
8.4
7.9
17.6
5.1
6.0
4.5
4.3
4.1
5.0
19.1
6.7
6.2
4.5
10.1
5.1
7.5
4.6
6.4
4.7
4.0
3.6
8.2
5.5
10.0
5.7
4.6
5.0
4.7
17.4
5.4
7.1
6.7
5.3
6.2
6.3
4.3
4.1
14.0
4.5
7.8
9.0
4.. 8
3.6
6.4
4.2
3.5
4.4
4.0
10.96
10.51
11.29
5.84
5.87
5.83
14.81
15.56
12.71
5.56
5.57
5.35
13.65
13.50
13.06
7.08
7.61
15.80
9.04
10.64
10.43
9;87
13.33
13.40
13.74
6.79
6.91
6.98
7.22
7.71
7.79 '
7.81
7.18
7.45
7.81
7.79
7.88
7.98
7.39
7.13
6.P.9
6.42
6.50
12.17
12.34
12.22
10.27
10.58
10.29
8.1
8.4
7.9
17.6
5.1
6.0
4.5
4.3
4.1
5.0
19.1
6.7
6;2
4.5
10.1
5.1
7.5
4.6
6.4
4;7
4.0
3.6
8.2
5;5
10.0
5.7
4.6
5;0
4.7
17.4
5.4
7.1
6.7
5.3
6.2
6.3
4.3
4.1
14.0
4.5 -
7.8
9.0
4.8
3.6
6.4
4.2
3.5
4.4
4.0
34
-------
TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT HOf.'ITORINC PROGRAM
LOCATION
SC:BARNWELL
SC:BARNUELL
SCrBARNl.'ELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
TNtKNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VA:RICHMOND
VT:I10NTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
VT:MONTPELIER
DATE RANGE
INTEGRATED
EXPOSURE
EXPOSUPvE
RATE
MR + 2 e MICRO R/1IR + 2 e *
70181- 73081
73081- 82781
82781- 92481
63081- 72881
72881- 82881
82881- 92581
62981-72781
72781- 82781
82781-100581
70181- 80181
80181- 83181
83181-100581
71081- 80681
80681- 90481
90481-100581
5.92
5.64
5.73
6.04
6.71
6.11
6.26
6.70
8.61
6.92
6.25
7.51
5.32
5.71
6.14
18.3
4.4
6.3
4.7
5.2
6.8
10.1
8.0
4.5
10.1
4.4
12.8
6.3
13.5
4.8
8.50
8.39
8.53
8.98
9.02
9.09
9.32
9.01
9.20
9.30
8.69
8.95
8.21
8.21
8.25
18.3
4.4
6.3
4.7
5.2
6.8:
10.1
8.0
4.5
10.1
4.4
12.8
6.3
13.5
4.8
SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
35
-------
SECTION IV". Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
This is a cooperative program of the EPA, ORP and the Pairy and
Lipid Products Branch, Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug
Administration. Milk is a reliable indicator of the general
populations intake of radionuclides since it is consumed by a large
segment of the population and contains several of the biologically
important contaminants resulting from environmental releases from
nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain
reliable monitoring data relative to current radiqnuclide
concentrations and determine any longrterm trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with one or
more located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal. These
are .composite samples representing more than 80 percent of the milk:
consumed in major population centers.
These samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium*140,
cesium-137, and potassium. All 65 samples are analyzed annually in
July for strontiuro-89, and strontiunr90. Also, for tjie first month
of the three quarters beginning January, April and October, 10
regional composite samples of milk made up from the states within
each of EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for sprontium-89 and
strontium*90.
Iodine-131, barium^lAO, cesium-137 and potassium are determined
by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 are
determined by beta counting a total sjtrontium precipitate which has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.
The values from the pasteurized milk samples for July ,-
September 1981 are shown in Tables 21 - 23. Strontium .89 and 90 in
pasteurized milk from all stations for July through September 1981
are shown in Table 24.
Tritium ^£ Milk
It was previously proposed to analyze all 65 milk samples for
tritium in the aqueous and organic phases, on an annual basis (09 the
April sample). The EERF is currently evaluating alternative
analytical techniques anticipating that these analyses will begin
during the coming year.
36
-------
TABLE 21
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JULY 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ;ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO'.DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
DATE
COLLECTED
11 9/81
11 6/81
11 8/81
.77 9/81
11 1/81
11 9/81
7/29/81
11 6/81
7/20/81
77 6/81
.7/ 6/81
7/ 7/81
7/ 6/81
7/15/81
11 6/81
7/ 6/81
11 7/81
7/30/81
7/ 7/81
11 6/81
7/ 7/81
11 8/81
7/ 6/81
7/ 7/81
11 9/81
7/ 2/81
11 7/81
7/ 6/81-
7/ 7/81
7/27/81
7/10/81
7/ 6/81
11 9/81
7/ 6/81
7/ 6/81
11 6/81
7/ 8/81
11 7/81
7/ 6/81
7/ 6/81
11 6/81
7/ 8/81
7/10/81
7/21/81
K "'
8/1 +
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
.30
.34
.43
.47
.41
.37
.29
.53
.31
.34
.41
.46
.37
.39
.40
.35
.35
.31
.40
.48
.39
.45
.42
.34
.43
.33
.35
.45
.29
.36
.05
.39
.33
.43
.39
.51
.45
.37
.25
.32
.30
.41
.34
.34
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
•
^
•
•
e
12
07
08
12
12
.12
.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
12
12
12
12
12
12
08
22
12
08
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
08
22
12
11
08
12
08
12
22
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
22
rCs
1
-------
TABLE 21 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JULY 1981
DATE K 137Cs 140Ba 131I
LOCATION COLLECTED g/1 + e pCi/l+e pCi/l+e pCi/l*e
SD:RAPID CITY 7/ 9/81 1.35 0.12 6. 7. *4. 8. -2. 7.
TN:CHATTANOOGA, 7/ 6/81 1.47 0.08 4. 5. -6. 6. 2. 5.
TN:KNOXVILLE 7/ 6/81 1.40 0.12 1. 7. *5. 8. -1. 7.
UTrSALT LAKE CITY 7/ 9/81 1.42 0.12 8. 7. -4. 8. -1. 7.
VA:NORFOLK 7/ 2/81 1.46 0.08 4. 5. 0. 6. -2. 5.
VTrBURLINGTON 7/10/81 1.34 0.12 2. 7. -1. 8. -1. 7.
WA:SEATTLE 7/ 6/81 1.41 0.08 0. 5. -2. 6. 0. 5.
WA:SPOKANE 7/ 6/81 1.39 0.22 15. 15. -11. 19. *10. 13.
WIrMILWAUKEE 7/ 8/81 1.43 0.12 2. 7. -5. 8. 0. 7.
WV:CHARLESTON 7/ 6/81 1.39 0.12 6. 7. -4. 8. -3. 7.
WY:LARAMIE 7/15/81 1.36 0.12 -1. 7. -4. 8. 0. 7.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
38
-------
TABLE 22
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
AUGUST 1981
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA-.SAN FRANCISCO
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
CA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MD: BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
DATE
COLLECTED
8/ 6/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 5/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 5/81
8/ 6/81
. 8/ 3/81
8/ 7/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 3/81
8/24/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 5/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 7/81
8/ 6/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 7/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 5/81
8/ 3/81
8/10/81
8/ 7/81
8/ 5/81
8/ 3/81 '
8/ 3/81
8/ 4/81
8/24/81
8/10/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 4/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 3/81
8/18/81
8/11/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 3/81
8/ 5/81
8/10/81
8/14/81
K 1J'
g/l±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.40
.39
.37
.53
.30
.31
.31
.37
.39
.37
.36
.39
.32
.29
.40
.38
.24
.37
.43
.38
.52
.39
.42
.35
.40
.33
.47
.38
.42
.38
.35
.33
.38
.48
.44
.36
.29
.44
.43
.39
.43
.29
.40
.38
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
e
12
12
12
12
22
12
08
12
12
12
12
08
12
21
22
12
12
12
12
12
22
08
12
12
08
12
08
12
22
12
12
12
12
12
08
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
'Cs
pCi/l+e
2
. 1
•1
•4
.-. o
: 2
6
7
0
12
-.2
6
-4
*12
3
' *2
3
1
7
2
6
10
3
4
2
6
2
2
-6
4
1
5
-1
0
3
0
-2
2
*1
6
4
4
6
1
•
•
*
•
•
•
•
,
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• ,
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
.
•
•
•
•
•
7.
7.
7.
7.
15.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
14.
15.
7.
7.
7..
7.
7.
15.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
14.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
Lt\
'Ba
pCi/l+e
"8.
-4.
•5.
•4.
*16.
•7.
•6.
0.
•7.
-4.
-7.
*6.
•3.
•23.
•24.
-2.
-2.
•10.
-6.
-8.
-15.
-9.
-10.
*7.
-8.
-6.
*7.
2.
*17..
-9.
-6.
-7.
-2.
-7.
-4.
0.
•3.
*4.
-4.
*3.
-5.
•6.
0.
-4.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
19.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
19.
6.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
19.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
ijj
LI
pCi/l+e
.2.
3.
o.
-3.
•16.
-7.
-2.
-3.
•1.
•6.
3.
-2.
-3.
-4.
'•14.
1.
-2.
3.
-1.
*3.
-4.
-7.
2.
-4.
-1.
-3.
-2.
•4.
-7.
•1.
-5.
2.
2.
•2.
-2.
-2.
•1.
•8.
-6.
-1.
-7.
2.
*4.
*5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
'5.
7.
13.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
13.
5.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
39
-------
TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
AUGUST 1981
LOCATION .
SDrRAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:FT. WORTH
UTiSALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
8/
8/
8/
8/
8/
8/
8/
7/81
3/81
3/81
6/81
3/81
7/8t
7/81
8/31/81
8/
8/
8/
4/81
3/81
3/81
8/25/81
K
8/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.34
.37
.28
.33
.39
.46
.43
.35
.39
.38
.38
.32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e •
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.12
.07
.12
.08
.08
Cs
pCi/l+e
3.
2.
3.
1.
-4.
3.
7.
7.
3.
3.
2.
•2.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
4.
7.
5.
5.
1HU
Ba
pCi/l+e
*6.
•3.
•3.
•9.
•2.
-8.
0.
•5.
-4.
-2.
•7.
-2.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
8.
5.
8.
6.
6.
ui
I
pCi/l+e
0.
-3.
5.
-3.
*1.
i.
*8i
3.
2.
-2.
0.
2.
7.
i.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
4.
7.
5.
5.
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
40
-------
TABLE 23
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
SEPTEMBER 1981
LOCATION
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
KS:WICHITA
MA:BOSTON
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NV-.LAS VEGAS
OH CLEVELAND
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PC .-CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
VT:BURLINGTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
9/ 9/81
9/ 1/81
9/10/81
9/29/81
9/1 4/81
9/ 8/81
9/' 1/81
9/23/81
9/ 1/81
9/ 2/81
9/ 8/81
9/ 9/81
9/15/81
9/14/81
9/10/81
9/ 8/81
9/22/81
9/14/81
9/' 8/81
9/ 8/81
9/'8/81
9/11/81
9/ 9/81
9/ 3/81
9/: 8/81
9/ 8/81
9/ 9/81
9/ 9/81
9/ 4/81
9/18/81
K
g/1 ±
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.1
1
1
1
1
1
.46
.43
.53
.41
.44
.40
.37
.44
.34
.31
.37
.30
.38
.41
.39
.42
.42
.34
.48
.43
.37
.27
.42
.47
.45
.43
.44
.39
.33
.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
p
0
0
e.
.08
.22
.12
.08
.12
.12
.12
.13
.12
.12
.08
.12
.08
.12
.22
.22
.08
.12
.08
.08
.12
.08
.08
.12
.12
.12
.12
.08
.12
.21
FCs
pCi/l+e
0.
-13.
0.
7.
4.
10.
7.
5.
4.
5.
3.
-3.
7.
-3.
5.
1.
5.
4.
-2.
4.
11.
7.
7.
6.
6.
2.
3.
2.
4.
6.
5.
14.
7.
5.
7.
7.
7.
9.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
7.
15.
15.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7.
5.
5.
7.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
15.
iHV
'Ba
pCi/l+e
-2.
-46.
-4.
0.
1.
•il .
-5.
*8.
1.
-3.
*4.
-2.
*4.
*4.
-10.
"15.
0.
-1.
*4.
-5.
-5.
-2.
-5.
4.
3.
2.
-7.
0.
0.
-13.
6.
29..
8.
6.
8.
8.
8.
11.
8.
8.
6.
8.
6.
8.
19.
19.
6.
8.
6.
6.
a.
6.
6.
8.
8".
8.
8.
6.
8.
19.
i ji
I
pCi/l+e
9.
-.9.
*5.
20.
il.
7..
0.
4.
1.
7.
4.
*3.
2.
-3.
0.
-1.
9.
3.
0.
3..
"3.
2.
4.
-l.
l.
-2.
3.
2.
3.
0.
5
13
7
8
7
7
7
8
7
7
5
7
5
7
13
13
5
7
5
5
7
5
5
7
7
. 7
7
5
7
13
*
•
•
*
•
*
—
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
9
•
•
*(
t
*
•
•
•
•
•
NS NO SAMPLE
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING 'ERROR
41
-------
TABLE 24
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MlLK
ANNUAL REPORT
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1981
EPA
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:TAMPA
CA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
1A:DES MOINES
ip:IDAlib FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WIClilTA
kY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
mi BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME: PORTLAND
MI:DETRbiT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINN/ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:S'f; LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAliA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
11 9/81
8/ 3/81
11 8/81
7/ 9/81
it i/si
11 9/81
7/29/81
7/ 6/81
8/ 7/81
7/20/81
11 6/81
7/ 6/8i
7/ 7/81
7/ 6/81
7/15/81
11 6/81
7/ .6/81
8'/ 7/81
ll 7/81
7/30/81
11. 7/81
7/ 6/81
li 7/81
7/ 8/8i
7/ 6/81
11 7/81
7/ 9/81
11 2/8l
7/ 7/81
7/ 6/81
7/7/81
7/27/81
7/10/81
7/ 6/81
77 9/81
8/ 4/81
11 6/81
7/ 6/81
7/ 6/81
11 8/81
7/ 7/81
11 6/81
90
pCi/1
2;5
6.7
b.9
b;S
1.0
Oi6
2.4
3.5
3.1
3;6
2.b
3;4
1.2
4s2
2;4
4.8
3ib
3.2
4:1
4;8
5;i
4.2
4;9
4.5
5i4
4sl
3.9
3.3
3 id
4;3
5;3
3 j4
1.2
4;6
4.6
1.6
2.7
4.2
2.4
3.8
4. '2
1.9
Sr
± c
b.8
1 '" M
f\ , Q
b;7
bs9
b.4
0;8
iil
i.b
i:b
p;6
1:2
b;9
iji
bjR
i;2
; b;8
Id
0:8
U2
1;2
Ii2
1*3
1:4
1.3
1.0
l;b
d.-9
d;6
l,b
1 ;2
0:9
0.6
lib
1.2
0.9
0.8
1.1
0.7
i.b
1;1
b.5
89S
pCi/1
1:
1;
6.
1.
0.
1:
1:
i j
I*
i .
2.
0.
5i
2:
2:
1:
2;
2;
4,
i;
li
0;
Oj
Oi
0;
2;
2i
3.
5.
2;
2.
2.
i.
2;
i.
i.
2.
2.
4:
2.
i.
3.
r
f e*
3 •
5.
5i
Si
5i
5.
5s
5*
5;
5;
5;
^.
5;
6 .,
Si;
5.
5i
5;
5.
5.-
5:
5.
§ i
5.
5;
5.-
5;
5.
5;
5.
5.
5.
5;
5.-
5s
5.
5:
5.
5.
5.
5.*
5.
42
-------
TABLE 24 (CONTINUF.D)
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
ANNUAL REPORT
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1981
F.PA
LOCATION
OR:PORTLAND
PA:PHILADELPHIA
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TNtKNOXVILLE
TX:FT. WORTH
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
UA:SPOKANE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV: CHARLESTON.
WY:LARAMIE
9°Sr
pCi/1 + e
11 6/81
11 6/81
8/ 5/81
11 8/81
7/io/ni
7/21/81
11 9/81
11 6/81
11 6/81
8/ 6/81
11 9/81
11 2/81
7/10/81
11 6/81
11 6/81
11 R/81
11 f>/81
7/15/81
3.4
3.0
4.5
1.2
1.0
3.3
3.5
3.1
3.8
3.7
3.0
3.4
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.8
4.9
0.4
1.0
0.8
1.1
1.0
0.5
1.1
0.9
0.7
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.3
0.8
1.0
O.R
1.0
1,2
6.3
89Sr
pCi/1 + e*
2. 5.
3. 5.
2. 5.
0. 5.
1. 5.
0. 5.
2. 5.
3. 5.
0. 5.
0. 5.
1. 5.
0. 5.
5. 5.
2. 5.
3. 5.
1. 5.
l'. 5.
1. 5.
e 2 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
e* ANALYTICAL ERROR.TERM .WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE, COUNTING ERROR
43
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Milk
Ten milk sampling sites near plutonium handling facilities, plus
2 sites chosen for background information, are analyzed annually for
piiitonium and uranium. Analytical techniques approximate those used
for air filters.
Only plutonium analyses were performed on the 1974 samples, hut
due to increased emphasis on levels of natural radioactivity; uranium
analyses were included for 1975 • 1976 samples. Data for samples
collected April 1978 were reported in ERD 14.
Iodine-129 in Milk
Thesis analyses were designed to assess environmental levels of
iodine-129 around nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities; Annual
samples collected from Montgomery, Alabama (background); Idaho
Falls, Idaho; Chicago; Illinois; Buffalo, New York; and
Charleston, South Carolina; are analyzed for iodine-129 and stable
iodine-127. Results for 1978 were reported in ERD 17;
Carbon-14 in Milk
Nine stations, chosen for wide geographical distribution,
contribute milk samples for annual analysis for carbon-14. These
samples have monitored the carbbri-14 leveils in the food chain
resulting fr6in nuclear testing;
Analysis consists of combusting the samples and measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.
The results of carbon-14 analysis on samples collected during
May 1974 were repbrted in ERD Report 2, September 1975.
44
-------
SECTION V. Human Bone Program
The Human Bone Program (formerly Human Bone Network) began
operation in 1961 to obtain data on the concentration of strontium-90
in man by age and geographical region. The target population for
this network is comprised of children and young adults up to 25 years
of age. The bone specimens were limited to accident victims or
persons who had died of'an acute disease process that was not likely
to impair bone metabolism.
The following are operational characteristics of this program:
All samples are composited according to 'age and geographical
locations.
Strontium-90, plutonium*238 and -239, and calcium analyses are
performed annually on the composite samples.
No additional bone samples were procured past FY-75. Analysis
of samples on hand will be completed and results evaluated'.
45
-------
SECTION VI. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
Air and Milk Program
An agreement was made in 1962 with the Pan American Health
Organization (PAHO) to develop a collaborative program for furnishing
assistance to health authorities in the Americas for developing
programs of radiological health. The agreement provided limited
quantities of essential equipment on a loan basis to PAHO which were
needed to establish surveillance programs, and also provided the
requisite laboratory services for analysis of air particulates, milk,
water, and other samples. Technical advice was given on research
designs for radiological health programs.
Analyses prior to January 1977 included the following:
Milk -4 monthly samples analyzed for gamma"emitting
radionuclides, strontium-89, -90.
Air particulates - 12 stations with daily samples analyzed for
gross beta.
Beginning January 1, 1977, the PAHO Air Program was discontinued
and milk sampling was reduced to quarterly collection.
The PAHO programs are included organizationally as an ancillary
function of the ERAMS.
Results of the Pan American surface air particulate analyses for
October » December 1976 were reported in ERD f).
Results of the Pan American milk quarterly analyses for October
•» December 1978 were reported'in ERD 16.
46
-------
DATA - STATE AGENCIES
Radiologic Health Section
California Department of Health
California Air Sampling Program
The Radiologic Health Section of the California Department of
Health with the assistance of several cooperating agencies, maintains
a statewide air sampling-network. One of the objectives of this
program.is to measure and evaluate the contribution of fixed effluent
sources to particulate activity in the air., Data from air , samplers
placed in proximity to nuclear facilities are compared with
information obtained from similar equipment in communities close to
the facilities and at several "background" or control stations.
Airborne particles are .collected by a continuous sampling of air
filtered through a 47 millimeter membrane filter, 0.8 micrometer pore
size, using a Cast air pump that provides an average sampling rate of
40 liters per minute. Air volumes are measured with a direct reading
gas meter. Filters are replaced when approximately 300 cubic meters
of air are collected, i.e., on a weekly or semi-weekly schedule.
Charcoal cartridges mounted behind the filters at 10 of the 18
stations are replaced weekly.
All air samples are sent to the Department's Sanitation and
Radiation Laboratory, where the filters are analyzed for gross beta
radioactivity 72 • hours after collection. Alpha activity is
determined weekly on ashed filters. Gamma spectroscopy and an
analysis for strontium-89 and strontium-90 are normally performed on
quarterly composites from each location. Immediate gamma scans are
run on any samples for which abnormal gross activity values are
observed. Charcoal cartridges are analyzed for radioiodines by gamma
spectroscopy as soon as received.
Data will be published as received.
47
-------
Radionuclides in California Milk
Although milk is only one of the sources of dietary intake of
environmental radioactivity, it is the food item that is most useful
as an indicator of the general population's intake of radionuclide
contaminants resulting from environmental releases. The objective of
this milk sampling network is to obtain information on current
radionuclide concentrations and long-term trends. From this
information the need for further investigation or corrective public
Health action can be determined.
The California network consists of 10 stations, six of which are
from dairies close to major nuclear facilities, and the other four
represent controls, composited from local miIksheds in similar
geographic locations from the plants. Samples are obtained quarterly
and analyzed immediately upon receipt.* Results are reported as pCi/1
with an error of two standard deviations.
Data will be published as received;
*Radionuclides are determined by gamma spectroscopy, with thfe
exception of iodine-131, which is analyzed in accordance with
procedures specified in USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.3, and strontium-89
and strontium-90, which are determined by radiochemical technique.
48
-------
Radiological Health Laboratory
Indiana State Board of Health
Indiana Milk Analysis Program
In order to evaluate the fallout on Indiana pasturelands, the
State has implemented a program whereby monthly milk samples from
five geographical areas are sent to the Radiological Health
Laboratory of the State Board of Health. The milk in these samples
is bottled on the same date in all five
from pasture to the lab.
Once in the laboratory, the milk is first analyzed by gamma
spectroscopy for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and
potassium-40. A one gallon sample is analyzed on a 3" x 3" Nal(Tl)
scintillation crystal for 4800 seconds. A background sample of
48,000 seconds is also run. The data are analyzed to give pCi/1 for
each radionuclide.
A quarterly composite sample is saved and run for strontium-89
and -90 by ion exchange method.
Data will be published as received.
49
-------
Radiological Health Division
State Hygienic Laboratory of Iowa
Iowa Water Sampling Program
The radiological Health Division of the State Hygienic
Laboratory of Iowa with the assistance of the State Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ) maintains a state-wide water sampling
program of community drinking waters, surface waters and
precipitation. All analyses with the exception of the sequential
Ra-226, -228 analyses are performed according to "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 14th edition. The
sequential analyses for radiums are performed according to the EPA
publication, EPA-600/4-75-008, "Interim Radiochemical Methodology for
Drinking Water."
The drinking water samples are collected by DEQ regional
personnel and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory where they are
preserved with HC1. These waters are analyzed for gross alpha and
gross beta radioactivity as a screening process. Subsequent analyses
for Ra-226, Ra-228, Sr-90 are performed if screening levels are
exceeded. Radium levels are of primary concern in Iowa drinking
waters as those levels are elevated in deep geologic aquifers within
the state.
Surface waters are collected at eleven sites throughout the
state with site selection being determined by proximity upstream and
downstream to nuclear power plants in Iowa or those plants
discharging into rivers which are natural borders with adjoining
states. Gross alpha, gross beta, and tritium are the routine
radionuclide analyses for these samples. Strontium is of interest
when gross beta screening levels are exceeded or if nuclear weapons
testing necessitates monitoring to determine its impact on the
environment.
Gross Beta Activity in Air for the fourth quarter, 1980, is in
Table 25.
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium, are in Table 26.
Gross Radiation in Precipitation for the fourth quarter, 1980,
is in Table 27.
Cross Activity in Surface Water reported as pCi/1 for fourth
quarter, 1980, is in Table 28.
SDWA (Safe Drinking Water Act) analyses for October, November
and December, 1980 are shown in Tables 29, 30 and 31 respectively.
DEQ Mineral Samples for October, November and December, 1980,
are shown in Tables 32, 33 and 34 respectively.
The results for the first three quarters of 1981 are available
but because of space restrictions they are not included in this re-
port. They will be published in the forthcoming reports.
50
-------
Table 25
SAMPLE «
265354
265355
265722
265723
265724
265720
265976
265977
265978
265979
266112
266111
266236
266237
205633
265399
265893
265883
265384
265629
266172
266166
266165
266381
266379
266376
266371
266370
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
4TH QUARTER 19HO
Or.ioher, November, December 1980
DATE SAMPLED
10-06-80
10-12-30
10-24-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
AMES
10-06-80
10-13-80
10-24-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-30
12-29-80
DAVENPORT
AIR VOLUME
m7
1795
1798
1784
1795
1713
1752
1786
1845
1661
1975
1960
1930
1901
1847
Average of 14
1632
1629
1672
1710
1672
1713
1753
1713
1751
1787
1842
1777
1814
1908
Average of 14
pCi/m3
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.04
0.01
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.09
0.14
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.02
0.05
51
-------
SAMPLE
12S733
265716
265718
265719
L'65720
266007
266008
266009
266010
266011
266270
266271
266273
2o6274
129752
129746
265752
265757
265765
265769
266037
266042
265949
266029
266033
266190
266194
266198
265559
265838
265564
265844
266069
266065
266056
266059
266330
266317
266062
Table 25 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS DETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
4TH QUARTER 1980
October, November, December 1980
AIR VOLUME
DATE SAMPLED
ni1
DUBUQUE
10-06-80
10-12-80
10-24-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-12-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
COUNCIL BLUFFS
10-06-80
10-12-80
10-24-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
MASON CITY
10-06-80
10-30-80
11-11-80'
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
1621
1663
1622
1537
1582
1580
1621
1621
1621
1608
1695
1619
1675
1666
Average of 14
1567
1643
1720
1763
1670
1674
1693
1761
1749
1855
1895
1770
1890
1871
Average of 14
1355
1933
2261
2221
2220
2301
2260
2052
1827
1744
1815
Average of 11
pCi/m1
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.11
0.06
0.13
0.04
0.07
0.02
0.01
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.09
0.05
0.02
0.10
0.16
0.19
0.
0.
11
12
0.08
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.12
0.09
0.11
0.05
52
-------
Table 25 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITV, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR
4TH QUARTER 1980
October, November, December 1939
AIR VOLUME
SAMPLE 5
129997
255b34
255536
265538
265653
265655
265866
265868
265870
265872
265874
266091
266093
266095
265616
265910
265907
265903
26bl55
266160
266162
266402
266398
265595
265596
265598
265601
265602
265603
265604
265923
265924
265925
265926
265927
265928
265929
DATE SAMPLED
OTTUMWA
10-06-80
10-12-30
10-18-80
10-24-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
1912
1871
1913
1995
1795
1834
1886
1983
2034
1952
1939
1995
2067
2016
Average of 14
SIOUX CITY
10-06-80
11-11-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
10-06-80
10-12-80
10-13-80
10-30-80
11-05-80
11-11-80
11-17-80
11-23-80
11-29-80
12-05-80
12-11-80
12-17-80
12-23-80
12-29-80
WATERLOO
pCi/m1
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.04
0.01
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.05
1876
1891
1893
1893
1925
1963
1913
1971
1923
Average of 9
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.07
0.11
0.19
0.13
0.09
0.15
0.09
1952 0.03
1910 0.01
1950 0.03
1993 0.05
1951 0.01
1951 0.03
1993 0.05
2040 0.04
1991 0.01
2034 0.06
2089 . 0.07
2034 0.12
2072 0.11
2149 * 0.11
Average of 14 0.05
53
-------
Table 26
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
STATEWIDE DYNAMIC SURFACE WATER REPORT
Background Radiation Levels, Tritium
Data for 4th Quarter 1980
Date Collected Date Counted ?H Activity. nCi/1
10-16-80 02-08-81 <1.14
10-17-80 02-08-81 <1.14
10-24-80 02-08-81 <1.14
10-28-80 02-08-81 <1.14
11-14-80 02-08-81 <1.14
12-02-80 02-08-81 <1.14
12-09-30 02-08-81 <1.14
54
-------
Table 26 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
STATEWIDE DYNAMIC SURFACE WATER REPORT
Gackground Radiation Levels, Tritium
Data for 4th Quarter 1980
Hi ver
Cedar
Des Moines
Iowa
Mississippi
Missouri
tfishnabotna
Skunk
City
Cedar Rapids
Cedar Rapids
Cedar Rapids
Vinton
Vinton
Vinton
Des Moines
Des Moines
Iowa City
Iowa City
Iowa City
Davenport
Davenport
Davenport
Dubuque
Dubuque
Dubuque
Lansing
Lansing
Lansing
Council Bluffs
Council Bluffs
Council Bluffs
Sioux City
Sioux City
Sioux City
Hamburg
Hamburg
Hamburg
Ames
Ames
Ames
Dates Collected
Composite Samples
10-8, 14, 21, 28-80
11-4, 18, 25-80
12-2, 9, 16, 23, 30-80
10-6, 13, 20, 27-80
11-3, 10, 17, 24-80
12-1, 9, 15-80
10-4-80
12-11-80
10-8-80
11-3-80
12-1.80
10-2, 8, 16, 23, 30-80
11-6, 13, 20, 26-80
12-4, 11, 18, 29-80
10-3, 9, 17, 23, 30-80
11-6, 13, 20, 26-80
12-4, 11, 18, 26-80
10-6, 14, 20, 27-80
11-3, 10, 17-80
12-8, 22, 29-80
10-1, 7, 15, 21, 27-80
11-10, 17, 25-80
12-1, 9, 15, 22, 29-80
10-6, 13, 20-80
11-3, 10, 17, 24-80
12-9, 15, 22-80
10-6-80
11-3-80
12-1-80
10-1, 9, 16, 23-80
11-20-80
12-11-80
Date Counted
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-03-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-31
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-31
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-31
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
02-08-81
3H Activity
nCi/1
< 1 14
< 1 14
^ 1 14
'lift
*C»1 I *+
f. 1 1 n
< 1 14
*c 1 14
-------
Table 27
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
IOWA CITY PRECIPITATION
GROSS RADIATION
Data for October, November, December 1980
AMOUNT WATER ' ACTIVITY IN pCi/.l
PRECIPITATION .COLLECTED
RADIATION # DATE SAMPLED mm 1 ALPHA (DS) BETA-GAMMA (OS)
17209
17213
17236
17287
17350
17468
17489
10-16-80
10-17-80
10-24-80
' 10-28-80
11-14-80
12-02-80
12-09-80
2.7
11.3
11.3
11.3
5.3
10.0
26.7
0.4 0.1 5
1.7 -.0.2 ?
1.7 ' C.2 3
1.7 0.5 • 4
0.8 0.5 14
1.5 -0..7 13
4.0 0.3 7
' Highest: 0.7, 14
Lowest 0.1 2
Average of 7 . • 0.4 7
Total amount collected 11.8
56
-------
RADIATION
Table 28
UNIVERSIT* HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE'
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/.l
Data for October, November, December 1980
.DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS OS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
SKUNK RIVER AT AMES
17186
17199
17211
17234
17429
17499
'
17198
17210
17237
17333
17334
17408
17433
17472
17490
17535
17536
17561 •
10-01-80
10-09-80
10-16-80
10-23-80
11-20-80
12-11-80
Average of 6
10-08-80
10-14-80
10-21-80
10-28-80
11-04-30
11-18-30
11-25-80
12-02-80
12-09-80
12-23-80
12-16-80
1.2-30-80
Average of 12
4.1
1.5
2.5
1.2
2.0
1.0
2-1
CEDAR RIVER AT
1.3
1.9
1.6
0.6
' 1.4
1.1
1.7
0.6
0.4
2.0
0.6 ,
0.9 -
1.2
2.0
0.6
1.1
0.7
1.6
1.0
1.2
CEDAR
1.6
1.3
-1.3
0.2
1.1
0.7
1.4
0.4
0.4
1.5
0.6
0.3
0.9
2.1
0.9
1.4
0.5
0.4
Nil
0.9
RAPIDS
0.2
0.6
0.3
,0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
Nil
' 0.5
Nil
0.1
0.3
3
3
5 '
3
6
9
6
4
3
3
4
3
2
1
3
2
2
3
3
3
2
3
5
7
4
9
5
2
3
2
4
2
2
1
3
2
2
3
3
2
i
i
Nil
Mil
• 1
2
Nil
1
2
Nil
1
Nil
i
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
57
-------
Table 28 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for October, November, December 1980
RADIATION *
17193
17197
17229
17235
17326
17345
17401
17466
17495
17507
17511
17560
17562
17194
17202
17212
17232
17325
17338
17349
17409
17436
17491
17498
17532
17542
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY .
TS • OS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
10-07-80
10-01-80 -
10-15-80
10-21-80
10-27-80
11-10-80
11-17-80
11-25-80
12-01-80
12-09-80
12-15-80
12-29-80
12-22-80
Average of 13
10-08-30
10-02-80
10-16-80
10-23-80
10-30-80
11-06-80
11-13-80
11-20-80
11-26-30
12-04-30
12-11-80
12-18-80
12-29-30
Average of 13
MISSOURI RIVER AT
3.9
2.2
7.2
2.0
4.3
9.2
1.4
3.2
1.3
2.2
9.0
4.0
3.9
4.1
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
1.3
1.7
O.S
1.1
1.4
0.7
1.2
1.7
..1 ,3
0.9
. Nil
0.8
1.0
1.1
COUNCIL
2.5
1.2
6.5
0.9
3.S '
1.7
1,4
1.6
1.3
1.9
3.6
2.9
3.9
2.6
BLUFFS
1.4
1.0
. 0.7
1.1 .
0.4
7.5
0.0
1.6
Nil
0.3
5.4
1.1
Nil
1.5
AT DAVENPORT
1.0
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.4
1.4
0.8
0.7'
Nil
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.2
:0,8
'0.3
0.5
.0.2
!-.N1l
Nil
'0.5
0.4
5
9
4
9
2
6
5
7
7
a.
7
Nil
2
6
4
6
-4
1
4
2
3
2
2
1
3
1
3
3
5
-i
i
4
8
1
6
5
5
7
8
7
Nil
1
5
4
3
3
Nil
3
.2
2
2
2
1
3
1
3
2
Nil
2
Nil
, 1
1
Nil
Nil
2
Nil
1
Nil
Nil
1
1
Nil
3
1
1
1
Nil
1
N.i 1
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
58
-------
RADIATION *
Table 28 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for October, November, December 1930
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
DES MOINES RIVER AT DES MOINES
17336
17496
17185
17200
17223
17233
17324
17337
17400
17430
17437
17473"
17500
17533
17537
11-04-80
12-11-80
Average of- 2
10-03-80
10-09-80
10-17-80
10-23-80
.10-30-80
11-06-80
11-13-80
11-20-30
11-26-80
12-04-80
12-11-30 .
•••12-26-80
12-18-80
Average of 13
3.3
4.0
3.7
MISSISSIPPI
1.4
0.6
4.5
0.2
0.9
0.8
0.5
0.6
1.2
0.9
0.1
1.3
0.3
1.0
2.9
3.7
3.3
RIVER AT
0.4
0.2
4.3
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.9
0.1
1.3
0.1
0.8
NISHNABOTNA RIVER AT
17196
17335
17470
10-06-80
11-03-80
12-01-80
Average of 3
2.8
2.1
2.8
2.6
1.9
.1.8
1.4
1.7
0.4
0.3
0.4
DUBUQUE •
1.0
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.3
Nil
Nil
Nil
0.2
0.2
HAMBURG
0.9
0.3
1.4
0.9
4
h
5
4
4
1
5
4
4
3
2
4
4
3
i
3
3
7
5
4
5
3
5
4
3
3
Nil
4
4
2
3
2
. 3
4
3
1
3
3
7
5
4
5
]
i
1
"1
1
1
1
1
Nil
2
Nil
Nil
1
i
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
59
-------
Table 28 (Continued)
RADIATION
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for October, November, December 1980
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
IOWA RIVER AT IOWA
17192
17323
17464
17195
17208
17224
17236
17332
17343
17403
17493
17534
17538
17188
17204
17225
17328
17346
17402
17435
17492
17512
17541
10-08-80
11-03-80
12-01-80
Average of 3
10-06-80
10-14-80
10-20-80
10-27-80
11-03-80
11-10-80
11-17-80
12-08-80
12-22-80
12-29-30
Average of 10
10-06-80
10-13-30
10-20-80
11-03-80
11-10-80
11-17-80
11-24-80
12-09-80
12-15-80
12-22-30
Average of 10
2.2
3.5
2.7
2.3
MISSISSIPPI
4.1
4.2
1.6
1.4
1.8
1.6
0.6
1.0
0.3
1.0
1.8
MISSIOURI RI
4.8
2.7
4.0
7.2
1.8
4.6
4.1
4.0
1.0
2.1
3.6
1.8
2.9
2.3
2.3
RIVER AT
1.2
3.8
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.2
0.5
1.0
0.7
0.5
1.1
CITY
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.5
LANSING
2.9
0.4
1.0
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.1
Nil
0.1
0.5
0.7
5
4
4
4
3
1
6
3
5
4
3
2
2
2
3
VER AT SIOUX CITY .
3.8
2.3
1.9
5.5
0.8
4.1
3.7
4.0
0.7
1.2
2.3
1.0
0.4
2.1
1.7
1.0
0.5
0.4
Nil
0.3
0.9
0.8
6
7
9
3
6
6
5
5
7
6
6
5
4
6
5
5
2
6
6
4
4
7
4
5
NIT
Nil
Nil
tin
3
1
6
3
5
4
3
2
2
2
3
3
Nil
4
3
5
4
3
2
2
2
3
Nil
1
2
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
?
4
1
Nil
Nil
1
1
Nil
2
1
60
-------
Table 28 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL SURFACE WATER SURVEILLANCE
GROSS ACTIVITY REPORTED AS pCi/1
Data for October, November, December 1980
RADIATION #
DATE SAMPLED
ALPHA ACTIVITY
TS DS : SS
BETA-GAMMA ACTIVITY
TS DS SS
• CEDAR RIVER AT VINTON
17189
17203
17226
17285
17329
17344
17404
17432
17465
17494
17508
10-06-80
10-13-80
10-20-80
10-27-80
11-03-80
11-10-80
11-17-80
11-24-80
12-01-80
12-09-80
12-15-80
Average of 11
2.5
0.5'.
1.3
0.9
2.0
1.7
2.0
2.9
8.3
0.8
0.7
2.1
1.6
0.2
0.9
0.6
1.2'
1.1
1.9
2.3
7.6
0.8
0.7
1.7
0.9
0.3
0.4 •
0.3
0.8
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.7
Nil
Nil .
0.4
3
4
3
4
3
3
Nil
2
Nil
3
2
2
2
2
. 3
3
3
3
Nil
2
Nil
3
2
2
i
1
. 2
Nil
' 1
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil "
Nil
Nil
61
-------
Table 29
UMIVLKSiTV hYCiIENIC LABORATORY
low."' cm, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for October 1980
TOWN COUNTY
Forest City Winnebago
Kelley Story
Arcadia Carroll
Fayette Fayetto
pCi/1
IDENTIFICATION MINERAL-- DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA ?2'-Ra 225i;
Well, 140' 15132A '06-05-79 7.0 Ni] 3.6 <0.6
12-03-79
03-10-30
/ 06-09-80
Well *lt 216' 15205A 06-13-79 11 Nil 0.2 0.;
10-23-79
04-07-80
07-29-80
Finished 15362A 07-09-79 5.7 19 ,3.5 1.:-
10-08-79
04-08-30
08-14-30
Finished 15662A 11-27-79 1.7 6
03-11-80
09-08-80
-------
Table 30
UN I V.ERS I TV -HY.G I EN IC LABORATORY
I'jWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SOWA SAMPLES
Data for November 1980
TOWN
COUNTY
Baxter
Jasper
I DENT IF'I CAT I OS
MINERAL *
Well *l,-63'
15678A
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA-GAMMA
12-10-79
03-10-30
06-17-SO
10-06-80
0.6
Nil
63
-------
Table 31
UNIVERSIIY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for December 1980
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION MINERAL ?
Minden Pottawattamie Finished 14538A
Danbury Woodbury Finished 14717A
Oelwein Fayette Finished 15068B
•r
Rock Rapids Lyon Well »0-2, 40' 15187A
Rock Rapids Lyon Well *S-3, 40' 1518SA
Glenwood Mills Well ?1&3, 90' 15562A
pCi/1
DATE SAMPLED ALPHA , BETA :?'-Ra 2?fc-Ra
01-02-80 3.4 2 0.-1 '0.5 .
07-01-30
09-23-80 '
01-22-79 <0.2 5
12-10-79
04-08-80
12-08-80
1.8 7
05-23-80
03-22-80
11-25-80
06-12-79 3.9 10 <0.25 1.0
04-01-80
09-29-30
06-12-79 0.9 8
04-01-80
09-29-80
10-15-79 1.0 . 2
01-28-80
07-07-80
09-29-30
64
-------
Table 31 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
SDWA SAMPLES
Data for December 1980
TOWN COUNTY IDENTIFICATION
Lake Mills Winnebago Well' *"2., 42.5 ''
Sh'enando'ah Page F'inished
Thompson Wrhnebago WeM
Cedar alls Black Hawk-
RADIATION » pCi/1
Op •
MINERAL H DATE SAMPLED ALPHA BETA ?r?Ra 22flRo
1565SA 11-26-79 0.7 2
•02-12-80
05-2.9-80
09-23-80
1.57 93A 01-21-80 1.0 4
04-15-80
07-22-80
10-06-80
R15.912 . .03-11-80;' 1.0 • • 4
06-10-80
09-11-80
12-08-80
R15383 03-11-80 <0.2- 1
06-10-80
09.- 10^ 80
1:2-05-80
65
-------
Table 32
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
low-' C:TY, IOWA
RAO-IOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for .October 1980
TOWN
DEQ Region 2
Blencoe
Blencoe
New Albin
Tabor
Tabor
Shenandoah
Logan
Blairs town
Graettinger
Badger
Maquoketa
Maquoketa
Knoxville
Ridgeway
Anamosa
COUNTY
Cerro Gordo
Monona
Monona
Allamakee
Fremont
Fremont
Page
Harrison
Benton
Palo Alto
Webster
Jackson
Jackson
Marion
Winneshiek
Jones
IDENTIFICATION
NWSPC
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
. Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Wei 1
Well
Well
Co. - Lagoon
?1, 85'
#2, 85'
(raw water)
*2t 62'
i*l, 62'
?20
r?7 , 60 '
?1 , Raw water
#5, raw
s2, raw
»5, 2130'
*4, 2140'
?3, 2225'
=1, 190'
*4, 1540'
MINERAL f
15b70
' 15575
15576
15579
15587
15539
15590
15620
15640
15770
15772
15879
15921
16036
16207
162G9
DATE SAMPLED
10-17-79
10-18-79
10-22-79
10-24-79
10-24-79
10-25-79
11-06-79
11-15-79
01-14-30
01-14-80
02-19-30
02-19-80
04-07-30
05-14-80
05-14-30
ALPHA
7 . 0
15.3-
3.6
9.6
3.1
6.0
. 14.2-
13
' 5.4
7.3.
5.9
4.4
5.9
8.3
4.8
5.4
pCi
BETA
IIQ: .0
uil
10
2
5
9
16
Nil
17
52
Nil
14
12
23
1
14
/I
/"Ra
::.6
0.3 :
0.9
4.3
0.5
0.6
1.0
0.5
5.5
; l.'l
1.0
3 '.7
3.0
5.0
0.5
3.3
"'Ra
3.1
3.5
2.5
2.0
1.9
66
-------
Table 32 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LAHOPATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for October 1980
TOWN
Audubon
Elgin
Mediapolis
West Ainana
Vinton
Mt. Pleasant
Larchwood
Larchwood
Lndianola
Indianola
Otho.
Terril
Thor
Thor
Center Junction
Earl ham
Walnut
Dakota S.S.
COUNTY
Audubon
Fayette
Des Moines
Iowa
Benton
Henry
Lyon
Lyon
Warren
Warren
Webster
Dickinson
Humboldt
Humboldt
Jones
Dallas
Pottawattamie
IDENTIFICATION
Well
Well
.Well
Well
Well
.Well
Wei 1
Well
Well
Well
Wei 1
Well
Wei 1
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
,15
ffl, 208'
#5, 130-140'
411, 32 '6"
ff4, 90'
•#1, 1900'
?2, 575'
?3, raw water
?9, 252.5'
*11
?3
.-j
*2, 375'
rl, 375'
»1, 300'
West, 500'
»2, 2635'
*D-46, 600'
MINERAL s
16211
16256
16259
16260
16275
16297
16299
16300
16303
16304
16318
16333
16377
16378
16395
16504
16508
16512
DATE SAMPLED
05-13-80
06-04-30
06-05-80
06-05-80
06-10-80
06-18-80
06-19-80
06-19-30
06-23-30
06-23-30
06-26-80
07-02-80
07-11-80
07-11-80
07-17-80
08-27-80
08-27-80
08-27-80 .
ALPHA
3
4
3
5
5
21
3
3
S
6
4
5
13
6
6
.6
14
0
p
.2
.4
.9
.0
.3
1
. A
.2
.6
.4
.0
.0
.2
.0
.5
r.Ci/
BE1A
6
•Ml.
1
17
Nil
17
6
4
11
9
4
Nil
Nil
9
Nil
6
27'
13
'1
2;
1
g
1
0
0
8
0
2
*
*t
4
1
0
1
7
2
t
i
3
•'•Ra
_9
.4
.4
.3
.4
.0
•
B u
.'6
.3
. ~j
•t
.6
.6
.8
.2
.2
.9
22;
3.7
1.1.
1.:
2.6
<0.6
1.7
2.6
1 . •
3.7
0.9
1.*
<0.6
1 .f:
4.0
l.S
l.S
e.y
67
-------
Table 32 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEO MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for October 1930
TOWN
Union
Waterloo
Mt. Auburn
Mt. Auburn
Moville
Orient
Hardy
Mahaska
COUNTY
Hard in
Black Hawk
Benton
Ben ton
Woodbury
Adair
Humboldt
Mahaska
IDENTIFICATION
Well =2
Well 300
Well #1,
Well si,
Well #4
(North)
t
600'
600' .
Surface water
Well =2,
Well «1
98'
a 3
MINERAL s
16517
16522
16523
16524
16526
16535
16536
16543
DATE SAMPLED
09-05-80
09-08-30
09-10-80
09-10-80
09-11-80
09-18-80
09-22-80
09-23-80
ALPHA
1.4
Nil.
2.4
0.9
0.6
1.2
1.1
1.2
oCi/'l
oc"r" ? / ?J D ;> 22-'
ot i M ' Ka
7
3
Nil
3
4
6
7
1
68
-------
Table 33
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for. November 1980
pCi/1
TOWN
Denmark
Renwick
Des Moines
Luana
Radcliffe
Logan
Ackley
Ackley
Buffalo Center
Buffalo Center
Belle Plaipe
Swea City
Indianola
Stuart
COUNTY
Lee
Humboldt
Polk
Clayton
Hardin
Harrison
Hardin
Hardin
Winnebago
Winnebago
Benton
Kossuth
Warren
Adair
IDENTIFICATION
Raw Water
. Well #1, 260'
Fee exempt .
Well nt 340'
Well #2, 280'
Well #1A, 481'
Well «»4, 110'
Well *5, 132'
Well *.l, 500' :
Well *2
Well *2
Well fl, 471'
Well *10, 2500'
Well *2., 250'
MINERAL *
15911
16381
16409
16560
16562
16566' .
16571
16572
16594
16595
16597
16602
16632
16644
DATE SAMPLED
02-28-80
07-11-80
09-25-80
09-30-80. .
10-29-80
09-30-80
10-16-80
10-16-80
10-20-80
10-21-80
11-05-80
11-06-80
ALPHA
17
5.5
4.4
2.5
2.1
1.9
1.7
0.3
1.3
1.8
2.6
0.9
0.8
0.8
BETA
28
1
8
Nil
Nil
11
8
4
: 4
Nil .
•Nil
5
15
2
22r.Ra 2?.?r
3.8 1.4
1.9 <0.6
0.7 <0.6
'*.
69
-------
Table 34
UN IVERS!TY HYGI EN IC- LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
D€Q MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for December 1980 ••
•''.."' pci/1
TOWN
• Bancroft
Clarion .
Lowden .
Fenton
Oeloit
Panama
Panama -
Ledyard .
: Wesley
Wesley
Donahue
Perry
Lake Mill
Magnolia
Ringsted
COUNTY'
Kossuth
Wright
Cedar
Kossuth
Crawford
Shelby
Shelby
Kossuth
Kossuth
Kossuth
Scott
Dallas
Winnebago
Harrison
Emmet
IDENTIFICATION'
Well -2
Well #1
Well #1, 1500'
Well n, 229'
Well #4, 53' ,
Well #2, 40'
Well #4, 40'
Well vl
Well »1, 1085'
Well *2, 302'
Well #1, 407'
Composite-Well »11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
17, 19
Well *2, 425'
Well »1, 235'
Well *4, raw
MINERAL --'Ra
P.O....
5.9 '
3.9 '
2.1.
0,4
0.7
1.0
2.0 '
1.4
1.2 '
2.1
3.6
2.6
<0.1
2.5
70
-------
.Table 34 (Continued)
UN1VFRSIIY HYGIENIC.LABORATORY
I'OWA T.ITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEO MINLRAL SAMPLES
Da to for 'December 1930
TOWN
Pleasantville
Dallas Mel che
independence
Rockwell City
Lohr-ville
Stan ton
'Stan ton
Preston •
Andrew
iynnevilTe
Clermont
.Graf ton
Graf ton
GrinneM
Sloan
Springbrook
COUNTY
Marion
'Marion
Buchanan
CaThoun
'Ca'-l noun
Montgomery
Montgomery
Jackson
Jackson
Jasper
Tayette
Worth
•Worth
P.oweshiek
Woocbury
Jackson.
.IDENTIFICATION
Well
Wei 1
Well
•Well
Wei 1
.•Well
•«eW
.Well
Well
JteN
Well
.Well
Well
Well
Well
-Well
=1, '2405'
=1, 2500'
fMHl 'East
-•5, 196 5'
?3. , :64 5 '
W2, 150'
#1, JE58"
*1,, 720'
=1, 250'
*3
=5.2., ,240'
?2, 295'
-rl,, 186'
-.8., Jordan
--3-, 971
-1, 1035'
MINERAL •?
1,5778
15730
T5785
1:5757
157S9
i;5302
1:5303
asffis
1580:6
.1.5817
158:19
15820
15321
15325
,15326
158? 8
DATE SAMPLED
01-17-80
01-17-80
:o 1-2 2 -.so
Gl-2.2-30
'01-22-80
01-23-80
01-23-80
-01-24-80
01-29-80
01-29-80
01-29-80
-OT--2.9-80
'01-31-80
01- -30- 80
01 -.3 1-80
ALPHA
8.8
5 ..1
0..9
1'0...0 •
2 .3
5.7
U6
1.8
.1.2
^9..-5
1/.5
2.9
1 .9
9.1
'3..4
:2.4 ..
' PC 1/1
BETA -~-Ra '??8Ra
1?. 7.1
H 3.7
3
.22 4.;8
. N i 1
N'il 3.3
' 1 • • ,
5
.5
N:il 1.7 .
3
Nil ' '
'3
1? -5.1 " -••-••
9 0..95
.2
71
-------
Table 34 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA -CITf, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for December 1980
TOWN
Baldwin
Hornick
Williamsburg
Batavia
Richland
Grandvlew
Goldfield.
Wellsburg
LaPorte City
Stratford
Kanawha
Ricketts
Stratford
Dayton
COUNTY
Jackson
Woodbury
Iowa
Jefferson
Keokuk
Louisa
Wright
Grundy
Black Hawk
Hamilton
Hancock
Crawford
Hamilton
Dallas
IDENTIFICATION
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Well
Wei 1
«1, 160'
#2
#5, 270'
#1, 100'
#1, 1870'
, raw water
#1,. 200'
*2
?3, 350'
*2, 495'
*2
*1971-1, 37'
*3, 550'
=2. .430' FEE
MINERAL -
15329
15830
15831
15844
15845
15857
15866
16134
16193
16222
16223
16224
16231
15278
DATE SAMPLED
01-31-80
01-30-80
01-31-80
02-06-80
02-07-80
02-12-80
02-14-80
05-08-80
05-13-80
05-20-80
05-21-80
05-20-80
05-22-80
06-11-80
ALPHA
2.1
1.2
0.9
1.7
22.5
1.5
1.9
6.6
7.8
7.0
9.5
7.5
3.1
1.9
PC
BETA
4
3
4
Nil
23
Nil
2
9
Nil
Q
Nil
14
5
7
1/1
??f,Ra , 22SRa
8.4
1.2
0.57
1.8
0.81
1.1
1.4
Wayne Tell, Tell Well
Co., Box 137, Dayton,
IA 50530
Barnum
Webster
Well fFl, 850'
46285
06-11-80
3.0
3.6
72
-------
Table 34 (Continued)
•UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, I OKA
RADIOLOGICAL -'ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for December 1980
pCi/1
TOWN
Cherokee Co.
Rural Water
Assoc.
Cherokee Co.
Rural Water
Assoc.
Kiron
Gladbrook
Merrill
Moorhead MWS
AckT ey
Sheldon
Sheldon
Webster
Woodbine
Clay Co.
Rural Water
System
COUNTY .
Cherokee
Cherokee
Crawford
Tama
Plymouth
Monona
Hard in
O'Brien
O'Brien
Keokuk
Harrison
Clay
IDENTIFICATION
Well =C-.2, 250'
•
Well =MC-2, 379'
Wel.1, 4.20'
'Well ?6, 50'
Well -*3, 45'
.Well =2, 76'
.Well #3, 140'
Well =3
Well ?8, 33'
Well -a, .180'
Well -=3, -94' FEE
Layne Western, 4430
Commercial Ave. ,
Oiniha
Well =2, 42' FEE
Nichols Well Service.
R.R. ?1, Box 231,
•MINERAL *
16379
163:80
.16389
16454
16486
:16439
1.651.5
.16520
.1.6521
16552
16585
16587
DATE SAMPLED
07-10-80
07-10-.80
•07 -'15 -80
07-31-80
08-12-80
.. 08-.13-80
09-03-80
09--OS-80
09-08-80
09-24-80
10-06-80
ALPHA
11
3.6
14
3.0
.3.3
3.4
3.. 6
3.5
14
.1.5
3. .3
2.2
BETA
O
u
. 4.
14
-Nil
10
9
Nil
11
7
2
10
6
2"Ra , ?^'Ra
2.3
0.36
1.4
0.32
0.33
0,22
0.35
0.58
0.42
<0.29 1.8
0,3. 0.6
Sioux City, IA 51108
73
-------
Table 34 (Continued)
UNIVERSITY HYGIENIC LABORATORY
IOWA CITY, IOWA
RADIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
DEQ MINERAL SAMPLES
Data for December 1980
TOWN COUNTY
Belle Plaine Benton
Mo. Valley MWS Harrison
Mt. Auburn Benton
IDENTIFICATION
Well *1
Well #3, 90'
Well #2, 461' FEE
MINERAL ?
16598
16604
16635
DATE SAMPLED
10-20-80
10-20-80
11-05-80
ALPHA
0,3
2.2
1.9
DCi/1
BETA 2^Ra
Nil
13
Nil
Mt. Auburn Benton
Layne Western Co., Inc.
Dean Heldt, 705 S. Duff,
Ames, IA 50010
Well FEE 16636
Layne-Western Co., Inc.,
Dean Heldt, 705 S. Duff,
Ames, IA 50010
11-05-80
1.6
Nil
74
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ENVIROIMENTAL RADIATION DATA (ERD) is published quarterly
(January, April, July, October) by the Office of Radiation Programs,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Requests for information concerning publication and
distribution of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Technical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS
should be directed to:
H. Michael Mardis, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
P. 0. Box 3009
Montgomery, Alabama 36193
or to:
Lewis Battist, Chief
Environmental Studies and Statistics Branch (ANR-461)
Analysis and Support Division
Office of Radiation Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D. C. 20460
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