FINAL
           BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE  TECHNOLOGY (BOAT)
                         BACKGROUND  DOCUMENT FOR

                      F006 WASTEWATERS  (ADDENDUM)
                           Larry Rosengrant,  Chief
                         Treatment Technology Branch
                           Monica Chatmon-McEaddy
                               Project Manager
                    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                            Office  of  Solid Waste
                             401 M Street, S.W.
                          Washington,  D.C.   20460
                                  May 1990
Note:  This background document is an addendum to the August 1988 Final Best Demoni
     Technology CBDAT) Background Document for F006

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                             ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

    This document was prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste, by Versar Inc. under Contract No.
68-W9-0068.  Mr. Larry Rosengrant, Chief, Treatment Technology Section,
Waste Treatment Branch, served as the EPA Program Manager during  the
preparation of this document and the development of treatment standards
for the F006 wastewaters.  The technical project officer for the  waste
was Ms. Monica Chatmon-McEaddy.  Mr. Steven Silverman served as legal
advisor.

    Versar personnel involved in the preparation of this document included
Mr. Jerome Strauss, Program Manager; Mr. Stephen Schwartz,  Assistant
Program Manager; Mr. Mark Donnelly, Principal Investigator and Author;
Mr. Amanjit Paintal, Staff Engineer; Ms. Justine Alchowiak,  Quality
Assurance Officer; Ms. Martha Martin, Technical Editor;  and Ms. Sally
Gravely, Secretary.
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                           TABLE  OF CONTENTS


Section                                                           Page No,

1.      INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY  	    1-1

2.      INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION 	    2-1

       2.1    Industry Affected  	    2-1
       2.2    Waste Characterization 	    2-1

3.      APPLICABLE AND DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 	    3-1

       3.1    Applicable Treatment Technologies 	    3-1
       3.2    Demonstrated Treatment Technologies 	    3-2

4.      PERFORMANCE DATA 	    4-1

       4.1    BDAT List Metals Treatment Data 	    4-1
       4 . 2    Cyanide Treatment Data 	    4-2

5.      DETERMINATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY
       (BDAT) 	    5-1

       5 .1    BDAT Treatment for Metals 	    5-1
       5. 2    BDAT Treatment for Cyanides 	    5-3

6.      SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS 	    6-1

       6.1    Identification of BDAT List Constituents 	    6-1
       6.2    Constituents Selected for Regulation 	    6-2

7 .      CALCULATION OF BDAT TREATMENT STANDARDS  	    7-1

8.      REFERENCES 	    8-1

APPENDIX A   WASTE CHARACTERIZATION DATA FOR F006 WASTEWATERS
             COLLECTED BY EPA'S OFFICE OF WATER FOR THE EFFLUENT
             LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES FOR THE METAL FINISHING
             INDUSTRY 	       A-1

ATTENDIX B - PERFORMANCE DATA FOR F006 WASTEWATERS COLLECTED BY
             EPA'S OFFICE OF WATER FOR THE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS
             GUIDELINES FOR THE METAL FINISHING INDUSTRY 	       B-l
                                     ii

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                              LIST OF TABLES


                                                                   Page No.

Table 1-1  BOAT Treatment Standards for F006 Wastes 	   1-5

Table 4-1  Treatment Performance Data for K062 -  EPA-Collected Data .   4-4

Table 4-2  Alkaline Chlorination Data Submitted by Plant C  During
           the Public Comment Period 	   4-15

Table 7-1  Calculation of Corrected Values for Regulated Constituents -
           Treated Wastewater 	   7-2

Table 7-2  Calculation of Treatment Standards for Regulated
           Constituents   Treated Wastewater 	   7-3

Table 7-3  Summary of Accuracy Adjustment of Treatment  Data for Total
           Cyanide in Electroplating Wastes 	   7-6

Table 7-4  Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Total
           and Amenable Cyanide Based on Alkaline Chlorination 	   7-7
                                    111

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                     1.   INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

    This document provides the Agency's rationale and technical support
for selecting the constituents to be regulated in F006 wastewaters and
for developing treatment standards for those regulated constituents.
This document is an addendum to the supporting best demonstrated
available technology  (BDAT) background documents for F006 nonwastewaters.
Treatment standards for metal constituents in F006 nonwastewaters were
presented in the F006 background document dated August 1988 (USEPA
1988a); treatment standards for cyanides in F006 nonwastewaters were
presented in a background document for cyanide wastes dated June 1989
(USEPA 1989a).  Information regarding untreated F006 waste and F006
nonwastewater standards can be accessed through these background
documents.  This addendum contains only information pertaining to the
development of treatment standards for F006 wastewaters.

    Treatment standards for certain metals contained in F006
nonwastewaters were originally promulgated as part of the First Third
rulemaking (53 FR 31152, August 17, 1988).  In that rulemaking, the
Agency established treatment standards for cadmium, chromium,  lead,
nickel, and silver, which were found to leach at treatable levels from
untreated waste.  The treatment standards were based on performance data
from stabilization.   In the First Third rulemaking, the Agency reserved
the nonwastewater cyanide treatment standards for F006 waste.

    Treatment standards for amenable and total cyanide in F006
nonwastewaters were promulgated by the Agency as part of the Second Third
rulemaking (54 FR 26600, June 23,  1989).   The cyanide treatment standards
for F006 nonwastewaters were based on performance data from alkaline
chlorination followed by chemical precipitation, filtration, and sludge
dewatering.
                                    1-1
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    According to 40 CFR 261.32, waste code F006 is listed as "wastewater
 treatment sludges from electroplating operations except from the
 following processes:  (1) sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminum;  (2) tin
 plating on carbon steel;  (3) zinc plating (segregated basis) on carbon
 steel; (4) aluminum or zinc-aluminum plating on carbon steel;
 (5) cleaning/stripping associated with tin,  zinc, and aluminum plating on
 carbon steel; and (6) chemical etching and milling of aluminum."  F006
 waste as typically generated is by BDAT definition a nonwastewater.  For
 the purpose of determining the applicability of treatment standards,
 wastewaters are defined as wastes containing less than 1 percent (weight
 basis) total suspended solids* and less than 1 percent (weight basis)
 total organic carbon (TOG).   Wastes not meeting this definition must
 comply with the treatment standards for nonwastewaters.

    The F006 wastewaters are expected to be  generated primarily from the
 following sources:  (1) filtrate and/or clarifier overflow from treated
 electroplating wastewaters,  (2) RCRA corrective actions at RCRA
 facilities, and (3) spills.   F006 wastewater,  which results primarily
 from waste treatment operations in the electroplating or metal finishing
 industry, is clearly defined in the First Third Final Rule (53 FR 31153),
which states that, "the supernatant (from the clarifier) from F006
 generation is not considered to be F006,  but simply wastewater from the
 treatment of electroplating wastewater.  Filtrate from F006 sludges could
be hazardous under the derived from rule, but if the filtrate is similar
 in terms of identity and concentration of its metal constituents in the
 influent to the wastewater treatment process,  it is not considered to be
 derived-from F006.  Rather it is the original influent wastewater."
*The term "total suspended solids" (TSS) clarifies EPA's previously used
 terminology of "total solids" and "filterable solids."  Specifically,
 the quantity of total suspended solids is measured by Method 209C
 (Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103°C to 105°C) in Standard
 Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th Edition (APHA,
 AWWA,  and WPCF 1985).
                                    1-2
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    The resulting filtrate from  filtration of F006 nonwastewater sludge
can be directly discharged to  the POTWs under NPDES permit.  It also
could be recycled back  to the  clarifier and discharged as clarifier
supernatant to POTWs under a NPDES permit.  If the filtrate is recycled
to the clarifier, and the concentration of constituents in the normal
influent to the clarifier is similar to or higher than the concentration
of constituents in  the  recycled  filtrate wastewater from the filter, then
the combined filtrate and clarifier overflow are not considered F006
wastewaters.  If F006 filtrate wastewater is not recycled back to the
clarifier, and subsequently comes in contact with a land disposal unit
prior to discharge  to POTWs or NPDES discharge, the contents of the land
disposal unit, i.e., surface impoundment, must meet the RCRA Land
Disposal Restriction standard  for F006 wastewaters, regardless of its
similarity to the clarifier influent or overflow.

    In the First Third  Rule, the Agency indicated that it did intend to
propose numerical wastewater standards for F006 wastewaters in the Third
Third Final Rule as opposed to a No Land Disposal because a facility may
wish to store an F006 wastewater in a land disposal unit.  Therefore, the
Agency is promulgating  treatment standards for cadmium, chromium,  lead,
nickel, and total and amenable cyanide based on technology performance
data and similarity of  waste streams.

    For F006 wastewaters, the Agency is promulgating treatment standards
for cadmium, total chromium, lead, nickel, and total and amenable
cyanides.  The treatment standards for cadmium, total chromium, lead, and
nickel are based on treatability data from the performance of hexavalent
chromium reduction, followed by chemical precipitation using lime and
sulfide, and sludge dewatering.  The Agency is transferring metals
treatment standards from K062 wastewater performance data.  The treatment
standards for total and amenable cyanides in wastewater are based on the
performance of alkaline chlorination.  The Agency is transferring cyanide
                                    1-3
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  treatment standards from F007,  F008,  and F009 mixed wastewater

  performance  data (Table 4-2).



      Table 1-1  summarizes the  treatment standards for F006 wastewaters and

  the  existing standards  for  F006  nonwastewaters.
                                     1-4
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             Table  1-1  BDAT Treatment Standards for F006 Wastes




Constituent
Cadmium
Chromium (total)
Lead
Nickel
Cyanide (amenable)
Cyanide (total)
Maximum
Wastewater
Total
composition
(rag/1)
1.6
0.32
0.040
0.44
0.86
1.20
for anv single grab
sample
Nonwastewater
Total
composition
(mg/kg)
NA
NA
NA
NA
30
590

TCLP
(mg/1)
0.066
5.2
0.51
0.32
NA
NA
NA  - Not  applicable.
                                     1-5
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         2.   INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION

    According to 40 CFR 261.32, waste code F006 is listed as "wastewater
treatment sludges from electroplating operations except from the
following processes:  (1) sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminum;  (2)  tin
plating on carbon steel; (3) zinc plating (segregated basis) on carbon
steel; (4) aluminum or zinc-aluminum plating on carbon steel;
(5) cleaning/stripping associated with tin,  zinc,  and aluminum  plating on
carbon steel; and (6) chemical etching and milling of aluminum." This
section discusses F006 wastes, their generation, and the industry
affected by the land disposal restrictions that apply to them.

2.1      Industry Affected

    F006 wastewaters result primarily from waste treatment operations  in
the electroplating or metal finishing industries.   Using the 1985
Biennial Report Data Base, EPA identified approximately 4,500 facilities
as generators of F006 wastes.  The process description for generating
F006 wastes is outlined in the F006 background document (USEPA  1988a).
Since it has not been altered, it is not repeated in this document.

2.2      Waste Characterization

    Waste characterization data available to the Agency that are
applicable to F006 wastes include data for a metal-bearing F006,  K062,
D002, and D003 wastewater.  The data include information for the toxic
metals arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel,  and zinc and
cyanide constituents.  These data are presented with the performance data
in Section 4 of this document.
                                    2-1
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    Other waste characterization data applicable to F006 wastewaters were
collected by EPA's Office of Water for the Effluent Limitations
Guidelines for the Metal Finishing Industry (USEPA 1983).  These data are
presented in Appendix A of this addendum.  The waste characterization
data in Appendix A include metal finishing industry data for the toxic
metals cadmium, chromium, lead, and nickel (Appendix A Tables 5-18 and
5-19), as well as data for silver (Appendix A Table 5-20).   Additional
EPA Office of Water data applicable to F006 wastewaters are presented in
the Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background Document for
Wastewaters Containing BDAT List Constituents  (USEPA 1989d).
                                   2-2

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        3.   APPLICABLE/DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

    This  section describes the applicable and demonstrated treatment
technologies for F006 wastewaters.  The technologies that are considered
applicable to the treatment of F006 wastewaters are those that treat the
proposed  regulated constituents by reducing their concentration in
the wastewater.  This section includes discussions of those applicable
treatment technologies and those that have been demonstrated (i.e.,  are
used on a full-scale basis).

3.1      Applicable Treatment Technologies

    Available information shows that several technologies are applicable
for treatment of F006 wastewaters to reduce the concentration of metals.
One applicable technology for the removal of metals from plating
wastewaters  and F006 wastewaters include (1) a chromium reduction step to
treat hexavalent chromium, (2) a chemical precipitation step to
precipitate  metals out of solution, and (3) a sludge dewatering step to
remove the precipitated residues from solution.  Another applicable
technology as BOAT for metals removal is ion exchange.   Ion exchange is a
treatment technology applicable to metals in wastewaters where the metals
                                              +3         -2
are present  as soluble ionic species (e.g., Cr   and CrO,   ).

    EPA has  identified four technologies as potentially applicable for
treatment of cyanides in F006 wastewaters:   (1) electrolytic oxidation;
(2) chemical oxidation using any of several oxidizing agents,  such as
hypochlorite or chlorine (alkaline chlorination),  permanganate,  ozone,  or
SO^/air (Inco process); (3) wet air oxidation; and (4)  high-temperature
cyanide hydrolysis.
                                    3-1
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     Electrolytic  oxidation  followed by  alkaline  chlorination,  chemical
 oxidation (alkaline  chlorination  or other methods)  alone,  electrolytic
 oxidation alone,  wet air  oxidation, and high-temperature hydrolysis
 reduce the concentration  of cyanide in  wastewaters  treated.   These
 technologies  usually fully  destroy the  amenable  cyanide present in the
 waste but treat the  complexed  cyanides  to varying degrees,  depending on,
 among other things,  the stability of  the metal-cyanide complex and the
 severity of the oxidizing agent and reaction conditions.   Iron cyanide
 complexes are typically the most  resistant to oxidation treatment.

     Additional information  on  the technologies identified  to be
 applicable for F006  wastewaters can be  found in  the Treatment  Technology
 Background Document  (USEPA  1989c).

 3.2      Demonstrated Treatment Technologies

     All treatment technologies identified as being applicable  for  removal
 of metals in  F006 wastewaters  are also  considered to be demonstrated
 because they  are  used on  a  full-scale commercial basis for  treatment of
 metal-bearing wastewaters.   A hexavalent chromium reduction, metals
 precipitation,  and sludge dewatering  treatment train are widely practiced
 metals treatment  schemes.   Information  regarding treatment  of
 precipitated  solids  (F006 nonwastewaters) from such a treatment train is
 presented in  the  F006 background  document (USEPA 1988a).

     Ion exchange  has  also been commercially demonstrated for metals in
 wastewaters similar  to F006  wastewaters.  However, concentrating the BDAT
 list metals on  the ion exchange resin substrate creates a hazardous
 nonwastewater requiring treatment to remove the adsorbed metals.   This
 treatment  also  produces another wastewater residual requiring  either
 chemical precipitation and/or recovery  of metals.
                                    3-2
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    The treatment technologies identified as being applicable for
treatment of cyanides in F006 wastewaters are also considered to be
demonstrated.  Available information shows that electrolytic oxidation
followed by alkaline chlorination, alkaline chlorination alone, wet air
oxidation, high-temperature hydrolysis, and 50,,/air oxidation are
demonstrated for treatment of cyanide in wastewaters.  The Agency has
identified at least one full-scale facility that uses electrolytic
oxidation followed by alkaline chlorination to treat cyanides, at least
five facilities that use alkaline chlorination to treat cyanide wastes
(and believes that there are at least hundreds), at least one facility
that treats cyanide-containing wastes by high-temperature cyanide
hydrolysis, and one pilot-scale facility that has treated cyanide waste
by wet air oxidation.  In addition, wet air oxidation and SO^/air
oxidation are used to treat similar wastes in full-scale processes.
Information regarding cyanide treatment of F006 nonwastewaters is
presented in the background document for cyanide wastes (USEPA 1989a).
Performance data for the above technologies are presented and discussed
in Section 4.
                                    3-3
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                          4.   PERFORMANCE DATA

    This section discusses  the available performance data associated with
the demonstrated technologies for F006 wastewaters.  The performance data
include the constituent concentrations in untreated and treated waste
samples and data on waste characteristics that affect performance.  Data
used to develop treatment standards are incorporated into the body of
this addendum.  Data that were considered but not used to develop
treatment standards are presented as attachments.

4.1      BOAT List Metals Treatment Data

    The performance data available to the Agency on treatment of BOAT
list metals include 11 data sets from treatment of BOAT list metals in a
metal-bearing wastewater by hexavalent chromium reduction followed by
chemical precipitation and  sludge dewatering.  The metal-bearing
wastewater included waste codes F006,  K062,  D002, and D003.   These data
were previously used in the development of treatment standards
promulgated for K062 in the Final Rule for First Third Wastes (53 FR
31164, August 17, 1988).  These performance data are presented in
Table 4-1 at the end of this section.   They reflect total waste
concentrations for BOAT list metals in the untreated and treated
wastewater.

    Performance data collected by EPA's Office of Water for the Effluent
Limitations Guidelines for  the Metal Finishing Industry (USEPA 1983) are
presented in Attachment B.  These data contain treated effluent values
for wastewaters containing  cadmium, chromium, lead, and nickel based on
two methods of treatment.   One method of treatment, "Option 1," involves
cyanide destruction and hexavalent chromium reduction,  followed by pH
                                    4-1
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 adjustment with  lime or caustic  to precipitate  these metals,  settling to
 remove  the metal hydroxides, and discharge of the  treated wastewaters.
 The  other treatment, "Option 2," involves an additional  filtration step
 to act  as a polishing step for the effluent prior  to discharge.   (The
 metal finishing  industry frequently includes a  filtration step prior to
 discharge of the treated effluent.)  It should  be  noted  that
 silver-bearing wastewaters were  subjected to various technologies  for
 recovery of silver metal (including evaporation, ion exchange, and
 electrolytic recovery), unlike the other BOAT list constituents.

     The Agency has also evaluated another performance data base that was
 developed by EPA's Office of Water for hydroxide precipitation,
 sedimentation, and filtration for wastes from the  metal  finishing
 industry.  Further information on these data, including  the sources  of
 the  data and the treatment technologies used, can  be found in the  Best
 Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background Document for Third
 Third U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachates, Volume A (USEPA 1990).

 4.2      Cyanide Treatment Data

    Applicable and demonstrated treatment technologies for cyanides
 contained in F006 wastewaters were discussed in Section  3.  The Agency
 has no data demonstrating the performance of cyanide treatment
 specifically for F006 wastewaters.   However,  performance data available
 to the Agency on treatment of cyanides in wastewaters were previously
 used to develop BDAT treatment standards for F007,  F008,  and F009
 wastewaters.   The Agency believes that these wastewaters are similar to
 F006 wastewater because both originate from plating activities and are
 likely to contain the same metals and because both may have cyanides.
 Table 4-2 presents data from alkaline chlorination of various
                                    4-2
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electroplating wastes consisting of F006, F007, F008, F009, F011,  F012,
D002, D003, P029, P030, and P106 wastes.  A variety of cyanide-containing
wastes were treated by this alkaline chlorination process.  Fourteen
different sample sets are presented.  In addition, the Agency's
development of categorical wastewater discharge standards for  the  metal
finishing industry set standards at 0.86 mg/1 for amenable cyanide and
1.2 mg/1 for total cyanide.  Data supporting the metal finishing cyanide
standards are found in Development Document for Effluent Limitations
Guidelines and Standards for the Metal Finishing Point Source Category,
EPA 440/1-83/091, June 1983, pp. VII B-126 to VII-153.
                                    4-3
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          Table  4-1  Treatment Performance Data for K062   EPA-Collected Data
                                    Sample Set #1





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Hickel
Zinc

Untreated Untreated
K062 waste K062 waste
(mg/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no.
801 802
3 <1
<5 <5
I I
1800 7000
865 306
<10
3200 2600
<2 <2
Untreated
waste
composite
(mg/1)
Sample no.
805

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                                Table 4-1  (continued)
                                    Sample Set tZ





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (heiavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Hickel
Zinc


Untreated
K06Z waste
(mg/1)
Sample no.
801
3
<5
I
1800
865
<10
3200

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                                Table 4-1  (continued)

                                    Sample Set f3

Untreated
K062 waste
Sample no.
Constituent 817
Arsenic 3
Cadmium <5
Chromium (hexavalent) I
Chromium (total) 1700
Copper 425
Lead <10
Hickel 100310
Zinc 7
Untreated
Untreated waste
K062 waste composite
(mg/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no.
802 821
<1
<5 5
I 775
7000 1990
306 133
<10
2600 16330
<2 3.9
Treated
waste
(wastewater)
(mg/1)
Sample no.
822
<0.1
<0.5
I
0.20
0.21
<0.01
0.33
0.140
Design and Operating Data
Desifcn
value Operatin
£ value
pH
                                  8-10
                                                                      10
I = Color interference.

"The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams (F006,  D002,  and D003).

Reference:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                  4-6
3183g

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                                      Table 4-1  (continued)
                                           Simple Set





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Cbronium (hexavalent )
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
Untreated
Untreated Untreated Untreated waste
K062 waste K062 waste £062 waste composite8
(mg/D (ns/D (mg/1) 
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                                       Table 4-1 (continued)

                                           Sample Set #5
Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent )
Chromiun (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
Untreated
K062 waste
(mg/1)
Sample no.
801
3
<5
I
1800
865
<10
3200
<2
Untreated
K062 waste
(mg/D
Sample no.
802
<1
<5
I
7000
306
<10
2600
<2
Untreated
K062 waste
(mg/1)
Sample no.
817
3
5
I
1700
425

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                                Table 4-1 (continued)
                                    Sample Set #6





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
Untreated Treated
Untreated Untreated waste waste
K062 waste K062 waste composite8 (wastewater)
(mg/1) (mg/1) (ms/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no. Sample no. Sample no.
801 802 845 846
3
<5 <5 <5 <0.5
I I 734 I
1800 7000 2548 0.10
865 306 149 0.12
<10 <10 <10 <0.01
3200 2600 588 0.33
<2 <2 4 0.095
Design and Operating Data

pB
                                  8-10
I - Color interference.

"The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste  streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams (F006,  D002, and D003).

Reference:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                  4-9
3183R

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                                Table 4-1 (continued)
                                    Sample Set £7





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hezavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc

Untreated
Untreated Untreated waste
K062 waste K062 waste composite
(mg/1) (me/D (me/D
Sample no. Sample no. Sample no.
801 802 853
3 <1 <1
<5 <5 10
I I 769
1800 7000 2314
865 306 72
<10 <10 108
3200 2600 426
<2 <2 171
Design and Operating
Treated
waste
(wastewater )
(mg/1)
Sample no.
854
<0.1
<0.5
0.12
0.12
0.16
<0.01
0.40
0.115
Data
Design value Operation value
pH
8-10
I = Color interference.

 The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams  (F006, D002,  and D003).

Reference:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                 4-10
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                                Table 4-1  (continued)
                                    Sample Set #8





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hezavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc

Untreated Untreated
K062 waste K06Z waste
(mg/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no.
859 801
<1 3
<5 <5
0.220 I
15 1800
151 865
<10
90 3200
7 9
Untreated
waste
composite
(mg/1)
Sample no.
861
<1
<5
0.13
831
217
212
669
151
Treated
waste
(wastewater)
(mg/1)
Sample no.
862
<0.1
<0.5
<0.01
0.15
0.16
<0.01
0.36
0.13
Design and Operating Data

Design value
Operatii
ox value
pB
                                  8-10
I = Color interference.
"The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams  (F006, D002, and D003).

Reference:  USEFA 1988b.
                                                 4-11
31838

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                                      Table 4-1  (continued)
                                          Sample Set #9





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc

Untreated Untreated
K062 waste K062 waste
(mg/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no.
867 801
<0.1 3
<0.5 <5
0.079 I
6 1800
5 865
<1
4 3200
0.4 <2

Untreated
K062 waste
(rng/1)
Sample no.
802
<1
<5
I
7000
306
<10
2600
<2
Untreated
waste
composite
(mg/1)
Sample no.
869
<1
<5
0.07
939
225
<10
940
5
Treated
waste
(wastewater
(mg/1)
Sample no.
870
<0.1
<0.5
0.041
0.10
0.08
<0.01
0.33
0.06
Design and Operating Data

D i
Operating
value

pB
                                  8-10
                                                                  10
I = Color interference.
"the untreated waste composite is a mixture of  the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table,  along with other non-K062 waste streams  (F006, D002, and D003).

Reference:  USEFA 1988b.
                                                 4-12
31B3g

-------
                                Table 4-1  (continued)
                                    Sample  Set f10





Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent )
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Hickel
Zinc
Untreated
Untreated waste
K062 waste composite8
(mg/1) (mg/1)
Sample no. Sample no.
801 865
<3 <1
<5 <5
I 0.08
1800 395
865 191
<10
3200 712
<2 5
Treated
waste
(wastewater)
(mg/1)
Sample no.
862
<0.10
<0.5
0.106
0.12
0.14
<0.01
0.33
0.070
Design and Operating Data

Design value
Operating value
pB
                                     8-10
I = Color interference.

"The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams  (F006, D002, and D003).

Reference:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                 4-13
3183g

-------
                               Table  4-1   (continued)
                                   Simple Set #11
Constituent
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium (hexavalent)
Chromium (total)
Copper
Lead
Hickel
Zinc

Untreated
K062 waste
(mg/l)
Sample no.
801
3
<5
I
1800
865
<10
3200
<2
Design
Untreated
K062 waste
(mg/l)
Sample no.
859
<1
<5
0.220
15
151
<10
90
7
and Operating Data
Untreated
waste
composite
(mg/l)
Sample no.
893
<1
23
0.30
617
137
136
382
135

Treated
waste
(wastewater)
(mg/l)
Sample no.
894
<0.10
<5
<0.01
0.18
0.24
<0.01
0.39
0.100

                               Dosim value
                                                               Operating value
                                  8-10
I — Color interference.

 The untreated waste composite is a mixture of the untreated K062 waste streams
 shown on this table, along with other non-K062 waste streams (F006, D002, and 0003).

Reference:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                 4-U
3183g

-------
             Table 4-2  Alkaline Chlorination Data Submitted by
                  Plant C During the Public Comment Period

      Sample Set No.  la    for Treatment of F007,  F008, D003, and P106
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                             Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
71,759
  0.95
     357
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
pH
TOC
4,193
136
2,995
323
184
2,319

2,936

11.2
<2%
  - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F007, F008, D003, and P106.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-15
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

               Sample  Set  No.  2a    for Treatment of F009,  F012
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (rag/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
 BOAT  Inorganics Other Than Metals
 Cyanide  (total)

 BOAT List Metals
12,000
  0.95
     153
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOG
1,339
4,088
300
592
327
750
6,200

11.0
<2%
- — Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F009 and F012.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-16
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

      Sample Set No. 3a   for Treatment of F009, D002, D003, and P030
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                             Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
17,206
 <0.014
     351
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOC
8,400
1,290
7,610
239
129
5,150

5,520

11.2
<2%
- - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F009, D002, D003, and P030.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-17
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

          Sample  Set No.  4a   for  Treatment of F007,  F009,  and D002
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
 BOAT Inorganics  Other  Than Metals
 Cyanide  (total)

 BOAT List  Metals
25,936
 <0.014
     374
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOG
3,266
7,172
1,482
707
173
2,389
11,917

11.5
<2%
  - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids  including
 waste codes F007,  F009, and D002.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-18
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

      Sample Set No.  5a    for Treatment  of  F007,  F008, D003,  and  P029
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
                                                             Treated
                                                           nonwastewater
(mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
16,914
 <0.014
  235
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
pH
TOC
5,343
151
3,412
408
99
3,483
3,670

11.0
<2%
- - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F007, F008, D003, and P029.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-19
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

       Sample  Set No.  6a    for Treatment  of  F011,  F012,  D002,  and P106
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT  Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
59,421
  0.028
     245
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
pH
TOC
922
259
3,223
180
142
5,143
3,810

11.3
<2%
  — Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F011, F012, D002,  and P106.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-20
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

             Sample Set No. 7a   for Treatment of F007 and F009
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/D
                                             Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BDAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BDAT List Metals
31,994
  0.028
     169
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOG
15,739
1,897
944
100
124
3,187

403

11.2
<2%
- •= Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F007 and F009.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-21
3183s

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

                  Sample Set No. 8   for Treatment of F007
                                              Concentration
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwas tewater
   (mg/1)
 BOAT Inorganics  Other  Than Metals
 Cyanide  (total)

 BDAT  List Metals
41,900
 <0.014
     189
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOC
19,510
2,683
1,350
100
138
4,708

498

11.5
<2%
  - Not analyzed.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
3183g
                                    4-22

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

           Sample Set No.  9a   for Treatment of F006,  F009,  F011,
                               D002, and D003
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                             Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
18,882
 <0.014
     106.3
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOG
11,654
1,925
792
3,658
289
5,357
6,713

10.3
<2%
  - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F006, F009, F011, D002, and D003.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-23
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

             Sample  Set  No.  10a   for  Treatment of F006  and F012
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwas tewater
   (mg/1)
 BOAT  Inorganics  Other Than Metals
 Cyanide  (total)

 BOAT  List Metals
 1,270
  0.17
     143
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOG
2,319
6,739
1,903
14,079
662
19,163

7,786

10.0
<2%
  = Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids  including
 waste codes F006 and F012.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-24
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)
           Sample  Set No.  11'
  for Treatment of F007, F009,  D002,
  P029,  and P030
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other  Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BDAT List Metals
22,820
  1.16
     114.1
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
pH
TOC
7,910
450
3,109
<100
124
4,695
832

11.2
<2%
- = Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F007, F009, D002, P029, and P030.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-25
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

      Sample Set No.  12a   for Treatment of F007, F009,  F012,  and D003
Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                             Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide (total)

BOAT List Metals
12,085
 <0.014
     252.4
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOC
8,165
138
128
<116
105
325
248

10.7
<2%
- •= Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F007,  F009,  F012,  and D003.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-26
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

                  Sample  Set No.  13    for  Treatment  of  D002
                                              Concentration
                             Untreated       Treated         Treated
                               waste        wastewater     nonwastewater
Constituent/parameter          (mg/1)         (mg/1)            (mg/1)


BOAT Inorganics Other Than Metals

Cyanide  (total)              10,902           0.07              203.1

BOAT List Metals
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
pH
TOG
355
160
7,050
120
125
9,940

1,530

11.8
<2%
  — Not analyzed.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-27
3183g

-------
                           Table 4-2  (continued)

      Sample Set No. 14a - for Treatment of F009, F011, D002, and D003
 Constituent/parameter
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/1)
                                              Concentration
 Treated
wastewater
 (mg/1)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (mg/1)
BOAT  Inorganics Other Than Metals
Cyanide  (total)

BOAT List Metals
16,010
  0.07
      94.4
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Zinc
Non-BDAT List Metals
Iron
Other Parameters
PH
TOC
6,272
223
4,063
133
124
6,012
3,511

11.5
<2%
  - Not analyzed.

aBatch consisted of a mixture of liquids and drummed solids including
 waste codes F009.  F011,  D002,  and D003.

Reference:  CyanoKEM 1989.
                                    4-28
3183g

-------
               5.   DETERMINATION  OF BEST DEMONSTRATED
                      AVAILABLE  TECHNOLOGY  (BOAT)
    This section presents the rationale for the determination of best
demonstrated available technology (BOAT) for F006 wastewaters.   The
Agency examines all the available data for the demonstrated technologies
to determine whether  one of the technologies performs significantly
better than the others.  Next, the "best" performing treatment  technology
is evaluated to determine whether the resulting treatment is
"available."  To be "available," a technology (1) must provide
substantial treatment and (2) must be commercially available to the
affected industry.  If the "best" technology is "available," then the
technology represents BOAT.

    Based on available performance data for metals and cyanides,  the
Agency has identified treatment by alkaline chlorination for cyanides as
BOAT for F006 wastewaters, and hexavalent chromium reduction, chemical
precipitation using lime and sulfides, and sludge dewatering as BOAT for
metals for F006 wastewaters.  The rationale is provided below.

5.1      BOAT Treatment for Metals

    For metals in F006 wastewaters,  the Agency has identified hexavalent
chromium reduction, followed by chemical precipitation using lime and
sulfides, and sludge dewatering as BOAT.   This determination is based on
performance data used to develop metals treatment standards for K062
wastewaters.   The Agency believes that K062 wastewaters are more
difficult to treat than F006 wastewaters because of the higher  acidity of
K062 and the higher concentrations of dissolved metals as compared to
F006.   Individual metal concentrations in K062 range up to 7,000 ppm.
Therefore,  the same level of performance achievable for K062 wastewaters
                                    5-1
3185g

-------
 is expected to be achievable for F006 wastewaters.  When  these  data  were
 previously used to set K062 treatment standards,  it was established  that
 the data are from a well designed and well operated system and  meet  the
 BOAT Program QA/QC requirements.  Specific information on these data is
 included in Section 4 of the K062 background document (USEPA 1988b).
 Therefore, the same level of performance achievable for K062 wastewaters
 is expected to be achievable for F006 wastewaters.

    The performance data used by the Agency are for treatment of a
 metal-bearing F006,  K062, D002,  and D003 wastewater by hexavalent
 chromium reduction using sodium bisulfite, chemical precipitation using
 lime and sulfides, and sludge dewatering, as discussed in Section 4.  The
 Agency does not expect the use of other treatment chemicals to  improve
 the level of performance.  Thus, the treatment train of hexavalent
 chromium reduction using sodium bisulfite, chemical precipitation using
 lime and sulfides, and sludge dewatering is considered "best."  The data
 in Section 4 show that there were statistically significant reductions in
 the concentrations of cadmium,  chromium, lead,  and nickel in the
 metal-bearing F006,  K062, D002,  and D003 wastewater for which performance
 data were available.

    The Agency believes that the performance data for the metal-bearing
 F006, K062, D002,  and D003 wastewater are better data for the developing
 of F006 wastewater metals treatment standards than the data collected by
 EPA's Office of Water for the Effluent Limitation Guidelines (USEPA
 1983),  presented in Appendix A and the Background Document for Third
 Third U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachates,  Volume A (USEPA 1990).
 The Agency did not use these data because the waste characterization data
 indicated that the concentration of metals in the untreated wastewater
was low compared to  the concentration in F006 wastewaters.  Individual
                                    5-2
3185g

-------
metal concentrations  in F006  wastewaters  ranged up  to  400  ppm and overall
were typically  orders of magnitude  higher than the  concentrations in the
wastewaters  from  EPA's Office of Water  data.   Additionally,  the  Agency
believes  that the data on the F006,  K062,  D002,  and D003 wastewater  are
better because  they have already been used to  develop  metals  treatment
standards  (for  K062 wastewaters)  and because metal-bearing K062
wastewaters  contain higher concentrations  of dissolved metals  and,
therefore, represent  a more difficult waste to treat.

    Since  hexavalent  chromium reduction followed by chemical
precipitation and sludge dewatering is  demonstrated, best, and available,
this treatment  is considered  BDAT for metals in F006 wastewaters.  A
detailed  discussion pertaining to the use  of this technology  for
treatment  of K062 wastewaters is  included  in Section 5 of  the  K062
background document (USEPA 1988b).

5.2       BDAT Treatment for Cyanides

    For cyanides  in F006 wastewaters, the  Agency has identified alkaline
chlorination as BDAT,  based on performance data used to develop treatment
standards  for F007, F008,  and F009  wastewaters.  Based on  the  waste
characteristics that  affect performance of the demonstrated treatment
technologies, such as  cyanide concentration, the Agency believes  that
F007, F008,  and F009  wastewaters  are more  difficult to treat for  cyanides
than F006  wastewaters  because F006  wastewaters contain lower or similar
concentrations of amenable  and total cyanides.   Therefore, the Agency
used the performance  data  used for  F007, F008,  and  F009 wastewaters  to
develop cyanide treatment  standards  for F006 wastewaters.  The Agency
believes that the  F006  wastewaters  contain concentrations  of amenable  and
total cyanides lower  than  or  similar to those  in F007, F008, and  F009
                                    5-3
3185g

-------
 wastewaters and that they are therefore less difficult to treat.  Based
 on this information,  alkaline chlorination is considered "best."  This
 technology is also "available" because such treatment is commercially
 available and would provide substantial treatment for cyanides in F006
 wastewaters.

     Since alkaline chlorination is  demonstrated,  best,  and available,
 this treatment is  considered BDAT for  cyanides  in F006  wastewaters.   A
 detailed discussion pertaining to the  selection of alkaline chlorination
 as  BDAT for F007,  F008,  and F009  wastewaters is included in Section  5  of
 the background document  for cyanides  (USEPA 1989a).
                                    5-4
3185g

-------
               6.   SELECTION OF REGULATED  CONSTITUENTS

    This section describes the process used to select the constituents to
be regulated  in F006 wastewaters.  The process involves developing a list
of potential  regulated constituents and then eliminating those
constituents  that would not be treated by the chosen BDAT or that would
be controlled by regulation of the remaining constituents.

    As discussed in the original background document for F006,  the Agency
has developed a list of hazardous constituents from which the
constituents  to be regulated are selected.  EPA may revise  this list as
additional data and information become available.  The list is  divided
into the following categories:  volatile organics,  semivolatile organics,
metals, inorganics other than metals, organochlorine pesticides,
phenoxyacetic acid herbicides, organophosphorous insecticides,  PCBs,  and
dioxins and furans.

6.1      Identification of BDAT List Constituents

    As discussed in Sections 2 and 4, the Agency has performance  and
waste characterization data applicable to F006 wastewaters.   These data
were used to  determine which BDAT list constituents may be  present in the
waste and thus which ones are potential candidates  for regulation in F006
wastewaters.   The data show that no organic BDAT constituents are present
at detectable  levels.  Also, the Agency would not expect to find  BDAT
organic constituents based on knowledge of the process.   In contrast,
F006 wastewaters contain detectable levels of cadmium,  chromium,  lead,
nickel, and cyanides (see Appendix A).  Typically,  the above-mentioned
metals are found at concentrations above 0.1 ppm in F006 waste  streams.
                                    6-1
3186g

-------
 6.2       Constituents  Selected for Regulation

     For  F006  wastewaters,  the  Agency  is  regulating total  and amenable
 cyanides,  cadmium,  total  chromium,  lead,  and nickel.   These constituents
 were also  regulated in F006  nonwastewaters.   However,  the Agency is not
 regulating silver  (which  was regulated for  F006  nonwastewaters)  because
 available  performance  and waste  characterization data  indicate  that
 silver is  typically present  only at untreatable  concentrations  in F006
 wastewaters.  Additionally,  the  Agency believes  that if silver  is present
 in high  concentrations  in a  F006 wastewater,  silver recovery will be
 utilized because of the value  of silver.  Other  BDAT list metal
 constituents  that  are  not being  regulated are expected to be treated
 along with the regulated  metals  by a well-designed and well-operated BDAT
 treatment  system.
                                    6-2
3186g

-------
            7.   CALCULATION OF BOAT TREATMENT  STANDARDS

    In this section, the Agency presents its determination of treatment
standards using  the performance and waste characterization data
previously presented.  EPA's methodology for developing treatment
standards is presented in Section 1 of  the original F006 background
document  (USEPA  1988a).  The methodology requires the Agency to first
delete any performance data that  do not represent a well-designed and
well-operated treatment system.   Additionally, all data must be adjusted
for analytical recoveries.

    As described in Section 4, EPA is transferring the metals treatment
standards developed for K062 wastewaters to F006 wastewaters.  In
developing BOAT  treatment standards for metal constituents to be
regulated, the Agency evaluated performance and waste characterization
data from the treatment of a metal-bearing F006,  K062, D002,  and D003
wastewater (as described in Section 4).   These data include 11 sample
sets that represent treatment of  F006 wastewaters using a well-designed
and well-operated treatment system.  One data set for cadmium was deleted
(Sample Set No.  11) because of an artificially high detection limit of
5 ppm, which deviated from the other 10 data points having detection
limits of 0.5.   The remaining data sets were adjusted for analytical
recoveries as described in EPA's  Methodology for Developing BOAT
Treatment Standards (USEPA 1989b).  Using the accuracy-corrected data,
EPA developed treatment standards by averaging the performance data for
each constituent and then multiplying the average value by a variability
factor that accounts for variations in technology performance,  waste
characteristics,  and laboratory analysis.

    The corrected values for the  F006 wastewater regulated constituents
are presented in Table 7-1.   Table 7-2 shows the calculations for the
four metals being regulated for F006 wastewaters.  These standards
                                    7-1
3187g

-------
                Table 7-1  Calculation of Corrected Values  for Regulated
                           Constituents   Treated Hastewater
Constituent
Cadmium









Chromium (total)










Lead










Nickel










Treated waste Percent
(mg/1) recovery"
<0 . 5 87
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
0.12 68
0.12
0.20
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.12
0.15
0.10
0.12
0.18
<0.01 76
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0 . 33 93
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.31
0.33
0.40
0.36
0.33
0.33
0.39
Correction Corrected value
factor (ins/I)
1.15 <0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0 . 575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
1.47 0.1764
0.1764
0.294
0.147
0.162
0.147
0 . 1764
0.2205
0.147
0.1764
0.2646
1.316 <0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
1.075 0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.33
0.35
0.43
0.39
0.35
0.35
0.42
 The percent recovery has been taken from Table 7-14 of the Onsite Engineering
 Report from Borsehead Resource Development Company for K061 (USEPA 1987).
Source:  USEPA 1988b.
                                                  7-2
3187g

-------
            Table 7-2  Calculation of the Treatment Standards for the
                   Regulated Constituents - Treated Hastewater
Constituent
Cadmium









Chromium (total)










Lead










Nickel










Cone.
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0.575
<0 . 575
<0 . 575
<0.575
0.1765
0.1765
0.2941
0.1471
0.1618
0.1471
0.1765
0.2206
0.1471
0.1765
0.2647
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
<0.0132
0.3548
0.3548
0.3548
0.3548
0.3333
0.3548
0.4301
0.3871
0.3548
0.3548
0.4194
Treatment standard
total concentration
Mean VF (mg/1)
0.575 2.8 * 1.6









0.1898 1.69 0.32










0.0132 2.8" 0.04










0.3685 1.20 0.44










"For cases in which all values are at or below the detection limit,  the
 variability factor is taken as 2.8 (USEPA 1989b).
                                                  7-3
3187g

-------
represent instantaneous maximum concentrations that must be achieved as a
prerequisite for land disposal.  The concentrations are in mg/1  (parts
per million on a weight-per-volume basis).  A detailed discussion on the
calculation of these metals treatment standards can be found in  Section 7
of the K062 background document (USEPA 1988b).

    The amenable and total cyanide treatment standards were transferred
from the cyanide treatment standards developed for F007,  F008,  and F009
wastewaters based on alkaline chlorination.  Because F006 wastewaters
contain concentrations of amenable and total cyanides lower than or
similar to those in these wastewaters, the Agency believes that F006
wastewaters are less difficult to treat.   The Agency is promulgating
treatment standards for amenable and total cyanide in F006 wastewaters
based on the performance of alkaline chlorination treatment of
electroplating wastes.  For wastewaters,  the extensive data used in the
development of metal finishing categorical wastewater discharge standards
were used as the basis for BOAT.

    Because of analytical difficulties in analyzing for amenable cyanides
in F019 nonwastewaters,  the amenable cyanide treatment standards for
nonwastewaters are based on 5 percent of the total cyanide standard.
Based on the data available to the Agency, it was determined that the
precision of SW-846, Method 9010,  for amenable cyanide is 5 percent of
the total cyanide concentration.  The basis for this estimate is
discussed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,  in which the precision for the analytical method is estimated
to be 5 percent.   Since the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water
and Wastewater procedure is essentially identical to the precision of
SW-846, Method 9010, EPA believes that the 5 percent value is
transferrable to the analysis performed using SW-846, Method 9010.  The
data used in the development of treatment standards for these wastes
represent the performance of well-designed, well-operated treatment
systems.
                                    7-4
3187g

-------
    As described in the methodology, analytical accuracy-corrected
constituent concentrations were calculated for all regulated BDAT list
constituents.  An arithmetic average of concentration  levels for each
constituent and a variability factor for each constituent were then
determined.  The variability factor represents the variability inherent
in the treatment process and the sampling and analytical methods.
Variability factors are calculated based on the treatment data for each
of the regulated constituents.  The general methodology for calculating
variability factors is presented in Appendix A of the methodology
document.

    The BDAT treatment standard for each constituent to be regulated in
this rulemaking was determined by multiplying the average accuracy-
corrected total composition by the appropriate variability factor,  with
the exception of cyanide in wastewaters, for which the standards were
transferred from Metal Finishing categorical wastewater discharge
standards.

    Table 7-3 is a summary of accuracy adjustment data for total
cyanides.  Table 7-4 shows the calculation of the treatment standards for
cyanides in F006 wastewaters.  To calculate the treatment standard for
amenable cyanides, the Agency has taken into account the precision of the
analytical methods for cyanide analysis based on the performance of
alkaline chlorination.
                                    7-5
3187g

-------
                     Table 7-3  Summary  of Accuracy Adjustment of Treatment Data
                              for Total Cyanide in Electroplating Wastes
Untreated
waste
concentration
(mg/1)
Alkaline
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
Measured
treated waste
concentration
(mg/1)
Percent
recovery for Accuracy-
matrix correction
spike test factor
Accuracy-
adjusted
concentration
(mg/1)
Chlorination
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
Set No.
1
2
3
it
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
71
12
17
25
16
59
31
41
18
1
12
10
16
,759
,000
,206
,936
,914
,421
,994
,900
,882
,270
,085
,902
,010
0
0
<0
<0
<0
0
0
<0,
<0,
0,
<0.
0.
0.
.95
.95
.014
.014
.014
.028
.028
,014
,014
,17
,014
070
070
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
94
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
.06
.06
.06
.06
.06
.06
.06
.06
,06
,06
06
06
06
1
1
<0
<0
<0,
0,
0.
<0.
<0.
0.
<0.
0.
0.
.01
.01
.015
.015
.015
,030
030
015
015
18
015
074
074
3187g
                                                 7-6

-------
3560g
          Table 7-4  Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Total
                     and Amenable Cyanide Based on Alkaline Chlorination

Regulated
constituent
Cyanide (total)
Cyanide (amenable)
Mean effluent
concentration
(mg/D
0.18
0.06

Variability
factor
6.68
14.31
Treatment
standard
(mg/1)
1.20
0.86
Source:  USEPA 1983, pp. VII B-126 to VII-153.

-------
                              8.   REFERENCES
APHA, AWWA,  and WPCF.   1985.  American  Public Health Association, American
  Water Works Association,  and Water  Pollution Control Federation.
  Standard methods  for  the  examination  of water and wastewater.
  16th ed.   Washington, D.C.:  American Public Health Association.

USEPA.  1983.  Development  document  (final) for Effluent Limitations
  Guidelines and New  Source Performance Standards for Metals Finishing
  Point Source Category.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
  EPA 440/1-83-091.

USEPA.  1987.  Onsite engineering report for Horsehead Resource
  Development Co.,  Inc. for K061.  Prepared by Versar Inc. for the Office
  of Solid Waste, U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency, under Contract
  No. 68-01  7053

USEPA.  1988a.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BOAT) background
  document for F006.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency.

USEPA.  1988b.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) background
  document for K062.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency.

USEPA.  1989a.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) background
  document for cyanide  wastes.  Washington, D.C.:   U.S. Environmental
  Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1989b.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Methodology for developing BDAT treatment standards.
  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1989c.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Treatment technology background document.   Washington,  D.C.:
  U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1990d.  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) background
  document for Third Third  U and P wastes and multi-source leachates.
  Vol. A.   Washington,  D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
                                    8-1
3188s

-------
                  APPENDIX  A

WASTE CHARACTERIZATION DATA FOR F006  WASTEWATERS
   COLLECTED BY EPA'S OFFICE OF WATER FOR  THE
     EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES FOR THE
     METAL  FINISHING  INDUSTRY  (USEPA 1983)

-------
                             TABLE 5-18
             POLLUTANTS FOUND IN TOTAL PLANT RAW WASTE
                DISCHARGED TO END-OF-PIPE TREATMENT
PARAMETER
114.  Antimony
115.  Arsenic
117.  Beryllium
118.  Cadmium
119.  Chromium
      Chromium. Hexavalent
120.  Copper
121.  Cyanide
      Cyanide. Amenable to Chlorination
122.  Lead
123.  Mercury
124.  Nickel
125.  Selenium
126.  Silver
127.  Thallium
128.  Zinc
      Oil and Grease
      Total Suspended Solids
Flow Proportioned
Mean Concentration *v
        0.009
        0.008
        0,001
        0.283
       27.46
        0.931
       12.63
        1.856
        1.168
        0.331
        0.001
       15.47
        0.001
        0.023
        0.009
       12.47
      391.60
      539.09
                                A-l

-------
                                                        TABLE 5-19
                                          POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS FOUND IN THE
                                              COMMON MBTALS RAW WASTB STREAM
                                             (Average Dally Values (ing/liter)
 Toxic Pollutant

 114  Antimony
 115  Arsenic
 117  Beryllium
 116  Cadmium
 119  chromium
'120  Copper
 121  Cyanide
 122  Lead
 123  Mercury
 124  Nickel
 125  Selenium
 126  Silver
 127  Thallium
 128  Zinc
      Aluminum
      Barium
      Boron
      Calcium
      Cobalt
      Fluorides
      Iron
      Magnesium
      Manganese
     Molybdenum
     Phosphorus
     Sodium
     Tin
     Titanium
     Vanadium
     Yttrium
     Oil and Grease
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Median
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.67
25.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.6
0.059
0.0
0.0
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.70
0.430
0.064
0.044
21.5
35.4
500.
2370.
42.3
0.400
415.
0.060
0.060
0.062
16,500.
200.
0.017
4.0
76.2
0.023
36.1
13.100.
31.1
0.500
0.300
76.7
310.
14.7
4.30
0.216
0.020
602.000.
0.007
0.005
0.008
0.613
2.10
14.2
42.1
1.25
0.005
19.4
0.007
0.006
0.006
312.
27.4
0.032
31.4
51.4
0.007
4.31
500.
16.1
0.233
0.102
7.72
151.
1.04
0.493
0.066
0.010
40.700.
0.0
0.0
0.005
0.001
0.105
0.175
0.016
0.053
0.0
0.078
0.005
0.0
0.003
0.393
1.27
0.029
3.76
52.2
0.0
0.876
2.44
13.6
0.065
0.016
3.06
136.
0.0
0.006
0.023
0.010
6.060.
I Zeros

   64
   15
    4
   48
   16
    3
   29
   35
   67
   20
    5
   59
    5
    1
    2
    1
    0
    0
    4
    9
    1
    0
    0
    1
    1
    0
   60
    4
    1
    1
    0
            Plow Proportioned
i Points    Mean Concentration
106
105
27
119' ,
116
119
99
122
109
111
26
103
26
122
16
4 '
3
4
7
99
102
4
7
6
96
4
98
9
4
4
37
.0007
0.015
0.016
0.070
1.39
1.64
0.834
0.738
0.001
4.16
0.003
0.001
0.003
41.3
85.6
0.031
3.13
58.5
0.010
6.15
84.7
17.4
0.337
0.109
8.00
211.
3.35
0.046
0.069
0.010
11.600. '.

-------
 •toxic Pollutant

 126  Silver
      Gold
      Palladium
      Rhodium
 Minimum
            TABLE 5-20
          CONCENTRATIONS FOUND IN THE
   PRECIOUS METALS RAW WASTE STREAM

Average Daily Values (rag/liter)

Maximum     Mean        Median
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
600.
42.7
0.120
0.220
69.0
9.27
0.023
0.018
0.243
0.560
0.0
0.0
3
€
10
11
              Flow Proportioned
 I Point*     Mean Concentration

     IS             8.09
     IS             6.11
     13            0.003
     12            0.005
Toxic Pollutant

118  Cadmium
120  Copper
122  Lead
124  Nickel
128  Zinc
  0.0
  0.0
  0.0
  0.0
0.023
                                                                TABLE  5-21
                                                              CONCENTRATIONS POUND IN THE
                                                      OOMPLEXED METALS RAH HASTE STREAM
            Average Dally Values  (mj/liter)

            Haxifnitn     Mean       Median
3.65
62.6
3.61
294.
17.6
0.247
10.3
0.372
22.5
3.05
0.0
5.90
0.0
0.550
0.210
                                  I Zeros

                                     22
                                      3
                                     21
                                      6
                                      0
             Flow Proportioned
j Points     Mean Concentration

    31            0.173
    31             9.68
    31            0.240
    31             18.8
    31             2.52

-------
                   APPENDIX  B

PERFORMANCE DATA FOR F006 WASTEWATERS  COLLECTED BY
EPA'S OFFICE OF WATER FOR THE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS
    GUIDELINES  FOR THE METAL FINISHING INDUSTRY

-------
                                   TABLE "7-4

             METAL FINISHING CATEGORY PERFORMANCE DATA FOR CADMIUM
                                    OPTION 1
     1.
     2.
     3.
     4.
     5.
     6.
     7.
     8.
     9.
    10.
    11.
    12.
    13.
    14.
    15.
    16.
    17.
    18.
    19.
    20.
    21.
    22.
    23.
    24.
    25.
    26.
    27.
    28.
    29.
    30.
    31.

Mean
Concentration
  Raw Waste
Concentration
   (mg/i)

    0.012
    0.012
    0.012
    0.013
    0.013
    0.013
    0.015
    0.017
    0.019
    0.021
    0.021
    0.022
    0.022
    0.024
    0.030
    0.032
    0.033
    0.037
    0.037
    0.042
    0.042
    0.053
    0.068
    0.077
    0.084
    0.087
    0.113
    0.250
    0.925
    1.00
    1.88
    0.162  (n-31)
.   Effluent
Concentration
    (tng/1)

     0.006
     0.006
     0.006
     0.005
     0.005
     0.010
     0.008
     0.006
     0.007
     0.010
     0.018
     0.013
     0.019
     0.005
     0.014
     0.005
     0.011
     0.005
     0.005
     0.006
     0.006
     0.009
     0.017
     0.005
     0.027
     0.024
     0.028
     0.008
     0.012
     0.015
     0.018
     0.011 (n«31)
Plant ID

20083-1-5
20083-1-6
19063-1-2
6083-1-2
19063-1-3
15070-1-1
6731-1-1
6731-1-2
6731-1-3
6074-1-1
31020-1-1
6087-1-3
27044-1-0
20080-1-1
6087-1-1
4065-8-1
6074-1-1
20073-1-1
20073-1-2
36041-1-2
36041-1-3
36041-1-1
21003-15-2
33024-6-0
21003-15-0
21003-15-1
6051-6-0
15070-1-2
20086-1-1
20086-1-3
20086-1-2
                                      B-l

-------
                                   TABLE 7-5

         METAL FINISHING CATEGORY PERFORMANCE DATA FOR CHROMIUM (TOTAL)



Data
Point
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
OPTION 1

Raw Waste
Concentration
(ma/1)
0.65
1.09
1.20
1.30
1.31
1.51
1.56
1.60
1.70
2.00
2.43
4.34
7.00
12.2
12.2
14.0
21.6
24.7 I
25.0
25.3
28.6
29.4
32.2
58.2
69.3
70.3
76.7
85.3
98.0
104.
116.
117.
117.
142.
162.
175.
190.
393.

r*
Effluent
Concentration
(ma/l)
0.052
0.128
1.12
0.013
0.014
0.150
0.255
0.120
1.16
0.040
0.070
0.039
0.020
0.556
0.611
0.250
0.005
0.333
0.333
0.533
0.667
0.733
0.0
0.833
1.06
0.833
1.64
0.143
0.333
0.714
0.018
0.400
0.500
0.195
1.47
1.89
2.36
2.14




Plant
6087-
6731-
150K
1906)
4069-
4406:
6051-
4406:
1501C
1147-
3302'
4406:
1147'
6083-
3604]
3306!
1906*
3604C
3604]
3604C
3604]
3604(
19061
2008(
20081
2008<
20071
6074-
6074-
6074-
31021
20071
20071
20081
2007!
2007:
4006!
4006:
Mean
Concentration
58.6 (n-38)
0.572 (n-38)
                                       B-2

-------
                            TABLE 7-13
        EFFLUENT CADMIUM SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 1 SYSTEMS
                     Mean Effluent
            Number   Concentration " Variability Factor
Plant ID  OF Points    fma/n          Daily      10-Day

  1067      222          0.13         3.08          2.04
  6002        6          0.05         7.48
  6035        9          0.01
  6051       13          0.04          --           1.14
 11008      185          0.12         3.14          2.01
 47025       50          0.21         7.49          8.54

OVERALL     485(Total)   0.13(Mean)   5.31(Median)  2.02(Median)
                          B-3

-------
                            TABLE 7-14
     EFFLUENT TOTAL CHROMIUM SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 1 SYSTEMS
Plant ID
  Number
OF Points
                                     Variability Factor
                     Mean Effluent
                     Concentration
                       fmo/l)

                         0.17
                         0.03
                         0.74
                         0.18
                         0.27
                         0.14
                         0.02
                         0.10
                         0.12
                         0.09
                         0.20
                         0.16
                         0.29
                         0.60
                         0.21
                         0.15
                         0.40
                         0.01
                         0.04
                         0.24
                         0.01
                         0.06
                         0.06

OVERALL    3552(Total)   0.19(Mean)   4.85(Median)  2.98(Median)
1067
5020
6002
6035
6051
6053
6087
6107
6111
11008
17030
19063
20080
20082
20116
22735
23076
30050
30090
36040
44150
45741
47025
230
228
6
12
13
12
• 12
10
3
185
344
238
269
253
243
35
242
289
49
224
42
358
255
Daily
3.07
— -
13.66
7.52
3.97
8.72
5.58
5.57
5.97
6.84
3.51
4.58
5.20
2.76
4.64
4.79
3.80
4.90
1.67
_-
4.47
5.57
10-Dav
2.27
10.52
-.-
1.89
1.78
3.02
— _
--
4.08
5.56
4.80
2.63
3.70
1.65
1.39
4.41
3.07
2.12
1.30
37.26
2.98
2.81
                                 B-4

-------
                            TABLE 7-16
          EFFLUENT LEAD SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 1 SYSTEMS
                     Mean Effluent
            Number   Concentration   Variability Factor
Plant ID  OF Points    (mo/n          Daily      10-Dav

  5020      229          0.242        .4.50          2.11
 19063      238          0.10         3.15          3.18
 30165       65          0.45         2.66          1.93
 44045       49          0.14         3.89          2.26

OVERALL     581(Total)   0.20(Mean)   3.52(Median)  2.19(Median)
                                  B-5

-------
                            TABLE  7-17
         EFFLUENT NICKEL  SELF-MONITORING  PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION I- SYSTEMS
Plant ID
  Number
OF Points
                                     Variability  Factor
1067
5020
6002
6035
6051
6087
11008
19063
20082
20116
23076
30050
33092
36040
44045
44150
230
231
6
9
13
12
185
10
253
243
241
75
27
178
49
42
OVERALL
Mean Effluent
Concentration
  fmo/t)

    0.21
    0.40
    0.09
    0.06
    0.04
    0.66
    0.44
    0.07
    0.32
    0.67
    0.50
    0.03
    0.25
    0.32
    0.32
    0.12
 1804(Total)   0.39(Mean)   4.22(Median)  2.52(Median)
Daily
4.05
4.48
4.72
5.37
6.55
__
2.79
2.90
3.72
2.26
6.38
3.78
4.38
1.73
10.13
10-Dav
2.39
2.54
--
--
6.12
6.30
1.62
-_
2.77
1.31
4.29
2.37
2.51
1.27
2.66
                                B-6

-------
                                TABLE 7-7

            METAL FINISHING CATEGORY PERFORMANCE DATA FOR LEAD
                                 OPTION 1
Data
Point

  1.
  2.
  3.
  4.
  5.
  6.
  7.
  8.
  9.
 10.
 11.
 12.
 13.
 14.
 15.
 16.
 17.
 18.
 19.
 20.
 21.
 22.
 23.
 24.
 25.
 26.
 27.
 28.
 29.
 30.
 31.
 32.
 33.
 34.
 35.
  Raw Waste
Concentration
   (mq/t)

    0.052
    0.054
    0.064
    0.067
    0.071
    0.072
    0.072
    0.075
    0.084
    0.102
    0.103
    0.125
    0.136
    0.136
    0.144
    0.145
    0.154
    0.160
    0.164
    0.168
    0.174
    0.182
    0.212
    0.218
    0.226
    0.233
    0.270
    0.364
    0.394
    0.474
    0.567
    0.600
    0.800
    0.909
    1.000
 ,.Bffluent
Concentration
   (rng/i)
    0.048
    0.033
    0.025
    0.013
    0.0
    0.044
    0.048
    0.010
    0.025
    0.025
    0.077
    0.050
    0.032
    0.040
    0.032
    0.038
    0.044
    0.036
    0.040
    0.032
    0.0
    0.044
    0.036
    0.044
    0.025
    0.0
    0.160
    0.067
    0.021
    0.043
    0.0
    0.036
    0.068
    0.073
    0.064
Plant ID

15070-1-3
36040-1-1
20078-1-3
6731-1-3
19068-15-1
15070-1-1
15070-1-2
20080-1-1
20078-1-2
20078-1-4
4065-8-1
20083-1-3
36041-1-2
20078-1-7
20083-1-6
20073-1-1
20086-1-3
20086-1-1
20086-1-2
20083-1-5
19068-15-2
6074-1-1
36041-1-3
6074-1-1
20073-1-2
36623-15-2
4071-15-3
27044-1-0
33065-9-1
40062-8-0
36623-15-0
40062-8-0
31020-1-1
15010-12-2
36041-1-1
                                (Continued)
                                   B-7

-------
                             TABLE 7-7 (Continued)

               METAL FINISHING CATEGORY PERFORMANCE DATA FOR  LEAD
                                    OPTION 1
   Data
   Point

    36.
    37.
    38.
    39.
    40.
    41.
    42.
    43.
    44.
  Raw Waste
Concentration
   (mo/1)
    1,
    1.
    1.
    2.
    2.
000
000
120
500
540
    6.928
    6.930
    8.362
    9.701
  Effluent
Concentration
   (mq/t)

    0.085
    0.133
    0.065
    0.160
    0.0
    0.165
    0.0
    0.098
    0.143
Plant ID

6087-1-1
15010-12-3
6087-1-3
6083-1-2
12061-15-2
19063-1-1
12061-15-0
19063-1-2
19063-1-3
Mean
Concentration
    1.11 (n-44)
                       0.0505 (n-44)
                                       B-8

-------
                                TABLE 7-8

           METAL PTMISHING CATEGORY PERFORMANCE DATA TOR NICKEL
                                 OPTION 1
                                               »«
                    Raw Waste                Effluent
Data              Concentration            Concentration
Point                 (mo/t)                    (mg/t)            Plant ID

  1.                   1.07                    0.076            19063-1-1
  2.                   1.44                    1.11             6731-1-1
  3.                   1.48                    0.150            21003-15-1
  4.                   1.69                    0.060            19063-1-2
  5.                   2.14                    0.342            4069-8-1
  6.                   2.22                    1.00             6731-1-2
  7.                   2.23                    0.190            19063-1-3
  8.                   2.57                    0.044            36041-1-2
  9.                   3.20                    0.726            27044-1-0
 10.                   3.24                    0.700            36623-15-2
 11.                   3.87                    0.122            4069-8-1
 12.                   3.89                    1.89             6731-1-3
 13.                   4.49                    0.571            36041-1-3
 14.                   5.00                    0.320            36041-1-1
 15.                   5.42                    1.20             36623-15-0
 16.                   5.60                    0.414            5020-1-6
 17.                   5.80                    1.03             36623-15-1
 18.                   6.80                    0.414            5020-1-5
 19.                   7.31                    0.759            5020-1-4
 20.                   8.56                    0.0              19068-15-2
 21.                   9.33                    2.27             6083-1-2
 22.                   11.8                     0.294            5020-1-3
 23.                   27.5                     0.120            31020-1-1
 24.                   33.9                     0.536            20086-1-2
 25.                   36.7                     0.464            20086-1-3
 26.                   42.9                     0.786            20086-1-1
 27.                   50.0                     7.30             6087-1-1
 28.                   52.5                     0.478            20073-1-2
 29.                   53.8                     0.448            20073-1-1
 30.                   73.0                     6.39             6087-1-3
 31.                   76.9                     0.381            20078-1-7
 32.                   78.7                     0.106            20078-1-3
 33.                   78.7                     0.427            20078-1-4
 34.                   80.6                      1.84              40062-8-0
 35.                   85.3                      0.144            20078-1-2

                                (Continued)
                                     B-9

-------
               TABLE 7-8  (Continued)

METAL FINISHING CATEGORY  PERFORMANCE DATA  TOR  NICKEL
                      OPTION  1
   Data
   Point

    36.
    37.
    38.
    39.
    40.
    41.
    42.
    43.
    44.
    45.

Mean
Concentration
  Raw Waste
Concentration
   (ma/1)

  94.3
  94.4
  97.1
 108.
 108
 111.
 128.
 142.
 153.
 167.
           46.1  (n-45)
                                 "Effluent
                                Concentration
                                    (rac/1)

                                     0.600
                                     1.52
                                     0.808
                                     0.778
                                     1.78
                                     0.462
                                     0.571
                                     1.56
                                     0.907
                                     0.304
0.942 (n-45)
                 Plant ID

                 6074-.1-1
                 40062-8-0
                 20083-1-5
                 36040-1-1
                 36040-1-1
                 20083-1-6
                 6074-1-1
                 36040-1-1
                 20083-1-3
                 6074-1-1
                         B-10

-------
                              TABLE 7-11
            TREATMENT  OF COMMON METALS - VISITED PLANTS
          SUMMARY  OF OPTION 1 MEAN EFFLUENT CONCENTRATIONS
Parameter
Mean Concentration  (mq/t)
Cadmium
Chromium. Total
Copper-
Lead
Nickel
-Zinc-
Total Suspended  Solids
                0.011
                0.572
                O-rftl-5
                0.051
                0.942
                0.549
               •16.8
                                 B-ll

-------
                     TABLE  7-23
             TREATMENT OF COMMON METALS
VISITED PLANT OPTION 2 MEAN EFFLUENT CONCENTRATIONS
           Parameter

      Total Suspended Solids
      Cadmium
      Chromium, Total
      Copper
      Lead
      Nickel
      Zinc
 mg/1

12.8
.014
.319
.367
.031
.459
.247
                               B-12

-------
Plant ID

03043
15193
20483
38223

OVERALL
                            TABLE  7-24
          EFFLUENT TSS SELF-MONITORING  PERFORMANCE  DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2  SYSTEMS
  Number
Of Points

   94
   12
  357
  234
   Mean Effluent
Concentration (mq/t)

       10.07
       13.58
        5.90
        5.74
  697 (TOTAL)
        6.54 (MEAN)
                            TABLE  7-25
        EFFLUENT CADMIUM  SELF-MONITORING  PERFORMANCE  DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2 SYSTEMS
Plant ID

38223
  Number
Of Points

  234
   Mean Effluent
Concentration (mq/i)

        0.08
                            TABLE  7-26
        EFFLUENT CHROMIUM SELF-MONITORING  PERFORMANCE  DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION  2  SYSTEMS
Plant ID

03043
15193
31021
38223

OVERALL
  Number
Off Points

   91
   12
   86
  234
   Mean Effluent
Concentration (Tnq/1")

        0.60
        0.11
        0.25
        0.06
  423 (TOTAL)
        0.22 (MEAN)
                                  B-13

-------
                            TABLE 7-27
         EFFLUENT COPPER SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2 SYSTEMS

                         Number                Mean Effluent
Plant ID               Of Points            Concentration  (mo/I)

11125                     29            -            1.11
15193                     12                        0.06
31021                    121                        1-44

OVERALL                  225 (TOTAL)                1.32 (MEAN)


                            TABLE 7-28
          EFFLUENT LEAD SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2 SYSTEMS

                         Number                Mean Effluent
Plant ID               Of Points            Concentration  (mq/t)

38223                    234                        0.04
                            TABLE 7-29
         EFFLUENT NICKEL SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2 SYSTEMS

                         Number                Mean Effluent
Plant ID               Of Points            Concentration  (mq/a.)

03043                     91                        0.42
11125                     29                        1.75
15193                     12                        0.27
31021                    120                        0.93

OVERALL                  252 (TOTAL)                0.81  (MEAN)


                            TABLE 7-30
          EFFLUENT ZINC SELF-MONITORING PERFORMANCE DATA
                 FOR PLANTS WITH OPTION 2 SYSTEMS

                         Number                Mean Effluent
Plant ID               Of Points            Concentration  (mq/t)

03043                     91                        0.35
15193                     12                        0.14
31021                    121                        0.77
38223                    234                        0.11

OVERALL                  252 (TOTAL)                0.81  (MEAN)
                                 B-14

-------
Table 7-32 presents the daily maximum. 10-day average, and  long  -
term average effluent performance for common metals Option  2.
Performance was obtained by multiplying the visited plant mean
concentrations of Table 7-23 by the respective variability
factors shown in Table 7-31 (except for cadmium and lead, where
the weighted mean Option 2 self-monitoring data concentrations
were used in place of the visited plant mean effluent
concentrations).  The allowable daily effluent concentrations for
each of the parameters have been shown'*on Figures 7-10 through
7-16.
                            TABLE 7-32
             OPTION 2 COMMON METAL PERFORMANCE LEVELS
Pollutant

Total suspended solids
Cadmium
Chromium, total
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
               Daily Max.

                  46
                   0.42
                   1.55
                   1.52
                   0.14
                   1.94
                   1.13
10-Day Average

    24
     0.16
     0.95
     0.93
     0.09
     1.16
     0.67
Long Term
 Average

  12.8
   0.08
   0.32
   0.37
   0.04
   0.46
   0.25
Table 7-33 summarizes  the percentage of the metal finishing data
base below the Option  2 daily maximum concentration  limitation
for the EPA sampled plants.
Pollutant
                   TABLE 7-33
PERCENTAGE OF THE MFC DATA BASE BELOW THE DAILY
      MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS FOR OPTION 2

                               EPA Sampled Plants
                                  Daily Maximum
Total suspended  solids
Cadmium
Chromium,  total
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
                                      100.0
                                      100.0
                                      100.0
                                      100.0
                                      100.0
                                      100.0
                                       94.1
                                B-15

-------
Summary tables are provided to show a direct comparison  of  the
mean,  daily maximum, and 10-day average concentrations for
Options 1 and 2.  Table 7-34 presents a comparison  of the mean
concentrations and Table 7-35 lists the daily maximum and maximum
monthly average concentrations for
                            TABLE 7-34
       OPTION 1 AND OPTION 2 MEAN CONCENTRATION COMPARISON
Pollutant

Total suspended solids
Cadmium
Chromium, total
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
                     CONCENTRATION (mg/l)

                 Option 1           Option 2
                   16.8
                    0.19
                    0.572
                    0.815
                    0.20
                    0.942
                    0.549
                                                                   12.8
                                                                   0.08
                                                                   0.319
                                                                   0.367
                                                                   0.04
                                                                   0.459
                                                                   0.247
                            TABLE 7-35
           OPTION 1 AND OPTION 2 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON

                              CONCENTRATION  (mg/l)

Pollutant        	Option 1	   	Option  2
•s

-------
                                   TABLE 7-44
                            METAL  FINISHING  CATEGORY
                           PERFORMANCE  DATA FOR SILVER
                            VISITED OPTION 1 PIANTS
Data Point
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
  Raw Waste
Concentration
   (ma/1)
    0.1780
    0.1780
    0.2100
    0.2700
    0.2900
           Effluent
       Concentration
           (mg/t)
           0.1670
           0.1190
           0.0610
           0.0640
           0.0690
Plant ID
  6087-1-1
  6087-1-3
21003-15-2
21003-15-0
21003-15-1
Mean
Concentration
    0.2252 (n-5)
           0.0960  (n-5)
                         Effluent Silver Self-Monitoring Performance Data
                                  for Plants with Option 1 Systems
           Plant ID

            6087

           11125

           Overall
     No.  of
     Points

       12

        5

       17
Concentration (mg/2.)

        0.04

        1.66

        0.52
                                         B-17

-------